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RFA strongly modulates the immune system and anti-tumor immune responses in metastatic liver patients.
|
Radiofrequency tumor ablation (RFA) is a therapeutic modality for liver cancer patients inducing localized tumor necrosis with maximal preservation of normal liver parenchyma. We investigated the immunomodulatory effects exerted by RFA treatment in liver cancer patients with metastatic liver lesions (13 patients) or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (4 patients). Analysis of lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry revealed that after RFA, CD3+ T cells, in particular CD4+, were decreased in metastatic cancer patients, while no change was observed in HCC patients. Moreover, RFA induced trafficking of na?ve and memory CD62L+ T cells from circulation to tissues. When characterizing the function of T cells, proliferative response to PHA was strongly increased after 48 h from RFA in metastatic cancer patients. Furthermore, T cells produced IFN-gamma in response to the tumor associated MUC1 antigen. In contrast, humoral immune responses against tumor antigens such as MUC1 and HCV proteins were unaffected by RFA treatment, although increase of circulating B cells was observed only in metastatic cancer patients. These results indicate that RFA application can exert an activating effect on the immune system in metastatic cancer patients, favouring trafficking of lymphocyte subsets and enhancing tumor antigen specific cellular immune responses.
|
['Aged', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Catheter Ablation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immune System', 'Liver Extracts', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Medical Oncology', 'Middle Aged', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplasms']
| 18,202,772
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['E02.808.750.500', 'E04.014.760.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A15.382'], ['D20.777.351'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['H02.403.429.515'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['C04']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
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Borderline Glenoid Bone Defect in Anterior Shoulder Instability: Latarjet Procedure Versus Bankart Repair.
|
BACKGROUND: The optimal procedure for anterior shoulder instability with a borderline (15%-20%) bone defect on the anterior rim of the glenoid is still controversial.PURPOSE: To compare the clinical outcome and recurrence rate between the arthroscopic Bankart repair and Latarjet procedure among patients with recurrent anterior shoulder instability and a borderline glenoid bone defect.STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.METHODS: The authors retrospectively reviewed cases of arthroscopic Bankart repair and the Latarjet procedure for recurrent anterior shoulder instability with a borderline (15%-20%) glenoid bone defect. Enrollment comprised 149 patients (Bankart group, n = 118; Latarjet group, n = 31). The mean follow-up and age at operation were 28.9 ± 7.3 months (range, 24-73 months) and 26 ± 5 years (range, 16-46 years), respectively.RESULTS: Rowe and UCLA (University of California, Los Angeles) shoulder scores significantly improved from 42.0 ± 14.3 and 22.9 ± 3.2 preoperatively to 90.9 ± 15.4 and 32.5 ± 3.3 postoperatively in the Bankart group ( P < .001) and from 41.0 ± 17.9 and 22.3 ± 3.4 to 91.1 ± 16.1 and 32.3 ± 3.4 in the Latarjet group ( P < .001), respectively. There were no significant between-group differences in Rowe ( P = .920) or UCLA ( P = .715) scores at the final follow-up. Mean postoperative loss of motion during forward flexion, external rotation in abduction, and internal rotation to the posterior was 3.0° ± 6.2°, 11.6° ± 10.2°, and 0.6 spinal segment in the Bankart group and 3.7° ± 9.8°, 10.3° ± 12.8°, and 0.9 spinal segment in the Latarjet group, respectively. These differences were not significant. However, the loss of external rotation at the side was significantly greater in the Bankart group (13.3° ± 12.9°) than in the Latarjet group (7.3° ± 18.1°, P = .034). The overall recurrence rate was significantly higher in the Bankart group (22.9%) than in the Latarjet group (6.5%), ( P = .040).CONCLUSION: The Latarjet procedure and arthroscopic Bankart repair both provided satisfactory clinical outcome scores and pain relief for anterior shoulder instability with a borderline glenoid bone defect. However, the Latarjet procedure resulted in significantly lower recurrences and less external rotation limitation than the arthroscopic Bankart repair. Therefore, the Latarjet procedure could be a more reliable surgical option in anterior recurrent instability with a borderline glenoid bone defect.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Arthroplasty', 'Arthroscopy', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Glenoid Cavity', 'Humans', 'Joint Instability', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'Shoulder Dislocation', 'Young Adult']
| 29,879,363
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E04.555.110', 'E04.680.101'], ['E01.370.388.250.070', 'E04.502.250.070', 'E04.555.113'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['A02.835.232.087.783.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.550.521'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.600.700', 'G11.427.760'], ['C05.550.518.750', 'C26.289.750', 'C26.803.125'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
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Immunohistochemical study on human atrial natriuretic polypeptide in the ventricle of hearts with endocardial fibroelastosis.
|
The presence and distribution of human atrial natriuretic polypeptide (ANP) were investigated immunohistochemically in the ventricles of hearts of 14 cases with endocardial fibroelastosis and 15 cases with noncardiac disease in children. Paraffin sections of autopsied hearts with endocardial fibroelastosis were stained with polyclonal antibodies against human alpha-ANP. Immunoreactive myocytes were clearly demonstrated in the ventricles of 10 hearts with endocardial fibroelastosis. The distribution of ANP-positive cells was most frequent in the inner one-third of the left ventricle. No ANP immunoreactivity was detected in any heart in cases with noncardiac disease. The left ventricular volume index of hearts with ANP-positive cells was larger than that with ANP-negative cells. The mean diameter of ANP-positive myocytes was greater than that of ANP-negative myocytes. These results suggest that ANP expression in ventricular myocytes is related to severe dilatation of the ventricular cavity and to development of myocardial hypertrophy in endocardial fibroelastosis.
|
['Atrial Natriuretic Factor', 'Child', 'Endocardial Fibroelastosis', 'Humans', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Myocardium']
| 2,151,366
|
[['D06.472.699.584.500', 'D12.644.548.585.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C14.280.238.281'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
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|
Pilot data of a brief veteran peer intervention and its relationship to mental health treatment engagement.
|
Underutilization of mental health care is a significant problem among veterans. Offering peer support may improve mental health care engagement. This observational pilot study was conducted using an institutional review board-approved data repository to preliminarily evaluate the association and potential impact of a clinic-based veteran peer outreach strategy on treatment engagement and dropout. Veteran peer outreach coordinators (VPOCs) provided systematic contact (a) within 1 week after clinical evaluation and (b) 1 month after the patient's first treatment session to patients entering treatment at a specialty mental health clinic that provides military-informed mental health care to post-9/11 veterans and service members. Individuals were 102 consecutive Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation New Dawn veteran psychotherapy referrals seen at an outpatient clinic. At 6 months, participants who received both contacts from VPOC had more psychotherapy sessions (M = 10.85, SD = 8.25) compared with those who had received no contact (M = 5.47, SD = 6.41) from VPOCs, t = 2.56, p < .05. The dropout rate was also significantly lower for those who received both peer outreach contacts (17.39%) compared with those who received only 1 VPOC contact (51.11%) or no VPOC contact (43.75%), ÷2 = 7.27, p < .05. Veteran peer outreach may be associated with better engagement in mental health treatment and lower dropout. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
|
['Adult', 'Ambulatory Care', 'Behavior Therapy', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mental Disorders', 'Mental Health Services', 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Peer Group', 'Pilot Projects', 'Veterans']
| 28,493,731
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E02.760.106', 'N02.421.585.106'], ['F04.754.137'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03'], ['F04.408', 'N02.421.461'], ['F01.100.150.750.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['F01.829.316.483'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['M01.930']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Reference Charts for Fetal Cerebellar Vermis Height: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study of 10605 Fetuses.
|
OBJECTIVE: To establish reference charts for fetal cerebellar vermis height in an unselected population.METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional study between September 2009 and December 2014 was carried out at ALTAMEDICA Fetal-Maternal Medical Centre, Rome, Italy. Of 25203 fetal biometric measurements, 12167 (48%) measurements of the cerebellar vermis were available. After excluding 1562 (12.8%) measurements, a total of 10605 (87.2%) fetuses were considered and analyzed once only. Parametric and nonparametric quantile regression models were used for the statistical analysis. In order to evaluate the robustness of the proposed reference charts regarding various distributional assumptions on the ultrasound measurements at hand, we compared the gestational age-specific reference curves we produced through the statistical methods used. Normal mean height based on parametric and nonparametric methods were defined for each week of gestation and the regression equation expressing the height of the cerebellar vermis as a function of gestational age was calculated. Finally the correlation between dimension/gestation was measured.RESULTS: The mean height of the cerebellar vermis was 12.7mm (SD, 1.6mm; 95% confidence interval, 12.7-12.8mm). The regression equation expressing the height of the CV as a function of the gestational age was: height (mm) = -4.85+0.78 x gestational age. The correlation between dimension/gestation was expressed by the coefficient r = 0.87.CONCLUSION: This is the first prospective cross-sectional study on fetal cerebellar vermis biometry with such a large sample size reported in literature. It is a detailed statistical survey and contains new centile-based reference charts for fetal height of cerebellar vermis measurements.
|
['Adult', 'Cerebellar Vermis', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Fetus', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'Pregnancy', 'Prospective Studies', 'Reference Values', 'Regression Analysis', 'Ultrasonography, Prenatal']
| 26,812,238
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.428.200.212.299'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['A16.378'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E01.370.350.850.865', 'E01.370.378.630.865']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
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|
Resistance of a subset of red blood cells to clearance by antibodies in a mouse model of incompatible transfusion.
|
BACKGROUND: Alloimmunization to antigens on transfused red blood cells (RBCs) represents a major barrier to chronic transfusion. In extreme cases of multiple alloimmunization, clinicians may be faced with the decision of transfusing incompatible RBCs or risking death from lack of transfusion. The disastrous results of hemolytic transfusion reactions are well understood, and major pathways of clearance have been described. However, well described but poorly understood is the survival of a subset of incompatible donor RBCs during hemolysis, despite antibody binding.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We utilize a tractable murine model of incompatible transfusion in which RBCs from transgenic donor mice expressing human glycophorin A (hGPA) are transfused into recipients passively immunized with anti-hGPA.RESULTS: As in humans, the majority of RBCs are cleared but a subset of incompatible donor RBCs persist in circulation, despite being bound by antibodies. Data contained herein reject the hypothesis that lack of clearance is due to insufficient antibody or overwhelming of phagocytic machinery; rather, we establish that surviving RBCs represent a distinct population resistant to clearance.CONCLUSIONS: These studies demonstrate that surviving RBCs during incompatible transfusion can represent a population that is resistant to clearance.
|
['Animals', 'Antigen-Antibody Reactions', 'Antigens, Heterophile', 'Blood Group Incompatibility', 'Cell Survival', 'Complement System Proteins', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Erythrocytes', 'Female', 'Glycophorins', 'Humans', 'Isoantibodies', 'Isoantigens', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Phagocytosis', 'Transfusion Reaction']
| 23,033,973
|
[['B01.050'], ['G12.122'], ['D23.050.244'], ['G09.188.114', 'G12.186'], ['G04.346'], ['D12.776.124.486.274'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['D12.644.233.800.350', 'D12.776.395.700.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.664', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.664', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.664'], ['D23.050.705'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['G04.417.350', 'G09.188.665', 'G12.450.564.809', 'G12.688'], ['C15.378.962', 'C20.920']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
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The E-hook of tubulin interacts with kinesin's head to increase processivity and speed.
|
Kinesins are dimeric motor proteins that move processively along microtubules. It has been proposed that the processivity of conventional kinesins is increased by electrostatic interactions between the positively charged neck of the motor and the negatively charged C-terminus of tubulin (E-hook). In this report we challenge this anchoring hypothesis by studying the motility of a fast fungal kinesin from Neurospora crassa (NcKin). NcKin is highly processive despite lacking the positive charges in the neck. We present a detailed analysis of how proteolytic removal of the E-hook affects truncated monomeric and dimeric constructs of NcKin. Upon digestion we observe a strong reduction of the processivity and speed of dimeric motor constructs. Monomeric motors with truncated or no neck display the same reduction of microtubule gliding speed as dimeric constructs, suggesting that the E-hook interacts with the head only. The E-hook has no effect on the strongly bound states of NcKin as microtubule digestion does not alter the stall forces produced by single dimeric motors, suggesting that the E-hook affects the interaction site of the kinesin.ADP-head and the microtubule. In fact, kinetic and binding experiments indicate that removal of the E-hook shifts the binding equilibrium of the weakly attached kinesin.ADP-head toward a more strongly bound state, which may explain reduced processivity and speed on digested microtubules.
|
['Adenosine Diphosphate', 'Adenosine Triphosphatases', 'Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'Biophysics', 'Biotinylation', 'Blotting, Western', 'Brain', 'Cattle', 'Chromatography, Ion Exchange', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Dimerization', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Escherichia coli', 'Guanosine Triphosphate', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Ions', 'Kinesin', 'Kinetics', 'Lasers', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Microtubules', 'Models, Biological', 'Movement', 'Neurospora crassa', 'Potassium', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Proteins', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Static Electricity', 'Tubulin']
| 16,100,283
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.124', 'D13.695.667.138.124', 'D13.695.827.068.124'], ['D08.811.277.040.025'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['H01.158.344', 'H01.671.100'], ['E05.601.085', 'G02.111.109', 'G03.162'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['A08.186.211'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['E05.196.181.400.383'], ['E05.393.220'], ['G02.206', 'G03.230'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.504', 'D13.695.667.454.504', 'D13.695.827.426.504'], ['L01.224.308'], ['D01.248.497'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.193.500', 'D12.776.220.600.450.450', 'D12.776.631.560.450'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E07.632.490', 'E07.710.520'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750.602'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['B01.300.107.800.629.564'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D12.776'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['G01.358.500.249.820'], ['D05.750.078.734.800', 'D12.776.220.600.800', 'D12.776.631.920']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Subarachnoid morphine versus TAP blocks for enhanced recovery after caesarean section delivery: A randomized controlled trial.
|
INTRODUCTION: Subarachnoid morphine is widely used for pain relief in enhanced recovery program after cesarean section in spite of its side effects. However, the role of TAP block is still controversial. The aim of our study was to compare the impact of these analgesic techniques (subarachnoid morphine and TAP block) on enhanced recovery after cesarean section.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, we included patients scheduled for cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia. Patients were randomized in two groups. Group I: received spinal anesthesia with 100ìg of subarachnoid morphine. Group II: received spinal anesthesia without subarachnoid morphine followed by an ultrasound-guided TAP block. We assessed the time required for mobilization, for re-establishment of gastrointestinal transit and for breast-feeding.RESULTS: TAP block allowed earlier postoperative mobilization. Time required for getting up was significantly lower in group II (9.4h versus 6.9h; P=0.024) as well as time required for walking (12.4h versus 7.4h; P=0.001). TAP block allowed earlier re-establishment of gastrointestinal transit (11.2h in group I versus 8.1h in group II; P<0.001).CONCLUSIONS: TAP block seems to be suitable with enhanced recovery programs.
|
['Abdominal Muscles', 'Adult', 'Analgesics, Opioid', 'Anesthesia Recovery Period', 'Anesthesia, Obstetrical', 'Anesthesia, Spinal', 'Cesarean Section', 'Early Ambulation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Morphine', 'Nerve Block', 'Pain Measurement', 'Pain, Postoperative', 'Pregnancy', 'Ultrasonography, Interventional', 'Walking']
| 27,080,379
|
[['A02.633.567.050'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.696.277.600.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.760.500', 'D27.505.954.427.040.550.500', 'D27.505.954.427.210.600.500'], ['E03.160', 'E04.614.750.055', 'N02.421.585.753.750.055'], ['E03.155.364'], ['E03.155.086.331'], ['E04.520.252.500'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.335', 'E02.831.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.132.577.249.562.571', 'D03.605.497.607.587', 'D03.633.400.686.607.587', 'D04.615.723.795.576.571'], ['E03.155.086.711', 'E04.525.210.550'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['C23.550.767.700', 'C23.888.592.612.832'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.370.350.850.855', 'E04.502.890'], ['G11.427.410.568.900', 'G11.427.410.698.277.937', 'I03.350.937', 'I03.450.642.845.940']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
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| 0
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|
Myogenic and scalp signals evoked by midinspiratory airway occlusion.
|
A somatosensory potential that is evoked by transient added inspiratory load has previously been described (Davenport PW, Friedman WA, Thompson FJ, and Franzen O. J Appl Physiol 60: 1843-1848, 1986). This evoked potential is novel because it arises in response to a stimulus that also evokes a muscle response, and so this potential could contain myogenic components. The present study was undertaken to define the relationship between the scalp response and other physiological responses that are evoked by airway occlusion. Evoked signals were recorded from the scalp, scalenus anterior, masseter, and electrooculogram. Responses to a 200-ms midinspiratory occlusion were recorded in 12 healthy volunteers. Evoked responses were reliably recorded at C(3)-C(Z) and C(4)-C(Z) and from the skin overlying the scalenus anterior in 11 of these subjects. The onset latencies were 15.7 +/- 3.1 at C(3)-C(Z), 15.9 +/- 2.1 at C(4)-C(Z), and 17.6 +/- 5.5 ms at scalenus anterior. In nine subjects, the masseter response appeared to coincide with the mouth pressure trace, and this was interpreted as movement artifact. No consistent electrooculogram or frontal electroencephalogram response was recorded. Because of the similarity in onset latency at C(3)-C(Z), C(4)-C(Z), and scalenus anterior, it was concluded that the myogenic signal may contribute to the scalp response and should be viewed as a potential source of artifact in experiments of this nature.
|
['Adult', 'Airway Obstruction', 'Electromyography', 'Electrooculography', 'Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Masseter Muscle', 'Respiratory Mechanics', 'Scalp']
| 10,926,622
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C08.618.846.185'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['E01.370.380.230.285', 'E01.370.405.245.787.285'], ['G07.265.216.500.400', 'G11.561.200.500.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.633.567.600.500', 'A14.530.630'], ['G09.772.705.700'], ['A01.456.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Development of an efficient method for the preparative isolation and purification of chlorophyll a from a marine dinoflagellate Amphidinium carterae by high-speed counter-current chromatography coupled with reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.
|
In our research into chlorophylls of marine dinoflagellates, chlorophyll a was separated rapidly from the hexane extract of Amphidinium carterae in three steps. The first step was silica gel column chromatography, where elution was performed with 0-50% ethyl acetate in n-hexane. The second was high-speed counter-current chromatography using a two-phase solvent system consisting of n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (5:5:5:1, v/v), and the third step was preparative reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography using a solvent system of acetone-water (89:11, v/v). HPLC analysis showed that the purity of chlorophyll a from the second step was over 83%, and after the third it was over 99%. Thirty milligrams of chlorophyll a was isolated from a crude sample of 250 mg of chlorophylls, and its structure was identified by analyzing its MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra.
|
['Animals', 'Chlorophyll', 'Chromatography, Liquid', 'Dinoflagellida']
| 17,053,914
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.374', 'D03.633.400.909.374', 'D04.345.783.374'], ['E05.196.181.400'], ['B01.043.214']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Depth-dependent mechanical properties of enamel by nanoindentation.
|
Nanoindentation has recently emerged to be the primary method to study the mechanical behavior and reliability of human enamel. Its hardness and elastic modulus were generally reported as average values with standard deviations that were calculated from the results of multiple nanoindentation testing. In such an approach, it is assumed that the mechanical properties of human enamel are constant, independent of testing parameters, like indent depth and loading rate. However, little is known if they affect the measurements. In this study, we investigated the dependence of the hardness and elastic modulus of human enamel on the indent depth. We found that in a depth range from 100 to 2000 nm the elastic moduli continuously decreased from approximately 104 to 70 GPa, and the hardnesses decreased from approximately 5.7 to 3.6 GPa. We then considered human enamel as a fiber-reinforced composite, and used the celebrated rule of mixture theory to quantify the upper and lower bounds of the elastic moduli, which were shown to cover the values measured in the current study and previous studies. Accordingly, we attributed the depth dependence of the hardness and modulus to the continuous microstructure evolution induced by the nanoindenter tip.
|
['Compressive Strength', 'Dental Enamel', 'Elasticity', 'Hardness', 'Hardness Tests', 'Humans']
| 17,109,413
|
[['G01.374.180'], ['A14.549.167.900.255'], ['G01.374.590'], ['G01.374.647'], ['E05.417', 'E05.570.500.500', 'G01.374.647.457', 'G01.374.687.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Invasion of Haemophilus influenzae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in humans.
|
Levels of serum IgG antibodies to somatic antigens of Haemophilus influenzae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were determined in 127 healthy people, 37 patients with chronic bronchitis and 20 patients with bronchiectasis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The logarithmic mean titers of antibodies to Haemophilus influenzae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were significantly higher in the patients with chronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis than in healthy people. The invasion rate of Haemophilus influenzae was identical in healthy people, chronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis, while that of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was significantly lower in healthy people than in chronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis patients. These results indicate that patients with chronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis may often have recurrence and are easily infected because of lowered defense mechanisms in the respiratory tract.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antibodies, Bacterial', 'Bronchiectasis', 'Bronchitis', 'Haemophilus Infections', 'Haemophilus influenzae', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Pseudomonas Infections', 'Pseudomonas aeruginosa']
| 3,927,515
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.107', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.125'], ['C08.127.384'], ['C01.748.099', 'C08.127.446', 'C08.381.495.146', 'C08.730.099'], ['C01.150.252.400.700.433'], ['B03.440.450.600.450.330', 'B03.660.250.550.290.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.150.252.400.739'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.100', 'B03.660.250.580.590.050']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Gemcitabine-based combination chemotherapy followed by radiation with capecitabine as adjuvant therapy for resected pancreas cancer.
