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A pilot study of patient-specific cardiovascular MDCT dose maps and their utility in estimating patient-specific organ and effective doses in obese patients.
|
BACKGROUND: Estimates of effective dose (E) for cardiovascular CT are obtained from a scanner-provided dose metric, the dose-length product (DLP), and a conversion factor. These estimates may not adequately represent the risk of a specific scan to obese adults.OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to create dose maps sensitive to patient size and anatomy in the irradiated region from a patient's own CT images and compare measured E (EDoseMap) to doses determined from standard DLP conversion (EDLP) in obese adults.METHODS: 21 obese patients (mean body mass index, 39 kg/m(2)) underwent CT of the pulmonary veins, thoracic aorta, or coronary arteries. DLP values were converted to E. A Monte Carlo tool was used to simulate X-ray photon interaction with virtual phantoms created from each patient's image set. Organ doses were determined from dose maps. EDoseMap was computed as a weighted sum of organ doses multiplied by tissue-weighting factors.RESULTS: EDLP (mean ± SD, 5.7 ± 3.3 mSv) was larger than EDoseMap (3.4 ± 2.4 mSv) (difference = 2.3; P < .001).CONCLUSION: Dose maps derived from patient CT images yielded lower effective doses than DLP conversion methods. Considering over all patient size, organ size, and tissue composition could lead to better dose metrics for obese patients.
|
['Aorta, Thoracic', 'Aortography', 'Body Mass Index', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Computed Tomography Angiography', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Coronary Vessels', 'Humans', 'Monte Carlo Method', 'Multidetector Computed Tomography', 'Obesity', 'Patient-Specific Modeling', 'Phantoms, Imaging', 'Phlebography', 'Pilot Projects', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Pulmonary Veins', 'Radiation Dosage', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 26,853,972
|
[['A07.015.114.056.372'], ['E01.370.350.700.060.070', 'E01.370.370.050.070'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['C14'], ['E01.370.350.350.810.335', 'E01.370.350.567.250', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.335', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.335', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.568', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.499'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['A07.015.114.269', 'A07.015.908.194'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.525', 'L01.906.394.422', 'N05.715.360.750.540', 'N06.850.520.830.525'], ['E01.370.350.350.810.800.500', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.800.500', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.800.500', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.800.249', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.800.249'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['E05.599.395.821', 'L01.224.160.750'], ['E07.671'], ['E01.370.350.700.060.600', 'E01.370.370.050.600'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['A07.015.908.713'], ['E05.799.513', 'G01.750.740', 'N06.850.810.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
How singleton breech babies at term are born in France: a survey of data from the AUDIPOG network.
|
Based on data from the AUDIPOG sentinel network between 1994 and 2010, we can say that the rate of singleton breech presentation at term is 3% and remains unchanged despite an external cephalic version rate of 35%. The total cesarean section rate is currently 75%. This rate increased by nearly 20% after the Hannah publication in 2000, regardless of the type of breech and type of maternity unit. The rate of planned cesarean sections increased in particular, going from 40% to 60%, and even reaching 67% for footling breech presentations. The rate is higher in type I maternity units than in type II or III. This cesarean section rate has been stable since 2005 and has even decreased for the Frank breech. The average rate of external cephalic version remains stable at around 23%. The episiotomy rate is 28%. The rate of babies transferred to neonatology units is higher for breech babies at term than for babies presenting cephalically (3.9% compared to 2.9%), but the newborns most often transferred are those born by cesarean section (4.1% compared to 3.4%).
|
['Adult', 'Birth Weight', 'Breech Presentation', 'Cesarean Section', 'Delivery Rooms', 'Episiotomy', 'Female', 'France', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Intensive Care, Neonatal', 'Pregnancy', 'Term Birth', 'Version, Fetal', 'Young Adult']
| 25,801,722
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C23.888.144.186', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.186', 'E05.041.124.160.750.149', 'G07.100.100.160.120.186', 'G07.345.249.314.120.186'], ['C13.703.420.183', 'G08.686.520.150', 'G08.686.784.769.326.520.150'], ['E04.520.252.500'], ['N02.278.388.150'], ['E04.520.252.750'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E02.760.190.405', 'N02.421.585.190.500'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.784.769.490.500'], ['E04.520.252.996'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Detection of antibodies against Trypanosoma cruzi in Somoto, Nicaragua, using indirect ELISA and IFI on blood samples on filter paper].
|
We standardized a solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in order to study the presence of Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies in asymptomatic persons who live in an area of Nicaragua endemic for Chagas' disease. The test was standardized to analyze filter-paper blood samples, which are easy to transport. In the first phase of our investigation, ELISA was used to study 18 samples of total serum and 18 eluates of blood from patients with chronic Chagas' disease; 30 samples of serum and 30 eluates of blood from healthy people, used as negative controls; and 14 samples of serum and 14 eluates of blood from patients with cutaneous or visceral leishmaniasis, which were used to study cross-reactions. Both with the total-serum and the blood-eluate samples, the ELISA test provided 100% sensitivity and 90% specificity. Cross-reactions in the patient samples were observed only with visceral leishmaniasis. The second phase of our investigation was a population study that included eight rural communities in the area of Somoto, Nicaragua. Through random sampling, filter-paper blood samples were collected from 2,434 people (1,335 men and 1,099 women) from the communities of Aguas Calientes, El Brocal, La Manzana, Las Playas, Los Canales, Santa Isabel, Santa Rosa, and Santa Teresa. Studied by ELISA and by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), the samples included 260 found seropositive by ELISA (10.7%), of which 207 were positive according to IIF (8.5%). With both techniques, the majority of seropositives were among women, but the difference between men and women was not statistically significant. There was a high level of agreement between the results obtained with the two techniques. There was an upward trend with age, with 5.4% of those found seropositive by ELISA being persons 10 years of age or younger and 42.7% of those found seropositive being older than 50. The vast majority of the individuals analyzed were asymptomatic.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Distribution', 'Animals', 'Antibodies, Protozoan', 'Chagas Disease', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'Filtration', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous', 'Leishmaniasis, Visceral', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nicaragua', 'Seroepidemiologic Studies', 'Sex Distribution', 'Trypanosoma cruzi']
| 11,209,254
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.252', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.252', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.252'], ['C01.610.752.300.900.200', 'C01.920.625'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['E05.196.454', 'G01.280', 'G02.263'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240.310', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240.310', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240.310', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240.310', 'E05.478.583.375.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C01.610.752.300.500.400', 'C01.610.858.560.400', 'C01.920.813.400', 'C17.800.838.775.560.400'], ['C01.610.752.300.500.510', 'C01.920.813.510'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.169.690'], ['E05.318.372.500.950', 'N05.715.360.330.500.950', 'N06.850.520.450.500.950'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['B01.268.475.868.887.140']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Electron microscopy procedure influences detection of rotaviruses.
|
Technical parameters of electron microscope staining procedures (type of stain, pH of stain, and time of staining) influence particle integrity for three groups of rotaviruses. Simian rotavirus SA11 (group A), Chinese adult diarrhea rotavirus and porcine rotavirus-like agent (group B), and porcine pararotavirus (group C) were tested. All rotavirus strains were quite stable in uranyl acetate and phosphotungstic acid at pH 4.5 and relatively stable in ammonium molybdate. However, staining with phosphotungstic acid at higher pH values with increased staining time yielded a reduction in the number of particles and particles that were broken or degraded to single-shelled particles or core particles. The different staining procedures were also tested in immunoelectron microscopy experiments. Antibody molecules bound to rotavirus particles were observed clearly only with phosphotungstic acid staining and not with uranyl acetate. We therefore recommend that uranyl acetate and phosphotungstic acid at pH 4.5 be used for negative staining of rotaviruses; phosphotungstic acid at pH 4.5 is optimal for immunoelectron microscopy. These technical points may be critical for rotavirus detection and are important for studies pertaining to the epidemiology and clinical importance of the non-group A rotaviruses.
|
['Animals', 'Gastroenteritis', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Molybdenum', 'Organometallic Compounds', 'Phosphotungstic Acid', 'Rotavirus', 'Rotavirus Infections', 'Staining and Labeling']
| 2,444,622
|
[['B01.050'], ['C06.405.205'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['D01.268.556.555', 'D01.268.956.500', 'D01.552.544.555'], ['D02.691'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.750', 'D01.695.625.675.750', 'D01.940.700'], ['B04.820.223.719.790'], ['C01.925.782.791.814'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670', 'E05.200.500.620.670', 'E05.200.750.600.670']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The Spanish health care system: lessons for newly industrialized countries.
|
This article summarizes the organization, financing, and delivery of health care services in Spain, and discusses the elements that made it possible to maintain high levels of health among the population, while spending comparatively fewer resources on the health care system than most industrialized countries. The case of Spain is of particular interest for newly industrialized countries, because of the fast evolution that it has undergone in recent years. Considered, by United Nations' economic standards, a developing country until 1964, Spain became in a few years the fastest growing economy in the world after Japan. By the early 1970s the infant mortality rate was already lower than in Britain or the United States.
|
['Delivery of Health Care', 'Developed Countries', 'Efficiency, Organizational', 'Financing, Government', 'Global Health', 'Health Care Rationing', 'Health Expenditures', 'Health Status Indicators', 'Health Workforce', 'Hospitals, Public', 'National Health Programs', 'Primary Health Care', 'Public Health Administration', 'Social Justice', 'Spain']
| 10,538,719
|
[['N04.590.374', 'N05.300'], ['I01.615.500.250'], ['N04.452.209.500'], ['N03.219.521.346'], ['H02.403.371', 'N01.400.337'], ['I01.261.750.500', 'N03.349.270', 'N05.300.430.375'], ['N03.219.151.450', 'N05.300.385'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475'], ['N02.350', 'N04.452.525.500', 'N05.300.420.400'], ['N02.278.421.510'], ['N03.349.550'], ['N04.590.233.727'], ['N04.452.794'], ['I01.880.604.473.700', 'K01.752.566.479.830.750', 'N03.706.437.700', 'N05.350.958.750'], ['Z01.542.846']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
The FGF2 gene in a myopia animal model and human subjects.
|
PURPOSE: Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) has been implied in the development of myopia according to previous studies investigating FGF2 in the sclera and retinal pigment epithelium. This study measured retinal FGF2 gene expression in an animal model and also tested for the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in FGF2 and high myopia.METHODS: The guinea pigs were assigned to 2 groups: form deprivation myopia (FDM) for two weeks and normal control (free of form deprivation). Biometric measurement was performed and FGF2 expression levels were compared among the FDM eyes, the fellow eyes of the FDM group and the normal eyes in retina. We also enrolled 1,064 cases (?-6.0 D) and 1,001 controls (?-1.5 D) from a Chinese population residing in Taiwan. Six tagging SNPs were genotyped to test for an association between genotypes and high myopia.RESULTS: The FDM eyes had the most prominent changes of refraction and axial length. Compared with the mRNA levels of FGF2 in the normal eyes, the FDM eyes had the highest levels of mRNA (p=0.0004) followed by the fellow eyes (p=0.002). The FDM and normal eyes became more myopic compared with the fellow eyes, but the fellow eyes became more hyperopic (p=0.004) in the end of the experiment which may be due to its relatively short axial length when compared with normal eyes (p=0.05). The SNP genotypes were all in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. However, none of the SNPs were significantly associated with high myopia (all p values >0.1).CONCLUSIONS: We identified a significant change of FGF2 expression in the FDM eyes but FGF2 genetic variants are unlikely to influence susceptibility to myopia. There may be a systemic effect to influence gene expression and refraction on the fellow eyes, which may perturb emmetropization in the fellow eyes. Our data also suggest using normal eyes rather than the fellow eyes as the control eyes when study the form deprivation myopia.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Animals', 'Axial Length, Eye', 'Biometry', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Female', 'Fibroblast Growth Factor 2', 'Gene Expression', 'Genotype', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myopia', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Refraction, Ocular', 'Sensory Deprivation']
| 22,393,273
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['A09.371.199', 'E01.370.600.115.100.660.500'], ['E05.318.740.225', 'N06.850.505.200'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D12.644.276.624.120', 'D12.776.467.624.120', 'D23.529.624.120'], ['G05.297'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C11.744.636'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E01.370.380.850.700', 'G01.590.775', 'G14.760'], ['F02.463.593.696']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
High-yield isolation of protoplasts from microgram amounts of shoot meristematic tissues and rapid DNA content determination by flow cytometry.
|
This paper describes a novel approach to rapid cell-cycle analysis of shoot meristematic cells. The method involves fixation and disaggregation of meristems into protoplast suspension and flow-cytometric analysis of these protoplasts stained with fluorescent dyes. We have developed a procedure for a high-yield isolation of protoplasts allowing an accurate flow-cytometric analysis with a few micrograms of meristem tissues. We present here determinations of total DNA content of protoplasts stained with propidium iodide in the dicotyledon Sinapis alba, and the monocotyledon Lolium temulentum.
|
['Cell Cycle', 'Cell Fractionation', 'Cell Nucleus', 'DNA', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Plant Cells', 'Plants', 'Protoplasts', 'Species Specificity']
| 1,959,553
|
[['G04.144'], ['E05.242.251'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['D13.444.308'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['A11.750'], ['B01.650'], ['A11.789'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Volume electron microscopy of the distribution of synapses in the neuropil of the juvenile rat somatosensory cortex.
|
Knowing the proportions of asymmetric (excitatory) and symmetric (inhibitory) synapses in the neuropil is critical for understanding the design of cortical circuits. We used focused ion beam milling and scanning electron microscopy (FIB/SEM) to obtain stacks of serial sections from the six layers of the juvenile rat (postnatal day 14) somatosensory cortex (hindlimb representation). We segmented in three-dimensions 6184 synaptic junctions and determined whether they were established on dendritic spines or dendritic shafts. Of all these synapses, 87-94% were asymmetric and 6-13% were symmetric. Asymmetric synapses were preferentially located on dendritic spines in all layers (80-91%) while symmetric synapses were mainly located on dendritic shafts (62-86%). Furthermore, we found that less than 6% of the dendritic spines establish more than one synapse. The vast majority of axospinous synapses were established on the spine head. Synapses on the spine neck were scarce, although they were more common when the dendritic spine established multiple synapses. This study provides a new large quantitative dataset that may contribute not only to the knowledge of the ultrastructure of the cortex, but also towards defining the connectivity patterns through all cortical layers.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Dendrites', 'Dendritic Spines', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Neuropil', 'Rats', 'Somatosensory Cortex', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Synapses']
| 28,721,455
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['A08.675.256', 'A11.284.180.225', 'A11.671.240'], ['A08.675.256.200', 'A11.284.180.225.169', 'A11.671.240.169'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['A08.637.500', 'A08.675.703', 'A11.650.500', 'A11.671.685'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.670.675', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.906'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Pancreatic juice cytology for monitoring pancreatic grafts in the early postoperative period.
|
Thirty-one pancreas transplant recipients were monitored by pancreatic juice cytology in the early postoperative period. An increase in the total amount of cells and, in particular, signs of immunoactivation with the appearance of two or more blast-transformed cells per specimen were taken as evidence of acute rejection. According to these criteria a total of 38 rejection episodes were diagnosed. The first positive cytology appeared after 9 days (mean) and lasted for 2 days (mean). Immunocytochemical analysis of the juice showed increased amounts of CD3+ cells during rejection. When rejection occurred during prophylaxis with antithymocyte globulin, neutrophils were preponderant in the pancreatic juice while during OKT-3 prophylaxis a high percentage of monocytes was a characteristic finding. Antirejection treatment was started when the cytology became positive and all rejection episodes except one were reversed. A decrease in the pancreatic juice amylase activity occurred in 66% of the rejection episodes, but in only 5 of the 38 episodes was the decrease highly significant. No correlation was found between graft rejection and volume excretion of pancreatic juice. There were no persistent or characteristic changes in serum amylase or peripheral white blood cell count at the time of rejection. Graft pancreatitis was diagnosed cytologically in 7 patients, in 5 of whom the grafts were eventually lost.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Amylases', 'Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte', 'Bacteria', 'CD3 Complex', 'Female', 'Fungi', 'Graft Rejection', 'Humans', 'Lymphocytes', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreas Transplantation', 'Pancreatic Juice', 'Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell']
| 1,381,177
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D08.811.277.450.066'], ['D23.050.301.264.894', 'D23.101.100.894'], ['B03'], ['D23.050.301.264.894.095', 'D23.101.100.894.095'], ['B01.300'], ['G12.875.545.328'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.210.725', 'E04.936.450.650'], ['A12.200.567'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.816.824']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Predicting breast cancer risk using personal health data and machine learning models.
|
Among women, breast cancer is a leading cause of death. Breast cancer risk predictions can inform screening and preventative actions. Previous works found that adding inputs to the widely-used Gail model improved its ability to predict breast cancer risk. However, these models used simple statistical architectures and the additional inputs were derived from costly and / or invasive procedures. By contrast, we developed machine learning models that used highly accessible personal health data to predict five-year breast cancer risk. We created machine learning models using only the Gail model inputs and models using both Gail model inputs and additional personal health data relevant to breast cancer risk. For both sets of inputs, six machine learning models were trained and evaluated on the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial data set. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve metric quantified each model's performance. Since this data set has a small percentage of positive breast cancer cases, we also reported sensitivity, specificity, and precision. We used Delong tests (p < 0.05) to compare the testing data set performance of each machine learning model to that of the Breast Cancer Risk Prediction Tool (BCRAT), an implementation of the Gail model. None of the machine learning models with only BCRAT inputs were significantly stronger than the BCRAT. However, the logistic regression, linear discriminant analysis, and neural network models with the broader set of inputs were all significantly stronger than the BCRAT. These results suggest that relative to the BCRAT, additional easy-to-obtain personal health inputs can improve five-year breast cancer risk prediction. Our models could be used as non-invasive and cost-effective risk stratification tools to increase early breast cancer detection and prevention, motivating both immediate actions like screening and long-term preventative measures such as hormone replacement therapy and chemoprevention.
|
['Aged', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Health Records, Personal', 'Humans', 'Machine Learning', 'Middle Aged', 'ROC Curve', 'Risk Assessment']
| 31,881,042
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G17.035.250.500', 'L01.224.050.375.530'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Reliability of laser Doppler, near-infrared spectroscopy and Doppler ultrasound for peripheral blood flow measurements during and after exercise in the heat.
|
This study examined the test-retest reliability of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and Doppler ultrasound to assess exercise-induced haemodynamics. Nine men completed two identical trials consisting of 25-min submaximal cycling at first ventilatory threshold followed by repeated 30-s bouts of high-intensity (90% of peak power) cycling in 32.8 ± 0.4°C and 32 ± 5% relative humidity (RH). NIRS (tissue oxygenation index [TOI] and total haemoglobin [tHb]) and LDF (perfusion units [PU]) signals were monitored continuously during exercise, and leg blood flow was assessed by Doppler ultrasound at baseline and after exercise. Cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC; PU/mean arterial pressure (MAP)) was expressed as the percentage change from baseline (%CVCBL). Coefficients of variation (CVs) as indicators of absolute reliability were 18.7-28.4%, 20.2-33.1%, 42.5-59.8%, 7.8-12.4% and 22.2-30.3% for PU, CVC, %CVCBL, TOI and tHb, respectively. CVs for these variables improved as exercise continued beyond 10 min. CVs for baseline and post-exercise leg blood flow were 17.8% and 10.5%, respectively. CVs for PU, tHb (r2 = 0.062) and TOI (r2 = 0.002) were not correlated (P > 0.05). Most variables demonstrated CVs lower than the expected changes (35%) induced by training or heat stress; however, minimum of 10 min exercise is recommended for more reliable measurements.
|
['Adult', 'Exercise', 'Exercise Test', 'Hemodynamics', 'Hemoglobinometry', 'Hot Temperature', 'Humans', 'Laser-Doppler Flowmetry', 'Leg', 'Male', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Regional Blood Flow', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Skin', 'Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler']
| 27,649,579
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['G09.330.380'], ['E01.370.225.625.410', 'E05.200.625.410'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.370.475', 'E05.830.500'], ['A01.378.610.500'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['G03.680'], ['G09.330.100.780'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['A17.815'], ['E01.370.350.750', 'E05.196.867.851'], ['E01.370.350.850.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Affective experience and motivated behavior in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Evidence from clinical and nonclinical samples.
|
OBJECTIVE: Individuals with schizophrenia have been found to exhibit emotion-behavior decoupling, particularly with respect to anticipated, rather than experienced events. However, previous research has focused on how emotion valence translates into motivated behavior, ignoring the fact that emotion arousal should also modulate emotion-behavior coupling. Few studies have examined emotion-behavior coupling in prepsychotic conditions. This investigation aimed to examine the nature and extent of emotion valence- and arousal-behavior coupling across the schizophrenia spectrum.METHOD: We examine how emotional valence and arousal couple with behavior in 3 groups of individuals (25 individuals with chronic schizophrenia; 27 individuals early in the disease course, and 31 individuals reporting negative schizotypal symptoms). Participants completed a task using slides to elicit emotion and evoke motivated behavior. We compared participants with their respective matched control groups to determine differences in the correspondence between self-reported emotion valence/arousal and motivated behavior.RESULTS: Both groups with schizophrenia reported similar affective experiences as their controls, whereas individuals reporting negative schizotypal symptoms showed "in-the-moment" anhedonia but not emotion-behavior decoupling. In addition, the schizophrenia groups' affective experiences corresponded less well to their behavior relative to controls.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest emotion-behavior decoupling along both valence and arousal dimensions in schizophrenia but not in participants with high levels of schizotypal symptoms. Findings appear to support the idea that emotion-behavior decoupling differs in nature and extent across the schizophrenia spectrum. Interventions to recouple emotion and behavior may be particularly helpful in allowing people with schizophrenia to gain functional independence. (PsycINFO Database Record
|
['Adult', 'Anhedonia', 'Anticipation, Psychological', 'Emotions', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Motivation', 'Pleasure', 'Schizophrenia', 'Schizotypal Personality Disorder']
| 26,986,747
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C10.597.606.057', 'C23.888.592.604.039', 'F01.700.039'], ['F02.463.093'], ['F01.470'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['F01.470.867', 'F02.830.816.492'], ['F03.700.750'], ['F03.675.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of interferences between dengue vaccine serotypes in a monkey model.
