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Ultrastructural studies on the formation and distribution of lipid droplets in the lung capillary endothelial cells in patients with sarcoidosis.
|
BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE WORK: We previously reported the presence of definite morphological alterations in the capillary endothelium of sarcoid lung. The aim of this study was to examine ultrastructural changes and distribution of lipid droplets in the endothelium of lung capillaries of patients with sarcoidosis.METHODS: Tissue specimens were obtained by transbronchial lung biopsy or open lung biopsy from 16 patients with sarcoidosis and 13 controls. Biopsies were evaluated by electron microscopy following lead citrate and uranyl acetate staining.RESULTS: Typical lipid droplets were observed in pulmonary capillaries of 11 out of 16 sarcoid patients (69%); the droplet frequency was higher in sarcoid patients than in control specimens. Lipid droplets were characterized by biphasic density: most droplets contained eccentrically located vacuoles (saturated fatty acids) others were characterized by low density areas (unsaturated fatty acids). Biphasic droplets were covered by large lysosomal granules and were mainly distributed in the endothelium and pericytes. Interestingly, in the latter, vacuoles increased in size while small amounts of lysosomal granules were detectable.CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that biphasic droplets increase in number in pulmonary capillaries of patients with sarcoidosis with a characteristic distribution pattern from the endothelium to pericytes.
|
['Adult', 'Capillaries', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Fatty Acids', 'Fatty Acids, Unsaturated', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lipid Metabolism', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pericytes', 'Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary']
| 10,207,943
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A07.015.461.165'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['D10.251'], ['D10.251.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G03.458'], ['A04.411'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A07.015.700.750', 'A10.272.491.677', 'A11.710', 'A16.504.660.600'], ['C08.381.483.725', 'C15.604.515.827.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
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Partial weight bearing after operations for hip fractures in elderly patients.
|
Factors affecting a patient's ability to carry out partial weight bearing after operation for hip fracture were studied in 100 patients. Seventy-six were able to do so. Significant factors included the muscle power of the good limbs and the mental state, whereas age, body-weight and type of operation were not significant. Logistical regression analysis showed that it was possible to predict a patient's partial weight bearing potential by simply testing the left hand grip and the 'Set' test score.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Hip Fractures', 'Hip Joint', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Weight-Bearing']
| 1,383,527
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C26.404.061.425', 'C26.531.750', 'C26.558.276.425'], ['A02.835.583.411'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G01.374.965']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for eukaryotic initiation factor-2. Cloning of cDNA for the delta-subunit of rabbit translation initiation factor-2B.
|
Peptide sequence data for rabbit eIF-2B delta were obtained and used to design redundant oligonucleotides for PCR. RNA was isolated from rabbit liver and used to direct the synthesis of total cDNA. A rabbit eIF-2B delta transcript was then amplified by PCR and sequenced. The PCR product was used to isolate a clone from a rabbit liver cDNA library. RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends) was used to obtain further 5' sequence. Subsequently, a full length cDNA was obtained from a rabbit reticulocyte library. PCR was used to confirm that the sequence is the same for the liver factor. The sequence obtained shows strong homology to that of yeast eIF-2B delta, the GCD2 gene product.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2', 'Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2B', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors', 'Liver', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Oligonucleotides', 'Proteins', 'Rabbits', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins']
| 8,110,836
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['D12.776.835.725.868.249'], ['D12.644.360.325.300.050', 'D12.776.476.325.300.050', 'D12.776.835.725.868.374'], ['D12.776.354'], ['D12.644.360.325.300', 'D12.776.476.325.300'], ['A03.620'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D13.695.578.424'], ['D12.776'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['D12.776.354.750']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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[Differentiation and Identification of Alicyclobacillus Strains by Fourier Transform Near-Infrared Spectroscopy].
|
Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIR) can reflect the overall molecular composition of microbial cells to identify different types of microorganisms. To establish an accurate, effective method about the differentiation and identification of Alicyclobacillus strains between different species, the present research performed the following studies by FT-NIR: (1) The FT-NIR spectra about seven type stains was clustered for data analysis. After preprocessing, reduction of data was performed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Linear Discriminant Analysis(LDA), exploring the feasibility of differentiation and identification between different species, the result suggested that the PCA model can cluster the seven species of Alicyclobacillus strains correctly and the LDA model I can predict the unknown species with 100% accuracy. It evidenced that the method could identify different species of Alicyclobacillus strains preliminary. (2)In order to improve the robustness and practicability of the model, a total of 41 Alicyclobacillus strains including type and isolated strains were prepared for LDA model II, using the same methods as mentioned before. The result indicated that the LDA model validated by fifteen sample with 86.67% accuracy. It was more perfect and more comprehensive. As a result, the FT-NIR technology combined with chemometrics method can accurately and effectively identify Alicyclobacillus strains between different microbial species.
|
['Alicyclobacillus', 'Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared']
| 26,978,911
|
[['B03.353.500.050', 'B03.510.100.050', 'B03.510.415.400.078'], ['E05.196.712.726.676.700', 'E05.196.867.826.676.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Retrohepatic vena cava and hepatic vein injuries: a simplified experimental methods of treatment by balloon shunt.
|
BACKGROUND: Fecal contamination from colon injury has been thought to be the most significant factor for the development of surgical site infection (SSI) after trauma. However, there are increasing data to suggest that other factors may play a role in the development of postinjury infection in patients after colon injury. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of gastric wounding on the development of SSI and nonsurgical site infection (NSSI) in patients with colon injury.METHODS: Post hoc analysis was performed on data prospectively collected for 317 patients presenting with penetrating hollow viscus injury. One hundred sixty-two patients with colon injury were subdivided into one of three groups: patients with isolated colon wounds (C), patients with colon and stomach wounds with or without other organ injury (C+S), and patients with colon and other organ injury but no stomach injury (C-S) and assessed for the development of SSI and NSSI. Infection rates were also determined for patients who sustained isolated gastric injury (S) and gastric injury in combination with organ injuries other than colon (S-C). Penetrating Abdominal Trauma Index, operative times, and transfusion were assessed. Discrete variables were analyzed by Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel chi2 test and Fisher's exact test. Risk factor analysis was performed by multivariate logistic regression.RESULTS: C+S patients had a higher rate of SSI infection (31%) than C patients (3.6%) (p = 0.008) and C-S patients (13%) (p = 0.021). Similarly, the incidence of NSSI was also significantly greater in the C+S group (37%) compared with the C patients (7.5%) (p = 0.07) and the C-S patients (17%) (p = 0.019). There was no difference in the rate of SSI or NSSI between the C and C-S groups (p = 0.3 and p = 0.24, respectively). The rate of SSI was significantly greater in the C+S patients when compared with the S-C patients (31% vs. 10%, p = 0.008), but there was no statistical difference in the rate of NSSI in the C+S group and the S-C group (37% vs. 24%, p = 0.15).CONCLUSION: The addition of a gastric injury to a colon injury has a synergistic effect on the rate of postoperative infection.
|
['Abdominal Injuries', 'Animals', 'Catheterization', 'Constriction', 'Dogs', 'Hepatic Veins', 'Vena Cava, Inferior']
| 14,960,995
|
[['C26.017'], ['B01.050'], ['E02.148', 'E05.157'], ['E05.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['A07.015.908.380'], ['A07.015.908.949.648']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Two-stage surgical approach with dermofat graft and lipofilling for the treatment of established Frey syndrome and facial depression deformity.
|
Frey syndrome and facial contour deformity commonly occur after parotid surgery. Although the treatment of established Frey syndrome has focused on medical solutions, surgical solutions to established Frey syndrome have been less reported. Moreover, these methods may not resolve the facial depression. In the presented case here, we used 2-stage surgical approach with dermofat graft and lipofilling for the treatment of established Frey syndrome and facial depression deformity. We considered that this technique provides the easiest, most practical, satisfying, and effective solution for Frey syndrome that develops in the late follow-up period after superficial parotidectomy.
|
['Adipose Tissue', 'Cicatrix', 'Face', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Parotid Gland', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Sweating, Gustatory', 'Young Adult']
| 22,801,164
|
[['A10.165.114'], ['A10.165.450.300', 'C23.550.355.274', 'G16.762.891.249'], ['A01.456.505'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.556.500.760.464', 'A10.336.779.464', 'A14.549.760.464'], ['C23.550.767'], ['C10.177.825', 'C17.800.946.350.843'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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The accumulation and localization of chalcone synthase in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.).
|
Chalcone synthase (CHS, E.C.2.3.1.74) is the first committed enzyme in the flavonoid pathway. Previous studies have primarily focused on the cloning, expression and regulation of the gene at the transcriptional level. Little is yet known about the enzyme accumulation, regulation at protein level, as well as its localization in grapevine. In present study, the accumulation, tissue and subcellular localization of CHS in different grapevine tissues (Vitis vinifera L. Cabernet Sauvignon) were investigated via the techniques of Western blotting, immunohistochemical localization, immunoelectron microscopy and confocal microscopy. The results showed that CHS were mainly accumulated in the grape berry skin, leaves, stem tips and stem phloem, correlated with flavonoids accumulation. The accumulation of CHS is developmental dependent in grape berry skin and flesh. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that CHS were primarily localized in the exocarp and vascular bundles of the fruits during berry development; in palisade, spongy tissues and vascular bundles of the leaves; in the primary phloem and pith ray in the stems; in the growth point, leaf primordium, and young leaves of leaf buds; and in the endoderm and primary phloem of grapevine roots. Furthermore, at the subcellular level, the cell wall, cytoplasm and nucleus localized patterns of CHS were observed in the grapevine vegetative tissue cells. Results above indicated that distribution of CHS in grapevine was organ-specific and tissue-specific. This work will provide new insight for the biosynthesis and regulation of diverse flavonoid compounds in grapevine.
|
['Acyltransferases', 'Flavonoids', 'Fruit', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Organ Specificity', 'Plant Leaves', 'Plant Roots', 'Protein Transport', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Subcellular Fractions', 'Vitis']
| 27,161,583
|
[['D08.811.913.050'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['G05.308.320'], ['G05.308.375'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['G07.650'], ['A18.024.812'], ['A18.400'], ['G03.143.700'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['A11.284.835'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.965.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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X-ray structures of the antigen-binding domains from three variants of humanized anti-p185HER2 antibody 4D5 and comparison with molecular modeling.
|
The X-ray structures of 1 Fv and 2 Fab humanized anti-p185HER2 antibody fragments (IgG1-kappa) have been determined at a resolution between 2.7 A and 2.2 A. The antibodies are three different versions of a human antibody framework onto which the antigen recognition loops from a murine antibody (4D5) have been grafted. The sequences of the three versions differ in the framework region at positions L55, H78 and H102. The version 8 Fv fragment crystallizes in space group P2(1) with cell parameters a = 37.6 A, b = 63.4 A, c = 90.2 A, beta = 98.2 degrees, with two molecules per asymmetric unit, and has been refined against data 10.0 A-2.2 A to an R-factor of 18.3%. Versions 4 and 7 Fabs crystallize in space group P1 with cell parameters a = 39.2 A, b = 80.2 A, c = 86.1 A, alpha = 113.1 degrees, beta = 92.7 A, gamma = 102.6 A and two molecules per asymmetric unit. Version 4 has been refined against data 10.0 A-2.5 A resolution to an R-factor of 17.9%. Version 7 has been refined against data 10 A-2.7 A to an R-factor of 17.1%. The X-ray structures have been used to assess the accuracy of structural predictions made via molecular modeling, and they confirm the structural role of certain framework residues and the conformations of five of six complementarity determining regions (CDRS). The average deviation of the model from the X-ray structures is within the range observed among the X-ray structures for 81% of the C alpha atoms. Of the hydrogen bonds common to the X-ray structures, 94% of the main-chain-main-chain and 79% of the main-chain-side-chain ones were predicted by the model. The side-chain conformation was predicted correctly for 79% of the buried residues. The third CDR in the heavy chain is variable, differing by up to 8 A between molecules within an asymmetric unit. The structural relationship between variable domains of light and heavy chains is not significantly altered by the absence of constant domains in the Fv molecule. The antigen-binding potential of an unusual light chain sequence has been confirmed. The arginine at position 66 interacts with the first light chain CDR, but in a fashion somewhat different than predicted. A substitution of a leucine for an alanine side-chain directed between the beta-sheets has only relatively small and local effects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Antibodies', 'Binding Sites, Antibody', 'Computer Simulation', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen Bonding', 'Immunoglobulin Variable Region', 'Mice', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Oncogene Proteins, Viral', 'Protein Conformation', 'Receptor, ErbB-2', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'X-Ray Diffraction']
| 8,095,303
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['G02.111.570.060.425.079', 'G02.111.570.120.408', 'G12.122.232', 'G12.125'], ['L01.224.160'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.282'], ['D12.644.541.500.650.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680.650.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.797', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680.650.500', 'D12.776.124.790.651.797', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680.650.500', 'D12.776.377.715.548.797', 'G02.111.570.060.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E05.599.595'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.624.664.520', 'D12.776.964.700'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009.400', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009.400', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074.400', 'D12.776.624.664.700.642', 'D23.050.301.500.600.700', 'D23.050.705.552.600.550', 'D23.101.140.642'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['E05.196.309.742', 'E05.196.822.950', 'G01.867.950', 'G02.965']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Underlying pathology of women with "atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion" smears, in a region with a high incidence of cervical cancer.
|
AIM: To evaluate the histopathology of women who had "atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions" (ASC-H) on cervical cytology in a region with high incidence of cervical cancer.METHODS: This study was conducted at Chiang Mai University Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand. All women with ASC-H, who had undergone colposcopic and histolopathologic evaluation between October 2004 and January 2007, were recruited. Similar cohorts with other squamous cell abnormalities on a Pap-smear, who had undergone colposcopy during the same period, were included as comparative groups.RESULTS: During the study period, 85 women who had ASC-H smears underwent colposcopic and histopathologic evaluation. The mean age was 45.3 years (range, 20-64 years). The histopathologic results of these 85 women were as follows: cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) II-III, 52 (61.2%); invasive cancer, 7 (8.2%); CIN I, 6 (7.1%); and no lesions, 20 (23.5%). The incidence of underlying CIN II or higher in an ASC-H smear (69.4%) was intermediate between atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance (22.7%), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (44.7%) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (90.5%) smears. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of CIN II or higher between women who were 40 years old or more and those who were younger (68.7% and 71.4%, respectively, P=0.81), or between pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women (71.4% and 63.6%, respectively, P=0.49).CONCLUSION: Reporting ASC-H cytology in our population is strongly associated with significant cervical pathology, particularly invasive cancer that is possibly at a rate higher than previously reported. Women who have ASC-H smears should therefore be referred for immediate colposcopy regardless of age and menopausal status.
|
['Adult', 'Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia', 'Cohort Studies', 'Colposcopy', 'Female', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms, Squamous Cell', 'Papanicolaou Test', 'Prospective Studies', 'Uterine Cervical Neoplasms', 'Vaginal Smears']
| 18,412,783
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C04.557.470.200.240.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E01.370.378.150', 'E01.370.388.250.150', 'E04.502.250.150', 'E04.520.150', 'E04.950.300.210'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.557.470.700'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.422', 'E01.370.225.998.054.422', 'E04.074.422', 'E05.200.500.384.100.422', 'E05.200.998.054.422', 'E05.242.384.100.422'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C04.588.945.418.948.850', 'C13.351.500.852.593.131', 'C13.351.500.852.762.850', 'C13.351.937.418.875.850'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.800', 'E01.370.225.998.054.800', 'E01.370.378.900', 'E04.074.800', 'E05.200.500.384.100.800', 'E05.200.998.054.800', 'E05.242.384.100.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Current progress in the development of a totally implantable Gyro centrifugal artificial heart.
|
A totally implantable centrifugal artificial heart has been developed using a miniaturized pivot bearing supported centrifugal pump (Gyro PI pump). The authors report current progress in its development. The Gyro PI-601 has a priming volume of 20 ml, weighs 100 g, has a height of 60 mm, and has a diameter of 65 mm. This pump can provide 8 L/min against 150 mmHg at 2,250 rpm. It is driven by an miniaturized DC brushless motor with the coils fixed in a plastic mold that is waterproof and made of titanium (weight, 204 g; height, 18 mm; diameter, 65 mm). In this centrifugal artificial heart, two Gyro PI pumps are implanted independently to replace cardiac function without resecting the native heart. Its anatomic and surgical feasibility were confirmed experimentally. The Gyro PI-601 was implanted as a right or left ventricular assist device in the preperitoneal space of five calves. All five tests proceeded without any thromboembolic symptoms. One of five tests was extended more than 1 month to confirm the long-term feasibility of the Gyro PI-601 pump system. Based on the satisfactory results of the in vivo tests, the material conversion of the Gyro PI from polycarbonate to titanium alloy (Ti-6A1-4V) was undertaken to improve its biocompatibility for long-term implantation.
|
['Alloys', 'Animals', 'Biocompatible Materials', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Cattle', 'Centrifugation', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Heart, Artificial', 'Heart-Assist Devices', 'Humans', 'Thromboembolism', 'Titanium']
| 9,617,953
|
[['D01.552.033', 'D25.058', 'J01.637.051.058'], ['B01.050'], ['D25.130', 'D27.720.102.130', 'J01.637.051.130'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['E05.181'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['E07.695.300', 'E07.858.082.374'], ['E04.050.430', 'E07.695.300.300', 'E07.858.082.374.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.355.590'], ['D01.268.557.800', 'D01.268.956.878', 'D01.552.547.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) serum markers in Greek leprosy patients.
|
The prevalence of HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc in the sera of 217 patients with the two polar types of leprosy and 382 hospital controls was studied in order to investigate the degree of exposure of Greek leprosy patients to HBV and the ability of these patients to clear HBV from the blood. Two distinct serological patterns were analyzed: effective exposure, characterized by the presence of one or more of the three serological markers, and active infection, characterized by the presence of HBsAg. From the statistical analysis it was found that TT as well as LL cases had a higher prevalence of effective exposure in comparison to controls (p less than 10(-5) and p less than 10(-6)). No significant difference was found between the two polar leprosy types (p greater than 0.30) or between bacteriologically positive and negative LL cases (p greater than 0.30). As far as the prevalence of active infection is concerned among the effectively exposed subjects of all groups, no significant difference existed between TT cases and controls, LL cases and controls, the two polar leprosy cases combined and controls, the two polar leprosy groups, and LL cases positive and negative for Mycobacterium leprae (p for all comparisons greater than 0.30). It is concluded that leprosy cases are at a high risk of HBV infection, but the prevalence of active infection among those effectively exposed does not differ between leprosy cases and hospital controls.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Female', 'Greece', 'Hepatitis B', 'Hepatitis B Antibodies', 'Hepatitis B Core Antigens', 'Hepatitis B Surface Antigens', 'Humans', 'Leprosy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 3,722,963
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['Z01.542.383'], ['C01.221.250.500', 'C01.925.256.430.400', 'C01.925.440.435', 'C06.552.380.705.437'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254.450.504', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254.450.504', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254.450.504'], ['D23.050.327.495.500.450'], ['D23.050.327.495.500.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.475.371'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Identification of heterotrophic plate count bacteria isolated from drinking water in Japan by DNA sequencing analysis.
|
Heterotrophic plate count (HPC) test has been employed to indicate the effectiveness of water treatment processes and the microbiological condition of the distribution system. In Japan, because the majority of HPC bacteria are supposed to be harmless and all tap water should maintain residual chlorine, there are few studies of the virulence of HPC bacteria. In this study, we examined HPC bacteria isolated from finished and tap water for hemolytic activity to determine their virulence potential. 34 of 39 colonies expressing hemolytic activity were identified by partial 16S rDNA sequencing, but some of their percent identity were relatively low. This may have been due to the mismatching of the primer pair with some strains, or these strains may be unidentified new species. A total of 30 of 34 isolates identified have been reported to be opportunistic pathogens or food poisoning bacteria. To control the growth of these opportunistic pathogens among HPC bacteria, appropriate water quality control must always be done and residual chlorine must be maintained in every tap for a safe water supply.
|
['Bacteria', 'Colony Count, Microbial', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Humans', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Virulence', 'Water Microbiology', 'Water Supply']
| 20,055,218
|
[['B03'], ['E01.370.225.875.220', 'E05.200.875.220'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['D13.444.735.686.670'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['G06.930'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.777', 'N06.850.425.450'], ['J01.293.821.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Evaluation of dental morphometrics during the orthodontic treatment.
|
BACKGROUND: Diagnostic orthodontic and prosthetic procedures commence with an initial examination, during which a number of individual findings on occlusion or malocclusion are clarified. Nowadays we try to replace standard plaster casts by scanned objects and digital models.METHOD: Geometrically calibrated images aid in the comparison of several different steps of the treatment and show the variation of selected features belonging to individual biomedical objects. The methods used are based on geometric morphometrics, making a new approach to the evaluation of the variability of features. The study presents two different methods of measurement and shows their accuracy and reliability.RESULTS: The experimental part of the present paper is devoted to the analysis of the dental arch objects of 24 patients before and after the treatment using the distances between the canines and premolars as the features important for diagnostic purposes. Our work proved the advantage of measuring digitalized orthodontic models over manual measuring of plaster casts, with statistically significant results and accuracy sufficient for dental practice.CONCLUSION: A new method of computer imaging and measurements of a dental stone cast provides information with the precision required for orthodontic treatment. The results obtained point to the reduction in the variance of the distances between the premolars and canines during the treatment, with a regression coefficient RC=0.7 and confidence intervals close enough for dental practice. The ratio of these distances pointed to the nearly constant value of this measure close to 0.84 for the given set of 24 individuals.
|
['Casts, Surgical', 'Computer Simulation', 'Humans', 'Orthodontics', 'Regression Analysis', 'Software', 'Tooth']
| 24,893,983
|
[['E07.858.442.660.430.500', 'E07.858.690.725.430.500'], ['L01.224.160'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E06.658', 'H02.163.876.439'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['L01.224.900'], ['A14.549.167.860']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
N-terminal parathyroid hormone-related protein levels in human intrauterine growth restricted pregnancies.
