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Polyamine synthesis in liver and kidney of flounder in response to methylmercury.
|
The effect of methylmercury administration on polyamine synthesis was studied in the liver and kidney of the winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus). A single injection of methylmercury resulted in five- and sevenfold elevations of ornithine decarboxylase activity in the liver and kidney within 15 and 45 h, respectively. There were elevations of both putrescine- and spermidine-stimulated S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase activities (approximately 1.5-fold) in both tissues. Evaluation of the polyamine accumulation patterns in these tissues indicated that in the liver all three polyamines increased in concentration until 48 h and then decline. In the kidney, the concentration of putrescine increased steadily until it was 200% of control at 72 h and then declined. Spermidine concentration decreased throughout the time studied and was 17% of control at 1 wk. There was no significant change in the concentration of spermine throughout the period studied. The changes in the polyamine pools and in the activities of the polyamine biosynthetic enzymes after methylmercury administration are consistent with an involvement of the polyamines in the recovery phase to a toxic dose of methylmercury.
|
['Adenosylmethionine Decarboxylase', 'Animals', 'Fishes', 'Kidney', 'Liver', 'Methylmercury Compounds', 'Ornithine Decarboxylase', 'Polyamines', 'Putrescine', 'Spermidine', 'Spermine']
| 961,909
|
[['D08.811.520.224.125.050'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.493'], ['A05.810.453'], ['A03.620'], ['D02.691.750.100.738'], ['D08.811.520.224.125.425'], ['D02.092.782'], ['D02.092.211.415.701', 'D02.092.782.258.784'], ['D02.092.211.415.701.801', 'D02.092.782.677'], ['D02.092.211.415.701.801.821', 'D02.092.782.802']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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Schizopeptin 791, a new anabeanopeptin-like cyclic peptide from the cyanobacterium Schizothrix sp.
|
Schizopeptin 791 (1), a new trypsin inhibitor, related in structure to the anabeanopeptins, was isolated from the hydrophilic extract of the cultured terrestrial cyanobacterium Schizothrix sp. Homo- and heteronuclear 2D NMR techniques as well as HRFABMS determined the gross structure of 1. The relative and absolute stereochemistry of 1 was deduced from a combination of spectral data and Marfey's method for HPLC. Prior to this finding, anabeanopeptins have been isolated only from water-bloom-forming strains of cyanobacteria.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Cyanobacteria', 'Israel', 'Molecular Structure', 'Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular', 'Peptides, Cyclic', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet', 'Trypsin Inhibitors']
| 12,193,029
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['B03.280', 'B03.440.475.100'], ['Z01.252.245.500.375'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['E05.196.867.519.550'], ['D04.345.566', 'D12.644.641'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.800.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
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Measurement of mental fatigability by task related spectral EEG. A pilot study.
|
BACKGROUND: Task related EEG spectra are promising markers of mental activity. But the cooperation of the patients necessary for the registration limits its application in the neuro-psychiatry.METHODS: EEG difference spectra on counting (EDSC)--was developed to detect the effect of a short calculation task on the spectral EEG. The originality of the task situation is a continuous mental work in a very short period of time, while the level of task difficulty is adapted to the patient's actual mental capacity. While the rest pre-task and the post task EEG sections were compared, the results show the mental "EEG fatigability" caused by the short intensive cognitive activity. The first preliminary results have been demonstrated by a comparative study of two healthy and three patient (probable Alzheimer disease, post-stroke state without mental deficit and mixed type of dementia) groups.RESULTS: Similarly to the findings of other authors, in addition to the differences of the alpha band seen on the temporo-parieto-occipital regions, the frontal localization and the beta band seem to be prominent, too. Demented patients had stronger EEG reactions than post-stroke patients without mental deficits and healthy elder persons had more extensive changes than the younger ones.CONCLUSIONS: The test can be considered as indirect marker showing the different mental fatigability in diverse pathological conditions and during the aging process. Effect of therapeutic processes can also be followed based on "key-lock principle". Standardization of the test is essential for the introduction of EDSC to the every-day routine of clinical neuropsychiatry.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Alzheimer Disease', 'Brain', 'Dementia', 'Electroencephalography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mathematical Computing', 'Mental Fatigue', 'Middle Aged', 'Pilot Projects', 'Stroke']
| 19,248,725
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['A08.186.211'], ['C10.228.140.380', 'F03.615.400'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.680'], ['C23.888.369.500', 'F01.145.126.937'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
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Should maternal alpha-fetoprotein estimation be carried out in centers where ultrasound screening is routine? A sensitivity analysis approach.
|
We describe a case of small, open spina bifida that was detected on the basis of maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein levels but consistently missed on careful ultrasound examination. This prompted us to reexamine the policy (adopted by an increasing number of departments) of relying exclusively on ultrasound examination for the detection of spinal lesions. In this article we therefore analyze the number of additional cases of spina bifida that could be detected by offering maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein screening in addition to a routine ultrasound examination. Our calculations are made on the basis of published assessments of the performance of these tests and on the assumptions about test independence. We test our conclusions against a wide variety of test performance values in a detailed sensitivity analysis. The final decision to carry out maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein testing is a value judgment, but this decision should be based on realistic numeric estimates of the potential benefits and hazards of this procedure.
|
['Adolescent', 'Amniocentesis', 'Female', 'Fetal Diseases', 'Humans', 'Pregnancy', 'Prenatal Diagnosis', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Spina Bifida Occulta', 'Ultrasonography', 'alpha-Fetoproteins']
| 2,453,116
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.050', 'E01.370.225.998.329.309', 'E01.370.378.630.050', 'E04.665.600.309', 'E05.200.500.384.050', 'E05.200.998.329.309', 'E05.242.384.050'], ['C13.703.277', 'C16.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.370.378.630'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['C10.500.680.800.750', 'C16.131.666.680.800.750'], ['E01.370.350.850'], ['D12.776.124.790.106.092', 'D12.776.320.525.500', 'D12.776.377.228.500', 'D12.776.377.715.085.092', 'D23.101.140.050']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
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|
Characteristics and comparison of colorectal cancer incidence in Beijing with other regions in the world.
|
BACKGROUND: Population-based epidemiologic studies about colorectal cancer are lacking in China. This study aims to provide a basis for colorectal cancer screening and prevention, through analysis and comparisons the characteristics of the trends in colorectal cancer incidence in Beijing and selected representative regions.RESULTS: The annual incidence rate in Beijing region increased significantly, from 9.40/100,000 in 1998 to 18.61/100,000 in 2012. The stratified rate showed that the incidence of distal colon adenocarcinoma increased substantially in men, especially in those aged > 75 years and residing in urban areas. Although the incidence rate in Beijing is still lower than in Shanghai, Jiashan, and Hong Kong in China, it is increasing rapidly. Further, the incidence rate in Beijing is lower than in New York, Oxford and Osaka, but higher than in Mumbai and Kyadondo. The incidence trend in Beijing is increasing especially in older groups, while in other regions such as New York, it is decreasing in these age groups.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Colorectal cancer incidence data were obtained from Beijing Cancer Registry and Cancer Incidence in Five Continents Plus database. All incidence rates were age-standardized according to Segi's world population. Incidence trends were characterized by calculating the annual percent changes using the Joinpoint Regression Program.CONCLUSIONS: Compared with other regions, Beijing has a medium level of colorectal cancer incidence, however, it is increasing significantly. There are obvious differences in the cancer subsite, sex and age distributions between Beijing and other regions. Prevention and screening of colorectal cancer in Beijing should be strengthened.
|
['Aged', 'Beijing', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 28,445,947
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['Z01.252.474.164.225', 'Z01.433.114'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
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Insecticidal, antifeedant and oviposition deterrent effects of the essential oil and individual compounds from leaves of Chloroxylon swietenia DC.
|
Essential oil from the leaves of Chloroxylon swietenia DC. was obtained by hydrodistillation and cold extraction, and the chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The major identified components were limonene, geijerene, pregeijerene, germacrene D and trans-beta-ocimene. Laboratory bioassays of the essential oil and four constituents of essential oil isolates were evaluated for insecticidal, antifeedant and oviposition deterrent effects on tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (F.). Toxicity was determined by topical application of the isolates at varying concentrations. Pure oil, geijerene and pregeijerene were found to be more toxic, with LD50 values of 28.6, 35.4 and 40.7 microg per larva respectively. Maximum feeding deterrence was noted for geijerene and pregeijerene, with DC(50) values of 82.5 and 95.1 microg cm(-2) respectively. Furthermore, pure oil, geijerene and pregeijerene displayed oviposition deterrence, even at low concentrations. These results indicate that these natural products may lead to useful, biodegradable, environmentally safe insect control agents.
|
['Animals', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Insecticides', 'Oils, Volatile', 'Oviposition', 'Plant Extracts', 'Plant Leaves', 'Rutaceae', 'Spodoptera']
| 16,847,821
|
[['B01.050'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['D27.720.031.700.491', 'D27.888.723.491'], ['D10.627.675'], ['G08.686.784.480'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['A18.024.812'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.875'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.937.650.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Contribution of the oocyte nucleus and cytoplasm to the determination of meiotic and developmental competence in mice.
|
BACKGROUND: Mammals have two types of full-grown oocytes: those with germinal vesicles (GVs) in which the chromatin is condensed and surrounds the nucleolus (surrounded-nucleolus (SN)-type) and those in which the chromatin is less condensed and does not surround the nucleolus (non-surrounded-nucleolus (NSN)-type). Although SN oocytes possess higher meiotic and developmental competence than NSN oocytes, the factors underlying this difference are unknown.METHODS AND RESULTS: The GVs of murine SN and NSN oocytes were exchanged by nuclear transfer and the nucleus/cytoplasm of each reconstructed oocyte was classified as follows: SN/SN, NSN/SN, SN/NSN or NSN/NSN. After reconstruction, the meiotic maturation and preimplantation development of the oocytes were analysed. Few mature SN/NSN and NSN/NSN oocytes were observed (20-26%). In contrast, 88% of the NSN/SN oocytes matured; however, they rarely developed to the blastocyst stage after fertilization (4%), whereas most of the SN/SN oocytes matured (84%) and reached the blastocyst stage (83%). When the metaphase II (MII) plates of in vitro-matured NSN/SN oocytes were transferred into enucleated MII oocytes in which the contents of the SN-type GVs were spread into the cytoplasm, they completed full-term development.CONCLUSIONS: The differences in meiotic and developmental competence between SN and NSN oocytes are determined by factors in the cytoplasm and nucleus, respectively. In addition, material(s) within SN-type GVs, and not the chromatin configuration itself, is essential for full-term development.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Chromatin', 'Cytoplasm', 'Female', 'Meiosis', 'Mice', 'Oocytes', 'Ovarian Follicle']
| 18,367,455
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.180', 'D12.776.664.224', 'G05.360.160.180'], ['A11.284.430.214'], ['G04.144.220.220.687', 'G05.113.220.687'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A05.360.490.690.680', 'A11.497.497.600'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.535', 'A06.300.312.497.535']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
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| 0
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Intrauterine-neonatal torsion of the spermatic cord in an Ethiopian newborn.
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The case of a neonate with scrotal swelling noted 6 hours after birth is presented. Scrotal exploration at 12 hours of age revealed a right extravaginal testicular torsion with ischemic necrosis of the testis. Intrauterine and neonatal torsion of the spermatic cord is an uncommon problem accounting for 5 to 6 percent of all cases of testicular torsion. Management controversies revolving around the questions "should the neonate with an obviously infarcted testis be explored?" and "what should be done to the testis whose viability is not reasonably certain?" have now been answered to the satisfaction of most people. This case report from Ethiopia and some aspects of the condition are discussed and attention is called to early diagnosis and appropriate intervention.
|
['Ethiopia', 'Fetal Diseases', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Necrosis', 'Orchiectomy', 'Spermatic Cord Torsion']
| 8,404,887
|
[['Z01.058.290.120.310'], ['C13.703.277', 'C16.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C23.550.717'], ['E04.270.282.679', 'E04.950.165.679', 'E04.950.774.860.618'], ['C12.294.693']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
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|
The effect of constant threat of terror on Israeli Jewish and Arab adolescents.
|
The effect on Israeli Jewish and Arab adolescents of living under constant threat of terrorist attacks was assessed in a sample of 346 adolescents. The study probed their direct and indirect exposure to terrorist attacks, avoidance of public centers, sharing feelings with significant others, and stress reaction symptoms. The adolescents showed mild to low levels of stress symptoms in reaction to terrorist attacks in Israel, with no significant differences between Jews and Arabs. The Jewish adolescents reported knowing more people involved in terror attacks and being more informed by their parents about them. Demographic and exposure variables explained 39% of the variance of stress reaction symptoms. Being female, knowing someone injured, having parents who discuss terrorist attacks or forbid going out, and more sharing of feelings were significantly related to higher stress symptoms. For Jewish adolescents, greater levels of sharing of feelings were related to higher distress. Jewish and Arab adolescents proved to be similarly affected by the threat of terror but were also resilient even in highly unusual circumstances.
|
['Adolescent', 'Affect', 'Arabs', 'Demography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Israel', 'Jews', 'Male', 'Prevalence', 'Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Terrorism', 'Time Factors', 'Violence']
| 17,999,214
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F01.470.047'], ['M01.686.754.167'], ['I01.240', 'N01.224', 'N06.850.505.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.500.375'], ['M01.686.754.600'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['F03.950.750.500'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['I01.198.240.856.800', 'I01.880.735.900.800'], ['G01.910.857'], ['I01.198.240.856', 'I01.880.735.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
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Sialidase, chondroitinase ABC, and combination therapy after spinal cord contusion injury.
|
Axon regeneration in the central nervous system is severely hampered, limiting functional recovery. This is in part because of endogenous axon regeneration inhibitors that accumulate at the injury site. Therapeutic targeting of these inhibitors and their receptors may facilitate axon outgrowth and enhance recovery. A rat model of spinal cord contusion injury was used to test the effects of two bacterial enzyme therapies that target independent axon regeneration inhibitors, sialidase (Vibrio cholerae) and chondroitinase ABC (ChABC, Proteus vulgaris). The two enzymes, individually and in combination, were infused for 2 weeks via implanted osmotic pumps to the site of a moderate thoracic spinal cord contusion injury. Sialidase was completely stable, whereas ChABC retained>30% of its activity in vivo over the 2 week infusion period. Immunohistochemistry revealed that infused sialidase acted robustly throughout the spinal cord gray and white matter, whereas ChABC activity was more intense superficially. Sialidase treatment alone resulted in improved behavioral and anatomical outcomes. Rats treated exclusively with sialidase showed significantly increased hindlimb motor function, evidenced by higher Basso Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) and BBB subscores, and fewer stepping errors on a horizontal ladder. Sialidase-treated rats also had increased serotonergic axons caudal to the injury. ChABC treatment, in contrast, did not enhance functional recovery or alter axon numbers after moderate spinal cord contusion injury, and dampened the response of sialidase in the dual enzyme treatment group. We conclude that sialidase infusion enhanced recovery from spinal cord contusion injury, and that combining sialidase with ChABC failed to improve outcomes.
|
['Animals', 'Chondroitin ABC Lyase', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Enzyme Stability', 'Female', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Nerve Regeneration', 'Neuraminidase', 'Neuroprotective Agents', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Recovery of Function', 'Spinal Cord Injuries']
| 22,934,782
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.520.241.700.350.500.500'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['E05.916.360', 'G02.111.700.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['G11.561.585', 'G16.762.611'], ['D08.811.277.450.692'], ['D27.505.696.706.548', 'D27.505.954.427.575'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['G16.757'], ['C10.228.854.763', 'C10.900.850', 'C26.819']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
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|
[Abdominal tomoradiometry: its possibilities].
|
Computer-assisted tomography opens up a new diagnostic chapter in research on abdominal lesions. The display of very faint contrasts, and the possibility of modulating them and of strengthening them by opacifying agents, afford hitherto unknown differentiations. The obtaining of cross-sections is another advantage of this method. Its use for study of the various abdominal organs is reviewed.
|
['Abdominal Injuries', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Alcoholism', 'Cholangitis', 'Cystadenocarcinoma', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Humans', 'Lymphoma', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Pancreatitis', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 472,693
|
[]
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[]
| 0
| 0
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The efficacy of EMG-biofeedback training on quadriceps muscle strength in patients after arthroscopic meniscectomy.
|
AIMS: In 40 patients, we attempted to investigate the efficacy of electromyography-biofeedback (EMG-B) on quadriceps muscle strength after arthroscopic meniscectomy.METHODS: The patients were randomly divided into two groups each consisting of 20 subjects. For the control group, a classical exercise program was given (five sessions of EMG-B application for 2 weeks postoperatively). Range of motions, Lysholm knee score, EMG electrical activity values of vastus medialis obliques (VMO), and vastus lateralis (VL) were measured pre- and postoperatively on the 3rd and 14th day, and at the 6th week.RESULTS: When the ranges of motion values were compared, a significant difference (for average values of knee flexion angle) was found on the 14th day and 6th week in favour of biofeedback group (p<0.05). When Lysholm knee scores on the 14th day and 6th week were compared in the control and biofeedback groups, and maximum contraction and average contraction values of VMO, VL muscles were compared with operated/non-operated %age ratios, there was a statistically significant difference in favour of the biofeedback group (p<0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that EMG-B was an effective treatment modality in improving quadriceps muscle strength after arthroscopic meniscectomy surgery.
|
['Adult', 'Arthroscopy', 'Biofeedback, Psychology', 'Electromyography', 'Humans', 'Knee Injuries', 'Male', 'Menisci, Tibial', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Quadriceps Muscle', 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 16,258,579
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.388.250.070', 'E04.502.250.070', 'E04.555.113'], ['E02.190.525.123', 'F02.830.131', 'F04.754.137.301', 'F04.754.308.500'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C26.558.554'], ['A02.165.308.538.500', 'A02.835.583.475.590', 'A10.165.382.350.163.500'], ['G11.427.494'], ['A02.633.567.850'], ['E01.370.600.700', 'G11.427.760'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Predictors of aggression on the psychiatric inpatient service: self-esteem, narcissism, and theory of mind deficits.
|
Aggressive behavior committed by inpatients has significant negative effects on patients, clinical staff, the therapeutic milieu, and inpatient community as whole. Past research examining nonpsychiatric patient groups has suggested that elevated self-esteem and narcissism levels as well as self-serving theory of mind (ToM) biases may be robust predictors of aggressive behavior. In the present study, we examined whether these constructs were useful in predicting aggressive acts committed by psychiatric inpatients. Severity of psychiatric symptoms, demographic variables and patients' anger, and hostility severity were also examined. We found patients who committed acts of aggression were differentiated from their nonaggressive counterparts by exhibiting significantly higher levels of self-esteem and narcissistic superiority. In addition, aggressors demonstrated self-serving ToM biases, attributing more positive attributes to themselves, relative to their perceptions of how others viewed them. Aggressors also showed increased psychosis, fewer depressive symptoms, and had significantly fewer years of formal education than their nonaggressive peers. These results support and extend the view that in addition to clinical variables, specific personality traits and self-serving attributions are linked to aggressive behavior in acutely ill psychiatric patients.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aggression', 'Educational Status', 'Female', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mental Disorders', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Psychological', 'Narcissism', 'Probability', 'Psychiatric Department, Hospital', 'Residence Characteristics', 'Self Concept', 'Self-Assessment', 'Social Perception']
| 17,502,810
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.145.126.125', 'F01.145.813.045'], ['N01.824.196'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.599.695'], ['F02.739.794.582'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.641', 'N04.452.442.452.422.641'], ['N01.224.791', 'N06.850.505.400.800'], ['F01.752.747.792'], ['F01.752.747.792.537'], ['F02.463.593.752']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Chinese medicine clinical trial protocol design and report specifications].
|
Clinical trial protocol is the document that illustrates the background of a clinical trial, theoretic basis, objective, design, methods, and organization, as well as statistical calculating, implement, and conditions for completion. Clinical trial protocol is the basic measure for ensuring the validity of scientific results and reducing bias. In order to optimize the design of clinical trial protocol, we generalize main problems in Chinese medicine clinical trials, key points of clinical trial protocol, as well as report standards.
|
['Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Drugs, Chinese Herbal', 'Humans', 'Medicine, Chinese Traditional', 'Research Design']
| 25,223,170
|
[['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['D20.215.784.500.350', 'D26.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.190.488.585.520', 'I01.076.201.450.654.558.520'], ['E05.581.500', 'H01.770.644.728']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Streptomyces atriruber sp. nov. and Streptomyces silaceus sp. nov., two novel species of equine origin.
