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Hydrogen bonding patterns of calix[4]arenes with thiourea functionalities in solution and in the solid state.
|
[structure: see text] We have synthesized a number of calix[4]arene derivatives presenting thiourea functional groups at their upper rims by the condensation of a 1,3-di(p-amino)calix[4]arene with alkyl isothiocyanates. Mono- and dithiourea-substituted calix[4]arenes were prepared selectively in good yields, and homocoupling of the former led to calix[4]arene dimers with a thiourea linker. X-ray crystallography revealed interesting intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonding patterns. (1)H NMR data and computational studies also provided some insight into the hydrogen bonding patterns.
|
['Calixarenes', 'Hydrogen Bonding', 'Models, Chemical', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Phenols', 'Solutions', 'Thiourea']
| 15,176,794
|
[['D04.345.025'], ['G02.282'], ['E05.599.495'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['D26.776'], ['D02.065.950.898', 'D02.886.904']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
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| 1
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Adaptive-weighted bilateral filtering and other pre-processing techniques for optical coherence tomography.
|
This paper presents novel pre-processing image enhancement algorithms for retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT). These images contain a large amount of speckle causing them to be grainy and of very low contrast. To make these images valuable for clinical interpretation, we propose a novel method to remove speckle, while preserving useful information contained in each retinal layer. The process starts with multi-scale despeckling based on a dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DT-CWT). We further enhance the OCT image through a smoothing process that uses a novel adaptive-weighted bilateral filter (AWBF). This offers the desirable property of preserving texture within the OCT image layers. The enhanced OCT image is then segmented to extract inner retinal layers that contain useful information for eye research. Our layer segmentation technique is also performed in the DT-CWT domain. Finally we describe an OCT/fundus image registration algorithm which is helpful when two modalities are used together for diagnosis and for information fusion.
|
['Algorithms', 'Fundus Oculi', 'Humans', 'Image Enhancement', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Optic Nerve', 'Tomography, Optical Coherence', 'Wavelet Analysis']
| 25,034,317
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['A09.371.729.313'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['A08.800.800.120.680'], ['E01.370.350.589.249.500', 'E01.370.350.825.805.500', 'E05.642.249.500'], ['E05.959', 'G17.915', 'L01.224.800.750']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
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Serratia entomophila inoculation causes a defect in exocytosis in Costelytra zealandica larvae.
|
Rapid elimination of midgut luminal proteinase activity and gut clearance are the two major symptoms of amber disease in Costelytra zealandica larvae because of the three-subunit protein toxin complex produced in Serratia entomophila and Serratia proteamaculans. Quantitative PCR analysis of mRNA from the major serine proteinase gene families showed that loss of proteinase activity did not result from transcriptional downregulation. Unexpectedly, protein levels and rates of protein synthesis increased, rather than decreased, in the midgut of diseased insects. Proteomic analysis of midgut tissues showed marked differences between healthy and diseased midguts. Large increases in soluble forms of both actin and tubulin were identified from 2D-gels, together with concurrent decreases in the levels of polymeric actin-associated proteins: actin depolymerizing factor and cyclophilin. These results suggest that the Serratia toxin acts to cause degradation of the cytoskeletal network and prevent secretion of midgut gut digestive proteinases as both the actin cytoskeleton and microtubules are involved in exocytosis. Proteinases synthesized in the diseased midgut must be rapidly degraded because they do not accumulate in an inactive form.
|
['Animals', 'Coleoptera', 'Cytoskeletal Proteins', 'Exocytosis', 'Gastrointestinal Tract', 'Larva', 'Pest Control, Biological', 'Serine Endopeptidases', 'Serratia', 'Time Factors']
| 18,651,919
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.375'], ['D12.776.220'], ['G04.468'], ['A03.556'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['N06.850.780.200.650.650'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350'], ['B03.440.450.425.814', 'B03.660.250.150.720'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Memory disruption by electrical stimulation of substantia nigra, pars compacta.
|
Electrical stimulation of the substantia nigra, pars compacta, of albino rats while they were learning a simple foot shock task of withdrawal and response suppression disrupted retention of that task 24 hours after original learning. Stimulation in the reticular zone of the substantia nigra was without effect on retention performance. Stimulation through electrodes in the medial lemniscus, red nucleus, or brainstem regions surrounding the substantia nigra, pars compacta, was also ineffective. Original learning performance, measured as time to criterion, was unimpaired by the stimulation. Posttrial stimulation in the substantia nigra, pars compacta, but not in adjacent structures, also disrupted retention performance.
|
['Animals', 'Avoidance Learning', 'Brain Stem', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Electrodes, Implanted', 'Male', 'Medulla Oblongata', 'Memory', 'Mesencephalon', 'Rats', 'Red Nucleus', 'Reticular Formation', 'Substantia Nigra', 'Time Factors']
| 4,714,294
|
[['B01.050'], ['F02.463.425.097', 'F02.463.785.373.173'], ['A08.186.211.132'], ['E05.723.402'], ['E07.305.250.319', 'E07.695.202'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.591.500'], ['F02.463.425.540'], ['A08.186.211.132.659'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['A08.186.211.132.659.413.875.642'], ['A08.186.211.132.772'], ['A08.186.211.132.659.413.656'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
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|
[Species diversity and interspecific association in development sequence of Hippophae rhamnoides plantations in Loess hilly region].
|
Based on field investigation, this paper analyzed the characteristics of species diversity and interspecific association at different development stages of Hippophcze rhamnoides plantations. The results showed that the species diversities of shrub layer, grass layer, and whole community of H. rharnnoides plantations were all fluctuated in "S" shape. At different development stages, the species richness and diversity were higher in grass layer than in shruh layer. The shrub species diversity was lower on hare land, but increased gradually with development stage. Shrub evenness index was higher in 13-year forest stand, while grass diversity index was higher in 3-year plantation, lower in 8-year plantation, and higher in 25-year plantation. The positive and negative absolute values of interspecific association between H. rharnnoides and other principal species changed in parabola shape, and the notable degree and the interspecific association intensity were weaker in 13-year plantation, showing that the species substitution rate was slower, competition was less, and community composition and its structure were relatively stable. To improve ecological environment, the H. rhamnoides plantations younger than 13 years old should he given priority to protection, while for those of 25 years old, moderate thinning should be made to promote the regeneration.
|
['Biodiversity', 'Biomass', 'China', 'Desert Climate', 'Ecosystem', 'Hippophae']
| 17,396,492
|
[['G16.500.275.157.049', 'N06.230.124.049'], ['G16.500.275.157.100', 'N06.230.124.100'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['G16.500.275.071.325', 'N06.230.300.100.250.325'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.937.280.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Physico-chemical characterization of Ca-alginate microparticles produced with different methods.
|
In the present paper the physico-chemical characterization of Ca-alginate microparticles produced with different methods is presented. Ca-alginate microparticles were obtained either by emulsification method or by dripping an aqueous alginate solution into a solution of calcium salt. Inverse Size Exclusion Chromatography (ISEC) was used for the determination of dimensions of the pores and porous volume of microparticles having a mean diameter of 220 microm when obtained by emulsification method. The same technique was used to study the variation of the pore size and porous volume with pH. The results were related with the content of calcium and sodium in the microparticles, before and after their treatment with different HCl solutions. For the particles with a mean diameter of 1.2 mm (obtained by dripping method) we adopted an other approach based on the steric exclusion of solute at equilibrium. For a convenient interpretation of the obtained data, determination of water regain, swelling degree, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed. Finally, a comparison of the characteristics of microparticles produced by ionic and epichlorohydrin crosslinkings was made. The maximum dimensions of the pores of the microparticles obtained by emulsification were found smaller than those obtained by other technics. The variation of the dimensions of the pores and porous volume with pH is not significant. The structure of the chemically crosslinked beads with epichlorohydrin is more elastic and the swelling is reversible; after drying and reswelling process, the dimensions of the pores and porous volume of these microparticles remain unchanged. On the opposite, for the microparticles obtained by emulsification or dripping method in the presence of calcium ions, these characteristics are changed after a first drying process.
|
['Alginates', 'Biocompatible Materials', 'Chromatography, Gel', 'Cross-Linking Reagents', 'Emulsions', 'Epichlorohydrin', 'Glucuronic Acid', 'Hexuronic Acids', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Surface Properties', 'Viscosity']
| 10,454,015
|
[['D09.698.068'], ['D25.130', 'D27.720.102.130', 'J01.637.051.130'], ['E05.196.181.400.250'], ['D27.720.470.410.210'], ['D20.280.260', 'D26.255.165.260'], ['D02.355.291.411.400'], ['D02.241.081.844.915.162.249', 'D02.241.152.811.162.500', 'D02.241.511.902.915.162.500', 'D09.811.922.162.500'], ['D02.241.081.844.915.400', 'D02.241.152.811.400', 'D02.241.511.902.915.400', 'D09.811.922.400'], ['G02.300'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['G02.860'], ['G02.930']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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The effect of HLA on immunological response to hepatitis B vaccine in healthy people: a meta-analysis.
|
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Evidence is accumulating that several markers in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region have been associated with decreased or increased antibody response to hepatitis B vaccine in different individuals. This meta-analysis is to assess the associations of HLA class II DRB1 and DQB1 alleles with immunologic response to hepatitis B vaccine in healthy people.METHODS: A systematic review of cohort studies in healthy people was performed. We searched databases for relevant studies that were published in English or Chinese up to February 17, 2012. Odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of HLA alleles response to hepatitis B vaccine were pooled by using of a fixed-effects or random-effects model depending on absence or presence of significant heterogeneity. All statistical tests were two-sided.RESULTS: Fifteen studies were included in this meta-analysis after scanning 774 potentially relevant articles. A total of 2308 subjects (including 1215 responders, 873 nonresponders and 220 control populations) were included. For DRB1 alleles, pooled ORs showed that three HLA variants, DRB1*01, DRB1*1301 and DRB1*15 were associated with a significant increase antibody response to hepatitis B vaccine, their pooled ORs were 2.73, 5.94 and 2.29 respectively. While DRB1 *03 (DRB1*0301), DRB1*04, DRB1*07 and DRB1*1302 were opposite, their pooled ORs were 0.55(0.42), 0.57, 0.24 and 0.25 respectively. And for DQB1 alleles, pooled ORs showed that DQB1*05 (DQB1*0501), DQB1*06, DQB1*0602 were associated with a significant increase antibody response to hepatitis B vaccine. Their merger ORs were 1.85, 2.35, 2.34 and 3.32 respectively. While DQB1*02 (pooled OR=0.27) was adverse. Sensitivity and specificity analysis of HLA alleles showed that DRB1*1301and DQB1*0602 had high specificity (94.2% and 90.1%) but low sensitivity (25.1% and 26.3%), respectively.CONCLUSION: It was suggested that specific HLA class II alleles (DRB1 and DQB1) were associated with antibody response to HepB.
|
['Antibody Formation', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Genetic Variation', 'HLA-DQ beta-Chains', 'HLA-DRB1 Chains', 'Hepatitis B Antibodies', 'Hepatitis B Vaccines', 'Hepatitis B virus', 'Humans', 'Male']
| 23,887,040
|
[['G12.450.050.370.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['G05.365'], ['D12.776.395.550.509.400.430.750', 'D12.776.543.550.440.400.430.750', 'D23.050.301.500.400.400.430.750', 'D23.050.301.500.450.400.430.750', 'D23.050.705.552.410.400.430.750', 'D23.050.705.552.450.400.430.750'], ['D12.776.395.550.509.400.440.200.010', 'D12.776.543.550.440.400.440.200.010', 'D23.050.301.500.400.400.440.200.010', 'D23.050.301.500.450.400.440.333.500', 'D23.050.705.552.410.400.440.200.010', 'D23.050.705.552.450.400.440.333.500'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254.450.504', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254.450.504', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254.450.504'], ['D20.215.894.899.955.400'], ['B04.280.375.650.425', 'B04.450.390.650.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Lack of effects of hypoglycemia on glucose absorption in healthy men.
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OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of hypoglycemia on glucose absorption by examining the systemic appearance of 3-OMG (a glucose analogue that is transported by the same mechanism as glucose) after oral administration.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Six healthy males 22-31 yr of age were studied during a hypoglycemic (50 mg [2.7 mM]/100 ml) and a euglycemic (90 mg [5.0 mM]/100 ml) glucose clamp. At 50 min after exposure to insulin, an oral glucose load containing 20 g of glucose and 4.5 g of 3-OMG dissolved in 300 ml of tap water was administered. Insulin administration was interrupted 30 min after oral glucose administration.RESULTS: Plasma glucose was clamped at 88 +/- 1.3 mg (4.9 +/- 0.1 mM)/100 ml during euglycemia and at 50 +/- 1.9 mg (2.7 +/- 0.1 mM)/100 ml during hypoglycemia. Concentrations of glucagon, growth hormone, cortisol, and epinephrine were significantly elevated during hypoglycemia. After 60 min, circulating 3-OMG concentrations increased to zeniths of 11.4 +/- 0.2 mg (585 +/- 10.0 mM)/100 ml (hypoglycemia) and 11.6 +/- 1.1 mg (585 +/- 56.0 microM)/100 ml (euglycemia; P = 0.95). Absorption of 3-OMG was evident between 15 and 20 min after administrations in both situations. Serum insulin was significantly lower during hypoglycemia compared with the control situation (345 +/- 50 microM [hypoglycemia], 445 +/- 50 microM [euglycemia], P = 0.03).CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that hypoglycemia does not seem to affect intestinal absorption of glucose as judged by systemic appearance of 3-OMG.
|
['3-O-Methylglucose', 'Adult', 'Blood Glucose', 'Glucose', 'Glucose Clamp Technique', 'Humans', 'Hypoglycemia', 'Insulin', 'Intestinal Absorption', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Methylglucosides', 'Reference Values', 'Time Factors']
| 1,425,086
|
[['D09.408.348.500.500', 'D09.408.514.622.500'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.350', 'E05.196.500', 'E05.200.124.100.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.984'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['G03.015.500.374.500', 'G03.787.024.500.374.500', 'G07.203.650.372.500', 'G07.690.725.015.500.374.500', 'G10.261.353.500'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D09.408.348.500', 'D09.408.514.622'], ['E05.978.810'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Clinical and roentgenological profiles and etiological correlations of encysted pleural effusions.
|
One hundred and thirty-six cases of encysted pleural effusions were studied and investigated to reach an etiological diagnosis. The clinical profile of encysted pleural effusions differed little from that of free pleural effusions. Of the four sites of encystments seen (costoparietal, interlobar, subpulmonic, and mediastinal), costoparietal effusions were the commonest and resulted most often from infections. Interlobar encystments came next in frequency and most often resulted from congestive cardiac failure. Of the various causes of encysted pleural effusions, tuberculosis was the commonest, followed by pyogenic infection and congestive cardiac failure, in this order. Conventional radiographic techniques were adequate in diagnosing most cases of encysted pleural effusions.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Cysts', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pleural Effusion', 'Radiography']
| 2,359,895
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C04.182', 'C23.300.306'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C08.528.652'], ['E01.370.350.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
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|
Identifying Clinically Significant Irritability in Early Childhood.
|
OBJECTIVE: Advances in developmentally sensitive measurement have enabled differentiation of normative versus clinically salient irritability in early childhood. However, clinical application of these measures is still nascent. The authors developed an optimized model of clinically salient irritable behaviors at preschool age. Based on this model, the authors derived an empirically based cutoff in relation to concurrent DSM-5 irritability-related disorders (i.e., oppositional defiant disorder, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, other depressive disorders) and used longitudinal models to test the predictive validity of the cutoff for impairment and irritability trajectories and later DSM disorders.METHOD: Preschool children oversampled for irritability were followed over 3 time points into early school age (N = 425; mean age at baseline 4.7 years, mean follow-up 2.9 years). Mothers reported on children's irritability using the developmentally validated Multidimensional Assessment of Profile of Disruptive Behavior (MAP-DB) Temper Loss scale, impairment using the Family Life Impairment Scale, and DSM categories using the Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment and the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime Version.RESULTS: Of 22 MAP-DB Temper Loss behaviors, 2 behaviors-1 normative (easily frustrated) and 1 rare dysregulated (destructive tantrums)-were uniquely related to cross-domain impairment. At baseline, these 2 irritability items identified diagnostic status (oppositional defiant disorder, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, other depressive disorders) with good sensitivity (70-73%) and specificity (74-83%). Children above the irritability cutoff at baseline also exhibited more persistent irritability and impairment and greater likelihood of DSM disorders in early school age.CONCLUSION: Clinical identification of early-onset irritability can be enhanced using brief, developmentally optimized indicators. Further research to apply these findings to tiered early intervention is important.
|
['Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Irritable Mood', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Problem Behavior', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales']
| 29,496,128
|
[['F03.625.094'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.470.047.110'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['F01.145.126.972', 'F01.145.179.750'], ['F04.711.513.653']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Endoscopic sclerotherapy in acute variceal hemorrhage.
|
Acute variceal hemorrhage in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and poor liver function is associated with a high mortality. A nonoperative treatment, endoscopic sclerotherapy, was employed in 22 patients with cirrhosis and poor liver function who had 24 episodes of acute variceal hemorrhage over a 20 month period. Portal hypertension was secondary to alcoholic cirrhosis in 21 patients and cystic fibrosis in 1 patient. Of the 24 patient admissions, 21 were of patients in Child's class C and 3 were class B. Endoscopic sclerotherapy was performed under endotracheal general anesthesia using a modified Negus rigid esophagoscope. The sclerosant (5 percent sodium morrhuate) was injected into all visible varices near the gastroesophageal junction using a MacBeth needle. Definitive control of variceal hemorrhage for the entire hospitalization was achieved in 19 of 24 admissions (79 percent). The in-hospital mortality for acute variceal bleeding was 29 percent; 81 percent of the patients were discharged after control of hemorrhage. There were two major and five minor complications related to sclerotherapy. Based on this preliminary experience it is concluded that injection sclerotherapy controls bleeding and reduces mortality associated with acute variceal hemorrhage in patients with poor liver function.
|
['Adult', 'Esophageal and Gastric Varices', 'Esophagoscopy', 'Female', 'Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Portal', 'Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Sclerosing Solutions']
| 6,970,002
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C06.405.117.240', 'C06.552.494.414'], ['E01.370.372.250.250.275', 'E01.370.388.250.250.250.260', 'E04.210.240.250.260', 'E04.502.250.250.250.260'], ['C06.405.227', 'C23.550.414.788'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.552.494'], ['C06.552.630.380', 'C06.552.645.590', 'C23.550.355.412.380', 'C25.775.100.087.645.550'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D26.776.708.822', 'D27.505.954.411.700', 'D27.505.954.578.822', 'D27.720.752.822']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Genomic and transcriptomic plasticity in treatment-naive ovarian cancer.
|
Intra-tumor heterogeneity is a hallmark of many cancers and may lead to therapy resistance or interfere with personalized treatment strategies. Here, we combined topographic mapping of somatic breakpoints and transcriptional profiling to probe intra-tumor heterogeneity of treatment-na?ve stage IIIC/IV epithelial ovarian cancer. We observed that most substantial differences in genomic rearrangement landscapes occurred between metastases in the omentum and peritoneum versus tumor sites in the ovaries. Several cancer genes such as NF1, CDKN2A, and FANCD2 were affected by lesion-specific breakpoints. Furthermore, the intra-tumor variability involved different mutational hallmarks including lesion-specific kataegis (local mutation shower coinciding with genomic breakpoints), rearrangement classes, and coding mutations. In one extreme case, we identified two independent TP53 mutations in ovary tumors and omentum/peritoneum metastases, respectively. Examination of gene expression dynamics revealed up-regulation of key cancer pathways including WNT, integrin, chemokine, and Hedgehog signaling in only subsets of tumor samples from the same patient. Finally, we took advantage of the multilevel tumor analysis to understand the effects of genomic breakpoints on qualitative and quantitative gene expression changes. We show that intra-tumor gene expression differences are caused by site-specific genomic alterations, including formation of in-frame fusion genes. These data highlight the plasticity of ovarian cancer genomes, which may contribute to their strong capacity to adapt to changing environmental conditions and give rise to the high rate of recurrent disease following standard treatment regimes.
|
['Aged', 'Chromosome Aberrations', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16', 'Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group D2 Protein', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Genome, Human', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Neurofibromatosis 1', 'Omentum', 'Oncogene Proteins, Fusion', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Peritoneum', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53']
| 24,221,193
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.210', 'G05.365.590.175'], ['D12.644.360.225.200', 'D12.776.167.187.200', 'D12.776.476.225.200', 'D12.776.624.776.355.200'], ['D12.776.313.812', 'D12.776.660.285', 'D12.776.744.484'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308.370'], ['G05.360.340.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['E01.789.625'], ['C04.557.580.600.580.590.650', 'C04.700.631.650', 'C10.562.600.500', 'C10.574.500.549.400', 'C10.668.829.675', 'C16.320.400.560.400', 'C16.320.700.633.650'], ['A01.923.047.025.600.573'], ['D12.776.602.500.500', 'D12.776.624.664.500'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['A01.923.047.025.600', 'A10.615.789.596'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Local inhibition of organic cation transporters increases extracellular serotonin in the medial hypothalamus.