|
PURPOSE: To report outcomes for patients with resected pancreas cancer treated with an adjuvant regimen consisting of gemcitabine-based combination chemotherapy followed by capecitabine and radiation.PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of a series of patients treated at a single institution with a common postoperative adjuvant program. Between January 2002 and August 2006, 43 resected pancreas cancer patients were offered treatment consisting of 4, 21-day cycles of gemcitabine 1 g/m(2) intravenously over 30 min on Days 1 and 8, with either cisplatin 35 mg/m(2) intravenously on Days 1 and 8 or capecitabine 1500 mg/m(2) orally in divided doses on Days 1-14. After completion of combination chemotherapy, patients received a course of radiotherapy (54 Gy) with concurrent capecitabine (1330 mg/m(2) orally in divided doses) day 1 to treatment completion.RESULTS: Forty-one patients were treated. Median progression-free survival for the entire group was 21.7 months (95% confidence interval 13.9-34.5 months), and median overall survival was 45.9 months. In multivariate analysis a postoperative CA 19-9 level of >or=180 U/mL predicted relapse and death. Toxicity was mild, with only two hospitalizations during adjuvant therapy.CONCLUSIONS: A postoperative adjuvant program using combination chemotherapy with gemcitabine and either cisplatin or capecitabine followed by radiotherapy with capecitabine is tolerable and efficacious and should be considered for Phase III testing in this group of patients.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Capecitabine', 'Chemotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Cisplatin', 'Deoxycytidine', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Female', 'Fluorouracil', 'Humans', 'Karnofsky Performance Status', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Radiotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Regression Analysis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 19,409,732
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['D03.383.742.680.245.500.425', 'D03.383.742.698.875.404.425', 'D13.570.230.329.313', 'D13.570.685.245.500.425'], ['E02.186.170', 'E02.319.170'], ['D01.210.375', 'D01.625.125', 'D01.710.100'], ['D03.383.742.680.245.500', 'D13.570.230.329', 'D13.570.685.245.500'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['E02.319.283'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['E02.186.775', 'E02.815.600'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Comparative serum proteome analysis reveals potential early pregnancy-specific protein biomarkers in pigs.
|
In this study, the comparative serum proteome profile of Day 5, 12 and 16 of gestation, representing three early embryonic events, namely formation, elongation and implantation of blastocysts, and non-pregnant control were explored by a label-free quantitation-based mass spectrometric approach to identify early pregnancy biomarkers in pigs. A total of 131 proteins were identified with respect to different groups, out of which 105 were found to be differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Among the DEPs, 54 and 66 proteins were found to be up and downregulated respectively in early pregnancy groups (fold change >2) and the maximum number of upregulated proteins was observed in the Day 12 pregnancy stage. Functional classification and pathway analysis of the DEPs revealed involvement of most of the proteins in complement and coagulation cascades, metabolic processes and immune and inflammatory responses. Proteins such as glutathione peroxidise (GPX), pregnancy zone protein (PZP), thrombospondin-1 (THBS1), á-1-antitrypsin (AAT) and mannose-binding lectin C (MBLC) were differentially expressed during early pregnancy and actively involved in different pregnancy-related activities. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on comparative serum protein profiling of different early pregnancy stages in pigs and our results provide a set of proteins that can be used as potential biomarkers for early pregnancy diagnosis in pigs.
|
['Animals', 'Biomarkers', 'Female', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Proteins', 'Pregnancy, Animal', 'Proteome', 'Proteomics', 'Swine']
| 30,418,869
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.101'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D12.776.780'], ['G08.686.784.769.498'], ['D12.776.817'], ['H01.158.201.843', 'H01.158.273.180.350.700', 'H01.158.273.343.350.700', 'H01.181.122.738'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The Effect of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone on Apoptosis and Autophagy in Traumatic Brain Injury.
|
BACKGROUND: Pyrroloquinoline quinone is an anionic, water-soluble compound with antioxidant characteristic. The role of pyrroloquinoline quinone in pharmacology and nutrition has attracted wide attention of researchers. Although a few experiments have confirmed that pyrroloquinoline quinone plays an obvious effective role in neuroprotection. There are few reports about the effect of pyrroloquinoline quinone on traumatic brain injury. Traumatic brain injury is one of the leading causes for adult disability and death. So far, there are no effective treatment methods for the injury because of its complex pathophysiology.METHOD: In the present study, a model of traumatic brain injury in rat was established to study the role of pyrroloquinoline quinone in central nervous system injury.RESULTS: The results showed that the protein expression of cleaved-Caspase 3/Caspase 3 increased after traumatic brain injury and the expression decreased by treatment with 2mM pyrroloquinoline quinone. Terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining displayed that the TUNEL positive signals were up-regulated after traumatic brain injury and were down-regulated after treatment with 2mM pyrroloquinoline quinone. The protein expression of LC3II/LC3I or lysosome-associated membrane protein 2(LAMP2) was elevated after traumatic brain injury and reduced after administration with 2mM pyrroloquinoline quinone. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the number of autophagosomes increased markedly after traumatic brain injury and decreased on administration of 2mM pyrroloquinoline quinone. Electroencephalogram indicated that pyrroloquinoline quinone improved brain electrophysiological function after traumatic brain injury. The results of CCK-8 test showed that pyrroloquinoline quinone could increase the viability of primary astrocyte treated with Glutamate. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay demonstrated that pyrroloquinoline quinone decreased LDH content in primary astrocyte exposed to Glutamate.CONCLUSION: Pyrroloquinoline quinone could play a neuroprotective role after traumatic brain injury in rat, which might be associated with inhibiting apoptosis and autophagy caused by traumatic brain injury.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Apoptosis', 'Astrocytes', 'Autophagosomes', 'Autophagy', 'Brain Injuries, Traumatic', 'Caspase 3', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein', 'Glutamic Acid', 'L-Lactate Dehydrogenase', 'Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 2', 'Male', 'Microtubule-Associated Proteins', 'Neuroprotective Agents', 'PQQ Cofactor', 'Phosphopyruvate Hydratase', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Sincalide']
| 28,124,619
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['A08.637.200', 'A11.650.200'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.700.500'], ['G04.011'], ['C10.228.140.199.444', 'C10.900.300.087.235', 'C26.915.300.200.194'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126.350.300', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126.350.300', 'D12.644.360.075.405.350.300', 'D12.776.476.075.405.350.300'], ['A11.251'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D05.750.078.593.400', 'D12.776.220.475.400'], ['D12.125.067.625.349', 'D12.125.119.409.349', 'D12.125.427.300'], ['D08.811.682.047.551.400', 'D08.811.682.047.820.493'], ['D12.776.395.550.550.750', 'D12.776.543.550.527.750'], ['D12.776.220.600.450', 'D12.776.631.560'], ['D27.505.696.706.548', 'D27.505.954.427.575'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.661', 'D08.211.682'], ['D08.811.520.241.300.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D06.472.317.152.700', 'D12.644.120.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Outcomes of Recurrent Retinal Detachment Surgery following Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment.
|
AIM: To study the anatomical and functional outcomes of recurrent retinal detachment (RD) surgery following pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 133 consecutive cases of recurrent RD.INCLUSION CRITERIA: age ?18 years, recurrent RD following PPV ± encircling band for rhegmatogenous RD.EXCLUSION CRITERIA: age <18 years, post-endophthalmitis/tractional/exudative/combined RD, post-scleral buckle, primary surgery done at another institute. The final anatomical and functional outcomes, and their association with clinico-surgical factors, were analyzed.RESULTS: Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) ? Grade C in re-detached retina (OR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.02-6.09; P = 0.045) and need for multiple resurgeries (OR, 6.48; 95% CI, 2.51-16.69; P < 0.0001) were significant risk factors for the final anatomical failure. Eyes with PVR ? Grade C (OR, 0.31, 95% CI, 0.12-0.80; P = 0.013) in primary RD, and with multiple breaks (OR, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.06-0.96; P = 0.044) at the time of recurrent RD, were less likely to have final BCVA ?20/200. The visual acuity at the time of recurrent RD had a moderately positive correlation (r = 0.454, P < 0.001), and the delay in recurrence of RD had a weakly positive correlation (r = 0.214, P = 0.046) with the final BCVA.CONCLUSIONS: PVR ? Grade C and multiple resurgeries are associated with higher incidence of anatomical failure in recurrent RD surgery. Multiple breaks are associated with a poorer visual outcome, whereas a better baseline visual acuity and delayed recurrence of RD after primary repair are associated with a better visual outcome.
|
['Endotamponade', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Recurrence', 'Reoperation', 'Retina', 'Retinal Detachment', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Visual Acuity', 'Vitrectomy']
| 29,125,779
|
[['E02.520.392'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E04.690'], ['A09.371.729'], ['C11.768.648'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940'], ['E04.540.960']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of VKORC1, CYP2C9, CFP4F2, and GGCX Gene Polymorphisms on Warfarin Dose in Japanese Pediatric Patients.
|
BACKGROUND: Warfarin dosage requirements show considerable inter-individual variability. There are some reports of warfarin dose regimens correlating with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) for CYP2C9, VKORC1 and other genes in adults. In children, however, reports are scarcer than in adults and the number of genes examined is more limited. We explored the effects of genetic variation on warfarin dose requirement in Japanese pediatric patients.METHODS: A total of 45 patients who were prescribed warfarin at the Yokohama City University Hospital were included in this study. The influence of genetic polymorphisms on stable warfarin dosage requirement was investigated by genotyping SNPs of the VKORC1, CYP2C9, CYP4F2, and GGCX genes (rs9923231, rs1057910, rs2108622, and rs699664, respectively) in each patient.RESULTS: Patients with the TT genotype in rs9923231 in VKORC1 required significantly lower maintenance dosages than those with the TC genotype (p = 0.001). Multiple regression analysis showed that, while VKORC1 status and patient height account for 78.2 % of the variability in maintenance warfarin dosage, genetic polymorphisms in VKORC1 account for 27 %, although polymorphisms in CYP4F2 and GGCX had no effect on dosage and the effect of CYP2C9 could not be evaluated.CONCLUSIONS: Polymorphisms in VKORC1 partially affected daily warfarin dosage requirements. VKORC1 genotype and height are the primary determinants influencing warfarin dosage in Japanese pediatric patients. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm our results.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Alleles', 'Anticoagulants', 'Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9', 'Cytochrome P450 Family 4', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Japan', 'Male', 'Pharmacogenomic Variants', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Vitamin K Epoxide Reductases', 'Warfarin', 'Young Adult']
| 27,262,824
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['D27.505.954.502.119'], ['M01.686.508.200'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D08.244.453.491.500.500', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.450.500.500', 'D12.776.422.220.453.491.500.500'], ['D08.244.453.870', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.496', 'D12.776.422.220.453.870'], ['E02.319.310'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['G05.365.795.446'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.961'], ['D03.383.663.283.446.520.914', 'D03.633.100.150.446.520.914'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Breakdown of lysosomal glycogen in cultured fibroblasts from glycogenosis type II patients after uptake of acid alpha-glucosidase.
|
Fibroblast cultures from patients with different clinical subtypes of glycogenosis type II were compared with respect to residual acid alpha-glucosidase activity and lysosomal glycogen content. Lysosomal glycogen storage was most pronounced in fibroblasts from patients with the rapidly progressive infantile form of the disease, and the most severe enzyme deficiency. In fibroblasts from adult patients with more than 10% of the control activity storage did not occur, and 15% of the total cellular glycogen was found in the lysosomes as in control cells. The strict correlation between residual acid alpha-glucosidase activity and lysosomal glycogen accumulation was further illustrated in two adult Pompe patients with an unusually low enzyme activity. The mild clinical course is unexplained in these particular cases. The enzyme deficiency in all the different mutant cell lines was corrected by the uptake of bovine testis acid alpha-glucosidase from the culture medium. As a result of this, the lysosomal glycogen storage disappeared, and the balance between lysosomal and cytoplasmic glycogen was restored to normal. The implications of this study as a model for enzyme replacement therapy are discussed.
|
['Cell Fractionation', 'Cell Line', 'Fibroblasts', 'Glycogen', 'Glycogen Storage Disease', 'Glycogen Storage Disease Type II', 'Humans', 'Lysosomes', 'Proteins', 'alpha-Glucosidases']
| 3,302,116
|
[['E05.242.251'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.329.228'], ['D05.750.078.562.388', 'D09.698.365.388'], ['C16.320.565.202.449', 'C18.452.648.202.449'], ['C10.228.140.163.100.435.340', 'C16.320.565.189.435.340', 'C16.320.565.202.449.500', 'C16.320.565.595.554.340', 'C18.452.132.100.435.340', 'C18.452.648.189.435.340', 'C18.452.648.202.449.500', 'C18.452.648.595.554.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.550'], ['D12.776'], ['D08.811.277.450.420.050']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Thyroid hormone response elements in pituitary genes.
|
Thyroid hormones regulate the transcription of a number of genes in the anterior pituitary gland. A thyroid hormone response element in the regulatory region of the rat growth hormone gene has previously been shown to mediate the effects of thyroid hormones on growth hormone gene transcription. The 5' flanking regions of the thyrotrophin alpha and beta subunit and prolactin genes have now been examined for the presence of sequences similar to this response element. Southern blotting reveals that no such sequences are present in the regions of the thyrotrophin subunit and prolactin genes examined, suggesting that the thyroid response elements of these genes differ from that of the rat growth hormone gene.
|
['Animals', 'Blotting, Southern', 'DNA', 'Glycoprotein Hormones, alpha Subunit', 'Growth Hormone', 'Humans', 'Oligonucleotide Probes', 'Pituitary Hormones, Anterior', 'Prolactin', 'Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid', 'Thyroid Hormones', 'Thyrotropin']
| 2,472,172
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.114', 'E05.301.300.087', 'E05.601.150'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D06.472.699.322.326.562', 'D06.472.699.322.576.288.750', 'D06.472.699.322.576.463.249', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.288.750', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463.249', 'D06.472.699.631.525.883.249', 'D06.472.699.649.367.562', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.288.750', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463.249', 'D12.644.548.691.525.883.249', 'D12.644.548.726.367.562'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.425', 'D12.644.548.691.525.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D13.444.600.601', 'D27.505.259.750.600.650', 'D27.720.470.530.600.650'], ['D06.472.699.631.525', 'D12.644.548.691.525'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.773', 'D06.472.699.631.525.525', 'D12.644.548.691.525.525'], ['G02.111.570.080.689', 'G05.360.080.689'], ['D06.472.931'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.883', 'D12.644.548.691.525.883']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Risk factors for acute cholecystitis and for intraoperative complications.
|
BACKGROUND: Acute cholecystitis is still frequent in emergency surgical departments. As surgical technique, nowadays laparoscopy is widely used and with low complications and with low postoperative morbidity.MATERIAL AND METHODS: We perform an analytical study about the safety of laparoscopic surgery in patients with acute cholecystitis in a single Surgical Department with an experience of over 20 years in laparoscopic surgery. We included 193 patient admitted in our department during 2014 and 2015.RESULTS: Of the 193 patients, 43% were diagnosed with acute lithiasic cholecystitis (ALC) whereas 56% had chronic lithiasic cholecystitis (CLC). We assessed the comorbidities of the patient via Pearson's Chi-Square test and we found out that there is a significant relationship between acute cholecystitis and high blood tension, obesity and diabetes. Surgical techniques performed were in 95% of cases laparoscopic cholecystectomy and only in 5% we performed open surgery.DISCUSSIONS: Experienced surgeons have a lower conversion rate as compared to less experienced surgeons. For this reason, postoperative assessment criteria have been proposed, with a view to identify the risk of conversion CONCLUSION: In our study laparoscopic surgery for acute cholecystitis is a safe procedure with low intraoperative complication rate and with a reduced hospital stay.KEY WORDS: Acute cholecystitis, Intraoperative adhesion, Intraoperative bleeding, Laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Blood Loss, Surgical', 'Body Mass Index', 'Cholecystectomy', 'Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic', 'Cholecystitis, Acute', 'Conversion to Open Surgery', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intraoperative Complications', 'Lithiasis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Romania', 'Tissue Adhesions', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 29,068,324
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.414.300', 'C23.550.505.300'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['E04.210.120.172'], ['E04.210.120.172.140', 'E04.502.250.520.160'], ['C06.130.564.263.500'], ['E04.502.250.155'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.505'], ['C23.550.537'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['Z01.542.248.764'], ['C23.550.355.274.840'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Vibrant Soundbridge®: An Alternative Hearing System for Preschool Children with Aural Atresia].
|
BACKGROUND: The audiological treatment of children with aural atresia makes high demands on physicians and acousticians. Conventional hearing systems are often not tolerated by children and therefore do not meet the needs of the early and efficient therapy of hearing disorders. Aim of the present study was the evaluation of the audiological functional gain in children with uni- and bilateral aural atresia provided with the middle ear implant Vibrant Soundbridge(®) (VSB(®)) below the age of 6 years as well as the analysis of parents' satisfaction assessed with questionnaires.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The VSB(®) was implanted in 16 children, 13 with unilateral and 3 with bilateral aural atresia, with the mean age of 2;11±1;6 years. 3 months after the first fitting of the audio processor, pure-tone audiometry via free field testing with and without the hearing system was performed. Furthermore, parents completed a standardized questionnaire to evaluate their satisfaction with the VSB(®) treatment quality. The questionnaire included items on the acceptance by children, handling, listening effort, behavior, satisfaction, quality of life, aesthetics, and the length of daily use.RESULTS: The use of the VSB(®) resulted in a significantly improved hearing level: 20 dB on average (Z=- 3.06; p=0.002; n=12). The analysis of parents' questionnaire demonstrated high or very high satisfaction with VSB(®) in all subjects. Primarily, the length of daily use of the VSB(®) was significantly higher than that of the hearing system used before with 10.0±2.1 vs. 2.7±2.2 h per day (Z=- 3.06; p=0.002; n=14).CONCLUSION: The VSB(®) presented a good alternative for audiological treatment of uni- and bilateral aural atresia at toddler and pre-school age.
|
['Audiometry, Pure-Tone', 'Child, Preschool', 'Ear', 'Hearing Aids', 'Hearing Loss, Conductive', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Ossicular Prosthesis', 'Quality of Life', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 27,626,815
|
[['E01.370.382.375.060.055'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['A01.456.313', 'A09.246'], ['E07.305.906.500', 'E07.814.458'], ['C09.218.458.341.562', 'C10.597.751.418.341.562', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.562'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E07.695.550'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
TRPV1 is a Responding Channel for Acupuncture Manipulation in Mice Peripheral and Central Nerve System.
|
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Acupuncture involves inserting a fine needle into a specific point, often called an acupoint, thereby initiating a therapeutic effect accompanied by phenomena such as soreness, heaviness, fullness, and numbness. Acupoints are characterized as points located in deep tissues with abundant sensory nerve terminals, which suggests that there is a strong relationship between acupoints and peripheral sensory afferents. In this study, we determined whether manual acupuncture (MA) or different frequencies of electroacupuncture (EA) share similar mechanisms for activating excitatory neurotransmission.METHODS: We performed MA or EA at acupoint ST36 and we also used western blot and immunostaining techniques to determine neural changes at the peripheral dorsal root ganglion (DRG), spinal cord (SC), and somatosensory cortex (SSC) levels.RESULTS: Our results show that either MA or EA at the ST36 acupoint significantly increased components of the TRPV1-related signaling pathway, such as pPKA, pPI3K, pPKC-pERK, and pAKT (but not pp38 or pJNK) at the peripheral DRG and central SC-SSC levels. Furthermore, excitatory phosphorylated N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (pNMDA) and pCaMKIIá (but not pNR2B, pCaMKIIä, or pCaMKIIã) also increased. These molecules could not increase in the DRG and SC-SSC of TRPV1-/-mice.CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrates that both MA and EA can activate excitatory signals in either peripheral or central levels. We also define that TRPV1 is crucial for an acupuncture effect and then initiate excitatory pNR1-pCaMKII pathway, at peripheral DRG and central SC-SSC level. We suggest that the TRPV1 signaling pathway is highly correlated to Acupuncture effect that implies the real clinical significance.
|
['Acupuncture', 'Animals', 'Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2', 'Central Nervous System', 'Electroacupuncture', 'Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases', 'Ganglia, Spinal', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Phosphorylation', 'Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate', 'Signal Transduction', 'Somatosensory Cortex', 'Spinal Cord', 'TRPV Cation Channels']
| 30,231,245
|
[['H02.004'], ['B01.050'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.125.200', 'D12.644.360.100.200', 'D12.776.476.100.200'], ['A08.186'], ['E02.186.250', 'E02.190.044.244', 'E02.331.399', 'E02.779.468.399', 'E02.831.535.468.399', 'E03.091.823.500', 'E03.155.519'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.249', 'D12.644.360.450.169', 'D12.776.476.450.169'], ['A08.340.390.340', 'A08.800.350.340', 'A08.800.800.720.725.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.500.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.400.500'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.670.675', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.906'], ['A08.186.854'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.901.888']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A case of Wegener's granulomatosis presenting with jaw claudication.