|
BACKGROUND: N-terminal parathyroid hormone-related protein has a vital role in regulating cell growth and differentiation, uteroplacental vasodilatation, uterine muscle relaxation, and placental transport. These functions are compromised in intrauterine growth restriction. We aimed to investigate N-terminal parathyroid hormone-related protein concentrations in maternal, fetal, and neonatal plasma of intrauterine-growth-restricted and appropriate for gestational age pregnancies.METHODS: Plasma N-terminal parathyroid hormone-related protein levels were determined in 40 mothers and their 20 intrauterine-growth-restricted and 20 appropriate for gestational age singleton full-term fetuses and neonates on postnatal days 1 and 4.RESULTS: Fetal N-terminal parathyroid hormone-related protein levels were significantly lower in the intrauterine growth restriction group (b=1.166, 95%CI: 0.430-1.902, p=0.003) and correlated with the customized centiles of the infants (r=0.407, p=0.009). In the appropriate for gestational age group, neonatal day 1 N-terminal parathyroid hormone-related protein levels were significantly lower compared to maternal (p<0.001) and fetal (p=0.022) ones. Fetal and neonatal day 1 levels were significantly lower in males (b=-1.303, 95%CI: -2.508 to -0.097, p=0.036, and b=-0.802, 95%CI: -1.5 to -0.105, p=0.027, respectively). In the intrauterine growth restriction group, maternal N-terminal parathyroid hormone-related protein levels were significantly increased compared to fetal (p<0.001) and neonatal day 1 (p=0.001) levels.CONCLUSIONS: The reduced fetal N-terminal parathyroid hormone-related protein concentrations in intrauterine growth restriction may reflect compromised placental function and impaired fetal growth, suggesting that N-terminal parathyroid hormone-related protein may be involved in the pathogenesis of intrauterine growth restriction.
|
['Adult', 'Birth Weight', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Fetal Blood', 'Fetal Growth Retardation', 'Fetus', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein', 'Pregnancy']
| 17,653,879
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C23.888.144.186', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.186', 'E05.041.124.160.750.149', 'G07.100.100.160.120.186', 'G07.345.249.314.120.186'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['A12.207.152.200', 'A15.145.300', 'A16.378.200'], ['C13.703.277.370', 'C16.300.390', 'C23.550.393.450'], ['A16.378'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['D06.472.699.591', 'D12.644.276.908', 'D12.644.548.588', 'D12.776.467.890', 'D23.529.890'], ['G08.686.784.769']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
IkappaB kinase alpha kinase activity is required for self-renewal of ErbB2/Her2-transformed mammary tumor-initiating cells.
|
NF-kappaB is constitutively active in many solid tumors, including breast cancer. However, the role of NF-kappaB in breast carcinogenesis is unknown. Ikkalpha(AA/AA) "knockin" mice in which activation of IkappaB kinase alpha (IKKalpha) is prevented by replacement of activation loop serines with alanines exhibit delayed mammary gland growth during pregnancy, because IKKalpha activity is required for cyclin D1 induction and proliferation of lobuloalveolar epithelial cells. Given the role of cyclin D1 in breast and mammary cancer, we examined involvement of IKKalpha in mammary carcinogenesis induced by oncogenes or a chemical carcinogen, 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA). The Ikkalpha(AA) mutation retarded tumor development in response to either 7,12-dimethylbenzaanthracene or the MMTV-c-neu (ErbB2/Her2) transgene but had no effect on MMTV-v-Ha-ras-induced cancer, although both oncogenes rely on cyclin D1. Strikingly, primary Ikkalpha(AA/AA)/MMTV-c-neu carcinoma cells exhibited diminished self-renewal capacity, resulting in the inability to establish secondary tumors. Ikkalpha(AA/AA)/MMTV-c-neu carcinoma cells underwent premature senescence when cultured under conditions used for propagation of mammary gland stem cells. Thus, IKKalpha is not only a regulator of mammary epithelial proliferation, but is also an important contributor to ErbB2-induced oncogenesis, providing signals that maintain mammary tumor-initiating cells. IKKalpha may represent a novel and specific target for treatment of ErbB2-positive breast cancer.
|
['Animals', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Female', 'Genes, erbB-2', 'I-kappa B Kinase', 'Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Mammary Neoplasms, Animal', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'NF-kappa B', 'Precancerous Conditions']
| 17,890,319
|
[['B01.050'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['D12.776.157'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.500.791.295.305'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.494', 'D12.644.360.361', 'D12.776.476.378'], ['D12.644.360', 'D12.776.476'], ['C04.588.531', 'C22.520'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['C04.834']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Reach performance and postural adjustments during standing in children with severe spastic diplegia using dynamic ankle-foot orthoses.
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the co-ordination between reaching, ground reaction forces and muscle activity in standing children with severe spastic diplegia wearing dynamic ankle-foot orthoses compared with typically developing children.DESIGN: Clinical experimental study.SUBJECTS: Six children with spastic diplegia (Gross Motor Function Classification System level III-IV) and 6 controls.METHODS: Ground reaction forces (AMTI force plates), ankle muscle activity (electromyography and displacement of the hand (ELITE systems) were investigated while reaching for an object.RESULTS: For the children with severe spastic diplegia who were wearing dynamic ankle-foot orthoses, co-ordination between upward and forward reach velocity differed regarding the temporal sequencing and amplitude of velocity peaks. During reaching, these children lacked interplay of pushing force beneath the reach leg and braking force beneath the non-reach leg and co-ordinated ankle muscle activity, compared with controls.CONCLUSION: The results suggest differences in reach performance and postural adjustments for balance control during a reaching movement in standing between children with spastic diplegia Gross Motor Function Classification System level III-IV, wearing dynamic ankle-foot orthoses compared with typically developing children.
|
['Ankle', 'Cerebral Palsy', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Equipment Design', 'Foot', 'Humans', 'Motor Skills', 'Movement', 'Muscle Spasticity', 'Orthotic Devices', 'Posture']
| 17,999,010
|
[['A01.378.610.050'], ['C10.228.140.140.254'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.320'], ['A01.378.610.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.808.260'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['C05.651.512', 'C10.597.613.550.550', 'C23.888.592.608.550.550'], ['E07.858.442.743'], ['G11.427.695']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Morphological factors and cardiac doses in whole breast radiation for left-sided breast cancer.
|
BACKGROUND: To investigate the impact of the breast size, shape, maximum heart depth (MDH), and chest wall hypotenuse (the distance connecting middle point of the sternum and the length of lung draw on the selected transverse CT slice) on the volumetric dose to heart with whole breast irradiation (WBI) of left-sided breast cancer patients.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-three patients with left-sided breast cancer undergoing adjuvant intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) were enrolled in the study. The primary breast size and shape, MHD and DCWH (chest wall hypotenuse) were contoured on radiotherapy (RT) planning CT slices. The dose data of hearts were obtained from the dose-volume histograms (DVHs). Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Student's t-test and linear regression analysis.RESULTS: Breast size was independent of heart dose, whereas breast shape, MHD and DCWH were correlated with heart dose. The shapes of breasts were divided into four types, as the flap type, hemisphere type, cone type and pendulous type with heart mean dose being 491.8±234.6 cGy, 752.7±219.0 cGy, 620.2±275.7 cGy, and 666.1±238.0 cGy, respectively. The flap type of breasts shows a strong statistically reduction in heart dose, compared to others (p=0.008 for V30 of heart). DCWH and MHD were found to be the most important parameters correlating with heart dose in WBI.CONCLUSIONS: More attention should be paid to the heart dose of non-flap type patients. The MHD was found to be the most important parameter to correlate with heart dose in tangential WBI, closely followed by the DCWH, which could help radiation oncologists and physicsts evaluate heart dose and design RT plan in advance.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Breast', 'Female', 'Heart', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Radiation', 'Radiotherapy Dosage', 'Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated', 'Thorax', 'Unilateral Breast Neoplasms']
| 25,854,378
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A01.236'], ['A07.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G01.750'], ['E02.815.639'], ['E02.815.635.700.700', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.550.700'], ['A01.923.761'], ['C04.588.180.800', 'C17.800.090.500.682']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Highly conserved D-loop-like nuclear mitochondrial sequences (Numts) in tiger (Panthera tigris).
|
Using oligonucleotide primers designed to match hypervariable segments I (HVS-1) of Panthera tigris mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), we amplified two different PCR products (500 bp and 287 bp) in the tiger (Panthera tigris), but got only one PCR product (287 bp) in the leopard (Panthera pardus). Sequence analyses indicated that the sequence of 287 bp was a D-loop-like nuclear mitochondrial sequence (Numts), indicating a nuclear transfer that occurred approximately 4.8-17 million years ago in the tiger and 4.6-16 million years ago in the leopard. Although the mtDNA D-loop sequence has a rapid rate of evolution, the 287-bp Numts are highly conserved; they are nearly identical in tiger subspecies and only 1.742% different between tiger and leopard. Thus, such sequences represent molecular 'fossils' that can shed light on evolution of the mitochondrial genome and may be the most appropriate outgroup for phylogenetic analysis. This is also proved by comparing the phylogenetic trees reconstructed using the D-loop sequence of snow leopard and the 287-bp Numts as outgroup.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Complementarity Determining Regions', 'Conserved Sequence', 'DNA, Mitochondrial', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Genetic Variation', 'Mitochondria', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'NADH Dehydrogenase', 'Phylogeny', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Tigers']
| 17,072,079
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['D12.644.541.500.650.500.180', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680.650.500.180', 'D12.776.124.486.485.797.180', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680.650.500.180', 'D12.776.124.790.651.797.180', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680.650.500.180', 'D12.776.377.715.548.797.180', 'D12.776.543.750.705.816.824.300', 'G02.111.570.060.425.160'], ['G02.111.570.580'], ['D13.444.308.283.225'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['G05.365'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D08.811.682.608.504.500', 'D12.776.157.427.374.375.863.500', 'D12.776.331.887', 'D12.776.556.579.374.375.140.500'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['E05.393.751'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.600.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Factors associated with poorly-controlled hypertension in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients.
|
INTRODUCTION: Hypertension is highly prevalent among continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular complications. This study examines the risk factors associated with poorly-controlled hypertension in CAPD.METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study of 66 stable adult CAPD patients to evaluate their hypertension control over a period of three to four months and their associations with other clinical and laboratory parameters.RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 56.7 (plus or minus 1.27) years. Their mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 139 (plus or minus 2.59) mmHg and 77 (plus or minus 1.35) mmHg respectively; 71 percent of them were on antihypertensive drugs. Thirty (45.5 percent) patients had high blood pressure greater than 140/90mmHg. Compared with patients with normal blood pressure, patients with high blood pressure received significantly more antihypertensive drugs (p-value equals 0.034) and were more likely to be clinically overloaded (p-value less than 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that systolic blood pressure was predicted by volume expansion (p-value less than 0.001) while diastolic blood pressure was negatively predicted by age (p-value equals to 0.004). In addition, volume overload was predicted positively by dialysate/plasma creatinine (p-value equals 0.011) and negatively by serum albumin (p-value less than 0.001).CONCLUSION: Clinically-apparent volume overload was associated with poor systolic blood pressure control despite aggressive antihypertensive drug therapy. This finding underlines the importance of fluid control and could provide an explanation of the poor outcome observed in patients with high peritoneal transport.
|
['Adult', 'Antihypertensive Agents', 'Blood Volume', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Diet, Sodium-Restricted', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Compliance', 'Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory', 'Risk Factors', 'Risk-Taking']
| 15,510,323
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.411.162'], ['G09.188.130', 'G09.330.380.092'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E02.642.249.290', 'G07.203.650.240.290'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.600', 'F01.145.488.887.500.600', 'N05.300.150.800.500.600'], ['E02.760.106.500', 'E02.870.300.650.500', 'E02.912.800.650.500', 'N02.421.585.106.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.722']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Ca(2+) spiking activity caused by the activation of store-operated Ca(2+) channels mediates TNF-á release from microglial cells under chronic purinergic stimulation.
|
Cytokines released from microglia mediate defensive responses in the brain, but the underlying mechanisms are obscure. One proposed process is that nucleotide leakage or release from surrounding cells is sensed by metabotropic (P2Y) and ionotropic (P2X) purinergic receptors, which may trigger long-term intracellular Ca(2+) flux and tumor necrosis factor á (TNF-á) release. Indeed, 3h of exposure to ATP was required to evoke TNF-á release from a murine microglial cell line (MG5). A Ca(2+) chelator, ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA), reduced ATP-induced TNF-á release, suggesting that intracellular Ca(2+) is important in this response. Therefore, Ca(2+) sensor genes (YC3.6) were transfected into MG5 cells to investigate the Ca(2+) dynamics underlying ATP-induced TNF-á release. The results demonstrated ATP-induced biphasic Ca(2+) mobilization mediated by P2Y (~5min) and P2X7 receptors (5-30min). Moreover, Ca(2+) spiking activity in cell processes progressively increased with a reduction in P2X7 receptor-mediated Ca(2+) elevation during 3-h ATP stimulation. Increased Ca(2+) spiking activity paralleled the reduction in thapsigargin-sensitive internal Ca(2+) stores, dendrite extension, and expression of macrophage scavenger receptors with collagenous structure. The Ca(2+) spiking activity was enhanced by a P2X7 receptor antagonist (A438079), but inhibited by a store-operated channel antagonist (SKF96365) or by co-transfection of small interference ribonucleic acid (siRNA) targeted on the channel component (Orai1). Furthermore, ATP-induced TNF-á release was enhanced by A438079 but was inhibited by SKF96365. Because store-operated channels (Stim1/Orai1) were expressed both in MG5 and primary microglial cultures, we suggest that P2X7 receptor signaling inhibits store-operated channels during ATP stimulation, and disinhibition of this process gates TNF-á release from microglial cells.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Adenoviridae', 'Animals', 'Calcium', 'Calcium Channels', 'Calcium Signaling', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Survival', 'Cytosol', 'Dendrites', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Intracellular Space', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Microglia', 'Models, Biological', 'Purinergic P2X Receptor Antagonists', 'Pyridines', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Receptors, Purinergic P2X7', 'Tetrazoles', 'Transfection', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 23,830,920
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['B04.280.030'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.150', 'D12.776.543.550.450.150', 'D12.776.543.585.400.150'], ['G02.111.820.800.100', 'G03.143.500.100', 'G04.835.800.100'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.346'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['A08.675.256', 'A11.284.180.225', 'A11.671.240'], ['E05.393.332'], ['A10.082.750', 'A11.284.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['A08.637.400', 'A11.650.400'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D27.505.519.625.725.400.200.100', 'D27.505.696.577.725.400.200.100'], ['D03.383.725'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.750.700', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.600.700', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.600.700', 'D12.776.543.750.695.700.720.250.700', 'D12.776.543.750.720.700.720.500.700'], ['D03.383.129.617'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A retrospective analysis in patients with EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma: is EGFR mutation associated with a higher incidence of brain metastasis?
|
Lung adenocarcinomas are more commonly associated with brain metastases (BM). Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations have been demonstrated to be both predictive and prognostic for patients with lung adenocarcinoma. We aimed to explore the potential association between EGFR mutation and the risk of BM in pulmonary adenocarcinoma patients. Data of 234 patients from 2007 to 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 108 patients had EGFR mutations in the entire cohort. Among them, 76 patients developed BM during their disease course. The incidence of BM was statistically higher in patients with EGFR mutations both at initial diagnosis (P=0.014) and at last follow-up (P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that EGFR mutation significantly increased the risk of BM at initial diagnosis (OR=2.515, P=0.022). In patients without BM at initial diagnosis, the accumulative rate of subsequent BM was significantly higher with EGFR mutations (P=0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified EGFR mutation as the only independent risk factor for subsequent BM (HR=3.036, P=0.001). Patients with EGFR mutations demonstrated longer overall survival (OS) after BM diagnosis than patients with wild-type EGFR (P=0.028). Our data suggest that EGFR mutation is an independent predictive and prognostic risk factor for BM and a positive predictive factor for OS in patients with BM.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adenocarcinoma of Lung', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'ErbB Receptors', 'Exons', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Mutation', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Prognosis', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors']
| 27,486,770
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.022', 'C04.588.894.797.520.055'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['G05.365.590'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Conversion of sunflower oil to biodiesel by alcoholysis using immobilized lipase.
|
Transesterification reaction was performed using sunflower oil and short-chain alcohol by immobilized lipases in organic solvents. The fatty acid ester, which is the product of this reaction, can be used as a diesel fuel that does not produce sulfur oxide and minimize the soot particulate. Immobilized porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL) and Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) showed the satisfactory activity in these reactions. Immobilization of lipases was carried out using inorganic absorbance Celit 545 particle as a carrier. Organic solvent like hexane in reactions was required when methanol and ethanol were used as alcoholic substrate. The reaction could be performed in absence of solvent when 1-propanol and 1-butanol were used as short-chain alcohol. The activities of immobilized lipases were highly increased in comparison with free lipases because its activity sites became more effective. Immobilized enzyme could be repeatedly used without difficult method of separation and the decrease in its activity was not largely observed.
|
['Alcohols', 'Allosteric Site', 'Animals', 'Candida', 'Catalysis', 'Diatomaceous Earth', 'Enzyme Reactivators', 'Enzyme Stability', 'Enzymes, Immobilized', 'Esterification', 'Fatty Acids', 'Gasoline', 'Pancrelipase', 'Plant Oils', 'Substrate Specificity', 'Sunflower Oil', 'Swine']
| 18,437,590
|
[['D02.033'], ['G02.111.570.120.147'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.300.107.795.095', 'B01.300.381.147', 'B01.300.930.176'], ['G02.130'], ['D01.578.750.300', 'D01.650.550.825.400', 'D01.837.725.400'], ['D27.505.519.405'], ['E05.916.360', 'G02.111.700.500'], ['D08.811.180', 'D12.776.463.500'], ['G02.111.270', 'G02.607.250', 'G03.344'], ['D10.251'], ['D20.345.630.540', 'N06.230.132.258.630.540'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.400.745', 'D20.777.500.745'], ['D10.627.700', 'D20.215.784.750'], ['G02.111.835'], ['D20.215.784.750.910'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Cognitive rehabilitation for executive dysfunction in brain tumor patients: a pilot randomized controlled trial.
|
PURPOSE: Patients with brain tumors face unique quality of life challenges. Executive dysfunction is common and functionally limiting, with no established treatments as standard care. This pilot study evaluated the efficacy of Goal Management Training (GMT), a behavioral intervention combining mindfulness and strategy training, for improving executive and real-life functioning in this population.METHODS: Twenty-five primary brain tumor survivors were randomized to GMT, an active control (Brain Health Program, BHP), or a wait-list (WAIT) control group. The BHP was a supportive care intervention offering education and activities to promote general brain health, without cognitive strategy training. Participants in GMT and BHP completed eight individual sessions and homework between sessions; those in WAIT received usual care. Assessments at baseline, immediately post-training, and 4-month follow-up used a battery of objective and subjective measures, including functional goal attainment.RESULTS: Adherence (% sessions completed) was high for both GMT (98.9%) and BHP (84.4%). Executive functions improved with GMT but not BHP or WAIT (repeated measures analysis of variance, time-by-group interaction, post-training P = 0.077, follow-up P = 0.046). Both intervention groups reported fewer cognitive concerns at post-training (P = 0.049) and follow-up (P < 0.001). Functional goal attainment was greatest with GMT (post-training P = 0.027, follow-up P = 0.064).CONCLUSIONS: GMT improved executive and real-life functioning in brain tumor survivors, with gains maintained at 4-month follow-up. Clinical implementation of this adaptable program merits consideration for clinically stable patients with cognitive dysfunction. Further development and larger prospective cognitive rehabilitation trials appear warranted.
|
['Adult', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cognition Disorders', 'Cognitive Behavioral Therapy', 'Executive Function', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pilot Projects', 'Quality of Life', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 30,847,839
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['F03.615.250'], ['F04.754.137.350'], ['F02.463.217'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Skeletal muscle oxygen availability during respiratory acid-base disturbances in cats.
|
Respiratory acid-base disorders elicit physiological responses that alter O2 delivery to various tissues. We have used a near infrared (NIR) optical technique to monitor cytochrome a,a3 oxidation state, tissue O2 store (relative hemoglobin plus myoglobin oxygenation), and regional blood volume in intact resting skeletal muscle during respiratory acid-base disturbances in anesthetized cats. Hypercapnic acidosis and hypocapnic alkalosis were produced in separate groups of animals by ventilation with increasing concentrations of CO2 (n = 13) or hyperventilation (n = 8). Respiratory acidosis decreased oxygen availability to hindlimb muscle while respiratory alkalosis did not change tissue oxygenation. Inspired CO2 progressively decreased muscle blood volume, cytochrome a,a3 oxidation level, and muscle oxygen store. These optical responses were greatly attenuated both by pre-treatment with bretylium and by hemorrhagic hypotension, suggesting mediation through sympathetic vasoconstriction. Metabolic acidosis, produced by intravenous HCl infusion (n = 8), did not reproduce the hindlimb optical responses mediated by CO2. These experiments demonstrate that hypercapnic acidosis significantly decreases oxygen supply to resting skeletal muscle in the anesthetized cat, probably via neuroregulatory responses to CO2 which do not depend on changes in arterial [H+] in the tested pH range.
