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In-vitro activity of ofloxacin against Chlamydia trachomatis.
|
The in-vitro activity of ofloxacin was evaluated against recently isolated Chlamydia trachomatis strains from patients suffering from non-gonococcal urethritis. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) proved to be 1 mg/l against 8 of the 10 strains assayed (the MICs for the other two strains were 0.5 and 2 mg/l). The data obtained confirm that ofloxacin is active against Chlamydia trachomatis at concentrations achievable with the routine dosage regimen. The drug may thus be regarded as potentially useful for the treatment of non-gonococcal urethritis due to Chlamydia.
|
['Chlamydia trachomatis', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Ofloxacin']
| 2,809,689
|
[['B03.440.190.190.190.750'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Remote monitoring of health status of the elderly at home. A multidisciplinary project on aging at the University of New South Wales.
|
This paper discusses the design and implementation of a multidisciplinary research project and associated field trials to test the hypothesis that functional health status amongst the elderly can be accurately determined remotely by continuously monitoring relatively simple parameters that measure the interaction between participants and their environment. In this study we propose that changes in such simple measures as mobility, sleep patterns, and utilisation of cooking, washing and toilet facilities, can identify changes in functional health status. One of the primary end goals of the project will be to automatically prompt appropriate, timely and cost-effective intervention of medical and community based services to help reduce morbidity and maintain an independent high quality of life for the elderly. Targeted intervention will diminish the demand for high cost medical services. This will have large potential economic implications in helping to contain and reduce the increasing cost of providing health care services to the aged.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Aged', 'Baths', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Community Health Services', 'Computer Communication Networks', 'Cooking', 'Cost Control', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Health Services for the Aged', 'Health Status', 'Home Care Services', 'Humans', 'Monitoring, Physiologic', 'New South Wales', 'Pilot Projects', 'Quality of Life', 'Sleep', 'Telemetry', 'Toilet Facilities']
| 8,847,123
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.056.110'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['N02.421.143'], ['L01.224.230.110'], ['J01.576.423.200.200'], ['N03.219.151.160'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['N02.421.320'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['N02.421.143.524', 'N02.421.539.089'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.520'], ['Z01.639.100.750', 'Z01.678.100.373.750'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['F02.830.855', 'G11.561.803'], ['E01.370.520.750', 'E05.925', 'L01.178.847.675'], ['J03.962', 'N06.850.780.200.800.800.795', 'N06.850.860.510.490']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
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Influence of depression and HIV serostatus on the neuropsychological performance of injecting drug users.
|
Depression is common in injecting drug users (IDUs), a group at significant risk for HIV infection. Moreover, both HIV infection and depression have been shown to adversely effect neurocognitive abilities. Understanding the effects of depression and HIV infection on the neurocognitive functioning of drug users is essential for appropriate management and/or treatment of these deficits in this population. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of depression and HIV status on cognitive functioning in 100 male and female IDUs. Participants were categorized into three groups of depression severity based on their scores on the Beck Depression Inventory: no depression, mild depression, and moderate to severe depression. The effects of depression and HIV serostatus as well as their interaction were assessed. Results indicated that regardless of serostatus, those with moderate to severe depression had lower scores on cognitive measures. These findings suggest that although depression contributes to poor neuropsychological performance in IDUs, this effect was not exacerbated by HIV infection. The finding also illustrates the importance of addressing depression-related neurocognitive deficits in IDUs.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Cognition', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry)', 'Ethnic Groups', 'Factor Analysis, Statistical', 'Female', 'Florida', 'HIV Seronegativity', 'HIV Seropositivity', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Sex Characteristics', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Substance Abuse, Intravenous', 'Viral Load']
| 16,048,441
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F02.463.188'], ['F03.600.300'], ['E01.190'], ['M01.686.754', 'N01.224.317'], ['E05.318.740.400', 'N05.715.360.750.350', 'N06.850.520.830.400'], ['Z01.107.567.875.750.350'], ['G12.400'], ['C01.221.250.875.500', 'C01.221.812.640.400.500', 'C01.778.640.400.500', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.500', 'C01.925.813.400.500', 'C20.673.480.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.513'], ['G08.686.815'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['C25.775.793', 'F03.900.793'], ['E01.370.225.875.950', 'E05.200.875.950', 'G06.920.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Trans Tasman Radiation Oncology Group: Development of the Assessment of New Radiation Oncology Technology and Treatments (ANROTAT) Framework.
|
INTRODUCTION: The study aim was to develop a generic framework to derive the parameters to populate health-economic models for the rapid evaluation of new techniques and technologies in radiation oncology.METHODS: A draft framework was developed through horizon scanning for relevant technologies, literature review to identify framework models, and a workshop program with radiation oncology professionals, biostatisticians, health economists and consumers to establish the Framework's structure. It was tested using four clinical protocols, comparing intensity modulated with 3D conformal therapy (post-prostatectomy, anal canal and nasopharynx) and image-guided radiation therapy techniques with off-line review of portal imaging (in the intact prostate).RESULTS: The draft generic research framework consisted of five sequential stages, each with a number of components, and was assessed as to its suitability for deriving the evidence needed to populate the decision-analytic models required for the health-economic evaluations. A final Framework was established from this experience for use by future researchers to provide evidence of clinical efficacy and cost-utility for other novel techniques. The four clinical treatment sites tested during the project were considered suitable to use in future evaluations.CONCLUSIONS: Development of a generic research framework to predict early and long-term clinical outcomes, combined with health-economic data, produced a generally applicable method for the rapid evaluation of new techniques and technologies in radiation oncology. Its application to further health technology assessments in the radiation oncology sector will allow further refinement and support its generalisability.
|
['Biomedical Research', 'Biotechnology', 'Models, Organizational', 'Radiation Oncology', 'Radiotherapy, Computer-Assisted', 'Tasmania']
| 25,345,713
|
[['H01.770.644.145'], ['H01.158.550', 'J01.897.120'], ['E05.599.670', 'N04.452.534'], ['H02.403.429.515.500', 'H02.403.740.650'], ['E02.815.635', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600'], ['Z01.639.100.984', 'Z01.678.100.373.984']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Determination of co-expression of activation antigens on proliferating CD4+, CD4+ CD8+ and CD8+ lymphocyte subsets by dual parameter flow cytometry.
|
The incidence of activation markers on proliferating CD4+, CD4+ CD8+ and CD8+ lymphocyte subsets was determined in a single laser Epics-C fluorescence-activated cell sorter system, using a series of double staining combinations. Experiments were performed after 3 days of culture with PHA on cell fractions enriched for CD4+ or CD8+ lymphocytes before initiation of culture. The percentage of CD4+, CD4+ CD8+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in the total population was determined using double staining with Leu3 PE for the detection of CD4+ cells, and Leu2 FITC for the detection of CD8+ cells. Next, double stainings with Leu3 and Leu2 antibodies conjugated with PE and antibodies directed against activation markers (M) IL-2 receptor, transferrin receptor, HLA-DR antigen and CALLA conjugated with FITC were performed, using the following combinations: Leu3 and Leu2/M, Leu3/M and Leu2/M. The expression of activation markers on CD4+ CD8+ lymphocytes was calculated from the results. Our findings indicate that CALLA is expressed on most CD4+ and all CD4+ CD8+ cells, and on a small percentage of CD8+ lymphocytes; the IL-2 receptor was expressed on most CD4+ cells, on approximately three-quarters of CD4+ CD8+ cells and half the CD8+ cells; HLA-DR was expressed on a small percentage of CD4+ cells, all CD4+ CD8+ cells and half of CD8+ cells. The transferrin receptor was almost exclusively expressed on CD4+ CD8+ cells. The standard deviation of the calculated values did not exceed 13% and this analysis can generally be applied to determine the co-expression of a third marker in a mixture of single and double stained cells using conventional methods.
|
['Adult', 'Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte', 'Antigens, Neoplasm', 'Antigens, Surface', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'HLA-DR Antigens', 'Humans', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Lymphocytes', 'Middle Aged', 'Neprilysin']
| 2,950,175
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D23.050.301.264.894', 'D23.101.100.894'], ['D23.050.285'], ['D23.050.301'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['D12.776.395.550.509.400.440', 'D12.776.543.550.440.400.440', 'D23.050.301.500.400.400.440', 'D23.050.301.500.450.400.440', 'D23.050.705.552.410.400.440', 'D23.050.705.552.450.400.440'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.600', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.600', 'D23.050.285.550', 'D23.101.140.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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| 1
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Physical and genetic mapping of human chromosome 3 loci containing microsatellite repeats.