|
The major manifestations of Wegener's granulomatosis have been well described. Jaw claudication has not been recognized as one of the symptoms associated with this disease. We report the first case of Wegener's granulomatosis presenting with jaw claudication. Documentation of different histological types of vasculitis producing similar symptoms broadens our concepts of systemic vasculitis and emphasizes the need for tissue biopsy for diagnosis.
|
['Diagnosis, Differential', 'Giant Cell Arteritis', 'Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis', 'Humans', 'Intermittent Claudication', 'Male', 'Mandibular Diseases', 'Middle Aged']
| 6,512,795
|
[['E01.171'], ['C10.114.875.700', 'C10.228.140.300.850.500', 'C14.907.253.946.700', 'C14.907.940.090.530', 'C14.907.940.907.700', 'C17.800.862.252', 'C20.111.258.962.800'], ['C08.381.483.950', 'C14.907.940.897.249.750', 'C20.111.193.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.137.126.669', 'C23.888.531'], ['C05.500.607', 'C07.320.610'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Characterization of colonic dendritic cells in normal and colitic mice.
|
AIM: Recent studies demonstrating the direct involvement of dendritic cells (DC) in the activation of pathogenic T cells in animal models of inflammatory bowel disease identify DC as important antigen presenting cells in the colon. However, very little is known about the properties of colonic DC.METHODS: Using immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy and flow cytometry we have characterized and compared colonic DC in the colon of healthy animals and interleukin-2-deficient (IL2(-/-)) mice that develop colitis.RESULTS: In the healthy colon, DC resided within the lamina propria and in close association with the basement membrane of colonic villi. Type 1 myeloid (CD11c(+), CD11b(+), B220(-), CD8alpha(-)) DC made up the largest (40-45%) population and all DC expressed low levels of CD80, CD86, and CD40, and had high endocytic activity consistent with an immature phenotype. In colitic IL2(-/-) mice, colonic DC numbers increased four- to five-fold and were localized within the epithelial layer and within aggregates of T and B cells. They were also many more DC in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). The majority (>85%) of DC in the colon and MLN of IL2(-/-) mice were type 1 myeloid, and expressed high levels of MHC class II, CD80, CD86, CD40, DEC 205, and CCR5 molecules and were of low endocytic activity consistent with mature DC.CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate striking changes in the number, distribution and phenotype of DC in the inflamed colon. Their intimate association with lymphocytes in the colon and draining lymph nodes suggest that they may contribute directly to the ongoing inflammation in the colon.
|
['Animals', 'Colitis', 'Colon', 'Dendritic Cells', 'Interleukin-2', 'Macrophages', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Phenotype', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 16,419,163
|
[['B01.050'], ['C06.405.205.265', 'C06.405.469.158.188'], ['A03.556.124.526.356', 'A03.556.249.249.356'], ['A11.066.270', 'A11.436.270', 'A15.382.066.270', 'A15.382.670.260'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.021', 'D12.644.276.374.480.372', 'D12.776.467.374.465.021', 'D12.776.467.374.480.372', 'D23.529.374.465.155', 'D23.529.374.480.372'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['G05.695'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
First collection records of Aedes japonicus in Minnesota.
|
Aedes japonicus was first identified in the eastern United States during 1998 and has since spread to locations west of the Mississippi River. This species was found in Minnesota for the first time during 2007 at a tire recycling facility in Scott County and was identified during 2008 at 43 locations in 4 additional Minnesota counties south and east of the initial finding. These records document the presence of Ae. japonicus in 5 counties of southeastern Minnesota and indicate that the species overwinters locally.
|
['Aedes', 'Animals', 'Demography', 'Larva', 'Minnesota', 'Time Factors']
| 19,852,229
|
[['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.712.500.875.100'], ['B01.050'], ['I01.240', 'N01.224', 'N06.850.505.400'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.510', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.510'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Cortical thickness and subcortical structure volume abnormalities in patients with major depression with and without anxious symptoms.
|
BACKGROUND: Anxious depression is one of the common subtypes of major depressive disorder (MDD). Clinically, patients with anxious depression exhibit more severe depressive symptoms than patients with nonanxious depression. The aim of the present study was to explore the common and differing cortical and subcortical structural changes between patients with anxious and nonanxious depression.METHODS: Patients were placed into one of three groups: the anxious depression group (MDD patients with high levels of anxiety symptoms, n = 23), the nonanxious depression group (n = 22), and healthy controls (n = 43) that were matched for age, sex, and education level. All participants underwent T1-weighted MRI. The Freesurfer, which uses a set of automated sequences to analyze the abnormal changes of cortical thickness, cortical and subcortical structures, was used to process the T1 images.RESULTS: Compared to controls, MDD patients showed thinner cortical thickness in the left inferior temporal, the right superior temporal, and the right parsorbitalis, and a smaller volume of the left hippocampus. Compared to nonanxious depression, anxious depressive patients showed a cortical thinning of the left superior frontal and right superior temporal, as well as the right lingual, and significantly increased subcortical volume of the bilateral caudate nuclei. Correlation analysis showed that the volumes of the bilateral caudate nuclei were directly proportional to the anxiety/somatization factor score.CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that smaller hippocampal volume and atrophic prefrontal and temporal cortices might be a common pattern of cortical and subcortical alterations in patients with depression and/or anxiety. However, the change in the caudate nucleus volume may be indicative of anxious depression and may potentially be used to distinguish anxious from nonanxious depression.
|
['Adult', 'Anxiety', 'Caudate Nucleus', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Depression', 'Depressive Disorder, Major', 'Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders', 'Female', 'Hippocampus', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Organ Size', 'Statistics as Topic']
| 28,828,215
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.132'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487.550.184'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['F03.600.300.375'], ['L01.453.245.945.200'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor inhibits phenylalanine-induced neuronal apoptosis by preventing RhoA pathway activation.
|
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is neuropathologically characterized by neuronal cell loss, white matter abnormalities, dendritic simplification, and synaptic density reduction. The neuropathological effect may be due to the 'toxicity' of the high concentration of phenylalanine, while little is known about the related treatments to block this effect. In this study, we reported that brain-derived growth factor (BDNF) protected neurons from phenylalanine-induced apoptosis and inhibition of Trk receptor by K252a or downregulation of TrkB abrogated the effect of BDNF. We further demonstrated that phenylalanine-induced RhoA activation and myosin light chain phosphorylation were inhibited by pretreatment with BDNF, while phenylalanine activates the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis through the RhoA/Rho-associated kinase pathway. Thus our studies indicate that the protective effect of BDNF against phenylalanine-induced neuronal apoptosis is probably mediated by suppression of RhoA signaling pathway via TrkB receptor. Taken together, these findings suggest a potential neuroprotective action of BDNF in prevention and treatment of PKU brain injury.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Biotransformation', 'Blotting, Western', 'Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytosol', 'GTP Phosphohydrolases', 'In Situ Nick-End Labeling', 'Mitochondria', 'Myosin Light Chains', 'Neurons', 'Phenylalanine', 'Phosphorylation', 'RNA Interference', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptor, trkB', 'Signal Transduction', 'rhoA GTP-Binding Protein']
| 19,890,711
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['G03.171', 'G03.787.225', 'G07.690.725.225'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['D12.644.276.860.100', 'D12.776.467.860.100', 'D12.776.631.600.100', 'D23.529.850.100'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['D08.811.277.040.330'], ['E05.393.475'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['D05.750.078.730.475.200', 'D12.776.157.125.475', 'D12.776.210.500.600.200', 'D12.776.220.525.475.200'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D12.125.072.050.685', 'D12.125.142.666'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.700', 'D12.776.543.750.630.498', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.550.600'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.700.200', 'D12.644.360.525.700.200', 'D12.776.157.325.515.700.200', 'D12.776.476.525.700.200']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
HOUSE FINCH ( HAEMORHOUS MEXICANUS)-ASSOCIATED MYCOPLASMA GALLISEPTICUM IDENTIFIED IN LESSER GOLDFINCH ( SPINUS PSALTRIA) AND WESTERN SCRUB JAY ( APHELOCOMA CALIFORNICA) USING STRAIN-SPECIFIC QUANTITATIVE PCR.
|
: In 1994 Mycoplasma gallisepticum was found to be the etiologic agent of House Finch ( Haemorhous mexicanus) conjunctivitis, a rapidly expanding epidemic caused by a genetically discrete, House Finch-associated strain of M. gallisepticum (HFMG). While most prominent in House Finches, HFMG has been reported in other members of the family Fringillidae, including American Goldfinches ( Spinus tristis), Purple Finches ( Haemorhous purpureus), Pine Grosbeaks ( Pinicola enucleator), and Evening Grosbeaks ( Coccothraustes vespertinus). Herein we report two new potential host species of HFMG strain, the Lesser Goldfinch ( Spinus psaltria), belonging to the Fringillidae family, and the Western (California) Scrub Jay ( Aphelocoma californica), belonging to the Corvidae family. The latter is one of only two reports of HFMG being found outside the Fringillidae family, and of these is the only one reported outside of captivity. Furthermore, non-HFMG M. gallisepticum was identified in an American Crow ( Corvus brachyrhynchos), indicating presence of additional strains in wild birds. Strain typing of M. gallisepticum isolates was done via HFMG-specific quantitative PCR analysis and validated using random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis. Our results suggested an expanded host range of HFMG strain, and further suggested that the host range of HFMG was not limited to members of the family Fringillidae.
|
['Animals', 'Bird Diseases', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Mycoplasma Infections', 'Mycoplasma gallisepticum', 'Passeriformes', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction']
| 29,053,429
|
[['B01.050'], ['C22.131'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['C01.150.252.400.610.610'], ['B03.440.860.580.553.553.345'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.620'], ['E05.393.620.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Lymphatic metastasis and cell adhesion, growth and growth inhibition].
|
Malignant tumor cells often metastasize to regional and distant lymph nodes. The mechanisms of lymphatic metastasis, however, have not been well understood. To investigate these mechanisms, we used mouse CS-21 malignant T lymphoma cells which form tumors at subcutaneous sites and metastasize to lymph nodes with a high incidence. In contrast, CS-21 cells do not metastasize to other organs following intravenous injection. CS-21 lymphoma cells continuously grew in vitro when the cells were cocultured with CA-12 stromal cells isolated from lymph nodes. However, when CS-21 cells were separated from the stromal cells, they underwent apoptosis which was characterized by nucleus condensation and DNA fragmentation. We have developed monoclonal antibodies against CS-21 cell surface molecules by intrasplenic injection of the cell membranes. Several clones of monoclonal antibodies were able to partially inhibit adhesion of CS-21 cells to a monolayer of CA-12 stromal cells. Treatment of CS-21 cells with the monoclonal antibodies which specifically bind to the cell surface components of M(r) -168K and -23K prevented the apoptosis of CS-21 cells after separation from the stromal cells. In the experiments using Transwell chambers we found that the growth of CS-21 cells was also supported by soluble factors secreted from CA-12 stromal cells. The secreted factors were, however, not sufficient to prevent CS-21 cell apoptosis. The result suggested that the stromal cells of lymph nodes play an important role in lymphatic metastasis of CS-21 lymphoma cells by cell-cell adhesion and secretion of soluble factors that prevent apoptosis of lymphoma cells and enhance their growth in concert.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Death', 'Cell Division', 'Lymph Nodes', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Lymphoma, T-Cell', 'Mice', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 8,439,186
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['G04.022'], ['G04.146'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['A10.549.400', 'A15.382.520.604.412'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['C04.557.386.480.750', 'C15.604.515.569.480.750', 'C20.683.515.761.480.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Has nicotine a local anaesthetic action?
|
In this study, we investigated whether nicotine may have a local anaesthetic action in mice, using the tail press and tail immersion tests. Nicotine increased the latent time of biting the clip in the tail press test (p < 0.001) and retarded tail withdrawal latency in the tail immersion test (p < 0.01), compared to controls. These results suggest that nicotine may possess a local anaesthetic action.
|
['Anesthetics, Local', 'Animals', 'Female', 'Immersion', 'Male', 'Mecamylamine', 'Mice', 'Nicotine', 'Nicotinic Antagonists', 'Pain Measurement', 'Plants, Toxic', 'Prilocaine', 'Tobacco, Smokeless']
| 8,736,044
|
[['D27.505.696.277.100.200', 'D27.505.696.663.850.025', 'D27.505.954.427.210.100.200'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.466'], ['D02.455.426.100.080.550.500', 'D04.075.080.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D03.132.760.570', 'D03.383.725.518'], ['D27.505.519.625.120.200.700', 'D27.505.696.577.120.200.700'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['B01.650.660'], ['D02.065.199.750', 'D02.092.146.113.750'], ['J01.637.767.844.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Persistence and degradation of maize-expressed vaccine protein, Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin subunit B, in soil and water.
|
Transgenic plants represent an innovative platform for the cost-effective large-scale production of various pharmaceutical proteins. The eventual open-field production of plant-made pharmaceuticals (PMPs) requires risk assessment to determine the potential for harm to the surrounding ecosystem. In the present study, the environmental persistence of a transgenic maize-expressed antigen, Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin subunit B (LTB), was studied under laboratory conditions. To semiquantitatively monitor the persistence of LTB in soil, extraction with a high-salt, high-pH extraction buffer was optimized using the closely homologous Vibrio cholerae enterotoxin subunit B (CTB) as a test substance. The time to dissipation of 50% (DT50) of the extractable fraction of maize-expressed LTB was 4 to 15 d in pond water and 35 to 90 d in soils. Both extraction efficacy and persistence were strongly affected by the matrix type and incubation conditions. In contrast with maize-expressed LTB, the DT50 for bacterially produced LTB and CTB was less than 4 d both in pond water and soil. Although maize-expressed LTB was more stable than bacterially produced analogue, its dissipation was governed by an initial lag, which could be attributed to release from the plant material, followed by rapid decline.
|
['Enterotoxins', 'Escherichia coli', 'Hot Temperature', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Plants, Genetically Modified', 'Protein Subunits', 'Soil', 'Vaccines', 'Vibrio cholerae', 'Water', 'Zea mays']
| 18,198,938
|
[['D23.946.330'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['G02.300'], ['B01.650.520', 'B05.620.600'], ['D12.776.813'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['D20.215.894'], ['B03.440.450.900.859.225', 'B03.660.250.830.830.100'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
TSPAN15 interacts with BTRC to promote oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma metastasis via activating NF-êB signaling.
|
Beta-transducin repeat containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (BTRC) is crucial for the degradation of IêBá. Our previous transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed that tetraspanin 15 (TSPAN15) was significantly upregulated in clinical oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tissues. Here, we show that high TSPAN15 expression in OSCC tissues is significantly associated with lymph node and distant metastasis, advanced clinical stage, and poor prognosis. Elevated TSPAN15 expression is, in part, caused by the reduction of miR-339-5p. Functional studies demonstrate that TSPAN15 promotes metastatic capabilities of OSCC cells. We further show that TSPAN15 specifically interacts with BTRC to promote the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of p-IêBá, and thereby triggers NF-êB nuclear translocation and subsequent activation of transcription of several metastasis-related genes, including ICAM1, VCAM1, uPA, MMP9, TNFá, and CCL2. Collectively, our findings indicate that TSPAN15 may serve as a new biomarker and/or provide a novel therapeutic target to OSCC patients.
|
['Aged', 'Animals', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Chemokine CCL2', 'Esophageal Neoplasms', 'Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Male', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 9', 'Mice', 'Mice, Nude', 'MicroRNAs', 'Middle Aged', 'NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha', 'NF-kappa B', 'Neoplasm Grading', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Neoplasm Transplantation', 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'Signal Transduction', 'Tetraspanins', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha', 'Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator', 'Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1', 'beta-Transducin Repeat-Containing Proteins']
| 29,650,964
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.110.990.600', 'D12.776.467.374.200.110.990.600', 'D23.125.300.110.990.600', 'D23.469.200.110.990.600', 'D23.529.374.200.110.990.500'], ['C04.588.274.476.205', 'C04.588.443.353', 'C06.301.371.205', 'C06.405.117.430', 'C06.405.249.205'], ['C04.557.470.200.400.330', 'C04.557.470.700.400.565', 'C04.588.274.476.205.500', 'C04.588.443.353.500', 'C06.301.371.205.500', 'C06.405.117.430.500', 'C06.405.249.205.500'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.450', 'D12.776.543.550.200.450', 'D23.050.301.350.450'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.350', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.350', 'D12.644.276.848.350', 'D12.776.467.836.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.644.360.365.500', 'D12.776.260.420.500', 'D12.776.476.381.500', 'D12.776.930.326.500'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['E01.789.612'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E05.624'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.776.543.900'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.910', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.910', 'D12.776.124.125.662.884'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.920', 'D12.776.543.550.200.920', 'D23.050.301.350.920'], ['D12.776.157.169.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Polyphenolic profile characterization of Agrimonia eupatoria L. by HPLC with different detection devices.
|
Liquid chromatography coupled to diode array and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry detection was used to establish the polyphenolic profile of an ethyl acetate fraction from Agrimonia eupatoria L. aqueous-alcoholic extract. Additionally, an HPLC technique with post-column derivatization by p-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde was employed for the selective detection and quantification of flavan-3-ols. Important information was obtained by combining the data of these two HPLC techniques. Flavan-3-ols (catechin and procyanidins B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, C1, C2 and epicatechin-epicatechin-catechin), quercetin 3-O-glucoside, quercetin 3-O-galactoside, kaempferol 3-O-glucoside, kaempferol 3-O-(6''-O-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside, apigenin 6-C-glucoside and various phenolic acids were identified. Antioxidant activity of the Agrimonia eupatoria L. fraction containing these compounds was assessed through the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances methods. Significant activity was observed for this fraction, where compounds with recognized antiinflammatory properties such as procyanidins, kaempferol 3-O-(6''-O-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside and quercetin glycosides were identified for the first time. These results are predictive of the beneficial effects of this fraction, or some of its compounds, in human health, as possible anti-inflammatory drug.
|
['Agrimonia', 'Antioxidants', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Flavonoids', 'Phenols', 'Polyphenols', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet']
| 15,981,197
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.937.500.033'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.715', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.260.777'], ['E05.196.566.600'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibition with linagliptin prevents western diet-induced vascular abnormalities in female mice.
|
BACKGROUND: Vascular stiffening, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, is accelerated, particularly in women with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Preclinical evidence suggests that dipeptidylpeptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors may have cardiovascular benefits independent of glycemic lowering effects. Recent studies show that consumption of a western diet (WD) high in fat and simple sugars induces aortic stiffening in female C57BL/6J mice in advance of increasing blood pressure. The aims of this study were to determine whether administration of the DPP-4 inhibitor, linagliptin (LGT), prevents the development of aortic and endothelial stiffness induced by a WD in female mice.METHODS: C56Bl6/J female mice were fed a WD for 4 months. Aortic stiffness and ex vivo endothelial stiffness were evaluated by Doppler pulse wave velocity (PWV) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively. In addition, we examined aortic vasomotor responses and remodeling markers via immunohistochemistry. Results were analyzed via 2-way ANOVA, p < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.RESULTS: Compared to mice fed a control diet (CD), WD-fed mice exhibited a 24 % increase in aortic PWV, a five-fold increase in aortic endothelial stiffness, and impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation. In aorta, these findings were accompanied by medial wall thickening, adventitial fibrosis, increased fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23), decreased Klotho, enhanced oxidative stress, and endothelial cell ultrastructural changes, all of which were prevented with administration of LGT.CONCLUSIONS: The present findings support the notion that DPP-4 plays a role in development of WD-induced aortic stiffening, vascular oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and vascular remodeling. Whether, DPP-4 inhibition could be a therapeutic tool used to prevent the development of aortic stiffening and the associated cardiovascular complications in obese and diabetic females remains to be elucidated.
|
['Animals', 'Aorta', 'Diet, Western', 'Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors', 'Endothelial Cells', 'Female', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Linagliptin', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Obesity', 'Pulse Wave Analysis', 'Vascular Remodeling', 'Vascular Stiffness', 'Vasodilation']
| 27,391,040
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056'], ['G07.203.650.240.310'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.335', 'D27.505.696.422.500'], ['A11.436.275'], ['D27.505.696.422'], ['D03.633.100.759.562', 'D03.633.100.786.563'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['E01.370.370.680'], ['C23.300.977', 'C23.550.918', 'G09.330.930'], ['G09.330.940'], ['G09.330.380.928']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Parallel, interdependent channels for location and orientation in sensorimotor transformations for reaching and grasping.