|
['Acidosis, Respiratory', 'Alkalosis, Respiratory', 'Animals', 'Blood Circulation', 'Blood Gas Analysis', 'Blood Pressure', 'Cats', 'Electron Transport Complex IV', 'Female', 'Hemoglobins', 'Hindlimb', 'Hypercapnia', 'Male', 'Muscles', 'Myoglobin', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Oxygen Consumption']
| 2,823,360
|
[['C08.618.846.093', 'C18.452.076.176.310'], ['C08.618.501.271', 'C18.452.076.354.271'], ['B01.050'], ['G09.330.100'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.100', 'E01.370.386.700.100', 'E05.200.124.100.100'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['D05.500.562.374', 'D08.811.600.250.687', 'D08.811.682.285', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.875.304', 'D12.776.543.277.687', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.875.484'], ['D12.776.124.400', 'D12.776.422.316.762'], ['A13.473'], ['C23.888.852.544'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['D12.776.210.500.588', 'D12.776.422.316.940'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['G03.680']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Histochemical and fluorescent techniques for detection of early myocardial ischemia following experimental coronary artery occlusion: a comparative and quantitative study.
|
Several workers have used histochemical, enzymatic, and fluorescent methods to diagnose early myocardial ischemia, but the problem of unequivocal detection of early ischemia still remains an enigma to pathologists. In the present study, the left coronary artery was ligated in an animal model, rat, in order to produce myocardial ischemia at different time intervals, from five minutes to six hours. Fluorescent techniques and tetrazolium staining of myocardial succinic dehydrogenases have been used to detect onset of ischemia with the purpose of identifying a sensitive technique for use in routine pathologic specimens. Nitroso-blue tetrazolium and triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining of myocardium showed loss of dehydrogenases within five to twenty minutes of ligation of the coronary artery. This loss was consistent and progressively increased at longer time intervals, the mean ischemic area mapped being 25.74 mm2 and 66.87 mm2 at five to twenty minutes and six hours respectively. Such comparison of ischemic area of myocardium at different time intervals has not been reported earlier. Autofluorescence in formalin-fixed, hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections showed positive fluorescence only after fifty to seventy-five minutes of ischemia and was patchy in distribution in the left ventricular wall even up to six hours of ligation. Examination of myocardium under fluorescent light after acridine orange staining proved to be more sensitive than autofluorescence for detecting ischemia. At five to twenty minutes, the mean ischemic area was 18.67 mm2 and by six hours it increased to 27.48 mm2.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Acridine Orange', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Female', 'Fluorescence', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Male', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Myocardium', 'Necrosis', 'Nitroblue Tetrazolium', 'Oxidoreductases', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Staining and Labeling', 'Tetrazolium Salts', 'Time Factors']
| 2,450,489
|
[['D03.633.300.046.250.150'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665.500', 'G01.590.540.665.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['C23.550.717'], ['D03.383.129.617.700.500'], ['D08.811.682'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670', 'E05.200.500.620.670', 'E05.200.750.600.670'], ['D03.383.129.617.700'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Bactericidal properties of Campylobacter jejuni-specific immunoglobulin M antibodies in commercial immunoglobulin preparations.
|
Campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common enterocolitis-causing microorganisms worldwide. It is of particular importance in immunodeficient patients, who frequently are prone to develop extraintestinal manifestations. Since these cases respond poorly to antibiotic treatment, a supportive immunomodulating therapy including the administration of C. jejuni-specific immunoglobulins would be desirable. In the present study, nine commercial immunoglobulin preparations for intravenous use were tested for the presence of C. jejuni lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and outer membrane protein (OMP)-specific antibodies by using immunoblot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques. The immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody reactivities against these antigens were comparable in eight of nine tested immunoglobulin preparations. Only in one preparation were C. jejuni OMP- and LPS-specific IgM antibodies found. In this preparation the immunoblot test revealed a strong reactivity against both flagellin and a major OMP. Moreover, all immunoglobulin preparations recognized OMPs of C. jejuni serotypes Lior 4, 9, 11, and 29 equally strongly, while the reactivity to an anti-Lior 36 isolate was less marked. Furthermore, the bactericidal properties of three immunoglobulin preparations were tested by means of chemiluminescence signaling in and bacterial killing by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL). The results show that the IgM preparation enhanced Campylobacter-triggered chemiluminescence signaling in PMNL as well as killing of C. jejuni by PMNL, while the other immunoglobulin preparations did not do so. These results suggest that the administration of immunoglobulin preparations containing C. jejuni-specific IgM antibodies would be beneficial for patients with severe C. jejuni infections.
|
['Antibodies, Bacterial', 'Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins', 'Campylobacter jejuni', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Humans', 'Immunoblotting', 'Immunoglobulin M', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Luminescent Measurements', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Neutrophils', 'Serotyping']
| 8,540,699
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.107', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.125'], ['D12.776.097.120', 'D12.776.543.100'], ['B03.440.180.425', 'B03.660.150.235.250.500.375'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.320', 'E05.601.470.320'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.574', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.574', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.574'], ['E05.481'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['E05.196.712.516'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['E01.370.225.812.742', 'E01.370.225.875.150.125.890', 'E05.200.812.742', 'E05.200.875.150.125.890', 'E05.478.594.780']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Embolization of orbital varices with N-butyl cyanoacrylate as an aid in surgical excision: results of 4 cases with histopathologic examination.
|
PURPOSE: To report the results of intervention with percutaneously injected n-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) to embolize orbital varices followed by surgical resection.DESIGN: Retrospective case series.METHODS: Four patients with symptomatic orbital varices were treated with percutaneous injection of NBCA to embolize the varicosity before surgical resection. Intervention was indicated because of progressive orbital pain attributed to orbital varices. Three of the 4 described cases were associated with severe episodic proptosis. The vision was not affected by the orbital varix in any of the cases before intervention. Radiographic guidance was used during injection of the NBCA. Surgical resection was undertaken via orbitotomy immediately after embolization. The resected tissue was submitted for histopathologic evaluation.RESULTS: Follow-up after surgery ranged from 7 to 19 months. All of the patients experienced relief of orbital pain. All patients noted transient binocular diplopia in extremes of gaze after the procedure, which resolved spontaneously. No patients had diplopia in primary gaze. No patient lost vision as a result of the procedure. There was no difficulty with procedure-related hemostasis in any of the cases.CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneously injected NBCA seems to be useful and safe as an aid in visualization and hemorrhage prevention during surgical resection of symptomatic orbital varices.
|
['Adult', 'Embolization, Therapeutic', 'Enbucrilate', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Orbit', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler', 'Varicose Veins']
| 19,541,289
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E02.520.360', 'E02.926.500'], ['D02.241.081.069.366.350', 'D02.626.290.350', 'D05.750.259.341', 'D25.720.259.341', 'D25.919.367.341', 'J01.637.051.720.259.341', 'J01.637.051.919.367.341'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.690'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.370.350.850.850'], ['C14.907.927']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Color-coded duplex sonography of experimentally induced multilevel stenosis. Evaluation of poststenotic Doppler spectrum.
|
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The authors evaluated the influence of a proximal arterial stenosis on the poststenotic doppler spectrum of a second, distal stenosis and determined duplex parameters, which permitted description of the severity of the distal stenosis.METHODS: Moderate (ie, 50%) and severe (ie, 90%) stenoses of the distal aorta and the distal iliac arteries of 10 pigs were created surgically and characterized by angiography. All possible combinations of moderate and severe stenoses were examined. The Doppler spectrum was depicted in the distal iliac and distal femoral arteries of both limbs and analyzed by use of maximum and minimum flow velocity (Vmax, Vmin), acceleration index (modified Handa index), acceleration time, and pulsatility index.RESULTS: In cases of moderate as well as severe proximal stenosis, acceleration index, acceleration time, and pulsatility index of the poststenotic curve of the distal stenosis were significantly reduced (P < 0.05). Independent of the severity of the proximal stenosis, differentiation of moderate as well as severe distal stenosis was possible (P < 0.05) with these parameters.CONCLUSIONS: Despite interference of spectral curves in proximal and distal stenosis, duplex sonography enabled the differentiation of experimental aortic iliac multilevel stenosis.
|
['Animals', 'Aorta', 'Arterial Occlusive Diseases', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Female', 'Femoral Artery', 'Iliac Artery', 'Swine', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex']
| 9,228,604
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056'], ['C14.907.137'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['A07.015.114.351'], ['A07.015.114.444'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['E01.370.350.850.850.850.850'], ['E01.370.350.850.850.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
'Whore stigma' as a transformative experience: altered cognitive expectations among Jewish-Israeli street-based sex workers.
|
While the scholarship on sex work is substantial, it neglects to explore whether sex work and associated stigma affect sex workers' cognitive expectations. Drawing on observations of street-based sex work as well as in-depth interviews with Jewish-Israeli sex workers, this study suggests that because stigma is a moral experience that threatens and often destroys what really matters to stigmatised individuals, it leads to recurrent disappointments, which, in turn, may alter sex workers' cognitive expectations. Sex workers learn to see certain life goals, including maintaining healthy social relationships and a workspace free of violence and humiliation, as unobtainable. However, they also begin to see other aspects of their lives, such as economic autonomy, as achievable through sex work. Tracing how whore stigma becomes a transformative experience allows us to add another layer to the heretofore suggested link between the structural, cultural and individual aspects of stigmatisation.
|
['Adult', 'Anthropology, Cultural', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Israel', 'Jews', 'Middle Aged', 'Qualitative Research', 'Sex Workers', 'Social Stigma', 'Violence']
| 28,276,917
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['I01.076.201'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['Z01.252.245.500.375'], ['M01.686.754.600'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['H01.770.644.241.850'], ['M01.776'], ['F01.145.813.840'], ['I01.198.240.856', 'I01.880.735.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Exact sequence variants should replace operational taxonomic units in marker-gene data analysis.
|
Recent advances have made it possible to analyze high-throughput marker-gene sequencing data without resorting to the customary construction of molecular operational taxonomic units (OTUs): clusters of sequencing reads that differ by less than a fixed dissimilarity threshold. New methods control errors sufficiently such that amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) can be resolved exactly, down to the level of single-nucleotide differences over the sequenced gene region. The benefits of finer resolution are immediately apparent, and arguments for ASV methods have focused on their improved resolution. Less obvious, but we believe more important, are the broad benefits that derive from the status of ASVs as consistent labels with intrinsic biological meaning identified independently from a reference database. Here we discuss how these features grant ASVs the combined advantages of closed-reference OTUs-including computational costs that scale linearly with study size, simple merging between independently processed data sets, and forward prediction-and of de novo OTUs-including accurate measurement of diversity and applicability to communities lacking deep coverage in reference databases. We argue that the improvements in reusability, reproducibility and comprehensiveness are sufficiently great that ASVs should replace OTUs as the standard unit of marker-gene analysis and reporting.
|
['Bacteria', 'Classification', 'Databases, Nucleic Acid', 'Genetic Variation', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA']
| 28,731,476
|
[['B03'], ['L01.100', 'L01.453.245.275'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.300.500', 'L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.325.630', 'L01.470.750.750.300.500', 'L01.470.750.750.325.630'], ['G05.365'], ['E05.393.760.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Erythrocyte folate content and serum folic acid and homocysteine levels in preeclamptic primigravidae teenagers living at high altitude.
|
OBJECTIVE: To measure erythrocyte folate content and serum folic acid and homocysteine (Hcy) levels in preeclamptic primigravidae teenagers living at high altitude.METHODS: Measured analytes were compared to those found in normal teen controls.RESULTS: Teenagers complicated with preeclampsia displayed significantly lower hematocrit and erythrocyte folic acid levels with higher serum Hcy levels as compared to controls (36.40 ± 4.90 vs. 38.99 ± 2.89 %, 493.80 ± 237.30 vs. 589.90 ± 210.60 ng/mL, and 7.29 ± 2.52 vs. 5.97 ± 1.41 ìmol/L, respectively, p < 0.05). There was a non-significant trend for lower serum folic acid levels among preeclampsia teenagers. Serum and erythrocyte folic acid levels positively correlated in preeclampsia teenagers, and levels of both analytes inversely correlated with Hcy levels.CONCLUSION: This pilot study found that teenagers complicated with preeclampsia living at higher altitude displayed lower erythrocyte folate content in addition to higher serum Hcy levels. More research is warranted to determine the clinical implications of these findings.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Altitude', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Erythrocytes', 'Female', 'Folic Acid', 'Gravidity', 'Hematocrit', 'Homocysteine', 'Humans', 'Pilot Projects', 'Pre-Eclampsia', 'Pregnancy', 'Young Adult']
| 23,609,037
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G16.500.275.058', 'N06.230.058'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.400'], ['G08.686.340', 'G08.686.784.769.213', 'N06.850.490.812.250'], ['E01.370.225.625.400', 'E05.200.625.400', 'G09.188.370.374'], ['D02.886.030.498', 'D12.125.166.498'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['C13.703.395.249'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Analysis of the mutational spectrum of the FGFR2 gene in Pfeiffer syndrome.
|
Pfeiffer syndrome (PS) is one of the classical craniosynostosis syndromes correlated with specific mutations in the human fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) genes, FGFR1 and FGFR2. In this study, we set out to examine the exons in FGFR2 most commonly associated with mutations in PS, exons IIIa and IIIc, in a panel of 78 unrelated individuals with PS by the most sensitive method (direct DNA sequencing). We have identified a total of 18 different mutations among 40 patients; eight of these mutations have not been previously described. The mutational spectrum displays a non-random character with the frequent involvement of cysteine codons.
|
['Acrocephalosyndactylia', 'Alternative Splicing', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Amino Acid Substitution', 'Codon', 'Cysteine', 'Exons', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'Mutation, Missense', 'Point Mutation', 'Protein Conformation', 'Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1', 'Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2', 'Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor']
| 10,394,936
|
[['C05.116.099.370.894.232.015', 'C05.116.099.370.894.819.100', 'C05.660.207.240.100', 'C05.660.585.800.100', 'C05.660.906.364.100', 'C05.660.906.819.100', 'C16.131.621.207.240.100', 'C16.131.621.585.800.100', 'C16.131.621.906.364.100', 'C16.131.621.906.819.100'], ['G02.111.760.700.100', 'G03.839.700.100', 'G05.308.700.700.100'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['E05.393.420.601.035', 'G05.558.109'], ['D13.444.735.544.355', 'G05.360.335.355', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.190'], ['D02.886.030.230', 'D02.886.489.155', 'D12.125.154.299', 'D12.125.166.230'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.365.590.650'], ['G05.365.590.675'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400', 'D12.776.543.750.630'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.177', 'D12.776.543.750.630.440', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.370.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.178', 'D12.776.543.750.630.441', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.370.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.750.400.370']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Examining the validity of DSM-III-R schizoaffective disorder and its putative subtypes in the Roscommon Family Study.
|
OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to assess whether the DSM-III-R category of schizoaffective disorder differs meaningfully from schizophrenia and affective illness in clinical features, outcome, and familial psychopathology. In addition, the authors evaluated the validity of two proposed subtyping systems for schizoaffective disorder: 1) bipolar versus depressive (based on presence or absence of a full manic syndrome in the past) and 2) good versus poor interepisode recovery.METHOD: In the epidemiologically based Roscommon Family Study, index probands with diagnoses of schizophrenia or affective illness were selected from a case registry. Personal interviews were conducted with 88% of traceable, living probands and 86% of traceable, living first-degree relatives.RESULTS: Probands with schizoaffective disorder differed significantly from both those with schizophrenia and those with affective illness on lifetime psychotic symptoms as well as on outcome and negative symptoms assessed as follow-up. Relatives of probands with schizoaffective disorder had significantly higher rates of affective illness than relatives of schizophrenic probands and significantly higher rates of schizophrenia than relatives of probands with affective illness. Probands with bipolar and depressive schizoaffective disorder did not differ substantially with respect to psychotic symptoms, negative symptoms, outcome, or family history. Schizoaffective disorder probands with good interepisode recovery had fewer negative symptoms and a better outcome than those with poor recovery, but there were no significant differences in family history. Both the epidemiologic and family data are consistent with the hypothesis that schizoaffective disorder results from the co-occurrence of a high liability to both schizophrenia and affective illness.CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of the validators examined, DSM-III-R criteria for schizoaffective disorder define a syndrome that differs meaningfully from both schizophrenia and affective illness. The division of schizoaffective disorder into bipolar and depressive subtypes was, however, not validated. The separation of schizoaffective disorder into subtypes based on level of interepisode recovery defined subtypes that differed clinically but not with respect to familial psychopathology.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Bipolar Disorder', 'Comorbidity', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Family', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Ireland', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Psychotic Disorders', 'Registries', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenic Psychology', 'Terminology as Topic']
| 7,726,316
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F03.084.500'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['F03.600.300'], ['E01.171'], ['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.467', 'Z01.639.587'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['F03.700.675'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['F03.700.750'], ['F04.824'], ['L01.559.598.400']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Melatonin for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease; protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.
|
BACKGROUND: Melatonin generated in the gastrointestinal tract has mucosal protective effect with inhibiting gastric acid secretion, while increasing gastrin release, which in turn stimulates the contractility of lower esophageal sphincter. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is also known to have association with sleep disturbance. However, melatonin or melatonin receptor agonist has not been included in the treatment of GERD. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of melatonin for the treatment of GERD.METHODS: We will search the core databases [MEDLINE (through PubMed), the Cochrane Library, and Embase] from their inception to December 2018 by 2 independent evaluators. The P.I.C.O. is as follows; Patients: who have GERD, Intervention: melatonin or melatonin receptor agonist treatment, Comparison: patients without melatonin or melatonin receptor agonist treatment, Outcome: clinical indices (or crude number or proportion of improvement) for the evaluation of symptomatic improvement which enable comparison of efficacy between patients with melatonin or melatonin receptor agonist and the control group. All types of study design will be sought with full-text will be included. The risk of bias will be assessed using the ROBINS-I tool. Descriptive data synthesis is planned and quantitative synthesis will be used if the included studies are sufficiently homogenous. Publication bias will be assessed with quantitative analyses if more than 10 articles are enrolled.RESULTS: The results will provide evidence for the efficacy of melatonin or melatonin receptor agonist for the treatment of GERD.CONCLUSION: This study will provide evidence of melatonin or melatonin receptor agonist treatment for GERD.
|
['Central Nervous System Depressants', 'Gastroesophageal Reflux', 'Humans', 'Melatonin', 'Meta-Analysis as Topic', 'Receptors, Melatonin', 'Research Design', 'Systematic Reviews as Topic', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 30,681,611
|
[['D27.505.696.277', 'D27.505.954.427.210'], ['C06.405.117.119.500.484'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.473.914.481', 'D06.472.506'], ['E05.318.370.500', 'E05.581.500.501', 'N05.715.360.325.515', 'N06.850.520.445.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.440', 'D12.776.826.590'], ['E05.581.500', 'H01.770.644.728'], ['L01.178.682.759.575'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Pulsed radio frequency therapy of experimentally induced arthritis in ponies.
|
The effect of pulsed radio frequency therapy (PRFT) was evaluated on seven ponies with no arthritis and in 28 ponies in which arthritis was created using intra-articular amphotericin B to induce synovitis in the right middle carpal joint. The ponies were divided into five treatment and two control groups. Two levels of arthritis were created and two dosage levels of PRFT were evaluated. The effect of PRFT on arthritic and nonarthritic joints was measured by comparing synovial fluid parameters, the degree and duration of lameness, the range of carpal motion, and carpus circumference, for treated and untreated groups. Lesions seen radiographically, at gross pathology, and by histopathology were also compared between the treated and control groups. In the ponies with a mild form of induced arthritis, PRFT significantly (p less than 0.05) reduced the severity and duration of lameness, swelling of the carpus, and the severity of gross pathological and radiographic changes. In these ponies the synovial acid phosphatase levels were lower, the mucin clot quality was superior, and the synovial protein levels were lower for the ponies receiving PRFT as compared to the arthritic ponies receiving no treatment. A dose response effect was evident. In ponies with a slightly more severe form of arthritis, PRFT was evaluated at one dosage level. The treated ponies were significantly improved over the untreated ponies with respect to carpal range of motion, degree of lameness, carpus swelling, and radiographic lesions. No deleterious effects were noted when normal, PRFT treated, middle carpal joints were compared to contralateral untreated, normal joints. It was concluded that significant beneficial effects resulted when affected ponies were treated with PRFT.
|
['Animals', 'Arthritis', 'Carpus, Animal', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation', 'Horse Diseases', 'Horses', 'Lameness, Animal', 'Radio Waves']
| 1,884,288
|
[['B01.050'], ['C05.550.114'], ['A13.395.248'], ['E05.799.513.500', 'G01.750.740.500', 'G04.712.500', 'G07.225', 'G07.738.500', 'N06.850.810.250.180'], ['C22.488'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472'], ['C22.510'], ['G01.358.500.505.810', 'G01.750.250.810', 'G01.750.770.721']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola can be separated into two genetic lineages distinguished by the possession of the phaseolotoxin biosynthetic cluster.
|
The bean (Phaseolus spp.) plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola is characterized by the ability to produce phaseolotoxin (Tox(+)). We recently reported that the majority of the Spanish P. syringae pv. phaseolicola population is unable to synthesize this toxin (Tox(-)). These Tox(-) isolates appear to lack the entire DNA region for the biosynthesis of phaseolotoxin (argK-tox gene cluster), as shown by PCR amplification and DNA hybridization using DNA sequences specific for separated genes of this cluster. Tox(+) and Tox(-) isolates also showed genomic divergence that included differences in ERIC-PCR and arbitrarily primed-PCR profiles. Tox(+) isolates showed distinct patterns of IS801 genomic insertions and contained a chromosomal IS801 insertion that was absent from Tox(-) isolates. Using a heteroduplex mobility assay, sequence differences were observed only among the intergenic transcribed spacer of the five rDNA operons of the Tox(-) isolates. The techniques used allowed the unequivocal differentiation of isolates of P. syringae pv. phaseolicola from the closely related soybean (Glycine max) pathogen, P. syringae pv. glycinea. Finally, a pathogenicity island that is essential for the pathogenicity of P. syringae pv. phaseolicola on beans appears to be conserved among Tox(+), but not among Tox(-) isolates, which also lacked the characteristic large plasmid that carries this pathogenicity island. It is proposed that the results presented here justify the separation of the Tox(+) and Tox(-) P. syringae pv. phaseolicola isolates into two distinct genetic lineages, designated Pph1 and Pph2, respectively, that show relevant genomic differences that include the pathogenicity gene complement.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Conserved Sequence', 'DNA Primers', 'Exotoxins', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Multigene Family', 'Ornithine', 'Phylogeny', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Pseudomonas syringae']
| 14,766,926
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.570.580'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D23.946.350'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['D12.125.068.665', 'D12.125.095.765'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.770', 'B03.660.250.580.590.770']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Biomolecule-quantum dot systems for bioconjugation applications.
