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[Influence of various physical factors on the developmental capacities of the ovum of Artemia salina].
|
Artemia salina dry eggs exhibit a great resistance to different physical factors: acceleration and vibration, low temperature, high vacuum and magnetic fields. Vibration test, alone or combined with acceleration test decreases the Artemia salina egg developmental capacity. Nevertheless, the differences are small and much lower than those observed in previous space experiments. The viability of Artemia eggs is not impaired by low temperature, high vacuum exposure and by high magnetic fields (15, 25 and 150 Koersted) or by earth magnetic field shielding.
|
['Acceleration', 'Animals', 'Atmospheric Pressure', 'Crustacea', 'Electromagnetic Fields', 'Electromagnetic Phenomena', 'Female', 'Ovum', 'Temperature', 'Vibration']
| 140,753
|
[['G01.482.107'], ['B01.050'], ['G16.500.750.274', 'N06.230.300.100.185'], ['B01.050.500.131.365'], ['G01.358.500.260', 'G01.358.750.500'], ['G01.358.500'], ['A05.360.490.690', 'A11.497.497', 'A16.690'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['G01.374.930']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
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Electron transfer reactions in the alkene mono-oxygenase complex from Nocardia corallina B-276.
|
Nocardia corallina B-276 possesses a multi-component enzyme, alkene mono-oxygenase (AMO), that catalyses the stereoselective epoxygenation of alkenes. The reductase component of this system has been shown by EPR and fluorescence spectroscopy to contain two prosthetic groups, an FAD centre and a [2Fe-2S] cluster. The role of these centres in the epoxygenation reaction was determined by midpoint potential measurements and electron transfer kinetics. The order of potentials of the prosthetic groups of the reductase were FAD/FAD.=-216 mV, [2Fe-2S]/[2Fe-2S].=-160 mV and FAD./FAD.=-134 mV. Combined, these data implied that the reductase component supplied the energy required for the epoxygenation reaction and allowed a prediction of the mechanism of electron transfer within the AMO complex. The FAD moiety was reduced by bound NADH in a two-electron reaction. The electrons were then transported to the [2Fe-2S] centre one at a time, which in turn reduced the di-iron centre of the epoxygenase. Reduction of the di-iron centre is required for oxygen binding and substrate oxidation.
|
['Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Electron Transport', 'Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide', 'Kinetics', 'Nocardia', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Oxidoreductases', 'Oxygenases', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet']
| 10,085,230
|
[['E05.196.867.519.274'], ['G02.111.248', 'G03.295.531.403', 'G03.493.350'], ['D03.633.100.733.315.650.249', 'D03.633.100.759.646.138.506', 'D03.633.300.507.650.249', 'D08.211.474.650.249', 'D13.695.667.138.506', 'D13.695.827.068.506', 'D23.767.405.650.249'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['B03.510.024.981.550'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D08.811.682'], ['D08.811.682.690'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
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| 1
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Feasibility and effectiveness of a lifestyle intervention after complicated pregnancies to improve risk factors for future cardiometabolic disease.
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OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of a postpartum lifestyle intervention after pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction (FGR) and/or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) to improve maternal risk factors for future cardiometabolic disease.METHODS: Women following a complicated pregnancy were included six months postpartum in this specific pre-post controlled designed study. It has been conducted in one tertiary and three secondary care hospitals (intervention group) and one secondary care hospital (control group). The program consisted of a computer-tailored health education program combined with three individual counselling sessions during seven months. Primary outcome measures were the proportion of eligible women and weight change during the intervention.RESULTS: Two hundred and six women were willing to participate. The proportion of eligible women who complied with the intervention was 23%. Major barrier was lack of time. Adjusted weight change attributed to lifestyle intervention was -1.9 kg (95%-CI -4.3 to -0.3). Further changes were BMI (-0.9 kg/m2 (95%-CI -1.4 to -0.3)), waist-to-hip ratio (-0.04 cm/cm (95%-CI -0.06 to -0.03)), blood pressure medication use (19% (95%-CI 9% to 28%)), HOMA2-score (59 %S (95%-CI 18 to 99)) and total fat intake (-2.9 gr (95%-CI -4.6 to -1.2)).CONCLUSIONS: The results support feasibility and effectiveness of a lifestyle intervention after complicated pregnancies to improve maternal cardiometabolic risk factors. Further randomized controlled studies are needed with longer follow-up to evaluate durability. In the meantime, we suggest health care professionals to offer lifestyle interventions to women after complicated pregnancies.
|
['Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Diabetes, Gestational', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Female', 'Fetal Growth Retardation', 'Healthy Lifestyle', 'Humans', 'Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'Postnatal Care', 'Postpartum Period', 'Pre-Eclampsia', 'Pregnancy', 'Risk Factors']
| 30,825,935
|
[['C14'], ['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['C13.703.170', 'C18.452.394.750.448', 'C19.246.200'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['C13.703.277.370', 'C16.300.390', 'C23.550.393.450'], ['F01.829.458.205'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.250'], ['E02.760.703.500', 'N02.421.143.620.550.500', 'N02.421.585.703.500'], ['G08.686.702'], ['C13.703.395.249'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
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| 0
| 1
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|
HIV awareness in China among women of reproductive age (1997-2005): a decomposition analysis.
|
HIV prevalence in China is less than one per cent, but the absolute number of people living with HIV/AIDS is large and growing. Given the limited scope of any potential cure for HIV, prevention plays a crucial role in controlling the epidemic. This paper examines the evolution of HIV awareness among women in China between 1997 and 2005. A regression decomposition analysis technique was used to disentangle the two main components driving a change in HIV awareness. The results show that HIV awareness has increased over time in China. The gaps between groups are narrowing over time and lower HIV awareness groups are catching up with the higher awareness groups. In 2005 education remained one of the main factors associated with HIV awareness, the other main factors being ethnicity, exposure to TV and newspapers. The increases in HIV awareness observed between 1997 and 2001 are similar between groups of women with different demographic characteristics, whereas between 2003 and 2005 increases are more pronounced among specific groups of women such as women from rural areas, women from Western parts of the country, women who belong to ethnic minorities and those with no education or with only primary education. The results suggest that the main driver of the observed change in HIV awareness over time in China is change in the environment such as in political commitment, interventions and campaigns rather than change in population structure.
|
['Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Awareness', 'China', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Prevalence']
| 23,830,139
|
[['C01.221.250.875.040', 'C01.221.812.640.400.040', 'C01.778.640.400.040', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.040', 'C01.925.813.400.040', 'C01.925.839.040', 'C20.673.480.040'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F02.463.188.150'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
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| 1
|
Revision posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using a modified tibial-inlay double-bundle technique.
|
BACKGROUND: Revision of an unsuccessful posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction is a complicated clinical procedure with an outcome that may be less satisfactory than that after a typical primary PCL reconstruction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reasons for failure of primary PCL reconstructions and to determine the clinical outcomes of revision PCL reconstruction after a minimum of two years of follow-up.METHODS: Twenty-eight revision PCL reconstructions were performed by a single surgeon. Four cases that involved diverse operative procedures and two cases with a duration of follow-up of less than twenty-four months were excluded; the outcomes of the remaining twenty-two reconstructions were analyzed at the time of the latest follow-up (at least twenty-four months postoperatively). A technique involving a double femoral tunnel, a modified tibial inlay, and Achilles tendon allograft was used in all twenty-two of these revision reconstructions. Seventeen patients (77%) underwent concomitant reconstruction of posterolateral corner structures. Knee stability was measured with use of posterior stress radiography as well as with a maximum manual displacement test utilizing a KT1000 arthrometer. The subjective International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and objective Orthop?dische Arbeitsgruppe Knie (OAK) scoring systems were used to evaluate the clinical outcome.RESULTS: Nine (41%) of the primary PCL reconstructions most likely failed because of a single factor and thirteen (59%) most likely failed because of multiple factors. The most common probable causes of failure were posterolateral rotatory instability (seventeen knees, 77%) and improper graft tunnel placement (nine knees, 41%). Side-to-side differences during posterior stress radiography improved from 9.9 ± 2.8 mm preoperatively to 2.8 ± 1.8 mm at the time of the latest follow-up (p < 0.001). The subjective and objective clinical scores at the latest follow-up evaluation were significantly better than the preoperative scores (p < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: Arthroscopic revision PCL reconstruction with use of the modified tibial-inlay double-bundle technique improved knee stability, as measured with posterior stress radiography and clinically, and outcomes. Associated posterolateral rotatory instability should be surgically corrected during PCL reconstruction to prevent graft failure resulting from abnormal opening of the lateral aspect of the tibiofemoral joint.
|
['Achilles Tendon', 'Adult', 'Arthroscopy', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Joint Instability', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Posterior Cruciate Ligament', 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures', 'Reoperation', 'Transplantation, Homologous', 'Treatment Failure', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 22,438,000
|
[['A02.880.176'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.388.250.070', 'E04.502.250.070', 'E04.555.113'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.550.521'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.513.514.600', 'A02.835.583.512.600', 'A10.165.669.514.600'], ['E04.680'], ['E04.690'], ['E04.936.864'], ['E01.789.800.760', 'N04.761.559.590.800.760', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.760'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Tetrodotoxin-resistant Na+ spikes of C fibers have at least two subtypes in the isolated bullfrog sciatic nerve.
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The C fiber compound action potentials (C-CAPs) were studied for their properties with the vaseline gap method from the isolated bullfrog sciatic nerve. Two components (the fast and the slow C-CAPs) were found to be Na+ dependent and tetrodotoxin-resistant. The conduction velocities of the fast and the slow C-CAPs were 0.61 +/- 0.06 m/s (n = 13) and 0.42 +/- 0.05 m/s (n = 8), respectively; their time constants were 11.4 +/- 1.7 m/s and 16.3 +/- 1/7 ms, respectively, with both parameters being significantly different at P < 0.01. The slow C-CAP had about 1.3 times higher threshold than that of the fast C-CAP, with a significant difference (P < 0.01). They showed differential sensitivity to lidocaine and Cd2+. Capsaicin reduced the amplitudes of both fast and slow C-CAPs, but not abolished. These findings indicate that C fibers have at least two subtypes with different properties.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Anesthetics, Local', 'Animals', 'Cadmium', 'Capsaicin', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Electrophysiology', 'Lidocaine', 'Nerve Fibers', 'Rana catesbeiana', 'Sciatic Nerve', 'Sodium', 'Tetrodotoxin']
| 9,014,168
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['D27.505.696.277.100.200', 'D27.505.696.663.850.025', 'D27.505.954.427.210.100.200'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.268.556.137', 'D01.268.956.061', 'D01.552.544.137'], ['D02.065.690.500', 'D02.455.326.271.690.222', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.099', 'D03.132.760.200', 'D10.251.355.325.190'], ['E05.723.402'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['D02.065.199.092.500', 'D02.092.146.113.092.500'], ['A08.675.542', 'A11.671.501'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.708.180'], ['A08.800.800.720.450.760'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['D03.633.100.786.910', 'D23.946.580.910']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Modeling and design of a cone-beam CT head scanner using task-based imaging performance optimization.
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Detection of acute intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is important for diagnosis and treatment of traumatic brain injury, stroke, postoperative bleeding, and other head and neck injuries. This paper details the design and development of a cone-beam CT (CBCT) system developed specifically for the detection of low-contrast ICH in a form suitable for application at the point of care. Recognizing such a low-contrast imaging task to be a major challenge in CBCT, the system design began with a rigorous analysis of task-based detectability including critical aspects of system geometry, hardware configuration, and artifact correction. The imaging performance model described the three-dimensional (3D) noise-equivalent quanta using a cascaded systems model that included the effects of scatter, scatter correction, hardware considerations of complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) and flat-panel detectors (FPDs), and digitization bit depth. The performance was analyzed with respect to a low-contrast (40-80 HU), medium-frequency task representing acute ICH detection. The task-based detectability index was computed using a non-prewhitening observer model. The optimization was performed with respect to four major design considerations: (1) system geometry (including source-to-detector distance (SDD) and source-to-axis distance (SAD)); (2) factors related to the x-ray source (including focal spot size, kVp, dose, and tube power); (3) scatter correction and selection of an antiscatter grid; and (4) x-ray detector configuration (including pixel size, additive electronics noise, field of view (FOV), and frame rate, including both CMOS and a-Si:H FPDs). Optimal design choices were also considered with respect to practical constraints and available hardware components. The model was verified in comparison to measurements on a CBCT imaging bench as a function of the numerous design parameters mentioned above. An extended geometry (SAD = 750 mm, SDD = 1100 mm) was found to be advantageous in terms of patient dose (20 mGy) and scatter reduction, while a more isocentric configuration (SAD = 550 mm, SDD = 1000 mm) was found to give a more compact and mechanically favorable configuration with minor tradeoff in detectability. An x-ray source with a 0.6 mm focal spot size provided the best compromise between spatial resolution requirements and x-ray tube power. Use of a modest anti-scatter grid (8:1 GR) at a 20 mGy dose provided slight improvement (~5-10%) in the detectability index, but the benefit was lost at reduced dose. The potential advantages of CMOS detectors over FPDs were quantified, showing that both detectors provided sufficient spatial resolution for ICH detection, while the former provided a potentially superior low-dose performance, and the latter provided the requisite FOV for volumetric imaging in a centered-detector geometry. Task-based imaging performance modeling provides an important starting point for CBCT system design, especially for the challenging task of ICH detection, which is somewhat beyond the capabilities of existing CBCT platforms. The model identifies important tradeoffs in system geometry and hardware configuration, and it supports the development of a dedicated CBCT system for point-of-care application. A prototype suitable for clinical studies is in development based on this analysis.
|
['Algorithms', 'Artifacts', 'Cone-Beam Computed Tomography', 'Fluoroscopy', 'Head', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Phantoms, Imaging', 'Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed', 'X-Rays']
| 27,025,783
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E05.047'], ['E01.370.350.700.810.810.490', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.399'], ['E01.370.350.700.225'], ['A01.456'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E05.599'], ['E07.671'], ['E07.913'], ['G01.358.500.505.970', 'G01.750.250.970', 'G01.750.750.918']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Imaging faces of shadowed magnetite (Fe(3)O(4)) crystals from magnetotactic bacteria with energy-filtering transmission electron microscopy.
|
We used energy-filtering transmission electron microscopy to image magnetite crystals isolated from uncultured magnetotactic bacteria. These magnetite crystals were shadowed in high vacuum with platinum at 45 degrees. The shadowed crystals were observed in a Zeiss (Thornwood, NY) CEM902 transmission electron microscope. Imaging shadowed crystals with inelastically scattered electrons provided information of the decoration pattern of small platinum particles over crystal surfaces, and thus information on surface characteristics of crystals. Results were comparable to those obtained from scanning electron microscopy using a field emitter gun. Electron energy loss spectra of the crystals as well as of the supporting film were recorded to evaluate variations of image contrast with energy losses. Results indicated that the contrast is attenuated with inelastic imaging and that the effect of contrast tuning caused a contrast inversion at a given point between 100 and 150 eV. We believe this approach can be useful for studying multilayered materials by transmission electron microscopy.
|
['Bacteria', 'Crystallization', 'Ferrosoferric Oxide', 'Iron', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Oxides']
| 10,469,468
|
[['B03'], ['E05.196.300', 'G02.171'], ['D01.490.100.375', 'D01.490.200.350', 'D01.578.285'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['D01.248.497.158.685', 'D01.650.550']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
5-HT6 receptors positively coupled to adenylyl cyclase in striatal neurones in culture.
|
5-HT receptor positively coupled to adenylyl cyclase in striatal neurones in culture does not correspond to the 5-HT4 receptor. 5-HT induces an increase in cAMP level with an EC50 of 125 nM. 5-HT agonists displayed the following rank order of potencies 5-HT > LSD > 5-MeOT > 5-CT. 8-OH-DPAT, RU 24969 and cisapride were inactive. The most efficacious antagonists were methiothepin and tricyclic antipsychotic drugs (clozapine, amitriptyline and nortryptyline). The pharmacological profile defined by both functional studies (cAMP level) and binding experiments ([125I]-LSD binding), and its localization in striatal neurones are in favour of the presence of the recently cloned 5-HT6 receptor in these cells.
|
['Adenylyl Cyclases', 'Animals', 'Antipsychotic Agents', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Corpus Striatum', 'Cyclic AMP', 'Lysergic Acid Diethylamide', 'Methiothepin', 'Mice', 'Neurons', 'Receptors, Serotonin', 'Serotonin Antagonists', 'Serotonin Receptor Agonists']
| 7,696,602
|
[['D08.811.520.650.200', 'D12.644.360.050', 'D12.776.476.050'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.331'], ['A11.251'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.395', 'D13.695.462.200', 'D13.695.667.138.395', 'D13.695.827.068.395'], ['D03.132.327.287.572.522', 'D03.633.400.439.572.522'], ['D02.886.680.350.520', 'D03.633.300.311.520'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.800', 'D12.776.543.750.695.800', 'D12.776.543.750.720.850'], ['D27.505.519.625.850.850', 'D27.505.696.577.850.850'], ['D27.505.519.625.850.800', 'D27.505.696.577.850.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Geopolymeric adsorbents from fly ash for dye removal from aqueous solution.
|
Adsorbents from coal fly ash treated by a solid-state fusion method using NaOH were prepared. It was found that amorphous aluminosilicate geopolymers would be formed. These fly ash-derived inorganic polymers were assessed as potential adsorbents for removal of some basic dyes, methylene blue and crystal violet, from aqueous solution. It was found that the adsorption capacity of the synthesised adsorbents depends on the preparation conditions such as NaOH:fly-ash ratio and fusion temperature with the optimal conditions being at 1.2:1 weight ratio of Na:fly-ash at 250-350 degrees C. The synthesised materials exhibit much higher adsorption capacity than fly ash itself and natural zeolite. The adsorption isotherm can be fitted by Langmuir and Freundlich models while the two-site Langmuir model producing the best results. It was also found that the fly ash derived geopolymeric adsorbents show higher adsorption capacity for crystal violet than methylene blue and the adsorption temperature influences the adsorption capacity. Kinetic studies show that the adsorption process follows the pseudo second-order kinetics.
|
['Adsorption', 'Carbon', 'Coal Ash', 'Coloring Agents', 'Environmental Restoration and Remediation', 'Particulate Matter', 'Polymers', 'Solutions', 'Water', 'Water Pollution']
| 16,626,729
|
[['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['D01.268.150'], ['D20.633.110'], ['D27.720.233'], ['N06.230.080.600', 'N06.850.460.375'], ['D20.633'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['D26.776'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925'], ['N06.850.460.790']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
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| 0
|
Effects of age and photoperiod on the responsiveness of the pituitary gland of the vole (Microtus agrestis) to stimulation by GnRH.
|
Male voles were raised from birth to 100 days of age in photoperiods of 16L:8D or 6L:18D. In the long photoperiod testes increased in size between 15 and 80 days of age, and there was an increase in seminal vesicle weight from 60 days of age. Spermatozoa were present in the testes at 60 days of age. In the short photoperiod testicular growth did not begin until 50 days of age with the seminal vesicles beginning to increase at 80 days of age. Spermatozoa were present in testes at 100 days of age. Pituitary secretion in vitro of LH and FSH in response to 1 pmol GnRH, as well as hypothalamic GnRH content, rose to peaks at 50 and 80 days of age respectively in animals exposed to long photoperiods. There was no change in pituitary secretion of FSH in response to GnRH stimulation in animals from the short photoperiod. However, pituitary release of LH in response to 1 pmol GnRH rose to a peak at 80 days of age. Hypothalamic GnRH content rose to a peak at 50 days of age and then declined. The relationship between the hypothalamic GnRH and the sensitivity of the pituitary to GnRH stimulation is compatible with the idea that GnRH can mediate its own receptor numbers.
|
['Animals', 'Arvicolinae', 'Follicle Stimulating Hormone', 'Hypothalamus', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Light', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Male', 'Organ Size', 'Pituitary Gland', 'Pituitary Hormone-Releasing Hormones', 'Seminal Vesicles', 'Sexual Maturation', 'Stimulation, Chemical', 'Testis']
| 3,080,597
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.288', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.288', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.288'], ['A08.186.211.180.497', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357'], ['E05.481'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['A06.300.747', 'A06.688.357.750', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.500', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.500', 'A08.713.357.750'], ['D06.472.699.327.740', 'D12.644.400.400.740', 'D12.644.548.365.740', 'D12.776.631.650.405.740'], ['A05.360.444.713'], ['G07.345.750.750', 'G08.686.841.750'], ['G07.690.773.996'], ['A05.360.444.849', 'A05.360.576.782', 'A06.300.312.782']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Depressive disorder, coronary heart disease, and stroke: dose-response and reverse causation effects in the Whitehall II cohort study.
|
BACKGROUND: Systematic reviews examining associations of depressive disorder with coronary heart disease and stroke produce mixed results. Failure to consider reverse causation and dose-response patterns may have caused inconsistencies in evidence.DESIGN: This prospective cohort study on depressive disorder, coronary heart disease, and stroke analysed reverse causation and dose-response effects using four 5-year and three 10-year observation cycles (total follow up 24 years) based on multiple repeat measures of exposure.METHODS: Participants in the Whitehall II study (n = 10,036, 31,395 person-observations, age at start 44.4 years) provided up to six repeat measures of depressive symptoms via the 30-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-30) and one measure via Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The cohort was followed up for major coronary events (coronary death/nonfatal myocardial infarction) and stroke (stroke death/morbidity) through the national mortality register Hospital Episode Statistics, ECG-screening, medical records, and self-report questionnaires.RESULTS: GHQ-30 caseness predicted stroke over 0-5 years (age-, sex- and ethnicity-adjusted HR 1.60, 95% CI 1.1-2.3) but not over 5-10 years (HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.6-1.4). Using the last 5-year observation cycle, cumulative GHQ-30 caseness was associated with incident coronary heart disease in a dose-response manner (1-2 times a case: HR 1.12, 95% CI 0.7-1.7; 3-4 times: HR 2.06, 95% CI 1.2-3.7), and CES-D caseness predicted coronary heart disease (HR 1.81, 95% CI 1.1-3.1).CONCLUSIONS: There was evidence of a dose-response effect of depressive symptoms on risk of coronary heart disease. In contrast, prospective associations of depressive symptoms with stroke appeared to arise wholly or partly through reverse causation.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cause of Death', 'Coronary Disease', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Female', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'London', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Statistical', 'Prevalence', 'Prognosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Stroke', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Time Factors']
| 24,491,401
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.250', 'N01.224.935.698.100', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.250', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.250'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['F03.600.300'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['Z01.433.553', 'Z01.542.363.300.553'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Preemptive therapy for systemic and pulmonary human cytomegalovirus infection in lung transplant recipients.