|
1. Subjects were presented with a cylinder, whose orientation with respect to the vertical and location in space varied from trial to trial. They grasped a similar cylinder in their hands and were instructed to align the grasped cylinder with the target cylinder. In some experiments the task was performed from memory, and subjects attempted to reproduce both location and orientation of the cylinder. In others, they attempted to reproduce only its orientation, either from memory or while the cylinder was in view. 2. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to determine persistent and variable errors in performance. This analysis related the subjects' performance (reproduced orientation) to target parameters (location and orientation). 3. We have interpreted the experimental results starting from the assumption that there are two parallel neural processes underlying reaching and grasping: one relating proximal arm motion to target location and the other relating distal hand motion to target orientation. 4. Variable errors did not vary with task conditions, even when subjects were asked to dissociate target orientation from target location by matching target orientation with the arm at the side, irrespective of the location of the target. This finding suggests that the neural transformations involving target location and target orientation are performed in parallel. 5. Persistent errors did vary with task condition. The subjects made the largest errors in matching target orientation when the target was in view, but they were asked to match its orientation at a location that differed from that of the target. These errors depended mostly on the elevation of the target and on its slant (inclination relative to the vertical). They were related to the posture of the arm in a manner that suggested that matching orientation is influenced by both extrinsic (spatial) and intrinsic (arm posture) parameters. 6. The fact that persistent errors depend on target location and on arm posture as well as on target orientation implies that the neural transformation from target orientation to hand orientation is not independent of the transformation dealing with target location.
|
['Attention', 'Humans', 'Kinesthesis', 'Mental Recall', 'Orientation', 'Posture', 'Proprioception', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Psychophysics']
| 8,229,163
|
[['F02.830.104.214'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.830.816.541.504', 'G11.561.790.541.587'], ['F02.463.425.540.641'], ['F01.058.577', 'F02.830.606'], ['G11.427.695'], ['F02.830.816.541', 'G07.888.750', 'G11.561.790.541'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['E01.370.685', 'F04.096.753']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Biosynthetic alr alanine racemase from Salmonella typhimurium: DNA and protein sequence determination.
|
The nucleotide sequence of the alr gene encoding the biosynthetic alanine racemase in Salmonella typhimurium is reported. The sequence was determined by the dideoxy chain termination method of Sanger mostly from recombinants derived from shotgun and specific subcloning of a 2.6-kilobase region containing the alr gene. The final bridging of nonoverlapping contiguous sequences was accomplished with the use of synthetic site-specific primers. The alr gene was found to be 1077 base pairs in length encoding a protein of 359 amino acid residues. Comparison of alr with the dadB gene encoding the catabolic alanine racemase in S. typhimurium revealed almost identical size (1077 vs. 1068 base pairs) and 52% sequence identity. The respective gene products displayed 43% homology, which includes a decapeptide bearing the pyridoxal 5'-phosphate binding site.
|
['Alanine Racemase', 'Amino Acid Isomerases', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Codon', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Genes', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Plasmids', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'Salmonella typhimurium']
| 3,524,676
|
[['D08.811.399.894.200.200'], ['D08.811.399.894.200'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.735.544.355', 'G05.360.335.355', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.190'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['G05.360.340.024.340'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['G05.360.600'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['B03.440.450.425.800.200.825', 'B03.660.250.150.710.160.760']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Novel histone deacetylase inhibitors derived from Magnolia officinalis significantly enhance TRAIL-induced apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer.
|
Histone modifications play critical roles in the progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for almost 85% of all diagnosed lung cancers. Magnolol and polyphenol mixture (PM) derived from Magnolia officinalis exhibited remarkable antitumor activities in lung cancer. However, the epigenetic effects and molecular mechanisms of magnolol and PM in NSCLC have yet to be reported. In this study, the epigenetic effects of magnolol and PM in NSCLC were examined in vitro and in vivo. Results revealed that magnolol and PM significantly suppressed the expression levels and function of class I histone deacetylases (HDACs). In A549 and H1299 cells, magnolol and PM remarkably induced cell apoptosis by arresting the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase while simultaneously activating various pro-apoptotic signals, including TRAIL-R2 (DR5), Bax, caspase 3, cleaved caspase 3, and cleaved PARP. However, these apoptosis-promoting effects could be attenuated by TSA, which is a specific class I HDACs inhibitor. ChIP assays also demonstrated that magnolol and PM significantly enriched the histone acetyl mark (H3K27ac) in the promoter region of DR5. In A549 xenograft model, magnolol and PM notably reduced tumor growth by 44.40% and 35.40%, respectively. Therefore, magnolol and PM, as potential inhibitors of class I HDACs, induced tumor cell apoptosis and suppressed tumor growth partially by epigenetically activating DR5, which is a key protein in death receptor signaling pathway.
|
['A549 Cells', 'Acetylation', 'Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Apoptosis', 'Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins', 'Biphenyl Compounds', 'Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Cell Cycle Checkpoints', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Epigenesis, Genetic', 'Female', 'Histone Deacetylase 1', 'Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors', 'Histones', 'Humans', 'Lignans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Magnolia', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Nude', 'Phytotherapy', 'Plant Extracts', 'Plants, Medicinal', 'Polyphenols', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand', 'Signal Transduction', 'TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand', 'Time Factors', 'Tumor Burden', 'Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays']
| 27,268,146
|
[['A11.251.210.190.080', 'A11.251.860.180.080', 'A11.436.054'], ['G02.111.012.052', 'G02.607.063.052', 'G03.040.052'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248.179'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D12.644.360.075', 'D12.776.476.075'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.185'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['G04.144.109'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G05.308.203'], ['D08.811.277.087.520.500.100', 'D08.811.277.087.520.750.100', 'D08.811.600.620.100', 'D08.811.600.795.100'], ['D27.505.519.389.360'], ['D12.776.157.687.485', 'D12.776.660.720.485', 'D12.776.664.469'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.140.450'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.685.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['E02.190.755'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['B01.650.560'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.715', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.260.777'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D12.776.543.750.690.600', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.396'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.644.276.374.750.625', 'D12.776.467.374.750.625', 'D23.529.374.750.625'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E05.041.124.892'], ['E05.337.550.200.900', 'E05.624.850']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
War and medicine in the desert. A report of the 13th Evacuation Hospital in Saudi Arabia.
|
On Nov 21, 1990, the 13th Evacuation Hospital from Madison was called to active duty to support the US Army's VII Corps, which had been sent to the Persian Gulf from Germany. Physicians, nurses, and other medical personnel from reserve components and the active army were attached to our unit to complement our personnel requirements. This report will provide an overview of our activities and experiences, and add some insight to the medical phase of the Persian Gulf conflict. The compilation of our clinical data was hampered by the frequent transfers of the patients and their medical records, as well as our lack of copying facilities. Inter-hospital communication and follow-up information were also deficient due to the constraints of preparation for the war. The assimilation of fragmentary reports, such as this one, into a comprehensive review of the lessons learned is currently taking place and should soon be available to the public.
|
['Desert Climate', 'Hospitals, Military', 'Humans', 'Military Medicine', 'Saudi Arabia', 'Warfare']
| 1,949,870
|
[['G16.500.275.071.325', 'N06.230.300.100.250.325'], ['N02.278.421.510.180.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.403.500'], ['Z01.252.245.500.750'], ['I01.880.735.950.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[Diving accidents. Emergency treatment of serious diving accidents].
|
Decompression injuries are potentially life-threatening incidents mainly due to a rapid decline in ambient pressure. Decompression illness (DCI) results from the presence of gas bubbles in the blood and tissue. DCI may be classified as decompression sickness (DCS) generated from the liberation of gas bubbles following an oversaturation of tissues with inert gas and arterial gas embolism (AGE) mainly due to pulmonary barotrauma. People working under hyperbaric pressure, e.g. in a caisson for general construction under water, and scuba divers are exposed to certain risks. Diving accidents can be fatal and are often characterized by organ dysfunction, especially neurological deficits. They have become comparatively rare among professional divers and workers. However, since recreational scuba diving is gaining more and more popularity there is an increasing likelihood of severe diving accidents. Thus, emergency staff working close to areas with a high scuba diving activity, e.g. lakes or rivers, may be called more frequently to a scuba diving accident. The correct and professional emergency treatment on site, especially the immediate and continuous administration of normobaric oxygen, is decisive for the outcome of the accident victim. The definitive treatment includes rapid recompression with hyperbaric oxygen. The value of adjunctive medication, however, remains controversial.
|
['Barotrauma', 'Decompression Sickness', 'Diving', 'Embolism, Air', 'Emergency Medical Services', 'Humans']
| 15,565,421
|
[['C26.120'], ['C26.120.248'], ['I03.450.642.845.945.500.110', 'N06.230.150.150'], ['C14.907.355.350.254'], ['N02.421.297'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Characteristics of peroxyacetyl nitrate pollution during a 2015 winter haze episode in Beijing.
|
Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) are effective indicators of photochemical pollution, and also play an important role in regional oxidant balance. Surprisingly, in recent years, PAN have also been detected under conditions that do not favor the photochemical processes. To obtain a better understanding of the mechanisms of formation of atmospheric compound pollution, this study examined the relationships between concentrations of PAN and other pollutants (e.g., ozone [O3] and PM2.5) during a winter haze episode. The observation periods were from December 31, 2015, to February 2, 2016, and from February 19, 2016, to March 4, 2016. The maximum daily concentration of PAN during haze episodes was 4-10 times higher than that during non-haze episodes. The continuous cumulative increase in PAN concentrations was the result of a combination of photochemical production during the daytime and production based on free radical chemical reactions during the nighttime. During the haze episode, the correlation between concentrations of PAN and O3 was weak, while a significant correlation was observed between PAN and PM2.5 concentrations (R2 = 0.82). This may have been due to higher concentrations of particulate matter impairing illumination, which can then inhibit the photochemical reactions that produce PAN and O3. OH radicals can replace the role of light in PAN formation, which can cause concentrations of PAN and O3 to vary independently. During the haze episode, the ratio of PAN/O3 was around 0.3, which was much higher than that during the clean period.
|
['Air Pollutants', 'Beijing', 'China', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Environmental Pollution', 'Hydroxyl Radical', 'Ozone', 'Particulate Matter', 'Peracetic Acid', 'Seasons']
| 30,352,352
|
[['D27.888.284.101'], ['Z01.252.474.164.225', 'Z01.433.114'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['N06.850.460'], ['D01.045.250.357', 'D01.248.497.158.459.300', 'D01.339.431.249'], ['D01.362.670.600'], ['D20.633'], ['D02.241.081.018.664'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Biological activities of 7-dehydrocholesterol-derived oxysterols: implications for Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome.
|
Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) is a metabolic and developmental disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding the enzyme 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (Dhcr7). This reductase catalyzes the last step in cholesterol biosynthesis, and levels of 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC), the substrate for this enzyme, are elevated in SLOS patients as a result of this defect. Our group has previously shown that 7-DHC is extremely prone to free radical autoxidation, and we identified about a dozen different oxysterols formed from oxidation of 7-DHC. We report here that 7-DHC-derived oxysterols reduce cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner, some of the compounds showing activity at sub-micromolar concentrations. The reduction of cell survival is caused by a combination of reduced proliferation and induced differentiation of the Neuro2a cells. The complex 7-DHC oxysterol mixture added to control Neuro2a cells also triggers the gene expression changes that were previously identified in Dhcr7-deficient Neuro2a cells. Based on the identification of overlapping gene expression changes in Dhcr7-deficient and 7-DHC oxysterol-treated Neuro2a cells, we hypothesize that some of the pathophysiological findings in the mouse SLOS model and SLOS patients might be due to accumulated 7-DHC oxysterols.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Survival', 'Dehydrocholesterols', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Mice', 'Neurons', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors', 'Peroxides', 'Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome', 'Time Factors']
| 20,702,862
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G04.346'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.222.347.200', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197.250', 'D10.570.938.208.320'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E05.393.332'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D08.811.682.660'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750', 'D01.339.431.374', 'D01.650.550.750', 'D02.389.338'], ['C16.131.077.860', 'C16.320.565.398.850', 'C16.320.565.925.875', 'C18.452.584.500.937', 'C18.452.648.398.850', 'C18.452.648.925.875'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Synchronous anal canal carcinoma in a heterosexual couple.
|
BACKGROUND: Sexually transmitted Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection is a known risk factor for cancer of the anal canal in both men and women.CASE PRESENTATION: We describe a report of synchronous carcinoma of the anal canal in a heterosexual couple. High risk type 16 HPV DNA was detected in both tumors.CONCLUSION: Longstanding sexual partners may share risk of HPV-associated anal canal cancer.
|
['Anus Neoplasms', 'Biopsy', 'Female', 'Heterosexuality', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms, Multiple Primary', 'Papillomaviridae', 'Papillomavirus Infections', 'Sexual Partners', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 30,200,930
|
[['C04.588.274.476.411.307.790.040', 'C06.301.371.411.307.790.040', 'C06.405.249.411.307.790.040', 'C06.405.469.491.307.790.040', 'C06.405.469.860.101.163', 'C06.405.469.860.180.500.040'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['F01.145.802.975.400', 'G08.686.867.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.651'], ['B04.280.210.655', 'B04.613.204.655'], ['C01.925.256.650', 'C01.925.928.725'], ['M01.778'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Human neutrophils secrete bioactive paucimannosidic proteins from azurophilic granules into pathogen-infected sputum.
|
Unlike plants and invertebrates, mammals reportedly lack proteins displaying asparagine (N)-linked paucimannosylation (mannose(1-3)fucose(0-1)N-acetylglucosamine(2)Asn). Enabled by technology advancements in system-wide biomolecular characterization, we document that protein paucimannosylation is a significant host-derived molecular signature of neutrophil-rich sputum from pathogen-infected human lungs and is negligible in pathogen-free sputum. Five types of paucimannosidic N-glycans were carried by compartment-specific and inflammation-associated proteins of the azurophilic granules of human neutrophils including myeloperoxidase (MPO), azurocidin, and neutrophil elastase. The timely expressed human azurophilic granule-resident â-hexosaminidase A displayed the capacity to generate paucimannosidic N-glycans by trimming hybrid/complex type N-glycan intermediates with relative broad substrate specificity. Paucimannosidic N-glycoepitopes showed significant co-localization with â-hexosaminidase A and the azurophilic marker MPO in human neutrophils using immunocytochemistry. Furthermore, promyelocyte stage-specific expression of genes coding for paucimannosidic proteins and biosynthetic enzymes indicated a novel spatio-temporal biosynthetic route in early neutrophil maturation. The absence of bacterial exoglycosidase activities and paucimannosidic N-glycans excluded exogenous origins of paucimannosylation. Paucimannosidic proteins from isolated and sputum neutrophils were preferentially secreted upon inoculation with virulent Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Finally, paucimannosidic proteins displayed affinities to mannose-binding lectin, suggesting immune-related functions of paucimannosylation in activated human neutrophils. In conclusion, we are the first to document that human neutrophils produce, store and, upon activation, selectively secrete bioactive paucimannosidic proteins into sputum of lungs undergoing pathogen-based inflammation.
|
['Azure Stains', 'Blotting, Western', 'Chromatography, Liquid', 'Glycosylation', 'HL-60 Cells', 'Humans', 'Mannosides', 'Neutrophils', 'Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'Sputum', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry']
| 25,645,918
|
[['D02.886.369.080', 'D03.633.300.783.080'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['E05.196.181.400'], ['G02.111.158.812', 'G02.607.299', 'G03.191.812'], ['A11.251.210.190.465', 'A11.251.860.180.465', 'A11.627.340.360.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D09.408.490'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.100', 'B03.660.250.580.590.050'], ['A12.200.808'], ['E05.196.566.880']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Tiny Microbes, Big Yields: enhancing food crop production with biological solutions.
|
Plant-associated microbiomes have tremendous potential to improve plant resilience and yields in farming systems. There is increasing evidence that biological technologies that use microbes or their metabolites can enhance nutrient uptake and yield, control pests and mitigate plant stress responses. However, to fully realize the potential of microbial technology, their efficacy and consistency under the broad range of real-world conditions need to be improved. While the optimization of microbial biofertilizers and biopesticides is advancing rapidly to enable use in various soils, crop varieties and environments, crop breeding programmes have yet to incorporate the selection of beneficial plant-microbe interactions to breed 'microbe-optimized plants'. Emerging efforts exploring microbiome engineering could lead to microbial consortia that are better suited to support plants. The combination of all three approaches could be integrated to achieve maximum benefits and significantly improved crop yields to address food security.
|
['Bacteria', 'Crop Production', 'Crops, Agricultural', 'Microbiota', 'Soil Microbiology']
| 28,840,959
|
[['B03'], ['J01.040.227'], ['B01.650.160', 'G07.203.300.300', 'J02.500.300'], ['G06.591', 'G16.500.275.157.049.100.500', 'N06.230.124.049.100.500'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.555', 'N06.850.425.300']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
In-vitro activity of ofloxacin, levofloxacin and D-ofloxacin against staphylococci.
|
The in-vitro activity of levofloxacin was compared with ofloxacin and D-ofloxacin against 130 isolates of Staphylococcus aureaus and 117 isolates of coagulase-negative staphylococci, using the agar dilution method. In general, levofloxacin was equally active or up to fourfold more active than ofloxacin against all staphylococci, including 61 methicillin-resistant S. aureus. In contrast, D-ofloxacin showed little activity against all isolates tested.
|
['Anti-Infective Agents', 'Drug Resistance, Microbial', 'Levofloxacin', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Ofloxacin', 'Staphylococcus', 'Staphylococcus aureus', 'Stereoisomerism']
| 8,877,540
|
[['D27.505.954.122'], ['G06.225', 'G07.690.773.984.269'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322.500.500'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322.500'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750', 'B03.353.500.750.750', 'B03.510.100.750.750', 'B03.510.400.790.750'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100'], ['G02.607.445.682']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Targeting cholesterol with â-cyclodextrin sensitizes cancer cells for apoptosis.
|
We found that targeting cholesterol with beta-cyclodextrin (bCD) and its derivatives disrupted signal transduction between PI3K and AKT, attenuating AKT pro-survival signals. In their absence, 2-deoxyglucose (2DG) caused anti-apoptotic protein Mcll to dissociate from pro-apoptotic Bak at mitochondria. Normally Bak is sequestered by its inhibitory associations with Mcll and Bcl-xL, and only when Bak is released from both, is it free to form oligomers through which cytochrome c can escape into the cytosol. Thus an addition of a bcl-2 antagonist dissociates Bak from Bcl-xL, triggering cytochrome c release and inducing apoptosis. 2DG-bCD can also sensitize type II cancer cells for TRAIL-mediated apoptosis.
|
['2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin', 'Aniline Compounds', 'Animals', 'Anticholesteremic Agents', 'Antimetabolites', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Apoptosis', 'Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Crosses, Genetic', 'Deoxyglucose', 'Drug Synergism', 'Humans', 'Mice, Inbred NOD', 'Mice, SCID', 'Neoplasms', 'Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms', 'Sulfonamides', 'Tumor Burden', 'Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays', 'beta-Cyclodextrins']
| 26,606,906
|
[['D04.345.103.333.500', 'D09.301.915.400.375.333.500', 'D09.698.365.855.400.375.333.500'], ['D02.092.146'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.186.071.202', 'D27.505.954.557.500.202'], ['D27.505.519.186', 'D27.888.569.042'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D12.644.360.075', 'D12.776.476.075'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['E05.393.281'], ['D09.254.229'], ['G07.690.773.968.477'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.565', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.565'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.780'], ['C04'], ['G06.320.676'], ['D02.065.884', 'D02.886.590.700'], ['E05.041.124.892'], ['E05.337.550.200.900', 'E05.624.850'], ['D04.345.103.333', 'D09.301.915.400.375.333', 'D09.698.365.855.400.375.333']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Depolarization of the neuronal membrane caused by cotransport of taurine and sodium.
|
C 1300 neuroblastoma cells were cultured and used to study the effect of sodium dependent taurine transport on the membrane potential. Measuring net accumulation of taurine and the depolarization caused by externally applied taurine, we found both processes become active at an external concentration of taurine of 1 mM or more. Net accumulation had Km of 13 mM and a Vmax of 126 nmol x mg of protein-1 x min-1. The taurine induced depolarization of the neuroblastoma cell was parallelled by a 25 per cent decrease in its membrane impedance. The transport of taurine, the depolarization caused by taurine and the effect of taurine on the membrane impedance, all, had a similar dependence on the external sodium concentration. Our results on the depolarizing cotransport between taurine and sodium at the neuronal membrane, may illustrate an additional mechanism for the control of the electrical activity of neuronal cells.
|
['Cell Line', 'Humans', 'Neuroblastoma', 'Neurons', 'Sodium', 'Taurine']
| 2,325,829
|
[['A11.251.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.590.650.550', 'C04.557.470.670.590.650.550', 'C04.557.580.625.600.590.650.550'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['D02.455.326.146.100.850', 'D02.886.645.600.055.850']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Development and Validation of the MiPrep Survey: An Instrument Assessing Patients' Perceived Preparation for Medical Interventions Including Medical Imaging, Radiotherapy, and Surgery.