|
Interferences between different antigens in the same vaccine formulation have been reported for some vaccines (e.g., polio vaccines, live attenuated dengue vaccine candidates). We examined interferences between the four serotypes of ChimeriVax dengue vaccines (CYDs) in a monkey model when present within a tetravalent formulation in equal concentrations (TV-5555). Immunoassays of vaccinated non-human primates showed that serotype 4 (DEN-4), and to a lesser extent, DEN-1 were dominant in terms of neutralizing antibody levels. Parameters that affected the interferences were identified, including 1) the simultaneous administration of two complementary bivalent vaccines at separate anatomical sites drained by different lymph nodes; 2) the sequential administration of two complementary bivalent vaccines; 3) the establishment of heterologous flavivirus pre-immunity before subsequent tetravalent immunization; 4) the adaptation of formulations by decreasing the dose of the immunodominant serotype; and 5) the administration of a 1-year booster. The applicability of these data to human responses is discussed.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Viral', 'Cell Line', 'Chlorocebus aethiops', 'Dengue', 'Dengue Vaccines', 'Dengue Virus', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Humans', 'Immunization Schedule', 'Immunization, Secondary', 'Macaca fascicularis', 'Male', 'Neutralization Tests', 'Serotyping', 'Vaccination', 'Vero Cells', 'Viral Interference', 'Viremia']
| 19,190,230
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254'], ['A11.251.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.126.110'], ['C01.920.500.270', 'C01.925.081.270', 'C01.925.782.350.250.214', 'C01.925.782.417.214'], ['D20.215.894.899.162'], ['B04.820.578.344.350.270'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.470', 'E05.478.550.545'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.485', 'E05.478.550.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510.520'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.550', 'E05.200.812.735.550', 'E05.478.594.760.550'], ['E01.370.225.812.742', 'E01.370.225.875.150.125.890', 'E05.200.812.742', 'E05.200.875.150.125.890', 'E05.478.594.780'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890'], ['A11.251.210.955', 'A11.436.955'], ['G06.920.800'], ['C01.925.937', 'C23.550.470.790.500.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Differential expression of the angiogenic Tie receptor family in arthritic and normal synovial tissue.
|
Angiopoietins (Ang) are vascular endothelial cell-specific growth factors that play important roles principally during the later stages of angiogenesis. We have compared the distribution of the receptor tyrosine kinase (Tie) and the Ang ligands in synovial tissues from normal subjects and those with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). Immunohistochemical analysis was used to determine the expression of Ang-1, Ang-2, Tie1 and Tie2 in synovial tissue of normal subjects and those with RA and OA. Ang-1, Ang-2, Tie1 and Tie2 mRNA and protein expression were quantified in synovial tissues and RA synovial tissue fibroblasts with real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. In RA, Ang-1 positive immunostaining on lining cells, macrophages and endothelial cells was significantly higher than in OA and normal synovial tissue. The expression pattern of Ang-2 in synovial tissue was similar in RA and OA, whereas the Ang-2 expression was low in normal tissue. Synovial tissue from subjects with RA and OA showed a significant upregulation of Tie1 on lining cells, macrophages and endothelial cells compared to that from normal subjects. Tie2 was significantly upregulated in the RA and OA synovial tissue lining cells, macrophages and smooth muscle cells compared to normal synovial tissue. Generally Ang-1, Ang-2, Tie1 and Tie2 mRNA levels were higher in RA synovial tissue compared to normal and OA synovial tissues, and RA synovial tissue fibroblasts. Western blot analysis also demonstrated greater Tie1 and Tie2 protein expression in RA and OA synovial tissue compared to RA synovial tissue fibroblasts. In conclusion, the dominance of Ang-1 mRNA and protein expression over Ang-2 is in agreement with an active neovascularization in RA synovial tissue.
|
['Angiopoietin-1', 'Angiopoietin-2', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Endothelium', 'Fibroblasts', 'Humans', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Macrophages', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Osteoarthritis', 'Proteins', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'Receptor, TIE-1', 'Receptor, TIE-2', 'Receptors, Cell Surface', 'Receptors, TIE', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Synovial Membrane', 'Up-Regulation']
| 12,010,571
|
[['D12.644.276.100.100.100', 'D12.776.467.100.100.100', 'D23.529.100.100.100'], ['D12.644.276.100.100.200', 'D12.776.467.100.100.200', 'D23.529.100.100.200'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['A11.251'], ['A10.272.491'], ['A11.329.228'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['C05.550.114.606', 'C05.799.613'], ['D12.776'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400', 'D12.776.543.750.630'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.925.249', 'D12.776.543.750.630.687.249'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.925.500', 'D12.776.543.750.630.687.500'], ['D12.776.543.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.925', 'D12.776.543.750.630.687'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['A02.835.583.443.800'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The score for allergic rhinitis (SFAR): a simple and valid assessment method in population studies.
|
BACKGROUND: No validated assessment of allergic rhinitis (AR) is presently available that can be used in population studies in the absence of medical diagnosis and of objective measurements of allergy. To compensate for this lack, a quantitative Score For Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) ranging between 0 and 16 has been developed by experts.METHODS: The SFAR, encompassing eight features of AR, was validated in three different ways: 1) among 269 outpatients taking the specialist's diagnosis of AR and skin prick tests (SPT) positivity as a gold standard (diagnosis validation); 2) using psychometric methods (internal validation); and 3) in a random population-based sample of 3001 individuals by telephone interview (population acceptability).RESULTS: A SFAR value > or = 7 allowed satisfactory discrimination between the outpatients with AR from those without (sensitivity = 74% [95% confidence interval CI: 0.69,0.79], specificity = 83% [0.79, 0.87], positive predictive value = 84% [0.80, 0.88], negative predictive value = 74% [0.69, 0.79] and Youden's index = 0.57, respectively). Internal consistency of the score was also high (among others, Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.79). On average, it took only 3 min for the individuals interviewed on the phone to complete the questionnaire, the questions of which were well understood. Among these subjects, the prevalence of AR was 21% [95% CI: 19.5%, 22.5%], which is comparable to other determinations in France.CONCLUSIONS: The newly a priori proposed Score For Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) is easy to use and can be useful to estimate prevalence and to study causation of AR in population settings.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'False Positive Reactions', 'Female', 'France', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'ROC Curve', 'Random Allocation', 'Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial', 'Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Skin Tests']
| 11,929,412
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['E01.354.506'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['C08.460.799.315.500', 'C08.674.453.500', 'C09.603.799.315.500', 'C20.543.480.680.443.500'], ['C08.460.799.315.750', 'C08.674.453.750', 'C09.603.799.315.750', 'C20.543.480.680.443.750'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.225.812.871', 'E05.200.812.871', 'E05.478.594.890']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Cadmium transport in isolated perfused rat liver: zinc-cadmium competition.
|
The hypothesis that one component of cadmium uptake by rat hepatocytes involves a mediated transport pathway normally operative for zinc transport was tested in the isolated perfused rat liver preparation. Excess zinc in the perfusion medium suppressed cadmium uptake as indicated by the decrease in the normalized clearance (initial clearance divided by liver weight) from 0.340 +/- 0.019 (ml/min)/g in the presence of normal zinc concentrations (Zn:Cd molar ratio, 1.6) to 0.138 +/- 0.017 (ml/min)/g (Zn:Cd molar ratio, 13.0). In excess-zinc control experiments (no cadmium present) little zinc is accumulated by the liver, apparently due to competition between intrahepatic and extracellular binding. Exposure to cadmium increases both zinc secretion into the perfusion medium and biliary excretion of zinc. The effect at the sinusoidal membrane is probably a result of both the blockage of zinc resorption during cadmium uptake and the displacement of intrahepatic zinc. The effect on biliary excretion of zinc is due solely to displacement of intrahepatic zinc. These results are consistent with the proposed hypothesis for cadmium transport.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Transport, Active', 'Cadmium', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Kinetics', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Perfusion', 'Rats', 'Zinc']
| 426,045
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of quercetin as a potential drug in osteosarcoma treatment.
|
BACKGROUND: Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor in children and young adults. Since the introduction of chemotherapy, the 5-year survival rate of patients with non-metastatic osteosarcoma is ~70%. The main problems in osteosarcoma therapy are the occurrence of metastases, severe side-effects and chemoresistance. Antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of quercetin were shown in several types of cancers, including breast cancer and lung carcinoma.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study investigates the cytotoxic potential of quercetin, a dietary flavonoid, in a highly metastasizing human osteosarcoma cell line, 143B.RESULTS: We found that quercetin induces growth inhibition, G2/M phase arrest, and apoptosis in the 143B osteosarcoma cell line. We also observed impaired adhesion and migratory potential after the addition of quercetin.CONCLUSION: Since quercetin has already been shown to have low side effects in a clinical phase I trial in advanced cancer patients, this compound may have considerable potential for osteosarcoma treatment.
|
['Antioxidants', 'Apoptosis', 'Blotting, Western', 'Bone Neoplasms', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Cycle', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Humans', 'Osteosarcoma', 'Quercetin', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Wound Healing']
| 23,564,766
|
[['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['C04.588.149', 'C05.116.231'], ['G04.022'], ['G04.144'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.450.565.575.650', 'C04.557.450.795.620'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.284.777', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.284.777'], ['A11.251.860'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Liver cirrhosis caused by alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency].
|
The authors present 2 patients with cirrhosis of the liver associated with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency. The patients are two children (brother and sister aged 4 and 13). The manifestation of the disease in these two children was a prolonged neonatal icterus. The symptoms of a decompensated cirrhosis of the liver appeared at the age of 2 and 4 years. There were several attacks of obstructive bronchitis etiologically associated with the same cause. The boy died at the age of four of hepatic coma preceded by several bleedings from esophageal varices. Splenectomy was performed in the girl on account of distinct signs of hyperplenism and two and a half years later mesentericocaval shunt because of the extensive bleeding from esophageal varices and the fundus of the stomach. The diagnosis of alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency was made on the basis of low values in the serum and on the basis of liver biops? and findings of typical PAS positive inclusions in the endoplasmic reticulum of hepatocytes. The values of A1A parents are also lower. The finding of Pi phenotypification is significant--the SZ phenotype was found in two patients (brother and sister), which is seldom described in patients with cirrhosis of the liver.
|
['Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Male', 'Phenotype', 'alpha 1-Antitrypsin', 'alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency']
| 2,787,094
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.552.630', 'C23.550.355.412'], ['G05.695'], ['D12.644.861.035', 'D12.776.124.050.070', 'D12.776.124.790.106.085', 'D12.776.377.715.085.085', 'D12.776.395.068', 'D12.776.872.035'], ['C06.552.074', 'C08.381.112', 'C16.320.060', 'C23.550.325.500.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Long-Term Follow-Up after Surgery for Congenital and Developmental Cataracts.
|
PURPOSE: To evaluate long-term functional outcomes after surgery for congenital and developmental cataracts.METHODS: In this retrospective interventional study, patients with congenital and developmental cataracts observed from 1996 to 2013 were included. Traumatic cataracts and cataracts secondary to other pathologies were excluded from the study. Minimum follow-up for inclusion was five years.RESULTS: We included 117 patients operated on for congenital cataracts (58 females and 59 males, mean age 0.59 ± 0.2 years, 160 eyes) and 73 patients operated on for developmental cataracts (32 females and 41 males, mean age 6.63 ± 0.7 years, 121 eyes). Mean postsurgical follow-up was 9.26 ± 1.3 years (range, 5-14 years). After surgery for developmental cataracts, both distance and near BCVA were greater (p = 0.001), as was the presence of binocular vision (p = 0.001), while incidence of strabismus and myopic shift was lower (p = 0.001 and p = 0.02, respectively).CONCLUSION: Postsurgical data showed better functional outcomes in developmental cataracts when compared to congenital cataracts.
|
['Aphakia, Postcataract', 'Cataract', 'Cataract Extraction', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Lens Implantation, Intraocular', 'Male', 'Myopia', 'Pseudophakia', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Strabismus', 'Vision, Binocular', 'Visual Acuity']
| 25,323,995
|
[['C11.510.103.110'], ['C11.510.245'], ['E04.540.825.249'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E04.540.825.600'], ['C11.744.636'], ['C23.888.681'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C10.292.562.887', 'C11.590.810'], ['F02.463.593.932.885'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Prognostic significance of peanut agglutinin binding in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
|
We previously reported the favorable prognosis associated with positive peanut agglutinin (PNA) binding in childhood T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and hypothesized that this may be related to glucocorticoid sensitivity (Veerman et al. Cancer Res 1985, 45: 1890). The purposes of this prospective study involving 202 children with newly diagnosed ALL were to determine the relationship between PNA binding and (1) immunophenotype; (2) in vitro resistance to prednisolone (PRD) and dexamethasone and other drugs; (3) clinical response to a systemic PRD monotherapy (plus one intrathecal injection with methotrexate); and (4) multidrug chemotherapy. PNA positivity was more frequent in T cell ALL (65% of 43 cases) than in pro-B (0% of seven cases), common (17% of 106 cases) and pre-B (16% of 45 cases) ALL (P < 0.001). PNA binding was not associated with in vitro resistance to PRD or dexamethasone. However, in 38 evaluable T cell ALL patients, nine of 13 PNA-negative cases were clinically poor responders to PRD, while all 25 PNA-positive cases were good responders to PRD clinically (P < 0.0001). The four clinically poor PRD responders with B cell precursor (BCP)-ALL were also PNA negative. Within T cell ALL, PNA-positive patients had a 3.4-fold (95% Cl, 1.1-10.4, P = 0.03) lower relative risk of any event, than PNA-negative patients. Within BCP-ALL, PNA binding was not of prognostic significance. In conclusion, PNA positivity, especially frequent in T cell ALL, is a marker for a subgroup of childhood ALL patients who are very likely to respond well to systemic PRD 'monotherapy'. In addition, PNA positivity is a favorable prognostic factor in T cell ALL.
|
['Adolescent', 'Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Arachis', 'Bone Marrow', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Dexamethasone', 'Drug Resistance, Neoplasm', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunophenotyping', 'Infant', 'Injections, Spinal', 'Lectins', 'Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell', 'Male', 'Methotrexate', 'Peanut Agglutinin', 'Plant Lectins', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prednisolone', 'Probability', 'Prognosis', 'Risk Factors', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 8,618,446
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D27.505.954.248.169'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.077'], ['A15.382.216'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.344', 'D04.210.500.908.238'], ['G07.690.773.984.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.447', 'E05.200.812.447', 'E05.478.594.450'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E02.319.267.530.580'], ['D12.776.503'], ['C04.557.337.428.580.100', 'C15.604.515.560.575.100', 'C20.683.515.528.582.100'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.192.500'], ['D12.776.503.499.625', 'D12.776.765.678.625'], ['D12.776.503.499', 'D12.776.765.678'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.795'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Combining DC algorithms (DCAs) and decomposition techniques for the training of nonpositive-semidefinite kernels.
|
Today, decomposition methods are one of the most popular methods for training support vector machines (SVMs). With the use of kernels that do not satisfy Mercer's condition, new techniques must be designed to handle nonpositive-semidefinite kernels resulting to this choice. In this work we incorporate difference of convex (DC functions) optimization techniques into decomposition methods to tackle this difficulty. The new approach needs no problem modification and we show that the only use of a truncated DC algorithms (DCAs) in the decomposition scheme produces a sufficient decrease of the objective function at each iteration. Thanks to this property, an asymptotic convergence proof of the new algorithm is produced without any blockwise convexity assumption on the objective function. We also investigate a working set selection rule using second-order information for sequential minimal optimization (SMO)-type decomposition in the spirit of DC optimization. Numerical results show the robustness and the efficiency of the new methods compared with state-of-the-art software.
|
['Algorithms', 'Artificial Intelligence', 'Computer Simulation', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Pattern Recognition, Automated']
| 18,990,641
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G17.035.250', 'L01.224.050.375'], ['L01.224.160'], ['E05.599'], ['L01.399.750']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Regional left atrial function differentiation in patients with constrictive pericarditis and restrictive cardiomyopathy: a study using speckle tracking echocardiography.
|
Left atrial (LA) function plays an important role in the maintenance of cardiac output. However, whether assessment of regional LA myocardial dysfunction is useful for differentiating between CP and restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) remains unclear. Thirty-five patients with CP, 30 patients with RCM, and 30 healthy volunteers (controls) were enrolled in this study. The LA maximum volume (Vmax), LA minimal volume (Vmin), and LA volume before atrial contraction (Vpre-a) were measured using the biplane modified Simpson's rule. All patients underwent two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (STE). The peak systolic strain rate (SrS), early diastolic strain rate (SrE), and late diastolic strain rate (SrA) of the LA septum, LA lateral wall and superior walls were measured. The LA diastolic and systolic function was found to be reduced in patients with CP and RCM. The SrE in the LA superior wall and lateral wall were significantly decreased in patients with CP and RCM compared with controls (P < 0.001). The SrE of the LA septum in patients with CP was preserved compared to normal controls. Althouth the LA septal SrE in patients with CP was significantly reduced (P < 0.001). For the diagnosis of RCM, a cutoff value 1.40 for SrE of the LA septum showed a sensitivity of 94.7 % and a specificity of 89.7 %. The SrE in the LA superior wall and lateral wall were decreased while the LA septal SrE was preserved in patients with CP, indicating that the rigid pericardium might restrict myocardial motion and deformation in the lateral wall. The measurement of STE to determine the LA septal SrE can be helpful for differentiating between CP and RCM.
|
['Adult', 'Atrial Function, Left', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Cardiomyopathy, Restrictive', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Echocardiography', 'Female', 'Heart Atria', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Contraction', 'Pericarditis, Constrictive', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prospective Studies']
| 26,245,471
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G09.330.040.100'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['C14.280.238.160'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E01.171'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['A07.541.358'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G09.330.580', 'G11.427.494.570'], ['C14.280.720.595'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
IL-6 increases muscle insulin sensitivity only at superphysiological levels.
|
Exercise induces an increase in glucose transport in muscle. As the acute increase in glucose transport reverses, it is replaced by an increase in insulin sensitivity. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) increases with exercise and has been reported to activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Based on this information, we hypothesized that IL-6 would result in an increase in muscle insulin sensitivity. Rat epitrochlearis and soleus muscles were incubated with 120 ng/ml IL-6. Exposure to IL-6 induced a modest acute increase in glucose transport and was followed 3.5 h later by an increase in insulin sensitivity in epitrochlearis but not soleus muscles. IL-6 also brought about an increase in AMPK phosphorylation in epitrochlearis muscles. We conclude that exposure of fast-twitch muscle to 120 ng/ml IL-6 increases insulin sensitivity by activating AMPK. However, exposure of epitrochlearis muscles to 10 ng/ml IL-6, a concentration >100-fold higher than that attained in plasma during exercise, had no effect on glucose transport or insulin sensitivity. These findings provide evidence that the increases in glucose transport and insulin sensitivity induced by IL-6 are pharmacological rather than physiological effects. We interpret our results as evidence that the increase in IL-6 during exercise does not play a role in the exercise-induced increases in muscle glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity.
|
['AMP-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Animals', 'Biological Transport', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Forelimb', 'Glucose', 'Hindlimb', 'Insulin', 'Interleukin-6', 'Male', 'Multienzyme Complexes', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Time Factors']
| 17,327,367
|
[['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.085', 'D12.644.360.062', 'D12.776.476.062'], ['B01.050'], ['G03.143'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['A13.395'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['A13.473'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['D05.500.562', 'D08.811.600'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in South African, French and Argentinian Angora Goats from Genome-Wide SNP Data.
|
The Angora goat populations in Argentina (AR), France (FR) and South Africa (SA) have been kept geographically and genetically distinct. Due to country-specific selection and breeding strategies, there is a need to characterize the populations on a genetic level. In this study we analysed genetic variability of Angora goats from three distinct geographical regions using the standardized 50k Goat SNP Chip. A total of 104 goats (AR: 30; FR: 26; SA: 48) were genotyped. Heterozygosity values as well as inbreeding coefficients across all autosomes per population were calculated. Diversity, as measured by expected heterozygosity (HE) ranged from 0.371 in the SA population to 0.397 in the AR population. The SA goats were the only population with a positive average inbreeding coefficient value of 0.009. After merging the three datasets, standard QC and LD-pruning, 15 105 SNPs remained for further analyses. Principal component and clustering analyses were used to visualize individual relationships within and between populations. All SA Angora goats were separated from the others and formed a well-defined, unique cluster, while outliers were identified in the FR and AR breeds. Apparent admixture between the AR and FR populations was observed, while both these populations showed signs of having some common ancestry with the SA goats. LD averaged over adjacent loci within the three populations per chromosome were calculated. The highest LD values estimated across populations were observed in the shorter intervals across populations. The Ne for the Angora breed was estimated to be 149 animals ten generations ago indicating a declining trend. Results confirmed that geographic isolation and different selection strategies caused genetic distinctiveness between the populations.
|
['Animals', 'Argentina', 'Chromosomes, Mammalian', 'France', 'Genetic Markers', 'Genetic Variation', 'Genetics, Population', 'Genome', 'Goats', 'Linkage Disequilibrium', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Population Density', 'Principal Component Analysis', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'South Africa', 'Statistics as Topic']
| 27,171,175
|
[['B01.050'], ['Z01.107.757.077'], ['A11.284.187.520', 'G05.360.162.520'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['D23.101.387', 'G05.695.450'], ['G05.365'], ['H01.158.273.343.335'], ['G05.360.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.513'], ['G05.348.500'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['N01.224.600', 'N06.850.505.400.600'], ['E05.318.740.562'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['Z01.058.290.175.735'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Comparative genomic analysis of two-component regulatory proteins in Pseudomonas syringae.
