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Brainstem anesthesia presenting as contralateral third nerve palsy following peribulbar anesthesia for cataract surgery.
|
Brainstem anesthesia is a serious complication that has been reported to occur more commonly with retrobulbar anesthesia compared to peribulbar anesthesia. We herein report a case of contralateral third nerve palsy following administration of peribulbar anesthesia for cataract surgery. Two hours after the surgery, the patient recovered completely without any residual neurological deficit. The importance of immediate recognition of clinical signs and symptoms of central spread of the local anesthetic and the mechanical factors of the block that could have contributed to this complication are discussed in this report.
|
['Anesthesia, Conduction', 'Brain Stem', 'Cataract Extraction', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nerve Block', 'Oculomotor Nerve Diseases']
| 24,148,744
|
[['E03.155.086'], ['A08.186.211.132'], ['E04.540.825.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E03.155.086.711', 'E04.525.210.550'], ['C10.292.562.700', 'C11.590.436']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
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Cancer patients' expectations when undergoing extensive molecular diagnostics-A qualitative study.
|
OBJECTIVE: Precision cancer medicine (PCM) aims at identifying tumor-driving molecular characteristics to improve therapy. Despite early successes for some cancers, the approach faces manifold challenges. Patients undergoing extensive molecular diagnostics (MD) may hope for personal benefit, although chances are small. In order to offer suitable support to this group, health-care professionals need to gain insight into patients' experience. Thus, this study sought to explore the expectations of cancer patients undergoing MD of their tumor.METHODS: In two German Comprehensive Cancer Centers, 30 patients with advanced-stage cancer who had exhausted conventional treatment and had consented to extensive, research-oriented MD (whole-genome sequencing n = 24, panel sequencing n = 6) participated in semi-structured interviews. Following thematic content analysis by Kuckartz, the interview transcripts were coded for expectations of MD participation and topics closely related. Moreover, patients completed questionnaires on their sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, and psychosocial distress.RESULTS: Patients reported to be expecting (a) an improvement of their treatment, (b) a contribution to research, and/or (c) additional insight to their own cancer. Further, they described to feel individually appreciated and to have a reason to maintain hope for cure or recovery by participating in MD.CONCLUSIONS: Molecular diagnostics participation led patients to feel treated in a more "personalized" way, allowing them a greater sense of control in their situation of severe illness. Oncologists and psycho-oncologists need to ensure comprehensive information and empathetic support for patients undergoing extensive MD to balance their expectations and actual chances of clinical benefit.
|
['Adult', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Motivation', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Neoplasms', 'Oncologists', 'Pathology, Molecular', 'Physician-Patient Relations', 'Qualitative Research', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 31,713,281
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['E01.789.625'], ['C04'], ['M01.526.485.810.699', 'N02.360.810.699'], ['H01.158.201.636.475.750', 'H01.158.273.343.595.475.750', 'H01.181.122.650.475.680', 'H02.403.650.505'], ['F01.829.401.650.675', 'N05.300.660.625'], ['H01.770.644.241.850'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
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Memory in Trait Macroevolution.
|
The history of a trait within a lineage may influence its future evolutionary trajectory, but macroevolutionary theory of this process is not well developed. For example, consider the simplified binary trait of living in cave versus surface habitat. The longer a species has been cave dwelling, the more accumulated loss of vision, pigmentation, and defense may restrict future adaptation if the species encounters the surface environment. However, the Markov model of discrete trait evolution that is widely adopted in phylogenetics does not allow the rate of cave-to-surface transition to decrease with longer duration as a cave dweller. Here we describe three models of evolution that remove this memoryless constraint, using a renewal process to generalize beyond the typical Poisson process of discrete trait macroevolution. We then show how the two-state renewal process can be used for inference, and we investigate the potential of phylogenetic comparative data to reveal different influences of trait duration, or memory in trait evolution. We hope that such approaches may open new avenues for modeling trait evolution and for broad comparative tests of hypotheses that some traits become entrenched.
|
['Biological Evolution', 'Markov Chains', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Phenotype', 'Phylogeny', 'Time Factors']
| 32,017,618
|
[['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['E05.318.740.600.500', 'E05.318.740.996.500', 'G17.830.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.500', 'N05.715.360.750.770.500', 'N06.850.520.830.600.500', 'N06.850.520.830.996.500'], ['E05.599'], ['G05.695'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
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Assembly of a processive messenger RNA polyadenylation complex.
|
Polyadenylation of mRNA precursors by poly(A) polymerase depends on two specificity factors and their recognition sequences. These are cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF), recognizing the polyadenylation signal AAUAAA, and poly(A) binding protein II (PAB II), interacting with the growing poly(A) tail. Their effects are independent of ATP and an RNA 5'-cap. Analysis of RNA-protein interactions by non-denaturing gel electrophoresis shows that CPSF, PAB II and poly(A) polymerase form a quaternary complex with the substrate RNA that transiently stabilizes the binding of poly(A) polymerase to the RNA 3'-end. Only the complex formed from all three proteins is competent for the processive synthesis of a full-length poly(A) tail.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Hydrolysis', 'Poly A', 'Poly(A)-Binding Proteins', 'Polynucleotide Adenylyltransferase', 'RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional', 'RNA, Messenger', 'RNA-Binding Proteins', 'Substrate Specificity', 'mRNA Cleavage and Polyadenylation Factors']
| 8,440,247
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['D12.776.157'], ['G02.380'], ['D13.695.578.550.500'], ['D12.776.157.725.452', 'D12.776.664.962.452'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.650'], ['G02.111.760', 'G03.839', 'G05.308.700'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.157.725', 'D12.776.664.962'], ['G02.111.835'], ['D12.776.157.725.124', 'D12.776.664.962.444']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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TASK-1, a two-pore domain K+ channel, is modulated by multiple neurotransmitters in motoneurons.
|
Inhibition of "leak" potassium (K+) channels is a widespread CNS mechanism by which transmitters induce slow excitation. We show that TASK-1, a two pore domain K+ channel, provides a prominent leak K+ current and target for neurotransmitter modulation in hypoglossal motoneurons (HMs). TASK-1 mRNA is present at high levels in motoneurons, including HMs, which express a K+ current with pH- and voltage-dependent properties virtually identical to those of the cloned channel. This pH-sensitive K+ channel was fully inhibited by serotonin, norepinephrine, substance P, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, and 3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine, a group I metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist. The neurotransmitter effect was entirely reconstituted in HEK 293 cells coexpressing TASK-1 and the TRH-R1 receptor. Given its expression patterns and the widespread prevalence of this neuromodulatory mechanism, TASK-1 also likely supports this action in other CNS neurons.
|
['Acids', 'Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Cell Line', 'Electric Conductivity', 'Gene Expression', 'Glutamic Acid', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Hypoglossal Nerve', 'Kidney', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Motor Neurons', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Neurotransmitter Agents', 'Norepinephrine', 'Patch-Clamp Techniques', 'Potassium', 'Potassium Channels', 'Potassium Channels, Tandem Pore Domain', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Serotonin', 'Substance P', 'Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone', 'Transfection']
| 10,719,894
|
[['D01.029'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G01.358.500.249.277'], ['G05.297'], ['D12.125.067.625.349', 'D12.125.119.409.349', 'D12.125.427.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['A08.800.800.120.330'], ['A05.810.453'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['A08.675.655.500', 'A11.671.655.500'], ['D12.776.631'], ['D27.505.519.625', 'D27.505.696.577'], ['D02.033.100.291.502', 'D02.092.063.480', 'D02.092.211.215.746', 'D02.092.311.830', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.830'], ['E05.200.500.905', 'E05.242.800'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600.850', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750.850', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750.850'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D02.092.211.215.801.852', 'D03.633.100.473.914.814', 'D23.469.050.650'], ['D12.644.276.812.900.866', 'D12.644.400.800.750', 'D12.644.456.800.866', 'D12.776.467.812.900.866', 'D12.776.631.650.800.750', 'D23.469.050.375.850.890', 'D23.529.812.900.866'], ['D06.472.699.327.740.880', 'D12.644.400.400.740.880', 'D12.644.456.837', 'D12.644.548.365.740.880', 'D12.776.631.650.405.740.880', 'D12.776.631.650.810'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Astragaloside attenuates myocardial injury in a rat model of acute myocardial infarction by upregulating hypoxia inducible factor‑1á and Notch1/Jagged1 signaling.
|
The present study aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective effect of Astragaloside against myocardial injury following myocardial infarction (MI) in a rat model. Male Wistar rats were subjected to left anterior descending branch ligation. The rats that survived 24 h (n=18) were randomly and equally assigned to three groups: MI model group, and 2.5 and 10 mg/kg/day Astragaloside group. A further six rats underwent identical surgical procedures without artery ligation, serving as sham controls. Following 28 days of treatment, the left ventricle was harvested for morphological analysis, and mRNA and protein expression levels of hypoxia inducible factor‑1á (HIF‑1á), Notch1 and Jagged1 were measured. Treatment with Astragaloside attenuated pathological changes in the myocardium. Compared with untreated MI rats, rats treated with Astragaloside exhibited significantly increased mRNA expression levels of HIF‑1á, Notch1 and Jagged1 (all P<0.01). HIF‑1á demonstrated a dose‑dependent effect (P<0.05). Astragaloside (10 mg/kg/day) significantly increased HIF‑1á (P<0.05), Notch1 (P<0.01) and Jagged1 (P<0.01) protein expression levels. Additionally, 2.5 mg/kg Astragaloside significantly increased Jagged1 protein expression levels compared with untreated MI rats. Furthermore, there was a dose‑dependent effect of Astragaloside treatment (P<0.01). These findings suggested that the cardioprotective effects of Astragaloside against myocardial injury following MI may involve upregulation of HIF‑á, Notch1 and Jagged1 signaling, implicating these molecules as therapeutic targets for the treatment of MI.
|
['Animals', 'Cardiotonic Agents', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit', 'Jagged-1 Protein', 'Male', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Myocardium', 'Rats', 'Receptor, Notch1', 'Saponins', 'Signal Transduction']
| 28,487,976
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.411.222', 'D27.720.799.080'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G05.308'], ['D12.776.260.103.625.750', 'D12.776.930.125.625.750'], ['D12.644.276.930.500', 'D12.776.157.125.797.500', 'D12.776.543.800.500', 'D23.529.930.500'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.543.750.725.500', 'D12.776.930.770.500'], ['D09.408.782'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Geographic disparities in donor lung supply and lung transplant waitlist outcomes: A cohort study.
|
Despite the Final Rule mandate for equitable organ allocation in the United States, geographic disparities exist in donor lung allocation, with the majority of donor lungs being allocated locally to lower-priority candidates. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 19 622 lung transplant candidates waitlisted between 2006 and 2015. We used multivariable adjusted competing risk survival models to examine the relationship between local lung availability and waitlist outcomes. The primary outcome was a composite of death and removal from the waitlist for clinical deterioration. Waitlist candidates in the lowest quartile of local lung availability had an 84% increased risk of death or removal compared with candidates in the highest (subdistribution hazard ratio [SHR]: 1.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.51-2.24, P < .001). The transplantation rate was 57% lower in the lowest quartile compared with the highest (SHR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.39-0.47). The adjusted death or removal rate decreased by 11% with a 50% increase in local lung availability (SHR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.85-0.93, P < .001) and the adjusted transplantation rate increased by 19% (SHR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.17-1.22, P < .001). There are geographically disparate waitlist outcomes in the current lung allocation system. Candidates listed in areas of low local lung availability have worse waitlist outcomes.
|
['Female', 'Geography', 'Humans', 'Lung Transplantation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tissue Donors', 'Waiting Lists']
| 29,266,733
|
[['H01.277.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.928.600.495', 'E04.936.450.495'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['M01.898'], ['N04.452.095.738']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Automated detection of optic disk in retinal fundus images using intuitionistic fuzzy histon segmentation.
|
The human eye is one of the most sophisticated organs, with perfectly interrelated retina, pupil, iris cornea, lens, and optic nerve. Automatic retinal image analysis is emerging as an important screening tool for early detection of eye diseases. Uncontrolled diabetic retinopathy (DR) and glaucoma may lead to blindness. The identification of retinal anatomical regions is a prerequisite for the computer-aided diagnosis of several retinal diseases. The manual examination of optic disk (OD) is a standard procedure used for detecting different stages of DR and glaucoma. In this article, a novel automated, reliable, and efficient OD localization and segmentation method using digital fundus images is proposed. General-purpose edge detection algorithms often fail to segment the OD due to fuzzy boundaries, inconsistent image contrast, or missing edge features. This article proposes a novel and probably the first method using the Attanassov intuitionistic fuzzy histon (A-IFSH)-based segmentation to detect OD in retinal fundus images. OD pixel intensity and column-wise neighborhood operation are employed to locate and isolate the OD. The method has been evaluated on 100 images comprising 30 normal, 39 glaucomatous, and 31 DR images. Our proposed method has yielded precision of 0.93, recall of 0.91, F-score of 0.92, and mean segmentation accuracy of 93.4%. We have also compared the performance of our proposed method with the Otsu and gradient vector flow (GVF) snake methods. Overall, our result shows the superiority of proposed fuzzy segmentation technique over other two segmentation methods.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Artificial Intelligence', 'Diabetic Retinopathy', 'Female', 'Fluorescein Angiography', 'Fuzzy Logic', 'Glaucoma', 'Humans', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Optic Disk', 'Pattern Recognition, Automated', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Retinoscopy', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Young Adult']
| 23,516,954
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G17.035.250', 'L01.224.050.375'], ['C11.768.257', 'C14.907.320.382', 'C19.246.099.500.382'], ['E01.370.370.050.350', 'E01.370.380.250'], ['E05.599.250', 'K01.752.448.250', 'L01.224.050.375.250'], ['C11.525.381'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A08.800.800.120.680.660', 'A09.371.729.690'], ['L01.399.750'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E01.370.380.560.500'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A clinicopathologic study of tuberculous epididymo-orchitis in Thailand.
|
Tuberculous epididymo-orchitis is an uncommon disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis of the testis and epididymis. We reviewed 25 cases of tuberculous epididymo-orchitis, diagnosed at the Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University between July 2000 and June 2010. The mean age at diagnosis was 54.5 years (range: 30 to 91 years). Cultures from testicular and epididymal tissues were positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 6 cases. The clinical presentations of tuberculous epididymo-orchitis included scrotal mass (80%), scrotal pain (44%), micturition syndrome (8%), urethral discharge (4%), and scrotal fistula (4%). One third of the patients had pulmonary tuberculosis. Four patients (16%) had underlying human immunodeficiency virus infection. Tuberculous epididymo-orchitis should be considered in the patients who present with a scrotal mass. The preoperative differentiation of tuberculous epididymoorchitis from non-tuberculous epididymo-orchitis and testicular tumor is difficult. In patients who have epididymal and testicular lesions, surgical excision provides the diagnosis. Exact histopathologic categorization is important to select appropriate medical therapy.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Epididymis', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Testicular Diseases', 'Thailand', 'Tuberculosis, Male Genital', 'Tuberculosis, Pulmonary']
| 23,077,818
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A05.360.444.371'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C12.294.829', 'C19.391.829'], ['Z01.252.145.841'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.944.721', 'C12.294.909', 'C12.672.721'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.899', 'C01.748.939', 'C08.381.922', 'C08.730.939']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
An integratable microfluidic cartridge for forensic swab samples lysis.
|
Fully automated rapid forensic DNA analysis requires integrating several multistep processes onto a single microfluidic platform, including substrate lysis, extraction of DNA from the released lysate solution, multiplexed PCR amplification of STR loci, separation of PCR products by capillary electrophoresis, and analysis for allelic peak calling. Over the past several years, most of the rapid DNA analysis systems developed started with the reference swab sample lysate and involved an off-chip lysis of collected substrates. As a result of advancement in technology and chemistry, addition of a microfluidic module for swab sample lysis has been achieved in a few of the rapid DNA analysis systems. However, recent reports on integrated rapid DNA analysis systems with swab-in and answer-out capability lack any quantitative and qualitative characterization of the swab-in sample lysis module, which is important for downstream forensic sample processing. Maximal collection and subsequent recovery of the biological material from the crime scene is one of the first and critical steps in forensic DNA technology. Herein we present the design, fabrication and characterization of an integratable swab lysis cartridge module and the test results obtained from different types of commonly used forensic swab samples, including buccal, saliva, and blood swab samples, demonstrating the compatibility with different downstream DNA extraction chemistries. This swab lysis cartridge module is easy to operate, compatible with both forensic and microfluidic requirements, and ready to be integrated with our existing automated rapid forensic DNA analysis system. Following the characterization of the swab lysis module, an integrated run from buccal swab sample-in to the microchip CE electropherogram-out was demonstrated on the integrated prototype instrument. Therefore, in this study, we demonstrate that this swab lysis cartridge module is: (1) functionally, comparable with routine benchtop lysis, (2) compatible with various types of swab samples and chemistries, and (3) integratable to achieve a micro total analysis system (ìTAS) for rapid DNA analysis.
|
['Feasibility Studies', 'Forensic Genetics', 'Microfluidics', 'Microsatellite Repeats', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction']
| 24,315,603
|
[['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['H02.403.330.149', 'I01.198.780.937.441'], ['E05.830.666', 'H01.671.808.500', 'J01.897.520.500.500'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.340.024.850.500'], ['E05.393.620.500']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Measurement of salivary thiocyanate during the process of smoking cessation.
|
The changes in salivary thiocyanate (SCN) following smoking cessation were determined for 70 people recruited from community-based smoking cessation programs. Data collected over 3 months following cessation showed a half value of 5 days for abstainers, a strong linear relationship between SCN level and number of days since quitting, and considerable individual variation in precessation SCN level. It is concluded that SCN has value as an inexpensive, initial screening test of smoking behavior.
|
['Humans', 'Metabolic Clearance Rate', 'Patient Compliance', 'Saliva', 'Smoking Cessation', 'Thiocyanates']
| 2,136,104
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.843', 'E05.200.843', 'G03.490', 'G07.690.595', 'G07.690.725.513'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.600', 'F01.145.488.887.500.600', 'N05.300.150.800.500.600'], ['A12.200.666'], ['F01.145.488.732'], ['D02.262.775', 'D02.886.728']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
PatMatch: a program for finding patterns in peptide and nucleotide sequences.
|
Here, we present PatMatch, an efficient, web-based pattern-matching program that enables searches for short nucleotide or peptide sequences such as cis-elements in nucleotide sequences or small domains and motifs in protein sequences. The program can be used to find matches to a user-specified sequence pattern that can be described using ambiguous sequence codes and a powerful and flexible pattern syntax based on regular expressions. A recent upgrade has improved performance and now supports both mismatches and wildcards in a single pattern. This enhancement has been achieved by replacing the previous searching algorithm, scan_for_matches [D'Souza et al. (1997), Trends in Genetics, 13, 497-498], with nondeterministic-reverse grep (NR-grep), a general pattern matching tool that allows for approximate string matching [Navarro (2001), Software Practice and Experience, 31, 1265-1312]. We have tailored NR-grep to be used for DNA and protein searches with PatMatch. The stand-alone version of the software can be adapted for use with any sequence dataset and is available for download at The Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR) at ftp://ftp.arabidopsis.org/home/tair/Software/Patmatch/. The PatMatch server is available on the web at http://www.arabidopsis.org/cgi-bin/patmatch/nph-patmatch.pl for searching Arabidopsis thaliana sequences.
|
['Arabidopsis', 'Arabidopsis Proteins', 'DNA, Plant', 'Internet', 'Peptides', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Sequence Analysis, Protein', 'Software', 'User-Computer Interface']
| 15,980,466
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.100'], ['D12.776.765.149'], ['D13.444.308.435'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['D12.644'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['E05.393.760.705'], ['L01.224.900'], ['L01.224.900.910']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Subunits of the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Cluster of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Are Surface-Displayed Proteins that Bind and Activate Human Plasminogen.
|
The dual role of glycolytic enzymes in cytosol-located metabolic processes and in cell surface-mediated functions with an influence on virulence is described for various micro-organisms. Cell wall-less bacteria of the class Mollicutes including the common human pathogen Mycoplasma pneumoniae possess a reduced genome limiting the repertoire of virulence factors and metabolic pathways. After the initial contact of bacteria with cells of the respiratory epithelium via a specialized complex of adhesins and release of cell-damaging factors, surface-displayed glycolytic enzymes may facilitate the further interaction between host and microbe. In this study, we described detection of the four subunits of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHA-D) among the cytosolic and membrane-associated proteins of M. pneumoniae. Subunits of PDH were cloned, expressed and purified to produce specific polyclonal guinea pig antisera. Using colony blotting, fractionation of total proteins and immunofluorescence experiments, the surface localization of PDHA-C was demonstrated. All recombinant PDH subunits are able to bind to HeLa cells and human plasminogen. These interactions can be specifically blocked by the corresponding polyclonal antisera. In addition, an influence of ionic interactions on PDHC-binding to plasminogen as well as of lysine residues on the association of PDHA-D with plasminogen was confirmed. The PDHB subunit was shown to activate plasminogen and the PDHB-plasminogen complex induces degradation of human fibrinogen. Hence, our data indicate that the surface-associated PDH subunits might play a role in the pathogenesis of M. pneumoniae infections by interaction with human plasminogen.
|
['Adhesins, Bacterial', 'Animals', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Membrane', 'Escherichia coli', 'Guinea Pigs', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Mycoplasma pneumoniae', 'Plasminogen', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Subunits', 'Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex', 'Virulence', 'Virulence Factors']
| 25,978,044
|
[['D12.776.097.120.050', 'D12.776.543.100.050', 'D23.050.161.050'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.097'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['A11.284.149'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.543'], ['B03.440.860.580.553.553.650'], ['D08.622.610', 'D12.776.124.790.223.580', 'D12.776.377.715.182.580', 'D12.776.811.243.610'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776.813'], ['D05.500.562.625', 'D08.811.600.741'], ['G06.930'], ['D23.946.896']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A high-throughput assay for phosphoprotein-specific phosphatase activity in cellular extracts.
