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Individualised treatment of seven cases of acquired factor VIII inhibitors.
|
Seven non-haemophilic patients with acquired Factor VIII inhibitors, admitted to Singapore General Hospital from 1986 to 1990, were studied to analyse their characteristic clinical features and therapeutic outcome. They all had low Factor VIIIC activities, ranged from 0 to 7% and their Factor VIII inhibitors ranged from 1.5 to 128 Bethesda units. All were Chinese aged 30 to 66 years, median 49 years. Six were females, with only one male. Five had associated autoimmune diseases and two had no apparent underlying disorder. One out of seven patients died despite treatment. Therapeutic approach is largely individualised. It may be life-threatening and needs prompt and adequate treatment.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Autoantibodies', 'Factor VIII', 'Female', 'Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Isoantibodies', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Partial Thromboplastin Time', 'Prednisolone', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 1,803,961
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323'], ['D12.776.124.125.350', 'D12.776.811.286', 'D23.119.350'], ['C23.550.414'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.664', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.664', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.664'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.225.625.115.600', 'E05.200.625.115.600', 'G09.188.660'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.795'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
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|
Patient specific prospective respiratory motion correction for efficient, free-breathing cardiovascular MRI.
|
PURPOSE: To develop a patient-specific respiratory motion correction technique with true 100% acquisition efficiency.METHODS: A short training scan consisting of a series of single heartbeat images, each acquired with a preceding diaphragmatic navigator, was performed to fit a model relating the patient-specific 3D respiratory motion of the heart-to-diaphragm position. The resulting motion model was then used to update the imaging plane in real-time to correct for translational motion based on respiratory position provided by the navigator. The method was tested in a group of 11 volunteers with 5 separate free-breathing acquisitions: FB, no motion correction; FB-TF, free breathing with a linear tracking factor; Nav Gate, navigator gating; Nav Gate-TF, navigator gating with a tracking factor; and PROCO, prospective motion correction (proposed). Each acquisition lasted for 50 accepted heartbeats, where non-gated scans had a 100% acceptance rate, and gated scans accepted data only within a ±4 mm navigator window. Retrospective image registration was used to measure residual motion and determine the effectiveness of each method.RESULTS: PROCO reduced the range/RMSE of residual motion to 4.08 ± 1.4/0.90 ± 0.3 mm, compared to 10.78 ± 6.9/2.97 ± 2.2 mm for FB, 5.32 ± 2.92/1.24 ± 0.8 mm for FB-TF, 4.08 ± 1.6/0.93 ± 0.4 mm for Nav Gate, and 2.90 ± 1.0/0.63 ± 0.2 mm for Nav Gate-TF. Nav Gate and Nav Gate-TF reduced scan efficiency to 48.84 ± 9.31% and 54.54 ± 10.12%, respectively.CONCLUSION: PROCO successfully limited the residual motion in single-shot imaging to the level of traditional navigator gating while maintaining 100% acquisition efficiency.
|
['Adult', 'Cardiac Imaging Techniques', 'Female', 'Heart', 'Humans', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Movement', 'Patient-Specific Modeling', 'Respiratory-Gated Imaging Techniques', 'Young Adult']
| 30,761,599
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.350.130'], ['A07.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['E05.599.395.821', 'L01.224.160.750'], ['E01.370.350.730', 'E01.370.386.730'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
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| 1
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|
A technique to examine cock sperm chromosomes using zona-free hamster eggs.
|
For the first time the visualization of cock sperm chromosomes using zona-free hamster eggs was described. Different variants of egg treatment were tested: varying the duration of incubation of eggs with spermatozoa from 5-6 to 20 h and the cytostatic treatment (colchicine) from 35 min to 9 h, varying the concentration of colchicine from 0.4-400 micrograms/ml and the hypotonic treatment with 0.1% and/or 1.0% sodium citrate or with distilled water from 2-5 to 12 min. In all variants sperm penetration was found, with changes in the head of sperm and the formation of pronucleus but there was no breakdown of the pronuclear envelopes. Only experiments, in which eggs were incubated without colchicine, were successful.
|
['Animals', 'Chickens', 'Chromosomes', 'Cricetinae', 'Cytogenetics', 'Female', 'Karyotyping', 'Male', 'Mesocricetus', 'Ovum', 'Spermatozoa']
| 1,597,251
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['A11.284.187', 'A11.284.430.106.279.345.190', 'G05.360.162'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['H01.158.273.343.180'], ['E01.370.225.500.385.315', 'E05.200.500.385.315', 'E05.242.385.315', 'E05.393.285.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.500'], ['A05.360.490.690', 'A11.497.497', 'A16.690'], ['A05.360.490.890', 'A11.497.760']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
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| 0
|
Catastrophic scapular fractures in Californian racehorses: pathology, morphometry and bone density.
|
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: To enhance understanding of the nature and pathogenesis of scapular fractures in racehorses.HYPOTHESIS: Scapular fractures in racehorses have a consistent configuration related to sites of pre-existing stress modelling and remodelling.METHODS: Fractured and intact scapulae collected post mortem were examined visually and with computed tomography (CT). Scapular fracture configuration, bone modelling changes and standardised CT morphometry and density measurements were recorded. Statistical comparisons were made between fractured, nonfractured contralateral and control scapulae.RESULTS: Thirty-nine scapulae from 10 Thoroughbred (TB) and 10 Quarter Horse (QH) racehorses were obtained. All 14 fractured scapulae (from 12 horses) had a consistent comminuted fracture configuration. A complete fracture coursed transversely through the neck of the scapula at the level of the distal aspect of the spine (8.9 ± 0.9 cm proximal to the lateral articular margin of the glenoid cavity). The distal fragment of 13 fractured scapulae was split into 2 major fragments by a fracture in the frontal plane that entered the glenoid cavity (2.8 ± 0.4 cm caudal to the cranial articular margin). Focal areas of periosteal proliferation and/or radiolucency were present in the distal aspect of the scapular spine of all fractured and intact contralateral scapulae, but less commonly (P<0.01) in intact scapula from horses without a scapular fracture. Fractured scapulae had 7-10% lower mean density and 46-104% greater density heterogeneity in the spine adjacent to the transverse fracture compared to control scapulae (P<0.03).CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Thoroughbred and QH racehorses have a characteristic scapular fracture configuration that is associated with pre-existing pathology of the distal aspect of the spine. This location is consistent with scapular stress fractures diagnosed in lame TB racehorses. Catastrophic fracture is the acute manifestation of a more chronic process. Consequently, there are opportunities for early detection and prevention of fatalities.
|
['Animals', 'Bone Remodeling', 'Bony Callus', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Forelimb', 'Fractures, Bone', 'Horse Diseases', 'Horses', 'Male', 'Radiography']
| 21,883,414
|
[['B01.050'], ['G11.427.213', 'G16.762.150'], ['A10.165.265.200'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['A13.395'], ['C26.404'], ['C22.488'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472'], ['E01.370.350.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Endorepellin, the C-terminal angiostatic module of perlecan, enhances collagen-platelet responses via the alpha2beta1-integrin receptor.
|
Endorepellin, a C-terminal fragment of the vascular basement membrane proteoglycan perlecan, inhibits angiogenesis via the alpha2beta1-integrin receptor. Because this integrin is also implicated in platelet-collagen responses and because endorepellin or its fragments are generated in response to injury and inflammation, we hypothesized that endorepellin could also affect platelet biology. We discovered that endorepellin supported alpha2beta1-dependent platelet adhesion, without appreciably activating or aggregating platelets. Notably, endorepellin enhanced collagen-evoked responses in platelets, in a src kinase-dependent fashion, and enhanced the collagen-inhibitory effect of an alpha2beta1-integrin function-blocking antibody. Collectively, these results suggest that endorepellin/alpha2beta1-integrin interaction and effects are specific and dependent on cell type, differ from those emanated by exposure to collagen, and may be due to cellular differences in alpha2beta1-integrin activation/ligand affinity state. These studies also suggest a heretofore unrecognized role for angiostatic basement membrane fragments in platelet biology.
|
['Angiostatic Proteins', 'Antibodies', 'Blood Platelets', 'Cell Membrane', 'Collagen', 'Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans', 'Humans', 'Integrin alpha2beta1', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Platelet Adhesiveness', 'Platelet Aggregation', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary']
| 17,197,432
|
[['D12.644.276.100.450', 'D12.776.467.100.450', 'D23.529.100.450'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['A11.284.149'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['D09.698.373.425.500', 'D09.698.735.400', 'D12.776.395.650.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.395.550.625.298', 'D12.776.543.550.625.298', 'D12.776.543.750.685.200', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.530.249', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.850.199', 'D12.776.543.750.705.675.352', 'D12.776.543.750.705.876.280'], ['D12.644.541'], ['G09.188.390.600.500', 'G09.188.670'], ['G09.188.370.687', 'G09.188.390.600.640'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
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|
Use of Sentinel Lymph Node Dissection After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Node-Positive Breast Cancer at Diagnosis: Practice Patterns of American Society of Breast Surgeons Members.
|
BACKGROUND: The accuracy of sentinel lymph node dissection (SLND) in clinically node-positive patients who receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been investigated in clinical trials. This survey was designed to assess familiarity and impact of these trial findings into practice.METHODS: American Society of Breast Surgeons members were invited by e-mail to complete an anonymous online survey. A total of 642 members responded (21% of 3090 eligible members). Results were summarized as proportions based on the number of responses to each question.RESULTS: Respondents indicated knowledge of the Z1071 (86%), SENTINA (57%), and SN-FNAC (39%) trials. The published false negative rates (FNR) of the trials were correctly reported by 53% (336/638) of respondents. Before the trials, 45% (285/636) offered SLND compared with 85% (543/638) after the trials. In the 556 respondents who reported knowledge of at least one trial, 310 (56%) currently offer SLND to >50% of patients, 175 (31%) offer to <50%, and 70 (13%) routinely perform axillary lymph node dissection. Respondents who reported knowledge of the trials but did not change their practice to incorporate SLND (n = 67) cited concerns over lack of outcome data (64%), worries about FNR (42%), lack of resources (34%), or objections from radiation oncologists (25%), medical oncologists (18%), or other surgeons (8%).CONCLUSIONS: The publication of trials evaluating SLND in clinically node-positive patients has resulted in changes in practice. Concerns over the FNR and lack of outcome data limit incorporation of SLND into practice by some surgeons.
|
['Axilla', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'False Negative Reactions', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymph Node Excision', 'Neoadjuvant Therapy', "Practice Patterns, Physicians'", 'Prognosis', 'Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy', 'Surgeons', 'United States']
| 28,766,207
|
[['A01.378.800.090'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E01.354.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.446'], ['E02.186.450'], ['N04.590.374.577', 'N05.300.625'], ['E01.789'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.580', 'E01.370.225.998.054.580', 'E01.370.388.100.580', 'E04.074.580', 'E04.446.819', 'E05.200.500.384.100.580', 'E05.200.998.054.580', 'E05.242.384.100.580'], ['M01.526.485.810.910', 'N02.360.810.910'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Effects of denervating brown adipose tissue on the responses to cold, hyperphagia and noradrenaline treatment in the rat.
|
Surgical denervation of the five sympathetic nerves supplying one lobe of the interscapular brown fat of control rats caused small reductions in mass, protein content and the activity of the thermogenic mitochondrial proton conductance pathway (assessed from guanosine-5'-diphosphate (GDP) binding) when compared to the intact lobe. Denervation did not affect the acute 100% increase in mitochondrial GDP binding capacity seen after a single injection of noradrenaline. Cold-adaptation (4 degrees C for 7 days) or over-feeding (cafeteria diet for 10 days) caused marked increases in the mass, protein content and specific mitochondrial GDP binding in intact brown adipose tissue, but these changes were totally prevented by surgical denervation. These data indicate that the hypertrophy and the increased thermogenic capacity of brown fat induced by cold-adaptation or hyperphagia depend entirely upon the sympathetic innervation of the tissue.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Adipose Tissue, Brown', 'Animals', 'Cold Temperature', 'Food', 'Guanosine Diphosphate', 'Male', 'Mitochondria', 'Norepinephrine', 'Proteins', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Sympathectomy']
| 6,491,999
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['A10.165.114.322'], ['B01.050'], ['G01.906.595.272', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.300', 'G16.500.750.775.710.300', 'N06.230.300.100.725.154', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.300'], ['G07.203.300', 'J02.500'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.340', 'D13.695.667.454.340', 'D13.695.827.426.340'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['D02.033.100.291.502', 'D02.092.063.480', 'D02.092.211.215.746', 'D02.092.311.830', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.830'], ['D12.776'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['E04.525.210.105.800']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
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| 1
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|
[Anatomic and radiologic studies of of ovarian arteries in women of various ages].
|
The main source of ovarian arterial blood supply is so called an ovarian arcade. It is an arterial system made of the uterine and ovarian artery junction. Depend on the source of information, there are different descriptions of ovarian arcade vessels, as well as there are different anatomical nomenclature. Anatomical material was taken from 63 women aged 15 to 85. Arterial vessels were appropriately prepared, filled with contrast medium and X-ray examined. An ovarian and uterine vessels junction into the ovarian arcade was observed in the all examined material. In order to be include into the arcade, an appropriate vessel diameter had to be stated at the level of uterine and tubal end. In multiparas in comparison with nulliparas, an average diameter was bigger about 17%. Number of vessels, the arcade gives to ovarian hilus is also of variable quantity. There are markedly less vessels in postmenopausal women.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aging', 'Angiography', 'Arteries', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Ovary', 'Postmenopause', 'Reference Values']
| 9,138,984
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G07.345.124'], ['E01.370.350.700.060', 'E01.370.370.050'], ['A07.015.114'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A05.360.319.114.630', 'A05.360.576.497', 'A06.300.312.497'], ['G08.686.157.500.625', 'G08.686.841.249.500.625'], ['E05.978.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
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| 0
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|
Immunobiology of the oral mucosa in the mouse.
|
The incidence of immunoglobulin (Ig)-synthesizing cells, Thy 1-positive cells and macrophages in the murine oral mucosa was investigated. Immunofluorescence studies of frozen tissue sections showed that IgA-, IgM- and IgG-containing cells and Thy 1-bearing cells were closely associated with the minor salivary glands. A quantitative analysis was then undertaken using single cell suspensions of the tissue. After mechanical disruption or enzymatic digestion of the mucosa, lymphoid cells were recovered almost exclusively from the mucosa of the posterior soft palate where we observed a dense accumulation of minor salivary glands. Thy 1-bearing cells were found at a higher frequency (25% of recovered cells) than membrane Ig-positive B lymphocytes (6-7%) in these suspensions. Cytoplasmic Ig+ cells accounted for about 6% of recovered cells, whereas plaque-forming cells (Ig-secreting cells) occurred at the same frequency as in the spleen (0.1%). Plasma cells of the IgA and IgM isotypes predominated over IgG-secreting cells (A:M:G ratio = 1:1:0.2); this distribution did not directly correlate with the isotype distribution of salivary Igs (A:M:G ratio = 1:0.003:0.07). In addition, about 10-14% of the cells in our preparations were esterase-positive mononuclear cells. Present data indicate that the murine oral mucosa contains both effector and regulatory cells required for the development and expression of local antibody responses.
|
['Animals', 'Antibody-Producing Cells', 'Antigens, Surface', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Esterases', 'Immunoglobulins', 'Leukocyte Count', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C3H', 'Mouth Mucosa', 'Saliva', 'Thy-1 Antigens']
| 2,862,103
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.063', 'A15.382.032'], ['D23.050.301'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['D08.811.277.352'], ['D12.776.124.486.485', 'D12.776.124.790.651', 'D12.776.377.715.548'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595', 'E05.200.625.107.595', 'E05.242.195.107.595', 'G04.140.107.595', 'G09.188.105.595'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.388', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.388'], ['A10.615.550.599', 'A14.549.512'], ['A12.200.666'], ['D12.776.395.550.050', 'D12.776.543.550.189', 'D23.050.301.264.894.123', 'D23.101.100.894.123']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Time course of MDR gene amplification during in vivo selection for doxorubicin-resistance and during reversal in murine leukemia L 1210.
|
MDR gene expression in murine leukemia L 1210 cells was investigated during treatment in vivo with 0.5 mg doxorubicin/kg body weight (BW). Drug resistance (measured by an in vitro short-term test and immunohistochemistry) increased with the number of treatments and the maximum resistance reached after 8 treatments was similar with that of an established multidrug- resistant cell line (20 treatments, 2 mg/kg BW). Southern-blot and DNA dot-blot analyses show that development of MDR is associated with MDR-gene amplification and correlates with the degree of drug resistance and P-glycoprotein-expression. After cessation of doxorubicin treatment, resistance decreased continuously and disappeared after 20 passages. This decrease in resistance is accompanied by a loss of MDR gene amplification and P-glycoprotein expression. Furthermore, P-glycoprotein expression was analyzed in the first hours after treatment with doxorubicin in vivo (0.5 mg/kg BW). Expression was markedly increased and peaked at about 24 hours after treatment. In contrast, only slightly increased resistance and no MDR gene amplification could be detected.
|
['ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1', 'Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Blotting, Southern', 'Cell Survival', 'DNA, Neoplasm', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Doxorubicin', 'Drug Resistance', 'Female', 'Gene Amplification', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Kinetics', 'Leukemia L1210', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Time Factors']
| 1,676,579
|
[['D12.776.157.530.100.075.063', 'D12.776.157.530.450.074.500.500.250.125', 'D12.776.395.550.020.400.153', 'D12.776.543.550.192.400.153', 'D12.776.543.585.100.200.125', 'D12.776.543.585.450.074.500.500.250.125'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['E05.196.401.114', 'E05.301.300.087', 'E05.601.150'], ['G04.346'], ['D13.444.308.425'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200.175', 'D04.615.562.050.200.175', 'D09.408.051.059.200.175'], ['G07.690.773.984'], ['G05.308.250', 'G05.365.590.310', 'G05.558.315'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['C04.557.337.372.594', 'C04.619.531.594'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
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| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Selection of new chemicals to be used in conditioned aversion for non-lethal predation control.
|
Globally, native predators and scavengers are threatened through the incidence of illegal poisoning due to increasing human-wildlife conflicts. The use of conditioned taste aversion (CTA) may mitigate such conflicts. CTA is a robust learning paradigm that occurs when animals associate a food with a discomfort induced by a chemical, thereby avoiding that food in subsequent encounters. We reviewed the potential of 167 chemical compounds to be used in CTA, considering effects, margin of safety, accessibility, and detectability. After the review, 15 compounds fulfilled the required characteristics, but only five (thiabendazole, thiram, levamisole, fluconazole and fluralaner) were finally selected to be tested in CTA assays with dogs. Of the tested compounds, thiabendazole, thiram and levamisole caused target food rejection by dogs and reduced the time spent eating during post-conditioning. However, despite being microencapsulated, levamisole appeared to be detectable by dogs, whereas thiram and thiabendazole were not. Fluconazole and fluralaner did not produce any CTA effect. Thiabendazole, thiram and levamisole can therefore induce CTA, and thus are potential candidates as aversive compounds for wildlife management. Thiram is an undetectable, relatively safe and accessible compound that can induce CTA in canids, and opens new possibilities to develop methods of non-lethal predation control.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Wild', 'Avoidance Learning', 'Conditioning, Classical', 'Dogs', 'Fluconazole', 'Isoxazoles', 'Levamisole', 'Male', 'Predatory Behavior', 'Taste', 'Thiabendazole', 'Thiram']
| 31,310,793
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.300'], ['F02.463.425.097', 'F02.463.785.373.173'], ['F02.463.425.179.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['D03.383.129.799.450'], ['D03.383.129.385'], ['D02.886.675.346', 'D03.383.129.308.480', 'D03.383.129.708.346'], ['F01.145.113.111.600', 'F01.145.113.252.520'], ['F02.830.816.724', 'G11.561.790.724'], ['D02.886.675.840', 'D03.383.129.708.824', 'D03.633.100.103.850'], ['D02.241.081.251.869.210.800', 'D02.886.706.175.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A clinicopathological case report of retinopathy of pancreatitis.
|
A 32-year-old black woman with pancreatitis developed visual loss in both eyes. On ophthalmoscopic examination she had extensive ischaemic infarcts at the posterior poles of both eyes, a clinical picture which has been reported previously in patients with pancreatitis and noted to be similar to Purtscher's retinopathy. On histopathological examination of the eyes after death there were arteriolar occlusions in both the choroid and retina and inner ischaemic infarctions with inner retinal oedema. Owing to the 23-day interval from arteriolar occlusion until death the exact nature of the original occlusion could not be determined. However, either fat emboli or activated complement C5-induced granulocyte embolus formation are possible causes.