|
One hundred and six microsatellite repeat-containing loci, including 59 CA-containing repeats from the CEPH/Genethon collection, were regionally assigned on human chromosome 3 using a somatic cell hybrid mapping panel, diving the chromosome into 14 intervals. The others were dinucleotide and tetranucleotide repeat-containing loci newly developed for human chromosome 3, of which 26 were also localized by means of genetic linkage analysis against selected CEPH microsatellites. The regional assignment of these two marker sets in a common mapping panel facilitates their integration. Incorporation of these highly polymorphic loci into the developing physical and genetic maps should provide useful information for studies of various diseases involving chromosome 3.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3', 'DNA Primers', 'DNA, Satellite', 'Humans', 'Lymphocytes', 'Male', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Oligonucleotide Probes', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid']
| 7,834,219
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.183'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.235.250', 'G05.360.162.520.300.235.250'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D13.444.308.480', 'G02.111.570.080.708.800.150', 'G05.360.080.708.800.150', 'G05.360.340.024.220.150', 'G05.360.340.024.850.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D13.444.600.601', 'D27.505.259.750.600.650', 'D27.720.470.530.600.650'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G02.111.570.080.708', 'G05.360.080.708']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Accidental CO poisoning by operating a charcoal grill].
|
In the hut of a garden plot a male body of at first unknown identity was found. Although a natural death was assumed, autopsy was ordered by the court because of the unclear identity. On autopsy bright red post-mortem lividity was found; an assay of the blood showed 55% CO-Hb. A second inspection of the place, where the body was found, revealed that a garden grill, which had originally stood near the entrance of the hut, had been carried out into the garden. To reconstruct the case, measurements of the carbon monoxide concentration in the air of the room were carried through after starting the charcoal grill. The results showed that within 60 min. the carbon monoxide content rose to 0.21% by volume and thus clearly exceeded the limit of 0.1% by volume considered as lethal.
|
['Accidents', 'Carbon Monoxide Poisoning', 'Cause of Death', 'Charcoal', 'Cooking', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postmortem Changes']
| 8,687,276
|
[['N06.850.135'], ['C25.723.455.245'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.250', 'N01.224.935.698.100', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.250', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.250'], ['D01.268.150.150'], ['J01.576.423.200.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.260.224.617']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
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Synthesis and evaluation of thymidine-5'-O-monophosphate analogues as inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis thymidylate kinase.
|
A number of 2'- and 3'-modified thymidine 5'-O-monophosphate analogues were synthesized as potential leads for new anti-mycobacterial drugs. Evaluation of their affinity for Mycobacterium tuberculosis thymidine monophosphate kinase showed that a 2'-halogeno substituent and a 3'-azido function are the most favorable leads for further development of potent inhibitors of this enzyme.
|
['Antitubercular Agents', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Kinetics', 'Models, Molecular', 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis', 'Nucleoside-Phosphate Kinase', 'Thymidine Monophosphate']
| 12,217,356
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085.255'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.599.595'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.702', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.702'], ['D08.811.913.696.650.575'], ['D03.383.742.686.706.788', 'D13.695.201.789.788', 'D13.695.740.706.788']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Inhibition of clathrin-mediated endocytosis selectively attenuates specific insulin receptor signal transduction pathways.
|
To examine the role of clathrin-dependent insulin receptor internalization in insulin-stimulated signal transduction events, we expressed a dominant-interfering mutant of dynamin (K44A/dynamin) by using a recombinant adenovirus in the H4IIE hepatoma and 3T3L1 adipocyte cell lines. Expression of K44A/dynamin inhibited endocytosis of the insulin receptor as determined by both cell surface radioligand binding and trypsin protection analysis. The inhibition of the insulin receptor endocytosis had no effect on either the extent of insulin receptor autophosphorylation or insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) tyrosine phosphorylation. In contrast, expression of K44A/dynamin partially inhibited insulin-stimulated Shc tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases ERK1 and -2. Although there was an approximately 50% decrease in the insulin-stimulated activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase associated with IRS1, insulin-stimulated Akt kinase phosphorylation and activation were unaffected. The expression of K44A/dynamin increased the basal rate of amino acid transport, which was additive with the effect of insulin but had no effect on the basal or insulin-stimulated DNA synthesis. In 3T3L1 adipocytes, expression of K44A/dynamin increased the basal rate of glucose uptake, glycogen synthesis, and lipogenesis without any significant effect on insulin stimulation. Together, these data demonstrate that the acute actions of insulin are largely independent of insulin receptor endocytosis and are initiated by activation of the plasma membrane-localized insulin receptor.
|
['3T3 Cells', 'Adenoviridae', 'Animals', 'Clathrin', 'Dynamins', 'Endocytosis', 'Enzyme Activation', 'GTP Phosphohydrolases', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Glycogen', 'Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins', 'Lipid Metabolism', 'Mice', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases', 'Phosphoproteins', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'Rats', 'Receptor, Insulin', 'Receptors, Transferrin', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Signal Transduction', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Tyrosine']
| 9,632,770
|
[['A11.251.210.100', 'A11.329.228.100'], ['B04.280.030'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.543.990.200'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.200', 'D12.776.220.600.450.200', 'D12.776.543.990.400'], ['G04.417'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D08.811.277.040.330'], ['G05.360.337'], ['D05.750.078.562.388', 'D09.698.365.388'], ['D12.644.360.024.301', 'D12.776.157.057.045', 'D12.776.476.024.382'], ['G03.458'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.644.541'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.500'], ['D12.776.744'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.755', 'D12.776.476.565', 'D12.776.624.664.700.168'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.200', 'D12.776.543.750.630.484', 'D12.776.543.750.750.580.300'], ['D12.776.157.905.500', 'D12.776.543.750.800'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A11.251.860'], ['D12.125.072.050.875']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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| 0
|
Assessment of the urgency and deferability of transfusion to inform emergency blood planning and triage: the Bloodhound prospective audit of red blood cell use.
|
BACKGROUND: Careful planning is essential to ensure blood availability during shortages. Triaging supply is one proposed strategy; however, few data concerning the urgency of transfusion are available to inform planning. This study sought to determine the proportion of red blood cells (RBCs) used for clinically urgent indications.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 5132 RBC units were randomly selected at point of production and distributed into general statewide inventory over a 9-month period. These selected units carried case report forms, for completion at the point of hospital issue for transfusion. Completed forms were returned to the blood service for collation and analysis, capturing information on indication and clinical urgency of supply, including use for potentially deferrable elective surgery.RESULTS: Data from 5052 RBC units indicated that 95.6% were transfused. Approximately one-third of transfused units were used to support surgery, one-third for hematology/oncology, and one-third for other medical and miscellaneous indications. Where used for surgery, 25.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 23.4%-28.0%) were for elective procedures, although urgency of surgery was unknown in 17.1% (95% CI, 15.2%-19.2%) of cases. Supply for nonurgent medical indications and elective surgery only accounted for 9.8% (95% CI, 9.0%-10.6%) of use, with 53.4% (95% CI, 52.0%-54.8%) of RBCs required within 24 hours.CONCLUSIONS: The majority of RBCs are transfused with a high degree of clinical urgency, with only a minor proportion required to support elective surgery.
|
['Blood Transfusion', 'Emergencies', 'Erythrocyte Transfusion', 'Humans', 'Triage']
| 19,624,492
|
[['E02.095.135'], ['C23.550.291.781', 'N06.230.100.083', 'N06.850.376'], ['E02.095.135.140.275'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.421.297.900']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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|
Antiviral effects of sophoridine against coxsackievirus B3 and its pharmacokinetics in rats.