|
In the rat dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH), serotonin (5-HT) concentrations are altered rapidly in response to acute stressors. The mechanism for rapid changes in 5-HT concentrations in the DMH is not clear. We hypothesize that the mechanism involves corticosteroid-induced alterations in the uptake of 5-HT from extracellular fluid through the action of corticosterone-sensitive organic cation transporters (OCTs). To determine if OCTs affect the clearance of 5-HT from the extracellular fluid compartment within the medial hypothalamus (MH), the OCT blocker, decynium 22 (0, 10, 30, or 100 microM), was perfused into the MH via a microdialysis probe, and dialysate 5-HT concentrations were measured at 20 min intervals. In addition, home cage behavior was measured both before and after drug administration. Inhibition of OCTs in the MH resulted in a reversible dose-dependent increase in extracellular 5-HT concentration. Increases in extracellular 5-HT concentrations were associated with increases in grooming behavior in rats treated with the highest concentration of decynium 22. No other behavioral responses were observed following administration of any concentration of decynium 22. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that OCTs in the MH play an important role in the regulation of serotonergic neurotransmission and specific behavioral responses. Because the MH plays an important role in the neuroendocrine, autonomic, and behavioral responses to stress-related stimuli, these data lead to new questions regarding the role of interactions between corticosterone and corticosterone-sensitive OCTs in stress-induced 5-HT accumulation within the MH as well as the physiological and behavioral consequences of these interactions.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Extracellular Fluid', 'Grooming', 'Hypothalamus, Middle', 'Male', 'Microdialysis', 'Organic Cation Transport Proteins', 'Quinolines', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Serotonin', 'Statistics, Nonparametric']
| 16,266,691
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['A11.284.295.260', 'A12.207.270'], ['F01.145.113.111.453'], ['A08.186.211.180.497.352', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352'], ['E05.196.353.500'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.250.812', 'D12.776.157.530.937.612', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.812', 'D12.776.543.585.937.701'], ['D03.633.100.810'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D02.092.211.215.801.852', 'D03.633.100.473.914.814', 'D23.469.050.650'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Photochemical Anti-Fouling Approach for Electrochemical Pollutant Degradation on Facet-Tailored TiO2
|
Electrochemical degradation of refractory pollutants at low bias before oxygen evolution exhibits high current efficiency and low energy consumption, but its severe electrode fouling largely limits practical applications. In this work, a new antifouling strategy was developed and validated for electrochemical pollutant degradation by photochemical oxidation on facet-tailored {001}-exposed TiO2 single crystals. Electrode fouling from anodic polymers at a low bias was greatly relieved by the free ·OH-mediated photocatalysis under UV irradiation, thus efficient and stable degradation of bisphenol A, a typical environmental endocrine disrupter, and treatment of landfill leachate were accomplished without remarkable oxygen evolution in synergistic photoassisted electrochemical system. Electrochemical and spectroscopic measurements indicated a clean electrode surface during cyclic pollutant degradation. Such a photochemical antifouling strategy for low-bias anodic pollutants degradation was mainly attributed to the improved electric conductivity and excellent electrochemical and photochemical activities of tailored TiO2 anodic material, whose unique properties originated from the favorable surface atomic and electronic structures of high-energy {001} polar facet and single-crystalline structure. Our work opens up a brand new approach to develop catalytic systems for efficient degradation of refractory contaminants in water and wastewater.
|
['Electrodes', 'Titanium', 'Waste Water', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical', 'Water Purification']
| 28,891,634
|
[['E07.305.250'], ['D01.268.557.800', 'D01.268.956.878', 'D01.552.547.800'], ['D20.944.932', 'N06.850.460.710.865'], ['D27.888.284.903.655'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.900.900', 'N06.850.860.510.900.900']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Microbial colonization is required for normal neurobehavioral development in zebrafish.
|
Changes in resident microbiota may have wide-ranging effects on human health. We investigated whether early life microbial disruption alters neurodevelopment and behavior in larval zebrafish. Conventionally colonized, axenic, and axenic larvae colonized at 1 day post fertilization (dpf) were evaluated using a standard locomotor assay. At 10 dpf, axenic zebrafish exhibited hyperactivity compared to conventionalized and conventionally colonized controls. Impairment of host colonization using antibiotics also caused hyperactivity in conventionally colonized larvae. To determine whether there is a developmental requirement for microbial colonization, axenic embryos were serially colonized on 1, 3, 6, or 9 dpf and evaluated on 10 dpf. Normal activity levels were observed in axenic larvae colonized on 1-6 dpf, but not on 9 dpf. Colonization of axenic embryos at 1 dpf with individual bacterial species Aeromonas veronii or Vibrio cholerae was sufficient to block locomotor hyperactivity at 10 dpf. Exposure to heat-killed bacteria or microbe-associated molecular patterns pam3CSK4 or Poly(I:C) was not sufficient to block hyperactivity in axenic larvae. These data show that microbial colonization during early life is required for normal neurobehavioral development and support the concept that antibiotics and other environmental chemicals may exert neurobehavioral effects via disruption of host-associated microbial communities.
|
['Aeromonas veronii', 'Animals', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Embryo, Nonmammalian', 'Gastrointestinal Microbiome', 'Larva', 'Locomotion', 'Nervous System', 'Vibrio cholerae', 'Zebrafish']
| 28,894,128
|
[['B03.440.450.019.025.845'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['F01.145.113'], ['A13.350', 'A16.331'], ['G06.591.375', 'G16.500.275.157.049.100.500.375', 'N06.230.124.049.100.500.250'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['G07.568.500', 'G11.427.410.568'], ['A08'], ['B03.440.450.900.859.225', 'B03.660.250.830.830.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.200.244.828']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The Cotton Rat as a Model for Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization in humans: cotton rat S. aureus nasal colonization model.
|
Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization is a well-known risk factor for development of S.aureus infections in humans, but despite this established association, we are only beginning to understand the factors, both host and pathogen, that play a role in the colonization of the nares by S. aureus. The cotton rat is a model for many human respiratory pathogens and has proved its utility as a robust model for S. aureus nasal colonization. In this animal model, S. aureus is instilled in the nostrils of adult cotton rats, the bacteria rapidly colonize, and 7 days later S. aureus nasal colonization is enumerated by surgical removal of the nose and recovery of the colonizing S. aureus. This model is an excellent animal model to allow for the evaluation of the efficacy of various therapies, including semi-solid formulations, for determination of their ability to eradicate S. aureus nasal colonization. Further, the cotton rat model allows for assessment of the ability of defined genetic mutants of S. aureus to colonize mucosal surfaces. Finally, this model has demonstrated its utility for the assessment of various antigens as vaccine candidates to protect against S. aureus nasal colonization. This chapter will discuss in detail the method to establish nasal colonization, treatment and eradication of colonization, and recovery of the colonizing bacteria from the nose.
|
['Animals', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Humans', 'Nose', 'Rats', 'Staphylococcal Infections', 'Staphylococcus aureus', 'Time Factors']
| 18,287,761
|
[['B01.050'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.456.505.733', 'A04.531', 'A09.531'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['C01.150.252.410.868'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Assessment of cervical lymph node metastasis in esophageal carcinoma using ultrasonography.
|
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of ultrasonography for the diagnosis of cervical lymph node metastasis in esophageal carcinoma.SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Ultrasound (US) examination is useful for diagnosing lymph node metastasis. However, few reports have examined its role in the decision to perform cervical lymph node dissection in esophageal carcinoma.METHODS: Ultrasound examination was performed to evaluate cervical lymph node metastasis in 519 patients with esophageal carcinoma. The patients were divided into 5 groups according to treatment received: group 1, 153 patients who underwent curative resection of primary tumor by right thoracotomy and complete bilateral cervical lymphadenectomy; group 2, 112 patients who underwent curative resection of primary tumor by right thoracotomy but without cervical lymphadenectomy; group 3, 78 patients who underwent esophagectomy by left thoracotomy or blunt dissection with or without removal of cervical lymph nodes; group 4, 76 patients with palliative resection without cervical lymphadenectomy; and group 5, 100 patients without any surgical treatment. US diagnosis was compared with histologic findings or cervical lymph node recurrence.RESULTS: Lymph node metastasis was detected in 30.8% of patients (160/519). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of US diagnosis in group 1 were 74.5%, 94.1%, and 87.6%, respectively. Cervical lymph node recurrence was seen in 7 patients (4.6%) in group 1, in 4 patients (3.6%) in group 2, and 3 patients (3.8%) in group 3. Although the incidence of cervical lymph node metastasis as determined by US examination was high in groups 4 and 5, almost none of the patients died of cervical lymph node metastasis.CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound examination plays a useful role in the decision to perform cervical lymph node dissection in patients with esophageal carcinoma, particularly in those with potentially curative dissection.
|
['Esophageal Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Neck', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Ultrasonography']
| 9,923,801
|
[['C04.588.274.476.205', 'C04.588.443.353', 'C06.301.371.205', 'C06.405.117.430', 'C06.405.249.205'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['A01.598'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Evaluation of Sepsis Flow Chip for identification of Gram-negative bacilli and detection of antimicrobial resistance genes directly from positive blood cultures.
|
Blood stream infections are serious conditions associated with high morbi-mortality. In this study, the new Sepsis Flow Chip (SFC) assay for identification of Gram-negative bacteria and their antimicrobial resistance genes was evaluated in positive blood cultures (BCs). SFC is a microarray with a broad panel comprising the most frequent causative agents of sepsis and antimicrobial resistance genes associated with them. A total of 100 prospective BCs, positive for Gram-negative bacilli, were assessed in the routine of the clinical microbiology laboratory and also applying the SFC assay. Moreover, 19 BCs spiked with well-characterized enterobacterial isolates, harboring antimicrobial resistance genes, were analyzed by the latter. Among the monomicrobial BCs (90), the concordance between SFC identification and the reference method was 94.4%; however, it achieved 100% when SFC was combined with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry after 4-h incubation. Regarding polymicrobial BCs (10), 15 out of the 22 bacteria present (68.2%) were correctly identified, including all contained in 50% of the cultures. With regard to antimicrobial resistance genes, 98.8%, 98.9%, and 99% concordance was obtained for blaCTX-M, blaOXA-48, and blaVIM, respectively, in comparison with polymerase chain reaction amplification. SFC assay gives results in only 4 h and showed a high concordance rate with the reference method. Although further evaluation studies are necessary, SFC assay implementation, together with antimicrobial stewardship programs, could contribute to improve the therapeutic approaches and to reduce the morbi-mortality, length of hospital stay, and healthcare-associated costs in patients with sepsis.
|
['Blood Culture', 'Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections', 'Humans', 'Microarray Analysis', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Molecular Diagnostic Techniques', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Sepsis', 'Time Factors']
| 29,551,362
|
[['E01.370.225.875.185', 'E05.200.875.185'], ['C01.150.252.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.588.570'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['E01.370.225.880', 'E05.200.880', 'E05.393.520'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C01.757', 'C23.550.470.790.500'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
1-C-glucuronidation of N-nitrosodiethylamine and N-nitrosomethyl-n-pentylamine in vivo and in primary hepatocytes from rats pretreated with inducers.
|
The organ specificity of the carcinogenic action of nitrosamines is partly explained by organ specific activation. The specificity might also be determined by conjugation of reactive intermediates in e.g. the liver. 14C-Labeled N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) a liver carcinogen and N-nitrosomethyl-n-pentylamine (NMPentA) which induces esophageal and nasal tumors were administered to rats or incubated with primary cells. Urine and cell extracts were separated by HPLC after addition of synthetic marker glucuronides and these were quantified by liquid scintillation counting. In urine of rats treated with NDEA 0.03% of administered nitrosamine was recovered as the O-glucuronide derived from N-nitroso-1-hydroxyethylethylamine. In rats treated with NMPentA 2.86% was metabolized to the glucuronide at the methyl group. In hepatocytes of untreated rats 0.03% of the added NDEA was conjugated to the glucuronide, phenobarbital pretreatment induced this conjugation reaction 5-fold. Hepatocytes from untreated rats metabolized 1.2% of NMPentA to the primary glucuronide; after phenobarbital pretreatment this value increased to 1.6%. In hepatocytes from 3-methylcholanthrene-pretreated rats, 0.04% of NMPentA was metabolized to the glucuronide derived from N-nitroso-1-hydroxy-n-pentyl-methylamine, while 0.85% was derived from N-nitroso-hydroxymethyl-n-pentylamine. In hepatocytes from Aroclor-pretreated rats, 0.09% were pentyl conjugates and 1.1% methyl conjugates. The induction pattern and organ specificity of glucuronidation indicate that all three 1-hydroxy nitrosamines are conjugated by group II phenobarbital inducible UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activity. The lipophilicity of a nitrosamine seems to determine the extent of glucuronidation in hepatocytes and in vivo. No glucuronides derived from either NDEA or NMPentA were detectable in incubations with kidney cells, nor was the glucuronide of NDEA found in incubations with whole bladders.
|
['Animals', 'Aroclors', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Diethylnitrosamine', 'Enzyme Induction', 'Glucuronates', 'Glucuronosyltransferase', 'Male', 'Methylcholanthrene', 'Microsomes, Liver', 'Nitrosamines', 'Organ Specificity', 'Phenobarbital', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Substrate Specificity', 'Urinary Bladder']
| 1,587,001
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.309.750.500', 'D02.455.526.439.773.292', 'D02.455.526.439.785.292'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D02.654.442.200'], ['G05.308.320.200'], ['D02.241.081.844.915.162', 'D02.241.152.811.162', 'D02.241.511.902.915.162', 'D09.811.922.162'], ['D08.811.913.400.450.480'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.149.500', 'D04.615.149.500'], ['A11.284.835.540.541'], ['D02.654.442'], ['G07.650'], ['D03.383.742.698.253.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['G02.111.835'], ['A05.810.890']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Plasma miR-126 expression correlates with risk and severity of psoriasis and its high level at baseline predicts worse response to Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F in combination with acitretin.
|
BACKGROUND: Treatment of psoriasis is always difficult, which requires intensive scientific research.OBJECTIVE: Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF) with acitretin(TwHF + acitretin) is normally used in treating psoriasis. This study aimed to investigate the correlation of plasma miR-126 expression with risk and severity of psoriasis, and its predictive value of response to TwHF + acitretin treatment in psoriasis.METHODS: MiRNA-126(MiR-126) expression in plasma was analyzed in psoriasis patients at month 0 (M0), M1, M3 and M6 and in health controls (HCs) at enrollment by qPCR. Psoriasis-affected body surface area (BSA) and Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score were used to assess severity and treatment response.RESULTS: Plasma miR-126 levels were decreased in psoriasis patients compared with HCs (P < 0.001), with area under the curve (AUC) of 0.771. MiR-126 expression was negatively correlated with PASI score (P = 0.001), and negatively associated with psoriasis-affected BSA (P = 0.825). At M6, 65.3% and 36.1% patients achieved PASI 50 and 75, respectively. MiR-126 increased at M1, M3 and M6 after TwHF + acitretin treatment when comparing with M0 (all P < 0.001). Meanwhile, miR-126 expression baseline in PASI 50 group declined when comparing with non-PASI 50 group (P < 0.001). Additionally, data revealed that the cause of high miR-126 baseline level was due to unsuccessfully achieving PASI 50 at M6 after TwHF + acitretin treatment (P < 0.001). However, miR-126 baseline expression was not a predictive factor for PASI 75 achievement (P > 0.05).CONCLUSION: Plasma miR-126 expression is negatively correlated with psoriasis risk and severity, and its high baseline level can be used as a biomarker to predict worse clinical response to TwHF + acitretin treatment in psoriasis.
|
['Acitretin', 'Adult', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Humans', 'Keratolytic Agents', 'Male', 'MicroRNAs', 'Middle Aged', 'Plant Extracts', 'Psoriasis', 'Risk Factors', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Tripterygium']
| 31,100,542
|
[['D02.455.326.271.665.202.495.050', 'D02.455.849.131.495.050', 'D23.767.261.700.050'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G05.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.954.444.400'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['C17.800.859.675'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.500.750.788']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Blood pressure related separately to parenchymal fibrosis and vasculopathy of the kidney.
|
The term nephrosclerosis is customarily used to designate a pathological entity that tends to characterize subjects with high blood pressure; it refers to a condition of diffuse fibrous replacement of renal substance secondary to ischemia from hypertension-related vascular injury. The features of parenchymal fibrosis can be distinguished from those of vasculopathies in tissue sections, parenchymal fibrosis being measured by assessing the degree of interstitial fibrosis and by counting obsolete glomeruli, while vasculopathies are measured by determining arterial intimal fibroplasia and by counting hyalinized arterioles. A series of 166 autopsies in subjects aged 25 to 92 years, selected because ample documentation of blood pressure was available, was assessed. One form of vasculopathy, arterial fibroplasia, is a better correlate of high blood pressure than is parenchymal fibrosis in this body of data. Cases with much vasculopathy and little parenchymal fibrosis occurred frequently, and these subjects were usually hypertensive. Cases with little vasculopathy and much parenchymal fibrosis were also encountered, but these subjects were usually not hypertensive. The suggested conclusion is that blood pressure relates less to the renoprival state of nephron loss than it does to renal ischemia in patients with nephrosclerosis.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Blood Pressure', 'Fibrosis', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Renovascular', 'Kidney', 'Middle Aged', 'Nephrosclerosis', 'Vascular Diseases']
| 1,496,964
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['C23.550.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.331.490', 'C13.351.968.419.331.490', 'C14.907.489.631.485'], ['A05.810.453'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C12.777.419.610', 'C13.351.968.419.610'], ['C14.907']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Using natural clinoptilolite zeolite as an amendment in vermicomposting of food waste.
|
The effect of adding different proportions of natural clinoptilolite zeolite (5 and 10%) to food waste vermicomposting was investigated by assessing the physicochemical characteristics, worms' growth, and maturation time of finished vermicompost in comparison with the vermicompost prepared with no amendment (control). Vermicomposting was performed in 18 plastic containers for 70 days. The experimental results showed that the carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratios were 15.85, 10.75, and 8.94 for 5 and 10% zeolite concentration and control after 70 days, respectively. The addition of zeolite could facilitate organic matter degradation and increase the total nitrogen content by adsorption of ammonium ions. Increasing the proportion of zeolite from 0% (control) to 10% decreased the ammonia escape by 25% in the final vermicompost. The natural zeolite significantly reduced the electrical conductivity (EC). At the end of the process, salinity uptake efficiency was 39.23% for 5% zeolite treatment and 45.23% for 10% zeolite treatment. The pH values at 5 and 10% zeolite-amended treatments were 7.31 and 7.57, respectively, in comparison to 7.10 in the control. The maturation time at the end of vermicomposting decreased with increasing zeolite concentration. The vermicompost containing 5 and 10% zeolite matured in 49 and 42 days, respectively, in comparison to 56 days for the control. With the use of an initial ten immature Eisenia fetida worms, the number of mature worms in the 10% zeolite treatment was 26 more than that in the 5% zeolite treatment (21 worms) and 9 more than that in the control treatment (17 worms). Significantly, natural zeolite showed a beneficial effect on the characteristics of the end-product when used in the vermicomposting of food waste.
|
['Animals', 'Carbon', 'Composting', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Garbage', 'Iran', 'Nitrogen', 'Oligochaeta', 'Population Dynamics', 'Zeolites']
| 29,860,684
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.268.150'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.700.500', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.200'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['N06.850.860.510.900.600.400'], ['Z01.252.245.500.350'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['B01.050.500.091.657'], ['I01.240.600', 'N01.224.625', 'N06.850.505.400.700'], ['D01.056.050.075.975', 'D01.578.725.025.975', 'D01.650.550.050.075.975', 'D01.837.725.700.760.050.950']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[Biological assessment of sintered titanium alloy for dental crown and bridge by means of slip casting].
|
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the biological safety of sintered titanium alloy for dental crown and bridge, and provide a sound scientific basis for dental clinical practice.METHODS: A series of tests, including acute toxicity test, cytotoxity test (agar overlay), sensitization test, oral mucous membrane irritation test, haemolysis test and micronucleus test were conducted to examine the dental crown/bridge-used titanium alloy which is processed with vacuum-sintered powder metallurgy.RESULTS: The haemolysis rate of this material was 2.21% (less than 5%), an index of good blood compatibility. Cytotoxic effect was not observed in cell culture, nor was toxic effect observed in mouse toxicity test. Local mucous membrane irritation reaction was not found. No potential mutagenicity of this material was noted.CONCLUSION: Dental crown/bridge-used titanium alloy material is of reliable was noted biological safety in dental clinical application.
|
['Animals', 'Cricetinae', 'Crowns', 'Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic', 'Dental Alloys', 'Dental Casting Technique', 'Dental Porcelain', 'Denture, Partial', 'Female', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Micronucleus Tests', 'Titanium']
| 12,600,101
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['E06.780.346.250', 'E07.695.190.088'], ['E01.370.225.812.160', 'E05.200.812.160', 'E05.478.594.160', 'E05.940.245'], ['D25.339.208', 'J01.637.051.339.208'], ['E06.780.250', 'E06.912.115'], ['D25.339.376', 'J01.637.051.339.376', 'J01.637.153.377'], ['E06.780.346.760.943', 'E07.695.190.200.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E05.393.560.598'], ['D01.268.557.800', 'D01.268.956.878', 'D01.552.547.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
An investigation using lectins of glycocomponents of mouse spermatozoa during capacitation and sperm-zona binding.