|
['Adult', 'Arterial Occlusive Diseases', 'Arterioles', 'Choroid', 'Edema', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Pancreatitis', 'Retina', 'Retinal Artery', 'Retinal Diseases']
| 7,066,274
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C14.907.137'], ['A07.015.114.060', 'A07.015.461.080'], ['A09.371.894.223'], ['C23.888.277'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.689.750'], ['A09.371.729'], ['A07.015.114.765', 'A07.015.611.647'], ['C11.768']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The effect of hospice on Medicare and informal care costs: the U.S. Experience.
|
The effect of hospice on third-party payer costs has long been of great interest in the United States and other nations. The choice of hospice could also influence the costs experienced by patients and family members as compared with when Medicare beneficiaries choose to use normal care. This article considers both types of cost in the context of the United States. Hospice provides a rare example of a medical or multiprofessional intervention that improves quality of life for patients while reducing the costs of third-party insurers. Out-of-pocket costs do not differ by hospice use, but families experience higher informal costs when a loved one who is dying uses hospice. There are likely benefits of such interactions that would offset any costs, but these are hard to quantify. The Medicare program is supposed to provide necessary and reasonable care to beneficiaries, and hospice would easily pass any such assessment.
|
['Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Health Care Costs', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Medicare Part A', 'Pain', 'Palliative Care', 'United States']
| 19,615,635
|
[['N03.219.151.125'], ['N03.219.151.400', 'N05.300.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['N03.219.521.346.506.564.663.500', 'N03.219.521.576.343.840.725', 'N03.706.615.698'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['E02.760.666', 'N02.421.585.666'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[Anisocoria related to bupropion in migraine].
|
INTRODUCTION: Bupropion is used to help people stop smoking. This drug can cause visual alterations but, up to now, its use was not associated with anisocoria.CASE REPORT: A 40 year-old woman with a personal history of migraines, presented with monocular mydriasis during treatment with bupropion. Both pupils dilated equally after a 5% cocaine test, and constricted equally after a 0.025% Pilocarpine test. The anisocoria disappeared after the treatment with bupropion was withdrawn.DISCUSSION: Bupropion inhibits neural uptake of norepinephrine and dopamine. Patients with migraine could have a minor unilateral sympathetic pupillary deficit. This deficit could cause hypersensitivity in the oculosympathetic pathway that could be stimulated with bupropion treatment. This feature could explain the mydriasis in our patient. Another explanation could be that bupropion could unmask a physiological anisocoria.
|
['Adult', 'Anisocoria', 'Bupropion', 'Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors', 'Female', 'Horner Syndrome', 'Humans', 'Migraine Disorders', 'Smoking Cessation']
| 17,717,775
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C10.597.690.150', 'C11.710.090', 'C23.888.592.708.150'], ['D02.522.818.110'], ['D27.505.519.562.437.220', 'D27.505.519.625.150.800', 'D27.505.519.625.600.220', 'D27.505.696.577.150.800', 'D27.505.696.577.600.220'], ['C10.177.350', 'C10.597.690.362.500', 'C11.710.528.500', 'C23.888.592.708.362.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.546.399.750'], ['F01.145.488.732']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of preharvest anti-fungal compounds on Aspergillus steynii and A. carbonarius under fluctuating and extreme environmental conditions.
|
Ochratoxin A (OTA) has been found in pre-harvest and freshly harvested wheat. Spanish climatic conditions point to Aspergillus species as probably responsible for this OTA. In this study the effectiveness of 5 non-specific antifungal chemicals used on wheat fields (25.9% tebuconazole+60.0% N,N-capramide dimethyl; 12.70% tebuconazole+12.7% prothioconazole+59.5% N,N-amide dimethyldecane; 12.5% epoxiconazole; 12.5% tetraconazole; and 70% thiophanate methyl) and an extract from Equisetum arvense were investigated in vitro on wheat by recording growth (colony size, fungal growth and DNA concentration) and OTA production of two ochratoxigenic isolates of Aspergillus carbonarius and three of A. steynii, simulating current and extreme climatic conditions. Inoculated wheat was incubated under two alternating temperature cycles (20/30°C and 25/35°C) with photoperiod (14/10h lightness/darkness), and two moisture levels (40 and 25%). The Aspergillus species tested seemed to be able to persist in predicted future climatic conditions, in particular, A. steynii, a high OTA producer. Azoles were effective in controlling the growth of A. carbonarius and A. steynii, and this effectiveness may not be compromised by the increase in temperature and decrease of humidity. However, azoles are not useful for the prevention of OTA accumulation, which could be only reduced in A. carbonarius under non-extreme conditions. Although some adjustment will probably be required, further studies should be conducted in the field, since the antifungals used in this study are applied at flowering and not directly on the grain. Moreover, timing of antifungal application may need to be optimized. Finally, Equisetum extract showed promising results as an antifungal, however further work to adjust the applied concentrations is required.
|
['Antifungal Agents', 'Aspergillus', 'Chlorobenzenes', 'Edible Grain', 'Environment', 'Food Contamination', 'Food Microbiology', 'Humidity', 'Ochratoxins', 'Temperature', 'Triazoles', 'Triticum']
| 22,947,301
|
[['D27.505.954.122.136'], ['B01.300.381.081'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.261', 'D02.455.526.439.202'], ['A18.024.500.750.500', 'B01.650.160.250', 'B01.650.510.250', 'G07.203.300.300.550', 'G07.203.300.775.500', 'J02.500.300.550', 'J02.500.775.500'], ['G16.500.275', 'N06.230'], ['J01.576.423.850.730.500.249', 'N06.850.460.400', 'N06.850.601.500.249'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.332', 'J01.576.423.850.730.500.249.300', 'N06.850.425.200', 'N06.850.460.400.300', 'N06.850.601.500.249.300'], ['G16.500.275.063.725.310', 'G16.500.750.775.310', 'N06.230.150.372', 'N06.230.300.100.725.310'], ['D03.383.663.283.446.800.500', 'D03.633.100.150.446.800.500', 'D23.946.587.697'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['D03.383.129.799'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.918']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Antibacterial activity against â- lactamase producing Methicillin and Ampicillin-resistants Staphylococcus aureus: Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI) determination.
|
BACKGROUND: The present study reports the antibacterial capacity of alkaloid compounds in combination with Methicillin and Ampicillin-resistants bacteria isolated from clinical samples. The resistance of different bacteria strains to the current antibacterial agents, their toxicity and the cost of the treatment have led to the development of natural products against the bacteria resistant infections when applied in combination with conventional antimicrobial drugs.METHOD: The antibacterial assays in this study were performed by using inhibition zone diameters, MIC, MBC methods, the time-kill assay and the Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI) determination. On the whole, fifteen Gram-positive bacterial strains (MRSA/ARSA) were used. Negative control was prepared using discs impregnated with 10 % DMSO in water and commercially available Methicillin and Ampicillin from Alkom Laboratories LTD were used as positive reference standards for all bacterial strains.RESULTS: We noticed that the highest activities were founded with the combination of alkaloid compounds and conventional antibiotics against all bacteria strains. Then, results showed that after 7 h exposition there was no viable microorganism in the initial inoculums.CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that alkaloid compounds in combination with conventional antibiotics (Methicillin, Ampicillin) exhibited antimicrobial effects against microorganisms tested. These results validate the ethno-botanical use of Cienfuegosia digitata Cav. (Malvaceae) in Burkina Faso. Moreover, this study demonstrates the potential of this herbaceous as a source of antibacterial agent that could be effectively used for future health care purposes.
|
['Alkaloids', 'Ampicillin', 'Ampicillin Resistance', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Biological Assay', 'Drug Synergism', 'Malvaceae', 'Methicillin', 'Methicillin Resistance', 'Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Plant Extracts', 'beta-Lactamase Inhibitors', 'beta-Lactamases']
| 22,716,026
|
[['D03.132'], ['D02.065.589.099.750.750.050', 'D02.886.108.750.750.050', 'D03.633.100.300.750.750.050'], ['G06.099.225.500.600.050', 'G06.225.347.500.600.050', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.500.600.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D12.776.097'], ['E05.091'], ['G07.690.773.968.477'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.821.500'], ['D02.065.589.099.750.500', 'D02.886.108.750.500', 'D03.633.100.300.750.500'], ['G06.099.225.500.600.525', 'G06.225.347.500.600.525', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.500.600.525'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100.500', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100.500', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100.500', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100.500'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D27.505.519.389.400', 'D27.505.954.122.085.516'], ['D08.811.277.087.180']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cues used by the black fly, Simulium annulus, for attraction to the common loon (Gavia immer).
|
The parasitic relationship between a black fly, Simulium annulus, and the common loon (Gavia immer) has been considered one of the most exclusive relationships between any host species and a black fly species. To test the host specificity of this blood-feeding insect, we made a series of bird decoy presentations to black flies on loon-inhabited lakes in northern Wisconsin, U.S.A. To examine the importance of chemical and visual cues for black fly detection of and attraction to hosts, we made decoy presentations with and without chemical cues. Flies attracted to the decoys were collected, identified to species, and quantified. Results showed that S. annulus had a strong preference for common loon visual and chemical cues, although visual cues from Canada geese (Branta canadensis) and mallards (Anas platyrynchos) did attract some flies in significantly smaller numbers.
|
['Animals', 'Birds', 'Female', 'Geese', 'Host-Parasite Interactions', 'Male', 'Simuliidae']
| 23,181,860
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.248'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.050.350', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.492'], ['G16.527.200.400'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.712.500.937']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Physiologic pigmentation of the oral mucosa in Israeli Jews of different ethnic origin.
|
The prevalence of oral physiologic pigmentation in three ethnic groups of a total of 2465 Israeli Jews was determined, and the relationship of oral pigmentation to age and sex within the groups was noted. Results showed the presence of oral pigmentation in 63.6% of the Eastern group, 54.8% of the Sephardic group, and 24.9% of the Ashkenazi group. No indication was found of sex predilection, and no significant trend was evident in the prevalence of pigmentation with relation to age. The leading site of pigmentation among the entire sample was the gingiva, and this finding did not vary with ethnicity.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Ethnic Groups', 'Female', 'Gingiva', 'Humans', 'Israel', 'Jews', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mouth Mucosa', 'Pigmentation', 'Sex Factors']
| 6,589,111
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.686.754', 'N01.224.317'], ['A14.549.167.646.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.500.375'], ['M01.686.754.600'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A10.615.550.599', 'A14.549.512'], ['E01.370.600.620', 'G16.690'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Evaluation of radiocesium concentrations in new leaves of wild plants two years after the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident.
|
Radiocesium ((137)Cs) transfer to plants immediately after the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident was investigated by collecting newly emerged leaf and soil samples between May 2011 and November 2012 from 20 sites in the Fukushima prefecture. Radiocesium concentrations in leaf and soil samples were measured to calculate concentration ratios (CR). Woody plants exhibited high CR values because (137)Cs deposited on stems and/or leaves were transferred to newly emerging tissues. The CR values in 2012 declined as compared to that in 2011. Exchangeable (137)Cs rates in soil (extraction rate) samples were measured at five sites. These rates decreased at four sites in 2012 and depended on environmental conditions and soil type. Both CR values and extraction rates decreased in 2012. However, CR values reflected the changes in extraction rates and characteristics of each species. Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, and Polygonaceae, which had been identified as Cs accumulators, presented no clear (137)Cs accumulation ability. In 2012, the perennial plant Houttuynia cordata and deciduous trees Chengiopanax sciadophylloides and Acer crataegifolium displayed high CR values, indicating that these species are (137)Cs accumulators and may be considered as potential species for phytoremediation.
|
['Cesium Radioisotopes', 'Fukushima Nuclear Accident', 'Japan', 'Magnoliopsida', 'Plant Leaves', 'Radiation Monitoring', 'Soil Pollutants, Radioactive']
| 27,116,401
|
[['D01.268.549.125.500.300', 'D01.268.556.165.500.300', 'D01.496.180.300', 'D01.496.749.190', 'D01.552.528.160.500.300', 'D01.552.544.165.500.300'], ['K01.400.504.984.186', 'N06.850.135.848.750'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250'], ['A18.024.812'], ['E05.799.638', 'N06.850.780.375.700', 'N06.850.810.370'], ['D20.693.756', 'D27.888.284.756.674']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Keratinocyte expression of human beta defensin 2 following bacterial infection: role in cutaneous host defense.
|
Human beta defensin 2 (hbetaD-2) is thought to play an important role in cutaneous immune defense. We hypothesized that (i) keratinocyte expression of hbetaD-2, measured by reverse transcription-PCR, would be upregulated in response to challenge with pathogenic bacteria, particularly highly adherent strains of Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus, and (ii) hbetaD-2 would have potent antimicrobial activity against pathogenic but not commensal organisms. Expression of hbetaD-2 was induced consistently by S. aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, whereas strains of S. pyogenes were poor and variable inducers of hbetaD-2. No correlation was found between levels of bacterial adherence and keratinocyte expression of hbetaD-2. S. pyogenes was significantly more sensitive to killing by hbetaD-2 than S. epidermidis. We conclude that the ability to induce hbetaD-2 expression in combination with sensitivity to its antimicrobial effects may contribute to the rarity of skin infections with the gram-negative bacterial organisms, whereas lack of stimulation of hbetaD-2 expression by S. pyogenes may be important in its ability to evade innate defenses and cause skin disease. Induction of expression of hbetaD-2 but relative tolerance to it may enable S. epidermidis to survive on the skin surface and modulate hbetaD-2 expression when the stratum corneum barrier is disrupted.
|
['Bacterial Adhesion', 'Bacterial Infections', 'Humans', 'Keratinocytes', 'Skin', 'Skin Diseases', 'Staphylococcus epidermidis', 'Streptococcus pyogenes', 'Up-Regulation', 'beta-Defensins']
| 12,522,054
|
[['G06.099.050'], ['C01.150.252'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.409.500', 'A11.436.397'], ['A17.815'], ['C17.800'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.343', 'B03.353.500.750.750.343', 'B03.510.100.750.750.343', 'B03.510.400.790.750.343'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.575', 'B03.510.400.800.872.575', 'B03.510.550.737.872.575'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998'], ['D12.644.050.200.075', 'D12.776.543.695.054.200.075']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Antinociceptive effects of intrathecal landiolol injection in a rat formalin pain model.
|
Perioperative beta-blocker administration has recently been recommended for patients undergoing cardiac or other surgery due to the beneficial cardiovascular effects of these agents. In addition, some studies have reported that perioperatively administered beta-blockers also have analgesic effects. In this study, to investigate the antinociceptive effects and the analgesic profile of landiolol, we examined the effects of intrathecal landiolol administration on nociceptive pain behavior and c-fos mRNA expression (a neural marker of pain) in the spinal cord using a rat formalin model. We found that pain-related behavior was inhibited by intrathecal landiolol administration. Moreover, the increase in c-fos mRNA expression on the formalin-injected side was less pronounced in rats administered landiolol than in saline administered controls. Thus, intrathecal administration of landiolol exhibited antinociceptive effects. Further investigation of the antinociceptive mechanism of landiolol is required.
|
['Analgesics', 'Animals', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Formaldehyde', 'Injections, Spinal', 'Male', 'Morpholines', 'Pain', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Urea']
| 22,729,110
|
[['D27.505.696.663.850.014', 'D27.505.954.427.040'], ['B01.050'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D02.047.407'], ['E02.319.267.530.580'], ['D03.383.533.640'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['D12.776.260.108.765', 'D12.776.624.664.700.179', 'D12.776.660.760', 'D12.776.930.127.765'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D02.065.950']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Abdominal compartment syndrome after open biopsy in a child with bilateral Wilms' tumour.
|
Although Wilms' tumour is one of the most common solid malignancies in children, bilateral disease is rare. We report a child with bilateral Wilms' tumour who developed abdominal compartment syndrome after an open biopsy.
|
['Abdomen', 'Compartment Syndromes', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Vena Cava, Inferior', 'Wilms Tumor']
| 19,342,740
|
[['A01.923.047'], ['C05.651.180', 'C14.907.303'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C04.588.945.947.535', 'C12.758.820.750', 'C12.777.419.473', 'C13.351.937.820.535', 'C13.351.968.419.473'], ['A07.015.908.949.648'], ['C04.557.435.595', 'C04.588.945.947.535.585', 'C04.700.900', 'C12.758.820.750.585', 'C12.777.419.473.585', 'C13.351.937.820.535.585', 'C13.351.968.419.473.585', 'C16.320.700.900']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Speech patterning in recently admitted and chronic long-stay schizophrenic patients.
|
Several writers have suggested that schizophrenic patients show unusual formal, or non-content, patterns of speech. For reasons of methodology, none of their findings is easy to interpret, and important questions remain unanswered. In particular, we do not know how schizophrenic patients behave in free conversion, how their behaviour with another patient may differ from their behaviour with a psychiatrically normal partner, whether they show consistency across encounters, nor whether patients recently admitted to hospital differ from chronic long-stay patients. The first study was designed to examine the first three questions, by observing recently admitted schizophrenic patients in two free dyadic conversations, one with a schizophrenic partner and one with a psychiatrically normal partner, and comparing them with three control groups; depressive patients; patients suffering from neurotic or personality disorders; and psychiatrically normal chest patients. Consistently across their two encounters, schizophrenic subjects were found to behave similarly for the most part to all three control groups. The second study went on to examine the fourth question, by comparing recently admitted and chronic long-stay schizophrenic patients, and revealed no differences between the two groups. The investigation is discussed in the light of previous research, and it is suggested that a critical variable may be the setting and nature of the encounter in which the schizophrenic patient takes part.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Chronic Disease', 'Depression', 'Female', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neurotic Disorders', 'Personality Disorders', 'Schizophrenic Language', 'Social Environment', 'Verbal Behavior']
| 843,783
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F03.080.550', 'F03.650'], ['F03.675'], ['F01.145.126.975'], ['I01.880.853.500'], ['F01.145.209.908']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Examining the application of Web 2.0 in medical-related organisations.
|
OBJECTIVES: This study surveyed Web 2.0 application in three types of selected health or medical-related organisations such as university medical libraries, hospitals and non-profit medical-related organisations.METHODS: Thirty organisations participated in an online survey on the perceived purposes, benefits and difficulties in using Web 2.0. A phone interview was further conducted with eight organisations (26.7%) to collect information on the use of Web 2.0. Data were analysed using both quantitative and qualitative approaches.RESULTS: Results showed that knowledge and information sharing and the provision of a better communication platform were rated as the main purposes of using Web 2.0. Time constraints and low staff engagement were the most highly rated difficulties. In addition, most participants found Web 2.0 to be beneficial to their organisations.CONCLUSIONS: Medical-related organisations that adopted Web 2.0 technologies have found them useful, with benefits outweighing the difficulties in the long run. The implications of this study are discussed to help medical-related organisations make decisions regarding the use of Web 2.0 technologies.
|
['Cooperative Behavior', 'Diffusion of Innovation', 'Hong Kong', 'Humans', 'Information Dissemination', 'Information Services', 'Interdisciplinary Communication', 'Internet', 'Libraries, Medical', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care']
| 22,335,289
|
[['F01.145.813.115'], ['L01.143.320'], ['Z01.252.474.164.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.143.443'], ['L01.453'], ['F01.829.401.205.249', 'L01.143.865.500'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['J03.400.596.831.937', 'L01.346.596.719.875'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[Effect of deep inspiration on maximum expiratory flow (Vmax) depends on basal bronchomotor tone in young healthy females].
|
The relationship between the effect of deep inspiration on Vmax and basal bronchomotor tone was studied by partial and maximum expiratory flow-volume curve in 16 young healthy females (20-21 years old). Effect of deep inspiration on Vmax (DI index; (PEF25-MEF25)/PEF25) significantly related to percent increase in PEF25 not only by inhalation of ipratropium bromide (r = 0.81, p less than 0.0002) but also by inhalation of salbutamol (r = -0.62, p less than 0.01). Furthermore, day to day variation of DI index significantly related to day to day variation of PEF25 (r = 0.68, p less than 0.005) but not to that of MEF25. These findings suggest that the bronchodilating effect of deep inspiration in young healthy females may depend on intensity of basal bronchomotor tone caused by tonic vagal nerve activity.
|
['Adult', 'Bronchi', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Maximal Expiratory Flow Rate', 'Maximal Expiratory Flow-Volume Curves', 'Muscle Tonus', 'Muscle, Smooth', 'Reference Values', 'Respiration']
| 2,355,671
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A04.411.125'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.386.700.660.225.500', 'G09.772.650.300.590'], ['E01.370.386.700.660.225.505', 'G09.772.650.300.630'], ['G11.427.565'], ['A02.633.570', 'A10.690.467'], ['E05.978.810'], ['G09.772.705']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A novel application of multi-event modeling to estimate class segregation in a highly migratory oceanic vertebrate.