|
In the present work, it is reported for the first time the bioconjugation of CdS quantum dots (QDs) directly with bovine serum albumin (BSA) using a one-step procedure via aqueous route at room temperature by methods of colloidal chemistry. Essentially, the bioconjugates were developed based on BSA as capping ligand for the nucleation and stabilization of CdS nanoparticles using cadmium perchlorate and thioacetamide as precursors. UV-visible spectroscopy was used to characterize the kinetics and the relative stability of CdS nanoparticles. The CdS nanocrystals were produced with the calculated average particle size below 4.0 nm, indicating they were in the so-called "quantum-size confinement range". The results have clearly indicated that BSA was effective on nucleating and stabilizing the colloidal CdS quantum dots.
|
['Animals', 'Cadmium Compounds', 'Cattle', 'Colloids', 'Models, Biological', 'Nanoparticles', 'Quantum Dots', 'Serum Albumin, Bovine', 'Sulfides']
| 21,353,498
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.142'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D20.280', 'D26.255.165'], ['E05.599.395'], ['J01.637.512.600'], ['E07.705', 'J01.637.512.600.650'], ['D12.776.034.841.540', 'D12.776.124.727.875'], ['D01.248.497.158.874', 'D01.875.350.850', 'D02.886.520']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sanguinarine as a potent and specific inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2C in vitro and induces apoptosis via phosphorylation of p38 in HL60 cells.
|
Sanguinarine, a plant alkaloid, was identified as a potent and specific protein phosphatase (PP) 2C inhibitor. It inhibited PP2C competitively with respect to alpha-casein (Ki=0.68 microM) and showed selectivity for PP2C as compared with PP1, PP2A, and PP2B in vitro. In vivo, sanguinarine showed cytotoxicity toward human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL60, with an IC(50) value of 0.37 microM, and induced apoptosis through a caspase-3/7-dependent mechanism involving the phosphorylation of p38, a PP2Calpha substrate. The apoptosis activity induced by sanguinarine was partially inhibited by a p38 inhibitor, SB203580, and was involved in the phospho-p38 protein in HL60 cells.
|
['Apoptosis', 'Benzophenanthridines', 'Caspase 3', 'Caspase 7', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'HL-60 Cells', 'Humans', 'Imidazoles', 'Isoquinolines', 'Phosphoprotein Phosphatases', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Phosphatase 2C', 'Pyridines', 'p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases']
| 20,208,361
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['D03.132.089', 'D03.633.300.633.207', 'D03.633.400.131'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126.350.300', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126.350.300', 'D12.644.360.075.405.350.300', 'D12.776.476.075.405.350.300'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126.350.700', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126.350.700', 'D12.644.360.075.405.350.700', 'D12.776.476.075.405.350.700'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['A11.251.210.190.465', 'A11.251.860.180.465', 'A11.627.340.360.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.383.129.308'], ['D03.633.100.531'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.625'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.625.716'], ['D03.383.725'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.843', 'D12.644.360.450.835', 'D12.776.476.450.835']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Treatment and prevention of relapse of mild oesophagitis with omeprazole and cisapride: comparison of two strategies.
|
BACKGROUND: Oesophagitis is usually a chronic condition. Healing with omeprazole is often followed by early relapse. Combination treatment and subsequent maintenance treatment with the prokinetic cisapride may be of benefit in relapse prevention.METHODS: Patients with endoscopically proven oesophagitis, grade I (n = 120) or grade II (n = 105), were randomized in an open fashion to receive 8 weeks of healing treatment with omeprazole 20 mg daily (OM) followed by 12 months of follow-up without maintenance treatment, or 8 weeks of combined treatment of omeprazole 20 mg daily plus cisapride 5 mg t.d.s. (OMCIS) followed by 12 months of maintenance treatment with cisapride 5 mg t.d.s. (CIS). Only the patients healed after acute treatment were included in the 12-month follow-up study for evaluation of endoscopic relapse.RESULTS: In the group of patients with oesophagitis grade I (n = 58 receiving OM, n = 62 receiving OMCIS), healing rates were comparable for both acute treatment regimens. In the group of patients with grade II (n = 54 receiving OM, n = 51 receiving OMCIS), the healing rates were slightly but not significantly in favour of OMCIS after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. During the 12 months of follow-up, CIS maintenance treatment was associated with a significant reduction of relapse. In the group of patients with initial grade I oesophagitis, the relapse rates after 3 months were 20% in the OMCIS group receiving CIS maintenance treatment, compared to 48% in the group healed on OM without further maintenance treatment (P = 0.04). After 6 months, these relapse rates were 31% and 85% respectively (P < 0.001), and after 12 months 40% and 96% (P < 0.001). In the group of patients with initial grade II oesophagitis, they were, respectively, 20% vs. 39% after 3 months (P = 0.056), 41% vs. 78% after 6 months (P < 0.001) and 52% vs. 95% after 12 months (P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: The results of this open study indicate that continued treatment with cisapride 5 mg t.d.s. (after initial healing with omeprazole 20 mg daily plus cisapride 5 mg t.d.s.) is beneficial in the long-term management of grade I and II oesophagitis: this treatment approach significantly reduces the high relapse rate observed after stopping healing treatment with omeprazole.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cisapride', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Esophagitis, Peptic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Omeprazole', 'Piperidines', 'Recurrence']
| 7,654,890
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D02.065.277.135', 'D02.241.223.100.050.500.644', 'D02.241.223.100.100.135', 'D02.241.223.100.200.374', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.020.937.700', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.085.135', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.250.374', 'D03.383.621.135'], ['E02.319.283'], ['E02.319.310'], ['C06.405.117.620.420', 'C06.405.205.663.420', 'C06.405.469.275.800.523', 'C06.405.748.586.524'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.886.640.074.500', 'D03.383.725.024.500', 'D03.633.100.103.034.500'], ['D03.383.621'], ['C23.550.291.937']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of caffeine effects on biochemical and genotoxic biomarkers in the neotropical freshwater teleost Prochilodus lineatus.
|
Caffeine is often found in aquatic environments, leading to concerns regarding its adverse consequences for aquatic biota. Biochemical and genotoxic biomarkers were analysed in juveniles of Prochilodus lineatus to evaluate the effects of caffeine. Fish were exposed to caffeine (0.3, 3 and 30 ìg L-1) for either 24 h or 168 h. Longer exposure to caffeine resulted in a significant reduction in the activity of the phase I biotransformation enzyme ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) in the brain but a significant increase in the liver. Changes in glutathione content (GSH), glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity, and lipid peroxidation were not found in the liver and brain of fish exposed to caffeine. DNA damage in erythrocytes were also not found. These results show that caffeine may interfere with the biotransformation mechanism of P. lineatus after 168 h exposure, but it does not generate sufficient changes to trigger a state of oxidative stress.
|
['Animals', 'Biomarkers', 'Brain', 'Caffeine', 'Characiformes', 'Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1', 'DNA Damage', 'Erythrocytes', 'Glutathione', 'Glutathione Transferase', 'Lipid Peroxidation', 'Liver', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 29,438,913
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.101'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D03.132.960.175', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.175'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.130'], ['D08.244.453.005.332', 'D08.244.453.100.500', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.010.277', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.020.500', 'D12.776.422.220.453.010.332', 'D12.776.422.220.453.100.500'], ['G05.200'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['D08.811.913.225.500'], ['G02.111.515', 'G03.295.531.587'], ['A03.620'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Counting efficiency of some commercially available liquid scintillators compared.
|
We investigated four commercially available liquid scintillators as to overall counting efficiency and quenching effect of added phosphate-buffered isotonic saline. They differed significantly in these respects. Evidently, characteristics of the scintillator used in radioimmunoassays where beta-particle emitters are counted should be carefully examined if results are to be optimal.
|
['Buffers', 'Phosphates', 'Quality Control', 'Radioimmunoassay', 'Scintillation Counting']
| 7,438,438
|
[['D27.720.470.280'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374', 'D01.248.497.158.730', 'D01.695.625.675.650'], ['J01.897.608'], ['E01.370.384.700', 'E05.478.566.639', 'E05.601.470.639'], ['E05.799.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Racial disparities in treatment for pancreatic cancer and impact on survival: a population-based analysis.
|
PURPOSE: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in both men and women. Mortality from pancreatic cancer is higher amongst blacks compared to other races. We performed this analysis with the aim of examining racial disparity for receipt pancreatic cancer treatment and its association with survival.METHODS: Using the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) database from 1988 to 2008, cases with locoregional pancreatic cancer were analysed. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were assessed to assess the survival amongst various races. Cox proportional hazard model was built to assess the impact of receipt of treatment on the racial disparity in survival.RESULTS: Of 16,282 cases with locoregional pancreatic cancer, 1,806 (11%) occurred in blacks. Median survival was 8-9 months with poorest survival in blacks. Blacks and Hispanics received radiation treatment less often compared to other races. On Cox regression logistic regression analysis, blacks had 20% poorer survival compared to whites. Treatment for pancreatic cancer explained only one-fourth of this poorer survival.CONCLUSION: Blacks have worst survival from locoregional pancreatic cancer. Receiving treatment for pancreatic cancer only explains 25% of the poorer survival amongst blacks, suggesting role of other factors. Studies are suggested to (a) identify barriers in receipt of treatment for pancreatic cancer amongst blacks and (b) to assess role of genetic and other factors to examine racial differences in survival.
|
['Adult', 'African Americans', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Female', 'Health Status Disparities', 'Healthcare Disparities', 'Hispanic Americans', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'SEER Program', 'Survival Rate', 'United States']
| 22,246,279
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.686.508.100.100', 'M01.686.754.100'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['M01.686.508.200'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['I01.240.425.675', 'N01.224.425.437', 'N06.850.505.400.425.675'], ['N04.590.374.380', 'N05.300.493'], ['M01.686.754.441'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.308.970.725', 'N04.452.859.819.725', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700.725', 'N06.850.520.308.970.725'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Key Preoperative Clinical Factors Predicting Outcome in Surgically Treated Patients with Metastatic Epidural Spinal Cord Compression: Results from a Survey of 438 AOSpine International Members.
|
OBJECTIVE: Accurate prediction of surgical outcomes in patients suffering from metastatic epidural spinal cord compression (MESCC) is challenging. This survey aims to obtain expert opinion on which preoperative clinical factors are the most relevant predictors of survival, neurologic, functional, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).METHODS: Members of AOSpine International were invited to participate in a 15-question electronic survey. Results from the entire sample and differences across geographic regions and between neurosurgeons and orthopedic surgeons were analyzed. Factors endorsed by over 50% of the respondents were considered key predictors.RESULTS: Among AOSpine members, 438 responded. The absence of visceral metastasis (n = 335; 76.48%) and the site of primary tumor (n = 228; 52.05%) were identified as important predictors for survival. Frankel/American Spinal Injury Association grade D or E and the ability to walk were common to neurologic (n = 344; 78.54% and n = 238; 54.34%, respectively); functional (n = 269; 61.42% and n = 243; 55.48%, respectively); and HRQoL outcomes (n = 241; 55.02% and n = 242; 55.25%, respectively). While the absence of bowel/bladder/sexual dysfunction was common to neurologic (n = 260; 59.36%) and HRQoL (n = 229; 52.28%) outcomes, a high Karnofsky/Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status was common to functional (n = 237; 54.11%) and HRQoL (n = 221; 50.46%) outcomes. There was overall consistency across specialities and geographic regions.CONCLUSIONS: Neurosurgeons and orthopedic surgeons and respondents from different geographic regions generally identified similar preoperative clinical factors as key predictors of survival, neurologic, functional, and HRQoL outcomes in surgical MESCC patients. The results of this survey will inform the development of clinical prediction rules for survival and HRQoL in MESCC patients selected for surgery to maximize their clinical relevance.
|
['Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Comorbidity', 'Health Care Surveys', 'Incidence', 'Internationality', 'Neurosurgeons', 'Orthopedic Surgeons', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Preoperative Care', 'Prognosis', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Spinal Cord Compression', 'Spinal Cord Neoplasms', 'Survival Analysis', 'Symptom Assessment']
| 27,424,474
|
[['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['E05.318.308.980.344', 'N03.349.380.210', 'N05.425.210', 'N05.715.360.300.800.344', 'N06.850.520.308.980.344'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['I01.615'], ['M01.526.485.810.910.750', 'N02.360.810.910.750'], ['M01.526.485.810.910.875', 'N02.360.810.910.875'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['E02.760.795', 'E04.604.750', 'N02.421.585.795'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['C10.228.854.761', 'C26.819.678'], ['C04.588.614.250.803', 'C10.228.854.765', 'C10.551.240.750'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['E01.370.872']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Bladder dysfunction in Wolfram syndrome is highly prevalent and progresses to megacystis.
|
AIM: Wolfram syndrome is a rare genetic defect in WFS1 or WSF2(CISD2). It includes diabetes mellitus and insipidis, sensorineural deafness, optic atrophy, but not bladder dysfunction. However, this has appeared a common finding in our national referral clinic, and we sought to quantify this problem.METHODS: Data were collected from a multidisciplinary team managing all Wolfram patients in the UK. The following was analyzed: age, date of non-invasive urodynamics (NIU), symptoms, bladder capacity, voided volume, post-void residual and uroflow pattern. Bladder capacity was given as percentage predicted bladder capacity (PBC). Bladders were divided into normal, overactive (OAB), and underactive (UAB). Symptoms, bladder behavior, and genotyping were correlated. Data were expressed as median (interquartile range).MAIN RESULTS: Forty patients with Wolfram syndrome were identified, and 38 underwent NIU. This showed normal bladder function (n=4), OAB (n=9), UAB (n=25). Symptoms were present in only 11 children. The different patterns of bladder behavior (OAB vs. normal vs. UAB) were significantly associated with different %PBC (36 (29-59)% vs. 105 (93-233)% vs. 100 (77.5-337)%; p<0.001), and percentage emptying (100 (80-100)% vs. 100 (87-100)% vs. 69 (48-93)%; p<0.05). There was no association of genotype, symptoms and bladder behavior. Patients with megacystis were older: [13.4 (9.7-16.1) vs. 15.4 (13.9-18.7) years; p<0.05).CONCLUSION: Bladder dysfunction is very common in Wolfram syndrome (~90%), but most children cope (symptoms ~30%). With time there is a significant progression to megacystis, which may represent an underlying neuropathic myogenic failure and is likely to require intervention in the future.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level II (National cohort study of prognosis).
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cohort Studies', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Prevalence', 'Prognosis', 'Urinary Bladder', 'Urinary Bladder Diseases', 'Wolfram Syndrome', 'Young Adult']
| 29,277,467
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E01.789'], ['A05.810.890'], ['C12.777.829', 'C13.351.968.829'], ['C09.218.458.341.186.500.750', 'C10.292.700.225.500.980', 'C10.574.500.662.980', 'C10.597.751.418.341.186.500.750', 'C10.597.751.941.162.625.750', 'C11.270.564.980', 'C11.640.451.451.980', 'C11.966.075.375.750', 'C12.777.419.135.875', 'C13.351.968.419.135.875', 'C16.131.077.299.750', 'C16.320.290.564.980', 'C16.320.400.630.980', 'C18.452.394.750.124.960', 'C19.246.267.960', 'C19.700.159.875'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Nonhuman primate vocalizations support categorization in very young human infants.
|
Language is a signature of our species and our primary conduit for conveying the contents of our minds. The power of language derives not only from the exquisite detail of the signal itself but also from its intricate link to human cognition. To acquire a language, infants must identify which signals are part of their language and discover how these signals are linked to meaning. At birth, infants prefer listening to vocalizations of human and nonhuman primates; within 3 mo, this initially broad listening preference is tuned specifically to human vocalizations. Moreover, even at this early developmental point, human vocalizations evoke more than listening preferences alone: they engender in infants a heightened focus on the objects in their visual environment and promote the formation of object categories, a fundamental cognitive capacity. Here, we illuminate the developmental origin of this early link between human vocalizations and cognition. We document that this link emerges from a broad biological template that initially encompasses vocalizations of human and nonhuman primates (but not backward speech) and that within 6 mo this link to cognition is tuned specifically to human vocalizations. At 3 and 4 mo, nonhuman primate vocalizations promote object categorization, mirroring precisely the advantages conferred by human vocalizations, but by 6 mo, nonhuman primate vocalizations no longer exert this advantageous effect. This striking developmental shift illuminates a path of specialization that supports infants as they forge the foundational links between human language and the core cognitive processes that will serve as the foundations of meaning.
|
['Age Factors', 'Animals', 'Attention', 'Child Development', 'Cognition', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Language Development', 'Lemur', 'Species Specificity', 'Speech', 'Vocalization, Animal']
| 24,003,164
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['B01.050'], ['F02.830.104.214'], ['F01.525.200', 'G07.345.374.750'], ['F02.463.188'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['F01.525.200.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.700.508.490'], ['G16.824'], ['F01.145.209.908.677', 'G11.561.812', 'L01.559.423.676'], ['F01.145.113.055.800']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The metabolic effects of hemodialysis with and without glucose in the dialysate.
|
The present study compares some of the metabolic effects of hemodialysis of fasting patients with and without glucose in the dialysate bath. Unlike glucose dialysis, glucose-free dialysis caused marked decreases in blood levels of glucose, insulin, lactate, and pyruvate along with profound increases in acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate. It is concluded that oxidation of fatty acids increases to meet energy demands and that the combined processes of glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis serve to prevent critical hypoglycemia during glucose-free dialysis.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Blood Glucose', 'Female', 'Glucose', 'Humans', 'Insulin', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Lactates', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pyruvates', 'Renal Dialysis']
| 707,341
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['D02.241.511.459'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.241.755.812'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Tamoxifen promotes differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitors in vitro.
|
The most promising therapeutic approach to finding the cure for devastating demyelinating conditions is the identification of clinically safe pharmacological agents that can promote differentiation of endogenous oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). Here we show that the breast cancer medication tamoxifen (TMX), with well-documented clinical safety and confirmed beneficial effects in various models of demyelinating conditions, stimulates differentiation of rat glial progenitors to mature oligodendrocytes in vitro. Clinically applicable doses of TMX significantly increased both the number of CNPase-positive oligodendrocytes and protein levels of myelin basic protein, measured with Western blots. Furthermore, we also found that OPC differentiation was stimulated, not only by the pro-drug TMX-citrate (TMXC), but also by two main TMX metabolites, 4-hydroxy-TMX and endoxifen. Differentiating effects of TMXC and its metabolites were completely abolished in the presence of estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist, ICI182780. In contrast to TMXC and 4-hydroxy-TMX, endoxifen also induced astrogliogenesis, but independent of the ER activation. In sum, we showed that the TMX prodrug and its two main metabolites (4-hydroxy-TMX and endoxifen) promote ER-dependent oligodendrogenesis in vitro, not reported before. Given that differentiating effects of TMX were achieved with clinically safe doses, TMX is likely one of the most promising FDA-approved drugs for the possible treatment of demyelinating diseases.
|
['Animals', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Neural Stem Cells', 'Oligodendroglia', 'Prodrugs', 'Rats', 'Tamoxifen']
| 26,820,594
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['G04.152'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['A11.872.653'], ['A08.637.600', 'A11.650.600'], ['D26.675'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The feature of papers and citation analysis of eleven journals in tropical medicine indexed by Science Citation Index Expanded.
|
To determine the features of papers, authors, and citation of eleven journals in tropical medicine indexed by Science Citation Index Expanded, the database of the Institute for Scientific Information, we analyzed original articles, editorials, reviews, corrections, letters, biographies, and news published in these journals. The results show that these journals covered 107 countries or regions on six continents. The average number of reference was 23.05, with 87.89% of the references from periodicals. The Price Index was 31.43% and the self-citing rate was 7.02%. The references in the first 20 journals ranked by the amount of citation accounted for 36.71% of the total citations. Brazil, United States, India, and England are more advanced in tropical medicine research. The conclusion is that these journals covered most research done in these countries or regions. Most researches were done by cooperation of the researchers, but many of the publications used outdated articles and should include newer information.
|
['Bibliometrics', 'Periodicals as Topic', 'Tropical Medicine']
| 16,410,973
|
[['L01.178.682.099.325', 'L01.453.183.291'], ['L01.178.682.829.678'], ['H02.403.879']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Deviant functional activation and connectivity of the right insula are associated with lack of awareness of episodic memory impairment in nonamnesic alcoholism.