|
Protein phosphatases undo the post-translational modifications of kinase-signaling networks, but phosphatase activation in cells is difficult to measure and interpret. Here, we report the design of a quantitative and high-throughput assay platform for monitoring cellular phosphatase activity toward specific phosphoprotein targets. Protein substrates of interest are purified recombinantly, phosphorylated in vitro using the upstream kinase, and adsorbed to 96-well plates. Total phosphatase extracts from cells are then added to trigger a solid-phase dephosphorylation reaction. After stopping the reaction, phosphoprotein levels are quantified by ELISA with a phospho-specific antibody, and the loss of phospho-specific immunoreactivity is used as the readout of phosphatase activity. We illustrate the generality of the method by developing specific phosphatase-activity assays for the three canonical mitogen-activated protein phospho-kinases: ERK, JNK, and p38. The assays capture changes in activity with a dynamic range of 25-100-fold and are sensitive to a limit of detection below 25,000 cells. When applied to cytokine-induced signaling, the assays revealed complex and dynamic regulation of phosphatases suggesting cross-communication and a means for cellular memory. Our assay platform should be beneficial for phosphoproteomic surveys and computational-systems models of signaling, where phosphatases are known to be important but their activities are rarely measured.
|
['Animals', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cell Extracts', 'Dual-Specificity Phosphatases', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Enzyme Assays', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Epidermal Growth Factor', 'HT29 Cells', 'Humans', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Mice', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphatases', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Phosphoprotein Phosphatases', 'Phosphoproteins', 'Phosphorylation', 'Proteomics', 'RNA Interference', 'Rats', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 23,233,447
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['D20.777.162'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.625.225', 'D08.811.277.352.650.775.250', 'D08.811.641.755', 'D12.644.360.268', 'D12.776.476.268'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['E05.196.427'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['D06.472.317.350', 'D12.644.276.382.500', 'D12.776.467.382.500', 'D23.529.382.500'], ['A11.251.210.190.475', 'A11.251.860.180.475', 'A11.436.365'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.587', 'D12.644.360.445', 'D12.776.476.445'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567', 'D12.644.360.450', 'D12.776.476.450'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.625'], ['D12.776.744'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['H01.158.201.843', 'H01.158.273.180.350.700', 'H01.158.273.343.350.700', 'H01.181.122.738'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Preparation and biological evaluation of metronidazole derivatives with monoterpenes and eugenol.
|
Two series of metronidazole derivatives (ester derivatives and ether derivatives) were prepared reacting metronidazole and its acetic acid oxidized form with menthol, thymol, carvacrol, and eugenol. Both series of compounds were tested in vitro against two strains of Helicobacter pylori (the ATCC 26695 and P12), and one strain of Clostridium (Clostridium perfringens). Most of the prepared compounds showed biological activity against the targeted bacteria. Compound 11 was highly active against all tested bacterial strains, especially against P12 with IC50 0.0011 ìM/ml. Compound 6 was highly active against C. perfringens with MIC 0.0094 nM/ml. Viability test was conducted for compound 11 to test its selectivity for normal human fetal lung fibroblasts (MRC5), and it was found to be non-toxic with IC50 more than 50 ìM/ml.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Survival', 'Clostridium perfringens', 'Eugenol', 'Helicobacter pylori', 'Humans', 'Metronidazole', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Monoterpenes']
| 30,022,596
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.346'], ['B03.300.390.400.200.575', 'B03.353.625.375.500.575', 'B03.510.415.400.200.575'], ['D02.241.223.200.054.500'], ['B03.440.500.550', 'B03.660.150.235.500.250.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.640.672.500', 'D03.383.129.308.658.500'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['D02.455.849.575']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Gabapentin in late-onset poststroke seizures.
|
Stroke is a frequent cause of epileptic seizures (ES) in adults. The authors evaluated the long-term efficacy and tolerability of gabapentin (900 to 1,800 mg/day) in 71 patients with a first poststroke late ES during a mean follow-up time of 30 months. ES recurred in 18.3% of the patients and side effects were noted in 27 cases (38%), but only two (2.8%) required discontinuation or early withdrawal. Gabapentin monotherapy was useful and safe for late poststroke ES.
|
['Acetates', 'Aged', 'Amines', 'Anticonvulsants', 'Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Gabapentin', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Recurrence', 'Seizures', 'Stroke', 'gamma-Aminobutyric Acid']
| 12,499,501
|
[['D02.241.081.018', 'D10.251.400.045'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D02.092'], ['D27.505.954.427.080'], ['D02.241.223.268', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.218'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['D02.092.521', 'D02.241.081.114.500.350.300', 'D02.241.223.268.469', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.218.500', 'D12.125.190.350.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['C10.597.742', 'C23.888.592.742'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350', 'D12.125.190.350']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A multicentre observational study of inter-hospital transfer for post-resuscitation care after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
|
AIM: To provide therapeutic hypothermia (TH) to survivors after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), inter-hospital transfers (IHT) are frequently required. The safety of IHT remains controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the effect of TH on brain recovery after OHCA differs between IHT and direct arrival groups.METHODS: We identified patients with OHCA of presumed cardiac aetiology who were resuscitated by emergency medical services and experienced return-of-spontaneous circulation in 27 hospitals between January and December 2014. The main exposure variables were TH and IHT. The primary endpoint was discharge with good neurological recovery. We compared outcomes between the TH and non-TH groups using multivariable logistic regression with an interaction term between TH and IHT, after adjusting for potential confounders.RESULTS: Among 1616 patients, 576 patients were included in the final analyses. Neurologic recovery was better in the TH group (46.2%) than in the non-TH group (20.1%) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.03 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24-3.33]). In the interaction model for the outcome of good neurological recovery, the aOR for TH was 2.82 (95% CI 1.59-5.01) in the direct transfer group vs. 0.76 (95% CI 0.29-2.01) in the IHT group. The measure of interaction on the multiplicative scale in this model was also statistically significant (OR 0.27 [95% CI 0.07-0.83]; p=0.02).CONCLUSION: IHT modified the effect of TH on neurological recovery for survivors of OHCA. TH is significantly less beneficial for good neurological recovery in patients who arrive via IHT than for those who arrive directly.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Emergency Medical Services', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypothermia, Induced', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Odds Ratio', 'Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest', 'Patient Transfer', 'Prospective Studies', 'Recovery of Function', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Time-to-Treatment', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 27,591,054
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.365.647.110'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['N02.421.297'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.258.750'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['C14.280.383.610'], ['E02.760.169.624', 'E02.760.400.630', 'N02.421.585.169.624', 'N02.421.585.400.630', 'N04.590.233.727.210.624'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['G16.757'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['E02.760.928', 'N02.421.585.928'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Incident Hearing Loss and Comorbidity: A Longitudinal Administrative Claims Study.
|
Importance: Because hearing loss is highly prevalent and treatable, determining its association with morbidity has major public health implications for disease prevention and the maintenance of health in adults with hearing loss.Objective: To investigate the association between the diagnosis of incident hearing loss and medical comorbidities in adults 50 years or older.Design, Setting, and Participants: Retrospective, propensity-matched cohort study using administrative claims data from commercially insured and Medicare Advantage members in a geographically diverse US health plan. Adults 50 years or older with claims for services rendered from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2016, were observed for 2 (n = 154 414), 5 (n = 44 852), and 10 (n = 4728) years. This research was conceptualized and data were analyzed between September 2016 and November 2017.Exposures: A claim for incident hearing loss is defined as 2 claims for hearing loss within 2 consecutive years without evidence of hearing device use, excluding claims for sudden hearing loss or hearing loss secondary to medical conditions.Main Outcomes and Measures: Incident claims for dementia, depression, accidental falls, nonvertebral fractures, acute myocardial infarction, and stroke.Results: After cohort matching, 48% of participants were women (n = 74 464), 61% were white (n = 93 442), and 31% (n = 48 056) were Medicare Advantage insured, with a mean (SD) age of 64 (10) years. In a multivariate-adjusted modified Poisson regression with robust standard errors, relative associations were strongest for dementia (relative risk at 5 years, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.38-1.64) and depression (relative risk at 5 years, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.26-1.58). The absolute risk of all outcomes was greater in persons with hearing loss than in those without hearing loss at all times, with the greatest risk difference observed at 10 years for all outcomes. The 10-year risk attributable to hearing loss was 3.20 per 100 persons (95% CI, 1.76-4.63) for dementia, 3.57 per 100 persons (95% CI, 1.67-5.47) for falls, and 6.88 per 100 persons (95% CI, 4.62-9.14) for depression.Conclusions and Relevance: In this large observational study using administrative claims data, incident untreated hearing loss was associated with greater incident morbidity than no hearing loss across a range of health conditions. Future studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these associations and to determine if treatment for hearing loss could reduce the risk of comorbidity.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Comorbidity', 'Databases, Factual', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Hearing Loss', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Propensity Score', 'Retrospective Studies', 'United States']
| 30,419,134
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C09.218.458.341', 'C10.597.751.418.341', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.675', 'N05.715.360.750.625.620', 'N06.850.520.830.600.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Dye penetration in dry and water-filled gaps along root fillings.
|
AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of hydration in voids along root fillings on methylene blue penetration.METHODOLOGY: A total of 80 human root canals were prepared using a step-back technique and filled with a zinc oxide based sealer and gutta-percha. Leakage along the fillings was measured by a transport fluid model and classified into three categories: gross leakage (GL), slight leakage (SL) and no leakage (NL). Specimens with NL and SL were immersed into methylene blue (MB) 2% for 24 h (group I). Specimens with GL which had wide gaps filled with water were randomly divided into two groups (II, III). Transport air was applied to remove water from gaps only in specimens of group III. All tested specimens from groups II and III were also immersed into MB 2% for 24 h. Each specimen was then split longitudinally and linear measurements of dye penetration were recorded.RESULTS: Group III (with dry gaps) showed significantly more dye penetration than group II. No significant difference was found between group I and group II.CONCLUSIONS: Methylene blue penetrates along root fillings more easily in dry gaps than in water-filled gaps.
|
['Air', 'Coloring Agents', 'Dental Leakage', 'Dental Pulp Cavity', 'Gutta-Percha', 'Humans', 'Immersion', 'Methylene Blue', 'Rheology', 'Root Canal Filling Materials', 'Root Canal Preparation', 'Statistics as Topic', 'Surface Properties', 'Surface Tension', 'Water', 'Zinc Oxide', 'Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement']
| 11,307,261
|
[['G16.500.275.063.150', 'N06.230.300.100.150'], ['D27.720.233'], ['C07.793.221'], ['A14.549.167.900.265'], ['D20.215.721.061', 'D25.339.859.495', 'D25.720.327.840.119', 'J01.637.051.339.859.495'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.466'], ['D02.886.369.517', 'D03.633.300.783.517'], ['E05.830', 'H01.671.808'], ['D25.339.859', 'J01.637.051.339.859'], ['E06.397.778.889', 'E06.931.625'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830'], ['G02.860'], ['G02.860.816'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925'], ['D01.650.550.975', 'D01.975.975'], ['D25.339.291.925', 'J01.637.051.339.291.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Neurologic injury in isolated sulfite oxidase deficiency.
|
BACKGROUND: We review clinical, neuroimaging, and genetic information on six individuals with isolated sulfite oxidase deficiency (ISOD).METHODS: All patients were examined, and clinical records, biochemistry, neuroimaging, and sulfite oxidase gene (SUOX) sequencing were reviewed.RESULTS: Data was available on six individuals from four nuclear families affected by ISOD. Each individual began to seize within the first week of life. neurologic development was arrested at brainstem reflexes, and severe microcephaly developed rapidly. neuroimaging within days of birth revealed hypoplasia of the cerebellum and corpus callosum and damage to the supratentorial brain looking like severe hypoxic-ischemic injury that evolved into cystic hemispheric white matter changes. Affected individuals all had elevated urinary S-sulfocysteine and normal urinary xanthine and hypoxanthine levels diagnostic of ISOD. Genetic studies confirmed SUOX mutations in four patients.CONCLUSIONS: ISOD impairs systemic sulfite metabolism, and yet this genetic disease affects only the brain with damage that is commonly confused with the clinical and radiologic features of severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.L?sions neurologiques dans le d?ficit isol? en sulfite oxydase.
|
['Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Microcephaly', 'Pedigree', 'Sulfite Oxidase']
| 24,384,336
|
[['C16.320.565.100', 'C18.452.648.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C05.660.207.620', 'C10.500.507.400.500', 'C16.131.621.207.620', 'C16.131.666.507.400.500'], ['E05.393.673'], ['D08.811.682.667.249']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Comparison study on phosphorus removal between single-stage oxic process and anaerobic/aerobic process].
|
To compare the efficiency of phosphorus removal between anaerobic/aerobic process (SBR1) and single-stage oxic process (SBR2), two SBRs were conducted using acetate as the sole carbon source which is the most extensive substrate in municipal wastewater. The results obtained from three months experiment showed that the phosphorus removal efficiency and the TP removed on a unit MLSS were 91.72%, 3.23 mg x g(-1) (SBR1)and 71.70%, 2.91 mg x g(-1) (SBR2) respectively during steady operation. The further study found that a significant increase of PHA associated with an decrease of glycogen in SBR1 while a significant synthesis of PHA increased with the accumulation of glycogen in SBR2, indicating glycogen was not essential for the synthesis of PHA in single-stage oxic process. Furthermore, obvious phosphorus release was observed in both SBRs during idle period, but the content of phosphorus released in SBR2 (13.28 mg x L(-1)) was significantly higher than that in SBR1 (2.6 mg x L(-1)). The possible reason for SBR1 and SBR2 exhibited different phosphorus removal efficiencies was that microorganisms in both SBRs had different cyclic storage and consumption process of energy storages during metabolic process.
|
['Aerobiosis', 'Anaerobiosis', 'Bacteria', 'Biodegradation, Environmental', 'Bioreactors', 'Phosphorus', 'Waste Disposal, Fluid', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 22,295,638
|
[['G02.111.017', 'G03.049'], ['G02.111.062', 'G03.078'], ['B03'], ['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['E07.115', 'J01.897.120.115'], ['D01.268.666'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Evidence for aberrant activation of the interleukin-2 autocrine loop by HTLV-1-encoded p40x and T3/Ti complex triggering.
|
In this study we provide evidence that distinct DNA sequences within the 5'-flanking regions of the genes for interleukin-2 (IL-2) and its receptor (IL-2R) are involved in human T-cell-specific activation of transcription by p40x, a product of human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-1). The same DNA sequences appear to be responsible for induction of the genes in a T cell line, Jurkat, by mitogens. Although the IL-2 gene sequences are activated by p40x with much lower efficiency than the IL-2R gene sequences, they are synergistically activated by the p40x expression and subsequent extracellular stimulation by Concanavalin-A or anti-T3. We propose a model for two-step activation of the IL-2 autocrine loop in ATL development.
|
['Cell Line', 'Concanavalin A', 'Deltaretrovirus', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-2', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Phytohemagglutinins', 'Receptors, Immunologic', 'Receptors, Interleukin-2', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Viral Proteins']
| 3,026,643
|
[['A11.251.210'], ['D12.776.503.499.500', 'D12.776.765.678.500'], ['B04.613.807.200', 'B04.820.650.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.021', 'D12.644.276.374.480.372', 'D12.776.467.374.465.021', 'D12.776.467.374.480.372', 'D23.529.374.465.155', 'D23.529.374.480.372'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['D12.776.395.560.825', 'D12.776.503.499.750', 'D12.776.765.678.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.705'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.420.320'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['D12.776.964']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of maternal use of chewing gums containing xylitol, chlorhexidine or fluoride on mutans streptococci colonization in the mothers' infant children.
|
PURPOSE: The aim was to evaluate the effect of maternal use of chewing gums containing xylitol, chlorhexidine/xylitol or fluoride on the prevalence of mutans streptococci (MS) in the mothers' 18-month-old offsprings.MATERIALS AND METHODS: After screening 416 women with newborn babies, 173 mothers with high counts of salivary MS were randomly assigned into three experimental chewing gum groups containing A) xylitol, B) chlorhexidine/xylitol and C) sodium fluoride. Mothers with low or medium MS counts formed a reference group D without any intervention. The participants in the experimental groups were instructed to chew one gum for 5 minutes, three times a day. The chewing was initiated when the child was 6 months old and terminated one year later. The outcome measure was MS colonization in mothers' 18-month-old infants. Bacterial sampling and cultivation was carried out with the Strip mutans technique.RESULTS: The MS prevalence was 10%, 16%, and 28% in groups A, B, and C respectively. In the reference group D, 10% of the infants harbored MS. The difference between group C and groups A and B was statistically significant (p<0.05). The colonization levels in groups A and B were similar to those obtained in children of mothers with low MS counts (group D).CONCLUSION: Maternal consumption of xylitol- and chlorhexidine/xylitol-containing chewing gums significantly reduced the mother-child transmission of salivary mutans streptococci.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anti-Infective Agents, Local', 'Cariostatic Agents', 'Chewing Gum', 'Chlorhexidine', 'Colony Count, Microbial', 'Dental Caries', 'Female', 'Fluorides', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical', 'Male', 'Mother-Child Relations', 'Mothers', 'Mouth', 'Saliva', 'Streptococcus mutans', 'Sweetening Agents', 'Xylitol']
| 15,643,749
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.187'], ['D25.223', 'D27.505.696.706.222', 'D27.720.102.223', 'D27.720.799.113', 'J01.637.051.223'], ['D05.750.078.739.249', 'D09.698.700.249', 'D20.215.721.249.249', 'G07.203.300.140.200', 'J02.500.140.200'], ['D02.078.370.141.100'], ['E01.370.225.875.220', 'E05.200.875.220'], ['C07.793.720.210'], ['D01.248.497.158.380', 'D01.303.350.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['N06.850.335.875'], ['F01.829.263.370.290.170'], ['F01.829.263.500.320.200', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340.270', 'M01.620.630'], ['A01.456.505.631', 'A03.556.500', 'A14.549'], ['A12.200.666'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.875.520', 'B03.510.400.800.872.875.520', 'B03.510.550.737.872.875.520'], ['D27.720.372.300.353.609', 'G07.203.300.514.500.400.700', 'J02.500.514.500.400.700'], ['D02.033.800.936', 'D09.853.936']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Alanine transaminase levels in the year before pregnancy predict the risk of hepatitis C virus vertical transmission.
|
Vertical transmission is the most common route of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in children. Transmission risk factors have been described, but most risk factors can only be evaluated using expensive laboratory exams. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether maternal alanine transaminase (ALT) levels before pregnancy correlate with HCV vertical transmission. Seventy-four transmitting and 403 nontransmitting mothers were evaluated. All mothers enrolled had two ALT determinations in the last year before pregnancy, at least 6 months apart. Mothers were divided into two groups: mothers with persistently normal serum ALT levels and mothers with abnormal ALT levels. In the second group both mothers with constantly raised or with fluctuating ALT levels (one normal and one raised determination) were included. ALT was defined as raised if higher than twice the upper limit of normal. Abnormal ALT levels were found in 39/74 (52.7%) HCV transmitting mothers and in 146/403 (32.6%) nontransmitting mothers (P = 0.008; relative risk 1.96; 95% confidence limits 1.19-3.23). The risk of transmission from mothers with constantly raised ALT levels was more evident than that from mothers with fluctuating ALT levels. Increased ALT levels may reflect a more severe liver disease and a higher viral load, factors known to be associated with vertical transmission. ALT determination, a simple, widely available and inexpensive test, may help in identifying mothers with an increased risk of HCV vertical transmission.
|
['Alanine Transaminase', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Hepatitis A Antibodies', 'Hepatitis C', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications, Infectious', 'RNA, Viral', 'Risk Factors', 'Time Factors']
| 16,721,858
|
[['D08.811.913.477.700.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254.450.251', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254.450.251', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254.450.251'], ['C01.221.250.750', 'C01.925.440.440', 'C01.925.782.350.350', 'C06.552.380.705.440'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['N06.850.335.875'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C01.674', 'C13.703.700'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Indian hedgehog signaling promotes chondrocyte differentiation in enchondral ossification in human cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.