|
BACKGROUND: Adequately preparing patients for medical interventions is an important component of quality healthcare. Nevertheless, few instruments for assessing patients' preparation exist.OBJECTIVES: To develop a psychometrically rigorous instrument to assess patients' perceptions of the quality of preparation.METHODS: An instrument to measure patients' preparation for medical interventions (MiPrep) was developed and tested with patients undergoing medical imaging, radiotherapy, or surgery. Patients were recruited and asked to complete 2 surveys. Survey A assessed patient and intervention characteristics. Survey B (postintervention) contained MiPrep to assess validity (face, content, and construct) and reliability (internal consistency and test-retest).RESULTS: A total of 869 (85%) patients consented to participate and 551 (63%) returned the postintervention survey. Face and content validity were demonstrated. Exploratory factor analysis identified 2 survey modules: receipt and adequacy of information (2 domains) and overall appraisal of patient-centered care (1 domain). Reliability was evidenced by adequate internal consistency (Cronbach á 0.81-0.89) and item-total correlations higher than 0.20. Nevertheless, individual item test-retest reliability requires further confirmation. The final instrument contained 27 items.CONCLUSIONS: The MiPrep instrument has evidence of being a valid and reliable instrument of preparation for medical interventions. Healthcare providers can use the instrument as a quality assurance tool to identify areas for improvement and areas of excellence in patients' preparation. Future studies should verify these findings in other populations and examine the divergent and predictive validity of the instrument.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Diagnostic Imaging', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patients', 'Perception', 'Psychometrics', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Self Efficacy', 'Surgical Procedures, Operative', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 31,198,188
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['M01.643'], ['F02.463.593'], ['F04.711.780'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['F01.752.747.792.700'], ['E04'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Comparison of contrast-enhanced SPACE and CISS in evaluating cavernous sinus invasion by pituitary macroadenomas on 3-T magnetic resonance.
|
PURPOSE: SPACE (sampling perfection with application-optimized contrasts by using different flip angle evolutions) and CISS (constructive interference in steady state) are 3-dimensional sequences that can increase the signal intensity of cavernous sinus. The purpose of this study was to determine whether contrast-enhanced (CE) SPACE and CE CISS can well demonstrate cavernous sinus invasion (CSI) by pituitary macroadenoma and which one performed better.METHODS: In 56 cavernous sinuses from 28 patients with pituitary macroadenoma, CSI grades and image quality were assessed by using CE SPACE and CISS. The assessment results were compared with Knops' classification on T1-weighted images. The interreader agreement of assessment results were analyzed with k statistics. Qualitative analyses were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test.RESULTS: Two radiologists were in substantial agreement of CSI evaluation on both CE SPACE (k = 0.87) and CE CISS (k = 0.83). The evaluation results on CE SPACE (k = 0.76) were more coincident with Knops' classification than CE CISS (k = 0.71). Identification of CSI worked well with either CE SPACE or CE CISS, but CE SPACE performed better (mean, 3.48 ± 0.61 vs 3.28 ± 0.80; P < 0.05). Contrast-enhanced SPACE had significantly higher image scores than CE CISS in description of the relationship between pituitary adenoma and internal carotid artery (mean, 3.26 ± 0.93 vs 2.96 ± 1.01; P < 0.05). Contrast-enhanced CISS demonstrated more susceptibility artifacts (10.7% vs 0%; P < 0.05) and vessel flow artifacts (53.6% vs 0%; P < 0.05). There was no significant difference regarding contrast enhancement of pituitary adenoma and cavernous sinus (mean, 3.07 ± 1.12 vs 3.04 ± 0.96; P > 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Contrast-enhanced SPACE is superior than CE CISS for identification of CSI by pituitary macroadenoma.
|
['Adenoma', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Cavernous Sinus', 'Contrast Media', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Image Enhancement', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Pituitary Neoplasms', 'Prospective Studies', 'Young Adult']
| 25,526,399
|
[['C04.557.470.035'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A07.015.908.224.334'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['C04.588.322.609', 'C04.588.614.250.195.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.211.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.617.477.600', 'C10.228.140.617.738.675', 'C10.551.240.250.700.500.500', 'C19.344.609', 'C19.700.734'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Phototoxic keratoconjunctivitis from coal-tar pitch volatiles.
|
Roofers working with coal-tar pitch develop burning eyes and conjunctivitis which they subjectively associate with sun exposure. A coal-tar pitch distillate instilled in the conjunctivae of rabbits produced minimal or mild irritation in the absence of ultraviolet radiation, but irradiation with long-ultraviolet produced marked photophobia and severe keratoconjunctivitis.
|
['Animals', 'Coal Tar', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Humans', 'Keratoconjunctivitis', 'Occupational Diseases', 'Photosensitivity Disorders', 'Rabbits', 'Seasons', 'Sunlight', 'Ultraviolet Rays', 'Weather']
| 918,667
|
[['B01.050'], ['D20.749.354'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C11.187.183.394', 'C11.204.564.585'], ['C24'], ['C17.800.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.836', 'G01.750.250.650.836', 'G01.750.770.578.836', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525', 'G16.500.750.775.525', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600'], ['G16.500.275.063.725', 'G16.500.750.775', 'N06.230.300.100.725']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Characteristics of prolinase against various iminodipeptides in erythrocyte lysates from a normal human and a patient with prolidase deficiency.
|
The effect of various amino acids and MnCl2 on prolinase activity in erythrocyte lysates from a healthy individual and a patient with prolidase deficiency was investigated. A concentration of 0.1 mM MnCl2 increased prolinase activity in normal erythrocytes against pro-gly, pro-glu, pro-leu, pro-ser and pro-phe, but inhibited that against pro-ala, pro-val, pro-met and pro-asp. However, prolinase activity against these iminodipeptides was enhanced by pre-incubation with glycine, independent of MnCl2. The same studies on erythrocytes from a prolidase-deficient patient showed almost the same results as the normal control, except that prolinase activity against pro-gly and pro-ser was slightly inhibited by adding 0.1 mM MnCl2. Some amino acids, glutamic acid and glutamine, slightly enhanced prolinase activity against pro-gly in erythrocytes from both the normal control and the prolidase-deficient patient, but N-acetyl-L-glutamic acid, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and beta-alanine showed no effect. Branched amino acids, L-valine, L-leucine and L-isoleucine strongly inhibited the prolinase activity against pro-gly. However, conversely, their isomers, D-valine, D-leucine and D-isoleucine, enhanced it. The kinetics of prolinase activity in the erythrocytes from both the normal individual and the prolidasedeficient patient were also studied. Their Km values were changed by adding glycine or 0.1 mM MnCl2, but Vmax values were almost the same.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Chlorides', 'Dipeptidases', 'Dipeptides', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Erythrocytes', 'Humans', 'Imines', 'Isomerism', 'Kinetics', 'Manganese Compounds']
| 15,552,267
|
[['D12.125'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['D01.210.450.150', 'D01.248.497.158.215'], ['D08.811.277.656.350.297'], ['D12.644.456.345'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.491'], ['G02.111.570.685', 'G02.607.445'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D01.530']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The superficial buffer barrier in vascular smooth muscle.
|
Force development and fura-2 fluorescence were simultaneously measured in the rabbit inferior vena cava. Discharging SR Ca2+ with either caffeine or norepinephrine prior to stimulation of Ca2+ influx induced a delay of 30-70 s between the intracellular Ca2+ signal and development of force. This delay was abolished by the application of caffeine. These data support the superficial buffer barrier hypothesis, which holds that Ca2+ entry from the extracellular space proceeds via a restricted cytoplasmic region between the inner plasmalemmal surface and the peripheral sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Ca2+ accumulation by this SR fraction appears to be able to delay Ca2+ entry into the deeper myoplasm where it activates the myofilaments. Caffeine and thapsigargin elevated the steady-state [Ca2+]i, suggesting a contribution by the SR Ca2+ pump to Ca2+ extrusion from the cells. Norepinephrine enhanced myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity, while caffeine decreased it.
|
['Animals', 'Caffeine', 'Calcium', 'Calcium Radioisotopes', 'Calcium-Transporting ATPases', 'Fura-2', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular', 'Rabbits', 'Sarcoplasmic Reticulum', 'Terpenes', 'Thapsigargin', 'Vena Cava, Inferior']
| 1,386,774
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.132.960.175', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.175'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D01.268.552.100.500.325', 'D01.496.098.325', 'D01.496.749.113', 'D01.552.539.288.500.325'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.314.250', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.500', 'D12.776.157.530.813.250', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.500', 'D12.776.543.585.813.250'], ['D03.383.129.462.285', 'D03.633.100.127.250'], ['E05.481'], ['G11.427.494'], ['A02.633.570.491', 'A07.015.733.500', 'A10.690.467.491'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['A10.690.552.500.500.850', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.248.310.800'], ['D02.455.849'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.284.500.888', 'D02.455.849.765.674.500.750.888', 'D04.663.500.750.888'], ['A07.015.908.949.648']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A case-control study of occupational risk factors for bladder cancer in Canada.
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate occupational risk factors for bladder cancer in seven Canadian provinces.METHODS: We analysed a population-based case-control dataset of 887 individuals with incident, histologically confirmed bladder cancer between 1994 and 1997. Controls (2847) frequency matched for age and gender were surveyed in 1996. Questionnaires were returned by about 60% of subjects. Odds ratios (ORs) for occupations and self-reported exposures were adjusted for province, age, race, smoking, and several dietary factors, using unconditional logistic regression.RESULTS: Statistically significant increased risks were observed among men employed as hairdressers (OR = 3.42; 1.09-10.8), primary metal workers (OR = 2.40; 1.29-4.50), miners (OR = 1.94; 1.18-3.17), and automechanics (OR = 1.69; 1.02-2.82). Primary metal workers and automechanics showed evidence of an employment duration-response trend. Modest elevated risks that were not significant were also observed for male government inspectors, printers, firefighters, general labourers, and welders. A duration-response trend was evident for government inspectors and general labourers. For females, significant elevations were observed among lumber processors (OR = 8.78; 1.28-60.1), general labourers (OR = 2.18; 1.05-4.52), nurses (OR = 1.54; 1.03-2.31), and general clerks (OR = 1.48; 1.01-2.17). The latter showed a positive duration-response trend.CONCLUSIONS: This study found a statistically significant excess risk of bladder cancer, with a duration-response trend, among male primary metal workers and automechanics, and female office workers engaged in general clerical duties.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Canada', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Industry', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Occupational Diseases', 'Occupational Exposure', 'Odds Ratio', 'Risk Factors', 'Sex Factors', 'Urinary Bladder Neoplasms']
| 15,801,485
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['Z01.107.567.176'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J01.576'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C24'], ['N06.850.460.350.600'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['C04.588.945.947.960', 'C12.758.820.968', 'C12.777.829.813', 'C13.351.937.820.945', 'C13.351.968.829.707']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Do shallow soil, low water availability, or their combination increase the competition between grasses with different root systems in karst soil?
|
Uneven soil depth and low water availability are the key limiting factors to vegetation restoration and reconstruction in limestone soils such as in vulnerable karst regions. Belowground competition will possibly increase under limited soil resources. Here, we investigate whether low resource availability (including shallow soil, low water availability, and shallow soil and low water availability combined) stimulates the competition between grasses with different root systems in karst soil, by assessing their growth response, biomass allocation, and morphological plasticity. In a full three-way factorial blocked design of soil depth by water availability by neighbor identity, we grew Festuca arundinacea (deep-rooted) and Lolium perenne (shallow-rooted) under normal versus shallow soil depth, high versus low water availability, and in monoculture (conspecific neighbor) versus mixture (neighbor of the other species). The key results were as follows: (1) total biomass and aboveground biomass in either of the species decreased with reduction of resources but were not affected by planting patterns (monoculture or mixture) even at low resource levels. (2) For F. arundinacea, root biomass, root mass fraction, total root length, and root volume were higher in mixture than in monoculture at high resource level (consistent with resource use complementarity), but lower in mixture than in monoculture at low resource levels (consistent with interspecific competition). In contrast for L. perenne, either at high or low resource level, these root traits had mostly similar values at both planting patterns. These results suggest that deep-rooted and shallow-rooted plant species can coexist in karst regions under current climatic regimes. Declining resources, due to shallow soil, a decrease in precipitation, or combined shallow soil and karst drought, increased the root competition between plants of deep-rooted and shallow-rooted species. The root systems of deep-rooted plants may be too small to get sufficient water and nutrients from dry, shallow soil, while shallow-rooted plants will maintain a dominant position with their already adaptive strategy in respect of root biomass allocation and root growth.
|
['Biomass', 'Plant Roots', 'Poaceae', 'Soil', 'Water']
| 28,283,974
|
[['G16.500.275.157.100', 'N06.230.124.100'], ['A18.400'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Prospects for axonal regrowth in spinal cord injury.
|
Some of the evidence relating to the possible cellular relationships in regenerating mammalian central nervous tissue is reviewed. From this review it is suggested that data do exist which reveal a potential for regeneration based upon the basic properties and behavior of axons and glial cells. Models of tissue injury which optimize these intrinsic capabilities may generate significant information about the regenerative possibilities of central nervous tissue.
|
['Animals', 'Axons', 'Humans', 'Nerve Regeneration', 'Spinal Cord Injuries']
| 2,713,719
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.675.542.145', 'A11.284.180.075', 'A11.671.137', 'A11.671.501.145'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G11.561.585', 'G16.762.611'], ['C10.228.854.763', 'C10.900.850', 'C26.819']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Quantifying the Oligomeric States of Membrane Proteins in Cells through Super-Resolution Localizations.
|
Transitions between different oligomeric states of membrane proteins are essential for proper cellular functions. However, the quantification of their oligomeric states in cells is technically challenging. Here we developed a new method to quantify oligomeric state(s) of highly expressed membrane proteins using the probability density function of molecule density ( PDFMD) calculated from super-resolution localizations. We provided the theoretical model of PDFMD, discussed the effects of protein concentration, cell geometry, and photophysics of fluorescent proteins on PDFMD, and provided experimental criteria for proper quantification of oligomeric states. This method was further validated using simulated single-molecule fluorescent movies and applied to two membrane proteins, UhpT and SbmA in E. coli. The study shows that PDFMD is useful in quantifying oligomeric states of membrane proteins in cells that can help in understanding cellular tasks. Potential applications to proteins with higher oligomeric states under high concentration and limitations of our methodology were also discussed.
|
['Escherichia coli', 'Escherichia coli Proteins', 'Membrane Transport Proteins', 'Microscopy', 'Models, Chemical', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Monosaccharide Transport Proteins', 'Protein Multimerization']
| 30,384,609
|
[['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D12.776.097.275'], ['D12.776.157.530', 'D12.776.543.585'], ['E01.370.350.515', 'E05.595', 'H01.671.617.562'], ['E05.599.495'], ['E05.599'], ['D12.776.157.530.500', 'D12.776.543.585.500'], ['G02.111.694']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
How the presence of rhinoconjunctivitis and the severity of asthma modify the relationship between obesity and asthma in children 6-7 years old.
|
BACKGROUND: The association between asthma and obesity in children, and the effect modification of allergy on this association have not been fully established. Aims The objective of the study was to know the effect modification of the severity of asthma and of the coexistence of rhinoconjunctivitis (RC) in the relationship between obesity and asthma.METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 17 145 schoolchildren 6-7 years old from eight Spanish cities who had completed information on height and weight of the ISAAC phase III questionnaire, which also included questions about asthma and RC symptoms and on various risk factors. Body mass index (BMI) was used to define obesity according to international standards. Two different logistic regressions, using current occasional asthma (COA) and current severe asthma (CSA) as dependent variables, were made stratifying for gender and for the coexistence of RC and controlling for age, older and younger siblings, exercise, mother's education, truck traffic, cat/dog during the first year of life and smoking father or mother.RESULTS: Obesity was a risk factor of CSA without RC, both for boys (1.92, CI 95% 1.13-3.25) and for girls (2.99, CI 95% 1.68-5.32). Every BMI unit increment increased by 6.7% the risk of CSA without RC in boys and by 12.4% in girls. Obesity was not a risk factor for CSA with RC. The association between COA and obesity was weaker and the coexistence of RC did not modify it greatly.CONCLUSIONS: Obese schoolchildren are more at risk of suffering from non-allergic asthma than the non-obese subjects.
|
['Asthma', 'Body Mass Index', 'Child', 'Conjunctivitis, Allergic', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Obesity', 'Risk Factors', 'Sex Factors', 'Spain', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 18,462,453
|
[['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C11.187.183.200', 'C20.543.480.200'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['Z01.542.846'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Impact of Oxygenation Status on 18F-FDG Uptake in Solid Tumors.
|
The influence of changes in tumor oxygenation (monitored by EPR oximetry) on the uptake of 18F-FDG tracer was evaluated using micro-PET in two different human tumor models. The 18F-FDG uptake was higher in hypoxic tumors compared to tumors that present a pO2 value larger than 10 mmHg.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Fluorodeoxyglucose F18', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Neoplasms', 'Oxygen', 'Positron-Emission Tomography']
| 26,782,213
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['E05.196.867.519.274'], ['D09.254.229.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['C04'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Specialist approach to childhood asthma: does it exist?
|
Twenty six paediatricians and 21 consultant physicians concerned in the care of children with asthma answered a postal questionnaire on various aspects of the management of asthma, attitudes to referral, and the nature of advice given to parents and children. The 47 specialists had considerable differences in opinion for more than half the questions, including the role of allergen skin tests and the use of "breathing exercises." In addition, the paediatricians disagreed with the responses of the non-paediatricians on common issues such as whether to use aminophylline suppositories and whether swimming helps children grow out of asthma. These results have disturbing implications for the advice that specialists give to general practitioners, children, and parents.
|
['Asthma', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Consultants', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Pediatrics', 'United Kingdom']
| 6,409,273
|
[['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['M01.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['H02.403.670'], ['Z01.542.363']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Soy protein products and heme iron absorption in humans.
|
Dual radioiron tags were used to measure both heme and nonheme iron absorption simultaneously from meat-containing meals in 76 healthy male volunteers. Partial substitution of beef with soy flour reduced the availability of nonheme iron but improved the percentage absorption of heme iron significantly (27 to 59% rise). In contradistinction three other powerful inhibitors of nonheme iron absorption, bran, tea, and desferrioxamine, had no appreciable effect on heme. Ascorbic acid (100 mg and 1000 mg in separate experiments) improved nonheme iron uptake markedly but also failed to alter the assimilation of heme. These studies demonstrate that the deleterious effects on iron nutrition of substituting soy protein for beef are partially offset by improved availability of the remaining heme iron as well as by an increase in the nonheme iron content of the meal.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Animals', 'Biological Availability', 'Cattle', 'Dietary Proteins', 'Heme', 'Humans', 'Intestinal Absorption', 'Iron', 'Male', 'Meat', 'Middle Aged', 'Plant Proteins', 'Soybeans']
| 4,038,429
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['G03.787.151', 'G07.690.725.129'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D12.776.256', 'G07.203.300.428', 'J02.500.428'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.500.640.587', 'D03.633.400.909.500.640.587', 'D04.345.783.500.640.587', 'D23.767.727.640.587'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G03.015.500.374.500', 'G03.787.024.500.374.500', 'G07.203.650.372.500', 'G07.690.725.015.500.374.500', 'G10.261.353.500'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['G07.203.300.600', 'J02.500.600'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.765'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Rho GTPase Cdc42 is essential for human T-cell development.
|
BACKGROUND: Rho GTPases are involved in the regulation of many cell functions, including some related to the actin cytoskeleton. Different Rho GTPases have been shown to be important for T-cell development in mice. However, their role in human T-cell development has not yet been explored.DESIGN AND METHODS: We examined the expression and activation of Rho GTPases along different stages of T-cell development in the human thymus. Early stage human thymocytes were transduced with constitutively active and dominant negative mutants of different Rho GTPases to explore their role in human T-cell development, as analyzed in fetal thymus organ cultures. The use of these mutants as well as Rho GTPase-specific inhibitors allowed us to explore the role of GTPases in thymocyte migration.RESULTS: We found that the expression of several Rho GTPases is differently regulated during successive stages of T-cell development in man, suggesting a specific role in human thymopoiesis. In chimeric fetal thymus organ culture, T-cell development was not or only mildly affected by expression of dominant negative Rac1 and Rac2, but was severely impaired in the presence of dominant negative Cdc42, associated with enhanced apoptosis and reduced proliferation. Kinetic analysis revealed that Cdc42 is necessary in human T-cell development both before and after expression of the pre-T-cell receptor. Using inhibitors and retrovirally transferred mutants of the aforementioned Rho GTPases, we showed that only Rac1 is necessary for migration of different thymocyte subsets, including the early CD34(+) fraction, towards stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha. Constitutively active mutants of Rac1, Rac2 and Cdc42 all impaired migration towards stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha and T-cell development to different degrees.CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report on Rho GTPases in human T-cell development, showing the essential role of Cdc42. Our data suggest that enhanced apoptotic death and reduced proliferation rather than disturbed migration explains the decreased thymopoiesis induced by dominant negative Cdc42.
|
['Blotting, Western', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Polarity', 'Chemokine CXCL12', 'Chemotaxis, Leukocyte', 'Child', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Gene Expression', 'Humans', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Organ Culture Techniques', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Signal Transduction', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Thymus Gland', 'cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein', 'rac GTP-Binding Proteins', 'rac1 GTP-Binding Protein']
| 20,207,844
|
[['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.250'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.120.600', 'D12.776.467.374.200.120.600', 'D23.125.300.120.600', 'D23.469.200.120.600', 'D23.529.374.200.120.600'], ['G04.198.424.233'], ['M01.060.406'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['G05.297'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['E05.481.500.484'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['A10.549.750', 'A15.382.520.604.750'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.700.050', 'D12.644.360.525.700.050', 'D12.776.157.325.515.700.050', 'D12.776.476.525.700.050'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.700.100', 'D12.644.360.525.700.100', 'D12.776.157.325.515.700.100', 'D12.776.476.525.700.100'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.700.100.500', 'D12.644.360.525.700.100.100', 'D12.776.157.325.515.700.100.100', 'D12.776.476.525.700.100.100']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Don't get caught out! A rare case of a calcified urachal remnant mimicking a bladder calculus.