|
Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is a major pathogen for acute and chronic viral myocarditis. The aim of this study was to investigate the antiviral effects of sophoridine, an alkaloid extracted from Chinese medicinal herb, Sophora flavescens, against CVB3, and the underlying pharmacokinetics. First, we determined the antiviral effects of sophoridine against CVB3 in in vitro (primarily cultured myocardial cells), in vivo (BALB/c mice) and serum pharmacological experiments. Then, we determined the pharmacokinetic behavior in serum samples of SD rats after oral administration by HPLC. Finally, we determined the effects of sophoridine on the production of cytokines in a murine viral myocarditis model by measuring mRNA expression of some important cytokines in hearts of infected BALB/c mice by RT-PCR. We found that sophoridine exhibited obvious antiviral effects both in vitro and in vivo, and serum samples obtained from rats with oral administration of sophoridine reduced the virus titers in infected myocardial cells. The serum concentration profile correlated closely with antiviral activity profile. Moreover, sophoridine significantly enhanced mRNA expression of IL-10 and IFN-gamma, but decreased TNF-alpha mRNA expression. In conclusion, sophoridine possesses antiviral activities against CVB3, by regulating cytokine expression, and it is likely that sophoridine itself, not its metabolites, is mainly responsible for the antiviral activities. Therefore, sophoridine may represent a potential therapeutic agent for viral myocarditis.
|
['Alkaloids', 'Animals', 'Antiviral Agents', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Coxsackievirus Infections', 'Cytokines', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Drugs, Chinese Herbal', 'Enterovirus B, Human', 'Longevity', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Myocarditis', 'Myocytes, Cardiac', 'Quinolizines', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Survival Rate', 'Virus Replication']
| 16,309,710
|
[['D03.132'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['A11.251'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['C01.925.782.687.359.213'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D20.215.784.500.350', 'D26.335'], ['B04.820.578.750.284.182'], ['G07.345.124.519', 'G07.540'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['C14.280.238.625'], ['A07.541.704.570', 'A10.690.552.750.570', 'A11.620.500'], ['D03.633.100.834'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Energetics of best performances in middle-distance running.
|
Oxygen consumption (VO2) and blood lactate concentration were determined during constant-speed track running on 16 runners of intermediate level competing in middle distances (0.8-5.0 km). The energy cost of track running per unit distance (Cr) was then obtained from the ratio of steady-state VO2, corrected for lactate production, to speed; it was found to be independent of speed, its overall mean being 3.72 +/- 0.24 J.kg-1 x m-1 (n = 58; 1 ml O2 = 20.9 J). Maximal VO2 (VO2max) was also measured on the same subjects. Theoretical record times were then calculated for each distance and subject and compared with actual seasonal best performances as follows. The maximal metabolic power (Er max) a subject can maintain in running is a known function of VO2max and maximal anaerobic capacity and of the effort duration to exhaustion (te). Er max was then calculated as a function of te from VO2max, assuming a standard value for maximal anaerobic capacity. The metabolic power requirement (Er) necessary to cover a given distance (d) was calculated as a function of performance time (t) from the product Crdt-1 = Er. The time values that solve the equality Er max(te) = Er(t), assumed to yield the theoretical best t, were obtained by an iterative procedure for any given subject and distance and compared with actual records.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aerobiosis', 'Anaerobiosis', 'Energy Metabolism', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lactates', 'Male', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Respiratory Function Tests', 'Running']
| 8,335,562
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G02.111.017', 'G03.049'], ['G02.111.062', 'G03.078'], ['G03.295'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.241.511.459'], ['G03.680'], ['E01.370.386.700'], ['G11.427.410.568.610', 'G11.427.410.698.277.750', 'I03.350.750', 'I03.450.642.845.610']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Morphometric definition and grading of gastric intestinal metaplasia.
|
Type I and type III intestinal metaplasia in gastric mucosa have been examined using morphometric methods. Tissue (volume per cent gland, lumen, epithelium, goblet cell vacuoles) and nuclear parameters (area, with related standard deviation, and form factors) were used as indicators of gland crowding, nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, nuclear atypia, and pleomorphism. In type III intestinal metaplasia, there is significantly (i) greater nuclear pleomorphism, (ii) a higher nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, and (iii) smaller and less numerous goblet cell vacuoles in both the upper and the lower parts of the crypts. These two parameters have significantly higher values in the lower than in the upper part of individual crypts. No cell population with large pleomorphic nuclei characterized type III metaplasia, though there was more variation in nuclear size.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Epithelium', 'Exocrine Glands', 'Female', 'Gastric Mucosa', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Metaplasia', 'Middle Aged', 'Mucins', 'Mucus', 'Sialomucins', 'Stomach', 'Vacuoles']
| 2,391,583
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['A10.272'], ['A10.336'], ['A03.556.875.875.440', 'A10.615.550.291'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.589'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.395.560.631'], ['A12.200.503'], ['D12.776.395.560.631.650'], ['A03.556.875.875'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.920']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Immobilization of collagen peptide on dialdehyde bacterial cellulose nanofibers via covalent bonds for tissue engineering and regeneration.
|
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is an alternative nanostructured biomaterial to be utilized for a wide range of biomedical applications. Because of its low bioactivity, which restricted its practical application, collagen and collagen hydrolysate were usually composited into BC. It is necessary to develop a new method to generate covalent bonds between collagen and cellulose to improve the immobilization of collagen on BC. This study describes a facile dialdehyde BC/collagen peptide nanocomposite. BC was oxidized into dialdehyde bacterial cellulose (DBC) by regioselective oxidation, and then composited with collagen peptide (Col-p) via covalent bonds to form Schiff's base type compounds, which was demonstrated by the results of microstructures, contact angle, Col-p content, and peptide-binding ratio. The peptide-binding ratio was further affected by the degree of oxidation, pH value, and zeta potential. In vitro desorption measurement of Col-p suggested a controlled release mechanism of the nanocomposite. Cell tests indicated that the prepared DBC/Col-p composite was bioactive and suitable for cell adhesion and attachment. This work demonstrates that the DBC/Col-p composite is a promising material for tissue engineering and regeneration.
|
['Biocompatible Materials', 'Cellulose', 'Collagen', 'Immobilized Proteins', 'Nanofibers', 'Tissue Engineering']
| 26,229,466
|
[['D25.130', 'D27.720.102.130', 'J01.637.051.130'], ['D05.750.078.562.180', 'D09.698.365.180', 'D25.720.099.500', 'J01.637.051.720.099.500'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['D12.776.463'], ['J01.637.512.300'], ['E05.481.500.311.500', 'J01.293.069.249.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Constant-pattern design method for the separation of ternary mixtures of rare earth elements using ligand-assisted displacement chromatography.
|
A constant-pattern design method for separating ternary mixtures using ligand-assisted displacement chromatography was developed for non-ideal systems. The general correlation for the minimum column length required to achieve the constant-pattern state for binary separations from our previous study was extended to ternary separations. Additionally, an equation for the yield of a target component as a function of key dimensionless groups was derived based on the constant-pattern mass transfer zone lengths. The column length and operating velocity solved from the two equations ensured the yields and the constant-pattern state for the target components. A selectivity weighted composition factor was developed to allow the design method to specify a minimum target yield for one or multiple components. The design method was verified using simulations and experiments for different targeted yields (70-95%), ligand concentrations (0.03-0.06 M), and feed compositions (1/12-5/6). The targeted yields were achieved or exceeded in all cases tested. The minimum column length required to achieve a constant pattern-state and the productivity of LAD are limited by the lowest selectivity or by a minority component with a low concentration in the feed, even when it does not have the lowest selectivity. Sacrificing the yields of minor components can increase the total productivity significantly. The productivities achieved using this design method are 839 times higher than literature results for ternary separations with the same purity and similar yields.
|
['Chemistry Techniques, Analytical', 'Chromatography', 'Ligands', 'Metals, Rare Earth', 'Molecular Weight']
| 30,424,966
|
[['E05.196'], ['E05.196.181'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['D01.268.558', 'D01.552.550'], ['G02.494']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
DBM induced ectopic bone formation in the rat: the importance of surface area.
|
Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) has been shown to induce ectopic endochondral bone formation, when intramuscularly implanted in rats. In earlier studies we have found a variation in bone formation capacity of this DBM. This might be due to the properties of the DBM itself, but the use of DBM blocks could be of influence as well. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate whether increasing the surface area of the DBM by morsellizing, influences the bone formation capacity. In view of this, DBM implants and morsellized DBM (MDBM) implants were placed intramuscularly in a rat model. At six weeks the implants were retrieved and evaluated by histology and histomorphometry. The results demonstrated that significant amounts of newly formed bone were present in some DBM as well as some MDBM implants while in others no, or very little new bone was found. Histomorphometric analysis showed an average bone formation of 2.6% in DBM implants and an average of 1.9% in MDBM implants. Still, the amount of bone formation was limited compared with previous studies. It is concluded that enlargement of the surface area by morsellizing DBM implants is not an important factor in bone forming capacity.