|
Two actinomycete strains, NRRL B-24165(T) and NRRL B-24166(T), isolated from lesions on equine placentas in Kentucky, USA, were analysed using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, morphological observations and the presence of ll-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid in whole-cell hydrolysates, the new isolates clearly belonged to the genus Streptomyces. Analyses of the phylogenetic positions of strains NRRL B-24165(T) and NRRL B-24166(T) based on 16S rRNA gene sequences of all recognized species of the genus Streptomyces, as well as evaluation of morphological and physiological characteristics, demonstrated that the new isolates could be differentiated from all recognized species and therefore represented novel species. It is proposed that the new strains represent two novel species for which the names Streptomyces atriruber sp. nov. (type strain NRRL B-24165(T)=DSM 41860(T)=LDDC 6330-99(T)) and Streptomyces silaceus sp. nov. (NRRL B-24166(T)=DSM 41861(T)=LDDC 6638-99(T)) are proposed. The species names are based on the distinctive colours of the substrate mycelium of these strains, dark red and deep orange-yellow, respectively.
|
['Animals', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'DNA, Ribosomal', 'Female', 'Horses', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phylogeny', 'Placenta', 'Pregnancy', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S', 'Streptomyces']
| 19,628,594
|
[['B01.050'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['D13.444.308.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['A16.710'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D13.444.735.686.670'], ['B03.300.390.400.810.768', 'B03.510.024.997.775', 'B03.510.415.400.810.768', 'B03.510.460.410.810.768']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Intermolecular relations between the glucocorticoid receptor, ZAP-70 kinase, and Hsp-90.
|
The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) participates in both genomic and non-genomic glucocorticoid hormone (GC) actions by interacting with other cytoplasmic signalling proteins. Previously, we have shown that high dose Dexamethasone (DX) treatment of Jurkat cells causes tyrosine phosphorylation of ZAP-70 within 5 min in a GR-dependent manner. By using co-immunoprecipitation and confocal microscopy, here we demonstrate that the liganded GR physically associates with ZAP-70, in addition to its phosphorylation changes. The association of the ligand-bound GR and ZAP-70 was also observed in HeLa cells transfected with ZAP-70, suggesting that this co-clustering is independent of lymphocyte specific factors. Furthermore, the ZAP-70 was found to also co-precipitate with Hsp-90 chaperone both in Jurkat and transgenic HeLa cells, independent of the presence of DX. These findings raise the possibility that ZAP-70 may serve as an important link between GC and TcR-induced signaling, thereby transmitting non-genomic GC action in T-cells.
|
['HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Jurkat Cells', 'Protein Binding', 'Receptors, Glucocorticoid', 'Subcellular Fractions', 'ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase']
| 17,222,799
|
[['D12.776.580.216.380'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.251.210.190.495', 'A11.251.860.180.495', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.440'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776.826.750.430'], ['A11.284.835'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.900', 'D12.776.476.950']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of the tolerability and efficacy of sodium polystyrene sulfonate for long-term management of hyperkalemia in patients with chronic kidney disease.
|
PURPOSE: Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (SPS) is a cation-exchanging resin that has been widely used for several decades as first-line therapy of mild chronic hyperkalemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, evidence to prove the long-term tolerability and efficacy of SPS for the treatment of this condition is still missing.METHODS: In this retrospective, observational study, we enrolled 26 outpatients with stages 3-4 CKD who received oral therapy with low-dose SPS for mild chronic hyperkalemia in the Outpatient Nephrology clinic of our Department during 2010-2016. We obtained medical records on side effects potentially attributable to SPS use, and we analyzed the changes in serum electrolytes before and after the initiation of SPS therapy.RESULTS: Serum potassium levels fell from 5.9 ± 0.4 to 4.8 ± 0.5 mmol/l (P < 0.001) over a median follow-up of 15.4 months (range 3-27 months). SPS use was associated with a slight, but significant elevation in serum sodium levels (139.5 ± 2.9 vs 141.2 ± 2.4, P = 0.006), whereas serum calcium and phosphate remained unchanged before and after the initiation of SPS. We recorded ten episodes of recurrent serum potassium elevation ? 5.5 mmol/l, none of which required hospitalization or acute dialysis. No episode of colonic necrosis or any other serious drug-related adverse event was observed. SPS therapy was well-tolerated, since only 1 out of 26 patients discontinued SPS at 3 months due to gastrointestinal intolerance.CONCLUSION: This study suggests that low-dose SPS is well-tolerated and can effectively normalize elevated serum potassium over several weeks in CKD outpatients with mild chronic hyperkalemia.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Calcium', 'Cation Exchange Resins', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Hyperkalemia', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Polystyrenes', 'Potassium', 'Recurrence', 'Renal Insufficiency, Chronic', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sodium', 'Time Factors']
| 29,027,620
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D27.720.470.420.275'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.950.396'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.750.800.830', 'D05.750.716.579', 'D25.720.716.579', 'J01.637.051.720.716.579'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['C12.777.419.780.750', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
NagR Differentially Regulates the Expression of the glmS and nagAB Genes Required for Amino Sugar Metabolism by Streptococcus mutans.
|
UNLABELLED: The ability of bacteria to metabolize glucosamine (GlcN) and N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc) is considered important for persistent colonization of the oral cavity. In the dental caries pathogen Streptococcus mutans, the NagR protein regulates the expression of glmS, which encodes a GlcN-6-P synthetase, and nagA (GlcNAc-6-P deacetylase) and nagB (GlcN-6-P deaminase), which are required for the catabolism of GlcNAc and GlcN. Two NagR-binding sites (dre) were identified in each of the promoter regions for nagB and glmS. Using promoter-reporter gene fusions, the role of each dre site was examined in the regulation of glmS and nagB promoter activities in cells grown with glucose, GlcNAc, or GlcN. A synergistic relationship between the two dre sites in the glmS promoter that required proper spacing was observed, but that was not the case for nagB. Binding of purified NagR to DNA fragments from both promoter regions, as well as to dre sites alone, was strongly influenced by particular sugar phosphates. Using a random mutagenesis approach that targeted the effector-binding domain of NagR, mutants that displayed aberrant regulation of both the glmS and nagAB genes were identified. Collectively, these findings provide evidence that NagR is essential for regulation of genes for both the synthesis and catabolism of GlcN and GlcNAc in S. mutans, and that NagR engages differently with the target promoter regions in response to specific metabolites interacting with the effector-binding domain of NagR.IMPORTANCE: Glucosamine and N-acetylglucosamine are among the most abundant naturally occurring sugars on the planet, and they are catabolized by many bacterial species as sources of carbon and nitrogen. Representing a group called lactic acid bacteria (LAB), the human dental caries pathogen Streptococcus mutans is shown to differ from known paradigm organisms in that it possesses a GntR/HutC-type regulator, NagR, that is required for the regulation of both catabolism of GlcN and biosynthesis. Results reported here reveal a simple and elegant mechanism whereby NagR differentially regulates two opposing biological processes by surveying metabolic intermediates. This study provides insights that may contribute to the development of novel therapeutic tools to combat dental caries and other infectious diseases.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Amino Sugars', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Base Sequence', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Streptococcus mutans']
| 26,324,448
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D09.067'], ['D12.776.097'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G05.308.300'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.875.520', 'B03.510.400.800.872.875.520', 'B03.510.550.737.872.875.520']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Icariin Acts as a Potential Agent for Preventing Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.
|
Myocardial infarction is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Although essential for successful recovery, myocardium reperfusion is associated with reperfusion injury. Icariin, a major flavonoid of Epimedium koreanum Nakai, has been proven to exert efficacy for improving cardiovascular function. We investigated the molecular effect and signal pathway of icariin on cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury. In an in vivo model of infarct in rats, icariin (10 mg/kg) significantly attenuated myocardial infarct size induced by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). From the TUNEL assay, icariin reduced the apoptotic cell induced by I/R and decreased blood indicators of creatine kinase, ischemia-modified albumin, and lactate dehydrogenase. All this effect was antagonized by the PI3K inhibitor LY294002. Meanwhile, icariin activated the PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway. The PI3K inhibitor LY294002 suppressed icariin-mediated protective effect. These results suggest that icariin protects against myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in rats by activating the PI3K/Akt/eNOS-dependent signal pathways and may be a useful drug for angiogenic therapy.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Cardiotonic Agents', 'Drugs, Chinese Herbal', 'Flavonoids', 'Male', 'Myocardial Reperfusion Injury', 'Myocytes, Cardiac', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III', 'Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases', 'Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors', 'Protein Kinase Inhibitors', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Signal Transduction']
| 25,663,532
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D27.505.954.411.222', 'D27.720.799.080'], ['D20.215.784.500.350', 'D26.335'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450'], ['C14.280.238.615', 'C14.280.647.625', 'C14.907.585.625', 'C14.907.725.600', 'C23.550.767.877.500'], ['A07.541.704.570', 'A10.690.552.750.570', 'A11.620.500'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.500'], ['D27.505.519.389.736'], ['D27.505.519.389.755'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.755', 'D12.776.476.565', 'D12.776.624.664.700.168'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Three-centre study on urinary hydroxyproline excretion in cancer of the breast.
|
A study instigated by the British Breast Group and involving 3 centres (Edinburgh, Glasgow and Liverpool) was carried out to compare 3 methods for the estimation of urinary hydroxyproline. No significant difference between the first and the second 24 h urine collection was found for each measure of urinary hydroxyproline, within laboratories and within patient groups. Reliable hydroxyproline studies can, therefore, be performed on one 24 h urine collection. The Grant and Ellis/Goldberg methods gave comparable results and the excretion of hydroxyproline in the urine measured by either of these 2 methods could be used to distinguish cases of breast cancer with osseous involvement (as demonstrated by X-rays) from those without. The Hypronosticon Kit method was found to be unreliable as it has 29.4% false negatives in breast-cancer patients with X-ray demonstrable metastases. The incidence of elevated urinary hydroxyproline excretion in breast-cancer patients with negative X-rays was 11/14 (25%), 5/34 (15%) and 8/43 (19%) for the Ellis/Goldberg, Hypronosticon and Grant methods respectively. No conclusion can be drawn regarding the outcome of this group of patients because of the short period of follow-up.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Bone Neoplasms', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hydroxyproline', 'Methods', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Radiography']
| 678,421
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.149', 'C05.116.231'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.125.072.401.623.478'], ['E05.581'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['E01.370.350.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Testosterone and luteinizing hormone responses to naloxone help predict sexual performance in rams.
|
The first objective of this study was to determine whether LH and testosterone respond differently to a naloxone injection in relation to varying sexual performance in rams. If differences occurred, the second objective was to determine whether differences would predict variation in sexual performance. From a group of 1.5- to 3-yr-old rams, 20 sexually active and 39 sexually inactive rams were selected based on previously observed sexual behavior with estrual ewes. Each ram was exposed to three estrual ewes for 18 30-min sexual performance tests, and those found to be inactive were given two 30-min sexual partner preference tests. The final distribution was 28 sexually active, 22 inactive, and nine male-oriented rams. Rams were treated with 1.5 mg of naloxone/kg BW in December of Year 1 and again with either 0.75 or 1.5 mg of naloxone/kg BW in November of Year 2. Plasma concentrations of LH and testosterone were evaluated with mixed model analyses for repeated measures separately for each year to coincide with logistic procedures for modeling the probability that rams were sexually active. For Year 1, a sexual activity x age x time interaction for LH after naloxone was observed (P < 0.03). For testosterone, there was a sexual activity x time interaction (P < 0.03), with a similar, early increase for sexually active female-and male-oriented rams compared with a delayed, minimal increase for inactive rams. For Year 2, when all rams were over 2.5 yr of age, a sexual activity x time interaction for both LH and testosterone (P < 0.02) seemed more related to an earlier increase of both hormones for sexually active rams than the increase observed for inactive rams. In addition, sexually active rams had a greater increase in testosterone than inactive rams. No significant difference was observed between 0.75 and 1.50 mg of naloxone/kg BW. Testosterone and LH were used as explanatory variables and sexual activity was used as the response variable in logistic procedures. In Year 1, greatest prediction accuracy was 73.5% using testosterone at 60 min after naloxone injection. In Year 2, the greatest prediction accuracy was 85% using LH at 15 min multiplied by testosterone at 60 min after naloxone. Test repeatability for both years on the same rams was 76%. In conclusion, pattern and magnitude of naloxone-induced changes in endocrine function may facilitate identification of sexually active and inactive rams during the breeding season. Prediction accuracy of the naloxone-based test was 69 to 85%.
|
['Animals', 'Breeding', 'Female', 'Libido', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Male', 'Naloxone', 'Narcotic Antagonists', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Sexual Behavior, Animal', 'Testosterone']
| 15,542,486
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.820.150', 'G05.090'], ['F02.739.794.511'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['D03.132.577.249.706', 'D03.605.497.750', 'D03.633.400.686.750', 'D04.615.723.795.706'], ['D27.505.696.543', 'D27.505.696.663.850.512', 'D27.505.954.427.550'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['F01.145.113.252.748'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.429.824', 'D06.472.334.851.968.984']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Structure-activity correlation in transfection promoted by pyridinium cationic lipids.
|
The efficiency of the transfection of a plasmid DNA encoding a galactosidase promoted by a series of pyridinium lipids in mixtures with other cationic lipids and neutral lipids was assessed in CHO-K1 cells. We identify key molecular parameters of the lipids in the mixture - clog P, lipid length, partial molar volume - to predict the morphology of the lipid-DNA lipoplex and then correlate these same parameters with transfection efficiency in an in vitro assay. We define a Transfection Index that provides a linear correlation with normalized transfection efficiency over a series of 90 different lipoplex compositions. We also explore the influence of the same set of molecular parameters on the cytotoxicity of the formulations.
|
['Animals', 'CHO Cells', 'Cations', 'Cell Survival', 'Cricetulus', 'DNA', 'Galactosidases', 'Lipids', 'Plasmids', 'Pyridinium Compounds', 'Transfection']
| 26,891,970
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210.200', 'A11.436.155'], ['D01.248.497.300'], ['G04.346'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.250'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D08.811.277.450.410'], ['D10'], ['G05.360.600'], ['D03.383.725.762'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Cordylobia anthropophaga as a cause of cutaneous myiasis in a dog in Germany].
|
This paper reports on a case of cutaneous myiasis due to Cordylobia anthropophaga in a dog imported from Cameroon to Germany. An account is given of the biology and ecology of this skin maggot fly as well as the clinics, diagnosis and treatment of the cutaneous myiasis are reviewed.
|
['Animals', 'Diptera', 'Dog Diseases', 'Dogs', 'Germany', 'Larva', 'Male', 'Myiasis', 'Skin Diseases']
| 8,999,598
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750'], ['C22.268'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['C01.610.858.211.503'], ['C17.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Discovery of Novel Schizocommunin Derivatives as Telomeric G-Quadruplex Ligands That Trigger Telomere Dysfunction and the Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Damage Response.
|
Telomeric G-quadruplex targeting and telomere maintenance interference are emerging as attractive strategies for anticancer therapies. Here, a novel molecular scaffold is explored for telomeric G-quadruplex targeting. A series of novel schizocommunin derivatives was designed and synthesized as potential telomeric G-quadruplex ligands. The interaction of telomeric G-quadruplex DNA with the derivatives was explored by biophysical assay. The cytotoxicity of the derivatives toward cancer cell lines was evaluated by the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Among the derivatives, compound 16 showed great stabilization ability toward telomeric G-quadruplex DNA and good cytotoxicity toward cancer cell lines. Further cellular experiments indicated that 16 could induce the formation of telomeric G-quadruplex in cells, triggering a DNA damage response at the telomere and causing telomere dysfunction. These effects ultimately provoked p53-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and suppressed tumor growth in a mouse xenograft model. Our work provides a novel scaffold for the development of telomeric G-quadruplex ligands.
|
['Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'DNA', 'DNA Damage', 'Drug Discovery', 'Female', 'G-Quadruplexes', 'G2 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints', 'Humans', 'Indoles', 'Ligands', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Telomerase', 'Telomere', 'Telomere Shortening', 'Telomere-Binding Proteins', 'Uterine Cervical Neoplasms', 'Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays']
| 29,618,208
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G05.200'], ['E05.295', 'H01.158.703.007.675', 'H01.181.466.675'], ['G02.111.570.820.486.550', 'G05.360.580.550'], ['G04.144.109.500', 'G04.144.500.340.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300.750.750', 'D12.776.157.687.613', 'D12.776.157.725.500.921', 'D12.776.660.720.613', 'D12.776.664.962.500.921'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.845', 'G05.360.160.845'], ['G02.111.225.940', 'G04.043.630', 'G05.226.940'], ['D12.776.260.735', 'D12.776.660.235.700'], ['C04.588.945.418.948.850', 'C13.351.500.852.593.131', 'C13.351.500.852.762.850', 'C13.351.937.418.875.850'], ['E05.337.550.200.900', 'E05.624.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Age, but not pineal status, modulates circadian periodicity of golden hamsters.
|
The pineal gland and its hormone, melatonin, have been implicated in the regulation of rat circadian rhythmicity. The present study was designed to evaluate whether the pineal has a similar role in the hamster, and to clarify whether the marked rhythm responses to constant light (LL) previously seen in serotonin-depleted hamsters might be attributable to a functional pinealectomy. The results demonstrated that young, but not old, hamsters showed loss of the circadian wheel-running rhythm (mostly via splitting) in LL, and that young hamsters had longer circadian periods in LL than old animals. Neither effect was related to the presence of a pineal gland. In LD 14:10 old animals ran much less than young animals, regardless of pineal status, and the suppression of running by LL was greater in old animals. The activity phase duration was only modestly related to age and not to pineal presence. The data support a previous report of an age effect on incidence of rhythm splitting and circadian period length, but do not support the view that the pineal gland helps modulate circadian rhythmicity in the hamster.
|
['Age Factors', 'Animals', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Cricetinae', 'Male', 'Mesocricetus', 'Motor Activity', 'Photoperiod', 'Pineal Gland']
| 8,280,908
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['B01.050'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.500'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['G01.910.675'], ['A06.300.635', 'A06.688.733', 'A08.186.211.180.200.680', 'A08.186.211.200.317.200.620', 'A08.713.733']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Cell aggregation by scaffolded receptor clusters.
|
The aggregation of cells by lectins or antibodies is important for biotechnological and therapeutic applications. One strategy to augment the avidity and aggregating properties of these mediators is to maximize the number of their ligand binding sites. The valency of lectins and antibodies, however, is limited by their quaternary structures. To overcome this limitation, we explored the use of polymers generated by ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) as scaffolds to noncovalently assemble multiple copies of a lectin, the tetravalent protein concanavalin A (Con A). We demonstrate that complexes between Con A and multivalent scaffolds aggregate cells of a T cell leukemia line (Jurkat) more effectively than Con A alone. We anticipate that synthetic scaffolds will offer a new means of facilitating processes that rely on cell aggregation, such as pathogen clearance and immune recognition.
|
['Cell Aggregation', 'Concanavalin A', 'Energy Transfer', 'Humans', 'Jurkat Cells', 'Macromolecular Substances', 'Models, Molecular', 'Protein Folding', 'Receptors, Concanavalin A']
| 11,880,031
|
[['G04.198.251'], ['D12.776.503.499.500', 'D12.776.765.678.500'], ['G01.154.240', 'G02.111.255', 'G02.216'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.251.210.190.495', 'A11.251.860.180.495', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.440'], ['D05'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G01.154.651', 'G02.111.688'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.880.600']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Upregulation of cell-surface mucin MUC15 in human nasal epithelial cells upon influenza A virus infection.
|
BACKGROUND: Cell-surface mucins are expressed in apical epithelial cells of the respiratory tract, and contribute a crucial part of the innate immune system. Despite anti-inflammatory or antiviral functions being revealed for certain cell-surface mucins such as MUC1, the roles of other mucins are still poorly understood, especially in viral infections.METHODS: To further identify mucins significant in influenza infection, we screened the expression of mucins in human nasal epithelial cells infected by H3N2 influenza A virus.RESULTS: We found that the expression of MUC15 was significantly upregulated upon infection, and specific only to active infection. While MUC15 did not interact with virus particles or reduce viral replication directly, positive correlations were observed between MUC15 and inflammatory factors in response to viral infection. Given that the upregulation of MUC15 was only triggered late into infection when immune factors (including cytokines, chemokines, EGFR and phosphorylated ERK) started to peak and plateau, MUC15 may potentially serve an immunomodulatory function later during influenza viral infection.CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed that MUC15 was one of the few cell-surface mucins induced during influenza infection. While MUC15 did not interact directly with influenza virus, we showed that its increase coincides with the peak of immune activation and thus MUC15 may serve an immunomodulatory role during influenza infection.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chemokines', 'Cytokines', 'Dogs', 'Epithelial Cells', 'ErbB Receptors', 'Humans', 'Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype', 'Influenza, Human', 'Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells', 'Mucins', 'Nasal Cavity', 'RNA Interference', 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Up-Regulation', 'Virus Replication']
| 31,307,416
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.644.276.374.200', 'D12.776.467.374.200', 'D23.125.300', 'D23.469.200', 'D23.529.374.200'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['A11.436'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B04.820.480.968.405.400.300'], ['C01.748.310', 'C01.925.782.620.365', 'C08.730.310'], ['A11.251.210.827', 'A11.436.589'], ['D12.776.395.560.631'], ['A04.531.449'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875'], ['D12.776.828'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hirudin and nitrates inhibit the thrombin-induced release of endothelin from the intact porcine aorta.