|
BACKGROUND: Pseudomonas syringae is a widespread bacterial plant pathogen, and strains of P. syringae may be assigned to different pathovars based on host specificity among different plant species. The genomes of P. syringae pv. syringae (Psy) B728a, pv. tomato (Pto) DC3000 and pv. phaseolicola (Pph) 1448A have been recently sequenced providing a major resource for comparative genomic analysis. A mechanism commonly found in bacteria for signal transduction is the two-component system (TCS), which typically consists of a sensor histidine kinase (HK) and a response regulator (RR). P. syringae requires a complex array of TCS proteins to cope with diverse plant hosts, host responses, and environmental conditions.RESULTS: Based on the genomic data, pattern searches with Hidden Markov Model (HMM) profiles have been used to identify putative HKs and RRs. The genomes of Psy B728a, Pto DC3000 and Pph 1448A were found to contain a large number of genes encoding TCS proteins, and a core of complete TCS proteins were shared between these genomes: 30 putative TCS clusters, 11 orphan HKs, 33 orphan RRs, and 16 hybrid HKs. A close analysis of the distribution of genes encoding TCS proteins revealed important differences in TCS proteins among the three P. syringae pathovars.CONCLUSION: In this article we present a thorough analysis of the identification and distribution of TCS proteins among the sequenced genomes of P. syringae. We have identified differences in TCS proteins among the three P. syringae pathovars that may contribute to their diverse host ranges and association with plant hosts. The identification and analysis of the repertoire of TCS proteins in the genomes of P. syringae pathovars constitute a basis for future functional genomic studies of the signal transduction pathways in this important bacterial phytopathogen.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Chemotactic Factors', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'Genome, Bacterial', 'Histidine Kinase', 'Host-Parasite Interactions', 'Models, Biological', 'Multigene Family', 'Protein Kinases', 'Pseudomonas syringae', 'Transcription Factors']
| 17,971,244
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['D23.125'], ['E05.393.183'], ['G05.308.300'], ['G05.360.340.358.207'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.424'], ['G16.527.200.400'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.770', 'B03.660.250.580.590.770'], ['D12.776.930']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Age-related changes in the antioxidative potential of cerebral microvessels.
|
To determine if aging in rats is associated with increased susceptibility of cerebral microvessels to oxidative damage microvessels from the cerebrum of 4-, 12-, 18- and 26-month-old male Fischer 344 rats were studied. The malondialdehyde (MDA) (micrograms/mg protein) content of cerebral microvessels from 12-month-old rats (0.032 +/- 0.002) was significantly higher than that in 4-month-old rats (0.020 +/- 0.015) P < 0.01. The difference between 26-month-old (0.025 +/- 0.002) and 4-month-old rats did not reach statistical significance. The antioxidative potential was measured in the presence of a peroxy radical generator 2,2'-azobis(2-amidionopropane)hydrochloride (AAPH) with monitoring of the fluorescence of phycoerythrin at 37 degrees C. The free radical quenching activity of cerebral microvessels expressed as % inhibition of phycoerythrin oxidation by AAPH was significantly reduced in 12-month-old (33.6 +/- 4.6%) and 18-month-old rats (26.9 +/- 1.4%) compared with 4-month-old rats (54.3 +/- 4.9%) (P < 0.01). The 26-month-old rats (46.4 +/- 4.6%) were not significantly different from 4-month-old rats. It is concluded that aging is associated with increased lipid peroxidation byproducts in cerebral microvessels along with a transient decrease in their antioxidative capacity.
|
['Aging', 'Amidines', 'Animals', 'Antioxidants', 'Free Radicals', 'Lipid Peroxidation', 'Male', 'Malondialdehyde', 'Microcirculation', 'Phycoerythrin', 'Prosencephalon', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred F344']
| 7,728,528
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['D02.078'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D01.339', 'D02.389'], ['G02.111.515', 'G03.295.531.587'], ['D02.047.700'], ['G09.330.100.645'], ['D05.500.562.488.490.500.500.777', 'D08.811.600.710.490.500.500.777', 'D12.776.765.665', 'D23.767.705'], ['A08.186.211.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.200', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.200']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Association between EPCs count and rate of coronary revascularization in asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients.
|
Coronary arterial disease (CAD) is common in diabetic patients, and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are considered a surrogate marker for CAD, but controversies regarding this issue still remain. We investigated the potential clinical role of EPCs during coronary screening in asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients screened with cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). A total of 100 asymptomatic type 2 diabetic subjects (51 men and 49 women) were enrolled. Clinical and laboratory parameters, including EPCs (CD34(+)/CD133(+)/VEGFR-2(+)) count, were evaluated and CMR was performed. A total of 51 patients [silent myocardial infarction (n = 3), inducible ischemia (n = 11), suspected CAD (n = 37)] had abnormal finding on CMR. Of the 20 patients who later underwent invasive coronary angiography, 8 were treated with revascularization. Fifty-one subjects with abnormal finding on CMR were divided into two groups [subjects with revascularization (group I, n = 8) vs. without revascularization (group II, n = 43)]. Group I had a significantly increased EPCs level than group II (833 vs. 415, P = 0.027). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that an increased EPCs level (OR = 1.003, P = 0.024) and a high body-mass index (OR = 1.907, P = 0.028) were independently correlated with revascularization. In our study, increased EPCs count is associated with performing revascularization in asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients, and that increased EPCs count can provide clinically important information while performing intervention.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Asymptomatic Diseases', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cell Count', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Diabetic Angiopathies', 'Endothelial Cells', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Revascularization', 'Stem Cells']
| 22,160,247
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.291.187'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['C14.907.320', 'C19.246.099.500'], ['A11.436.275'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.100.376.719', 'E04.928.220.520'], ['A11.872']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of unesterified cholesterol on the compartmentation of a fluorescent cholesteryl ester in a lipoprotein-like lipid microemulsion.
|
The access of enzymes and lipid transfer proteins to neutral lipids located predominantly in the core compartment of lipoproteins may be determined to some degree by the solubility of the neutral lipids in the surface monolayer of phospholipid. This report concerns the hypothesis that unesterfied cholesterol can affect the partition of a cholesteryl ester between the surface monolayer of a lipid emulsion and the internal core compartment, thus controlling the degree to which the cholesteryl ester is presented at the emulsion surface. For microemulsions composed of dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine and cholesteryl oleate, the addition of unesterified cholesterol results in an increase in the particle size from about 170 nm diameter to 210 nm diameter at 13.5 mol% unesterified cholesterol. Fluorescent quenching methods were devised to determine the apparent partition of a fluorescent cholesteryl ester (cholesteryl anthracene-9-carboxylate) between surface and core compartments. The addition of unesterified cholesterol resulted in the movement of the fluorescent cholesteryl ester from the surface monolayer to the core compartment. The apparent partition coefficient, defined as the ratio of the concentration of probe in the monolayer to that in the core, decreased from 1.03 in the absence of unesterfied cholesterol to 0.54 at 28 mol% unesterified cholesterol in the emulsion. In this process, the fluorescent cholesteryl ester becomes less accessible to a quencher (5-doxyl stearate) located in the surface monolayer. The decrease in the surface curvature resulting from incorporation of unesterified cholesterol into the particle does not influence this quenching process. We conclude that the presence of unesterified cholesterol in the emulsion causes the fluorescent cholesteryl ester to become less soluble in the surface monolayer.
|
['Cholesterol', 'Cholesterol Esters', 'Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine', 'Emulsions', 'Esterification', 'Lipid Metabolism', 'Lipoproteins', 'Membranes', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Particle Size', 'Solubility', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence']
| 1,527,474
|
[['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284.200', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197.200', 'D10.570.938.208.250'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.800.200'], ['D20.280.260', 'D26.255.165.260'], ['G02.111.270', 'G02.607.250', 'G03.344'], ['G03.458'], ['D10.532', 'D12.776.521'], ['A10.615'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['G02.712'], ['G02.805'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Changes in Medical Documentation over the Last Five Decades.
|
In medical documentation, standardized coding schemes are used to facilitate sharing, transformation and reusability of data. First, classification systems coding schemes have been introduced. While classification systems are mainly used for statistical purposes, individual care documentation moves towards the use of nomenclatures coding schemes. The paper presents an overview of the development of coding schemes. Different coding schemes serve different purposes. Multiaxial schemes are the way of choice for comprehensively documenting complex care processes. There is a movement from mono-hierarchical classification systems to concept-based, multi-purpose and multi-hierarchical terminologies.
|
['Current Procedural Terminology', 'History, 20th Century', 'History, 21st Century', 'Humans', 'Information Management', 'International Classification of Diseases', 'Medical Records Systems, Computerized', 'Medical Records, Problem-Oriented', 'Vocabulary, Controlled']
| 18,376,052
|
[['L01.453.245.945.160'], ['K01.400.504.968'], ['K01.400.504.984'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.399'], ['L01.453.245.945.400'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.625', 'L01.313.500.750.300.695', 'N04.452.859.564.650', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.530', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968.625'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.550', 'N04.452.859.564.600', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.520', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968.550'], ['L01.453.245.945']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Exposing the body--baring the soul.
|
It is often considered important that clothing should not be visible in a good medical photograph. Medical illustrators offer the clinical professionalism to allow most of their patients to feel comfortable being photographed. For some patients, however, consenting to medical photography involves more than a temporary embarrassment. This paper seeks to explore some of the religious and cultural beliefs that the medical photographer may be asking the patient to compromise in the studio.
|
['Autopsy', 'Culture', 'Human Body', 'Humans', 'Patient Rights', 'Photography', 'Religion']
| 12,150,030
|
[['E01.370.060', 'E05.070', 'I01.198.780.937.120'], ['I01.076.201.450', 'I01.880.853.100'], ['I01.076.201.450.560', 'K01.093.378'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.880.604.473.650', 'N03.706.437.650'], ['E01.370.350.600', 'E05.712'], ['K01.844']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Expenditures on Complementary Health Approaches: United States, 2012.
|
OBJECTIVE: This report presents estimates of expenditures on complementary health approach use among the U.S. population. Estimates are presented for adults and children separately and combined, as well as stratified by type of approach and family income.METHODS: Combined data from 44,743 individuals aged 4 years and over, collected as part of the 2012 National Health Interview Survey, were analyzed for this report. Sample data were weighted to produce national estimates that are representative of the civilian noninstitutionalized U.S. population. Differences between percentages were evaluated using two-sided significance tests at the 0.05 level. Linear regression was used to assess trends in expenditures when stratifying by family income.RESULTS: An estimated 59 million persons aged 4 years and over had at least one expenditure for some type of complementary health approach, resulting in total out-of-pocket expenditures of $30.2 billion. More was spent on visits to complementary practitioners ($14.7 billion) than for purchases of natural product supplements ($12.8 billion) or self-care approaches ($2.7 billion). The mean per user out-of-pocket expenditure for visits to a complementary practitioner ($433) was significantly more than for purchases of natural product supplements ($368) or for self-care approaches ($257). Adults had higher mean annual out-of-pocket expenditures for visits to complementary practitioners than children ($442 and $291, respectively). Total out-of-pocket expenditures and mean per user out-of pocket expenditures for complementary health approaches increased significantly as family income increased. The mean per user out-of-pocket expenditure for complementary health approaches was $435 for persons with family incomes less than $25,000 and $590 for persons with family incomes of $100,000 or more.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Complementary Therapies', 'Financing, Personal', 'Humans', 'Nutrition Surveys', 'United States', 'Young Adult']
| 27,352,222
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E02.190'], ['N03.219.559'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.980.485', 'N05.715.360.300.800.469', 'N06.850.505.616', 'N06.850.520.308.980.469'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Investigation of Saliva as an Alternative to Plasma Monitoring of Voriconazole.
|
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of voriconazole is increasingly being implemented in clinical practice. However, as blood sampling can be difficult in paediatric and ambulatory patients, a non-invasive technique for TDM is desirable. The aim of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics of voriconazole in saliva with the pharmacokinetics of unbound and total voriconazole in plasma in order to clinically validate saliva as an alternative to plasma in voriconazole TDM.METHODS: In this pharmacokinetic study, paired plasma and saliva samples were taken at steady state in adult haematology and pneumology patients treated with voriconazole. Unbound and bound plasma voriconazole concentrations were separated using high-throughput equilibrium dialysis. Voriconazole concentrations were determined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using log-linear regression.RESULTS: Sixty-three paired samples were obtained from ten patients (seven haematology and three pneumology patients). Pearson's correlation coefficients (R values) for saliva versus unbound and total plasma voriconazole concentrations showed a very strong correlation, with values of 0.970 (p < 0.001) and 0.891 (p < 0.001), respectively. Linear mixed modelling revealed strong agreement between voriconazole concentrations in saliva and unbound plasma voriconazole concentrations, with a mean bias of -0.03 (95 % confidence interval -0.14 to 0.09; p = 0.60). For total concentrations below 10 mg/L, the mean ratio of saliva to total plasma voriconazole concentrations was 0.51 ± 0.08 (n = 63), which did not differ significantly (p = 0.76) from the unbound fraction of voriconazole in plasma of 0.49 ± 0.03 (n = 36).CONCLUSIONS: Saliva can serve as a reliable alternative to plasma in voriconazole TDM, and it can easily be implemented in clinical practice.
|
['Administration, Intravenous', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Antifungal Agents', 'Aspergillosis', 'Drug Monitoring', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Saliva', 'Voriconazole']
| 25,910,879
|
[['E02.319.267.082'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.122.136'], ['C01.150.703.080'], ['E01.370.520.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A12.200.666'], ['D03.383.129.799.950']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[The neuronal reactions of the nucleus solitarius in response to stimulation of the gastric mechanoreceptors].
|
Mechanical stimulation of the cat stomach revealed two groups of neuronal responses in the solitary tract's nucleus: phasic and tonic those. The neurons with phasic responses were found mainly in the caudal portion of the nucleus and could be regarded as representing stomach's mechanoreceptors. The neurons with tonic excitatory and inhibitory responses were located diffusely in the nucleus. Possible significance of these groups of neurons for the gastric bulbar centre's activity, is discussed.
|
['Animals', 'Brain Mapping', 'Cats', 'Evoked Potentials', 'Mechanoreceptors', 'Medulla Oblongata', 'Microelectrodes', 'Neurons', 'Physical Stimulation', 'Stomach']
| 1,666,588
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['G07.265.216.500', 'G11.561.200.500'], ['A08.675.650.915.750', 'A08.800.950.750', 'A11.671.650.915.750'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.591.500'], ['E07.305.250.500'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['E05.723'], ['A03.556.875.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Role of multisection CT angiography in the evaluation of vertebrobasilar vasospasm in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage.
|
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Optimal means for assessing cerebral vasospasm, mainly at the vertebrobasilar system, have not been established. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of multisection CT angiography (MCTA) in the detection and quantification of vertebrobasilar vasospasm (VBS) indicated on transcranial Doppler (TCD) imaging in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).METHODS: Forty-three MCTA studies of the vertebrobasilar arteries were performed with a multisection spiral CT scanner in 36 patients with SAH. Parameters used were 1-mm collimation, 0.625Q pitch, 120 kV, and 250 mAs. Contrast material was injected (80-100 mL, 3 mL/s) after a 15-20-second delay. Postprocessing of the vertebrobasilar system was performed by using maximum intensity projection and volume-rendering reconstruction. Vessel diameter was measured at different intracranial locations along the vertebral and basilar arteries perpendicular to their long axis by using curved reformatted multiplanar reformation. TCD imaging of the posterior circulation was performed within 24 hours.RESULTS: MCTA demonstrated narrowed arteries compatible with VBS in 13 patients, consistent with TCD findings. Despite TCD recordings of high flow velocity in three other patients, MCTA did not reveal vasospasm but did show wide arteries feeding arteriovenous malformations in two and normal-sized arteries in one. VBS in two patients was identified on MCTA but overlooked during TCD imaging. Twenty patients had normal findings on both TCD and MCTA studies.CONCLUSION: Cerebral MCTA is recommended as a reliable, rapid, and minimally invasive diagnostic method, one complementary to TCD imaging for assessing VBS in patients with SAH.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Basilar Artery', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Cerebral Angiography', 'Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Reference Values', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Statistics as Topic', 'Subarachnoid Hemorrhage', 'Tomography, Spiral Computed', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial', 'Vasospasm, Intracranial', 'Vertebral Artery', 'Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency']
| 15,502,127
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A07.015.114.106'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['E01.370.350.578.937.180', 'E01.370.350.700.060.180', 'E01.370.350.700.560.180', 'E01.370.370.050.180', 'E01.370.376.537.750.180', 'E05.629.937.180'], ['C10.228.140.199.275.300', 'C10.228.140.300.535.200.200', 'C10.228.140.300.535.450.200.750', 'C10.900.300.087.187.300', 'C10.900.300.837.150.650', 'C14.907.253.573.200.200', 'C14.907.253.573.400.150.300', 'C26.915.300.200.175.300', 'C26.915.300.490.150.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['C10.228.140.300.520', 'C10.500.190.500', 'C14.240.850.750.295', 'C14.240.850.875.500', 'C14.907.150.295', 'C14.907.253.560.400', 'C16.131.240.850.750.295', 'C16.131.240.850.875.500', 'C16.131.666.190.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830'], ['C10.228.140.300.535.800', 'C14.907.253.573.800', 'C23.550.414.913.850'], ['E01.370.350.350.810.800', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.800', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.800', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.800', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.800'], ['E01.370.350.578.937.260.850', 'E01.370.350.700.560.260.850', 'E01.370.350.850.260.850', 'E01.370.350.850.850.870', 'E01.370.376.537.750.260.850', 'E05.629.937.260.850'], ['C10.228.140.300.900', 'C14.907.253.951'], ['A07.015.114.955'], ['C10.228.140.300.150.956', 'C14.907.253.092.956']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Search for association between suicide attempt and serotonergic polymorphisms.
|
Serotonergic neurotransmission has been implicated in suicidal behavior. Polymorphisms in the genes coding for tryptophan hydroxylase, serotonin receptor 2A and serotonin transporter were investigated in a sample of suicide attempters (n = 165) and healthy control subjects (n = 99). No significant differences were found for any of the investigated polymorphisms. Neither did any significant differences emerge in comparison with control subjects when the suicide attempters were grouped into different diagnostic categories: unipolar disorder (n = 45), adjustment disorder (n = 37), substance use disorder (n = 37) and personality disorder, cluster B (n = 36). The results suggest that alleles defined by the investigated polymorphisms do not represent a major determinant in suicide attempt. However, a highly significant (P = 0.001; odds ratio, 1.47; 99% confidence interval, 1.42-1.53) allelic association between tryptophan hydroxylase and suicide attempt is indicated after pooling our data with literature data. In light of previous data, a possible association between the tryptophan hydroxylase polymorphism and a phenotype that may become differently stratified within differently selected samples of suicide attempters is discussed.
|
['Adjustment Disorders', 'Alleles', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Depression', 'Europe', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Membrane Transport Proteins', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Odds Ratio', 'Personality Disorders', 'Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A', 'Receptors, Serotonin', 'Serotonin', 'Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins', 'Substance-Related Disorders', 'Suicide, Attempted', 'Sweden', 'Tryptophan Hydroxylase']
| 10,909,124
|
[['F03.950.500'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['D12.776.157'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['Z01.542'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['D12.776.157.530', 'D12.776.543.585'], ['D12.776.631'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['F03.675'], ['G05.365.795.595'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.800.200.100', 'D12.776.543.750.695.800.200.100', 'D12.776.543.750.720.850.200.100'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.800', 'D12.776.543.750.695.800', 'D12.776.543.750.720.850'], ['D02.092.211.215.801.852', 'D03.633.100.473.914.814', 'D23.469.050.650'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.625.311', 'D12.776.157.530.562.374.875', 'D12.776.157.530.937.624', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625.374', 'D12.776.543.585.562.374.875', 'D12.776.543.585.937.747'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900'], ['F01.145.126.980.875.600', 'I01.880.735.856.600'], ['Z01.542.816.500'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.870']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Evaluation of IDI-MRDA assay on a collection of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates and on carriage specimens].
|
UNLABELLED: The efficacy of infection control measures against MRSA is linked to the rapid detection of MRSA. With the conventional diagnosis by culture the response delays vary from 48 to 72 hours. In contrast molecular techniques give results within hours.OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present study is to perform the IDI-MRSA PCR test (BD Diagnostic GeneOhm) on a collection of characterized community-acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) isolates and on carriage specimens. COLLECTION OF ISOLATES: Fifty-two isolates of CA-MRSA previously characterised by their toxinotype and SCCmec type cassette were analysed. All of them were identified as MRSA by the IDI-MRSA test.SPECIMENS: Seventy screening specimens from 35 different patients were tested in comparison with the culture on specific media (MRSA ID, BioM?rieux). Among those 70 specimens, 24 were from nose, 25 from cutaneous sites (axillar; groin) and 21 from other sites. Sensitivity and specificity were 86.4 and 91.3% respectively; positive and negative predictive values were 93.3 and 82.6% respectively.RESULTS: Three of four false-positive results came from specimens collected during a decolonisation treatment. Without taking account those specimens, specificity and positive predictive reach 97.9 and 95% respectively. This study shows that IDI-MRSA is an interesting additional test for the diagnosis of MRSA carriage.
|
['Culture Media', 'False Positive Reactions', 'Humans', 'Methicillin Resistance', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Staphylococcal Infections', 'Staphylococcus aureus']
| 17,913,391
|
[['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['E01.354.506'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G06.099.225.500.600.525', 'G06.225.347.500.600.525', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.500.600.525'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['C01.150.252.410.868'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Coronary angiography by means of the percutaneous transbrachial approach.
|
A simplified method of coronary angiography was performed by means of the percutaneous transbrachial approach with a 5-F catheter designed for selective cannulation of the right and left coronary arteries. On 70 serial coronary angiograms, visualization of the coronary arteries was sufficient in all cases with no major complication. The preformed catheter required only simple manipulation. This method was easy, safe, and rapid in the investigation of coronary artery disease.
|
['Angiography', 'Brachial Artery', 'Catheterization, Peripheral', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Humans']
| 2,028,007
|
[['E01.370.350.700.060', 'E01.370.370.050'], ['A07.015.114.139'], ['E02.148.224', 'E04.100.814.529.937', 'E04.502.382.937', 'E05.157.375'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A right atrial mass and a pseudomass.