|
The incidence and treatment of both systemic and pulmonary human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection as well as HCMV-specific T-cell immune responses were investigated in 57 consecutive lung transplant recipients (LTR) by using as cutoffs for preemptive therapy: 300 000 DNA copies/mL whole blood for systemic infections and 100 000 DNA copies/mL bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for lung infections. Results showed that out of 29/57 LTR (50.9%) needing preemptive antiviral therapy, 15 (51.7%) reached the blood cutoff, 8 (27.6%) the pulmonary cutoff and 6 (20.7%) both the blood and the lung cutoff (3 simultaneously and 3 subsequently). Recovery of HCMV-specific T-cell immune responses was achieved much earlier for CD8+ than CD4+ T cells. However, protection from HCMV reactivation was conferred by the presence of both arms of the T-cell response. In two LTR reaching the pulmonary cutoff and not preemptively treated, a full HCMV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell response was associated with resolution of lung infection. Antirejection steroid therapy suppressed T-cell immune responses, thus facilitating HCMV reactivation. In conclusion, in LTR, monitoring HCMV infection in both blood and lungs, may improve preemptive therapy efficacy. In addition, monitoring the HCMV-specific T-cell immune response appears useful for predicting control of HCMV infection in the posttransplant period.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adrenal Cortex Hormones', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Cytomegalovirus', 'Cytomegalovirus Infections', 'Female', 'Heart-Lung Transplantation', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppression', 'Lung Diseases', 'Lung Transplantation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pneumonia, Viral', 'Postoperative Complications', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Young Adult']
| 19,422,339
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D06.472.040'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220'], ['B04.280.382.150.150'], ['C01.925.256.466.245'], ['E04.100.376.475.450', 'E04.928.220.390.450', 'E04.928.600.495.450', 'E04.936.450.475.450', 'E04.936.450.495.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.465.425.450', 'E05.478.610'], ['C08.381'], ['E04.928.600.495', 'E04.936.450.495'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.748.610.763', 'C01.925.705', 'C08.381.677.807', 'C08.730.610.763'], ['C23.550.767'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Readiness redefined: a behavioral task during screening predicted 1-year weight loss in the look AHEAD study.
|
OBJECTIVE: Predicting outcome in weight loss trials from baseline characteristics has proved difficult. Readiness to change is typically measured by self-report.METHODS: Performance of a behavioral task, completion of food records, from the screening period in the Look AHEAD study (n = 549 at four clinical centers) was assessed. Completeness of records was measured by the number of words and Arabic numerals (numbers) recorded per day, the number of eating episodes per day, and days per week where physical activity was noted. The primary outcome was weight loss at one year.RESULTS: In univariable analysis, both the number of words recorded and the number of numbers recorded were associated with greater weight loss. In multivariable analysis, individuals who recorded 20-26, 27-33, and ?34 words per day lost 9.12%, 11.40%, and 12.08% of initial weight, compared to 8.98% for individuals who recorded less than 20 words per day (P values of 0.87, 0.008, and <0.001, respectively, compared to <20 words per day).CONCLUSIONS: Participants who kept more detailed food records at screening lost more weight after 1 year than individuals who kept sparser records. The use of objective behavioral screening tools may improve the assessment of weight loss readiness.
|
['Aged', 'Decision Support Techniques', 'Diet Records', 'Exercise', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mass Screening', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Obesity', 'Patient Participation', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'Self Report', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Weight Loss', 'Weight Reduction Programs']
| 24,151,217
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.245', 'L01.313.500.750.190'], ['N04.452.859.360'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.620', 'F01.145.488.887.500.620', 'N02.421.143.212.300', 'N03.540.245.360.300', 'N05.300.150.800.500.620'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500'], ['E05.318.308.980.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.500'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C23.888.144.243.963', 'G07.345.249.314.120.200.963'], ['I02.233.332.445.650', 'N02.421.726.407.579.650']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Impact of experience when using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment to assess postural risk in children using information and communication technologies.
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The Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) is an observation-based screening tool that has been used to assess postural risks of children in school settings. Studies using eye-tracking technology suggest that visual search strategies are influenced by experience in the task performed. This study investigated if experience in postural risk assessments contributed to differences in outcome scores on the RULA and the visual search strategies utilized. While wearing an eye-tracker, 16 student occupational therapists and 16 experienced occupational therapists used the RULA to assess 11 video scenarios of a child using different mobile information and communication technologies (ICT) in the home environment. No significant differences in RULA outcome scores, and no conclusive differences in visual search strategies between groups were found. RULA can be used as a screening tool for postural risks following a short training session regardless of the assessor's experience in postural risk assessments.
|
['Adolescent', 'Arm', 'Child', 'Computers, Handheld', 'Eye Movement Measurements', 'Fixation, Ocular', 'Hand', 'Head', 'Humans', 'Microcomputers', 'Observer Variation', 'Occupational Therapy', 'Posture', 'Professional Competence', 'Risk Assessment', 'Video Recording', 'Wrist']
| 23,735,750
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['A01.378.800.075'], ['M01.060.406'], ['L01.224.230.260.550.500'], ['E01.370.380.230', 'E01.370.405.245.787'], ['G14.350.253'], ['A01.378.800.667'], ['A01.456'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.230.260.550'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.489', 'E02.831.489', 'H02.010.500'], ['G11.427.695'], ['I02.399.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['L01.280.960'], ['A01.378.800.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A dietary pattern protective against type 2 diabetes in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)--Potsdam Study cohort.
|
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this study was to identify a dietary pattern associated with diabetes-related biomarkers and to investigate whether this pattern is associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes.METHODS: A nested case-control study of 192 cases of incident type 2 diabetes and 382 control subjects matched for sex and age was conducted. All subjects were participants in the population-based European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam Study. Dietary pattern score was derived using intake data on 48 food groups as exposure variables and the biomarkers HbA1c, HDL cholesterol, C-reactive protein and adiponectin as response variables in reduced rank regression. The association of the score with diabetes risk was estimated by conditional logistic regression analysis.RESULTS: A high score for the identified dietary pattern was characterised by a high intake of fresh fruit and a low intake of high-caloric soft drinks, beer, red meat, poultry, processed meat, legumes and bread (excluding wholegrain bread). Subjects with high scores had high plasma concentrations of HDL cholesterol and adiponectin and low plasma concentrations of HbA1c and C-reactive protein. After multivariate adjustment, the odds ratios for type 2 diabetes across increasing quintiles of the dietary pattern score were 1.0, 0.59, 0.51, 0.26 and 0.27, respectively (p = 0.0006 for trend).CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: A high score for the identified dietary pattern is associated with a more favourable biomarker profile and a substantially reduced incidence of type 2 diabetes.
|
['Adiponectin', 'Body Mass Index', 'C-Reactive Protein', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Diet', 'Educational Status', 'Energy Intake', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Leisure Activities', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Reference Values', 'Smoking']
| 15,889,235
|
[['D06.472.699.042.249', 'D12.644.276.024.249', 'D12.644.548.011.249', 'D12.776.467.024.249', 'D23.529.024.249'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['D12.776.034.145', 'D12.776.124.050.120', 'D12.776.124.486.157'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['N01.824.196'], ['G07.203.650.240.340'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276', 'D12.776.467', 'D23.529'], ['I03.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.978.810'], ['F01.145.805']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Comparison of diagnostic value between DR and MSCT in fracture and dislocation of foot and ankle].
|
OBJECTIVE: To compare the diagnostic value between digital photography (DR) and multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT) in fracture and dislocation of foot and ankle.METHODS: From August 2010 to August 2012, the DR and MSCT data of 52 patients with fracture and dislocation of foot and ankle were compared according to results of surgery or discharge diagnosis. There were 37 males and 15 females, aged from 15 to 49 years old. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used for statistical analysis.RESULTS: The results of 52 cases of MSCT were matched with the postoperative or discharge diagnosis. A total of 172 fractures were found on MSCT and 98 fractures were found on DR, the results had significant difference in detecting fracture (V=1 081, P<0.05); A total of 24 dislocations were found on MSCT and 16 dislocations were found on DR,the results also had significant difference in detecting dislocation (V=21, P<0.05). Fractures of 6 cases with DR diagnosis were corrected and located by MSCT.CONCLUSION: MSCT is significantly better than DR in diagnosis of fracture and dislocation of foot and ankle. The examination of two parts should be performed in DR. MSCT and multi-planar reconstruction (MPR) examination should be further performed if DR results are unclear or do not match with clinical symptoms, missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis can be avoided.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Ankle Injuries', 'Female', 'Foot Injuries', 'Fractures, Bone', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Joint Dislocations', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multidetector Computed Tomography', 'Photography']
| 24,134,022
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C26.558.100'], ['C26.558.300'], ['C26.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['C05.550.518', 'C26.289'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.350.810.800.500', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.800.500', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.800.500', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.800.249', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.800.249'], ['E01.370.350.600', 'E05.712']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Time course of myocardial bloodflow changes during healing of myocardial infarct in pigs.
|
OBJECTIVE: To define the time course of changes in bloodflow and microsphere content at intervals between one and 28 days after surgical ligation of the circumflex coronary artery.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: After the ligation, pigs were assigned to six groups; all pigs in a group were reanesthetized at either one, three, seven, 14, 21 or 28 days post ligation to determine myocardial bloodflow distribution using radionuclide-labelled (15 +/- 2 microns) microspheres.RESULTS: Bloodflow to the infarct zone, 10 mins post ligation, was 7.3 +/- 1.4% of the normal flow. At one and three days post occlusion, infarct bloodflow was about 50% of the 'normal', declining after day 7 to between 20 and 25%. Bloodflow in the noninfarct zone was significantly elevated during the initial 14 days, declining thereafter to within the normal range. Microspheres in the infarct zone injected prior to the occlusion became concentrated and were diluted in the noninfarct zone; the ratio of infarct:noninfarct microsphere content rose progressively, reaching a 2.5-fold rise by day 28.CONCLUSIONS: The initial stages of infarct healing are associated with a marked rise in bloodflow with a subsequent fall. A more prolonged augmentation of flow is evident in the noninfarct zone. Microspheres are useful in estimating the relative magnitude of changes in the myocardium accompanying the healing (shrinkage) of the infarct and hypertrophy occurring in the noninfarct zone after a coronary occlusion.
|
['Animals', 'Body Water', 'Cardiomegaly', 'Coronary Circulation', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Female', 'Male', 'Microspheres', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Myocardium', 'Swine', 'Time Factors']
| 1,422,997
|
[['B01.050'], ['A12.207.200'], ['C14.280.195', 'C23.300.775.250'], ['G09.330.100.324'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['E07.565'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
High level functions for the intuitive use of an assistive robot.
|
This document presents the research project ARMEN (Assistive Robotics to Maintain Elderly People in a Natural environment), aimed at the development of a user friendly robot with advanced functions for assistance to elderly or disabled persons at home. Focus is given to the robot SAM (Smart Autonomous Majordomo) and its new features of navigation, manipulation, object recognition, and knowledge representation developed for the intuitive supervision of the robot. The results of the technical evaluations show the value and potential of these functions for practical applications. The paper also documents the details of the clinical evaluations carried out with elderly and disabled persons in a therapeutic setting to validate the project.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Disabled Persons', 'Equipment Design', 'Humans', 'Robotics', 'User-Computer Interface', 'Validation Studies as Topic']
| 24,187,193
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['M01.150'], ['E05.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H01.671.293.643', 'J01.897.104.834', 'L01.224.050.375.630'], ['L01.224.900.910'], ['E05.337.925', 'N05.715.360.335.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Analgesia following femoral neck surgery. Lateral cutaneous nerve block as an alternative to narcotics in the elderly.
|
In a prospective controlled randomised trial on patients undergoing operative repair of fractured neck of femur via a lateral incision, the postoperative analgesic requirements of one group of patients who received a lateral cutaneous nerve block were compared with a second group who received no block. The former group were found to need significantly less intramuscular pethidine in the first 24 hours, and 44% required no supplementary analgesia whatsoever during this period. The time to first dose of opioid in the remainder was greatly increased. No untoward sequelae associated with the nerve block were seen.
|
['Aged', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Female', 'Femoral Neck Fractures', 'Fracture Fixation, Internal', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Meperidine', 'Nerve Block', 'Pain, Postoperative', 'Prospective Studies', 'Skin', 'Thigh', 'Time Factors']
| 3,896,019
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['C26.404.061.425.500', 'C26.531.750.500', 'C26.558.276.425.500'], ['E04.555.300.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.066.399.450', 'D03.383.621.349.450'], ['E03.155.086.711', 'E04.525.210.550'], ['C23.550.767.700', 'C23.888.592.612.832'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['A17.815'], ['A01.378.610.750'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Health technology assessment: what is it? Current status and perspectives in the field of electrophysiology.
|
Health technology assessment (HTA) is the multidisciplinary field of policy analysis that studies medical, social, ethical, and economic implications of the development, diffusion, and use of health technologies. Its worldwide diffusion needs to be understood in the context of evidence-based healthcare delivery policy, and it is strongly driven by the search for new cost-containment policies by the governments of universal healthcare systems. This article presents the three main pillars of HTA: evaluating comparative effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and organizational impact. While comparative analysis is more familiar to cardiologists, cost-effectiveness and organizational studies are less widely known because they expand the perspective of the evaluation to institutional settings and society at large and require significant inter-disciplinary work. Sound economic and organizational studies that extend comparative effectiveness studies may facilitate dialogue between medical science and policymaking.
|
['Biomedical Technology', 'Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac', 'Europe', 'Forecasting', 'Technology Assessment, Biomedical']
| 21,518,750
|
[['J01.897.120.050'], ['E01.370.370.380.245', 'E01.370.405.267'], ['Z01.542'], ['I01.320'], ['N03.880', 'N05.715.360.825']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Termiglaucescin, a new polyhydroxy triterpene glucoside from Terminalia glaucescens with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential.
|
Termiglaucescin (1), a new triterpene glucoside, has been isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the root bark of Terminalia glaucescens Planch. ex Benth, together with 11 known compounds, â-D-glucopyranosyl 2á,3â,6â-trihydroxy-23-galloylolean-12-en-28-oate (2), arjunglucoside I (3), sericoside (4), arjungenin (5), sericic acid (6), arjunetin (7), chebuloside II (8), 3,3',4-tri-O-methylelagic acid (9), 3,3'-di-O-methylelagic acid (10), â-sitosterol (11) and stigmasterol (12). Compounds 2, 3, 7, 8 and 9 are reported from the plant for the first time. The structures of the isolated compounds were characterized by spectroscopic data interpretations, especially 1D and 2D NMR. The triterpenic isolates showed potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
|
['Anti-Inflammatory Agents', 'Antioxidants', 'Biphenyl Compounds', 'Erythrocytes', 'Glucosides', 'Hemolysis', 'Humans', 'Lipoxygenase Inhibitors', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Molecular Structure', 'Phytotherapy', 'Picrates', 'Plant Extracts', 'Plants, Medicinal', 'Protein Denaturation', 'Saponins', 'Serum Albumin, Bovine', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Terminalia', 'Triterpenes']
| 27,997,356
|
[['D27.505.954.158'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.185'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['D09.408.348'], ['C23.550.403', 'G12.122.545'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.519.389.480'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['E02.190.755'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.566.690', 'D02.640.743.690'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['B01.650.560'], ['G01.154.651.750.500', 'G02.111.688.750.500'], ['D09.408.782'], ['D12.776.034.841.540', 'D12.776.124.727.875'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.228.583'], ['D02.455.849.919']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Single-layer closure for typhoid perforations of the small intestine: case report.
|
The case of a 13-year old girl who presented with generalised peritonitis, septic shock and laboratory features of perforated typhoid enteritis is presented. At laparotomy 25 perforations involving the distal jejunum and the entire ileum were noted with extensive peritoneal soilage. The perforations were successfully closed in single layer using vicryl (polyglactin 910) sutures and the peritoneum thoroughly lavaged. The patient has been followed up for thirty months with only minimal complications. We believe that single layer closure of extensive multiple typhoid perforations in a poor risk patient when weighed against resection and anastomosis with the possibility of short bowel syndrome is safer, quicker and more effective as long as the procedure is undertaken after adequate resuscitation and under appropriate antibiotic cover.
|
['Adolescent', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Ileal Diseases', 'Intestinal Perforation', 'Jejunal Diseases', 'Polyglactin 910', 'Suture Techniques', 'Typhoid Fever']
| 9,803,640
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.405.469.420'], ['C06.405.469.557'], ['C06.405.469.600'], ['D05.750.728.772', 'D25.720.728.772', 'J01.637.051.720.728.772'], ['E04.987.775'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.821.873']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Comparison of the effects of exercise with chondroitin sulfate on knee osteoarthritis in rabbits.
|
BACKGROUND: The aim of the study is to compare the effects of exercise therapy with chondroitin sulfate (CS) therapy in an experimental model of osteoarthritis (OA).METHODS: Twenty-one New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: normal group (N group, n = 3); OA control group (C group, n = 6); OA plus medication group (CS group, n = 6); and OA plus exercise group (E group, n = 6). Four weeks after modeling, the rabbits were subjected to exercise (artificial, 30 min/time, 4 times/week) or medicated with CS (2% CS, 0.3 ml/time, once/week) for 4 weeks. Histopathological changes in treated joints were examined after staining. X-ray and scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate the different therapies by examining the surfaces and joint spaces of the articular cartilage. RT-qPCR was used to assess chondrogenic gene expression including Col2, Col10, mmp-13, il-1â, adamats-5, and acan in the experimental groups.RESULTS: Histology showed both treatment groups resulted in cartilage that was in good condition, with increased numbers of chondrocytes, and the results of X-ray and scanning electron microscopy showed the therapeutic effect of exercise therapy is equivalent to CS therapy, surface articular cartilage was flat, and the of cartilage layer was thinning. All treated groups induced the expression of Col10 and Col2 and decreased expression of mmp-13, il-1â, and adamats-5 compared with the control groups. The expression of acan was upregulated in the E group and downregulated in the CS group. Furthermore, expression of Col10 was higher and il-1â was lower in the exercise group compared to that of the CS group.CONCLUSION: These results indicate that exercise has a positive effect on OA compare with CS, and it also supplies reference for the movement mode to improve function.
|
['Animals', 'Arthritis, Experimental', 'Cartilage, Articular', 'Chondroitin Sulfates', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Osteoarthritis, Knee', 'Physical Conditioning, Animal', 'Rabbits', 'Radiography']
| 29,357,891
|
[['B01.050'], ['C05.550.114.015', 'E05.598.500.249'], ['A02.165.407.150', 'A02.835.583.192'], ['D09.698.373.200.300'], ['G05.308'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['C05.550.114.606.500', 'C05.799.613.500'], ['G11.427.410.698.277.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['E01.370.350.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Expression and characterization of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of Dendrolimus punctatus tetravirus.
|
Dendrolimus punctatus tetravirus (DpTV) has been identified as a new member of the genus Omegatetravirus of the family Tetraviridae that may be related serologically to Nudaurelia capensis virus (NomegaV). To establish the function of DpTV RNA genome and to better understand the mechanism of viral replication, the putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) domain has been cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant protein was purified on a Ni-chelating HisTrap affinity column and demonstrated to initiate viral RNA synthesis in a primer-independent manner but not by terminal nucleotidyle transferase activity in the presence of Mg2+ and RNA template. Mutation of the GDD to GAA interferes with the residues at the polymerase active site and metal ions, and thus renders the polymerase inactive.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Blotting, Northern', 'Blotting, Western', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Genome, Viral', 'Insect Viruses', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'RNA Viruses', 'RNA, Viral', 'RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Virus Replication']
| 17,002,878
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.196.401.095', 'E05.301.300.074', 'E05.601.100'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['G05.360.340.358.840'], ['B04.525'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['B04.820'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.735.780'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['E05.393.751'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Noise assessment in intensive care units.
|
UNLABELLED: Intensive Care Units are environments with numerous noise sources. In different hospital environments it is recommended to have a sound pressure level between 35 and 45db(A).AIM: To measure the sound pressure levels in three ICU at a hospital in Jundia?, State of S?o Paulo, Brazil.STUDY DESIGN: Observational.MATERIALS AND METHODS: we used a Minipa model MSL1532C (USA) sound meter, according to the Brazilian Technical Standards (NBR 10151), in order to measure sound levels in the ICUs at different moments, that is, the morning, afternoon and night at peak times of activity.RESULTS: The values found during the checking of the sound pressure levels were 64.1dB (A) in the First ICU, 58.9 dB (A) in the Coronary Unit and 64dB (A) in the second ICU.CONCLUSION: High sound pressure levels in ICU still mean an important health-related problem for patients in these units. None of the three ICU pad levels above 85dB, showing that there is no occupational risk for the health care teams in the environments studied.
|
['Brazil', 'Health Facility Environment', 'Humans', 'Intensive Care Units', 'Noise', 'Reference Standards']
| 20,209,285
|
[['Z01.107.757.176'], ['N02.278.220', 'N05.300.430.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.388.493'], ['G01.750.770.776.567', 'G16.500.275.600', 'N06.230.400', 'N06.850.460.610'], ['E05.978.808']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
The Blood Clearance Kinetics and Pathway of Polymeric Micelles in Cancer Drug Delivery.