|
['Animals', 'Bone Demineralization Technique', 'Bone Matrix', 'Bone Substitutes', 'Bone and Bones', 'Male', 'Materials Testing', 'Osteogenesis', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Surface Properties']
| 15,744,603
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.118'], ['A10.165.265.166'], ['D25.130.325', 'J01.637.051.130.325'], ['A02.835.232', 'A10.165.265'], ['E05.570'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.050.500.729', 'G11.427.578.050.500.729'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['G02.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prediction of wine foaming.
|
A procedure for estimating the foam properties of sparkling base wines without specifically measuring foam was developed. This method was based on mathematical equations established between the usual parameters of wine quality control (independent variables of the equations) and the wine foam parameters [foamability (HM), Bikerman coefficient (Sigma), and surface tension (ST)] obtained with the specific equipment (dependent variables of the equations). Ninety-six white wines from the Cava region produced at industrial scale were used to establish these equations. Two predictive equations that could be applied to different types of wine from different origins were obtained: one to predict the foamability (HM) and the other to predict the Bikerman coefficient (Sigma). Moreover, the database of foam parameters of the 96 wines allowed a qualitative assessment of wine foaming values.
|
['Food Handling', 'Quality Control', 'Regression Analysis', 'Surface Tension', 'Wine']
| 10,552,716
|
[['J01.576.423.200'], ['J01.897.608'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['G02.860.816'], ['G07.203.100.100.900', 'G07.203.200.887', 'J02.200.100.900', 'J02.350.887']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Abolished relationship between pancreatic HCO-3 secretion and arterial pH during carbonic anhydrase inhibition.
|
After acetazolamide administration, CO2 hydration in pancreatic cells would be slow and might become a rate-limiting factor to pancreatic HCO-3 secretion. Correspondingly, pancreatic HCO-3 secretion-normally pH dependent-would become slow and pH-independent. However, acetazolamide would not be expected to interfere with the capacity of the secretory mechanism to generate a proton potential gradient between pancreatic cells and interstitial fluid. These predictions were examined in 5 anesthetized, secretion infused (2.7 C. U./kg b.wt. h-1) pigs. Pancreatic juice was collected from a catheter in the pancreatic duct. Arterial pH was varied through i.v. HCl and NaHCO3 infusions and CO2 addition to inspired air. Before acetazolamide, HCO-3 secretion varied with plasma pH and averaged 298 +/- 30 mumol/min at control arterial pH. Acetazolamide (150 mg/kg, i.v.) reduced HCO3 secretion to 84 +/- 12 mumol/min and rendered secretion independent of arterial pH between pH 7.6 and pH 7.0. It is concluded that acetazolamide imposes a pH-independent transport maximum on pancreatic HCO-3 secretion, but does not reduce the capacity of the secretory mechanism to sustain a proton potential gradient between cells and interstitial fluid.
|
['Acetazolamide', 'Animals', 'Bicarbonates', 'Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Infusions, Parenteral', 'Pancreas', 'Pancreatic Juice', 'Swine']
| 7,136,751
|
[['D02.886.675.867.060', 'D03.383.129.708.867.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.200.275.150.100', 'D01.248.497.158.165.100'], ['D27.505.519.389.200'], ['G02.300'], ['E02.319.267.510'], ['A03.734'], ['A12.200.567'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Auditory seizures in autoimmune epilepsy: a case with anti-thyroid antibodies.
|
In its classic presentation, Hashimoto's encephalopathy is an acute-subacute complex neuropsychiatric syndrome with cognitive impairment, hallucinations, myoclonus, tremor or ataxia, associated with elevated anti-thyroid antibodies. Corticoids and immunotherapy are dramatically effective. However, in some cases, not all the associated features are presented and this delays diagnosis and appropriate treatment. We describe a man with abrupt onset of recurrent auditory seizures resulting in refractory non-convulsive status epilepticus. The patient was diagnosed with an autoimmune encephalopathy with elevated serum and CSF anti-thyroid antibodies. None of the antiepileptic drugs were successful, however, following immune-modulating therapy, the refractory non-convulsive status epilepticus dramatically improved, as did the patient overall. We suggest that Hashimoto's encephalopathy should be suspected in otherwise healthy patients with unexplained new-onset focal recurrent auditory seizures which do not respond to antiepileptic drugs. The presence of anti-thyroid antibodies in the CSF supports this diagnosis.
|
['Autoantibodies', 'Drug Resistant Epilepsy', 'Encephalitis', 'Hallucinations', 'Hashimoto Disease', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Status Epilepticus']
| 28,287,071
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323'], ['C10.228.140.490.125'], ['C10.228.140.430'], ['C10.597.606.762.300', 'C23.888.592.604.764.300', 'F01.700.750.300'], ['C19.874.871.102.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.597.742.785', 'C23.888.592.742.785']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Fenbendazole treatment without environmental decontamination eradicates Syphacia muris from all rats in a large, complex research institution.
|
Syphacia muris parasitism was eliminated from rats and voles by feeding fenbendazole-medicated chow (150 ppm) for five 7-day periods; treatment periods were separated by 7-day periods of feeding non-medicated chow, yielding atotal treatment course of 9 weeks. No other manipulations to facilitate eradication, including the use of filter tops, autoclaved cages, environmental decontamination, colony depopulation, breeding cessation, and research restriction, were done. The examination of 3143 cellophane-tape impressions of the anus and 160 cecal examinations from euthanized rats and voles during the treatment period and for 7 months afterwards confirmed the efficacy of treatment. Treatment was rapidly effective in voles. In rats, pinworm eggs persisted at high levels for 2 weeks after the start of treatment, but no eggs were found after 22 days.
|
['Anal Canal', 'Animal Feed', 'Animals', 'Animals, Laboratory', 'Antinematodal Agents', 'Arvicolinae', 'Cricetinae', 'Decontamination', 'Enterobiasis', 'Enterobius', 'Fenbendazole', 'Housing, Animal', 'Parasite Egg Count', 'Rats', 'Rodent Diseases']
| 11,178,318
|
[['A03.556.124.526.070', 'A03.556.249.249.070'], ['G07.203.300.300.100', 'J02.500.300.100'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.199'], ['D27.505.954.122.250.075.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['N06.850.780.325'], ['C01.610.335.508.700.550.550.375'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.400.750.500.308'], ['D02.241.081.251.320', 'D03.633.100.103.450'], ['J03.340.250', 'N06.230.150.360.250'], ['E01.370.225.932.600', 'E05.200.932.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['C22.795']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of prostacyclin and prostaglandin E2 on the secretion of pancreatic juice in the dog.
|
1. Effects of prostacyclin (PGI2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on the secretion of pancreatic juice were investigated in preparations of the blood-perfused canine pancreas. 2. PGI2 did not affect the basal or secretin-induced pancreatic secretion. However, PGE2 caused a dose-related inhibition of the secretin-induced secretion not only in preparations of the constant pressure perfusion but also of the constant flow perfusion. 3. These results suggest that PGE2, but not PGI2, may control the secretory mechanism of the pancreatic secretion in dogs.
|
['Animals', 'Dinoprostone', 'Dogs', 'Epoprostenol', 'Female', 'Male', 'Pancreas', 'Pancreatic Juice', 'Prostaglandins', 'Prostaglandins E', 'Secretin']
| 6,754,182
|
[['B01.050'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.250.200', 'D23.469.050.175.725.250.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.550.500', 'D23.469.050.175.725.550.500'], ['A03.734'], ['A12.200.567'], ['D10.251.355.255.550', 'D23.469.050.175.725'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.250', 'D23.469.050.175.725.250'], ['D06.472.317.800', 'D06.472.699.810', 'D12.644.400.705', 'D12.644.548.810', 'D12.776.631.650.705']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Filtration to reduce paediatric dose for a linear slot-scanning digital X-ray machine.