|
Right atrial (RA) masses are rare entities often detected incidentally during imaging studies. Leading etiologies of right atrial masses are tumor, thrombi, and vegetations. We present two cases of right atrial masses, a cardiac lipoma and an artifact. Clinical and echocardiographic characteristics of benign cardiac tumors are reviewed. We then highlight the importance of considering artifact in the differential diagnosis of atrial masses. Finally, we discuss echocardiographic characteristics of right atrial masses that may provide clues for diagnosis. Right atrial masses, often detected incidentally during imaging studies, are uncommon and can be due to many etiologies including tumors, thrombus, vegetations, normal variants, and artifacts. We describe 2 patients with RA masses detected on routine transthoracic echocardiogram.
|
['Aged', 'Artifacts', 'Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Echocardiography', 'Heart Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Lipoma', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male']
| 15,901,299
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.047'], ['E04.100.376', 'E04.928.220'], ['E01.171'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['C04.588.894.309', 'C14.280.459'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.450.550.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Clinical Value of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen (SCCAg) in Anal Cancer - A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis.
|
AIM: To assess the clinical value of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCAg) in anal cancer for chemoradiotherapy (CRT) patients.PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 24 patients with SCC of the anus, SCCAg was determined before CRT and at every follow-up visit.RESULTS: 16/24 (66.7%) had normal SCCAg and 11/16 (68.8%) achieved complete remission (CR), while 7/8 (87.5%) with elevated SCCAg achieved CR. In two patients, elevated SCCAg was observed after radiotherapy. One was false-positive and one was true-positive leading to diagnosis of metachronous recurrent and metastatic disease after interim CR.CONCLUSION: SCCAg was inappropriate to predict the clinical outcome but can provide additional information on the regular follow-up examinations to detect a relapse.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antigens, Neoplasm', 'Anus Neoplasms', 'Chemoradiotherapy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Serpins']
| 27,272,844
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D23.050.285'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.790.040', 'C06.301.371.411.307.790.040', 'C06.405.249.411.307.790.040', 'C06.405.469.491.307.790.040', 'C06.405.469.860.101.163', 'C06.405.469.860.180.500.040'], ['E02.186.079', 'E02.319.164', 'E02.815.160'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['D12.644.861', 'D12.776.872', 'D27.505.519.389.745.800.675']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Heat denaturation of hemocytocardiotoxin from the venom of the Central Asian cobra].
|
It has been stated that boiled for three hours haemocytocardiotoxin (HT) from cobra poison loses "direct" hemolytic activity and is unable to potentiate a haemolytic effect of phospholipase A. Surface activity of HT does not change. It is shown that in the course of heat denaturation the aggregation of toxin molecules to dimers and trimers takes place and electrophoretic mobility is decreased. The fluorescence of HT tyroxin residues supported the fact of its irreversible heat denaturation.
|
['Animals', 'Cobra Cardiotoxin Proteins', 'Elapid Venoms', 'Hot Temperature', 'Luminescence', 'Phospholipases', 'Protein Denaturation']
| 911,899
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.831.222', 'D20.888.850.325.180', 'D23.946.833.850.325.180'], ['D20.888.850.325', 'D23.946.833.850.325'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665', 'G01.590.540.665', 'G01.750.250.650.665', 'G01.750.770.578.665'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.680', 'D08.811.277.352.640.700'], ['G01.154.651.750.500', 'G02.111.688.750.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Structural and functional aspects of Bufo americanus spermatozoa: effects of inactivation and reactivation.
|
Very little is known about the effects of manipulating toad sperm activity in vitro, and such information is important in the development of a genetic resource bank for bufonid species. The specific objectives of this study were to: 1). identify the optimal inactivation and reactivation solutions for toad spermatozoa collected in urine; 2). establish the length of time toad spermatozoa can be exposed to an inactivation buffer and still resume motility upon reactivation; 3). evaluate the consequence of inactivation on specific sperm characteristics; and 4). characterize the sperm mitochondria vesicle (MV) and its relationship to motility. Reactivated sperm motility was similar after inactivation in either Simplified Amphibian Ringers (SAR) solution or DeBoer's (DB) solution. Diluting the buffer by 80% with water provided the best method for reactivating sperm. Dilutions with NaCl solutions (10-50 mM) produced inferior results. SAR-inactivated spermatozoa could remain suspended up to 4 hr and still regain 25% of initial motility upon reactivation in water. Compared to the controls, sperm motility was greater (P<0.01) over time for samples treated with SAR, although forward progression was significantly lower. Furthermore, SAR treatment resulted in sperm samples with a greater number of viable, morphologically normal, and intact MVs over time. Electron microscopy and fluorescent staining confirmed that the toad sperm's MV contains a large number of active mitochondria with very few other cytoplasmic structures. Nearly all spermatozoa exhibiting motility had an intact MV, and dissociation of this structure was clearly related to motility loss. In conclusion, toad spermatozoa can be effectively inactivated and reactivated by varying the osmolality of the external solutions and, although sperm forward progression is reduced, all other characteristics are well maintained. Moreover, the increased number of spermatozoa with intact MV after inactivation suggests the process may help preserve this important structure.
|
['Animals', 'Bufonidae', 'Isotonic Solutions', 'Male', 'Mitochondria', "Ringer's Solution", 'Sperm Motility', 'Spermatozoa', 'Time Factors']
| 12,541,301
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.210'], ['D26.776.498'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['D26.776.498.750'], ['E01.370.225.992.812', 'E05.200.992.812', 'G04.198.750'], ['A05.360.490.890', 'A11.497.760'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Suppression of plasma estrogen levels by letrozole and anastrozole is related to body mass index in patients with breast cancer.
|
PURPOSE: To investigate whether suppression of plasma estradiol and estrone sulfate levels by the aromatase inhibitors (AIs) anastrozole and letrozole is related to body mass index (BMI) in postmenopausal women with early estrogen receptor (ER) -positive breast cancer. Recent studies have reported that the AI anastrozole has lower effectiveness than tamoxifen in women with high BMI. This effect with high BMI might hypothetically be a result of reduced inhibition of aromatase and suppression of plasma estrogen levels and might be overcome by the use of an increased dose of anastrozole or, alternatively, the use of a more potent AI such as letrozole.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Plasma estradiol and estrone sulfate levels from a highly sensitive radioimmunoassay were available for 44 postmenopausal patients who received anastrozole (1 mg per day) for 3 months followed by letrozole (2.5 mg per day) for 3 months or the opposite sequence. Correlations between the estrogen suppression by each AI and BMI were assessed.RESULTS: Baseline values of estradiol and estrone sulfate were significantly correlated with BMI (r = 0.57; P < .001, and r = 0.38; P = .006, respectively). Levels of estrogen in patients receiving treatment were greater at higher levels of BMI with both AIs, but although this was significant with letrozole (r = 0.35; P = .013, and r = 0.30; P = .035 for estradiol and estrone sulfate, respectively), it was not with anastrozole. Suppression of both estrogen types was greater with letrozole across the full range of BMIs in this study.CONCLUSION: The suppressed levels of plasma estradiol and estrone sulfate in postmenopausal women with early ER-positive breast cancer treated with the AIs anastrozole and letrozole are related to BMI.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Anastrozole', 'Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal', 'Aromatase Inhibitors', 'Body Mass Index', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Estrogens', 'Estrone', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Letrozole', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent', 'Nitriles', 'Postmenopause', 'Triazoles']
| 22,802,308
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D02.626.218', 'D03.383.129.799.275'], ['D27.505.954.248.169'], ['D27.505.519.389.870.300', 'D27.505.696.399.450.327.149', 'D27.505.696.399.450.855.300'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.277'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.414', 'D04.210.500.578.502.497', 'D06.472.040.502.497', 'D06.472.334.851.437.996'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.626.300', 'D03.383.129.799.638'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.626'], ['D02.626'], ['G08.686.157.500.625', 'G08.686.841.249.500.625'], ['D03.383.129.799']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The influence of sex hormones on anterior cruciate ligament rupture: female study.
|
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in the concentrations of testosterone, 17-â estradiol and progesterone between female patients with and without ACL rupture and the possible effect of these hormones on generalised joint laxity.METHODS: Female subjects with non-contact knee joint injury were included in this study. They were divided into two groups: the examined group, consisting of female subjects with ACL rupture, and the control group, consisting of female patients without ACL rupture. In the next step, the patients from these two groups were paired off on the basis of three factors: the level of professional sports involvement (including the type of sports activity), the side of the body where the injury had occurred (left or right) and the age of the subjects. In the end, there were 12 pairs (24 subjects). The concentrations of sex hormones were established from saliva specimens with the aid of the Salimetrics enzyme immunoassay. Generalised joint laxity was tested with the aid of the "laxity score" according to Beighton, Solomon and Soskolne.RESULTS: Female subjects with ACL rupture had significantly lower concentrations of testosterone (p < 0.01), significantly lower concentrations of 17-â estradiol (p < 0.05) and significantly lower concentrations of progesterone (p < 0.01) than female subjects with intact ACL.CONCLUSIONS: Decreased concentrations of testosterone, 17-â estradiol or progesterone may be a risk factor leading to ACL rupture. The concentrations of these hormones do not affect generalised joint laxity. Additional research on a larger group of patients is necessary to further determine the effects of these hormones on generalised joint laxity and ACL ruptures. Young female athletes with lower concentrations of sex hormones are more prone to anterior cruciate ligament rupture which is why they need to reduce their sports activities during the pre-ovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle, when these concentrations are additionally reduced.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anterior Cruciate Ligament', 'Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries', 'Athletic Injuries', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Follicular Phase', 'Gonadal Steroid Hormones', 'Humans', 'Joint Instability', 'Knee Injuries', 'Knee Joint', 'Menstrual Cycle', 'Progesterone', 'Risk Factors', 'Rupture', 'Saliva', 'Sex Factors', 'Testosterone', 'Young Adult']
| 24,832,697
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A02.513.514.100', 'A02.835.583.512.100', 'A10.165.669.514.100'], ['C26.558.554.213'], ['C26.115'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['G08.686.605.310'], ['D06.472.334.851'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.550.521'], ['C26.558.554'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['G08.686.605'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C26.761'], ['A12.200.666'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.429.824', 'D06.472.334.851.968.984'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Characterization of the Oxygen Transmission Rate of Oak Wood Species Used in Cooperage.
|
The oxygen that wine receives while aged in barrels is of interest because it defines the reactions that occur during aging and, therefore, the final properties of the wine. This study is intended to make up for the lack of information concerning the oxygen permeability of eight different woods of Quercus alba L. and Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. commonly used. In addition, it shows how oxygen transfer evolves with the liquid contact time during testing under similar aging conditions to those in wine barrels. French oak woods permitted a higher oxygenation rate than American ones in all cases. A decrease in the oxygen entry caused by impregnation of the wood during the process was observed in all of the species studied. This process is determined by the thickness of the flooded wood layer containing free water, although differently in the two species, possibly due to the anatomical structure and the logging process for each.
|
['Food Packaging', 'Kinetics', 'Oxygen', 'Permeability', 'Quercus', 'Wine', 'Wood']
| 28,040,893
|
[['J01.576.423.200.375', 'J01.576.423.850.600', 'J01.576.761.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['G02.723'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.750.300.500'], ['G07.203.100.100.900', 'G07.203.200.887', 'J02.200.100.900', 'J02.350.887'], ['A18.450.500.500', 'J01.637.241.900']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Study of structural changes in chromatin in the presence of mono- and divalent cations by means of flow linear dichroism].
|
The chromatin structure in solution was studied by the flow linear dichroism method (LD) in a wide range of ionic strengths. It was found that the increasing of the ionic strength from 0.25 mM EDTA, pH 7.0 to 100 mM NaCl leads to a manifold decrease of the LD amplitude of chromatin and inversion of the LD sign from negative to positive at 2 mM NaCl. Chromatin exhibits a positive LD maximum value at 10-20 mM NaCl. These data enable us to conclude that in very low ionic strength (0.25 mM EDTA-2mM NaCl) the nucleosome discs are oriented with their flat faces parallel to the chromatin filament axis. Increasing ionic strength up to 20 mM NaCl leads to reorientation of the nucleosome discs and to formation of chromatin structure with nucleosome flat faces more or less perpendicular to the fibril axis. A conformational transition of that kind is not revealed in H1-depleted chromatin. This testifies to the fact that the histone H1 is responsible for the higher order structure of chromatin. It was found that divalent cations do not induce the inversion of the LD sign of chromatin.
|
['Animals', 'Cations, Divalent', 'Cations, Monovalent', 'Cattle', 'Chromatin', 'Kinetics', 'Models, Structural', 'Osmolar Concentration', 'Spectrum Analysis', 'Thymus Gland']
| 7,144,752
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.248.497.300.333'], ['D01.248.497.300.459'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.180', 'D12.776.664.224', 'G05.360.160.180'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['J01.897.280.500.545', 'L01.178.820.090.545'], ['G02.640'], ['E05.196.867'], ['A10.549.750', 'A15.382.520.604.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Nicotinic acid reduction of plasma volume loss after thermal trauma.
|
Intravenous administration of nicotinic acid to the anesthetized dog prior to thermal trauma reduced plasma loss at 10 minutes after burn from 7 milliliters per kilogram to less than 2 millimeters per kilogram. During the next 50 minutes plasma loss was the same in treated and untreated animals. An additional dose of nicotinic acid 30 minutes after burn prevented this further loss.
|
['Animals', 'Burns', 'Capillary Permeability', 'Dogs', 'Fatty Acids, Nonesterified', 'Female', 'Male', 'Nicotinic Acids', 'Plasma Volume', 'Prostaglandins']
| 1,251,199
|
[['B01.050'], ['C26.200'], ['G03.143.330', 'G09.330.165'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['D10.251.310'], ['D03.066.515', 'D03.383.725.547'], ['G09.188.130.610', 'G09.330.380.092.610'], ['D10.251.355.255.550', 'D23.469.050.175.725']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Analysis of the Internal Bed Regulation Committees from hospitals of a Southern Brazilian city.
|
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the composition of the Internal Regulation Committees created in hospitals of a capital city.METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study assessing the structure, processes and results of each Committee.RESULTS: The main reasons for implementing the committees were legal issues and overcrowding in the emergency department. The most monitored indicators were the occupancy rate and the mean length of stay, and the most observed results were reductions in the latter. Institutional protocols were developed in 70% of cases, and the degree of support that the Internal Regulation Committee received from the hospital managers was high, despite being only average the support received from the medical teams. Promoting the efficient use of beds seemed to be the main goal. To achieve it, the Internal Regulation Committee had to control hospital capacity at levels that allowed proper and safe bed turnover for patients. The strategies for this were varied and needed to integrate administrative and care issues.CONCLUSION: The Internal Regulation Committees were a management tool with great potential and promising results in the experiences evaluated.
|
['Advisory Committees', 'Bed Occupancy', 'Brazil', 'Hospital Administration', 'Hospital Bed Capacity', 'Humans', 'Patient Admission']
| 29,091,157
|
[['N03.706.742.500'], ['N02.278.050'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['H02.309', 'N02.278.216.500', 'N04.452.442.452'], ['N02.278.306.472'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.400.600', 'N02.421.585.400.600']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Diagnostic accuracy of clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging for common articular wrist pathology.
|
The authors retrospectively compared the diagnostic accuracy of clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging for intra-articular wrist pathology (triangular fibrocartilage complex, lunotriquetral and scapholunate injuries), using wrist arthroscopy as the gold standard. Sixty-six patients had clinical examination and arthroscopy; 38 of them also had magnetic resonance imaging. The diagnostic accuracy of clinical examination for all three injuries combined was 56.1%, and the accuracy of MRI was 55.3%. Magnetic resonance imaging was more specific, while clinical examination was more sensitive. Clinical examination was more accurate for specific triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) injuries, while magnetic resonance imaging was more accurate for lunotriquetral (LT) and scapholunate (SL) ligament injuries. The study results suggest that magnetic resonance imaging has a use where clinical examination is ambiguous or where scapholunate damage is suspected.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Child', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Joint Diseases', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Physical Examination', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Wrist Joint', 'Young Adult']
| 24,205,765
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.550'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.600'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['A02.835.583.405.930'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Upgrading the Gleason score in extended prostate biopsy: implications for treatment choice.
|
PURPOSE: To determine the incidence of overestimation of Gleason score (GS) in extended prostate biopsy, and consequently circumventing unnecessary aggressive treatment.METHODS AND MATERIALS: This is a retrospective study of 464 patients who underwent prostate biopsy and radical prostatectomy between January 2001 and November 2007. The GS from biopsy and radical prostatectomy were compared. The incidence of overestimation of GS in biopsies and tumor volume were studied. Multivariate analysis was applied to find parameters that predict upgrading the GS in prostate biopsy.RESULTS: The exact agreement of GS between prostate biopsy and radical prostatectomy occurred in 56.9% of cases. In 29.1% cases it was underestimated, and it was overestimated in 14%. One hundred and six (22.8%) patients received a diagnosis of high GS (8, 9, or 10) in a prostate biopsy. In 29.2% of cases, the definitive Gleason Score was 7 or lower. In cases in which GS was overestimated in the biopsy, tumors were significantly smaller. In multivariate analysis, the total percentage of tumor was the only independent factor in overestimation of GS. Tumors occupying less than 33% of cores had a 5.6-fold greater chance of being overestimated.CONCLUSION: In the extended biopsy era and after the International Society of Urological Pathology consensus on GS, almost one third of tumors considered to have high GS at the biopsy may be intermediate-risk cancers. In that condition, tumors are smaller in biopsy. This should be remembered by professionals involved with prostate cancer to avoid overtreatment and undesirable side effects.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Biopsy, Needle', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prostate', 'Prostatectomy', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Regression Analysis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Tumor Burden']
| 18,774,658
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.119', 'E01.370.225.998.054.119', 'E01.370.388.100.100', 'E04.074.119', 'E04.665.100', 'E05.200.500.384.100.119', 'E05.200.998.054.119', 'E05.242.384.100.119'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A05.360.444.575', 'A10.336.707'], ['E04.950.774.860.625'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['E05.041.124.892']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The effect of moderate weight loss on overnight growth hormone and cortisol secretion in healthy female volunteers.
|
The effects of moderate weight loss on overnight growth hormone and cortisol secretion were determined in 11 healthy women volunteers who lost an average of 3.1 kg in weight after undertaking a 1000-kcal diet for 3 weeks. There was a reduction in sleep-related growth hormone secretion and an increase in the value of the nocturnal cortisol nadir although mean overnight cortisol secretion was not significantly altered. Moderate weight loss may contribute towards some of the endocrine abnormalities seen in depressed patients.
|
['Adult', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Diet, Reducing', 'Electroencephalography', 'Female', 'Growth Hormone', 'Humans', 'Hydrocortisone', 'Sleep Stages', 'Weight Loss']
| 2,522,119
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['E02.642.249.285', 'G07.203.650.240.285'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.425', 'D12.644.548.691.525.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.600', 'D06.472.040.585.353.476', 'D06.472.040.585.478.392'], ['F02.830.855.796', 'G11.561.803.754'], ['C23.888.144.243.963', 'G07.345.249.314.120.200.963']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
CpG island-mediated global gene regulatory modes in mouse embryonic stem cells.
|
Both transcriptional and epigenetic regulations are fundamental for the control of eukaryotic gene expression. Here we perform a compendium analysis of >200 large sequencing data sets to elucidate the regulatory logic of global gene expression programs in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. We define four major classes of DNA-binding proteins (Core, PRC, MYC and CTCF) based on their target co-occupancy, and discover reciprocal regulation between the MYC and PRC classes for the activity of nearly all genes under the control of the CpG island (CGI)-containing promoters. This CGI-dependent regulatory mode explains the functional segregation between CGI-containing and CGI-less genes during early development. By defining active enhancers based on the co-occupancy of the Core class, we further demonstrate their additive roles in CGI-containing gene expression and cell type-specific roles in CGI-less gene expression. Altogether, our analyses provide novel insights into previously unknown CGI-dependent global gene regulatory modes.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cell Line', 'CpG Islands', 'DNA Methylation', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Embryonic Stem Cells', 'Enhancer Elements, Genetic', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Genes, Regulator', 'Mice', 'Polycomb-Group Proteins', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA']
| 25,405,324
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G02.111.570.080.380.160', 'G05.360.080.380.160', 'G05.360.340.024.159'], ['G02.111.035.538.161', 'G02.111.218', 'G03.059.538.161', 'G05.206'], ['D12.776.260'], ['A11.872.700.250'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.330', 'G05.360.080.689.330', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.249'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D05.500.781', 'D12.776.660.235.600', 'D12.776.664.235.800', 'D12.776.930.780.890'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D12.776.260.103.813', 'D12.776.624.664.700.189', 'D12.776.660.765', 'D12.776.930.125.813'], ['E05.393.760.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Assessment of neutrophil chemotaxis and random migration in children with thalassemia major.
|
Neutrophil chemotaxis and random migration were evaluated in 21 patients with thalassemia major and 21 healthy controls by a filter technique (Boyden chamber). Chemotactic and random migrations in patient group were found to be defective, which may partially account for the increased susceptibility to infection occasionally observed in these patients. The effects of serum ferritin levels, transferrin saturations that show iron overload, total count of blood transfusions for chronic immunostimulation, desferrioxamine therapy, and splenectomy on these neutrophil functions were examined in thalassemic patients in order to determine whether they are responsible for these defective functions because the mechanism of abnormal neutrophil chemotaxis and random mobility in thalassemic patients is not still clear.