|
Ten different lectins conjugated to fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) were used to study the distribution of surface carbohydrates on mouse spermatozoa, and to monitor the possible changes of their distribution during capacitation in vitro and sperm-egg interaction. Most of the lectins gave a restricted pattern of binding to fixed or unfixed epididymal spermatozoa. Binding was highly specific because no staining occurred in the presence of appropriate monosaccharides. Binding of UEA I, DBA and Con A was unaffected by the type of fixative used, but it was influenced by mild centrifugation. While unwashed spermatozoa showed binding mainly over the acrosomal cap and equatorial or postacrosomal regions, spermatozoa washed by mild centrifugation showed a change in the staining of the equatorial segment. Binding of 5 different lectins to spermatozoa did not change during capacitation in vitro. In contrast, capacitated spermatozoa bound to the zona pellucida exhibited a UEA I binding pattern which was strikingly different from that of the capacitated but unbound spermatozoa. We conclude that glycocomponents of specific regions of mouse spermatozoa do not change dramatically during capacitation, but do alter significantly during binding to the zona pellucida.
|
['Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'Carbohydrates', 'Cell Wall', 'Female', 'Lectins', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Sperm Capacitation', 'Sperm-Ovum Interactions', 'Spermatozoa']
| 3,598,974
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D09'], ['A11.284.183'], ['D12.776.503'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['G08.686.784.277.760'], ['G08.686.784.277.800'], ['A05.360.490.890', 'A11.497.760']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas: a rare and probably misdiagnosed neoplasm.
|
Solid Pseudopapillary Tumor of the pancreas is a rare nonfunctioning tumor. It is considered a low-grade malignancy that is apparently curable with surgical complete excision in most instances. We present a case of solid pseudopapillary pancreatic tumor that represented a challenge to the radiologists. This case highlights its possible various appearances and the need to the radiologist to be familiar with them.
|
['Adult', 'Carcinoma, Papillary', 'Diagnostic Errors', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms']
| 22,470,804
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C04.557.470.200.360', 'C04.557.470.700.360'], ['E01.354', 'N02.421.450.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Dynamics and Stabilization of the Human Gut Microbiome during the First Year of Life.
|
The gut microbiota is central to human health, but its establishment in early life has not been quantitatively and functionally examined. Applying metagenomic analysis on fecal samples from a large cohort of Swedish infants and their mothers, we characterized the gut microbiome during the first year of life and assessed the impact of mode of delivery and feeding on its establishment. In contrast to vaginally delivered infants, the gut microbiota of infants delivered by C-section showed significantly less resemblance to their mothers. Nutrition had a major impact on early microbiota composition and function, with cessation of breast-feeding, rather than introduction of solid food, being required for maturation into an adult-like microbiota. Microbiota composition and ecological network had distinctive features at each sampled stage, in accordance with functional maturation of the microbiome. Our findings establish a framework for understanding the interplay between the gut microbiome and the human body in early life.
|
['Adult', 'Breast Feeding', 'Delivery, Obstetric', 'Feces', 'Gastrointestinal Microbiome', 'Gastrointestinal Tract', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Metagenomics', 'Microbiota', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Sweden']
| 25,974,306
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.407.199', 'G07.203.650.195', 'G07.203.650.220.500.500', 'G07.203.650.353.199'], ['E04.520.252'], ['A12.459'], ['G06.591.375', 'G16.500.275.157.049.100.500.375', 'N06.230.124.049.100.500.250'], ['A03.556'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['H01.158.273.343.350.261'], ['G06.591', 'G16.500.275.157.049.100.500', 'N06.230.124.049.100.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['Z01.542.816.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Dental service mix among older adults aged 65 and over, United States, 1999 and 2009.
|
OBJECTIVES: The oral health of older Americans will assume increasing importance because of their increasing numbers and the evolving connections between oral health and general health. To establish a baseline and provide data for oral health workforce models, this report describes the types of dental procedures received by US adults 65 years and older in 2009 and looks at trends since 1999.METHODS: Data for this analysis came from the 1999 and 2009 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. The primary outcome variable represented the types of dental procedures that were received during a dental visit in the preceding year. Descriptive variables included dental insurance and poverty status. Analysis was restricted to adults aged 65 and over.RESULTS: In 2009, diagnostic and preventive procedures accounted for almost three-quarters of all services. Compared with services received by those with private insurance, there were significantly fewer diagnostic and endodontic procedures among those with public coverage. Between 1999 and 2009, the proportion of preventive services significantly increased, whereas the proportion of restorative and endodontic services significantly decreased. Also, the likelihood of receiving preventive procedures increased, whereas the probability of receiving restorative or endodontic services decreased.CONCLUSIONS: Findings point to a shift in the mix of dental services received by older adults during the two periods. The predominance of diagnostic and preventive procedures has important access and workforce implications. An expanded role for dental hygienists in helping to meet the oral health needs of older adults is possible given a hygienist's current scope of practice.
|
['Aged', 'Dental Health Services', 'Humans', 'Insurance, Dental', 'Poverty', 'United States']
| 24,428,804
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['N02.421.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.450'], ['I01.880.735.634', 'I01.880.853.996.535', 'N01.824.600'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Clinical presentation and initial management of black men and white men with prostate cancer in the United Kingdom: the PROCESS cohort study.
|
BACKGROUND: In the United States, Black men have a higher risk of prostate cancer and worse survival than do White men, but it is unclear whether this is because of differences in diagnosis and management. We re-examined these differences in the United Kingdom, where health care is free and unlikely to vary by socioeconomic status.METHODS: This study is a population-based retrospective cohort study of men diagnosed with prostate cancer with data on ethnicity, prognostic factors, and clinical care. A Delphi panel considered the appropriateness of investigations and treatments received.RESULTS: At diagnosis, Black men had similar clinical stage and Gleason scores but higher age-adjusted prostate-specific antigen levels (geometric mean ratio 1.41, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.15-1.73). Black men underwent more investigations and were more likely to undergo radical treatment, although this was largely explained by their younger age. Even after age adjustment, Black men were more likely to undergo a bone scan (odds ratio 1.37, 95% CI: 1.05-1.80). The Delphi analysis did not suggest differential management by ethnicity.CONCLUSIONS: This UK-based study comparing Black men with White men found no evidence of differences in disease characteristics at the time of prostate cancer diagnosis, nor of under-investigation or under-treatment in Black men.
|
['African Continental Ancestry Group', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cohort Studies', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Prostate-Specific Antigen', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Retrospective Studies', 'United Kingdom']
| 19,935,788
|
[['M01.686.508.100'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.625'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.442.750', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.442.750', 'D12.776.866.249.500', 'D23.050.285.625', 'D23.101.140.625'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['Z01.542.363']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Protamine increases the affinity of 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate toward a sulfotransferase from chicken embryo epiphyseal cartilage.
|
A 3' -phosphoadenosine 5' -phosphosulfate (PAPS):chondroitin sulfate sulfotransferase from chicken embryo epiphyseal cartilage, which was partially purified, exhibited a molecular mass of 150 kDa. The enzymatic sulfation of totally desulfated chondroitin was activated up to 12-fold by protamine while the sulfation of partially sulfated chondroitin was activated only 3-fold. Protamine increased the affinity of the enzyme for PAPS about 4-fold when partially desulfated chondroitin was used as sulfate acceptor. The S 0.5 for the totally desulfated chondroitin was not affected by protamine, while high PAPS concentration slightly increased the affinity of the enzyme for the same sulfate acceptor. The possible role of these substances in the regulation of the sulfation of chondroitin sulfate is discussed.
|
['Adenine Nucleotides', 'Animals', 'Chick Embryo', 'Chondroitin', 'Chondroitin Sulfates', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Kinetics', 'Phosphoadenosine Phosphosulfate', 'Protamines', 'Sulfotransferases', 'Sulfurtransferases']
| 3,092,873
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138', 'D13.695.667.138', 'D13.695.827.068'], ['B01.050'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['D09.698.373.200'], ['D09.698.373.200.300'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.850', 'D13.695.667.138.850', 'D13.695.827.068.850'], ['D12.776.660.750', 'D12.776.664.750'], ['D08.811.913.817.400'], ['D08.811.913.817.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prolonged urokinase infusion for chronic total native coronary occlusions: clinical, angiographic, and treatment observations.
|
Prolonged intravascular infusion of urokinase has proven beneficial in reestablishing patency of chronically occluded peripheral arteries and saphenous vein grafts. This study was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of prolonged urokinase infusion as a prelude to angioplasty in chronically occluded native coronary arteries, that had failed standard angioplasty techniques. Twenty-five patients with objective evidence for ischemia in the distribution of a chronic coronary occlusion were referred for percutaneous intervention. Patients were assessed for any potential exclusions from lytic therapy. Urokinase infusion through both a SOS wire and a stable guiding catheter was continued at 100,000-240,000 units/hr for 8-25 hr; patients then underwent attempted balloon angioplasty. Mean duration of urokinase infusion was 20.6 +/- 7.7 hr (total dose 163,000 +/- 52,447 units/hr). Fibrinogen levels dropped slightly with this (300 +/- 129 to 203 +/- 81 mg/dl, P = 0.02). Angiography posturokinase showed improvement in 7 (28%) with regard to coronary flow (> or = 1 TIMI-grade). Angioplasty was successful in 13 (52%), with final angiographic result revealing thrombus in 5 (20%), or dissection 8 (32%). The infusions were well-tolerated with a low incidence of chest pain, 2 (8%) or ischemic ECG response, 2 (8%); myocardial infarction, 2 (8%); or significant bleeding 2 (8%). All patients survived the procedure, with a length-of-hospital stay = 5.1 +/- 4 days. Use of prolonged preangioplasty intracoronary urokinase infusion can be done safely with success in roughly one-half of patients with chronic total native coronary occlusions who have failed prior attempts at percutaneous intervention.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aneurysm, Dissecting', 'Angina Pectoris', 'Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary', 'Chronic Disease', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Coronary Aneurysm', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Coronary Circulation', 'Coronary Disease', 'Coronary Thrombosis', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Thrombolytic Therapy', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator']
| 7,788,687
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.907.055.050'], ['C14.280.647.187', 'C14.907.585.187', 'C23.888.592.612.233.500'], ['E02.148.050.060.100', 'E04.100.376.719.100', 'E04.100.814.529.124.060.100', 'E04.100.814.529.968.050', 'E04.502.382.124.060.100', 'E04.502.382.968.050', 'E04.928.220.520.100', 'E05.157.016.060.100'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E02.186'], ['C14.280.647.250.250', 'C14.907.055.395', 'C14.907.585.250.250'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['G09.330.100.324'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['C14.280.647.250.290', 'C14.907.355.830.220', 'C14.907.585.250.290'], ['E02.319.283'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['E02.319.913'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.910', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.910', 'D12.776.124.125.662.884']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Size of the direct-to-consumer genomic testing market.
|
There has been enormous interest in the recent development of consumer genomics services, but very little is known about their impact. Using publicly available information, we estimate that the market for genetic susceptibility tests for complex diseases is much smaller than previously suggested, and hence consider that regulation through restrictive statutory legislation may be excessive.
|
['Consumer Advocacy', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Genetic Privacy', 'Genetic Testing', 'Genome, Human', 'Genomics', 'Humans', 'Marketing of Health Services']
| 20,697,288
|
[['I01.880.604.473.368', 'N03.706.437.368'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['I01.880.604.473.352.500.320', 'I01.880.604.473.650.500.320', 'I01.880.604.583.080.320', 'N03.706.437.352.500.320', 'N03.706.437.650.124.320', 'N03.706.535.230.320'], ['E01.370.225.562', 'E05.200.562', 'E05.393.435', 'N02.421.308.430', 'N02.421.726.233.221'], ['G05.360.340.350'], ['H01.158.273.180.350', 'H01.158.273.343.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J01.219.687.550', 'N03.219.463.548', 'N05.300.430.500']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Characterization of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure due to volume overload in the rat.
|
Alterations in general characteristics and morphology of the heart, as well as changes in hemodynamics, myosin heavy chain isoforms, and beta-adrenoceptor responsiveness, were determined in Sprague-Dawley rats at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 wk after aortocaval fistula (shunt) was induced by the needle technique. Three stages of cardiac hypertrophy due to volume overload were recognized during the 16-wk period. Developing hypertrophy occurred within the first 2 wk after aortocaval shunt was induced and was characterized by a rapid increase of cardiac mass in both left and right ventricles. Compensated hypertrophy occurred between 2 and 8 wk after aortocaval shunt where normal or mild depression in hemodynamic function was observed. Decompensated hypertrophy or heart failure occurred between 8 and 16 wk after aortocaval shunt and was characterized by circulatory congestion, decreased in vivo and in vitro cardiac function, and a shift in myosin heavy chain isozyme expression. However, the positive inotropic effect of isoproterenol was augmented at all times during the 16-wk period. Characterization of beta-adrenoceptor binding in failing hearts at 16 wk revealed a significant increase in beta(1)-receptor density, whereas beta(2)-receptor density was unchanged. Consistent with this, basal adenylyl cyclase activity was significantly increased, and both isoproterenol- and forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activities were also increased. These results indicate that upregulation of beta-adrenoceptor signal transduction is a unique feature of cardiac hypertrophy and failure induced by volume overload.
|
['Animals', 'Arteries', 'Cardiac Output, Low', 'Cardiomegaly', 'Coronary Circulation', 'Heart', 'Hemodynamics', 'Hyperemia', 'Isoenzymes', 'Isoproterenol', 'Male', 'Myocardial Contraction', 'Myocardium', 'Myosins', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptors, Adrenergic, beta']
| 12,531,914
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114'], ['C14.280.148', 'C23.888.192'], ['C14.280.195', 'C23.300.775.250'], ['G09.330.100.324'], ['A07.541'], ['G09.330.380'], ['C14.907.474'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['D02.033.100.291.439', 'D02.092.063.291.439', 'D02.092.311.649', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.649'], ['G09.330.580', 'G11.427.494.570'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['D05.750.078.730.475', 'D08.811.277.040.025.193.750', 'D12.776.210.500.600', 'D12.776.220.525.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.300.340', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.300.340', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.300.340']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
P16INK4A overexpression predicts lymph node metastasis in cervical carcinomas.
|
BACKGROUND: The p16(INK4A) protein (p16) is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor that arrests the cell cycle in the G1 phase.AIM: To explore the potential of p16 as a predictive marker for lymph node (LN) metastasis and prognosis in cervical carcinomas.METHODS: 145 patients diagnosed with FIGO stage I to IV cervical carcinoma were studied; 95 underwent LN dissection. The expression of p16 protein was studied by immunohistochemistry using tissue microarrays.RESULTS: Overexpression of p16 was seen in 108 of 145 (74.5%) invasive carcinomas. There was a significant correlation between p16 expression and LN metastasis (p=0.007). Patients with p16 overexpression had poorer survival than patients with p16 underexpression (59.3% vs 83.8% 5-year survival rate, log-rank p=0.015). In univariate analysis, p16 expression was a significant predictor of survival (RR 2.76, p=0.02).CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that p16 expression is an important predictive factor of LN metastasis in cervical cancer patients. Moreover, p16 overexpression is associated with a poor prognosis. Therefore, immunohistochemical evaluation of p16 expression is of potential value for treatment planning in cervical carcinomas.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Carcinoma', 'Carcinoma, Adenosquamous', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymph Node Excision', 'Lymph Nodes', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Pelvis', 'Prognosis', 'Survival Analysis', 'Tissue Array Analysis', 'Uterine Cervical Neoplasms']
| 22,011,452
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D23.101.140'], ['C04.557.470.200'], ['C04.557.435.250', 'C04.557.470.200.150'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['D12.644.360.225.200', 'D12.776.167.187.200', 'D12.776.476.225.200', 'D12.776.624.776.355.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.446'], ['A10.549.400', 'A15.382.520.604.412'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.625'], ['A01.923.600'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['E05.588.570.850'], ['C04.588.945.418.948.850', 'C13.351.500.852.593.131', 'C13.351.500.852.762.850', 'C13.351.937.418.875.850']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Outcomes of fertility-sparing surgery among young women with FIGO stage I clear cell carcinoma of the ovary.
|
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the outcome of fertility-sparing surgery among young women with early-stage clear cell carcinoma of the ovary.METHODS: In a retrospective study, data were reviewed for patients aged 45years or younger who had FIGO stage I clear cell carcinoma of the ovary and had attended one institution in South Korea between December 1999 and December 2009. Outcomes were compared between women undergoing fertility-sparing surgery, defined as preservation of the uterus and at least one adnexa, and those undergoing radical surgery.RESULTS: Overall, 47 patients were included (22 underwent fertility-sparing surgery, 25 radical surgery). After a median follow-up of 72months (range 8-175), 5 (23%) patients who underwent fertility-sparing surgery and 5 (20%) in the radical surgery group had recurrent disease (P=0.820). The mean time to recurrence was 19months after fertility-sparing surgery versus 20months after radical surgery (P=0.935). The anatomical location of recurrence did not differ. There was no difference in 5-year disease-free survival (77% vs 84%; P=0.849) or 5-year overall survival (91% vs 88%; P=0.480).CONCLUSION: Fertility-sparing surgery was found to be a safe alternative for young women with FIGO stage I clear cell carcinoma of the ovary who wish to preserve fertility.
|
['Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell', 'Adult', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Female', 'Fertility Preservation', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Organ Sparing Treatments', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Ovary', 'Republic of Korea', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 27,039,052
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025.045'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['E02.875.800.625', 'E04.936.537.562', 'E05.820.800.625'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E02.674'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['A05.360.319.114.630', 'A05.360.576.497', 'A06.300.312.497'], ['Z01.252.474.557.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Effect of mouth leak on effectiveness of nasal bilevel ventilatory assistance and sleep architecture.
|
Mouth leak is common during nasal ventilatory assistance, but its effects on ventilatory support and on sleep architecture are unknown. The acute effect of sealing the mouth on sleep architecture and transcutaneous carbon dioxide tension (Ptc,CO2) was tested in 9 patients (7 hypercapnic) on longterm nasal bilevel ventilation with symptomatic mouth leak. Patients slept with nasal bilevel ventilation at their usual settings on two nights in random order. On one night, the mouth was taped closed. Leak was measured with a pneumotachograph. Median leak fell from 0.35+/-0.07 (mean +/- SEM) L x s(-1) untaped to 0.06+/-0.03 L x s(-1) taped. Ptc,CO2 fell in 8/9, including all hypercapnic patients. Across all patients, the mean Ptc,CO2 fell by 1.02+/-0.28 kPa (7.7+/-2.1 mm Hg) with taping (p = 0.007). Arousal index fell in every patient. Mean arousal index fell from 35.0+/-3.0 to 13.9+/-1.2 h(-1) (p<0.0001), and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep increased from 12.9+/-1.5% to 21.1+/-1.8% sleep time (p = 0.0016). Slow wave sleep changed inconsistently, from a mean of 13.1+/-1.6% to 19.5+/-2.2% of sleep (p = 0.09). Sleep latency and efficiency were unchanged. In four healthy volunteers ventilator-induced awake hypopharyngeal pressure swing during timed bilevel ventilation fell by 35+/-5% L(-1) x s(-1) of voluntary mouth leak (p<0.0001). Mouth leak reduces effective nasal bilevel ventilatory support, increases transcutaneous carbon dioxide tension, and disrupts sleep architecture.
|
['Aged', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Equipment Failure', 'Equipment Safety', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intermittent Positive-Pressure Ventilation', 'Laryngeal Masks', 'Lung Diseases, Obstructive', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Biological', 'Mouth Breathing', 'Polysomnography', 'Respiratory Function Tests', 'Risk Assessment', 'Sleep', 'Sleep Apnea Syndromes', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 10,624,751
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['E05.325'], ['E05.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.041.625.790.550', 'E02.880.820.790.550'], ['E02.041.500.475', 'E02.585.578.475', 'E05.497.578.475', 'E07.700.500.450', 'J01.637.708.560.782.450'], ['C08.381.495'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.599.395'], ['C08.618.659', 'C23.888.852.761'], ['E01.370.520.625'], ['E01.370.386.700'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['F02.830.855', 'G11.561.803'], ['C08.618.085.852', 'C10.886.425.800.750'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A qualitative study of motivations for meditation in anthroposophic practitioners.
|
Research on meditation is advancing, but few studies about the motivations of meditators exist. Additionally, many forms and traditions of meditation have yet to be investigated. This study addresses both of these issues by presenting an overview of different forms of motivations found in contemporary Anthroposophic meditation practice. 30 Anthroposophic meditators were interviewed about their meditation experiences. The interviews were examined using thematic analysis. 14 data-driven themes were extracted and organized within a framework consisting of three superordinate theory-driven forms of motivation: External, internal and service. A developmental trajectory running from external and internal to service motivations is indicated. This approach improves upon a scheme developed by Shapiro by including additional types of motivations and being able to differentiate between forms of motivations that are fundamentally different: Self-related (heteronomous and autonomous) motivations and other-related motivations.
|
['Anthroposophy', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Female', 'Health Personnel', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Meditation', 'Middle Aged', 'Motivation', 'Qualitative Research']
| 30,212,522
|
[['E02.190.088', 'K01.844.058'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['M01.526.485', 'N02.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.190.525.374', 'E02.190.901.455', 'F04.754.137.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['H01.770.644.241.850']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Mouse-passaged severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus leads to lethal pulmonary edema and diffuse alveolar damage in adult but not young mice.