|
Computer tomography through the kidneys, ureters and bladder (CT KUB) is the mainstay investigation of suspected renal tract calculi. However, several pathologies other than renal tract calculi can cause apparent urinary bladder calcification. We describe the case of a 45 year old man who presented with left sided renal colic. Prone CT KUB performed on admission revealed a calcified urachal remnant mimicking a urinary bladder calculus in the dependent portion of the urinary bladder, confirmed by reviewing the multi-planar reformatted images. This is the first reported case in the literature of this phenomenon. We discuss the importance of using multi-planar reformatted images (MPR) and maximum intensity projection images (MIP), as well as careful review of previous imaging, in making the correct diagnosis. We also discuss the differential diagnoses that should be considered when presented with urinary bladder calcification.
|
['Calcinosis', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radiography', 'Urachus', 'Urinary Bladder Calculi']
| 23,705,044
|
[['C18.452.174.130'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['A16.890'], ['C12.777.829.720', 'C12.777.967.500.925', 'C13.351.968.829.521', 'C13.351.968.967.500.925', 'C23.300.175.850.875']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Client-server technology for merging practices.
|
Mergers, acquisitions and multiple care sites have made day-to-day management of information a logistical nightmare for medical group managers. As medical groups consolidate, each care site, typically, joins the new organization using stand-alone billing, accounting and scheduling packages. These legacy systems offer no automated way to transfer information between care sites and a central office. Rather than replacing established operating systems, medical group managers can use rules-based, decision support software and host-based, or client/server, technology. This type of connectivity allows medical groups to collect, process and redistribute key information.
|
['Benchmarking', 'Community Networks', 'Computer Communication Networks', 'Decision Support Techniques', 'Group Practice', 'Health Facility Merger', 'Investments', 'Organizational Affiliation', 'Organizational Culture', 'Practice Management, Medical', 'Systems Integration', 'United States']
| 10,178,594
|
[['N04.452.500.150', 'N04.761.685.150', 'N04.761.700.150', 'N05.700.150', 'N05.715.360.650.150'], ['I01.880.853.500.300', 'L01.313.500.750.300.184', 'N02.421.143.202'], ['L01.224.230.110'], ['E05.245', 'L01.313.500.750.190'], ['N04.452.758.244'], ['N02.278.235'], ['N03.219.702'], ['N04.452.602'], ['N04.452.606'], ['N04.452.758.708.450'], ['H01.770.787', 'L01.906.787'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
ENDOR from nitrogens and protons in low spin ferric heme and hemoprotein.
|
Electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) signals have been obtained from iron-linked nitrogens in frozen solutions of cytochrome c, metmyoglobin cyanide, and a low spin protohemin mercaptide complex. Hyperfine couplings from heme protons have also been obtained from metmyoglobin cyanide and from a low spin protohemin cyanide complex. Several of these proton resonances are assigned to specific heme protons.
|
['Binding Sites', 'Cyanides', 'Cytochrome c Group', 'Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Heme', 'Hemeproteins', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Myoglobin', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Conformation']
| 181,067
|
[['G02.111.570.120'], ['D01.248.497.158.291', 'D01.625.400.100'], ['D08.244.286', 'D12.776.422.220.286'], ['E05.196.867.519.274'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.500.640.587', 'D03.633.400.909.500.640.587', 'D04.345.783.500.640.587', 'D23.767.727.640.587'], ['D12.776.422'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['D12.776.210.500.588', 'D12.776.422.316.940'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The arts and medicine: a challenging relationship.
|
This paper discusses various justifications for including medical humanities and art in healthcare education. It expresses concern about portrayals of the humanities and art as benign and servile in relation to medicine and the health professions. An alternative is for the humanities to take a more active role within medical education by challenging the assumptions and myths of the predominant biomedical model. Another is to challenge quiescent notions of the arts by examining examples of recent provocative work and, to this end, the paper considers the work of performance artists Stelarc and Orlan who have subjected their bodies to modifications and extensions. Their work challenges, and potentially undermines, conceptions of the body, medicine, and humanity's relationship with technology. Similarly, other artists, working with biological cultures, have raised controversial issues. Recent work of this kind defies easy understanding and resists being pressed into the service of medicine and other health professions for educational purposes by opening up topics for exploration and discussion without providing unitary explanatory frameworks. The paper goes on to discuss the implications for medical education if this is the approach to the arts and humanities in healthcare education. It suggests that there needs to be a shift in the foundational assumptions of medicine if the arts and humanities are to contribute more fully.
|
['Art', 'Biology', 'Education, Medical', 'Human Body', 'Humans', 'Medicine', 'Medicine in the Arts', 'Technology']
| 22,114,348
|
[['K01.093'], ['H01.158.273'], ['I02.358.399'], ['I01.076.201.450.560', 'K01.093.378'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.403'], ['K01.093.530'], ['J01.897']]
|
['Humanities [K]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Inhibition of KATP channel activity augments baroreflex-mediated vasoconstriction in exercising human skeletal muscle.
|
In the present investigation we examined the role of ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channel activity in modulating carotid baroreflex (CBR)-induced vasoconstriction in the vasculature of the leg. The CBR control of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and leg vascular conductance (LVC) was determined in seven subjects (25 +/- 1 years, mean +/- S.E.M.) using the variable-pressure neck collar technique at rest and during one-legged knee extension exercise. The oral ingestion of glyburide (5 mg) did not change mean arterial pressure (MAP) at rest (86 versus 89 mmHg, P > 0.05), but did appear to increase MAP during exercise (87 versus 92 mmHg, P = 0.053). However, the CBR-MAP function curves were similar at rest before and after glyburide ingestion. The CBR-mediated decrease in LVC observed at rest (approximately 39%) was attenuated during exercise in the exercising leg (approximately 15%, P < 0.05). Oral glyburide ingestion partially restored CBR-mediated vasoconstriction in the exercising leg (approximately 40% restoration, P < 0.05) compared to control exercise. These findings indicate that K(ATP) channel activity modulates sympathetic vasoconstriction in humans and may prove to be an important mechanism by which functional sympatholysis operates in humans during exercise.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Adult', 'Anti-Arrhythmia Agents', 'Baroreflex', 'Carotid Body', 'Exercise', 'Female', 'Glyburide', 'Humans', 'Knee', 'Male', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Potassium Channel Blockers', 'Potassium Channels', 'Rest', 'Sympathetic Nervous System', 'Vasoconstriction']
| 15,345,750
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.411.097'], ['G09.330.380.057', 'G11.561.731.063'], ['A08.675.650.915.500.600.150', 'A08.800.950.500.600.150', 'A11.671.650.915.500.600.150'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['D02.065.950.828.575', 'D02.886.590.795.575'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.378.610.450'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['D27.505.519.562.500', 'D27.505.954.411.645'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750'], ['I03.450.769.647'], ['A08.800.050.800'], ['G09.330.380.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Photodynamic therapy for rheumatoid arthritis?
|
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The only early surgical therapy of rheumatoid arthritis is synovectomy. But even an arthroscopic synovectomy is restricted to more or less big joints. It has been shown recently that for smaller joints a laser synovectomy is possible but more time-consuming than with mechanical instruments. An alternative method may be photodynamic therapy.STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, possible photodynamic effects of Chloroquine, Methotrexate, Piroxicam, and Sodium Morrhuate were examined using a cell culture model of human synovial fibroblasts from patients having rheumatoid arthritis.RESULTS: Incubation with Chloroquine or Methotrexate and subsequent laser irradiation at a wavelength of 351 nm resulted in an at least twenty-fold enhanced cytotoxicity.CONCLUSION: Both substances therefore may serve for a photodynamic therapy of rheumatoid arthritis.
|
['Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Antirheumatic Agents', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Chloroquine', 'Fibroblasts', 'Humans', 'Laser Therapy', 'Methotrexate', 'Photochemotherapy', 'Piroxicam', 'Sclerosing Solutions', 'Sodium Morrhuate']
| 9,328,983
|
[['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['D27.505.954.329'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['A11.251'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['D03.633.100.810.050.180'], ['A11.329.228'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.594', 'E04.014.520'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.192.500'], ['E02.186.500', 'E02.319.685', 'E02.774.722'], ['D02.886.665.500', 'D03.383.855.500'], ['D26.776.708.822', 'D27.505.954.411.700', 'D27.505.954.578.822', 'D27.720.752.822'], ['D10.251.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Reproducibility of tumor volume measurement at microCT colonography in living mice.
|
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: We sought to demonstrate the viability of microcomputed tomographic colonography (muCTC) as a tool for monitoring tumorigenesis in mouse models of human colorectal cancer during prospective longitudinal studies. The precision and accuracy of volumetric measurements were determined to assess whether changes in tumor volume over time were readily detectable.MATERIALS AND METHODS: All animal studies were conducted under the guidelines set forth by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the American Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care. muCTC was performed on C57BL/6J (B6) mice carrying the Min allele of Apc, ultimately yielding 18 scans. Assessments of scan quality and tumor volume were both performed once per week over 8 weeks.RESULTS: Scans with a good quality rating had a mean standard deviation in tumor volume measurement of 8%. By contrast, scans with a poor quality rating had a mean standard deviation in tumor volume measurement of 35%. Variables affecting muCTC scan quality in living mice included bowel preparation, motion artifact, and tumor morphology. Tumor volume measurements were highly correlated with tumor weight (r2 = 0.87).CONCLUSIONS: The reproducibility of tumor volume measurement at muCTC in living mice makes prospective longitudinal evaluation of colonic tumor response feasible. For muCTC scans of good quality, a 16% change in tumor volume can be detected at the 95% confidence level.
|
['Algorithms', 'Alleles', 'Animals', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Colonography, Computed Tomographic', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Genes, APC', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Insufflation', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Prospective Studies', 'Radiographic Image Enhancement', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 18,280,931
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['B01.050'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['E01.370.350.350.810.180', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.180', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.180', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.180', 'E01.370.372.230'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.249.050', 'G05.360.340.024.340.415.400.050'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['E01.370.450', 'E02.583'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E01.370.350.600.350.700', 'E01.370.350.700.700', 'L01.224.308.380.600'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Hemodynamic effects of external cardiac massage in trauma shock.
|
The effectiveness of closed chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CCCPR) in maintaining cardiac output has been well studied in cardiac arrest. Trauma surgeons most often encounter shock secondary to hypovolemia or cardiac tamponade, and the effectiveness of CCCPR in that setting has not been established. To determine the hemodynamic effects of external massage in profound shock, hypotension was induced in baboons. Pressures obtained with external massage were compared to spontaneous intra-arterial pressures before compression. Although external massage increased systolic pressures in both tamponade and hypovolemia, diastolic pressures were consistently decreased. We conclude that CCCPR does not augment arterial pressure in the clinical situations associated with decreased LVEDV and is unlikely to provide organ perfusion for trauma victims.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Pressure', 'Cardiac Tamponade', 'Heart Massage', 'Papio', 'Resuscitation', 'Shock, Traumatic']
| 2,810,421
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['C14.280.155'], ['E02.365.647.375', 'E04.100.376.458', 'E04.928.220.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.610'], ['E02.365.647'], ['C23.550.835.888', 'C26.797']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiles of bacteria from the saliva of twenty four different individuals form clusters that showed no relationship to the yeasts present.
|
OBJECTIVES: The aim was to investigate the relationship between groups of bacteria identified by cluster analysis of the DGGE fingerprints and the amounts and diversity of yeast present.METHODS: Bacterial and yeast populations in saliva samples from 24 adults were analysed using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of the bacteria present and by yeast culture.RESULTS: Eubacterial DGGE banding patterns showed considerable variation between individuals. Seventy one different amplicon bands were detected, the band number per saliva sample ranged from 21 to 39 (mean±SD=29.3±4.9). Cluster and principal component analysis of the bacterial DGGE patterns yielded three major clusters containing 20 of the samples. Seventeen of the 24 (71%) saliva samples were yeast positive with concentrations up to 103cfu/mL. Candida albicans was the predominant species in saliva samples although six other yeast species, including Candida dubliniensis, Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, Candida guilliermondii, Candida rugosa and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, were identified. The presence, concentration, and species of yeast in samples showed no clear relationship to the bacterial clusters.CONCLUSION: Despite indications of in vitro bacteria-yeast interactions, there was a lack of association between the presence, identity and diversity of yeasts and the bacterial DGGE fingerprint clusters in saliva. This suggests significant ecological individual-specificity of these associations in highly complex in vivo oral biofilm systems under normal oral conditions.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Bacteria', 'Biofilms', 'Candida', 'Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saliva']
| 28,577,425
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B03'], ['A20.593', 'G06.120'], ['B01.300.107.795.095', 'B01.300.381.147', 'B01.300.930.176'], ['E05.196.401.402.117', 'E05.301.300.319.201'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['A12.200.666']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Photophysical studies on the interaction of formamide and alkyl substituted amides with photoinduced electron transfer (PET) based acridinedione dyes in water.
|
Interaction of photoinduced electron transfer (PET) based acridinedione dye (ADR 1) with amides like formamide, acetamide and dimethylformamide (DMF) were investigated by fluorescence spectral techniques. A fluorescence enhancement accompanied with a blue shift in the emission maximum was observed on the addition of amides to ADR 1 dye, which possess C(6)H(4)(p-OCH(3)) in the 9th position of the basic acridinedione ring. The extent of fluorescence enhancement and the blue shift in the emission maximum of ADR 1 dye is of the order of DMF > acetamide > formamide. DMF, which is more hydrophobic and less polar, results in a higher extent of fluorescence enhancement and a larger shift in the emission maximum towards the blue region. On the addition of amides, the ADR 1 dye prefers to orient towards a more hydrophobic phase surrounded by more number of amide molecules. The fluorescence enhancement of ADR 1 dye is attributed to the suppression of PET process occurring through space. The influence of the hydrophobic nature and the polarity of the amides on the excited state properties of acridinedione dyes are elucidated by steady-state and time resolved fluorescence measurements.
|
['Acridines', 'Amides', 'Electron Transport', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Formamides', 'Photochemical Processes', 'Water']
| 21,769,603
|
[['D03.633.300.046'], ['D02.065'], ['G02.111.248', 'G03.295.531.403', 'G03.493.350'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['D02.065.463', 'D02.241.081.420.500'], ['G02.740'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
cDNA cloning and expression characterization of serum transferrin gene from oriental weatherfish Misgurnus anguillicaudatus.
|
In this study, the cDNA coding serum transferrin (stf) of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (mastf) was cloned. mastf cDNA is composed of 2326 bp with a 2007 bp open reading frame encoding 668 amino acids. The deduced Mastf protein consists of a signal peptide, two lobes (N and C-lobes) and signature motifs of transferrin (Tf) family. The results of tissue distribution indicated that mastf mRNA was predominantly expressed in the liver. The results indicate that the mastf expression increased significantly in liver, blood, spleen and head kidney after the challenge with Aeromonas sobria, acting as a positive acute protein, suggesting that mastf is related to the immune response. The cloning and expression analysis of mastf further demonstrates the evolutionary conservation of Stf and immune function in vertebrates.
|
['Aeromonas', 'Amino Acid Motifs', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Cypriniformes', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Fish Proteins', 'Head Kidney', 'Liver', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Open Reading Frames', 'Phylogeny', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Spleen', 'Transferrin']
| 24,673,686
|
[['B03.440.450.019.025'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500', 'G02.111.570.820.709.600.500'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.200'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['D12.776.325'], ['A13.449', 'A16.835.400'], ['A03.620'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.360.335.760.640', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.650'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['D12.776.124.050.800', 'D12.776.124.790.223.839', 'D12.776.157.427.750.500', 'D12.776.377.715.182.839', 'D12.776.556.579.750.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Slow-binding inhibition of soybean lipoxygenase-1 by luteolin.
|
Luteolin, isolated from the seeds of Perilla frutescens (perilla seeds), inhibited the peroxidation of linoleic acid catalyzed by soybean lipoxygenase-1 (EC 1.13.11.12, Type 1) with an IC(50) of 5.0 M (1.43 ìg/mL) noncompetitively. The progress curves for an enzyme reaction indicate that luteolin shows slow binding kinetics. Both the initial velocity and steady-state rate in the progress curve were decreased with increasing the concentration of luteolin. The kinetic parameters, which described the inhibition by luteolin, were evaluated by nonlinear regression fits.
|
['Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Kinetics', 'Lipid Peroxidation', 'Lipoxygenase', 'Lipoxygenase Inhibitors', 'Luteolin', 'Molecular Structure', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Perilla', 'Protein Binding', 'Seeds', 'Soybeans', 'Time Factors']
| 23,139,133
|
[['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['G02.111.515', 'G03.295.531.587'], ['D08.811.682.690.416.583.625', 'D12.776.556.579.374.568.750'], ['D27.505.519.389.480'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.260.555', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.260.555'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.583.520.743'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.750'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Increasing O-GlcNAc slows neurodegeneration and stabilizes tau against aggregation.
|
Oligomerization of tau is a key process contributing to the progressive death of neurons in Alzheimer's disease. Tau is modified by O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc), and O-GlcNAc can influence tau phosphorylation in certain cases. We therefore speculated that increasing tau O-GlcNAc could be a strategy to hinder pathological tau-induced neurodegeneration. Here we found that treatment of hemizygous JNPL3 tau transgenic mice with an O-GlcNAcase inhibitor increased tau O-GlcNAc, hindered formation of tau aggregates and decreased neuronal cell loss. Notably, increases in tau O-GlcNAc did not alter tau phosphorylation in vivo. Using in vitro biochemical aggregation studies, we found that O-GlcNAc modification, on its own, hinders tau oligomerization. O-GlcNAc also inhibits thermally induced aggregation of an unrelated protein, TAK-1 binding protein, suggesting that a basic biochemical function of O-GlcNAc may be to prevent protein aggregation. These results also suggest O-GlcNAcase as a potential therapeutic target that could hinder progression of Alzheimer's disease.
|
['Acetylglucosamine', 'Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing', 'Alzheimer Disease', 'Animals', 'Carbohydrate Conformation', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases', 'Neurodegenerative Diseases', 'Neurons', 'Phosphorylation', 'Pyrans', 'Thiazoles', 'tau Proteins']
| 22,366,723
|
[['D09.067.342.531.050'], ['D12.644.360.024', 'D12.776.157.057', 'D12.776.476.024'], ['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.820.235'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['D08.811.913.400.100.250'], ['C10.574'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D03.383.663'], ['D02.886.675', 'D03.383.129.708'], ['D12.776.220.600.450.510', 'D12.776.631.560.510']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Determination of phenols using simultaneous steam distillation-extraction.
|
Simultaneous distillation-extraction was proposed as a preconcentration step for the determination of phenol and its derivatives in aqueous and soil samples. Detection limits of 0.01 mg l(-1) (water) and 0.1 mg kg(-1) (soil) were achieved by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection. The described preconcentration procedure was applied for the primary study of the adsorption equilibrium in a water-soil system serving as a model of phenol behaviors in the environment.
|
['Chromatography, Gas', 'Phenols', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Steam']
| 10,670,728
|
[['E05.196.181.349'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['D01.045.250.875.800', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650.800', 'D01.650.550.925.800', 'G16.500.887', 'N06.230.650']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The association of health risks with on-the-job productivity.
|
OBJECTIVE: Decreased on-the-job productivity represents a large yet poorly characterized indirect cost to employers. We studied the impact of employee health risk factors on self-reported worker productivity (presenteeism).METHODS: Using a brief version of the Work Limitation Questionnaire incorporated into a Health Risk Appraisal, 28,375 employees of a national company responded to the survey. The association between health risks and work limitation and each of the four domains was examined. Percentage of lost productivity also was estimated.RESULTS: Ten of 12 health risk factors studied were significantly associated with self-reported work limitations. The strength of the associations varied between risks and the four domains of work limitation. Perception-related risk factors such as life dissatisfaction, job dissatisfaction, poor health, and stress showed the greatest association with presenteeism. As the number of self-reported health risk factors increased, so did the percentage of employees reporting work limitations. Each additional risk factor was associated with 2.4% excess productivity reduction. Medium and high-risk individuals were 6.2% and 12.2% less productive than low-risk individuals, respectively. The annual cost of lost productivity in this corporation was estimated at between 99Mdollars and 185Mdollars or between 1392dollars and 2592dollars per employee.CONCLUSIONS: Health risk factors represent additional causes of lost productivity.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Efficiency', 'Female', 'Health Behavior', 'Health Status Indicators', 'Humans', 'Industry', 'Job Satisfaction', 'Life Style', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Midwestern United States', 'Occupational Health', 'Prospective Studies', 'Regression Analysis', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 16,093,926
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F02.784.692.351', 'N04.452.209'], ['F01.145.488'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J01.576'], ['F02.784.692.425'], ['F01.829.458'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.567.875.510'], ['N01.400.525'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Light and electron microscopic morphology of the temporomandibular joint in growing and mature crab-eating monkeys (Macaca fascicularis): the condylar articular layer.