|
A disorder of metamemory, expressed as unawareness of mnemonic ability, is typically associated with the profound amnesia of Korsakoff's Syndrome (KS). A similar but less severe type of limited awareness can also occur in non-KS alcoholism and is observed as an impairment in generating Feeling-of-Knowing (FOK) predictions about future recognition performance. We previously found that FOK accuracy was selectively related to volumes of the insula in alcoholics involved in the present study. Unknown, however, are the neural substrates of unawareness of memory impairment in alcoholism. A task-activated fMRI paradigm served to identify neural nodes and networks implicated in inaccurate self-estimation of mnemonic ability in sober alcoholics while they made prospective FOK judgments in an episodic memory paradigm. Lower activation in the right insula correlated with greater overestimations of future memory abilities in alcoholics. Weaker connectivity of the right insula with the left dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, a node of the salience network, and stronger connectivity of the right insula with the right ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), a node of the default mode network (DMN), co-occurred in alcoholics relative to the controls. Specifically, alcoholics, who failed to desynchronize insula-vmPFC activity, had greater overestimation of their memory predictions and poorer recognition performance. This study provides novel support that deviant functional activation and connectivity involving the right insula, a hub of the salience network, appears to participate in disrupting metamemory functioning in alcoholics. Compromised FOK performance might result from disturbance of the switching mechanism between brain networks serving self-referential processes (i.e., DMN network) and networks serving externally-driven activities like memory monitoring (i.e., fronto-parietal network). Thus, compromise in insular network coupling could be a neural mechanism underlying anosognosia for subtle mnemonic impairment in nonamnesic alcoholism.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Alcoholism', 'Awareness', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Female', 'Functional Laterality', 'Functional Neuroimaging', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Memory Disorders', 'Memory, Episodic', 'Metacognition', 'Middle Aged', 'Nerve Net', 'Young Adult']
| 28,806,707
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C25.775.100.250', 'F03.900.100.350'], ['F02.463.188.150'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['F02.830.297.425', 'G11.561.225.425'], ['E01.370.350.578.875', 'E01.370.376.537.625', 'E05.629.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['C10.597.606.525', 'C23.888.592.604.529', 'F01.700.625'], ['F02.463.425.540.254'], ['F02.463.188.756'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A08.511'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
DELAYED POSITIVE EFFECTS OF AN ACUTE BOUT OF COORDINATIVE EXERCISE ON CHILDREN'S ATTENTION (1).
|
Since attention is an important prerequisite for learning, it is particularly worthwhile to promote it in schools, through specific interventions. The present study examined the effects of an acute bout of coordinative exercise in physical education on the attention of primary school children. A total of 90 fifth grade primary school children (41 boys, 49 girls; M = 11.0 yr., SD = 0.6) participated in the study and were randomly assigned to either the experimental or the control group. The experimental group received a cognitively demanding physical education lesson consisting of different coordinative exercises; the control group attended a normal sedentary school lesson. Before, immediately after, and 90 min. after each experimental condition, the children's attentional performance was tested using the revised version of the d2 Test of Attention (d2-R). Results of the repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that children's attentional performance increased through the specifically designed physical education lesson, not immediately but 90 min. after cessation. The results are discussed in terms of mechanisms explaining the relationship between acute physical exercise, and immediate and delayed effects on attention.
|
['Attention', 'Child', 'Executive Function', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Physical Education and Training', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Reaction Time', 'Time Factors']
| 26,474,438
|
[['F02.830.104.214'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F02.463.217'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.711.513'], ['I02.233.543'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Obsessive-compulsive disorders in Benin: five case reports.
|
We report 5 cases of obsessive-compulsive disorders diagnosed among a sample of Beninese psychiatric outpatients. This type of report does not support the idea that this disorder is very rare in black Africa. Moreover, it appears that the clinical and epidemiological characteristics are not really different from those described in other continents.
|
['Adult', 'African Americans', 'African Continental Ancestry Group', 'Benin', 'Cross-Cultural Comparison', 'Developing Countries', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder']
| 1,797,005
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.686.508.100.100', 'M01.686.754.100'], ['M01.686.508.100'], ['Z01.058.290.190.200'], ['I01.076.201.450.281', 'I01.880.853.100.257'], ['I01.615.500.300'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03.080.600']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of new 2-substituted-5- [2-(2-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazoles and 1,2,4-triazoles.
|
A series of new 2-substituted-5-[2-(2-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazoles has been synthesized and screened for their anticonvulsant activities. Compound 3 shows considerable anticonvulsant activity both in PTZ and MES models. It seems that this effect is mediated by benzodiazepine receptors and other unknown mechanism, respectively.
|
['Anticonvulsants', 'Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Molecular Structure', 'Oxadiazoles', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Triazoles']
| 15,546,729
|
[['D27.505.954.427.080'], ['E05.290.750', 'E05.337.550'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D03.383.129.462.580'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['D03.383.129.799']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A novel absolute quantitative imaging strategy of iron, copper and zinc in brain tissues by Isotope Dilution Laser Ablation ICP-MS.
|
Isotope Dilution Laser Ablation ICP-MS (ID-LA-ICP-MS), because of its impressive spatial resolution capacity and precise means for quantification, is one of the most promising tools for in-situ quantitative imaging of trace elements in biological samples. In the ID-LA-ICP-MS strategy for tissue section, the tissue must be maintained intact during the whole sample preparation process. Therefore, how to homogeneously distribute enriched isotope spike on tissue section and how to confirm isotope equilibration between sample and spike are two important challenges. In this study, we reported a novel quantitative imaging strategy for biological thin section based on ID-LA-ICP-MS. To distribute the enriched isotope spikes on tissue section homogeneously, a "border" was constructed to make spike droplet stay on the tissue for isotope exchange. Laser ablation and isotope exchange parameters were also investigated to obtain optimal ID-LA-ICP-MS conditions. The prepared homogeneous in-house standard was used to validate the ID-LA-ICP-MS approach and good agreement with the bulk analysis was achieved. On this basis, quantitative imaging of Fe, Cu and Zn in real mouse brain of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) were measured by the improved methodology. Assessment of the method for real sample was undertaken by comparison of the LA-ICP-MS data with that obtained by micro-XRF. Moreover, comparative analysis of elements distribution and immunohistochemical markers in AD mouse brain was also carried out. The similar distributional patterns demonstrated that the proposed methodology is potential to investigate the correlation of biomarker heterogeneity and elements distribution, and may be useful to understand such complex brain mechanisms in the future.
|
['Animals', 'Brain Chemistry', 'Copper', 'Iron', 'Isotopes', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Mice', 'Zinc']
| 28,843,570
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.150', 'G03.185'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['D01.496'], ['E05.196.566'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Evaluation of immunogenicity and safety of 2 immunizations with allantoic intranasal live influenza vaccine Ultragrivac].
|
AIM: Evaluate reactogenicity, safety and immunogenicity in phase 2 clinical trials of 2 immunization schedules with Ultragrivac--an allantoic intranasal life influenza vaccine based on A/17/ duck/Potsdam/86/92 [17/H5] reassortant strain.MATERIALS AND METHODS: 4 groups of volunteers participated in the study: group 1--40 individuals were vaccinated twice with a 10 day interval; group 2--40 individuals were vaccinated twice with a 21 day interval; group 3 (control)--10 individuals received placebo twice with a 10 day interval; group 4 (control)--10 individuals received placebo twice with a 21 day interval. Local (secretory IgA), cellular and humoral immune response were evaluated. Humoral immunity was evaluated by the intensity of increase of geometric mean antibody titers against 2 influenza virus strains A/17/duck/Potsdam/86/92 [17/H5] and A/chicken/Suzdalka/Nov-1 1/2005 (H5N1), and by the level of significant (4 times or more) antibody seroconversions after the vaccination.RESULTS: After the use of Ultragrivac the level of secretory IgA in the nasal cavity of vaccinated volunteers in the groups with revaccination intervals of 10 and 21 days increased significantly. The second immunization with 10 or 21 day intervals significantly increased postvaccinal humoral immune response. Humoral immune response induction after 2 vaccinations with 10 day interval was no less effective than with 21 day interval.CONCLUSION: Ultragrivac allantoic intranasal live influenza vaccine is areactogenic, harmless for vaccinated individuals, safe for those around, and has immunogenic properties against not only homologous virus A(H5N2), but also against influenza strain A(H5N1).
|
['Administration, Intranasal', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Animals', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunity, Humoral', 'Immunization, Secondary', 'Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype', 'Influenza A Virus, H5N2 Subtype', 'Influenza Vaccines', 'Influenza, Human', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Vaccines, Attenuated']
| 21,916,043
|
[['E02.319.267.120.655.500'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.450.050.420'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.485', 'E05.478.550.550'], ['B04.820.480.968.405.400.500'], ['B04.820.480.968.405.400.505'], ['D20.215.894.899.302'], ['C01.748.310', 'C01.925.782.620.365', 'C08.730.310'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D20.215.894.811']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Epileptic Seizure Detection in Long-Term EEG Recordings by Using Wavelet-Based Directed Transfer Function.
|
GOAL: The accurate automatic detection of epileptic seizures is very important in long-term electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings. In this study, the wavelet decomposition and the directed transfer function (DTF) algorithm were combined to present a novel wavelet-based directed transfer function (WDTF) method for the patient-specific seizure detection.METHODS: First, five subbands were extracted from 19-channel EEG signals by using wavelet decomposition in a sliding window. Second, the information flow characteristics of five subbands and full frequency band of EEG signals were calculated by the DTF method. The intensity of the outflow information was then used to reduce the feature dimensionality. Finally, all features were combined to identify interictal and ictal EEG segments by the support vector machine classifier.RESULTS: By using fivefold cross validation, the proposed method had achieved excellent performance with the average accuracy of 99.4%, the average selectivity of 91.1%, the average sensitivity of 92.1%, the average specificity of 99.5%, and the average detection rate of 95.8%.CONCLUSION: The WDTF method is able to enhance seizure detection results in long-term EEG recordings of focal epilepsy patients.SIGNIFICANCE: This study may lead to the development of seizure detection system with high performance, thus reducing the workload of epileptologists and facilitating to take corresponding steps promptly after the seizure onset. The high-frequency activity in the epilepsy brain may be of great importance for investigating the pathological mechanism and treatment of seizure.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Algorithms', 'Brain', 'Electroencephalography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Seizures', 'Wavelet Analysis', 'Young Adult']
| 29,993,489
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.597.742', 'C23.888.592.742'], ['E05.959', 'G17.915', 'L01.224.800.750'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Collaborative research under the unification model.
|
The research role of the clinical nurse specialist is often the most difficult to implement. At the masters level, efforts are generally directed at utilization and evaluation of research more than design and implementation. Collaboration between several investigators, however, is an efficient and effective method of pooling the resources of a variety of researchers, allowing the actualization of all aspects of the research process. A collaborative effort to look at the clinical problem of fatigue was undertaken by a group of masters-prepared oncology nurses. Strategies for effective collaboration are outlined. Issues related to gaining group commitment and to delineating roles at the onset, voluntary participation, and timely communication are discussed. A realistic timetable and regular informal meetings helped to sustain the momentum of the study. All members were able to contribute a part of the completed project and to experience the professional and personal satisfaction of "owning" a research project from start to finish.
|
['Humans', 'Models, Nursing', 'Nurse Clinicians', 'Nursing Research', 'Research Design']
| 2,030,763
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.645'], ['M01.526.485.650.648.525', 'N02.360.650.648.525'], ['H01.770.644.145.390', 'H02.478.395', 'N04.590.233.508.613'], ['E05.581.500', 'H01.770.644.728']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Synaptopathy in the Aging Cochlea: Characterizing Early-Neural Deficits in Auditory Temporal Envelope Processing.
|
Aging listeners, even in the absence of overt hearing loss measured as changes in hearing thresholds, often experience impairments processing temporally complex sounds such as speech in noise. Recent evidence has shown that normal aging is accompanied by a progressive loss of synapses between inner hair cells and auditory nerve fibers. The role of this cochlear synaptopathy in degraded temporal processing with age is not yet understood. Here, we used population envelope following responses, along with other hair cell- and neural-based measures from an age-graded series of male and female CBA/CaJ mice to study changes in encoding stimulus envelopes. By comparing responses obtained before and after the application of the neurotoxin ouabain to the inner ear, we demonstrate that we can study changes in temporal processing on either side of the cochlear synapse. Results show that deficits in neural coding with age emerge at the earliest neural stages of auditory processing and are correlated with the degree of cochlear synaptopathy. These changes are seen before losses in neural thresholds and particularly affect the suprathreshold processing of sound. Responses obtained from more central sources show smaller differences with age, suggesting compensatory gain. These results show that progressive cochlear synaptopathy is accompanied by deficits in temporal coding at the earliest neural generators and contribute to the suprathreshold sound processing deficits observed with age.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Aging listeners often experience difficulty hearing and understanding speech in noisy conditions. The results described here suggest that age-related loss of cochlear synapses may be a significant contributor to those performance declines. We observed aberrant neural coding of sounds in the early auditory pathway, which was accompanied by and correlated with an age-progressive loss of synapses between the inner hair cells and the auditory nerve. Deficits first appeared before changes in hearing thresholds and were largest at higher sound levels relevant to real world communication. The noninvasive tests described here may be adapted to detect cochlear synaptopathy in the clinical setting.
|
['Acoustic Stimulation', 'Afferent Pathways', 'Aging', 'Animals', 'Auditory Threshold', 'Cochlea', 'Cochlear Nerve', 'Evoked Potentials, Auditory', 'Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem', 'Female', 'Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner', 'Hearing Loss, Sensorineural', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred CBA', 'Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous', 'Ouabain', 'Synapses', 'Time Factors']
| 29,976,623
|
[['E02.037', 'E02.190.888.030', 'E05.723.136'], ['A08.612.220'], ['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['F02.463.593.071.173', 'F02.463.593.710.190', 'G07.888.125.173'], ['A09.246.300.246'], ['A08.800.800.120.910.120'], ['G07.265.216.500.370', 'G07.888.250', 'G11.561.200.500.370'], ['G07.265.216.500.370.300', 'G07.888.250.300', 'G11.561.200.500.370.300'], ['A08.675.650.250.250', 'A08.675.650.915.750.600.350.350', 'A08.800.950.750.600.350.350', 'A09.246.300.246.577.325.315', 'A11.671.650.250.250', 'A11.671.650.915.750.600.350.350'], ['C09.218.458.341.887', 'C10.597.751.418.341.887', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.887'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.440', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.440'], ['G07.888.500.750', 'G11.561.790.263.570'], ['D04.210.500.155.580.130.750.600', 'D09.408.180.810.600'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Early measurements of plasma matrix metalloproteinase-2 predict infarct size and ventricular dysfunction in ST-elevation myocardial infarction.
|
BACKGROUND: Immediate reopening of the acutely occluded infarct-related artery via primary PCI is the preferred treatment in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, the sudden reinitiation of blood flow can lead to a local acute inflammatory response with further endothelial and myocardial damage, so-called reperfusion injury. The activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is suggested to be a key event in this process.OBJECTIVES: To investigate circulating MMPs, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in relation to infarct size, left ventricular dysfunction and remodelling in a STEMI population undergoing PCI.METHODS: 58 Patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI were included. Blood samples were collected at baseline before PCI and at 12, 24 and 48 h for later analysis of MMPs, TIMPs and MPO by ELISA. Infarct size, left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and remodelling were assessed by cardiac MRI at 5 days and 4 month after STEMI.RESULTS: Plasma MMP-2 at 0 and 12 h showed a consistent and significant correlation with infarct size and LV dysfunction measured both at 5 days and at 4 months and correlated well with troponin I measurements. For TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 some support was found for associations with infarct size and LV dysfunction, but these were not as consistent as for MMP-2. MMP-8, MMP-9 and MPO did not overall correlate with measures of infarct size, LV dysfunction or remodelling.CONCLUSIONS: In patients with STEMI, circulating levels of MMP-2, measured early and even before reperfusion therapy, are strongly associated with infarct size and LV dysfunction. This provides further evidence for the role of MMP-2 in ischaemia-reperfusion injury.
|
['Aged', 'Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products', 'Fibrinolytic Agents', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Angiography', 'Male', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 2', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Myocardial Reperfusion Injury', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Peroxidase', 'Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1', 'Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2', 'Ventricular Dysfunction, Left', 'Ventricular Remodeling']
| 21,727,201
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.148.050.060.100', 'E04.100.376.719.100', 'E04.100.814.529.124.060.100', 'E04.100.814.529.968.050', 'E04.502.382.124.060.100', 'E04.502.382.968.050', 'E04.928.220.520.100', 'E05.157.016.060.100'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['D12.776.124.270.300', 'D12.776.811.300.290'], ['D27.505.519.421.750', 'D27.505.954.411.320', 'D27.505.954.502.427'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500.500', 'E01.370.370.050.500'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.352', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.252.420', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.150', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.352', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.252.420', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.150', 'D12.644.276.848.150', 'D12.776.467.836.150'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['C14.280.238.615', 'C14.280.647.625', 'C14.907.585.625', 'C14.907.725.600', 'C23.550.767.877.500'], ['D12.644.541'], ['D08.811.682.732.700'], ['D12.776.645.875.450'], ['D12.776.645.875.500'], ['C14.280.945.900'], ['C23.300.985', 'G09.330.955.975']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Capecitabine-induced headache responding to diltiazem.
|
BACKGROUND: Headaches have been reported as a potential side effect of capecitabine therapy. However, severe limiting headaches are rarely experienced in this setting and no known therapy has been described for such a serious side effect.RESULTS: We report the case of a patient treated with capecitabine and radiation for rectal adenocarcinoma. The patient developed grade 3 capecitabine-induced headache. A cause-effect relationship to capecitabine was suggested due to resolution of headache with capecitabine withdrawal and reappearance with capecitabine rechallenge. The patient's headache resolved with diltiazem therapy and she was able to complete capecitabine and radiation therapy without further adverse events.CONCLUSIONS: Capecitabine and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) are known vasospasm inducers. We hypothesize that capecitabine-induced headache is vascular in nature. This likely explains the noted response to a calcium channel blocker (CCB), namely diltiazem. CCBs should be considered in the treatment of 5-FU or capecitabine-induced headaches.
|
['Adult', 'Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic', 'Capecitabine', 'Deoxycytidine', 'Diltiazem', 'Female', 'Fluorouracil', 'Headache', 'Humans', 'Rectal Neoplasms']
| 17,536,204
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.519.186.144', 'D27.505.954.248.144', 'D27.888.569.042.030'], ['D03.383.742.680.245.500.425', 'D03.383.742.698.875.404.425', 'D13.570.230.329.313', 'D13.570.685.245.500.425'], ['D03.383.742.680.245.500', 'D13.570.230.329', 'D13.570.685.245.500'], ['D03.633.100.079.150'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404'], ['C23.888.592.612.441'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.790', 'C06.301.371.411.307.790', 'C06.405.249.411.307.790', 'C06.405.469.491.307.790', 'C06.405.469.860.180.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Significant impact of the MTHFR polymorphisms and haplotypes on male infertility risk.
|
BACKGROUND: Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) converts 5,10-methylene tetrahydrofolate to 5-methyl tetrahydrofolate and affects the activity of cellular cycles participating in nucleotide synthesis, DNA repair, genome stability, maintenance of methyl pool, and gene regulation. Genetically compromised MTHFR activity has been suggested to affect male fertility. The objective of the present study was to find the impact on infertility risk of c.203G>A, c.1298A>C, and c.1793G>A polymorphisms in the MTHFR gene.METHODS: PCR-RFLP and DNA sequencing were used to genotype the common SNPs in the MTHFR gene in 630 infertile and 250 fertile males. Chi-square test was applied for statistical comparison of genotype data. Linkage disequilibrium between the SNPs and the frequency of common haplotypes were assessed using Haploview software. Biochemical levels of total homocysteine (tHcy) and folic acid were measured. Meta-analysis on c.1298A>C polymorphism was performed using data from ten studies, comprising 2734 cases and 2737 controls.RESULTS: c.203G>A and c.1298A>C were found to be unrelated to infertility risk. c.1793G>A was protective against infertility (P = 0.0008). c.677C>T and c.1793G>A were in significant LD (D' = 0.9). Folic acid and tHcy level did not correlate with male infertility. Pooled estimate on c.1298A>C data from all published studies including our data showed no association of this polymorphism with male infertility (Odds ratio = 1.035, P = 0.56), azoospermia (Odds ratio = 0.97, P = 0.74), or oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (Odds ratio = 0.92, p = 0.29). Eight haplotypes with more than 1% frequency were detected, of which CCGA was protective against infertility (p = 0.02), but the significance of the latter was not seen after applying Bonferroni correction.CONCLUSION: Among MTHFR polymorphisms, c.203G>A and c.1298A>C do not affect infertility risk and c.1793G>A is protective against infertility. Haplotype analysis suggested that risk factors on the MTHFR locus do not extend too long on the DNA string.
|
['Case-Control Studies', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Haplotypes', 'Humans', 'Infertility, Male', 'Linkage Disequilibrium', 'Male', 'Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2)', 'Odds Ratio', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA']
| 23,874,907
|
[['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['G05.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.294.365.700'], ['G05.348.500'], ['D08.811.682.662.290', 'D12.776.331.775'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G05.365.795.595'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['E05.393.760.700']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Kinetics of micronucleus expression in synchronized irradiated Chinese hamster ovary cells.
|
The kinetics of expression of radiation-induced micronuclei (MN) in synchronized Chinese hamster cells (CHO) was examined. The purpose of the study was to determine if the cell cycle distribution of a population significantly influences the levels of radiation induced MN, thereby obscuring the exact quantification of the radiation effect. Cells were synchronized by centrifugal elutriation, irradiated, and then different phases of the cell cycle were examined for: cell cycle progression, division probability, and temporal expression of MN. The results demonstrate that the time interval for maximal MN expression is long enough that the position of cells in the cell cycle and radiation induced division delays do not prevent the majority of cells from completing their first post-irradiation mitosis, therefore, expressing MN. By following the progression of synchronized cell populations by flow cytometry and also examining the time of division of individual cells for 24 hr after irradiation, we observed that the maximum number of cells from all phases of the cell cycle are in their first post-irradiation interphase at that time, thus explaining the MN results.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Cycle', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chromosome Aberrations', 'Cricetinae', 'Cricetulus', 'DNA', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation', 'Female', 'Interphase', 'Kinetics', 'Ovary']
| 3,986,869
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.144'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['A11.251'], ['C23.550.210', 'G05.365.590.175'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.250'], ['D13.444.308'], ['E05.799.513.500', 'G01.750.740.500', 'G04.712.500', 'G07.225', 'G07.738.500', 'N06.850.810.250.180'], ['G04.144.500'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['A05.360.319.114.630', 'A05.360.576.497', 'A06.300.312.497']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Monoclonal antibodies that inhibit mitogenic activity of Mycoplasma pulmonis.