|
This paper describes modelling, application and validation of a filtration technique for a linear slot-scanning digital X-ray system to reduce radiation dose to paediatric patients while preserving diagnostic image quality. A dose prediction model was implemented, which calculates patient entrance doses using variable input parameters. Effective dose is calculated using a Monte Carlo simulation. An added filter of 1.8-mm aluminium was predicted to lower the radiation dose significantly. An objective image quality study was conducted using detective quantum efficiency (DQE). The PTW Normi 4FLU test phantom was used for quantitative assessment, showing that image contrast and spatial resolution were maintained with the proposed filter. A paediatric cadaver full-body imaging trial assessed the diagnostic quality of the images and measured the dose reduction using a 1.8-mm aluminium filter. Assessment by radiologists indicated that diagnostic quality was maintained with the added filtration, despite a reduction in DQE. A new filtration technique for full-body paediatric scanning on the Lodox Statscan has been validated, reducing entrance dose for paediatric patients by 36 % on average and effective dose by 27 % on average, while maintaining image quality.
|
['Aluminum', 'Cadaver', 'Female', 'Filtration', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Monte Carlo Method', 'Phantoms, Imaging', 'Radiation Dosage', 'Radiation Injuries', 'Radiographic Image Enhancement', 'Whole Body Imaging', 'Whole-Body Counting', 'X-Rays']
| 25,433,049
|
[['D01.268.557.050', 'D01.552.547.050'], ['C23.550.260.224'], ['E05.196.454', 'G01.280', 'G02.263'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E05.318.740.525', 'L01.906.394.422', 'N05.715.360.750.540', 'N06.850.520.830.525'], ['E07.671'], ['E05.799.513', 'G01.750.740', 'N06.850.810.250'], ['C26.733', 'G01.750.748.500', 'N06.850.460.350.850.500', 'N06.850.810.300.360'], ['E01.370.350.600.350.700', 'E01.370.350.700.700', 'L01.224.308.380.600'], ['E01.370.350.925', 'E05.979'], ['E05.799.950'], ['G01.358.500.505.970', 'G01.750.250.970', 'G01.750.750.918']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Barriers associated with the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection among illicit drug users.
|
BACKGROUND: Illicit drug users account for the majority of cases of HCV infection in the developed world, but few have received treatment.METHODS: We evaluated barriers to initiating HCV treatment -- including general treatment willingness -- and factors associated with these among HCV infected illicit drug users. Participants were recruited via convenience sampling from two community clinics in Canada. Individuals age >18 years with a history of illicit drug use completed interviewer-administered surveys. Those reporting positive HCV testing underwent additional questioning on willingness, uptake and barriers to treatment for HCV.RESULTS: Of 188 HCV positive illicit drug users, 16% (n=30) had received treatment for HCV. Factors associated with a decreased treatment uptake included current heroin use and HIV/HCV co-infection. Among those not having received therapy, 77% (117/153) indicated a willingness to receive HCV treatment. Factors associated with treatment willingness included not being infected with HIV, having not recently used drugs by injection and having reported physical health problems. Among those not having sought HCV treatment (n=107), the major reasons for not doing so were: lack of information about HCV or knowledge that treatment was available (23%), the absence of symptoms (20%) and the perceived side effects of treatment (14%).CONCLUSIONS: Among illicit drug users attending inner city clinics, we have observed a low uptake of HCV treatment, but a high willingness to receive therapy. An increased focus on improving education about the long-term consequences of HCV and the availability of effective treatment are important components for expanding HCV treatment among illicit drug users.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'HIV Seropositivity', 'Health Behavior', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Health Status', 'Hepatitis C', 'Heroin Dependence', 'Humans', 'Illicit Drugs', 'Male', 'Mental Health Services', 'Motivation', 'Urban Population']
| 17,997,050
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C01.221.250.875.500', 'C01.221.812.640.400.500', 'C01.778.640.400.500', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.500', 'C01.925.813.400.500', 'C20.673.480.500'], ['F01.145.488'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['C01.221.250.750', 'C01.925.440.440', 'C01.925.782.350.350', 'C06.552.380.705.440'], ['C25.775.643.500.400', 'F03.900.647.500.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D26.878'], ['F04.408', 'N02.421.461'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['N01.600.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Deformation mechanism and mechanical properties of a thermomechanically processed â Ti-28Nb-35.4Zr alloy.
|
The effects of thermomechanical treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a newly developed â titanium alloy, i.e., Ti-28Nb-35.4Zr (wt%, hereafter denoted Ti-Nb-Zr) were investigated. The as-cast Ti-Nb-Zr alloy was subjected to solution treatment at 890°C for 1h, after which its thickness was reduced by 20%, 56%, 76%, and 86% via cold rolling. Results indicated that annealing at 890°C for 1h after cold rolling at a thickness reduction ratio of 86% resulted in a phase transformation from the stress-induced á" and ù into â, leading to a recrystallization of a uniform single â phase. The recrystallized Ti-Nb-Zr alloy exhibited a tensile strength of 633MPa, Young's modulus of 63GPa, and elongation at rupture of 13%, respectively. The cold rolled specimens showed a higher Young's modulus than that of the recrystallized specimen due to the stress-induced ù phase. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed that ù, á" and â phases co-existed in the microstructure of the cold-rolled specimens. Electron backscatter diffraction analysis revealed that the deformation mechanisms during thermomechanical processing included kink bands, {332}<113> twins and shear bands; and the predominant deformation mechanism depended on the extent of CR deformation.
|
['Alloys', 'Elastic Modulus', 'Hardness', 'Materials Testing', 'Mechanical Phenomena', 'Niobium', 'Temperature', 'Tensile Strength']
| 29,175,491
|
[['D01.552.033', 'D25.058', 'J01.637.051.058'], ['G01.374.590.605'], ['G01.374.647'], ['E05.570'], ['G01.374'], ['D01.268.556.615', 'D01.268.956.687', 'D01.552.544.615'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['G01.374.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Energy metabolism of the peritoneal membrane in silica-induced peritonitis. A biochemical and enzyme histochemical study.
|
Oxygen and glucose consumption and lactate production of the peritoneal membrane and intra-abdominal adhesions were measured in rats after a single intra-peritoneal colloidal silica injection. Enzyme histochemical studies were made of lactate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, NADH2-diaphorase, NADPH2-diaphorase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, leucylaminopeptidase and alkaline phosphatase in the peritoneal membrane. Anaerobic glycolysis comprises 47% of the total glucose consumption in the the normal peritoneum. Glucose consumption and lactate production of the peritoneal membrane increased sharply in the early phase of silica-induced peritonitis and stayed at a high level for a week indicating an enhanced anerobic metabolism. Oxygen and aerobic glucose consumption increased more slowly than anaerobic glucose consumption and reached their maxima 1 week after silica injection, indicating that the rate of aerobic metabolism is also higher in chemical peritonitis than in the controls. On the other hand, glucose consumption and lactate production increased in a parallel fashion in adhesions and in the peritoneum in the early phase of peritonitis. However, the maximum and later levels were less in adhesions than in the peritoneum. In the enzyme histochemical study high activities of enzymes indicating anaerobic energy metabolism and metabolism via the pentose phosphate shunt were seen in cells of the peritoneal membrane during the early phase of peritonitis. No activity was identified in enzymes indicating aerobic energy metabolism and increased catabolism before the end of the first week.
|
['Animals', 'Energy Metabolism', 'Glucose', 'Lactates', 'Male', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Peritoneum', 'Peritonitis', 'Pyruvates', 'Rats', 'Silicon Dioxide']
| 6,258,364
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dispersion of linear and nonlinear optical susceptibilities and the hyperpolarizability of 3-methyl-4-phenyl-5-(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4-triazole.