|
In intact porcine aorta, endothelium-derived nitric oxide released on thrombin stimulation inhibits the concomitant production of endothelin. Experiments were designed to examine the effect of hirudin (which inactivates thrombin) and the nitrovasodilators nitroglycerin and 3-morpholinosydnonimine on the spontaneous and thrombin-stimulated release of endothelin in intact blood vessels. Endothelin was detected by radioimmunoassay in the incubating medium of intact porcine aortas with endothelium. The spontaneous release of endothelin was not affected by hirudin (0.1 micrograms/ml) but that induced by thrombin (4 units/ml) was prevented. Nitroglycerin (10(-5) M) and the active metabolite of molsidomine, 3-morpholinosydnonimine (10(-5) M), did not modify the basal production of endothelin from the intima of intact porcine aortas. However, the nitrates fully inhibited the release of the peptide induced by thrombin (4 units/ml). The inhibitory effects of both 3-morpholinosydnonimine and nitroglycerin on the thrombin-stimulated release of endothelin were abolished in the presence of an inhibitor of soluble guanylate cyclase, methylene blue (10(-5) M). Thus, the thrombin-stimulated release of endothelin is inhibited by inactivation of thrombin with hirudin or by agents that mimic the effect of endothelium-derived nitric oxide. In contrast, the spontaneous production of endothelin is not modulated by the drugs.
|
['Animals', 'Aorta', 'Calcimycin', 'Endothelins', 'Hirudins', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Methylene Blue', 'Nitrates', 'Nitroglycerin', 'Swine', 'Thrombin']
| 1,903,680
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056'], ['D03.633.100.221.173'], ['D12.644.276.400', 'D12.776.467.400', 'D23.529.400'], ['D12.644.861.060.875', 'D12.776.872.060.875'], ['E05.481'], ['D02.886.369.517', 'D03.633.300.783.517'], ['D01.248.497.158.606', 'D01.625.525.550', 'D02.583'], ['D02.640.636'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.855', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.855', 'D12.776.124.125.890', 'D23.119.960']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Descriptive epidemiology of vulvar and vaginal cancers in Vaud, Switzerland, 1974-1994.
|
BACKGROUND: To analyse trends in incidence, survival and risk of second neoplasms following vaginal and vulvar cancers using data collected by the Swiss Cancer Registry of Vaud over the 21-year period 1974-1994.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Subjects were 257 vulvo-vaginal cancers. Of these, 69 were vaginal, 153 vulvar cancers, and 35 non-specified lower genital tract neoplasms; 94 in situ neoplasms were also registered (85 for the vulva).RESULTS: Invasive vaginal cancer incidence decreased from 0.8 in 1974-1984 to 0.4/100,000 women in 1985-1994, while invasive vulvar cancer incidence remained approximately stable around 1.2/100,000 (world standard); incidence of in situ vulvar cancer increased from 0.8 to 1.3/100,000, the rise being larger in younger women. Significant excesses for second primary neoplasms were observed for pro-pharyngeal and lung cancer, and for non-melanomatous skin neoplasms, as well as for invasive vulvar cancers following in situ cancers.CONCLUSIONS: This population-based dataset confirms that the incidence of in situ vulvar (but not invasive vulvar or vaginal cancer) has been increasing over the last 20 years. The excess second primary neoplasms supports the hypotheses that human papillomavirus and cigarette smoking are related to vulvo-vaginal neoplasms.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Middle Aged', 'Registries', 'Risk Factors', 'Survival Analysis', 'Switzerland', 'Vaginal Neoplasms', 'Vulvar Neoplasms']
| 9,862,054
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['Z01.542.883'], ['C04.588.945.418.955', 'C13.351.500.894.834', 'C13.351.937.418.937'], ['C04.588.945.418.968', 'C13.351.500.944.819', 'C13.351.937.418.968']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Long-term outcome, survival analysis, and risk stratification of dynamic cardiomyoplasty.
|
METHODS: To analyze the long-term outcome of dynamic cardiomyoplasty, we retrospectively studied 127 consecutive patients who underwent this procedure in Paris, France (n = 76), S?o Paulo, Brazil (n = 37), and Portland, Oregon (n = 14). Preoperative data were collected for patients operated on between January 1985 and June 1994 and examined with respect to effect on long-term survival. Patients had a mean age of 50 +/- 13 years and were predominantly male (82%). In 46% the cause of disease was ischemic. Concomitant operations were performed in 22 patients.RESULTS: Operative mortality was 12% (15/127). Kaplan-Meier survival +/- standard error at 1 through 5 years was 73% +/- 4%, 57% +/- 5%, 49% +/- 6%, 44% +/- 6%, and 40% +/- 7%, respectively. There was a distinct improvement at 6 months in New York Heart Association functional class (3.2 +/- 0.05 vs 1.7 +/- 0.07, p < 0.0001) and a small but significant increase in left ventricular ejection fraction (20% +/- 0.8% vs 23% +/- 1.5%, p = 0.04). Ninety-day mortality was associated with low right ventricular ejection fraction, a blunted hemodynamic response to exercise testing, and requirement for an intraaortic balloon pump at the time of the operation. Using a stepwise Cox regression method of multivariable survival analysis (n = 101), we determined that atrial fibrillation, New York Heart Association class IV, high pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, and balloon pump use were independent variables simultaneously associated with poor overall survival. When metabolic testing variables were added to this model, peak oxygen consumption eliminated both pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and functional class from the model, albeit with fewer (n = 74) patients.CONCLUSION: Dynamic cardiomyoplasty is an evolving therapy for symptomatic congestive heart failure, the results of which may be enhanced by intelligent, risk-sensitive patient selection.
|
['Cardiomyoplasty', 'Exercise Test', 'Female', 'Heart Failure', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Patient Selection', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk', 'Risk Factors', 'Survival Analysis', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 8,975,856
|
[['E04.100.376.125', 'E04.928.220.220'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['C14.280.434'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['E05.581.500.653', 'N04.590.731'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Full text multilingual automatic morphosemantems for stand-alone or Internet based applications.
|
The authors present an automatic tool able to provide real-time morphosemantic decomposition of natural language sentences in French, German and English. This tool demonstrates the feasibility of Natural Language Processing on standard PC computers and the technology involved has been successfully implemented in daily used applications in several European hospitals. It considerably alleviates the burden of coding with various international classification and enhances the quality of the final results. This tool, delivered on PC platforms, is highly convivial and provides a versatile interface to any existing applications based on the Microsoft Windows standards. Moreover, all high levels functions have been encapsulated in Object Oriented Components and can therefore be reused using the Common Object Model standards to develop stand-alone or Internet applications.
|
['Classification', 'Internet', 'Multilingualism', 'Natural Language Processing', 'Semantics']
| 10,384,438
|
[['L01.100', 'L01.453.245.275'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['L01.559.423.452'], ['L01.224.050.375.580'], ['L01.559.598.745']]
|
['Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Are infertility treatments a potential risk factor for cancer development? Perspective of 30 years of follow-up.
|
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible risk for cancer development in infertile women with over 30 years of follow-up. Cancer development was assessed through linkage with the National Cancer Registry updated to 31 December 2005 in a cohort of 2431 women who were treated for infertility at the Sheba Medical Center in Israel during the period 1964-1974 and contributed more than 84,000 women years of follow-up. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were calculated between the observed cancer cases and the expected cancer rates in the general population. The mean age at the end of follow-up was 62.7 years. Eighteen cases of ovarian cancer were observed as compared to 18.1 expected (SIR = 1.0; 95% CI = 0.59-1.57). For breast cancer, 153 cases were observed as compared to 131.9 expected (SIR = 1.16; 95% CI = 0.98-1.36), and for endometrial cancer, 30 cases were observed as compared to 17.8 expected cases (SIR = 1.69; 95% CI = 1.14-2.41). No excess risk associated with exposure to gonadotropins was observed. Infertility was found to be associated with significant increased risk for endometrial cancer and borderline increased risk for breast cancer. Ovarian cancer risk was not found to be elevated. No significant excess risk was associated with treatment with ovulation induction.
|
['Adult', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Cohort Studies', 'Endometrial Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Fertility Agents, Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Infertility, Female', 'Israel', 'Medical Records', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Ovulation Induction', 'Registries', 'Reproductive Techniques, Assisted', 'Risk Factors']
| 22,475,084
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['C04.588.945.418.948.585', 'C13.351.500.852.762.200', 'C13.351.937.418.875.200'], ['D27.505.696.875.552.344', 'D27.505.954.705.552.344'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['C13.351.500.365.700'], ['Z01.252.245.500.375'], ['E05.318.308.940.968', 'N04.452.859.564', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['E02.875.800.984', 'E05.820.800.984'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E02.875.800', 'E05.820.800'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Celiac disease in India: are they true cases of celiac disease?
|
BACKGROUND: In a developing country, many conditions other then celiac disease (CD) can give rise to villous atrophy. We therefore assessed the role of immunoglobulin A (IgA)-antigliadin antibody (AGA) in addition to the ESPGHAN criteria in the diagnosis of CD in 104 Indian children.METHODS: Consecutive children with suspected CD were evaluated over 3 years with an intention to diagnose CD. Complete hemogram, d-xylose absorption test, endoscopic duodenal biopsy, and IgA-AGA titers were performed in all. CD was diagnosed on the basis of modified ESPGHAN criteria irrespective of IgA-AGA positivity (>5 U/mL), and those diagnosed were put on gluten-free diet and were monitored regularly. Children with suspected CD who had a normal duodenal biopsy result were taken as controls.RESULTS: The mean age of 50 children with CD was 6.3 +/- 2.6 years, with a male to female ratio of 3:2. The mean duration of symptoms was 3.4 +/- 2.2 years. Predominant symptoms were pallor in 96%, failure to thrive in 92%, and diarrhea in 80%. On follow-up (19.6 +/- 8 months), symptoms subsided within 16 +/- 9.8 days, and patients showed significant weight gain (mean weight at diagnoses and at last follow-up visit were 66% and 86% of expected, respectively; P < 0.001) and height gain (mean height at diagnoses and at last follow-up visit were 88% and 94% of expected, respectively; P = nonsignificant). The control group comprised 47 children with a mean age of 6.9 +/- 3 years. On comparing CD with controls, diarrhea, anemia, low weight, and stunting were significantly (P < 0.001) more frequent in patients with CD. Sensitivity and specificity of AGA at a cutoff value of 5 U/mL were 94% and 91.5% and at 10 U/mL 88% and 100%, respectively. Follow-up AGA test was performed in 42 of 47 positive cases. All showed significant decrease in AGA titer, and 29 (70%) had a negative test result.CONCLUSIONS: Indian children with CD are true cases of CD. They present late, diarrhea is absent in 20% of cases, and AGA test results show 88% of children without false-positive results at a cutoff value of 10 U/mL. However, AGA test with 94% sensitivity at a cutoff value of 5 U/mL can be used as screening test to select suspected cases for further workup.
|
['Autoantibodies', 'Biomarkers', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Celiac Disease', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Failure to Thrive', 'False Positive Reactions', 'Female', 'Gliadin', 'Glutens', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin A', 'India', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Prospective Studies', 'Reference Values', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 12,394,375
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323'], ['D23.101'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C06.405.469.637.250', 'C18.452.603.250'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E01.171'], ['C23.888.338'], ['E01.354.506'], ['D12.776.765.433.500.500.400', 'D12.776.765.725.500.500.400'], ['D12.776.765.433.500.500', 'D12.776.765.725.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.026', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.026', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.026'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Prevalence of subjective voice impairment in rheumatoid arthritis.
|
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) might lead to voice impairment through several mechanisms but its prevalence has been little investigated. RA patients attending a rheumatology outpatient clinic had joint assessments and completed the Voice Handicap Index-10 (VHI-10). A comparator group consisted of patients attending the department with other diseases. Seventy-three patients with RA and 73 comparators were recruited. Four patients with RA (5%) and one comparator (1%) had significantly abnormal VHI-10 scores. RA patients with a Disease Activity Score 28 >3.2, indicating more active disease, had significantly higher VHI-10 scores. A low prevalence of self-reported voice handicap occurs in RA and associates with more active disease.
|
['Aged', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Disability Evaluation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prevalence', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'United Kingdom', 'Voice Disorders']
| 18,716,729
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E01.370.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['Z01.542.363'], ['C08.360.940', 'C09.400.940', 'C10.597.975', 'C23.888.592.979']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Precurarization--a hazard to the patient?
|
Four case histories are presented illustrating the unpleasant and serious reactions that may follow precurarization with small doses of non-depolarizing muscle relaxants. The importance of preoperative information, the necessity of relating the dose of the precurarizing drug to the weight of the patient and the possibility of hypersensitivity to this drug are emphasized.
|
['Adult', 'Anxiety', 'Body Weight', 'Fear', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Neuromuscular Blocking Agents', 'Pancuronium', 'Paralysis', 'Preanesthetic Medication', 'Sensation', 'Vecuronium Bromide']
| 6,143,465
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.132'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['F01.470.361'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.663.700.710'], ['D04.210.500.054.040.685'], ['C10.597.622', 'C23.888.592.636'], ['E03.806', 'E04.604.750.619'], ['F02.830.816', 'G11.561.790'], ['D04.210.500.054.040.920']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Blood transfusion during pregnancy, birth, and the postnatal period.
|
OBJECTIVES: To identify risk factors for transfusion and trends in transfusion rates across pregnancy and the postnatal period.METHODS: Linked hospital and birth data on all births in hospitals in New South Wales, Australia, between 2001 and 2010 were used to identify blood transfusions for women during pregnancy, at birth, and in the 6 weeks postpartum. Poisson regression was used to identify risk factors for red cell transfusion in the birth admission. Separate models were fitted for cesarean and vaginal births.RESULTS: Between 2001 and 2010, there were 12,147 transfusions across 891,914 pregnancies, with a transfusion rate of 1.4%. The transfusion rate increased steadily from 1.2% in 2001 to 1.6% in 2010. The majority of transfusions (91%) occurred during the birth admission, and 81% of these transfusions were associated with a diagnosis of hemorrhage. Women with bleeding or platelet disorders (vaginal: number transfused 529, relative risk [RR] 7.8, 99% confidence interval [CI] 6.9-8.7, cesarean: n=592, RR 8.7, CI 7.7-9.7) and placenta previa: (vaginal n=73, RR 4.6, CI 3.4-6.3, cesarean: n=875, RR 5.7, CI 5.1-6.4) were at highest risk of transfusion. Among vaginal births, increased risk was evident for forceps (n=1,036, RR 2.8, CI 2.5-3.0) or vacuum births (n=1,073, RR 1.9, CI 1.7-2.0) compared with nonoperative births.CONCLUSIONS: Rates of obstetric blood product transfusion have increased by 33% since 2001, with the majority of this associated with hemorrhage. Women with bleeding or platelet disorders and placenta previa are at increased risk of transfusion and should be treated accordingly.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Transfusion', 'Delivery, Obstetric', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Postpartum Period', 'Pregnancy', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Young Adult']
| 24,463,672
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E02.095.135'], ['E04.520.252'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.702'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Bauerenol, a triterpenoid from Indian Suregada angustifolia: Induces reactive oxygen species-mediated P38MAPK activation and apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells.
|
The triterpenoid, bauerenol, from Suregada angustifolia (Baill. ex Muell.-Arg.) Airy Shaw (Euphorbiaceae) was screened for anti-cancer property using hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, HepG2. Bauerenol exhibited growth inhibitory and apoptosis inducing potential against HepG2 cancer cells. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide cytotoxic assay revealed that bauerenol treatment significantly reduced the growth of HepG2 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner with 50% growth inhibitory concentration doses of 45 and 25 µg/mL at 24 and 48 h treatments, respectively. Bauerenol-induced cell death reflected apoptotic morphological features, that is, cell membrane blebbing, vacuolization, chromatin condensation, and nuclear fragmentation. In addition, bauerenol treatment diminished the mitochondrial membrane potential, by inducing the efflux of cytochrome c, downregulating the levels of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 as well as upregulating the levels of pro-apoptotic Bax, and inducing caspase activation and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. Moreover, bauerenol treatment activates p38MAPK and inactivates the anti-apoptotic kinases Akt and ERK1/2 through the induction of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, bauerenol-mediated S-phase arrest was associated with downregulation of cell cycle-rate-limiting factor (cyclin D1) and upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 and tumor suppressor p53. Interestingly, pre-treatment of cells with reactive oxygen species inhibitor and p38 inhibitor significantly decreases bauerenol-induced cytotoxicity, Bax upregulation, and p38 activation. This study clearly states that bauerenol induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through the reactive oxygen species-dependent p38MAPK activation in HepG2 cancer cells.
|
['Apoptosis', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Cyclin D1', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Hep G2 Cells', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Plant Extracts', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Suregada', 'Triterpenes', 'bcl-2-Associated X Protein', 'p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases']
| 28,443,465
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['D12.644.360.262.150.100', 'D12.776.167.218.150.100', 'D12.776.476.262.150.100', 'D12.776.624.664.700.100'], ['G05.308.370'], ['A11.251.860.180.432', 'A11.436.348.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.797.438.825'], ['D02.455.849.919'], ['D12.644.360.075.718.400', 'D12.776.476.075.718.400'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.843', 'D12.644.360.450.835', 'D12.776.476.450.835']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A new cellular stress response that triggers centriolar satellite reorganization and ciliogenesis.
|
Centriolar satellites are small, granular structures that cluster around centrosomes, but whose biological function and regulation are poorly understood. We show that centriolar satellites undergo striking reorganization in response to cellular stresses such as UV radiation, heat shock, and transcription blocks, invoking acute and selective displacement of the factors AZI1/CEP131, PCM1, and CEP290 from this compartment triggered by activation of the stress-responsive kinase p38/MAPK14. We demonstrate that the E3 ubiquitin ligase MIB1 is a new component of centriolar satellites, which interacts with and ubiquitylates AZI1 and PCM1 and suppresses primary cilium formation. In response to cell stress, MIB1 is abruptly inactivated in a p38-independent manner, leading to loss of AZI1, PCM1, and CEP290 ubiquitylation and concomitant stimulation of ciliogenesis, even in proliferating cells. Collectively, our findings uncover a new two-pronged signalling response, which by coupling p38-dependent phosphorylation with MIB1-catalysed ubiquitylation of ciliogenesis-promoting factors plays an important role in controlling centriolar satellite status and key centrosomal functions in a cell stress-regulated manner.
|
['Antigens, Neoplasm', 'Autoantigens', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cell Cycle Proteins', 'Centrioles', 'Centrosome', 'Cilia', 'Cytoskeletal Proteins', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Humans', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Microtubule Proteins', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 14', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Phosphorylation', 'Stress, Physiological', 'Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases', 'p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases']
| 24,121,310
|
[['D23.050.285'], ['D23.050.422'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['D12.776.167'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750.585.160.130', 'A11.284.430.214.190.750.820.500.500.130'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750.585.160', 'A11.284.430.214.190.750.820.500.500'], ['A11.284.180.165'], ['D12.776.220'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['D05.750.078.734', 'D12.776.220.600'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.843.937', 'D12.644.360.450.835.800', 'D12.776.476.450.835.937'], ['D12.776.624'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['G07.775'], ['D08.811.464.938.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.843', 'D12.644.360.450.835', 'D12.776.476.450.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Neutrophil elastase enhances IL-12p40 production by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages via transactivation of the PAR-2/EGFR/TLR4 signaling pathway.
|
Proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR-2) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) are involved in innate immune responses and signaling cross-talk between these receptor molecules has the potential to augment an ongoing inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible cooperative influence of PAR-2 and TLR4 on IL-12p40 production by macrophages after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). During culture, GM-CSF upregulated PAR-2 expression by macrophages in a time-dependent manner. Stimulation with LPS enhanced IL-12p40 production by macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner. While human neutrophil elastase (HNE) did not induce IL-12p40 production, pretreatment of macrophages with HNE synergistically increased the IL-12p40 protein level after LPS exposure. Silencing of TLR4 with small interfering RNA blunted the synergistic enhancement of IL-12p40 by HNE combined with LPS. Silencing of â-arrestin 2, p22phox, or ERK1/2 also inhibited an increase of IL-12p40. Interestingly, transfection of macrophages with small interfering RNA duplexes for DUOX-2, EGFR, TLR4, or TRAF6 significantly blunted the increase of IL-12p40 in response to treatment with HNE plus LPS. U73122 and Rottlerin also inhibited the increased production of IL-12p40. In conclusion, HNE is involved in transactivation of TLR4 through activation of DUOX-2/EGFR and synergistically enhances IL-12p40 production by macrophages stimulated with LPS.