|
Spatial segregation of animals by class (i.e., maturity or sex) within a population due to differential rates of temporary emigration (TE) from study sites can be an important life history feature to consider in population assessment and management. However, such rates are poorly known; new quantitative approaches to address these knowledge gaps are needed. We present a novel application of multi-event models that takes advantage of two sources of detections to differentiate temporary emigration from apparent absence to quantify class segregation within a study population of double-marked (photo-identified and tagged with coded acoustic transmitters) white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) in central California. We use this model to test if sex-specific patterns in TE result in disparate apparent capture probabilities (po ) between male and female white sharks, which can affect the observed sex ratio. The best-supported model showed a contrasting pattern of Pr(TE) from coastal aggregation sites between sexes (for males Pr[TE] = 0.015 [95% CI = 0.00, 0.31] and Pr[TE]= 0.57 [0.40, 0.72] for females), but not maturity classes. Additionally, by accounting for Pr(TE) and imperfect detection, we were able to estimate class-specific values of true capture probability (p* ) for tagged and untagged sharks. The best-supported model identified differences between maturity classes but no difference between sexes or tagging impacts (tagged mature sharks p* = 0.55 (0.46-0.63) and sub-adult sharks p* = 0.36 (0.25, 0.50); and untagged mature sharks p* = 0.50 (0.39-0.61) and sub-adults p* = 0.18 (0.10, 0.31). Estimated sex-based differences in po were linked to sex-specific differences in Pr(TE) but not in p* ; once the Pr(TE) is accounted for, the p* between sexes was not different. These results indicate that the observed sex ratio is not a consequence of unequal detectability and sex-specific values of Pr(TE) are important drivers of the observed male-dominated sex ratio. Our modeling approach reveals complex class-specific patterns in Pr(TE) and p* in a mark-recapture data set, and highlights challenges for the population modeling and conservation of white sharks in central California. The model we develop here can be used to estimate rates of temporary emigration and class segregation when two detection methods are used.
|
['Aging', 'Animal Migration', 'Animals', 'California', 'Female', 'Male', 'Models, Biological', 'Pacific Ocean', 'Sharks', 'Time Factors']
| 27,912,002
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['F01.145.113.069.500'], ['B01.050'], ['Z01.107.567.875.580.200', 'Z01.107.567.875.760.200'], ['E05.599.395'], ['Z01.756.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.370.853'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Biomass and microbial activity in a biofilter during backwashing.
|
Biomass and microbial activity in backwashing processes of a biofilter for tertiary treatment were investigated. The microbial groups revealed new distribution along the biofilter depth after low flow rate backwashing for a short time. Then the start-up process was accelerated by backwashing. The biomass profile and microbial activity profile both varying with depth before and after backwashing, can be mathematically described by quadratic equations. Using the profiles, the difference of oxygen demand can be calculated to determine the airflow rate during backwashing. Combined with the difference between biofilters and rapid gravity filters, analysis of biomass and microbial activity can determine more accurately the required airflow rate during backwashing.
|
['Biomass', 'Environmental Microbiology', 'Filtration', 'Oxygen', 'Sewage', 'Water Purification']
| 15,822,159
|
[['G16.500.275.157.100', 'N06.230.124.100'], ['H01.158.273.540.274', 'N06.850.425'], ['E05.196.454', 'G01.280', 'G02.263'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['D20.944.932.500'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.900.900', 'N06.850.860.510.900.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Osteocalcin in canine joint diseases.
|
Markers of joint disease are much sought after in human and veterinary rheumatology. This study investigated the relationship between markers of bone and cartilage turnover in sera and synovial fluids in naturally occurring canine joint diseases. Osteocalcin (OC) was measured by radioimmunoassay; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to measure keratan sulphate, chondroitin sulphate, hyaluronan and antibodies to collagen I and II. Dimethylmethylene blue binding assay was used for the estimation of sulphated glycosaminoglycans. Compared to normal dogs significantly higher serum OC was seen in dogs with osteoarthritis (P < 0.005), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (P < 0.01) and rupture/stretching of cranial cruciate ligament (P < 0.02). Reduced OC was found in RA synovial fluids but this finding is probably of little value as there was too much overlap with normal joint data. Apart from a weak correlation between synovial fluid OC and keratan sulphate, there were generally no correlations between markers of bone and cartilage turnover probably reflecting the lack of any relationship between bone and cartilage metabolism in most canine arthropathies.
|
['Alkaline Phosphatase', 'Animals', 'Biomarkers', 'Cartilage, Articular', 'Dog Diseases', 'Dogs', 'Female', 'Joint Diseases', 'Male', 'Osteocalcin', 'Synovial Fluid']
| 8,791,849
|
[['D08.811.277.352.650.035'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.101'], ['A02.165.407.150', 'A02.835.583.192'], ['C22.268'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['C05.550'], ['D12.776.157.125.700'], ['A02.835.583.443.800.800', 'A12.207.270.847']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
In vitro study of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in a shaken basal cistern after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage.
|
BACKGROUND: Cerebral arterial vasospasm leads to delayed cerebral ischemia and constitutes the major delayed complication following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Cerebral vasospasm can be reduced by increased blood clearance from the subarachnoid space. Clinical pilot studies allow the hypothesis that the clearance of subarachnoid blood is facilitated by means of head shaking. A major obstacle for meaningful clinical studies is the lack of data on appropriate parameters of head shaking. Our in vitro study aims to provide these essential parameters.METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A model of the basal cerebral cistern was derived from human magnetic resonance imaging data. Subarachnoid hemorrhage was simulated by addition of dyed experimental blood to transparent experimental cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) filling the model of the basal cerebral cistern. Effects of various head positions and head motion settings (shaking angle amplitudes and shaking frequencies) on blood clearance were investigated using the quantitative dye washout method. Blood washout can be divided into two phases: Blood/CSF mixing and clearance. The major effect of shaking consists in better mixing of blood and CSF thereby increasing clearance rate. Without shaking, blood/CSF mixing and blood clearance in the basal cerebral cistern are hampered by differences in density and viscosity of blood and CSF. Blood clearance increases with decreased shaking frequency and with increased shaking angle amplitude. Head shaking facilitates clearance by varying the direction of gravitational force.CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: From this in vitro study can be inferred that patient or head shaking with large shaking angles at low frequency is a promising therapeutic strategy to increase blood clearance from the subarachnoid space.
|
['Adult', 'Cerebrospinal Fluid', 'Gravitation', 'Head', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Models, Biological', 'Motion', 'Phantoms, Imaging', 'Radiography', 'Subarachnoid Hemorrhage']
| 22,870,243
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A12.207.270.210'], ['G01.060.350'], ['A01.456'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G01.482'], ['E07.671'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['C10.228.140.300.535.800', 'C14.907.253.573.800', 'C23.550.414.913.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[PSA change and morbidity of prostate cancer after dietary intervention of low-fat and high-soybean-protein diet for patients with high serum PSA level].
|
A total of 164 patients with a high serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level were enrolled in a supervised program of dietary intervention with a low-fat and high-soybean-protein diet. The primary endpoints were the evaluation of PSA change and morbidity of prostate cancer in this population. In the evaluable cases, the average serum PSA level had decreased 0.5 ng/ml after 3 months, 0.3 ng/ml after 6 months, and increased 0.1 ng/ml after 1 year. The change after 3 months was statistically significant (p=0.018, paired t-test). The average PSA doubling time was 444 months. During this study period, 9 of the patients developed prostate cancer. These findings indicate that this dietary intervention method was temporarily able to decrease serum PSA level, and indicates the possibility of prevention of prostate cancer by dietary intervention. However, more detailed analysis is necessary to determine why PSA did not keep decreasing.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Diet', 'Dietary Fats', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prostate-Specific Antigen', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Soybean Proteins']
| 15,682,855
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['D10.212.302', 'G07.203.300.375', 'J02.500.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.442.750', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.442.750', 'D12.776.866.249.500', 'D23.050.285.625', 'D23.101.140.625'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['D12.776.765.741', 'G07.203.300.428.920.750', 'G07.203.300.850.450.500.750', 'J02.500.428.920.750', 'J02.500.850.800.500.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The induction of supernumerary ribs in rodents: role of the maternal stress.
|
Increased incidences of supernumerary ribs (SNR) are a relatively common finding in standard teratology bioassays, and previous studies have indicated a possible correlation between their occurrence and general maternal stress. The present study describes the effects of immobilization stress on the induction of supernumerary ribs. To isolate the sensitive period of SNR induction, Sprague-Dawley rats and CD-1 mice were treated with 300 and 1,500 mg/kg, respectively, of sodium salicylate on single days 7-11 of gestation. In the rat, day 10 was found to be the sensitive period of lumbar rib induction (32% SNR vs 10% on other days) while day 9 was critical in the mouse (71% SNR vs less than 29% on other days). In a second set of experiments, maternal stress was accomplished by restraining two groups of gravid females in the supine position for 12 hours on the predetermined sensitive day. One group was immobilized from 9 am to 9 pm, while the second group was restrained from 9 pm to 9 am. Concurrent controls were food and water deprived for similar periods. Additional untreated controls were also included. An increase in supernumerary ribs was noted in stressed mice but not in rats. The 9 am to 9 pm mouse group exhibited the highest increase in supernumerary ribs (41%) as well as significant incidences of fused ribs and exencephaly. A significant linear relationship between maternal weight loss during treatment and increases in supernumerary ribs was also noted. Results suggest that for some compounds, supernumerary ribs may be the indirect result of agent-induced, generalized maternal stress in the CD-1 mouse.
|
['Animals', 'Body Weight', 'Female', 'Gestational Age', 'Mice', 'Ossification, Heterotopic', 'Pregnancy', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Restraint, Physical', 'Ribs', 'Stress, Physiological']
| 2,878,507
|
[['B01.050'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['C23.550.751'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['E02.085.700', 'E05.472.760'], ['A02.835.232.570.500'], ['G07.775']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Essential role of Stat6 in IL-4 signalling.
|
Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a pleiotropic lymphokine which plays an important role in the immune system. IL-4 activates two distinct signalling pathways through tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat6, a signal transducer and activator of transcription, and of a 170K protein called 4PS. To investigate the functional role of Stat6 in IL-4 signalling, we generated mice deficient in Stat6 by gene targeting. We report here that in the mutant mice, expression of CD23 and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II in resting B cells was not enhanced in response to IL-4. IL-4 induced B-cell proliferation costimulated by anti-IgM antibody was abolished. The T-cell proliferative response was also notably reduced. Furthermore, production of Th2 cytokines from T cells as well as IgE and IgG1 responses after nematode infection were profoundly reduced. These findings agreed with those obtained in IL-4 deficient mice or using antibodies to IL-4 and the IL-4 receptor. We conclude that Stat6 plays a central role in exerting IL-4 mediated biological responses.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Helminth', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Cell Line', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytokines', 'Gene Targeting', 'Histocompatibility Antigens Class II', 'Immunoglobulin A', 'Immunoglobulin Class Switching', 'Immunoglobulin E', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Interleukin-4', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Mice', 'Nippostrongylus', 'Receptors, IgE', 'STAT6 Transcription Factor', 'Signal Transduction', 'Spleen', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer', 'Trans-Activators']
| 8,602,263
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.185', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.185', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.185'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['E05.393.335'], ['D12.776.395.550.509', 'D12.776.543.550.440', 'D23.050.301.500.400', 'D23.050.705.552.410'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.026', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.026', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.026'], ['G05.344.401.501.450', 'G12.500.274.501.450'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.312', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.312', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.312'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.186', 'D12.776.467.374.465.178', 'D23.529.374.465.186'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.400.968.400.575'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.871.280'], ['D12.644.360.024.342.600', 'D12.776.157.057.186.600', 'D12.776.476.024.430.600', 'D12.776.930.840.600'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.400', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.400', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.400', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.400', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.400', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.400', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.400', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.400', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.400'], ['D12.776.260.755', 'D12.776.930.900', 'D12.776.964.925.984']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Photosensitization after intramuscular injections of hematoporphyrin. 3 cases].
|
Haematoporphyrin is a synthetic porphyrin the photosensitizing properties of which are used for the detection and treatment of some neoplasias. Three cases of phototoxicity from Hemedonine, an "anti-asthenia" drug composed of pure haematoporphyrin, are reported. Following exposure to the sun, painful urticarial plaques developed at the sites of intramuscular injections, and spread to the lumbar and abdominal regions, leaving a brownish pigmentation which persisted for years. Photobiological exploration was performed in one of these patients, demonstrating photosensitivity to Hemedonine in vivo and showing that long UVA rays were essentially responsible for the lesions. Histological examination elicited the initial vascular changes of a phototoxic reaction and suggested a new mechanism of photosensitization: "photo-induced immune vasculitis". The phototoxic effects of haematoporphyrin are primarily due to the destruction of intracellular organelles consecutive to oxidative denaturation of membrane systems. The initial phase of the phototoxic reaction might consist of complement activation and degranulation of dermal mast cells.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Hematoporphyrins', 'Humans', 'Injections, Intramuscular', 'Middle Aged', 'Photosensitivity Disorders']
| 3,619,300
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.500.462', 'D03.633.400.909.500.462', 'D04.345.783.500.462', 'D23.767.727.462'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.460'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C17.800.600']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Glycolipids and their developmental patterns in chick thigh and leg muscles.
|
Five major gangliosides and two major neutral glycolipids were isolated from chick thigh and leg muscles using Unisil column chromatography and preparative thin-layer chromatography. They were identified by gas-liquid chromatography as GD3, GM3, and N-acetyl glucosamine-containing mono- and disialogangliosides. Two major neutral glycolipids were found and identified as monogalactosylceramide and digalactosylceramide. The quantification of each ganglioside by thin-layer chromatography was done using a direct densitometric method, and the pattern of changes of glycolipids during development was investigated. In the embryonic period, GD3 was the predominant ganglioside. GD3 and the N-acetylglucosamine-containing disialoganglioside decreased; GM3 increased during embryonic life and became the major post-natal ganglioside. The two neutral glycolipids also increased rapidly after hatching.
|
['Animals', 'Chick Embryo', 'Chickens', 'Extremities', 'Gangliosides', 'Glycolipids', 'Muscle Development', 'Muscles']
| 7,057,112
|
[['B01.050'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['A01.378'], ['D09.400.410.420.025.475', 'D10.390.470.025.475', 'D10.570.877.360.025.475'], ['D09.400.410', 'D10.390'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.590', 'G11.427.578.590'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The effect of capsaicin on the adenylate cyclase activity of rat brain.
|
The effect of capsaicin on the adenylate cyclase activity in different regions of the rat brain (preoptic area of the hypothalamus, cerebral cortex and cerebellum) was investigated. Capsaicin added in vitro (10(-7)-10(-5) M) increased the adenylate cyclase activity of different brain regions. Following systemic capsaicin desensitization adenylate cyclase activity was significantly increased in the preoptic area. The enhanced adenylate cyclase activity in the preoptic area was inhibited by the vitro addition of capsaicin or 5-HT, whereas desensitization did not affect the in vitro activating effect of capsaicin in other brain regions (cerebral cortex, cerebellum). It is assumed that the pharmacological effect of capsaicin in the preoptic area is mediated through the activation of adenylate cyclase. Since capsaicin induces irreversible impairment of the function of warmsensitive hypothalamic neurons it is assumed that adenylate cyclase is involved in maintaining normal thermoregulatory functions.
|
['Adenylyl Cyclases', 'Animals', 'Body Temperature Regulation', 'Brain', 'Brain Mapping', 'Capsaicin', 'Cerebellum', 'Drug Interactions', 'Fatty Acids, Unsaturated', 'Male', 'Parietal Lobe', 'Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases', 'Preoptic Area', 'Rats']
| 191,145
|
[['D08.811.520.650.200', 'D12.644.360.050', 'D12.776.476.050'], ['B01.050'], ['G07.110.232', 'G07.410.421', 'G16.012.500.535'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['D02.065.690.500', 'D02.455.326.271.690.222', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.099', 'D03.132.760.200', 'D10.251.355.325.190'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.428.200'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['D10.251.355'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.670'], ['D08.811.277.352.640'], ['A08.186.211.180.497.342.450', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.342.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[On the importance of the reflectory-segmental effects for the combined treatment of knee joint osteoporosis in the patients of advanced age].
|
The present article demonstrates the role of reflectory-segmental effects during baro-laser therapy for the treatment of arthrosis of the knee joints in elderly patients. It has been shown that the additional treatment of the lumbosacral region while applying baro-laser therapy in the patients of the advanced age significantly enhances their functional capabilities including the increase of duration of painless walking and the reduced intensity of the pain syndrome.
|
['Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Knee Joint', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteoporosis', 'Pain', 'Pain Management']
| 27,030,563
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.116.198.579', 'C18.452.104.579'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['E02.745', 'N04.590.607.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Gastroesophageal Reflux Before Metabolic Surgery.
|
Background: Obesity has significantly increased in the last decades and metabolic (bariatric) surgery has been extended accordingly. Clinical manifestations of Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are frequent in the obese population but the presence of GERD premises (i.e. Hiatala hernia) or complications in asymptomatic patients undergoing metabolic surgery is unclear.AIM: (1) to identify gastroesophageal reflux condition or complications in patients undergoing metabolic surgery. (2) Study the correlations of the clinical symptoms of GERD with the preoperative radiological and endoscopic findings. Methods: All the consecutive patients (GERD symptomatic or not) undergoing metabolic surgery in a Bariatric Center of Excellence between December, 2015 and May 2016 were included in a prospective study. A multidisciplinary team evaluated all the patients within the bariatric surgery program. Clinical evaluation, radiological and endoscopic investigations were performed to all the included patients. The patients who previously had anti-reflux or bariatric surgery were excluded. Results: Four-hundred-forty-eight consecutive patients were enrolled into the study. The mean age of patients was 41.04 (+-11.15) years, and 29% of them were men. The mean BMI was 39.96 (+-8.17) kg/m2. Symptoms of GERD were recorded only in 93 of the patients (20.76%) while endoscopic examination revealed esophagitis in 139 (31,03%) patients (107 Grade A, 28 Grade B, 3 Grade C, 1 Grade D. Barrett esophagus was suspected in 5 patients but histologic confirmation (gastric metaplasia) was recorded only in 2 patients (0.44%). Hiatal hernia was revealed by endoscopy and radiology in 119 (26,56%) and 112 patients (25%). 62% of the patients presenting esophagitis (86/139) had no pre-operative symptom of GERD, meaning that a significant number of the asymptomatic patients undergoing metabolic surgery may present consequences of gastro-esophageal reflux. Conclusions: The study demonstrates that GERD is more frequent then expected in asymptomatic obese patients undergoing metabolic surgery. The clinical impact of these findings is important for the proper procedure selection and for a correct evaluation of the postoperative evolution.
|
['Adult', 'Barrett Esophagus', 'Body Mass Index', 'Female', 'Gastroesophageal Reflux', 'Hernia, Hiatal', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity, Morbid', 'Preoperative Care', 'Prospective Studies', 'Romania', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 29,509,536
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C04.834.154', 'C06.405.117.102'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['C06.405.117.119.500.484'], ['C23.300.707.960.500.467'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500.700', 'C23.888.144.699.500.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500.500'], ['E02.760.795', 'E04.604.750', 'N02.421.585.795'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['Z01.542.248.764'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
TNF- á and IFN-s-dependent muscle decay is linked to NF-êB- and STAT-1á-stimulated Atrogin1 and MuRF1 genes in C2C12 myotubes.
|
TNF-á was shown to stimulate mitogenicity in C2C12 myoblasts. Selected cytokines TNF-á, IFNá, or IFNã reduced the expression of myosin heavy chain (MyHC IIa) when given together. Molecular mechanisms of cytokine activities were controlled by NF-êB and JAK/STAT signaling pathways, as metabolic inhibitors, curcumin and AG490, inhibited some of TNF-á and IFNá/IFNã effects. Insulin was hardly antagonistic to TNF-á - and IFNá/IFNã-dependent decrease in MyHC IIa protein expression. Cytokines used individually or together also repressed myogenesis of C2C12 cells. Moreover, TNF-á - and IFNá/IFNã-dependent effects on C2C12 myotubes were associated with increased activity of Atrogin1 and MuRF1 genes, which code ubiquitin ligases. MyHC IIa gene activity was unaltered by cytokines. Inhibition of NF-êB or JAK/STAT with specific metabolic inhibitors decreased activity of Atrogin1 and MuRF1 but not MyHC IIa gene. Overall, these results suggest cooperation between cytokines in the reduction of MyHC IIa protein expression level via NF-êB/JAK/STAT signaling pathways and activation of Atrogin1 and MuRF1 genes as their molecular targets. Insulin cotreatment or pretreatment does not protect against muscle decay induced by examined proinflammatory cytokines.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Survival', 'Curcumin', 'Insulin', 'Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3', 'Interferons', 'Janus Kinases', 'Mice', 'Muscle Fibers, Skeletal', 'Muscle Proteins', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Myosin Heavy Chains', 'NF-kappa B', 'Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex', 'SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases', 'TNF Receptor-Associated Death Domain Protein', 'Tripartite Motif Proteins', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha', 'Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases']
| 24,453,411
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.346'], ['D02.455.326.146.485.222.222', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.200', 'D02.455.426.559.694.222'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['D12.644.360.024.303', 'D12.776.157.057.061', 'D12.776.260.513', 'D12.776.476.024.386', 'D12.776.930.354'], ['D12.644.276.374.440', 'D12.776.467.374.440', 'D23.529.374.440'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.124', 'D12.776.476.393'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A10.690.552.500.500', 'A11.620.249'], ['D12.776.210.500'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['D05.750.078.730.475.100', 'D08.811.277.040.025.193.750.249', 'D12.776.210.500.600.100', 'D12.776.220.525.475.100'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['D05.500.562.500', 'D08.811.277.656.918', 'D08.811.600.730'], ['D08.811.464.938.750.750'], ['D12.644.360.024.285.600', 'D12.644.360.024.500.249', 'D12.644.360.075.421.600', 'D12.776.157.057.018.600', 'D12.776.157.057.500.249', 'D12.776.476.024.320.775', 'D12.776.476.024.500.249', 'D12.776.476.075.421.600'], ['D12.776.934'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626'], ['D08.811.464.938.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Colonization and risk factors for Brachyspira aalborgi and Brachyspira pilosicoli in humans and dogs on tea estates in Assam, India.