|
Previous studies have suggested a correlation between mitogenic, polyclonal activation of host lymphocytes and the respiratory tract inflammatory diseases induced by Mycoplasma pulmonis. This study describes the generation of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to M. pulmonis membrane antigens with different capacities to inhibit stimulation of cultured rat lymphocytes by mycoplasmal membranes and with variable effects on M. pulmonis growth. We show that the inhibitory effects exerted on mitogenesis by purified MAbs are inversely related to the effects of MAbs on M. pulmonis growth. Immunoblotting of electrophoretically separated membrane proteins, with both growth- and mitogenesis-inhibiting antibodies, revealed significant changes in the reactions obtained with both types of MAb following short exposure of membranes to heat. Growth-inhibiting MAbs strongly react with heat-labile antigenic complexes with molecular weights of 65,000 to 75,000. Inhibition of mitogenesis is mainly associated with recognition of membrane complexes of 84 to 113 kDa that exhibit disperse smears and variable heat sensitivities. Following brief heating of membranes, more distinct bands of 103, 90, and 84 kDa are obtained with MAbs that inhibit mitogenesis. Experiments with other mitogenic mycoplasma species and MAb 3.3.10.2, a potent inhibitor of mitogenesis reveal that whereas the antigenic epitope recognized by this antibody is present on unheated membranes from different mycoplasmas, with heated membranes the MAb yields reactions only with M. pulmonis and M. arthritidis. Our studies suggest that M. pulmonis mitogens are unique membrane complexes of variable molecular weights, highly susceptible to heat and less sensitive to reducing agents.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Bacterial', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antigens, Bacterial', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cell Division', 'Female', 'Hybridomas', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Membranes', 'Mitogens', 'Mycoplasma', 'Rats', 'Species Specificity']
| 7,806,349
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.107', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.125'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D23.050.161'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['A11.251.353.485', 'A11.251.600.485'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['A10.615'], ['D27.505.519.593.624'], ['B03.440.860.580.553.553'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Association of total body and visceral fat mass with iron deficiency in preadolescents: the Healthy Growth Study.
|
The aim of the present study was to examine the associations of obesity, percentage body fat and visceral fat mass with body Fe status in a representative sample of 1493 schoolchildren aged 9-13 years. Anthropometric, body composition, biochemical, clinical (Tanner stage, age of menarche) and dietary intake data were collected. Fe deficiency (ID) was defined as transferrin saturation (TS) < 16 %; and Fe-deficiency anaemia (IDA) as ID with Hb < 120 g/l. Obese boys and girls and those in the highest quartiles of percentage body fat mass had significantly higher levels of serum ferritin (P ? 0.05) compared to their normal-weight peers and those in the corresponding lowest quartiles. Similarly, obese boys and girls and those in the highest quartiles of percentage body fat and visceral fat mass had significantly lower levels of TS (P ? 0.05) compared to normal-weight children and those in the corresponding lowest quartiles. The prevalence of ID and IDA was significantly higher in boys and girls in the highest quartiles of percentage body fat than in peers in the lowest quartile. Higher quartiles of percentage body fat and visceral fat mass were the main significant predictors of ID in boys, after controlling for other important confounders, with OR of 2.48 (95 % CI, 1.26, 4.88) and 2.12 (95 % CI, 1.07, 4.19), respectively. Similar significant associations were observed for girls. In conclusion, percentage body fat and visceral fat mass were positively associated with ID in both sexes of preadolescents. These associations might be attributed to the chronic inflammation induced by excess adiposity.
|
['Adipose Tissue', 'Adolescent', 'Adolescent Development', 'Anemia, Iron-Deficiency', 'Body Composition', 'Child', 'Child Development', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Diet', 'Female', 'Greece', 'Humans', 'Intra-Abdominal Fat', 'Iron', 'Iron, Dietary', 'Male', 'Obesity', 'Obesity, Abdominal', 'Prevalence', 'Sex Factors']
| 22,088,365
|
[['A10.165.114'], ['M01.060.057'], ['F01.525.049', 'G07.345.374.500'], ['C15.378.071.196.300', 'C18.452.565.100'], ['G02.111.130', 'G03.180', 'G07.100.049'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F01.525.200', 'G07.345.374.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['Z01.542.383'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A10.165.114.830.500.500'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['D01.490.600'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['C18.654.726.500.615', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500.249', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500.249'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Cardiac pacemakers in absence of the SA node: responses to exercise and autonomic blockade.
|
Surgical excision of the sinoatrial node, verified histologically, is followed by a supraventricular (atrial) rhythm in both resting and exercising dog whether anesthetized or conscious. The ECG is characterized by a definitive P wave and associated atrial electrograms. Waxing and waning in heart rate, generally referred to as sinus arrhythmia continues in the awake animal after complete excision of the SA node. This arrhythmia is responsive to both adrenergic and cholinergic interventions, thus indicating the presence of both sympathetic and parasympathetic regulation of subsidiary atrial pacemaking tissues.
|
['Adrenergic beta-Antagonists', 'Animals', 'Autonomic Nervous System', 'Dogs', 'Heart', 'Heart Conduction System', 'Heart Rate', 'Physical Exertion', 'Sinoatrial Node']
| 25,585
|
[['D27.505.519.625.050.200.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.200.200'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.800.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['A07.541'], ['A07.541.409'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['G11.427.683'], ['A07.541.409.819']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Identification of microRNA-based signatures for response and survival for non-small cell lung cancer treated with cisplatin-vinorelbine A ELCWP prospective study.
|
UNLABELLED: Clinical variables, like stage and performance status (PS), have predictive and prognostic values in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with chemotherapy, not allowing adequate individual prediction. MicroRNA (miRNA) are non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression. In a prospective study, we assessed the predictive value for response and survival of tumour miRNA in NSCLC patients treated by 1st line cisplatin and vinorelbine. miRNA expression was analysed on a biopsy obtained during the diagnostic bronchoscopy, using TaqMan Low Density Arrays. The signature for response was derived using logistic regression with stepwise variable selection. The associations between overall survival and miRNA expression levels were estimated by using the Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazard regression models to estimate the hazard ratios. In total, 38 patients with adequate tumour biopsies, treated with cisplatin-vinorelbine were included: male (n = 27), 80-100 Karnofsky PS (n = 27), adenocarcinoma (n = 20), stage IV (n = 30). One patient was considered not assessable for response but remained included in the survival analyses. Out of the 37 patients assessable for response, 16 partial responses (43%) were observed. A two miRNA signature (miR-149 and miR-375) was found predictive for response and was also associated to progression-free survival (p = 0.05). Using a linear combination of the miR CT values with Cox's regression coefficients as weights, we constructed a prognostic score for overall survival including four miRNA (miR-200c, miR-424, miR-29c and miR-124). The signature distinguished patients with good (n = 18) and poor (n = 20) prognosis with respective median survival times of 47.3 months (95% CI 29.8-52.4) and 15.5 months (95% CI 9.1-22.8) (p < 0.001; hazard ratio 21.1, 95% CI 4.7-94.9).CONCLUSIONS: miRNA signature allows predicting response and is of prognostic value for survival in patients with NSCLC treated with first line cisplatin and vinorelbine.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Cisplatin', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'MicroRNAs', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Transcriptome', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vinblastine', 'Vinorelbine']
| 24,007,627
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['D01.210.375', 'D01.625.125', 'D01.710.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['G02.111.873.750', 'G05.297.700.750', 'G05.360.920'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['D03.132.436.681.827.650', 'D03.633.100.473.402.681.827.650', 'D03.633.100.496.500.500.681.827.650'], ['D03.132.436.681.827.915', 'D03.633.100.473.402.681.827.915', 'D03.633.100.496.500.500.681.827.915']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cholic Acid-Peptide Conjugates as Potent Antimicrobials against Interkingdom Polymicrobial Biofilms.
|
Interkingdom polymicrobial biofilms formed by Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans pose serious threats of chronic systemic infections due to the absence of any common therapeutic target for their elimination. Herein, we present the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of membrane-targeting cholic acid-peptide conjugates (CAPs) against Gram-positive bacterial and fungal strains. Structure-activity investigations validated by mechanistic studies revealed that valine-glycine dipeptide-derived CAP 3 was the most effective broad-spectrum antimicrobial against S. aureus and C. albicans CAP 3 was able to degrade the preformed single-species and polymicrobial biofilms formed by S. aureus and C. albicans, and CAP 3-coated materials prevented the formation of biofilms. Murine wound and catheter infection models further confirmed the equally potent bactericidal and fungicidal effect of CAP 3 against bacterial, fungal, and polymicrobial infections. Taken together, these results demonstrate that CAPs, as potential broad-spectrum antimicrobials, can effectively clear the frequently encountered polymicrobial infections and can be fine-tuned further for future applications.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Infective Agents', 'Biofilms', 'Candida albicans', 'Candidiasis', 'Cholic Acid', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Microbial Viability', 'Peptides', 'Staphylococcal Infections', 'Staphylococcus aureus']
| 31,427,303
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122'], ['A20.593', 'G06.120'], ['B01.300.107.795.095.326', 'B01.300.381.147.326', 'B01.300.930.176.326'], ['C01.150.703.160'], ['D04.210.500.105.225.130', 'D04.210.500.221.430.130'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['G06.580'], ['D12.644'], ['C01.150.252.410.868'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Functional redundancy of the muscle-specific transcription factors Myf5 and myogenin.
|
The myogenic basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors, Myf5, MyoD, myogenin and MRF4, play key roles in skeletal muscle development. All of them induce myogenic differentiation in cultured non-muscle cells, suggesting that they might be functionally redundant. But the genes are expressed at different times during embryogenesis and mice carrying a mutation in any of the genes have different phenotypes. A rib cage defect was observed in Myf5-deficient mice, which die perinatally. We investigated whether the rib cage defect was due to the failure of the early activation of the gene or to the unique interactions of Myf5 with specific downstream targets. For this we inserted a myogenin complementary DNA into the Myf5 locus by homologous recombination which simultaneously disrupted Myf5 function. We report here that mice homozygous for this myogenin gene knock-in (ki) developed a normal rib cage and were viable, therefore demonstrating functional redundancy of Myf5 and myogenin for rib formation.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cell Line', 'DNA Primers', 'DNA, Complementary', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Helix-Loop-Helix Motifs', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Muscle Proteins', 'Myogenic Regulatory Factor 5', 'Myogenin', 'Ribs', 'Trans-Activators', 'Transcription Factors']
| 8,587,605
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.210.500'], ['D12.776.210.500.570.595', 'D12.776.260.103.750.595', 'D12.776.930.125.750.595'], ['D12.776.210.500.570.600', 'D12.776.260.103.750.600', 'D12.776.930.125.750.600'], ['A02.835.232.570.500'], ['D12.776.260.755', 'D12.776.930.900', 'D12.776.964.925.984'], ['D12.776.930']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Major hemorrhage from pseudocysts and pseudoaneurysms caused by chronic pancreatitis: surgical therapy.
|
Acute hemorrhage from pseudocysts and pseudoaneurysms is the most rapidly lethal complication of chronic pancreatitis. Diagnostic procedures and therapy are still a subject of controversy. We report our experience with 10 patients operated on during the past 10 years. Of these patients, 5 had acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage, 2 had intraperitoneal bleeding, and 3 presented with severe unexplained anemia. Selective visceral angiography performed in 6 patients provided a specific diagnosis in 5 cases. All patients underwent surgical therapy: transcystic arterial ligation and external pancreatic pseudocyst drainage in 5 cases, distal pancreatectomy in 3 cases, and pancreaticoduodenectomy in 2 cases. Gastrectomy was necessary for control of hemorrhage in 1 case. One patient died of sepsis after a pancreaticoduodenectomy. No rebleeding occurred. Surgical therapy with low mortality and morbidity is an acceptable procedure to control bleeding and to treat the underlying pseudocyst. Distal pancreatectomy is recommended to treat bleeding lesions situated in the tail of the pancreas and transcystic arterial ligation seems to be the appropriate procedure to treat bleeding lesions situated in the head and body of the pancreas.
|
['Adult', 'Aneurysm', 'Chronic Disease', 'Female', 'Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreatectomy', 'Pancreatic Diseases', 'Pancreatic Pseudocyst', 'Pancreatitis']
| 1,949,866
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C14.907.055'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['C06.405.227', 'C23.550.414.788'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.210.752'], ['C06.689'], ['C04.182.640.692', 'C06.689.500.692'], ['C06.689.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Institutionalization of programs in medical education.
|
Through the use of questionnaires and interview schedules during extended site visits, sixteen programs training residents in non-family medicine primary care were studied to determine what factors contributed to program success -- known as "institutionalization" -- or to program failure. The findings revealed that programs were initiated for either philosophic or pragmatic money reasons. For programs to begin, to continue, and to be institutionalized was due to several contributing key factors. These included the resolution of programmatic differences in regard to goals; development of a substantive quality program; presence of forceful and respected leadership; tangible support of the administration and key academic departments; commitment of the teaching staff; anticipation of potential conflicts; participation of the involved lay and professional community; and the availability of some continued funding. The study also revealed that one program was a complete failure and had to be aborted because none of the key factors were present. The study concluded that the best way for institutionalization to occur is to assure that sound and comprehensive planning takes place. With thorough and anticipatory planning, the conditions essential to program institutionalization can be met more easily.
|
['Internship and Residency', 'Primary Health Care', 'Training Support', 'United States']
| 10,252,779
|
[['I02.358.337.350.500', 'I02.358.399.350.750'], ['N04.590.233.727'], ['N03.219.483.838'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
The coming acceleration of global population ageing.
|
The future paths of population ageing result from specific combinations of declining fertility and increasing life expectancies in different parts of the world. Here we measure the speed of population ageing by using conventional measures and new ones that take changes in longevity into account for the world as a whole and for 13 major regions. We report on future levels of indicators of ageing and the speed at which they change. We show how these depend on whether changes in life expectancy are taken into account. We also show that the speed of ageing is likely to increase over the coming decades and to decelerate in most regions by mid-century. All our measures indicate a continuous ageing of the world's population throughout the century. The median age of the world's population increases from 26.6 years in 2000 to 37.3 years in 2050 and then to 45.6 years in 2100, when it is not adjusted for longevity increase. When increases in life expectancy are taken into account, the adjusted median age rises from 26.6 in 2000 to 31.1 in 2050 and only to 32.9 in 2100, slightly less than what it was in the China region in 2005. There are large differences in the regional patterns of ageing. In North America, the median age adjusted for life expectancy change falls throughout almost the entire century, whereas the conventional median age increases significantly. Our assessment of trends in ageing is based on new probabilistic population forecasts. The probability that growth in the world's population will end during this century is 88%, somewhat higher than previously assessed. After mid-century, lower rates of population growth are likely to coincide with slower rates of ageing.
|
['Age Distribution', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aging', 'Emigration and Immigration', 'Geography', 'Humans', 'Internationality', 'Life Expectancy', 'Longevity', 'Middle Aged', 'Mortality', 'Population Density', 'Time Factors']
| 18,204,438
|
[['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G07.345.124'], ['I01.240.600.525.500', 'N01.224.625.525.500', 'N06.850.505.400.700.525.500'], ['H01.277.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.615'], ['E05.318.308.985.450', 'N01.224.935.464', 'N06.850.505.400.975.450', 'N06.850.520.308.985.450'], ['G07.345.124.519', 'G07.540'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.550', 'N01.224.935.698', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550'], ['N01.224.600', 'N06.850.505.400.600'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Grammar in Boys With Idiopathic Autism Spectrum Disorder and Boys With Fragile X Syndrome Plus Autism Spectrum Disorder.
|
Purpose: Some boys with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and boys with fragile X syndrome and a codiagnosis of ASD (FXS+ASD) have impairments in expressive grammatical abilities. The current study compared grammatical performance in these 2 groups of school-age boys.Method: Thirty-seven boys similar on mean length of utterance participated in the current study (FXS: n = 19, ASD: n = 18). Participants completed an ASD assessment, nonverbal IQ testing, and conversation language samples. Convergent validity of a sentence imitation task with a norm-referenced assessment of grammar was examined in addition to divergent validity of the measures with nonverbal IQ and vocabulary comprehension and production.Results: The boys with ASD outperformed the boys with FXS+ASD on the norm-referenced assessment of "be," and effect sizes indicate that the boys with ASD had better performance on past tense probes on the sentence imitation task and "do" on the norm-referenced assessment. The two measures of grammar had good convergent validity except for copula and auxiliary "be" and "do." Grammatical performance was not correlated with nonverbal IQ, and trends indicate a relationship between vocabulary and grammar.Conclusions: Despite being similar on mean length of utterance, there were group differences on grammatical performance. The sentence imitation task had good convergent validity with a norm-referenced assessment of grammar for the third-person singular and past tense probes and therefore could be an inexpensive and valid tool to use clinically for these populations. Future research should continue to refine this task, particularly for the probes with high rates of unscorable responses (i.e., "be" and "do").
|
['Adolescent', 'Autism Spectrum Disorder', 'Child', 'Fragile X Syndrome', 'Humans', 'Intelligence', 'Language Tests', 'Linguistics', 'Male']
| 29,541,769
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F03.625.164.113'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C10.597.606.360.455.500', 'C16.131.260.830.300', 'C16.320.180.830.300', 'C16.320.322.500.500', 'C16.320.400.525.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.752.543'], ['F04.711.513.240'], ['L01.559.598']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Cellular uptake of Aib-containing amphipathic helix peptide.
|
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are useful tools for the delivery of hydrophilic bioactive molecules, such as peptides, proteins, and oligonucleotides, across the cell membrane. To realize the delivery of therapeutic macromolecules by CPPs, the CPPs are required to show resistance to protease and no cytotoxicity. In order to produce potent non-toxic and protease-resistant CPPs with high cellular uptake, we designed an amphipathic helix peptide using á-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib, U) and named it MAP(Aib). In the MAP(Aib) molecule, five Aib residues are aligned on the hydrophobic face of the helix and five lysine (K) residues are aligned on the hydrophilic face. MAP(Aib) showed potent resistance to trypsin and pronase compared with MAP, an amphipathic helix peptide formed by usual amino acids. Fluorescein-labeled MAP(Aib) efficiently traversed the A549 cell membrane, diffusing into the cytoplasm and slightly into the nucleus without exerting any cytotoxicity. In contrast, MAP was poorly taken up by the cell. These results indicate that the incorporation of Aib residues into CPPs markedly improves cellular uptake and MAP(Aib) may be a useful tool for the delivery of hydrophilic macromolecules.
|
['Aminoisobutyric Acids', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Membrane', 'Cell-Penetrating Peptides', 'Drug Design', 'Drug Discovery', 'Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Humans', 'Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions', 'Macromolecular Substances', 'Molecular Structure', 'Peptides', 'Pronase', 'Protein Structure, Secondary', 'Trypsin']
| 21,875,799
|
[['D02.241.081.114.968.249', 'D12.125.070.075', 'D12.125.190.055'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['A11.284.149'], ['D12.644.098'], ['E05.290.500', 'H01.158.703.007.338.500', 'H01.181.466.338.500'], ['E05.295', 'H01.158.703.007.675', 'H01.181.466.675'], ['E05.290.750', 'E05.337.550'], ['A11.436'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.409'], ['D05'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D12.644'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.680', 'D08.811.277.656.300.760.638', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.680', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.638'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.895', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.895']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Parasites of domestic and wild animals in South Africa. XXIII. Helminth and arthropod parasites of warthogs, Phacochoerus aethiopicus, in the eastern Transvaal Lowveld.
|
A total of 69 warthogs, Phacochoerus aethiopicus, were collected from 4 localities within the Kruger National Park, eastern Transvaal Lowveld. These animals harboured 16 nematode species, 2 trematodes, 1 or 2 species of adult cestodes and the larval stages of 4 cestodes. No pattern of seasonal abundance could be determined for any of the helminths. The warthogs were also infested with 3 flea species, 1 louse species, 8 ixodid tick species, 1 argasid tick and the nymphae of a pentastomid. The seasonal abundance of fleas of the genus Echidnophaga, of the sucking louse Haematopinus phacochoeri and the ixodid ticks Amblyomma hebraeum, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, Rhipicephalus simus and Rhipicephalus zambeziensis was determined.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Wild', 'Arthropods', 'Helminths', 'Seasons', 'South Africa', 'Swine']
| 3,194,114
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.300'], ['B01.050.500.131'], ['B01.050.500.500'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['Z01.058.290.175.735'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
The intergenerational transference of alcohol use behaviour from parents to offspring: a test of the cognitive model.
|
The current study tested the model proposed by Campbell and Oei (2010), and assessed the separate components of the model to best explain the intergenerational transference of alcohol use behaviour. Results revealed an adequate fit of all three models with significant differences between the Cognitive and Behavioral Models, and the Full Cognitive Model. Results suggest that cognitions are not a direct means by which parental drinking behaviour is transferred to their offspring however the parental behaviour impacted on their children's behaviour via their alcohol cognitions.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Alcoholism', 'Cognition', 'Family', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Parent-Child Relations', 'Parents', 'Risk Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Transference, Psychology']
| 20,219,287
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['C25.775.100.250', 'F03.900.100.350'], ['F02.463.188'], ['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.599'], ['F01.829.263.370.290'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['F04.754.720.864']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
RMTL: an R library for multi-task learning.