|
['Cells, Cultured', 'Dual Oxidases', 'ErbB Receptors', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-12 Subunit p40', 'Leukocyte Elastase', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Macrophages', 'Receptor Cross-Talk', 'Receptor, PAR-2', 'Signal Transduction', 'Toll-Like Receptor 4', 'Transcriptional Activation']
| 27,282,560
|
[['A11.251'], ['D08.811.682.608.575.500', 'D12.776.331.894.500', 'D12.776.543.653.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.512.500', 'D12.644.276.374.465.759.249', 'D12.776.467.374.465.512.500', 'D12.776.467.374.465.759.249', 'D23.529.374.465.512.500', 'D23.529.374.465.550.249'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.560.500', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.560.500'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['G04.794'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.035', 'D12.776.543.750.792.249'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.910.500.400'], ['G05.308.800']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A highly selective ratiometric fluorescent probe based on naphthalimide for detection and imaging of CYP1A1 in living cells and zebrafish.
|
Real-time monitoring of the cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) activity in complex biological systems via a practical tool is highly sought after because of its significant role in the metabolism and bioactivation of various xenobiotics. Herein, according to slight differences in the 3D structure and substrate preference between CYP1A1 and its homologous CYP1A2, a series of novel ratiometric fluorescent probes were designed and synthesized using 1,8-naphthalimide because of its trait of naked-eye visualization and ratiometric fluorescence to achieve the detection of CYP1A1 in biological samples. Among these probes, NEiPN showed good water solubility, highly isoform selectivity and great sensitivity (LOD = 0.04874 nM) for CYP1A1 under simulated physiological conditions, which makes it favorable for monitoring CYP1A1 in vivo. Remarkably, NEiPN exhibited excellent reproducibility when it was used to detect the CYP1A1 content in human liver microsomes, which indicated that it has a great potential for quantifying the CYP1A1 content in real biological samples. Furthermore, NEiPN showed relatively low cytotoxicity and has been successfully applied in biological imaging in living cells and zebrafish. These findings indicate that NEiPN is capable of real-time monitoring of the activity of endogenous CYP1A1, which could provide support for CYP1A1-associated pathological processes.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Humans', 'Limit of Detection', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Microsomes, Liver', 'Naphthalimides', 'Protein Isoforms', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Solubility', 'Water', 'Zebrafish', 'Zebrafish Proteins']
| 31,670,325
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D08.244.453.005.332', 'D08.244.453.100.500', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.010.277', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.020.500', 'D12.776.422.220.453.010.332', 'D12.776.422.220.453.100.500'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.872.374', 'N05.715.360.750.725.500', 'N06.850.520.830.872.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['A11.284.835.540.541'], ['D02.478.480', 'D03.383.621.808.612', 'D03.633.100.531.460', 'D04.615.638.596'], ['D12.776.800'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['G02.805'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.200.244.828'], ['D12.776.325.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Value of two noninvasive methods to detect progression of fibrosis among HCV carriers with normal aminotransferases.
|
The course of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection carriers with normal/near-normal aminotransferases (NALT) is usually mild; however, in a few, fibrosis progression occurs. We aimed to verify whether monitoring by liver biopsy might be replaced by noninvasive methods and to identify factors associated with fibrosis progression in patients with persistently normal alanine aminotransferases. We studied 40 untreated HCV-RNA-positive subjects (22 male; median age, 44 years), who underwent two liver biopsies, with a median interval of 78.5 months, during which alanine aminotransferase concentrations (median number of determinations: 12) never exceeded 1.2 times the upper normal limit. Within 9 months from the second biopsy, they were tested by the shear elasticity probe (Fibroscan) and the artificial intelligence algorithm FibroTest. METAVIR fibrosis scores were analyzed in relationship to demographic, clinical, and viral parameters. Weighted kappa analysis was used to verify whether the results of noninvasive methods agreed with histology. Significant fibrosis (> or = F2), present at the first biopsy in only one patient (2.5%), was observed at the second biopsy in 14 patients (35%). At multivariate analysis, excess alcohol consumption in the past (>20 g/d; P = .017) and viral load (>8.0 x 10(6) copies/mL; P = .021) were independent predictors of progression. In identifying patients with significant fibrosis, inter-rater agreement was excellent for Fibroscan (weighted kappa = 1.0), and poor for FibroTest (weighted kappa = -0.041). In conclusion, among HCV carriers with NALT, Fibroscan is superior to the FibroTest in the noninvasive identification of fibrosis, for which excess alcohol consumption in the past and high viral load represent risk factors.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Alanine Transaminase', 'Algorithms', 'Biomarkers', 'Biopsy', 'Carrier State', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Hepatitis C, Chronic', 'Humans', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Ultrasonography']
| 16,121,354
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D08.811.913.477.700.100'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['D23.101'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['N06.850.520.169'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['C01.221.250.750.120', 'C01.925.440.440.120', 'C01.925.782.350.350.120', 'C06.552.380.350.120', 'C06.552.380.705.440.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.552.630', 'C23.550.355.412'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Restoration of beta1A integrins is required for lysophosphatidic acid-induced migration of beta1-null mouse fibroblastic cells.
|
Cells lacking the beta1 integrin subunit or expressing beta1A with certain cytoplasmic mutations have poor directed cell migration to platelet-derived growth factor or epidermal growth factor, ligands of receptor tyrosine kinases (Sakai, T., Zhang, Q., F?ssler, R., and Mosher, D. F. (1998) J. Cell Biol. 141, 527-538). We investigated the effect of expression of beta1A integrins on lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)-induced migration of fibroblastic cells derived from beta1-null mouse embryonic stem cells. These cells expressed edg-2, a G-protein-linked receptor for LPA, as well as the related edg-1 receptor. Cells expressing wild type beta1A demonstrated enhanced cell migration across filters coated with gelatin or adhesive proteins in response to LPA, whereas beta1-deficient cells lacked LPA-induced cell migratory ability. Checkerboard analyses indicated that LPA causes both chemotaxis and chemokinesis of beta1-replete cells. Cells expressing beta1A with mutations of prolines or tyrosines in conserved cytoplasmic NPXY motifs, threonine in the inter-motif sequence, or a critical aspartic acid in the extracellular domain had low migratory responses to LPA. These findings indicate that active beta1A integrin is required for cell migration induced by LPA and that the cytoplasmic domain of ligated beta1A interacts with pathways that are common to both receptor tyrosine kinase and G-protein-linked receptor signaling.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Movement', 'Epidermal Growth Factor', 'Fibroblasts', 'Fibronectins', 'Gelatin', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Integrin beta1', 'Laminin', 'Lysophospholipids', 'Mice', 'Platelet-Derived Growth Factor', 'Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'Vitronectin']
| 9,677,354
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['D06.472.317.350', 'D12.644.276.382.500', 'D12.776.467.382.500', 'D23.529.382.500'], ['A11.329.228'], ['D12.776.377.715.390', 'D12.776.395.550.350', 'D12.776.543.550.350', 'D12.776.860.300.450'], ['D12.776.860.476'], ['G05.308'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.408.200.500'], ['D12.776.395.550.530', 'D12.776.543.550.500', 'D12.776.860.300.675'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.644.276.910', 'D12.776.124.625', 'D12.776.467.910', 'D23.529.910'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400', 'D12.776.543.750.630'], ['D12.776.124.920', 'D12.776.395.970', 'D12.776.860.300.920']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Developmental changes in the balance of disparity, blur, and looming/proximity cues to drive ocular alignment and focus.
|
Accurate coordination of accommodation and convergence is necessary to view near objects and develop fine motor coordination. We used a remote haploscopic videorefraction paradigm to measure longitudinal changes in simultaneous ocular accommodation and vergence to targets at different depths, and to all combinations of blur, binocular disparity, and change-in-size ('proximity') cues. Infants were followed longitudinally and compared with older children and young adults, with the prediction that sensitivity to different cues would change during development. Mean infant responses to the most naturalistic condition were similar to those of adults from 6-7 weeks (accommodation) and 8-9 weeks (vergence). Proximity cues influenced responses most in infants of less than 14 weeks of age, but sensitivity declined thereafter. Between 12 and 28 weeks of age infants were equally responsive to all three cues, while in older children and adults manipulation of disparity resulted in the greatest changes in response. Despite rapid development of visual acuity (thus increasing availability of blur cues), responses to blur were stable throughout development. Our results suggest that, during much of infancy, vergence and accommodation responses are not dependent on the development of specific depth cues, but make use of any cues available to drive appropriate changes in response.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Child', 'Child Development', 'Child, Preschool', 'Convergence, Ocular', 'Cues', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Vision Disparity', 'Vision, Binocular', 'Visual Acuity', 'Young Adult']
| 24,344,547
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F01.525.200', 'G07.345.374.750'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['G14.350.217'], ['F02.463.425.234'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['E05.723.729'], ['F02.463.593.778.255.780', 'F02.463.593.932.877', 'G14.930'], ['F02.463.593.932.885'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Age and duration of disease as factors affecting clinical findings and sacroiliitis in brucellosis.
|
OBJECTIVE: Brucellosis may be seen in any age group, but it still involves young and middle aged adults more frequently. Our aim was to investigate the relationship between age and the duration of disease on clinical findings of brucellosis in adults in this study.PATIENTS AND METHOD: One hundred and sixty-three patients with brucellosis, treated in our hospital, between 1997 and 2003, were evaluated retrospectively.RESULTS: Fever was found in 60.7% of the patients, and it was significantly higher when the duration of disease was less than one month (p = 0.03). Fever was significantly lower in the > or = 65 age group (p = 0.01). Sacroiliitis was detected in 44.1% of patients. Sacroiliitis was significantly higher in the 15-35 age group (p = 0.03). There were no differences between age groups and other clinical and laboratory findings.CONCLUSIONS: Sacroiliac involvement was noted particularly in young adults who manifested lumbar pain and fever, but this might not be a major symptom of brucellosis in the elderly, or in patients showing symptoms for more than a month.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Animals', 'Arthritis, Infectious', 'Brucella', 'Brucellosis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Joint Diseases', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sacroiliac Joint', 'Turkey']
| 17,906,836
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B01.050'], ['C01.100', 'C05.550.114.099'], ['B03.440.400.425.215.500', 'B03.660.050.070.100'], ['C01.150.252.400.167'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.550'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['A02.835.583.707'], ['Z01.252.245.500.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Glycosylation of immunodominant linear epitopes in the carboxy-terminal region of the caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus surface envelope enhances vaccine-induced type-specific and cross-reactive neutralizing antibody responses.
|
This study evaluated type-specific and cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies induced by immunization with modified surface glycoproteins (SU) of the 63 isolate of caprine arthritis-encephalitis lentivirus (CAEV-63). Epitope mapping of sera from CAEV-infected goats localized immunodominant linear epitopes in the carboxy terminus of SU. Two modified SU (SU-M and SU-T) and wild-type CAEV-63 SU (SU-W) were produced in vaccinia virus and utilized to evaluate the effects of glycosylation or the deletion of immunodominant linear epitopes on neutralizing antibody responses induced by immunization. SU-M contained two N-linked glycosylation sites inserted into the target epitopes by R539S and E542N mutations. SU-T was truncated at 518A, upstream from the target epitopes, by introduction of termination codons at 519Y and 521Y. Six yearling Saanen goats were immunized subcutaneously with 30 microg of SU-W, SU-M, or SU-T in Quil A adjuvant and boosted at 3, 7, and 16 weeks. SU antibody titers determined by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay demonstrated anamnestic responses after each boost. Wild-type and modified SU-induced type-specific CAEV-63 neutralizing antibodies and cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies against CAEV-Co, a virus isolate closely related to CAEV-63, and CAEV-1g5, an isolate geographically distinct from CAEV-63, were determined. Immunization with SU-T resulted in altered recognition of SU linear epitopes and a 2.8- to 4.6-fold decrease in neutralizing antibody titers against CAEV-63, CAEV-Co, and CAEV-1g5 compared to titers of SU-W-immunized goats. In contrast, immunization with SU-M resulted in reduced recognition of glycosylated epitopes and a 2.4- to 2.7-fold increase in neutralizing antibody titers compared to titers of SU-W-immunized goats. Thus, the glycosylation of linear immunodominant nonneutralization epitopes, but not epitope deletion, is an effective strategy to enhance neutralizing antibody responses by immunization.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Antibodies, Viral', 'Antibody Specificity', 'Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus, Caprine', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cross Reactions', 'Glycosylation', 'Goats', 'Immunodominant Epitopes', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Neutralization Tests', 'Viral Envelope Proteins', 'Viral Vaccines']
| 15,308,714
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254'], ['G12.100'], ['B04.820.650.589.600.070'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['G12.122.281'], ['G02.111.158.812', 'G02.607.299', 'G03.191.812'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.513'], ['D23.050.550.500'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.550', 'E05.200.812.735.550', 'E05.478.594.760.550'], ['D09.400.430.968', 'D12.776.395.550.993', 'D12.776.543.550.993', 'D12.776.964.970.880'], ['D20.215.894.899']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Long-lifetime Ru(II) complexes as labeling reagents for sulfhydryl groups.
|
We report the synthesis and spectral properties of two long-lifetime highly luminescent Ru(II) complexes containing either a sulfhydryl reactive iodoacetamido group or a less reactive choloroacetamido group, [Ru(bpy)2(5-iodoacetamido-1,10-phenanthroline)] (PF6)2 and [Ru(bpy)2(5-chloroacetamido-1,10-phenanthroline)](PF6) 2, respectively, where bpy is 2,2'-bipyridine. Ru(bpy)2(phen-IA)](PF6)2 was covalently linked to human serum albumin (HSA) and human immunoglobulin G (IgG). The photoluminescence lifetime of protein-bound probes approaches 1 microsecond under ambient conditions. In the absence of rotational motions, this probe displayed an anisotropy of 0.18 for excitation at 472 nm. Anisotropy decay data were used to determine the overall rotational correlation times of HSA and IgG. These long-lifetime sulfhydryl-reactive probes can be used to recover microsecond rotational motions and/or domain motions of proteins and/or macromolecular complexes.
|
['Cysteine', 'Humans', 'Luminescent Measurements', 'Organometallic Compounds', 'Proteins', 'Ruthenium', 'Spectrophotometry', 'Sulfhydryl Compounds']
| 9,451,499
|
[['D02.886.030.230', 'D02.886.489.155', 'D12.125.154.299', 'D12.125.166.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.196.712.516'], ['D02.691'], ['D12.776'], ['D01.268.556.805', 'D01.268.956.812', 'D01.552.544.805'], ['E05.196.712.726', 'E05.196.867.826'], ['D02.886.489']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The effect of glucagon on myoinositol levels in the blood serum and its excretion with urine.
|
The investigations were carried out with a group of ten healthy men aged 20--26 years who were injected intravenously with glucagon in a single dose of 50 microgram per kg of body weight. Glucagon had no effect on myoinositol levels in the blood serum. It caused however, a significant decrease in the myoinositol discharge into urine and lowered the index of renal myoinositol clearance. The creatinine clearance index remained unchanged.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Glucose', 'Glucagon', 'Humans', 'Inositol', 'Kidney', 'Male']
| 747,110
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['D06.472.699.587.730.500', 'D12.644.548.586.730.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.033.800.519', 'D09.853.519'], ['A05.810.453']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Heparin inhibits the inflammation and proliferation of human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast‑like synoviocytes through the NF‑êB pathway.
|
Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) lead to cartilage destruction, and the activation of NF‑êB is important in the proliferation of FLSs. Heparin is a glycosaminoglycan, which is widely used as an anticoagulant. In the present study, the effect of heparin on the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑á induced proliferation of FLSs was investigated. Western blot and polymerase chain reaction analyses were used to assess the expression levels of cytokines. The results revealed that TNF‑á induced the expression of interleukin (IL)‑6, IL‑8, TNF‑á and cyclin D1. Heparin inhibited the growth rate of the FLSs induced by TNF‑á. Heparin also decreased the TNF‑á‑induced mRNA and protein expression levels of IL‑6, IL‑8, TNF‑á and cyclin D1 in a dose‑dependent manner. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that the expression of cytoplasmic TNF‑á was significantly reduced by heparin treatment. Furthermore, the levels of p65 and inhibitor of nuclear factor (NF)‑êB phosphorylation were inhibited by heparin treatment, suggesting that heparin induced the inhibition of NF‑êB. In conclusion, the results of the present study revealed that heparin inhibited the TNF‑á‑induced proliferation, cytokine production, expression of cyclin D1 and activation of NF‑êB signaling in FLSs, indicating the therapeutic potential of heparin in the treatment of RA.
|
['Anti-Inflammatory Agents', 'Anticoagulants', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Fibroblasts', 'Heparin', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-6', 'Interleukin-8', 'NF-kappa B', 'Synoviocytes', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 27,599,556
|
[['D27.505.954.158'], ['D27.505.954.502.119'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.329.228'], ['D09.698.373.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.120.800', 'D12.644.276.374.465.312', 'D12.776.467.374.200.120.800', 'D12.776.467.374.465.246', 'D23.125.300.120.800', 'D23.469.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.465.312'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['A11.329.835'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Firing rates of motor units in human vastus lateralis muscle during fatiguing isometric contractions.
|
We investigated the firing rate of motor units in the vastus lateralis muscle in five healthy young men (mean = 21.4 yr, SD = 0.9) during a sequence of isometric constant-torque contractions repeated to exhaustion. The contractions were sustained at 20% of the maximal voluntary level, measured at the beginning of the test sequence. Electromyographic (EMG) signals were recorded via quadrifilar fine-wire electrodes and subsequently decomposed into their constituent motor unit action potentials to obtain the motor unit firing times. In addition, we measured the whole muscle mechanical properties during the fatigue task using electrical stimulation. The firing rate of motor units first decreased within the first 10-20% of the endurance time of the contractions and then increased. The firing rate increase was accompanied by recruitment of additional motor units as the force output remained constant. The elicited twitch and tetanic torque responses first increased and then decreased. The two processes modulated in a complementary fashion at the same time. Our data suggest that, when the vastus lateralis muscle is activated to maintain a constant torque output, its motoneuron pool receives a net excitatory drive that first decreases to compensate for the short-lived potentiation of the muscle force twitch and then increases to compensate for the diminution of the force twitch. The underlying inverse relationship between the firing rate and the recruitment threshold that has been reported for nonfatigued contractions is maintained. We, therefore, conclude that the central nervous system control of vastus lateralis motor units remains invariant during fatigue in submaximal isometric isotonic contractions.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Adult', 'Electromyography', 'Humans', 'Isometric Contraction', 'Knee Joint', 'Male', 'Motor Neurons', 'Muscle Fatigue', 'Muscle Fibers, Skeletal', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Physical Endurance', 'Physical Exertion', 'Stress, Mechanical']
| 16,036,904
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G11.427.494.472'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['A08.675.655.500', 'A11.671.655.500'], ['G11.427.550'], ['A10.690.552.500.500', 'A11.620.249'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['G11.427.680', 'I03.450.642.845.054.600'], ['G11.427.683'], ['G01.374.835']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Top-down, Bottom-up and Sideways: The Multilayered Complexities of Multi-level Actors Shaping Forest Governance and REDD+ Arrangements in Madre de Dios, Peru.
|
This study examines the role multilevel governance plays in the adoption of sustainable landscape management initiatives in emerging arrangements aimed at reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+). It sheds light on the challenges these multiple layers of actors and interests encounter around such alternatives in a subnational jurisdiction. Through transcript analysis of 93 interviews with institutional actors in the region of Madre de Dios, Peru, particularly with regard to five sites of land-use change, we identified the multiple actors who are included and excluded in the decision-making process and uncovered their complex interactions in forest and landscape governance and REDD+ arrangements. Madre de Dios is a useful case for studying complex land-use dynamics, as it is home to multiple natural resources, a large mix of actors and interests, and a regional government that has recently experienced the reverberations of decentralization. Findings indicate that multiple actors shaped REDD+ to some extent, but REDD+ and its advocates were unable to shape land-use dynamics or landscape governance, at least in the short term. In the absence of strong and effective regional regulation for sustainable land use alternatives and the high value of gold on the international market, illegal gold mining proved to be a more profitable land-use choice. Although REDD+ created a new space for multilevel actor interaction and communication and new alliances to emerge, the study questions the prevailing REDD+ discourse suggesting that better coordination and cooperation will lead to integrated landscape solutions. For REDD+ to be able to play a role in integrated landscape governance, greater attention needs to be paid to grassroots actors, power and authority over territory and underlying interests and incentives for land-use change.