|
Polymer micelles are one of the most investigated nanocarriers for drug delivery; many have entered clinical trials and some are in clinic use, but their delivery systems have not yet shown the expected high therapeutic efficacy in clinics. Further understanding their in vivo behaviors, particularly how quickly and by what mechanism polymer micelles are cleared ( i. e., via micelles or unimers) once injected, is key to solving this dilemma. Herein, we hope to answer these questions for the clinically relevant polyethylene glycol- block-poly(å-caprolactone) (PEG-PCL) and PEG- block-poly(d,l-lactide) (PEG-PDLLA) micelles. A small fraction of the hydrophobic chain ends was conjugated with a pair of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) dyes, Cy5 and Cy5.5, and used to fabricate FRET micelles whose FRET efficiency was correlated to the percentage of polymer chains in the micelles, the micelle degree. In vitro, serum proteins induced PEG-PCL micelle dissociation to some extent; mouse serum or blood surprisingly did not induce micelle dissociation but once with shear applied by a microfluidic channel caused most PEG-PCL micelles dissociated. After intravenous administration in mice, the PEG-PCL or PEG-PDLLA micelles were quickly sequestered into the liver as unimers, and the micelle degree in the blood quickly decreased to about 20%. The FRET-imaging experiments showed that in blood vessels the micelles quickly dissociated into unimers, which were found associated with albumin in blood and in liver. Thus, it is concluded that, upon intravenous injection, the shear and the bloodborne proteins (particularly albumin) induced the most (?80%) PEG-PCL and PEG-PDLLA micelles to quickly dissociate into unimers, which were sequestered by Kupffer cells, while intact micelles were difficult to clear. These micelles were able to penetrate tumors and were very stable with cell membranes, but dissociated gradually inside cells. These findings on in vivo micelle fate and the clearance mechanism are directional for the rational design of polymer micelles for improved therapeutics; particularly, improving micelle stability in blood is the prerequisite for surface functionalizations such as introducing targeting ligands.
|
['Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Drug Delivery Systems', 'Female', 'Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer', 'Hep G2 Cells', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Lactones', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred ICR', 'Micelles', 'Neoplasms', 'Polyethylene Glycols', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 29,847,730
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['E02.319.300'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676.500', 'G01.154.240.280', 'G02.111.255.280'], ['A11.251.860.180.432', 'A11.436.348.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D02.540'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.510', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.510'], ['D05.374', 'D26.255.560'], ['C04'], ['D02.033.455.250.700', 'D05.750.741', 'D25.720.741', 'J01.637.051.720.741'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Interobserver Variation among Pathologists and Refinement of Criteria in Distinguishing Separate Primary Tumors from Intrapulmonary Metastases in Lung.
|
Multiple tumor nodules are seen with increasing frequency in clinical practice. On the basis of the 2015 WHO classification of lung tumors, we assessed the reproducibility of the comprehensive histologic assessment to distinguish second primary lung cancers (SPLCs) from intrapulmonary metastases (IPMs), looking for the most distinctive histologic features. An international panel of lung pathologists reviewed a scanned sequential cohort of 126 tumors from 48 patients and recorded an agreed set of histologic features, including tumor typing and predominant pattern of adenocarcinoma, thereby opining whether the case was SPLC, IPM, or a combination thereof. Cohen ê statistics of 0.60 on overall assessment of SPLC or IPM indicated a good agreement. Likewise, there was good agreement (ê score 0.64, p < 0.0001) between WHO histologic pattern in individual cases and SPLC or IPM status, but the proportions diversified for histologic pattern and SPLC or IPM status (McNemar test, p < 0.0001). The strongest associations for distinguishing between SPLC and IPM were observed for nuclear pleomorphism, cell size, acinus formation, nucleolar size, mitotic rate, nuclear inclusions, intraalveolar clusters, and necrosis. Conversely, the associations for lymphocytosis, mucin content, lepidic growth, vascular invasion, macrophage response, clear cell change, acute inflammation keratinization, and emperipolesis did not reach significance with tumor extent. Comprehensive histologic assessment is recommended for distinguishing SPLC from IPM with good reproducibility among lung pathologists. In addition to main histologic type and predominant patterns of histologic subtypes, nuclear pleomorphism, cell size, acinus formation, nucleolar size, and mitotic rate strongly correlate with pathologic staging status.
|
['Female', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Observer Variation', 'Pathologists']
| 29,127,023
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['M01.526.485.810.746', 'N02.360.810.746']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Validity of women's self-reports of cancer screening test utilization in a managed care population.
|
This study was undertaken to examine the validity of self-reported data on breast and cervical cancer screening behavior. An abbreviated version of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System telephone survey, including questions on mammography, clinical breast examination (CBE), and Papanicolaou test utilization, was administered to a sample of 480 women aged 40-74 years, enrolled in Kaiser Permanente Colorado for at least 5 years. Screening information reported in the telephone interview was compared with that abstracted from respondents' medical records. The vast majority of women had a mammogram, CBE, and Pap test according to both self-report and medical record. Sensitivity for determining whether her last test was within 2 years (3 years for Pap test) exceeded 95% for all, whereas specificities were <55%. The percentage of overall agreement between self-reported and recorded information was 88.4% (kappa = 0.62) for mammography, 87.9% (kappa = 0.45) for CBE, and 87.2% (kappa = 0.54) for Pap test. Pearson correlations between self-reported and recorded information for specific time interval since most recent mammogram, CBE, and Pap test were 0.72, 0.58, and 0.65, respectively. Correlation increased greatly when time interval was allowed to vary by +/-1 year. In most cases of disagreement, the self-report underestimated the time since last screening. These results suggest that self-reporting of breast and cervical cancer screening is fairly accurate in this managed care population, although women tend to underestimate the time since their last screening.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Mammography', 'Managed Care Programs', 'Mass Screening', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Compliance', 'Physical Examination', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Risk Factors', 'Truth Disclosure', 'Uterine Cervical Neoplasms']
| 14,652,278
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.700.500'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.800', 'N04.590.374.410'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.600', 'F01.145.488.887.500.600', 'N05.300.150.800.500.600'], ['E01.370.600'], ['N04.761.700.350.650', 'N05.700.350.650'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.829.401.046.800', 'I01.880.604.583.080.134.800'], ['C04.588.945.418.948.850', 'C13.351.500.852.593.131', 'C13.351.500.852.762.850', 'C13.351.937.418.875.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
DNA binding, photo-induced DNA cleavage and cytotoxicity studies of lomefloxacin and its transition metal complexes.
|
This work was focused on a study of the DNA binding and cleavage properties of lomefloxacin (LMF) and its ternary transition metal complexes with glycine. The nature of the binding interactions between compounds and calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) was studied by electronic absorption spectra, fluorescence spectra and thermal denaturation experiments. The obtained results revealed that LMF and its complexes could interact with CT-DNA via partial/moderate intercalative mode. Furthermore, the DNA cleavage activities of the compounds were investigated by gel electrophoresis. Mechanistic studies of DNA cleavage suggest that singlet oxygen ((1)O2) is likely to be the cleaving agent via an oxidative pathway, except for Cu(II) complex which proceeds via both oxidative and hydrolytic pathways. Antimicrobial and antitumor activities of the compounds were also studied against some kinds of bacteria, fungi and human cell lines.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Infective Agents', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Bacteria', 'Cattle', 'Cell Death', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Coordination Complexes', 'DNA', 'DNA Cleavage', 'Electrons', 'Electrophoresis, Agar Gel', 'Ethidium', 'Fluoroquinolones', 'Fungi', 'Humans', 'Light', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Nucleic Acid Denaturation', 'Plasmids', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Temperature', 'Transition Elements']
| 25,541,395
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['B03'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['G04.146'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D01.234', 'D02.257'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G02.111.210', 'G05.193'], ['G01.249.335', 'G01.358.500.750'], ['E05.196.401.153', 'E05.301.300.100'], ['D03.633.300.633.416'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322'], ['B01.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['E05.393.640', 'G02.111.603', 'G05.627'], ['G05.360.600'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['D01.268.956']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Genotypic diversity and cariogenicity of Candida albicans from children with early childhood caries and caries-free children.
|
BACKGROUND: The genotypic diversity and cariogenicity of C. albicans from the dental plaque of children are poorly understood. This study aimed to explore the genotypic diversity and cariogenicity of C. albicans from children with early childhood caries and caries-free children.METHODS: Dental plaque samples from 238 children with early childhood caries and from 125 caries-free children were collected for C. albicans isolation. A PCR method based on 25S rDNA was used to analyze C. albicans genotypes, and the strains with different genotypes were tested with regard to acidogenicity and aciduricity.RESULTS: Among 129 C. albicans isolates, 79 (61.2 %) belonged to genotype A. The distribution frequency of genotypes A and C or genotypes B and C showed no significant difference between children with early childhood caries and caries-free children (p = 0.178 and 0.148), whereas genotypes A and B exhibited significantly different distributions (p = 0.010). No significant differences in aciduricity were found among the three genotypes, but the acidogenicity of genotypes B and C differed significantly from that of genotype A at pH 4.0.CONCLUSIONS: The genotypic distribution of C. albicans is associated with the caries experience of children, and the genotype may be related to its acidogenicity at pH 4.0.
|
['Candida albicans', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Child, Preschool', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Dental Caries', 'Genotype', 'Humans']
| 26,576,955
|
[['B01.300.107.795.095.326', 'B01.300.381.147.326', 'B01.300.930.176.326'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['C07.793.720.210'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Expression of CD45RB functionally distinguishes intestinal T lymphocytes in inflammatory bowel disease.
|
The importance of CD45RB expression on T cells was already shown in mice where CD45RB(high) expression determines pathogenic potential. In this study, we analyzed the expression of CD45RA, CD45RB, and CD45RO on CD4(+) T lymphocytes in the intestinal mucosa and in the circulation of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In addition, we studied the cytokine profile of these cells. In the circulation, virtually all CD4(+)CD45RB(high) T cells expressed the naive marker CD45RA, and circulating CD4(+)CD45RB(low) cells expressed the memory marker CD45RO in IBD patients and a control patient population. In contrast, the intestinal CD4(+) CD45RB(high) T cells are in normal controls for 90% CD45RO(+). However, in IBD, 27.7% [Crohn's disease (CD)] and 49% [ulcerative colitis (UC)] of the intestinal CD4(+) CD45RB(high) T cells are CD45RA(+). This special CD4CD45RA(+) T cell in IBD can be found in the lamina propria as well as in lymphoid follicles (confocal laser-scanning microscopy). The CD4(+)CD45RB(high) T lymphocytes produce significantly less interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-4 and produce more tumor necrosis factor alpha than CD45RB(low) T lymphocytes in control patients. CD4(+)CD45RB(low) T cells from IBD patients produced less IL-10 than CD4(+)CD45RB(low) T lymphocytes of controls, and interferon-gamma production by both T lymphocyte subsets was decreased in IBD. These data indicate that CD and UC are characterized by an influx of CD4(+)CD45RB(high) T lymphocytes. These CD4(+)CD45RB(high) T lymphocytes seem to be important in the pathogenesis of IBD, as they produce more proinflammatory cytokines and less anti-inflammatory cytokines compared with CD4(+)CD45RB(low) T lymphocytes.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Colitis, Ulcerative', 'Crohn Disease', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-10', 'Interleukin-4', 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'Leukocyte Common Antigens', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Middle Aged', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 15,020,649
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C06.405.205.265.231', 'C06.405.205.731.249', 'C06.405.469.158.188.231', 'C06.405.469.432.249'], ['C06.405.205.731.500', 'C06.405.469.432.500'], ['G05.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.510', 'D12.776.467.374.465.510', 'D23.529.374.465.510'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.186', 'D12.776.467.374.465.178', 'D23.529.374.465.186'], ['A03.556.124.369', 'A10.615.550.444'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.775.400.100.500', 'D12.644.360.587.100.500', 'D12.776.476.592.100.500', 'D12.776.543.733.937.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Coordination numbers of hydrated divalent transition metal ions investigated with IRPD spectroscopy.
|
Hydration of the divalent transition metal ions, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn, with 5-8 water molecules attached was investigated using infrared photodissociation spectroscopy and photodissociation kinetics. At 215 K, spectral intensities in both the bonded-OH and free-OH stretch regions indicate that the average coordination number (CN) of Mn(2+), Fe(2+), Co(2+), and Ni(2+) is ~6, and these CN values are greater than those of Cu(2+) and Zn(2+). Ni has the highest CN, with no evidence for any population of structures with a water molecule in a second solvation shell for the hexa-hydrate at temperatures up to 331 K. Mn(2+), Fe(2+), and Co(2+) have similar CN at low temperature, but spectra of Mn(2+)(H(2)O)(6) indicate a second population of structures with a water molecule in a second solvent shell, i.e., a CN < 6, that increases in abundance at higher temperature (305 K). The propensity for these ions to undergo charge separation reactions at small cluster size roughly correlates with the ordering of the hydrolysis constants of these ions in aqueous solution and is consistent with the ordering of average CN values established from the infrared spectra of these ions.
|
['Ions', 'Kinetics', 'Photochemical Processes', 'Spectrophotometry, Infrared', 'Transition Elements', 'Water']
| 22,098,330
|
[['D01.248.497'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['G02.740'], ['E05.196.712.726.676', 'E05.196.867.826.676'], ['D01.268.956'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Temporal Trends in Overweight and Obesity, Physical Activity and Screen Time among Czech Adolescents from 2002 to 2014: A National Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children Study.
|
This study examines trends in overweight and obesity, physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST) among Czech adolescents over a recent 12-year study period. Nationally representative samples consisted of 19,940 adolescents (9760 boys and 10,180 girls) aged 10.5-16.5 years from the Czech Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) questionnaire-based surveys conducted in 2002, 2006, 2010 and 2014. Trends in the prevalence of overweight/obesity, meeting the recommendations for moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) (?60 min per day of MVPA) and excessive ST (>2 h per day) were estimated using logistic regression. Significant increases (p < 0.001) in the prevalence of overweight/obesity between the years 2002 and 2014 were evident for both adolescent boys (18.3%(2002)-24.8%(2014)) and girls (8.3%(2002)-11.9%(2014)). Compared to 2002, in 2014 significant decreases (p < 0.001) in meeting MVPA recommendations were observed among boys (32.2%(2002)-25.6%(2014)) and girls (23.2%(2002)-19.2%(2014)). Moreover, in boys we observed significant increases (p < 0.001) in excessive ST on weekdays (75.1%(2002)-88.8%(2014)), as well as on weekends (78.3%(2002)-91.9%(2014)) between the years 2002 and 2014. Increases in overweight/obesity with concomitant decreases in PA provide evidence in support of the current and upcoming efforts of government and commercial organizations in implementing interventions aimed at reducing excessive body weight among Czech adolescents.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Computers', 'Czech Republic', 'Exercise', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Obesity', 'Overweight', 'Prevalence', 'Time Factors']
| 26,393,638
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['L01.224.230.260'], ['Z01.542.248.395'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['C23.888.144.699', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The effects of BMY-14802 against L-DOPA- and dopamine agonist-induced dyskinesia in the hemiparkinsonian rat.
|
RATIONALE: L-DOPA continues to be the primary treatment for patients with Parkinson's disease; however, the benefits of long-term treatment are often accompanied by debilitating side effects known as dyskinesias. In recent years, several 5-HT1A receptor agonists have been found to reduce dyskinesia in clinical and experimental models of PD. The purported sigma-1 antagonist, BMY-14802 has been previously demonstrated to reduce L-DOPA induced dyskinesia in a 5-HT1A receptor dependent manner.OBJECTIVE: In the present study, we extend these findings by examining the anti-dyskinetic potential of BMY-14802 against L-DOPA, the D1 receptor agonist SKF81297 and the D2 receptor agonist, quinpirole, in the hemi-parkinsonian rat model. In addition, the receptor specificity of BMY-14802's effects was evaluated using WAY-100635, a 5-HT1A receptor antagonist.RESULTS: Results confirmed the dose-dependent (20 > 10 > 5 mg/kg) anti-dyskinetic effects of BMY-14802 against L-DOPA with preservation of anti-parkinsonian efficacy at 10 mg/kg. BMY-14802 at 10 and 20 mg/kg also reduced dyskinesia induced by both D1 and D2 receptor agonists. Additionally, BMY-14802's anti-dyskinetic effects against L-DOPA, but not SKF81297 or quinpirole, were reversed by WAY-100635 (0.5 mg/kg).CONCLUSION: Collectively, these findings demonstrate that BMY-14802 provides anti-dyskinetic relief against L-DOPA and direct DA agonist in a preclinical model of PD, acting via multiple receptor systems and supports the utility of such compounds for the improved treatment of PD.
|
['Animals', 'Antiparkinson Agents', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Dopamine Agonists', 'Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced', 'Levodopa', 'Male', 'Motor Activity', 'Parkinson Disease', 'Pyrimidines', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A', 'Receptors, Dopamine D1']
| 23,389,756
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.427.090.050'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D27.505.519.625.150.151', 'D27.505.696.577.150.151'], ['C10.228.662.262.500', 'C10.597.350.275', 'C10.720.312', 'C23.888.592.350.275', 'C25.100.750', 'C25.723.705.200'], ['D02.092.311.200.480', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.200.480', 'D12.125.072.050.685.400.500', 'D12.125.072.050.875.130.500'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['C10.228.140.079.862.500', 'C10.228.662.600.400', 'C10.574.928.750'], ['D03.383.742'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.800.100.100', 'D12.776.543.750.695.800.100.100', 'D12.776.543.750.720.850.100.100'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.400.400', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.400.400', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.400.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Serum zinc concentrations in Finns.
|
Serum zinc concentrations were measured in 1416 Finns aged 15 years and above and belonging to 18 population groups living in various parts of the country. The mean serum zinc concentration was for men 12.7 mumol/l (82 microgram/100 ml) and for women 11.7 mumol/l (77 microgram/100 ml). Zinc levels varied with sex, age, length of fast, time of day and geographic area. It is noted that the incidence of coronary heart disease, the occurrence of a number of elements in soil and water, and the zinc level in human sera can in a statistical sence be linked to soil composition in Finland. Causal relationships, however, remain obscure.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Coronary Disease', 'Fasting', 'Female', 'Finland', 'Glucose Tolerance Test', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Risk', 'Rural Population', 'Seasons', 'Sex Factors', 'Soil', 'Urban Population', 'Zinc']
| 567,420
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['F01.145.407.400', 'G07.203.650.240.587', 'G07.203.650.353.400'], ['Z01.542.816.186'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.355', 'E01.370.374.355', 'E05.200.124.100.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['N01.600.725'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['N01.600.900'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Synergism of theophylline and anticholinergics to inhibit haloperidol-induced catalepsy: a potential treatment for extrapyramidal syndromes.
|
Extrapyramidal syndromes (EPS) impose a heavy burden on patients receiving antipsychotic therapy. Anticholinergics are the drugs of choice for preventing EPS, but they also produce many adverse reactions. Using the EPS model of haloperidol-induced catalepsy we evaluated the potential therapeutic value of a mixture of low doses of the non-selective adenosine antagonist theophylline (0.93 and 1.86 mg/kg), and the muscarinic antagonists benztropine (0.134 and 0.268 mg/kg) and ethopropazine (0.116 and 0.232 mg/kg). In rats pretreated with vehicle (distilled water), the cumulative catalepsy time over 5 h was 4199±228 s, and the mean latency was 67.5±7.8 min. Applied separately, neither of the drugs at the doses used caused significant changes of catalepsy intensity vs. control rats. However, the combination of the larger doses of theophylline and benztropine caused a significant reduction of catalepsy intensity (-41±10%) compared with the effects of the vehicle, vs. the lower dose of benztropine, and vs. both doses of theophylline alone. The mixture of the larger doses of theophylline and benztropine also delayed catalepsy onset (156±21 min) as compared with the lower doses of these same drugs applied alone. In the case of theophylline plus ethopropazine, only the association of the larger doses showed a non-significant tendency to inhibit catalepsy (-21±8%) and to prolong its latency (108±13 min). Further, neither catalepsy intensity nor its latency was affected by a combination of the selective A(1)R antagonist DPCPX (1 mg/kg), with the larger doses of both anticholinergics. In contrast, the anticholinergics showed synergism with a subthreshold dose of the selective A(2A)R antagonist ZM 241395 (0.5 mg/kg), causing a significant reduction of catalepsy intensity (ethopropazine, -27±5%; benztropine, -35±9%) and prolonging its latency (ethopropazine, 65±9 min; benztropine, 78±11 min), compared with the effect of their respective vehicle (DMSO plus mineral oil: catalepsy time, 5100±196 s; latency, 17.5±2.5 min). These findings suggest that neuroleptic-induced EPS could be effectively controlled by a combination of lower doses of theophylline and anticholinergics, with the advantage of maximizing their efficacy and minimizing their adverse reactions.
|
['Animals', 'Basal Ganglia Diseases', 'Catalepsy', 'Cholinergic Antagonists', 'Drug Synergism', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Haloperidol', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Syndrome', 'Theophylline', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 20,713,114
|
[['B01.050'], ['C10.228.140.079'], ['C10.597.350.200', 'C23.888.592.350.200'], ['D27.505.519.625.120.200', 'D27.505.696.577.120.200'], ['G07.690.773.968.477'], ['E02.319.310'], ['D02.522.352.506'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['C23.550.288.500'], ['D03.132.960.751', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.751'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of bilateral olfactory bulbectomy on the anterior pituitary corticotropic cell activity in male rats.
|
Bilateral olfactory bulbectomy (OB) has drastic biochemical and behavioral effects and is often associated with an increase in plasma corticosterone concentrations. This experiment examined the effects of OB on adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and corticosterone release under basal and stress conditions and on proopiomelanocortin (POMC) gene expression. Bulbectomy potentiated hypophysal ACTH and adrenal corticosterone release induced by ether stress but had no effect on ACTH release under basal conditions, despite a significant increase of circulating corticosterone. POMC gene expression was stronger (+60%) in OB rats than in sham-operated rats. These results suggest that olfactory bulbectomy substantially altered the negative feed-back exerted by glucocorticoids on anterior pituitary corticotropic cells in the male rat.