|
MOTIVATION: Multi-task learning (MTL) is a machine learning technique for simultaneous learning of multiple related classification or regression tasks. Despite its increasing popularity, MTL algorithms are currently not available in the widely used software environment R, creating a bottleneck for their application in biomedical research.RESULTS: We developed an efficient, easy-to-use R library for MTL (www.r-project.org) comprising 10 algorithms applicable for regression, classification, joint predictor selection, task clustering, low-rank learning and incorporation of biological networks. We demonstrate the utility of the algorithms using simulated data.AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: The RMTL package is an open source R package and is freely available at https://github.com/transbioZI/RMTL. RMTL will also be available on cran.r-project.org.SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
|
['Algorithms', 'Databases, Genetic', 'Machine Learning', 'Software']
| 30,256,897
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.325', 'L01.470.750.750.325'], ['G17.035.250.500', 'L01.224.050.375.530'], ['L01.224.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of dissolved oxygen and carbon-nitrogen loads on denitrification by an aerobic consortium.
|
Four samples of natural ecosystems and one sample from an activated sludge treatment plant were mixed together and progressively adapted to alternating aerobic/anoxic phases in the presence of nitrate in order to enrich the microflora in aerobic denitrifiers. Aerobic denitrifying performances of this mixed ecosystem at various dissolved oxygen concentrations and various carbon-nitrogen loads were evaluated and compared to those obtained with the aerobic denitrifier Microvirgula aerodenitrificans. The consortium and the pure strain exhibited an aerobic denitrifying activity at air saturation conditions (7 mg dissolved oxygen 1(-1)), i.e. there was co-respiration of the two electron acceptors with significant specific nitrate reduction rates. Dissolved oxygen concentrations had no influence on denitrifying performances above a defined threshold: 0.35 mg l(-1) for the consortium and 4.5 mg l(-1) for M. aerodenitrificans respectively. Under these thresholds, decreasing the dissolved oxygen concentrations enhanced the denitrifying activity of each culture. The higher the carbon and nitrogen loads, the higher the performance of the aerobic denitrifying ecosystem. However, for M. aerodenitrificans, the nitrate reduction percentage was affected more by variations in nitrogen load than in carbon load.
|
['Aerobiosis', 'Biomass', 'Nitrogen', 'Oxygen', 'Sewage']
| 11,092,629
|
[['G02.111.017', 'G03.049'], ['G16.500.275.157.100', 'N06.230.124.100'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['D20.944.932.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Anxiety sensitivity and nonclinical panic attacks.
|
The present study examined anxiety sensitivity in relation to trait anxiety and the occurrence of nonclinical panic attacks in 265 subjects. Fifty percent of high anxiety sensitivity subjects reported panic attacks (both cued and spontaneous) in the past year. In addition, almost 42% of subjects with high anxiety sensitivity but no history of panic reported a high level of trait anxiety concerning physical danger. The results suggest that anxiety sensitivity is frequently not independent of other forms of anxiety.
|
['Adult', 'Anxiety', 'Arousal', 'Association Learning', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Panic', 'Personality Inventory', 'Set, Psychology', 'Social Environment']
| 1,888,327
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.132'], ['F02.830.104', 'G11.561.035'], ['F02.463.425.069.296'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.470.361.585'], ['F04.711.647.513'], ['F02.463.425.838'], ['I01.880.853.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Adhesion and activation of platelets and polymorphonuclear granulocyte cells at TiO2 surfaces.
|
The initial reactions of two TiO2 surfaces with blood were investigated by short-time exposure to capillary blood and analysis of surface-adsorbed plasma proteins and surface-adhering cells by using immunofluorescence techniques. Antibodies directed against platelet membrane antigen and P-selectin were used to visualize platelet adhesion and activation. Acridine orange and anti-CD11b were used to detect adhesion and activation of polymorphonuclear granulocytes (PMNs). Antibodies against thrombospondin were used as markers for platelet alpha-granules. The fluorescence intensity was quantitated by computer-aided image analysis. Commercially pure, polished sheet titanium was oxidized in two different ways: (1) the natural oxide was dissolved with hydrofluoric acid and a new oxide layer was grown by oxidation in nitric acid, or (2) annealing was performed at 700 degrees C in air. Auger electron spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that both surfaces had similar composition consisting of TiO2 covered by a carbonaceous surface contamination layer. The thickness of the oxide layer was 4 nm on the acid-oxidized surface and 39 nm on the annealed surface. Optical profilometry and scanning electron microscopy showed that the acid-oxidized surface was rough and the annealed surface was smooth. The fibrinogen/prothrombin-thrombin ratio in the initial protein film differed between the surfaces. The number of adhering platelets was larger at the surface with a high surface concentration of adsorbed fibrinogen. Platelet activation (CD62) and priming of PMNs (CD 11b) were also significantly higher on the acid-oxidized surface. The results indicate that non-self recognition of biomaterials is an array of transient reactions comprising protein-material, protein-cell, and cell-cell interactions.
|
['Biocompatible Materials', 'Biomarkers', 'Blood Coagulation Factors', 'Blood Platelets', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Macrophage-1 Antigen', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Neutrophils', 'P-Selectin', 'Surface Properties', 'Titanium']
| 9,011,589
|
[['D25.130', 'D27.720.102.130', 'J01.637.051.130'], ['D23.101'], ['D12.776.124.125', 'D23.119'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['G04.022'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.408.495.500', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.600.500', 'D12.776.543.750.705.833.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.700.775', 'D12.776.395.550.625.905', 'D12.776.503.843.775', 'D12.776.543.550.200.700.775', 'D12.776.543.550.625.905', 'D23.050.301.350.700.775'], ['G02.860'], ['D01.268.557.800', 'D01.268.956.878', 'D01.552.547.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Failure mechanisms of ventricular tissue due to deep penetration.
|
Lead perforation is a rare but serious complication of pacemaker implantations, and in the present study the associated tissue failure was investigated by means of in-vitro penetration of porcine and bovine ventricular tissue. Rectangular patches from the right ventricular free wall and the interventricular septum were separated, bi-axially stretched and immersed in physiological salt solution at 37( composite function)C before load displacement curves of in total 891 penetrations were recorded. To this end flat-bottomed cylindrical punches of different diameters were used, and following mechanical testing the penetration sites were histological analyzed using light and electron microscopes. Penetration pressure, i.e. penetration force divided by punch cross-sectional area decreased slightly from 2.27(SD 0.66) to 1.76(SD0.46)N/mm(2) for punches of 1.32 to 2.30 mm in diameter, respectively. Deep penetration formed cleavages aligned with the local fiber orientation of the tissue, and hence, a mode-I crack developed, where the crack faces were wedged open by the advancing punch. The performed study derived novel failure data from ventricular tissue due to deep penetration and uncovered associated failure mechanisms. This provides information to derive mechanical failure models, which are essential to enrich our current understanding of failure of soft biological tissues and to guide medical device development.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Elasticity', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Medical Laboratory Science', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Swine']
| 19,200,998
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['G01.374.590'], ['A07.541.560'], ['H02.010.450', 'J01.897.480'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Urodynamics rationale. The flow curve].
|
OBJECTIVE: To describe the mathematical representation of a common phenomenon: the urinary flow curve.METHODS: The statistical adjustment for minimum squares was the method employed in the study.RESULTS: A mathematical expression was obtained with a goodness of fit for each flow curve and an acceptable margin of error.CONCLUSIONS: The model which considers the flow curve as a parabola is not useful since this is an expression of a statistical phenomenon that varies from case to case. We utilized the minimum squares fit to obtain a regression curve that provides the nearest possible representation of urinary flow. Furthermore, we consider the flow curve to be the result of forces that develop in the detrusor, which produces the complex phenomenon of voiding. This study is the first step toward the development of a mathematical representation of the urinary flow mechanics.
|
['Humans', 'Mathematics', 'Urodynamics']
| 10,802,919
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H01.548'], ['G08.852.898']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of open water on the performance of a constructed wetland for nonpoint source pollution control.
|
The seasonal performance of four differently configured constructed wetland systems was compared for the treatment efficiency of nonpoint source pollution. Dead plants in the constructed wetlands increased the nitrogen removal rate during winter by providing organic carbon, which is essential for the denitrification process. However, when the wetlands released phosphorus from the dead plants, the removal rate of phosphorus decreased. After seven growing seasons, plant coverage was nearly 100%, and the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration was lowered to 1.3-5.4 mg/L. Open-water sections were then constructed inside the wetlands, which resulted in enhanced DO concentrations as well as improved treatment efficiency of nutrients and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). Overall, performance of the constructed wetland was improved BOD, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus with the establishment of open water sections in the constructed wetland system.
|
['Waste Disposal, Fluid', 'Water', 'Water Microbiology', 'Water Pollutants', 'Water Pollution', 'Water Purification', 'Water Supply', 'Wetlands']
| 20,818,039
|
[['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.777', 'N06.850.425.450'], ['D27.888.284.903'], ['N06.850.460.790'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.900.900', 'N06.850.860.510.900.900'], ['J01.293.821.500'], ['G16.500.275.157.812', 'N06.230.124.625']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Inflammatory mediators in uveitis: differential induction of cytokines and chemokines in Th1- versus Th2-mediated ocular inflammation.
|
Ocular inflammation leads to vision loss through the destruction and scarring of delicate tissues along the visual axis. To identify inflammatory mediators involved in this process, we used real time RT-PCR to quantify the expression of mRNA transcripts of 34 cytokines, 26 chemokines, and 14 chemokine receptors at certain time points during T cell-mediated ocular inflammation. We induced disease by adoptive transfer of Ag-specific Th1 or Th2 cells into recipients expressing the target Ag in their eyes. We also compared the mediator expression patterns seen in adoptive transfer-induced inflammation with that seen in mouse eyes developing experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis. In addition, we used laser capture microdissection to examine chemokine mRNA production by both retinal pigment epithelium cells and infiltrating leukocytes in inflamed eyes. Major findings included the following: 1) Three patterns of expression of the inflammation-related molecules were seen in recipients of adoptively transferred Th cells: preferential expression in Th1 recipients, or in Th2 recipients, or similar expression in both recipient groups. 2) In experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis, the inflammatory mediator expression pattern largely paralleled that seen in Th1-induced disease. 3) Both retinal pigment epithelium and infiltrating leukocytes expressed chemokine transcripts in distinct, but overlapping patterns in inflamed eyes. 4) Interestingly, transcripts of multiple cytokines, chemokines, and chemokine receptors were constitutively expressed in high levels in mouse eyes. Seven of these molecules have not been previously associated with the eye. These data underscore the multiplicity of mediators that participate in the pathogenesis of eye inflammation and point to upstream cytokines as potential therapeutic targets.
|
['Adoptive Transfer', 'Animals', 'Autoimmune Diseases', 'Cell Movement', 'Chemokines', 'Cytokines', 'Kinetics', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Muramidase', 'Pigment Epithelium of Eye', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Th1 Cells', 'Th2 Cells', 'Transcriptional Activation', 'Uveitis']
| 11,859,142
|
[['E02.095.465.425.400.330.050', 'E05.478.550.520.050'], ['B01.050'], ['C20.111'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['D12.644.276.374.200', 'D12.776.467.374.200', 'D23.125.300', 'D23.469.200', 'D23.529.374.200'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['D08.811.277.450.642'], ['A09.371.670', 'A10.272.640'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.400.900', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.400.900', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.400.900', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.400.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.400.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.400.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.400.900', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.400.900', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.400.900'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.400.905', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.400.905', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.400.905', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.400.750', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.400.750', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.400.750', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.400.905', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.400.905', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.400.905'], ['G05.308.800'], ['C11.941.879']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prediction of recurrent venous thrombosis in all patients with a first venous thrombotic event: The Leiden Thrombosis Recurrence Risk Prediction model (L-TRRiP).
|
BACKGROUND: Recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) is common. Current guidelines suggest that patients with unprovoked VTE should continue anticoagulants unless they have a high bleeding risk, whereas all others can stop. Prediction models may refine this dichotomous distinction, but existing models apply only to patients with unprovoked first thrombosis. We aimed to develop a prediction model for all patients with first VTE, either provoked or unprovoked.METHODS AND FINDINGS: Data were used from two population-based cohorts of patients with first VTE from the Netherlands (Multiple Environment and Genetic Assessment of Risk Factors for Venous Thrombosis [MEGA] follow-up study, performed from 1994 to 2009; model derivation; n = 3,750) and from Norway (Troms? study, performed from 1999 to 2016; model validation; n = 663). Four versions of a VTE prediction model were developed: model A (clinical, laboratory, and genetic variables), model B (clinical variables and fewer laboratory markers), model C (clinical and genetic factors), and model D (clinical variables only). The outcome measure was recurrent VTE. To determine the discriminatory power, Harrell's C-statistic was calculated. A prognostic score was assessed for each patient. Kaplan-Meier plots for the observed recurrence risks were created in quintiles of the prognostic scores. For each patient, the 2-year predicted recurrence risk was calculated. Models C and D were validated in the Troms? study. During 19,201 person-years of follow-up (median duration 5.7 years) in the MEGA study, 507 recurrences occurred. Model A had the highest predictive capability, with a C-statistic of 0.73 (95% CI 0.71-0.76). The discriminative performance was somewhat lower in the other models, with C-statistics of 0.72 for model B, 0.70 for model C, and 0.69 for model D. Internal validation showed a minimal degree of optimism bias. Models C and D were externally validated, with C-statistics of 0.64 (95% CI 0.62-0.66) and 0.65 (95% CI 0.63-0.66), respectively. According to model C, in 2,592 patients with provoked first events, 367 (15%) patients had a predicted 2-year risk of >10%, whereas in 1,082 patients whose first event was unprovoked, 484 (45%) had a predicted 2-year risk of <10%. A limitation of both cohorts is that laboratory measurements were missing in a substantial proportion of patients, which therefore were imputed.CONCLUSIONS: The prediction model we propose applies to patients with provoked or unprovoked first VTE-except for patients with (a history of) cancer-allows refined risk stratification, and is easily usable. For optimal individualized treatment, a management study in which bleeding risks are also taken into account is necessary.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Algorithms', 'Anticoagulants', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Netherlands', 'Norway', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Probability', 'Prognosis', 'Recurrence', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Venous Thrombosis', 'Young Adult']
| 31,603,898
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['D27.505.954.502.119'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C23.550.414'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.542.651'], ['Z01.542.816.374'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['E01.789'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C14.907.355.830.925'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Polymorphisms in the PON gene cluster are associated with Alzheimer disease.
|
Paraoxonase is an arylesterase enzyme that is expressed in the liver and found in the circulation in association with apoA1 and the high-density lipoprotein, and prevents the accumulation of oxidized lipids in low-density lipoproteins in vitro. Common polymorphisms in genes encoding paraoxonase are established risk factors in a variety of vascular disorders including coronary artery disease and carotid artery stenosis, but their association with Alzheimer disease (AD) is controversial. We tested the association of 29 SNPs in PON1, PON2 and PON3 with AD in 730 Caucasian and 467 African American participants of the MIRAGE Study, an ongoing multi-center family-based genetic epidemiology study of AD. Eight SNPs were associated with AD in the African American families (0.0001< or =P< or =0.04) and two SNPs were associated with AD in Caucasian families (0.01< or =P< or =0.04). Of note, the pattern of association for the PON1 promoter SNP -161[C/T] was the same in both ethnic groups (P=0.006). Haplotype analysis using sliding windows revealed 11 contiguous SNP combinations spanning the three PON genes with significant global test scores (0.006< or =P< or =0.04) in the two ethnic groups combined. The most significantly associated haplotype comprised SNPs in the region spanning the -161[C/T] SNP (P=0.00009). Our results demonstrate association between AD and variants in the PON gene cluster in Caucasians and African Americans.
|
['African Americans', 'Alzheimer Disease', 'Aryldialkylphosphatase', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Gene Frequency', 'Humans', 'Linkage Disequilibrium', 'Multigene Family', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'United States']
| 16,319,130
|
[['M01.686.508.100.100', 'M01.686.754.100'], ['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['D08.811.277.352.660.500'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['G05.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.348.500'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Renal tubular damage after renal stone treatment.
|
50 patients were studied with respect to renal tubular damage related to open operative, percutaneous and extracorporeal shock wave treatment of renal stones. Preoperative and postoperative urinary N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG) levels were measured as a marker of renal damage. There was no significant evidence of renal tubular damage in patients who underwent a conventional or percutaneous nephrolithotomy; urinary NAG excretion was significantly increased after ischaemic surgery. After extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) serum NAG levels increased, probably because a damage of the white blood cells in cutaneous and renal circulation, but a slight increase of urinary NAG excretion could suggest a mild renal tubular damage especially in case of more than 2,000 shocks.
|
['Acetylglucosaminidase', 'Creatine Kinase', 'Humans', 'Isoenzymes', 'Kidney Calculi', 'Kidney Tubules', 'L-Lactate Dehydrogenase', 'Lithotripsy']
| 3,368,997
|
[['D08.811.277.450.483.180.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.640.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['C12.777.419.600.500', 'C12.777.967.249.500', 'C12.777.967.500.503', 'C13.351.968.419.600.500', 'C13.351.968.967.249.500', 'C13.351.968.967.500.503', 'C23.300.175.850.550'], ['A05.810.453.736.560'], ['D08.811.682.047.551.400', 'D08.811.682.047.820.493'], ['E02.600', 'E04.943.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Telomere dysfunction triggers extensive DNA fragmentation and evolution of complex chromosome abnormalities in human malignant tumors.
|
Although mechanisms for chromosomal instability in tumors have been described in animal and in vitro models, little is known about these processes in man. To explore cytogenetic evolution in human tumors, chromosomal breakpoint profiles were constructed for 102 pancreatic carcinomas and 140 osteosarcomas, two tumor types characterized by extensive genomic instability. Cases with few chromosomal alterations showed a preferential clustering of breakpoints to the terminal bands, whereas tumors with many changes showed primarily interstitial and centromeric breakpoints. The terminal breakpoint frequency was negatively correlated to telomeric TTAGGG repeat length, and fluorescence in situ hybridization with telomeric TTAGGG probes consistently indicated shortened telomeres and >10% of chromosome ends lacking telomeric signals. Because telomeric dysfunction may lead to formation of unstable ring and dicentric chromosomes, mitotic figures were also evaluated. Anaphase bridges were found in all cases, and fluorescence in situ hybridization demonstrated extensive structural rearrangements of chromosomes, with terminal transferase detection showing fragmented DNA in 5-20% of interphase cells. Less than 2% of cells showed evidence of necrosis or apoptosis, and telomerase was expressed in the majority of cases. Telomeric dysfunction may thus trigger chromosomal fragmentation through persistent bridge-breakage events in pancreatic carcinomas and osteosarcomas, leading to a continuous reorganization of the tumor genome. Telomerase expression is not sufficient for completely stabilizing the chromosome complement but may be crucial for preventing complete genomic deterioration and maintaining cellular survival.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cell Survival', 'Chromosome Aberrations', 'DNA Fragmentation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interphase', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms', 'Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid', 'Telomerase', 'Telomere']
| 11,675,499
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G04.346'], ['C23.550.210', 'G05.365.590.175'], ['G05.200.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G04.144.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04'], ['G02.111.570.080.708', 'G05.360.080.708'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300.750.750', 'D12.776.157.687.613', 'D12.776.157.725.500.921', 'D12.776.660.720.613', 'D12.776.664.962.500.921'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.845', 'G05.360.160.845']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Host suppression of quorum sensing during catheter-associated urinary tract infections.
|
Chronic bacterial infections on medical devices, including catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI), are associated with bacterial biofilm communities that are refractory to antibiotic therapy and resistant to host immunity. Previously, we have shown that Pseudomonas aeruginosa can cause CAUTI by forming a device-associated biofilm that is independent of known biofilm exopolysaccharides. Here, we show by RNA-seq that host urine alters the transcriptome of P. aeruginosa by suppressing quorum sensing regulated genes. P. aeruginosa produces acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) in the presence of urea, but cannot perceive AHLs. Repression of quorum sensing by urine implies that quorum sensing should be dispensable during infection of the urinary tract. Indeed, mutants defective in quorum sensing are able to colonize similarly to wild-type in a murine model of CAUTI. Quorum sensing-regulated processes in clinical isolates are also inhibited by urea. These data show that urea in urine is a natural anti-quorum sensing mechanism in mammals.
|
['Acyl-Butyrolactones', 'Animals', 'Catheter-Related Infections', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'Host-Pathogen Interactions', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Phenotype', 'Pseudomonas Infections', 'Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'Quorum Sensing', 'Sequence Analysis, RNA', 'Urea', 'Urinary Tract Infections']
| 30,361,690
|
[['D02.540.232'], ['B01.050'], ['C01.195'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['G05.308.300'], ['G06.462', 'G16.527.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G05.695'], ['C01.150.252.400.739'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.100', 'B03.660.250.580.590.050'], ['G04.085.700', 'G06.550.700'], ['E05.393.760.710'], ['D02.065.950'], ['C01.915', 'C12.777.892', 'C13.351.968.892']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Using polymer chemistry to modulate the delivery of neurotrophic factors from degradable microspheres: delivery of BDNF.
|
PURPOSE: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an important role in neuroprotection and repair, but long-term delivery from polymer systems has been challenging. We investigated the role the chemistry of the polymer played in loading and delivery of BDNF via microspheres, which are suitable for minimally invasive administration.METHODS: We synthesized polymers based on PLGA and PEG to determine what components augmented loading and delivery. We characterized microspheres fabricated from these polymers using a battery of tests, including sizing, in vitro release, and bioactivity of the BDNF using PC12 cells engineered to express the trkB receptor.RESULTS: We found that a triblock polymer of PLGA, PLL, and PEG led to the delivery of BDNF for periods of time greater than 60 days and that the BDNF delivered was bioactive. The microsphere size was amendable to injection via a 30 gauge needle, allowing minimally invasive delivery.CONCLUSIONS: PLGA-PLL-PEG leads to greater loading and longer-term delivery of BDNF than PLGA or a blend of the polymers. We hypothesize that the introduction of an amphiphilic PLGA-based polymer increases the interaction of the BDNF with the polymer and leads to release that more closely correlates with the degradation of the polymer.