|
STUDY DESIGN: Histological, immunohistochemical, and immunoblot analyses of the expression of Indian hedgehog (Ihh) signaling in human cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL).OBJECTIVE: To examine the hypothesis that Ihh signaling in correlation with Sox9 and parathyroid-related peptide hormone (PTHrP) facilitates chondrocyte differentiation in enchondral ossification process in human cervical OPLL.SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: In enchondral ossification, certain transcriptional factors regulate cell differentiation. OPLL is characterized by overexpression of these factors and disturbance of the normal cell differentiation process. Ihh signaling is essential for enchondral ossification, especially in chondrocyte hypertrophy.METHODS: Samples of ossified ligaments were harvested from 45 patients who underwent anterior cervical decompressive surgery for symptomatic OPLL, and 6 control samples from patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy/radiculopathy without OPLL. The harvested sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and toluidine blue, examined by transmission electron microscopy, and immunohistochemically stained for Ihh, PTHrP, Sox9, type X, XI collagen, and alkaline phosphatase. Immunoblot analysis was performed in cultured cells derived from the posterior longitudinal ligaments in the vicinity of the ossified plaque and examined for the expression of these factors.RESULTS: The ossification front in OPLL contained chondrocytes at various differentiation stages, including proliferating chondrocytes in fibrocartilaginous area, hypertrophic chondrocytes around the calcification front, and apoptotic chondrocytes near the ossified area. Immunoreactivity for Ihh and Sox9 was evident in proliferating chondrocytes and was strongly positive for PTHrP in hypertrophic chondrocytes. Mesenchymal cells with blood vessel formation were positive for Ihh, PTHrP, and Sox9. Cultured cells from OPLL tissues expressed significantly higher levels of Ihh, PTHrP, and Sox9 than those in non-OPLL cells.CONCLUSION: Our results indicated that overexpression of Ihh signaling promotes abnormal chondrocyte differentiation in enchondral ossification and enhances bone formation in OPLL.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cervical Vertebrae', 'Chondrocytes', 'Female', 'Hedgehog Proteins', 'Humans', 'Immunoblotting', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Electron, Transmission', 'Middle Aged', 'Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament', 'Osteogenesis', 'Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein', 'SOX9 Transcription Factor', 'Signal Transduction']
| 23,883,825
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G04.152'], ['A02.835.232.834.151'], ['A11.329.171'], ['D12.644.276.671', 'D12.776.467.671', 'D23.529.671'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.320', 'E05.601.470.320'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.580', 'E05.595.402.580'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.116.900.480', 'C23.550.751.500'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.050.500.729', 'G11.427.578.050.500.729'], ['D06.472.699.591', 'D12.644.276.908', 'D12.644.548.588', 'D12.776.467.890', 'D23.529.890'], ['D12.776.260.719.500.500', 'D12.776.660.235.400.750.500.500', 'D12.776.664.235.400.750.500.500', 'D12.776.930.823.500.500'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Giant multilocular prostatic cystadenoma: a distinctive lesion of the retroperitoneum in men. A report of two cases.
|
Two examples of large, multiloculated, cystic tumors that arose within the pelvis in men of 28 and 37 years of age are described. The tumors were composed of glands and cysts lined by prostatic-type epithelium lying in a hypocellular fibrous stroma. The prostatic nature of the lesions was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining of the epithelium for prostate-specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase. Two apparently similar lesions were found in the literature; one tumor was attached to the prostate by a pedicle, and the other arose in the retrovesical space. These tumors, for which we propose the designation "giant multilocular prostatic cystadenoma," appear to be benign, although they may recur if incompletely excised. They may pose considerable diagnostic difficulty if the prostatic nature of the epithelium is not appreciated, an error that is likely if a relationship to the prostate is not recognized. This lesion should be included in the differential diagnosis of retroperitoneal cystic tumors in men.
|
['Adult', 'Cystadenoma', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Retroperitoneal Neoplasms']
| 1,989,460
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C04.557.470.035.320', 'C04.557.470.590.485'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['C04.588.033.731']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Human choriogonadotropin-induced desensitization of granulosa-cell adenylate cyclase to gonadotropins and loss of LH/hCG receptor.
|
Immature female rats that had been primed with pregnant-mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) were injected intravenously with various doses of human choriogonadotropin (hCG) for the investigation of the relationship between adenylate cyclase activities and the concentrations of LH/hCG receptor in luteinizing granulosa cells. Injection of 1 microgram of hCG induced a loss of LH and FSH sensitivities of adenylate cyclase within 6 h and a disappearance of free LH/hCG receptors within 24 h. Basal adenylate cyclase activity has a transient maximum at 6 h after hCG injection. After injection of 100 micrograms of hCG the loss of LH sensitivity of adenylate cyclase and free LH/hCG receptors occurred immediately, but the changes in FSH-stimulated and basal activities followed the same time scale as after injection of 1 microgram of hCG. When hCG was omitted from the injections the response of the animals to the endogenous gonadotropin surge varied. A complete desensitization of adenylate cyclase to LH and FSH stimulation and a 65% loss of free LH/hCG receptors were found at 24 h if the follicles were ovulated. These results suggest that occupation of a limited number of LH/hCG receptors in granulosa cells induces adenylate cyclase refractory to further stimulation by gonadotropins. The transient elevation of basal adenylate cyclase activity and its desensitization to further stimulation by gonadotropins may have a role in physiological processes leading to ovulation and luteinization.
|
['Adenylyl Cyclases', 'Animals', 'Chorionic Gonadotropin', 'Drug Tolerance', 'Female', 'Follicle Stimulating Hormone', 'Gonadotropins', 'Granulosa Cells', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Rats', 'Receptors, Cell Surface', 'Receptors, LH']
| 6,254,822
|
[['D08.811.520.650.200', 'D12.644.360.050', 'D12.776.476.050'], ['B01.050'], ['D06.472.699.322.326', 'D06.472.699.649.367', 'D12.644.548.726.367', 'D12.776.780.400'], ['G07.690.773.992'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.288', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.288', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.288'], ['D06.472.699.322'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.535.200', 'A06.300.312.497.535.300', 'A11.382.812', 'A11.436.329'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.543.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.400', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.450', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.450', 'D12.776.543.750.750.660.350.450']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Impact of domain knowledge on blinded predictions of binding energies by alchemical free energy calculations.
|
The Drug Design Data Resource (D3R) consortium organises blinded challenges to address the latest advances in computational methods for ligand pose prediction, affinity ranking, and free energy calculations. Within the context of the second D3R Grand Challenge several blinded binding free energies predictions were made for two congeneric series of Farsenoid X Receptor (FXR) inhibitors with a semi-automated alchemical free energy calculation workflow featuring FESetup and SOMD software tools. Reasonable performance was observed in retrospective analyses of literature datasets. Nevertheless, blinded predictions on the full D3R datasets were poor due to difficulties encountered with the ranking of compounds that vary in their net-charge. Performance increased for predictions that were restricted to subsets of compounds carrying the same net-charge. Disclosure of X-ray crystallography derived binding modes maintained or improved the correlation with experiment in a subsequent rounds of predictions. The best performing protocols on D3R set1 and set2 were comparable or superior to predictions made on the basis of analysis of literature structure activity relationships (SAR)s only, and comparable or slightly inferior, to the best submissions from other groups.
|
['Binding Sites', 'Computer-Aided Design', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Databases, Protein', 'Drug Design', 'Humans', 'Ligands', 'Molecular Docking Simulation', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Conformation', 'Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear', 'Thermodynamics']
| 29,134,431
|
[['G02.111.570.120'], ['L01.224.108.150', 'L01.296.110.150'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.300.750', 'L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.325.710', 'L01.470.750.750.300.750', 'L01.470.750.750.325.710'], ['E05.290.500', 'H01.158.703.007.338.500', 'H01.181.466.338.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['E05.599.595.249', 'L01.224.160.249'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D12.776.826'], ['G01.906']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparison of two techniques for the evaluation of fetomaternal hemorrhage in RhD-negative women: gel agglutination and haemoglobin F determination by flow cytometry.
|
BACKGROUND: In the treatment of RhD-negative women, it is clinically important to adjust the RhD immunoglobulin dose to the volume of the fetal-maternal hemorrhage (FMH). The present study compared a standard flow cytometry technique for FMH quantification to a simple alternative, the gel agglutination test.METHODS: Blood samples were collected from 118 RhD negative women after delivery, and were analysed for the amount of FMH by both flow cytometry and the gel agglutination test. Events associated with increased FMH in a previous and current pregnancy, and with neonatal complications, were correlated to the results.RESULTS: A FMH of 0.1 ml or more was detected in all 118 women in the study group by flow cytometry (mean 2.0+/-1.2 ml), but in only 31 women (35.6% of 87 with RhD positive infant) (mean FMH 0.76+/-1.48 ml) by the gel agglutination test (p<0.001). On multivariate regression analysis, only gestational age was a weak significant independent positive predictor for FMH (r (2)=0.037, p=0.047).CONCLUSION: The gel agglutination technique, as used in the range of 0.1-10 ml, is not sensitive enough to detect FMH.
|
['Adult', 'Agglutination Tests', 'Female', 'Fetal Hemoglobin', 'Fetomaternal Transfusion', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Israel', 'Pregnancy', 'Regression Analysis', 'Rh-Hr Blood-Group System', 'Rho(D) Immune Globulin']
| 17,611,827
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.050', 'E05.200.812.735.050', 'E05.478.594.760.050'], ['D12.776.124.400.303', 'D12.776.422.316.762.320'], ['C15.378.071.363.511', 'C16.614.053.511'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['Z01.252.245.500.375'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['D23.050.301.290.775', 'D23.050.705.230.775'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393.700', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393.700', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Neutral amino acid transport in mouse peritoneal macrophages.
|
Neutral amino acid transport has been characterized in the mouse peritoneal macrophages elicited by thioglycolate broth. Serine, alanine, cysteine, and leucine were transported mainly in a Na+-independent manner and, within the concentration ranges tested, the transport of each amino acid was mediated by a single, saturable system. The transport of these amino acids was strongly inhibited by a wide variety of neutral amino acids, 2-aminobicyclo(2,2,1)heptane-2-carboxylic acid, a putative System L substrate, but not by glycine, proline, or 2-methylaminoisobutyrate. In this study the transport of serine has been characterized in detail. Inhibition of the transport of serine by 2-aminobicyclo(2,2,1)heptane-2-carboxylic acid or by leucine was competitive. The transport of serine which exhibited trans-stimulation was slightly stimulated by lowering the pH and was little affected by N-ethylmaleimide. It was also shown that most of the neutral amino acids were concentrated only slightly (less than 2-fold) in the macrophages, unlike in the lymphocytes and granulocytes. From these results we have concluded that in the macrophages serine, cysteine, alanine, leucine, and presumably many other neutral amino acids are transported almost exclusively through a common transport system analogous to System L.
|
['Alanine', 'Amino Acids', 'Animals', 'Biological Transport', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cysteine', 'Kinetics', 'Leucine', 'Macrophages', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Serine', 'Tritium']
| 3,115,975
|
[['D12.125.042'], ['D12.125'], ['B01.050'], ['G03.143'], ['A11.251'], ['D02.886.030.230', 'D02.886.489.155', 'D12.125.154.299', 'D12.125.166.230'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D12.125.070.637', 'D12.125.142.441'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['D12.125.154.800'], ['D01.268.406.875', 'D01.362.340.875', 'D01.496.749.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Maternal smoking during pregnancy and kidney volume in the offspring: the Generation R Study.
|
An adverse fetal environment leads to smaller kidneys, with fewer nephrons, which might predispose an individual to the development of kidney disease and hypertension in adult life. In a prospective cohort study among 1,072 children followed from early fetal life onward, we examined whether maternal smoking during pregnancy, as a significant adverse fetal exposure, is associated with fetal (third trimester of pregnancy, n = 1,031) and infant kidney volume (2 years of age, n = 538) measured by ultrasound. Analyses were adjusted for various potential confounders. Among mothers who continued smoking, we observed dose-dependent associations between the number of cigarettes smoked during pregnancy and kidney volume in fetal life. Smoking less than five cigarettes per day was associated with larger fetal combined kidney volume, while smoking more than ten cigarettes per day tended to be associated with smaller fetal combined kidney volume (p for trend: 0.002). This pattern was not significant for kidney volume at the age of 2 years. Our results suggest that smoking during pregnancy might affect kidney development in fetal life with a dose-dependent relationship. Further studies are needed to assess the underlying mechanisms and whether these differences in fetal kidney volume have postnatal consequences for kidney function and blood pressure.
|
['Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Fetal Development', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Pregnancy', 'Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects', 'Smoking', 'Ultrasonography']
| 21,617,916
|
[['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['G07.345.500.325.235', 'G08.686.784.170.157'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['A05.810.453'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.824.500'], ['F01.145.805'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A case of a 6-year-old girl with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-negative pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis.
|
A 6-year-old girl was admitted to our hospital with proteinuria, hematuria, skin rash and joint pain of the lower limbs. Due to rapid progression of renal insufficiency, hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis were performed. She was diagnosed with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. Kidney biopsy showed severe crescent formation (50% of glomeruli) and no deposition of any immunoglobulins or complements. Serologically, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA) was negative not only by ELISA against proteinase-3 and myeloperoxidase-ANCA but also by indirect immunofluorescent assay against cytoplasmic and perinuclear ANCA. Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody was also negative. In the acute phase, proinflammatory cytokines such as soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (sTNFR1), soluble interleukin (IL)-2 receptor (sIL2R), IL-6 and chemokine IL-8 were elevated. The patient was diagnosed with ANCA-negative pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis (CrGN). Intensive treatment with methylprednisolone pulse therapy, plasma exchange, and multiple drug therapy including prednisolone and cyclophosphamide resulted in histopathological improvement and complete remission of proteinuria. There was a possibility that sTNFR1, sIL2R, IL-6 and IL-8 might be involved in the initiation and progression of ANCA-negative pauci-immune CrGN, and to remove and suppress these cytokines might be an effective way to treat ANCA-negative pauci-immune CrGN.
|
['Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic', 'Autoantibodies', 'Child', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'Glomerulonephritis', 'Humans', 'Methylprednisolone', 'Plasmapheresis', 'Prednisolone', 'Proteinuria', 'Pulse Therapy, Drug']
| 21,360,022
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323.190', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323.190', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323.190', 'D23.101.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323'], ['M01.060.406'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.730.243', 'D02.705.672.500.243'], ['E02.319.310'], ['C12.777.419.570.363', 'C13.351.968.419.570.363'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.795.539'], ['E02.120.770', 'E02.912.715', 'E04.292.869'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.795'], ['C12.777.934.734', 'C13.351.968.934.734', 'C23.888.942.750'], ['E02.319.283.600']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Populations of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) are modulated by drought at a Lyme disease focus in Illinois.
|
From 1990 through 1997, Ixodes scapularis Say larvae and nymphs were sampled between May and October along a 400-m segment of a nature trail in a Lyme disease endemic site in northern Illinois. Ticks were removed from Peromyscus leucopus mice and collected via tick drags at approximately 3-wk intervals. Mouse population estimates along the trail varied from 2, in the spring of 1996 following a year of drought, to > 200 in 1993, the wettest year on record. During the 8-yr period, there were major droughts during the summers of 1991 and 1995. Cumulative degree-days were positively correlated with the number of ticks collected on drags in the same year and negatively correlated with larval tick populations for the following year (P < 0.05). Cumulative rainfall was positively correlated with larval tick abundance for the following year. This was most readily apparent by examination of the larval density on captured mice. In the year following each of two drought years, larval densities were significantly depressed compared with the 8-yr average at the site.
|
['Animals', 'Climate', 'Disasters', 'Humans', 'Illinois', 'Ixodes', 'Lyme Disease', 'Population']
| 15,535,585
|
[['B01.050'], ['G16.500.275.071', 'N06.230.300.100.250'], ['N06.230.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.350', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.350'], ['B01.050.500.131.166.132.832.400.425'], ['C01.150.252.400.536', 'C01.150.252.400.794.352.250', 'C01.920.930.513'], ['N01.600']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Immunolocalization of the G protein alpha subunit encoded by the GPA1 gene in Arabidopsis.
|
Heterotrimeric GTP binding proteins (G proteins) are important signal transducers in lower eukaryotes and in animal cells. In plants, the occurrence of GTP binding proteins has been reported, but their biological function remains unclear. Two genes coding for G protein alpha subunits have been cloned: GPA1 in Arabidopsis and TGA1 in tomato. To gain some insights into the function of GPA1, we describe an extensive immunolocalization of GPalpha1, the gene product of GPA1, during Arabidopsis development. Our results show that the GPalpha1 is present through all stages of development and in all organs examined, with the exception of mature seeds. It is expressed in roots, floral stem, rosette leaves, cauline leaves, flowers, and seed pods. Interestingly, the level of GPalpha1 protein is higher in immature organs than in mature organs. GPalpha1 is present at a high level in the root meristem and elongation zone, in the shoot and floral meristems, and in the leaf primordium and floral organ (sepal, petal, stamen, and gynoecium) primordia. During flower development, dividing microspores, but not mature pollen, show high levels of GPalpha1. During pollination, GPalpha1 is present in the growing pollen tubes. The protein is also present in nectaries and developing ovules and, after fertilization, in developing embryos. In mature tissue, GPalpha1 is preferentially found in the vascular system but is also present in other cell types. The complexity of the GPalpha1 localization pattern suggests that GPalpha1 might be involved in different signaling pathways depending on the developmental stage.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Arabidopsis', 'GTP-Binding Proteins', 'Genes, Plant', 'Immunoblotting', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Plant Proteins', 'Pollen', 'Seeds']
| 8,312,737
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.100'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300', 'D12.776.157.325'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.393', 'G05.360.340.365.500'], ['E05.478.566.320', 'E05.601.470.320'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.765'], ['A18.024.249.500.249.500'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Metabolism of butadiene monoxide by freshly isolated hepatocytes from mice and rats: different partitioning between oxidative, hydrolytic, and conjugation pathways.
|
1,3-Butadiene (BD) is a multisite carcinogen in rodents, with mice being much more susceptible than rats. This species difference in carcinogenicity has been attributed to differences in metabolism. In this study, coordinated metabolism of butadiene monoxide (BMO, 5, 25, and 250 microM), the primary reactive metabolite of BD, was investigated in freshly isolated male B6C3F1 mouse and Sprague-Dawley rat hepatocytes. The hepatocytes from both species catalyzed BMO oxidation to meso- and (+/-)-diepoxybutane (DEB), BMO hydrolysis to 3-butene-1,2-diol (BDD), and BMO conjugation with glutathione (GSH) to form GSH conjugates (GSBMO). Metabolite area under the curve (AUC) exhibited dependence on the BMO concentration and incubation time (0-45 min). However, the observed BMO activation/detoxication ratios (obtained by dividing the AUC for total DEB by the summed AUC values for BDD and GSBMO) with mouse hepatocytes were approximately 15- to 40-fold higher than the corresponding ratios observed with rat hepatocytes. At 5 microM BMO, bioactivation in the mouse exceeded detoxication by approximately 2-fold, whereas at the 250 microM concentration, activation was only about 31% of total detoxication. In rat hepatocytes, the activation-detoxication ratio was relatively independent of the initial BMO concentration, with flux through the oxidative pathway at approximately 2 to 5% of the total detoxication. These results, which are more consistent with in vivo mouse and rat toxicity data than the metabolic rates obtained with subcellular fractions, illustrate the potential utility of the isolated hepatocyte model for estimating flux through competing metabolic pathways and predicting in vivo metabolism of BMO and its parent compound, BD.
|
['Animals', 'Epoxy Compounds', 'Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry', 'Glutathione', 'Hepatocytes', 'Hydrolysis', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley']
| 11,353,751
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.355.291.411'], ['E05.196.181.349.500', 'E05.196.566.500'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['A11.436.348'], ['G02.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Service Delivery Correlates of Choosing Short-Acting Contraceptives at the Time of Uterine Evacuation in Bangladesh.
|
CONTEXT: The World Health Organization recommends that contraceptives be offered on the day of a uterine evacuation procedure (i.e., induced abortion or postabortion care for an incomplete abortion). Short-acting methods can be initiated on the day of the uterine evacuation, regardless of procedure type.METHODS: Survey data from a facility-based sample of 479 Bangladeshi women aged 18-49 who did not intend to become pregnant in the four months following their uterine evacuation were used to examine women's choice of short-acting contraceptive methods (pill, condoms or injectable). Service delivery correlates of contraceptive choice were identified using sequential logistic regression models.RESULTS: Seventy-three percent of women chose a short-acting contraceptive method on the day of their uterine evacuation. The odds that a woman chose a short-acting method, rather than no method, were lower among those who had had a medication abortion (odds ratio, 0.1) or dilatation and curettage (0.3) than among those who had had a vacuum aspiration. The likelihood that a woman chose a specific type of short-acting method varied according to the type of uterine evacuation she had had, the facility level and the governmental or nongovernmental entity that managed the facility.CONCLUSIONS: Uterine evacuation service delivery characteristics may act as barriers to women's choosing a contraceptive method following an abortion. Training and monitoring providers may help ensure that all uterine evacuation clients have access to the full range of contraceptive information and services and that their choices, rather than service delivery factors, drive postabortion contraceptive use.
|
['Abortion, Induced', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aftercare', 'Bangladesh', 'Contraception', 'Contraceptive Agents, Female', 'Contraceptives, Postcoital', 'Databases, Factual', 'Delivery of Health Care', 'Developing Countries', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Preference', 'Pregnancy', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Time Factors', 'Vacuum Curettage', 'Young Adult']
| 29,261,504
|
[['E04.520.050'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E02.760.169.063', 'N02.421.585.169.063', 'N04.590.233.727.210.063'], ['Z01.252.245.131'], ['E02.875.194'], ['D27.505.696.875.360.276', 'D27.505.954.705.360.276'], ['D27.505.696.875.360.276.310', 'D27.505.954.705.360.276.310'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['N04.590.374', 'N05.300'], ['I01.615.500.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.100.150.750.625.500', 'F01.145.488.887.625.500', 'N04.452.822.700.500', 'N05.300.150.800.625.500'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E04.157.310.970', 'E04.950.300.299.970'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Development of a native Escherichia coli induction system for ionic liquid tolerance.
|
The ability to solubilize lignocellulose makes certain ionic liquids (ILs) very effective reagents for pretreating biomass prior to its saccharification for biofuel fermentation. However, residual IL in the aqueous sugar solution can inhibit the growth and function of biofuel-producing microorganisms. In E. coli this toxicity can be partially overcome by the heterologous expression of an IL efflux pump encoded by eilA from Enterobacter lignolyticus. In the present work, we used microarray analysis to identify native E. coli IL-inducible promoters and develop control systems for regulating eilA gene expression. Three candidate promoters, PmarR', PydfO', and PydfA', were selected and compared to the IPTG-inducible PlacUV5 system for controlling expression of eilA. The PydfA' and PmarR' based systems are as effective as PlacUV5 in their ability to rescue E. coli from typically toxic levels of IL, thereby eliminating the need to use an IPTG-based system for such tolerance engineering. We present a mechanistic model indicating that inducible control systems reduce target gene expression when IL levels are low. Selected-reaction monitoring mass spectrometry analysis revealed that at high IL concentrations EilA protein levels were significantly elevated under the control of PydfA' and PmarR' in comparison to the other promoters. Further, in a pooled culture competition designed to determine fitness, the strain containing pPmarR'-eilA outcompeted strains with other promoter constructs, most significantly at IL concentrations above 150 mM. These results indicate that native promoters such as PmarR' can provide effective systems for regulating the expression of heterologous genes in host engineering and simplify the development of industrially useful strains.