|
The prevalence of colonization with the anaerobic intestinal spirochaetes Brachyspira aalborgi and Brachyspira pilosicoli was investigated in humans (n = 316) and dogs (n = 101) living on three tea estates in Assam, India. Colonization was detected using PCR on DNA from faeces. Nineteen (6%) human faecal samples contained B. aalborgi DNA, 80 (25.3%) contained B. pilosicoli DNA, and 10 (3.2%) contained DNA from both species. One canine sample contained DNA from B. pilosicoli. Significant factors for B. aalborgi colonization in logistic regression were: infection of family members with B. aalborgi (P < 0.001), being a resident of Balipara (P = 0.03), and use of water treatment (P = 0.03). For B. pilosicoli, significant factors were: other family members being positive for B. pilosicoli (P < 0.001), water obtained from a well (P = 0.006), water treatment (P = 0.03), and not having visited a doctor in the previous 12 months (P = 0.03).
|
["Agricultural Workers' Diseases", 'Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Brachyspira', 'Colony Count, Microbial', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Developing Countries', 'Dog Diseases', 'Dogs', 'Feces', 'Humans', 'India', 'Logistic Models', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Population Surveillance', 'Prevalence', 'Residence Characteristics', 'Risk Factors', 'Rural Health', 'Serotyping', 'Spirochaetales Infections', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Tea', 'Water Microbiology']
| 14,979,599
|
[['C24.080'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['B03.440.097', 'B03.440.425.410.220'], ['E01.370.225.875.220', 'E05.200.875.220'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['I01.615.500.300'], ['C22.268'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['A12.459'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['N01.224.791', 'N06.850.505.400.800'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N01.400.548.750'], ['E01.370.225.812.742', 'E01.370.225.875.150.125.890', 'E05.200.812.742', 'E05.200.875.150.125.890', 'E05.478.594.780'], ['C01.150.252.400.794'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['D20.215.784.844', 'G07.203.100.831', 'J02.200.831'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.777', 'N06.850.425.450']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Conditions for highly efficient and reproducible round-window stimulation in humans.
|
Round-window stimulation is a new clinical approach for the application of active middle-ear implants. To investigate factors influencing the efficiency of round-window stimulation, experiments in 6 human temporal bones were performed with different actuator geometries and coupling conditions. The experiments show that the amplitude ratio between stapes and round-window actuator vibration is most efficient when using a 1.0-mm diameter rod with a 30° inclined tip geometry and an attached silicone pad. In this case, the amplitude ratio is 0.34 for frequencies up to 1.5 kHz and 0.27 for frequencies up to 20 kHz, with a standard deviation of only 4-6 dB at most frequencies. The analysis of data presented here and in a companion paper suggests that control of proper round-window membrane pretension as well as the inclined tip geometry are the major requirements for maximal performance.
|
['Acoustic Stimulation', 'Aged', 'Hearing Loss, Mixed Conductive-Sensorineural', 'Humans', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Middle Aged', 'Round Window, Ear', 'Temporal Bone', 'Vibration']
| 22,094,646
|
[['E02.037', 'E02.190.888.030', 'E05.723.136'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C09.218.458.341.849', 'C10.597.751.418.341.849', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.849'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A09.246.300.246.814'], ['A02.835.232.781.885'], ['G01.374.930']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Negative regulation of local hepatocyte growth factor expression by angiotensin II and transforming growth factor-beta in blood vessels: potential role of HGF in cardiovascular disease.
|
Because hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a member of the endothelium-specific growth factors, we hypothesized that HGF may play a role in cardiovascular disease. Therefore we first examined the role of local HGF production in endothelial cell (EC) growth. Addition of anti-HGF antibody to EC resulted in a significant decrease in EC number. Moreover, coculture of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) with EC resulted in an increase in EC number that was completely inhibited by anti-HGF antibody, suggesting that HGF secreted from EC and VSMC regulates EC growth in an autocrine-paracrine manner. Interestingly, transforming growth factor (TGF)-ss significantly decreased HGF secretion from EC, whereas interleukin 6 stimulated immunoreactive HGF secretion. In human VSMC, TGF-ss and angiotensin II suppressed local HGF production in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, anti-TGF-beta antibody resulted in significant but not complete inhibition of the decrease in local HGF production. To further study the regulation of local HGF production, we used a coculture system. Coculture of VSMC with EC resulted in a significant decrease in local HGF secretion. The decrease in local HGF production by coculture was significantly attenuated by anti-TGF-beta antibody, suggesting that inhibition of local HGF production in the coculture system was due to TGF-beta activation. Moreover, a further decrease in local HGF production in the coculture system by angiotensin II was also observed. Finally, we studied the role of angiotensin II in the regulation of the local HGF system in vivo by using a balloon injury rat model. Of importance, local HGF production was significantly decreased in balloon-injured arteries compared with intact vessels, accompanied by a reduction of HGF mRNA. An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (cilazapril) or an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist (E-4177) significantly stimulated local vascular HGF production associated with the inhibition of neointimal formation after balloon injury compared with vehicle. In contrast, hydralazine did not alter local HGF production or neointimal formation despite decreasing blood pressure to a similar level as that in rats treated with cilazapril or E-4177. Overall, local HGF secretion from vascular cells was negatively regulated by TGF-beta and angiotensin II. The present study also demonstrated that blockade of angiotensin II significantly inhibited neointimal formation, accompanied by a significant increase in local vascular HGF production in vivo in the balloon injury model. Given the strong mitogenic activity of HGF on endothelial cells, increased local HGF production by blockade of angiotensin II may enhance reendothelialization after balloon injury. Downregulation of the local vascular HGF system by TGF-beta and vascular angiotensin may play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases.
|
['Angiotensin II', 'Animals', 'Autocrine Communication', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Carotid Arteries', 'Carotid Artery Injuries', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytokines', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Hepatocyte Growth Factor', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred WKY', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta', 'Vasoconstrictor Agents']
| 9,740,609
|
[['D06.472.699.094.078', 'D12.644.400.070.078', 'D12.644.456.073.041', 'D12.644.548.058.078', 'D12.776.631.650.070.078', 'D23.469.050.050.050'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.085.100'], ['C14'], ['A07.015.114.186'], ['C10.228.140.300.200.345', 'C10.228.140.300.350.500', 'C10.900.250.300', 'C14.907.253.123.345', 'C14.907.253.535.500', 'C26.915.200.200'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['D12.644.276.374.420', 'D12.776.467.374.420', 'D23.529.374.420'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.633.570.491', 'A07.015.733.500', 'A10.690.467.491'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.390', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.390'], ['D12.644.276.374.687', 'D12.644.276.954.775', 'D12.776.467.374.687', 'D12.776.467.942.775', 'D23.529.374.687', 'D23.529.942.775'], ['D27.505.954.411.793']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A single mutation confers vanadate resistance to the plasma membrane H+-ATPase from the yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
|
A single-gene nuclear mutant has been selected from the yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe for growth resistance to Dio-9, a plasma membrane H+-ATPase inhibitor. From this mutant, called pma1, an ATPase activity has been purified. It contains a Mr = 100,000 major polypeptide which is phosphorylated by [gamma-32P] ATP. Proton pumping is not impaired since the isolated mutant ATPase is able, in reconstituted proteoliposomes, to quench the fluorescence of the delta pH probe 9-amino-6-chloro-2-methoxy acridine. The isolated mutant ATPase is sensitive to Dio-9 as well as to seven other plasma membrane H+-ATPase inhibitors. The mutant H+-ATPase activity tested in vitro is, however, insensitive to vanadate. Its Km for MgATP is modified and its ATPase specific activity is decreased. The pma1 mutation decreases the rate of extracellular acidification induced by glucose when cells are incubated at pH 4.5 under nongrowing conditions. During growth, the intracellular mutant pH is more acid than the wild type one. The derepression by ammonia starvation of methionine transport is decreased in the mutant. The growth rate of pma1 mutants is reduced in minimal medium compared to rich medium, especially when combined to an auxotrophic mutation. It is concluded that the H+-ATPase activity from yeast plasma membranes controls the intracellular pH as well as the derepression of amino acid, purine, and pyrimidine uptakes. The pma1 mutation modifies several transport properties of the cells including those responsible for the uptake of Dio-9 and other inhibitors (Ulaszewski, S., Coddington, A., and Goffeau, A. (1986) Curr. Genet. 10, 359-364).
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Binding, Competitive', 'Biological Transport', 'Cell Membrane', 'Drug Resistance, Microbial', 'Glucose', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Molecular Weight', 'Mutation', 'Organic Chemicals', 'Proton-Translocating ATPases', 'Protons', 'Saccharomycetales', 'Schizosaccharomyces', 'Uncoupling Agents', 'Vanadates', 'Vanadium']
| 2,878,925
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['E05.196.080', 'G02.111.084', 'G02.111.570.120.309'], ['G03.143'], ['A11.284.149'], ['G06.225', 'G07.690.773.984.269'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['G02.300'], ['G02.494'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D02'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.325', 'D08.811.913.696.650.150.500', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.875.500', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.875.500'], ['D01.248.497.300.459.700', 'D01.268.406.750', 'D01.362.340.750', 'G01.249.660.500'], ['B01.300.107.795'], ['B01.300.107.797', 'B01.300.930.720'], ['D27.505.519.389.936'], ['D01.248.497.158.952', 'D01.960.960'], ['D01.268.556.920', 'D01.268.956.886', 'D01.552.544.920']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Thrombotic microangiopathies: thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura / hemolytic uremic syndrome.
|
Thrombotic microangiopathies (TMAs) are pathological conditions characterized by generalized microvascular occlusion by platelet thrombi, thrombocytopenia, and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. Two typical phenotypes of TMAs are hemolytic- uremic syndrome (HUS) and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). Other disorders occasionally present with similar manifestations. Depending on whether renal or brain lesions prevail, two pathologically indistinguishable but somehow clinically different disorders have been described: HUS and TTP. Injury to the endothelial cell is the central and likely inciting factor in the sequence of events leading to TMA. Loss of physiological thromboresistance, leukocyte adhesion to damaged endothelium, complement consumption, abnormal von Willebrand factor release and fragmentation, and increased vascular shear stress may then sustain and amplify the microangiopathic process. Intrinsic abnormalities of the complement system and of the von Willebrand factor pathway may account for a genetic predisposition to the disease that may play a paramount role in particular in familial and recurrent forms. In the case of diarrhea-associated HUS (D+HUS), renal endothelial damage is mediated (at least in large part) by the bacterial agent Shigatoxin (Stx), which is actually a family of toxins elaborated by certain strains of Escherichia coli and Shigella dysenteriae. Outcome is usually good in childhood, Shiga toxin-associated HUS, whereas renal and neurological sequelae are more frequently reported in adult, atypical, and familial forms of HUS and in TTP. Recent studies have demonstrated that deficiency in the von Willebrand factor cleaving protease ADAMTS13, due to deficiency of ADAMTS13 can be genetic or more common, acquired, resulting from autoimmune production of inhibitory anti-ADAMTS13 antibodies, that causes TTP. During the last decade, atypical HUS (aHUS) has been demonstrated to be a disorder of the complement alternative pathway dysregulation, as there is a growing list of mutations and polymorphisms in the genes encoding the complement regulatory proteins that alone or in combination may lead to aHUS. Approximately 60% of aHUS patients have so-called 'loss-of-function' mutations in the genes encoding the complement regulatory proteins, which normally protect host cells from complement activation: complement factor H (CFH), factor I (CFI) and membrane cofactor protein (MCP or CD46), or have 'gain-of-function' mutations in the genes encoding the complement factor B or C3. In addition, approximately 10% of aHUS patients have a functional CFH deficiency due to anti-CFH antibodies. Although TMAs are highly heterogeneous pathological conditions, one-third of TMA patients have severe deficiency of ADAMTS13. Platelet transfusions are contraindicated. Plasma infusion or exchange (PE) is the only treatment of proven efficacy.
|
['Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome', 'Humans', 'Inflammation', 'Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic']
| 21,103,695
|
[['C12.777.419.936.463', 'C13.351.968.419.936.463', 'C15.378.071.141.610', 'C15.378.140.855.925.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.470'], ['C15.378.100.802.687.680', 'C15.378.140.855.925.750.680', 'C15.378.925.850', 'C23.550.414.950.687.680', 'C23.888.885.687.687.680']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Therapeutic effect of propolis and paclitaxel on hepatic phase I and II enzymes and marker enzymes in dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced breast cancer in female rats.
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Propolis, a natural beehive product has been known for centuries for a variety of beneficial traditional medicinal properties. The present study was conducted to ascertain the antineoplastic potential of propolis along with paclitaxel against experimental mammary carcinogenesis. Female Sprague Dawley rats at 55 days of age were treated with dimethylbenz(a)anthracene to induce breast cancer. Paclitaxel at a dose of 33 mg/kg body mass intraperitoneally and propolis 50 mg/kg body weight orally was administered to the experimental animals, immediately after the carcinogen treatment and continued until the termination of the study. At the end of the treatment activities of phase I and II xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes and liver marker enzymes were measured. A significant increase in carcinogen activating enzymes, cytochrome P(450), cytochrome b(5) and NADPH cytochrome C reductase with concomitant decrease in phase II enzymes, glutathione transferase and UDP-glucuronyl transferase were observed in animals with mammary cancer. Furthermore there was a significant decrease in alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase with a sharp increase in alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase and 5' nucleotidase. Propolis treatment caused the activity of these enzymes return to almost normal control levels, indicating the protective effect of propolis against dimethyl benz(a) anthracene induced carcinogenesis. On the basis of the observed results propolis can be considered a promising chemotherapeutic agent and can be administered as an adjuvant with paclitaxel chemotherapy.
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["5'-Nucleotidase", '9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene', 'Acid Phosphatase', 'Alkaline Phosphatase', 'Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System', 'Cytochromes b5', 'Female', 'Liver', 'Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental', 'NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase', 'Paclitaxel', 'Propolis', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Transferases']
| 16,720,105
|
[['D08.811.277.352.650.600.600'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.149.301', 'D04.615.149.301'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.025'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.035'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['D08.244.453', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170', 'D12.776.422.220.453'], ['D08.244.187.500', 'D12.776.422.220.187.500'], ['A03.620'], ['C04.588.531.500', 'C04.619.590', 'E05.598.500.496.843'], ['D08.811.682.608.191.500'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888.777', 'D02.455.849.291.850.777'], ['D05.750.078.840.762', 'D20.215.721.500.762'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D08.811.913']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Associations of mammographic dense and nondense areas and body mass index with risk of breast cancer.
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Mammographic density measurements are associated with risk of breast cancer. Few studies have investigated the concurrent associations of mammographic dense and nondense areas, body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m)(2)), and ages at mammogram and diagnosis with breast cancer risk. We conducted a matched, case-control study nested within the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (cohort recruitment in 1990-1994 and follow-up until 2007) to estimate the associations between these factors and breast cancer risk under alternative causal models. Mammographic dense area was positively associated with risk, and the strength of this association was only slightly influenced by the choice of the causal model (relative risk per 1 standard deviation = 1.50, 95% confidence interval: 1.32, 1.70). Mammographic nondense area was inversely associated with risk under the assumption that fat in the body and fat in the breast cause breast cancer through independent mechanisms (relative risk per 1 standard deviation = 0.75, 95% confidence interval: 0.65, 0.86), whereas it was not associated with risk under the assumption that they are both proxies of adiposity. Knowledge about the biological mechanisms regulating the role played by mammographic nondense area and body fat on breast cancer risk is essential to better estimate their impacts on individual risk.
|
['Body Mass Index', 'Breast', 'Breast Density', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Causality', 'Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Linear Models', 'Mammary Glands, Human', 'Mammography', 'Risk']
| 24,169,466
|
[['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['A01.236'], ['E01.370.600.115.275', 'G07.100.138'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['N05.715.350.200', 'N06.850.490.625'], ['N05.715.350.240', 'N06.850.490.718'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['A01.236.249', 'A10.336.532'], ['E01.370.350.700.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Diabetes on Twitter: A Sentiment Analysis.
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BACKGROUND: Contents published on social media have an impact on individuals and on their decision making. Knowing the sentiment toward diabetes is fundamental to understanding the impact that such information could have on people affected with this health condition and their family members. The objective of this study is to analyze the sentiment expressed in messages on diabetes posted on Twitter.METHOD: Tweets including one of the terms "diabetes," "t1d," and/or "t2d" were extracted for one week using the Twitter standard API. Only the text message and the number of followers of the users were extracted. The sentiment analysis was performed by using SentiStrength.RESULTS: A total of 67 421 tweets were automatically extracted, of those 3.7% specifically referred to T1D; and 6.8% specifically mentioned T2D. One or more emojis were included in 7.0% of the posts. Tweets specifically mentioning T2D and that did not include emojis were significantly more negative than the tweets that included emojis (-2.22 vs -1.48, P < .001). Tweets on T1D and that included emojis were both significantly more positive and also less negative than tweets without emojis (1.71 vs 1.49 and -1.31 vs -1.50, respectively; P < .005). The number of followers had a negative association with positive sentiment strength ( r = -.023, P < .001) and a positive association with negative sentiment ( r = .016, P < .001).CONCLUSION: The use of sentiment analysis techniques on social media could increase our knowledge of how social media impact people with diabetes and their families and could help to improve public health strategies.
|
['Algorithms', 'Data Accuracy', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Emotions', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Information Dissemination', 'Life Style', 'Perception', 'Prejudice', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Social Media']
| 30,453,762
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E05.318.308.028', 'E05.318.370.725.250', 'L01.399.250.202', 'N05.715.360.300.202', 'N05.715.360.325.685.250'], ['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['F01.470'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.143.443'], ['F01.829.458'], ['F02.463.593'], ['F01.145.813.550', 'F01.829.595'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['L01.178.751', 'L01.224.230.110.500.750']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
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Postoperative airway obstruction after airway tumor debulking.
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Postoperative airway obstruction is a relatively common complication after anesthesia, occurring most often after head and neck surgery. We present a case of postoperative airway obstruction in a patient who underwent airway tumor debulking. This case demonstrates that, in high-risk patients, despite the traditional methods of determining eligibility for extubation, postoperative airway obstruction can still occur, and alternative means of extubation should be considered.
|
['Airway Obstruction', 'Atropine', 'Bradycardia', 'Bronchodilator Agents', 'Fiber Optic Technology', 'Hemoptysis', 'Humans', 'Intubation, Intratracheal', 'Laryngeal Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Tracheostomy']
| 16,897,248
|
[['C08.618.846.185'], ['D02.145.074.722.229.199', 'D03.132.760.180.572.199', 'D03.132.889.180.648.199', 'D03.605.084.500.722.229.199', 'D03.605.869.229.199'], ['C14.280.067.319', 'C23.550.073.300'], ['D27.505.696.663.050.110', 'D27.505.954.796.050.100'], ['H01.671.617.249'], ['C08.381.348', 'C23.550.414.896', 'C23.888.852.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.041.500', 'E02.585.578', 'E05.497.578'], ['C04.588.443.665.481', 'C08.360.369', 'C08.785.481', 'C09.400.369', 'C09.647.481'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E02.041.750', 'E04.579.935', 'E04.580.900', 'E04.928.780']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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Early procedure-related adverse events by gender in MADIT-CRT.