|
['Animals', 'Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Chemistry, Pharmaceutical', 'Drug Carriers', 'Lactic Acid', 'Microspheres', 'Models, Chemical', 'PC12 Cells', 'Particle Size', 'Polyethylene Glycols', 'Polyglycolic Acid', 'Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer', 'Polylysine', 'Polymers', 'Rats', 'Receptor, trkB', 'Solubility']
| 19,921,405
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.644.276.860.100', 'D12.776.467.860.100', 'D12.776.631.600.100', 'D23.529.850.100'], ['G04.152'], ['H01.158.703.007', 'H01.181.466'], ['D26.255.260', 'E02.319.300.380'], ['D02.241.511.459.450'], ['E07.565'], ['E05.599.495'], ['A11.251.210.190.750', 'A11.251.860.180.750', 'A11.299.500'], ['G02.712'], ['D02.033.455.250.700', 'D05.750.741', 'D25.720.741', 'J01.637.051.720.741'], ['D05.750.728.780', 'D25.720.728.780', 'J01.637.051.720.728.780'], ['D02.241.511.459.450.500', 'D05.750.728.780.500', 'D25.720.728.780.500', 'J01.637.051.720.728.780.500'], ['D12.125.068.555.750', 'D12.125.095.647.750', 'D12.644.760'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.700', 'D12.776.543.750.630.498', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.550.600'], ['G02.805']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Measles epidemics and seroepidemiology of population in Wujin, Changzhou city, Jiangsu province, China 2015.
|
The measles epidemic was rather severe in Wujin 2015, and a seroprevalence survey of measles antibody was conducted during June to September 2015 in Wjin district of Changzhou city. Blood samples were collected from community health population and convenient samples of residual blood from hospitals. Measles-specific IgG levels were measured by ELISA assay. A total of 122 measles cases were reported 2015 in Wujin district with an incidence of 8.31 per 100000 populations. A large proportion of measles cases were adults ?20years (62.30%) and infants aged <18months (28.69%). Floating population accounted for 68.57% of all cases. 1070 blood samples aged from 9months to 49years old were collected and the overall seroprevalence and geometric mean titer (GMT) of measles were 82.71% and 551.19mIU/ml, respectively. Although the seroprevalence among children aged 9months to 4years was consistently over 90%, it began to decrease since 24months, and till the age of ?10years, the seroprevalences were all <80%, however, the seroprevalence rised to above 80% in people over 40years. There were no significant differences between the two blood sample sources in the level of seroprevalence and GMT. Also no significant differences were observed in the seroprevalence of measles and GMT levels between genders. The seroprevalence and GMT in people with measles vaccination were higher than those without measles vaccination or people whose measles vaccination are unknown (P<0.001). Our study indicated that the adult measles cases have become a serious problem in Wujin district, which may mainly relate to the increasing size of the floating population with low measles vaccine coverage. The seroprevalence of measles decreased dramatically with increasing age since teenagers, which may mainly caused by waning vaccine-induced immunity. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen measles vaccine in these people especially floating population.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Antibodies, Viral', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'China', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Epidemics', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Measles', 'Measles Vaccine', 'Measles virus', 'Middle Aged', 'Population Surveillance', 'Seroepidemiologic Studies', 'Serologic Tests', 'Young Adult']
| 28,433,329
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['N06.850.290.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C01.925.782.580.600.500.500'], ['D20.215.894.899.404'], ['B04.820.480.937.600.650.500.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675'], ['E05.318.372.500.950', 'N05.715.360.330.500.950', 'N06.850.520.450.500.950'], ['E01.370.225.812.735', 'E05.200.812.735', 'E05.478.594.760'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Fluoride-induced fractures: relation to osteogenic effect.
|
The possible effects of fluoride in inducing fractures were studied in 61 patients treated with sodium fluoride (NaF), 40-60 mg daily in combination with calcium and vitamin D. Nine patients developed the fluoride-(F) related lower extremity pain syndrome. Four other patients had stress fractures associated with trauma. Seven of the 61 patients had 10 upper femur fractures of which 5 were stress fractures. The bone mineral mass of the central skeleton including the hips was measured by neutron activation and the results expressed as a calcium bone index (CaBI) which normalizes the results to that of young adults of the same body size (normal range 0.75-1.2). At the time of hip fracture, 4 patients with a minimal increase in bone mass (mean delta CaBI 0.01) had 4 femur fractures and 3 patients with a marked increase (mean delta CaBI 0.24) had 6. The 7 patients with upper femur fractures at 4 years had a significantly higher bone fluoride retention, 30 mg/g Ca compared with 23.9 mg/g Ca for the other 54 (p less than 0.02) and were older, 73.1 versus 64.2 years (p less than 0.01). Using all 61 fluoride-treated patients, femur fractures/patient were significantly correlated to bone fluoride (p less than 0.05) and to age (p less than 0.05). By partial correlation, only the correlation between hip fractures/patient and bone fluoride remained significant after controlling for the effect of age (p less than 0.05). These results suggest that fluoride therapy may be implicated in the pathogenesis of hip fractures which may occur in treated patients despite a rapid, marked increase in bone mass. The lower extremity pain syndrome is not frequently associated with stress fractures in this study.
|
['Aged', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'Femoral Neck Fractures', 'Fractures, Bone', 'Fractures, Stress', 'Humans', 'Leg', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteogenesis', 'Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal', 'Pain', 'Radionuclide Imaging', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sodium Fluoride', 'Syndrome', 'Vitamin D']
| 2,339,632
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.319.310'], ['C26.404.061.425.500', 'C26.531.750.500', 'C26.558.276.425.500'], ['C26.404'], ['C26.404.437'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.378.610.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.050.500.729', 'G11.427.578.050.500.729'], ['C05.116.198.579.610', 'C18.452.104.579.610'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['E01.370.350.710', 'E01.370.384.730'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['D01.303.350.300.875', 'D01.857.725', 'D25.223.716', 'J01.637.051.223.716'], ['C23.550.288.500'], ['D04.210.500.812.768']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Evaluation of fitness levels of children with a diagnosis of acute leukemia and lymphoma after completion of chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
|
The aim of this study was to assess the fitness levels and possible deficits in physical performance in children with a diagnosis of childhood acute leukemia and lymphoma after 10 months of therapy ending through a specific test battery. A total of 58 subjects were enrolled in this study. The experimental group (EG) (7.55 ± 2.43 years; 41.8 ± 16.37 kg; 144.6 ± 10.21 cm) consisted of 18 children with diagnosed leukemia and lymphoma after completion of 10 months of therapy intervention and 40 healthy children who were enrolled in a control group (CG) (7.92 ± 1.78 years; 37.4 ± 12.37 kg; 140.6 ± 12.61 cm). A testing battery including the standing broad jump; the sit-up test; the 4 ? 10 m shuttle run test, and the hand grip strength test were administered to both groups. An unpaired t-test was adopted to determine differences and the Pearson product moment was administered when appropriate. Results of the EG were generally lower when compared to the CG. Significant differences were identified for the standing broad jump (P < 0.05); 4 ? 10 m shuttle run (P < 0.05); hand grip test DX (P < 0.05), and hand grip test SX (P < 0.05). No significant differences were found between the sit-up tests. Pearson product moment correlation revealed a good interaction for all EG participants. Findings suggest that the proposed testing battery could be an appropriate tool to evaluate residual fitness levels in children with previous hematological malignancies. However, our results have to be confirmed with a larger number of participants with the same diagnosis of our EG.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Child', 'Exercise Test', 'Female', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Humans', 'Leukemia', 'Lymphoma', 'Male', 'Physical Fitness', 'Transplantation Conditioning', 'Transplantation, Autologous']
| 24,520,088
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.337'], ['C04.557.386', 'C15.604.515.569', 'C20.683.515.761'], ['G11.427.685', 'I03.450.642.845.054.800', 'N01.400.545'], ['E02.095.465.425.450.800', 'E05.478.610.800'], ['E04.936.664']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Myoepithelioma of minor salivary gland origin. Light and electron microscopical study.
|
A gingival tumor that invaded the anterior maxilla was removed from a 14-year-old boy and studied by light and electron microscopy. The tumor was composed exclusively of myoepithelial cells and appeared to be malignant. By light microscopy, the tumor appeared to be a poorly differentiated epithelial neoplasm of undetermined origin; however, electron microscopical examination showed myoepithelial differentiation, indicative of a salivary gland origin. To our knowledge, the present case represents the only confirmed myoepithelioma that shows features indicative of malignant potential. Myoepitheliomas may be related to mixed tumors of salivary glands.
|
['Adolescent', 'Biopsy', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Chromatin', 'Cobalt Radioisotopes', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Gingiva', 'Gingival Neoplasms', 'Glycogen', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Maxilla', 'Maxillary Neoplasms', 'Microscopy', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Myoepithelioma', 'Radiography', 'Salivary Gland Neoplasms', 'Staining and Labeling']
| 48,374
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.180', 'D12.776.664.224', 'G05.360.160.180'], ['D01.268.556.185.500.354', 'D01.268.956.155.500.354', 'D01.496.239.354', 'D01.496.749.256', 'D01.552.544.185.500.354'], ['E01.171'], ['A14.549.167.646.480'], ['C04.588.443.591.402', 'C07.465.530.402', 'C07.465.714.258.409'], ['D05.750.078.562.388', 'D09.698.365.388'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.645', 'A14.521.645'], ['C04.588.149.721.450.601', 'C05.116.231.754.450.601', 'C05.500.499.601', 'C05.500.693.528', 'C07.320.515.601', 'C07.320.660.601'], ['E01.370.350.515', 'E05.595', 'H01.671.617.562'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['C04.557.435.585'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['C04.588.443.591.824', 'C07.465.530.824', 'C07.465.815.718'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670', 'E05.200.500.620.670', 'E05.200.750.600.670']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The effectiveness of hygiene procedures for prevention of cross-contamination from chicken carcases in the domestic kitchen.
|
Thirteen sites in each of 60 domestic kitchens were examined for Salmonella and Campylobacter spp. following the preparation of a chicken for cooking and the application of different hygiene regimes. During food preparation bacteria became widely disseminated to hand and food contact surfaces. Where cleaning was carried out with detergent and hot water using a prescribed routine there was no significant decrease in the frequency of contaminated surfaces. Where hypochlorite was used in addition, a significant reduction in the number of contaminated sites was observed. The study suggests that there is a need to better understand and promote effective hygiene procedures for the domestic kitchen.
|
['Animals', 'Campylobacter', 'Chickens', 'Cooking', 'Cooking and Eating Utensils', 'Disinfection', 'Food Handling', 'Hypochlorous Acid', 'Meat', 'Salmonella']
| 10,664,978
|
[['B01.050'], ['B03.440.180', 'B03.660.150.235.250.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['J01.576.423.200.200'], ['J01.494.300', 'J01.576.423.200.300', 'J01.637.370'], ['N06.850.780.200.450.850.375'], ['J01.576.423.200'], ['D01.029.260.365', 'D01.210.465', 'D01.339.431.311', 'D01.650.550.400'], ['G07.203.300.600', 'J02.500.600'], ['B03.440.450.425.800', 'B03.660.250.150.710']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Anti-allergic activity of roxithromycin: inhibition of interleukin-5 production from mouse T lymphocytes.
|
This study was designed to evaluate the effects of roxithromycin (RXM), a newly synthesized macrolide antibiotic on allergic responses in mice. RXM was orally administered into BALB/c mice once a day for 42 days in a single dose of 5 mg/kg body weight. Spleen cells (Sp C) collected from mice on day 7, 14, 28 and 42 post-RXM administration showed higher blastic activity of lymphocytes than those from control. The activity peaked on the 7th day, then gradually decreased, and returned to the control level by the 42nd day. Production of cytokines, IL-2 and IL-5, by Sp C in response to concanavalin A stimulation was also examined in the course of RXM administration. The capacity of Sp C to produce IL-2 was enhanced by oral administration of RXM for 28 days. However, a long-term (for 42 days) administration inhibited it. On the other hand, the capacity of of Sp C to produce IL-5 was strongly inhibited by oral administration of RXM; the titer of IL-5 was similar to that obtained in cultures of Sp C from control mice. These results strongly suggest that oral administration of RXM inhibits the function of Th2-type helper T lymphocytes and that a long-term administration of RXM may be beneficial in asthma and allergy.
|
['Animals', 'Cytokines', 'Interleukin-5', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Roxithromycin', 'Spleen', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 8,421,430
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.202', 'D12.776.467.374.465.186', 'D23.529.374.465.202'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['D02.540.576.500.992.630'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Nephropathies with HBsAg deposition in the kidneys].
|
Among the 646 kidney biopsies HBsAg deposition in the kidney was found in 14 cases. The clinical course of nephropathy was determined by the morphological variant of the affection. No parallelism was found between HBsAg discovery in the blood and kidney biopsy specimens. HBsAg can be a risk factor for nephropathy development.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Chronic Disease', 'Female', 'Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative', 'Hepatitis B', 'Hepatitis B Surface Antigens', 'Humans', 'Kidney Glomerulus', 'Kidney Tubules', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nephritis, Interstitial']
| 2,724,892
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['C12.777.419.570.363.615', 'C13.351.968.419.570.363.615', 'C20.425'], ['C01.221.250.500', 'C01.925.256.430.400', 'C01.925.440.435', 'C06.552.380.705.437'], ['D23.050.327.495.500.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453.324.359', 'A05.810.453.736.520'], ['A05.810.453.736.560'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C12.777.419.570.643', 'C13.351.968.419.570.643']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Imaging the effects of propofol on human cerebral glucose metabolism using positron emission tomography.
|
The effects of propofol on glucose metabolism in different cerebral regions were observed, using positron emission tomography (PET) technology, to determine a possible cerebral target region. Seven healthy volunteers were injected with (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose developing agent for PET scanning whilst awake (control group T1), during sedation (induced by 1.5 microg/ml propofol administered by target controlled injection [TCI], group T2) and when unconsciousness (induced by 2.5 microg/ml propofol administered by TCI, group T3). Whole brain glucose metabolism was reduced during propofol anaesthesia; this was initially observed in the cortical areas at the lower dose of propofol (group T2) but extended to the subcortical regions, especially the thalamus and hippocampus, at the higher dose (group T3). This suggests that these regions of the brain might be important targets that are susceptible to propofol.
|
['Adult', 'Anesthetics, Intravenous', 'Brain', 'Brain Mapping', 'Female', 'Fluorodeoxyglucose F18', 'Glucose', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Positron-Emission Tomography', 'Propofol', 'Radiopharmaceuticals']
| 19,094,440
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.696.277.100.035.075', 'D27.505.954.427.210.100.035.075'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['D09.254.229.500'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.773'], ['D27.505.259.843', 'D27.505.519.871', 'D27.720.470.410.650']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Studies of coexisting honeybee and vespid-venom sensitivity.
|
Honeybee and vespid venom-specific IgE were measured by RAST in randomly selected sera of 87 patients who had had anaphylactic reactions after insect stings. Overall there was a poor correlation between the titers of honeybee venom and yellow jacket or hornet venom-specific IgE. Sera from nine patients with high titers of both honeybee venom and yellow jacket venom-specific IgE were selected for RAST-inhibition studies, with these two venoms as coupling and inhibiting antigens. Three patterns of IgE-antibody specificity were detected. Four patients had unique antibody activity with no cross-reactivity between the yellow jacket and honeybee venom-specific IgE. This is probably the most common pattern in patients with dual sensitivity. Three patients reacted to a major allergen in yellow jacket venom cross-reacting with a minor allergen in honeybee venom. Their RAST-inhibition patterns demonstrated that the yellow jacket-venom RAST was inhibited by yellow jacket venom only and the honeybee-venom RAST was inhibited by both yellow jacket venom and honeybee venom. Two patients had the opposite pattern with honeybee-venom RAST inhibited by honeybee venom only and the yellow jacket RAST inhibited by both honeybee venom and yellow jacket venom. These latter patients reacted to a major allergen in honeybee venom that was cross-reacting with a minor allergen in yellow jacket venom. Studies with rabbit antisera raised to vespid and honeybee venoms demonstrated major antigens that were unique to each family that did not cross-react and several minor cross-reacting antigens.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Bee Venoms', 'Cross Reactions', 'Desensitization, Immunologic', 'Humans', 'Hypersensitivity', 'Immune Sera', 'Immunoglobulin E', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radioallergosorbent Test', 'Wasp Venoms']
| 6,699,307
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D20.888.065.115', 'D23.946.833.065.115'], ['G12.122.281'], ['E02.095.465.425.450.310', 'E05.478.610.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C20.543'], ['A12.207.152.846.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.114.573', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.573', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.573', 'D20.215.401'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.312', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.312', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.312'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.830', 'E05.200.812.735.830', 'E05.478.566.380.810', 'E05.478.566.639.810', 'E05.478.594.760.830', 'E05.601.470.380.810', 'E05.601.470.639.810'], ['D20.888.065.970', 'D23.946.833.065.970']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Is blood transfusion necessary in all patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation associated postpartum hemorrhage?
|
OBJECTIVE: The diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in obstetrics is complicated owing to physiological changes, particularly during late pregnancy and the postpartum period. Therefore, a pregnancy-modified DIC score that includes only three components of the International Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis (ISTH) DIC score has been constructed. Our aim was to determine how many blood-transfused postpartum women actually had the diagnosis of overt DIC according to the modified ISTH score and had the correct indications for blood transfusion.METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 279 women who had received transfusion of at least two units of blood for postpartum hemorrhage. We used the modified ISTH score for DIC, which is based on platelet count, fibrinogen concentration, and prothrombin time (PT) differences. A total score of 26 points or higher indicated overt DIC, whereas a score lower than 26 points represented nonovert DIC.RESULTS: According to the modified ISTH score, 100 of the 279 patients (35.8%) had overt DIC, with a median DIC score of 37.0. Thirty-five percent of patients in the overt DIC group and 25.7% in the nonovert DIC group had received more than four units of blood. The levels of PT and activated partial thromboplastin time were higher, and the fibrinogen level was lower in patients with overt DIC.CONCLUSIONS: According to the modified ISTH score, we found that blood transfusion was unnecessary in 179 of the 279 postpartum women (64.1%). If this scoring system is used to determine which patients should be transfused, unnecessary transfusions and their related risks and complications will be prevented.
|
['Blood Transfusion', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Decision Support Techniques', 'Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation', 'Female', 'Fibrinogen', 'Humans', 'Platelet Count', 'Postpartum Hemorrhage', 'Pregnancy', 'Prothrombin Time', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Turkey']
| 29,065,752
|
[['E02.095.135'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E05.245', 'L01.313.500.750.190'], ['C15.378.100.220', 'C15.378.463.250', 'C15.378.925.220'], ['D12.776.124.050.250', 'D12.776.124.125.500', 'D12.776.811.300', 'D23.119.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.740', 'E01.370.225.625.107.700', 'E01.370.225.625.625.625', 'E05.200.500.195.107.740', 'E05.200.625.107.700', 'E05.200.625.625.625', 'E05.242.195.107.740', 'G04.140.107.740', 'G09.188.105.700'], ['C13.703.420.725', 'C13.703.844.700', 'C23.550.414.993.850'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.370.225.625.115.610', 'E05.200.625.115.610', 'G09.188.680'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['Z01.252.245.500.850']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Financial techniques for evaluating equipment acquisitions.
|
The author explains various financial techniques that can be used to evaluate equipment acquisitions. She also introduces the concept of the time value of money and explains how incorporating this concept into the analysis can provide nurse executives with a better perspective of the factors involved in committing organizational funds to long-term capital purchases.
|
['Budgets', 'Capital Financing', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Decision Making, Organizational', 'Equipment and Supplies', 'Humans', 'Leasing, Property', 'Nurse Administrators']
| 1,900,326
|
[['N03.219.463.060'], ['N03.219.463.085'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['N04.452.190'], ['E07'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.219.463.500'], ['M01.526.070.670', 'M01.526.485.650.580', 'N02.360.650.580']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Thyrotropin binding inhibiting immunoglobulins (TBII) in Graves' disease, toxic nodular goitre and autoimmune thyroiditis.
|
The occurrence of thyrotropin binding inhibiting immunoglobulins (TBII) was studied in 144 patients with different types and stages of Graves' disease (GD) including 2 patients with primary hypothyroidism which changed into hyperthyroid GD. TBII were also studied in 17 patients with toxic nodular goitre (TNG) and 29 patients with autoimmune thyroiditis. TBII was determined with a radioligand receptor assay and expressed as a TBII index which was defined as percentage binding of 125-I-labelled bovine TSH to a thyroid membrane fraction in the presence of test immunoglobulins in comparison with the maximal binding. TBII were positive in 69% of patients with untreated hyperthyroid GD, in 65% after 3-6 months of antithyroid treatment, and in 30-40% 3-114 months after discontinuation of therapy. During treatment the TBII index increased slowly towards normal levels differing significantly from the value before therapy not earlier than after at least 12 months' treatment. Both patients with primary hypothyroidism who developed hyperthyroid GD were strongly TBII positive. In patients with TNG TBII were positive in 24%. In about 30% of the patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and with spontaneous hypothyroidism positive TBII were registered. Also in 2 out of 9 patients (22%) with symptomless autoimmune thyroiditis TBII were positive. TBII are not specific for hyperthyroid GD but nevertheless useful humoral markers in several types of thyroid disorder.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Antithyroid Agents', 'Autoimmune Diseases', 'Female', 'Goiter, Nodular', 'Graves Disease', 'Humans', 'Hypothyroidism', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Immunoglobulins, Thyroid-Stimulating', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Thyroiditis', 'Thyroiditis, Autoimmune']
| 6,184,007
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D06.347.100', 'D27.505.696.399.450.100'], ['C20.111'], ['C19.874.283.501'], ['C11.675.349.500', 'C19.874.283.605', 'C19.874.397.370', 'C20.111.555'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C19.874.482'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323.480', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323.480', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C19.874.871'], ['C19.874.871.102', 'C20.111.809']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
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