|
['Adrenocorticotropic Hormone', 'Animals', 'Corticosterone', 'Feedback', 'Male', 'Olfactory Bulb', 'Pituitary Gland, Anterior', 'Pro-Opiomelanocortin', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley']
| 10,450,829
|
[['D06.472.699.327.935.531.500', 'D06.472.699.631.525.600.531.500', 'D12.644.400.400.935.531.500', 'D12.644.548.365.935.531.500', 'D12.644.548.691.525.690.531.500', 'D12.776.631.650.405.935.531.500'], ['B01.050'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.237', 'D06.472.040.585.353.237'], ['L01.906.394.211'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.388'], ['A06.300.747.500', 'A06.688.357.750.500', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.500.500', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.500.500', 'A08.713.357.750.500'], ['D06.472.699.327.935', 'D06.472.699.631.525.600', 'D12.644.400.400.935', 'D12.644.548.365.935', 'D12.644.548.691.525.690', 'D12.776.631.650.405.935', 'D12.776.811.800'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of e-liquids and their potential associations with nicotine, menthol and phthalate esters.
|
In this study, we determined DNA damage and chromosome breakage (indicators of genotoxicity) and cell viability (an indicator of cytotoxicity) in human lymphoblastoid TK6 and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells treated with 33 e-liquids using in vitro single cell gel (comet), micronucleus (MN), and trypan blue assays, respectively. We also measured the contents of nicotine, five phthalate esters, and DL-menthol in the e-liquids to examine their effects on DNA damage, chromosome breakage, and cell viability. Our chemical analyses showed that: (1) six e-liquids had nicotine ?2-fold higher than the manufacture's label claim (2-3.5 mg); (2) both dimethyl- and dibutyl-phthalate levels were >0.1 ìg/g, i.e., their threshold limits as additives in cosmetics; and (3) the DL-menthol contents ranged from 0.0003 to 85757.2 ìg/g, with those of two e-liquids being >1 mg/g, the threshold limit for trigging sensory irritation. Though all the e-liquids induced DNA damage in TK6 cells, 20 resulted in cell viabilities ?75%, indicating cytotoxicity, yet the inverse relationship between cell viability and DNA damage (r = -0.628, p = 0.003) might reflect their role as pro-apoptotic and DNA damage inducers. Fifteen e-liquids induced MN% in TK6 cells ?3-fold that of untreated cells. Some of the increase in %MN might be false due to high cytotoxicity, yet six brands showed acceptable cell viabilities (59-71%), indicating chromosome damage. DNA damage and %MN increased when the TK6 cells were exposed to metabolic activation. The CHO cells were less sensitive to the genotoxic effects of the e-liquids than the TK6 cells. DL-menthol was found to be associated with decreased cell viability and increased DNA damage, even at low levels. We cannot dismiss the presence of other ingredients in e-liquids with cytotoxic/genotoxic properties since out of the 63 different flavors, 47 induced DNA damage (?3-folds), and 26 reduced cell viability (?75%) in TK6 cells.
|
['Animals', 'CHO Cells', 'Cell Survival', 'Cricetinae', 'Cricetulus', 'DNA Damage', 'Dibutyl Phthalate', 'E-Cigarette Vapor', 'Esters', 'Humans', 'Menthol', 'Micronucleus Tests', 'Nicotine', 'Phthalic Acids']
| 32,058,129
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210.200', 'A11.436.155'], ['G04.346'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.250'], ['G05.200'], ['D02.241.223.805.225'], ['D26.255.165.055.173'], ['D02.241.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.033.415.510.500.605', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.211.750', 'D02.455.849.575.157.500', 'D10.289.510.500.605'], ['E05.393.560.598'], ['D03.132.760.570', 'D03.383.725.518'], ['D02.241.223.805']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Attenuation-based dual-fluorescent-protein reporter for screening translation inhibitors.
|
A reporter construct was created on the basis of the transcription attenuator region of the Escherichia coli tryptophan operon. Dual-fluorescent-protein genes for red fluorescent protein and cerulean fluorescent protein were used as a sensor and internal control of gene expression. The sequence of the attenuator was modified to avoid tryptophan sensitivity while preserving sensitivity to ribosome stalling. Antimicrobial compounds which cause translation arrest at the stage of elongation induce the reporter both in liquid culture and on an agar plate. This reporter could be used for high-throughput screening of translation inhibitors.
|
['Agar', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Culture Media', 'Escherichia coli', 'Fermentation', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'Genes, Reporter', 'High-Throughput Screening Assays', 'Luminescent Proteins', 'Micromonospora', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Operon', 'Peptide Chain Elongation, Translational', 'Protein Synthesis Inhibitors', 'Ribosomes', 'Siphoviridae', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Tryptophan']
| 22,252,829
|
[['D09.698.360.041'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G02.111.158.249', 'G03.191.249'], ['G05.308.300'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['E05.916.680'], ['D12.776.532'], ['B03.300.390.400.500.500', 'B03.510.024.925.500', 'B03.510.415.400.500.500', 'B03.510.460.410.500.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.360.340.024.686', 'G05.360.340.358.207.500'], ['G02.111.660.871.640', 'G03.734.871.640'], ['D27.505.519.389.760'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811'], ['B04.100.750', 'B04.123.150.800', 'B04.280.090.800'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['D12.125.072.050.850', 'D12.125.142.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Telemedicine Practices of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons in the United States: The Effect of Novel Coronavirus-19.
|
Introduction: The objectives of this study among facial plastic and reconstructive surgeons (FPRS), include (1) quantifying the use of telemedicine, (2) examining the impact of novel coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) on telemedicine practices, (3) highlighting the types of telemedicine employed, (4) anticipating how telemedicine will be utilized in the future, and (5) describing FPRS' attitudes and understanding of telemedicine technologies. Study Type: Cross-sectional survey. Methods: A 6-13 question survey was sent to the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery membership. Descriptive analyses were performed, along with a Fisher's exact test. Results: We received 100 responses from a diverse group of surgeons across the United States. Overall, 91% of responders utilize telemedicine, of which 76.9% began during the COVID-19 pandemic. 33.3% of responders thought that their platforms were not Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act compliant or were unsure. Of those that utilize telemedicine, the two biggest concerns were difficulties with physical examination (69.2%) and lack of human connection (44%). 75.8% of telemedicine utilizers plan to incorporate telemedicine into their practice moving forward. Of all responders, 71% believed that telemedicine will have a positive effect on the field of FPRS, although on univariate analysis those in practice >20 years were more likely to believe that there will be no effect or a negative effect (p = 0.014). Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of telemedicine among FPRS in the United States. The great majority of responders plan to incorporate telemedicine into their practice even after the pandemic subsides and believe that telemedicine will have a net positive effect on the field of FPRS.
|
['Attitude of Health Personnel', 'COVID-19', 'Coronavirus Infections', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Humans', 'Pandemics', 'Perioperative Care', 'Pneumonia, Viral', "Practice Patterns, Physicians'", 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures', 'Surgeons', 'Surgery, Plastic', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Telemedicine', 'United States']
| 33,054,375
|
[['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['C01.748.214', 'C01.748.610.763.500', 'C01.925.705.500', 'C01.925.782.600.550.200.163', 'C08.381.677.807.500', 'C08.730.214', 'C08.730.610.763.500'], ['C01.925.782.600.550.200'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.850.290.200.600'], ['E02.760.731', 'E04.604', 'N02.421.585.722'], ['C01.748.610.763', 'C01.925.705', 'C08.381.677.807', 'C08.730.610.763'], ['N04.590.374.577', 'N05.300.625'], ['E04.680'], ['M01.526.485.810.910', 'N02.360.810.910'], ['H02.403.810.788'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['H02.403.840', 'L01.178.847.652', 'N04.590.374.800'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Extensive integration field beyond the classical receptive field of cat's striate cortical neurons--classification and tuning properties.
|
Length- and width-summation curves of striate cortex cells revealed that there exist facilitatory, inhibitory or disinhibitory integration fields (IF) beyond the sides and ends of the classical receptive field (RF). The extent of the IFs is most frequently 2-5 times the size of the RFs. The tuning properties of IFs were studied using an annular surround grating patch while an optimal centre patch was placed at the excitatory RF to continuously activate the cell. The results show that, for most cells, the orientation, spatial frequency and speed tuning of the IFs were similar to, but broader than, the tuning of the RF, whereas the direction selectivity of the IF was not as pronounced as that of the RF. The possible functional significance of the IF is discussed.
|
['Animals', 'Brain Mapping', 'Cats', 'Evoked Potentials, Visual', 'Motion Perception', 'Neural Inhibition', 'Pattern Recognition, Visual', 'Rotation', 'Space Perception', 'Synaptic Transmission', 'Visual Cortex', 'Visual Fields']
| 7,975,275
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['G07.265.216.500.425', 'G11.561.200.500.425', 'G14.330'], ['F02.463.593.932.567'], ['G07.265.755', 'G11.561.616'], ['F02.463.593.524.500', 'F02.463.593.932.622'], ['G01.482.703'], ['F02.463.593.778'], ['G02.111.820.850', 'G04.835.850', 'G07.265.880', 'G11.561.830'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.571.735', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.953'], ['F02.463.593.932.934', 'G14.950']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Digital imaging and image analysis applied to numerical applications in forensic hair examination.
|
A method that provides objective data to complement the hair analysts' microscopic observations, which is non-destructive, would be of obvious benefit in the forensic examination of hairs. This paper reports on the use of objective colour measurement and image analysis techniques of auto-montaged images. Brown Caucasian telogen scalp hairs were chosen as a stern test of the utility of these approaches. The results show the value of using auto-montaged images and the potential for the use of objective numerical measures of colour and pigmentation to complement microscopic observations.
|
['Female', 'Hair', 'Hair Color', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Male', 'Microscopy', 'Models, Biological', 'Software']
| 21,334,579
|
[['A17.360'], ['G13.500', 'G16.690.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.515', 'E05.595', 'H01.671.617.562'], ['E05.599.395'], ['L01.224.900']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Immunosuppressive agents in childhood nephrotic syndrome: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
|
BACKGROUND: Many children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) relapse frequently and receive immunosuppressive agents. In this systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), the benefits and harms of these immunosuppressive agents are evaluated.METHODS: RCTs with outcome data at six months or more that evaluated noncorticosteroid agents in relapsing SSNS were included. A summary relative risk for relapse at 6 to 12 months was calculated using a random effects model.RESULTS: Seventeen trials involving 631 children were identified. Cyclophosphamide [3 trials; relative risk (RR) 0.44, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.26 to 0.73] and chlorambucil (2 trials; RR 0.13, 95% CI, 0.03 to 0.57) significantly reduced the relapse risk at 6 to 12 months compared with prednisone alone. In the single chlorambucil versus cyclophosphamide trial, there was no observed difference in relapse risk at two years (RR 1.31, 95% CI, 0.80 to 2.13). Cyclosporine was as effective as cyclophosphamide (1 trial; RR 1.07, 95% CI, 0.48 to 2.35) and chlorambucil (1 trial; RR 0.82, 95% CI, 0.44 to 1.53), but the effect was not sustained when cyclosporine was ceased. During treatment, levamisole (3 trials; RR 0.60, 95% CI, 0.45 to 0.79) was more effective than steroids alone, but the effect was not sustained.CONCLUSIONS: Cyclophosphamide, chorambucil, cyclosporine, and levamisole reduce the risk of relapse in children with relapsing SSNS compared with prednisone alone. Clinically important differences in efficacy among these agents are possible, and further comparative trials are still needed. Meanwhile, the choice between these agents depends on physician and patient preferences related to therapy duration and complication type and frequency.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adrenal Cortex Hormones', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Chlorambucil', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Cyclosporine', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Infant', 'Levamisole', 'Male', 'Nephrotic Syndrome', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'Recurrence', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 11,318,964
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D06.472.040'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.156'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.730.243', 'D02.705.672.500.243'], ['D04.345.566.235.300', 'D12.644.641.235.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['M01.060.703'], ['D02.886.675.346', 'D03.383.129.308.480', 'D03.383.129.708.346'], ['C12.777.419.630.643', 'C13.351.968.419.630.643'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Paternal inheritance of egg traits in mice: a case of genomic imprinting.
|
Eggs from reciprocal hybrids between the C57BL/6By and BALB/cBy strains were tested for their susceptibility to attack by hyaluronidase and pronase. There were significant reciprocal differences between the F1 females in the responses of their unfertilized eggs to both enzymes. The F1 hybrids from BALB mothers showed the increased susceptibility characteristic of C57BL whilst the F1 hybrids with C57BL mothers were more resistant to both enzymes, like BALB mice. Eggs from the four kinds of reciprocal F2 hybrid females also showed patroclinous patterns of susceptibility. A patroclinous difference was found between reciprocal crosses of the CXBD and CXBE recombinant inbred strains but not in crosses between recombinant inbred strains with similar phenotypes. Cross fostering did not alter the phenotypes of the C57BL and BALB females or those of their reciprocal F1 hybrids. The findings are interpreted in terms of differential genomic imprinting of paternally inherited information. The possible general usefulness of patroclinous differences between reciprocal F1 females in revealing differences in imprinting is noted.
|
['Animals', 'Crosses, Genetic', 'Fathers', 'Female', 'Genes', 'Hyaluronoglucosaminidase', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Ovum', 'Pedigree', 'Phenotype', 'Pronase']
| 2,620,820
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.393.281'], ['F01.829.263.500.320.100', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340.210', 'M01.620.390'], ['G05.360.340.024.340'], ['D08.811.277.450.529', 'D08.811.520.241.700.675'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['A05.360.490.690', 'A11.497.497', 'A16.690'], ['E05.393.673'], ['G05.695'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.680', 'D08.811.277.656.300.760.638', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.680', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.638']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of sevoflurane preconditioning on light-induced retinal damage in diabetic rats.
|
Hyperglycemia and bright light are powerful stress agents that produce an enhanced retinal damage, when simultaneously acting on retina. Previous studies have shown that preconditioning with sevoflurane anesthesia offers a certain degree of protection to retinal cells against light damage. The objective of this study was to explore the effect of sevoflurane anesthetic preconditioning on a model of light-induced retinal degeneration in diabetic rats. Wistar rats that were randomly divided into four groups: control (rats exposed to photostress), group 1 (rats exposed to photostress and sevoflurane preconditioning), group 2 (diabetic rats exposed to photostress), group 3 (diabetic rats exposed to photostress and sevoflurane preconditioning) were used for this experiment. We recorded basal electroretinogram (ERG), at 36 h and 14 days after photostress and performed histological analysis of the retina. Results showed that sevoflurane has a protective effect on light-induced neuroretinal degeneration proved by significantly less variations of the ERG before and after photostress. Diabetes appears to increase the damaging effect of photostress on retina and attenuate the protection provided by sevoflurane preconditioning.
|
['Animals', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'Electroretinography', 'Methyl Ethers', 'Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors', 'Random Allocation', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Retina', 'Sevoflurane']
| 29,796,431
|
[['B01.050'], ['C18.452.394.750.074', 'C19.246.240', 'E05.598.500.374'], ['E01.370.380.225', 'E01.370.405.270'], ['D02.355.601'], ['D27.505.954.502.780'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['A09.371.729'], ['D02.355.601.810', 'D02.455.526.510.717']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
EphB2 signaling-mediated Sirt3 expression reduces MSC senescence by maintaining mitochondrial ROS homeostasis.
|
Disruption of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) homeostasis is a key factor inducing UCB-MSC senescence. Accordingly, preventing mtROS accumulation will help in suppressing the UCB-MSC senescence. In this study, we observed that the expressions of EphrinB2 and EphB2 were inversely regulated by UCB-MSC passage-dependent manner. EphB2 signaling induced mitochondrial translocation of Sirt3. The knockdown of SIRT3 inhibited the effect of EphB2 signaling in UCB-MSCs. Subsequently, EphrinB2-Fc induced the nuclear translocation of Nrf-2 via c-Src phosphorylation dependent manner, and Sirt3 expression was regulated by Nrf-2. Among Sirt3 target genes, EphB2 signaling increased MnSOD and reduced the mtROS level in UCB-MSCs. Furthermore, the deacetylase effect of Sirt3 enhanced the MnSOD activity by deacetylation at the lysine 68 residue and therapeutic effect of UCB-MSCs on skin-wound healing was increased by EphB2 activation. In conclusion, the EphB2 can serve as a novel target for the optimizing the therapeutic use of UCB-MSCs in wound repair by MnSOD-mediated mtROS scavenging through EphB2/c-Src signaling pathway and Nrf-2-dependent Sirt3 expression.
|
['Animals', 'CSK Tyrosine-Protein Kinase', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cellular Senescence', 'Ephrin-B2', 'Fetal Blood', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Mesenchymal Stem Cells', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred ICR', 'Mitochondria', 'NF-E2-Related Factor 2', 'Phosphorylation', 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Receptor, EphB2', 'Signal Transduction', 'Sirtuin 3', 'Skin', 'Superoxide Dismutase', 'Wound Healing', 'src-Family Kinases']
| 28,687,409
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.800.158'], ['A11.251'], ['G04.043'], ['D12.644.276.500.700', 'D12.776.467.500.700', 'D12.776.543.287.700', 'D23.529.500.700'], ['A12.207.152.200', 'A15.145.300', 'A16.378.200'], ['G05.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.625', 'E04.936.225.687.625'], ['A11.329.830.500', 'A11.872.590.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.510', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.510'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['D12.776.260.108.737', 'D12.776.930.127.737'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.850.650', 'D12.776.543.750.630.500.500'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D08.811.277.087.520.200.650.600', 'D08.811.913.400.725.115.961.600', 'D12.776.476.900.600', 'D12.776.575.875'], ['A17.815'], ['D08.811.682.881'], ['G16.762.891'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Renal endosomal phosphate (Pi) transport in normal and diabetic rats and response to chronic Pi deprivation.
|
Chronic renal adaptation to dietary deprivation of Pi is accompanied by increased Na+/Pi co-transport across the brush border membrane of the renal proximal tubule. The increased activity of this co-transport system depends on de novo protein synthesis and insulin. The present study used normal and diabetic rats to determine if the endosomal pool of Na+/Pi co-transporters was altered by Pi deprivation and the possible role of insulin. In response to 5 days of dietary Pi deprivation there was a significant increase in endosomal Na+/Pi co-transport in control rats but there was no change in diabetic rats. The increase in endosomal Pi uptake was restored in diabetic rats treated with exogenous insulin. Na(+)-independent Pi uptake and proline uptake remained unchanged in all groups. The changes in endosomal Na+/Pi co-transport correlated with the abundance of the specific Na+/Pi co-transporter protein, as determined by Western blots. The pattern of endosomal changes paralleled that observed in brush border membranes. One possibility consistent with these findings is that the endosomal fraction contains newly synthesized Na+/Pi co-transporters targeted for delivery to the apical brush border membrane. Increased synthesis and delivery is required to maintain the adaptation to chronic Pi deprivation.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Transport', 'Blotting, Western', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'Endosomes', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Insulin', 'Male', 'Microvilli', 'Phosphates', 'Phosphorus', 'Phosphorus, Dietary', 'Proline', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Sodium', 'Urine']
| 9,075,331
|
[['B01.050'], ['G03.143'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['C18.452.394.750.074', 'C19.246.240', 'E05.598.500.374'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.880.337'], ['D27.505.696.422'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['A11.284.180.565'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374', 'D01.248.497.158.730', 'D01.695.625.675.650'], ['D01.268.666'], ['D01.695.635'], ['D12.125.072.401.623'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['A12.207.927']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of size hierarchy on surfacing behaviour and conversion rate in an air-breathing fish Channa striatus.
|
Effects of size hierachy on surfacing behaviour and food conversion rate in relation to density and feeding frequency were studied in Channa striatus. In general, crowding increased surfacing frequency in all the weight classes, but affected the food conversion rate of small individuals alone. At any tested density, conversion rate of smaller individual was depressed by the presence of larger individuals; increased feeding frequency did not compensate the negative effects of density. The possible reasons for growth inhibition are: (1) The smaller individuals spend much of their time and energy to escape from the aggressive larger ones than on feeding, and (2) the smaller individuals spend a considerable amount of assimilated food energy on increased surface activity. Unlike density, frequency of feeding improved the conversion rate of both the weight classes and it suggests that the larger individuals could compensate the negative effects of crowding by increased feeding.
|
['Animals', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Body Weight', 'Crowding', 'Energy Metabolism', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Fishes']
| 4,034,695
|
[['B01.050'], ['F01.145.113'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['F01.145.875.281'], ['G03.295'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['B01.050.150.900.493']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The age-dependent loss of cells from the rear of Dictyostelium discoideum slug is not tip controlled.
|
Young slugs of the cellular slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum drop small numbers of individual amoebae (approximately 10/mm) in the slime trail. With increased time of migration, slugs develop trailing tails and leave clumps of cells in their slime trails. Using reciprocal transplants between tips of young and old slugs and between a wild-type strain and an 'aged" mutant it was shown that this age-dependent cell loss is due to changes in the bulk of cells comprising the slug, rather than to changes in the effectiveness of the tip (organizer region). Another property of the slug, the decision to continue migrating or form a fruiting body which is controlled by the tip, was less affected by age. This raises the possibility that cell autonomous properties of the slug are more subject to ageing than is the tip.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Count', 'Dictyostelium', 'Locomotion', 'Time Factors']
| 7,264,552
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['B01.046.550.200.300'], ['G07.568.500', 'G11.427.410.568'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Insulin infusion reduces hepatocyte growth factor in lean humans.
|
OBJECTIVE: Plasma Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) is significantly elevated in obesity and may contribute to vascular disease, metabolic syndrome or cancer in obese individuals. The current studies were done to determine if hyperinsulinemia increases plasma HGF.MATERIALS/METHODS: Twenty-two participants (10 women/12 men, BMI 20.6-34.5 kg/m(2), age 18-49 years) underwent a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp with measurement of HGF at baseline and steady state. Relationships between baseline HGF, anthropometrics, triglycerides, liver enzymes, c-reactive protein and adiponectin were also evaluated.RESULTS: Fasting HGF was positively correlated (P<0.050) with weight (r=0.63), BMI (r=0.55), waist circumference (r=0.68), WHR (r=0.48), triglycerides (r=0.44), alanine aminotransferase (r=0.74) and ã-glutamyl transpeptidase (r=0.56), but not c-reactive protein or adiponectin. In stepwise regression, alanine aminotransferase and insulin sensitivity accounted for significant variation in fasting HGF. A significant effect of insulin to suppress HGF during the clamp (P=0.029) was found after adjustment for BMI. HGF was reduced 7% at steady state in the lean subjects only (437.1 ±57.8 vs 405.4±72.0 pg/ml; P=0.030).CONCLUSIONS: The positive correlation of HGF with hepatic enzymes suggests liver may be a significant source of circulating HGF in lean subjects. The strong correlation of plasma HGF with adiposity and the lack of an effect of insulin to increase HGF during the clamp in obese subjects suggest that adiposity, rather than elevated insulin levels, may be the major contributor to plasma HGF in obese subjects. Thus, a reduction in plasma HGF through weight loss is likely the best way to decrease comorbidities mediated by this angiogenic and mitogenic factor.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Body Mass Index', 'Down-Regulation', 'Female', 'Glucose Clamp Technique', 'Hepatocyte Growth Factor', 'Humans', 'Infusion Pumps', 'Insulin', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Thinness', 'Young Adult']
| 23,190,875
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.350', 'E05.196.500', 'E05.200.124.100.350'], ['D12.644.276.374.420', 'D12.776.467.374.420', 'D23.529.374.420'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.505', 'E07.858.082.505'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.888.144.828', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.828', 'G07.100.100.160.120.828'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[4-chloro-m-cresol-induced contractures of skeletal muscle specimen from patients at risk for malignant hyperthermia].