|
['Escherichia coli', 'Escherichia coli Proteins', 'Ionic Liquids', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'RNA, Bacterial', 'Transcriptome']
| 24,983,352
|
[['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D12.776.097.275'], ['D27.720.844.500'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D13.444.735.473'], ['G02.111.873.750', 'G05.297.700.750', 'G05.360.920']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Molecular characterisation and expression analysis of SEREX-defined antigen NUCB2 in gastric epithelium, gastritis and gastric cancer.
|
NUCB2 is an EF-hand Ca2+ binding protein that has been implicated in various physiological processes like calcium homeostasis, hypothalamic regulation of feeding and TNF receptor shedding. In our previous study we identified NUCB2 as a potential tumour antigen eliciting autoantibody responses in 5.4% of gastric cancer patients but not in the healthy individuals.The current study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying NUCB2 immunogenicity and to gain an insight into the physiological functions of NUCB2 in the stomach. mRNA expression analysis demonstrated that NUCB2 is ubiquitously expressed in normal tissues, including lymphoid tissues, and downregulated in gastric tumours when compared with the adjacent relatively normal stomach tissues.The search for molecular alterations resulted in the identification of novel mRNA variants transcribed from an alternative promoter and expressed predominantly in gastric cancers. Western blot analysis demonstrated that the protein levels correspond to mRNA levels and revealed that NUCB2 is phosphorylated in gastric mucosa. Furthermore, a 55 kDa isoform,generated presumably by yet an unidentified post-translational modification was detected in gastric tumours and AGS gastric cancer cells but was absent in the relatively normal gastric mucosa and thereby might have served as a trigger for the immune response against NUCB2. Staining of stomach tissue microarray with anti-NUCB2 antibody revealed that it is expressed in the secretory granules of chief cells and in the cytoplasm of parietal cells in the functioning gastric glands which are lost in atrophic glands and tumour cells. Hence we propose that NUCB2 may be implicated in gastric secretion by establishing an agonist-releasable Ca2+ store in ER or Golgi apparatus, signalling via heterotrimeric Galpha proteins and/or mediating the exocytosis of the secretory granules.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Autoantibodies', 'Calcium-Binding Proteins', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Down-Regulation', 'Female', 'Gastric Mucosa', 'Gastritis', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Nucleobindins', 'Parietal Cells, Gastric', 'Protein Processing, Post-Translational', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Stomach Neoplasms']
| 19,351,608
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323'], ['D12.776.157.125'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['A03.556.875.875.440', 'A10.615.550.291'], ['C06.405.205.697', 'C06.405.748.398'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.631'], ['D12.776.157.125.588', 'D12.776.260.623'], ['A03.556.875.875.440.708', 'A10.615.550.291.650', 'A11.436.708'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600', 'G02.111.691.600', 'G03.734.871.790.600', 'G05.308.670.600'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
ROS-mediated bidirectional regulation of miRNA results in distinct pathologic heart conditions.
|
Under distinct pathological heart conditions, the expression of a single miRNA can display completely opposite patterns. However, the mechanism underlying the bidirectional regulation of a single miRNA and the clinical implications of this regulation remain largely unknown. To address this issue, we examined the regulation of miR-1, one of the most abundant miRNAs in the heart, during cardiac hypertrophy and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Our data indicated that different magnitudes and chronicities of ROS levels in cardiomyocytes resulted in differential expression of miR-1, subsequently altering the expression of myocardin. In animal models, the administration of a miR-1 mimic attenuated cardiac hypertrophy by suppressing the transverse aortic constriction-induced increase in myocardin expression, whereas the administration of anti-miR-1 ameliorated I/R-induced cardiac apoptosis and deterioration of heart function. Our findings indicated that a pathologic stimulus such as ROS can bidirectionally alter the expression of miRNA to contribute to the development of pathological conditions exhibiting distinct phenotypes and that the meticulous adjustment of the pathological miRNA levels is required to improve clinical outcomes.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Cardiomegaly', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Heart Failure', 'MicroRNAs', 'Myocardium', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Trans-Activators']
| 26,253,469
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['C14.280.195', 'C23.300.775.250'], ['A11.251'], ['G05.308'], ['C14.280.434'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['D12.776.660'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['D12.776.260.755', 'D12.776.930.900', 'D12.776.964.925.984']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Reduction of subcutaneous mass, but not lean mass, in normal fetuses in Denver, Colorado.
|
OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that reduced birth weight in normal fetuses born at moderately high altitude (Denver), compared with the birth weight in normal fetuses born at sea level (Milan), is caused by a reduction in both lean mass and subcutaneous fat mass.STUDY DESIGN: Ninety-four normal singleton pregnancies (46 in Denver, 48 in Milan) had serial ultrasonographic axial images obtained to assess subcutaneous tissues of fetuses as a measure of body fat. The abdominal wall thickness and mid upper arm and mid thigh were examined. The equation was: Subcutaneous tissue equals total cross-sectional area minus bone and muscle area. Lean mass included the area of muscle and bone, head circumference, and femur length.RESULTS: Gestational age at delivery was similar between groups. Birth weight was less at Denver's altitude (2991 +/- 79 g versus 3247 +/- 96 g; P =.04). Abdominal wall thickness, mid upper arm, and mid thigh subcutaneous tissues measurements were significantly reduced at Denver's altitude and increased further in significance with advancing gestational age. Lean mass measurements were similar between groups.CONCLUSIONS: The reduced birth weight of the newborns in Denver was the result of a reduction in fetal subcutaneous fat tissue and not lean mass. Ultrasonography can be used to follow subcutaneous measurements longitudinally and to detect differences, and potentially disease processes, in study populations.
|
['Adipose Tissue', 'Adult', 'Altitude', 'Body Composition', 'Body Mass Index', 'Colorado', 'Female', 'Fetal Growth Retardation', 'Humans', 'Italy', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Pregnancy', 'Probability', 'Reference Values', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Ultrasonography, Prenatal']
| 11,641,662
|
[['A10.165.114'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G16.500.275.058', 'N06.230.058'], ['G02.111.130', 'G03.180', 'G07.100.049'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.210'], ['C13.703.277.370', 'C16.300.390', 'C23.550.393.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.350.850.865', 'E01.370.378.630.865']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Imprinting analysis of porcine DIO3 gene in two fetal stages and association analysis with carcass and meat quality traits.
|
Imprinted genes play important roles in mammalian growth, development and behavior. In this study, we obtained 1568 bp mRNA sequence of porcine DIO3 (deiodinase, iodothyronine, type III), and also identified its imprinting status during porcine fetal development. The complete open reading frame (ORF) encoding 278 amino acids. The porcine DIO3 mRNA was expressed predominantly in backfat, mildly in liver, uterus, kidney, heart, small intestine, muscle and stomach, and almost absent in spleen and lung. A single nucleotide polymorphism in exon (A/C (687)) was used to investigate the allele frequencies in different pig breeds and the imprinting status in porcine embryonic tissues. The results indicate that DIO3 was imprinted in all the tested tissues. Statistical analysis showed the DIO3 gene polymorphism was significantly associated with almost all the fat deposition and carcass traits, including lean meat percentage (LMP), fat meat percentage (FMP), ratio of lean to fat (RLF), shoulder fat thickness (SFT), sixth-seventh rib fat thickness (RFT), buttock fat thickness (BFT), loin eye area (LEA), and intramuscular fat (IMF).
|
['Animals', 'Body Composition', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA Primers', 'Fetus', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genetic Association Studies', 'Genomic Imprinting', 'Iodide Peroxidase', 'Linear Models', 'Meat', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sus scrofa', 'Thyroid Hormones']
| 21,660,470
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.130', 'G03.180', 'G07.100.049'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['A16.378'], ['G05.308.310'], ['G05.330'], ['E05.393.385'], ['G05.308.203.500'], ['D08.811.682.732.525'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['G07.203.300.600', 'J02.500.600'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['E05.393.620.500.706'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880.399'], ['D06.472.931']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Leukocyte reactivity as an objective means of quantifying mental loading during ergonomic evaluation.
|
Psychological stress evokes rapid changes to the cardiovascular and neuroendocrine systems, responses that can become habituated following repeated exposure. This study, comprising of two phases, suggests that the immune system follows a similar trend. Phase 1: 15 healthy subjects (aged between 26 and 56years) provided capillary blood samples before and after completing three basic tasks using, in turn, two automotive touch screen interfaces (Interface 1-antecedent version, Interface 2-improved version). Using a chemiluminescent technique termed leukocyte coping capacity (LCC), the ability of leukocytes to produce reactive oxygen species in vitro was assessed. Significant differences in leukocyte activity were shown between treatment groups, where the greatest post-test decrease occurred after using Interface 1. Phase 2: a randomly selected sub-group (n=4) underwent weekly repeat testing using both interfaces. Significant differences in post-test leukocyte reactivity were exhibited between test weeks for each interface-the magnitude of response decreasing with successive exposure.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adult', 'Blood Pressure', 'Body Temperature', 'Ergonomics', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Female', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Leukocytes, Mononuclear', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Psychological Tests', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Stress, Psychological']
| 20,299,010
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.600.875.374', 'G07.110'], ['F02.784.412', 'J01.293.556'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555', 'A15.145.229.637.555', 'A15.382.490.555'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Family socio-demographic factors and maternal obstetric factors influencing appropriate health-care seeking behaviours for newborn jaundice in Sagamu, Nigeria.
|
Poor care-seeking behaviour of families may be responsible for the high prevalence of complications of newborn jaundice in the developing world. To examine the influence of family socio-demographic characteristics and maternal obstetric factors on health care-seeking behaviours for newborn jaundice and the inter-relationship between this behavior and severity of newborn jaundice. Mothers whose babies were referred to a Nigerian tertiary hospital with jaundice were studied in a cross-sectional survey for appropriate health-care seeking behaviours as well as the need for exchange transfusion and the occurrence of kernicterus in their babies. Out of 182 mother-baby pairs, 127 (69.8%) mothers recognized jaundice in their infants, 34.1% delayed care for ?48 h, 40.6% sought medical care in orthodox health facilities while 20.9% did not seek care outside the home. In all, 61.5% mothers administered various medications to jaundiced babies. Appropriate health care-seeking behaviours were recorded among 28.6% mothers. Low maternal education had a significant relationship with delayed health care-seeking and the use of home remedies for newborn jaundice. A significantly higher proportion of babies who had home remedies had delayed care. Delayed care for ?48 h was also significantly associated with high Total Serum Bilirubin on admission, higher requirement for exchange transfusion and higher occurrence of kernicterus. Intensive health education of families may help improve their health care-seeking behaviours for neonatal jaundice.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Bilirubin', 'Child', 'Child Health Services', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Gestational Age', 'Health Behavior', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Jaundice, Neonatal', 'Male', 'Maternal Age', 'Mothers', 'Nigeria', 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care', 'Prevalence', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Time Factors', 'Young Adult']
| 21,365,297
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.249.184', 'D03.633.400.909.249.184', 'D04.345.783.249.184', 'D23.767.193.184'], ['M01.060.406'], ['N02.421.143.130'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['F01.145.488'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C16.614.451.500', 'C23.550.429.249.500'], ['G08.686.560', 'N05.715.350.075.550', 'N06.850.490.250.550'], ['F01.829.263.500.320.200', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340.270', 'M01.620.630'], ['Z01.058.290.190.565'], ['F01.100.150.750.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['G01.910.857'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Clock synchronization in various modes of regulation].
|
In this study, which is dedicated to the participants of I. M. Gelfand's scientific seminar, the regulation mechanisms for the clock synchronization in an isolated biological community are analyzed. A comparison has been carried out of the time consumed and the work done taking into account the specific error value for three modes of regulation: centralized regulation, centralized hierarchy regulation, and self-organization based on paired interaction. The results of the study may have different biophysical applications.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Clocks', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Humans', 'Models, Biological']
| 17,969,933
|
[['B01.050'], ['G07.180.562.094'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Transformation of MALT lymphoma to pure plasma cell histology following treatment with the anti-CD20 antibody rituximab.
|
Mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is a relatively common lymphoma arising from marginal-zone B-cells which are closely related to plasma cells. As opposed to the large majority of plasma cells, MALT lymphoma cells express CD20, and the anti-CD20 antibody rituximab has been reported as active treatment in patients with MALT lymphoma. We present a patient with MALT lymphoma involving stomach and lung which transformed to a pure plasma cell tumor after therapy with rituximab. This observation again supports the close association between the cell of origin of MALT lymphoma and plasma cells, suggesting that "plasmacytoma of the GI-tract" as anecdotally reported may in fact be a MALT lymphoma with extreme plasmacytic differentiation. In addition, our findings suggest that MALT lymphomas with plasmacytic differentiation might have a different 18F-FDG uptake as compared to classical MALT lymphoma.
|
['Aged, 80 and over', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Fluorodeoxyglucose F18', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone', 'Male', 'Plasma Cells', 'Rituximab', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 16,236,618
|
[['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.075', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.075', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.284'], ['G04.152'], ['D09.254.229.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['C04.557.386.480.150.570', 'C15.604.515.569.480.150.570', 'C20.683.515.761.480.150.570'], ['A11.063.438.725', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562.725', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562.725', 'A15.382.032.438.725', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562.725'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.075.785', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.075.785', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.284.785'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Activity and subunit composition of proteasomes in head and cervical squamous cell carcinomas.
|
The development of malignant neoplasm of the head and neck is related to the state of intracellular proteasome system. Elevation of total activity of proteasomes and specific activity of 20S proteasomal pool are accompanied by changes in proteasomal composition. Tumor size correlated with the content of regulatory proteasomal complex PA28. In the presence of regional metastases, 26S proteasome activity decreases and the content of proteasome immune subunit LMP7 in the tumor increases.
|
['Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Chemical Fractionation', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Fluorometry', 'Head and Neck Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex', 'Statistics, Nonparametric']
| 21,113,465
|
[['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['E05.196.155'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['E05.196.712.516.600'], ['C04.588.443'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D05.500.562.500', 'D08.811.277.656.918', 'D08.811.600.730'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Stratifying fibrinolytic dosing in pediatric parapneumonic effusion based on ultrasound grade correlation.
|
BACKGROUND: Complicated pleural effusion prolongs the hospital course of pneumonia. Chest tube placement with instillation of fibrinolytic medication allows efficient drain output and decreases hospital stay.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate experience with lower fibrinolytic dose for parapneumonic effusions and to assess potential dose stratification based on a simple ultrasound grading system.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical record to identify children and young adults who received fibrinolytic therapy for parapneumonic effusion and had chest tube placement by an interventional radiology service at a single children's hospital. We assessed tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) dosing and treatment duration, as well as the need for a second pleural procedure or surgical drainage. Diagnostic US images were classified as showing less than 50% pleural echogenicity (grade 1) or greater than 50% pleural echogenicity (grade 2) and were correlated with clinical parameters.RESULTS: Of 32 patients with parapneumonic effusion, all except one received at least some 1-mg tPA doses. Dosing was solely 1-mg tPA in 81% of subjects; 19% of subjects also received 2-mg tPA doses. Mean fibrinolytic duration was 3.1 days for grade 1 effusions compared to 5.4 days for grade 2 effusions. A second pleural procedure was required in 15.6% of children. Pleural drainage with fibrinolytic therapy was successful in 97%; only one child required surgical drainage. Grade 2 US differed significantly from grade 1 US, with grade 2 occurring in younger patients (P < 0.0001), smaller patients (P < 0.0001), those needing a second procedure (P = 0.001), those with positive pleural culture or polymerase chain reaction test (P = 0.006), and those with longer treatment duration (P = 0.03).CONCLUSION: A lower 1-mg dosing regimen of tissue plasminogen activator was effective in all children with less complex (grade 1 US imaging) parapneumonic effusions. Grade 2 US images correlated with younger and smaller children, presence of a pleural organism, and longer or more complicated chest tube duration.
|
['Adolescent', 'Chest Tubes', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Drainage', 'Female', 'Fibrinolytic Agents', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Pleural Effusion', 'Pneumonia', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tissue Plasminogen Activator', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Ultrasonography, Interventional', 'Young Adult']
| 27,709,281
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E07.858.150'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E02.186'], ['E02.309', 'E04.237'], ['D27.505.519.421.750', 'D27.505.954.411.320', 'D27.505.954.502.427'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C08.528.652'], ['C01.748.610', 'C08.381.677', 'C08.730.610'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.875', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.875', 'D12.776.124.125.662.768', 'D23.119.970'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E01.370.350.850.855', 'E04.502.890'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
áII Spectrin Forms a Periodic Cytoskeleton at the Axon Initial Segment and Is Required for Nervous System Function.
|
Spectrins form a submembranous cytoskeleton proposed to confer strength and flexibility to neurons and to participate in ion channel clustering at axon initial segments (AIS) and nodes of Ranvier. Neuronal spectrin cytoskeletons consist of diverse â subunits and áII spectrin. Although áII spectrin is found in neurons in both axonal and somatodendritic domains, using proteomics, biochemistry, and superresolution microscopy, we show that áII and âIV spectrin interact and form a periodic AIS cytoskeleton. To determine the role of spectrins in the nervous system, we generated Sptan1f/f mice for deletion of CNS áII spectrin. We analyzed áII spectrin-deficient mice of both sexes and found that loss of áII spectrin causes profound reductions in all â spectrins. áII spectrin-deficient mice die before 1 month of age and have disrupted AIS and many other neurological impairments including seizures, disrupted cortical lamination, and widespread neurodegeneration. These results demonstrate the importance of the spectrin cytoskeleton both at the AIS and throughout the nervous system.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Spectrin cytoskeletons play diverse roles in neurons, including assembly of excitable domains such as the axon initial segment (AIS) and nodes of Ranvier. However, the molecular composition and structure of these cytoskeletons remain poorly understood. Here, we show that áII spectrin partners with âIV spectrin to form a periodic cytoskeleton at the AIS. Using a new áII spectrin conditional knock-out mouse, we show that áII spectrin is required for AIS assembly, neuronal excitability, cortical lamination, and to protect against neurodegeneration. These results demonstrate the broad importance of spectrin cytoskeletons for nervous system function and development and have important implications for nervous system injuries and diseases because disruption of the spectrin cytoskeleton is a common molecular pathology.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Animals', 'Axons', 'COS Cells', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chlorocebus aethiops', 'Cytoskeleton', 'Gene Deletion', 'Hippocampus', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', "Ranvier's Nodes", 'Spectrin']
| 29,038,240
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.675.542.145', 'A11.284.180.075', 'A11.671.137', 'A11.671.501.145'], ['A11.251.210.172.500', 'A11.329.228.220'], ['A11.251'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.126.110'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['A08.637.800.500.700', 'A08.675.542.512.560.700', 'A08.800.800.690.500.700', 'A10.755.503.700', 'A11.284.149.165.760', 'A11.650.800.500.700', 'A11.671.501.512.560.700', 'A11.671.514.553.640'], ['D12.776.220.980', 'D12.776.543.850']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A sensitive fluorescent assay for N-acetyltransferase activity in human lymphocytes from newborns and adults.
|
We have developed a simplified assay for the enzyme N-acetyltransferase, based upon the loss of fluorescence after acetylation of the substrate p-aminobenzoic acid. This method is sufficiently sensitive to permit the quantitation of N-acetyltransferase activity in 10(5) human lymphocytes. Using this method, we have compared the level of N-acetyltransferase activity in lymphocytes from adult peripheral blood and from cord blood samples.
|
['Acetyltransferases', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Fetal Blood', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Lymphocytes', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence']
| 476,964
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Development and evaluation of an ultrasensitive free VEGF-A immunoassay for analysis of human aqueous humor.
|
Aim: Novel bifunctional VEGF-A neutralizing therapies are being developed for the treatment of retinal vascular diseases such as age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy. In developing new therapeutic drugs, only small aqueous humor sample volumes are available for analyzing several parameters. Highly sensitive detection methods must be applied in analyzing VEGF-A levels in ocular fluids in order to demonstrate VEGF-A suppression following drug administration. Experimental: A highly sensitive immunoassay for VEGF-A was developed on the single molecule array (Simoa) platform, and validated before being used for the analysis of clinical aqueous humor samples from patients treated with anti-VEGF-A therapeutics. Results: This highly sensitive immunoassay allows the detection of baseline VEGF-A levels and suppression effects after drug administration, even in sample volumes as low as 12 ìl. Conclusion: The Simoa VEGF-A assay is a valuable tool for the reliable monitoring of VEGF-A suppression after intravitreal administration of anti-VEGF-A drugs.
|
['Aqueous Humor', 'Calibration', 'Diabetes Complications', 'Humans', 'Immunoassay', 'Limit of Detection', 'Macular Edema', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A']
| 31,070,047
|
[['A09.371.060.067.070', 'A12.207.270.040'], ['E05.978.155'], ['C19.246.099'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566', 'E05.601.470'], ['E05.318.740.872.374', 'N05.715.360.750.725.500', 'N06.850.520.830.872.500'], ['C11.768.585.439.245'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Interaction of zinc protoporphyrin with intact oxyhemoglobin.