|
In an attempt to establish maturational alterations in the morphology of the articular tissue layer, mandibular condyles of four immature and four mature male monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were studied using light microscopy as well as scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Specimens were fixed in situ by perfusion in the presence of ruthenium red to stabilize proteoglycans. Preparations intended for observation in the scanning electron microscope were first dehydrated and sputtered for the examination of articular surfaces, and afterwards treated with trypsin to expose the spatial arrangement of collagen fibrils. Gross anatomical relations between joint components indicated that the anterior and central, but not the posterior region of the condylar articular surface can be subject to compressional load. Load-bearing and non-load-bearing regions differed with respect to the morphology of the articular layer. Load-bearing surfaces were covered by a prominent articular surface lamina similar to that observed on articular cartilage. This lamina seemed to constitute an integral part of the articular layer, distinct from the lining of synovial fluid, and to be composed largely of proteoglycans. It was unaffected by maturation. The subjacent, load-bearing articular layer differed markedly in structure, both from articular cartilage, and between immature and mature animals. Articular cells of immature animals were classified as fibroblastlike, but unlike typical fibroblasts, were surrounded by a thin, often incomplete halo of fibril-free pericellular matrix, presumably consisting of proteoglycans. In mature animals, articular cells closely resembled chondrocytes, but exhibited prominent nuclear fibrous laminae, which usually are found only in fibroblasts. Thus, the load-bearing part of the articular layer seems to undergo a maturation-dependent metaplastic conversion, from a dense connective tissue with some features of fibrocartilage, to a fibrocartilage-like tissue containing chondrocyte-like cells with some features of fibroblasts. This conversion might reflect an adaptation to a maturation-associated increase in articular stress.
|
['Animals', 'Cartilage', 'Humans', 'Macaca fascicularis', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Temporomandibular Joint']
| 2,372,135
|
[['B01.050'], ['A02.165', 'A10.165.382'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510.520'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['A02.835.583.861', 'A14.907']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Expression of cysteine protease cathepsin L is increased in endometrial cancer and correlates with expression of growth regulatory genes.
|
Proteases contribute to tumor invasion and metastasis by degrading basement membranes and extracellular matrix (ECM). In this study, we compared gene expression levels of two proteases, cysteine protease Cathepsin L2 (CTSL2) and matrix metalloproteinase MMP11, in human endometrium and endometrial cancer. Our data demonstrate CTSL2 transcript levels to be strongly elevated in endometrial cancer, particularly in G3 tumors. Furthermore, we observed a highly significant positive correlation of CTSL2 with expression of growth regulatory genes Ki-67, cyclin B1, MYBL2, p21/WAF, and HER2 receptor tyrosine kinase. Our data suggest that CTSL2 might be involved in progression of endometrial cancer.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cathepsins', 'Cyclin B1', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21', 'Cysteine Endopeptidases', 'Endometrial Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Ki-67 Antigen', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 11', 'Middle Aged', 'RNA, Messenger']
| 22,452,389
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D08.811.277.656.224'], ['D12.644.360.262.120.100', 'D12.776.167.218.120.100', 'D12.776.476.262.120.100'], ['D12.644.360.225.500', 'D12.776.157.687.250', 'D12.776.167.187.500', 'D12.776.476.225.500', 'D12.776.624.776.355.500', 'D12.776.660.720.250'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200'], ['C04.588.945.418.948.585', 'C13.351.500.852.762.200', 'C13.351.937.418.875.200'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.660.625.500', 'D23.050.290.500', 'D23.101.140.400'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.450', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.450', 'D12.644.276.848.450', 'D12.776.467.836.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D13.444.735.544']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Surfactin, Iturin, and Fengycin Biosynthesis by Endophytic Bacillus sp. from Bacopa monnieri.
|
Endophytic microorganisms which are ubiquitously present in plants may colonize intracellularly or intercellularly without causing any diseases. By living within the unique chemical environment of a host plant, they produce a vast array of compounds with a wide range of biological activities. Because of this, natural products of endophytic origin have been exploited for antimicrobial, antiviral, anticancer, and antioxidant properties. Also, they can be considered to function as an efficient microbial barrier to protect plants from various pathogens. In the present study, endophytic bacterium BmB 9 with antifungal and antibacterial activity isolated from the stem tissue of Bacopa monnieri was studied for the molecular and chemical basis of its activity. PCR-based genome mining for various biosynthetic gene clusters proved the presence of surfactin, iturin, and type I polyketide synthase (PKS) genes in the isolate. The LC-MS/MS based analysis of the extract further confirmed the production of surfactin derivatives (M + H(+)-1008.6602, 1022.6755), iturin (M + H(+)-1043.5697), and fengycin (M + H(+)-1491.8195, 1477.8055) by the selected bacterial isolate. The 16S rDNA sequence similarity based analysis identified the isolate BmB 9 as Bacillus sp. with 100 % identity to Bacillus sp. LCF1 (KP257289).
|
['Anti-Infective Agents', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Antioxidants', 'Antiviral Agents', 'Bacillus', 'Bacopa', 'Biological Products', 'Endophytes', 'Lipopeptides', 'Multigene Family', 'Peptides, Cyclic', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry']
| 27,021,396
|
[['D27.505.954.122'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['B03.300.390.400.158.218', 'B03.353.500.100.218', 'B03.510.100.100.218', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.583.700.080'], ['D20.215'], ['B05.237'], ['D10.477', 'D12.644.365'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['D04.345.566', 'D12.644.641'], ['D13.444.735.686.670'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['E05.196.566.880']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Trifluoperazine stimulates the coordinate degradation of sphingomyelin and phosphatidylcholine in GH3 pituitary cells.
|
Prior studies demonstrated that 1,2-diacylglycerols stimulated degradation of the choline-containing phospholipids, phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin, in GH3 pituitary cells by a phospholipase A2 and a sphingomyelinase, respectively (Kolesnick, R. N. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262, 16759-16762). The present studies demonstrate that the phenothiazine trifluoperazine also stimulates degradation of these phospholipids. Trifluoperazine (25 microM) reduced phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin levels to 81 and 58% of control, respectively, after 30 min in cells labeled for 48 h with [3H] choline. Choline-containing metabolites were released specifically into the cytosolic fraction. The level of cytosolic phosphocholine, but not choline or CDP-choline, increased to 150% of control. These events were not mediated by inhibition of phosphatidylcholine synthesis. The level of 1,2-diacylglycerols, but not lysophosphatidylcholine or glycerol-3-phosphocholine, also increased. These data are most consistent with phosphatidylcholine degradation via a phospholipase C. Trifluoperazine-stimulated sphingomyelin degradation was accompanied by quantitative generation of ceramides consistent with activation of a sphingomyelinase. In contrast to trifluoperazine, choline-containing metabolites were released into the medium during stimulation by the 1,2-diacylglycerol 1,2-dioctanoyl-glycerol. Although both trifluoperazine and 1,2-dioctanoylglycerol increased ceramide levels, only 1,2-dioctanoylglycerol increased the sphingoid base level from 24 to 43 pmol/10(6) cells. Hence, trifluoperazine appears to deplete an intracellular pool of phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin by a different mechanism than 1,2-diacylglycerols. This is the first report of phenothiazine-induced degradation of choline-containing phospholipids.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Line', 'Ceramides', 'Choline', 'Cytosol', 'Diglycerides', 'Kinetics', 'Phosphatidylcholines', 'Pituitary Gland', 'Rats', 'Sphingomyelins', 'Trifluoperazine']
| 2,760,058
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D02.065.313', 'D09.400.410.420.525.200', 'D10.390.470.675.200', 'D10.570.877.360.612.200'], ['D02.033.100.291.211', 'D02.092.063.291.211', 'D02.092.877.883.333', 'D02.675.276.232'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['D10.351.303'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.800'], ['A06.300.747', 'A06.688.357.750', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.500', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.500', 'A08.713.357.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D09.400.410.420.525.870', 'D10.390.470.675.870', 'D10.570.755.893', 'D10.570.877.360.612.870'], ['D02.886.369.898', 'D03.633.300.783.898']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Central, peripheral and resistance arterial reactivity: fluctuates during the phases of the menstrual cycle.
|
The purpose of this study was to document the temporal changes in vascular reactivity occurring simultaneously in central, peripheral and microvascular resistance arteries in the same cohort of women during the normal menstrual cycle. Twenty-three (n = 23) women (mean age (+/-SD) = 19 +/- 1 y) were tested during four phases of a normal menstrual cycle. Delineation of the four phases occurred as follows: (1) the early follicular phase; (2) the late follicular (LF) phase; (3) the early luteal (EL) phase; and (4) the late luteal phase. Non-invasive measurement of central hemodynamics and peripheral artery pulse wave velocity (PWV) were performed using applanation tonometry. Measurement of peripheral endothelial function was determined by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) testing in the brachial artery and venous occlusion plethysmography in the forearm and calf resistance arteries. Additionally, plasma NOx and 17beta-estradiol (E) concentrations were measured. Both central (aortic) and peripheral blood pressure (BP) were lowest (P < 0.05) during the LF phase and BP reduction was sustained (P < 0.05) into the EL phase. The timing and amplitude of the reflected pressure wave were attenuated only during the LF phase (P < 0.05). No temporal changes were observed in either central (carotid-femoral) or peripheral PWV (femoral-dorsalis pedis, carotid-radial). Peak forearm and calf blood flow during reactive hyperemia were greatest in LF. Brachial FMD was greatest during the LF phase (P < 0.05). Plasma E and NOx concentrations were highest during the LF phase (P < 0.05). Young premenopausal women experienced an overwhelming pattern of reduced BP and increased systemic vascular reactivity during the LF phase prior to ovulation.
|
['Adolescent', 'Arteries', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Blood Pressure', 'Brachial Artery', 'Cohort Studies', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Follicular Phase', 'Humans', 'Luteal Phase', 'Menstrual Cycle', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Vascular Resistance', 'Young Adult']
| 20,404,025
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['A07.015.114'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['A07.015.114.139'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['G08.686.605.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.605.410'], ['G08.686.605'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['G09.330.380.921'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
This mood is familiar and I don't deserve to feel better anyway: mechanisms underlying self-esteem differences in motivation to repair sad moods.
|
Why are people with low self-esteem (LSE) less motivated than people with high self-esteem (HSE) to improve sad moods? The present research examined whether feelings of personal deservingness contribute to this difference. Four experiments with undergraduate participants involved a sad mood induction, a manipulation of personal deservingness, or both. Results suggested that (a) LSEs feel less deserving of positive outcomes and of positive moods than do HSEs, (b) feelings of personal deservingness can vary with the situation, and be lowered through reminders of social rejection and personal flaws, and (c) feeling relatively undeserving dampens LSEs', but not HSEs', motivation to repair sad moods. These results have implications for the emotion regulation, self-esteem, and social justice literatures.
|
['Affect', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Motivation', 'Self Concept', 'Social Control, Informal', 'Sociometric Techniques', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 19,159,137
|
[['F01.470.047'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['F01.752.747.792'], ['I01.880.630'], ['I01.880.866'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Assemblage composition and distribution of meiofauna in the southern Yellow Sea cold water mass during summer and autumn].
|
In order to study the impact of the Yellow Sea cold water mass (YSCWM) on meiofauna, the composition, abundance, biomass of meiofauna and their relationships with environmental variables were analyzed through the samples from 8 stations investigated by R/V 'Dongfanghong II' in June and November, 2013. The results showed that the average abundances of meiofauna were 900.8 and 758.4 ind · 10 cm(-2), and biomasses were 886.9 and 615.7 µg · 10 cm(-2) in June and November, 2013, respectively. Results of ANOVA showed that no significant differences of meiofaunal abundance and biomass were detected among the 8 stations in the two study cruises. A total of 17 meiofaunal groups were identified. The most dominant taxonomic group was free-living marine nematodes, with relative dominance of 88.5% in June and 94.0% in November. The following groups were also important, including benthic copepods, polychaetes, kinorhynchs and ostracods. Analysis of meiofaunal vertical distribution indicated that 92.5% and 95.4% of meiofauna distributed in the top 5 cm of the sediment in the two study cruises, while 59.1% of nematodes and 78.2% of copepods were found in the top 2 cm of the sediment. Correlation analysis among meiofaunal abundance and biomass, nematode and copepod abundance and environmental variables showed that meiofaunal abundance and biomass had significant negative correlations with bottom water temperature (BWT) and sediment silt-clay percentage. Copepod abundance also had significant negative correlations with BWT and silt-clay percentage while it had significant positive correlation with sediment median diameter. The results of BIOENV indicated that BWT, bottom water salinity, sediment water content, sediment chlorophyll a and phaeophorbide contents were the most important factors to influence meiofaunal assemblages.
|
['Animals', 'Biomass', 'Biota', 'China', 'Cold Temperature', 'Copepoda', 'Crustacea', 'Nematoda', 'Seasons', 'Seawater']
| 26,094,481
|
[['B01.050'], ['G16.500.275.157.100', 'N06.230.124.100'], ['G16.500.275.157.049.100', 'N06.230.124.049.100'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['G01.906.595.272', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.300', 'G16.500.750.775.710.300', 'N06.230.300.100.725.154', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.300'], ['B01.050.500.131.365.160'], ['B01.050.500.131.365'], ['B01.050.500.500.294'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['G16.500.275.725.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Knowledge about and attitudes towards drinking among university students in Spain.
|
A total of 545 Spanish university students from the University of Valladolid, were surveyed in 1985 about their alcohol use, knowledge of the effects of alcohol, and attitudes towards social drinking and towards alcoholism and alcoholics. The knowledge regarding alcohol (mean scores 7.7 +/- 0.1, ranging 1-15) was associated with academic aspects: it was higher among medicine and nursing students and increased according to the length of stay at university. The attitudes both towards social drinking (mean scores 0.6 +/- 0.1, ranging -9 to 9) and towards alcoholism and the alcoholics (mean scores 3.0 +/- 0.1, ranging -6 to 9), were related to alcohol consumption: those students self-reported as "heavy" and "moderate" drinkers, and those with alcohol intake over 40 g/day, had a more favourable attitude. The results suggest a need for education on alcohol.
|
['Adult', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Alcoholism', 'Attitude to Health', 'Female', 'Health Education', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Spain', 'Students', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 2,609,009
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['C25.775.100.250', 'F03.900.100.350'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['I02.233.332', 'N02.421.726.407'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.846'], ['M01.848'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Correlation between Herrold egg yolk medium culture and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction results for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in pooled fecal and environmental samples.
|
Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) testing for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) in fecal samples is a rapid alternative to culture on Herrold egg yolk medium (HEYM), the traditional antemortem reference test for MAP. Although the sensitivity and specificity of these 2 tests have been estimated based on dichotomized test results, the correlation between real-time qPCR threshold cycle (Ct) values and colony-forming units (CFU) on HEYM for fresh and thawed samples has not been evaluated. The objectives of the present study were to estimate the correlation and association between Ct and CFU in fresh and thawed pooled fecal and environmental samples. Results of HEYM culture of 1,997 pooled fecal samples from cows in 14 herds, and 802 environmental samples from 109 dairies nationwide were negatively (inversely) correlated with their respective real-time qPCR results. The Spearman's rank correlation between Ct and CFU was good (-0.66) in fresh and thawed pooled fecal samples, and excellent (-0.76) and good (-0.61) in fresh and thawed environmental samples, respectively. The correlation varied from good (-0.53) to excellent (-0.90) depending on the number of samples in a fecal pool. Truncated regression models indicated a significant negative association between Ct and CFU in fecal pools and environmental samples. The use of real-time qPCR instead of HEYM can yield rapid, quantitative estimates of MAP load and allow for incorporation of real-time qPCR results of pooled and environmental samples in testing strategies to identify dairy cow groups with the highest MAP shedding.
|
['Animals', 'California', 'Cattle', 'Cattle Diseases', 'Colony-Forming Units Assay', 'Culture Media', 'Dairying', 'Egg Yolk', 'Environment', 'Feces', 'Female', 'Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis', 'New York', 'Paratuberculosis', 'Pennsylvania', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Regression Analysis', 'Vermont']
| 20,807,920
|
[['B01.050'], ['Z01.107.567.875.580.200', 'Z01.107.567.875.760.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['C22.196'], ['E01.370.225.500.383', 'E05.200.500.383', 'E05.242.383'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['J01.040.246'], ['A16.690.325', 'G07.203.300.470.800', 'J02.500.470.800'], ['G16.500.275', 'N06.230'], ['A12.459'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.300.600', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.300.600'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.437', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.475.747', 'C22.688'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.550', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.550', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.550'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['Z01.107.567.875.550.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Development and validation of a Viviparous-1 STS marker for pre-harvest sprouting tolerance in Chinese wheats.
|
Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) of wheat reduces the quality of wheat grain, and improving PHS tolerance is a priority in certain wheat growing regions where conditions favorable for PHS exist. Two new Viviparous-1 allelic variants related to PHS tolerance were investigated on B genome of bread wheat, and designated as Vp-1Bb and Vp-1Bc, respectively. Sequence analysis showed that Vp-1Bb and Vp-1Bc had an insertion of 193-bp and a deletion of 83-bp fragment, respectively, located in the third intron region of the Vp-1B gene. The insertion and deletion affected the expression level of the Vp1 at mature seed stage, more correctly spliced transcripts were observed from the genotypes with either insertion or deletion than that of the wild type. Based on these insertions and deletions, a co-dominant STS marker of Vp-1B gene was developed and designated as Vp1B3, which in most cases could amplify either 845 or 569-bp fragment from the tolerant cultivars, and 652-bp from the susceptible ones. This Vp1B3 marker was mapped to chromosome 3BL using a set of Chinese Spring nulli-tetrasomic and ditelosomic lines. A total of 89 white-grained Chinese wheat cultivars and advanced lines, were used to validate the relationship between the polymorphic fragments of Vp1B3 and PHS tolerance. Statistical analysis indicated that Vp1B3 was strongly associated with PHS tolerance in this set of Chinese germplasm, suggesting that Vp1B3 could be used as an efficient and reliable co-dominant marker in the evaluation of wheat germplasm for PHS tolerance and marker-assisted breeding for PHS tolerant cultivars.
|
['Base Sequence', 'China', 'Genetic Markers', 'Germination', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Seeds', 'Sequence Tagged Sites', 'Triticum']
| 17,712,543
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['D23.101.387', 'G05.695.450'], ['G07.345.625.249', 'G15.357'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775'], ['G05.360.340.024.810'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.918']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Endothelial overexpression of Fas ligand decreases atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.
|
OBJECTIVE: Fas ligand (FasL) can induce apoptosis in cells bearing the Fas receptor. The role of FasL in the vasculature with regard to atherosclerosis is controversial. This study examined the function of endothelial FasL during atherosclerosis.METHODS AND RESULTS: Transgenic (Tg) mice that specifically overexpress different levels of FasL on vascular endothelial cells were crossed into the apolipoprotein E-knockout background (ApoE-KO) to generate ApoE-KO/FasL-Tg mice. Although plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels were not different between ApoE-KO/FasL-Tg mice and ApoE-KO mice after 12 weeks of a high-fat diet, overexpression of the FasL transgene significantly reduced atherosclerotic lesion area in aortae by 49%. The reduction of atherosclerotic lesion area was more pronounced in thoracic and abdominal aortae than in the aortic arch, and a 34% reduction in lesion area was observed in aortic root sections from the ApoE-KO/FasL-Tg group compared with the ApoE-KO group. Immunostaining revealed significant decreases in both macrophage and CD8 T-cell accumulation in lesions of ApoE-KO/FasL-Tg mice. ApoE-KO/FasL-Tg mice that express lower levels of endothelial FasL also displayed reduced lesion size, but this reduction was statistically significant at the aortic arch only.CONCLUSIONS: Overexpression of endothelial FasL is antiinflammatory and inhibits atherosclerosis under hypercholesterolemic conditions.
|
['Animals', 'Aorta, Abdominal', 'Aorta, Thoracic', 'Aortic Diseases', 'Apolipoproteins E', 'Apoptosis', 'Arteriosclerosis', 'Diet, Atherogenic', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Fas Ligand Protein', 'Humans', 'Hypercholesterolemia', 'Inflammation', 'Leukocyte Count', 'Lipids', 'Macrophages', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic']
| 15,178,561
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056.205'], ['A07.015.114.056.372'], ['C14.907.109'], ['D10.532.091.500', 'D12.776.070.400.500', 'D12.776.521.120.500'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['C14.907.137.126'], ['G07.203.650.240.242'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['D12.644.276.374.750.249', 'D12.776.395.550.312', 'D12.776.467.374.750.249', 'D12.776.543.550.312', 'D23.529.374.750.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.584.500.500.396'], ['C23.550.470'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595', 'E05.200.625.107.595', 'E05.242.195.107.595', 'G04.140.107.595', 'G09.188.105.595'], ['D10'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['A11.118.637.555.283.875', 'A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.283.875', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.283.875', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.200']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Temperament and increased weight gain in infants.