|
['Conservation of Natural Resources', 'Forests', 'Government Regulation', 'Humans', 'Mining', 'Peru', 'Politics']
| 29,299,626
|
[['J01.256', 'N06.230.080'], ['G16.500.275.157.437', 'N06.230.124.343'], ['I01.880.604.394', 'N03.706.358'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J01.576.655.875.500'], ['Z01.107.757.702'], ['I01.738']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[Characteristics and sources of elements of atmospheric particles before and in heating period in Beijing].
|
In order to study the characteristics and sources of atmospheric particles before and in heating period, samples of atmospheric particles were collected in November of 2006. Concentrations of elements in particles were determined with ICP-MS. The results shows that concentrations of As, Se, Mo, Cd in heating period are more than twice of those before heating period, and there is sharp increasing of concentrations of Zn, Pb, Tl, K, Se, As, Cu, Cd, Ag in fine particles in heating period. Furthermore, Zn, Na are associated with finer particles in heating period than those before heating period. Factor analysis on the chemical composition of particles shows that contribution of combustion and biomass burning goes up and contribution of crust goes down in heating period.
|
['Aerosols', 'Air Pollutants', 'Atmosphere', 'China', 'Coal', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Factor Analysis, Statistical', 'Humans', 'Metals', 'Particle Size']
| 19,186,840
|
[['D20.280.055', 'D26.255.165.055'], ['D27.888.284.101'], ['G16.500.275.063', 'N06.230.300.100'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['D20.345.108', 'N06.230.132.258.108'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['E05.318.740.400', 'N05.715.360.750.350', 'N06.850.520.830.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.552'], ['G02.712']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Inconsistent journalism: the coverage of chronic diseases in the Mexican press.
|
The mass media are recognized by many social scientists as important sources of medical information for lay people and as a positive influence on those working in the health care professions. However, there is a lack of study about print and mass media reporting on major health problems in developing countries such as Mexico. This article presents the findings of a study conducted to identify specific messages that the Mexican print media convey to the general reader about chronic diseases, especially one of the most important and pervasive, diabetes. We undertook a comprehensive review and content analysis of secondary source media reporting in the Boletin (Bulletin)--published by the Department of Education and Health, Universidad Aut?noma Metropolitana, Xochimilco. The Boletin summarizes all articles related to health matters published in 12 national daily newspapers and 3 magazines. Our study covered all issues of the Boletin from 1992 through 1996. Our findings indicate that at times the press and popular print media disseminate an incomplete and often biased picture of chronic diseases prevalent in Mexico. Specifically, the press gives equal or more important coverage of acute diseases, or to AIDS, than to other major chronic conditions. The press also reproduces the biomedical model of disease and does not address topics important to certain segments of the population, including the patient. Moreover, the media may present an overly idealized impression of the capability of health services. Consequently, this failure to address the issues of certain widespread, chronic illnesses is severe enough to ask about the role of the press in medical health care reform. We conclude by suggesting areas for further research.
|
['Bibliometrics', 'Chronic Disease', 'Humans', 'Information Services', 'Journalism, Medical', 'Mass Media', 'Mexico', 'Quality Control', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 11,550,591
|
[['L01.178.682.099.325', 'L01.453.183.291'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453'], ['L01.737.498.550'], ['L01.178.590'], ['Z01.107.567.589'], ['J01.897.608'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Mutations in the perforin gene in children with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.
|
BACKGROUND: Recent studies have reported germline mutations in the perforin gene (PRF1) in some types of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). However, the prevalence of PRF1 mutations in HLH in Chinese pediatric patients has not been extensively studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of mutations and sequence variations in the PRF1 gene in Chinese pediatric patients with HLH.METHODS: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed with five pairs of primers for the coding exons and the flanking intron sequences of PRF1. Sequencing of PCR products was subsequently applied in 30 pediatric patients with HLH and in 50 controls.RESULTS: Three heterozygous mutations in a coding region were found, which resulted in amino acid changes (C102F, S108N and T450M) in three patients. These mutations were not detected in control subjects. One patient had compound heterozygous mutations (S108N and T450M) in PRF1 as the background defect, and documented familial HLH type 2 (FHL2). One synonymous sequence variant (Q540Q) was observed in one patient but not in the controls. Two SNPs (A274A, H300H) in the coding region were detected in HLH patients and controls, but without differences in the heterozygosity rate between the two groups (P > 0.05 for all comparisons).CONCLUSIONS: We have identified three patients with three heterozygous missense mutations in PRF1; two of those three mutations (C102F and S108N) have so far been found only from Chinese patients. These findings are useful in evaluating the prevalence of PRF1 mutations in Chinese pediatric patients with HLH, and to correlate their genotype with phenotype. Some patients without familial history probably have primary HLH, which should be suspected even beyond the usual age range.
|
['Adolescent', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Epstein-Barr Virus Infections', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic', 'Male', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'Perforin', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins']
| 20,092,789
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C01.925.256.466.313', 'C01.925.928.313'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C15.604.250.410.575'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D12.776.543.695.875'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['D12.776.543.695']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Identifies Candidate Renal Resident Macrophage Gene Expression Signatures across Species.
|
BACKGROUND: Resident macrophages regulate homeostatic and disease processes in multiple tissues, including the kidney. Despite having well defined markers to identify these cells in mice, technical limitations have prevented identification of a similar cell type across species. The inability to identify resident macrophage populations across species hinders the translation of data obtained from animal model to human patients.METHODS: As an entry point to determine novel markers that could identify resident macrophages across species, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) analysis of all T and B cell-negative CD45+ innate immune cells in mouse, rat, pig, and human kidney tissue.RESULTS: We identified genes with enriched expression in mouse renal resident macrophages that were also present in candidate resident macrophage populations across species. Using the scRNAseq data, we defined a novel set of possible cell surface markers (Cd74 and Cd81) for these candidate kidney resident macrophages. We confirmed, using parabiosis and flow cytometry, that these proteins are indeed enriched in mouse resident macrophages. Flow cytometry data also indicated the existence of a defined population of innate immune cells in rat and human kidney tissue that coexpress CD74 and CD81, suggesting the presence of renal resident macrophages in multiple species.CONCLUSIONS: Based on transcriptional signatures, our data indicate that there is a conserved population of innate immune cells across multiple species that have been defined as resident macrophages in the mouse. Further, we identified potential cell surface markers to allow for future identification and characterization of this candidate resident macrophage population in mouse, rat, and pig translational studies.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte', 'Biomarkers', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Histocompatibility Antigens Class II', 'Humans', 'Immunity, Innate', 'Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1', 'Macrophages', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Models, Animal', 'Parabiosis', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Sequence Analysis, RNA', 'Species Specificity']
| 30,948,627
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.050.301.264.051', 'D23.101.100.150'], ['D23.101'], ['A11.251'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['G05.308'], ['D12.776.395.550.509', 'D12.776.543.550.440', 'D23.050.301.500.400', 'D23.050.705.552.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.450.564'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.450', 'D12.776.543.550.200.450', 'D23.050.301.350.450'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['E05.598'], ['E05.660'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['E05.393.760.710'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Bilateral ureteropelvic junction stenosis causing hydronephrosis and renal failure in an adult cat.
|
A 3.5-year-old male neutered cat was presented for investigation of renomegaly appreciated during a routine physical examination. Marked renomegaly due to bilateral hydronephrosis was detected and further testing identified International Renal Interest Society stage 2, non-hypertensive, non-proteinuric chronic kidney disease. Ten months later the cat was evaluated for acute lethargy; severe azotemia with oliguria was documented. Medical therapy failed to result in clinical improvement and the cat was euthanased. Necropsy revealed bilateral marked hydronephrosis secondary to a tortuous proximal ureter consistent with proximal ureteropelvic junction stenosis. This is the first report of this disorder leading to progressive renal failure in a cat.
|
['Animals', 'Cat Diseases', 'Cats', 'Fatal Outcome', 'Hydronephrosis', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Kidney Pelvis', 'Male', 'Ureteral Diseases']
| 22,914,571
|
[['B01.050'], ['C22.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.325', 'N01.224.935.698.201', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.325', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.325'], ['C12.777.419.307', 'C13.351.968.419.307'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['A05.810.453.537'], ['C12.777.725', 'C13.351.968.725']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha and oxytocin on bovine myometrium in vitro.
|
Uterine strips were collected from cows during the follicular and the luteal phases as well as from cows with ovarian cysts. The strips were mounted in organ baths and the motility was recorded by a polygraph. After the spontaneous motility of the strips had reached a steady state the test substances PGF2 alpha and oxytocin were added to the bath at three different concentrations. Frequency, amplitude and duration of the spontaneous uterine concentrations were irregular in all strips recorded independent of reproductive stage. The spontaneous activity was most pronounced during the follicular phase. The variation between animals was greatest for cystic cows. PGF2 alpha always increased the activity of the uterus but the response was not dose related above a certain level (50 ng per ml bath fluid). Oxytocin on the other hand had a linear stimulatory effect for increasing doses (0.25, 2.5 and 25 mIU per ml bath fluid).
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Cattle Diseases', 'Estrus', 'Female', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Ovarian Cysts', 'Oxytocin', 'Pregnancy', 'Prostaglandins F', 'Uterine Contraction']
| 7,195,017
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['C22.196'], ['G08.686.195.500'], ['E05.481'], ['C04.182.612', 'C13.351.500.056.630.580', 'C19.391.630.580'], ['D06.472.699.631.692.433', 'D12.644.548.691.692.433'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.400', 'D23.469.050.175.725.400'], ['G08.686.784.769.326.700', 'G11.427.494.890']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A new method of magnifying photographic images using the scanning electron microscope in the backscattered electron detection mode.
|
This paper describes a new method of magnifying small images in photographic film by means of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) operated in the backscattered electron detection mode. The study included tests of several types of radiographic film, transmission electron microscopy film, and black and white 35 mm film. The electron optical enlargement method is particularly useful in situations where the film sample is opaque to light and for generating enlarged images at magnifications beyond the reach of light optical enlargement methods, i.e. up to approximately 2000X with ease and rapidity in a single step. The electron optical enlargements compare favorably in contrast and detail with the enlargements made with a light microscope and with a darkroom enlarger.
|
['Breast Diseases', 'Calcinosis', 'Electrons', 'Humans', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Scattering, Radiation', 'X-Ray Film']
| 7,170,609
|
[['C17.800.090'], ['C18.452.174.130'], ['G01.249.335', 'G01.358.500.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['E05.196.822', 'G01.867'], ['E07.960']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Identification of three patients with a very mild form of Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome.
|
Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) is an autosomal recessive malformation syndrome characterized by mental retardation, congenital anomalies, and growth deficiency. The syndrome is caused by a block in cholesterol biosynthesis at the level of 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (7-DHCR), which results in elevated levels of the cholesterol precursor 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) and its isomer 8-dehydrocholesterol (8-DHC). We report on three patients from two families with a very mild clinical presentation of SLOS. Their plasma cholesterol values were normal and their plasma levels of 7- and 8- DHC were only slightly elevated. In cultured skin fibroblasts, a significant residual 7-DHCR activity was found. All three patients were compound heterozygotes for a novel mutation affecting translation initiation (M1L). Two of them had the common IVS8-1G>C null mutation and the third patient an E448K mutation in the 7-DHCR gene. Our findings emphasize the importance of using a sensitive method for measuring precursors of cholesterol in combination with mutation analysis to analyze patients with only minimal clinical SLOS-like signs.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Cholestadienols', 'Cholesterol', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Dehydrocholesterols', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors', 'Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome']
| 12,949,967
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.222.347'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.222.347.200', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197.250', 'D10.570.938.208.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['D08.811.682.660'], ['C16.131.077.860', 'C16.320.565.398.850', 'C16.320.565.925.875', 'C18.452.584.500.937', 'C18.452.648.398.850', 'C18.452.648.925.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A direct brainstem-amygdala-cortical 'alarm' system for subliminal signals of fear.
|
We examined whether consciously undetected fear signals engage a collateral brainstem pathway to the amygdala and prefrontal cortex in the intact human brain, using functional neuroimaging. 'Blindsight' lesion patients can respond to visual fear signals independently from conscious experience, suggesting that these signals reach the amygdala via a direct pathway that bypasses the primary visual cortex. Electrophysiological evidence points to concomitant involvement of prefrontal regions in automatic orienting to subliminal signals of fear, which may reflect innervation arising from brainstem arousal systems. To approximate blindsight in 22 healthy subjects, facial signals of fear were presented briefly (16.7 ms) and masked such that conscious detection was prevented. Results revealed that subliminal fear signals elicited activity in the brainstem region encompassing the superior colliculus and locus coeruleus, pulvinar and amygdala, and in fronto-temporal regions associated with orienting. These findings suggest that crude sensory input from the superior colliculo-pulvinar visual pathway to the amygdala may allow for sufficient appraisal of fear signals to innervate the locus coeruleus. The engagement of the locus coeruleus could explain the observation of diffuse fronto-temporal cortical activity, given its role in evoking collateral ascending noradrenergic efferents to the subcortical amygdala and prefrontal cortex. This network may represent an evolutionary adaptive neural 'alarm' system for rapid alerting to sources of threat, without the need for conscious appraisal.
|
['Adult', 'Amygdala', 'Arousal', 'Attention', 'Awareness', 'Brain Mapping', 'Brain Stem', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Discrimination Learning', 'Dominance, Cerebral', 'Echo-Planar Imaging', 'Fear', 'Female', 'Frontal Lobe', 'Gyrus Cinguli', 'Humans', 'Image Enhancement', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Locus Coeruleus', 'Male', 'Neural Pathways', 'Oxygen', 'Perceptual Masking', 'Prefrontal Cortex', 'Pulvinar', 'Sensory Thresholds', 'Signal Detection, Psychological', 'Subliminal Stimulation', 'Temporal Lobe']
| 15,588,615
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211.180.090', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.152'], ['F02.830.104', 'G11.561.035'], ['F02.830.104.214'], ['F02.463.188.150'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['A08.186.211.132'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['F02.463.425.280'], ['F02.830.297', 'G11.561.225'], ['E01.370.350.825.500.200'], ['F01.470.361'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270'], ['A08.186.211.180.590.500', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.382.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['A08.186.211.132.659.473', 'A08.186.211.132.810.428.600.650.437'], ['A08.612'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['F02.463.593.071.594', 'F02.463.593.932.733', 'G07.888.125.594'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270.700'], ['A08.186.211.200.317.826.701.485.600'], ['F02.463.593.710'], ['E01.370.685.814', 'E05.796.908', 'F02.463.593.257.800', 'F02.463.593.710.725', 'F04.096.753.814', 'F04.669.908'], ['F02.463.593.710.750'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.863']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
CONSTANS Controls Floral Repression by Up-Regulating VERNALIZATION2 (VRN-H2) in Barley.
|
In barley (Hordeum vulgare), PHOTOPERIOD1 (Ppd-H1) acts as a major positive regulator of flowering under long-day conditions, while VERNALIZATION2 (VRN-H2) is a strong repressor of flowering under long days before vernalization. By contrast, CONSTANS (CO) plays a key role in the photoperiodic regulation of flowering in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Here, we study the role of the closest barley CO homologs, HvCO1 and HvCO2, in the long day-dependent control of flowering and their interactions with Ppd-H1 and VRN-H2. HvCO2 overexpression in spring barley, with a natural deletion of the VRN-H2 locus, caused a Ppd-H1-dependent induction of flowering and FLOWERING LOCUS T1 (HvFT1) expression. In winter barley, which carries the VRN-H2 locus, overexpression of HvCO1/CO2 caused an up-regulation of VRN-H2, resulting in a reduced expression of HvFT1 and delayed flowering under long- and short-day conditions. In addition, natural variation at Ppd-H1 altered the expression of VRN-H2 in wild-type plants under long days. VRN-H2, in turn, was involved in the down-regulation of Ppd-H1 and HvCO2, demonstrating strong reciprocal interactions between HvCO2, Ppd-H1, and VRN-H2. Consequently, this study showed that the induction of the floral repressor VRN-H2 and the floral activator HvFT1 was regulated by the same genes, Ppd-H1 and HvCO1/CO2. Our findings provide a novel insight into the photoperiodic regulation of the vernalization pathway in barley.
|
['Arabidopsis Proteins', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Flowers', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Hordeum', 'Photoperiod', 'Plant Proteins', 'Plants, Genetically Modified', 'Transcription Factors', 'Up-Regulation']
| 26,556,793
|
[['D12.776.765.149'], ['D12.776.260'], ['A18.024.249.500'], ['G05.308.375'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.481'], ['G01.910.675'], ['D12.776.765'], ['B01.650.520', 'B05.620.600'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Rif1 controls DNA replication by directing Protein Phosphatase 1 to reverse Cdc7-mediated phosphorylation of the MCM complex.
|
Initiation of eukaryotic DNA replication requires phosphorylation of the MCM complex by Dbf4-dependent kinase (DDK), composed of Cdc7 kinase and its activator, Dbf4. We report here that budding yeast Rif1 (Rap1-interacting factor 1) controls DNA replication genome-wide and describe how Rif1 opposes DDK function by directing Protein Phosphatase 1 (PP1)-mediated dephosphorylation of the MCM complex. Deleting RIF1 partially compensates for the limited DDK activity in a cdc7-1 mutant strain by allowing increased, premature phosphorylation of Mcm4. PP1 interaction motifs within the Rif1 N-terminal domain are critical for its repressive effect on replication. We confirm that Rif1 interacts with PP1 and that PP1 prevents premature Mcm4 phosphorylation. Remarkably, our results suggest that replication repression by Rif1 is itself also DDK-regulated through phosphorylation near the PP1-interacting motifs. Based on our findings, we propose that Rif1 is a novel PP1 substrate targeting subunit that counteracts DDK-mediated phosphorylation during replication. Fission yeast and mammalian Rif1 proteins have also been implicated in regulating DNA replication. Since PP1 interaction sites are evolutionarily conserved within the Rif1 sequence, it is likely that replication control by Rif1 through PP1 is a conserved mechanism.
|
['Cell Cycle Proteins', 'DNA Replication', 'Minichromosome Maintenance Proteins', 'Mutation', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Phosphatase 1', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Telomere-Binding Proteins', 'Temperature']
| 24,532,715
|
[['D12.776.167'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.159.186', 'D08.811.399.340.186', 'D12.776.167.409', 'D12.776.660.235.500', 'D12.776.664.235.750'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.625.687'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['D12.776.260.735', 'D12.776.660.235.700'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Monkey saccadic latency and pursuit velocity show a preference for upward directions of target motion.
|
Saccadic latency was studied as a function of the direction of sudden target displacements (steps) and of subsequent smooth target motion (ramps) in Macaca fascicularis. The monkey fixated a central spot that suddenly changed its position and then moved constantly at 10 deg s-1, thus eliciting initial saccades and subsequent pursuit eye movements (recorded by a magnetic search-coil technique). Latencies for initial saccades differed markedly in the vertical axis, being shorter in upward than downward directions for both step and ramp components of target motion. Saccadic latency was also related to the mean pursuit velocity, indicating that the oculomotor system accounts for the direction of step and ramp components of target motion in an integrative way.
|
['Animals', 'Fixation, Ocular', 'Macaca fascicularis', 'Motion Perception', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Saccades']
| 8,730,793
|
[['B01.050'], ['G14.350.253'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510.520'], ['F02.463.593.932.567'], ['E05.723.729'], ['G14.350.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Overlap syndromes with sarcoidosis.
|
It is hoped that readers of this article will make a note of any other disorders which occur in their patients with sarcoidosis. We shall welcome this list and the frequency with which other disorders coincide with sarcoidosis.
|
['Amyloidosis', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Autoimmune Diseases', 'Celiac Disease', 'Crohn Disease', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary', 'Male', 'Sarcoidosis', "Sjogren's Syndrome", 'Thyroid Diseases']
| 3,843,140
|
[['C18.452.845.500'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['C20.111'], ['C06.405.469.637.250', 'C18.452.603.250'], ['C06.405.205.731.500', 'C06.405.469.432.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.130.120.135.250.250', 'C06.552.150.250', 'C06.552.630.400', 'C23.550.355.412.400'], ['C15.604.515.827'], ['C05.550.114.154.774', 'C05.799.114.774', 'C07.465.815.929.669', 'C11.496.260.719', 'C17.300.775.099.774', 'C20.111.199.774'], ['C19.874']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Postweaning age effects on rumen fermentation end-products and digesta kinetics in calves weaned at 5 weeks of age.
|
Four rumen-cannulated calves were used in a block design to study changes in rumen fermentation end-products and rumen digesta kinetics after weaning. Calves were weaned at 5 wk of age and had access to dry feed from d 3 of age. Dietary DM consisted of 85% concentrate and 15% forage. The experiment was divided into three periods: 2, 4, and 8 wk after weaning. Rumen fluid samples collected each period were analyzed for pH, VFA, NH3 N, bacterial DM concentrations, and protozoa numbers. Calves were dosed ruminally with Co-EDTA and Yb-mordanted grain and then sampled for estimation of rumen fluid and particle turnover rates during each period. Average daily gain, DMI, and BW gain increased over the three periods by 106, 81, and 42%, respectively. Rumen pH increased .32 units, and rumen volume increased twofold, during the three periods. Rumen NH3 N concentration and diurnal NH3 N variation changed significantly with age. Bacterial DM concentrations, VFA, and digesta kinetics in the rumen did not change with age. We conclude that the metabolic and physical changes that take place in the rumen of young calves after weaning are evidence of gradual development and yield important information for further study on degradation and metabolism of dietary components in the rumen.
|
['Aging', 'Ammonia', 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Diet', 'Digestion', 'Fatty Acids, Volatile', 'Fermentation', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Nitrogen', 'Rumen', 'Weaning', 'Weight Gain']
| 8,227,677
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['D01.362.075', 'D01.625.050'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['G07.203.650.250', 'G10.261.190'], ['D10.251.400'], ['G02.111.158.249', 'G03.191.249'], ['G02.300'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['A13.869.804'], ['G07.203.650.220.500.750', 'G07.203.650.915'], ['C23.888.144.243.926', 'G07.345.249.314.120.200.926']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Weep for Adonais.
|
A 1995 motor-vehicle crash brought a tragic end to the promising medical career of Michael Agapitos, a specialist in physical medicine and rehabilitation who graduated from the University of Ottawa in 1982. The death of the popular young Ottawa physician and the subsequent court case involving the driver of the other vehicle have had a major impact on the victim's family and patients, Nicole Baer reports.