|
In erythropoietic protoporphyria and lead poisoning, free protoporphyrin (PPIX) and zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP), respectively, accumulate in erythrocytes. That PPIX and ZPP bind to human hemoglobin A (Hb4) is established, but the site of binding is still a matter of controversy. We investigated the interaction of ZPP with intact, tetrameric oxy Hb4, using batch microcalorimetry, front-face fluorometry, absorption difference spectroscopy, oxygen equilibrium studies, and isoelectric focusing (IEF). In the presence of oxy Hb4 (pH 7.35, 0.05 M phosphate), the fluorescence emission maximum (excitation at 420 nm) of ZPP immediately shifts from 587 nm (ZPP alone) to 594 nm, as expected when binding to protein. The fluorescence intensity increases with time and is correlated with the ZPP:Hb4 mole ratio. A slow, time-dependent reaction is also observed with microcalorimetry: the rate of heat of reaction exhibits both a fast and a slow component. The heats of reaction range from -2.1 to -14.8 mcal depending upon the ZPP:Hb4 ratio of 4:1 (0.4 mM:0.1 mM) to 38:1 (3.8 mM:0.1 mM), respectively, and are typical of weak, noncovalent protein-ligand interactions. The optical difference spectra are a function of the ZPP:Hb4 molar ratio and also exhibit a slow increase in intensity over time. No time-dependent optical difference spectra are observed with ZPP or with Hb4 alone. The oxygen affinity of Hb4 in the presence of ZPP decreases with increasing mole ratio. During IEF, all ZPP separates from Hb4, consistent with a weak, noncovalent interaction at a non-heme pocket site. We conclude that ZPP binds to intact, tetrameric hemoglobin at non-heme pocket sites in a nonspecific, weak, noncovalent interaction.
|
['Calorimetry', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Macromolecular Substances', 'Oxyhemoglobins', 'Porphyrins', 'Protein Binding', 'Protoporphyrins', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Spectrophotometry']
| 2,719,938
|
[['E05.196.131'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D05'], ['D12.776.124.400.707', 'D12.776.422.316.762.687'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.500', 'D03.633.400.909.500', 'D04.345.783.500', 'D23.767.727'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.500.725', 'D03.633.400.909.500.725', 'D04.345.783.500.725', 'D23.767.727.725'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['E05.196.712.726', 'E05.196.867.826']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Effectiveness and adaptation to food quality of the starch-glucose conveyor following section of the bile and pancreatic ducts in rats].
|
Membrane hydrolysis and carbohydrate transport were determined 2 hours after bread or meat feeding of rats on the 4th, 7th, and 14th day after the ligation of the bile-pancreatic duct in various segments of the small intestine. Even with a sharp reduction of the amylolytic activity of the mucosa surface, the transport of glucose released during the membrane hydrolysis of starch was retarded much less. During observation for two weeks the intensity of starch glucose transport increased sharply in preparations of the intestine in bread-fed rats, but fell in meat-fed rats. The differences between the sucrose hydrolysis level and the free-glucose transport were insignificant in both groups of rats. The data obtained are discussed in the light of A. M. Ugolev's hypothesis on plastic organization of the digestive-transport conveyer.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Transport', 'Bread', 'Dietary Carbohydrates', 'Glucose', 'Hydrolysis', 'Intestinal Absorption', 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'Meat', 'Rats', 'Starch', 'Sucrose']
| 870,106
|
[['B01.050'], ['G03.143'], ['G07.203.300.100', 'J02.500.100'], ['D09.301', 'G07.203.300.362', 'J02.500.362'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['G02.380'], ['G03.015.500.374.500', 'G03.787.024.500.374.500', 'G07.203.650.372.500', 'G07.690.725.015.500.374.500', 'G10.261.353.500'], ['A03.556.124.369', 'A10.615.550.444'], ['G07.203.300.600', 'J02.500.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D05.750.078.562.855', 'D09.301.915', 'D09.698.365.855'], ['D09.698.629.305.770', 'D09.947.750.770']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cloning and analysis of the murine Fanconi anemia group C cDNA.
|
Fanconi anemia (FA) is one of a group of disorders characterized at the cellular level by a combination of hypersensitivity to DNA-damaging agents, chromosomal instability, and defective DNA repair. Clinical features of FA include pancytopenia, often accompanied by specific congenital malformations, and a predisposition to leukemia. Since the hematological manifestations are the critical defect in terms of prognosis, FA is a candidate disease for gene replacement therapy, and the development of a mouse model system is essential for the initial stages of this work. Previously, we have cloned the gene defective in FA group C by complementation of the intrinsic sensitivity of FA cells to DNA cross-linking agents. We have now cloned the murine homologue of the human FACC cDNA. The mouse cDNA (Facc) shares 79% amino acid sequence similarity with the human gene product. The expression of the mouse cDNA in human FA(C) cells restores the cellular drug sensitivity to normal levels. Thus, the function of the protein has been conserved despite the significant sequence divergence. PCR analysis of mouse tissue RNA reveals that the gene is expressed in all adult tissues, while in situ RNA hybridization experiments show tissue specific expression at late stages of fetal development. Cross-hybridizing sequences exist in DNA from other mammals, chicken and Drosophila. These results support the hypothesis that the FACC gene product has a role in a basic aspect of cellular protection against DNA damaging agents and that this function has been conserved during evolution.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cell Cycle Proteins', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chickens', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Cross-Linking Reagents', 'DNA', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Drosophila', 'Drug Resistance', 'Embryonic and Fetal Development', 'Fanconi Anemia', 'Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group C Protein', 'Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group Proteins', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Genetic Complementation Test', 'Mammals', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Organ Specificity', 'Phylogeny', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'Proteins', 'RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Species Specificity', 'Transfection']
| 7,689,006
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D12.776.167'], ['A11.251'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D27.720.470.410.210'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D12.776.260'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250'], ['G07.690.773.984'], ['G07.345.500.325', 'G08.686.784.170'], ['C15.378.071.085.080.280', 'C15.378.190.223.500.500.280', 'C16.320.077.280', 'C18.452.284.280'], ['D12.776.313.750'], ['D12.776.313'], ['G05.308'], ['E05.393.281.526'], ['B01.050.150.900.649'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.660'], ['G07.650'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['D12.776'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300.750', 'D12.776.964.775.375.750', 'D12.776.964.900.750.500.750', 'D12.776.964.970.600.850.375.750'], ['E05.393.751'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G16.824'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Experimental infection and transmission of Leishmania by Lutzomyia cruzi (Diptera: Psychodidae): Aspects of the ecology of parasite-vector interactions.
|
Several parameters should be addressed before incriminating a vector for Leishmania transmission. Those may include its ability to become infected by the same Leishmania species found in humans, the degree of attractiveness for reservoirs and humans and capacity to sustain parasite infection under laboratory conditions. This study evaluated the vectorial capacity of Lutzomyia cruzi for Leishmania infantum and gathered information on its ability to harbor L. amazonensis. Laboratory-reared Lu. cruzi were infected experimentally by feeding them on dogs infected naturally with L. infantum and hamsters infected with L. amazonensis. Sand fly attractiveness to dogs and humans was determined using wild caught insects. The expected daily survival of infected Lu. cruzi, the duration of the gonotrophic cycle, and the extrinsic incubation period were also investigated for both parasites. Vector competence was investigated for both Leishmania species. The mean proportion of female sand flies that fed on hosts was 0.40. For L. infantum and L. amazonensis, Lu. cruzi had experimental infection rates of 10.55% and 41.56%, respectively. The extrinsic incubation period was 3 days for both Leishmania species, regardless of the host. Survival expectancy of females infected with L. infantum and L. amazonensis after completing the gonotrophic cycle was 1.32 and 0.43, respectively. There was no association between L. infantum infection and sand fly longevity, but L. amazonensis-infected flies had significantly greater survival probabilities. Furthermore, egg-laying was significantly detrimental to survival. Lu. cruzi was found to be highly attracted to both dogs and humans. After a bloodmeal on experimentally infected hosts, both parasites were able to survive and develop late-stage infections in Lu. cruzi. However, transmission was demonstrated only for L. amazonensis-infected sand flies. In conclusion, Lu. cruzi fulfilled several of the requirements of vectorial capacity for L. infantum transmission. Moreover, it was also permissive to L. amazonensis.
|
['Animals', 'Cricetinae', 'Dogs', 'Ecosystem', 'Female', 'Host-Parasite Interactions', 'Humans', 'Insect Vectors', 'Leishmania infantum', 'Leishmaniasis, Visceral', 'Male', 'Psychodidae']
| 28,234,913
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['G16.527.200.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.850.335.188.100.500', 'N06.850.520.203.375.100.500'], ['B01.268.475.868.488.325'], ['C01.610.752.300.500.510', 'C01.920.813.510'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.781']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Cardiac and pulmonary doses and complication probabilities in standard and conformal tangential irradiation in conservative management of breast cancer.
|
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The clinical benefit of irradiating the intact breast after lumpectomy must be weighted against the risk of severe toxicity. We present a study on cardiac and pulmonary dose-volume data and the related complication probabilities of tangential breast irradiation having the following objectives: (1) to quantify the sparing of the organs at risk (ORs), the heart and the lung, achieved by three-dimensional (3-D) conformal tangential irradiation (CTI) as compared to standard tangential irradiation (STI); (2) to elucidate the uncertainty in radiation tolerance data; and (3) to analyse the relation between the amount of OR irradiated and the resulting morbidity risk.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Computed tomography (CT)-based 3-D treatment plans of 26 patients prescribed to CTI of the intact breast were applied. Contour-based STI has been our routine treatment, and was reconstructed for all patients. Dose-volume data and normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) predictions from the probit and relative seriality models with several cardiac and pulmonary tolerance parameterizations were analysed and compared.RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: A significant amount of normal tissues can be spared from radiation by using CT-based CTI, resulting in a 50% reduction of the average excess cardiac mortality risk in the left-sided cases. The risks for pericarditis and pneumonitis were too low to reveal any clinically significant difference between the treatments. For the STI set-up, a regression analysis showed that the excess cardiac mortality risk increased when larger parts of the heart were inside the fields. However, the different excess cardiac mortality and pneumonitis tolerance parameters resulted in statistically significant different NTCPs, which precluded the ability to accurately predict absolute NTCPs after tangential breast irradiation. Despite this uncertainty the different series of cardiac and pulmonary risk predictions were in relatively good agreement when small volumes of the ORs were irradiated. From the present data and without consideration of patient or organ motion, it therefore appears that tangential breast irradiation with less than 1 cm of the heart and 2-2.5 cm of the lung included inside the treatment fields will cause at most 1 per thousand risk for cardiac mortality and pulmonary morbidity. CT-based CTI should be considered, in particular for the left-sided cases, if these requirements cannot be met.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation', 'Female', 'Heart Diseases', 'Humans', 'Lung Diseases', 'Mastectomy, Segmental', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Biological', 'Pericarditis', 'Probability', 'Radiation Injuries', 'Radiation Pneumonitis', 'Radiation Tolerance', 'Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted', 'Radiotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Radiotherapy, Conformal', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 11,937,244
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E05.799.513.500', 'G01.750.740.500', 'G04.712.500', 'G07.225', 'G07.738.500', 'N06.850.810.250.180'], ['C14.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381'], ['E04.466.701'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.599.395'], ['C14.280.720'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['C26.733', 'G01.750.748.500', 'N06.850.460.350.850.500', 'N06.850.810.300.360'], ['C08.381.483.675', 'C08.381.520.734', 'C26.733.762', 'G01.750.748.500.762'], ['G04.712', 'G07.738'], ['E02.950.825', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.608'], ['E02.186.775', 'E02.815.600'], ['E02.815.635.700', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.550'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Implant-free anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with diamond instruments. A biological and anatomic method for every ligament transplantation].
|
UNLABELLED: Hamstring and patella tendons are usually used for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and fixed with foreign material, partially executed far from the original point of insertion. Besides the biomechanical questions bone defects are a severe problem in cases of revision. We developed a biological method with diamond cutting instruments for graft fixation with bone dowels near the native insertion. The graft is tensioned and fixed in 120 degrees knee flexion and is self-adapting in extension. The technique has been used in a large number of cases during a prospective study with a follow-up of 10 years for patella tendon and 4 years for hamstring tendon grafts. In this investigation 124 patients with bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) grafts showed an International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score A/B in 87% after a mean follow-up of 9.6 years, a Lachman test (maximum side-to-side difference) of 1.38+/-0.93 mm and a negative pivot shift test in 91% of the cases. Of the 147 patients with hamstring tendon grafts 89% had an IKDC score A/B after a mean follow-up of 4.3 years, a Lachman test of 1.14+/-0.76 mm and no pivot shift in 90% of the cases. The Tegner activity score decreased by -1.8 in both groups.CONCLUSION: This method allows a reliable biological press-fit fixation for every kind of graft near the original point of insertion, preventing bone defects, allowing early intensive rehabilitation and low costs.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anterior Cruciate Ligament', 'Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Diamond', 'Equipment Design', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Joint Instability', 'Knee Injuries', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prospective Studies', 'Prostheses and Implants', 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'Surgical Instruments', 'Suture Anchors', 'Tendon Transfer', 'Young Adult']
| 20,697,863
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A02.513.514.100', 'A02.835.583.512.100', 'A10.165.669.514.100'], ['C26.558.554.213'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['D01.268.150.200'], ['E05.320'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.550.521'], ['C26.558.554'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E07.695'], ['E01.370.600.700', 'G11.427.760'], ['E07.858.700'], ['E07.695.370.734', 'E07.858.442.660.460.734', 'E07.858.690.725.460.734'], ['E04.555.700'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Chronic pain treatment: a high moral imperative with offsetting personal risks for the physician--a medical student's perspective.
|
There is a clear need for physicians who specialize in the treatment of chronic pain, and these specialists must be empowered to use legally available and medically acceptable pain therapies, including opioids. However, prescribing opioids (or not prescribing them) for chronic pain treatment exposes pain physicians to medicolegal risks with serious personal consequences. This article summarizes, from a medical student's perspective, the basis for the specialization in pain medicine, and actions that place pain physicians at risk for serious professional harm. Regulatory issues of opioid prescription, physician litigation, and the ethical and legal implications on pain management from the perspective of a medical student are discussed. Existing data suggest that legal and regulatory issues have impacted and will continue to impact the treatment of pain. Creating uncertainty about legal issues and instilling fear in the prescribing physician are the best ways to discourage the use of opioids for legitimate medical purposes. In addition, the personal risks associated with the treatment of pain are likely to deter medical students from choosing pain management as their specialty. It is concluded that pain management is both a moral imperative and a moral obligation of clinicians that stems from the Hippocratic Oath. It is clear that there are many misconceptions and ethical concerns surrounding the use of opioids to treat pain. It is imperative that legal and regulatory issues do not discourage medical students from specializing in pain medicine.
|
['Analgesics, Opioid', 'Chronic Disease', 'Education, Medical', 'Humans', 'Moral Obligations', 'Pain Management', 'Physicians', 'Risk', 'Students, Medical']
| 19,140,905
|
[['D27.505.696.277.600.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.760.500', 'D27.505.954.427.040.550.500', 'D27.505.954.427.210.600.500'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['I02.358.399'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.500.760.500', 'K01.752.566.869.500'], ['E02.745', 'N04.590.607.500'], ['M01.526.485.810', 'N02.360.810'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['M01.848.769.602']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Enhanced expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor in apoptosis of androgen-independent prostatic cancer cell line induced by calcium ionophore.
|
In order to examine the relationship between apoptosis of androgen-independent prostatic cancer cells and cell cycle-associated proteins, TSU-pr1 human prostatic cancer cells were chronically exposed in vitro to the calcium ionophore ionomycin to sustain an elevation in their intracellular free calcium concentration. Temporal analysis demonstrated that the death of these cells does not require cell proliferation and involves fragmentation of genomic DNA into nucleosome sized pieces. Morphological analysis demonstrated that this death process is via apoptosis. During the apoptotic process induced by ionomycin, expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27Kip1 increased. Flow cytometric analysis showed that the treatment resulted in a block in G0/G1 of the cell cycle. These results demonstrate that even nonproliferating androgen-independent prostatic cancer cells can be induced to undergo apoptosis if a modest elevation in the intracellular free calcium is sustained for a sufficient time. p27Kip1 protein is a candidate for the cell cycle regulator in ionomycin-treated TSU-pr1 cells.
|
['Androgens', 'Apoptosis', 'Calcium', 'Cell Cycle', 'Cell Cycle Proteins', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27', 'Cyclins', 'DNA Fragmentation', 'DNA, Neoplasm', 'Humans', 'Ionomycin', 'Male', 'Microtubule-Associated Proteins', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Time Factors', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Tumor Suppressor Proteins']
| 9,252,652
|
[['D27.505.696.399.472.161'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['G04.144'], ['D12.776.167'], ['D12.644.360.225.500', 'D12.776.157.687.250', 'D12.776.167.187.500', 'D12.776.476.225.500', 'D12.776.624.776.355.500', 'D12.776.660.720.250'], ['D12.644.360.225.600', 'D12.776.167.187.600', 'D12.776.476.225.600', 'D12.776.624.776.355.600'], ['D12.644.360.262', 'D12.776.167.218', 'D12.776.476.262'], ['G05.200.230'], ['D13.444.308.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D10.251.355.391'], ['D12.776.220.600.450', 'D12.776.631.560'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['G01.910.857'], ['A11.251.860'], ['D12.776.624.776']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Lateral differences in schematic face encoding during dual-task performance with increasing levels of difficulty.
|
20 normal, right-handed, familial dextral men performed (a) unimanual finger tapping, (b) encoding of schematic faces at three levels of difficulty (3, 5, and 7 faces), (c) verbal production, (d) concurrent tapping and verbal production, and (e) concurrent tapping and face encoding. Subsequent recognition of faces was disrupted more by concurrent left-hand tapping than by concurrent right-hand tapping, supporting both the hypothesis that the right hemisphere mediates face encoding in adults and Kinsbourne and Hicks' (1978) "functional cerebral distance principle." Left- and right-hand tapping rate and variability were not asymmetrically affected by either verbal production or face encoding. While there was an increase in generalized interference effects on face encoding, the degree of asymmetry of the interference remained constant. In addition, as the difficulty of the memory task increased, variability of tapping rate decreased. This was discussed in terms of attention and automatic motor programming.
|
['Adult', 'Attention', 'Dominance, Cerebral', 'Face', 'Form Perception', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Memory', 'Memory, Short-Term', 'Mental Recall', 'Motor Activity', 'Pattern Recognition, Visual', 'Verbal Behavior']
| 2,748,292
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F02.830.104.214'], ['F02.830.297', 'G11.561.225'], ['A01.456.505'], ['F02.463.593.373', 'F02.463.593.778.435'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425.540'], ['F02.463.425.540.407'], ['F02.463.425.540.641'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['F02.463.593.524.500', 'F02.463.593.932.622'], ['F01.145.209.908']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Improved detection of CD5 epitope in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections of benign and neoplastic lymphoid tissues by using biotinylated tyramine enhancement after antigen retrieval.
|
To evaluate the effectiveness of the immunohistochemical staining of B- and T-cell lymphomas with Leu-1 (clone L17F12 CD5 antibody, Becton Dickinson, San Jose, Calif) in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections, we stained 12 specimens reflecting cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma, 7 of mantle cell lymphoma, 13 of T-cell lymphomas, and 9 of various B-cell neoplasms that do not ordinarily express CD5, using a streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase method with biotinylated tyramine enhancement after antigen retrieval. We were able to detect CD5 reactivity of neoplastic cells in 9 (75%) of 12 cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, 6 (86%) of 7 cases of mantle cell lymphoma, and 13 (100%) of 13 of the T-cell lymphomas. B-cell neoplasms (9/9) not typically associated with CD5 expression showed no reactivity of tumor cells. We conclude that the Leu-1 (CD5) antibody, routinely used for cryopreserved tissues, is also effective in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections using an antigen retrieval and streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase method with biotinylated tyramine.
|
['Biotinylation', 'CD3 Complex', 'CD5 Antigens', 'Fixatives', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Formaldehyde', 'Humans', 'Lymphoma, B-Cell', 'Lymphoma, T-Cell', 'Paraffin', 'Receptors, IgE', 'Tissue Embedding', 'Tyramine']
| 9,620,024
|
[['E05.601.085', 'G02.111.109', 'G03.162'], ['D23.050.301.264.894.095', 'D23.101.100.894.095'], ['D23.050.301.264.051.101', 'D23.050.301.264.894.101', 'D23.101.100.150.101', 'D23.101.100.894.101'], ['D27.720.355'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['D02.047.407'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.386.480.150', 'C15.604.515.569.480.150', 'C20.683.515.761.480.150'], ['C04.557.386.480.750', 'C15.604.515.569.480.750', 'C20.683.515.761.480.750'], ['D02.455.612'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.871.280'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.440', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.440', 'E05.200.500.620.760.440', 'E05.200.750.600.760.440'], ['D02.092.211.215.811']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Clampless laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: a step towards a harmless nephron-sparing surgery?