|
The role of temperamental characteristics in accelerated and decelerated weight gain in normal infants has not been investigated previously except for differences in activity. The present study drew a random sample of 200 normal infants from a largely middle-class private practice. It found 24 infants who gained 30 or more percentile points in weight for length determinations between 6 and 12 months of age and 25 who lost 20 percentile points or more. These growth data were compared with contemporaneous findings on the Infant Temperament Questionnaire. Those gaining the most had significantly more difficult temperament ratings (p less than 0.05) and were perceived by their mothers as "more difficult than average" (p less than 0.001). Infants with the most decelerated growth were not temperamentally different from the general sample. Negative mood rather than low activity was the specific characteristic distinguishing the infants gaining the most (p = 0.006). Clinical experience would suggest that fussy infants are fed more to quiet them.
|
['Body Height', 'Body Weight', 'Child Behavior', 'Child Development', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant Food', 'Motor Activity', 'Personality', 'Temperament']
| 4,008,657
|
[['E01.370.600.115.100.160.100', 'E05.041.124.160.500', 'G07.100.100.160.100', 'G07.345.249.314.100'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['F01.145.179'], ['F01.525.200', 'G07.345.374.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['G07.203.300.525.500', 'J02.500.525.500'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['F01.752'], ['F01.752.898']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Risk factors for child abuse: quantitative correlational design.
|
The aim of this research study is to identify risk factors typical of different types of suspected child abuse reported at a hospital. The study was based on 114 cases of children for whom some type of abuse was reported. Physical abuse was the most frequently reported of all types of suspected child abuse. Most victims of sexual abuse were female and at least half the cases of neglect and physical abuse were attributed to parents. Most cases were identified in the emergency room by nurses. Children older than 10 were more susceptible to physical abuse and neglect.
|
['Adolescent', 'Age Distribution', 'Child', 'Child Abuse', 'Child Abuse, Sexual', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cohort Studies', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Israel', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Mandatory Reporting', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Needs Assessment', 'Prevalence', 'Primary Prevention', 'Risk Factors', 'Sex Distribution', 'Socioeconomic Factors']
| 24,263,252
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['M01.060.406'], ['I01.198.240.856.350.250', 'I01.880.735.900.350.250'], ['I01.198.240.748.300', 'I01.198.240.856.350.250.255', 'I01.880.735.900.350.250.255'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['Z01.252.245.500.375'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['I01.880.604.583.080.134.300', 'I01.880.604.583.527', 'I01.880.604.622.249', 'N03.706.535.615', 'N03.706.657.249'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['I02.594', 'N03.349.380.565', 'N05.300.537'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['N02.421.726.758', 'N06.850.780.680'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Plasma exchange in two patients with rheumatoid vasculitis.
|
Plasma exchange was performed in 2 patients with classical rheumatoid arthritis, complicated in one case by necrotic vasculitis, and in the other by mononeuritis multiplex. Immediate improvement in the peripheral circulation was observed in both patients with subsequent healing of necroses and nerve function, respectively. The treatment was combined with low doses of corticosteroids and cytostatic agents. After 2 years, both patients were still receiving intermittent plasma exchanges, performed at 3-4 month intervals. A correlation between immediate circulatory improvement and lowered plasma viscosity by the plasma exchange was indicated.
|
['Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Plasma Exchange', 'Vasculitis']
| 7,063,814
|
[['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.095.135.750', 'E02.120.770.500', 'E02.912.715.500', 'E04.292.869.500'], ['C14.907.940']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The effect of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors in Clostridium difficile toxin-induced paw oedema and neutrophil migration.
|
Clostridium difficile produces a potent enterotoxin and a cytotoxin, toxin A and toxin B, respectively. These toxins are associated with pseudomembranous colitis and antibiotic-associated diarrhoea. In the present study, we investigated the oedematogenic activity of both toxins, characterizing the time-course and dose-response of this pro-inflammatory event. We also explored the effects of two inhibitors of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) production, thalidomide and pentoxifylline, in neutrophil recruitment and the oedematogenic activity of these toxins. Subplantar injection of toxin A induced paw oedema with a maximal response at 1 microg, reaching a maximal value 9 hr after toxin A challenge (toxin A 1 microg:1.39+/-0.09 ml). Toxin B also showed a dose-dependent oedematogenic activity with a late peak at 24 hr and a maximal response at a dose of 0.1 microg (toxin B 0.1 microg:1.74+/-0.12 ml). Pentoxifylline, but not thalidomide, significantly reduced the oedema induced by Toxin A (pentoxifylline 135 mg/kg:60% of inhibition) and Toxin B (pentoxifylline 135 mg/kg:33.6% of inhibition). Both thalidomide and pentoxifylline were able to significantly reduce neutrophil influx into the peritoneal cavities of rats evoked with Toxin A (thalidomide 45 mg/kg: 53.1% of inhibition; pentoxifylline 45 mg/kg:47.1% of inhibition) and Toxin B (thalidomide 45 mg/kg:46.8% of inhibition; pentoxifylline 45 mg/kg:63.1% of inhibition). This study demonstrates the oedematogenic activities of both toxins with distinct potencies and time-courses. These data also show an inhibitory effect of pentoxifylline in toxin A and B-induced paw oedema. Furthermore, both pentoxifylline and thalidomide significantly inhibited the Clostridium difficile toxins-induced neutrophil migration.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Botulinum Toxins', 'Botulinum Toxins, Type A', 'Chemotaxis, Leukocyte', 'Clostridioides difficile', 'Dermatologic Agents', 'Edema', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Male', 'Neutrophils', 'Pentoxifylline', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Thalidomide', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 11,453,371
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.153', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.153', 'D12.776.097.156', 'D23.946.123.179'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.153.100', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.153.100', 'D12.776.097.156.100', 'D23.946.123.179.050'], ['G04.198.424.233'], ['B03.353.625.657.500'], ['D27.505.954.444'], ['C23.888.277'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['D03.633.100.759.758.824.651.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D02.241.223.805.810.800', 'D03.383.621.808.800', 'D03.633.100.513.750.750'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A neurovascular island flap including a vein for the treatment of an acquired ring constriction.
|
We present a case of an acquired constriction band caused by a tight ring on the left middle finger of a 45-year-old man. Most of the constriction band was excised and the resulting defect reconstructed with a neurovascular island flap, including a dorsal digital vein, from the adjacent ring finger. The distal end of the artery and the nerve in the flap were anastomosed and coapted to the digital artery and nerve, respectively, at the distal edge of the defect after excision of the band. The vein in the flap was anastomosed to a dorsal vein at both the distal and proximal edges of the flap as a vascularised interpositional vein graft. Four months later, the remaining constriction band was excised and the defect closed by an advancement flap. Swelling of the finger decreased and sensation improved.
|
['Constriction, Pathologic', 'Fingers', 'Hand Deformities, Acquired', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Surgical Flaps', 'Veins']
| 7,551,512
|
[['C23.300.287'], ['A01.378.800.667.430'], ['C05.390.110'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710'], ['A07.015.908']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Probing spatial organization of DNA strands using enzyme-free hairpin assembly circuits.
|
Catalyzed hairpin assembly (CHA) is a robust enzyme-free signal-amplification reaction that has a wide range of potential applications, especially in biosensing. Although most studies of the analytical applications of CHA have focused on the measurement of concentrations of biomolecules, we show here that CHA can also be used to probe the spatial organization of biomolecules such as single-stranded DNA. The basis of such detection is the fact that a DNA structure that brings a toehold and a branch-migration domain into close proximity can catalyze the CHA reaction. We quantitatively studied this phenomenon and applied it to the detection of domain reorganization that occurs during DNA self-assembly processes such as the hybridization chain reaction (HCR). We also show that CHA circuits can be designed to detect certain types of hybridization defects. This principle allowed us to develop a "signal on" assay that can simultaneously respond to multiple types of mutations in a DNA strand in one simple reaction, which is of great interest in genotyping and molecular diagnostics. These findings highlight the potential impacts of DNA circuitry on DNA nanotechnology and provide new tools for further development of these fields.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Biosensing Techniques', 'DNA', 'DNA, Single-Stranded', 'Nanostructures', 'Nucleic Acid Conformation', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization']
| 22,894,754
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.601.043'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D13.444.308.497', 'G02.111.570.820.486.437', 'G05.360.580.437'], ['J01.637.512'], ['G02.111.570.820.486', 'G05.360.580'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Expression of GC clusters in the yeast mitochondrial var 1 gene. Transcription into stable RNAs.
|
We have determined whether two 46-base pair (bp) GC-rich clusters present in the coding region of the yeast mitochondrial var 1 gene are transcribed and retained in the putative mRNA for the var 1 protein. One GC cluster is found in all var 1 alleles, while the other is optional; both are identical in sequence and, when present together in var 1, are arranged in opposite orientation 158 bp apart. Because of their dyad symmetry, these GC clusters would form stem and loop structures if present in RNA. We have exploited this potential for secondary structure to show that these GC clusters are transcribed. Using a 46-bp RsaI-MboI var 1 restriction fragment as primer and 16 S RNA (the putative var 1 mRNA (Farrelly, F., Zassenhaus, H. P., and Butow, R. A. (1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 6581-6587) purified from strains whose var 1 allele contains one or both of these GC clusters as template for AMV reverse transcriptase, we find the accumulation of a major class of cDNAs whose size is consistent with an impediment of reverse transcription at the predicted positions of the GC clusters in the RNA template. Moreover, depending upon the RNA template, we find that the small fraction of full length cDNA molecules made in the reaction contain one or two SstII sites. Because of fold-back, these sites are predicted to be present in the otherwise single-stranded cDNAs if the GC clusters are transcribed.
|
['Base Sequence', 'DNA', 'DNA Restriction Enzymes', 'DNA, Mitochondrial', 'Genes', 'Genes, Fungal', 'Nucleic Acid Conformation', 'RNA, Fungal', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 6,330,112
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D08.811.150.280', 'D08.811.277.352.335.350.300', 'D08.811.277.352.355.325.300'], ['D13.444.308.283.225'], ['G05.360.340.024.340'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.500', 'G05.360.340.358.024.500', 'G05.360.340.358.365.500'], ['G02.111.570.820.486', 'G05.360.580'], ['D13.444.735.500'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Influence of extracellular K+ concentrations on quinidine-induced K+ current inhibition in rat ventricular myocytes.
|
Hypokalaemia is one of the important risk factors for development of torsades de pointes. We recently reported that hypokalaemia increased the electrocardiographic QT interval in rats treated with quinidine, but did not alter the arrhythmogenic potency of quinidine. In this study, we have investigated the influence of extracellular potassium concentration ([K+]o) on the inhibition of several types of cardiac potassium currents by quinidine. Such types of currents include the delayed rectifier potassium current (I(K)), the transient outward current (Ito), and the inward rectifier potassium current (I(K1)), as measured in isolated rat ventricular cells using patch-clamp techniques. Concentration-dependent effects of quinidine on I(K), Ito, and I(K1) were evaluated under both normal ([K+]o = 5.4 mM) and hypokalaemic ([K+]o = 3.5 mM) conditions. In contrast to both I(K) and Ito, which were barely influenced by changes in [K+]o, I(K1) was significantly inhibited by hypokalaemia. Furthermore, while quinidine suppressed both I(K) and Ito in a concentration-dependent manner, the inhibitory potency of quinidine on these currents was not influenced by changes in [K+]o. The respective normal and hypokalaemic IC50 values for quinidine were 11.4 and 10.0 microM (I(K)), and 17.6 and 17.3 microM (Ito). Although higher concentrations of quinidine were required to inhibit I(K1), the inhibitory potency of quinidine was also found to be insensitive to changes in [K+]o. Thus, in rats, the inhibitory potency of quinidine for the K+ current-types I(K), Ito and I(K1) is barely influenced by changes in [K+]o. These findings are consistent with our previous report showing that the QT-prolonging potency of quinidine was not altered under hypokalaemic conditions. However, whilst hypokalaemia does not affect I(K) or Ito, it can inhibit I(K1) and can result in QT prolongation in-vivo.
|
['Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists', 'Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Drug Interactions', 'Electrophysiology', 'Heart', 'Male', 'Patch-Clamp Techniques', 'Potassium', 'Potassium Channels', 'Quinidine', 'Rats']
| 10,716,610
|
[['D27.505.519.625.050.200.100', 'D27.505.696.577.050.200.100'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['A07.541'], ['E05.200.500.905', 'E05.242.800'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750'], ['D03.132.206.636', 'D03.605.687.637', 'D03.633.100.810.699'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sister chromatid exchange and chromosome aberration analyses in mice after in vivo exposure to acrylonitrile, styrene, or butadiene monoxide.
|
The use of polymers in plastic and rubber products has generated concern that monomers potentially active in biological systems may be eluted from these substances. We have evaluated two such monomers, acrylonitrile and styrene, for the induction of chromosome damage in mice. Butadiene monoxide, a presumed metabolite of a third important monomer, 1,3-butadiene, was also tested. These chemicals were administered as a single intraperitoneal injection; sister chromatid exchanges and chromosome aberrations were analyzed in bone marrow cells. Acrylonitrile and styrene were largely negative for these endpoints when tested at doses ranging to 60 mg/kg and 1,000 mg/kg, respectively. Butadiene monoxide, which previously has not been tested in a mammalian system, was determined to be a very effective inducer of sister chromatid exchanges and chromosome aberrations. Both endpoints showed a clear dose response and a greater than ten-fold increase over control levels at high doses. These studies represent an initial step in our efforts to evaluate genetic risk associated with exposure to common polymeric chemicals.
|
['Acrylonitrile', 'Animals', 'Chromosome Aberrations', 'Epoxy Compounds', 'Ethers, Cyclic', 'Injections, Intraperitoneal', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mutagenicity Tests', 'Nitriles', 'Sister Chromatid Exchange', 'Styrene', 'Styrenes']
| 3,709,426
|
[['D02.626.095'], ['B01.050'], ['C23.550.210', 'G05.365.590.175'], ['D02.355.291.411'], ['D02.355.291', 'D04.345.241'], ['E02.319.267.530.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['E05.393.560', 'E05.940.560'], ['D02.626'], ['G05.728.615.750'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.750.800'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Examination of the thoracic cavity and lung lobectomy by means of thoracoscopy in dogs.
|
The feasibility of thoracoscopy for viewing the chest cavity and performing pulmonary lobectomy was assessed in 8 mongrel dogs. Previously, selective intubation had been performed in another group of dogs (n = 8) in order to monitor respiratory physiology and assess its safety. Each hemithorax was intubated using a double-barrelled endotracheal tube with one barrel placed in the left main bronchus and the other in the bifurcation of the trachea. The thoracoscope was introduced through a cannula inserted through a 2-cm incision at the ventral third of the left 5th intercostal space. The cranial, dorsal, and caudal surfaces of the pleura, lobes of the left lung, and the mediastinum were examined. A 2nd cannula was located in the dorsal 3rd of the 5th intercostal space with a prior incision and used for the introduction of forceps to separate the viscera. To biopsy, a 3rd cannula was inserted at the dorsal third of the 8th intercostal space with a prior incision, through which a 12-mm diameter stapler was introduced. Should a lobectomy be necessary, a 4th cannula is located in the middle third of the 4th intercostal space. Excision of the left caudal pulmonary lobe was performed through the incision made for the 12-mm diameter cannula (8th intercostal space); a twisting movement facilitated removal. Thoracoscopy is a procedure that can be used in dogs and is particularly suitable for examination, collection of biopsy specimens, and even lung lobectomies.
|
['Anesthesia, General', 'Animals', 'Biopsy', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Dogs', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Hemoglobins', 'Intubation, Intratracheal', 'Lung', 'Oxygen', 'Sutures', 'Thoracoscopy']
| 9,592,615
|
[['E03.155.197'], ['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['D12.776.124.400', 'D12.776.422.316.762'], ['E02.041.500', 'E02.585.578', 'E05.497.578'], ['A04.411'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['E07.858.690.820'], ['E01.370.388.250.840', 'E04.502.250.840', 'E04.928.752']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Scientific tools, fake treatments, or triggers for psychological healing: how clinical trial participants conceptualise placebos.
|
Placebos are an essential tool in randomised clinical trials, where they are used to control for bias and contextual healing effects. Placebos and their effects are also studied from multiple diverse perspectives, but the perspectives of placebo recipients are seldom considered. Research shows that people form cognitive and affective representations of active treatments such as medicines, and that they use these representations to guide their behaviour; it seems reasonable to suggest that people might also think about and develop representations of placebos. We adopted a qualitative approach to examine in detail how participants in one RCT, conducted in the USA, conceptualised placebos. 12 people were interviewed 3 times each, at the start, middle, and end of a trial of placebo effects and acupuncture for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). The interview data were analysed inductively and we identified four ways in which the participants conceptualised placebos: placebos are necessary for research; placebo effects are fake; placebo acupuncture is not real acupuncture; placebos have real effects mediated by psychological mechanisms. Participants' conceptualisations of placebos were dynamic and situated in a broader psychological and socio-cultural context. Seeing placebo effects as legitimate seemed to be facilitated by having more holistic models of healing, viewing IBS as psychological, and seeing treatment as multifactorial. However, some participants maintained a negative view of placebo effects (e.g. as illusions) that was apparently inconsistent with their other beliefs (e.g. in mind-body healing mechanisms). This may indicate a dominance of negative discourses around placebos at a socio-cultural level. Negative views of placebos are inconsistent with evidence that placebo treatments can have positive effects on symptoms. RCT participants should be informed about potential benefits of placebo treatments to avoid misunderstandings and unease. Future work should improve methods of providing participants with full accurate information about placebos and their effects.
|
['Acupuncture Therapy', 'Adult', 'Attitude to Health', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Informed Consent', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Irritable Bowel Syndrome', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Placebo Effect', 'Placebos', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'Research Subjects']
| 22,285,289
|
[['E02.190.044'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.880.604.473.650.718', 'I01.880.604.583.427', 'N03.706.437.650.312', 'N03.706.535.489'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['C06.405.469.158.272.608'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N05.715.350.350.625', 'N06.850.490.734.875'], ['D26.660', 'E02.785'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500'], ['M01.774']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Macrophages utilize the mitochondrial calcium uniporter for profibrotic polarization.
|
Fibrosis in multiple organs, including the liver, kidney, and lung, often occurs secondary to environmental exposure. Asbestos exposure is one important environmental cause of lung fibrosis. The mechanisms that mediate fibrosis is not fully understood, although mitochondrial oxidative stress in alveolar macrophages is critical for fibrosis development. Mitochondrial Ca2+ levels can be associated with production of reactive oxygen species. Here, we show that patients with asbestosis have higher levels of mitochondrial Ca2+ compared with normal patients. The mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) is a highly selective ion channel that transports Ca2+ into the mitochondrial matrix to modulate metabolism. Asbestos exposure increased mitochondrial Ca2+ influx in alveolar macrophages from wild-type, but not MCU+/-, mice. MCU expression polarized macrophages to a profibrotic phenotype after exposure to asbestos, and the profibrotic polarization was regulated by MCU-mediated ATP production. Profibrotic polarization was abrogated when MCU was absent or its activity was blocked. Of more importance, mice that were deficient in MCU were protected from pulmonary fibrosis. Regulation of mitochondrial Ca2+ suggests that MCU may play a pivotal role in the development of fibrosis and could potentially be a therapeutic target for pulmonary fibrosis.-Gu, L., Larson-Casey, J. L., Carter, A. B. Macrophages utilize the mitochondrial calcium uniporter for profibrotic polarization.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Animals', 'Asbestosis', 'Calcium', 'Calcium Channels', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Haplotypes', 'Humans', 'Macrophages', 'Mice', 'Middle Aged', 'Pulmonary Fibrosis', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Young Adult']
| 28,351,840
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['C08.381.483.581.125', 'C08.381.520.702.125', 'C24.800.127'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.150', 'D12.776.543.550.450.150', 'D12.776.543.585.400.150'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C08.381.765'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Clinical efficacy of magnesium supplementation in patients with type 2 diabetes.
|
Effects of magnesium (Mg) supplementation on nine mild type 2 diabetic patients with stable glycemic control were investigated. Water from a salt lake with a high natural Mg content (7.1%) (MAG21) was used for supplementation after dilution with distilled water to 100mg/100mL; 300mL/day was given for 30 days. Fasting serum immunoreactive insulin level decreased significantly, as did HOMA squareR (both p < 0.05). There was also a marked decrease of the mean triglyceride level after supplementation. The patients with hypertension showed significant reduction of systolic (p < 0.01), diastolic (p = 0.0038), and mean (p < 0.01) blood pressure. The salt lake water supplement, MAG21, exerted clinical benefit as a Mg supplement in patients with mild type 2 diabetes mellitus.
|
['Blood Glucose', 'Blood Pressure', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Dietary Supplements', 'Fasting', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Insulin', 'Magnesium', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Triglycerides', 'Water']
| 15,466,952
|
[['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['G07.203.300.456', 'J02.500.456'], ['F01.145.407.400', 'G07.203.650.240.587', 'G07.203.650.353.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.422'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['D01.268.552.437', 'D01.268.557.500', 'D01.552.547.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['D10.351.801'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
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