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['Accidents, Traffic', 'History, 20th Century', 'Ontario', 'Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine']
| 9,084,401
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[['N06.850.135.392'], ['K01.400.504.968'], ['Z01.107.567.176.639'], ['H02.403.680']]
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['Health Care [N]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Effects of nicorandil on the conductive coronary artery of the dog.
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The effects of nicorandil (2-nicotinamidoethyl nitrate, SG-75) on the conductive coronary artery were studied and compared with the effects of nitroglycerin and nifedipine. In isolated perfused canine heart preparations with a support dog, nicorandil produced a decrease in the resistance of the conductive coronary artery at reduced perfusion pressures, whereas nitroglycerin had similar effects even at normal perfusion pressures. In anesthetized closed-chest dogs, nicorandil and nitroglycerin produced an increase in the diameter of the conductive coronary artery (nicorandil less than nitroglycerin). Nifedipine failed to produce dilatation of the conductive coronary artery in both preparations. In isolated ring preparations of conductive coronary artery, all three compounds produced relaxation of the potassium-induced contracture, but only nicorandil and nitroglycerin reversed the lanthanum-induced contracture.
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['Animals', 'Coronary Vessels', 'Dogs', 'Female', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Lanthanum', 'Male', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular', 'Niacinamide', 'Nicorandil', 'Nifedipine', 'Nitroglycerin', 'Perfusion', 'Potassium', 'Vasoconstriction', 'Vasodilator Agents']
| 2,447,415
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.269', 'A07.015.908.194'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['E05.481'], ['D01.268.558.362.500', 'D01.552.550.399.500'], ['A02.633.570.491', 'A07.015.733.500', 'A10.690.467.491'], ['D03.066.515.530', 'D03.383.725.547.530'], ['D02.583.575', 'D03.066.515.530.498', 'D03.383.725.547.530.498'], ['D03.383.725.203.540'], ['D02.640.636'], ['E05.680'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['G09.330.380.925'], ['D27.505.954.411.918']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Possible function of matrix proteins in fluoride incorporation into enamel mineral during porcine amelogenesis.
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The present study was undertaken to elucidate the mechanism of fluoride incorporation into secretory enamel mineral, with porcine enamel used as a model. Although the fluoride content in the enamel varied greatly among the animals, we observed that the fluoride-to-calcium ratio in the enamel tissue was maximal at the beginning of the secretory stage; the F/Ca ratio decreased (and leveled off) with the advancement of mineralization. In vitro work showed that some of the fluoride in the secretory enamel tissue was removed with the extraction of organic matter, mostly amelogenins. Furthermore, coating hydroxyapatite crystals with enamel matrix proteins resulted in a retardation of fluoride incorporation into the crystals when exposed to fluoride solutions, as a result of an inhibition of apatite reprecipitation. We also confirmed that the growth kinetics of fluoridated apatite onto HA seeds decreased with increasing coverage of the seed surface with the enamel proteins. All the results of the present study strongly suggest that the fluoride incorporation into enamel mineral during the secretory stage may be regulated by the kinetics of mineralization, which is highly dependent on the driving force for precipitation and the presence of proteinaceous inhibitors, mainly amelogenins.
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['Amelogenesis', 'Amelogenin', 'Animals', 'Calcium', 'Dental Enamel', 'Dental Enamel Proteins', 'Durapatite', 'Fluorides', 'Hydroxyapatites', 'Swine']
| 2,561,129
|
[['G07.345.500.325.377.750.190'], ['D12.776.231.500'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['A14.549.167.900.255'], ['D12.776.231'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374.075.025.300.150', 'D01.146.360.050.300.200', 'D01.578.122.477.300', 'D01.695.625.675.650.075.025.300.150'], ['D01.248.497.158.380', 'D01.303.350.300'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374.075.025.300', 'D01.146.360.050.300', 'D01.578.122.477', 'D01.695.625.675.650.075.025.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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| 1
| 0
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| 0
| 0
| 0
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Pre-diagnostic smoking behaviour and poorer prognosis in a German breast cancer patient cohort - Differential effects by tumour subtype, NAT2 status, BMI and alcohol intake.
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BACKGROUND: Inconsistent associations of smoking and breast cancer-specific mortality might be explained by subgroups of patients with different susceptibility to harmful effects of smoking.METHODS: We used a prospective cohort of 3340 postmenopausal breast cancer patients aged 50-74 and diagnosed with invasive tumours 2001-2005 in Germany, with a median follow-up time of 6 years. The effect of pre-diagnostic smoking behaviour on mortality outcomes and risk of recurrence was investigated using delayed entry Cox regression analysis. Differential effects according to N-acetyltransferase (NAT2) status, BMI, alcohol consumption, and tumour subtypes were assessed.RESULTS: Overall, smoking at time of breast cancer diagnosis versus never/former smoking was non-significantly associated with increased breast cancer-specific mortality and risk of recurrence (HR 1.23, 95% CI 0.93-1.64, and HR 1.29, 95% CI 0.95-1.75, respectively). Associations were consistently stronger in NAT2 slow than in fast acetylators for all mortality outcomes. Breast cancer-specific mortality was significantly increased in smokers with NAT2 slow acetylating status (HR 1.77, 95% CI 1.13-2.79) but not in those with fast acetylating status (HR 1.09, 95% CI 0.60-1.98; Pheterogeneity=0.19). Smoking was associated with significantly poorer outcomes for triple negative and luminal A-like tumours (e.g. all-cause mortality: HR 1.93, 95% CI 1.02-3.65, and HR 2.08, 95% CI 1.40-3.10, respectively). Risk of recurrence was significantly increased for women with HER2 positive tumours (HR 3.64, 95% CI 1.22-10.8). There was significant heterogeneity by BMI for non-breast cancer-specific mortality (<25 kg/m(2): HR 2.52, 95% CI 1.52-4.15 vs. ?25 kg/m(2): HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.38-2.36; Pheterogeneity=0.04).CONCLUSION: The harmful effects of smoking may be particularly relevant for certain subgroups of breast cancer patients. This may include patients with NAT2 slow acetylation status or with tumour subtypes other than luminal B, such as luminal A tumours who usually have a rather good prognosis. Emphasis on smoking cessation programmes for all cancer patients should be strengthened.
|
['Aged', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase', 'Body Mass Index', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Cohort Studies', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Female', 'Genotype', 'Germany', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Prognosis', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Smoking']
| 24,950,597
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['D08.811.913.050.134.138'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['G05.380'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.805']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
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Determination of iron species in wine by ion-exchange chromatography--flame atomic absorption spectrometry.
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The direct coupling of ion-exchange chromatography to flame atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) has been achieved by employing a Babington type nebuliser. The system enables all the processes on the column to be followed directly at flow-rates of between 1 and 5 ml min-1. The potential of the system was investigated for the determination of various iron species in synthetic samples containing iron(II) and iron(III) in ionic or chelated form by employing various ion-exchange (Dowex 50-X8, Dowex 1-X8) and sorptive (Amberlite XAD-2) resins, respectively. In some instances where direct coupling was impossible, owing to the physical properties of the effluent or eluent, conventional analyses of chromatographically separated iron species were performed by flame AAS. The optimum concentration range, limit of detection and reproducibility of measurement were also determined for a particular column capacity. When direct coupling was employed, the detection limit for the separated iron species was 15 micrograms with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of +/- 3% and, using the conventional method of analysis, 2-5 micrograms with an RSD of +/- 1%. On the basis of these results the system was applied to the determination of the ratio of iron(II) to iron(III) in wines.
|
['Chromatography, Ion Exchange', 'Iron', 'Spectrophotometry, Atomic', 'Wine']
| 2,712,313
|
[['E05.196.181.400.383'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['E05.196.712.726.551', 'E05.196.867.826.551'], ['G07.203.100.100.900', 'G07.203.200.887', 'J02.200.100.900', 'J02.350.887']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Killing times of minke whales in the Norwegian coastal whaling in the 1981 and 1982 seasons.
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During the whaling seasons of 1981 and 1982 16 inspectors were on the whaling grounds to collect data about weapons and equipment, shooting facilities, hitting areas, reaction to hits, tissue and organ damage and killing times. The inspectors were instructed to confirm the criteria of death by personal observation before reading the time. Consequently the recorded times are appreciably longer than real killing time for a number of whales. The average killing time according to this method was 11 min 50 sec in the 1981 season and 12 min 40 sec in the 1982 season (Table I). 22.4% and 21.8% died instantaneously in the two seasons. Hitting the CNS or the heart was most effective. Hits in the abdominal cavity or the musculature prolonged the killing times considerably.
|
['Animals', 'Cetacea', 'Death', 'Equipment and Supplies', 'Ethics', 'Fisheries', 'Norway', 'Seasons', 'Time Factors', 'Whales']
| 6,647,025
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.875'], ['C23.550.260'], ['E07'], ['K01.752.566.479', 'N05.350'], ['J01.040.168.300', 'J03.540.280'], ['Z01.542.816.374'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['G01.910.857'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.875.865']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
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| 0
| 0
| 1
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| 0
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Factors in Patient Empowerment: A Survey of an Online Patient Research Network.
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BACKGROUND: Providers and healthcare organizations have begun recognizing the importance of patient empowerment as a driver of patient-centered care. Unfortunately, most studies have investigated empowerment with single diseases. Identifying factors of empowerment across conditions and populations would enable a greater understanding of this construct.OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to understand empowerment in relation to health information-seeking, interactions with providers and peers, and healthcare access in chronic disease patients. This study also sought to identify key empowerment factors and their association with patient characteristics.METHODS: Participants were recruited through PatientsLikeMe, an online research platform where patients share their personal and medical history data. Patients completed an online survey that assessed self-reported health behavior (e.g. knowledge-seeking, experiences with healthcare providers, and peer interactions) and healthcare access. An exploratory factor analysis identified key empowerment domains. Domain level sum scores and sum of all domains (total score) were compared across patient characteristics and diseases.RESULTS: Overall, 3988 participants were included in the study, with the majority actively involved in their healthcare, but many cited difficulties with matching their treatment goals with those of their physician (34 %) and spending sufficient time with the physician (36 %). Factor analysis identified two domains-Positive Patient-Provider Interaction, and Knowledge and Personal Control-that explained >60 % of the overall variance in the observed variables. Mean total empowerment scores for patients with a primary complaint of Parkinson's disease (61.8) and multiple sclerosis (60.3) were significantly greater than fibromyalgia (55.3) and chronic fatigue syndrome (54.8). Patients who were older, male, more educated, and insured also reported significantly greater levels of empowerment.CONCLUSIONS: The two domains of empowerment identified in this study are consistent with previous studies, but the differences in empowerment levels across diseases suggest a need for further studies on disease-related attributes of empowerment. Future research should examine the pathways for empowerment, as well as the relationship between empowerment domains and clinical outcomes.
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['Chronic Disease', 'Humans', 'Internet', 'Male', 'Patient Participation', 'Patient-Centered Care', 'Power, Psychological']
| 27,155,887
|
[['C23.550.291.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.620', 'F01.145.488.887.500.620', 'N02.421.143.212.300', 'N03.540.245.360.300', 'N05.300.150.800.500.620'], ['N04.590.233.727.407'], ['F01.658.780']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
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Vascular endothelial growth factor, its soluble receptor, and hepatocyte growth factor: clinical and genetic correlates and association with vascular function.
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AIMS: Growth factors play an important role in regulating vascular function. Data are limited regarding clinical and genetic correlates of endothelial growth factors and their associations with vascular function.METHODS AND RESULTS: We evaluated clinical and genetic correlates of circulating vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF), its soluble receptor sFlt-1, and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in 3754 Framingham Study participants. We also related the growth factors to measures of brachial artery function. Serum VEGF and HGF were higher and sFLt-1 was lower in women and smokers. VEGF and HGF were associated positively with body mass index; both displayed strong positive associations with the metabolic syndrome (P < 0.001) and its components. The heritabilities of VEGF, sFlt-1, and HGF were 78, 13, and 38%, respectively. VEGF and HGF were related positively to baseline brachial diameter (P < 0.01) and to baseline mean flow velocity (P < 0.001) in age- and sex-adjusted models, but the multivariable models failed to reach significance. None of the growth factors were related to flow-mediated dilation.CONCLUSION: In our community-based sample, circulating VEGF and HGF demonstrated high heritabilities and a sexual dimorphism. Increased angiogenesis and greater endothelial cell turnover may underlie associations of these growth factors with risk factors including smoking.
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['Adult', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Hepatocyte Growth Factor', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Parents', 'Pedigree', 'Quantitative Trait, Heritable', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1']
| 19,223,316
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C14'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['D12.644.276.374.420', 'D12.776.467.374.420', 'D23.529.374.420'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['E05.393.673'], ['G05.420.720'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.950.100', 'D12.776.543.750.630.750.100', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.910.100']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Pericranium graft in reconstructive surgery of atrophied maxillary bones.
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In preprosthetic surgery the autologous bone is universally considered the gold standard. Calvaria is, among many options, one of the preferred for its unique characteristics of hardness, easy of harvest and very low morbidity at donor site. Moreover, it gives the possibility of harvesting the pericranium. This technique, recently introduced in common practice in Milan, allows to harvest a large quantity of periosteum to cover bone grafts perioperativly. Periosteal tissue is used to cover bone grafts for two reasons. First, it would provide a layer of tissue that, thanks to its osteogenic potential, would prevent bone resorption. Second, this would interpose a layer of soft tissue to act as a cushion between the bone and mucosal flap to minimize the risk of wound dehiscence, that would bring to bone exposure and consequent failure of reconstruction. Five jaw reconstructions were performed with autologous bone and pericranium. In all cases the outcome was good, the grafts took with correct bone volume preservation. Implants were positioned according to prosthetic needs. In one case a vascular necrosis of a mucosal flap occurred. Bone exposure was prevented by the periosteum, which was revascularized after few days, allowing bone integration. Considering its potential protective capability towards bone grafts and the lack of donor site morbidity, this technique should be considered as a standard procedure in preprosthetic reconstructive surgery.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Alveolar Bone Loss', 'Alveolar Ridge Augmentation', 'Atrophy', 'Female', 'Fistula', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mandibular Fractures', 'Mandibular Prosthesis', 'Maxilla', 'Maxillary Fractures', 'Maxillofacial Prosthesis', 'Middle Aged', 'Nose Diseases', 'Odontogenic Cysts', 'Oral Fistula', 'Parietal Bone', 'Periosteum', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Transplantation, Autologous', 'Transplantation, Heterotopic']
| 18,496,488
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C05.116.264.150', 'C07.465.714.354.500'], ['E04.545.550.100', 'E06.645.550.100'], ['C23.300.070'], ['C23.300.575'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.900.300.284.500.400.255', 'C26.404.750.467.441', 'C26.915.300.425.500.400.255'], ['E07.695.510.500'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.645', 'A14.521.645'], ['C10.900.300.284.500.400.510', 'C26.404.750.467.611', 'C26.915.300.425.500.400.510'], ['E07.695.510'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C08.460', 'C09.603'], ['C04.182.089.530.690', 'C05.500.470.690', 'C07.320.450.670'], ['C07.465.614', 'C23.300.575.500'], ['A02.835.232.781.651'], ['A10.165.265.746'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E04.936.664'], ['E04.936.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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Association of the circadian rhythmic expression of GmCRY1a with a latitudinal cline in photoperiodic flowering of soybean.
|
Photoperiodic control of flowering time is believed to affect latitudinal distribution of plants. The blue light receptor CRY2 regulates photoperiodic flowering in the experimental model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. However, it is unclear whether genetic variations affecting cryptochrome activity or expression is broadly associated with latitudinal distribution of plants. We report here an investigation of the function and expression of two cryptochromes in soybean, GmCRY1a and GmCRY2a. Soybean is a short-day (SD) crop commonly cultivated according to the photoperiodic sensitivity of cultivars. Both cultivated soybean (Glycine max) and its wild relative (G. soja) exhibit a strong latitudinal cline in photoperiodic flowering. Similar to their Arabidopsis counterparts, both GmCRY1a and GmCRY2a affected blue light inhibition of cell elongation, but only GmCRY2a underwent blue light- and 26S proteasome-dependent degradation. However, in contrast to Arabidopsis cryptochromes, soybean GmCRY1a, but not GmCRY2a, exhibited a strong activity promoting floral initiation, and the level of protein expression of GmCRY1a, but not GmCRY2a, oscillated with a circadian rhythm that has different phase characteristics in different photoperiods. Consistent with the hypothesis that GmCRY1a is a major regulator of photoperiodic flowering in soybean, the photoperiod-dependent circadian rhythmic expression of the GmCRY1a protein correlates with photoperiodic flowering and latitudinal distribution of soybean cultivars. We propose that genes affecting protein expression of the GmCRY1a protein play an important role in determining latitudinal distribution of soybeans.
|
['Arabidopsis', 'Arabidopsis Proteins', 'Base Sequence', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Cryptochromes', 'Flavoproteins', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Plant Proteins', 'Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex', 'Soybeans']
| 19,106,300
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.100'], ['D12.776.765.149'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['D12.644.360.138.150', 'D12.776.331.180', 'D12.776.476.156.250', 'D12.776.765.593.500'], ['D12.776.331'], ['G05.308.320'], ['G05.308.375'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.765'], ['D05.500.562.500', 'D08.811.277.656.918', 'D08.811.600.730'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Mammosomatotroph adenoma cells secrete both growth hormone and prolactin.