|
Advanced age is a risk factor of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in humans. To understand its pathogenesis, we developed an animal model using BALB/c mice and the mouse-passaged Frankfurt 1 isolate of SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV). We examined the immune responses to SARS-CoV in both young and adult mice. SARS-CoV induced severe respiratory illness in all adult, but not young, mice on day 2 after inoculation with a mortality rate of 30 to 50%. Moribund adult mice showed severe pulmonary edema and diffuse alveolar damage accompanied by virus replication. Adult murine lungs, which had significantly higher interleukin (IL)-4 and lower IL-10 and IL-13 levels before infection than young murine lungs, rapidly produced high levels of proinflammatory chemokines and cytokines known to induce macrophage and neutrophil infiltration and activation (eg, tumor necrosis factor-alpha). On day 2 after inoculation, young murine lungs produced not only proinflammatory cytokines but also IL-2, interferon-gamma, IL-10, and IL-13. Adult mice showed early and acute excessive proinflammatory responses (ie, cytokine storm) in the lungs after SARS-CoV infection, which led to severe pulmonary edema and diffuse alveolar damage. Intravenous injection with anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha antibody 3 hours after infection had no effect on SARS-CoV infection. However, intraperitoneal interferon-gamma injection protected adult mice from the lethal respiratory illness. The experimental model described here may be useful for elucidating the pathophysiology of SARS and for evaluating therapies to treat SARS-CoV infection.
|
['Aging', 'Animals', 'Cytokines', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Pulmonary Alveoli', 'Pulmonary Edema', 'SARS Virus', 'Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome', 'Virus Replication']
| 18,467,696
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['A04.411.715'], ['C08.381.742'], ['B04.820.578.500.540.150.113.937'], ['C01.748.730', 'C01.925.782.600.550.200.750', 'C08.730.730'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Serotonergic or Anticholinergic Toxidrome: Case Report of a 9-Year-Old Girl.
|
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to report an acute onset of symptoms erroneously attributed to serotonin syndrome in a child who had been given both anticholinergic and serotonergic agents.CASE SUMMARY: A 9-year-old girl with chronic anxiety and gastrointestinal problems was prescribed oral sertraline 6.25 mg daily, as well as hyoscyamine, ondansetron, montelukast, and a course of nitazoxanide. She was also routinely given diphenhydramine and omeprazole. Three days after increasing sertraline to 12.5 mg, she presented to the emergency department with altered mental status, hallucinations, mydriasis, tachycardia, and pyrexia. She was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit and subsequently treated unsuccessfully for serotonin syndrome, with blurred vision and clonus persisting at discharge 4 days after admittance. Upon follow-up with her outpatient clinic, all anticholinergic agents were discontinued, and symptoms slowly resolved.CONCLUSIONS: This case illustrates the importance of differential diagnosis between toxidromes and how clinical presentation can be altered by preexisting conditions as well as the use of medications that affect multiple neurotransmitter systems.
|
['Anticholinergic Syndrome', 'Child', 'Cholinergic Antagonists', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Serotonin Agents', 'Serotonin Syndrome', 'Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors', 'Sertraline']
| 26,425,930
|
[['C25.100.311'], ['M01.060.406'], ['D27.505.519.625.120.200', 'D27.505.696.577.120.200'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.519.625.850', 'D27.505.696.577.850'], ['C25.100.875'], ['D27.505.519.562.437.850', 'D27.505.519.625.600.850', 'D27.505.519.625.850.900', 'D27.505.696.577.600.850', 'D27.505.696.577.850.900'], ['D02.092.705.800', 'D02.455.426.559.847.638.845.800', 'D04.615.638.845.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Comparison of the rolling circle amplification and ligase-dependent reaction methods for the identification of opportunistic Exophiala species.
|
We developed two ligase-dependent probe amplification assays based on rolling circle amplification (RCA) and the ligase-dependent reaction (LDR) to differentiate species of Exophiala targeting the rDNA internal transcribed spacer region. We focused on Exophiala dermatitidis and E. phaeomuriformis, two opportunistic inhabitants of indoor wet cells, and further detected E. heteromorpha, E. xenobiotica, and E. crusticola; 57 reference isolates representing the five species were tested. Depending on the RCA probes used, the sensitivity was 100%, and the specificity ranged from 3.7% to 88.6% (median: 46.1%). In contrast, the sensitivity and specificity of the LDR probes targeting the same isolates were 88.6-100% (median: 95.8%) and 95.4-100% (median: 97.7%), respectively. We analyzed 198 additional environmental isolates representing the same Exophiala species. Overall, the sensitivity and specificity of LDR ranged from 89.7% to 100% (median: 94.1%) and from 93.9% to 100% (median: 96.9%), respectively. The assessment of performance and validation of LDR probes using SYBR Green quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed high reproducibility and an acceptable range limit, in line with the guidelines of the European Network of GMO Laboratories. In conclusion, the LDR assay was more reliable and less expensive than RCA for species-level identification of Exophiala isolates.
|
['DNA, Fungal', 'DNA, Ribosomal Spacer', 'Exophiala', 'Humans', 'Mycological Typing Techniques', 'Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques', 'Reproducibility of Results']
| 29,087,521
|
[['D13.444.308.300'], ['D13.444.308.324.230', 'D13.444.308.475.230'], ['B01.300.107.366', 'B01.300.381.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.875.610', 'E05.200.875.610'], ['E05.393.620'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Seronegative spondylarthropathy without spine involvement in Beh?et's syndrome.
|
The case of a 49-year-old man affected by Beh?et's syndrome (BS) without any clinical or radiological evidence of ankylosing spondylitis, exhibiting a peripheral enthesitis typical of seronegative spondyloarthropathy (SpA) is reported. The diagnosis of SpA is supported by computed tomographic evidence of sacroiliitis. This case confirms our hypothesis that patients with BS may have other forms of SpA than AS.
|
['Achilles Tendon', 'Antigen-Antibody Reactions', 'Arthritis', 'Behcet Syndrome', 'Humans', 'Joint Diseases', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patella', 'Sacroiliac Joint', 'Spinal Diseases', 'Tendinopathy', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 8,258,243
|
[['A02.880.176'], ['G12.122'], ['C05.550.114'], ['C07.465.075', 'C11.941.879.780.880.200', 'C14.907.940.100', 'C16.320.382.250', 'C17.800.827.368.250', 'C17.800.862.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.550'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.624', 'A02.835.232.730.500'], ['A02.835.583.707'], ['C05.116.900'], ['C05.651.869', 'C26.874.800'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Activation of protein kinase C by cis- and trans-octadecadienoic acids in intact human platelets and its potentiation by diacylglycerol.
|
Octadecadienoic acids (linoleic acid and linolelaidic acid) and the diacylglycerol, 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-rac-glycerol (OAG) concentration-dependently induced activation of gel-filtered human platelets, i.e. aggregation and phosphorylation of 20 kDa and 47 kDa peptides. In contrast, octadecenoic acids (oleic and elaidic acid) and octadecanoic (stearic) acid were inactive. Octadecadienoic acid-induced platelet activation was suppressed by the protein kinase C inhibitor, polymyxin B, but not by the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin. OAG-induced activation was potentiated by octadecadienoic acids present at non-stimulatory concentrations. Our data suggest that octadecadienoic acids and diacylglycerol synergistically induce platelet activation via protein kinase C. Furthermore, linolelaidic acid may provide a useful experimental tool to study fatty acid regulation of protein kinase C in intact cells.
|
['Blood Platelets', 'Diglycerides', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Glycerides', 'Humans', 'Phosphorylation', 'Platelet Aggregation', 'Protein Kinase C', 'Proteins', 'Stearic Acids']
| 3,426,598
|
[['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['D10.351.303'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D10.351'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['G09.188.370.687', 'G09.188.390.600.640'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.725'], ['D12.776'], ['D10.251.882']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Alteration of insulin signaling to control insect pest by using transformed bacteria expressing dsRNA.
|
BACKGROUND: Insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) is known to mediate larval growth and adult reproduction in the legume pod borer, Maruca vitrata (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Four IIS components (InR, FOXO, Akt, and TOR) play crucial roles in the IIS pathway.RESULTS: RNA interference (RNAi) against any of these four IIS component genes was effective in suppressing each target mRNA level by either hemocoelic injection or oral administration using gene-specific double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs). These RNAi treatments interfered with larval growth, leading to small pupae or significant larval mortality. For massive production of dsRNA, transformed bacteria expressing dsRNAs of these four IIS components were prepared with L4440 expression vector and HT115 strain of Escherichia coli. The transformed bacteria killed the larvae in a dose-dependent manner by feeding administration. An ultra-sonication pretreatment was performed to impair bacterial membrane and increase dsRNA release from the bacteria in insect intestine. This pretreatment increased the insecticidal activity of these recombinant bacteria. To further increase dsRNA toxicity, its mixture with Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) was prepared and showed significant increase of Bt insecticidal activity in the laboratory. The bacterial mixture also showed a high control efficacy (83.3%) in an adzuki bean (Vigna angularis) field infested by M. vitrata. Furthermore, such a dsRNA effect was specific for M. vitrata, but not for non-target insects.CONCLUSION: The bacteria expressing dsRNA specific to IIS components can be used to develop dsRNA insecticide. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
|
['Animals', 'Bacillus thuringiensis', 'Insect Control', 'Insulin', 'Larva', 'Moths', 'RNA Interference', 'RNA, Double-Stranded', 'Signal Transduction']
| 31,503,391
|
[['B01.050'], ['B03.300.390.400.158.218.800', 'B03.353.500.100.218.800', 'B03.510.100.100.218.800', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.800', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.800'], ['N06.850.780.200.650.425'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.937.650'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['D13.444.735.490', 'G02.111.570.820.486.775', 'G05.360.580.775'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Responses of cells in the auditory cortex of awake squirrel monkeys to normal and reversed species-specific vocalizations.
|
Natural vocalizations and their artificial counterparts were found to be equally effective in evoking responses in auditory cortex units of awake squirrel monkeys. Neural responsiveness was presumably based primarily on the sensitivity of the units to acoustic transients embedded in the stimuli. For the left hemisphere, a significantly higher percentage of responding units was found in the primary compared to the secondary auditory cortex. However, the difference in the percentage of responding units between the primary and secondary auditory cortices was not significant for the right hemisphere.
|
['Animals', 'Auditory Cortex', 'Evoked Potentials, Auditory', 'Functional Laterality', 'Neurons', 'Saimiri', 'Vocalization, Animal']
| 6,826,464
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.249', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.863.297'], ['G07.265.216.500.370', 'G07.888.250', 'G11.561.200.500.370'], ['F02.830.297.425', 'G11.561.225.425'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.600.150.710.710'], ['F01.145.113.055.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Response to a selective COX-2 inhibitor in patients with urticaria/angioedema induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
|
BACKGROUND: In subjects with hypersensitivity reactions with cross-intolerance to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), tolerance to selective COX-2 inhibitors has not been evaluated in large series of well-phenotyped cases.METHODS: We evaluated 252 patients with urticaria and/or angioedema caused by hypersensitivity owing to cross-intolerance to NSAIDs. In addition to the clinical history, diagnosis was confirmed by provocation to an alternative NSAID. Two groups were considered: (A) patients with cross-intolerance to NSAIDs and intolerance to paracetamol and (B) patients with cross-intolerance to NSAIDs and good tolerance to paracetamol. Etoricoxib was administered to Group A patients and to a representative sample of Group B patients. In the event of a positive response, serum tryptase levels were determined and skin biopsy was performed in five patients in each group.RESULTS: Ibuprofen was the most commonly implicated drug, followed by acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). Urticaria was the most common manifestation, followed by angioedema. Most of the patients developed symptoms within 1 h. Twenty-five percent in Group A (n = 47) and 6% in Group B (n = 50) were intolerant to etoricoxib. Skin biopsy showed mast cell activation with the release of tryptase to the extracellular space but without the increase in serum tryptase levels.CONCLUSION: Selective COX-2 inhibitors may be unsafe in subjects with urticaria and/or angioedema caused by hypersensitivity reactions to NSAIDs with cross-intolerance if they are intolerant to paracetamol. A quarter of patients who were intolerant to this drug were also intolerant to etoricoxib. In subjects with hypersensitivity to NSAIDs and intolerance to paracetamol, selective COX-2 inhibitors should be administered as a controlled, incremental dose provocation test to assess tolerance.
|
['Acetaminophen', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Angioedema', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Aspirin', 'Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors', 'Drug Hypersensitivity', 'Etoricoxib', 'Humans', 'Hypersensitivity, Immediate', 'Ibuprofen', 'Pyridines', 'Single-Blind Method', 'Sulfones', 'Urticaria', 'Young Adult']
| 21,834,936
|
[['D02.065.199.092.040', 'D02.092.146.113.092.040'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C14.907.079', 'C17.800.862.945.066', 'C20.543.480.904.066'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.595.176'], ['D27.505.519.389.310.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500.500.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030.500.500', 'D27.505.954.329.030.500.500'], ['C20.543.206', 'C25.100.468'], ['D02.886.590.444', 'D03.383.725.354'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C20.543.480'], ['D02.241.223.701.430'], ['D03.383.725'], ['E05.318.370.850', 'N05.715.360.325.730', 'N06.850.520.445.850'], ['D02.886.590'], ['C17.800.862.945', 'C20.543.480.904'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Utilization of complementary and integrative health services and opioid therapy by patients receiving Veterans Health Administration pain care.
|
OBJECTIVES: The aims of the current study were to characterize veterans who used a complementary and integrative health (CIH) service in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and to assess the extent to which using a CIH-related service was associated with receiving an opioid analgesic prescription following the initiation of specialty pain service, a time at which higher intensity care is needed for patients experiencing greater psychiatric and medical complexity.DESIGN: This study utilized a retrospective cohort design of veterans using specialty pain services. The index visit was defined as the first specialty pain visit in Fiscal Years 2012-2015. Demographics, opioid analgesic prescriptions, psychiatric disorder diagnoses, medical comorbidity, pain severity scores, and pain conditions were extracted from VHA administrative data.SETTING: The cohort was comprised of veterans who had at least one visit with a specialty pain service as identified by a billing code.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The main outcome measures were use of a CIH-related service in the 365 days prior to the index visit and opioid analgesic prescription within 365 days after the index visit. Adjusted logistic regression analyses accounted for key covariate and potential confounding variables.RESULTS: Use of CIH-related services was relatively low across the cohort (1.9%). Veterans who used a CIH-related service in the 365 days prior to the index visit were more likely to be female, be younger, have less medical comorbidity, have less severe pain, and were less likely to have received an opioid prescription in the 365 days prior to the index visit. After accounting for key covariates and potential confounders, veterans who used a CIH-related service were less likely to receive an opioid analgesic prescription in the 365 days following the index visit.CONCLUSION: CIH-related services were not commonly used among Veterans initiating specialty pain services. Engaging in CIH-related services prior to specialty pain services is associated with decreased opioid analgesic and non-opioid analgesic prescriptions.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Analgesics, Opioid', 'Complementary Therapies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Integrative Medicine', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pain Management', 'Retrospective Studies', 'United States', 'United States Department of Veterans Affairs', 'Veterans', 'Veterans Health', 'Young Adult']
| 30,012,396
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.696.277.600.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.760.500', 'D27.505.954.427.040.550.500', 'D27.505.954.427.210.600.500'], ['E02.190'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.403.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.745', 'N04.590.607.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['I01.409.418.750.700', 'N03.540.348.500.500.700'], ['M01.930'], ['N01.400.850'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Necrotizing enterocolitis induced by local circulatory interruption in the ileum of neonatal piglets.
|
Occlusion of groups of vessels in the mesenteric vascular arcades of distal ileum for 48 h induced necrotizing enterocolitis lesions in low birth weight, spontaneously delivered, neonatal piglets. Lesion severity increased with numbers of adjacent groups of vessels occluded and with proximity to the ileocecal junction. A previously undescribed feature, "prepneumatosis," was confined to the lymphatic vessels of the submucosa and serosa. This feature closely resembled the position, shape, and distribution of classical pneumatosis intestinalis. Occlusion of vessels for 30 min followed by reperfusion did not induce any detectable changes 48 h later. Identical procedures (48-h occlusions) did not induce any detectable changes in 35-kg pigs.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Birth Weight', 'Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous', 'Ileum', 'Mesenteric Arteries', 'Mesenteric Veins', 'Regional Blood Flow', 'Reperfusion Injury', 'Swine']
| 1,561,146
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['C23.888.144.186', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.186', 'E05.041.124.160.750.149', 'G07.100.100.160.120.186', 'G07.345.249.314.120.186'], ['C01.150.252.410.222.310', 'C06.405.205.596.800', 'C06.405.469.363.800'], ['A03.556.124.684.249', 'A03.556.249.124'], ['A07.015.114.565'], ['A07.015.908.670.385'], ['G09.330.100.780'], ['C14.907.725', 'C23.550.767.877'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Molecular characterization and evolution of a gene family encoding male-specific reproductive proteins in the African malaria vector Anopheles gambiae.
|
BACKGROUND: During copulation, the major Afro-tropical malaria vector Anopheles gambiae s.s. transfers male accessory gland (MAG) proteins to females as a solid mass (i.e. the "mating plug"). These proteins are postulated to function as important modulators of female post-mating responses. To understand the role of selective forces underlying the evolution of these proteins in the A. gambiae complex, we carried out an evolutionary analysis of gene sequence and expression divergence on a pair of paralog genes called AgAcp34A-1 and AgAcp34A-2. These encode MAG-specific proteins which, based on homology with Drosophila, have been hypothesized to play a role in sperm viability and function.RESULTS: Genetic analysis of 6 species of the A. gambiae complex revealed the existence of a third paralog (68-78% of identity), that we named AgAcp34A-3. FISH assays showed that this gene maps in the same division (34A) of chromosome-3R as the other two paralogs. In particular, immuno-fluorescence assays targeting the C-terminals of AgAcp34A-2 and AgAcp34A-3 revealed that these two proteins are localized in the posterior part of the MAG and concentrated at the apical portion of the mating plug. When transferred to females, this part of the plug lies in proximity to the duct connecting the spermatheca to the uterus, suggesting a potential role for these proteins in regulating sperm motility. AgAcp34A-3 is more polymorphic than the other two paralogs, possibly because of relaxation of purifying selection. Since both unequal crossing-over and gene conversion likely homogenized the members of this gene family, the interpretation of the evolutionary patterns is not straightforward. Although several haplotypes of the three paralogs are shared by most A. gambiae s.l. species, some fixed species-specific replacements (mainly placed in the N- and C-terminal portions of the secreted peptides) were also observed, suggesting some lineage-specific adaptation.CONCLUSIONS: Progress in understanding the signaling cascade in the A. gambiae reproductive pathway will elucidate the interaction of this MAG-specific protein family with their female counterparts. This knowledge will allow a better evaluation of the relative importance of genes involved in the reproductive isolation and fertility of A. gambiae species and could help the interpretation of the observed evolutionary patterns.
|
['Animals', 'Anopheles', 'Bayes Theorem', 'Blotting, Western', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Computational Biology', 'Drosophila Proteins', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Female', 'Haplotypes', 'In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence', 'Insect Hormones', 'Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Models, Genetic', 'Multigene Family', 'Peptides']
| 21,978,124
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.712.500.875.120'], ['E05.318.740.600.200', 'N05.715.360.750.625.150', 'N06.850.520.830.600.200'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['E05.393.183'], ['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['D12.776.093.500.462'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['G05.380.360'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325.350', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325.350', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325.350', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325.350', 'E05.393.285.350', 'E05.393.661.475.350'], ['D06.472.445.573'], ['D12.644.276', 'D12.776.467', 'D23.529'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['D12.644']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Female roles and conflicts in health care professions].
|
UNLABELLED: The burdens of the caring and curing professions are increased in the female workforce by childbearing and the duties of childrearing, and serving a family as well.AIM: the objective of our research was to study and compare future and present family and career plans of students and active professionals (nurses and female doctors), related to their physical and mental health and conflicts.METHODS: Our cross-sectional research was carried out among female nursing college students (N = 226), female medical students (N = 117), and among professional nurses and female doctors in hospitals (N = 409).RESULTS: students consider parallel their future family and workplace roles. The number of children planned is the same as in the general population, but female medical students would like to have more children than nursing students. Professional nurses and female doctors hold both their family and workplace roles in high esteem. Role conflicts are interrelating with their career and life satisfaction, health condition, and the prevalence of psychosomatic symptoms. Their roles as a social model in health promotion are rather questionable, for their insufficient health and risk behaviors.CONCLUSIONS: we can state that there is a considerable tension and contradiction in planned and actual roles of future and present female workforce of Hungary's health care system. In many cases they are unable to fulfill requirements based on their social engagement. Relevant handicaps of nursing college students and female professional nurses are more prevalent, therefore we propose further analytic and comparative research in the future.
|
['Burnout, Professional', 'Career Choice', 'Caregivers', 'Conflict, Psychological', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Family', 'Female', 'Health Behavior', 'Health Status', 'Humans', 'Hungary', 'Job Satisfaction', 'Mental Health', "Nurse's Role", 'Nurses', "Physician's Role", 'Physicians', 'Students, Medical', 'Students, Nursing']
| 19,470,425
|
[['C24.580.500', 'F01.145.126.990.367.500', 'F02.830.900.333.500'], ['F02.463.785.373.346.400'], ['M01.085', 'M01.526.485.200', 'N02.360.200'], ['F01.658.209'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['F01.145.488'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.248.495'], ['F02.784.692.425'], ['F02.418', 'N01.400.500'], ['F01.829.316.616.625.450', 'N05.300.100.337'], ['M01.526.485.650', 'N02.360.650'], ['F01.829.316.616.625.600'], ['M01.526.485.810', 'N02.360.810'], ['M01.848.769.602'], ['M01.848.769.685']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Collagenase and fibronectin in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in patients with sarcoidosis.