|
PURPOSE: To evaluate the results of our technique of clampless laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) and its impact as an emerging treatment for small renal masses (SMRs).MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed our prospectively maintained database: data of 117 patients who consecutively underwent LPN at our Institution from January 2009 to December 2011 were studied. Patients were divided into 2 Groups based on operative technique: Group A: clampless-LPN (cl-LPN); Group B: conventional LPN (clamping of renal artery). Demographic and peri-operative data, complications, pre- and post-operative serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were registered and compared by Student's t- and Chi-square-tests (p-values < 0.05 considered statistically significant).RESULTS: 41 patients were in Group A and 76 in Group B. Groups were comparable in terms of preoperative data except for tumour's size (2.35 ± 1.10 vs. 3.19 ± 1.57, Group A vs. B, respectively, p = 0.0029). Concerning perioperative data, warm ischemia time (WIT) was 0 min. in all Group A cases; mean WIT in Group B was 20.90 ± 9.27 min. One case (2.4%) in Group A (central tumour) was converted to conventional LPN. Mean eGFR postoperative decrease was higher in Group B (0.17 ± 9.30 vs. 4.38 ± 11.37 mL/min., A vs B, respectively, p = 0.0445).CONCLUSIONS: Notwithstanding the limits of the study, our results suggest that cl-LPN is a safe and effective technique, which allows surgeon to surgically treat SRMs even in case of complex location, without injuring kidney by ischemia.
|
['Aged', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Female', 'Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'Humans', 'Laparoscopy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nephrectomy', 'Nephrons', 'Organ Sparing Treatments', 'Postoperative Period', 'Preoperative Period', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 22,951,177
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['E01.370.390.400.300', 'G08.852.357'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.950.774.435'], ['A05.810.453.736'], ['E02.674'], ['E04.614.750', 'N02.421.585.753.750'], ['E04.614.937', 'N02.421.585.753.937'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Highly selective and sensitive nucleic acid detection based on polysaccharide-functionalized silver nanoparticles.
|
Polysaccharide-functionalized silver nanoparticles (Oc-AgNPs) with a mean diameter of 15 nm were utilized as a novel and effective fluorescence-sensing platform for nucleic acid detection. Tests on the oligonucleotide sequences associated with the human immunodeficiency virus as a model system showed that the Oc-AgNPs effectively absorbed and quenched dye-labeled single-stranded DNA through strong hydrogen bonding interactions and slight electrostatic attractive interactions. The proposed system efficiently differentiated between complementary and mismatched nucleic acid sequences with high selectivity and good reproducibility at room temperature.
|
['DNA, Single-Stranded', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'HIV', 'Kinetics', 'Nanoparticles', 'Oligonucleotides', 'Polysaccharides', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Silver', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Static Electricity']
| 24,995,414
|
[['D13.444.308.497', 'G02.111.570.820.486.437', 'G05.360.580.437'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['J01.637.512.600'], ['D13.695.578.424'], ['D09.698'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['D01.268.556.812', 'D01.268.956.843', 'D01.552.544.812'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['G01.358.500.249.820']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of postdiagnosis weight change on hot flash status among early-stage breast cancer survivors.
|
PURPOSE: Hot flashes (HF) affect a large proportion of breast cancer (BC) survivors and can negatively affect their quality of life. Treatments other than estrogen replacement to alleviate HF are needed. Body weight is related to hot flashes, but little is known about the effect of weight change on HF.PATIENTS AND METHODS: We used data from 3,088 women previously treated for early-stage BC who were enrolled onto the Women's Healthy Eating and Living study to examine the association between weight change after a breast cancer diagnosis and the odds of reporting HF.RESULTS: Overall, 36.1% of participants reported moderate to severe HF at study entry. At 2 years postdiagnosis, 69.2% of women remained within 10%, 4.8% lost at least 10%, and 26.0% gained at least 10% of their prediagnosis weight. Those who gained at least 10% of their prediagnosis weight had a greater risk of reporting HF than women who remained weight stable in that same period (odds ratio [OR], 1.33; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.60; P = .003). Weight loss of at least 10% of prediagnosis weight was associated with a nonsignificant reduced risk (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.47 to 1.08; P = .118) of reporting HF. However, the trend of weight change (weight loss and weight gain) on HF was significant both when examined categorically (P = .03) and continuously (P < .001).CONCLUSION: Prevention of weight gain after a BC diagnosis-a modifiable behavior-may offer a viable intervention for relief of HF. Effects of intentional weight loss in BC survivors requires further study.
|
['Adult', 'Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Early Detection of Cancer', 'Estrogen Receptor Modulators', 'Female', 'Hot Flashes', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Odds Ratio', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Survivors', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome', 'United States', 'Weight Gain', 'Weight Loss']
| 22,430,275
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.248.169'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['E01.390.500'], ['D06.347.360', 'D27.505.696.399.450.360'], ['C23.888.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['M01.860'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['C23.888.144.243.926', 'G07.345.249.314.120.200.926'], ['C23.888.144.243.963', 'G07.345.249.314.120.200.963']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Terconazole for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis.
|
A double-blind, randomized trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of terconazole for vulvovaginal candidiasis. Treatment consisted of daily intravaginal application of one of the following regimens: 80-mg terconazole suppositories for 3 days, miconazole nitrate suppositories for 7 days or placebo suppositories for 7 days. The terconazole and miconazole nitrate groups had significantly higher therapeutic cure rates than did the placebo group. Evaluation of vaginal secretions with microscopic examination showed no evidence of leukocyte proliferation. Proline aminopeptidase activity, present in patients who have bacterial vaginosis, could not be detected in the vaginal secretions from patients with yeast vulvovaginitis.
|
['Administration, Intravaginal', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Antifungal Agents', 'Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Miconazole', 'Suppositories', 'Triazoles']
| 2,277,372
|
[['E02.319.267.120.500'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.136'], ['C01.150.703.160.190', 'C13.351.500.894.906.820.500', 'C13.351.500.944.902.737.500'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.383.129.308.550'], ['D26.255.785'], ['D03.383.129.799']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Visual Field Outcome Reporting in Neurosurgery: Lessons Learned from a Prospective, Multicenter Study of Transsphenoidal Pituitary Surgery.
|
OBJECTIVE: Visual field (VF) outcomes are commonly reported in neurosurgical case series; however, substantial variability can exist in VF testing and outcome reporting. We aimed to evaluate the challenges of VF testing and to develop detailed recommendations for VF outcome reporting by analyzing results from an ongoing, multicenter study of transsphenoidal pituitary surgery.METHODS: VF testing results were collected during a prospective, multicenter clinical trial evaluating patient outcomes after transsphenoidal surgery for nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (TRANSSPHER). Two independent ophthalmologists reviewed reliability and outcomes of all VF studies. Preoperative and postoperative VF studies were evaluated individually and as preoperative/postoperative pairs.RESULTS: Suboptimal perimetry field settings were reported in 37% of VF studies. Automated reliability criteria flagged 25%-29% of VF studies as unreliable, whereas evaluation by 2 independent ophthalmologists flagged 16%-28%. Agreement between automated criteria and raters for VF reliability was inconsistent (ê coefficients = 0.55-0.83), whereas agreement between the 2 raters was substantial to almost perfect (ê coefficients = 0.78-0.83). Most patients demonstrated improvement after surgery (rater 1, 67%; rater 2, 60%), with substantial rater agreement on outcomes for paired examinations (ê coefficient = 0.62).CONCLUSIONS: VF outcome studies demonstrated significant variability of test parameters and patient performance. Perimetry field settings varied among patients and for some patients varied preoperatively versus postoperatively. Reliance on automated criteria alone could not substitute for independent ophthalmologist review of test reliability. Standardized guidelines for VF data collection and reporting could increase reliability of results and allow better comparisons of outcomes in future studies.
|
['Adenoma', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neurosurgical Procedures', 'Pituitary Neoplasms', 'Prospective Studies', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sphenoid Bone', 'Vision Disorders', 'Visual Field Tests', 'Visual Fields']
| 30,144,606
|
[['C04.557.470.035'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.525'], ['C04.588.322.609', 'C04.588.614.250.195.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.211.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.617.477.600', 'C10.228.140.617.738.675', 'C10.551.240.250.700.500.500', 'C19.344.609', 'C19.700.734'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['A02.835.232.781.802'], ['C10.597.751.941', 'C11.966', 'C23.888.592.763.941'], ['E01.370.380.850.962'], ['F02.463.593.932.934', 'G14.950']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Accurate estimation of 5-methylcytosine in mammalian mitochondrial DNA.
|
Whilst 5-methylcytosine (5mC) is a major epigenetic mark in the nuclear DNA in mammals, whether or not mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) receives 5mC modification remains controversial. Herein, we exhaustively analysed mouse mtDNA using three methods that are based upon different principles for detecting 5mC. Next-generation bisulfite sequencing did not give any significant signatures of methylation in mtDNAs of liver, brain and embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Also, treatment with methylated cytosine-sensitive endonuclease McrBC resulted in no substantial decrease of mtDNA band intensities in Southern hybridisation. Furthermore, mass spectrometric nucleoside analyses of highly purified liver mtDNA preparations did not detect 5-methyldeoxycytidine at the levels found in the nuclear DNA but at a range of only 0.3-0.5% of deoxycytidine. Taken together, we propose that 5mC is not present at any specific region(s) of mtDNA and that levels of the methylated cytosine are fairly low, provided the modification occurs. It is thus unlikely that 5mC plays a universal role in mtDNA gene expression or mitochondrial metabolism.
|
['5-Methylcytosine', 'Animals', 'Brain Chemistry', 'Chemistry Techniques, Analytical', 'DNA, Mitochondrial', 'Embryonic Stem Cells', 'Liver', 'Mice', 'Molecular Biology']
| 29,643,477
|
[['D03.383.742.698.421.500'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.150', 'G03.185'], ['E05.196'], ['D13.444.308.283.225'], ['A11.872.700.250'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['H01.158.201.636', 'H01.158.273.343.595', 'H01.181.122.650']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Weighted least-squares approach for comparing correlated kappa.
|
In the medical sciences, studies are often designed to assess the agreement between different raters or different instruments. The kappa coefficient is a popular index of agreement for binary and categorical ratings. Here we focus on testing for the equality of two dependent kappa coefficients. We use the weighted least-squares (WLS) approach of Koch et al. (1977, Biometrics 33, 133-158) to take into account the correlation between the estimated kappa statistics. We demonstrate how the SAS PROC CATMOD can be used to test for the equality of dependent Cohen's kappa coefficients and dependent intraclass kappa coefficients with nominal categorical ratings. We also test for the equality of dependent Cohen's kappa and dependent weighted kappa with ordinal ratings. The major advantage of the WLS approach is that it allows the data analyst a way of testing dependent kappa with popular SAS software. The WLS approach can handle any number of categories. Analyses of three biomedical studies are used for illustration.
|
['Atrophy', 'Bias', 'Biometry', 'Eye Diseases', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Least-Squares Analysis', 'Observer Variation', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Uterine Cervical Diseases']
| 12,495,157
|
[['C23.300.070'], ['N05.715.350.150', 'N06.850.490.500'], ['E05.318.740.225', 'N06.850.505.200'], ['C11'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.750.400', 'N05.715.360.750.695.440', 'N06.850.520.830.750.400'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['C13.351.500.852.593']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The Acetylation of Lysine-376 of G3BP1 Regulates RNA Binding and Stress Granule Dynamics.
|
Stress granules (SGs) are ribonucleoprotein aggregates that form in response to stress conditions. The regulation of SG dynamics is not fully understood. Permanent pathological SG-like structures were reported in neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The Ras GTPase-activating protein-binding protein G3BP1 is a central regulator of SG dynamics. We found that the lysine 376 residue (K376) of G3BP1, which is in the RRM RNA binding domain, was acetylated. Consequently, G3BP1 RNA binding was impaired by K376 acetylation. In addition, the acetylation-mimicking mutation K376Q impaired the RNA-dependent interaction of G3BP1 with poly(A)-binding protein 1 (PABP1), but its RNA-independent interactions with caprin-1 and USP10 were little affected. The formation of G3BP1 SGs depended on G3BP1 RNA binding; thus, replacement of endogenous G3BP1 with the K376Q mutant or the RNA binding-deficient F380L/F382L mutant interfered with SG formation. Significant G3BP1 K376 acetylation was detected during SG resolution, and K376-acetylated G3BP1 was seen outside SGs. G3BP1 acetylation is regulated by histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) and CBP/p300. Our data suggest that the acetylation of G3BP1 facilitates the disassembly of SGs, offering a potential avenue to mitigate hyperactive stress responses under pathological conditions.
|
['Acetylation', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cytoplasmic Granules', 'DNA Helicases', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Histone Deacetylase 6', 'Humans', 'Lysine', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Proteins', 'RNA', 'RNA Helicases', 'RNA Recognition Motif Proteins', 'RNA-Binding Proteins', 'Ribonucleoproteins', 'Stress, Physiological', 'p300-CBP Transcription Factors']
| 31,481,451
|
[['G02.111.012.052', 'G02.607.063.052', 'G03.040.052'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.500', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.190'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.159', 'D08.811.399.340'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['D08.811.277.087.520.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.125.068.555', 'D12.125.095.647', 'D12.125.142.497'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['D12.776.157.687', 'D12.776.660.720'], ['D13.444.735'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.735.720'], ['D12.776.157.725.813', 'D12.776.664.962.813'], ['D12.776.157.725', 'D12.776.664.962'], ['D12.776.157.725.500', 'D12.776.664.962.500'], ['G07.775'], ['D08.811.913.050.134.415.500.575', 'D12.776.930.680']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Protein-tyrosine phosphatase PTPD1 regulates focal adhesion kinase autophosphorylation and cell migration.
|
PTPD1 is a cytosolic nonreceptor tyrosine phosphatase and a positive regulator of the Src-epidermal growth factor transduction pathway. We show that PTPD1 localizes along actin filaments and at adhesion plaques. PTPD1 forms a stable complex via distinct molecular modules with actin, Src tyrosine kinase, and focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a scaffold protein kinase enriched at adhesion plaques. Overexpression of PTPD1 promoted cell scattering and migration, short hairpin RNA-mediated silencing of endogenous PTPD1, or expression of PTPD1 mutants lacking either catalytic activity (PTPD1(C1108S)) or the FERM domain (PTPD1(Delta1-325)) significantly reduced cell motility. PTPD1 and Src catalytic activities were both required for epidermal growth factor-induced FAK autophosphorylation at its active site and for downstream propagation of ERK1/2 signaling. Our findings demonstrate that PTPD1 is a component of a multivalent scaffold complex nucleated by FAK at specific intracellular sites. By modulating Src-FAK signaling at adhesion sites, PTPD1 promotes the cytoskeleton events that induce cell adhesion and migration.
|
['Actins', 'Animals', 'Catalysis', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cytoskeleton', 'Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'Glutathione Transferase', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Models, Biological', 'NIH 3T3 Cells', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Non-Receptor', 'Signal Transduction']
| 18,223,254
|
[['D05.750.078.730.250', 'D12.776.210.500.100', 'D12.776.220.525.255'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.130'], ['G04.022'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.049', 'D12.644.360.287', 'D12.776.476.287'], ['D08.811.913.225.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E05.599.395'], ['A11.251.210.100.550', 'A11.329.228.100.550'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.775.300', 'D12.644.360.585', 'D12.776.476.564'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Cardiac rupture in acute myocardial infarction. Various clinico-anatomical types in 42 recent cases observed over a period of 30 months].
|
Forty two cases of complete or incomplete rupture of the free left ventricular wall were reviewed in a group of 136 patients who died of acute myocardial infarction in a Coronary Care Unit and who underwent autopsy examination over a 30 month period. Four groups were distinguished on macro and microscopic features of the rupture based on a previously defined classification established by former studies: type I rupture (13 cases) with an almost direct trajectory with little dissection and bloody infiltration of the myocardium; type II (13 cases) with a multicanalicular trajectory and widespread myocardial dissection and bloody infiltration; type III (9 cases) in which the orifice of rupture is protected by an intraventricular thrombus or a pericardial symphysis; type IV (7 cases) with incomplete epicardial, endocardial or intramyocardial rupture which never was transparietal. The clinical characteristics (age, sex, time interval before admission to the coronary care unit, previous history, ECG location of the myocardial infarcts, clinical course, Killip classification, treatment and ECG changes) and anatomical findings (weight of the heart, presence of haemopericardium, previous infarction or aneurysm, location of the infarct, presence of intraventricular thrombus or ventricular septal defect, number of vessels with over 75 p. 100 obstruction and topographical location of the rupture) were compared. The type I ruptures had smaller infarcts and a quicker terminal illness with rapid evolution to cardiac tamponade. In type II ruptures, the infarcts tended to be bigger, sometimes associated with septal rupture and the terminal illness was longer lasting than in the previous group, reflecting a longer evolution towards cardiac tamponade.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Aged', 'Autopsy', 'Female', 'Heart Rupture', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Infarction']
| 3,113,356
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.060', 'E05.070', 'I01.198.780.937.120'], ['C14.280.470'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
NaCl-tolerance of Campylobacter isolates from birds and Campylobacter type strains and variation of their serological behaviour.
|
Growth on media containing 1.5% NaCl is one of the criteria for phenotypical differentiation of Campylobacter laridis from other thermophilic Campylobacter spp. Campylobacter isolates from birds and Campylobacter type strains could be adapted to growth at 3% NaCl within 19 to 72 subsequent passages on nutrient agar with increasing salt contents. The acquisition of salt-tolerance was stable after ten passages on media without salt and did not induce changes in other phenotypical characteristics. The results of slide agglutination demonstrate changes in the antigenic pattern of the Campylobacter strains after growth in salt. Heat-labile and heat-stable antigens of the salt-tolerant variants of Campylobacter type strains differed from those of the parent strains.
|
['Animals', 'Antigenic Variation', 'Antigens, Bacterial', 'Bird Diseases', 'Birds', 'Campylobacter', 'Campylobacter Infections', 'Culture Media', 'Sodium Chloride', 'Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms']
| 8,237,194
|
[['B01.050'], ['G05.365.073', 'G12.500.249'], ['D23.050.161'], ['C22.131'], ['B01.050.150.900.248'], ['B03.440.180', 'B03.660.150.235.250.500'], ['C01.150.252.400.177'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650'], ['G06.320.676']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Body fat composition and weight changes after double-jaw osteotomy.
|
Nutritional problems might be observed after surgical procedures. In this study, body weight and fat composition changes have been investigated in dentofacial deformity patients after the double-jaw osteotomy procedure. Thirty Angle class 3 patients operated on with double-jaw osteotomies during the period of March 2006 to July 2008 were included in the study. Interocclusal splints were applied continuously in the first 2 weeks after surgery, whereas intermittent splint was used for the next 2 weeks. Patients were analyzed before surgery and on the first month after surgery with the help of Tanita Composition Analyzer 310 bioimpedance method for weight, fat mass, and fat-free mass values. Results were evaluated statistically with the paired-sample test using SPSS version 13.0. Although significant results were obtained in female patients before surgery (weight [P = 0.011], body mass index [BMI; P = 0.012], fat mass [P = 0.010], and fat-free mass [P = 0.051, not significant]), none of the values were significant for male patients (P = 0.747, P = 0.747, P = 0.645, and P = 0.803, respectively). Weight gain was observed in 9 patients (30%). In contrast, weight gain was not seen in underweight patients. No sex differences in terms of weight gain/loss and fat composition have been observed. Interocclusal splint in female patients operated on with double-jaw osteotomies might cause nutritional deficiency in the first month after surgery. This eventually causes fat and weight loss, which may lead to poor wound healing and recovery later.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Body Composition', 'Body Weight', 'Electric Impedance', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Malocclusion, Angle Class III', 'Nutrition Disorders', 'Occlusal Splints', 'Osteotomy', 'Risk Factors', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Wound Healing']
| 20,818,238
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G02.111.130', 'G03.180', 'G07.100.049'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['G01.358.500.249.277.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C07.793.494.650'], ['C18.654'], ['E07.858.442.743.829'], ['E04.555.580'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Lipid composition of milks from cows with experimentally induced mastitis.
|
Changes in milk lipid composition were measured during the course of mastitis infections induced in cows by infusion of either Escherichia coli endotoxin or Streptococcus agalactiae into 2 quarters of the udder; untreated quarters were used as controls. Experiments were divided into 3 distinct phases: a pre infusion period during which several samples were collected before infusion; a post infusion period following infusion and corresponding to the occurrence of elevated cell counts in milk from infused quarters; a recovery period followed after a short pause and represented the return of the cell count in milk from infused quarters to the level in the corresponding controls. Milk total fatty acid composition was unaffected by the infusion. Free fatty acid (FFA) composition did, however, undergo some alteration. There was a significant increase in long-chain saturated acids in milk from infused quarters relative to the corresponding controls during the post infusion period. FFA concentration (mequiv./100 g fat) also increased significantly during this period although the net increase was only slight. Phospholipid and cholesterol concentrations were significantly higher post infusion in milk of infused quarters. The results suggest that changes in concentration and composition of those milk constituents synthesized and secreted by the mammary epithelium occur after secretion in the alveolar lumen and milk ducts.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Cholesterol', 'Escherichia coli', 'Fatty Acids, Nonesterified', 'Female', 'Lactose', 'Lipid Metabolism', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Mastitis, Bovine', 'Milk', 'Phospholipids', 'Streptococcus agalactiae']
| 6,373,863
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D10.251.310'], ['D09.698.629.305.340', 'D09.947.750.340'], ['G03.458'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['C22.196.581'], ['A12.200.455', 'A12.790', 'G07.203.100.700', 'G07.203.300.350.525', 'J02.200.700', 'J02.500.350.525'], ['D10.570.755'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.100', 'B03.510.400.800.872.100', 'B03.510.550.737.872.100']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sartorius muscle flap for body wall reconstruction: Surgical technique description and retrospective case series.
|
The objectives of this study were to describe the sartorius muscle flap for body wall reconstruction, including description of the anatomy and surgical technique and to report its clinical application for abdominal wall reconstruction in dogs and cats. The descriptive report involves a retrospective case series for 2 dogs and 3 cats. Inclusion criteria were cats or dogs that had a tumor resection resulting in an abdominal wall defect that was reconstructed using an ipsilateral or contralateral sartorius muscle flap. Signalment, pre-operative clinical signs, location and tumor extent, diagnostic imaging and clinical pathology findings, surgical methods, and complications were recorded. Abdominal wall defect reconstructions using the sartorius muscle flap were successfully performed in all 5 patients with good return to function. All complications were minor and were successfully medically managed. This case series demonstrates that the sartorius muscle flap is a feasible option for the closure of large caudal abdominal wall defects.