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BACKGROUND: Whether gender differences exist in procedure-related adverse events following cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT-D) implantation is unknown. We investigated the type and frequency of procedure-related adverse events among those enrolled in MADIT-CRT and identified clinical predictors for gender-specific events.METHODS: We compared differences in the rate of procedure-related adverse events by gender (444 females and 1,346 males) that occurred ?30 days after the index procedure in the implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and CRT-D groups. Eight types of major adverse events were identified, defined as procedure-related complications deemed potentially life-threatening. Best subset regression analysis (P < 0.10) was performed to identify baseline clinical factors associated with procedure-related adverse events that differed by gender.RESULTS: Women randomized to CRT-D received a greater reduction in the risk of heart failure or death versus men (P < 0.001). Women were twice as likely as men to experience a major procedure-related adverse event (6.3% vs. 2.7%; P < 0.001), including pneumothorax/hemothorax (3% vs. 1%; P < 0.001). Women were more likely to experience a major adverse event related to CRT-D than ICD implantation (7.7% vs. 2.9%; P = 0.018). Clinical predictors of major adverse events in females were smaller body mass index (BMI), elevated blood urea nitrogen, and elevated creatinine. The main predictor for pneumothorax/hemothorax was reduced BMI for women and men.CONCLUSION: Women demonstrate greater clinical benefit from CRT than men but are more likely to experience adverse procedure-related events within the first 30 days after device implantation. A smaller BMI seems to be a major factor associated with pneumothorax/hemothorax in both females and males.
|
['Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy', 'Defibrillators, Implantable', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Sex Distribution', 'Sex Factors', 'Time Factors']
| 24,758,374
|
[['E02.331.200.500'], ['E07.305.250.159.175', 'E07.305.250.319.175', 'E07.695.202.175'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Radiofrequency induced thermotherapy (RFITT) of varicose veins compared to endovenous laser treatment (EVLT): a non-randomized prospective study concentrating on occlusion rates, side-effects and clinical outcome.
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BACKGROUND: Radiofrequency obliteration (RFO) and endovenous laser treatment (EVLT) are established techniques in varicose therapy. A novel bipolar RFO technique - Radiofrequency Induced Thermotherapy (RFITT) - was introduced in 2007. Comparative studies of RFITT and EVLT with one year follow-up are missing.OBJECTIVE: Comparison of RFITT with EVLT concentrating on occlusion, side-effects, and patients' satisfaction in a prospective non-randomized study.METHODS: 133 patients with incompetent GSV or SSV were treated by RFITT (n=66) or EVLT (n=67). Follow-up at days 1, 7, and months 3, 12 included duplex, digital photoplethysmography (DPPG), assessment of VCSS and patients' satisfaction.RESULTS: Both groups were balanced concerning clinical parameters. Occlusion rates were in trend in favour of EVLT (96.9%) vs RFITT (88.9%), p=0.093, at 12 months follow-up. Functional outcome by DPPG (refilling time: 30.8 vs 31.9 sec.), and side-effects were comparable apart from pain in the first postoperative week, which was more frequent in the EVLT group (0 vs 16.4%, p=0.001). Change in VCSS from baseline was advantageous for EVLT (89.9% vs 79.3%, p=0.005). Major complications did not occur. Both techniques provided excellent satisfaction results.CONCLUSION: After one year RFITT is similarly as effective and safe as EVLT treatment of varicose insufficiency, but needs improvement in treatment parameters.
|
['Catheter Ablation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyperthermia, Induced', 'Laser Therapy', 'Male', 'Pain Measurement', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Prospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Varicose Veins']
| 21,914,582
|
[['E02.808.750.500', 'E04.014.760.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.565'], ['E02.594', 'E04.014.520'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C14.907.927']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
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Incisional treatment of obstruction of the female bladder neck.
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Obstruction of the female bladder neck has been treated in 9 cases by endourethral incision of the bladder neck anteriorly through an operating nasal speculum with very satisfactory results which compare very favourably with those of Y-V plastic reconstruction of the bladder neck in 8 similar cases. The advantages of the incisional technique are simplicity of the procedure, shorter operative time and postoperative stay, and absence of the need for blood transfusion; its complication rate is very low and the procedure may be repeated if necessary.
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['Female', 'Humans', 'Methods', 'Surgery, Plastic', 'Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction']
| 697,298
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.581'], ['H02.403.810.788'], ['C12.777.767.700.962', 'C12.777.829.760', 'C13.351.968.767.700.850', 'C13.351.968.829.601']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Analysis of the influence of simulation parameters on biomolecule-linked water networks.
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Advancement of computational molecular dynamics allows rapid calculation of large biomolecular systems in their water surroundings. New approaches of prediction of hydration networks of biomolecular surfaces and complex interfaces are also based on molecular dynamics (MD). Calculations with explicit solvent models can trace thousands of water molecules individually on a real time scale, yielding information on their mobility, and predicting their networking with biomolecular solutes and other water partners. Here, we investigate the effect of key parameters of molecular dynamics simulations on the quality of such predictions. Accordingly, systematic scans on temperature, pressure, force field, explicit water model and thermodynamic ensemble are performed. Explanations of optimal parameter values are provided using structural examples and analyses of the corresponding hydration networks.
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['Biomarkers', 'Deuterium Oxide', 'Ligands', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Molecular Dynamics Simulation', 'Proteins', 'Solutions', 'Temperature', 'Water']
| 29,729,648
|
[['D23.101'], ['D01.045.250.875.200', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650.200', 'D01.268.406.500.250', 'D01.362.340.500.250'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['E05.599.595.500', 'G02.111.570.895', 'L01.224.160.500'], ['D12.776'], ['D26.776'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
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Influence of body composition on bone mass in children and adolescents.
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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of body composition on bone mass in children and adolescents.METHODS: A cross-sectional study with 267 healthy students of both sexes (141 males and 126 females) aged 8 to 18 years. Weight, height, body mass index, lean mass, fat mass, fat mass index, body fat percentage, waist and hip circumferences, and waist-to-hip ratio were evaluated. Bone mass was assessed using ultrasound of hand phalanges (DBM Sonic BP IGEA, Carpi, Italy).RESULTS: Females showed greater bone mass in relation to males with advances in age and pubertal stage. In both sexes, the bone mass showed significant and positive correlations with age, weight, height, body mass index, lean mass, waist and hip circumferences; and negative correlations with waist-to-hip ratio. In females, there was also a positive correlation with fat mass, fat mass index, and body fat percentage. Age and lean mass were predictors for bone mass in males, and age, pubertal stage and fat mass index were predictors in females.CONCLUSION: The correlation between bone mass and body composition occurred in both sexes, with lean mass and fat mass index being the predictor of bone mass in males and females, respectively.
|
['Adolescent', 'Age Factors', 'Body Composition', 'Body Mass Index', 'Bone Density', 'Brazil', 'Child', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Finger Phalanges', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Puberty', 'Sex Factors', 'Ultrasonography']
| 22,249,546
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['G02.111.130', 'G03.180', 'G07.100.049'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['G11.427.100'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['A02.835.232.087.319.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.760', 'G08.686.841.374'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Treatment of Secondary Osteonecrosis of the Knee With Local Debridement and Osteoprogenitor Cell Grafting.
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Secondary osteonecrosis of the knee (SOK) affects young individuals with chronic diseases and corticosteroid use. We report a series of young patients in whom the osteonecrotic lesion was openly debrided, and concentrated bone marrow osteoprogenitor cells (OPCs) harvested from the iliac crest were placed in the defect. Twelve patients (fourteen knees) have undergone debridement and grafting of distal femoral osteonecrotic lesions. Age at surgery averaged 23 years. Follow-up averaged 5 years. None of the patients have undergone further surgery, or were taking medications for ipsilateral knee pain. Knee Society Score and Knee Function Score averaged 87 and 85 respectively. The technique of open debridement and osteoprogenitor cell grafting for SOK is relatively simple, efficacious, has low morbidity, and does not preclude future interventions.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adrenal Cortex Hormones', 'Adult', 'Bone Marrow Transplantation', 'Bone Transplantation', 'Debridement', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Ilium', 'Knee Joint', 'Male', 'Osteonecrosis', 'Radiography', 'Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 26,067,706
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D06.472.040'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E02.095.147.725.040', 'E04.936.580.040'], ['E02.095.147.725.052', 'E04.555.130', 'E04.936.580.052'], ['E04.176'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.043.825.434'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['C05.116.852', 'C23.550.717.732'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E02.095.147.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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A piece of wood in the hand diagnosed by ultrasonography.
|
A piece of wood in the hand of an 11-year-old girl was not visible on radiographs, but was diagnosed by ultrasonography. Ultrasonography is useful for disclosing radiographically silent foreign bodies.
|
['Child', 'Female', 'Foreign Bodies', 'Hand', 'Humans', 'Ultrasonography', 'Wood']
| 3,048,040
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['C26.392'], ['A01.378.800.667'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.850'], ['A18.450.500.500', 'J01.637.241.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Enhancement of the antimycobacterial activity of macrophages by ajoene.
|
Ajoene, a garlic-derived sulfur-containing compound, has broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. To assess the potential of ajoene for treating tuberculosis (TB), we determined whether it induces the stress response of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which plays an important role in TB. We showed that ajoene stimulation induced the production of ER stress sensor molecules and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Ajoene-induced ROS production was dependent on c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation. Interestingly, the inhibition of JNK activity and suppression of ROS production reduced ajoene-induced CHOP production in macrophages. Because ER stress activates autophagy, the activation of which suppresses the growth of mycobacteria, we investigated the ajoene-induced production of autophagy-related factors, including LC3-II, P62 and Beclin-1. As expected, ajoene treatment increased the levels of these factors in RAW 264.7 cells. Remarkably, the total amount of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) H37Rv was significantly reduced in ajoene-treated RAW 264.7 cells. The treatment of macrophages with ajoene resulted in the activation of JNK, induction of ROS synthesis and accumulation of ROS, possibly leading to the activation of ER stress and autophagy. These results reveal the mechanism of the antimycobacterial effects of ajoene against Mtb H37Rv. Our findings might facilitate the development of novel therapies for patients with TB.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Autophagy', 'Cell Line', 'Disulfides', 'Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress', 'Humans', 'MAP Kinase Signaling System', 'Macrophages', 'Mice', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis', 'RAW 264.7 Cells', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Sulfoxides']
| 29,239,661
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['G04.011'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D01.248.497.158.874.390', 'D01.875.350.850.150', 'D02.886.520.150'], ['G04.434'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.820.560', 'G03.493.560', 'G04.835.560'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567', 'D12.644.360.450', 'D12.776.476.450'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.702', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.702'], ['A11.251.210.172.875', 'A11.733.397.815'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['D02.886.640']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Isolation and characterization of jararaca GPIb-BP, a snake venom antagonist specific to platelet glycoprotein Ib.
|
A platelet glycoprotein Ib-binding protein (GPIb-BP) was isolated from the snake venom of Bothrops jararaca. Jararaca GPIb-BP showed a single band with M(r) of 30,000, and two distinct bands with M(r) of 17,000/13,000 under non-reducing and reducing conditions, respectively, on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Jararaca GPIb-BP itself induced neither platelet aggregation nor serotonin release from platelets, but specifically bound to GPIb (40,629 +/- 2,521 molecules per normal platelet, with Kd 39.1 +/- 2.4 nM at saturation). The purified venom protein completely inhibited ristocetin- or botrocetin-induced von Willebrand factor (vWF) binding, and blocked the bovine vWF binding to GPIb, with IC50 values ranging from 28 to 42 nM, without affecting the platelet aggregation induced by ADP or alpha-thrombin. 125I-jararaca GPIb-BP binding to GPIb was not altered by the presence of human alpha-thrombin. Jararaca GPIb-BP at a final concentration of 104 nM totally abolished vWF-dependent shear-induced platelet aggregation (SIPA) at a high shear stress, but had no effect on SIPA at a low shear stress. Reduced and S-carboxyamido-methylated jararaca GPIb-BP lost its inhibitory activity on SIPA. The NH2-terminal amino acid sequences of the subunits revealed a high degree of homology with those of several Ca(2+)-dependent lectins, especially to those of two functionally opposite venom proteins, botrocetin (a vWF-modulator) and alboaggregin-B (a GPIb-modulator).
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Bothrops', 'Cattle', 'Consensus Sequence', 'Crotalid Venoms', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Molecular Weight', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors', 'Platelet Glycoprotein GPIb-IX Complex', 'Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Protein Binding', 'Receptors, Cell Surface', 'Ristocetin', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'von Willebrand Factor']
| 8,585,016
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.833.672.125.937.240.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['G02.111.570.580.175'], ['D20.888.850.960.200', 'D23.946.833.850.960.200'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.494'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D27.505.954.502.780'], ['D12.776.395.550.625.460', 'D12.776.543.550.625.460', 'D12.776.543.750.705.675.568'], ['D12.776.395.550.625', 'D12.776.543.550.625', 'D12.776.543.750.705.675'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776.543.750'], ['D09.400.420.800', 'D12.644.233.697'], ['E05.393.751'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['D12.776.124.125.920', 'D23.119.985']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Glucocorticoid-mediated repression of nuclear factor-kappaB-dependent transcription involves direct interference with transactivation.
|
Glucocorticoids exert multiple anti-inflammatory activities, one of which is the inhibition of transcription dependent on the nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB. It has been suggested that the effect of dexamethasone (DEX), a glucocorticoid analog, is attributed to an increased production of the inhibitory IkappaB molecule, which in turn would bind and remove activated, DNA-bound NF-kappaB complexes in the cell nucleus. Upon investigating DEX-mediated repression of interleukin-6 expression induced by tumor necrosis factor, DEX treatment was found to act directly on NF-kappaB-dependent transcription, without changing the expression level of IkappaB. Neither the mRNA of IkappaB nor the protein was significantly elevated by a combined treatment with tumor necrosis factor and DEX of murine endothelial or fibroblast cells. The DNA-binding activity of induced NF-kappaB also remained unchanged after stimulation of cells with DEX. Evidence for a direct nuclear mechanism of action was obtained by analysis of cell lines stably expressing a fusion protein between the DNA-binding domain of the yeast Gal4 protein and the transactivating p65 subunit of NF-kappaB. Expression of a Gal4-dependent luciferase reporter gene activated by this nuclear fusion protein was also strongly repressed after addition of DEX. Because the DNA-binding activity of the Gal4 fusion protein was not affected by DEX, it can be concluded that the reduction of gene activation was caused by interference of the activated glucocorticoid receptor with the transactivation potential of the NF-kappaB p65 subunit.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Line', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Dexamethasone', 'Down-Regulation', 'Genes, Reporter', 'Glucocorticoids', 'I-kappa B Proteins', 'Interleukin-6', 'Mice', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha', 'NF-kappa B', 'Oligodeoxyribonucleotides', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Transcriptional Activation', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 9,391,055
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D12.776.260'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.344', 'D04.210.500.908.238'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['D06.472.040.543', 'D27.505.696.399.472.488'], ['D12.644.360.365', 'D12.776.260.420', 'D12.776.476.381', 'D12.776.930.326'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['D12.644.360.365.500', 'D12.776.260.420.500', 'D12.776.476.381.500', 'D12.776.930.326.500'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['D13.695.578.424.450'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['G05.308.800'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Oral care in older adults with dementia: challenges and approaches.
|
Multiple factors impact the successful provision of oral care in America's nursing homes. After reviewing the importance of oral care in general, the article focuses on the unique challenges of providing oral care to older adults with dementia and explores elements of a comprehensive approach to oral care. The article concludes with emerging evidence-based practices to improve oral care among older adults with dementia in America's nursing homes.
|
['Aged', 'Creativity', 'Dementia', 'Evidence-Based Practice', 'Humans', 'Oral Hygiene']
| 22,800,402
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.752.264', 'F02.463.785.302'], ['C10.228.140.380', 'F03.615.400'], ['H02.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.547.600', 'E06.761.726']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Hydrophobic benzoic acids as inhibitors of influenza neuraminidase.
|
Neuraminidase (NA) plays a critical role in the life cycle of influenza virus and is a target for new therapeutic agents. A new benzoic acid inhibitor (11) containing a lipophilic side chain at C-3 and a guanidine at C-5 was synthesized. The X-ray structure of 4-(N-acetylamino)-5-guanidino-3-(3-pentyloxy)benzoic acid in complex with NA revealed that the lipophilic side chain binds in a newly created hydrophobic pocket formed by the movement of Glu 278 to interact with Arg 226, whereas the guanidine of 11 interacts in a negatively charged pocket created by Asp 152, Glu 120 and Glu 229. Compound 11 was highly selective for type A (H2N2) influenza NA (IC50 1 microM) over type B (B/Lee/40) influenza NA (IC50 500 microM).
|
['Antiviral Agents', 'Benzoates', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Models, Molecular', 'Neuraminidase', 'Orthomyxoviridae', 'Protein Conformation']
| 10,632,058
|
[['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['D02.241.223.100', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['E05.599.595'], ['D08.811.277.450.692'], ['B04.820.480.968'], ['G02.111.570.820.709']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A regression analysis of filler particle content to predict composite wear.
|
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: It has been hypothesized that composite wear is correlated to filler particle content. There is a paucity of research to substantiate this theory despite numerous projects evaluating the correlation.PURPOSE OF STUDY: The purpose of this study was to determine whether a linear relationship existed between composite wear and filler particle content of 12 composites.MATERIAL AND METHODS: In vivo wear data had been previously collected for the 12 composites and served as basis for this study. Scanning electron microscopy and backscatter electron imaging were combined with digital imaging analysis to develop "profile maps" of the filler particle composition of the composites. These profile maps included eight parameters: (1) total number of filler particles/28742.6 microns2, (2) percent of area occupied by all of the filler particles, (3) mean filler particle size, (4) percent of area occupied by the matrix, (5) percent of area occupied by filler particles, r (radius) 1.0 < or = micron, (6) percent of area occupied by filler particles, r = 1.0 < or = 4.5 microns, (7) percent of area occupied by filler particles, r = 4.5 < or = 10 microns, and (8) percent of area occupied by filler particles, r > 10 microns. Forward stepwise regression analyses were used with composite wear as the dependent variable and the eight parameters as independent variables.RESULTS: The results revealed a linear relationship between composite wear and the filler particle content.CONCLUSION: A mathematical formula was developed to predict composite wear.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Composite Resins', 'Dental Restoration Wear', 'Electron Probe Microanalysis', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Particle Size', 'Regression Analysis', 'Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted']
| 9,029,467
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D05.750.716.822.308', 'D25.339.816.500', 'D25.720.716.822.308', 'J01.637.051.339.816.500', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.308'], ['E06.780.346.737.125'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.250', 'E05.196.867.800.360', 'E05.595.402.250', 'E05.799.830.360'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['G02.712'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['L01.224.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Bacterial colonization factors control specificity and stability of the gut microbiota.
|
Mammals harbour a complex gut microbiome, comprising bacteria that confer immunological, metabolic and neurological benefits. Despite advances in sequence-based microbial profiling and myriad studies defining microbiome composition during health and disease, little is known about the molecular processes used by symbiotic bacteria to stably colonize the gastrointestinal tract. We sought to define how mammals assemble and maintain the Bacteroides, one of the most numerically prominent genera of the human microbiome. Here we find that, whereas the gut normally contains hundreds of bacterial species, germ-free mice mono-associated with a single Bacteroides species are resistant to colonization by the same, but not different, species. To identify bacterial mechanisms for species-specific saturable colonization, we devised an in vivo genetic screen and discovered a unique class of polysaccharide utilization loci that is conserved among intestinal Bacteroides. We named this genetic locus the commensal colonization factors (ccf). Deletion of the ccf genes in the model symbiont, Bacteroides fragilis, results in colonization defects in mice and reduced horizontal transmission. The ccf genes of B. fragilis are upregulated during gut colonization, preferentially at the colonic surface. When we visualize microbial biogeography within the colon, B. fragilis penetrates the colonic mucus and resides deep within crypt channels, whereas ccf mutants are defective in crypt association. Notably, the CCF system is required for B. fragilis colonization following microbiome disruption with Citrobacter rodentium infection or antibiotic treatment, suggesting that the niche within colonic crypts represents a reservoir for bacteria to maintain long-term colonization. These findings reveal that intestinal Bacteroides have evolved species-specific physical interactions with the host that mediate stable and resilient gut colonization, and the CCF system represents a novel molecular mechanism for symbiosis.
|
['Animals', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Bacteroides', 'Bacteroides fragilis', 'Colon', 'Conserved Sequence', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Female', 'Gastrointestinal Tract', 'Gene Deletion', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Germ-Free Life', 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'Male', 'Metagenome', 'Mice', 'Polysaccharides', 'Species Specificity', 'Symbiosis']
| 23,955,152
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.097'], ['B03.440.080.094.152', 'B03.440.425.410.194.152'], ['B03.440.080.094.152.400', 'B03.440.425.410.194.152.400'], ['A03.556.124.526.356', 'A03.556.249.249.356'], ['G02.111.570.580'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['A03.556'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['G06.320'], ['A03.556.124.369', 'A10.615.550.444'], ['G05.360.340.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D09.698'], ['G16.824'], ['G06.550.800', 'G16.840']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Perioperative diagnosis of cystosarcoma phyllodes of the breast may be enhanced by MIB-1 index.