|
['Blood Transfusion', 'Cell Movement', 'Chemotaxis, Leukocyte', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Deferoxamine', 'Disease Susceptibility', 'Female', 'Ferritins', 'Humans', 'Iron', 'Male', 'Neutrophils', 'Reference Values', 'Siderophores', 'Splenectomy', 'Transferrin', 'beta-Thalassemia']
| 8,735,339
|
[['E02.095.135'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.198.424.233'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D02.092.570.394.265', 'D02.241.511.372.265'], ['C23.550.291.687', 'G07.100.250'], ['D12.776.157.427.249', 'D12.776.556.579.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['E05.978.810'], ['D27.505.519.914.500.410.750', 'D27.720.832.500.410.750'], ['E04.726'], ['D12.776.124.050.800', 'D12.776.124.790.223.839', 'D12.776.157.427.750.500', 'D12.776.377.715.182.839', 'D12.776.556.579.750.500'], ['C15.378.071.141.150.875.150', 'C15.378.420.826.150', 'C16.320.070.875.150', 'C16.320.365.826.150']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Adenomatous polyposis coli influences micronuclei induction by PhIP and acrylamide in mouse erythrocytes.
|
Micronucleus (MN) induction in erythrocytes of multiple intestinal neoplasia (Min) mice with heterozygous Apc mutation was measured after s.c. injections of acrylamide, glycidamide, 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) and colchicine, and compared with wild-type (wt) mice. Since Apc influences microtubule dynamics, we wanted to test whether Min-mice were more sensitive to the production of MN than wild-type mice. We also examined the effect of pre-treatment with cytosine beta-D-arabinofuranoside (Ara C) and hydroxyurea, which inhibit ligation of DNA strand breaks in the repair of DNA adducts. All compounds induced a significant increase in MN in both strains of mice with the following potencies: acrylamide<glycidamide<PhIP. No difference in the induction of MN was seen between Min-mice and wt-mice exposed to acrylamide, glycidamide or colchicine without pre-treatment. However, in Min-mice, PhIP treatment induced much less MN than in wt-mice, with about four- and six-fold increase in MN in Min-mice and wt-mice, respectively. A reduced ability to repair PhIP adducts may be the reason for the lower induction of MN in Min-mice. Treatment with Ara C and hydroxyurea, to increase sensitivity, gave more than a four-fold increase in MN, but strongly reduced proliferation. Pre-treatment with Ara C and hydroxyurea made the Min-mice slightly more sensitive to MN induction by glycidamide compared to wt-mice. We conclude that Min-mice are less sensitive than wt-mice to MN induction by PhIP that forms bulky DNA adducts, while Min-mice and wt-mice are equally sensitive to MN induction by acrylamide and glycidamide that form DNA base adducts.
|
['Acrylamide', 'Adenomatous Polyposis Coli', 'Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein', 'Animals', 'Colchicine', 'Cytarabine', 'DNA Adducts', 'Epoxy Compounds', 'Erythrocytes', 'Female', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Hydroxyurea', 'Imidazoles', 'Injections, Subcutaneous', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Mutant Strains', 'Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective', 'Micronucleus Tests', 'Mutagens']
| 15,668,113
|
[['D02.065.122.015', 'D02.241.081.069.094.015'], ['C04.557.470.035.215.100', 'C04.588.274.476.411.307.089', 'C04.700.100', 'C06.301.371.411.307.090', 'C06.405.249.411.307.090', 'C06.405.469.158.356.090', 'C06.405.469.491.307.090', 'C06.405.469.578.249', 'C16.320.700.100'], ['D05.500.117.249', 'D12.776.220.040', 'D12.776.476.081.249', 'D12.776.624.776.010'], ['B01.050'], ['D03.132.225'], ['D03.383.742.680.245.453', 'D13.570.065.300', 'D13.570.685.245.453'], ['D13.444.308.135', 'G05.200.104'], ['D02.355.291.411'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['D02.065.950.395'], ['D03.383.129.308'], ['E02.319.267.530.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550'], ['A11.284.430.106.570', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117.570', 'C23.550.210.570', 'G05.365.590.175.570'], ['E05.393.560.598'], ['D27.888.569.468']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Serum factors for opsonisation of non-typable Haemophilus influenzae.
|
Neutrophil chemiluminescence was used to assess the opsonins required for phagocytosis of non-typable Haemophilus influenzae isolated from sputum samples of patients with hypogammaglobulinaemia. Immunoglobulin was the major opsonin, whereas complement was relatively unimportant. Evidence was found for a heat-labile opsonin other than complement that enhanced phagocytosis of these organisms. Tuftsin was shown to aid phagocytosis of H. influenzae without triggering chemiluminesence.
|
['Agammaglobulinemia', 'Complement System Proteins', 'Fibronectins', 'Haemophilus influenzae', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Luminescent Measurements', 'Neutrophils', 'Opsonin Proteins', 'Phagocytosis', 'Tuftsin', 'gamma-Globulins']
| 2,410,618
|
[['C15.378.147.142', 'C15.604.515.032', 'C20.673.088'], ['D12.776.124.486.274'], ['D12.776.377.715.390', 'D12.776.395.550.350', 'D12.776.543.550.350', 'D12.776.860.300.450'], ['B03.440.450.600.450.330', 'B03.660.250.550.290.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['E05.196.712.516'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.767', 'D12.776.124.486.657', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.767', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.767'], ['G04.417.350', 'G09.188.665', 'G12.450.564.809', 'G12.688'], ['D12.644.456.840', 'D12.644.541.500.650.750', 'D12.776.124.486.485.397.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680.650.750', 'D12.776.124.790.651.397.500', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680.650.750', 'D12.776.377.715.548.397.500', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680.650.750'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.397', 'D12.776.124.790.651.397', 'D12.776.377.715.548.397']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Archaeal Communities in a Heterogeneous Hypersaline-Alkaline Soil.
|
In this study the archaeal communities in extreme saline-alkaline soils of the former lake Texcoco, Mexico, with electrolytic conductivities (EC) ranging from 0.7 to 157.2 dS/m and pH from 8.5 to 10.5 were explored. Archaeal communities in the 0.7 dS/m pH 8.5 soil had the lowest alpha diversity values and were dominated by a limited number of phylotypes belonging to the mesophilic Candidatus Nitrososphaera. Diversity and species richness were higher in the soils with EC between 9.0 and 157.2 dS/m. The majority of OTUs detected in the hypersaline soil were members of the Halobacteriaceae family. Novel phylogenetic branches in the Halobacteriales class were detected in the soil, and more abundantly in soil with the higher pH (10.5), indicating that unknown and uncharacterized Archaea can be found in this soil. Thirteen different genera of the Halobacteriaceae family were identified and were distributed differently between the soils. Halobiforma, Halostagnicola, Haloterrigena, and Natronomonas were found in all soil samples. Methanogenic archaea were found only in soil with pH between 10.0 and 10.3. Retrieved methanogenic archaea belonged to the Methanosarcinales and Methanomicrobiales orders. The comparison of the archaeal community structures considering phylogenetic information (UniFrac distances) clearly clustered the communities by pH.
|
['Biodiversity', 'Cluster Analysis', 'DNA, Archaeal', 'Halobacteriaceae', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Mexico', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phylogeny', 'Salinity', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Sequence Homology', 'Soil', 'Soil Microbiology']
| 26,074,731
|
[['G16.500.275.157.049', 'N06.230.124.049'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['D13.444.308.180'], ['B02.200.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['Z01.107.567.589'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['G02.640.500'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['G02.111.810', 'G05.810'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.555', 'N06.850.425.300']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
The RhoA GTPase-activating protein DLC2 modulates RhoA activity and hyperalgesia to noxious thermal and inflammatory stimuli.
|
Deleted in liver cancer 2 (DLC2) is a novel Rho GTPase-activating protein that regulates RhoA activity. DLC2 is ubiquitously expressed in most tissues, including the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves, and is thought to be involved in actin cytoskeletal reorganization. Unlike DLC1-deficient mice, DLC2-deficient mice (DLC2(-/-)) are viable and without gross anatomical abnormalities. Interestingly, DLC2(-/-) mice exhibit hyperalgesia to noxious thermal stimuli and inflammation-inducing chemicals, such as formalin and acetic acid. There was no difference in the structure or morphology of cutaneous or sural nerves between DLC2(+/+) and DLC2(-/-) mice. However, sensory nerve conduction velocity in DLC2(-/-) mice was significantly higher than that in DLC2(+/+) mice, whereas motor nerve conduction velocity was not affected. After formalin injection, DLC2(-/-) mice showed increased RhoA activity in the spinal cord and an increased number of phosphorylated ERK1/2-positive cells. The inflammatory hyperalgesia in DLC2(-/-) mice appeared to be mediated through the activation of RhoA and ERK1/2. Taken together, DLC2 plays a key role in pain modulation during inflammation by suppressing the activation of RhoA and ERK to prevent an exaggerated pain response, and DLC2(-/-) mice provide a valuable tool for further understanding the regulation of inflammatory pain.
|
['Animals', 'Brain', 'GTPase-Activating Proteins', 'Hyperalgesia', 'Inflammation', 'MAP Kinase Signaling System', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Signal Transduction', 'Spinal Cord', 'Sural Nerve', 'Tumor Suppressor Proteins', 'rhoA GTP-Binding Protein']
| 22,204,965
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D12.644.360.325.150', 'D12.776.476.325.150'], ['C10.597.751.791.400', 'C23.888.592.763.770.400'], ['C23.550.470'], ['G02.111.820.560', 'G03.493.560', 'G04.835.560'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A08.186.854'], ['A08.800.800.720.450.760.820.820'], ['D12.776.624.776'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.700.200', 'D12.644.360.525.700.200', 'D12.776.157.325.515.700.200', 'D12.776.476.525.700.200']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The evolution of portal hypertension surgery: lessons from 1000 operations and 50 Years' experience.
|
HYPOTHESIS: Surgery for portal hypertension has evolved widely in the past decades. Selection criteria and the type of operations have evolved because of the appearance of other therapeutic alternatives, such as pharmacotherapy, endoscopic therapy, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, and liver transplantation. We believe the surgical approach has a therapeutic role in a select patient population.DESIGN: Retrospective review of the medical records of patients operated on for bleeding portal hypertension in the past 50 years.SETTING: An academic tertiary care university hospital.PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a 50-year period, 1000 operations for the treatment of bleeding portal hypertension have been done, including shunts and devascularization procedures. In the past years, in low-risk (Child-Pugh classification A) selected patients, only portal blood flow-preserving operations have been done.RESULTS: Non-portal blood flow-preserving procedures had a wide spectrum of results, with a high encephalopathy rate and short long-term survival. The results with portal blood flow-preserving procedures in the past 10 years are as follows: operative mortality, 2.7%; postoperative encephalopathy, 6%; rebleeding, 6%; and shunt obstruction, 4%.CONCLUSIONS: Portal hypertension surgery has a role in elective operations and in low-risk selected patients, when portal blood flow-preserving procedures are done. The type of operation is selected according to the individual characteristics of each patient.
|
['Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Portal', 'Portasystemic Shunt, Surgical', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Time Factors']
| 11,115,336
|
[['C06.405.227', 'C23.550.414.788'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.552.494'], ['E04.035.760', 'E04.100.814.868.937'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Clinical features of patients bearing central nervous system hemangioblastoma in von Hippel-Lindau disease.
|
BACKGROUND: Central nervous system (CNS) hemangioblastoma (HB) is one of the most common manifestations in von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL), but large-scale studies on clinical features of CNS HB in VHL are scarce.METHODS: On the basis of the results of a questionnaire, we collected data of VHL patients with CNS HB.RESULTS: The total number of CNS HBs in 111 VHL patients (male 59, female 52) was 264 with the following distributions: cerebellar, 65.4 %; brainstem, 9.9 %; spinal cord, 23.9 %; and pituitary, 1. 1 %. The follow-up period was 0.6 to 39.2 years, with the mean 12.5 years. Patients bearing brainstem or spinal cord HB also had another HB significantly more frequently than those bearing cerebellar HBs (P < 0.05). The mean onset age of CNS HB was 29.1 years, and that of patients bearing a single HB (mean 34.4 years) was significantly greater than that of multiple HBs (mean 25.7 years). Patients with multiple HBs under 40 years are more dominant than those with a single HB. The distribution rate of brainstem HB is significantly smaller in patients below 30 years than patients above 29 years. Although ECOG PS score increased along with number of operations, the onset age decreased with increasing number of operations. The mean ECOG PS score of patients below 20 years is significantly smaller than patients above 19 years.CONCLUSIONS: When the onset age of CNS HB is under 40 years, and CNS HB is located at the brainstem or spinal cord HB, the probability of multiple occurrence can be predicted. Since patients with an onset age under 20 years old preserve a high performance status, early detection of CNS HB would be important. In addition, since a multiple operations aggravate performance status, number of operations should be reduced.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age of Onset', 'Aged', 'Central Nervous System Neoplasms', 'Child', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Health Status Indicators', 'Hemangioblastoma', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Quality of Life', 'Young Adult', 'von Hippel-Lindau Disease']
| 23,080,552
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075.100', 'N06.850.490.250.100'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.614.250', 'C10.551.240'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475'], ['C04.557.645.375.380.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['M01.060.116.815'], ['C10.562.925', 'C14.907.077.925', 'C16.131.077.245.750', 'C16.320.184.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The autonomous innervation of the porcine testis in the period from birth to adulthood.
|
The innervation of the porcine testis was studied in 20 pigs, aged from 3 days to 2.5 years, and revealed remarkable changes in the period from birth to adulthood. Testes in piglets of 3 to 5 weeks have the most intense and most constant innervation, which reaches the gonad by three different routes: the funicular, caudal and mesorchial. Nerve fibers supply the vascular structures of the spermatic cord, the tunica albuginea, nearly all the septula testis and the mediastinum. Only exceptionally are axons in contact with Leydig cells. Nearly all the testicular nerves are positive for DBH and therefore represent postganglionic sympathetic axons. From their association with blood vessels it can be concluded that the majority of nerves are vasomotor in function. No cholinergic and myelinated fibers can be detected in the porcine testis. NPY-immunoreactive fibers are the dominating peptide-containing neuronal component. In the testes of 3- and 7-day-old piglets the degree of septal and mediastinal innervation is significantly smaller than in 3- to 5-week-old animals. In 7- to 10-week-old pigs, testicular innervation shows varying degrees of withdrawal, and the testes of adult boars are completely devoid of intrinsic nerves. Only the funicular nerves supplying the testicular artery and pampiniform plexus are preserved in the adult age group. So, the vasomotor control of intratunical, septal and mediastinal vessels and of the complete micro-circulation within the testicular parenchyma is effected without any direct nerve participation in the sexually mature boar.
|
['Acetylcholinesterase', 'Aging', 'Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Autonomic Nervous System', 'Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Male', 'Neuropeptide Y', 'Neuropeptides', 'Substance P', 'Swine', 'Testis', 'Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide']
| 9,587,638
|
[['D08.811.277.352.100.170.176'], ['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['A08.800.050'], ['D12.644.400.097', 'D12.776.631.650.097'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D12.644.400.500', 'D12.776.631.650.500'], ['D12.644.400', 'D12.776.631.650'], ['D12.644.276.812.900.866', 'D12.644.400.800.750', 'D12.644.456.800.866', 'D12.776.467.812.900.866', 'D12.776.631.650.800.750', 'D23.469.050.375.850.890', 'D23.529.812.900.866'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['A05.360.444.849', 'A05.360.576.782', 'A06.300.312.782'], ['D06.472.317.950', 'D06.472.699.952', 'D12.644.400.875', 'D12.644.548.952', 'D12.776.631.650.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
HTLV-I-associated myelopathy associated with blood transfusion in the United States: epidemiologic and molecular evidence linking donor and recipient.
|
Six months after receiving 58 units of blood components, a 65-year-old white man from New York City, with no other risk factors for human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection, developed HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Investigation of blood donors identified a 25-year-old white Hispanic woman from Florida whose platelets had been given to the patient and who was seropositive for the virus on a serum specimen obtained 2 years after the donation. She was born in Cuba and had had 2 sexual relationships with men who either had been born in or had resided in the Caribbean. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies of peripheral blood mononuclear cells indicated that both donor and recipient were infected with HTLV-I. Molecular studies of a 595-nucleotide sequence in the 5' envelope region of HTLV-I indicated that the viruses from donor and recipient were identical in each of 32 positions in which published HTLV-I sequences demonstrate molecular heterogeneity; the donor and recipient viruses were also identical in 2 additional positions in which they differed from all published sequences. Transfusion-associated HAM/TSP has occurred in the United States, but additional cases should be prevented by screening blood donations for HTLV-I. Molecular studies of HTLV-I may prove useful in defining the genetic heterogeneity of HTLV-I isolates in the United States and in studying transmission of this virus.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antibodies, Viral', 'Base Sequence', 'Blood Donors', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Epidemiologic Methods', 'Female', 'Genes, Viral', 'Human T-lymphotropic virus 1', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Probability', 'Transfusion Reaction', 'United States']
| 1,992,361
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['M01.898.313'], ['E05.393.220'], ['E05.318', 'N06.850.520'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.875', 'G05.360.340.358.024.875', 'G05.360.340.358.840.500'], ['B04.613.807.200.725.400', 'B04.820.650.200.725.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.207.618.500', 'C01.925.782.815.200.470.710', 'C10.228.228.618.500', 'C10.228.854.525.700'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['C15.378.962', 'C20.920'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Treatment of patients with advanced gastric carcinoma with the combination of etoposide plus oral tegafur modulated by uracil and leucovorin. A phase II study of the ONCOPAZ Cooperative Group.
|
BACKGROUND: Both the biochemical modulation and the continuous administration of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) have achieved promising results in patients with gastric carcinoma. Conversely, several studies on gastric carcinoma have demonstrated that the combination of etoposide (VP-16), leucovorin (LV), and 5-FU (ELF) is efficacious and moderately toxic. UFT is a combination of uracil and tegafur (ftorafur) in a 4:1 molar ratio. It can be administered orally for several weeks, thus stimulating the effects of a continuous infusion of 5-FU. Its combination with LV increased the efficacy of UFT. We conducted a Phase II study on patients with gastric carcinoma using the combination VP-16-LV-UFT. This combination is administered mainly orally (p.o) and could yield a good response rate and low toxicity.METHODS: Forty-six patients with bidimensionally measurable disease were entered into the study. Patients received VP-16 100 mg/m2 IV on Day 1 and 200 mg/ m2 p.o. on Days 2 and 3; LV 500 mg/m2 administered intravenously (i.v.) on Day 1, followed by p.o. LV 15 mg every twelve hours on Days 2 to 14. Patients also received UFT p.o. 390 mg/m2/day on Days 1 to 14. Treatment was repeated every 28 days for a minimum of 3 courses per patient. All courses were given on an outpatient basis.RESULTS: Four patients (9%) had a complete response, and 12 a partial response (26%) for an overall response rate of 35% (95% confidence interval: 22-51%). The median duration of response was 10 months. The median overall survival was 9 months. The main side effects were gastrointestinal. Grade 3 to 4 toxicity was encountered as follows: diarrhea in 17% of the patients, nausea/vomiting in 11%, anemia in 13%, mucositis and leukopenia in 4% each, and thrombocytopenia in 2%. One patient died of sepsis and neutropenia.CONCLUSIONS: VP-16-LV-UFT has an activity comparable to that of other schemes and a low incidence of side effects. Furthermore, since it is administered mainly orally, hospitalization is avoided, which makes this scheme suitable for patients with advanced gastric carcinoma.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Ambulatory Care', 'Anemia', 'Antidotes', 'Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic', 'Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Carcinoma', 'Diarrhea', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Etoposide', 'Fluorouracil', 'Humans', 'Injections, Intravenous', 'Leucovorin', 'Middle Aged', 'Nausea', 'Remission Induction', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Survival Rate', 'Tegafur', 'Vomiting']
| 8,673,994
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.760.106', 'N02.421.585.106'], ['C15.378.071'], ['D27.505.696.706.037', 'D27.720.799.037'], ['D27.505.519.186.144', 'D27.505.954.248.144', 'D27.888.569.042.030'], ['D27.505.954.248.179'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['C04.557.470.200'], ['C23.888.821.214'], ['E02.319.283'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.960.675.250', 'D04.615.638.960.675.250', 'D09.408.348.275'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.082.750', 'E02.319.267.530.540'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.400.800.350.450', 'D08.211.840.300.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.888.821.712'], ['E02.860'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404.850'], ['C23.888.821.937']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cycloleucine (1-amino-cyclopentane carboxylic acid): tubular reabsorption and inhibitory effect on amino acid transport in the rat kidney. (Microperfusion experiments).
|
Renal tubular reabsorption of cycloleucine (1-amino-cyclopentane carboxylic acid) was studied in vivo et situ by continuous microperfusion of single proximal tubules of the rat. The results show: a) cycloleucine is reabsorbed rapidly compared with other amino acids b) this reabsorption is saturable and can be inhibited by oligomycin c) cycloleucine inhibits tubular reabsorption of L-arginine, glycine, and of L-phenylalanine. Mutual reciprocal inhibition occurs only with L-phenylalanine (and perhaps also with glycine). A maximal possible permeability coefficient for cycloleucine (less than 6 times 10--5 cm times sec--1) was calculated. Assuming simple 2-parameter kinetics, Vmax and Km for tubular reabsorption of cycloleucine were estimated. It can be concluded from the present results that cycloleucine is reabsorbed by a mechanism that transports L-phenylalanine, but not by the system shared by dibasic amino acids.
|
['Absorption', 'Amino Acids', 'Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Arginine', 'Biological Transport', 'Cell Membrane Permeability', 'Cyclopentanes', 'Glycine', 'Kidney Tubules, Proximal', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Oligomycins', 'Perfusion', 'Phenylalanine', 'Rats']
| 1,168,338
|
[['G01.015', 'G02.010', 'G03.015', 'G03.787.024', 'G07.690.725.015'], ['D12.125'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['D12.125.068.050', 'D12.125.095.104', 'D12.125.142.087'], ['G03.143'], ['G03.143.335', 'G04.175'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.450'], ['D12.125.481'], ['A05.810.453.736.560.570'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D02.540.505.620'], ['E05.680'], ['D12.125.072.050.685', 'D12.125.142.666'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Griscelli syndrome.