|
Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from 43 patients with biopsy proved sarcoidosis and 10 control subjects were assayed for fibronectin and collagenase activity. Fibronectin was significantly increased in the group with sarcoidosis and was found to be positively correlated with angiotensin converting enzyme activity, protein concentration, percentage of T cells and helper:suppressor ratios in the lavage fluid. Increased fibronectin in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was not related to functional or radiographic indices of interstitial disease and did not identify patients subsequently requiring treatment. Latent collagenase was present in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from 16 patients with sarcoidosis but not in any control sample. There was no association between the collagenase activity and the cell profiles of the lavage fluid. Yet carbon monoxide transfer factor was decreased in patients with bronchoalveolar lavage fluid collagenase. Ten of 16 patients with bronchoalveolar lavage fluid collagenase had radiographic class III or IV disease and a disease duration of more than two years. On follow up 62% of patients with bronchoalveolar lavage fluid collagenase required subsequent treatment, compared with only 23% of patients without collagenase. These results indicate an association between bronchoalveolar lavage fluid collagenase and progressive, prolonged disease in sarcoidosis, whereas increased bronchoalveolar lavage fluid fibronectin is associated with indices of disease activity.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid', 'Female', 'Fibronectins', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Lung', 'Lung Diseases', 'Male', 'Microbial Collagenase', 'Middle Aged', 'Sarcoidosis']
| 2,848,327
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.927.100.500'], ['D12.776.377.715.390', 'D12.776.395.550.350', 'D12.776.543.550.350', 'D12.776.860.300.450'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A04.411'], ['C08.381'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.500', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C15.604.515.827']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Transcription factor genes of Schizophyllum commune involved in regulation of mushroom formation.
|
Mushrooms represent the most conspicuous structures of fungi. Their development is being studied in the model basidiomycete Schizophyllum commune. The genome of S. commune contains 472 genes encoding predicted transcription factors. Of these, fst3 and fst4 were shown to inhibit and induce mushroom development respectively. Here, we inactivated five additional transcription factor genes. This resulted in absence of mushroom development (in the case of deletion of bri1 and hom2), in arrested development at the stage of aggregate formation (in the case of c2h2) and in the formation of more but smaller mushrooms (in the case of hom1 and gat1). Moreover, strains in which hom2 and bri1 were inactivated formed symmetrical colonies instead of irregular colonies like the wild type. A genome-wide expression analysis identified several gene classes that were differentially expressed in the strains in which either hom2 or fst4 was inactivated. Among the genes that were downregulated in these strains were c2h2 and hom1. Based on these results, a regulatory model of mushroom development in S. commune is proposed. This model most likely also applies to other mushroom-forming fungi and will serve as a basis to understand mushroom formation in nature and to enable and improve commercial mushroom production.
|
['Agaricales', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal', 'Gene Knockout Techniques', 'Genes, Fungal', 'Models, Biological', 'Schizophyllum', 'Transcription Factors']
| 21,815,946
|
[['B01.300.179.100'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308.330'], ['E05.393.335.750'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.500', 'G05.360.340.358.024.500', 'G05.360.340.358.365.500'], ['E05.599.395'], ['B01.300.179.100.750'], ['D12.776.930']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Chronically elevated luteinizing hormone depletes primordial follicles in the mouse ovary.
|
A few years before reproductive senescence, primordial follicles are depleted from the ovary at a dramatically accelerated rate. It has been proposed that this depletion is due to transient increases in gonadotropin levels. To test this hypothesis, we used mice that produce chronically elevated levels of serum LH via expression of an LHbeta subunit transgene. Ovaries were collected from transgenic and control mice, and complete serial sections were prepared for histological examination. Each section was scanned for morphological abnormalities, and every fifth section was sampled to estimate the total number of primordial, primary, and large preantral follicles per ovary. Until 3 wk postpartum, ovaries from transgenic and control mice were morphologically similar. By 5 wk, control ovaries contained many healthy primordial, primary, and large preantral follicles as well as atretic follicles. Transgenic ovaries contained blood-filled cysts, misshapen granulosa cells, luteinized cells, and approximately 45% fewer primordial follicles than controls. By 3 mo, transgenic ovaries had about 68% fewer primordial follicles and 53% fewer primary follicles than controls. These results suggest that, in addition to having profound effects on growing follicles, chronically elevated LH levels deplete the primordial follicle pool and thus may hasten the onset of reproductive senescence.
|
['Animals', 'Female', 'Follicular Atresia', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Ovarian Follicle', 'Ovary']
| 9,369,192
|
[['B01.050'], ['G08.686.290'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.535', 'A06.300.312.497.535'], ['A05.360.319.114.630', 'A05.360.576.497', 'A06.300.312.497']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Israel: epidemiology and Epstein-Barr virus-related serology.
|
Epidemiological, histological and serological characteristics of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) were investigated. Included were 25 patients aged 10-70 with male to female ratio 2:1. Among 23 Jewish patients, 18 were of Asian-African (AA) and five of European (Eur) descent; two were Arabs (Ar). The dominant histological type among AA patients was undifferentiated carcinoma (UCNT) and among Eur squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Elevated IgG and IgA antibodies to Epstein-Barr (EBV) viral capsid, early and nuclear antigens were observed in patients, as compared to 34 healthy controls matched by age, sex and ethnic origin. Although not statistically significant, antibodies to EBV were elevated in AA, as compared to Eur patients. No significant differences in IgG and IgA antibodies to Herpes simplex, Cytomegalo and Varicella-zoster viruses were demonstrated among patients and controls. The study suggests that NPC in Israel, as elsewhere, is associated with EBV and genetic or environmental factors may influence the prevalence of NPC among certain ethnic groups.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Antibodies, Viral', 'Antigens, Viral', 'Capsid', 'Capsid Proteins', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Child', 'Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens', 'Female', 'Herpesvirus 4, Human', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin A', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Israel', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 2,824,207
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254'], ['D23.050.327'], ['A21.249.500.250'], ['D12.776.964.970.600.550'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['M01.060.406'], ['D23.050.290.249', 'D23.050.327.300'], ['B04.280.210.400.500.450', 'B04.280.382.400.500.400', 'B04.613.204.500.500.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.026', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.026', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.026'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['Z01.252.245.500.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.443.665.710.650', 'C07.550.350.650', 'C07.550.745.650', 'C09.647.710.650', 'C09.775.350.650', 'C09.775.549.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Complete bilateral relapsing ophthalmoplegia in a diabetic patient with a sensory-motor distal polyneuropathy.
|
The clinicopathological study of a case of relapsing complete bilateral external ophthalmoplegia associated with a sensory-motor polyneuropathy is presented. No other causes apart from diabetes mellitus were ascertained. The sural biopsy demonstrated an axonal as well as demyelinating neuropathy. The physiopathology of the rare cases of diabetic multiple bilateral cranial nerve palsies is discussed.
|
['Aged', 'Biopsy', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Diabetic Neuropathies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Movement Disorders', 'Ophthalmoplegia', 'Recurrence', 'Sensation', 'Sural Nerve']
| 3,720,804
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['C10.668.829.300', 'C19.246.099.937'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.662'], ['C10.292.562.750', 'C10.597.622.447', 'C11.590.472', 'C23.888.592.636.447'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['F02.830.816', 'G11.561.790'], ['A08.800.800.720.450.760.820.820']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Motility is rate-limiting for invasion of bladder carcinoma cell lines.
|
Induced migration of tumor cells is generally considered to be one critical step in cancer progression to the invasive and metastatic stage. The implicit caveat of studies that show this is that other, unknown, signaling pathways and biophysical events are actually the operative rate-limiting steps, and not motility per se. Thus, to examine the hypothesis that motility is a single, but overall rate-limiting function required for invasion, disparate motility processes need be blocked with concordant effects on tumor invasion. Recently, we and others have described two signaling pathways that are critical to growth factor-induced motility but not mitogenesis. The key molecular switches are phospholipase C-gamma (PLCgamma) and calpain for cytoskeletal reorganization and rear detachment, respectively. We examined this hypothesis in a highly invasive tumor, bladder carcinoma. Three different human tumor cell lines, 253J-B-V, UMUC and T-24, were tested for invasiveness in vitro by transmigration of a Matrigel barrier. Inhibiting PLCgamma with the pharmacologic agent U73122 or the molecular dominant-negative PLCz construct reduced both invasiveness and motility. The same was noted when calpain was blocked using calpain inhibitor I (ALLN). These results demonstrate that one interventional target for limiting invasion is not necessarily an individual motility pathway but rather cell migration per se.
|
['Calpain', 'Cell Movement', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Epidermal Growth Factor', 'ErbB Receptors', 'Estrenes', 'Humans', 'Isoenzymes', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Phospholipase C gamma', 'Pyrrolidinones', 'Signal Transduction', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Type C Phospholipases', 'Urinary Bladder Neoplasms']
| 11,950,593
|
[['D08.811.277.656.262.500.120', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.120'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['D06.472.317.350', 'D12.644.276.382.500', 'D12.776.467.382.500', 'D23.529.382.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074'], ['D04.210.500.365.415'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['D08.811.277.352.640.700.700.562.750', 'D12.644.360.571.750', 'D12.776.476.556.750'], ['D03.383.773.812'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A11.251.860'], ['D08.811.277.352.640.700.700'], ['C04.588.945.947.960', 'C12.758.820.968', 'C12.777.829.813', 'C13.351.937.820.945', 'C13.351.968.829.707']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Differences between asthma in young and elderly: results from the COREA study.
|
BACKGROUND: There has been no large-scale and comprehensive study of the differences between asthma in elderly asthmatics (EA) and non-elderly (i.e. young) asthmatics (NEA).METHODS: We performed principal component analysis (PCA) using 2067 asthmatics (434 EA and 1633 NEA) from the Korean Cohort for Reality and Evolution of adult Asthma (COREA). EA was defined as asthmatics with the chronological age of 65 or more and eleven clinical variables measured at enrollment were used for PCA; symptom score, symptom duration, number of exacerbation during previous one year, smoking pack year, number of controller medications, body mass index, predicted % of FEV1, predicted % FVC, post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio, atopy index and number of eosinophils in peripheral blood.RESULTS: PCA of all asthmatics showed that EA and NEA were distinctly separated by the first and second principal component on the plot of individual asthmatics according to their scores. For further analysis, we divided all asthmatics into the EA and the NEA group and performed PCA again in each group. The first four principal components with eigenvalues ? 1.0 were identified in both groups and they explained 55.5% of the variance in the EA group and 52.4% in the NEA group respectively. Clinical variables showed distinctly different patterns of loading on the first four principal components between the EA and the NEA group.CONCLUSION: EA and NEA have different compositional patterns underlying their clinical variables. These observations helped in understanding the differences between EA and NEA from the integrated view covering various clinical aspects.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Asthma', 'Bronchodilator Agents', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Forced Expiratory Volume', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Principal Component Analysis', 'Vital Capacity']
| 23,927,852
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['D27.505.696.663.050.110', 'D27.505.954.796.050.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E01.370.386.700.660.230', 'G09.772.650.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.562'], ['E01.370.386.700.485.750.900', 'G09.772.850.970']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A pilot study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of an oral dose of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate-rich polyphenon E in patients with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis.
|
BACKGROUND: Green tea and its main polyphenolic component, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), exert powerful anti-inflammatory effects that are protective against both inflammatory diseases and cancer. Research with animal and human cell lines provide plausible support for these claims. Poor absorption results in low systemic bioavailability of EGCG after oral administration but high colonic mucosal exposure.METHODS: Patients with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis (UC) were randomized to daily doses of oral Polyphenon E (400 mg or 800 mg of total EGCG daily, administered in split doses) or placebo in a double-blinded, placebo-controlled pilot study. Response was measured by the UC disease activity index and the inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire on day 56.RESULTS: Twenty patients were randomized to active therapy or placebo in a 4:1 ratio. Nineteen subjects received >1 dose of study medication (15 Polyphenon E, 4 placebo). The mean UC disease activity index score at study entry was 6.5 ± 1.9 in the treatment group and 7.3 ± 1.7 in the placebo group. After 56 days of therapy, the response rate was 66.7% (10 of 15) in the Polyphenon E group and 0% (0 of 4) in the placebo group (P = 0.03). The active treatment remission rate was 53.3% (8 of 15) compared with 0% (0 of 4) for placebo (P = 0.10). Polyphenon E treatment resulted in only minor side effects.CONCLUSIONS: Administration of Polyphenon E resulted in a therapeutic benefit for patients who were refractory to 5-aminosalicylic and/or azathioprine. This agent holds promise as a novel option for the treatment of patients with UC with mild to moderately active disease.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Biological Availability', 'Catechin', 'Colitis, Ulcerative', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pilot Projects', 'Prognosis', 'Quality of Life', 'Remission Induction', 'Tea', 'Young Adult']
| 23,846,486
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G03.787.151', 'G07.690.725.129'], ['D03.383.663.283.240.190', 'D03.383.663.283.266.450.206', 'D03.633.100.150.240.190', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.206'], ['C06.405.205.265.231', 'C06.405.205.731.249', 'C06.405.469.158.188.231', 'C06.405.469.432.249'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['E01.789'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E02.860'], ['D20.215.784.844', 'G07.203.100.831', 'J02.200.831'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Regional structural differences across functionally parcellated Brodmann areas of human primary somatosensory cortex.
|
Ultra-high-field (UHF) MRI is ideally suited for structural and functional imaging of the brain. High-resolution structural MRI can be used to map the anatomical boundaries between functional domains of the brain by identifying changes related to the pattern of myelination within cortical gray matter, opening up the possibility to study the relationship between functional domains and underlying structure in vivo. In a recent study, we demonstrated the correspondence between functional (based on retinotopic mapping) and structural (based on changes in T2(⁎)-weighted images linked to myelination) parcellations of the primary visual cortex (V1) in vivo at 7T (Sanchez-Panchuelo et al., 2012b). Here, we take advantage of the improved BOLD CNR and high spatial resolution achievable at 7T to study regional structural variations across the functionally defined areas within the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) in individual subjects. Using a traveling wave fMRI paradigm to map the internal somatotopic representation of the index, middle, and ring fingers in S1, we were able to identify multiple map reversals at the tip and base, corresponding to the boundaries between Brodmann areas 3a, 3b, 1 and 2. Based on high resolution structural MRI data acquired in the same subjects, we inspected these functionally-parcellated Brodmann areas for differences in cortical thickness and MR contrast measures (magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) and signal intensity in phase sensitive inversion recovery (PSIR) images) that are sensitive to myelination. Consistent area-related differences in cortical thickness and MTR/PSIR measurements were found across subjects. However these measures did not have sufficient sensitivity to allow definition of areal boundaries.
|
['Adult', 'Brain Mapping', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Physical Stimulation', 'Somatosensory Cortex', 'Touch Perception']
| 23,558,101
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E05.723'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.670.675', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.906'], ['F02.463.593.894']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Cigarette smoking: effect on perceptions of source credibility.
|
This study examined the effect of cigarette smoking on the perceptions of source credibility. A sample of smokers and nonsmokers were recruited (N = 272) and randomly assigned to view one of four versions of a photograph: male with cigarette, female with cigarette, male without cigarette, and female without cigarette. Perceptions of the photographs were then recorded using a credibility scale. Nonsmoking models were rated significantly higher than smokers in competency, character, and composure while smoking models received significantly higher marks than nonsmokers in extroversion.
|
['Adult', 'Attitude', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Male', 'Semantic Differential', 'Smoking']
| 2,385,728
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401'], ['F02.694.663', 'F04.711.647.745'], ['F01.145.805']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Initial learning curve for robot-assisted partial nephrectomy performed by a single experienced robotic surgeon.
|
INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study was to evaluate the initial learning curve for robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) using the da Vinci Xi Surgical System (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, California).METHODS: This study included the initial 65 consecutive patients with small renal tumors who had undergone RAPN at our institution. A single trained surgeon with extensive experience in robot-assisted radical prostatectomy, but not in laparoscopic partial nephrectomy, performed RAPN for all patients using the da Vinci Xi. The learning curve was analyzed by examining the perioperative outcomes among five groups each consisting of 13 consecutive patients.RESULTS: In this series, the median tumor size and R.E.N.A.L. nephrometry score were 23 mm and 7, respectively, and the median console time and warm ischemia time (WIT) were 116 and 15 minutes, respectively. Fifty-eight patients (89.2%) achieved trifecta outcomes, meaning that the ischemic time was ?25 minutes, there was a negative surgical margin, and no major postoperative complications occurred. Although there were no significant changes in R.E.N.A.L. nephrometry scores over time, increased surgeon experience was significantly associated with a shorter console time and WIT. Drawing logarithmic approximation curves enabled the achievement of a console time ?150 minutes and WIT ?20 minutes at the sixth and fourth procedures, respectively. Furthermore, multivariate analysis identified an independent correlation between surgeon experience with WIT, but not with console time.CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that regardless of a surgeon's prior experience in laparoscopic partial nephrectomy, an experienced robotic surgeon can perform RAPN using the da Vinci Xi with acceptable perioperative outcomes after a small number of procedures.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Clinical Competence', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'Learning Curve', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nephrectomy', 'Robotic Surgical Procedures', 'Surgeons']
| 30,689,309
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.945.947.535', 'C12.758.820.750', 'C12.777.419.473', 'C13.351.937.820.535', 'C13.351.968.419.473'], ['F02.784.629.529.274'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.950.774.435'], ['E04.749.500', 'J01.897.104.834.500'], ['M01.526.485.810.910', 'N02.360.810.910']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Lipid core peptide/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) as a highly potent intranasal vaccine delivery system against Group A streptococcus.
|
Rheumatic heart disease represents a leading cause of mortality caused by Group A Streptococcus (GAS) infections transmitted through the respiratory route. Although GAS infections can be treated with antibiotics these are often inadequate. An efficacious GAS vaccine holds more promise, with intranasal vaccination especially attractive, as it mimics the natural route of infections and should be able to induce mucosal IgA and systemic IgG immunity. Nanoparticles were prepared by either encapsulating or coating lipopeptide-based vaccine candidate (LCP-1) on the surface of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). In vitro study showed that encapsulation of LCP-1 vaccine into nanoparticles improved uptake and maturations of antigen-presenting cells. The immunogenicity of lipopeptide incorporated PLGA-based nanoparticles was compared with peptides co-administered with mucosal adjuvant cholera toxin B in mice upon intranasal administration. Higher levels of J14-specific salivary mucosal IgA and systemic antibody IgG titres were observed for groups immunized with encapsulated LCP-1 compared to LCP-1 coated nanoparticles or free LCP-1. Systemic antibodies obtained from LCP-1 encapsulated PLGA NPs inhibited the growth of bacteria in six different GAS strains. Our results show that PLGA-based lipopeptide delivery is a promising approach for rational design of a simple, effective and patient friendly intranasal GAS vaccine resulting in mucosal IgA response.
|
['Adjuvants, Immunologic', 'Administration, Intranasal', 'Animals', 'Antibodies, Bacterial', 'Cholera Toxin', 'Drug Delivery Systems', 'Female', 'Immunoglobulin A', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Lactic Acid', 'Lipopeptides', 'Mice', 'Nanoparticles', 'Polyglycolic Acid', 'Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer', 'Streptococcal Vaccines', 'Streptococcus pyogenes', 'Vaccination']
| 27,659,862
|
[['D27.505.696.477.067'], ['E02.319.267.120.655.500'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.107', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.125'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.115.180', 'D23.946.123.194', 'D23.946.330.150'], ['E02.319.300'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.026', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.026', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.026'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D02.241.511.459.450'], ['D10.477', 'D12.644.365'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['J01.637.512.600'], ['D05.750.728.780', 'D25.720.728.780', 'J01.637.051.720.728.780'], ['D02.241.511.459.450.500', 'D05.750.728.780.500', 'D25.720.728.780.500', 'J01.637.051.720.728.780.500'], ['D20.215.894.135.750'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.575', 'B03.510.400.800.872.575', 'B03.510.550.737.872.575'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Depressive symptoms before and after elective hysterectomy.
|
OBJECTIVE: To examine the factors associated with depressive symptoms before and after surgery in women who undergo elective hysterectomy.DESIGN: A secondary analysis of longitudinal data from a prospective cohort study designed to understand chronic postsurgical pain in women.SETTING: One acute care hospital in southeastern, Ontario, over a 4-year period (2006-2010).PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred eighty-four (384) English-speaking women, age 18 years or older, who presented for elective hysterectomies.METHODS: Data were gathered preoperatively in the same-day admission center and six months postoperatively using validated web-based or mailed questionnaires.RESULTS: Thirty six percent (36%) of participants reported depressive symptoms before surgery, 22% reported symptoms afterwards, 15% reported symptoms at both time points, and 6% developed new onset depressive symptoms postoperatively. Younger (odds ratio [OR] = 2.5, 95% confidence interval [CI], [1.7, 5.0]) women, those with higher levels of anxiety (state: OR = 8.6, 95% CI [5.2, 14.0]), or who experienced pain that interfered with their daily functioning (OR = 2.8, 95% CI [1.7, 4.7]) were more likely to report depressive symptoms prior to hysterectomy. Preoperative pain (OR = 2.0, 95% CI [1.1, 3.6]), trait anxiety (OR = 2.4, 95% CI [1.2, 4.6]), and depressive symptoms (OR = 3.9, 95% CI [2.1, 7.5]) increased the risk of depressive symptoms 6 months postoperatively.CONCLUSION: Young women who exhibit high levels of anxiety and pain and who require a hysterectomy are at risk of experiencing psychological distress prior to and following their surgery.