|
['Abdominal Wall', 'Animals', 'Cat Diseases', 'Cats', 'Dog Diseases', 'Dogs', 'Female', 'Hindlimb', 'Male', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Neoplasms', 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Surgical Flaps']
| 30,410,175
|
[['A01.923.047.050'], ['B01.050'], ['C22.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['C22.268'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['A13.473'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['C04'], ['E04.680'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
First-event or marginal estimation of cause-specific hazards for analysing correlated multivariate failure-time data?
|
In the analysis of multivariate failure-time data, the effect of a treatment or an exposure on the hazard of each failure type is sometimes evaluated using only the information on the first event that occurs in every individual, ignoring all events that follow. A Cox proportional hazards model may be fitted to such data, yielding a cause-specific hazard ratio (HR) estimate of the exposure for each failure type conditional on surviving all other failure types. However, such an estimate would not fully utilize all the available information on event times. Alternatively, a marginal approach may be implemented to model the time distribution of each failure type beyond the subject's first failure to (any) second and later failures. We investigate the performance of these two approaches by simulating positive and negative correlated event times from exponential distributions. Surprisingly, our results suggest that the first-event-only method (when multiple failures are possible) performs as well as the marginal method in most practical situations. Generally, for a modest sample size of 400, it is possible to achieve at least 85 per cent coverage of the true marginal HR with the first-event method. Although the coverage is poor for a correlation of 0.7 and beyond, such a high correlation between competing event times may be biologically rather implausible.
|
['Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Europe', 'Humans', 'Likelihood Functions', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Osteosarcoma', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'Risk', 'Risk Assessment', 'Survival Analysis']
| 17,551,931
|
[['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['Z01.542'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.475', 'E05.318.740.600.400', 'E05.599.835.500', 'N05.715.360.750.530.450', 'N05.715.360.750.625.450', 'N06.850.520.830.500.475', 'N06.850.520.830.600.400'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['C04.557.450.565.575.650', 'C04.557.450.795.620'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Joint modeling of genetic association and population stratification using latent class models.
|
We show how latent class log-linear models can be used to test for an association between a candidate gene and a disease phenotype in a stratified population when the stratification is unobserved. The stratification may arise because of several ethnic groups or immigration and may lead to spurious associations between several loci and the disease. The information about the stratification is drawn from additional markers that are chosen to be independent of the disease and unlinked to the candidate gene and to each other within each population stratum. We use the EM algorithm to simultaneously estimate all the model parameters, including proportions of individuals in the latent population strata. The latent class model is used to test the phenotype association of single nucleotide polymorphism markers in four candidate regions in population-based case-control data selected from simulated Genetic Analysis Workshop (GAW) 12 population isolate 30. The analysis clearly demonstrates how the number of false positive associations can be reduced when the model accounts for population stratification.
|
['Case-Control Studies', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Genetics, Population', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Linear Models', 'Models, Genetic', 'Phenotype', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide']
| 11,793,709
|
[['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['H01.158.273.343.335'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['G05.695'], ['G05.365.795.598']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Italian translation, cultural adaptation and validation of KDQOL-SF, version 1.3, in patients with severe renal failure.
|
BACKGROUND: This study aims to confirm the reliability and validity of the KDQOL-SF in its Italian version. Cultural adaptation of such an instrument to assess quality of life of patients with chronic kidney disease is a major challenge.METHODS: The instrument was translated according to the translation algorithm. A trained psychologist administered the KDQOL-SF to 188 patients.RESULTS: Completeness was optimal. Item internal consistency was satisfied for 74.5% and 87.5% of patients for the kidney and generic part, respectively. Discriminant validity was satisfied for 96.3% and 98.6% of patients. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was >70% in 70% and 75% of patients. While assessing the responsiveness (external discriminating validity) of KDQOL-SF, we found lower scores (worse functioning and well-being) in females, patients aged 65 years or older, with low hemoglobin, hematocrit and high Kt/V, and in patients with a diagnosis of amyloidosis. Moreover, the score for physical health was lower in the absence of dialytic treatment and with a longer history of dialysis. The score for mental health was lower for lower creatinine levels and for a shorter dialytic history. The disease targeted score was lower in the absence of dialytic treatment, and the score for patient satisfaction was lower in the presence of dialytic treatment and for a longer dialytic history.CONCLUSIONS: The Italian translation of KDQOL-SF sounds natural, is easy to understand and reduces possible cultural biases to a minimum. A field test gave results comparable to other international validations, supporting the use of KDQOL-SF in cross-national surveys (for the Pavia Working Group on QoL in Organ Transplant).
|
['Acculturation', 'Adult', 'Algorithms', 'Female', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Italy', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Language', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Psychometrics', 'Quality of Life', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Severity of Illness Index']
| 17,347,972
|
[['I01.076.201.450.050', 'I01.880.853.100.079'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['F01.145.209.399', 'L01.559'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['F04.711.780'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Travelers attending an international vaccine center. Is the risk for the pediatric traveler increasing?].
|
INTRODUCTION: There is a perception that the number of pediatric travelers is increasing, mainly due to the so-called visiting friends and relatives (VFRs) group. Both the demographic and trips characteristics in this group may lead to an increased risk and a greater complexity in vaccinations and other preventive recommendations.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the outcomes of different groups of pediatric travelers. To describe the demographic and travel characteristics within the pediatric population, and to analyze whether the VFRs differ from non-VFRs with regards to the factors that may contribute to a greater risk.METHODOLOGY: A cross sectional descriptive study of the characteristics of pediatric travelers treated in the International Pre-travel Consultation Unit of the University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, from July 2002 to January 2009.RESULTS: Of the 692 children analyzed, with a mean age of 8 years (SD 5.4), an increase in the overall number of travelers was identified, along with an initial increase in the number of VFR children in the early years of the study, although later on, the numbers of this group stabilized. The mean age of the VFR travelers was also found to be lower. A lack of planning prior to the start of the travel was also noted in the VFRs group, as well as longer trip durations. A routine vaccine was administered to 29.2% of children, and malaria prophylaxis was recommended for 52% of travelers.CONCLUSION: Despite the progressive increase in international travel and the initial increase in VFR travelers, the percentage of this group has remained stable in recent years. However, the perception of a low risk among the immigrant population suggests the need to encourage an adequate pre-travel consultation within this group.
|
['Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Family', 'Friends', 'Humans', 'Internationality', 'Risk Assessment', 'Time Factors', 'Travel', 'Vaccination']
| 23,402,777
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['M01.252'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.615'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['G01.910.857'], ['I03.883'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
BRCA1/2 genetic testing in the community setting.
|
PURPOSE: BRCA1/2 genetic testing has been commercially available in the United States since 1996. Most published reports described BRCA1/2 testing as research studies at large academic centers, but less is known about testing in the community. This study evaluates the process and early outcomes of BRCA1/2 genetic testing as a clinical service in the community setting.METHODS: Surveys were mailed to women in the United States whose health care providers ordered BRCA1/2 genetic testing from Myriad Genetic Laboratories from August 1998 through July 2000. Women tested at 149 large academic centers were excluded. Main outcome measures were demographic characteristics, recall of and satisfaction with the genetic testing process, and likelihood of pursuing cancer prevention strategies.RESULTS: Among the 646 respondents, 414 (64%) had a personal history of cancer and 505 (78%) had at least one first-degree relative with breast and/or ovarian cancer. Most subjects (82%) recalled discussions of informed consent before testing (median time, 30 minutes). Genetic results were conveyed during an office visit (57%), by telephone (39%), or by mail (3%). More than 75% of respondents were "very satisfied with the counseling received." Cancer-free subjects with a germline mutation were more likely to consider prevention strategies after receiving the genetic results.CONCLUSION: Virtually all respondents had a personal and/or family history of breast/ovarian cancer. Although pretest and posttest communications were not standardized, overall satisfaction with clinical breast cancer genetic testing was high. Additional follow-up will provide data on future cancer prevention practices and cancer incidence.
|
['Adult', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Counseling', 'Female', 'Genes, BRCA1', 'Genes, BRCA2', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Genetic Testing', 'Germ-Line Mutation', 'Humans', 'Medical History Taking', 'Middle Aged', 'Risk Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'United States']
| 12,431,973
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['F02.784.176', 'F04.408.413', 'N02.421.143.303', 'N02.421.461.363'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.249.100', 'G05.360.340.024.340.415.400.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.249.105', 'G05.360.340.024.340.415.400.105'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['E01.370.225.562', 'E05.200.562', 'E05.393.435', 'N02.421.308.430', 'N02.421.726.233.221'], ['G05.365.590.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.510'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Effect of methamphetamine on the pharmacokinetics of dextromethorphan and midazolam in rats.
|
Methamphetamine is the fourth most frequently reported compound associated with drug abuse on admission of patients to treatment centres after cocaine, heroin and marijuana. It is metabolized in the organism with a reaction that is catalyzed by cytochrome P450, mainly by the CYP2D and CYP3A subfamily, 4-hydroxyamphetamine and amphetamine being dominant metabolites. The present pharmacokinetic study was undertaken to investigate the possible influence of methamphetamine (10 mg/kg, i.p., once daily for six days) on the pharmacokinetics of dextromethorphane as a model substrate for rat cytochrome P-4502D2 and midazolam as a model substrate for CYP3A1/2. Animals received a single injection of dextromethorphane (10 mg/kg) or midazolam (5 mg/kg) in the tail vein 24 h after the last dose of methamphetamine or administration of placebo. The results of pharmacokinetic analysis showed a significantly increased rate of dextrorphane and 3-hydroxymorphinan formation, and a marked stimulatory effect of methamphetamine on CYP2D2 metabolic activity. Similarly, the kinetics of midazolam's metabolic conversion to hydroxy derivates of midazolam indicated a significant increase in CYP3A1/2 activity. The results showed that the administration of methamphetamine significantly stimulated the metabolic activity of CYP2D2 as well as that of CYP3A1/2. With regard to the high level of homology between human and rat CYP isoforms studied, the results may have a clinical impact on future pharmacotherapy for methamphetamine abuse.
|
['Alcohol Oxidoreductases', 'Animals', 'Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases', 'Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A', 'Cytochrome P450 Family 2', 'Dextromethorphan', 'Drug Interactions', 'Male', 'Methamphetamine', 'Midazolam', 'Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar']
| 16,250,257
|
[['D08.811.682.047'], ['B01.050'], ['D08.244.453.005', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.010', 'D12.776.422.220.453.010'], ['D08.244.453.860.500', 'D08.811.682.662.582.353', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.495.500', 'D12.776.422.220.453.860.500'], ['D08.244.453.491', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.450', 'D12.776.422.220.453.491'], ['D03.132.577.249.200', 'D03.605.497.212', 'D03.633.400.686.212', 'D04.615.723.795.200'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['D02.092.471.683.152.619'], ['D03.633.100.079.080.575'], ['D08.811.682.662.582'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
MR imaging of pulmonary parenchyma: comparison with CT in evaluating cadaveric lung specimens.
|
Magnetic resonance (MR) images (0.5 and 1.5 T) and thin section CT scans were obtained in 17 cadaveric lungs (11 fixed, 6 both pre and post fixation). Standard T1-weighted spin echo (SE) sequences were used for all lungs. In six lungs, additional gradient-refocused echo (GRE) sequences were also obtained. The MR images and CT scans were compared to corresponding gross and microscopic pathologic sections. In all cases, MR SE sequences proved comparable to CT for delineation of normal anatomic structures as well as a range of pathologic conditions, including both air space and interstitial disease. Although image quality was markedly degraded on GRE compared to SE images, they did permit visualization of pulmonary vasculature and focal pathology.
|
['Cadaver', 'Humans', 'Lung', 'Lung Diseases', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 2,370,359
|
[['C23.550.260.224'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A04.411'], ['C08.381'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Delirium motor subtypes in elderly hip fracture patients: risk factors, outcomes and longitudinal stability.
|
OBJECTIVE: Delirium is often accompanied by changes in motor activity but the longitudinal expression of these features and etiological and prognostic significance of clinical subtypes defined by motor activity is unclear.METHODS: This is a prospective cohort study of elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. Baseline characteristics were assessed preoperatively. During hospital admission presence of delirium was assessed daily according to CAM criteria. This study compared baseline characteristics and outcomes according to a longitudinal pattern of motor subtype expression (predominantly hyperactive, predominantly hypoactive, predominantly mixed, no motor subtype and variable). Motor subtype categorization was performed with the DRS-R98. We also investigated the longitudinal stability of motor subtypes across the delirium episode.RESULTS: 62 patients had experienced in-hospital delirium postoperatively. The full course of the delirium episode could be defined for 42/62 (67.7%) patients. Of the patients with multiple days of delirium only 4/30 (13.3%) patients had a consistent motor subtype profile throughout the delirium episode, while 26/30 (86.7%) patients had a variable course. Of the patients with multiple days of delirium, 5/30 (16.7%) were predominantly hypoactive in profile, 7/30 (23.3%) predominantly hyperactive, 6/30 (20%) predominantly mixed, 1/30 (3.3%) had no motor subtype and 11/30 (36.7%) had a variable profile. Baseline characteristics and outcomes did not differ between the groups.CONCLUSION: The majority of elderly hip fracture patients in this homogenous sample experienced variable expression of motor subtype over the course of their delirium episodes. The subtype categorization according to dominant motor subtype across the delirium episode identified groups with similar characteristics and outcomes.
|
['APACHE', 'Activities of Daily Living', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cohort Studies', 'Delirium', 'Female', 'Hip Fractures', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Mental Status Schedule', 'Motor Activity', 'Netherlands', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prognosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors']
| 23,597,334
|
[['E05.318.308.980.438.475.365', 'E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500.250', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500.250', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500.250'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['C10.597.606.337.500', 'C23.888.592.604.339.500', 'F01.700.250.500', 'F03.615.350'], ['C26.404.061.425', 'C26.531.750', 'C26.558.276.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['F04.711.513.603.500', 'F04.711.513.653.574'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['Z01.542.651'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Efficacy and safety of tacrolimus in induction therapy of patients with lupus nephritis.
|
Background: The purpose of this study was to detect the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus (TAC) in induction therapy of patients with lupus nephritis.Methods: Associated studies were extracted from the PubMed and the Cochrane Library on July 10, 2018, and applicable investigations were pooled and analyzed by meta-analysis. Data on complete remission (CR), total remission (TR; complete plus partial remission), proteinuria levels, urine erythrocyte number, albumin, glomerular filtration rate, negative rate of ds-DNA, C3 levels, C4 levels, systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLE-DAI), etc, were extracted and pooled using RevMan 5.3.Results: In the therapeutic regimen of TAC + glucocorticoids (GC) vs cyclophosphamide (CYC) + GC, the results indicated that the TAC group had high values of CR, TR, albumin, and negative rate of ds-DNA, and low values of proteinuria levels and SLE-DAI when compared with those in CYC group (all P<0.05). In the therapeutic regimen comprising TAC + GC vs mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) + GC, the results indicated that the difference of CR, TR, proteinuria levels, and albumin between TAC group and MMF group were not significant (all P>0.05). In the therapeutic regimen comprising TAC + MMF + GC vs CYC + GC, multitarget therapy group showed higher values of CR, TR, urinary protein decline, and rise of serum albumin when compared with CYC group (all P<0.05).Conclusion: TAC is an effective and safe agent in induction therapy of patients with lupus nephritis.
|
['Humans', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Lupus Nephritis', 'Tacrolimus']
| 30,880,918
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['C12.777.419.570.363.680', 'C13.351.968.419.570.363.680', 'C17.300.480.680', 'C20.111.590.560'], ['D02.540.505.810']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Hypogastric artery ligation. Safety and efficacy of a training program].
|
Bilateral hypogastric artery ligation is a technique described in the antiquity to restrain the hemorrhage in the gynecological and obstetric surgery. There are few Gineco-obstetricians that dominate the technique, for what intended a training program, in which was to demonstrate their security and effectiveness. We carry out a program where were qualified 14 gineco-obstetricians, theoretical and surgically. Results were analyzed finding an acceptable security with 1.5% of complications and an effectiveness demonstrated when having to the program 92.9% of students that reached the competition. We intend to reply the course in other hospital units, in order to decrease the maternal mortality for hemorrhage obstetric or gynecological.
|
['Clinical Competence', 'Female', 'Gynecology', 'Humans', 'Iliac Artery', 'Ligation', 'Obstetrics', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 11,824,103
|
[['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['H02.403.763.750', 'H02.403.810.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A07.015.114.444'], ['E04.426'], ['H02.403.810.450'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Temporal shifts and temperature sensitivity of avian spring migratory phenology: a phylogenetic meta-analysis.
|
There are wide reports of advances in the timing of spring migration of birds over time and in relation to rising temperatures, though phenological responses vary substantially within and among species. An understanding of the ecological, life-history and geographic variables that predict this intra- and interspecific variation can guide our projections of how populations and species are likely to respond to future climate change. Here, we conduct phylogenetic meta-analyses addressing slope estimates of the timing of avian spring migration regressed on (i) year and (ii) temperature, representing a total of 413 species across five continents. We take into account slope estimation error and examine phylogenetic, ecological and geographic predictors of intra- and interspecific variation. We confirm earlier findings that on average birds have significantly advanced their spring migration time by 2·1 days per decade and 1·2 days °C-1 . We find that over time and in response to warmer spring conditions, short-distance migrants have advanced spring migratory phenology by more than long-distance migrants. We also find that larger bodied species show greater advance over time compared to smaller bodied species. Our results did not reveal any evidence that interspecific variation in migration response is predictable on the basis of species' habitat or diet. We detected a substantial phylogenetic signal in migration time in response to both year and temperature, suggesting that some of the shifts in migratory phenological response to climate are predictable on the basis of phylogeny. However, we estimate high levels of species and spatial variance relative to phylogenetic variance, which is consistent with plasticity in response to climate evolving fairly rapidly and being more influenced by adaptation to current local climate than by common descent. On average, avian spring migration times have advanced over time and as spring has become warmer. While we are able to identify predictors that explain some of the true among-species variation in response, substantial intra- and interspecific variation in migratory response remains to be explained.
|
['Animal Migration', 'Animals', 'Birds', 'Climate Change', 'Phylogeny', 'Seasons', 'Temperature']
| 27,859,281
|
[['F01.145.113.069.500'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.248'], ['G16.500.175.374'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Safety Outcomes of Atorvastatin 80 mg Versus Atorvastatin 40 mg in a Veteran Population.
|
Background: High-intensity atorvastatin dosing may lead to a greater incidence of adverse events, subsequently leading to discontinuation and suboptimal risk reduction for major adverse cardiovascular events. No previous studies exist investigating the safety of high-intensity atorvastatin therapy among a veteran population. Objective: To evaluate the safety profile of high-intensity atorvastatin in the veteran population. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study conducted on patients newly prescribed atorvastatin 80 or 40 mg daily at the Memphis Veterans Affairs Medical Center. The primary outcome was incidence of adverse drug events. Secondary outcomes include incidence of high-intensity atorvastatin discontinuation and change of lipid panel values. Results: A total of 205 veterans were analyzed among atorvastatin 80 mg daily (n = 103) and atorvastatin 40 mg daily (n = 102) groups. Of 40 adverse events reported, 23 events occurred with atorvastatin 80 mg and 17 events with atorvastatin 40 mg (P = 0.31). Myalgia (11% vs 7%; P = 0.33) and weakness (12% vs 9%; P = 0.51) were commonly reported events among both cohorts. Rates of discontinuation of high-intensity atorvastatin therapy were similar between cohorts (26% vs 15%; P = 0.45). No statistically significant differences in lipid profile reductions were found. Conclusion and Relevance: Atorvastatin 80 mg daily was well tolerated with similar incidence of discontinuation and reduction of lipid panel values compared with atorvastatin 40 mg daily in a veteran population. This study provides a direct comparison of safety outcomes for high-intensity atorvastatin doses among veterans to highlight the importance of clinician-patient discussion on statin-related adverse effects compared with desired efficacy when considering initiation of therapy.
|
['Aged', 'Atorvastatin', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors', 'Incidence', 'Lipids', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscle Weakness', 'Myalgia', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Veterans']
| 31,544,472
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D03.383.129.578.075', 'D10.251.450.200'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.519.186.071.202.370', 'D27.505.519.389.370', 'D27.505.954.557.500.202.370'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['D10'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.651.515', 'C10.597.613.593', 'C23.550.695', 'C23.888.592.608.593'], ['C05.651.542', 'C10.668.491.525', 'C23.888.592.612.547.249', 'F02.830.816.353.500', 'G11.561.790.353.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['M01.930']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Increased incidence of alcohol-related deaths from accidents and violence in subjects with ankylosing spondylitis.
|
Subjects with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) have an increased incidence of deaths from accidents and violence, which is due in part, but perhaps not entirely, to the vulnerability of the affected spine to fractures. The present study covered all the 71 subjects (58 men and 13 women) who had died in Finland in 1989 and who were entitled under the nationwide sickness insurance scheme to receive specially reimbursed medication for AS. The death certificates of an earlier cohort study dealing with mortality in AS were also re-examined. Sixteen subjects (14 men and two women) in the 1989 mortality series had died of accidents and violence. Nine of the deaths (three accidents, two suicides and four alcohol poisonings) were alcohol related. The relative risk of such deaths in subjects with AS compared to the Finnish population as a whole was 2.64 (95% confidence interval 1.44-4.84). In the cohort study, 16 deaths had been due to accidents and violence, the expected number being 11.4. Eight of the 16 deaths had been alcohol related. Uncontrolled use of alcohol is an important determinant in the surplus of deaths from accidents and violence in Finnish patients with AS.