|
PURPOSE: 4-chloro-m-cresol (4-CmC), commonly used as preservative, has been shown to induce contractures in skeletal muscle specimens from individuals susceptible to malignant hyperthermia (MH). It has been suggested that a defect of the calcium release channel of the skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum (ryanodine receptor) in MH susceptible (MHS) patients could be responsible for this phenomenon. 4-CmC was found to be a potent activator of ryanodine receptor-mediated Ca2+ release. The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro effects of 4-CmC on muscle specimens from MHS and normal (MHN) patients, and whether contracture testing with different concentrations of 4-CmC could result in a more precise discrimination between MHS and MHN.METHODS: In this prospective study muscle biopsies were obtained from 40 patients with clinical suspicion of MH. The patients were first classified by the in vitro contracture test (IVCT) according to the European MH protocol. After MH classification, surplus muscle specimens were subjected to the 4-CmC study.RESULTS: Cumulative administration of 4-CmC (25, 50, 75, 100, 150, and 200 mumol/l) produced contractures in a concentration-dependent manner. However, contractures developed significantly earlier and were greater in MHS (n = 17) than in MHN specimens (n = 23). After bolus administration of 50, 75, and 100 mumol/l 14-CmC MHS specimens developed distinct muscle contractures. In contrast, in MHN specimens only 100 mumol/l 4-CmC produced contractures. All contracture levels following bolus administration of 100 mumol/l 4-CmC were attained significantly earlier in MHS than in MHN. There was no overlapping in the range of times between both groups.CONCLUSION: In vitro contracture testing with 4-CmC seems to be a specific method to distinguish between MHS and MHN patients. However, the question whether 4-CmC is an MH-triggering agent is not completely solved. 4-CmC is a preservative within a large number of commercially available preparations (e.g. insulin, hormones, etc.). Regarding the results of contracture testing with 4-CmC it has been suggested that 4-CmC possibly represents a high-risk agent for MHS individuals. To reduce the risk of MH in susceptible patients due to administration of chlorocresols, we recommend avoiding preparations containing the preservative 4-CmC.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Calcium', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cresols', 'Culture Techniques', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Malignant Hyperthermia', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel']
| 9,417,254
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.239'], ['E05.481.500'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.505.700', 'C23.550.767.600'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G11.427.494'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.150.800', 'D12.776.210.500.800', 'D12.776.543.550.450.150.800', 'D12.776.543.585.400.150.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Multidisciplinary approach to the management of head and neck arteriovenous malformations.
|
Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) of the head and neck are quite rare in contrast to low-flow vascular anomalies, but often present with significant haemorrhage or cosmetic defects. Treatment of these high-flow vascular anomalies is hazardous and has a predictably high incidence of recurrence if not managed correctly. Intervention is indicated for complications such as pain, haemorrhage, pressure symptoms, ischaemic ulceration and even congestive cardiac failure. A multidisciplinary team approach is required in the assessment and treatment of these lesions, and involves preoperative angiography with superselective embolisation, followed by resection of the lesion, ideally within 72 h. Recent advances in microsurgery and in therapeutic radiology have greatly improved the prognosis for patients with these malformations. We present a series of four patients who have undergone preoperative embolisation and subsequent surgical excision, with a mean follow-up of 28 months. The complication rate has remained low and there has been no re-expansion of the lesions to date.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Angiography', 'Arteriovenous Malformations', 'Carotid Artery, External', 'Child', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Embolization, Therapeutic', 'Face', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Neck']
| 7,717,646
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.350.700.060', 'E01.370.370.050'], ['C14.240.850.750', 'C14.907.150', 'C16.131.240.850.750'], ['A07.015.114.186.200.210'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E02.186'], ['E02.520.360', 'E02.926.500'], ['A01.456.505'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.598']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
In vivo binding of 3H-etorphine in morphine-dependent rats.
|
The opiate agonist 3H-etorphine was used to search for potential changes in in vivo opiate receptor binding in rats following chronic exposure to morphine sulfate. A rapid filtration method was employed to allow assessment of in vivo binding; receptor dissociation in vitro following in vivo labeling was also measured. No significant differences in total binding were seen with addicted animals, naive controls and naive animals pre-injected with morphine, at two different 3H-etorphine doses. In vitro dissociation under several conditions also yielded no differences. However, the rate of in vitro dissociation in the presence of both Na+ and a guanine nucleotide showed a small but significant decrease in dependent animals, suggesting a possible impairment of receptor effector coupling with morphine addiction.
|
['Animals', 'Etorphine', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Morphinans', 'Morphine Dependence', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Receptors, Opioid', 'Tritium']
| 6,292,637
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.132.577.249.270', 'D03.605.497.320', 'D03.633.400.686.320', 'D04.615.723.795.270'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.132.577.249', 'D03.605.497', 'D03.633.400.686', 'D04.615.723.795'], ['C25.775.643.500.600', 'F03.900.647.500.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.620', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.610', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.610'], ['D01.268.406.875', 'D01.362.340.875', 'D01.496.749.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Motor training effects on recovery of function after striatal lesions and striatal grafts.
|
Environment, training, and experience can influence plasticity and recovery of function after brain damage. However, it is less well known whether, and how, such factors influence the growth, integration, and functional recovery provided by neural grafts placed within the brain. To explore this process, rats were pretrained on the skilled staircase test, then lesioned unilaterally in the lateral dorsal striatum with quinolinic acid. Half of the animals were given suspension grafts prepared from E15 whole ganglionic eminence implanted into the lesioned striatum. For the following 5 months, half of the animals in each group were trained daily in a bilateral manual dexterity task. Then, 23 weeks after surgery, all animals were retested on the staircase test. The grafts promoted recovery in the reaching task, irrespective of the additional dexterity training, and within the trained group recovery was proportional to the volume of the striatal-like tissue in the graft, suggesting that training influenced the pattern of graft-induced functional recovery. The additional training also benefited the rats with lesions alone, raising their performance close to level of the grafted groups. In separate tests of rotation, the grafts reduced drug-induced ipsilateral turning in response to both amphetamine and apomorphine, an effect that was greater in the grafted rats given extra training. The results suggest that both nonspecific motor training and cell transplantation can contribute to recovery of lost function in tests of spontaneous and skilled lateralized motor function after striatal damage, and that these two factors interact in a task-specific manner.
|
['Animals', 'Apomorphine', 'Brain Tissue Transplantation', 'Central Nervous System Stimulants', 'Dextroamphetamine', 'Dopamine Agonists', 'Functional Laterality', 'Graft Survival', 'Learning', 'Male', 'Motor Skills', 'Neostriatum', 'Neuronal Plasticity', 'Neurotoxins', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Quinolinic Acid', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Rotation', 'Stereotyped Behavior']
| 14,637,098
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.132.098.038.290', 'D03.633.100.531.085.030.290', 'D03.633.400.095.290'], ['E02.095.147.725.090', 'E04.525.090', 'E04.936.580.090'], ['D27.505.696.282', 'D27.505.954.427.220'], ['D02.092.471.683.152.110.200'], ['D27.505.519.625.150.151', 'D27.505.696.577.150.151'], ['F02.830.297.425', 'G11.561.225.425'], ['G12.875.545.340'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['F02.808.260'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487.550'], ['G11.561.638'], ['D27.888.569.504'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['D03.383.725.822.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['G01.482.703'], ['F01.145.896']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
What affects completion of the scholarly project? A survey of RANZCP trainees.
|
OBJECTIVE: To explore trainee perception of what facilitates or delays completion of the RANZCP Scholarly Project (SP).METHOD: Of 182 currently registered New Zealand trainees, 33 (18%) completed an online questionnaire and three open-ended questions.RESULTS: Most trainees agreed or strongly agreed that having protected time for research (87.5%) and access to an appropriate supervisor (87.9%) would facilitate the completion of their SP. Other college requirements were identified by most trainees (87.9%) as a factor delaying completion.CONCLUSIONS: Identifying and protecting research time and ensuring adequate supervision appear essential to improve the uptake and completion of this training requirement.
|
['Adult', 'Biomedical Research', 'Competency-Based Education', 'Education, Medical, Graduate', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'New Zealand', 'Psychiatry', 'Societies, Medical']
| 29,737,192
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['H01.770.644.145'], ['I02.158.210'], ['I02.358.337.350', 'I02.358.399.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.639.760.747', 'Z01.678.100.747'], ['F04.096.544', 'H02.403.690'], ['N03.540.828.589']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Single-dose half-body irradiation for palliation of multiple bone metastases from solid tumors. Final Radiation Therapy Oncology Group report.
|
This is the final analysis of Protocol #78-10 which explored increasing single-doses of half-body irradiation (HBI) in patients with multiple (symptomatic) osseous metastases. When given as palliation, HBI was found to relieve pain in 73% of the patients. In 20% of the patients the pain relief was complete; over two thirds of all patients achieved better than 50% pain relief. The HBI pain relief was dramatic with nearly 50% of all responding patients doing so within 48 hours and 80% within one week from HBI treatment. Furthermore, the pain relief was long-lasting and continued without need of retreatment for at least 50% of the remaining patient's life. These results compare favorably with those obtained by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) using several conventional daily fractionated schemes on similar patients in a prior study (RTOG #74-02). HBI achieves pain relief sooner and with less evidence of pain recurrence in the irradiated area than conventionally treated patients. The most effective and safest of the HBI doses tested were 600 rad for the upper HBI and 800 rad for the lower or mid-HBI. Increasing doses beyond these levels did not increase pain relief, duration of relief, or achieved a faster response; however, the increase in dose was associated with a definite increase in toxicity. Single-dose HBI was well tolerated with no fatalities seen among 168 treated patients. A comprehensive premedication program has proven to decrease the acute radiation syndrome to very acceptable levels. There were excellent responses found in practically all tumors treated, but especially breast and prostate among which over 80% of all patients experienced pain relief, 30% in a complete fashion. Single-dose HBI emerges as one of the safest, fastest, and more effective palliative tools for intractable cancer pain in modern radiation oncology.
|
['Bone Neoplasms', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Gastrointestinal Diseases', 'Hematologic Diseases', 'Humans', 'Length of Stay', 'Narcotics', 'Pain', 'Palliative Care', 'Premedication', 'Radiotherapy', 'Radiotherapy Dosage', 'Radiotherapy, High-Energy', 'Time Factors']
| 2,423,225
|
[['C04.588.149', 'C05.116.231'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['C06.405'], ['C15.378'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['D27.505.696.277.600', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.760', 'D27.505.954.427.040.550', 'D27.505.954.427.210.600'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['E02.760.666', 'N02.421.585.666'], ['E02.319.703'], ['E02.815'], ['E02.815.639'], ['E02.815.722'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The impact of core biopsy fragmentation in prostate cancer.
|
OBJECTIVES: Since accurate tumor localization and quantification are essential requisites avoiding prostate cancer overtreatment, we analyzed the impact of core fragmentation and the relation between core biopsy taken and pathological information in regard to cancer extension and aggressiveness (Gleason score).METHODS: One hundred and ninety-nine men submitted to trans-rectal prostate biopsy by the same urologist between October 2006 and October 2008 were included, and the number of cores obtained by biopsy compared to the number of cores examined by the same pathologist.RESULTS: Total core number obtained by biopsy was 21.54 (± 3.56) compared to 24.08 (± 4.77) examined by the pathologist, P < 0.01. Dividing prostate gland by areas such as base, mid and apical right and left, all areas showed statistically different core number between biopsy and pathological examination report (P < 0.01). Mean ratio of positive core cancer length was 0.41 (± 0.12) and 0.32 (± 0.8) comparing individual and overall cores analysis, respectively (P < 0.01). The mean Gleason score in the individual and overall cores analysis were 6.6 (6-9) and 6.3 (6-9), respectively, P < 0.01.CONCLUSIONS: Considering the ongoing trend for earlier diagnosis of increasing numbers of younger men with low-risk prostate cancer, this study is original and demonstrates the possibility of core fragmentation, explaining in part over- and under-staging. One core per container and an overall Gleason score and percentage of adenocarcinoma for each container are encouraged.
|
['Aged', 'Biopsy, Needle', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prostatic Neoplasms']
| 20,221,804
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.119', 'E01.370.225.998.054.119', 'E01.370.388.100.100', 'E04.074.119', 'E04.665.100', 'E05.200.500.384.100.119', 'E05.200.998.054.119', 'E05.242.384.100.119'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Refractive change in response to acute hyperbaric stress in refractive surgery patients.
|
PURPOSE: To determine whether acute hyperbaric stress affects visual acuity or refractive power after keratorefractive surgery.SETTING: Clinical multiplace hyperbaric chamber and ophthalmology clinic, University of California, San Diego, California, USA.METHODS: This prospective convenience sample study included 3 groups: 3 patients who had had bilateral myopic radial keratotomy (RK); 2 who had had bilateral myopic laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK); and 4 control subjects who had no previous corneal refractive surgery or ocular pathology but had a myopic refractive error (-1.25 to -8.38 diopters [D]) similar to that in the treated patients before refractive surgery. One additional patient had had unilateral LASIK only and was included in the LASIK and control groups. Best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), manifest spherocylindrical refractive error, and intraocular pressure were measured at baseline, at 4 atmospheres absolute (atm abs), and on return to ambient pressure. Corneal pachymetry and keratometry were measured at baseline and on return to ambient pressure.RESULTS: The mean BSCVA changed from 0.06 logMAR (20/25 Snellen equivalent) at baseline to 0.10 logMAR (20/25) at 4 atm abs in the RK group and from 0.00 logMAR (20/20) to -0.06 logMAR (20/15) in the LASIK group; it did not change in the control group. The mean refractive error changed from 0.25 D at baseline to 0.50 D at 4 atm abs in the RK group, from -0.90 to -1.02 D in the LASIK group, and from -4.58 to -4.53 D in the control group.CONCLUSIONS: Acute hyperbaric stress did not appear to alter refractive power after corneal surgery.
|
['Adult', 'Atmospheric Pressure', 'Cornea', 'Diving', 'Eyeglasses', 'Humans', 'Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ', 'Keratotomy, Radial', 'Laser Therapy', 'Middle Aged', 'Myopia', 'Reference Values', 'Refraction, Ocular', 'Stress, Physiological', 'Visual Acuity']
| 12,231,314
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G16.500.750.274', 'N06.230.300.100.185'], ['A09.371.060.217'], ['I03.450.642.845.945.500.110', 'N06.230.150.150'], ['E07.632.500.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.594.480.750', 'E04.014.520.480.750', 'E04.378.500.750', 'E04.540.825.437.374'], ['E04.540.825.550'], ['E02.594', 'E04.014.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C11.744.636'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E01.370.380.850.700', 'G01.590.775', 'G14.760'], ['G07.775'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Risk-Benefit Profile of Longer-Than-1-Year Dual-Antiplatelet Therapy Duration After Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation in Relation to Clinical Presentation.
|
BACKGROUND: We sought to determine whether the risks and benefits of prolonging dual-antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) beyond 1 year after drug-eluting stent implantation depend on clinical presentation in a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.METHODS AND RESULTS: Randomized controlled trials comparing ?1- versus >1-year DAPT after drug-eluting stent placement were searched through MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane databases, and proceedings of international meetings. The primary efficacy end point was myocardial infarction, whereas the primary safety end point was major bleeding. Net clinical benefit was defined as the composite of myocardial infarction or major bleeding. Outcomes were analyzed according to patient presentation with stable ischemic heart disease versus acute coronary syndromes. The meta-analysis included 6 trials with a total of 21 457 patients, including 14 132 with stable ischemic heart disease and 7325 with acute coronary syndrome. After a median follow-up of 19.5 months, ?1-year DAPT was associated with higher rates of myocardial infarction compared with >1-year DAPT (hazard ratio [HR], 1.63; 95% CI, 1.37-1.95), with no interaction apparent between treatment effect and clinical presentation. Shorter DAPT was associated with reduced rates of major bleeding compared with longer DAPT (HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.42-0.99) with no significant interaction between treatment effect and clinical presentation. However, a net clinical benefit of >1-year DAPT was present in patients with acute coronary syndrome (HR of shorter versus longer DAPT, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.24-2.02) but not in those with stable ischemic heart disease (HR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.89-1.51; Pinteraction=0.04). Shorter DAPT was also associated with lower rates of noncardiac mortality compared with longer DAPT (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.52-0.96), with no significant interaction between treatment effect and clinical presentation ( Pinteraction=0.12).CONCLUSIONS: Compared with ?1-year DAPT, >1-year DAPT reduces the risk of myocardial infarction but increases the risk of major bleeding and noncardiac mortality. A net clinical benefit of extended DAPT was apparent for patients with acute coronary syndrome but not for those with stable ischemic heart disease.
|
['Acute Coronary Syndrome', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Drug-Eluting Stents', 'Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Myocardial Ischemia', 'Percutaneous Coronary Intervention', 'Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 30,871,353
|
[['C14.280.647.124', 'C14.907.585.124'], ['E02.319.283'], ['E02.319.310'], ['E07.695.750.500'], ['C23.550.414'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['C14.280.647', 'C14.907.585'], ['E04.100.814.529.968', 'E04.502.382.968'], ['D27.505.954.502.780'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effective behavioral intervention strategies using mobile health applications for chronic disease management: a systematic review.
|
BACKGROUND: Mobile health (mHealth) has continuously been used as a method in behavioral research to improve self-management in patients with chronic diseases. However, the evidence of its effectiveness in chronic disease management in the adult population is still lacking. We conducted a systematic review to examine the effectiveness of mHealth interventions on process measures as well as health outcomes in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to improve chronic disease management.METHODS: Relevant randomized controlled studies that were published between January 2005 and March 2016 were searched in six databases: PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, and Web of Science. The inclusion criteria were RCTs that conducted an intervention using mobile devices such as smartphones or tablets for adult patients with chronic diseases to examine disease management or health promotion.RESULTS: Of the 12 RCTs reviewed, 10 of the mHealth interventions demonstrated statistically significant improvement in some health outcomes. The most common features of mHealth systems used in the reviewed RCTs were real-time or regular basis symptom assessments, pre-programed reminders, or feedbacks tailored specifically to the data provided by participants via mHealth devices. Most studies developed their own mHealth systems including mobile apps. Training of mHealth systems was provided to participants in person or through paper-based instructions. None of the studies reported the relationship between health outcomes and patient engagement levels on the mHealth system.CONCLUSIONS: Findings from mHealth intervention studies for chronic disease management have shown promising aspects, particularly in improving self-management and some health outcomes.
|
['Behavior Therapy', 'Chronic Disease', 'Disease Management', 'Health Promotion', 'Humans', 'Mobile Applications', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'Telemedicine']
| 29,458,358
|
[['F04.754.137'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['N04.590.607'], ['I02.233.332.445', 'N02.421.726.407.579'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.900.685'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500'], ['H02.403.840', 'L01.178.847.652', 'N04.590.374.800']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Risk Factors and Predictors of Cardiac Erosion Discovered from 12 Japanese Patients Who Developed Erosion After Atrial Septal Defect Closure Using Amplatzer Septal Occluder.
|
Cardiac erosion is a rare serious complication following Amplatzer septal occluder (ASO) placement for atrial septal defect. Although multiple risk factors have been found, a useful predictor to prevent it has not been established yet. In 12 patients who developed erosion between 2005 and 2016 in Japan, we retrospectively observed patients' characteristics and transesophageal echocardiography findings immediately before and after ASO placement and at erosion onset. We compared risk factors of erosion, including absent aortic rim, device size/body weight ratio, device shape, or Valsalva sinus wall deformation pressed by either disk-edge, the maximum depth of which from the standard curve of the Valsalva wall was defined as Dent, between the 12 patients and 95 patients with Valsalva sinus wall deformation immediately after placement who did not develop erosion for 5 ± 3 years. Of the 12 patients, nine developed pericardial effusion with eight cardiac tamponade and three aorta-atrium fistula; all were surgically rescued. Surgical findings revealed that erosion in all patients occurred at the right and/or left atrial roof beside the Valsalva in the non-coronary cusp on which the disk-edge seemed to be pressing. The mean Dent immediately after the placement in patients with erosion was significantly deeper than without (2.48 ± 0.32 vs. 1.28 ± 0.38; p < 0.001). There were no differences in the other risk factors between the two groups. Dent is believed to be a useful indicator of erosion development after ASO placement. If Dent is > 2.0 mm, it is desirable to change the size or to replace the device.
|
['Adult', 'Balloon Occlusion', 'Child', 'Echocardiography, Transesophageal', 'Female', 'Heart Injuries', 'Heart Septal Defects, Atrial', 'Humans', 'Japan', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Septal Occluder Device', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 31,732,763
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E02.148.106', 'E02.520.392.500', 'E02.926.500.074', 'E05.157.063'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E01.370.350.130.750.235', 'E01.370.350.850.220.235', 'E01.370.370.380.220.235'], ['C26.891.375'], ['C14.240.400.560.375', 'C14.280.400.560.375', 'C16.131.240.400.560.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E07.695.715'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Multiple pudendal sensory pathways reflexly modulate bladder and urethral activity in patients with spinal cord injury.