|
['Adult', 'Age Distribution', 'Aged', 'Cohort Studies', 'Confidence Intervals', 'Depression', 'Elective Surgical Procedures', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Hysterectomy', 'Incidence', 'Middle Aged', 'Odds Ratio', 'Ontario', 'Postoperative Period', 'Preoperative Period', 'Quality of Life', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 22,273,413
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E05.318.740.275', 'N05.715.360.750.220', 'N06.850.520.830.275'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['E04.249'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.950.300.399'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['Z01.107.567.176.639'], ['E04.614.750', 'N02.421.585.753.750'], ['E04.614.937', 'N02.421.585.753.937'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Liver X receptor-mediated induction of cholesteryl ester transfer protein expression is selectively impaired in inflammatory macrophages.
|
OBJECTIVE: Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is a target gene for the liver X receptor (LXR). The aim of this study was to further explore this regulation in the monocyte-macrophage lineage and its modulation by lipid loading and inflammation, which are key steps in the process of atherogenesis.METHODS AND RESULTS: Exposure of bone marrow-derived macrophages from human CETP transgenic mice to the T0901317 LXR agonist increased CETP, PLTP, and ABCA1 mRNA levels. T0901317 also markedly increased CETP mRNA levels and CETP production in human differentiated macrophages, whereas it had no effect on CETP expression in human peripheral blood monocytes. In inflammatory mouse and human macrophages, LXR-mediated CETP gene upregulation was inhibited, even though ABCA1, ABCG1, and SREBP1c inductions were maintained. The inhibition of CETP gene response to LXR agonists in inflammatory cells was independent of lipid loading (ie, oxidized LDL increased CETP production in noninflammatory macrophages with a synergistic effect of synthetic LXR agonists).CONCLUSIONS: LXR-mediated induction of human CETP expression is switched on during monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation, is magnified by lipid loading, and is selectively lost in inflammatory macrophages, which suggests that inflammatory cells may not increase the circulating CETP pool on LXR agonist treatment.
|
['Animals', 'Atherosclerosis', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Humans', 'Inflammation', 'Lipoproteins, LDL', 'Liver X Receptors', 'Macrophages', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Models, Animal', 'Monocytes', 'Orphan Nuclear Receptors', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Phospholipid Transfer Proteins', 'Probability', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Up-Regulation']
| 19,679,828
|
[['B01.050'], ['C14.907.137.126.307'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251'], ['D09.400.430.750', 'D12.776.124.197', 'D12.776.157.165', 'D12.776.395.199'], ['G05.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.470'], ['D10.532.515', 'D12.776.521.550'], ['D12.776.260.531', 'D12.776.826.194'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['E05.598'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['D12.776.260.643', 'D12.776.826.209', 'D12.776.930.645'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D12.776.157.674', 'D12.776.543.693'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Rural Area Deprivation and Hospitalizations Among Children for Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions.
|
This study examined the intersection of rurality and community area deprivation using a nine-state sample of inpatient hospitalizations among children (<18 years of age) from 2011. One state from each of the nine US census regions with substantial rural representation and varying degrees of community vulnerability was selected. An area deprivation index was constructed and used in conjunction with rurality to examine differences in the rate of ACSC hospitalizations among children in the sample states. A mixed model with both fixed and random effects was used to test influence of rurality and area deprivation on the odds of a pediatric hospitalization due to an ACSC within the sample. Of primary interest was the interaction of rurality and area deprivation. The study found rural counties are disproportionality represented among the most deprived. Within the least deprived counties, the likelihood of an ACSC hospitalization was significantly lower in rural than among their urban counterparts. However, this rural advantage declines as the level of deprivation increases, suggesting the effect of rurality becomes more important as social and economic advantage deteriorates. We also found ACSC hospitalization to be much higher among racial/ethnic minority children and those with Medicaid or self-pay as an anticipated source of payment. These findings further contribute to the existing body of evidence documenting racial/ethnic disparities in important health related outcomes.
|
['Adolescent', 'Ambulatory Care', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Healthcare Disparities', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Medically Underserved Area', 'Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act', 'Social Determinants of Health', 'United States', 'Vulnerable Populations']
| 26,516,019
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E02.760.106', 'N02.421.585.106'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['N04.590.374.380', 'N05.300.493'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['N03.349.650.340', 'N05.300.450.520'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.918', 'N03.706.615.806'], ['N01.224.425.762', 'N01.400.675'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['M01.965']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Immunohistochemical studies on uterine tumors. I. Invasive squamous cell carcinomas of the cervix and their precursors.
|
40 invasive carcinomas and 80 preinvasive lesions of the uterine cervix were studied immunohistochemically; 40 benign lesions served as controls. On histological and immunohistochemical examination, invasive and preinvasive carcinomas were subdivided in the squamous (large cell, ectocervical) type and the reserve cell (small, large or clear cell, endocervical) type. Immunohistochemically, 100% of the invasive and preinvasive squamous cell carcinomas were positive with anticytokeratins 13, 14, 16 and negative with anticytokeratin 8 and anti-CEA. Most of the invasive and preinvasive reserve cell carcinomas showed a coexpression of cytokeratins 13, 14, 16, 8 and CEA. The subdivision of invasive carcinomas of the ecto- and endocervix into squamous cell and reserve cell types made by means of their structural differences is substantiated and re-evaluated by their immunohistochemical reactions. Both types of carcinomas retain the complex pattern of cytokeratins shown by their cells of origin. The reserve cell carcinomas, in addition, acquire a coexpression for CEA that indicates malignant transformation. The subdivision is of clinical importance because both types of carcinomas vary in their mode and speed of invasion and spread and in their association with HPV infection.
|
['Carcinoembryonic Antigen', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Keratins', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Precancerous Conditions', 'Uterine Cervical Neoplasms']
| 1,709,284
|
[['D12.776.395.550.200.210', 'D12.776.543.550.200.210', 'D23.050.285.329', 'D23.050.301.350.210', 'D23.101.140.300'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['D05.750.078.593.450', 'D12.776.220.475.450', 'D12.776.860.607'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['C04.834'], ['C04.588.945.418.948.850', 'C13.351.500.852.593.131', 'C13.351.500.852.762.850', 'C13.351.937.418.875.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Protein stability and dynamics influenced by ligands in extremophilic complexes - a molecular dynamics investigation.
|
In this study, we explore the structural and dynamic adaptations of the Tryptophan synthase á-subunit in a ligand bound state in psychrophilic, mesophilic and hyperthermophilic organisms at different temperatures by MD simulations. We quantify the global and local fluctuations in the 40 ns time scale by analyzing the root mean square deviation/fluctuations. The distinct behavior of the active site and loop 6 is observed with the elevation of temperature. Protein stability relies more on electrostatic interactions, and these interactions might be responsible for the stability of varying temperature evolved proteins. The paper also focuses on the effect of temperature on protein dynamics and stability governed by the distinct behavior of the ligand associated with its retention, binding and dissociation over the course of time. The integration of principle component analysis and a free energy landscape was useful in identifying the conformational space accessible to ligand bound homologues and how the presence of the ligand alters the conformational and dynamic properties of the protein.
|
['Hydrogen Bonding', 'Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions', 'Ligands', 'Molecular Docking Simulation', 'Molecular Dynamics Simulation', 'Principal Component Analysis', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Stability', 'Protein Subunits', 'Proteins', 'Thermodynamics', 'Tryptophan Synthase']
| 28,737,816
|
[['G02.282'], ['G02.409'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['E05.599.595.249', 'L01.224.160.249'], ['E05.599.595.500', 'G02.111.570.895', 'L01.224.160.500'], ['E05.318.740.562'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.700'], ['D12.776.813'], ['D12.776'], ['G01.906'], ['D08.811.520.241.300.850', 'D08.811.600.896']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The GABAB receptor agonist, baclofen, contributes to three distinct varieties of amnesia in the human brain - A detailed case report.
|
We describe a patient in whom long-term, therapeutic infusion of the selective gamma-amino-butyric acid type B (GABAB) receptor agonist, baclofen, into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) gave rise to three distinct varieties of memory impairment: i) repeated, short periods of severe global amnesia, ii) accelerated long-term forgetting (ALF), evident over intervals of days and iii) a loss of established autobiographical memories. This pattern of impairment has been reported in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), in particular the subtype of Transient Epileptic Amnesia (TEA). The amnesic episodes and accelerated forgetting remitted on withdrawal of baclofen, while the autobiographical amnesia (AbA) persisted. This exceptional case highlights the occurrence of 'non-standard' forms of human amnesia, reflecting the biological complexity of memory processes. It suggests a role for GABAB signalling in the modulation of human memory over multiple time-scales and hints at its involvement in 'epileptic amnesia'.
|
['Amnesia', 'Analgesics', 'Baclofen', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Memory, Episodic', 'Memory, Short-Term', 'Middle Aged', 'Pain', 'Retention, Psychology']
| 26,599,496
|
[['C10.597.606.525.100', 'C23.888.592.604.529.100', 'F01.700.625.100', 'F03.615.200'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014', 'D27.505.954.427.040'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425.540.254'], ['F02.463.425.540.407'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['F02.463.425.540.772']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Cell damage associated with changing the medium of mesencephalic cultures in serum-free medium is mediated via N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors.
|
Dopaminergic neurons from embryonic rat mesencephalon were grown in simple serum-free media. The cells develop over a period of several weeks in vitro, particularly between day 14 and day 23. Removing the culture medium and replacing it with fresh medium during this interval caused severe damage to the cultures; this damage is mediated by excitatory amino acids acting through glutamate receptors. Damage could be completely prevented by antagonists of the N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of glutamate receptor. As expected, medium that contains glutamate (i.e., Ham's F-12 medium) caused damage; however, medium that contains no glutamate or aspartate (i.e., Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium) also caused severe damage, and most of the damage was dependent on the presence of glutamine in the medium. The presence of the antibiotics penicillin and streptomycin greatly enhanced damage caused by medium change.
|
['2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate', '6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione', 'Animals', 'Buffers', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Culture Media', 'Dizocilpine Maleate', 'Glutamates', 'Glutamic Acid', 'Mesencephalon', 'N-Methylaspartate', 'Quinoxalines', 'Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate']
| 1,672,142
|
[['D12.125.070.950.100', 'D12.125.740.025'], ['D03.633.100.857.160'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.720.470.280'], ['A11.251'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.181.384.380', 'D04.615.181.384.380'], ['D12.125.067.625', 'D12.125.119.409'], ['D12.125.067.625.349', 'D12.125.119.409.349', 'D12.125.427.300'], ['A08.186.211.132.659'], ['D12.125.067.500.400', 'D12.125.119.170.400'], ['D03.633.100.857'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.500.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.400.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of alkane tumor-promoting agents on chemically induced mutagenesis in cultured V79 Chinese hamster cells.
|
Linear alkanes of specific chain length between 6 and 16 carbon atoms, an aryl derivative of dodecane, and a phorbol diester were tested in a cell culture system for relative ability to enhance mutagenesis induced by a chemical carcinogen, methylazoxymethanol acetate (MAM). Mutation frequencies at the ouabain-resistance locus were measured. Results indicated an excellent correlation between the relative activities of the above compounds in enhancing mutagenesis in the in vitro culture system and their tumor-promoting activities in mouse skin. None of the compounds tested showed mutagenic activity per se, further lending support to the theory that promoters act via derepression of latent carcinogen-induced damage to the genome.
|
['Alkanes', 'Carcinogens', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Mutagens']
| 633,409
|
[['D02.455.326.146'], ['D27.888.569.100'], ['A11.251'], ['D27.888.569.468']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Prognostic role of morphological characteristics of the immune response in uveal melanoblastomas of various cellular types].
|
Histological examinations of 508 uveal melanoblastomas revealed morphological features of cell-mediated immune response and signs of degeneration and necrosis in a large number of tumors. Both histochemical and ultrastructural studies indicated a high functional activity of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages infiltrating the tumors. The intensity of lymphocyte-plasma cell infiltration of melanoblastomas was found to depend on the cell type of the tumor, its size, and relation to the surrounding tissues. The results of the study suggest that spindle-cell type A melanoblastomas are the least immunogenic and mixed and epithelioid melanoblastomas are the most immunogenic. It has first been shown that the presence of lymphocyte-plasma cell infiltration in spindle-cell type B, mixed, and epithelioid melanoblastomas is an unfavourable prognostic sign.
|
['Humans', 'Lymphocytes', 'Melanoma', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Prognosis', 'Sclera', 'Uveal Neoplasms']
| 6,625,934
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510', 'C04.557.665.510'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['E01.789'], ['A09.371.784'], ['C04.588.364.978', 'C11.319.494', 'C11.941.855']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dilution of protein-surfactant complexes: a fluorescence study.
|
Dilution of protein-surfactant complexes is an integrated step in microfluidic protein sizing, where the contribution of free micelles to the overall fluorescence is reduced by dilution. This process can be further improved by establishing an optimum surfactant concentration and quantifying the amount of protein based on the fluorescence intensity. To this end, we study the interaction of proteins with anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and cationic hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) using a hydrophobic fluorescent dye (sypro orange). We analyze these interactions fluourometrically with bovine serum albumin, carbonic anhydrase, and beta-galactosidase as model proteins. The fluorescent signature of protein-surfactant complexes at various dilution points shows three distinct regions, surfactant dominant, breakdown, and protein dominant region. Based on the dilution behavior of protein-surfactant complexes, we propose a fluorescence model to explain the contribution of free and bound micelles to the overall fluorescence. Our results show that protein peak is observed at 3 mM SDS as the optimum dilution concentration. Furthermore, we study the effect of protein concentration on fluorescence intensity. In a single protein model with a constant dye quantum yield, the peak height increases with protein concentration. Finally, addition of CTAB to the protein-SDS complex at mole fractions above 0.1 shifts the protein peak from 3 mM to 4 mM SDS. The knowledge of protein-surfactant interactions obtained from these studies provides significant insights for novel detection and quantification techniques in microfluidics.
|
['Animals', 'Anions', 'Carbonic Anhydrases', 'Cations', 'Cattle', 'Cetrimonium', 'Cetrimonium Compounds', 'Fluorescence', 'Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions', 'Micelles', 'Serum Albumin, Bovine', 'Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate', 'Surface-Active Agents', 'beta-Galactosidase']
| 23,868,358
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.248.497.158'], ['D08.811.520.241.300.150'], ['D01.248.497.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D02.092.877.883.111.500', 'D02.675.276.190.500'], ['D02.092.877.883.111', 'D02.675.276.190'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665.500', 'G01.590.540.665.500'], ['G02.409'], ['D05.374', 'D26.255.560'], ['D12.776.034.841.540', 'D12.776.124.727.875'], ['D02.033.415.220.720', 'D02.886.645.600.055.050.632', 'D10.289.220.720'], ['D27.720.877'], ['D08.811.277.450.410.100']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Temporal changes in the attitude towards smoking bans in public arenas among adults in the Capital Region of Denmark from 2007 to 2010.
|
AIM: The population's attitude towards smoking bans in public arenas is important for their passing, implementation and compliance. Smoking bans are believed to reduce the social acceptability of smoking, and once people experience them, public support increases--also among pre-ban sceptics. This study aimed to examine the temporal changes in public attitude towards smoking bans in public arenas from 2007 to 2010 and whether these changes differed across educational attainment, smoking status and intention to quit among smokers.METHODS: Data from two surveys among adults (aged 25-79 years) in 2007 and 2010 in the Capital Region of Denmark (n=36,472/42,504, response rate = 52.3) was linked with data on sex, age and educational attainment from central registers. Age-standardised prevalence of supportive attitude towards smoking bans was estimated. Temporal changes in supportive attitude were explored in workplaces, restaurants and bars using logistic regression models.RESULTS: The prevalence of supportive attitude towards smoking bans increased significantly in all arenas from 2007 to 2010. Positive temporal changes in supportive attitude towards smoking bans were seen across educational attainment, smoking status and intention to quit smoking in restaurants and across smoking status for smoking bans in workplaces and bars.CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study show that the public's attitude towards smoking in public arenas has changed after the implementation of a comprehensive smoking ban. This change in attitude can support implementation of future legislation on smoking and may lead to positive changes in smoking norms.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Attitude to Health', 'Denmark', 'Educational Status', 'Female', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Intention', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Restaurants', 'Smoking', 'Smoking Cessation', 'Smoking Prevention', 'Time Factors', 'Tobacco Smoke Pollution', 'Workplace']
| 24,728,934
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['Z01.542.816.124'], ['N01.824.196'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.658.650', 'F02.463.306'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['J01.576.423.500.700', 'J03.813'], ['F01.145.805'], ['F01.145.488.732'], ['I02.233.332.812', 'N02.421.726.407.840'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D20.633.937.680', 'N06.850.460.100.555'], ['N01.824.245.925', 'N04.452.677.975']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Norbenzomorphan Framework as a Novel Scaffold for Generating Sigma 2 Receptor/PGRMC1 Subtype-Selective Ligands.
|
A novel structural class with high affinity and subtype selectivity for the sigma 2 receptor has been discovered. Preliminary structure-affinity relationship data are presented showing that 8-substituted 1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-methanobenzazepine (norbenzomorphan) derivatives elicit modest to high selectivity for the sigma 2 over the sigma 1 receptor subtype. Indeed, piperazine analogue 8-(4-(3-ethoxy-3-oxopropyl)piperazin-1-yl)-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-methanobenzazepine-2-carboxylate (SAS-1121) is 574-fold selective for the sigma 2 over the sigma 1 receptor, thereby establishing it as one of the more subtype-selective sigma 2 binding ligands reported to date. Emerging evidence has implicated the sigma 2 receptor in multiple health disorders, so the drug-like characteristics of many of the selective sigma 2 receptor ligands disclosed herein, coupled with their structural similarity to frameworks found in known drugs, suggest that norbenzomorphan analogues may be promising candidates for further development into drug leads.
|
['Animals', 'Benzazepines', 'Benzomorphans', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Ligands', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Piperazines', 'Radioligand Assay', 'Rats', 'Receptors, Progesterone', 'Receptors, sigma', 'Stereoisomerism']
| 26,915,462
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.633.100.079'], ['D03.132.577.249.106', 'D04.615.723.795.106'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['D12.776.543'], ['D03.383.606'], ['E01.370.225.985', 'E01.370.374.650', 'E01.370.384.720', 'E05.200.985'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.826.750.765'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.620.775', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.610.775', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.610.775'], ['G02.607.445.682']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Structures of the substrate-free and product-bound forms of HmuO, a heme oxygenase from corynebacterium diphtheriae: x-ray crystallography and molecular dynamics investigation.
|
Heme oxygenase catalyzes the degradation of heme to biliverdin, iron, and carbon monoxide. Here, we present crystal structures of the substrate-free, Fe(3+)-biliverdin-bound, and biliverdin-bound forms of HmuO, a heme oxygenase from Corynebacterium diphtheriae, refined to 1.80, 1.90, and 1.85 ? resolution, respectively. In the substrate-free structure, the proximal and distal helices, which tightly bracket the substrate heme in the substrate-bound heme complex, move apart, and the proximal helix is partially unwound. These features are supported by the molecular dynamic simulations. The structure implies that the heme binding fixes the enzyme active site structure, including the water hydrogen bond network critical for heme degradation. The biliverdin groups assume the helical conformation and are located in the heme pocket in the crystal structures of the Fe(3+)-biliverdin-bound and the biliverdin-bound HmuO, prepared by in situ heme oxygenase reaction from the heme complex crystals. The proximal His serves as the Fe(3+)-biliverdin axial ligand in the former complex and forms a hydrogen bond through a bridging water molecule with the biliverdin pyrrole nitrogen atoms in the latter complex. In both structures, salt bridges between one of the biliverdin propionate groups and the Arg and Lys residues further stabilize biliverdin at the HmuO heme pocket. Additionally, the crystal structure of a mixture of two intermediates between the Fe(3+)-biliverdin and biliverdin complexes has been determined at 1.70 ? resolution, implying a possible route for iron exit.
|
['Biliverdine', 'Binding Sites', 'Corynebacterium diphtheriae', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Diphtheria', 'Heme', 'Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing)', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen Bonding', 'Iron', 'Molecular Dynamics Simulation', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Conformation', 'Protein Structure, Secondary', 'Water']
| 24,106,279
|
[['D03.383.129.578.840.249.184.200', 'D03.633.400.909.249.184.200', 'D04.345.783.249.184.200', 'D23.767.193.184.200'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['B03.510.024.250.150', 'B03.510.460.400.400.200.150'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.246.388'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.500.640.587', 'D03.633.400.909.500.640.587', 'D04.345.783.500.640.587', 'D23.767.727.640.587'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.282'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['E05.599.595.500', 'G02.111.570.895', 'L01.224.160.500'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Perceptions of communicative disorders: verification and specification of rater variables.