|
BACKGROUND: The recurring theme in cystosarcoma phyllodes (CSP) is one of underdiagnosis by pathologists and undertreatment by surgeons. Major areas of investigation relating to the diagnosis of CSP center on accurate preoperative diagnosis, elucidating the relevance of histological classification with respect to outcome, and identifying novel markers to reliably differentiate CSP from fibroadenoma (FA).MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen CSP and 7 cellular FA controls (where the preoperative diagnosis was unclear) were retrospectively investigated. Preoperative histological and radiological investigations were reviewed for efficacy. The ability of MIB-1 antibody to differentiate the two fibroepithelial lesions was investigated using immunohistochemical estimation of the MIB-1 index.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Preoperative core biopsy had a sensitivity of 75% but was carried out in only 23% of cases. Fine needle aspiration cytology and radiological assessment were not efficacious in preoperative diagnosis. Proliferative activity (MIB-1 indices) was significantly higher in CSP than in a selected population of FA where there was preoperative diagnostic uncertainty (P < 0.0001). Indices were also able to determine CSP subclassification. This suggests MIB-1 as a constructive adjunctive investigation when evaluating histological features to differentiate CSP from FA in difficult cases.CONCLUSIONS: The use of MIB-1 may increase the sensitivity of preoperative core biopsy diagnosis, offering more effective surgical planning and decreasing immediate reoperation rates.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Biopsy', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Child', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Fibroadenoma', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Ki-67 Antigen', 'Middle Aged', 'Phyllodes Tumor', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 15,522,319
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E01.171'], ['C04.557.450.565.590.595.350', 'C04.557.470.625.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D12.776.660.625.500', 'D23.050.290.500', 'D23.101.140.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.557.450.795.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The RARgamma selective agonist CD437 inhibits gastric cell growth through the mechanism of apoptosis.
|
Retinoids are differentiation-inducing agents that exhibit multiple functions. Their activities are mediated through interaction with nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RAR) and retinoid X receptors (RXR). We have investigated the activities of synthetic retinoids on the growth of five gastric cancer cell lines. The effects of agonists selective for RARalpha, RARbeta and RARgamma (AM580, CD2019 and CD437, respectively) on cell growth were determined, in comparison to all-trans retinoic acid, by measuring total cellular DNA. AM580 and CD2019 had little or no effect on the growth of all five cell lines. In contrast, the RARgamma agonist CD437 inhibited cell growth up to 90-99% in both retinoic acid sensitive and resistant gastric cancer cells at a concentration of 1 microM. The growth suppression caused by CD437 was accompanied by the induction of apoptosis as judged by morphological criteria and DNA ladder formation. However, the extent of CD437-induced growth suppression was not correlated with RARgamma mRNA levels, which indicates that CD437 induces apoptosis in gastric cancer cells via an RARgamma independent pathway.
|
['Amnion', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Apoptosis', 'Benzoates', 'Blotting, Northern', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Size', 'Cells, Cultured', 'DNA Fragmentation', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Humans', 'Naphthalenes', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Receptors, Retinoic Acid', 'Retinoids', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Teratogens', 'Tetrahydronaphthalenes', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 10,374,844
|
[['A10.615.284.277', 'A16.254.750.277'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D02.241.223.100', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127'], ['E05.196.401.095', 'E05.301.300.074', 'E05.601.100'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['G04.325'], ['A11.251'], ['G05.200.230'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638', 'D04.615.638'], ['D12.644.360.075.718', 'D12.776.476.075.718', 'D12.776.624.664.700.169'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.826.701', 'D12.776.930.775'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.495', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700', 'D02.455.849.131.495', 'D23.767.261.700'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['D27.888.569.864'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.960', 'D04.615.638.960'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Environmental determinants of the urinary concentrations of herbicides during pregnancy: the PELAGIE mother-child cohort (France).
|
Herbicides are generally the most extensively used of the pesticides applied to agricultural crops. However, the literature contains little evidence useful in assessing the potential sources of the general population's exposure to herbicides, including by residential proximity to crops. The objective of this study was to take advantage of data from the PELAGIE mother-child cohort to identify the main determinants of the body burden of exposure to the chloroacetanilide and triazine herbicides commonly used on corn crops in Brittany, France, before 2006. Urine samples from a randomly selected subcohort of women in the first trimester of pregnancy (n=579) were assayed for herbicide metabolites. The residential exposure resulting from proximity to corn crops was assessed with satellite-image-based scores combined with meteorological data. Data on diet, drinking tap water (from the public water supply), occupations, and household herbicide use were collected by questionnaires. Herbicides were quantified in 5.3% to 39.7% of urine samples. Alachlor and acetochlor were found most frequently in the urine of women living in rural areas. The presence of dealkylated triazine metabolites in urine samples was positively associated with residential proximity to corn crops (OR=1.38, 95% CI: 1.05-1.80). Urinary metabolites of both atrazine and dealkylated triazine were correlated with tap water consumption (OR=2.94, 1.09-7.90, and OR=1.82, 1.10-3.03, respectively); hydroxylated triazine metabolites were correlated with fish intake (OR=1.48, 1.09-1.99). This study reinforces previous results that suggest that environmental contamination resulting from agricultural activities may contribute to the general population's exposure to herbicides.
|
['Acetamides', 'Adult', 'Animals', 'Atrazine', 'Child', 'Crops, Agricultural', 'Drinking Water', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Female', 'France', 'Herbicides', 'Humans', 'Maternal Exposure', 'Maternal-Fetal Exchange', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Trimester, First', 'Toluidines', 'Triazines', 'Water Supply', 'Zea mays']
| 24,246,238
|
[['D02.065.064', 'D02.241.081.018.110'], ['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['D03.383.931.247'], ['M01.060.406'], ['B01.650.160', 'G07.203.300.300', 'J02.500.300'], ['D01.045.250.875.300', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650.300', 'D01.650.550.925.199', 'G07.203.100.418', 'J02.200.418'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['D27.720.031.700.366', 'D27.888.723.366'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.850.460.350.145'], ['G08.686.784.769.455'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.707.408'], ['D02.092.146.859', 'D02.455.426.559.389.832.559'], ['D03.383.931'], ['J01.293.821.500'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Experiences of the Czech toxicological information centre with ethylene glycol poisoning.
|
The objective was to evaluate the severity of ethylene glycol (EG) intoxications in a 3-year retrospective study of the calls to the Toxicological Information Centre (TIC). Data about clinical course of patients with EG poisoning reported to the TIC in the years 2000-2002 were analysed. They were completed by the data from discharge records from the hospitals and by toxicological analyses. The chi-square test, Student's t-test, Fisher's test and the calculation of linear correlation coefficient were used for statistical analysis. The significance level was set at 0.05. TIC received total 188 calls concerning EG, from which 33 discharge reports were gained. There were 30 males (age 5-74 years) and 3 females (age 10-54 years). The patients ingested 252 ml on average (30-1000 ml); lethal dose (100 ml) was exceeded in 14 patients. Mean time interval from ingestion to admission was 3 hours (3-24 hours), mean length of hospitalisation 6 days (1-76 days). Fourteen patients developed metabolic acidosis, nine unconsciousness, thirteen signs of nephrotoxicity and nine signs of hepatotoxicity. Three patients died. Antidote ethanol was given in 30 patients. Other treatment included haemodialysis (20 cases) and B vitamins (23 cases). Ingested dose and the time interval between ingestion and admission correlated with severity of kidney damage. These data confirm that EG poisoning could seriously threaten the life. Renal parameters were abnormal in 30 % of patients who were discharged from the hospital. Those patients will be followed to evaluate the reversibility of EG toxic kidney damage.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Czech Republic', 'Ethylene Glycol', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Poisoning']
| 16,601,813
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['Z01.542.248.395'], ['D02.033.455.250.268'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C25.723']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
[Simple and totally automatic continuous flow technic for the determination of triglycerides in the blood].
|
The author describes a simple and entirely automatic technique for the estimation of triglycerides in human serum which, in acetic medium, are extracted by a mixture of nonane-isopropanol and saponified. The glycerol is oxidised into formaldehyde which is estimated by fluorimetry after Hantzsch' reaction. Successive stages are discussed together with the precision of the method. The results are in agreement with those obtained by Kessler and Lederer's method.
|
['Autoanalysis', 'Female', 'Fluorometry', 'Glycerol', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Triglycerides']
| 970,697
|
[['E05.059'], ['E05.196.712.516.600'], ['D02.033.800.875.500', 'D09.853.875.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D10.351.801']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The Cu, Mn and Zn concentration of sheep wool: influence of washing procedures, age and colour of matrix.
|
No standard or wholly proven method to determine the trace metal status of human or animal 'hair' yet exists. It is well known that hair-metal concentrations are highly influenced by washing procedures applied before analysis. A novel method to determine the efficiency of washing procedures at removing exogenous contaminants was devised. It was shown that suitability of washing procedures was element-specific and increased sonication time during washing progressively removed more Mn and Zn from sheep wool. The efficiency of exogenous contaminant removal by including sonication during washing was also dependent on the efficiency of procedures under study. The Cu, Mn and Zn concentration, and thus exogenous contaminant level, of sheep wool increased in tandem with its age. Additionally, Cu and Zn concentrations of black wool were significantly higher than white wool: a relationship ascribed to melanins. This investigation shows the necessity to standardise procedures used during analysis of 'hair' fibres, and to assess each washing procedure for each element before performing routine analysis.
|
['Animals', 'Color', 'Copper', 'Manganese', 'Sheep', 'Wool', 'Zinc']
| 19,329,142
|
[['B01.050'], ['G01.590.540.199'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['D01.268.556.484', 'D01.268.956.374', 'D01.552.544.484'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['A13.970', 'A17.360.855'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Exercise-induced ST-segment depression and myocardial ischemia in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: myocardial scintigraphic study].
|
OBJECTIVES: Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) sometimes develop myocardial ischemia during exercise in the absence of coronary lesions. The relationship between myocardial ischemia and ST-segment depression was investigated during exercise testing in patients with HCM.METHODS: Regional hypoperfusion and/or transient left ventricular cavity dilation, a parameter of subendocardial hypoperfusion, were assessed on exercise 99mTc-tetrofosmin myocardial scintigraphy in 42 patients with non-obstructive HCM. The scintigraphic results were further correlated with the ST-segment responses to exercise.RESULTS: Regional hypoperfusion or transient left ventricular cavity dilation were observed in 19 (45%) or 16(38%)patients with HCM, respectively. The incidence of ST-segment depression > or = 0.1 mV during exercise testing was similar in HCM patients with regional hypoperfusion, with transient left ventricular cavity dilation, and without hypoperfusion (42%, 38%, 38%, p = 0.95). Furthermore, exercise-induced ST-segment depression > or = 0.1 mV occurred similarly irrespective of symptoms, exercise tolerance, the degree or the site of hypertrophy, or the presence or absence of resting ST-segment depression.CONCLUSIONS: ST-segment depression during exercise testing was common in patients with HCM, but seems to be an unreliable marker of myocardial ischemia as assessed by exercise scintigraphy.
|
['Aged', 'Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic', 'Electrocardiography', 'Exercise Test', 'Female', 'Heart', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Ischemia', 'Organophosphorus Compounds', 'Organotechnetium Compounds', 'Radionuclide Imaging', 'Radiopharmaceuticals']
| 16,252,566
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.280.238.100', 'C14.280.484.048.750.070.160'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['A07.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647', 'C14.907.585'], ['D02.705'], ['D02.691.825'], ['E01.370.350.710', 'E01.370.384.730'], ['D27.505.259.843', 'D27.505.519.871', 'D27.720.470.410.650']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A novel fine tuning scheme of miR-200c in modulating lung cell redox homeostasis.
|
Oxidative stress induces miR-200c, the predominant microRNA (miRNA) in lung tissues; however, the antioxidant role and biochemistry of such induction have not been clearly defined. Therefore, a lung adenocarcinoma cell line (A549) and a normal lung fibroblast (MRC-5) were used as models to determine the effects of miR-200c expression on lung antioxidant response. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) upregulated miR-200c, whose overexpression exacerbated the decrease in cell proliferation, retarded the progression of cells in the G2/M-phase, and increased oxidative stress upon H2O2 stimulation. The expression of three antioxidant proteins, superoxide dismutase (SOD)-2, haem oxygenase (HO)-1, and sirtuin (SIRT) 1, was reduced upon H2O2 stimulation in miR-200c-overexpressed A549 cells. This phenomenon of increased oxidative stress and antioxidant protein downregulation also occurs simultaneously in miR-200c overexpressed MRC-5 cells. Molecular analysis revealed that miR-200c inhibited the gene expression of HO-1 by directly targeting its 3'-untranslated region. The downregulation of SOD2 and SIRT1 by miR-200c was mediated through zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) pathways, respectively, where knockdown of ZEB2 or ERK5 decreased the expression of SOD2 or SIRT1 in A549 cells. LNA anti-miR-200c transfection in A549 cells inhibited the endogenous miR-200c expression, resulting in increased expressions of antioxidant proteins, reduced oxidative stress and recovered cell proliferation upon H2O2 stimulation. These findings indicate that miR-200c fine-tuned the antioxidant response of the lung cells to oxidative stress through several pathways, and thus this study provides novel information concerning the role of miR-200c in modulating redox homeostasis of lung.
|
["3' Untranslated Regions", 'A549 Cells', 'Cell Cycle', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Fibroblasts', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Heme Oxygenase-1', 'Homeostasis', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'MicroRNAs', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 7', 'Oligonucleotides', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Oxidative Stress', 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'Signal Transduction', 'Sirtuin 1', 'Superoxide Dismutase', 'Zinc Finger E-box Binding Homeobox 2']
| 28,675,952
|
[['D13.444.735.544.875.880', 'D13.444.735.790.878.880', 'G05.360.340.024.220.880.880', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.910.880'], ['A11.251.210.190.080', 'A11.251.860.180.080', 'A11.436.054'], ['G04.144'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A11.329.228'], ['G05.308.370'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.410.500'], ['G07.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.249.937', 'D12.644.360.450.169.937', 'D12.776.476.450.169.937'], ['D13.695.578.424'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D08.811.277.087.520.200.650.100', 'D12.776.476.900.100'], ['D08.811.682.881'], ['D12.776.260.400.883', 'D12.776.260.703.700', 'D12.776.930.780.918']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Interstitial tonicity controls TonEBP expression in the renal medulla.
|
Cells in the hyperosmotic kidney medulla, express a transcriptional activator termed tonicity responsive enhancer binding protein (TonEBP). Genes targeted by TonEBP protect kidney cells from the deleterious effects of hyperosmolality by inducing the expression of organic osmolytes and molecular chaperones, and other genes that mediate urine concentration such as aquaporin-2 and urea transporters. We tested here the effect of hypertonicity and hyperosmotic salt in the renal medullary interstitium on the expression TonEBP. When massive water diuresis was induced in rats the medullary sodium concentrations did not change, neither did TonEBP expression. In these animals the medullary tonicity was unchanged despite the production of dilute urine. On the other hand, treatment with the loop diurectic furosemide resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the medullary sodium concentration causing a reduction in interstitial tonicity. Here, TonEBP expression was blunted in the outer and inner medulla which was due, in part, to decreased mRNA abundance. As expected, the expression of TonEBP target genes in the renal medulla also decreased in response to furosemide. Hence TonEBP expression in the renal medulla is stimulated by interstitial hypertonicity.
|
['Animals', 'Furosemide', 'Kidney Medulla', 'Male', 'NFATC Transcription Factors', 'Osmotic Pressure', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Salts', 'Sodium']
| 19,052,532
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.065.884.725.300', 'D02.092.146.807.300', 'D02.886.590.700.725.300'], ['A05.810.453.466'], ['D12.776.930.608'], ['G01.374.715.578', 'G02.640.249', 'G02.723.661'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D01.786'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Roles and signal pathways of adrenomedullin and adrenotensin in pulmonary remodeling due to left to right shunt in rats].
|
OBJECTIVES: The effect of vascular active peptides on the development of pulmonary remodeling and pulmonary hypertension due to left to right shunt congenital heart diseases is the focus of today's studies. The present study was conducted to investigate the roles of adrenomedullin (ADM) and adrenotensin (ADT) in pulmonary remodeling due to left to right shunt in rat lungs.METHODS: Twenty-one male Wistar rats were divided into two groups randomly. A right common carotid artery to external jugular vein shunt operation was performed on experimental rats (n = 9) to establish a left to right shunt animal model. Meanwhile, the common carotid artery and external jugular vein of the control group rats (n = 12) were just isolated without connection. Twelve weeks later, the mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP), the right ventricle to left ventricle plus septum ratio [weight, RV/(LV + SP)], the percentage of media wall thickness (MT%) were calculated. The distributions and relative protein contents of ADM and ADT in lungs were measured by immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting analysis. The relative gene expression for ADM, ADT, p46-p54 stress-actived protein kinase (SAPK) and p44 extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1 (ERK(1)) were investigated by RT-PCR.RESULTS: The muscular and the tunica intimae layer of pulmonary artery were thicker in experiment group rats than those of control group, and the mPAP increased significantly in shunt group [(27.10 +/- 6.67) mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa)] compared with that in control group [(14.32 +/- 3.14) mm Hg] (t = 5.5507, P < 0.001). The ratios of RV/(LV + SP) and MT% increased significantly in experimental group in contrast to the control group (P < 0.001). ADM and ADT positive granules distributed mainly over vascular smooth muscle cells, and Western blotting and integrated optical density analysis showed that the content of ADM increased in shunt group rats (P < 0.001), however, ADT content decreased (P < 0.001). The mRNA expression of ADM, SAPK and ERK(1) up-regulated in experiment group compared with the control group (P < 0.01, and P < 0.001 respectively), however, the ADT mRNA expression decreased in experimental rats in contrast to the control group (P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: The phenomenon of intramolecular regulation of ADM and ADT, which both derived from proadrenomedullin, existed in the development of pulmonary remodeling and pulmonary hypertension due to left to right shunt. The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signal transduction pathway has been activated in the formation of left to right shunt pulmonary remodeling and pulmonary hypertension, and ADM may slow down the occurrence of pulmonary hypertension through cutting off MAPKs signaling pathway.
|
['Adrenomedullin', 'Airway Remodeling', 'Animals', 'Hypertension, Pulmonary', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Pulmonary Artery', 'Pulmonary Circulation', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Signal Transduction']
| 19,099,830
|
[['D06.472.699.077', 'D12.644.548.017'], ['C23.300.017', 'G09.772.029'], ['B01.050'], ['C08.381.423', 'C14.907.489.556'], ['A04.411'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567', 'D12.644.360.450', 'D12.776.476.450'], ['D12.644.541'], ['A07.015.114.715'], ['G09.330.100.770', 'G09.772.593'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
An acrylamide biosensor based on immobilization of hemoglobin onto multiwalled carbon nanotube/copper nanoparticles/polyaniline hybrid film.
|
A method is described for the construction of a highly sensitive electrochemical biosensor for the detection of acrylamide, based on covalent immobilization of hemoglobin (Hb) onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotube/copper nanoparticle/polyaniline (c-MWCNT/CuNP/PANI) composite electrodeposited onto pencil graphite (PG) electrode. The enzyme electrode was characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The biosensor showed an optimal response at pH 5.5 (0.1 M sodium acetate buffer) and 35 °C when operated at 20 mV s(-1). The biosensor exhibited low detection limit (0.2 nM) with high sensitivity (72.5 ìA/nM/cm(2)), fast response time (<2 s), and wide linear range (5 nM to 75 mM). Analytical recovery of added acrylamide was 95.40 to 97.56%. Within- and between-batch coefficients of variation were 2.35 and 4.50%, respectively. The enzyme electrode was used 120 times over a period of 100 days, when stored at 4 °C.
|
['Acrylamide', 'Aniline Compounds', 'Biosensing Techniques', 'Copper', 'Food Analysis', 'Hemoglobins', 'Humans', 'Membranes, Artificial', 'Metal Nanoparticles', 'Nanotubes, Carbon']
| 23,103,399
|
[['D02.065.122.015', 'D02.241.081.069.094.015'], ['D02.092.146'], ['E05.601.043'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['E05.362', 'J01.576.423.850.100'], ['D12.776.124.400', 'D12.776.422.316.762'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D25.479', 'J01.637.051.479', 'J01.637.087.500'], ['J01.637.512.600.500'], ['D01.268.150.250.500', 'J01.637.512.850.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Neurologic dysfunctions following cardiac surgery.
|
This article has discussed three major categories of neurologic injury following cardiac surgery. The primary pathophysiologic mechanisms for cerebral injury are thought to be related to reperfusion phenomena and neuronal cellular changes, hypoperfusion, and microemboli while on CPB. The type of symptoms the patient manifests range from fatal cerebral injury to more commonly seen episodes of mild, transient confusion. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative risk factors are discussed. The critical care nurse's role in assessing early detection of changes, offering reassurance to both the family and patient, and providing continuity of care are summarized.