|
An eight month old male infant presented with recurrent infections and partial albinism. Initially a possibility of Chediak Higashi syndrome (CHS) was considered, but a negative investigative work up prompted us to look for an alternate diagnosis. A literature search revealed that Griscelli syndrome (GS) has overlapping symptoms and signs. The findings in skin and hair biopsies in Griscelli syndrome are distinctive.
|
['Chediak-Higashi Syndrome', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Hepatomegaly', 'Humans', 'Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Pancytopenia', 'Piebaldism', 'Splenomegaly']
| 15,053,385
|
[['C11.270.040.772', 'C15.378.553.774.257', 'C16.320.798.375', 'C20.673.774.257', 'C20.673.795.375'], ['E01.171'], ['C06.552.416', 'C23.300.775.525'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C20.673'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C15.378.700'], ['C16.320.290.040.600', 'C16.320.565.100.102.600', 'C16.320.850.080.600', 'C17.800.621.440.102.600', 'C17.800.827.080.600', 'C18.452.648.100.102.600'], ['C23.300.775.750']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A reversibly unfolding fragment of P22 tailspike protein with native structure: the isolated beta-helix domain.
|
The homotrimeric tailspike endorhamnosidase of phage P22 has been used to compare in vivo and in vitro folding pathways and the influence of single amino acid substitutions thereon. Its main structural motif, which contains the known folding mutation sites, consists of three large right-handed parallel beta-helices. A thermodynamic analysis of the stability of tailspike is prevented by the irreversibility of unfolding at high temperatures or high concentrations of denaturant, probably due to interdigitation of the domains neighboring the beta-helix. We therefore expressed and isolated a tailspike fragment comprising only its central beta-helix domain (residues 109-544). As shown by equilibrium ultracentrifugation, the isolated beta-helix is a monomer at concentrations below 1 microM and trimerizes reversibly at higher protein concentrations. Both the similarity of fluorescence and CD spectra, compared to the complete protein, and the specific binding and hydrolysis of substrate suggest a nativelike structure. Moreover, urea denaturation transitions of the beta-helix domain are freely reversible, providing the basis for a future quantitative analysis of the effects of the folding mutations on the thermodynamic stability of the domain and of structural features responsible for folding and stability of the parallel beta-helix motif in general.
|
['Bacteriophage P22', 'Circular Dichroism', 'Glycoside Hydrolases', 'Kinetics', 'Models, Molecular', 'O Antigens', 'Oligosaccharides', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Protein Folding', 'Protein Structure, Secondary', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Receptors, Virus', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Ultracentrifugation', 'Viral Tail Proteins']
| 9,636,063
|
[['B04.123.150.700.070', 'B04.123.706.070', 'B04.280.090.700.070'], ['E05.196.867.151'], ['D08.811.277.450'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.599.595'], ['D09.698.718.450.600', 'D10.494.600', 'D23.050.161.616.525.600', 'D23.946.123.329.500.600'], ['D09.698.629'], ['D12.644.541'], ['G01.154.651', 'G02.111.688'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D12.776.543.750.830'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['E05.181.724', 'E05.196.941'], ['D12.776.964.970.910']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Repetitive Behaviors in Frontotemporal Dementia: Compulsions or Impulsions?
|
OBJECTIVE: The presence of repetitive behaviors is one of the core criteria for behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). Patients with bvFTD often have perseverative, stereotyped, or compulsive-ritualistic behavior as an early aspect of their disorder. It is unclear whether such behaviors are related to compulsions, as in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), or are part of the impulse disorder spectrum.METHODS: The authors investigated early (within 3 years) repetitive behaviors among 93 well-characterized patients who met International Consensus Criteria for clinically probable bvFTD and compared the results with the literature on OCD. The most common repetitive behaviors among 59 (63.4%) bvFTD patients were stereotypies of speech (35.5%), simple repetitive movements (15.2%-18.6%), hoarding and collecting (16.9%), and excessive or unnecessary trips to the bathroom (13.5%).RESULTS: Only hoarding and collecting was significantly common in both bvFTD and OCD; otherwise, the bvFTD patients had very low frequencies of the common OCD behaviors of checking, cleaning, counting, and ordering. The repetitive behaviors in bvFTD were not associated with verbalized anxiety, obsessional ideation, or reports of relief after completing the act. In contrast, these behaviors were often triggered by environmental stimuli and could be temporarily prevented from completion without undue distress. Finally, among the bvFTD patients, the repetitive behaviors were always associated with impulsive or disinhibited behaviors, such as inappropriate verbal or physical behavior.CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the repetitive behaviors in bvFTD are repetitive impulsions, possibly from specific involvement of frontostriatal-anterior temporal pathology.
|
['Aged', 'Compulsive Behavior', 'Female', 'Frontotemporal Dementia', 'Hoarding', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Stereotyped Behavior']
| 30,537,913
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.145.527.100'], ['C10.228.140.380.266.299', 'C10.574.950.300.299', 'C18.452.845.800.300.299', 'F03.615.400.380.299'], ['F01.145.493'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F03.080.600'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['F01.145.896']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Microwave resonance therapy in the combined treatment of gastric polyposis].
|
A study of 70 patients with polyps and polyposis of the stomach indicates that the use of microwave electromagnetic radiation of low intensity associated with polypectomy increases significantly the treatment and improves the immediate and long-term results. Microwave resonance therapy possesses a regulating action, normalizing the bioenergy of blood cells and restoring the content of T-lymphocytes.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Electrosurgery', 'Female', 'Gastroscopy', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Humans', 'Lymphocytes', 'Male', 'Microwaves', 'Middle Aged', 'Polyps', 'Stomach Neoplasms']
| 2,330,701
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.186'], ['E04.262'], ['E01.370.372.250.250.325', 'E01.370.388.250.250.250.320', 'E04.210.240.250.320', 'E04.502.250.250.250.320'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['G01.358.500.505.810.500', 'G01.750.250.810.500', 'G01.750.770.721.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.300.825'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Current status of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Taiwan.
|
In Taiwan, hematopoietic SCT (HSCT) has been used to treat patients with hematological diseases since 1983. Since then, more than 2200 patients have undergone HSCT in 15 large hospitals. The disease entities included acute leukemia in 37% of cases, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in 26%, CML in 10%, multiple myeloma in 7% and severe aplastic anemia in 6%. The conditioning regimens used were mainly myeloablative (84% of cases). Non-myeloablative regimens were fludarabine-based. The average age of allogeneic recipients was at least 10 years older than those in the era before their application. The grafts of all patients were derived from peripheral blood in 85% of cases, BM in 13% and cord blood (CB) in 2%. Forty percent of HSCT patients received autologous grafts, whereas more than 25% of allogeneic HSCT patients received grafts from unrelated donors, and overall, there were more than 200 Taiwan HSCT recipients. Currently, CB has been used successfully in pediatric patients with thalassemia major and also in adult patients with hematological malignancy. After transplantation, there was a relatively lower prevalence of acute GVHD. However, a relatively higher proportion of hepatitis B carriers in the recipients had led to a higher incidence of viral reactivation and clinical hepatitis, which was dramatically decreased following lamivudine prophylaxis. In conclusion, HSCT has been successfully adapted to routine clinical care in Taiwan. Several important findings contributing to the progress of HSCT in the past two decades have also been noticed on this island.
|
['Graft vs Host Disease', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Humans', 'Taiwan', 'Tissue Donors']
| 18,724,286
|
[['C20.452'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.872', 'Z01.639.850'], ['M01.898']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Assessing the renal toxicity of Capstone depleted uranium oxides and other uranium compounds.
|
The primary target for uranium toxicity is the kidney. The most frequently used guideline for uranium kidney burdens is the International Commission on Radiological Protection value of 3 microg U g(-1) kidney, a value that is based largely upon chronic studies in animals. In the present effort, a risk model equation was developed to assess potential outcomes of acute uranium exposure. Twenty-seven previously published case studies in which workers were acutely exposed to soluble compounds of uranium (as a result of workplace accidents) were analyzed. Kidney burdens of uranium for these individuals were determined based on uranium in the urine, and correlated with health effects observed over a period of up to 38 years. Based upon the severity of health effects, each individual was assigned a score (- to +++) and then placed into a Renal Effects Group (REG). A discriminant analysis was used to build a model equation to predict the REG based on the amount of uranium in the kidneys. The model equation was able to predict the REG with 85% accuracy. The risk model was used to predict the REG for soldiers exposed to depleted uranium as a result of friendly fire incidents during the 1991 Gulf War. This model equation can also be used to predict the REG of new cases in which acute exposures to uranium have occurred.
|
['Aerosols', 'Air Pollution, Radioactive', 'Algorithms', 'Beta Particles', 'Computer Simulation', 'Firearms', 'Gulf War', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Kidney Diseases', 'Military Personnel', 'Occupational Exposure', 'Oxides', 'Radiation Injuries', 'Radiation Monitoring', 'Radioactive Waste', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'United States', 'Uranium']
| 19,204,490
|
[['D20.280.055', 'D26.255.165.055'], ['N06.850.460.100.110', 'N06.850.810.080'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G01.750.750.125'], ['L01.224.160'], ['J01.637.870.350'], ['I01.880.735.950.250.657', 'K01.400.504.968.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['C12.777.419', 'C13.351.968.419'], ['M01.526.625'], ['N06.850.460.350.600'], ['D01.248.497.158.685', 'D01.650.550'], ['C26.733', 'G01.750.748.500', 'N06.850.460.350.850.500', 'N06.850.810.300.360'], ['E05.799.638', 'N06.850.780.375.700', 'N06.850.810.370'], ['D20.693.638', 'D20.944.380.638', 'D27.888.426.500.638', 'N06.850.460.710.380.638', 'N06.850.810.485'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['D01.268.271.100.950', 'D01.268.556.900', 'D01.496.749.305.100.950', 'D01.552.020.940', 'D01.552.544.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Efficacy and safety of standardized extract of Trigonella foenum-graecum L seeds as an adjuvant to L-Dopa in the management of patients with Parkinson's disease.
|
The objective of this study is to evaluate disease modifying efficacy and safety of a standardized extract of Trigonella foenum-graecum L, Fenugreek (IBHB) (family Fabaceae) as a nutritional adjuvant to Levo-dopa (L-Dopa) in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. We conducted double-blind placebo-controlled proof of concept clinical study of IBHB capsules (300 mg, twice daily) with matching placebo for 6 months of period in 50 patients of PD stabilized on L-Dopa therapy. The efficacy outcome measures were the scores of Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS - total and its subsections), and Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) staging at baseline and end of 6-months treatment duration. Safety evaluation included haematology, biochemistry, urinalysis parameters and adverse event monitoring. Total UPDRS scores in IBHB treatment (0.098%) showed slower rise as opposed to steep rise (13.36%) shown by placebo. Further, Clinically Important Difference for total UPDRS scores and scores of motor subsection of UPDRS was found to be 5.3 and 4.8, respectively, in favour of IBHB treatment. Similar improvement was shown by IBHB in terms of H&Y staging as compared with placebo. IBHB was found to have excellent safety and tolerability profile. In conclusion, IBHB can be useful adjuvant treatment with L-Dopa in management of PD patients.
|
['Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic', 'Aged', 'Dihydroxyphenylalanine', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Levodopa', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Parkinson Disease', 'Plant Extracts', 'Seeds', 'Trigonella']
| 23,512,705
|
[['D26.650.064', 'D27.720.744.064'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D02.092.311.200', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.200', 'D12.125.072.050.685.400', 'D12.125.072.050.875.130'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.092.311.200.480', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.200.480', 'D12.125.072.050.685.400.500', 'D12.125.072.050.875.130.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.228.140.079.862.500', 'C10.228.662.600.400', 'C10.574.928.750'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.937']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Early anti-inflammatory intervention ameliorates axial disease in the proteoglycan-induced spondylitis mouse model of ankylosing spondylitis.
|
BACKGROUND: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is characterised by immune-mediated arthritis and osteoproliferation, ultimately leading to joint ankylosis. Whether inflammation is necessary for osteoproliferation is controversial, fuelled by the unclear efficacy of anti-inflammatory treatments on radiographic progression. In proteoglycan-induced spondylitis (PGISp), a mouse model of AS, inflammation is the prerequisite for osteoproliferation as osteoproliferation was only observed following inflammation-driven intervertebral disc (IVD) destruction. We hypothesised that early intervention with a potent anti-inflammatory therapy would protect IVD integrity and consequently alter disease progression.METHODS: PGISp mice received vehicle or a combination of etanercept (ETN) plus prednisolone (PRD) therapy for 2 or 6 weeks initiated at an early disease stage. Peripheral arthritis was scored longitudinally. Spinal disease was assessed using a semi-quantitative histological scoring regimen including inflammation, joint destruction and excessive tissue formation.RESULTS: ETN + PRD therapy significantly delayed the onset of peripheral arthritis. IVD integrity was significantly protected when treatment was commenced in early disease. Six-weeks of treatment resulted in trends towards reductions in intervertebral joint damage and excessive tissue formation. IVD score distribution was dichotomized, likely reflecting the extent of axial disease at initiation of therapy. In the sub-group of mice with high IVD destruction scores, ETN + PRD treatment significantly reduced IVD destruction severity, inflammation and bone erosion and reduced cartilage damage and excessive tissue formation.CONCLUSIONS: Early intervention with anti-inflammatory treatment not only improved inflammatory symptoms but also ameliorated structural damage of spine in PGISp mice. This preclinical observation suggests that early anti-inflammatory intervention may slow radiographic progression in AS patients.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Etanercept', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Prednisolone', 'Proteoglycans', 'Spondylitis, Ankylosing']
| 28,558,827
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.158'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['E02.319.283'], ['E02.319.310'], ['D12.644.541.500.697.624', 'D12.776.124.486.485.538.500.624', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680.697.624', 'D12.776.124.790.651.538.500.624', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680.660.624', 'D12.776.377.715.548.538.500.624', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680.660.624', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.232'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.795'], ['D09.698.735', 'D12.776.395.650'], ['C05.116.900.853.625.800.850', 'C05.550.069.680', 'C05.550.114.865.800.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Oxidation behavior and kinetics of representative VOCs emitted from petrochemical industry over CuCeOx composite oxides].
|
CuCeOx composite catalysts were synthesized via coprecipitation (COP-CuCeO,) and incipient impregnation (IMP-CuCeOx) methods, respectively. The physicochemical properties of the samples were characterized by XRD, low-temperature N2 sorption, H2-TPR and O2-TPD. The influences of reactant composition and concentration, reaction space velocity, O2 content, H2O concentration, and catalyst type on the oxidation behaviors of benzene, toluene, and n-hexane emitted from petrochemical industry were systematically investigated. In addition, the related kinetic parameters were model fitted. Compared with IMP-CuCeOx, COP-CuCeOx had well-dispersed active phase, better low-temperature reducibility, and more active surface oxygen species. The increase of reactant concentration was unfavorable for toluene oxidation, while the opposite phenomenon could be observed in n-hexane oxidation. The inlet concentration of benzene was irrelevant to its conversion under high oxidation rate. The introduction of benzene obviously inhibited the oxidation of toluene and n-hexane, while the presence of toluene had a positive effect on beuzene conversion. The presence of n-hexane could promote the oxidation of toluene, while toluene had a negative influence on e-hexane oxidation. Both low space velocity and high oxygen concentration were beneficial for the oxidation process, and the variation of oxygen content had negligible effect on n-hexane and henzene oxidation. The presence of H2O noticeably inhibited the oxidation of toluene, while significantly accelerated the oxidation procedure of henzene and n-hexane. COP-CuCeOx had superior catalytic performance for toluene and benzene oxidation, while IMP-CuCeOx showed higher n-hexane oxidation activity under dry condition. The oxidation behaviors under different conditions could be well fitted and predicted by the pseudo first-order kinetic model.
|
['Air Pollutants', 'Benzene', 'Catalysis', 'Extraction and Processing Industry', 'Hexanes', 'Kinetics', 'Models, Chemical', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Oxides', 'Petroleum', 'Toluene', 'Volatile Organic Compounds']
| 24,640,915
|
[['D27.888.284.101'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.023'], ['G02.130'], ['J01.576.655.875'], ['D02.455.326.146.500'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.599.495'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D01.248.497.158.685', 'D01.650.550'], ['D20.345.630', 'N06.230.132.258.630'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.832'], ['D02.974']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The effect of synthetic peptides corresponding to Fc sequences in human IgG1 on various steps in the B cell activation pathway.
|
The influence of synthetic peptides comprising sequences in the exposed positions of the Fc region of human IgG 1 was tested on B lymphocyte activation. CH 2 domain peptides having an inhibitory effect on antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, as well as the whole Fc fragment, induced the appearance of the early signs of activation on resting B lymphocytes such as increase in cell volume and HLA-DR antigen expression or leukocyte migration inhibitory factor production. The peptides did not induce proliferation of resting B cells even when B cell growth factor (BCGF)-containing supernatants were added. Exposure to Fc fragment, however, induced a weak proliferation which was significantly enhanced by BCGF. On the other hand, both the Fc fragment and the CH 2 or CH 3 domain peptides enhanced the IgM synthesis of human blood mononuclear cells when a suboptimal dose of pokeweed mitogen was present. This effect was lost when Fc fragment or the peptides were added on the third day of culture. These results suggest that the early steps of B cell activation can be induced by Fc fragment and by small molecular weight Fc peptides, which are potential ligands of Fc receptors. The Fc fragment activates B cells to the state where they respond to BCGF, but the peptides do not possess this activity. Furthermore, both Fc fragment and Fc peptides are able to enhance the IgM synthesis, when accessory cells and the appropriate differentiating factors are present.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'HLA-DR Antigens', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Immunoglobulin M', 'Leukocyte Migration-Inhibitory Factors', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Peptides', 'Pokeweed Mitogens', 'Thymidine']
| 3,280,328
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['D12.776.395.550.509.400.440', 'D12.776.543.550.440.400.440', 'D23.050.301.500.400.400.440', 'D23.050.301.500.450.400.440', 'D23.050.705.552.410.400.440', 'D23.050.705.552.450.400.440'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.541.500.697', 'D12.776.124.486.485.538.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680.697', 'D12.776.124.790.651.538.500', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680.660', 'D12.776.377.715.548.538.500', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680.660'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.574', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.574', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.574'], ['D12.644.276.374.480.428', 'D12.776.467.374.480.428', 'D23.125.477', 'D23.529.374.480.428'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.644'], ['D12.776.503.499.875', 'D12.776.765.678.875'], ['D03.383.742.680.705', 'D13.570.230.855', 'D13.570.685.705']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Can Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography Be a Substitute for Bone Marrow Biopsy in Detection of Bone Marrow Involvement in Patients with Hodgkin's or Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma?
|
INTRODUCTION: Positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) has become an important part of staging and treatment evaluation algorithms of lymphoma. We aimed to compare the results of PET/CT with bone marrow biopsy (BMB) with respect to bone marrow involvement (BMI) in patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (aNHL).METHODS: The medical files of a total of 297 patients diagnosed with HL or aNHL and followed at the hematology clinics of 3 major hospitals in ?stanbul between 2008 and 2012 were screened retrospectively and 161 patients with classical HL and aNHL were included in the study. The patients were referred for PET/CT and BMB at the initial staging. BMB was performed as the reference standard for the evaluation of BMI.RESULTS: There were 61 (38%) HL and 100 (62%) aNHL patients. Concordant results were revealed between PET/CT and BMB in 126 patients (78%) (52 HL, 74 aNHL), 20 with positive PET/CT and BMB results and 106 with negative PET/CT and BMB results. There were discordant results in 35 patients (9 HL, 26 aNHL), 16 of them with positive BMB and negative PET/ CT results and 19 of them with negative BMB and positive PET/CT results.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: We observed that PET/CT is effective to detect BMI, despite it alone not being sufficient to evaluate BMI in HL and aNHL. Bone marrow trephine biopsy and PET/CT should be considered as mutually complementary methods for detection of BMI in patients with lymphoma. In suspected focal involvement, combining biopsy and PET/CT might improve staging results.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Biopsy', 'Bone Marrow', 'Bone Marrow Examination', 'Female', 'Hodgkin Disease', 'Humans', 'Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Young Adult']
| 25,912,844
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['A15.382.216'], ['E01.370.225.625.135', 'E05.200.625.135'], ['C04.557.386.355', 'C15.604.515.569.355', 'C20.683.515.761.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.386.480', 'C15.604.515.569.480', 'C20.683.515.761.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700.500', 'E01.370.350.350.810.645', 'E01.370.350.567.500', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.490', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.645', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.723', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.700', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399.500'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Transthoracic approach in surgery of the kidneys].
|
Under analysis were clinical observations of 37 patients who were subjected to transthoracal nephrectomy. Positive sides and advantages of transthoracal nephrectomies were noted. Preliminary embolization of the arterial bed of the kidney was shown to be not expedient in the surgical procedure in question. It is emphasized that in carcinoma of the kidney the above mentioned access is the access of choice. Wider introduction of the method into the every-day urological practice is recommended.
|
['Diaphragm', 'Humans', 'Intercostal Muscles', 'Kidney Diseases', 'Nephrectomy', 'Postoperative Care', 'Suture Techniques']
| 3,068,884
|
[['A02.633.567.900.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.633.567.900.500'], ['C12.777.419', 'C13.351.968.419'], ['E04.950.774.435'], ['E02.760.731.700', 'E04.604.500', 'N02.421.585.722.700'], ['E04.987.775']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Universal and rapid salt-extraction of high quality genomic DNA for PCR-based techniques.
|
A very simple, fast, universally applicable and reproducible method to extract high quality megabase genomic DNA from different organisms is described. We applied the same method to extract high quality complex genomic DNA from different tissues (wheat, barley, potato, beans, pear and almond leaves as well as fungi, insects and shrimps' fresh tissue) without any modification. The method does not require expensive and environmentally hazardous reagents and equipment. It can be performed even in low technology laboratories. The amount of tissue required by this method is approximately 50-100 mg. The quantity and the quality of the DNA extracted by this method is high enough to perform hundreds of PCR-based reactions and also to be used in other DNA manipulation techniques such as restriction digestion, Southern blot and cloning.