|
UNLABELLED: Using semantic differential scales with nine trait pairs, 600 students at three universities rated five descriptions, one depicting an individual without a disorder and four portraying individuals with communicative disorders. Statistical analyses indicated that the description with no disorder was rated as significantly less ambitious than the described articulation disorder. Other differences emerged when raters were divided by gender and age. Male subjects rated the portrayed individuals as more highly stressed than did females. A significant negative correlation was found for age of respondent and ratings of self-esteem. Results support previous research suggesting that rater gender and age impact perceptions of communicative disorders.LEARNING OUTCOMES: As a result of this activity, the participant will be able to: (1) identify the different means by which investigators have studied the stereotyping of people with communicative disorders, (2) discuss how listeners perceive those with and without communicative disorders, and (3) identify listener traits that may be associated with negative perceptions of people with communicative disorders.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Communication Disorders', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Observer Variation', 'Semantics', 'Speech Perception', 'Stereotyping']
| 11,508,900
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C10.597.606.150', 'C23.888.592.604.150', 'F03.625.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['L01.559.598.745'], ['F02.463.593.071.875', 'G07.888.125.875'], ['F01.100.920', 'F01.145.813.854']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Robust gene expression programs underlie recurrent cell states and phenotype switching in melanoma.
|
Melanoma cells can switch between a melanocytic and a mesenchymal-like state. Scattered evidence indicates that additional intermediate state(s) may exist. Here, to search for such states and decipher their underlying gene regulatory network (GRN), we studied 10 melanoma cultures using single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) as well as 26 additional cultures using bulk RNA-seq. Although each culture exhibited a unique transcriptome, we identified shared GRNs that underlie the extreme melanocytic and mesenchymal states and the intermediate state. This intermediate state is corroborated by a distinct chromatin landscape and is governed by the transcription factors SOX6, NFATC2, EGR3, ELF1 and ETV4. Single-cell migration assays confirmed the intermediate migratory phenotype of this state. Using time-series sampling of single cells after knockdown of SOX10, we unravelled the sequential and recurrent arrangement of GRNs during phenotype switching. Taken together, these analyses indicate that an intermediate state exists and is driven by a distinct and stable 'mixed' GRN rather than being a symbiotic heterogeneous mix of cells.
|
['Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Gene Regulatory Networks', 'Humans', 'Melanoma', 'Phenotype', 'RNA, Neoplasm', 'RNA-Seq', 'SOXE Transcription Factors', 'Transcription Factors', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 32,753,671
|
[['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G05.308.370'], ['G05.360.080.689.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510', 'C04.557.665.510'], ['G05.695'], ['D13.444.735.615'], ['E05.393.332.250', 'E05.393.760.319.500', 'E05.393.760.710.500'], ['D12.776.260.719.500', 'D12.776.660.235.400.750.500', 'D12.776.664.235.400.750.500', 'D12.776.930.823.500'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Competence formation in nurse midwife students starting with obstetrical management].
|
How a novice in care giving becomes an expert? Based on a qualitative approach, the authors propose lines of reflexion for formative trainers in care giving. They explore the concept of skills and use knowledge typologies. They conduct explication interviews among two groups of midwives; one group is constituted of novices, the other group is constituted of experts. The authors show a synthesis of the results and conclude by making proposals regarding strategies to help the development of skills in students.
|
['Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Clinical Competence', 'Education, Nursing, Continuing', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Inservice Training', 'Nurse Midwives', 'Nursing Education Research', 'Nursing Methodology Research', 'Obstetrics', 'Palpation', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Qualitative Research', 'Students, Nursing', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Switzerland']
| 15,085,566
|
[['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['I02.358.212.450', 'I02.358.462.399'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I02.574'], ['M01.526.485.650.648.762', 'N02.360.650.648.762'], ['H01.770.644.145.390.413', 'H02.478.395.413', 'I02.358.462.612', 'N04.590.233.508.613.413'], ['H01.770.644.145.390.634', 'H02.478.395.634', 'N04.590.233.508.613.634'], ['H02.403.810.450'], ['E01.370.600.600'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['H01.770.644.241.850'], ['M01.848.769.685'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.542.883']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Subjective and objective binge eating in relation to eating disorder symptomatology, negative affect, and personality dimensions.
|
OBJECTIVE: The current study explored the clinical meaningfulness of distinguishing subjective (SBE) from objective binge eating (OBE) among individuals with threshold/subthreshold bulimia nervosa (BN). We examined relations between OBEs and SBEs and eating disorder symptoms, negative affect, and personality dimensions using both a group comparison and a continuous approach.METHOD: Participants were 204 adult females meeting criteria for threshold/subthreshold BN who completed questionnaires related to disordered eating, affect, and personality.RESULTS: Group comparisons indicated that SBE and OBE groups did not significantly differ on eating disorder pathology or negative affect, but did differ on two personality dimensions (cognitive distortion and attentional impulsivity). Using the continuous approach, we found that frequencies of SBEs (not OBEs) accounted for unique variance in weight/shape concern, diuretic use frequency, depressive symptoms, anxiety, social avoidance, insecure attachment, and cognitive distortion.DISCUSSION: SBEs in the context of BN may indicate broader areas of psychopathology.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Affect', 'Aged', 'Anxiety', 'Bulimia', 'Depression', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Feeding and Eating Disorders', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Personality', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 23,109,272
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.047'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.470.132'], ['C23.888.821.645.500'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['F03.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.752'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Delayed emergence from propofol, nitrous oxide and oxygen anesthesia--a case report].
|
We report a case of delayed recovery after the termination of propofol and nitrous oxide anesthesia. On the preoperative examination hepatic dysfunction (Indocyanine green (ICG) plasma retention rate at 15 minutes of 22%) was pointed out. Anesthesia was maintained with epidural block, nitrous oxide, oxygen and propofol. Average infusion rate of propofol was 5-6 mg.kg-1.h-1. Although at the end of the operation, the propofol infusion and nitrous oxide were stopped simultaneously, 59 minutes were necessary before the emergence from anesthesia. We consider that an average infusion rate of propofol should be decelerated in a case of ICG clearance time elongation.
|
['Aged', 'Anesthesia Recovery Period', 'Anesthesia, Epidural', 'Anesthesia, General', 'Anesthetics, Intravenous', 'Humans', 'Inactivation, Metabolic', 'Indocyanine Green', 'Liver', 'Liver Function Tests', 'Male', 'Nitrous Oxide', 'Oxygen', 'Propofol', 'Time Factors']
| 9,251,517
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E03.160', 'E04.614.750.055', 'N02.421.585.753.750.055'], ['E03.155.086.131'], ['E03.155.197'], ['D27.505.696.277.100.035.075', 'D27.505.954.427.210.100.035.075'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G03.171.450', 'G03.787.225.450', 'G07.690.725.225.450'], ['D03.633.100.473.400'], ['A03.620'], ['E01.370.372.460'], ['D01.362.635.625', 'D01.625.550.550', 'D01.650.550.587.650'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.773'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Novel developmental biology-based protocol of embryonic stem cell differentiation to morphologically sound and functional yet immature hepatocytes.
|
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Liver diseases are common in the United States and often require liver transplantation; however, donated organs are limited and thus alternative sources for liver cells are in high demand. Embryonic stem cells (ESC) can provide a continuous and readily available source of liver cells. ESC differentiation to liver cells is yet to be fully understood and comprehensive differentiation protocols are yet to be defined. Here, we aimed to achieve human (h)ESC differentiation into mature hepatocytes using defined recombinant differentiation factors and metabolites.METHODS: Embryonic stem cell H1 line was sub-cultured on feeder layer. We induced hESCs into endodermal differentiation succeeded by early/late hepatic specification and finally into hepatocyte maturation using step combinations of Activin A and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 for 7 days; followed by FGF-4 and bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) for 7 days, succeeded by FGF-10 + hepatocyte growth factor 4 + epidermal growth factor for 14 days. Specific inhibitors/stimulators were added sequentially throughout differentiation. Cells were analysed by PCR, flow cytometry, microscopy or functional assays.RESULTS: Our hESC differentiation protocol resulted in viable cells with hepatocyte shape and morphology. We observed gradual changes in cell transcriptome, including up-regulation of differentiation-promoting GATA4, GATA6, POU5F1 and HNF4 transcription factors, steady levels of stemness-promoting SOX-2 and low levels of Nanog, as defined by PCR. The hESC-derived hepatocytes expressed alpha-antitrypsin, CD81, cytokeratin 8 and low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor. The levels of alpha-fetoprotein and proliferation marker Ki-67 in hESC-derived hepatocytes remained elevated. Unlike stem cells, the hESC-derived hepatocytes performed LDL uptake, produced albumin and alanine aminotransferase and had functional alcohol dehydrogenase.CONCLUSION: We report a novel protocol for hESC differentiation into morphological and functional yet immature hepatocytes as an alternative method for hepatocyte generation.
|
['Activins', 'Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Survival', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Drug Combinations', 'Embryonic Stem Cells', 'Fibroblast Growth Factors', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Hepatocytes', 'Humans', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Research Design', 'Transcription Factors', 'Up-Regulation']
| 22,292,891
|
[['D06.472.334.500', 'D06.472.699.009', 'D12.644.548.009', 'D12.776.395.022'], ['D12.644.276.954.200.200', 'D12.776.467.942.200.200', 'D23.529.942.200.200'], ['G04.152'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G04.346'], ['A11.251'], ['D26.310'], ['A11.872.700.250'], ['D12.644.276.624', 'D12.776.467.624', 'D23.529.624'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['A11.436.348'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['E05.581.500', 'H01.770.644.728'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Analysis of communication between blind people and Nursing students].
|
Analysis of how three duos of sighted Nursing students and blind people perceived communication in free recorded interaction. It was based on Discourse Analysis with an analytic tool constituted by an interview after the communication moment and by concepts characteristic of the reference framework. The analysis process revealed discourse formations about communication, visual impairment and social inclusion. The communication moment was assessed positively, constructing paraphrases in their discourse. Recording is a factor of emotional change at the start of the interaction for the Nursing students and blind people alike. It provoked meaning in the discourse of two blind persons and one student through founding silence. A discussion is started about the theme and about the incorporation of new technologies for Nursing research.
|
['Adult', 'Communication', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Students, Nursing', 'Visually Impaired Persons']
| 18,604,422
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['M01.848.769.685'], ['M01.150.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Treatment results of intracranial germinoma as a function of the irradiated volume.
|
Between 1962 and 1986, 70 patients were treated with radiation for confirmed or suspected intracranial germinoma at our hospital. The diagnosis was based on histology in 30 cases, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology in 12 cases, and on clinical and radiological findings in the remaining 28 cases. The target of radiation was the primary tumor site in 34 cases (Group A), the entire neuraxis in 22 cases (Group B), the whole brain in 4 cases (Group C), and the ventricle plus spine in 6 cases (Group D). Four patients were not included in the above groups for various reasons. The average radiation dose was 50-55 Gy to the tumor, 30 Gy to the whole brain, and 24 Gy to the spinal axis. The 5- and 10-year survival rates of the 68 primary cases in which radiotherapy was completed were 86% and 79%, respectively. The survival and relapse-free survival rates for the above 4 groups did not differ significantly, although slightly better results were seen in Groups B and C. Five cases in Groups A and D developed intracranial recurrence, 4 adjacent to the primary site but 1 distant from it, whereas no intracranial recurrence was found in the whole-brain-treated groups (B and C). One patient in Group B developed spinal metastasis, which was possibly due to inadequate radiation fields, and another in Group B developed abdominal metastasis via the shunt tube. Craniospinal irradiation should be administered to the patients with demonstrated meningeal seeding or with a positive CSF cytology. For cytology-negative cases with no evident metastasis, irradiation of the tumor plus a wide margin is usually sufficient, but craniospinal irradiation should be considered when the disease extends along the ventricular walls or is present in both pineal and suprasellar regions.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Child', 'Dysgerminoma', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Methods', 'Prognosis', 'Spinal Cord Neoplasms']
| 3,403,311
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C04.557.465.330.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.581'], ['E01.789'], ['C04.588.614.250.803', 'C10.228.854.765', 'C10.551.240.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Structure of exotoxin A of Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 3.0-Angstrom resolution.
|
Exotoxin A of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a secreted bacterial toxin capable of translocating a catalytic domain into mammalian cells and inhibiting protein synthesis by the ADP-ribosylation of cellular elongation factor 2. The protein is a single polypeptide chain of 613 amino acids. The x-ray crystallographic structure of exotoxin A, determined to 3.0-A resolution, shows the following: an amino-terminal domain, composed primarily of antiparallel beta-structure and comprising approximately half of the molecule; a middle domain composed of alpha-helices; and a carboxyl-terminal domain comprising approximately one-third of the molecule. The carboxyl-terminal domain is the ADP-ribosyltransferase of the toxin. The other two domains are presumably involved in cell receptor binding and membrane translocation.
|
['ADP Ribose Transferases', 'Bacterial Toxins', 'Biological Transport', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Enzyme Precursors', 'Exotoxins', 'Models, Molecular', 'Nucleotidyltransferases', 'Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases', 'Protein Conformation', 'Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'Receptors, Cell Surface', 'Receptors, Cholinergic', 'Solubility', 'Virulence Factors', 'X-Ray Diffraction']
| 3,006,045
|
[['D08.811.913.400.725.115'], ['D23.946.123'], ['G03.143'], ['D12.776.157'], ['D08.622', 'D12.776.811.243'], ['D23.946.350'], ['E05.599.595'], ['D08.811.913.696.445'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.115.690'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.100', 'B03.660.250.580.590.050'], ['D12.776.543.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.720.360'], ['G02.805'], ['D23.946.896'], ['E05.196.309.742', 'E05.196.822.950', 'G01.867.950', 'G02.965']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Maximal blood flow after exercise in patients with intermittent claudication and in normal controls.
|
In some patients with intermittent claudication blood flow to the calf muscles after exercise was in the same range as in normals. The blood pressure was lower in all patients. The hypothesis is formulated that for these high flow patients the claudication is a result of non-uniform perfusion of the calf muscles.
|
['Blood Flow Velocity', 'Exercise Test', 'Humans', 'Intermittent Claudication', 'Ischemia', 'Leg', 'Plethysmography']
| 1,529,418
|
[['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.137.126.669', 'C23.888.531'], ['C23.550.513'], ['A01.378.610.500'], ['E01.370.370.610']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Carnitine acyltransferase activities in rat brain mitochondria. Bimodal distribution, kinetic constants, regulation by malonyl-CoA and developmental pattern.
|
Carnitine palmitoyltransferase and carnitine octanoyltransferase activities in brain mitochondrial fractions were approx. 3-4-fold lower than activities in liver. Estimated Km values of CPT1 and CPT2 (the overt and latent forms respectively of carnitine palmitoyltransferase) for L-carnitine were 80 microM and 326 microM, respectively, and K0.5 values for palmitoyl-CoA were 18.5 microM and 12 microM respectively. CPT1 activity was strongly inhibited by malonyl-CoA, with I50 values (concn. giving 50% of maximum inhibition) of approx. 1.5 microM. In the absence of other ligands, [2-14C]malonyl-CoA bound to intact brain mitochondria in a manner consistent with the presence of two independent classes of binding sites. Estimated values for KD(1), KD(2), N1 and N2 were 18 nM, 27 microM, 1.3 pmol/mg of protein and 168 pmol/mg of protein respectively. Neither CPT1 activity, nor its sensitivity towards malonyl-CoA, was affected by 72 h starvation. Rates of oxidation of palmitoyl-CoA (in the presence of L-carnitine) or of palmitoylcarnitine by non-synaptic mitochondria were extremely low, indicating that neither CPT1 nor CPT2 was likely to be rate-limiting for beta-oxidation in brain. CPT1 activity relative to mitochondrial protein increased slightly from birth to weaning (20 days) and thereafter decreased by approx. 50%.
|
['Acyltransferases', 'Animals', 'Brain', 'Carnitine Acyltransferases', 'Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Kinetics', 'Malonyl Coenzyme A', 'Mitochondria', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Synapses']
| 3,977,877
|
[['D08.811.913.050'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D08.811.913.050.350'], ['D08.811.913.050.350.200'], ['E05.481'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.382.300.500', 'D08.211.211.300.500', 'D13.695.667.138.382.300.500', 'D13.695.827.068.382.300.500'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Glucose transporters are abundant in cells with "occluding" junctions at the blood-eye barriers.
|
We studied the distribution of the "erythroid/brain" glucose transporter protein in the human and rat eye by immunocytochemistry with monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to the C terminus of the human erythrocyte glucose transporter. We found intense immunocytochemical staining in the endothelium of microvessels of the retina, optic nerve, and iris but not in microvessels of the choroid, ciliary body, sclera, and other retro-orbital tissues. In addition, we found marked immunocytochemical staining of retinal pigment epithelium, ciliary body epithelium, and posterior epithelium of the iris. The common feature of all those endothelial and epithelial cells that stained intensely for the glucose transporter is the presence of "occluding" intercellular junctions, which constitute the anatomical bases of the blood-eye barriers. We propose that a high density of the glucose transporter is a biochemical concomitant of epithelial and endothelial cells with barrier characteristics, at least in tissues that have a high metabolic requirement for glucose.
|
['Animals', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Epithelium', 'Eye', 'Glucose', 'Humans', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Intercellular Junctions', 'Microcirculation', 'Monosaccharide Transport Proteins', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains']
| 2,190,218
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['A10.272'], ['A01.456.505.420', 'A09.371'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['A11.284.149.165.420'], ['G09.330.100.645'], ['D12.776.157.530.500', 'D12.776.543.585.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comorbidity and outcomes of concurrent chemo- and radiotherapy in limited disease small cell lung cancer.
|
BACKGROUND: Many patients with limited disease small cell lung cancer (LD SCLC) suffer from comorbidity. Not all patients with comorbidity are offered standard treatment, though there is little evidence for such a policy. The aim of this study was to investigate whether patients with comorbidity had inferior outcomes in a LD SCLC cohort.MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analyzed patients from a randomized study comparing two three-week schedules of thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) plus standard chemotherapy in LD SCLC. Patients were to receive four courses of cisplatin/etoposide and TRT of 45 Gy/30 fractions (twice daily) or 42 Gy/15 fractions (once daily). Responders received prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI). Comorbidity was assessed using the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), which rates conditions with increased one-year mortality.RESULTS: In total 157 patients were enrolled between May 2005 and January 2011. Median age was 63 years, 52% were men, 16% had performance status 2, and 72% stage III disease. Forty percent had no comorbidity; 34% had CCI-score 1; 15% CCI 2; and 11% CCI 3-5. There were no significant differences in completion rates of chemotherapy, TRT or PCI across CCI-scores; or any significant differences in the frequency of grade 3-5 toxicity (p = 0.49), treatment-related deaths (p = 0.36), response rates (p = 0.20), progression-free survival (p = 0.18) or overall survival (p = 0.09) between the CCI categories.CONCLUSION: Patients with comorbidity completed and tolerated chemo-radiotherapy as well as other patients. There were no significant differences in response rates, progression-free survival or overall survival - suggesting that comorbidity alone is not a reason to withhold standard therapy in LD SCLC.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Chemoradiotherapy', 'Cisplatin', 'Comorbidity', 'Cranial Irradiation', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Etoposide', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Small Cell Lung Carcinoma', 'Survival Analysis', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 27,549,509
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['E02.186.079', 'E02.319.164', 'E02.815.160'], ['D01.210.375', 'D01.625.125', 'D01.710.100'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['E02.815.190'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.960.675.250', 'D04.615.638.960.675.250', 'D09.408.348.275'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.624', 'C08.381.540.140.750', 'C08.785.520.100.220.750'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Asymptomatic acute bilateral epidural hematoma: results of broader indications for computed tomographic scanning of patients with minor head injuries.
|
The authors report the case of a patient with an apparently minor head injury in whom broader indications for computed tomographic (CT) scanning allowed the early detection and treatment of an acute bilateral extradural hematoma. CT scanning of adult patients with linear skull fractures should be done whenever possible.
|
['Adolescent', 'Brain Injuries', 'Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 3,173,663
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['C10.228.140.199', 'C10.900.300.087', 'C26.915.300.200'], ['C10.228.140.300.535.450.300', 'C10.900.300.837.300', 'C14.907.253.573.400.400', 'C23.550.414.838.349', 'C23.550.414.913.400', 'C26.915.300.490.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Diarrhea, pneumonia, and infectious disease mortality in children aged 5 to 14 years in India.
|
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the causes of death in children in India after age five years. The objective of this study is to provide the first ever direct national and sub-national estimates of infectious disease mortality in Indian children aged 5 to 14 years.METHODS: A verbal autopsy based assessment of 3 855 deaths is children aged 5 to 14 years from a nationally representative survey of deaths occurring in 2001-03 in 1.1 million homes in India.RESULTS: Infectious diseases accounted for 58% of all deaths among children aged 5 to 14 years. About 18% of deaths were due to diarrheal diseases, 10% due to pneumonia, 8% due to central nervous system infections, 4% due to measles, and 12% due to other infectious diseases. Nationally, in 2005 about 59 000 and 34 000 children aged 5 to 14 years died from diarrheal diseases and pneumonia, corresponding to mortality of 24.1 and 13.9 per 100 000 respectively. Mortality was nearly 50% higher in girls than in boys for both diarrheal diseases and pneumonia.CONCLUSIONS: Approximately 60% of all deaths in this age group are due to infectious diseases and nearly half of these deaths are due to diarrheal diseases and pneumonia. Mortality in this age group from infectious diseases, and diarrhea in particular, is much higher than previously estimated.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Communicable Diseases', 'Diarrhea', 'Female', 'Humans', 'India', 'Male', 'Pneumonia']
| 21,629,660
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C01.221', 'C23.550.291.531'], ['C23.888.821.214'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['C01.748.610', 'C08.381.677', 'C08.730.610']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Comparison of a new vasodilating beta-blocker, carvedilol, with atenolol in the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension.