|
As a starting point for our calculation of 3-methyl-4-phenyl-5-(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4-triazole we used the XRD data obtained by C. Liu, Z. Wang, H. Xiao, Y. Lan, X. Li, S. Wang, Jie Tang, Z. Chen, J. Chem. Crystallogr., 2009 39 881. The structure was optimized by minimization of the forces acting on the atoms keeping the lattice parameters fixed with the experimental values. Using the relaxed geometry we have performed a comprehensive theoretical investigation of dispersion of the linear and nonlinear optical susceptibilities of 3-methyl-4-phenyl-5-(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4-triazole using the full potential linear augmented plane wave method. The local density approximation by Ceperley-Alder (CA) exchange-correlation potential was applied. The full potential calculations show that this material possesses a direct energy gap of 3.4 eV for the original experimental structure and 3.2 eV for the optimized structure. We have calculated the complex's dielectric susceptibility å(ù) dispersion, its zero-frequency limit å(1)(0) and the birefringence. We find that a 3-methyl-4-phenyl-5-(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4-triazole crystal possesses a negative birefringence at the low-frequency limit Än(0) which is equal to about -0.182 (-0.192) and at ë = 1064 nm is -0.193 (-0.21) for the non-optimized structure (optimized one), respectively. We also report calculations of the complex second-order optical susceptibility dispersions for the principal tensor components: ÷(ù), ÷(ù) and ÷(ù). The intra- and inter-band contributions to these susceptibilities are evaluated. The calculated total second order susceptibility tensor components at the low-frequency limit |÷(0)| and |÷(ù)| at ë = 1064 nm for all the three tensor components are evaluated. We established that the calculated microscopic second order hyperpolarizability, â(ijk), the vector component along the dipole moment direction, at the low-frequency limit and at ë = 1064 nm, for the dominant component |÷(ù)| is 4.99 ? 10(-30) esu (3.4 ? 10(-30) esu) and 7.72 ? 10(-30) esu (5.1 ? 10(-30) esu), respectively for the non-optimized structure (optimized structure).
|
['Electron Transport', 'Linear Models', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Nonlinear Dynamics', 'Optical Phenomena', 'Pyridines', 'Quantum Theory', 'Triazoles']
| 21,165,515
|
[['G02.111.248', 'G03.295.531.403', 'G03.493.350'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['E05.599.850', 'H01.548.675'], ['G01.590'], ['D03.383.725'], ['H01.671.579.800'], ['D03.383.129.799']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Molecular diversity assessment of arctic and boreal Agaricus taxa.
|
We provide a phylogenetic diversity assessment study in genus Agaricus as part of our ongoing work to saturate ITS and LSU rDNA sequence diversity of soil-dwelling fungi in Alaska. Pairwise sequence similarity-based groupings and statistical parsimony analyses were applied to delimit operational taxonomic unit (OTU) and were compared to results of full phylogenetic analyses. Our results show that the proportion of section Arvenses taxa is particularly high in the boreal forest and hypo-arctic (low arctic) regions, whereas the genus is represented by section Agaricus in high arctic habitats. Furthermore our findings suggest that the commercially important A. bisporus occurs naturally in the boreal region of interior Alaska, substantially expanding the known northern limit of the species. Delimitations of OTU varied greatly with different methods. In general 95% similarity-based grouping proved to be the least sensitive method, often resulting in section- and subsection-level groups. The 95% connection-limit statistical parsimony separated far more groups. The 98% similarity-based groups and the 98% connection limit networks recognized respectively 11 and 13 OTU containing our specimens. The 98% connection limit statistical parsimony was the only method in which all recognized OTU consisted of members grouped by branches with significant (> .95) posterior probabilities, providing an independent support for the groups. Our results also point out that considerable additional efforts will be needed to elucidate the evolution of this diverse genus and to assess its phylogenetic diversity, given that most taxa in our analyses could not be placed convincingly within well characterized species using ITS/LSU data.
|
['Agaricus', 'Alaska', 'Arctic Regions', 'DNA, Fungal', 'DNA, Ribosomal', 'DNA, Ribosomal Spacer', 'Genetic Variation', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phylogeny', 'RNA, Ribosomal']
| 18,833,751
|
[['B01.300.179.100.105'], ['Z01.107.567.875.580.100'], ['Z01.208'], ['D13.444.308.300'], ['D13.444.308.475'], ['D13.444.308.324.230', 'D13.444.308.475.230'], ['G05.365'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['D13.444.735.686']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Abundance and transferability of antibiotic resistance as related to the fate of sulfadiazine in maize rhizosphere and bulk soil.
|
Veterinary antibiotics entering agricultural land with manure pose the risk of spreading antibiotic resistance. The fate of sulfadiazine (SDZ) introduced via manure and its effect on resistance gene levels in the rhizosphere were compared with that in bulk soil. Maize plants were grown for 9 weeks in soil fertilized with manure either from SDZ-treated pigs (SDZ treatment) or from untreated pigs (control). CaCl(2) -extractable concentrations of SDZ dissipated faster in the rhizosphere than in bulk soil, but SDZ remained detectable over the whole time. For bulk soil, the abundance of sul1 and sul2 relative to 16S rRNA gene copies was higher in the SDZ treatment than in the control, as revealed by quantitative PCR on days 14 and 63. In the rhizosphere, sampled on day 63, the relative sul gene abundances were also significantly increased in the SDZ treatment. The accumulated SDZ exposure (until day 63) of the bacteria significantly correlated with the log relative abundance of sul1 and sul2, so that these resistance genes were less abundant in the rhizosphere than in bulk soil. Plasmids conferring SDZ resistance, which were exogenously captured in Escherichia coli, mainly belonged to the LowGC group and carried a heterogeneous load of resistances to different classes of antibiotics.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Carrier Proteins', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Drug Resistance, Microbial', 'Escherichia coli', 'Escherichia coli Proteins', 'Fertilizers', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Manure', 'Plasmids', 'Rhizosphere', 'Soil', 'Soil Microbiology', 'Sulfadiazine', 'Swine', 'Zea mays']
| 22,809,094
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D12.776.097'], ['D12.776.157'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['G06.225', 'G07.690.773.984.269'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D12.776.097.275'], ['D27.720.031.400'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['D20.601'], ['G05.360.600'], ['G16.500.275.157.625', 'G16.500.853', 'N06.230.124.437'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.555', 'N06.850.425.300'], ['D02.065.884.725.755', 'D02.092.146.807.755', 'D02.886.590.700.725.755'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Neuregulin-Dependent Regulation of Fast-Spiking Interneuron Excitability Controls the Timing of the Critical Period.
|
Maturation of excitatory drive onto fast-spiking interneurons (FS INs) in the visual cortex has been implicated in the control of the timing of the critical period for ocular dominance plasticity. However, the mechanisms that regulate the strength of these synapses over cortical development are not understood. Here we use a mouse model to show that neuregulin (NRG) and the receptor tyrosine kinase erbB4 regulate the timing of the critical period. NRG1 enhanced the strength of excitatory synapses onto FS INs, which inhibited ocular dominance plasticity during the critical period but rescued plasticity in transgenics with hypoexcitable FS INs. Blocking the effects of endogenous neuregulin via inhibition of erbBs rescued ocular dominance plasticity in postcritical period adults, allowing recovery from amblyopia induced by chronic monocular deprivation. Thus, the strength of excitation onto FS INs is a key determinant of critical period plasticity and is maintained at high levels by NRG-erbB4 signaling to constrain plasticity in adulthood.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Despite decades of experimentation, the mechanisms by which critical periods of enhanced synaptic plasticity are initiated and terminated are not completely understood. Here we show that neuregulin (NRG) and the receptor tyrosine kinase erbB4 determine critical period timing by controlling the strength of excitatory synapses onto FS INs. NRG1 enhanced excitatory drive onto fast spiking interneurons, which inhibited ocular dominance plasticity in juveniles but rescued plasticity in transgenics with hypoexcitable FS INs. Blocking the effects of endogenous neuregulin via inhibition of erbBs rescued ocular dominance plasticity in adults, allowing recovery from amblyopia induced by chronic monocular deprivation. Thus, in contrast to prevailing views of the termination of the critical period, active maintenance of strong excitation onto FS INs constrains plasticity in adults.
|
['Amblyopia', 'Animals', 'Critical Period, Psychological', 'Dominance, Ocular', 'Female', 'Interneurons', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Neuregulin-1', 'Neuronal Plasticity', 'Receptor, ErbB-4', 'Recovery of Function', 'Synapses', 'Vision, Monocular', 'Visual Cortex']
| 27,707,966
|
[['C10.228.140.055', 'C10.597.751.941.073', 'C11.966.073', 'C23.888.592.763.941.073'], ['B01.050'], ['F02.463.425.209'], ['G11.561.225.425.500', 'G14.264'], ['A08.675.358', 'A11.671.358'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['D12.644.276.860.550.750', 'D12.776.467.860.550.750', 'D12.776.631.600.550.750', 'D23.529.850.550.750'], ['G11.561.638'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009.600', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009.600', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074.600', 'D12.776.624.664.700.791', 'D23.101.140.760'], ['G16.757'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780'], ['F02.463.593.932.893'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.571.735', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.953']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The benzodiazepine receptor ligand, methyl beta-carboline-3-carboxylate, is both sedative and proconvulsant in chicks.