|
['Brain Ischemia', 'Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Humans', 'Nursing Assessment', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Risk Factors']
| 1,777,204
|
[['C10.228.140.300.150', 'C14.907.253.092'], ['E04.100.376', 'E04.928.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N04.590.233.508.480'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Modulation of expression of 17-Hydroxylase/17,20 lyase (CYP17) and P450 aromatase (CYP19) by inhibition of MEK1 in a human ovarian granulosa-like tumor cell line.
|
The differential steroid production in the theca and granulosa cells in ovary are resulted from unique enzyme expression profiles. Among them, c-fos, a downstream target of mitogen and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (MEK/ERK) signaling, takes part in this compartment. In this study, we investigated the effect of c-fos on the steady-state levels of CYP17 and CYP19 in human ovarian granulosa-like tumor cell line (KGN) by inhibiting MEK/ERK pathway with PD98059. As a result, our finding demonstrated the distinct distribution patterns of CYP17 and CYP19 in KGN. Moreover, the MEK/ERK pathway functions to inhibit the production of CYP17, while enhance the production of CYP19 in granulosa cells, probably involving a c-fos-dependent mechanism. In conclusion, factors such as c-fos may play a crucial role in the down-regulation of CYP17 and up-regulation of CYP19 in granulosa cells, thereby suppressing androstenedione synthesis.
|
['Androstenedione', 'Aromatase', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Flavonoids', 'Granulosa Cell Tumor', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'MAP Kinase Kinase 1', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos', 'Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase']
| 26,526,982
|
[['D04.210.500.054.079.329', 'D04.210.500.578.502.112', 'D06.472.040.502.112', 'D06.472.334.851.968.875'], ['D08.244.453.489.500', 'D08.244.453.915.099', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.447.500', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.915.099', 'D12.776.422.220.453.489.500', 'D12.776.422.220.453.915.099'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['E01.370.225.500.388', 'E05.200.500.388', 'E05.242.417', 'E05.337.550.200'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450'], ['C04.557.475.750.656', 'C04.588.322.455.398', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705.398', 'C13.351.937.418.685.398', 'C19.344.410.398', 'C19.391.630.705.398'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.565.100', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.200.100', 'D12.644.360.440.100', 'D12.776.476.440.100'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['D12.776.260.108.765', 'D12.776.624.664.700.179', 'D12.776.660.760', 'D12.776.930.127.765'], ['D08.244.453.487.500', 'D08.244.453.915.748', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.444.500', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.915.748', 'D12.776.422.220.453.487.500', 'D12.776.422.220.453.915.748']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A calcified lung tumour and microcytic anaemia in a young woman: partial expression of the Carney triad.
|
The Carney triad is the non-familial addociation of gastric stromal tumours (GISTs), pulmonar chondromas and extra-adrenal paragangliomas. Fewer than 100 cases of the disorder have been reported since its description in 1977. The condition has a predeliction for young women. Most patients exhibit only two of the three components. The tumours tend to be multifocal in the affected organ or system. Herein, we describe the case of a 27-year-old woman with multiple gastric GISTs and a pulmonary chondroma, partial expression of the Carney triad. It is important to be aware of the Carney triad when one of its constituent tumours is found, particularly if the patient is a young woman, so that a search can be made for and surveillance instituted for the other components. Treatment for the gastric tumours (sarcomas) and the paragangliomas (potentially malignant) is surgical. The lung chondromas are benign neoplasms and ordinarily not symptomatic. If a diagnosis of the tumour can be established by biopsy, surgical resection may not be necessary.
|
['Adult', 'Anemia', 'Biopsy', 'Calcinosis', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Radiography, Thoracic']
| 18,697,369
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C15.378.071'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['C18.452.174.130'], ['E01.171'], ['E01.370.372.250.250', 'E01.370.388.250.250.250', 'E04.210.240.250', 'E04.502.250.250.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['E01.370.350.700.730']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Sinus histiocytosis: some radiologic observations.
|
Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy is an unusual disease characterized by prominent lymph node enlargement, especially in the cervical region. The clinical course is benign although prolonged, and no specific treatment is required. The etiology and pathogenesis are unknown. Four cases of sinus histiocytosis are reported, one in association with mediastinal lymph node enlargement and two in patients with orbital enlargement. One other patient had cervical masses. The radiologic features are reviewed to increase awareness of this entity as a cause of lymph node and orbital enlargement.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Lymphadenitis', 'Male', 'Mediastinal Diseases', 'Neck', 'Orbit', 'Paranasal Sinus Diseases', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 107,746
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Edaphic macrofauna in degradation of animal and vegetable residues.
|
The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability to degrade organic matter by edaphic macrofauna (worms), carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio and hydrogenation potential (pH) during the vermicomposting process in different organic residues. The treatments were constituted by organic residues of animal origin (bovine, ovine and equine manure) and vegetable (herb-checkmate and coffee drag), which were conditioned in plastic pots with a capacity of 10 liters, comprising five treatments in a completely randomized experimental design, with five replications. Were inoculated 150 earthworms of the species Eisenia foetida, into each plot. After 87 days, the evaluation of the multiplication of the earthworms was carried out, through its manual count and its cocoons. At the beginning and at the end of the experiment, the samples were submitted to analysis of humidity at 60 °C, pH, volumetric density, chemical analysis of macronutrients and C/N ratio. There was a dominance of worms and cocoons in the process of vermicomposting in the residues of ovine manure and herb-checkmate. The macronutrients (P, K and Mg) and C/N ratio were higher in the vegetal residues, while for N higher values were found in ovine manure and coffee drag treatments, and for Ca higher value among treatments was observed in the coffee drag treatment at the end and the lowest value at initiation. The results obtained in this study demonstrate the importance of the edaphic macrofauna to the vermicomposting process, since it allows more information about its influence on the continuity of soil organic matter decomposition processes.
|
['Animals', 'Biodegradation, Environmental', 'Brazil', 'Carbon', 'Cattle', 'Composting', 'Garbage', 'Horses', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Manure', 'Nitrogen', 'Oligochaeta', 'Sheep, Domestic', 'Soil']
| 31,017,182
|
[['B01.050'], ['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['D01.268.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.700.500', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.200'], ['N06.850.860.510.900.600.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472'], ['G02.300'], ['D20.601'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['B01.050.500.091.657'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791.150'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Cloning and sequencing of a Candida albicans catalase gene and effects of disruption of this gene.
|
Catalase plays a key role as an antioxidant, protecting aerobic organisms from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide, and in some cases has been postulated to be a virulence factor. To help elucidate the function of catalase in Candida albicans, a single C. albicans-derived catalase gene, designated CAT1, was isolated and cloned. Degenerate PCR primers based on highly conserved areas of other fungal catalase genes were used to amplify a 411-bp product from genomic DNA of C. albicans ATCC 10261. By using this product as a probe, catalase clones were isolated from genomic libraries of C. albicans. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed an open reading frame encoding a protein of 487 amino acid residues. Construction of a CAT1-deficient mutant was achieved by using the Ura-blaster technique for sequential disruption of multiple alleles by integrative transformation using URA3 as a selectable marker. Resulting mutants exhibited normal morphology and comparable growth rates of both yeast and mycelial forms. Enzymatic analysis revealed an abundance of catalase in the wild-type strain but decreasing catalase activity in heterozygous mutants and no detectable catalase in a homozygous null mutant. In vitro assays showed the mutant strains to be more sensitive to damage by both neutrophils and concentrations of exogenous peroxide that were sublethal for the parental strain. Compared to the parental strain, the homozygous null mutant strain was far less virulent for mice in an intravenous infection model of disseminated candidiasis. Definitive linkage of CAT1 with virulence would require restoration of activity by reintroduction of the gene into mutants. However, initial results in mice, taken together with the enhanced susceptibility of catalase-deficient hyphae to damage by human neutrophils, suggest that catalase may enhance the pathogenicity of C. albicans.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Blotting, Northern', 'Blotting, Southern', 'Candida albicans', 'Candidiasis', 'Catalase', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Genes, Fungal', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred ICR', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Neutrophils', 'Virulence']
| 9,573,075
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.095', 'E05.301.300.074', 'E05.601.100'], ['E05.196.401.114', 'E05.301.300.087', 'E05.601.150'], ['B01.300.107.795.095.326', 'B01.300.381.147.326', 'B01.300.930.176.326'], ['C01.150.703.160'], ['D08.811.682.732.332'], ['E05.393.220'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.500', 'G05.360.340.358.024.500', 'G05.360.340.358.365.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.510', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.510'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['G06.930']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The estimation of midazolam, a water-soluble benzodiazepine by gas liquid chromatography.
|
A simple, reliable and reproducible method for the estimation of midazolam in plasma samples is described. This involves extraction with benzene and estimation by gas-liquid chromatography using diazepam as the internal standard. Reproducibility was good and the extraction from plasma was 94% efficient.
|
['Benzodiazepines', 'Calibration', 'Chromatography, Gas', 'Diazepam', 'Drug Stability', 'Humans', 'Hypnotics and Sedatives', 'Midazolam']
| 3,161,409
|
[['D03.633.100.079.080'], ['E05.978.155'], ['E05.196.181.349'], ['D03.633.100.079.080.070.216'], ['E05.916.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.277.350', 'D27.505.954.427.210.350'], ['D03.633.100.079.080.575']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
INSIG: a broadly conserved transmembrane chaperone for sterol-sensing domain proteins.
|
INSIGs are proteins that underlie sterol regulation of the mammalian proteins SCAP (SREBP cleavage activating protein) and HMG-CoA reductase (HMGR). The INSIGs perform distinct tasks in the regulation of these effectors: they promote ER retention of SCAP, but ubiquitin-mediated degradation of HMGR. Two questions that arise from the discovery and study of INSIGs are: how do they perform these distinct tasks, and how general are the actions of INSIGs in biology? We now show that the yeast INSIG homologs NSG1 and NSG2 function to control the stability of yeast Hmg2p, the HMGR isozyme that undergoes regulated ubiquitination. Yeast Nsgs inhibit degradation of Hmg2p in a highly specific manner, by directly interacting with the sterol-sensing domain (SSD)-containing transmembrane region. Nsg1p functions naturally to limit degradation of Hmg2p when both proteins are at native levels, indicating a long-standing functional interplay between these two classes of proteins. One way to unify the known, disparate actions of INSIGs is to view them as known adaptations of a chaperone dedicated to SSD-containing client proteins.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Anticholesteremic Agents', 'Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic', 'Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (Phosphorylating)', 'Humans', 'Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases', 'Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors', 'Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Isoenzymes', 'Lovastatin', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Molecular Chaperones', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sterols', 'Tricarboxylic Acids']
| 16,270,032
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.186.071.202', 'D27.505.954.557.500.202'], ['D03.605.084'], ['D08.811.682.657.163.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.682.047.820.150.415'], ['D27.505.519.186.071.202.370', 'D27.505.519.389.370', 'D27.505.954.557.500.202.370'], ['D12.644.360', 'D12.776.476'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.400', 'D04.615.638.400'], ['D12.776.543'], ['D12.776.580'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['E05.393.751'], ['D04.210.500.247.808', 'D10.570.938'], ['D02.241.081.901']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Urine-concentrating defects exacerbate with age in male offspring with a low-nephron endowment.
|
Fetal uninephrectomy (uni-x) in male sheep at 100 days of gestation (term = 150 days) reduces overall nephron endowment without affecting birth weight. Offspring have a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and elevated mean arterial pressure (MAP) at 6 mo of age. This study investigated whether this reduction in renal function was associated with impaired urine-concentrating ability at 6 mo of age and exacerbated with ageing (4 yr) and examined response to 1) nonpressor dose of exogenous arginine vasopressin (AVP; 0.2 ìg·kg(-1)·h(-1) iv) and 2) 30 h of water deprivation. Basal MAP was higher in uni-x animals at both ages, and became further elevated with age compared with the sham group (elevation in MAP with age; sham: ~4 mmHg, uni-x: 9 mmHg, P(group ? age) < 0.01). GFR declined with ageing in both groups with the decrease being greater with age in the uni-x group (further 26%, P(group ? age) < 0.001). In response to AVP infusion, urine osmolality increased in both treatment groups; this response was significantly lower in the uni-x animals and became further reduced with ageing. Uni-x animals had reduced renal expression of vasopressin-2 receptor and aquaporin-2 at both ages (P < 0.01). The increase in plasma AVP levels in response to dehydration was similar between the treatment groups, suggesting the urine-concentrating defect was associated with these renal gene changes rather than defects in AVP secretion. Renal insufficiency due to a low-nephron endowment increases the risk of hypertension and chronic renal disease and may incur greater vulnerability to physiological challenges such as water deprivation as observed in the uni-x animals.
|
['Age Factors', 'Animals', 'Antidiuretic Agents', 'Aquaporin 2', 'Arginine Vasopressin', 'Blood Pressure', 'Dehydration', 'Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'Kidney Concentrating Ability', 'Male', 'Nephrectomy', 'Nephrons', 'Receptors, Vasopressin', 'Sheep']
| 21,921,022
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.696.560.249'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.500.040.437', 'D12.776.543.550.450.730.040.437', 'D12.776.543.585.400.730.040.530'], ['D06.472.699.631.692.781.100', 'D12.644.400.900.100', 'D12.644.456.925.100', 'D12.644.548.691.692.781.100', 'D12.776.631.650.937.100'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['C18.452.950.179', 'C23.550.274'], ['E01.370.390.400.300', 'G08.852.357'], ['G08.852.536'], ['E04.950.774.435'], ['A05.810.453.736'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.910', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.925', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.925', 'D12.776.543.750.750.660.900'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Role of adrenoceptors and cAMP on the catecholamine-induced inhibition of proteolysis in rat skeletal muscle.
|
The role of adrenoceptor subtypes and of cAMP on rat skeletal muscle proteolysis was investigated using a preparation that maintains tissue glycogen stores and metabolic activity for several hours. In both soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles, proteolysis decreased by 15-20% in the presence of equimolar concentrations of epinephrine, isoproterenol, a nonselective beta-agonist, or clenbuterol, a selective beta(2)-agonist. Norepinephrine also reduced proteolysis but less markedly than epinephrine. No change in proteolysis was observed when muscles were incubated with phenylephrine, a nonselective alpha-agonist. The decrease in the rate of protein degradation induced by 10(-4) M epinephrine was prevented by 10(-5) M propranolol, a nonselective beta-antagonist, and by 10(-5) M ICI 118.551, a selective beta(2)-antagonist. The antiproteolytic effect of epinephrine was not inhibited by prazosin or yohimbine (selective alpha(1)-and alpha(2)-antagonists, respectively) or by atenolol, a selective beta(1)-antagonist. Dibutyryl cAMP and isobutylmethylxanthine reduced proteolysis in both soleus and EDL muscles. The data suggest that catecholamines exert an inhibitory control of skeletal muscle proteolysis, probably mediated by beta(2)-adrenoceptors, with the participation of a cAMP-dependent pathway.
|
['1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine', 'Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Adrenergic alpha-Agonists', 'Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists', 'Adrenergic beta-Agonists', 'Adrenergic beta-Antagonists', 'Animals', 'Bucladesine', 'Catecholamines', 'Cyclic AMP', 'Glycogen', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscle Proteins', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Phosphocreatine', 'Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Receptors, Adrenergic']
| 10,950,836
|
[['D03.633.100.759.758.824.751.500'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['D27.505.519.625.050.100.100', 'D27.505.696.577.050.100.100'], ['D27.505.519.625.050.200.100', 'D27.505.696.577.050.200.100'], ['D27.505.519.625.050.100.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.100.200'], ['D27.505.519.625.050.200.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.200.200'], ['B01.050'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.395.250', 'D13.695.462.200.250', 'D13.695.667.138.395.250', 'D13.695.827.068.395.250'], ['D02.092.311', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.395', 'D13.695.462.200', 'D13.695.667.138.395', 'D13.695.827.068.395'], ['D05.750.078.562.388', 'D09.698.365.388'], ['E05.481'], ['G11.427.494'], ['D12.776.210.500'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['D12.125.373.603', 'D12.125.740.675'], ['D27.505.519.389.735'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.300', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.300', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.300']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Suprasellar haemangioblastoma. Report of two cases and review of the literature.
|
We report 2 patients with suprasellar haemangioblastoma (HBL). The first, a 54-year-old man, presented with headache and gradually worsening bilateral visual field defects that had progressed to complete blindness on the right side. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain demonstrated a suprasellar mass. The mass was removed through a pterional craniotomy. The postoperative course was uneventful. He had no stigmata of von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease. After 5 years follow-up, vision in the left eye is normal but the right eye remains blind and MRI reveals no recurrence. The second, a 38-year-old man presented with a 2-month history of severe headaches and complete visual loss in the left eye. He had had surgery for excision of a cerebellar HBL, 5 years prior to this presentation. CT and MRI revealed a residual mass in the posterior fossa and a new suprasellar mass. He underwent craniotomy and subtotal excision of the suprasellar tumour. The histological diagnosis was HBL in both patients. HBL in the sellar and suprasellar region are rare and may be sporadic or occur in association with VHL disease. The literature is reviewed and diagnosis and treatment options discussed.
|
['Adult', 'Blindness', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Headache', 'Hemangioblastoma', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neurosurgical Procedures', 'Paraffin Embedding', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Vision Disorders', 'Visual Fields', 'von Hippel-Lindau Disease']
| 15,639,422
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C10.597.751.941.162', 'C11.966.075', 'C23.888.592.763.941.162'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['C23.888.592.612.441'], ['C04.557.645.375.380.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.525'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.440.610', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.440.610', 'E05.200.500.620.760.440.610', 'E05.200.750.600.760.440.610'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['C10.597.751.941', 'C11.966', 'C23.888.592.763.941'], ['F02.463.593.932.934', 'G14.950'], ['C10.562.925', 'C14.907.077.925', 'C16.131.077.245.750', 'C16.320.184.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Increased survival in the red flour beetle after oral priming with bacteria-conditioned media.
|
Immune priming is defined as enhanced protection upon secondary exposure to a pathogen. Such enhanced resistance after prior exposure has been demonstrated for a number of insect species including the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. In testing this phenomenon, the majority of studies have focused on introducing the pathogen into the insect's hemocoel via septic wounding through the cuticle. Although such septic injury can occur in nature, many pathogens enter their hosts via the oral route, i.e. by ingestion. Bacillus thuringiensis bacteria are well-known insect pathogens that infect their host orally. We found that T. castaneum larvae showed increased survival after oral exposure to B. thuringiensis, when they had been orally primed with filter-sterilized media in which spores of B. thuringiensis had been raised. Such priming was achieved only with a naturally pathogenic strain of B. thuringiensis and a strain that was made pathogenic by transfer of plasmids. Moreover, primed larvae were smaller in size 24 h after priming and had a longer developmental time, indicating that investment in such a response comes at a cost. However, the increased survival in primed larvae was not caused by larval size differences upon challenge.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Animals', 'Bacillus thuringiensis', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Body Size', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Coleoptera', 'Culture Media, Conditioned', 'Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections', 'Immunity, Innate', 'Immunization', 'Immunologic Memory', 'Larva', 'Organisms, Genetically Modified', 'Porins', 'Species Specificity', 'Virulence']
| 24,216,503
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['B01.050'], ['B03.300.390.400.158.218.800', 'B03.353.500.100.218.800', 'B03.510.100.100.218.800', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.800', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.800'], ['D12.776.097'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160', 'E05.041.124.160', 'G07.100.100.160', 'G07.345.249.314'], ['A11.251'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.375'], ['D27.720.470.305.250', 'E07.206.250'], ['C01.150.252.410'], ['G12.450.564'], ['E02.095.465.425.400', 'E05.478.550', 'N02.421.726.758.310', 'N06.850.780.200.425', 'N06.850.780.680.310'], ['G12.450.050.500'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['B05.620'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.730', 'D12.776.543.585.400.730'], ['G16.824'], ['G06.930']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Tinea capitis due to Microsporum canis in infants.
|
Three cases of scalp involvement by M. canis in infants are briefly reported. The first was a 2-month-old female with a few erythematous spots on the scalp, the second an 8-month-old male with lesions resembling seborrhoeic dermatitis and the third an 11-month-old male having areas of folliculitis of a kerion type. The father of the second case was found to have a tinea barbae infection due to the same fungus. Stray kittens were the most probable source of infection in all these cases.
|
['Animals', 'Cat Diseases', 'Cats', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Microsporum', 'Tinea Capitis']
| 6,738,675
|
[['B01.050'], ['C22.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['B01.300.381.560'], ['C01.150.703.302.720.730', 'C01.800.200.720.730', 'C17.800.738.708', 'C17.800.838.208.883.558']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
High frequency of inactivation of the imprinted H19 gene in "sporadic" hepatoblastoma.