|
['Animals', 'DNA', 'DNA, Plant', 'Decapoda', 'Grasshoppers', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sodium Chloride', 'Time Factors']
| 9,358,185
|
[['B01.050'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D13.444.308.435'], ['B01.050.500.131.365.190'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.678.369'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Muscle-bone characteristics in children with Prader-Willi syndrome.
|
BACKGROUND: A decrease in muscle mass, low motor performance, and normal lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) have been reported in children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). However, these data are limited by the fact that PWS children (who have short stature) were compared to age-matched healthy or obese individuals of normal height.OBJECTIVE: The goal of the present study was to compare bone and muscle characteristics in PWS children to sex- and age- or height-matched healthy subjects.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study population included 17 PWS children (ages 6.2 to 17.5 yr; nine girls) who were not treated with GH. The axial skeleton was analyzed at the lumbar spine using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and the appendicular skeleton (radius and tibia) was evaluated using peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Muscle parameters (mass, size, and functional parameters) were measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, peripheral quantitative computed tomography, and jumping mechanography, respectively.RESULTS: Compared to height-matched controls, PWS patients had normal axial and appendicular BMD, as well as normal muscle size. Compared to age- or height-matched controls of normal weight, PWS patients had lower maximal muscle force and power relative to body mass during jumping. PWS patients had similar absolute maximal muscle force but lower absolute maximal power compared to age- or height-matched controls. Relationships between bone mass and muscle size and force were similar in PWS patients and in healthy subjects.CONCLUSION: Relative to their height, PWS patients not treated with GH had normal axial and appendicular BMD, muscle size, and muscle-bone relationships.
|
['Absorptiometry, Photon', 'Adolescent', 'Body Height', 'Bone Density', 'Bone and Bones', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Child', 'Exercise Test', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Motor Activity', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Organ Size', 'Prader-Willi Syndrome']
| 22,162,467
|
[['E01.370.350.700.024', 'E05.196.712.224.187'], ['M01.060.057'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160.100', 'E05.041.124.160.500', 'G07.100.100.160.100', 'G07.345.249.314.100'], ['G11.427.100'], ['A02.835.232', 'A10.165.265'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['C10.597.606.360.690', 'C16.131.077.730', 'C16.131.260.700', 'C16.320.180.700', 'C18.654.726.500.740']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Long-term sequelae of malignant tumors in childhood: consequences of late side-effects].
|
110 children with malignant diseases (leukemia excepted) who survived 5-20 years (median 9) post-therapy were followed (1996-1998). Median age during follow-up was 15 years (range 5-23). The most common malignancies were brain tumors, lymphoma, retinoblastoma and Wilm's tumor. The 174 late side-effects included endocrine disorders (19%), cognitive impairment (14%), orthopedic dysfunction (12%), alopecia (12%), dental damage (11%), psychological (8%) and neurological (8%) disturbances, and azoospermia or amenorrhea (5%). There was no cardiac or renal damage and no second malignancy. 29% of side-effects were severe. There was significant reduction in quality of life in 54 (49%), in 27 of whom it was severe enough to require psychological intervention. Treatment of brain tumor caused 98 late side-effects in 28 patients (sequelae-to-patient ratio [SPR] 3.3). Most cognitive, endocrine and neurological disorders, and most cases of alopecia, dental and psychological difficulties were in these patients. There were frequent late complications in those treated for retinoblastoma (SPR 1.8), and bone or soft tissue sarcomas (SPR 0.8). Those treated for Wilm's tumor had few side-effects (SPR 0.4). Late side effects were most frequent after radiation, reaching as high as SPR 2.4. It averaged only 0.5 in those treated with chemotherapy alone or in combination with surgery. Reduction of late side-effects in these patients requires using less toxic modalities, as long as cure rate is not compromised. When considering secondary strategies, screening for early detection of late complications would enable immediate solutions, such as hormonal replacement or providing compensating skills for post-treatment disability.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Eye Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'Lymphoma', 'Male', 'Mental Disorders', 'Neoplasms', 'Nervous System Diseases', 'Radiotherapy', 'Retinoblastoma', 'Survivors', 'Time Factors', 'Wilms Tumor']
| 11,242,936
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C04.588.364', 'C11.319'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C04.588.945.947.535', 'C12.758.820.750', 'C12.777.419.473', 'C13.351.937.820.535', 'C13.351.968.419.473'], ['C04.557.386', 'C15.604.515.569', 'C20.683.515.761'], ['F03'], ['C04'], ['C10'], ['E02.815'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.725', 'C04.557.470.670.725', 'C04.557.580.625.600.725', 'C04.588.364.818.760', 'C11.270.862', 'C11.319.475.760', 'C11.768.717.760'], ['M01.860'], ['G01.910.857'], ['C04.557.435.595', 'C04.588.945.947.535.585', 'C04.700.900', 'C12.758.820.750.585', 'C12.777.419.473.585', 'C13.351.937.820.535.585', 'C13.351.968.419.473.585', 'C16.320.700.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The role of peritoneoscopy (laparoscopy) in the evaluation of the acute abdomen in critically ill patients.
|
Emergency peritoneoscopy (laparoscopy) to evaluate a suspected intraabdominal catastrophe was performed in ten critically ill patients over a 3-year period. The examination was negative in six cases, thereby avoiding celiotomy in this high-risk group. The examination was positive in four cases and, on this basis, celiotomy was recommended. Verification of the peritoneoscopic findings by clinical follow-up, operative findings, or autopsy was obtained in eight out of the ten cases. Based on our experience, we feel that peritoneoscopy is of value in defining the indications for celiotomy in this high-risk group of patients.
|
['Abdomen, Acute', 'Aged', 'Emergencies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Laparoscopy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 1,465,726
|
[['C23.888.592.612.054.200', 'C23.888.821.030.249'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.291.781', 'N06.230.100.083', 'N06.850.376'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Depletion of B cells induces remission of autoimmune hepatitis in mice through reduced antigen presentation and help to T cells.
|
UNLABELLED: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is known as a T cell-mediated disease. However, AIH patients refractory to conventional treatment have been successfully treated with anti-CD20-mediated B-cell depletion. The aim of this project was to understand the immunological changes underlying the AIH remission caused by B-cell depletion in an experimental model of AIH. C57BL/6 AIH mice, xenoimmunized with DNA coding for human liver antigens, were treated with a single dose of depleting mouse anti-CD20 antibody at the peak of liver inflammation. Liver inflammation, alanine aminotransferase levels, chemokine (C-X-C) ligand 10 expression, and circulating B-cell, autoantibody, and total immunoglobulin G levels were monitored following depletion. T-cell and B-cell phenotype and function were characterized. Administration of a single dose of anti-CD20 resulted in a drastic reduction of liver inflammation accompanied by a significant reduction of alanine aminotransferase levels and of proinflammatory chemokine (C-X-C) ligand 10 expression. The treatment did not result in significant changes in total immunoglobulin G levels or autoantibodies. There were significantly more naive and less antigen-experienced CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and T-cell proliferation was significantly reduced following anti-CD20 treatment. B cells served as antigen-presenting cells to CD4+ T cells. Anti-CD20 treatment also led to a profound reduction of T follicular helper cells.CONCLUSION: B cells play an active role in the pathogenesis of AIH in antigen presentation processes and the modulation of T-cell functions and influence the T follicular helper-cell population; this active role of B cells could explain the success of B-cell depletion for remission of AIH despite its classification as a T cell-mediated autoimmune liver disease.
|
['Animals', 'Antigen Presentation', 'Antigens, CD20', 'Autoantigens', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Cytokines', 'Hepatitis, Autoimmune', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Lymphocyte Depletion', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 26,175,263
|
[['B01.050'], ['G12.119', 'G12.450.050.400.070'], ['D23.050.301.264.035.120', 'D23.050.301.264.051.120', 'D23.101.100.110.120', 'D23.101.100.150.120'], ['D23.050.422'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['C06.552.380.350.300', 'C20.111.567'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['E02.095.465.425.450.521', 'E05.478.610.570'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The theoretical limits of watermark spread spectrum sequence.
|
At present, the spread spectrum (SS) sequences used in watermark include i.i.d. random sequences and the sequences used in SS communications. They appear earlier than digital watermark. Almost no researchers pay attention to whether they are really fit for watermark. In this paper, we compare the SS watermark channel and the traditional SS communication channel. We find out that their correlation property is different. Considering cropping and translation attacks, we define watermark auto- and cross-correlation and propose Loose Autocorrelation and Tight Cross-Correlation (LAC&TCC) properties for SS watermark. The LAC&TCC properties are that, whether or not synchronized, the autocorrelation is equal or close to 1 and the cross-correlation is equal or close to 0. Accordingly, the peak correlation is divided into the peak autocorrelation Ra (l) and the peak cross-correlation Rc (l). We establish the lower bound of R c (l) and the higher bound of Ra (l), respectively. The two bounds indicate that, no matter how small the cover is reserved, the extractor can always find a threshold to distinguish auto- and cross-correlation in theory.
|
['Algorithms', 'Models, Theoretical']
| 24,790,566
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E05.599']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Two methods for determining erucic acid in edible fats and oils: results from a collaborative study on a rapid, open-tubular (capillary) GLC method and comparison with an isolation TLC procedure.
|
The results of an international collaborative study for the determination of 5% erucic acid in four samples of edible fats and oils with differing levels of 22:1 isomers other than erucic acid, based on the use of wall-coated (SILAR-5CP) open-tubular gas-liquid chromatography, are examined. The same samples had been analyzed in a separate collaborative study by an alternative and more complex method based on argentation thin-layer chromatography. Both methods rejected about the same proportion of participating laboratories and a few individual results from otherwise acceptable laboratories. The means and repeatabilities of the two methods were similar, but the gas-liquid chromatographic method showed better reproducibility.
|
['Autoanalysis', 'Chemical Phenomena', 'Chemistry', 'Chromatography, Gas', 'Chromatography, Thin Layer', 'Dietary Fats', 'Erucic Acids', 'Fatty Acids, Unsaturated', 'Oils']
| 6,833,445
|
[['E05.059'], ['G02'], ['H01.181'], ['E05.196.181.349'], ['E05.196.181.400.537'], ['D10.212.302', 'G07.203.300.375', 'J02.500.375'], ['D10.251.355.325.300'], ['D10.251.355'], ['D10.627']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prevention of infantile spasms relapse: Zonisamide and topiramate provide no benefit.
|
OBJECTIVE: There is scant evidence to guide the management of infantile spasms after successful response to initial therapies. There is significant risk of relapse, largely because effective pharmacologic treatments cannot be continued long term because of concern for significant adverse events. Zonisamide (ZNS) and topiramate (TPM) are commonly used to prevent relapse, and the purpose of this study was to specifically evaluate the efficacy of ZNS and TPM as agents for secondary prevention of infantile spasms.METHODS: Patients with video-electroencephalography (EEG) confirmed resolution of infantile spasms were retrospectively identified. Relevant clinical data were systematically collected, including lead time from onset of spasms to successful treatment response, etiology of infantile spasms, number of treatment failures prior to response, timing of relapse, and detailed exposure data for ZNS and TPM.RESULTS: We identified 106 patients with response to hormonal therapy (n = 58), vigabatrin (n = 25), or surgery (n = 23). To prevent relapse of infantile spasms, 37 patients received ZNS, 34 received TPM, 3 received both ZNS and TPM, and 38 patients received neither ZNS nor TPM. There were 44 relapses, occurring a median of 6.9 (3.2-10.8) months after initial response. Time to relapse was not affected by treatment with ZNS or TPM. Relapse was less likely among patients who were older (hazard ratio 0.97 [per month], p = 0.036) and those who responded to surgical resection (hazard ratio = 0.28, p = 0.017). Of note, we identified a relatively refractory cohort with multiple treatment failures and long lead time to initial response.SIGNIFICANCE: In this refractory cohort, neither ZNS nor TPM was successful in preventing relapse of infantile spasms, despite relatively high dosages. At this time, aside from surgical resection in eligible candidates, there is no known treatment that is efficacious in the prevention of relapse of infantile spasms.
|
['Cohort Studies', 'Electroencephalography', 'Female', 'Fructose', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Isoxazoles', 'Male', 'Recurrence', 'Spasms, Infantile', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Survival Analysis', 'Topiramate', 'Video Recording', 'Vigabatrin', 'Zonisamide']
| 27,312,124
|
[['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['D09.947.875.359.250', 'D09.947.875.465.354'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['D03.383.129.385'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['C10.228.140.490.375.760', 'C10.228.140.490.493.875'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['D09.947.875.359.250.500', 'D09.947.875.465.354.500'], ['L01.280.960'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350.900', 'D12.125.190.350.900'], ['D02.065.884.987', 'D02.886.590.700.987', 'D03.383.129.385.825']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Content of gentiopicroside and loganic acid in Radix gentianae and their fingerprints].
|
To develop a HPLC-DAD-ESI-TOF/MS analysis method for the determination of gentiopicroside and loganic acid in Radix gentianae samples and for the research of their fingerprints. The samples were extracted using ASE for 10 min under 100 degrees C and 9.65 MPa, and divided into water phase and chloroform phase and analyzed them with HPLC-DAD-ESI-TOF/MS method respectively. Based on this method, the HPLC fingerprints of Radix gentianae were established. Comparing the spectrogram and mass spectrum of the chromatogram peak with the reference value, three compounds in water phase were identified as gentiopicroside, asafetida acid and loganic acid. There is no report of the compounds in chloroform phase. The content of gentiopicroside and loganic acid in samples of different groups were determined, separately. The fingerprints were compared by the software of the similarity evaluation system for chromatographic fingerprint. The water phase fingerprint congruence coefficients of samples from six different areas were above 0.90, however, the chloroform phase fingerprint congruence coefficients were within 0.62 -0.99. This method can be used for determination of potent component in Radix gentianae and its quality control. Radix gentianae from different producing areas have the largest diversities, and the diversities embodied in the content of chloroform phase compounds.
|
['Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Ecosystem', 'Gentiana', 'Glucosides', 'Iridoid Glucosides', 'Iridoids', 'Plant Roots', 'Plants, Medicinal', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization']
| 17,703,785
|
[['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.456.750.391'], ['D09.408.348'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.450.675.500.500.500', 'D02.455.849.575.188.500.500.500', 'D03.383.663.491.500.500', 'D09.408.348.387', 'D09.408.423.500'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.450.675.500', 'D02.455.849.575.188.500', 'D03.383.663.491'], ['A18.400'], ['B01.650.560'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E05.196.566.600']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The auricular myocardiocytes of the heart constitute an endocrine organ. Characterization of a porcine cardiac peptide hormone, cardiodilatin-126.
|
A peptide hormone was extracted from the porcine right atrium following a bioassay for differential vasorelaxant effects on smooth muscle strips from aorta and renal and inferior mesenteric arteries. The isolation procedure included several steps of gel-permeation and ion-exchange chromatography, and high performance liquid chromatography. During the isolation procedure, other peptides of smaller molecular weight were also found, which, in relation to cardiodilatin-126 (CDD-126), are shorter at their N-terminal. Among these, CDD-88 has also been isolated and characterized, and has been established as a prominent member of the cardiac hormone family. The N-terminal and C-terminal segments of the 126 amino acid-containing molecule were synthesized and used to raise region-specific antibodies. The natural peptide was then localized within myoendocrine cells of the right atrium where specific atrial granules are located. Renal effects of cardiodilation were studied in conscious dogs and showed strong diuretic and natriuretic activities. According to our functional studies, cardiodilatin-126 and cardiodilatin-88 possess qualities of a significant hormone family regarding the regulation of extracellular fluid volume and blood pressure.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Aorta', 'Atrial Natriuretic Factor', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Endocrine Glands', 'Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'Heart Atria', 'Kidney', 'Mesenteric Arteries', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Muscle Proteins', 'Myocardium', 'Swine', 'Vasodilation']
| 6,549,270
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056'], ['D06.472.699.584.500', 'D12.644.548.585.500'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['A06.300'], ['E01.370.390.400.300', 'G08.852.357'], ['A07.541.358'], ['A05.810.453'], ['A07.015.114.565'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['D12.776.210.500'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['G09.330.380.928']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Clinical characteristics and survival of patients with surgically resected, incidentally detected lung cancer.
|
BACKGROUND: There is little information on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with surgically resected, incidentally detected lung cancers. Our hypothesis was that among patients with surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), incidentally detected cancers were common, were less likely to require pneumonectomy, and were associated with better stage-adjusted survival.METHODS: Two hundred seventy-four patients with NSCLC who underwent surgical resection between 1999 and 2004 were studied. The clinical characteristics of patients with incidentally detected and symptomatic NSCLC were compared. A proportional hazards model was used to compare the stage-adjusted mortality rate of patients with incidentally detected and symptomatic NSCLC.RESULTS: One hundred patients (36%) had incidentally detected NSCLC. Patients with incidentally detected NSCLC had smaller and earlier-stage cancers, were less likely to undergo pneumonectomy (3% versus 13%, p = 0.005), and were more likely to have bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (15% versus 5%, p = 0.003). Patients with incidentally detected cancers had a stage-adjusted hazards ratio (HR) of mortality of 0.9 compared with symptomatic patients (0.6-1.4, p = 0.64). Patients with cancers detected incidentally on computed tomography (CT) had a stage-adjusted HR of 0.5 (0.2-1.5, p = 0.15).CONCLUSIONS: Early-stage NSCLC is commonly detected incidentally. Patients with incidentally detected lung cancers are more likely to have bronchioloalveolar carcinoma histology, less likely to undergo pneumonectomy, and overall have similar stage-adjusted survival compared with symptomatic patients. Patients with cancers detected incidentally by CT scan may have better stage-adjusted survival, but our study was not sufficiently powered to detect this effect.
|
['Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Humans', 'Incidental Findings', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Survival Analysis']
| 17,410,027
|
[['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.410'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Comparison of community-based HIV counselling and testing (CBCT) through index client tracing and other modalities: Outcomes in 13 South African high HIV prevalence districts by gender and age.
|
BACKGROUND: To increase HIV case finding in a Community-based HIV counselling and testing (CBCT) programme, an index client tracing modality was implemented to target index clients' sexual network and household members.OBJECTIVE: To compare index client tracing modality's outcomes with other CBCT recruitment modalities (mobile, workplace, homebased), 2015-2017.METHODS: Trained HIV counsellors identified HIV positive clients either through offering HIV tests to children and sexual partners of an HIV index client, or randomly offering HIV tests to anyone available in the community (mobile, home-based or workplace). Socio-demographic information and test results were recorded. Descriptive comparisons of client HIV test uptake and positivity were conducted by method of recruitment-index client tracing vs non-targeted community outreach.RESULTS: Of the 1 282 369 people who tested for HIV overall, the index modality tested 3.9% of them, 1.9% in year 1 and 6.0% in year 2. The index modality tested more females than males (55.8% vs 44.2%) overall and in each year; tested higher proportions of children than other modalities: 10.1% vs 2.6% among 1-4 years, 12.2% vs 2.6% among the 5-9 years and 9.6% vs 3.4% among the 10-15 years. The index modality identified higher HIV positivity proportions than other modalities overall (10.3% 95%CI 10.0-10.6 vs. 7.3% 95%CI 7.25-7.36), in year 1 (9.4%; 8.9-9.9 vs 6.5%; 6.45-6.57) and year 2 (10.6%; 10.3-10.9 vs 8.2%; 8.09-8.23). Higher proportions of females (7.5%;7.4-7.5) than males (5.5%;5.4-5.5) tested positive overall. Positivity increased by age up to 49y with year 2's increased targeting of sexual partners. Overall linkage to care rose from 33.3% in year 1 to 78.9% in year 2.CONCLUSIONS: Index testing was less effective in reaching large numbers of clients, but more effective in reaching children and identifying HIV positive people than other modalities. Targeting HIV positive people's partners and children increases HIV case finding.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Distribution', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Counseling', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Mass Screening', 'Middle Aged', 'Prevalence', 'Residence Characteristics', 'Sex Distribution', 'Young Adult']
| 31,490,938
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['F02.784.176', 'F04.408.413', 'N02.421.143.303', 'N02.421.461.363'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['N01.224.791', 'N06.850.505.400.800'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
DNA microstructure based on self-assembly of 4-sticky-end Holliday junctions in aqueous solution.
|
Liverwort-like DNA microscale structures consist of 4-sticky-end Holiday junctions as DNA bricks that can be used in nanotechnology and nanobiotechnology to direct the self-assembly of nanomachines as well as DNA assembly. Previously it has not been possible to obtain such DNA microscale structural forms, but herein we report construction of a mesh-like material made up of 4 strands of 40-base DNA. Advanced bioimaging techniques such as fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), laser scanning microscopy (LSM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) help us as ultrasensitive detection tools for examing structures in solutions. Combinations of these techniques allow us to survey various chemical conditions of materials and solutions.
|
['Base Sequence', 'DNA, Cruciform', 'Microscopy, Atomic Force', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Nanostructures', 'Nanotechnology', 'Solutions', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Water']
| 17,450,823
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D13.444.308.295', 'G02.111.570.820.486.325', 'G05.360.580.325'], ['E01.370.350.515.666.400', 'E05.595.666.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['J01.637.512'], ['H01.603', 'J01.897.520.600'], ['D26.776'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Deoxyribonucleic acid strand breaks during drying of Escherichia coli on a hydorohobic filter membrane.
|
Cells of Escherichia coli mounted on a hydrophobic filter membrane were dried under various vapor pressures. A mutant defective in deoxyribonucleic acid repair (uvrA recA) was more sensitive to drying at a water activity of 0.53 or below than the parent strain but not at a water activity of 0.75 and above. Sucrose gradient studies showed that single- and double-strand breaks of deoxyribonucleic acid occurred at a water activity of 0.53 or below, but no breaks could be observed at a water activity of 0.75 or above. These results were observed in all cells rehydrated with 0.03 M tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane-hydrocholoride buffer solution at 0 or 37 degrees C, in the presence or absence of oxygen, with saturated water vapor or with a hypertonic solution followed by a gradual dilution. Freezable water was detected in the cells only at a water activity above 0.75 by differential scanning calorimetry. Removal of unfreezable water of cells in the drying, therfore, might induce deoxyribonucleic acid strand breaks.