|
Certain pharmacological properties of methyl beta-carboline-3-carboxylate (beta-CCM), a benzodiazepine receptor ligand, have been investigated in chicks. Although beta-CCM has been established previously as an "inverse agonist" of benzodiazepine receptors in rodents, having effects opposite to those of benzodiazepines in a variety of tests, in chicks this compound had a different pharmacological profile. Firstly, in contrast to the overt convulsant action of beta-CCM in other species, beta-CCM (0.05-40 mg/kg) did not produce convulsions by itself in chicks, but it was only proconvulsant. Secondly and most surprisingly, beta-CCM, like diazepam, produced in chicks a sedation which could be blocked by the benzodiazepine receptor antagonist Ro 15-1788. Thus it appears that beta-CCM can function both as an agonist and as an inverse agonist in this animal.
|
['Animals', 'Benzodiazepinones', 'Carbolines', 'Chickens', 'Convulsants', 'Flumazenil', 'Hypnotics and Sedatives', 'Receptors, GABA-A', 'Seizures']
| 3,018,410
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.633.100.079.080.070'], ['D03.383.725.150', 'D03.633.100.473.155', 'D03.633.300.154'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['D27.505.696.282.224', 'D27.505.954.427.220.224'], ['D03.633.100.079.080.070.305'], ['D27.505.696.277.350', 'D27.505.954.427.210.350'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.175.562', 'D12.776.157.530.400.400.100.100', 'D12.776.543.550.450.175.562', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.100.100', 'D12.776.543.585.400.175.562', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.100.100', 'D12.776.543.750.130.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.300.300'], ['C10.597.742', 'C23.888.592.742']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of ionization modifiers on the simultaneous analysis of all classes of phospholipids by nanoflow liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry in negative ion mode.
|
The effect of ionization modifiers added to the mobile phase of nanoflow liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (nLC-ESI-MS³) on the simultaneous analysis of all phospholipid (PL) classes in negative ion mode has been investigated. While MS analysis of most PL classes is carried out in negative ion mode, analysis of neutral polar (polar but electrically neutral) lipids like phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingomyelin (SM) is highly efficient in positive ion mode. Therefore, analysis of PL mixture samples often requires two separate runs in both positive and negative ion mode. In order to establish run conditions to carry out a single nLC-ESI-MS-MS for all PLs, the ionization efficiency of 13 different types of PL molecules in nLC-ESI-MS has been evaluated in negative ion mode by varying the modifiers and their concentrations. Experiments demonstrated that a mixture of 0.05% ammonium hydroxide and 1 mM ammonium formate added to the mobile phase provided effective ionization for all classes of PLs. The optimized conditions were applied to the analysis of a phospholipid mixture extracted from a human urine sample, yielding the identification of a total of 85 PL species. Analysis of the same sample with dual nLC-ESI-MS² runs in both positive and negative ion mode confirmed that nLC-ESI-MS³ with the mixed modifier run only in negative ion mode gave comparable results.
|
['Adult', 'Ammonium Hydroxide', 'Chromatography, Liquid', 'Computer Simulation', 'Humans', 'Hydroxides', 'Male', 'Nanotechnology', 'Phospholipids', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry']
| 22,503,929
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D01.045.250.225', 'D01.248.497.158.459.113', 'D01.625.062.311'], ['E05.196.181.400'], ['L01.224.160'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.045.250', 'D01.248.497.158.459'], ['H01.603', 'J01.897.520.600'], ['D10.570.755'], ['E05.196.566.880']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Comparison of the dose-response effects of morphine on brain amines, analgesia and activity in mice.
|
1. Noradrenaline, dopamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentrations in the mouse brain were measured 30 min after subcutaneous injection of doses of morphine ranging from 0.1 to 100 mg/kg: motor activity was also measured.2. The noradrenaline concentration in the mouse brain was reduced by moderate (2 to 20 mg/kg) but not by high (above 20 mg/kg) and low (below 2 mg/kg) doses of morphine.3. The dopamine concentration in the mouse brain was reduced by moderate (1 to 20 mg/kg) doses but was raised by high doses (above 20 mg/kg) of morphine.4. The 5-hydroxytryptamine concentration in the mouse brain was reduced by moderate (1 to 20 mg/kg) doses of morphine but not by high (above 20 mg/kg) and low (below 1 mg/kg) doses of morphine.5. The 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentration was not affected by low doses (0.1 to 2 mg/kg), raised by a dose of 5 mg/kg, lowered by doses of 10-50 mg/kg and not affected by 100 mg/kg of morphine.6. These results are discussed with reference to the possible implication of changes in monoamines for the analgesic and behavioural effects of morphine.
|
['Amines', 'Analgesia', 'Animals', 'Brain', 'Brain Chemistry', 'Dopamine', 'Female', 'Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid', 'Injections, Subcutaneous', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Morphine', 'Motor Activity', 'Norepinephrine', 'Serotonin']
| 5,048,647
|
[['D02.092'], ['E03.091'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['G02.111.150', 'G03.185'], ['D02.092.211.215.406', 'D02.092.311.342', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342'], ['D03.066.288.478', 'D03.633.100.473.404.478'], ['E02.319.267.530.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D03.132.577.249.562.571', 'D03.605.497.607.587', 'D03.633.400.686.607.587', 'D04.615.723.795.576.571'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['D02.033.100.291.502', 'D02.092.063.480', 'D02.092.211.215.746', 'D02.092.311.830', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.830'], ['D02.092.211.215.801.852', 'D03.633.100.473.914.814', 'D23.469.050.650']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Scintigraphic evaluation of gastric emptying in obese patients submitted to sleeve gastrectomy compared to normal subjects.
|
BACKGROUND: Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) has been accepted as an option for surgical treatment for obesity. This operation could be associated with motor gastric dysfunction and abnormal gastric emptying. The purpose of this prospective study is to present the results of gastric emptying to liquids and solids using scintigraphy in patients who underwent SG compared to normal subjects.METHODS: Twenty obese patients were submitted to laparoscopic SG and were compared to 18 normal subjects. Gastric emptying of liquids and solids was measured by scintigraphic technique. Results were expressed as half time of gastric emptying and the percentage of retention at 20, 30, and 60 min for liquids and at 60, 90, and 120 min for solids.RESULTS: In the group of operated patients, 70% of them (n = 14) presented accelerated emptying for liquids and 75% (n = 15) for solids compared to 22.2% and 27.7%, respectively, in the control group. The half time of gastric emptying (T (1/2)) in patients submitted to SG both for liquids and solids were significantly more accelerated compared to the control group (34.9 +/- 24.6 vs 13.6 +/- 11.9 min for liquids and 78 +/- 15.01 vs 38.3 +/- 18.77 min for solids; p < 0.01). The gastric emptying for liquids expressed as the percentage of retention at 20, 30, and 60 min was 30.0 +/- 0.25%, 15.4 +/- 0.18%, and 5.7 +/- 0.10%, respectively, in operated patients, significantly less than the control subjects (p < 0.001). For solids, the percentage of retention at 60, 90, and 120 min was 56 +/- 28%, 34 +/- 22%, and 12 +/- 8%, respectively, for controls, while it was 25.3 +/- 0.20%, 9 +/- 0.12%, and 3 +/- 0.05%, respectively, in operated patients (p < 001).CONCLUSIONS: Gastric emptying after SG is accelerated either for liquids as well as for solids in the majority of patients. These results could be taken in consideration for the dietary indications after surgery and could play a significant role in the definitive results during the late follow-up.
|
['Adult', 'Beverages', 'Body Mass Index', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Esophageal Motility Disorders', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Food', 'Gastrectomy', 'Gastric Emptying', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity, Morbid', 'Prospective Studies', 'Radionuclide Imaging', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Weight Loss']
| 19,714,384
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G07.203.100', 'J02.200'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C06.405.117.119.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['G07.203.300', 'J02.500'], ['E04.210.419'], ['G10.261.360.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500.700', 'C23.888.144.699.500.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E01.370.350.710', 'E01.370.384.730'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C23.888.144.243.963', 'G07.345.249.314.120.200.963']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
First examples of metal-organic frameworks with the novel 3,3'-(1,2,4,5-tetrazine-3,6-diyl)dibenzoic spacer. Luminescence and adsorption properties.