|
Embryonal tumors such as Wilms' tumor (WT), embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (eRMS) and hepatoblastoma have been thought to have a common pathogenetic mechanism. H19 was found to be inactivated in WT and eRMS either by loss of heterozygosity or by hypermethylation of the maternal allele. We show here that the expression of the H19 gene is inactivated by maternal allelic loss or hypermethylation in 7 out of 8 "sporadic" hepatoblastomas. Furthermore, we analyzed expression of the IGF2 gene. Loss of imprinting of the IGF2 gene was detected and linked to inactivation of the H19 gene in 2 hepatoblastomas. However, 2 sporadic cases demonstrated monoallelic expression of the IGF2 gene with inactivation of the H19 gene. Our results suggest that H19 may play a role as a common imprinted tumor suppressor gene in "sporadic" hepatoblastomas but may at times work independently of IGF2 expression.
|
['Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'DNA Methylation', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Genomic Imprinting', 'Hepatoblastoma', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor II', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Loss of Heterozygosity', 'Male', 'Muscle Proteins', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'RNA, Long Noncoding', 'RNA, Untranslated', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Trisomy']
| 10,404,060
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['G02.111.035.538.161', 'G02.111.218', 'G03.059.538.161', 'G05.206'], ['G05.308.370'], ['G05.308.203.500'], ['C04.557.435.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['D12.644.276.937.420', 'D12.776.124.862.425', 'D12.776.467.937.420', 'D23.529.937.420'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['G05.365.590.029.530'], ['D12.776.210.500'], ['D12.776.624'], ['D13.444.735.790.375'], ['D13.444.735.790'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['C23.550.210.050.750', 'C23.550.210.182.500', 'G05.365.590.175.050.750', 'G05.365.590.175.183.500', 'G05.700.131.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Genetic burden of psychosomatic diseases and exogenous risk-factors of cardiovascular diseases in healthy students with different physiological and psychological adaptation abilities].
|
Exogenous risk factors of cardiovascular diseases and genetic burden of psychosomatic pathologies have been studied in practically healthy students with various physiological and psychological adaptation abilities for differential analysis of the risk for development of cardiological diseases. The complex of genetic burden of psychosomatic pathologies and exogenous risk factors was significantly more frequent in practically healthy students with strong profile of adaptation mechanisms, increased circadian profile, zero type and weak persistence of fixated set.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adult', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Child', 'Child of Impaired Parents', 'Cost of Illness', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Psychophysiologic Disorders', 'Risk Factors', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Students']
| 15,855,698
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C14'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.106'], ['N03.219.151.165', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.182', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.046'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.888.592.700'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['M01.848']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Accuracy of Distal Femoral Valgus Deformity Correction: Fixator-Assisted Nailing vs Fixator-Assisted Locked Plating.
|
Fixator-assisted nailing (FAN) and fixator-assisted locked plating (FALP) are 2 techniques that can be used to correct distal femoral valgus deformities. The fixator aids in achieving an accurate adjustable initial reduction, which is then made permanent with either nail or plate insertion. FALP can be performed with the knee held in a neutral extended position, whereas FAN requires 30° to 90° of knee flexion to insert the nail, which may cause some alignment loss. We hypothesized that FAN may yield less accurate correction than FALP. Prospectively collected data of a consecutive cohort of patients who underwent valgus deformity femoral correction with FAN or FALP at a single institution over an 8-year period were retrospectively evaluated. Twenty extremities (18 patients) were treated using FAN (median follow-up, 5 years; range, 1-10 years), and 7 extremities (6 patients) were treated with FALP (median follow-up, 5 years; range, 1-8 years). In the FAN cohort, the mean preoperative and postoperative mechanical lateral distal femoral angles (mLDFAs) were 81° (range, 67°-86°) and 89° (range, 80°-100°), respectively (P = .009). In the FALP cohort, the mean preoperative and postoperative mLDFAs were 80° (range, 71°-87°) and 88° (range, 81°-94°), respectively (P < .001). Although the average mechanical axis deviation correction for the FALP group was greater than for the FAN group (32 mm and 27 mm, respectively), the difference was not significant (P = .66). Both methods of femoral deformity correction can be considered safe and effective. On the basis of our results, FAN and FALP are comparable in accuracy for deformity correction in the distal femur.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Bone Nails', 'Bone Plates', 'Female', 'Femur', 'Humans', 'Lower Extremity Deformities, Congenital', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteotomy', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 29,979,798
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E07.695.370.249', 'E07.858.442.660.460.249', 'E07.858.690.725.460.249'], ['E07.695.370.374', 'E07.858.442.660.460.374', 'E07.858.690.725.460.374'], ['A02.835.232.043.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.660.585.512', 'C16.131.621.585.512'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.555.580'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Improvement of ejection fraction after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery in patients with impaired left ventricular function.
|
OBJECTIVES: The present study evaluates our experience with aorto-coronary bypass grafting in patients with severe dysfunction of left ventricle (LV) and low ejection fraction-EF(<35%). Revascularization of myocardium in this settings remains contraversial because of concerns over morbidity, mortality and quality of life.MATERIAL AND METHODES: Forty patients with severe coronary artery disease and dysfunction of LV (low ejection fraction <35%) underwent coronary artery bypass grafting in period of 3 years. Preoperative diagnostic of 40 patients was consisted of anamnesis, clinical exam, non-invasive methods EHO, MR and invasive diagnostic methods-cateterization. The major indication for surgery was severe anginal pain, heart failure symptoms and low ejection fraction. Internal mammary artery was used in all operated patients.RESULTS: Average age of patients who have been operated was 59,8. In the present study, 81,3% were male and 18,8% female. We found one-vessel disease present in 2,5% (1/40) of patients, two -vessel disease in 40% (16/40), three-vessel disease in 42,5% (17/40) and four -vessel disease in 15% (6/40) of patients. One bypass grafting we implanted in 2,5% patients, two bypasses in 42,5%, three bypasses in 45 5%, and four bypasses in 10% of patients. Left ventricular ejection fraction assessed preoperativly was 18%-27% and postoperatively was improved to 31, 08% in period of 30 days.CONCLUSION: In patients with left ventricular dysfunction, coronary artery bypass grafting can be performed safely with improvement in quality of life and in left ventricular ejection fraction.
|
['Aged', 'Bosnia and Herzegovina', 'Coronary Artery Bypass', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Stroke Volume', 'Ventricular Dysfunction, Left', 'Ventricular Function, Left']
| 25,568,566
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['Z01.542.248.160'], ['E04.100.376.719.332', 'E04.100.814.868.750', 'E04.928.220.520.220'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.370.380.150.700', 'G09.330.380.124.882'], ['C14.280.945.900'], ['G09.330.955.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Epidemiology of Plasmodium falciparum
|
This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of Plasmodium falciparum malaria and identify risk factors for severe disease in Hubei Province, China, using a case-based survey of retrospective data from 2013 to 2018. From 2013 to 2018, a total of 763 imported malaria cases were reported in Hubei Province; 69.2% (528/763) cases were caused by P. falciparum species. The proportion of malaria caused by P. falciparum increased from 66.7% in 2013 to 74.0% in 2018 (÷2 = 21.378, P < 0.05). Plasmodium falciparum malaria was reported in 77 counties of Hubei Province. The majority of imported P. falciparum cases originated from Africa (98.9%, 522/528); 9.7% (51/528) of patients infected with P. falciparum developed severe malaria. Three deaths (case fatality rate: 0.6%) were related to imported P. falciparum malaria. Risk factors for severe malaria were being female (odds ratio [OR] = 3.593, 95% CI: 1.003-12.874), age ? 50 years (OR = 2.674, 95% CI: 1.269-5.634), > 3 days between symptom onset and diagnosis (OR = 2.383, 95% CI: 1.210-4.693), and the first-visit medical institution at the township level or lower (OR = 2.568, 95% CI: 1.344-4.908). Malaria prevention should be undertaken among high-risk groups, infection with P. falciparum should be detected early to prevent severe disease and death, and healthcare providers in health facilities at the township level should be trained on early recognition of malaria.
|
['Adult', 'China', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Malaria, Falciparum', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Odds Ratio', 'Plasmodium falciparum', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors']
| 32,700,677
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.610.752.530.650', 'C01.920.875.650'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['B01.043.075.380.611.561'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The interface between health systems and vertical programmes in Francophone Africa: the managers' perceptions.
|
OBJECTIVE: To explores the interface between vertical programmes (VPs) and general health services (GHS) in sub-Saharan Africa.METHODS: Using semi-structured interviews, we analysed the perceptions of a selection of experienced mid-level managers of health systems and of VP originating in francophone Africa on the nature and quality of this interface.RESULTS: The respondents acknowledged that VPs lead to both positive and negative effects on the functioning of GHS. The overall result, however, cannot be viewed as a simple summation of the positive effects possibly compensating for the negative ones. Indeed, some of the negative effects have a profound impact on the management and operation of the health care delivery system and may undermine the long-term institutional capacity of the general health systems. The quality and the nature of the interface between VP and GHS strongly vary in time, between settings and programmes.CONCLUSION: We argue for more systematic monitoring of the interface between VP and GHS, so as to identify and address, in a timely manner, significant disruptive effects and deficiencies in a perspective of systemic capacity building of health systems.
|
['Africa South of the Sahara', 'Attitude to Health', 'Delivery of Health Care, Integrated', 'Developing Countries', 'Health Services Research', 'Humans', 'Language', 'Leadership', 'Medical Informatics', 'Preventive Health Services']
| 21,219,552
|
[['Z01.058.290'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['N04.590.374.142', 'N05.300.262'], ['I01.615.500.300'], ['H01.770.644.145.360', 'N03.349.380', 'N05.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.209.399', 'L01.559'], ['F01.752.609'], ['L01.313.500'], ['N02.421.726']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Intracranial cystic meningiomas: A rare type of tumours.
|
INTRODUCTION: Intracranial cystic meningiomas are rare and preoperative diagnosis is difficult. The present study was performed to assess the clinical and radiological outcome of intracranial cystic meningiomas.METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of 13 patients (mean age: 49.9 years) who underwent surgical resection of intracranial cystic meningiomas from January 2006 to February 2014. There were 5 male and 8 female patients. The Glasgow Outcome Scale was used to assess the clinical outcome at 6 months.RESULTS: Headache was the main presenting clinical feature. Most of the tumours were located on the right side. The frontal convexity was the most common site. Gross total resection was performed in 10 patients. The most common histopathological type was meningothelial variety.CONCLUSION: Intracranial cystic meningiomas are usually benign that occur in relatively young patients. Resection of cysts that show contrast enhancement is essential to reduce recurrence.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cysts', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Meningeal Neoplasms', 'Meningioma', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 25,619,978
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.182', 'C23.300.306'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.614.250.580', 'C10.551.240.500'], ['C04.557.580.520', 'C04.557.645.520', 'C04.588.614.250.580.500', 'C10.551.240.500.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A biologically plausible acoustic motion detection neural network.
|
In this paper we present an acoustic motion detection system to be used in a small mobile robot. While the first purpose of the system has been to be a reliable computational implementation, cheap enough to be built in hardware, effort has also been taken to construct a biologically plausible solution. The motion detector consists of a neural network composed of motion-direction sensitive neurons with a preferred direction and a preferred region of the azimuth. The system was designed to produce a higher response when stimulated by motion in the preferred direction than in the null direction and that is in fact what the system does, which means that, as desired, the system can detect motion and distinguish its direction.
|
['Auditory Cortex', 'Auditory Pathways', 'Computers', 'Humans', 'Motion Perception', 'Neural Networks, Computer', 'Neurons, Afferent', 'Robotics', 'Sound Localization']
| 10,630,477
|
[['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.249', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.863.297'], ['A08.612.220.110'], ['L01.224.230.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.593.932.567'], ['G17.485', 'L01.224.050.375.605'], ['A08.675.650', 'A11.671.650'], ['H01.671.293.643', 'J01.897.104.834', 'L01.224.050.375.630'], ['F02.463.593.071.869', 'G07.888.125.869']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Achieving consensus for the histopathologic diagnosis of melanocytic lesions: use of the modified Delphi method.
|
OBJECTIVE: To understand the sophisticated nature of coming to consensus when diagnosing complex melanocytic lesions among a panel of experienced dermatopathologists.METHODS: A total of 240 melanocytic lesions were assessed independently by three experienced dermatopathologists with their diagnoses mapped into one of five Melanocytic Pathology Assessment Tool and Hierarchy for Diagnosis (MPATH-DX) categories: (I) nevus/mild atypia, (II) moderate atypia, (III) severe atypia/melanoma in situ, (IV) T1a invasive melanoma and (V) ? T1b invasive melanoma. The dermatopathologists then discussed the cases, using a modified Delphi method to facilitated consensus building for cases with discordant diagnoses.RESULTS: For most cases, a majority of interpretations (two or three of three) agreed with the consensus diagnosis in 95% of Category I, 64% of Category II, 84% of Category III, 88% for Category IV and 100% of Category V cases. Disagreements were typically due to diagnostic threshold differences (64.5%), differing contents on slides even though the slides were sequential cuts (18.5%), and missed findings (15.3%). Disagreements were resolved via discussion of histopathologic features and their significance while reviewing the slides using a multi-headed microscope, considering treatment recommendations, citing existing literature, reviewing additional slides for a case, and choosing a provisional/borderline diagnosis to capture diverse opinions. All experienced pathologists participating in this study reported that the process of coming to consensus was challenging for borderline cases and may have represented compromise rather than consensus. They also reported the process changed their approaches to diagnosing complex melanocytic lesions.CONCLUSIONS: The most frequent reason for disagreement of experienced dermatopathologists was differences in diagnostic thresholds related to observer viewpoints. A range of approaches was needed to come to consensus, and this may guide pathology groups who do not currently hold consensus conferences.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Histocytological Preparation Techniques', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Melanoma', 'Middle Aged', 'Skin Neoplasms']
| 27,247,109
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.500.620', 'E01.370.225.750.600', 'E05.200.500.620', 'E05.200.750.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510', 'C04.557.665.510'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A new full pose measurement method for robot calibration.
|
Identification of robot kinematic errors during the calibration process often requires accurate full pose measurements (position and orientation) of robot end-effectors in Cartesian space. This paper proposes a new method of full pose measurement of robot end-effectors for calibration. This method is based on an analysis of the features of a set of target points (placed on a rotating end-effector) on a circular trajectory. The accurate measurement is validated by computational simulation results from the Puma robot. Moreover, experimental calibration and validation results for the Hyundai HA-06 robot prove the effectiveness, correctness, and reliability of the proposed method. This method can be applied to robots that have entirely revolute joints or to robots for which only the last joint is revolute.
|
['Algorithms', 'Calibration', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Motion', 'Republic of Korea', 'Robotics']
| 23,863,856
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E05.978.155'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['G01.482'], ['Z01.252.474.557.750'], ['H01.671.293.643', 'J01.897.104.834', 'L01.224.050.375.630']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Trials with an adenosine analogue as antianginal medication.
|
The potential antianginal effects of orally administered ethyl-adenosine-5-carboxylate hydrochloride (EACH) were assessed in 9 patients with stable angina pectoris who underwent two standardized exercise tests for 3 consecutive days. The first daily exercise performed after placebo revealed no daily variation. The second test was preceded by placebo, 26 mg EACH or 33 mg EACH administered in a double-blind fashion with the use of crossover design. After the completion of the study in the first 6 patients, the 33-mg dose of EACH had to be discontinued because 3 patients had severe angina and another one had nausea and diffuse numbness after this dose. In the remaining 3 patients a 6-mg dose of EACH was used instead of 33 mg, after which the study was terminated because no difference could be determined. EACH, 26-mg and 6-mg, had no significant effect on resting and exercise heart rate, on blood pressure, on onset or duration of angina and positive-exercise electrocardiogram, or on exercise duration. Our study revealed that EACH had no potential antianginal effect and that at a dosage of 33 mg it may induce angina.
|
['Adenosine', 'Adult', 'Angina Pectoris', 'Blood Pressure', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Drug Evaluation', 'Exercise Test', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 332,439
|
[['D03.633.100.759.590.138', 'D13.570.583.138', 'D13.570.800.096'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C14.280.647.187', 'C14.907.585.187', 'C23.888.592.612.233.500'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['E05.290.625', 'E05.337.425'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of a low dose of pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin on follicular recruitment and atresia in cycling rats.
|
Atresia appears to play a central role in selecting the correct number of follicles for ovulation in the rat. A wave of atresia, apparent by noon on metestrus, reduces the number of large healthy follicles to the appropriate quota for ovulation. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that falling levels of gonadotropin on the morning of estrus precipitate the wave of atresia of large follicles seen on metestrus. Endogenous concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were augmented by a single injection of pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG; 0.025 IU/gram body weight) administered at different times during the periovulatory period. Animals given PMSG at 0800 h on estrus (when the endogenous FSH surge was waning) had a supernormal number of large healthy follicles in their ovaries at 1200 h on metestrus. This increase in large healthy follicles was accompanied by a decrease in large atretic follicles in the ovaries. The same dose of PMSG, when administered at other times during the periovulatory period, did not affect any of the parameters measured. These observations suggest that the wave of atresia normally seen in large follicles on metestrus is triggered by the decline in the concentration of FSH during the morning of estrus and can be prevented by prolonging the surge of FSH with administration of PMSG.
|
['Animals', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Estrus', 'Female', 'Follicular Atresia', 'Follicular Phase', 'Gonadotropins, Equine', 'Ovarian Follicle', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains']
| 3,741,943
|
[['B01.050'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G08.686.195.500'], ['G08.686.290'], ['G08.686.605.310'], ['D06.472.699.322.451', 'D06.472.699.649.451', 'D12.644.548.726.451', 'D12.776.780.451'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.535', 'A06.300.312.497.535'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Altering clinical features of recurrent herpes simplex virus-induced keratitis.
|
We studied the alteration in the clinical features of herpes simplex virus-induced keratitis (HSK) after the introduction of acyclovir (ACV) (in 1986). Over a nine-year period, this study investigated 101 patients (52 men and 49 women) whose conditions were diagnosed clinically as HSK. In addition, HSK recurred in 48 (47.5%) of the 101 patients. The distribution of clinical types of primary HSK before 1985 did not differ from that after 1986. Recurrent HSK was significantly more frequent in patients aged 26 to 40 years (75.0%). Although the five-year recurrence rates in primary HSK treated with ACV were significantly lower than those in patients treated with idoxuridine, the recurrence frequency before 1985 was equal to that after 1986. The discordance of the decreased recurrence rate in ACV-treated patients and the high recurrence frequency in patients with recurrent disease after the introduction of ACV were considered to be the result of the incomplete inhibitory effect of this drug.
|
['Acyclovir', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cornea', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Idoxuridine', 'Infant', 'Keratitis, Herpetic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Recurrence', 'Simplexvirus', 'Virus Activation']
| 8,395,784
|
[['D03.633.100.759.758.399.454.250'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['A09.371.060.217'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.383.742.680.852.300.400', 'D13.570.230.430.609', 'D13.570.685.852.300.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C01.375.725.465', 'C01.925.256.466.382.465', 'C01.925.325.465', 'C11.204.564.425', 'C11.294.800.475'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['B04.280.382.100.750'], ['G06.920.925.940']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Air pollution as a risk factor in lung cancer.
|
Retrospective data on residential and employment history and on smoking were obtained from 417 white male lung cancer patients and 752 controls with nonrespiratory, nonneoplastic diseases, from Erie County, New York, admitted to Roswell Park Memorial Institute from 1957-1965. Total suspended particulate data and a historical review of problem point sources of pollution were used to delineate air pollution zones. The findings did not support the hypothesis that air pollution alone significantly increased risk for lung cancer. However, there was increased risk from smoking and occupational exposures if there was also long-term exposure to air pollution. The risk for heavy smokers with heavy exposure to air pollution was over four times that of men with none of the high exposure traits. The findings suggest an apparent synergistic mechanism involving smoking and air pollution and smoking and occupational exposures. The findings are consistent with previous epidemiologic studies and with biologic and experimental evidence. The limitations of the methods used here necessitate further study and replication. However, the study indicates that air pollution should not be dismissed as a risk factor in lung cancer.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Air Pollutants', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'New York', 'Occupational Diseases', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk', 'Smoking']
| 7,102,655
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.888.284.101'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.437', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530'], ['C24'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['F01.145.805']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Migrants in transit: the importance of monitoring HIV risk among migrant flows at the Mexico-US border.
|
We conducted a probability-based survey of migrant flows traveling across the Mexico-US border, and we estimated HIV infection rates, risk behaviors, and contextual factors for migrants representing 5 distinct migration phases. Our results suggest that the influence of migration is not uniform across genders or risk factors. By considering the predeparture, transit, and interception phases of the migration process, our findings complement previous studies on HIV among Mexican migrants conducted at the destination and return phases. Monitoring HIV risk among this vulnerable transnational population is critical for better understanding patterns of risk at different points of the migration process and for informing the development of protection policies and programs.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mexico', 'Prevalence', 'Risk-Taking', 'Sex Distribution', 'Sex Workers', 'Sexual Behavior', 'Substance Abuse, Intravenous', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Transients and Migrants', 'United States']
| 25,602,882
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.589'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['F01.145.722'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['M01.776'], ['F01.145.802'], ['C25.775.793', 'F03.900.793'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.920'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
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