|
PURPOSE: Electrical stimulation of pudendal afferents can evoke reflex bladder contractions with relaxation of the external urethral sphincter in cats. This voiding reflex is mediated by pudendal sensory fibers innervating the penile and prostatic urethra that engage spinal and spinobulbospinal micturition pathways, respectively. However, clinical translation of this potential therapy in individuals with spinal cord injury is limited by the lack of evidence showing analogous reflex mechanisms in humans. We investigated excitatory pudendal-to-bladder reflexes in 7 individuals with chronic spinal cord injury.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We recorded isovolumetric bladder pressure and perineal electromyogram in response to intraurethral electrical stimulation at varying amplitudes and frequencies.RESULTS: Selective electrical stimulation of the proximal (29.7 ± 11.6 cm H(2)O) and distal urethral (23.3 ± 9.28 cm H(2)O) segments evoked sustained reflex bladder contractions in different subsets (3 each) of participants. In contrast, the corresponding reflex perineal electromyogram revealed a differential activation pattern between proximal and distal intraurethral stimulation (normalized electromyogram of 1.3 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1, respectively, p <0.05).CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge we report the first clinical evidence of 2 independent excitatory pudendal-to-bladder reflex pathways, which in turn differentially modulate efferent pudendal output. Each reflex mechanism involves complex interaction of multiple sensory inputs and may provide a neural substrate to restore micturition after spinal cord injury.
|
['Adult', 'Afferent Pathways', 'Aged', 'Chronic Disease', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Electromyography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscle, Smooth', 'Reflex', 'Sampling Studies', 'Sensory Thresholds', 'Spinal Cord Injuries', 'Urethra', 'Urinary Bladder', 'Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic', 'Urination', 'Urodynamics']
| 21,168,860
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A08.612.220'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E05.723.402'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G11.427.494'], ['A02.633.570', 'A10.690.467'], ['E01.370.376.550.650', 'E01.370.600.550.650', 'F02.830.702', 'G11.561.731'], ['E05.318.372.875', 'N05.715.360.330.875', 'N06.850.520.450.875'], ['F02.463.593.710'], ['C10.228.854.763', 'C10.900.850', 'C26.819'], ['A05.360.444.492.726', 'A05.810.876'], ['A05.810.890'], ['C10.597.900', 'C12.777.829.839', 'C13.351.968.829.760', 'C23.888.592.900'], ['G08.852.880'], ['G08.852.898']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Oligodendrocyte injury in multiple sclerosis: a role for p53.
|
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disorder characterized by myelin destruction and a variable degree of oligodendrocyte death. We have previously shown that overexpression of the transcription factor p53 can induce oligodendrocyte apoptosis. We investigated the mechanism of p53-induced apoptosis using primary cultures of central nervous system-derived adult human oligodendrocytes. Adenovirus-mediated p53 overexpression resulted in up-regulation of the death receptors Fas, DR4 and DR5 with subsequent caspase-mediated apoptosis of the oligodendrocytes. The oligodendrocytes were protected from p53-induced cell death by blocking signaling through Fas and/or tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptors. Although lower levels of p53 did not induce apoptosis, the increase in death receptor expression was sufficient to render the oligodendrocytes susceptible to apoptosis in the presence of exogenous Fas ligand and TRAIL. These ligands are present in the inflammatory milieu of active MS lesions. In situ analysis of active MS lesions revealed increased p53 expression in oligodendrocytes in lesions that featured oligodendrocyte apoptosis and cell loss. Our data provide evidence for a novel role for p53 in the pathogenesis of MS.
|
['Adenoviridae', 'Apoptosis', 'Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins', 'Caspases', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Fas Ligand Protein', 'Gene Transfer Techniques', 'Humans', 'Ligands', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Multiple Sclerosis', 'Oligodendroglia', 'Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand', 'Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor', 'Signal Transduction', 'TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53', 'Up-Regulation', 'fas Receptor']
| 12,694,389
|
[['B04.280.030'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D12.644.360.075', 'D12.776.476.075'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126', 'D12.644.360.075.405', 'D12.776.476.075.405'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.644.276.374.750.249', 'D12.776.395.550.312', 'D12.776.467.374.750.249', 'D12.776.543.550.312', 'D23.529.374.750.249'], ['E05.393.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['C10.114.375.500', 'C10.314.350.500', 'C20.111.258.250.500'], ['A08.637.600', 'A11.650.600'], ['D12.776.543.750.690.600', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.396'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.760'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.644.276.374.750.625', 'D12.776.467.374.750.625', 'D23.529.374.750.625'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998'], ['D12.776.543.750.690.500', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.195']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Impact of the promotion of fruit and vegetables on their consumption in the workplace.
|
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of activities promoting the consumption of fruit and vegetables (FV) in the workplace.METHODS: Intervention study with historical control group conducted in a public company in Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil, between 2007 and 2009. It consisted of three stages: (a) baseline, which included the characterization of both the company studied and the one responsible for providing meals to the employees, assessment of FV intake by the staff and forming a focus group to identify the determinants of FV consumption and to inform the planning of the intervention; (b) intervention, comprised of an environmental component (company's restaurant) and an educational component (directed at individuals); and (c) post-intervention assessment, which included impressions about changes in the company's restaurant in terms of FV supply, exposure of individuals to the intervention and FV consumption by the employees. The analysis of the association between exposure and outcome indicators was conducted using multiple regression models.RESULTS: On average, the coverage of educational activities and materials was 63.5%. Most employees perceived positive changes in at least one of the five environmental aspects examined. There was an increase (38%) in FV consumption by employees, which corresponds to 0.66 servings in the meal evaluated (lunch). Significant association between indicators of exposure, (both environmental and educational components) and outcome indicators was observed.CONCLUSIONS: FV consumption increased among employees exposed to an intervention focused on the promotion of these foods in the workplace. The multi-component design of the intervention seems to have contributed to these findings.
|
['Adult', 'Brazil', 'Dietary Services', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Female', 'Fruit', 'Health Promotion', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Occupational Health', 'Vegetables', 'Workplace']
| 23,703,127
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['N02.421.242'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['I02.233.332.445', 'N02.421.726.407.579'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N01.400.525'], ['B01.650.160.956', 'B01.650.510.956', 'G07.203.300.850', 'J02.500.850'], ['N01.824.245.925', 'N04.452.677.975']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[First comparisons with laser vibrometry measurements and computer simulation of ear ossicle movements].
|
The dynamic behavior of the ossicular chain is very complex and is frequency-dependent. To date, this has still not been fully investigated or understood. There remains a lack of measurement procedures to pick up the motion of the ossicles and ear drum simultaneously with sufficient resolution. The presented paper reports simultaneous measurements with laser-Doppler vibrometry at two points of the ossicular chain of cadaver specimens. Motions not observed were derived using mechanical simulation models on a computer and then evaluating appropriate mathematical equations. Using a sound stimulus, the displacement velocities of the umbo and stapes footplate were measured, and the corresponding transfer functions were derived by Fourier transform. Results were used for verification of the computer models. In the current investigations these models were refined and allow for the detailed investigation of the dynamic behavior of the ossicular chain, facilitating the optimal design of passive and active middle-ear implants.
|
['Computer Simulation', 'Ear Ossicles', 'Fourier Analysis', 'Hearing', 'Humans', 'Laser-Doppler Flowmetry', 'Mathematics', 'Physical Stimulation', 'Reference Values', 'Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Stapes', 'Vibration']
| 9,340,336
|
[['L01.224.160'], ['A09.246.397.247'], ['E05.377', 'G17.226', 'L01.224.800.625'], ['F02.830.816.263', 'G07.888.500', 'G11.561.790.263'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.370.475', 'E05.830.500'], ['H01.548'], ['E05.723'], ['E05.978.810'], ['L01.224.800'], ['A09.246.397.247.806'], ['G01.374.930']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Chromosomes of lymph node metastases derived from Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells inoculated into rats.
|
The inoculation of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells in irradiated and cortisone-treated rats induced an ascitic tumor and lymph node metastases. Chromosome banding analysis showed that metastatic lymph nodes are composed of Ehrlich tumor cells and normal rat metaphases, derived from reactive host cells.
|
['Animals', 'Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor', 'Chromosomes', 'Cricetinae', 'Humans', 'Hybridization, Genetic', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Metaphase', 'Polyploidy', 'Rats']
| 146,329
|
[['B01.050'], ['C04.557.470.200.200', 'C04.619.169'], ['A11.284.187', 'A11.284.430.106.279.345.190', 'G05.360.162'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.820.150.390', 'G05.090.390'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['G04.144.220.220.687.625', 'G04.144.220.220.781.625', 'G05.113.220.687.625', 'G05.113.220.781.625'], ['C23.550.210.702', 'G05.365.590.175.677', 'G05.700.740'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Concordance networks and application to clustering cancer symptomology.
|
Symptoms of complex illnesses such as cancer often present with a high degree of heterogeneity between patients. At the same time, there are often core symptoms that act as common drivers for other symptoms, such as fatigue leading to depression and cognitive dysfunction. These symptoms are termed bridge symptoms and when combined with heterogeneity in symptom presentation, are difficult to detect using traditional unsupervised clustering techniques. This article develops a method for identifying patient communities based on bridge symptoms termed concordance network clustering. An empirical study of breast cancer symptomatology is presented, and demonstrates the applicability of this method for identifying bridge symptoms.
|
['Breast Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Models, Biological', 'Syndrome']
| 29,538,418
|
[['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395'], ['C23.550.288.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluating the quality of self-reports of hypertension and diabetes.
|
Increasingly, researchers and health specialists are obtaining information on chronic illnesses from self-reports. This study validates self-reports of two major health conditions, hypertension and diabetes, based on a recent survey in Taiwan (SEBAS 2000). These data, based on a large, nationally representative sample of respondents aged 54 and older, include both self-reported health information and a physical examination. Average blood pressure readings, laboratory measures of glycosylated hemoglobin, and information on whether the respondent was taking medication for hypertension or diabetes are used to validate respondents' reports of high blood pressure and diabetes. The resulting comparisons reveal that self-reports vastly underestimate the prevalence of hypertension, but yield a reasonably accurate estimate of the prevalence of diabetes. Significant correlates of the accuracy of the self-reports include age, education, time of the most recent health exam, and cognitive function.
|
['Age Distribution', 'Aged', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Odds Ratio', 'Self Disclosure', 'Sex Distribution', 'Taiwan']
| 12,654,409
|
[['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['F01.752.747.792.662'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['Z01.252.474.872', 'Z01.639.850']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A special report: four-year study of a boy with combined immune deficiency maintained in strict reverse isolation from birth.
|
A 4-year study of a boy with combined immune deficiency is presented, and the impact of this disease on various aspects of his growth and development is examined. There is no evidence of immune deficiency in either parent or in the genetic background on the maternal side. Three children of a brother of the mother's father may have had immune deficiencies but two have grown to be teenagers with no problems. Another died. At autopsy, however, lymph nodes appeared normal. The deceased older brother had severe combined immune deficiency (SCID). The autopsy findings showed Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia to be the direct cause of death and these findings contributed to the diagnosis of SCID. After a successful germ-free birth, the male infant (DV) was placed in the isolator. Laboratory tests were normal except that the x-rays showed no thymic shadow, his absolute lymphocyte count ranged from 399-440/mm and the lymphocytes showed no proliferative response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Specific tests showed the antibody-producing immune system and the cell-mediated immune system to be severely defective. The patient's lymphocytes elicited positive responses by lymphocytes from father, mother, and sister. Subsequent search in national and international tissue-typing laboratories has shown four HLA matches but none has been nonreactive in mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC). therefore, this patient has remained in isolation to the present; now he is 4 years old. Approximately 35 species of microorganisms, mostly transient contaminants, have been isolated, taking into account that the same organism may have been identified under different names in different laboratories. Those isolated frequently and in sufficiently high concentration to indicate colonization have been speciated as follows: anaerobes-Propionibacterium acnes, Lactobacillus catenaforme (disappeared spontaneously), Bacteroides oralis ss. elongatus, Clostridium (perenne, hastiforme, bifermentans), Bacteroides clostridiiformis ss. clostridiiformis; aerobes-Alcaligenes faecalis (eradicated by antibiotics), Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterobacter agglomerans, Microcossu sp. subgroup 1, Bacillus pulvifaciens (disappeared spontaneously); yeasts-Candida (tropicalis, parapsilosis). Seven are considered to be probable components of the current autoflora: P. acnes, C. bifermentans, B. clostridiiformis ss. clostridiiformis, S. epidermidis, Micrococcus sp. subgroup 1, E. agglomerans, C. parapsilosis. No viruses or protozoa have been isolated. At age 3 years, the mean quantitation of anaerobic cells was 7.9 X 10(7) viable cells/g feces; this falls short of the mean anaerobic load from normal children. The mean aerobic concentration was 1.2 X 10(8) viable cells/g feces, not unlike normal children. Qualitatively his flora has abnormally few species and lacks those most common in normal subjects. This child has had no evidence of infection and has always been in excellent health even though some organisms which could be pathogenic under some circumstances have been isolated...
|
['Child Behavior', 'Child Development', 'Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cholesterol, Dietary', 'Germ-Free Life', 'Humans', 'Immunity', 'Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes', 'Infant', 'Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Newborn, Diseases', 'Infection Control', 'Language Development', 'Male', 'Patient Isolators']
| 401,538
|
[['F01.145.179'], ['F01.525.200', 'G07.345.374.750'], ['G07.203.650.220'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.225', 'D10.212.302.347', 'D10.570.938.208.222'], ['G06.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.450'], ['C20.673'], ['M01.060.703'], ['G07.203.650.220.500'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C16.614'], ['N06.850.780.200.450'], ['F01.525.200.310'], ['E07.325.755']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of alcohol consumption on mortality in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
|
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Moderate alcohol intake has been associated with increased life expectancy due to reduced mortality from cardiovascular disease. We prospectively examined the effects of alcohol consumption on mortality in Type 2 diabetic patients in Switzerland.METHODS: A total of 287 patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (125 women, 162 men), recruited in Switzerland for the WHO Multinational Study of Vascular Disease in Diabetes, were included in this study. After a follow-up period of 12.6+/-0.6 years (means +/- SD), mortality from CHD and from all causes was assessed.RESULTS: During the follow-up, 70 deaths occurred (21 from CHD, 49 from other causes). Compared with non-drinkers, alcohol consumers who drank alcohol 1 to 15 g, 16 to 30 g and 30 g or more per day had the following risk rates of death from CHD: 0.87 (95% CI: 0.25 to 2.51, NS), 0.00 (95% CI: 0.00 to 0.92, p less than 0.05) and 0.37 (95% CI, 0.01 to 2.42, NS), respectively. The corresponding risk rates of death from all causes were 1.27 (95% CI: 0.68 to 2.28, NS), 0.36 (95% CI: 0.09 to 0.99, p less than 0.05) and 1.66 (95% CI: 0.76 to 3.33, NS).CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: In Swiss Type 2 diabetic patients moderate alcohol consumption of 16 to 30 g per day was associated with reduced mortality from CHD and from all causes. Alcohol intake above 30 g per day was associated with a tendency towards increased all-cause mortality.
|
['Adult', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Coronary Disease', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Diabetic Angiopathies', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Survival Analysis', 'Switzerland', 'Time Factors']
| 14,508,652
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['C14.907.320', 'C19.246.099.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['Z01.542.883'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Aculeatin, a coumarin derived from Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam., enhances differentiation and lipolysis of 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
|
Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam. (T. asiatica) has been utilized traditionally for medicinal purposes such as the treatment of diabetes. Currently, the extract is considered to be a good source of anti-diabetic agents, but the active compounds have yet to be identified. In this study, we investigated the effects of fractionated T. asiatica extracts on the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and identified aculeatin as a potential active agent. When 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were treated with aculeatin isolated from T. asiatica in the presence of insulin, aculeatin increased cellular triglyceride levels and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. This indicated that aculeatin could enhance the differentiation of preadipocytes into adipocytes. Further analyses using a DNA microarray and real-time quantitative reverse-transcription PCR showed an increase in the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-ã target genes (Pparg, Ap2, Cd36, Glut4 and Adipoq) by aculeatin, suggesting that aculeatin enhances the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells by modulating the expression of genes critical for adipogenesis. Interestingly, after treatment of differentiated adipocytes with aculeatin, glucose uptake and lipolysis were enhanced. Overall, our results suggested that aculeatin is an active compound in T. asiatica for enhancing both differentiation and lipolysis of adipocytes, which are useful for the treatment of lipid abnormalities as well as diabetes.
|
['3T3-L1 Cells', 'Adipocytes', 'Animals', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Coumarins', 'Cyclohexanones', 'Lipolysis', 'Mice', 'Plant Extracts', 'Rutaceae']
| 25,445,590
|
[['A11.251.210.100.775.800', 'A11.329.228.100.775.800'], ['A11.329.114'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.152'], ['D03.383.663.283.446', 'D03.633.100.150.446'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.367.340', 'D02.522.400'], ['G02.111.534', 'G03.458.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.875']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Subjective and objective evaluation of noise management algorithms.
|
PURPOSE: To measure the subjective and objective improvement of speech intelligibility in noise offered by a commercial hearing aid that uses a fully adaptive directional microphone and a noise reduction algorithm that optimizes the Speech Intelligibility Index (SII).RESEARCH DESIGN: Comparison of results on the Hearing in Noise Test (HINT) and the Acceptable Noise Level task (ANL).STUDY SAMPLE: Eighteen participants with varying configurations of sensorineural hearing loss.RESULTS: Both the directional microphone and the noise reduction algorithm improved the speech-in-noise performance of the participants. The benefits reported were higher for the directional microphone than the noise reduction algorithm. A moderate correlation was noted between the benefits measured on the HINT and the ANL for the directional microphone condition, the noise reduction condition, and the directional microphone plus noise reduction conditions.CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the directional microphone and the SII-based noise reduction algorithm may improve the SNR of the listening environments, and both the HINT and the ANL may be used to study their benefits.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Algorithms', 'Audiometry, Speech', 'Female', 'Hearing Aids', 'Hearing Loss, Bilateral', 'Hearing Loss, Sensorineural', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Noise', 'Speech Perception']
| 19,927,672
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E01.370.382.375.060.060'], ['E07.305.906.500', 'E07.814.458'], ['C09.218.458.341.374', 'C10.597.751.418.341.374', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.374'], ['C09.218.458.341.887', 'C10.597.751.418.341.887', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.887'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G01.750.770.776.567', 'G16.500.275.600', 'N06.230.400', 'N06.850.460.610'], ['F02.463.593.071.875', 'G07.888.125.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of differences in MIC values on clinical outcomes in patients with bloodstream infections caused by gram-negative organisms treated with levofloxacin.
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Emerging evidence suggests that current fluoroquinolone dosing strategies may be inadequate to treat bloodstream infections caused by organisms classified as sensitive. This study sought to determine if differences in MICs for levofloxacin-susceptible gram-negative organisms correlate with differences in patient outcomes. A retrospective cohort study evaluated patients treated with levofloxacin for bloodstream infections caused by susceptible gram-negative organisms. Patients infected with gram-negative organisms for which MICs indicated susceptibility were categorized into three groups: those with organisms for which MICs were low (<or=0.25 mg/liter), intermediate (0.5 mg/liter), and high (1 or 2 mg/liter). Patients were evaluated for baseline similarity, all-cause mortality, and measurements of morbidity. A total of 404 patients with bloodstream infections caused by gram-negative organisms were identified. Of these patients, 312 were treated with levofloxacin and included in the analysis. No significant difference in all-cause mortality among the three groups was observed. The high-MIC group had a significantly longer average hospital stay postculture than the low- and intermediate-MIC groups (16.4 days versus 7.3 and 7.9 days; P < 0.01) and a significantly longer duration of infection (2.1 days versus 1.0 and 1.2 days; P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis adjusting for covariates revealed that a high MIC was associated with an increase of 5.67 days (95% confidence interval, 0.77 to 10.62 days; P = 0.02) in the mean length of stay postculture compared to the mean length of stay for the low-MIC group. Patients treated with levofloxacin for bloodstream infections caused by gram-negative organisms for which MICs were elevated, yet still in the susceptible category, had worse outcomes than similar patients infected with organisms for which MICs were lower. In vitro susceptibility classifications of fluoroquinolones for the treatment of bloodstream infections caused by gram-negative organisms require further study.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Gram-Negative Bacteria', 'Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections', 'Humans', 'Length of Stay', 'Levofloxacin', 'Male', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Middle Aged', 'Ofloxacin', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 19,075,047
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['B03.440'], ['C01.150.252.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322.500.500'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Pregnancy-induced changes in central response to atrial distension mimicked by progesterone metabolite.
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In virgin female rats, atrial distension (an index of blood volume expansion) causes an increase in c-fos expression in the paraventricular nucleus of the lateral hypothalamus. During pregnancy, this response is markedly attenuated. We tested the effects of 3alpha-hydroxy-5alpha-pregnan-20-one (3alpha-OH-DHP) on activation of central pathways following stimulation of the atrial volume receptors. Not only does this progesterone metabolite increase during pregnancy, but it has already been implicated in pregnancy-induced changes in the baroreflex. Female rats were prepared with indwelling venous cannulas and intracardiac balloons that, when inflated, caused a discrete localized stimulation of the atrial volume receptors in the absence of changes in cardiac hemodynamics. Seven days later, the rats were infused with 3alpha-OH-DHP dissolved in cyclodextrin and the intracardiac balloons were inflated. One hour later, the rats were killed and fixed by perfusion and the brains were prepared for visualization of c-fos activity. Infusion with 3alpha-OH-DHP significantly reduced the central response to atrial distension, i.e., it mimicked pregnancy. These results are consistent with the suggestion that this metabolite of progesterone may be an important factor in cardiovascular adaptation to pregnancy.
|
['Animals', 'Atrial Function', 'Female', 'Neurons', 'Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy, Animal', 'Pregnanolone', 'Progesterone', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos', 'Rats', 'Rats, Long-Evans']
| 9,843,876
|
[['B01.050'], ['G09.330.040'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['A08.186.211.180.497.342.400', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.342.400'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.784.769.498'], ['D04.210.500.745.640'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750'], ['D12.776.260.108.765', 'D12.776.624.664.700.179', 'D12.776.660.760', 'D12.776.930.127.765'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Molybdenum cofactor deficiency presenting with severe metabolic acidosis and intracranial hemorrhage.
|
Molybdenum cofactor deficiency leads to combined deficiency of sulfite oxidase, xanthine dehydrogenase, and aldehyde oxidase enzyme activities. The major clinic symptom is intractable seizures seen soon after birth. No definite therapy is available. We report here a newborn with molybdenum cofactor deficiency-associated Dandy-Walker malformation who presented with severe lactic acidosis and intracranial hemorrhage.
|
['Acidosis, Lactic', 'Coenzymes', 'Dandy-Walker Syndrome', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Intracranial Hemorrhages', 'Metabolism, Inborn Errors', 'Metalloproteins', 'Pteridines']
| 15,794,186
|
[['C18.452.076.176.180'], ['D08.211'], ['C10.228.140.252.300', 'C10.228.140.602.500', 'C10.500.205', 'C16.131.666.205'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C10.228.140.300.535', 'C14.907.253.573', 'C23.550.414.913'], ['C16.320.565', 'C18.452.648'], ['D12.776.556'], ['D03.633.100.733']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A strategy for enhancing the transcriptional activity of weak cell type-specific promoters.