|
Carvedilol is a new cardiovascular compound with the combined pharmacologic properties of nonselective beta-blockade and vasodilation. The aim of this study was to compare the safety and antihypertensive efficacy of 25 to 50 mg carvedilol once daily with 50 to 100 mg atenolol once daily in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. This was a multicenter study conducted in Europe. After a single-blind placebo run-in phase, 325 eligible patients with stable hypertension were randomized to receive 25 mg carvedilol once daily (161 patients) or 50 mg atenolol (164 patients) in a double-blind 8-week treatment phase. After 4 weeks, the dosage was doubled if there was inadequate response. The primary index of efficacy (response) was the reduction of mean sitting diastolic blood pressure to 90 mg Hg or less (normalized) or by at least 10 mm Hg from baseline. At each of three to six run-in phase visits and after 2, 4, and 8 weeks of treatment, sitting blood pressure and heart rate at trough were measured in triplicate, and body weight, adverse experiences, compliance, and use of concomitant medications were assessed. Laboratory tests, including fasting serum lipids, and electrocardiograms were also monitored during the trial. After 8 weeks of treatment, response rates in the carvedilol and atenolol treatment groups were 75% and 82%, respectively. Compared to baseline, the mean sitting blood pressure was significantly (P < .05) reduced by carvedilol from 165/104 mm Hg to 147/89 mm Hg. With atenolol, mean sitting blood pressure was significantly (P < .05) reduced from 167/104 mm Hg to 150/90 mm Hg.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Adolescent', 'Adrenergic beta-Antagonists', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Atenolol', 'Blood Glucose', 'Blood Pressure', 'Carbazoles', 'Carvedilol', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Kidney Function Tests', 'Lipids', 'Liver Function Tests', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Propanolamines', 'Single-Blind Method']
| 7,910,028
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D27.505.519.625.050.200.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.200.200'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.070', 'D02.033.755.624.698.070', 'D02.092.063.624.698.070'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['D03.633.100.473.144', 'D03.633.300.148'], ['D02.033.100.624.151', 'D02.033.755.624.151', 'D02.092.063.624.151', 'D03.633.100.473.144.125', 'D03.633.300.148.125'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['E01.370.390.400'], ['D10'], ['E01.370.372.460'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.033.100.624', 'D02.033.755.624', 'D02.092.063.624'], ['E05.318.370.850', 'N05.715.360.325.730', 'N06.850.520.445.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Segregation and linkage analyses of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity.
|
Dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) activity in serum was measured by spectrophotometric methods in 95 persons of a large family (HGAR 2), along with 27 polymorphic markers from blood, urine and saliva. The distribution of DBH activity, after appropriate transformation and age adjustment, showed a significantly better fit to a mixture of two normal distributions than a single normal distribution. Pedigree segregation analyses showed evidence of a possible major gene governing low levels of DBH activity, segregating in this family in a recessive fashion. Linkage analyses between that major locus and the 27 polymorphic markers showed no significant lod scores favoring linkage. The highest lod score obtained was 0.81 with Lp at zero recombination fraction. In addition, published data on DBH activity measured by radiochemical assays on 22 families with 161 members were reanalyzed as a quantitative trait, with appropriate correction for ascertainment bias. The results were similar to that of HGAR 2, corroborating the existence of a major locus for DBH activity.
|
['Adult', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase', 'Female', 'Genetic Linkage', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pedigree', 'Polymorphism, Genetic']
| 489,028
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
FasL expression in colorectal carcinoma and its significance in immune escape of cancer.
|
To study the significance of FasL expression in immune escape of colorectal carcinoma, FasL protein expression and the number of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in 80 specimens of colorectal carcinoma were detected by immunohistochemitry. The mRNA of FasL was measured by in situ hybridization in the consecutive tissue slices of 80 colorectal carcinomas respectively. Using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediaed dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), apoptotic cells were detected in 80 specimens of colorectal carcinoma. The expression of FasL was detected in all 80 specimens, but it was not even in the same or among different tissues. In the consecutive tissue slices, the location of expression of FasL protein corresponded with that of FasL mRNA. In those with FasL extensive expression, the number of TILs was less than that of FasL weak expression (P < 0.05), and the apoptotic index (AI) of TILs was higher and that of tumor cells was lower than that of FasL with weak expression respectively (P < 0.01). The Al of TILs was correlated with that of tumor cells (r = -0.631, P < 0.01). It was suggested that colorectal carcinoma cells can induce the apoptosis of TILs through the expression of FasL, which can counterattack the immune system. This may be one of the mechanisms of immune evasion in colorectal carcinoma.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Apoptosis', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Fas Ligand Protein', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating', 'Male', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Middle Aged', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Tumor Escape', 'Tumor Necrosis Factors']
| 16,711,013
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['D12.644.276.374.750.249', 'D12.776.395.550.312', 'D12.776.467.374.750.249', 'D12.776.543.550.312', 'D23.529.374.750.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.650', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.650', 'A15.382.490.555.567.650'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['A11.251.860'], ['G12.900'], ['D12.644.276.374.750', 'D12.776.467.374.750', 'D23.529.374.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The effect of haemorrhage on gastric circulation and acid output in the dog.
|
Blood flow in the portal vein and the left gastric artery was measured electromagnetically and gastric mucosal perfusion was determined by pertechnetate clearance in anaesthetized dogs. Bleeding the animals to arterial pressures of 100 and 60 mmHg respectively reduced portal venous flow and markedly increased the mesenteric inflow resistance. Left gastric arterial and gastric mucosal blood flow were decreased without significant vascular resistance change only in proportion to perfusion pressure reduction. Gastric acid output decreased but did not stop even at the lower level of haemorrhagic hypotension. It is concluded that ischaemia and acid, probably in the presence of regurgitated bile, may play an important role in the development of stress ulcers.
|
['Animals', 'Dogs', 'Gastric Juice', 'Gastric Mucosa', 'Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage', 'Peptic Ulcer', 'Portal Vein', 'Regional Blood Flow', 'Stomach']
| 310,421
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Contributions of physical function and satisfaction with social roles to emotional distress in chronic pain: a Collaborative Health Outcomes Information Registry (CHOIR) study.
|
Individuals with chronic pain show greater vulnerability to depression or anger than those without chronic pain, and also show greater interpersonal difficulties and physical disability. The present study examined data from 675 individuals with chronic pain during their initial visits to a tertiary care pain clinic using assessments from Stanford University's Collaborative Health Outcomes Information Registry (CHOIR). Using a path modeling analysis, the mediating roles of Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information Systems (PROMIS) Physical Function and PROMIS Satisfaction with Social Roles and Activities were tested between pain intensity and PROMIS Depression and Anger. Pain intensity significantly predicted both depression and anger, and both physical function and satisfaction with social roles mediated these relationships when modeled in separate 1-mediator models. Notably, however, when modeled together, ratings of satisfaction with social roles mediated the relationship between physical function and both anger and depression. Our results suggest that the process by which chronic pain disrupts emotional well-being involves both physical function and disrupted social functioning. However, the more salient factor in determining pain-related emotional distress seems to be disruption of social relationships, than global physical impairment. These results highlight the particular importance of social factors to pain-related distress, and highlight social functioning as an important target for clinical intervention in chronic pain.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Anger', 'Chronic Pain', 'Depression', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Outcome Assessment', 'Personal Satisfaction', 'Registries', 'Role', 'Social Behavior', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Tertiary Care Centers', 'Young Adult']
| 26,230,739
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['F01.470.093'], ['C23.888.592.612.274'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N04.761.559.590.399', 'N05.715.360.575.575.399'], ['F01.145.677'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['F01.829.316.616'], ['F01.145.813'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['N02.278.421.830'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of droplet size and type of binder on the agglomerate growth mechanisms by melt agglomeration in a fluidised bed.
|
This study was performed in order to evaluate the effects of binder droplet size and type of binder on the agglomerate growth mechanisms by melt agglomeration in a fluidised bed granulator. Lactose monohydrate was agglomerated with melted polyethylene glycol (PEG) 3000 or Gelucire 50/13 (esters of polyethylene glycol and glycerol), which was atomised at different nozzle air flow rates giving rise to median droplet sizes of 40, 60, and 80 microm. Different product temperatures were investigated, below the melting range, in the middle of the melting range, and above the melting range for each binder. The agglomerates were found to be formed by initial nucleation of lactose particles immersed in the melted binder droplets. Agglomerate growth occurred by coalescence between nuclei followed by coalescence between agglomerates. Complex effects of binder droplet size and type of binder were seen at low product temperatures. Low product temperatures resulted in smaller agglomerate sizes, because the agglomerate growth was counteracted by very high binder viscosity or solidification of the binder. At higher product temperatures, neither the binder droplet size nor the type of binder had a clear effect on the final agglomerate size.
|
['Fats', 'Oils', 'Particle Size', 'Pharmaceutic Aids', 'Polyethylene Glycols', 'Surface Properties', 'Technology, Pharmaceutical', 'Viscosity']
| 12,128,162
|
[['D10.212'], ['D10.627'], ['G02.712'], ['D26.650', 'D27.720.744'], ['D02.033.455.250.700', 'D05.750.741', 'D25.720.741', 'J01.637.051.720.741'], ['G02.860'], ['E05.916', 'J01.897.836'], ['G02.930']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Impact of boarding pediatric psychiatric patients on a medical ward.
|
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Psychiatric disorders account for an increasing number of pediatric hospitalizations. Due to lack of psychiatric beds, patients on involuntary psychiatric holds may be admitted to medical units. Our objectives were to evaluate the rate of admission of psychiatric patients to a medical unit, psychiatric care provided, and estimated cost of care.METHODS: The study involved retrospective chart review of all patients on involuntary psychiatric holds presenting to 1 pediatric emergency department from July 2009 to December 2010. We determined the rate of admission to a medical unit, the rate of counseling or psychiatric medication administration, and the estimated cost of nonmedical admissions (boarding) of patients on the medical unit.RESULTS: A total of 555 (50.1%) of 1108 patients on involuntary psychiatric holds were admitted to the pediatric medical unit. The majority (523 [94.2%]) were admitted for boarding because no psychiatric bed was available. Thirty-two (6.1%) patients admitted for isolated psychiatric reasons had counseling documented, and 105 (20.1%) received psychiatric medications. Patients admitted to an affiliated psychiatric hospital were significantly more likely to receive counseling and medications. Psychiatric patients were boarded in medical beds for 1169 days at an estimated cost of $2 232 790 or $4269 per patient over the 18-month period.CONCLUSIONS: We found high admission rates of patients on involuntary psychiatric holds to a pediatric medical unit with little psychiatric treatment in 1 hospital. Further research in other centers is required to determine the extent of the issue. Future studies of longer term outcomes (including readmission rates and assessments of functioning) are needed.
|
['Child', 'Counseling', 'Emergency Medical Services', 'Hospital Bed Capacity', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Mental Disorders', 'Mental Health Services', 'Patient Admission', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 24,785,553
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['F02.784.176', 'F04.408.413', 'N02.421.143.303', 'N02.421.461.363'], ['N02.421.297'], ['N02.278.306.472'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03'], ['F04.408', 'N02.421.461'], ['E02.760.400.600', 'N02.421.585.400.600'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Post-transcriptional regulation of meprin á by the RNA-binding proteins Hu antigen R (HuR) and tristetraprolin (TTP).
|
Meprins are multimeric proteases that are implicated in inflammatory bowel disease by both genetic association studies and functional studies in knock-out mice. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease show decreased colonic expression of meprin á, although regulation of expression, particularly under inflammatory stimuli, has not been studied. The studies herein demonstrate that the human meprin á transcript is bound and stabilized by Hu antigen R at baseline, and that treatment with the inflammatory stimulus phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate downregulates meprin á expression by inducing tristetraprolin. The enhanced binding of tristetraprolin to the MEP1A 3'-UTR results in destabilization of the transcript and occurs at a discrete site from Hu antigen R. This is the first report to describe a mechanism for post-transcriptional regulation of meprin á and will help clarify the role of meprins in the inflammatory response and disease.
|
["3' Untranslated Regions", 'Biotinylation', 'Caco-2 Cells', 'Down-Regulation', 'ELAV Proteins', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Gene Silencing', 'Humans', 'Inflammation', 'Inflammatory Bowel Diseases', 'Metalloendopeptidases', 'Protein Binding', 'RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional', 'Transfection', 'Tristetraprolin']
| 23,269,677
|
[['D13.444.735.544.875.880', 'D13.444.735.790.878.880', 'G05.360.340.024.220.880.880', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.910.880'], ['E05.601.085', 'G02.111.109', 'G03.162'], ['A11.251.210.190.160', 'A11.251.860.180.160', 'A11.436.140'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['D12.776.157.725.813.500', 'D12.776.631.520', 'D12.776.664.962.813.500'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.308.203.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.470'], ['C06.405.205.731', 'C06.405.469.432'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.760', 'G03.839', 'G05.308.700'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['D12.776.260.790', 'D12.776.460.762', 'D12.776.930.960']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
HER2-targeted recombinant protein immuno-caspase-6 effectively induces apoptosis in HER2-overexpressing GBM cells in vitro and in vivo.
|
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), which is associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality, is among the most malignant and treatment-refractory neoplasms in human adults. As GBM is highly resistant to conventional therapies, immunotherapies are a promising treatment candidate. HER2 is an attractive target for GBM immunotherapy, as its expression is highly associated with various types of GBM. We previously reported that a novel HER2-targeted recombinant protein e23sFv-Fdt-casp6 has an antitumor effect on HER2-positive gastric cancer cells. In this study, we established a genetically modified Chinese hamster ovary cell line, which produced and secreted e23sFv-Fdt-casp6 proteins. Following specific binding to and internalization into HER2-overexpressing tumor cells, the e23sFv-Fdt-casp6 protein induced tumor cell apoptosis and inhibited the proliferation of HER2-overexpressing A172 and U251MG cells in vitro, but not in U87MG cells with undetectable HER2. The e23sFv-Fdt-casp6 gene was introduced into severe combined immunodeficient mice bearing human glioblastoma xenografts by using intramuscular injections of a liposome-encapsulated vector. The recombinant protein e23sFv-Fdt-casp6 specifically targeted tumor cells and induced apoptosis, thereby leading to potent inhibition of tumor growth and prolonged the survival time of tumor-bearing mice. We concluded that e23sFv‑Fdt‑casp6 represents a promising HER2-targeted treatment option for human gliomas.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'CHO Cells', 'Caspase 6', 'Cricetinae', 'Cricetulus', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Glioblastoma', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Receptor, ErbB-2', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays']
| 27,633,091
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['A11.251.210.200', 'A11.436.155'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126.350.600', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126.350.600', 'D12.644.360.075.405.350.600', 'D12.776.476.075.405.350.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.250'], ['G05.308.370'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380.080.335', 'C04.557.470.670.380.080.335', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380.080.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009.400', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009.400', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074.400', 'D12.776.624.664.700.642', 'D23.050.301.500.600.700', 'D23.050.705.552.600.550', 'D23.101.140.642'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['E05.337.550.200.900', 'E05.624.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Feeling pinched. Hospitals, docs anxious as 'provider payment cuts are pretty easy to do'.
|
In the aftermath of the debt-ceiling battle, providers are feeling nervous since lawmakers need to come up with another $1.5 trillion in cuts by the end of the year. "Provider payment cuts are pretty easy to do, relatively speaking. And there doesn't seem to be a clear connection in the minds of policymakers that equates payment cuts with access problems," says Michael Regier, left, of provider alliance VHA.
|
['Cost Control', 'Economics, Hospital', 'Health Care Reform', 'Humans', 'Medicare', 'Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act', 'Physicians', 'Politics', 'Reimbursement Mechanisms', 'United States']
| 21,882,387
|
[['N03.219.151.160'], ['N03.219.262'], ['I01.655.500.608.400.285', 'I01.880.604.825.608.400.285', 'N03.349.285', 'N03.623.500.608.428.285', 'N04.590.374.285', 'N05.300.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.219.521.346.506.564.663', 'N03.219.521.576.343.840', 'N03.706.615.696'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.918', 'N03.706.615.806'], ['M01.526.485.810', 'N02.360.810'], ['I01.738'], ['N03.219.521.710.305'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride-Trifluorethylene)/barium titanate membrane promotes de novo bone formation and may modulate gene expression in osteoporotic rat model.
|
Osteoporosis is a chronic disease that impairs proper bone remodeling. Guided bone regeneration is a surgical technique that improves bone defect in a particular region through new bone formation, using barrier materials (e.g. membranes) to protect the space adjacent to the bone defect. The polytetrafluorethylene membrane is widely used in guided bone regeneration, however, new membranes are being investigated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of P(VDFTrFE)/BT [poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene)/barium titanate] membrane on in vivo bone formation. Twenty-three Wistar rats were submitted to bilateral ovariectomy. Five animals were subjected to sham surgery. After 150 days, bone defects were created and filled with P(VDF-TrFE)/BT membrane or PTFE membrane (except for the sham and OVX groups). After 4 weeks, the animals were euthanized and calvaria samples were subjected to histomorphometric and computed microtomography analysis (microCT), besides real time polymerase chain reaction (real time PCR) to evaluate gene expression. The histomorphometric analysis showed that the animals that received the P(VDF-TrFE)/BT membrane presented morphometric parameters similar or even better compared to the animals that received the PTFE membrane. The comparison between groups showed that gene expression of RUNX2, BSP, OPN, OSX and RANKL were lower on P(VDF-TrFE)/BT membrane; the gene expression of ALP, OC, RANK and CTSK were similar and the gene expression of OPG, CALCR and MMP9 were higher when compared to PTFE. The results showed that the P(VDF-TrFE)/BT membrane favors bone formation, and therefore, may be considered a promising biomaterial to support bone repair in a situation of osteoporosis.
|
['Animals', 'Barium Compounds', 'Biocompatible Materials', 'Bone Regeneration', 'Bone Transplantation', 'Bone and Bones', 'Cathepsin K', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 9', 'Membranes, Artificial', 'Osteoblasts', 'Osteoclasts', 'Osteogenesis', 'Osteoporosis', 'RANK Ligand', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B', 'Receptors, Calcitonin', 'Titanium', 'Vinyl Compounds', 'X-Ray Microtomography']
| 27,770,393
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.103'], ['D25.130', 'D27.720.102.130', 'J01.637.051.130'], ['G11.427.213.140', 'G16.762.150.150'], ['E02.095.147.725.052', 'E04.555.130', 'E04.936.580.052'], ['A02.835.232', 'A10.165.265'], ['D08.811.277.656.224.405', 'D08.811.277.656.262.500.156', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.156'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308'], ['D02.455.526.510'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.350', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.350', 'D12.644.276.848.350', 'D12.776.467.836.350'], ['D25.479', 'J01.637.051.479', 'J01.637.087.500'], ['A11.329.629'], ['A11.329.372.700', 'A11.627.482.700'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.050.500.729', 'G11.427.578.050.500.729'], ['C05.116.198.579', 'C18.452.104.579'], ['D12.644.276.374.750.562', 'D12.776.467.374.750.562', 'D23.529.374.750.562'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['E05.393.620.500.706'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.345'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.100', 'D12.776.543.750.750.200'], ['D01.268.557.800', 'D01.268.956.878', 'D01.552.547.800'], ['D02.455.326.271.884'], ['E01.370.350.700.810.810.900', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Triad of system applications for absorbable rigid fixation of the craniofacial skeleton.
|
A new generation of absorbable plating systems is used in a clinical setting. This new system represents state of the art innovation in biomaterial experimental design, demonstrating total absorption in one year, and well-achieved fixation of the skeleton.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Biocompatible Materials', 'Biodegradation, Environmental', 'Bone Plates', 'Bone Screws', 'Child, Preschool', 'Craniotomy', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Facial Bones', 'Fracture Fixation, Internal', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Lactic Acid', 'Middle Aged', 'Polyglycolic Acid', 'Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer', 'Polymers', 'Skull', 'Skull Fractures']
| 9,133,853
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D25.130', 'D27.720.102.130', 'J01.637.051.130'], ['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['E07.695.370.374', 'E07.858.442.660.460.374', 'E07.858.690.725.460.374'], ['E07.695.370.437', 'E07.858.442.660.460.437', 'E07.858.690.725.460.437'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E04.525.190'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['A02.835.232.781.324'], ['E04.555.300.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['D02.241.511.459.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D05.750.728.780', 'D25.720.728.780', 'J01.637.051.720.728.780'], ['D02.241.511.459.450.500', 'D05.750.728.780.500', 'D25.720.728.780.500', 'J01.637.051.720.728.780.500'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['A02.835.232.781'], ['C10.900.300.918', 'C26.404.750', 'C26.915.300.745']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
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