|
['Accidents', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Cause of Death', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Finland', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Registries', 'Spondylitis, Ankylosing', 'Violence']
| 9,667,625
|
[['N06.850.135'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.250', 'N01.224.935.698.100', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.250', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['Z01.542.816.186'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['C05.116.900.853.625.800.850', 'C05.550.069.680', 'C05.550.114.865.800.850'], ['I01.198.240.856', 'I01.880.735.900']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Ease of use of tobramycin inhalation powder compared with nebulized tobramycin and colistimethate sodium: a crossover study in cystic fibrosis patients with pulmonary Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.
|
BACKGROUND: This study assessed the ease of use of tobramycin inhalation powder (TIP) administered via T-326 inhaler versus tobramycin inhalation solution (TIS) and colistimethate sodium (COLI), both administered via nebulizers, for the treatment of chronic pulmonary Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF).METHODS: A real-world, open-label, crossover, interventional phase IV study was conducted in CF patients aged ?6 years with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) ?25% to ?90% predicted. Patients were assigned to one of the three treatment arms in Cycle 1; all patients received TIP in Cycle 2. Each cycle consisted of 28 days on and 28 days off the treatment.RESULTS: A total of 60 patients [mean (standard deviation) age, 27.6 (8.4) years] were allocated to three treatment arms [TIS/TIP ( n = 14); COLI/TIP ( n = 28); TIP/TIP ( n = 18)] in Cycle 1. The mean total administration time, which included device setup and cleaning, in Cycle 1 versus Cycle 2 for TIS/TIP, COLI/TIP, and TIP/TIP arms were 37.0 versus 5.0 min, 16.4 versus 3.8 min, and 4.2 versus 3.4 min, respectively. The difference in mean total administration time was significantly shorter in Cycle 2 than in Cycle 1 for TIS/TIP ( p = 0.0112) and COLI/TIP ( p = 0.0016) arms. Overall, 12 patients were found to have contaminated devices across the two treatment cycles. In the TIP/TIP arm, no contamination of the T-326 inhaler was observed in either cycle. Treatment satisfaction, assessed by the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication and ACCEPT® questionnaire, was better overall for TIP compared with TIS and COLI. There were no unexpected adverse events and most were mild or moderate in intensity.CONCLUSION: The T-326 inhaler used to deliver TIP was easy to use, required shorter total administration time, and was much less frequently contaminated than the nebulizers. The safety findings observed for TIP were generally consistent with its established safety profile.
|
['Administration, Inhalation', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Child', 'Colistin', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Cystic Fibrosis', 'Equipment Contamination', 'Equipment Design', 'Europe', 'Female', 'Forced Expiratory Volume', 'Humans', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Nebulizers and Vaporizers', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Powders', 'Pseudomonas Infections', 'Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'Respiratory Tract Infections', 'Time Factors', 'Tobramycin', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 28,614,995
|
[['E02.319.267.050'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['M01.060.406'], ['D04.345.566.780.110', 'D10.477.750.110', 'D12.644.050.600.110', 'D12.644.641.780.110', 'D12.776.543.695.054.600.110'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['C06.689.202', 'C08.381.187', 'C16.320.190', 'C16.614.213'], ['N06.850.540'], ['E05.320'], ['Z01.542'], ['E01.370.386.700.660.230', 'G09.772.650.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A04.411'], ['E07.605'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['D26.255.779'], ['C01.150.252.400.739'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.100', 'B03.660.250.580.590.050'], ['C01.748', 'C08.730'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D09.408.051.476.600.800'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Cytoskeleton of human mononuclear cells as a possible peripheral marker for phenylalanine neurotoxicity in PKU.
|
In this work we tested human mononuclear cells as a peripheral marker to study neurotoxicity of phenylalanine (Phe). Slices of cerebral cortex of rats or human mononuclear cells were incubated with different concentrations of Phe and/or Ala in the presence of 32P-orthophosphate, the cytoskeletal fraction was extracted, and the radioactivity incorporated into intermediate filament proteins was measured. Our results show that 2 mM Phe as well as 1 mM Ala are effective in increasing the 32P in vitro incorporation into IFs in both tissues. When cerebral cortex slices or mononuclear cells were incubated with different concentrations of Phe and/or Ala, the effects on the 32P in vitro incorporation into IF proteins was compatible with an antagonistic mechanism of action of the two amino acids on the enzymes of the phosphorylating system. In addition, these blood cells may be a possible peripheral marker to study neurotoxicity of Phe in patients with PKU.
|
['Animals', 'Biomarkers', 'Cytoskeleton', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Humans', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Monocytes', 'Phenylalanine', 'Phenylketonurias', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar']
| 12,515,306
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.101'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['D12.125.072.050.685', 'D12.125.142.666'], ['C10.228.140.163.100.687', 'C16.320.565.100.766', 'C16.320.565.189.687', 'C18.452.132.100.687', 'C18.452.648.100.766', 'C18.452.648.189.687'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Endobronchial polyp derived from a myxosarcoma in the lung of a dog.
|
An endobronchial polyp was visible radiographically and bronchoscopically in an 11-year-old, mixed-breed dog with a persistent cough. The polyp was removed by traction. Initial histological examination suggested it was a myxomatous fibroma. The cough resolved but recurred with polyp regrowth. Two additional lung masses became visible radiographically. The polyp was removed twice more at 6-month intervals. Euthanasia was performed 15 months after first presentation when coughing recurred soon after the final bronchoscopy. Histological examination revealed that the mass was a myxomatous sarcoma. The lung contained two other unrelated tumors: a bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and a carcinoma of unknown origin.
|
['Animals', 'Bronchoscopy', 'Dog Diseases', 'Dogs', 'Fatal Outcome', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Myxosarcoma', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Polyps', 'Pulmonary Surgical Procedures', 'Radiography']
| 18,981,198
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.386.105', 'E01.370.388.250.100', 'E04.502.250.100', 'E04.928.600.080'], ['C22.268'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.325', 'N01.224.935.698.201', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.325', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.325'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['C04.557.450.565.560', 'C04.557.450.795.560'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['C23.300.825'], ['E04.928.600'], ['E01.370.350.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
An auxin maximum in the middle layer controls stamen development and pollen maturation in Arabidopsis.
|
Here, we investigated the role of auxin distribution in controlling Arabidopsis thaliana late stamen development. We analysed auxin distribution in anthers by monitoring DR5 activity: at different flower developmental stages; inhibiting auxin transport; in the rpk2-3 and ems1 mutants devoid of middle layer (ML) or tapetum, respectively; and in the auxin biosynthesis yuc6 and perception afb1-3 mutants. We ran a phenotypic, DR5::GUS and gene expression analysis of yuc6rpk2 and afb1rpk2 double mutants, and of 1-N-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA)-treated flower buds. We show that an auxin maximum, caused by transport from the tapetum, is established in the ML at the inception of late stamen development. rpk2-3 mutant stamens lacking the ML have an altered auxin distribution with excessive accumulation in adjacent tissues, causing non-functional pollen grains, indehiscent anthers and reduced filament length; the expression of genes controlling stamen development is also altered in rpk2-3 as well as in NPA-treated flower buds. By decreasing auxin biosynthesis or perception in the rpk2-3 background, we eliminated these developmental and gene expression anomalies. We propose that the auxin maximum in the ML plays a key role in late stamen development, as it ensures correct and coordinated pollen maturation, anther dehiscence and filament elongation.
|
['Arabidopsis', 'Arabidopsis Proteins', 'Biological Transport', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Genes, Plant', 'Genes, Reporter', 'Indoleacetic Acids', 'Models, Biological', 'Organ Specificity', 'Pollen', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Transcription Factors']
| 27,659,765
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.100'], ['D12.776.765.149'], ['G03.143'], ['G05.308.375'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.393', 'G05.360.340.365.500'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['D03.066.288', 'D03.633.100.473.404'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G07.650'], ['A18.024.249.500.249.500'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.930']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
General practitioner knowledge of prohibited substances in sport.
|
OBJECTIVES: To assess general practitioner knowledge of banned substances in sport.METHODS: Postal questionnaire sent to all general practitioners in West Sussex.RESULTS: Only 55 (35%) of those who responded (157 in total) were aware that guidelines are to be found in the British National Formulary, and 19 (12%) of respondents believed that medical practitioners are allowed to prescribe anabolic steroids for non-medical reasons.CONCLUSIONS: General practitioner knowledge of which substances are prohibited in sports is poor. There is a lack of awareness of Sports Council guidelines which are to be found in the British National Formulary. Tackling drug abuse in sport requires education of both athletes and doctors.
|
['Doping in Sports', 'Family Practice', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'United Kingdom']
| 9,192,126
|
[['I01.880.735.265'], ['H02.403.340.500'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N04.761.700.350.650', 'N05.700.350.650'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.542.363']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Genome-wide analysis of copy number variations reveals that aging processes influence body fat distribution in Korea Associated Resource (KARE) cohorts.
|
Many anthropometric measures, including body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and subcutaneous fat thickness, are used as indicators of nutritional status, fertility and predictors of future health outcomes. While BMI is currently the best available estimate of body adiposity, WHR and skinfold thickness at various sites (biceps, triceps, suprailiac, and subscapular) are used as indices of body fat distribution. Copy number variation (CNV) is an attractive emerging approach to the study of associations with various diseases. In this study, we investigated the dosage effect of genes in the CNV genome widely associated with fat distribution phenotypes in large cohorts. We used the Affymetrix genome-wide human SNP Array 5.0 data of 8,842 healthy unrelated adults in KARE cohorts and identified CNVs associated with BMI and fat distribution-related traits including WHR and subcutaneous skinfold thickness at suprailiac (SUP) and subscapular (SUB) sites. CNV segmentation of each chromosome was performed using Golden Helix SVS 7.0, and single regression analysis was used to identify CNVs associated with each phenotype. We found one CNV for BMI, 287 for WHR, 2,157 for SUP, and 2,102 for SUB at the 5% significance level after Holm-Bonferroni correction. Genes included in the CNV were used for the analysis of functional annotations using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID v6.7b) tool. Functional gene classification analysis identified five significant gene clusters (metallothionein, ATP-binding proteins, ribosomal proteins, kinesin family members, and zinc finger proteins) for SUP, three (keratin-associated proteins, zinc finger proteins, keratins) for SUB, and one (protamines) for WHR. BMI was excluded from this analysis because the entire structure of no gene was identified in the CNV. Based on the analysis of genes enriched in the clusters, the fat distribution traits of KARE cohorts were related to the fat redistribution associated with the aging process. In addition to structural variation, dosage effect analysis of genes based on CNV is useful to gain an understanding of the comprehensive biological phenomena underlying particular phenotypes and/or diseases.
|
['Adiposity', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aging', 'Body Fat Distribution', 'Body Mass Index', 'DNA Copy Number Variations', 'Female', 'Genome, Human', 'Genome-Wide Association Study', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Phenotype', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Republic of Korea', 'Skinfold Thickness', 'Waist-Hip Ratio']
| 22,825,314
|
[['E01.370.600.115.100.062.500', 'G02.111.130.134.500', 'G03.180.134.500', 'G07.100.049.134.500'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G07.345.124'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.062', 'G02.111.130.134', 'G03.180.134', 'G07.100.049.134'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['G05.365.795.297.500'], ['G05.360.340.350'], ['E05.318.370.392', 'E05.318.416.249', 'E05.393.385.500', 'E05.393.522.500', 'E05.393.760.640.500', 'N06.850.520.445.392', 'N06.850.520.470.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['G05.695'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['Z01.252.474.557.750'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.803', 'E05.041.124.803', 'G07.100.100.803'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.960', 'E05.041.124.946', 'G07.100.100.960']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Foot reconstruction using vascularised fibula.
|
Vascularised fibula has been used to treat three patients with skin-bone defects of the foot following severe trauma. Similarity between fibula and metatarsal bone is obvious and makes fibula an ideal choice in the replacement of defects in the first metatarsal. Depending on the size of soft tissue defects, different combinations of fibula-skin transfer were used.
|
['Adolescent', 'Bone Wires', 'Child', 'Fibula', 'Foot Injuries', 'Humans', 'Leg Injuries', 'Male', 'Metatarsal Bones', 'Skin Transplantation', 'Surgical Flaps']
| 8,101,124
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E07.695.370.468', 'E07.858.442.660.460.468', 'E07.858.690.725.460.468'], ['M01.060.406'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.321'], ['C26.558.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C26.558'], ['A02.835.232.043.300.492'], ['E02.095.147.725.700', 'E04.680.275.850', 'E04.936.580.700'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Life-Space Predicts Health Care Utilization in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.
|
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether decline in life-space mobility predicts increased health care utilization among community-dwelling older adults.METHOD: Health care utilization (number of emergency department [ED] visits and hospitalizations) was self-reported during monthly interviews among 419 community-dwelling African American and non-Hispanic White adults aged 75 years and older in The University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Study of Aging II. Life-space was measured using the UAB Life-Space Assessment. Generalized estimating equations were used to examine associations of life-space at the beginning of each interval with health care utilization over the 1-month interval.RESULTS: Overall, 400 participants were followed for 36 months. A 10-point decrease in life-space was associated with 14% increased odds of an ED visit and/or hospitalization over the next month, adjusting for demographics, transportation difficulty, comorbidity, and having a doctor visit in the last month.DISCUSSION: Life-space is a practical alternative in predicting future health care utilization to performance-based measures, which can be difficult to incorporate into clinical or public health practice.
|
['African Americans', 'Aged', 'Comorbidity', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Female', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Independent Living', 'Male', 'Mobility Limitation', 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care', 'Residence Characteristics', 'Self Report', 'United States']
| 29,254,407
|
[['M01.686.508.100.100', 'M01.686.754.100'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I03.050.500', 'N01.224.791.550', 'N06.850.505.400.800.550'], ['C23.888.550'], ['F01.100.150.750.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500'], ['N01.224.791', 'N06.850.505.400.800'], ['E05.318.308.980.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.500'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Single-incision laparoscopic hepatectomy for benign and malignant hepatopathy: initial experience in 8 Chinese patients.
|
BACKGROUND: The single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) technique has been used in many surgical procedures, but there are few reports regarding liver surgeries. The purpose of this study was to perform single-incision laparoscopic hepatectomy (SILH) using standard laparoscopic instrumentation in 8 Chinese patients. The advantages and prospective future applications of SILH are also described.METHODS: Selected patients were hospitalized between December 2009 and November 2011. The procedure was accomplished through a 2.5-cm transabdominal wall incision using a laparoscope and 2 other instruments without the assistance of any articulating instruments or single multiport trocar.RESULTS: All procedures were successfully performed without the need for supplemental trocars. Postoperative pathological examinations were supportive of the preoperative diagnoses. No complications such as perioperative hemorrhage or infections occurred.CONCLUSION: SILH appears to be a safe approach and the results are cosmetically favorable. The accumulation of SILH experience and the development of instrumentation are needed for extensive use of this technique in hepatectomies.
|
['Abdomen', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'China', 'Female', 'Hepatectomy', 'Humans', 'Laparoscopy', 'Liver Diseases', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Care', 'Radiography, Abdominal', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 22,474,017
|
[['A01.923.047'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['E04.210.556'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['C06.552'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.731.700', 'E04.604.500', 'N02.421.585.722.700'], ['E01.370.350.700.715'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Risk factors and prognostics of nosocomial infectionof surgical wounds in a general hospital].
|
Surgical infections due to gram-negative bacteria are important because of their high frequency, morbidity and mortality. In order to evaluate the risk factors and prognostics of gram-negative surgical wound infections a group of 50 patients with surgical infections were studied prospectively and consecutively and were compared with another group of 50 patients with similar characteristics but no infection. No significant differences were observed with respect to age between the two groups. Previous surgery, prior surgical infections and use of wide-spectrum antibiotics in the six weeks before the study were significantly associated with the development of surgical wound infections due to gram-negative bacteria. The most isolated bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (34%), followed by polymicrobial flora (16%). The factors significantly associated with a poor prognosis were the following: severe underlying disease, a clinically critical situation, previous surgery, arterial hypertension, complications, type of gram-negative bacteria, prior use of wide-spectrum antibiotics in the previous six weeks and older age. No deaths occurred.
|
['Cross Infection', 'Female', 'Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections', 'Hospitals, General', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Spain', 'Surgical Wound Infection']
| 11,086,278
|
[['C01.248', 'C23.550.291.875.500'], ['C01.150.252.400'], ['N02.278.421.389'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['Z01.542.846'], ['C01.947.692', 'C23.550.767.925']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Do different reperfusion methods affect the outcomes of stroke induced by MCAO in adult rats?
|
There are two patterns of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) models used in rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) I/R models, which differ in the use of unilateral or bilateral carotid artery reperfusion. The primary difference between the two patterns of I/R models is the complexity of the surgery procedure. However, researchers in this field have no idea whether there are any differences in outcomes of these two methods. In this study, we investigated the effects of the two methods on neurological deficits, infarct volume, blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression. Through evaluating the current way of bilateral common carotid artery reperfusion, we tried to find whether it could be replaced by an easier way. We found that there were no statistical significant differences between the different methods in infarct volume, neurological deficits, BBB integrity, and the level of BDNF (P > 0.05). These data demonstrated that different methods did not affect the neurological deficits, infarct volume, BBB integrity, and the BDNF protein level, which provides reference when we use an experimental stroke. These results suggest that the two methods have similar capability for inducing cerebral I/R injury and can be interchanged.
|
['Animals', 'Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Reperfusion Injury', 'Stroke']
| 26,268,737
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.644.276.860.100', 'D12.776.467.860.100', 'D12.776.631.600.100', 'D23.529.850.100'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['C10.228.140.300.150.477.200.450', 'C10.228.140.300.510.200.387', 'C10.228.140.300.775.200.200.450', 'C14.907.253.092.477.200.450', 'C14.907.253.560.200.387', 'C14.907.253.855.200.200.450', 'C23.550.513.355.250.200.450', 'C23.550.717.489.250.200.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['C14.907.725', 'C23.550.767.877'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Biological evaluation of a novel copper-containing composite for contraception.
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biocompatibility of a novel copper-containing composite to provide preclinical data for clinical application of intrauterine device (IUD) or intra-vas device (IVD).DESIGN: Prospective experimental study.SETTING: Good laboratory practices laboratories.ANIMALS: Twenty healthy adult mice (SPF grade Kunming white mice, animal code SCXK 2003-0005).INTERVENTION(S): Cytotoxicity tests in vitro were conducted to evaluate the influence of the materials on the morphology, growth, and proliferation of cultured L929 mouse fibroblasts. Acute systemic toxicity tests were conducted to investigate the acute systemic toxic reaction with mice, and then the materials were implanted into the spinal muscle of rabbits (n = 15). The rabbits were sacrificed for pathologic examination at 1, 4, and 12 weeks after surgery.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Evaluation of cytotoxicity by MTT assay, cytotoxicity test by direct contact assay, acute systemic toxicity test, and material implantation test.RESULT(S): The cytotoxicity grade of the copper-containing composite was 0-1, suggesting that the material was free of cytotoxicity; no acute systemic toxicity was found in any mice; mild inflammatory reaction was observed in the surrounding tissues of the implanted material in the early implantation stage, which was similar to that of the sham-operated sides. Twelve weeks after implantation, the inflammatory reaction was completely disappeared in the implanted tissue, similarly to the sham-operated sides. The fibrosis membrane surrounding the material became stable gradually over time.CONCLUSION: The copper-containing composite has excellent biocompatibility, which is feasible and safe for the clinical application as a novel contraceptive material.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Contraception', 'Female', 'Intrauterine Devices, Copper', 'Mice', 'Prospective Studies', 'Rabbits']
| 20,627,240
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['E02.875.194'], ['E07.190.250.510.520.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Availability of the inner surface of the red cell membrane to antibodies in digitonin ghosts. Studies on D-negative cells with anti-D.
|
Studies were done to determine whether antibodies can detect antigens on the inner red cell stromal membrane. When albumin, anti-A, anti-D, or IgG were combined with varying volumes of intact O, Rh-negative red cells (RBCs), these proteins diluted, on the average, to 76 percent of the total volume, which was almost identical to the volume of the supernatant fluid (mean 77%). In contrast, when the protein markers were combined with packed stroma prepared from O, Rh-negative RBCs by digitonin, they diluted, on the average, to 94 percent of the total reaction volume rather than to the volume of the supernatant (mean 70%). Similar dilution was observed in the fluid volume harvested from stromal suspensions by ultracentrifugation, indicating that the protein markers occupied the total fluid volume of the reaction mixture (inside and outside the stroma). Nonspecific adsorption of the protein markers to stroma did not occur since their dilution was unaffected by doubling the stromal volume and since they could be totally recovered in the fluid harvested by ultracentrifugation. These data indicate that antibodies easily traverse the membrane of RBC digitonin stroma but not the membrane of intact RBCs. Therefore, antibodies may be used to detect antigenic determinants on the inner stromal membrane. When anti-D was incubated with Rh-negative stroma, we did not observe consumption of this antibody. Thus, our data did not indicate that the D antigen is present on the cytoplasmic membrane of Rh-negative RBCs.
|
['Digitonin', 'Erythrocyte Membrane', 'Humans', 'Rh-Hr Blood-Group System', 'Ultracentrifugation']
| 3,927,532
|
[['D04.210.500.155.580.130.500.236', 'D09.408.180.261.236'], ['A11.118.290.270', 'A11.284.149.356', 'A15.145.229.334.270'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D23.050.301.290.775', 'D23.050.705.230.775'], ['E05.181.724', 'E05.196.941']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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