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Cell type- and tissue-specific promoters play an important role in the development of site-selective vectors for gene therapy. A large number of highly specific promoters has been described, but their applicability is often hampered by their inefficient transcriptional activity. In this study, we describe a new strategy for enhancing the activity of weak promoters without loss of specificity. The basic principle of this strategy is to establish a positive feedback loop which is initiated by transcription from a cell type-specific promoter. This was achieved by using a cell type-specific promoter to drive the simultaneous expression of the desired effector/reporter gene product and a strong artificial transcriptional activator which stimulates transcription through appropriate binding sites in the promoter. Using a VP16-LexA chimeric transcription factor, we show that this approach leads to a 14- to > 100-fold enhancement of both the endothelial cell-specific von Willebrand factor promoter and the gastrointestinal-specific sucrase-isomaltase promoter while maintaining approximately 30- to > 100-fold cell type specificity.
|
['3T3 Cells', 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Cell Line', 'Endothelium', 'Feedback', 'Gene Expression', 'Genetic Therapy', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Humans', 'Luciferases', 'Mice', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Sucrase-Isomaltase Complex', 'Transfection', 'von Willebrand Factor']
| 10,023,445
|
[['A11.251.210.100', 'A11.329.228.100'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A10.272.491'], ['L01.906.394.211'], ['G05.297'], ['E02.095.301', 'E05.393.420.301'], ['G05.360.337'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.682.517', 'D12.776.532.510'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D05.500.562.875', 'D08.811.277.450.329.738.700', 'D08.811.277.450.770.800', 'D08.811.600.850'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['D12.776.124.125.920', 'D23.119.985']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Urinary cobalt as a measure of exposure in the hard metal industry.
|
Twenty-six workers in a hard metal manufacturing plant were monitored by cobalt urinary and ambient air measurements during the first month after summer holidays. Cobalt determinations were performed utilizing AAS, with a preliminary chelation and extraction procedure for urinary samples. Almost all personal ambient air samples turned out to be under the cobalt dust TLV of 0.1 mg/m3. When restarting work after the holidays, urinary values did not differ from the control group. At the end of the first working week, urinary cobalt had increased four fold, then decreased to the original values on the following Monday before restarting work. Thereafter, the weekend was no longer sufficient to reduce the levels to normal urinary cobalt values. The values rose to the same level observed before the holidays, and dit not substantially decrease even after the weekend. End-shift urinary cobalt values showed a good relationship with present as well as with mean past exposure on the first and the fifth weekday, but the third day did not. The correlation was better with present exposure on Monday and with mean past exposure on Friday. The observed differences may be explained by the minor influence of recent exposure on present exposure on Monday. The highest values were found on Wednesday. We suggest the utilization of end-shift urinary cobalt determination as a measure of the present exposure on Monday, and of mean recent or preceding exposure on Friday.
|
['Air Pollutants, Occupational', 'Cobalt', 'Humans', 'Metals', 'Microclimate', 'Time Factors']
| 4,077,278
|
[['D27.888.284.101.268'], ['D01.268.556.185', 'D01.268.956.155', 'D01.552.544.185'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.552'], ['G16.500.275.071.450', 'N06.230.300.100.250.450'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Organocatalytic conjugate addition of nitroalkanes to 3-ylidene oxindoles: a stereocontrolled diversity oriented route to oxindole derivatives.
|
An efficient and highly enantioselective Michael addition of nitroalkanes to 3-ylidene oxindoles is described, mediated by thiourea-based bifunctional organocatalysts. The stereochemistry at C(á) and C(â) centers is perfectly controlled, and the intermediate C-3 enolate is trapped with a second Michael acceptor. The developed one-pot three-component consecutive reactions generate up to four contiguous stereocenters, including the C-3 all-carbon quaternary center, in a perfectly defined configuration. The conversion of the â-nitro oxindole into the corresponding â-amino derivative discloses synthetically useful transformations, exploitable to generate pharmaceutically attractive molecular targets.
|
['Alkanes', 'Catalysis', 'Indoles', 'Molecular Structure', 'Nitro Compounds', 'Stereoisomerism', 'Thiourea']
| 24,168,398
|
[['D02.455.326.146'], ['G02.130'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D02.640'], ['G02.607.445.682'], ['D02.065.950.898', 'D02.886.904']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[The ontogeny of the alpha 2- and beta-adrenoreceptors in the brain following exposure to corticosterone during intrauterine development].
|
Ontogenesis of alpha 2- and beta-adrenoreceptors in brain cortex of rats after corticosterone injections to their mothers on days 16 and 18 days of gestation was studied using 3H-clonidine and 3H-dihydroaoprenolol binding. After corticosterone treatment the level of beta-adrenoreceptors was decreased on day 7 but increased on day 16 after birth; On the contrary, catecholamine levels and biosynthesis determined previously were increased in the first and decreased in the second age group. beta-adrenoreceptors' density and noradrenaline level during other periods of pre- and postnatal development remained unchanged. Corticosterone treatment inhibited the increase of alpha 2-adrenoreceptor density during ontogenesis. The decrease of the alpha 2-adrenoreceptors was most significant in 35- and 70-day old rates. The hormone had no effect on the adrenoreceptors' affinity to ligands. Injections of the solvent to the pregnant females which is weak stressor increasing corticosteroids levels in the blood, had a similar but less prominent effect on the ontogenesis of adrenoreceptors in the offspring brain. Thus, the effect of corticosterone on the ontogenesis of the beta-adrenoreceptors is probably associated with changes of the neurotransmitter level, and its effect on alpha 2-adrenoreceptors involves some unknown specific hormone-dependent regulator.
|
['Animals', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Clonidine', 'Corticosterone', 'Dihydroalprenolol', 'Female', 'Gestational Age', 'Male', 'Pregnancy', 'Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha', 'Receptors, Adrenergic, beta', 'Tritium']
| 1,665,903
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['D03.383.129.308.436.500'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.237', 'D06.472.040.585.353.237'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.055.200', 'D02.033.755.624.698.055.200', 'D02.092.063.624.698.055.200'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.824.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.300.300', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.300.300', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.300.300'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.300.340', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.300.340', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.300.340'], ['D01.268.406.875', 'D01.362.340.875', 'D01.496.749.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Increased Incidence of Thyroid Disease in Patients with Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
|
BACKGROUND: Alopecia areata (AA) is a common, clinically heterogeneous, immune-mediated, nonscarring hair loss disease with a pathogenesis that is not fully understood. The prevalence of thyroid disease is likely increased among individuals with AA. However, this association remains controversial.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risk of thyroid disease in patients with AA.METHODS: We performed a systematic review by searching both English and Chinese literature databases. Random- or fixed-effects models were used to summarize the association between thyroid disease and AA.RESULTS: In total, 17 articles were included in this meta-analysis, with 2,850 AA cases and 4,667 controls. Overall, the prevalence of thyroid disease in patients with AA was significantly increased compared with that in controls (odds ratios 3.66, 95% confidence intervals 2.90-4.61).CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that AA patients should be screened for thyroid disease.
|
['Alopecia Areata', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Prevalence', 'Risk', 'Thyroid Diseases']
| 31,618,741
|
[['C17.800.329.937.122.147'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['C19.874']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Increased serum PCSK9 concentrations are associated with periodontal infection but do not correlate with LDL cholesterol concentration.
|
BACKGROUND: Periodontal disease increases the risk of atherothrombotic disease, and high concentrations of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol are considered to be involved; however, the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Recent studies demonstrated that proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) plays a critical role in circulating LDL cholesterol concentrations. The aim of the present study is to analyze serum PCSK9 concentrations and their relation to lipoprotein concentrations in periodontitis patients.METHODS: Sera were obtained from 40 periodontitis patients and 30 control subjects. PCSK9 concentrations, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), IL-6, TNF-á and Porphyromonas gingivalis antibodies were measured by ELISA, and lipid profiles were determined by a commercial laboratory.RESULTS: Periodontitis patients demonstrated significantly higher serum antibody titer to P. gingivalis and hs-CRP concentrations than control subjects, suggesting infection with P. gingivalis and a systemic inflammatory response. PCSK9 concentrations in periodontitis patients were significantly higher than those in control subjects. However, the concentrations of total and LDL cholesterols were not significantly different between periodontitis patients and control subjects. Moreover, no correlations were observed between PCSK9 concentrations and lipid profiles.CONCLUSION: Periodontal infection upregulates PCSK9 production. However, further studies are required to elucidate how periodontal infection affects PCSK9 concentrations and subsequent lipid metabolism.
|
['Adult', 'Antibodies, Bacterial', 'C-Reactive Protein', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cholesterol, LDL', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-6', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Periodontitis', 'Porphyromonas gingivalis', 'Proprotein Convertase 9', 'Proprotein Convertases', 'Serine Endopeptidases', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 22,001,517
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.107', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.125'], ['D12.776.034.145', 'D12.776.124.050.120', 'D12.776.124.486.157'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.244', 'D10.532.515.500', 'D10.570.938.208.275', 'D12.776.521.550.500'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C07.465.714.533'], ['B03.440.080.094.625.515', 'B03.440.425.410.194.625.515'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.718', 'D08.811.277.656.837.688', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.718'], ['D08.811.277.656.837'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Thymoma of the left thymic lobe with a contralateral small pleural implant successfully detected with diffusion-weighted MRI.
|
Thymoma is the most common primary neoplasm of the anterior mediastinum. At diagnosis, up to 40% of patients present with advanced disease. Because advanced thymomas receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy, diagnostic imaging is crucial to plan the correct treatment. For characterizing thymomas, CT is the first choice modality, whereas 18F-FDG/PET is reserved for questionable cases and MRI is not routinely employed. Hereby, we describe a case of thymoma with a single contralateral pleural implant in a 30-year-old woman. The small pleural thickening detected at CT was correctly interpreted as pleural seeding related to thymoma at diffusion-weighted (DW)-MRI after a negative 18F-FDG/PET scan, and was subsequently confirmed at surgery. Precise diagnosis and accurate preoperative staging are crucial in managing thymic epithelial tumours in order to design the appropriate treatment and improve prognosis. Indeed, when stage IVa for pleural seeding is diagnosed preoperatively, a multimodality approach including primary chemotherapy followed by surgery and postoperative radiotherapy/chemotherapy is recommended. This is the first report that used DW-MRI for the characterization of pleural seeding in thymoma and demonstrates that DW-MRI could be useful for the correct pre-operatory staging in thymoma patients, especially in cases with indeterminate pleural thickenings at CT, in order to define the correct management.
|
['Adult', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Chemotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Contrast Media', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Female', 'Fluorodeoxyglucose F18', 'Humans', 'Myasthenia Gravis', 'Neoadjuvant Therapy', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Pleural Neoplasms', 'Positron-Emission Tomography', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Thymoma', 'Thymus Neoplasms', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 25,702,681
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['E02.186.170', 'E02.319.170'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['E01.171'], ['E01.370.350.825.500.150'], ['D09.254.229.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.614.550.500', 'C04.730.856.490', 'C10.114.656', 'C10.574.781.588', 'C10.668.758.725', 'C20.111.258.500'], ['E02.186.450'], ['E01.789.625'], ['C04.588.894.797.640', 'C08.528.694', 'C08.785.640'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['C04.557.435.850', 'C04.588.894.949.500', 'C15.604.861.800'], ['C04.588.894.949', 'C15.604.861'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Immunoelectrophoretic differentiation of alpha-fetoprotein in disorders with elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein levels or during pregnancy.
|
Our study aims to make differential diagnosis by immunoelectrophoresis for some common conditions with elevated levels of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). One hundred and nine cases with elevated AFP levels were included in this study: yolk sac tumor (n = 8), hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 26), gastric cancer (n = 12), chronic hepatitis (n = 27) and normal pregnancy (n = 36). Lectin agarose gel electrophoresis, antibody-affinity blotting, and immunoreaction were used to identify the specific patterns of AFP in the respective conditions. The results showed that there were three possible bands: L1, L2 and L3. Yolk sac tumor produced a prominent L2 band and a light L3 band. Hepatocellular carcinoma produced a prominent L1 band and a light L3 band. Gastric cancer produced only an L1 band. Chronic hepatitis had a light L1 band and a pronounced L3 band. In pregnancy, the AFP pattern is similar to that of hepatocellular carcinoma. Immunoelectrophoresis is a useful method facilitating the differentiation of AFP origins.
|
['Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Chronic Disease', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Endodermal Sinus Tumor', 'Female', 'Hepatitis', 'Humans', 'Immunoelectrophoresis', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Neoplasms', 'Pregnancy', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'alpha-Fetoproteins']
| 7,492,383
|
[['D23.101.140'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E01.171'], ['C04.557.465.510.350'], ['C06.552.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645.350.350', 'E05.196.401.568', 'E05.200.812.735.645.350.350', 'E05.301.300.568', 'E05.478.594.760.645.350.350', 'E05.478.605.492.350.350'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['C04'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['D12.776.124.790.106.092', 'D12.776.320.525.500', 'D12.776.377.228.500', 'D12.776.377.715.085.092', 'D23.101.140.050']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Ultrasonographic study on effects of Wendan Xiezhuo method in improving vascular endothelial diastolic function and atherosclerosis in hypertension patients with turbid-phlegm syndrome].
|
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of Wendan Xiezhuo method (WXM) on carotid arteriosclerosis and vascular endothelial diastolic function in essential hypertension (EH) patients with turbid-phlegm syndrome (TPS).METHODS: Forty-three EH patients of medium and low risk with TPS were randomly assigned to two groups, the Wendan Tablet (WT) group (23 cases) and the placebo group (20 cases), they were treated with WT and placebo respectively on the base of amlodipine treatment to control the blood pressure. Carotid intimamedia thickness (IMT), atherosclerotic plaque score of carotid artery, endothelium-dependent dilation (EDD) and flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) of brachial artery after taking nitroglycerin were detected with ultrasonography before and after 6 months of treatment.RESULTS: As compared with those in the placebo group, in the WT group after treatment, scores of TPS and carotid plaque were better, area of carotid plaque was lesser and IMT was lower significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01). There was a negative correlation between brachial artery EDD and carotid IMT in EH patients with TPS (r = - 0.596, P < 0.05). After treatment EDD was improved more significantly in the WT group than that in the placebo group, however, no significant difference was found in non-endothelium-dependent dilation between the two groups.CONCLUSION: A negative correlation exists between brachial artery EDD and carotid IMT, and the latter could be aggravated by TPS in EH patients. WXM shows favorable effects in improving carotid plaque and EDD.
|
['Aged', 'Atherosclerosis', 'Carotid Arteries', 'Carotid Artery Diseases', 'Drugs, Chinese Herbal', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Phytotherapy', 'Syndrome', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Ultrasonography']
| 17,302,058
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.907.137.126.307'], ['A07.015.114.186'], ['C10.228.140.300.200', 'C14.907.253.123'], ['D20.215.784.500.350', 'D26.335'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.190.755'], ['C23.550.288.500'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Isolation of rat ventral prostate basal and luminal epithelial cells by the STAPUT technique.
|
BACKGROUND: The prostatic epithelium consists principally of basal epithelial cells, luminal epithelial cells, and neuroendocrine cells. Several studies support the concept that among basal cells, a subpopulation of stem cells resides which is capable of giving rise to other stem cells, basal epithelial cells, and also luminal epithelial cells and neuroendocrine cells. Other investigators suggest that luminal epithelial cells can also regenerate prostatic epithelium. Availability of pure populations of basal and luminal epithelial cells will aid in studies on defining the cellular pathways of differentiation during normal and pathological conditions. This study was designed to isolate and characterize pure populations of basal and luminal epithelial cells from adult rat ventral prostates.METHODS: Sequential enzymatic digestion and differential plating permitted the separation of glandular epithelial cells from stromal cells. The glandular epithelial cells were subjected to the STAPUT technique.RESULTS: Two types of cell populations, a large single-cell population and a small single-cell population, were obtained and characterized as basal and luminal epithelial cells by immunostaining for cytokeratin 5 and cytokeratin 8, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that purified populations of prostatic basal and luminal epithelial cells can be isolated by the STAPUT technique.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Culture Techniques', 'Cell Separation', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Male', 'Prostate', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley']
| 10,517,875
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.500.223', 'E05.200.500.265', 'E05.242.223', 'E05.481.500.249'], ['E01.370.225.500.363', 'E05.200.500.363', 'E05.242.363'], ['A11.436'], ['A05.360.444.575', 'A10.336.707'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The laparoscopic management of benign bowel fistulas.
|
BACKGROUND: The presence of a fistula has usually been a factor predicting high conversion and complication rates following laparoscopic procedures for Crohn's disease and diverticulitis.METHODS: We studied retrospective data collected from the medical case notes of patients. A single surgeon carried out all these procedures from 1991 through 2001.RESULTS: Fourteen patients underwent 15 procedures. Six patients were males and 8 were females. The diagnosis was Crohn's disease in 10 patients and diverticulitis in 4. In 10 cases, the operation was the primary procedure, but 5 procedures were for recurrences. Two patients with diverticulitis and 3 with Crohn's disease had only the fistulae divided with the application of an Endo-GIA stapier across the fistulae (stapled fistulectomy). No bowel resections were carried out in these 5 patients. Four cases had to be converted due to bleeding (23%). The only postoperative complication was a single case of wound infection after conversion.CONCLUSION: The presence of a fistula isn't necessarily an indication for conversion. If it is possible to dissect the loops free, we believe that a stapled fistulectomy is effective with a low incidence of fistula recurrence, especially in Crohn's disease.
|
['Crohn Disease', 'Digestive System Surgical Procedures', 'Diverticulitis, Colonic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intestinal Fistula', 'Laparoscopy', 'Male', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Surgical Stapling']
| 15,554,280
|
[['C06.405.205.731.500', 'C06.405.469.432.500'], ['E04.210'], ['C06.405.205.282.500.250', 'C06.405.469.158.587.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.267.550', 'C06.405.469.471', 'C23.300.575.185.550'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E04.987.775.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Elevated monocyte distribution width in COVID-19 patients: The contribution of the novel sepsis indicator.
|
INTRODUCTION: Interesting results regarding the contribution of MDW (Monocyte Distribution Width) in the Infectious Disease Unit have been reported. An observational study is ongoing at San Donato Hospital with the aim to evaluate the contribution of MDW in the diagnostic pathway in adult patients entering in the ED setting and tested for SARS-CoV-2.MATERIAL AND METHOD: COVID-19 symptomatic and paucisymptomatic patients presenting to ED (Emergency Department), have been enrolled consecutively. Whole blood venous samples have been collected on K2 EDTA for MDW determination, at the same time a nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection have been collected.RESULTS: One hundred six patients were negative for SARS-CoV-2 with MDW mean value of 20.3 ± 3.3, while forty-one were positive for SARS-CoV-2 with higher MDW mean value of 27.3 ± 4.9 (P < 0.005). The ROC curve analysis has been evaluated showing MDW AUC of 0.91. Finally twenty-three patients hospitalized in high-intensity care unit showed an MDW value higher than the eighteen patients presenting few symptoms [28.8 ± 5.3 vs 25.4 ± 3.6 respectively, P < 0.05].DISCUSSION: Monocytic population, in Covid19 disease, are the first elements of innate immunity to be involved, these changes are the basis of the modification of the MDW, with evident efficacy in term of sensitivity, particularly in the studied Covid19 patients. Moreover the patients hospitalized in high-intensity care unit showed significantly elevated MDW respects to middle or low symptomatic one, suggest including this parameter as prognostic marker or of therapy efficacy, integrated with other laboratory findings.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Betacoronavirus', 'COVID-19', 'Cell Size', 'Clinical Laboratory Techniques', 'Coronavirus Infections', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Monocytes', 'Pandemics', 'Pneumonia, Viral', 'SARS-CoV-2', 'Sepsis']
| 32,504,637
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B04.820.578.500.540.150.113'], ['C01.748.214', 'C01.748.610.763.500', 'C01.925.705.500', 'C01.925.782.600.550.200.163', 'C08.381.677.807.500', 'C08.730.214', 'C08.730.610.763.500'], ['G04.325'], ['E01.370.225', 'E05.200'], ['C01.925.782.600.550.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['N06.850.290.200.600'], ['C01.748.610.763', 'C01.925.705', 'C08.381.677.807', 'C08.730.610.763'], ['B04.820.578.500.540.150.113.968'], ['C01.757', 'C23.550.470.790.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Association of Ovarian Tumor â2-Adrenergic Receptor Status with Ovarian Cancer Risk Factors and Survival.