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Pituitary adenoma cells from a mammosomatotroph adenoma obtained from a 21-year-old female presenting with acromegaly and amenorrhea were investigated by sandwich cell immunoblot assay, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. The new, simple technique of sandwich cell immunoblot assay could detect two hormones secreted in the same one cell, and found that 89% of mammosomatotrophs secreted both growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL). Immunohistochemistry showed that the tumor cells were positive for both GH and PRL. Electron microscopy showed cells contained granules ranging in size form 150 to 500 nm. This is the first demonstration of both GH and PRL in the same mammosomatotroph cell. Sandwich cell immunoblot assay can measure the amount of secreted hormone, allowing a new approach to the investigation of mammosomatotroph adenomas.
|
['Adenoma', 'Adult', 'Female', 'Growth Hormone', 'Humans', 'Immunoblotting', 'Pituitary Gland', 'Pituitary Neoplasms', 'Prolactin']
| 8,657,329
|
[['C04.557.470.035'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.425', 'D12.644.548.691.525.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.320', 'E05.601.470.320'], ['A06.300.747', 'A06.688.357.750', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.500', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.500', 'A08.713.357.750'], ['C04.588.322.609', 'C04.588.614.250.195.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.211.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.617.477.600', 'C10.228.140.617.738.675', 'C10.551.240.250.700.500.500', 'C19.344.609', 'C19.700.734'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.773', 'D06.472.699.631.525.525', 'D12.644.548.691.525.525']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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The effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition throughout a superovulation protocol in ewes.
|
Many studies identified new components of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS), such as Angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1–7)] and Angiotensin-converting enzyme type 2 (ACE2), in mammalian ovaries.We previously showed Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibition, which increases the level of Ang-(1–7), stimulated ovarian estradiol output in ewe after estrous synchronization. Considering that Ang-(1–7) stimulates ovarian function and elevated estradiol before ovulation is associated with increased chance of achieving pregnancy, the present study investigated whether ACE inhibition throughout a superovulation protocol in ewe might improve ovulation outcome. At first, immunohistochemistry in ovaries of nonpregnant ewes revealed localization of Angiotensin II (Ang II), Ang-(1–7) and ACE2 in theca cells of antral follicles and in corpus luteum. Ang II and Ang-(1–7)were also detected in follicular fluid (FF) by Radioimmunoassay (RIA). Enalapril treatment throughout the superovulation protocol decreased 17â-estradiol (E2) output and raised progesterone:estradiol (P4:E2) ratio without a direct influence on ovulation and quality of embryos.
|
['Angiotensin I', 'Angiotensin II', 'Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2', 'Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Animals', 'Embryo, Nonmammalian', 'Enalapril', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Ovulation', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A', 'Progesterone', 'Sheep', 'Superovulation']
| 26,679,819
|
[['D06.472.699.094.075', 'D12.644.400.070.075', 'D12.644.456.073.021', 'D12.644.548.058.075', 'D12.776.631.650.070.075', 'D23.469.050.050.025'], ['D06.472.699.094.078', 'D12.644.400.070.078', 'D12.644.456.073.041', 'D12.644.548.058.078', 'D12.776.631.650.070.078', 'D23.469.050.050.050'], ['D08.811.277.656.350.245.042'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.085'], ['B01.050'], ['A13.350', 'A16.331'], ['D12.644.456.345.360'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['G08.686.784.690'], ['D12.644.541'], ['D08.811.277.656.350.350.687'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['E02.875.800.984.500', 'E05.820.800.984.500', 'G08.686.784.690.768']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Label-free detection of micro-RNA hybridization using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and least-squares analysis.
|
Label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection of nucleic acid hybridization is impeded by poor spectral reproducibility and the fact that the chemical signatures of hybridized and unhybridized sequences are highly similar. To overcome these issues, highly reproducible silver nanorod SERS substrates along with a straightforward least-squares (LS) technique have been employed for the quantitative determination of the relative ratios of the four nucleotide components A, C, G, and T/U before and after hybridization using a clinically relevant micro-RNA sequence.
|
['Least-Squares Analysis', 'MicroRNAs', 'Nanotubes', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'Silver', 'Spectrum Analysis, Raman']
| 22,788,749
|
[['E05.318.740.750.400', 'N05.715.360.750.695.440', 'N06.850.520.830.750.400'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['J01.637.512.850'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611'], ['D01.268.556.812', 'D01.268.956.843', 'D01.552.544.812'], ['E05.196.822.860', 'E05.196.867.890']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Antitumor activity and biochemical effects of cyclopentenyl cytosine in mice.
|
Cyclopentenyl cytosine, a recently synthesized inhibitor of cytidine 5'-triphosphate synthesis, has marked antitumor activity. Treatment with 1 mg/kg i.p. on days 1-9 following inoculation with tumor produced 111-122% increased median life span in mice bearing L1210 leukemia, 73-129% increased median life span in mice bearing P388 leukemia, and 58-62% increased median life span in mice with B16 melanoma. A subline of L1210 selected for resistance to 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine was more sensitive to cyclopentenyl cytosine than the parent tumor line. L1210 cell growth in cultures was greatly inhibited (greater than 90%) by 0.1 microM cyclopentenyl cytosine, but cells were protected from the growth inhibitory effects by cytidine (20 microM) and to a lesser extent by uridine or deoxycytidine. Exposure of cultured L1210 cells to 1 microM cyclopentenyl cytosine inhibited formation of [3H]cytidine nucleotides from [3H]uridine by 30% during the first 15 min of exposure to drug and by greater than 95% after 2 h of exposure. Treatment of mice bearing L1210 ascites with cyclopentenyl cytosine (1 mg/kg) produced rapid depletion of cytidine nucleotide pools in the tumor cells; these pools fell to 35% of control within 30 min. The effects of cyclopentenyl cytosine on nucleotide pools were tissue selective; the cytidine nucleotide pools of spleen, liver, kidney, and intestine were less sensitive than that of the L1210 ascites tumor. Cytidine nucleotide pools of spleen and liver were depleted by higher doses (10 mg/kg) of cyclopentenyl cytosine.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytidine', 'Cytosine Nucleotides', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Leukemia L1210', 'Leukemia P388', 'Melanoma', 'Mice', 'Neoplasms, Experimental']
| 3,708,566
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['D03.383.742.680.245', 'D13.570.685.245', 'D13.570.800.286'], ['D03.383.742.686.246', 'D13.695.740.246', 'D13.695.827.232'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['C04.557.337.372.594', 'C04.619.531.594'], ['C04.557.337.372.782', 'C04.619.531.782'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510', 'C04.557.665.510'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['C04.619', 'E05.598.500.496']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Genetic regulation of ionizing radiation sensitivity and breast cancer risk.
|
Genetic variability in DNA repair may contribute to hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation (IR) and susceptibility to breast cancer. We used samples collected from a clinic-based breast cancer case-control study to test the working hypothesis that amino acid substitution variants of DNA repair genes may contribute to prolonged cell-cycle delay following IR and breast cancer risk. Fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis was used to measure cell-cycle delay. PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assays were used to determine four genotypes of three DNA repair genes: XRCC1, 194 Arg/Trp and 399 Arg/Gln; XRCC3, 241 Thr/Met; and APE1, 148 Asp/Glu. The data showed that breast cancer patients had a significantly higher delay index than that of controls (P < 0.001); the means +/- SD for cases and controls were 36.0 +/- 13.1 (n = 118) and 31.4 +/- 11.5 (n = 225), respectively. There was a significant dose-response relationship between delay index, categorized into quartiles, and an increasing risk of breast cancer (crude odds ratios: 1.00, 1.00, 1.27, and 2.46, respectively; P(trend) = 0.002). In controls, prolonged cell-cycle delay was significantly associated with the number of variant alleles in APE1 Asp148Glu and XRCC1 Arg399Gln genotypes (P(trend) = 0.001). Although larger studies are needed to validate the results, our data suggest that an inherited hypersensitivity to IR may contribute to human breast carcinogenesis.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Amino Acid Substitution', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Carbon-Oxygen Lyases', 'Case-Control Studies', 'DNA Repair', 'DNA, Neoplasm', 'DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Female', 'G2 Phase', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length', 'Radiation Tolerance', 'Risk Assessment', 'X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1']
| 11,921,191
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.393.420.601.035', 'G05.558.109'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['D08.811.520.241'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['D13.444.308.425'], ['D08.811.074.750', 'D08.811.520.241.225'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G04.144.500.340'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G05.365.795.595'], ['G04.712', 'G07.738'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['D12.776.157.687.813', 'D12.776.260.963', 'D12.776.660.720.813']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Application of Rogerson spatial pattern surveillance in monitoring infectious diseases: parameter setting and choice of scales of analysis].
|
OBJECTIVE: To set up appropriate parameters and scales of analysis for monitoring infectious diseases using Rogerson spatial pattern surveillance method.METHODS: Hepatitis data in Henan provinces from 2006 to 2009 were tested using Rogerson spatial patterns surveillance method.RESULTS: When the parameters were set with n0 = 12, K= 0.5, H = 7.17, r = 25 and analyzed at city level, 26 alarms were triggered. When the parameters were set with n0 = 4, K = 0.5, H = 8.26, r = 15 and analyzed at county level, 115 alarms were triggered.CONCLUSION: K and a need to be set first, followed by n0 and r with adaptation to the anticipated numbers of alarm. Then, the parameters of ARL0, ARL1, and H can be calculated. For the surveillance of hepatitis A, county level analysis is more reasonable than city level.
|
['China', 'Cluster Analysis', 'Communicable Diseases', 'Computer Simulation', 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'Hepatitis A', 'Humans', 'Models, Statistical', 'Population Surveillance']
| 21,866,646
|
[['Z01.252.474.164'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['C01.221', 'C23.550.291.531'], ['L01.224.160'], ['E05.245.380', 'E05.318.740.300', 'L01.313.500.750.190.380', 'N05.715.360.750.300', 'N06.850.520.830.300'], ['C01.925.440.420', 'C01.925.782.687.359.500', 'C06.552.380.705.422'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Splint renal function after captopril in unilateral renal artery stenosis.
|
The renal extraction ratios of 131I-sodium iodohippurate (131I-Hippuran) and 125I-thalamate were greatly reduced on the affected side by 50 mg captopril in seven out of 14 patients with unilateral renal artery stenosis. With long term captopril 150 mg daily the uptake of 99mTc-diethylenetriaminepenta-acetic acid by the affected kidney, which was determined by scintillation camera renography, became almost zero in these seven patients, indicating severe reduction of the glomerular filtration rate. Function of the affected kidney returned on discontinuing treatment. The reduced extraction of sodium iodohippurate probably reflected a shortened plasma transit time through the kidney due to intrarenal vasodilatation. The reduced extraction of thalamate reflected a low filtration fraction, suggesting that the vasodilatation was, at least in part, at the level of the postglomerular arterioles. Captopril had little effect on the contralateral kidney and on the kidneys of 17 patients with essential hypertension, and serum creatinine concentrations showed minor changes. Radioisotope renography should be performed after beginning captopril treatment in patients with renal artery stenosis. This is also recommended for patients given captopril as a third line drug when renal artery stenosis has not been excluded. Hypertension is these patients is often severe and difficult to control. Renal artery disease is not rare in this difficult group and finding seriously impaired renal function on one side during captopril treatment may be diagnostic.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Captopril', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Renovascular', 'Iodine Radioisotopes', 'Iodohippuric Acid', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pentetic Acid', 'Proline', 'Radioisotope Renography', 'Renal Artery Obstruction', 'Technetium', 'Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate', 'Time Factors']
| 6,423,129
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.125.072.401.623.270'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.331.490', 'C13.351.968.419.331.490', 'C14.907.489.631.485'], ['D01.268.380.400.500.496', 'D01.496.448.496', 'D01.496.749.474'], ['D02.065.277.431.579', 'D02.241.223.100.100.400.500', 'D02.241.755.360.579', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.085.460.500'], ['A05.810.453'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.092.782.590', 'D02.241.081.018.639'], ['D12.125.072.401.623'], ['E01.370.350.710.715.700', 'E01.370.384.730.715.700', 'E01.370.390.400.700'], ['C12.777.419.775', 'C13.351.968.419.775', 'C14.907.137.727'], ['D01.268.271.870', 'D01.268.556.843', 'D01.268.956.875', 'D01.496.749.305.870', 'D01.552.544.843'], ['D02.092.782.590.883', 'D02.241.081.018.639.883', 'D02.691.825.875'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Utility of routine evaluation of sterility of cellular therapy products with or without extensive manipulation: Best practices and clinical significance.
|
BACKGROUND: We analyzed the results of routine sterility testing performed in our center over the last 10 years, in the context both hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and Advanced Therapeutic Medicinal Products (ATMPs).METHODS: For sterility tests 14-day cultures were performed in culture media detecting aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms.RESULTS: In this study, 22/1643 (1.3%) of apheretic products for autologous or allogeneic HSCT were contaminated, whereas 14/73 bone marrow (BM) harvests (17.8%) were positive. In 22 cases, the contaminated HSCs were infused to patients, but there was no evidence of any adverse impact of contamination on the hematologic engraftment or on infections. Indeed none of the five positive hemocultures detected in patients following infusion could be linked to the contaminated stem cell product. Our Cell Factory also generated 286 ATMPs in good manufacturing practice (GMP) conditions since 2007 and all final products were sterile. In three cases of mesenchymal stromal cell expansions, the starting BM harvests were contaminated, but the cell products at the end of expansion were sterile, presumably thanks to the presence of an antibiotic in the culture medium.DISCUSSION: The decreased rate of contamination of cell harvests observed with time suggests that routine sterility testing and communication of the results to the collecting centers may improve clinical practices. Furthermore, we recommend the use of antibiotics in the medium for ATMP expansion, to decrease the likelihood of expanding microorganisms within clean rooms. Finally we discuss the costs of sterility testing of ATMPs by GMP-approved external laboratories.
|
['Blood Component Removal', 'Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy', 'Culture Media', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cells', 'Humans', 'Mesenchymal Stem Cells', 'Sterilization', 'Time Factors']
| 29,246,649
|
[['E02.120'], ['E02.095.147'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687.500'], ['A11.148.378', 'A11.872.378', 'A15.378.316.378'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.329.830.500', 'A11.872.590.500'], ['N06.850.780.200.450.850'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Laparoscopic pelvic lymph node dissection, laparoscopically assisted seminal vesicle mobilization, and total perineal prostatectomy versus radical retropubic prostatectomy for prostate cancer.
|
OBJECTIVES: The outcomes of patients with prostate cancer who were candidates for radical prostatectomy were compared with patients who underwent either: (1) radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP); or (2) laparoscopic pelvic lymph node dissection, laparoscopically assisted seminal vesicle mobilization, and total perineal prostatectomy (LN-SV-TPP).METHODS: The staging, surgical, and early postoperative characteristics of 10 consecutive patients treated by RRP were compared with 12 consecutive patients who underwent LN-SV-TPP.RESULTS: Patients who underwent LN-SV-TPP versus RRP had respective median blood loss of 450 versus 1250 cc (P = 0.001), median anesthesia time of 330 versus 287.5 minutes (P = 0.05), median surgical time of 237.5 versus 237.5 minutes (P = 0.6), median units transfused of 0 versus 1 (P = 0.05), median time to ambulation of 1 versus 2 days (P = 0.002), median time to oral intake of 1 versus 3.5 days (P < 0.001), median hospital stay of 3 versus 6 days (P < 0.001), and median morphine requirements of 44 versus 119 mg (P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: LN-SV-TPP is less morbid than RRP concerning blood loss, blood transfusions, pain, and postoperative recovery. Compared with LN-SV-TPP, RRP is faster and is particularly indicated for ease of performing a nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy.
|
['Aged', 'Biopsy', 'Blood Loss, Surgical', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Laparoscopy', 'Lymph Node Excision', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Pelvis', 'Postoperative Care', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prostate-Specific Antigen', 'Prostatectomy', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Seminal Vesicles', 'Time Factors']
| 7,538,244
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['C23.550.414.300', 'C23.550.505.300'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['E04.446'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['E01.789.625'], ['A01.923.600'], ['E02.760.731.700', 'E04.604.500', 'N02.421.585.722.700'], ['C23.550.767'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.442.750', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.442.750', 'D12.776.866.249.500', 'D23.050.285.625', 'D23.101.140.625'], ['E04.950.774.860.625'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['A05.360.444.713'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Characterization of recombinant human lactoferrin secreted in milk of transgenic mice.
|
Human lactoferrin (hLF) is an iron-binding protein involved in host defense against infection and severe inflammation. Transgenic mice were produced harboring either hLF cDNA or genomic hLF sequences fused to regulatory elements of the bovine alphaS1 casein gene. Recombinant hLF expressed in the milk of transgenic mice (transgenic hLF) was compared with natural (human milk-derived) hLF. Immunological identity of the two forms was shown by double antibody immunoassays and the absence of an anti-hLF antibody response in transgenic mice on hyperimmunization with natural hLF. Mono S cation-exchange chromatography and N-terminal protein sequencing of transgenic and natural hLF revealed identical cationicity and N-terminal sequences. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and absorbance measurements of purified transgenic hLF showed this protein was 90% saturated with iron, whereas natural hLF is only 3% saturated. The pH-mediated release of iron from transgenic hLF was not different from that of iron-saturated natural hLF. Unsaturated transgenic hLF could be completely resaturated upon addition of iron. Slight differences in mobility between transgenic and natural hLF on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were abolished by enzymatic deglycosylation. Binding of transgenic and natural hLF to a range of ligands, including bacterial lipopolysaccharide, heparin, single-stranded DNA, Cibacron blue FG 3A, and lectins, was not different. Based on these observations, we anticipate that (unsaturated) rhLF and natural hLF will exert similar, if not identical, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity in vivo.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Chromatography, Gel', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Glycosylation', 'Humans', 'Iron', 'Lactoferrin', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Milk', 'Radioimmunoassay', 'Recombinant Proteins']
| 9,079,716
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['E05.196.181.400.250'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['G02.111.158.812', 'G02.607.299', 'G03.191.812'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.471', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.471', 'D12.776.157.427.750.249', 'D12.776.256.159.750.816.500.507', 'D12.776.377.457.507', 'D12.776.395.507', 'D12.776.556.579.750.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['A12.200.455', 'A12.790', 'G07.203.100.700', 'G07.203.300.350.525', 'J02.200.700', 'J02.500.350.525'], ['E01.370.384.700', 'E05.478.566.639', 'E05.601.470.639'], ['D12.776.828']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Endothelium-dependent contractions occur in the aorta of wild-type and COX2-/- knockout but not COX1-/- knockout mice.
|
The present experiments were designed to determine whether or not endothelium-dependent contractions can be evoked in the aorta of the mouse, and if so, whether or not deleting the COX1 gene affects the response. Sex differences in the response were also examined. Rings of murine aorta were suspended in a Halpern-Mulvany myograph for recording of isometric force. In the aorta of the male wild type C57BL/b6 mice (36-40 weeks old), both acetylcholine and the calcium ionophore caused endothelium-dependent increases in force in the presence of L-NAME, and these were inhibited by valeryl salicylate (a selective COX1 inhibitor) and S18886 (a selective antagonist of TP receptors). Such endothelium-dependent contraction was absent in the aorta of COX1 knockout mice and present in that of COX2 knockout mice. Similar results were obtained in aortas of female wild-type, COX2 and COX1 knockout mice. These experiments reveal the existence of EDCF-mediated contractions in arteries of the mouse. These contractions, as in the aorta of the spontaneously hypertensive rat, are caused by endogenous agonists(s) of TP receptors produced by cyclooxygenase 1, because they are observed in the aortas of COX2 knockout mice but not in aortas of COX1 knockout mice. The present study provides direct evidence that COX1 is indeed the isoform of cyclooxygenase responsible for the production of EDCF.
|
['Animals', 'Aorta', 'Calcimycin', 'Cyclooxygenase 1', 'Cyclooxygenase 2', 'Endothelins', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Female', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester', 'Sex Characteristics', 'Vasoconstriction']
| 16,306,799
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056'], ['D03.633.100.221.173'], ['D08.811.600.720.500'], ['D08.811.600.720.750'], ['D12.644.276.400', 'D12.776.467.400', 'D23.529.400'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['E05.481'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['D12.125.068.050.525', 'D12.125.095.104.525'], ['G08.686.815'], ['G09.330.380.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Chemical Constituents from Caragana changduensis].
|
Objective: To study the chemical constituents of the red heartwood of the stems and roots of Caragana changduensis.Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by means of several column chromatographic techniques,and their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods.Results: Ten compounds were isolated and identified as kushenin( 1),( 6aR,11aR)-3-hydroxy-4,9-dimethoxy-pterocarpan( 2),(-)-4-methoxymaackiain( 3),(-)-homopterocarpin( 4),2,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid( 5),2-methoxy-4-ethoxybenzoic acid( 6),3-acetyl-oleanolic acid( 7),7-hydroxy-2,3-dimethylchromone( 8),liquiritigenin( 9),and â-sitosterol( 10).Conclusion: Compounds 1,3,5,7,and 8 are obtained from this genus for the first time. All the compounds are obtained from this plant for the first time.
|
['Caragana', 'Flavanones', 'Oleanolic Acid', 'Plant Roots', 'Pterocarpans', 'Sitosterols']
| 30,079,714
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.098'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.252', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.252'], ['D02.455.849.919.530.733', 'D02.455.849.919.650.600'], ['A18.400'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.400.687', 'D03.633.100.127.637', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.400.687', 'D03.633.400.748'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.857', 'D04.210.500.247.808.756.669', 'D10.570.938.795.669', 'D23.704.500.669']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Laparoscopic liver biopsy performed safely in a child with hepatic dysfunction: report of a case.
|
We performed laparoscopic liver biopsy in a 10-year-old girl with acute myelocytic leukemia and coagulopathy. Each biopsy was taken under laparoscopic ultrasound (LUS) guidance, and hemostasis was achieved with an argon beam coagulator (ABC). These instruments were introduced through one 10/12-mm port, which also allowed the insertion of surgical gauze for direct compression. By using LUS, ABC, and one full-sized working port, laparoscopic liver biopsy becomes a viable and safer alternative, even for children with coagulopathy.