|
['DNA Repair', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Desiccation', 'Escherichia coli', 'Micropore Filters', 'Mutation', 'Nucleic Acid Denaturation', 'Water']
| 373,625
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Absolute bioavailability of theophylline (Euphylline)].
|
The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of theophylline have been investigated in eight healthy subjects following application of the drug in form of a tablet, a retard tablet (enteric-coated), and a suppository (Euphyllin) in comparison with an intravenous preparation. Peak plasma concentrations were measured 1.5 hours (tablet), 6 hours (retard tablet) and 4 hours (suppository) after drug administration, respectively. The absolute bioavailability was of th tablet 105 +/- 25%, of the retard table 81 +/- 23%, of the suppository 74 +/- 25%. The variations observed were primarily due to variations in the other pharmacokinetic parameters, only to a lesser extent to variable absorption of theophylline.
|
['Adult', 'Biological Availability', 'Delayed-Action Preparations', 'Drug Evaluation', 'Female', 'Half-Life', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Suppositories', 'Tablets', 'Theophylline']
| 7,450,653
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G03.787.151', 'G07.690.725.129'], ['D26.255.210', 'E02.319.300.253'], ['E05.290.625', 'E05.337.425'], ['G01.910.405'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D26.255.785'], ['D26.255.830'], ['D03.132.960.751', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.751']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
An analogue of piperonyl butoxide facilitates the characterisation of metabolic resistance.
|
BACKGROUND: Previous work has demonstrated that piperonyl butoxide (PBO) not only inhibits microsomal oxidases but also resistance-associated esterases. The ability to inhibit both major metabolic resistance enzymes makes it an ideal synergist to enhance xenobiotics but negates the ability to differentiate which enzyme group is responsible for conferring resistance.RESULTS: This study examines an analogue that retains the ability to inhibit esterases but is restricted in its ability to act on microsomal oxidases, thus allowing an informed decision on resistance enzymes to be made when used in conjunction with the parent molecule.CONCLUSION: Using examples of resistant insects with well-characterised resistance mechanisms, a combination of PBO and analogue allows identification of the metabolic mechanism responsible for conferring resistance. The relative potency of PBO as both an esterase inhibitor and an oxidase inhibitor is also discussed.
|
['Animals', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Esterases', 'Hemiptera', 'Insect Proteins', 'Insecticide Resistance', 'Pesticide Synergists', 'Piperonyl Butoxide']
| 18,951,417
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['D08.811.277.352'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.412'], ['D12.776.093.500'], ['G07.690.773.984.491'], ['D27.720.031.700.748', 'D27.888.723.748'], ['D03.383.246.118.600', 'D03.633.100.115.600']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hypophosphatasia: validation and expansion of the clinical nosology for children from 25 years experience with 173 pediatric patients.
|
Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is caused by loss-of-function mutation(s) within the gene TNSALP that encodes the "tissue-nonspecific" isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP). In HPP, inorganic pyrophosphate, an inhibitor of mineralization and substrate for TNSALP, accumulates extracellularly often leading to rickets or osteomalacia and tooth loss, and sometimes to craniosynostosis and calcium crystal arthropathies. HPP's remarkably broad-ranging expressivity spans stillbirth from profound skeletal hypomineralization to adult-onset dental problems or arthropathies without bone disease, which is largely explained by autosomal recessive versus autosomal dominant transmission from among several hundred, usually missense, TNSALP mutations. For clinical purposes, this expressivity has been codified according to absence or presence of skeletal disease and then patient age at presentation and diagnosis. Pediatric patients are reported principally with "odonto", "childhood", "infantile", or "perinatal" HPP. However, this nosology has not been tested using a cohort of patients, and the ranges of the clinical and laboratory findings have not been defined and contrasted among these patient groups. To evaluate the extant nosology for HPP in children, we assessed our 25 years experience with 173 pediatric HPP patients. Data were exclusively from inpatient studies. The childhood form of HPP was further designated "mild" or "severe". Here, we focused on demographic, clinical, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry parameters compared to data from healthy American children. The 173-patient cohort comprised 64 individuals with odonto HPP, 38 with mild childhood HPP, 58 with severe childhood HPP, and 13 with infantile HPP. None was a survivor of perinatal HPP. TNSALP analysis revealed a mutation(s) in all 105 probands tested. Thirteen mutations were unique. Most patients represented autosomal dominant inheritance of HPP. Mutant allele dosage generally indicated the disorder's severity. Gender discordance was found for severe childhood HPP; 42 boys versus 16 girls (p=0.006), perhaps reflecting parental concern about stature and strength. Key disease parameters (e.g., height, weight, numbers of teeth lost prematurely, grip strength, spine and hip bone mineral density) were increasingly compromised as HPP was designated more severe. Although data overlapped successively between the four patient groups, body size (height and weight) differed significantly. Thus, our expanded nosology for HPP in children organizes the disorder's broad-ranging expressivity and should improve understanding of HPP presentation, natural history, complications, and prognosis.
|
['Adolescent', 'Alkaline Phosphatase', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypophosphatasia', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Mutation', 'Young Adult']
| 25,731,960
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.035'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C16.320.565.618.482', 'C18.452.648.618.482'], ['M01.060.703'], ['G05.365.590'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Effect of lactobacillus immunotherapy on genital infections in women (Solco Trichovac/Gynatren)].
|
In view of the high cure rates of Trichomonas vaginitis after vaccination with the immunotherapeutic drug Solco Trichovac Gynatren, the therapeutic efficacy of this regimen in nonspecific vaginitis was investigated. 94 patients were treated in a multicentre study. Concurrent with a decrease of pathogens, the growth of a normal lactobacilli flora was observed. The degree of vaginal purity according to Schr?der and the vaginal pH returned to normal. A cure or at least a marked improvement of symptoms was documented in about 80% of patients. Compared to conventional forms of therapy, this regimen protects against reinfection, thus providing a decisive advantage.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Bacterial Vaccines', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Immunotherapy', 'Lactobacillus', 'Middle Aged', 'Vaginitis']
| 6,565,612
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D20.215.894.135'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['E02.095.465.425'], ['B03.353.750.450.475', 'B03.510.460.400.410.475.475', 'B03.510.550.450.475'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C13.351.500.894.906']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Carotid artery stiffness in patients with end-stage renal disease: no effect of long-term homocysteine-lowering therapy.
|
BACKGROUND: The excess of cardiovascular disease in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients is unexplained, but could relate to altered intrinsic vascular wall properties, such as increased arterial stiffness, which could be mediated by hyperhomocysteinemia. We investigated potential determinants of carotid artery stiffness in ESRD patients and the effect of long-term homocysteine-lowering treatment.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-four patients on maintenance dialysis treatment were studied at baseline. Fourty-one patients completed the treatment protocol, which consisted of a 12-week treatment with folic acid 5 mg daily with or without betaine 4 g per day, and of 1 or 5 mg of folic acid thereafter for 40 weeks. Both phases were randomized. Compliance and distensibility coefficients (CC and DC) and the stiffness index (beta) of the common carotid artery were determined at baseline and after 52 weeks of treatment using a non-invasive vessel wall movement detector system.RESULTS: At baseline, plasma total homocysteine was elevated (44.1+/-33.7 micromol/l), but showed no relationship with CC, DC or beta. Age and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were the only independent determinants of CC and DC, whereas beta was associated with age only. Plasma homocysteine showed a sustained decrease after therapy (20.7+/-9.0 micromol/l at week 52). No significant changes occurred in CC (from 0.59+/-0.21 to 0.60+/-0.22 mm2/kPa; p = 0.47), in DC (from 14.9+/-6.1 to 15.3+/-6.2 10(-3)/kPa; p = 0.55), or in beta (from 10.9+/-4.7 to 11.2+/-4.4; p = 0.64). No independent determinants were detected for the change in CC, whereas the change in DC was inversely related to the change in MAP (stand. r = -0.58; p<0.0002). The decrease in MAP after therapy was significant (p = 0.003) and was related to the dialysis mode (p = 0.003) and smoking status (p = 0.02).CONCLUSION: Folic acid treatment of hyperhomocysteinemia has no major effect on carotid artery stiffness in chronic dialysis patients. The results do, however, emphasize the importance of tight blood pressure control in these patients.
|
['Age Factors', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Biomarkers', 'Blood Pressure', 'Brachial Artery', 'Carotid Artery, Common', 'Compliance', 'Endothelins', 'Homocysteine', 'Humans', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Pyridoxine', 'Regression Analysis', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Vasodilation', 'Vitamin B 12', 'von Willebrand Factor']
| 10,661,480
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D23.101'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['A07.015.114.139'], ['A07.015.114.186.200'], ['G01.374.590.210'], ['D12.644.276.400', 'D12.776.467.400', 'D23.529.400'], ['D02.886.030.498', 'D12.125.166.498'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['D03.383.725.676.925.875'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['G09.330.380.928'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.437.777', 'D03.633.400.909.437.777', 'D04.345.783.437.777'], ['D12.776.124.125.920', 'D23.119.985']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Quinolinic acid-induced lesions of the rat striatum: quantitative autoradiographic binding assessment.
|
Injection of the excitatory amino-acid analog quinolinic acid into the striatum of rats produces neuropathological and neurochemical alterations that are reminiscent of those observed in Huntington's disease. In the present study, we evaluated quinolinic acid-induced striatal changes using quantitative autoradiographic binding assays for [3H]MK-801-labeled NMDA receptors, [3H]SCH 23390-labeled dopamine D1 and [3H]sulpiride-labeled dopamine D2 receptors, [3H]CGS 21680-labeled adenosine A2a receptors, [3H]mazindol-labeled dopamine uptake sites, [3H]hemicholinium-3-labeled high affinity choline uptake sites and [3H]PK 11195-labeled peripheral-type benzodiazepine binding sites, as markers of different cellular populations of the striatum. We found that decrease in [3H]MK 801 and [3H]SCH 23390 binding, and increase in [3H]PK 11195 binding were the most significant alterations induced by the intrastriatal injection of quinolinic acid. Concentrations of [3H]CGS 21680 and [3H]hemicholinium-3 bindings were also decreased, however, to a lesser extent, and [3H]sulpiride binding was not significantly affected. Quinolinic acid also produced an increase in [3H]mazindol binding. We tested the specificity of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated mechanism of quinolinic acid neurotoxicity using MK 801 pretreatment, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, and it prevented all quinolinic acid-induced binding changes. Because anticholinergic drugs were proposed to prevent the neurotoxic side-effects of MK 801, we also tested the effect of scopolamine pretreatment and found that it altered neither the neurotoxicity induced by quinolinic acid nor the neuroprotective effect of MK 801.
|
['Animals', 'Autoradiography', 'Benzazepines', 'Binding, Competitive', 'Cholinergic Agents', 'Corpus Striatum', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Dizocilpine Maleate', 'Dopamine Antagonists', 'Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors', 'Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists', 'Hemicholinium 3', 'Huntington Disease', 'Isoquinolines', 'Male', 'Mazindol', 'Muscarinic Antagonists', 'Neurons', 'Quinolinic Acid', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate', 'Scopolamine', 'Sulpiride', 'Tritium']
| 9,471,103
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.750.132', 'E05.200.750.132', 'E05.799.256'], ['D03.633.100.079'], ['E05.196.080', 'G02.111.084', 'G02.111.570.120.309'], ['D27.505.519.625.120', 'D27.505.696.577.120'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.181.384.380', 'D04.615.181.384.380'], ['D27.505.519.625.150.175', 'D27.505.696.577.150.175'], ['D27.505.519.562.437.220', 'D27.505.519.625.150.800', 'D27.505.519.625.600.220', 'D27.505.696.577.150.800', 'D27.505.696.577.600.220'], ['D27.505.519.625.190.300', 'D27.505.696.577.190.300'], ['D02.092.877.435', 'D02.675.276.435'], ['C10.228.140.079.545', 'C10.228.140.380.278', 'C10.228.662.262.249.750', 'C10.574.500.497', 'C16.320.400.430', 'F03.615.250.400', 'F03.615.400.390'], ['D03.633.100.531'], ['D03.633.100.513.500'], ['D27.505.519.625.120.200.500', 'D27.505.696.577.120.200.500'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D03.383.725.822.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.500.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.400.500'], ['D02.145.074.722.822.775', 'D03.132.760.180.848', 'D03.132.889.601.775', 'D03.605.084.500.722.822.775', 'D03.605.869.822.775'], ['D02.065.277.866', 'D02.241.223.100.100.866', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.085.866'], ['D01.268.406.875', 'D01.362.340.875', 'D01.496.749.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Fibrous bone dysplasia and ossifying bone fibroma in the orbital and periorbital region with special reference to CT].
|
Fibro-osseous conditions affecting the craniofacial bones pose a complex diagnostic problem. Differentiation between monostotic fibrous dysplasia (FD) and ossifying fibroma (OF) is only possible by correlation of clinical, radiographical and histopathological features. CT was superior to conventional radiography/polytomography in defining exact extent and site of lesions and additional lesions, in verifying aetiology of secondary complications, as well as in depicting lesions and tandem-lesions simulating FD and OF. Density of fibro-osseous conditions was variable due to the ratio of fibrous stroma and metaplastic bone present. Density measurements in FD were 32-695 HU, in immature types of OF, consisting mainly of fibrous and osteoid tissue, 30-250 HU and could reach 690 HU in mature OF, but were definitively lower than normal bone in all our cases. Focal intrinsic nonhomogeneity was more significant in mixed types of FD and immature OF.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Female', 'Fibroma', 'Fibrous Dysplasia of Bone', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Orbital Neoplasms', 'Ossification, Heterotopic', 'Osteoma', 'Skull Neoplasms', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 2,999,897
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C04.557.450.565.590.340'], ['C05.116.099.708.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['C04.588.149.721.656', 'C04.588.364.659', 'C05.116.231.754.659', 'C11.319.457', 'C11.675.659'], ['C23.550.751'], ['C04.557.450.565.575.625'], ['C04.588.149.721', 'C05.116.231.754'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Late Glacial Demographic Expansion Motivates a Clock Overhaul for Population Genetics.
|
The molecular clock hypothesis is fundamental in evolutionary biology as by assuming constancy of the molecular rate it provides a timeframe for evolution. However, increasing evidence shows time dependence of inferred molecular rates with inflated values obtained using recent calibrations. As recent demographic calibrations are virtually non-existent in most species, older phylogenetic calibration points (>1 Ma) are commonly used, which overestimate demographic parameters. To obtain more reliable rates of molecular evolution for population studies, I propose the calibration of demographic transition (CDT) method, which uses the timing of climatic changes over the late glacial warming period to calibrate expansions in various species. Simulation approaches and empirical data sets from a diversity of species (from mollusk to humans) confirm that, when compared with other genealogy-based calibration methods, the CDT provides a robust and broadly applicable clock for population genetics. The resulting CDT rates of molecular evolution also confirm rate heterogeneity over time and among taxa. Comparisons of expansion dates with ecological evidence confirm the inaccuracy of phylogenetically derived divergence rates when dating population-level events. The CDT method opens opportunities for addressing issues such as demographic responses to past climate change and the origin of rate heterogeneity related to taxa, genes, time, and genetic information content.
|
['Climate Change', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Genetics, Population', 'Phylogeny', 'Population Dynamics', 'Time Factors']
| 26,683,588
|
[['G16.500.175.374'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['H01.158.273.343.335'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['I01.240.600', 'N01.224.625', 'N06.850.505.400.700'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Bis-(3'-5')-cyclic dimeric GMP regulates antimicrobial peptide resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
|
Bis-(3'-5')-cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP) is an intracellular second messenger that controls the lifestyles of many bacteria. A high intracellular level of c-di-GMP induces a biofilm lifestyle, whereas a low intracellular level of c-di-GMP stimulates dispersal of biofilms and promotes a planktonic lifestyle. Here, we used the expression of different reporters to show that planktonic cells, biofilm cells, and cells dispersed from biofilms (DCells) had distinct intracellular c-di-GMP levels. Proteomics analysis showed that the low intracellular c-di-GMP level of DCells induced the expression of proteins required for the virulence and development of antimicrobial peptide resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In accordance with this, P. aeruginosa cells with low c-di-GMP levels were found to be more resistant to colistin than P. aeruginosa cells with high c-di-GMP levels. This finding contradicts the current dogma stating that dispersed cells are inevitably more susceptible to antibiotics than their sessile counterparts.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Biofilms', 'Colistin', 'Cyclic GMP', 'Drug Resistance, Bacterial', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'Genes, Reporter', 'Green Fluorescent Proteins', 'Plankton', 'Proteomics', 'Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'Second Messenger Systems']
| 23,403,434
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D12.776.097'], ['A20.593', 'G06.120'], ['D04.345.566.780.110', 'D10.477.750.110', 'D12.644.050.600.110', 'D12.644.641.780.110', 'D12.776.543.695.054.600.110'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.160', 'D13.695.462.275', 'D13.695.667.454.160', 'D13.695.827.426.160'], ['G06.099.225', 'G06.225.347', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308.300'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['D12.776.532.265'], ['B05.080.500'], ['H01.158.201.843', 'H01.158.273.180.350.700', 'H01.158.273.343.350.700', 'H01.181.122.738'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.100', 'B03.660.250.580.590.050'], ['G02.111.820.800', 'G04.835.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hypsilara breweri n.sp. from Venezuela: description of new species with notes on the morphology and phylogenetic relationships of the genus (Coleoptera: Elmidae: Larainae).
|
A new species of the genus Hypsilara Maier & Spangler, 2011, collected in the Eastern Venezuela, is described and illustrated. We provide habitus photographs, detail drawings of both male and female genitalia, and description of some morphological features, which were omitted in the description of the genus. Included are also remarks on the distribution and genetic distance of the Hypsilara species and possible relations to other South American Larainae.
|
['Animal Distribution', 'Animals', 'Coleoptera', 'Female', 'Male', 'Phylogeny', 'Species Specificity', 'Venezuela']
| 26,097,972
|
[['F01.145.113.069', 'G16.049'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.375'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['G16.824'], ['Z01.107.757.943']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Effects of dietary Mn-methionine supplementation on the egg quality of laying hens.
|
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary manganese-methionine (Mn-Met) supplementation on the egg quality of laying hens. A total of 480 Jinghong-1 strain layers aged 53 wk were divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates of 16 layers. Birds in the control group were fed a diet supplemented with 60 mg Mn/kg in the form of MnSO4; the birds in other 4 experimental groups were fed a diet supplemented with 20, 40, 60, and 80 mg Mn/kg as Mn-Met, respectively. Dietary Mn-Met treatments significantly affected (P < 0.05) the albumen height, yolk color, and Haugh unit compared to those of the control diet. The Mn contents in the eggshell increased (P < 0.01) significantly by increasing the Mn-Met supplementation, whereas Mn content in eggshell was triple that in the yolk or albumen. Compared with the 60 mg/kg Mn-Met group, the transverse surface in the control group had (P < 0.01) a greater width of mammillary cones, and there were obvious cracks on the outer surface in the control. There was no difference (P > 0.05) in the eggshell gland (ESG) in the expression of calbindin-D28k (CaBP-D28k) mRNA in response to any diet treatment. In conclusion, dietary Mn-Met supplementation increased internal egg quality and the ultrastructure of the eggshell. Compared to the control, 60 mg/kg Mn-Met treatment resulted in improving egg quality, and 20 mg/kg Mn-Met treatment had similar effects the control treatment had on the egg quality. This indicates that the inorganic Mn can be replaced by the lower concentration of Mn-Met.
|
['Animal Feed', 'Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena', 'Animals', 'Chickens', 'Diet', 'Dietary Supplements', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Egg Shell', 'Female', 'Methionine', 'Organometallic Compounds', 'Ovum', 'Random Allocation']
| 29,077,932
|
[['G07.203.300.300.100', 'J02.500.300.100'], ['G07.203.650.161'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['G07.203.300.456', 'J02.500.456'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['A13.316'], ['D02.886.030.676', 'D12.125.142.557', 'D12.125.154.549', 'D12.125.166.676'], ['D02.691'], ['A05.360.490.690', 'A11.497.497', 'A16.690'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Changes in proteomic features induced by insulin on vascular smooth muscle cells from spontaneous hypertensive rats in vitro.
|
Hyperinsulinemia is a risk factor in atherosclerosis formation that it stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferation and migration. To understand the underlying molecular mechanism involved in the processes of cellular response to insulin, VSMCs from Wistar-Kyoto rat (WKY) and spontaneous hypertensive rat (SHR) were isolated and cultured, and its proteome was comparatively analyzed with normal control by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). Results showed that the proliferation of VSMCs from SHR be more sensitive to insulin stimulation than that VSMCs from WKY. The detectable spots ranged from 537 to 608 on the gels in VSMCs of SHR, and 413 ± 31 spots in VSMCs of WKY. The different expressed protein spots in VSMCs of SHR were then isolated and measured by matrix-assisted desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). A total of 18 spots showed a sharp clear spectrum, and 13 spots matched with the known proteins from database. These proteins were mainly involved in cytoskeleton, glycometabolism, and post-translational processes. Among these proteins, OPN and matrix gla protein were up-regulated expression proteins, while á-SM actin was down-regulated. Furthermore, these preliminarily identified proteins confirmed by RT-PCR and western blotting analysis were coincident with the changes in 2-DE check. In addition, the cytoskeleton changes and migration rate of VSMCs from SHR treated by insulin increased significantly. The results showed that insulin plays a crucial role in activating proliferation and migration of VSMCs, by regulating the phenotype switch of VSMCs.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cytoskeleton', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Insulin', 'Male', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular', 'Phenotype', 'Proteomics', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred SHR']
| 20,803,099
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750'], ['E05.393.332'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['A02.633.570.491', 'A07.015.733.500', 'A10.690.467.491'], ['G05.695'], ['H01.158.201.843', 'H01.158.273.180.350.700', 'H01.158.273.343.350.700', 'H01.181.122.738'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.300', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.300']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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