|
BACKGROUND: The â2-adrenergic signaling pathway mediates the effects of chronic stress on ovarian cancer progression in mouse models. The relevance of this pathway to human ovarian cancer remains unknown.METHODS: We assessed tumor expression of â2-adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) using tissue microarrays in 237 ovarian cancer cases from the Nurses' Health Studies (NHS/NHSII). Competing risks Cox regression was used to evaluate whether associations of reproductive, hormonal, and psychosocial factors with ovarian cancer risk differed by ADRB2. We also examined the association between tumor ADRB2 expression and ovarian cancer survival.RESULTS: Forty-five (19%) cases were positive for ADRB2 staining. High levels of anxiety symptoms were positively associated with ADRB2-positive tumors (HR, 2.59; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15-5.84) but not with ADRB2-negative tumors (HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.81-1.66; Pheterogeneity = 0.07). We observed similar results for depression. No associations were observed for job strain, caregiving stress, or widowhood for either positive or negative ADRB2 status. Lifetime ovulatory years were more strongly associated with ADRB2-positive tumors (HR per 5 years, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.15-2.21) compared with ADRB2-negative tumors (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.96-1.27; Pheterogeneity = 0.04). Significant heterogeneity by ADRB2 was also observed for parity (Pheterogeneity = 0.01), oral contraceptive use (Pheterogeneity = 0.03), and age at menopause (Pheterogeneity = 0.04). Tumor expression of ADRB2 was not associated with ovarian cancer mortality (HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.69-1.59).CONCLUSIONS: Several stress- and ovulation-related factors were differentially associated with ovarian tumors responsive to â2-adrenergic signaling.IMPACT: Replication in larger studies is warranted to confirm the role of â2-adrenergic signaling in ovarian cancer etiology. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(12); 1587-94. ©2016 AACR.
|
['Aged', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Menopause', 'Middle Aged', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Parity', 'Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2', 'Risk Factors', 'Signal Transduction']
| 27,587,791
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.157.500', 'G08.686.841.249.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['G08.686.677', 'G08.686.784.769.472', 'N06.850.490.812.600'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.300.340.200', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.300.340.725', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.300.340.200'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Assessment of mental status at the drivers of the vehicles after using alcohol or drunk driving].
|
UNLABELLED: Alcohol changes the behavior and works toward making behavior carrying a risk, such as driving in the state of intoxication, work at height, using machines requiring full medical fitness, breach of security at work. The aim of the study was to present a preliminary assessment of the mental state of drivers by gender, to driving under the influence of alcohol or in a state of intoxication, who volunteered for the study to the Regional Occupational Health Centre in Kielce and psychological analysis of the type of decisions which the driver received after the testing.MATERIAL AND METHODS: 526 papers were assessed psychological examination of drivers surveyed in 2004, 2007 and 2010 who received a positive psychological judgment of the scheduled date of follow-up examination or negative. In 2012, an additional random sample of 50 drivers who ran a vehicle under the influence of alcohol were assessed using the general health Questionnaire (GHQ-The General Health Questionnaires) David Goldberg.RESULTS: Of the 526 drivers surveyed 3774 due to mental disorders received a favorable ruling or negative term. Psychological judgments of 526 400 were issued to the timing of follow-up examination and negative 126th. The 320 drivers had alcohol dependence syndrome. That 155 was referred to the outpatient alcohol treatment centers facilities located near their place of residence. Only 3 drivers in Group 50 evaluated using a questionnaire GHQ had symptoms of depression.CONCLUSIONS: An important reason for inability to drive are the irregularities observed in psychological tests. In 35% are impaired motor skills, 23% personality disorder, 20% of changes in tests assessing intelligence and memory. There was no significant relationship (p = 0.5583) between gender and the concentration of GGT in the category of normal.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Automobile Driving', 'Comorbidity', 'Depression', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mental Disorders', 'Middle Aged', 'Personality Disorders', 'Poland', 'Risk-Taking', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Young Adult']
| 23,437,702
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['I03.125'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F03.675'], ['Z01.542.248.679'], ['F01.145.722'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Filamentous contacts: the ultrastructure and three-dimensional organization of specialized non-synaptic interneuronal appositions in thalamic relay nuclei.
|
Filamentous contacts are non-synaptic interneuronal junctions characteristic of thalamic relay nuclei. Symmetrical filamentous contacts occur between two dendrites, two somata or a dendrite and a soma; asymmetrical filamentous contacts occur between axon terminals and dendrites, or occasionally somata, chiefly between the large specific afferent axon terminals of the synaptic glomeruli and the shafts of relay cell dendrites. Both are arranged as extensive net-like (reticular) specializations. The strands of the network enclose fenestrae of variable shape and size and, in perpendicular thin sections, appear as stretches of slightly widened intercellular space containing an electron-dense material and bounded by plasma membranes, the cytoplasmic surfaces of which are coated by electron-dense material into which microfilaments appear to insert. The lamina of cytoplasmic material in dendrites and somata is thicker than that in axon terminals and contains distinct electron-dense sub-units. Regular synaptic junctions may be situated like islands within the territory of an asymmetrical filamentous contact, and small spot-like close membrane appositions resembling gap junctions are occasionally seen in the fenestrae adjacent to the strands of both varieties of contact. Bundles of neurofilaments running in different directions, but in a plane parallel to the plasma membrane, are prominent on either side of the symmetrical filamentous contact and on the dendritic side of the asymmetrical variety. The agranular reticulum also exhibits differences between the contact types. Because of their highly specialized ultrastructure and specific distribution, filamentous contacts probably do not serve a purely adhesive function. Their possible role in the establishment and maintenance of orderly connections between cells is discussed but not favoured. Filamentous contacts probably mediate some form of intercellular communication, possibly involving gap junctions.
|
['Intercellular Junctions', 'Neurons', 'Synapses', 'Thalamic Nuclei']
| 9,042,771
|
[['A11.284.149.165.420'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780'], ['A08.186.211.200.317.826.701']]
|
['Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Association of GCN1-GCN20 regulatory complex with the N-terminus of eIF2alpha kinase GCN2 is required for GCN2 activation.
|
Stimulation of GCN4 mRNA translation due to phosphorylation of the alpha-subunit of initiation factor 2 (eIF2) by its specific kinase, GCN2, requires binding of uncharged tRNA to a histidyl-tRNA synthetase (HisRS)-like domain in GCN2. GCN2 function in vivo also requires GCN1 and GCN20, but it was unknown whether these latter proteins act directly to promote the stimulation of GCN2 by uncharged tRNA. We found that the GCN1-GCN20 complex physically interacts with GCN2, binding to the N-terminus of the protein. Overexpression of N-terminal GCN2 segments had a dominant-negative phenotype that correlated with their ability to interact with GCN1-GCN20 and impede association between GCN1 and native GCN2. Consistently, this Gcn(-) phenotype was suppressed by overexpressing GCN2, GCN1-GCN20 or tRNA(His). The requirement for GCN1 was also reduced by overexpressing tRNA(His) in a gcn1Delta strain. We conclude that binding of GCN1-GCN20 to GCN2 is required for its activation by uncharged tRNA. The homologous N-terminus of Drosophila GCN2 interacted with yeast GCN1-GCN20 and had a dominant Gcn(-) phenotype, suggesting evolutionary conservation of this interaction.
|
['ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters', 'Alleles', 'Amino Acids', 'Blotting, Western', 'Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins', 'Carrier Proteins', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Glutathione Transferase', 'Peptide Elongation Factors', 'Phenotype', 'Precipitin Tests', 'Protein Kinases', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Ribosomes', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Yeasts']
| 10,775,272
|
[['D12.776.157.530.100', 'D12.776.395.550.020', 'D12.776.543.550.192', 'D12.776.543.585.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['D12.125'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['D12.776.419.500'], ['D12.776.157'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D12.776.835.725.868.249'], ['D12.776.354'], ['D08.811.913.225.500'], ['D12.776.835.700'], ['G05.695'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645', 'E05.196.150.639.500', 'E05.200.812.735.645', 'E05.478.594.760.645', 'E05.478.605.492'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['B01.300.930']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sequence variation in ligand binding sites in proteins.
|
BACKGROUND: The recent explosion in the availability of complete genome sequences has led to the cataloging of tens of thousands of new proteins and putative proteins. Many of these proteins can be structurally or functionally categorized from sequence conservation alone. In contrast, little attention has been given to the meaning of poorly-conserved sites in families of proteins, which are typically assumed to be of little structural or functional importance.RESULTS: Recently, using statistical free energy analysis of tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domains, we observed that positions in contact with peptide ligands are more variable than surface positions in general. Here we show that statistical analysis of TPRs, ankyrin repeats, Cys2His2 zinc fingers and PDZ domains accurately identifies specificity-determining positions by their sequence variation. Sequence variation is measured as deviation from a neutral reference state, and we present probabilistic and information theory formalisms that improve upon recently suggested methods such as statistical free energies and sequence entropies.CONCLUSION: Sequence variation has been used to identify functionally-important residues in four selected protein families. With TPRs and ankyrin repeats, protein families that bind highly diverse ligands, the effect is so pronounced that sequence "hypervariation" alone can be used to predict ligand binding sites.
|
['Binding Sites', 'Conserved Sequence', 'Ligands', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Peptides', 'Receptors, Cell Surface', 'Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid', 'Sequence Analysis, Protein']
| 16,194,281
|
[['G02.111.570.120'], ['G02.111.570.580'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['D12.776.660'], ['D12.644'], ['D12.776.543.750'], ['G02.111.570.080.708', 'G05.360.080.708'], ['E05.393.760.705']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Behavioral changes in dogs associated with the development of idiopathic epilepsy.
|
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to demonstrate behavioral changes with the development of epilepsy in dogs, a species proposed as a naturally occurring animal model for human epilepsy.METHODS: Owners of dogs diagnosed with idiopathic epilepsy (n=80) completed a modified, previously-validated behavioral and seizure questionnaire. Principal axis factor analysis identified behavioral factors, the scores for which were compared before and after the development of epilepsy.RESULTS: Drug-na?ve dogs showed an increase in the behavior factors Fear/Anxiety, Defensive Aggression, and Abnormal Perception. In dogs receiving antiepileptic medication, there were still increases in Fear/Anxiety and Abnormal Perception, but no longer in Defensive Aggression. Additional increases were observed in Abnormal Reactivity, Attachment Disorder, Demented Behavior, and Apathetic Behavior. Pharmacoresistant dogs had larger increases in Controlling Aggression, Abnormal Perception, and Demented Behavior than drug responders.CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that dogs, like humans and rodents, exhibit neurobehavioral comorbidities with the development of epilepsy.
|
['Animals', 'Anticonvulsants', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Dogs', 'Epilepsy', 'Factor Analysis, Statistical', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Sex Factors', 'Species Specificity', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 21,531,631
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.427.080'], ['F01.145.113'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['C10.228.140.490'], ['E05.318.740.400', 'N05.715.360.750.350', 'N06.850.520.830.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['G16.824'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Voltage-dependent block by strychnine of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid-activated cationic channels in rat cortical neurons in culture.
|
Single-channel currents were recorded by means of the patch clamp method in outside-out patches excised from rat cortical neurons in primary culture. The excitatory amino acid N-methyl-D-aspartic acid activated mainly 40-50 pS conductance channels. Channel opening durations were characterized by a series of rapid openings and closures induced by the presence of Mg2+ ions. This inhibitory effect was voltage dependent. Strychnine, the antagonist of the glycine-gated Cl- channels, blocks the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid-activated cationic channel in cultured rat cortical neurons. Strychnine action is voltage dependent and it is not counteracted by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ruling out Mg2+ contamination of strychnine. It has been reported recently that glycine increases the rate of openings of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid-activated channels. This action is not affected by the presence of strychnine. Our results show that 1) Mg2+ and strychnine have an apparently similar intermediate blocking action on the NMDA-activated channels, 2) strychnine presumably acts as a sequential open channel blocker producing a different type of block compared with the one reported for Mg2+ ions, and 3) the lack of effect of strychnine on the glycine potentiation of the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid response indicates that this alkaloid does not competitively antagonize glycine but acts as an open channel blocker.
|
['Allosteric Regulation', 'Animals', 'Cations', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Drug Interactions', 'Glycine', 'Ion Channels', 'Kainic Acid', 'Magnesium', 'Oxadiazoles', 'Quisqualic Acid', 'Rats', 'Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate', 'Receptors, Neurotransmitter', 'Strychnine']
| 2,457,795
|
[['G02.111.044'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.248.497.300'], ['A11.251'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['D12.125.481'], ['D12.776.157.530.400', 'D12.776.543.550.450', 'D12.776.543.585.400'], ['D03.383.773.400'], ['D01.268.552.437', 'D01.268.557.500', 'D01.552.547.500'], ['D03.383.129.462.580'], ['D03.383.129.462.580.600', 'D12.125.755'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.500.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.400.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.720'], ['D03.132.436.681.722', 'D03.633.100.473.402.681.722', 'D03.633.100.496.500.500.681.722']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Does the renin-angiotensin system determine the renal and systemic hemodynamic response to sodium in patients with essential hypertension?
|
Many patients with essential hypertension respond to a high dietary sodium intake with a rise in blood pressure. Experimental evidence suggests that the renal hemodynamic response to sodium determines, at least partially, this rise in blood pressure. Our aim was to clarify the role of the renin-angiotensin system in the renal and systemic adaptation to a change in dietary sodium. We studied changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) (millimeters of mercury), effective renal plasma flow (ERPF), body weight, and immunoreactive renin in 17 patients with essential hypertension and 15 normotensive control subjects, randomly crossing over between a 3-week sodium-restricted (50 mmol/24 h) and a sodium-replete (200 mmol/24 h) diet period. In addition, the effects of renin inhibition by remikiren (600 mg, single oral dose) were studied during the high sodium period. In normotensive control subjects, high sodium intake had no effect on MAP or body weight, whereas ERPF increased (490 +/- 19 to 535 +/- 21 mL/min, P < .05) and immunoreactive renin decreased (32 +/- 6 to 14 +/- 1 pg/mL). In hypertensive subjects, high sodium intake induced a heterogeneous response of MAP (median change, 2.6 mm Hg; range, -4.7 to +21.2; P = NS) and ERPF (median change, 21 mL/min; range, -33 to +98; P = NS). Body weight increased from 81.3 +/- 1.9 to 82.5 +/- 2.0 kg (P < .05), and immunoreactive renin decreased from 18 +/- 3 to 10 +/- 1 pg/mL (P < .05). Interestingly, the patients with a distinct rise in MAP showed a blunted ERPF response to high sodium intake (r = -.70, P < .01) and an increase in body weight (r = .76, P < .001). Moreover, the increase of ERPF was more pronounced in patients with a larger fall in immunoreactive renin (r = .77, P < .001). After administration of remikiren, a heterogeneous response in ERPF was observed: the patients with the blunted ERPF response to high sodium intake showed the largest ERPF rise (r = .70, P < .01). The remikiren-induced rise in ERPF correlated (r = .68, P < .01) with the fall in MAP (114 +/- 2 to 110 +/- 2 mm Hg). In conclusion, in patients with essential hypertension a rise in blood pressure in response to high sodium intake appears to partially be the result of insufficient renal vasodilatation. This seems to be due to an inadequate (intrarenal?) renin-angiotensin system response to increased sodium intake.
|
['Adult', 'Antihypertensive Agents', 'Blood Pressure', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Diet, Sodium-Restricted', 'Female', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Imidazoles', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Reference Values', 'Regional Blood Flow', 'Regression Analysis', 'Renal Circulation', 'Renin', 'Renin-Angiotensin System', 'Sodium, Dietary']
| 8,567,042
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.411.162'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['E02.642.249.290', 'G07.203.650.240.290'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['D03.383.129.308'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.978.810'], ['G09.330.100.780'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['G08.852.725', 'G09.330.100.812'], ['D08.811.277.656.074.500.780', 'D08.811.277.656.300.048.780', 'D08.811.277.656.837.750'], ['G03.820', 'G09.330.380.813'], ['D01.857.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Complete comparative genomic analysis of two field isolates of Mamestra configurata nucleopolyhedrovirus-A.
|
A second genotype of Mamestra configurata nucleopolyhedrovirus-A (MacoNPV-A), variant 90/4 (v90/4), was identified due to its altered restriction endonuclease profile and reduced virulence for the host insect, M. configurata, relative to the archetypal genotype, MacoNPV-A variant 90/2 (v90/2). To investigate the genetic differences between these two variants, the genome of v90/4 was sequenced completely. The MacoNPV-A v90/4 genome is 153 656 bp in size, 1404 bp smaller than the v90/2 genome. Sequence alignment showed that there was 99.5 % nucleotide sequence identity between the genomes of v90/4 and v90/2. However, the v90/4 genome has 521 point mutations and numerous deletions and insertions when compared to the genome of v90/2. Gene content and organization in the genome of v90/4 is identical to that in v90/2, except for an additional bro gene that is found in the v90/2 genome. The region between hr1 and orf31 shows the greatest divergence between the two genomes. This region contains three bro genes, which are among the most variable baculovirus genes. These results, together with other published data, suggest that bro genes may influence baculovirus genome diversity and may be involved in recombination between baculovirus genomes. Many ambiguous residues found in the v90/4 sequence also reveal the presence of 214 sequence polymorphisms. Sequence analysis of cloned HindIII fragments of the original MacoNPV field isolate that the 90/4 variant was derived from indicates that v90/4 is an authentic variant and may represent approximately 25 % of the genotypes in the field isolate. These results provide evidence of extensive sequence variation among the individual genomes comprising a natural baculovirus outbreak in a continuous host population.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Genetic Variation', 'Genome, Viral', 'Genotype', 'Larva', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Nucleopolyhedroviruses', 'Psychodidae', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid', 'Species Specificity']
| 15,604,435
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G05.365'], ['G05.360.340.358.840'], ['G05.380'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B04.280.065.500', 'B04.525.100.500'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.781'], ['E05.393.751'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The lysine analog L-oxalysine is an inhibitor of RNA synthesis.
|
1. The lysine analog L-4-oxalysine was found to be a potent inhibitor of RNA synthesis in Candida albicans. 2. The compound was a weak inhibitor of protein synthesis and DNA synthesis was not affected. 3. The inhibition of RNA synthesis was reversed by L-lysine but not D-lysine. 4. The decrease in the level of newly synthesized RNA in cells treated with L-oxalysine was due to inhibition of de novo synthesis rather than to degradation of RNA.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Amino Acids, Dicarboxylic', 'Candida albicans', 'DNA, Fungal', 'Electrophoresis, Agar Gel', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Kinetics', 'Lysine', 'RNA, Fungal']
| 1,582,527
|
[['D12.125'], ['D12.125.119'], ['B01.300.107.795.095.326', 'B01.300.381.147.326', 'B01.300.930.176.326'], ['D13.444.308.300'], ['E05.196.401.153', 'E05.301.300.100'], ['D12.776.354'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D12.125.068.555', 'D12.125.095.647', 'D12.125.142.497'], ['D13.444.735.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Serum concentration of integrin-linked kinase in malignant pleural mesothelioma and after asbestos exposure.
|
OBJECTIVES: Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) is an intracellular protein implicated in chronic inflammation and neoplastic transformation. In a recently accomplished pilot study, we showed that ILK can be detected in the serum of patients with benign and malignant chest diseases, including malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Interestingly, average serum ILK concentrations were 10 times higher in MPM patients when compared with the rest of the study population, and a diagnostic test solely based on serum ILK concentration could discriminate between MPM and non-MPM with considerable accuracy. This study aimed to investigate whether serum ILK concentration could also be used to discriminate between MPM and asbestos exposure only.METHODS: Using a self-developed sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we measured serum ILK concentrations in 101 MPM patients, and 96 asbestos-exposed, but healthy insulation workers. Seventy-three MPM patients had an epitheloid subtype (72.3%), and 42 had a Stage I or II disease (41.6%).RESULTS: When compared with asbestos-exposed individuals, MPM patients of all clinical stages had significantly higher (mean ± standard deviation, median) serum ILK concentrations (10.7 ± 13.6, median 7 ng/ml vs 3.1 ± 4.6, median 1.4 ng/ml; P < 0.001). Among MPM patients, the serum ILK concentration was significantly higher at advanced disease stages III + IV than at early stages I + II (13.7 ± 15.9, median 8.5 ng/ml vs 6.7 ± 7.8, median 3.5 ng/ml; P = 0.02). Using serum ILK to discriminate between MPM patients and asbestos-exposed individuals yielded an area under the curve of 0.69 (95% confidence interval 0.63-0.76). The corresponding sensitivity and specificity for a cut-off of 4.49 ng/ml ILK are 61.4 and 80.2%, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: These data show significant differences between MPM patients and asbestos-exposed but healthy individuals concerning their serum ILK concentration. Furthermore, since ILK levels are increased in advanced MPM stages in comparison with early MPM stages, we suggest evaluating its potential use as a marker of disease progression in MPM.
|
['Aged', 'Air Pollutants, Occupational', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Asbestos', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mesothelioma', 'Middle Aged', 'Occupational Exposure', 'Pleural Neoplasms', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'ROC Curve', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 23,045,294
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.888.284.101.268'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D01.578.725.050', 'D01.837.725.700.760.070'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E01.171'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.470.035.510', 'C04.557.470.660.510'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N06.850.460.350.600'], ['C04.588.894.797.640', 'C08.528.694', 'C08.785.640'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Detection of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in environmental samples from public schools.
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The number of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts that can be found in random environmental samples is probably low; in addition, these cysts may be confused with Hammondia spp. and Neospora spp. oocysts. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the presence of T. gondii oocysts in the soil of public elementary schools in the northwest area of the state of S?o Paulo, Brazil using mouse bioassays. A comparison was made between the different available bioassay techniques, such as squash, histopathology, immunohistochemistry and indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). T. gondii was isolated by bioassay in mice (squash brain samples) from 22.58% (7/31) of the school playgrounds. Immunohistochemistry and IFAT showed positive results in 32.26% (10/31) and 25.80% (8/31) of samples, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the immunohistochemistry method were 85.71% and 83.33%, respectively. The IFAT results showed 100% sensitivity and 95.83% specificity. The presence of T. gondii was not detected in histopathological examinations. The results of the present study strongly suggest that T. gondii oocysts are widely distributed in elementary public schools in the region that was evaluated, likely constituting the main contamination source for these children. Educational programs directed at reducing environmental contamination with T. gondii would eventually lower the cost of treating humans for clinical toxoplasmosis. It is also possible to conclude that the use of IFAT in mouse bioassays can be recommended without the need for brain cysts research, which is extremely difficult and laborious.
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['Animals', 'Biological Assay', 'Brazil', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Mice', 'Oocysts', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Schools', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Soil', 'Toxoplasma', 'Toxoplasmosis']
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['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
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