|
['Biopsy', 'Bone Marrow Transplantation', 'Child', 'Female', 'Graft vs Host Disease', 'Hemostasis', 'Humans', 'Laparoscopy', 'Laser Coagulation', 'Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute', 'Liver Diseases']
| 12,928,853
|
[['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['E02.095.147.725.040', 'E04.936.580.040'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C20.452'], ['G09.188.390'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['E02.520.745.410', 'E02.594.530', 'E04.014.520.530', 'E04.350.750.410', 'E04.540.630.410'], ['C04.557.337.539.275'], ['C06.552']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The use of the fluorescent antibody test to detect Escherichia coli with K88 and 987P pilus antigens.
|
Direct fluorescent antibody tests were used to detect Escherichia coli possessing K88 and 987P antigens. Identification of bacteria was accomplished on suspensions of organisms from clinical isolates, on frozen sections and impression smears from small intestine and on faecal smears. This assay makes possible the rapid identification of E. coli possessing K88 and 987P pilus antigens.
|
['Adhesins, Escherichia coli', 'Animals', 'Antigens, Bacterial', 'Antigens, Surface', 'Escherichia coli', 'Escherichia coli Infections', 'Escherichia coli Proteins', 'Fimbriae Proteins', 'Fimbriae, Bacterial', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Swine', 'Swine Diseases']
| 2,871,657
|
[['D12.776.097.120.050.040', 'D12.776.097.275.500', 'D12.776.543.100.050.040', 'D23.050.161.050.040'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.050.161'], ['D23.050.301'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.330'], ['D12.776.097.275'], ['D12.776.097.120.425', 'D12.776.543.100.300'], ['A11.284.180.285', 'A20.843'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['C22.905']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Physicians' non-compliance with patients' refusal of life-sustaining treatment.
|
Should patients be treated when they have specifically refused treatment? Three competent patients are described with end-stage renal disease who, against the advice of their family, friends and care-givers, refused dialysis. Each was treated and subsequently they acknowledged their satisfaction with the outcome. Guidelines for treating patients when consent is refused are discussed and it is suggested that this is permissible in life-saving situations where the patients' refusal is idiosyncratic and irrational.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cooperative Behavior', 'Ethics, Medical', 'Euthanasia, Passive', 'Humans', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Male', 'Paternalism', 'Patient Advocacy', 'Personal Autonomy', 'Physician-Patient Relations', 'Renal Dialysis']
| 3,688,043
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.145.813.115'], ['K01.752.566.479.171.132.750', 'N05.350.340.162.500'], ['E02.760.905.199.500', 'E02.760.952.500', 'N02.421.585.905.199.625', 'N02.421.585.952.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['F01.829.547'], ['I01.880.604.631', 'N03.706.678'], ['F02.600', 'I01.880.604.473.380.500', 'K01.752.566.479.830.650', 'N03.706.437.380.500', 'N05.350.958.650'], ['F01.829.401.650.675', 'N05.300.660.625'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Minimal metastatic and minimal residual disease in patients with Ewing tumors].
|
At least 95% of Ewing tumors (ET) are characterized by an EWS-gene rearrangement with either FLI-1 or ERG and by extraordinary high MIC2/CD99 expression. Both features can be used for the specific identification of tumor cells, which might also be present in blood and bone marrow in minimal metastatic or minimal residual disease. We report the establishment of sensitive ET cell detection methods based on these characteristics. Preliminary results of 14 patients are given and two cases are reported in detail. 6/14 patients showed RT-PCR positivity in the bone marrow whereas in 8/14 patients ET cells could be detected by immunofluorescence. Only in 2 patients, one at diagnosis and one at relapse, tumor cells were detected in blood samples by RT-PCR. Peripheral blood stem cells of 5 patients showed no contamination with ET cells. The versatility of the immunocytochemical approach as compared to the RT-PCR analysis is discussed in order to explain the discrepancies between the results obtained with the two detection methods.
|
['Adolescent', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Biopsy', 'Bone Marrow', 'Bone Marrow Neoplasms', 'Bone Neoplasms', 'Bone and Bones', 'Cell Line', 'Child', 'Female', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Neoplasm, Residual', 'Neoplastic Cells, Circulating', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Prognosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Sarcoma, Ewing']
| 7,564,161
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D23.101.140'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['A15.382.216'], ['C04.588.448.200', 'C15.378.190.250', 'C15.378.400.200'], ['C04.588.149', 'C05.116.231'], ['A02.835.232', 'A10.165.265'], ['A11.251.210'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.697.700', 'C23.550.727.700'], ['A11.642', 'C04.697.650.900', 'C23.550.727.650.900'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C04.557.450.565.575.650.800', 'C04.557.450.795.620.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Changes in the factor VIII molecular complex in Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma].
|
Factor VIII molecular complex is included in the proteins of "acute inflammation", being changed not only in the congenital diseases - hemophilia A and Willebrand disease but also in a series of acquired diseases as various inflammatory processes, hypercoagulability, DIC syndrome, neoplasms. The studies carried out on Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin lymphomas reveal that the changes in its separate activities (factor VIIIK and Willebrand antigen) are not unidirectional with the changes of fibrinogen level and cannot serve as an index of the activity of the process.
|
['Factor VIII', 'Fibrinogen', 'Hodgkin Disease', 'Humans', 'Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin', 'von Willebrand Factor']
| 3,113,078
|
[['D12.776.124.125.350', 'D12.776.811.286', 'D23.119.350'], ['D12.776.124.050.250', 'D12.776.124.125.500', 'D12.776.811.300', 'D23.119.490'], ['C04.557.386.355', 'C15.604.515.569.355', 'C20.683.515.761.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.386.480', 'C15.604.515.569.480', 'C20.683.515.761.480'], ['D12.776.124.125.920', 'D23.119.985']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of untreated and treated temporomandibular joint arthritis on mandibular volume development in growing rabbits.
|
OBJECTIVES: The goal of this work was to investigate the volume development of the mandible in growing rabbits with bilaterally induced temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthritis that was either left untreated or treated with the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-á) antagonist etanercept.METHODS: A total of 18 New Zealand White rabbits aged 8 weeks were randomized to three groups of 6 animals each. Two of these groups were used as arthritis groups by sensitizing the 12 animals to ovalbumin (OA) at 10 weeks, followed by intraarticular OA injections to induce bilateral TMJ arthritis and repeating these injections every 3 weeks to maintain the inflammation. One of the two arthritis groups was treated by weekly subcutaneous etanercept injections, whereas the other group was left untreated. The remaining 6 animals served as controls. Maxillofacial CT scans were obtained at 3-week intervals (from week 10 of the rabbits' lives to the end of the experiment at 22 weeks) to volumetrically track the development of the mandibles after segmentation.RESULTS: The mandibles did not grow at a continuous rate, but the rate of development was found to decrease in all groups over the course of the study (weeks 10-22). The most extensive volume increases were noted during weeks 10-13. Severe growth deficiencies, especially of the condylar processes, were observed in the arthritis group not receiving treatment. The arthritis group treated with etanercept showed better rates of growth without, however, reaching the normal range of the control group.CONCLUSION: Antigen-induced TMJ arthritis was found to involve severe problems of growth similar to those in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Etanercept can improve the volume development but does not reestablish an entirely normal rate of growth.
|
['Aging', 'Animals', 'Antirheumatic Agents', 'Arthritis', 'Etanercept', 'Female', 'Mandible', 'Organ Size', 'Rabbits', 'Reference Values', 'Temporomandibular Joint Disorders', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 25,929,713
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.329'], ['C05.550.114'], ['D12.644.541.500.697.624', 'D12.776.124.486.485.538.500.624', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680.697.624', 'D12.776.124.790.651.538.500.624', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680.660.624', 'D12.776.377.715.548.538.500.624', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680.660.624', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.232'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.632', 'A14.521.632'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['E05.978.810'], ['C05.500.607.221.897', 'C05.550.905', 'C05.651.243.897', 'C07.320.610.291.897', 'C07.678'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Antibiotic-associated diarrhea and the older dental patient: how do dentists respond?
|
BACKGROUND: Gastrointestinal complications from antibiotic use, including Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), can have significant morbidity, especially among older patients. This descriptive study surveyed dentists to find out how they would respond to a patient with signs indicating potential CDI.METHODS: A survey on prescribing medications for older patients was mailed to 1,000 dentists in New Jersey. Questions were asked regarding antibiotic selection, probiotic use, and approach to a patient scenario of diarrhea after antibiotic use.RESULTS: Respondents chose amoxicillin most frequently as an antibiotic, and clindamycin if penicillin allergy. When informed their patients had diarrhea, 64.5% advised them to stop the antibiotic. If the patient continued to have diarrhea on follow-up, 75.5% contacted the patient's physician. Most (61.6%) do not prescribe probiotics prophylactically.CONCLUSIONS: Most dentists respond appropriately to antibiotic-associated diarrhea in advising to stop the antibiotic, and seeking physician involvement if no improvement, but there are still many who make recommendations that could delay appropriate care. Dentists may wish to learn more about benefits of probiotics.
|
['Aged', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Clostridioides difficile', 'Decision Making', 'Dental Care for Aged', 'Diarrhea', 'Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'New Jersey', "Practice Patterns, Dentists'"]
| 26,297,332
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['B03.353.625.657.500'], ['F02.463.785.373'], ['E06.170.100', 'N02.421.240.190.210'], ['C23.888.821.214'], ['C01.150.252.410.222.310', 'C06.405.205.596.800', 'C06.405.469.363.800'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.567.875.500.525'], ['N04.590.374.505', 'N05.300.580']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
New trends in early diagnosis of hydroxychloroquine toxic retinopathy.
|
BACKGROUND: Toxic retinopathy is an uncommon sequella in the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). We present two cases of HCQ toxic retinopathy, as well as a discussion on how to diagnose and manage early toxicity findings;CASE REPORTS: Two cases are presented of patients who experienced toxic effects of HCQ therapy. The first patient had bull's eye maculopathy confirmed with visual field testing and optical coherence tomography (OCT). The second patient had early signs of toxic maculopathy validated by repeat visual field and OCT testing;CONCLUSIONS: Management of toxic maculopathy includes the cessation of hydroxychloroquine, continued monitoring of the toxic effects and optimizing the remaining vision. The irreversible and potential devastating effect of HCQ toxic maculopathy underscores the importance of early diagnosis and working with the patient's rheumatologist.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antirheumatic Agents', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Early Diagnosis', 'Electroretinography', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Hydroxychloroquine', 'Male', 'Retina', 'Retinal Diseases', 'Tomography, Optical Coherence', 'Visual Fields']
| 23,249,122
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.954.329'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['E01.171'], ['E01.390'], ['E01.370.380.225', 'E01.370.405.270'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.810.050.180.350'], ['A09.371.729'], ['C11.768'], ['E01.370.350.589.249.500', 'E01.370.350.825.805.500', 'E05.642.249.500'], ['F02.463.593.932.934', 'G14.950']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enhancing iridoid glucosides from the Indonesian medicinal plant Barleria lupulina.
|
In order to find antiosteoporotic agents from natural resources, 32 Indonesian medicinal plants were screened for their effects on osteoblast differentiation by using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells as a marker. From the extract of Barleria lupulina, which showed the most potent activity, 13 iridoid glucosides, including three new ones [8-O-acetylipolamiidic acid (1), 8-O-acetyl-6-O-(p-methoxy-cis-cinnamoyl)shanzhiside (2), and 8-O-acetyl-6-O-(p-methoxy-trans-cinnamoyl)shanzhiside (3)] were identified. Among the 13 iridoid glucosides, ipolamiide (4) showed the most potent activity in a dose-dependent manner.
|
['3T3 Cells', 'Acanthaceae', 'Alkaline Phosphatase', 'Animals', 'Indonesia', 'Iridoid Glucosides', 'Mice', 'Molecular Structure', 'Plants, Medicinal', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 21,213,964
|
[['A11.251.210.100', 'A11.329.228.100'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.583.040'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.035'], ['B01.050'], ['Z01.252.145.380', 'Z01.639.580'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.450.675.500.500.500', 'D02.455.849.575.188.500.500.500', 'D03.383.663.491.500.500', 'D09.408.348.387', 'D09.408.423.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['B01.650.560'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
[Imagiology of the acute calcific tendinitis of the longus colli].
|
The acute calcific tendinitis of the longus colli, it's a rare nosologic condition, that generally presents with intense and sudden neck pain,associated with dysphagia, little time after an effort or local trauma, with rapidly symptomatic progression, that in just a few days tend to totally limit the normal function. The disease is caused by the inflammatory response to the deposition of calcic hidroxiapatite generally at the superior insertion of the superior oblique fibers. We describe the case of a female, 48 years old, that suddenly after a physical effort, develops a clinical picture characterized by limitation of the cervical and cranial movements, rapidly progressive dysphagia, and increasingly intense pain, with inflammatory characteristics. Ten years before the patient had presented a pulmonary tuberculosis infection that was treated and debelated, this event had contributed to bias the approach to the disease, but the CT and MRI has showed some classical findings in this pathology, bringing light to the real nature of the disease.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Calcinosis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Neck Muscles', 'Tendinopathy', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 23,177,585
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['C18.452.174.130'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.633.567.650'], ['C05.651.869', 'C26.874.800'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Physical performance across the thyroid function values within the normal range in adult and older persons.
|
BACKGROUND: Thyroid hormone variation may be correlated with adverse health outcomes, even within the normal reference range in euthyroid individuals.AIMS: To determine the association between plasma thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4) levels and physical performance score in middle age and older adults who had levels of all three hormones in the normal range.METHODS: In this community-based, cross-sectional study, euthyroid participants of the Invecchiare in Chianti study, aged 23-102 years (N = 1060), were considered. Physical performance was evaluated by the Summary Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score. Plasma TSH, FT3, and FT4 levels were predictors, and SPPB score was the outcome.RESULTS: At the univariate analyses, TSH, FT4, and FT3 were not significantly associated with SPPB score in young individuals, whereas, in older participants, SBBP score was positively (P < 0.001) associated with FT3, and negatively associated with both TSH (P < 0.02) and FT4 (P < 0.001). After adjusting for multiple confounders, FT3 remained significantly associated with SPPB (beta ± SE, 0.35 ± 0.17, P = 0.04), but FT4 and TSH were not. Results did not change when all the three hormones FT3, FT4, and TSH were simultaneously considered in the fully adjusted model (beta ± SE for FT3, 0.37 ± 0.18, P = 0.04).DISCUSSION: The results of this study demonstrate that SPPB score is positively associated with circulating FT3 but not with FT4 or with TSH, in older euthyroid individuals.CONCLUSIONS: In euthyroid older adults, circulating FT3 may play an important role in the thyroid effects on physical function.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Physical Functional Performance', 'Reference Values', 'Thyroid Gland', 'Thyrotropin', 'Thyroxine', 'Triiodothyronine', 'Young Adult']
| 29,845,558
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N01.400.545.750'], ['E05.978.810'], ['A06.300.900'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.883', 'D12.644.548.691.525.883'], ['D06.472.931.812', 'D12.125.072.050.767'], ['D06.472.931.740.385', 'D12.125.072.050.767.741.894'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Helicobacter Pylori's plasticity zones are novel transposable elements.
|
BACKGROUND: Genes present in only certain strains of a bacterial species can strongly affect cellular phenotypes and evolutionary potentials. One segment that seemed particularly rich in strain-specific genes was found by comparing the first two sequenced Helicobacter pylori genomes (strains 26695 and J99) and was named a "plasticity zone".PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We studied the nature and evolution of plasticity zones by sequencing them in five more Helicobacter strains, determining their locations in additional strains, and identifying them in recently released genome sequences. They occurred as discrete units, inserted at numerous chromosomal sites, and were usually flanked by direct repeats of 5'AAGAATG, a sequence generally also present in one copy at unoccupied sites in other strains. This showed that plasticity zones are transposable elements, to be called TnPZs. Each full length TnPZ contained a cluster of type IV protein secretion genes (tfs3), a tyrosine recombinase family gene ("xerT"), and a large (>or=2800 codon) orf encoding a protein with helicase and DNA methylase domains, plus additional orfs with no homology to genes of known function. Several TnPZ types were found that differed in gene arrangement or DNA sequence. Our analysis also indicated that the first-identified plasticity zones (in strains 26695 and J99) are complex mosaics of TnPZ remnants, formed by multiple TnPZ insertions, and spontaneous and transposable element mediated deletions. Tests using laboratory-generated deletions showed that TnPZs are not essential for viability, but identified one TnPZ that contributed quantitatively to bacterial growth during mouse infection and another that affected synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines in cell culture.CONCLUSIONS: We propose that plasticity zone genes are contained in conjugative transposons (TnPZs) or remnants of them, that TnPZ insertion is mediated by XerT recombinase, and that some TnPZ genes affect bacterial phenotypes and fitness.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cell Line', 'Cytokines', 'DNA Transposable Elements', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Gene Deletion', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Genome, Bacterial', 'Helicobacter pylori', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Multigene Family', 'Phylogeny', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA']
| 19,727,398
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['D13.444.308.520', 'G02.111.570.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.340.024.425.200'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['G05.360.340.358.207'], ['B03.440.500.550', 'B03.660.150.235.500.250.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['E05.393.760.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Salivary IgA levels and infection risk in elite swimmers.
|
UNLABELLED: The effects of exercise on the immune system has been shown to be dependent on the level of fitness of the subjects, the degree of intensity, and the duration of the exercise. A reduction in salivary IgA levels occurs after individual sessions of exercise.PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between changes in salivary IgA and training volume, psychological stress, and infection rates in a cohort of 26 elite swimmers over a 7-month training period and to compare the changes with a group of 12 moderately exercising controls.METHODS: Salivary IgA concentrations were measured by an electroimmunodiffusion. Exercise gradings were assessed by a standardized aerobic-anaerobic rating system. Psychological stress/anxiety was evaluated by the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Infections were physician-verified.RESULTS: Salivary IgA levels showed an inverse correlation with the number of infections in both elite swimmers and moderately exercising control subjects. The pretraining salivary IgA levels in swimmers were 4.1% lower for each additional month of training and 5.8% lower for each additional infection. The posttraining salivary IgA levels in swimmers were not significantly correlated with infection rates but were 8.5% lower for each additional 1 km swum in a training session and 7.0% lower for each additional month of training. The number of infections observed in the elite swimmers was predicted from regression models by the preseason (P = 0.05) and the mean pretraining salivary IgA levels (P = 0.006). The trends in pretraining salivary IgA levels over the 7-month season, calculated as individual slopes of pretraining IgA levels over time, were also predictive of the number of infections (P = 0.03) in the swimmers.CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that measurement of salivary IgA levels over a training season may be predictive for athletes at risk of infection.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Biomarkers', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin A, Secretory', 'Incidence', 'Infections', 'Male', 'Prognosis', 'Risk Assessment', 'Saliva', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Swimming']
| 9,927,012
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D23.101'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.026.030', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.026.030', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.026.030'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['C01'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['A12.200.666'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['G11.427.410.568.800', 'G11.427.410.698.277.875', 'I03.350.875', 'I03.450.642.845.945.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Personalismo and breaking barriers: accessing Hispanic populations for clinical services and research.
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Thirteen percent of Hispanic households provide care to an adult aged 50 or older, but given their dramatic population growth, an increasingly large number of families will soon be placed in a caregiving role. The purpose of this study was to determine whether Hispanic caregivers could be accessed through local provider groups, with the goal of generating interventions to decrease caregiver burden. Study findings raise Anglo nurses' awareness of the need for staff who share the values and language of diverse subgroups. Second, they confirm the presence of male caregivers, sons who alone provide personal care to a parent. Lastly, the effect of empathetic, informal interactions and personal stories in communication with Hispanics cannot be overstated. We believe that our findings are of interest to clinicians who help Hispanic families access community care agencies and, conversely, will help community agencies identify families who need assistance and clinical researchers who are seeking study participants.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Arizona', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Attitude to Health', 'Caregivers', 'Communication', 'Cost of Illness', 'Cultural Diversity', 'Dementia', 'Empathy', 'Family', 'Female', 'Focus Groups', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Health Services Needs and Demand', 'Hispanic Americans', 'Home Nursing', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', "Nurse's Role", 'Nursing Methodology Research', 'Professional-Family Relations', 'Qualitative Research']
| 17,982,809
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.100'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['M01.085', 'M01.526.485.200', 'N02.360.200'], ['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['N03.219.151.165', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.182', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.046'], ['I01.076.201.450.350', 'I01.880.853.100.450'], ['C10.228.140.380', 'F03.615.400'], ['F01.752.355', 'F01.752.543.500.500'], ['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['E05.318.308.112', 'N05.715.360.300.269', 'N06.850.520.308.112'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['N03.349.380.420', 'N05.300.450'], ['M01.686.754.441'], ['E02.760.611.470', 'N02.421.143.524.470', 'N02.421.533.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.829.316.616.625.450', 'N05.300.100.337'], ['H01.770.644.145.390.634', 'H02.478.395.634', 'N04.590.233.508.613.634'], ['F01.829.401.550'], ['H01.770.644.241.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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| 1
| 1
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