|
We report the synthesis of a novel ligand, 3,3'-(1,2,4,5-tetrazine-3,6-diyl)dibenzoic acid (1). In this fragment, we have introduced two carboxylate groups with the aim of using this ligand as a linker to construct three-dimensional metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). We have been successful in the formation of zinc (2) and lanthanum (3) MOFs. The zinc compound is a two-dimensional structure, while the lanthanum material is a three-dimensional MOF with interesting channels. We include the luminescence and adsorption studies of these materials. Moreover, we have evaluated the in vitro toxicity of this novel ligand, concluding that it can be considered negligible.
|
['Adsorption', 'Animals', 'Benzoates', 'Cell Survival', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Heterocyclic Compounds', 'Humans', 'Lanthanum', 'Luminescence', 'Organometallic Compounds', 'Zinc']
| 23,286,441
|
[['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.241.223.100', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127'], ['G04.346'], ['A11.251'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['D03'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.558.362.500', 'D01.552.550.399.500'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665', 'G01.590.540.665', 'G01.750.250.650.665', 'G01.750.770.578.665'], ['D02.691'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Influence of coordination compounds of germanium (IV) and stannum (IV) on activity of some microbial enzymes with glycolytic and proteolytic action].
|
Influence of coordinative compounds of germanium (IV) and stanum (IV) (complexes of germanium (IV) with nicotinamide (Nad) [GeCl2(Nad)4]Cl2 (1) and complexes of stanum (IV) with 2-hydroxybenzoilhydrazone 4-dimetylaminobenzaldehide (2-OH-HBdb) [SnCl4(2-OH-Bdb-H)] (2), 3-hydroxy-2-naphtoilhydrazone 2-hydroxynaphtaldehide (3-OH-H2Lnf) [SnCl3(3-OH-HLnf)] (3) and izonicotinoilhydrazone 2-hydroxyibenzaldehide [SnCl3 (Is·H)] (4) on activity of peptidases 1 and 2 Bacillus thuringiensis, á-L-rhamnosidase Cryptococcus albidus, Eupenicillium erubescens and á-amylase Aspergillus flavus var. oryzae. Results testify that all studied compounds differ on their influence on activity of the enzymes tested: significantly don't change elastolytic activity of peptidases 1 and 2 B. thuringiensis, completely inhibit A. flavus var. oryzae amylase, activate or oppress of á-L-rhamnosidase C. albidus and E. erubescens. Considerable differences in compounds (3, 4) on activity observed in case of the last. It's possible that peculiarity of influence (1) in compare with (2-4) is connected with existence of different central atoms of complexants: germanium (IV) (1) and stanum (IV) (2-4). A certain analogy in oppression of C. albidus á-L-rhamnosidase by compounds (1) and (4) can explain with presence of a pyridinic ring at molecules of their ligands. The less activsty displayed compound (2) with coordinative knot {SnCl4ON}. Nature of compounds (3, 4) activity was absolutely different: essential increase of activity of C. albidus á-L-rhamnosidase and full oppression of E. erubescens á-L-rhamnosidase by compound (3), while the action of compound (4) was feed back. Taking into account identical coordination knot {SnCl3O2N} the major role in this case play change of a hydrazide fragment in molecules of their ligands.
|
['Anti-Infective Agents', 'Aspergillus flavus', 'Bacillus thuringiensis', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Benzaldehydes', 'Coordination Complexes', 'Cryptococcus', 'Eupenicillium', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Germanium', 'Glycoside Hydrolases', 'Hydrazones', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'NAD', 'Organotin Compounds', 'Peptide Hydrolases', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Tin']
| 25,639,038
|
[['D27.505.954.122'], ['B01.300.381.081.170'], ['B03.300.390.400.158.218.800', 'B03.353.500.100.218.800', 'B03.510.100.100.218.800', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.800', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.800'], ['D12.776.097'], ['D02.047.222'], ['D01.234', 'D02.257'], ['B01.300.381.258', 'B01.300.930.316'], ['B01.300.107.320.215'], ['D12.776.354'], ['D01.268.513.750', 'D01.268.556.305', 'D01.552.544.305'], ['D08.811.277.450'], ['D02.442.288'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.694', 'D08.211.589', 'D13.695.667.138.694', 'D13.695.827.068.694'], ['D02.691.850'], ['D08.811.277.656'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['D01.268.556.875', 'D01.552.544.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Gene conversion between cationic trypsinogen (PRSS1) and the pseudogene trypsinogen 6 (PRSS3P2) in patients with chronic pancreatitis.
|
Mutations of the human cationic trypsinogen gene (PRSS1) are frequently found in association with hereditary pancreatitis. The most frequent variants p.N29I and p.R122H are recognized as disease-causing mutations. Three pseudogene paralogs in the human trypsinogen family, including trypsinogen 6 (PRSS3P2), carry sequence variations in exon 3 that mimic the p.R122H mutation. In routine genetic testing of patients with chronic pancreatitis, we identified in two unrelated individuals similar gene conversion events of 24-71 nucleotides length between exon 3 of the PRSS1 (acceptor) and PRSS3P2 (donor) genes. The converted allele resulted in three nonsynonymous alterations c.343T>A (p.S115T), c.347G>C (p.R116P), and c.365_366delinsAT (p.R122H). Functional analysis of the conversion triple mutant revealed markedly increased autoactivation resulting in high and sustained trypsin activity in the presence of chymotrypsin C. This activation phenotype was identical to that of the p.R122H mutant. In addition, cellular secretion of the triple mutant from transfected HEK 293T cells was increased about twofold and this effect was attributable to mutation p.R116P. Our observations confirm and extend the notion that recombination events between members of the trypsinogen family can generate high-risk PRSS1 alleles. The pathogenic phenotype of the novel conversion is explained by a unique combination of increased trypsinogen activation and secretion.
|
['Alleles', 'Cell Line', 'Child', 'Female', 'Gene Conversion', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pancreatitis, Chronic', 'Pseudogenes', 'Trypsin', 'Young Adult']
| 25,546,417
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['A11.251.210'], ['M01.060.406'], ['G05.728.615.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.689.750.830'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.700'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.895', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.895'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Self-reported barriers to pediatric surgical care in Guatemala.
|
Access to pediatric surgical care is limited in low- and middle-income countries. Barriers must be identified before improvements can be made. This pilot study aimed to identify self-reported barriers to pediatric surgical care in Guatemala. We surveyed 78 families of Guatemalan children with surgical conditions who were seen at a pediatric surgical clinic in Guatemala City. Spanish translators were used to complete questionnaires regarding perceived barriers to surgical care. Surgical conditions included hernias, rectal prolapse, anorectal malformations, congenital heart defects, cryptorchidism, soft tissue masses, and vestibulourethral reflux. Average patient age was 8.2 years (range, 1 month to 17 years) with male predominance (62%). Families reported an average symptom duration of 3.7 years before clinic evaluation. Families traveled a variety of distances to obtain surgical care: 36 per cent were local (less than 10 km), 17 per cent traveled 10 to 50 km, and 47 per cent traveled greater than 50 km. Other barriers to surgery included financial (58.9%), excessive wait time in the national healthcare system (10. 2%), distrust of local surgeons (37.2%), and geographic inaccessibility to surgical care (10.2%). The majority of study patients required outpatient procedures, which could improve their quality of life. Many barriers to pediatric surgical care exist in Guatemala. Interventions to remove these obstacles may enhance access to surgery and benefit children in low- and middle-income countries.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Delivery of Health Care', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'General Surgery', 'Guatemala', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Pediatrics', 'Pilot Projects', 'Quality Assurance, Health Care', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Self Report', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 24,069,982
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['N04.590.374', 'N05.300'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['H02.403.810.300'], ['Z01.107.169.454'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['H02.403.670'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['N04.761.700', 'N05.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.980.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.500'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The interaction of prostaglandins with high-density lipoproteins: a non-equilibrium model of ligand-receptor interaction.
|
Using high-density lipoproteins (HDL) labeled with a fluorescent phospholipid probe (an anthrylvinyl-labeled analogue of sphingomyelin) it was found that low amounts (10(-12) M) of the prostaglandins E1 and F2 alpha induced different structural changes of the HDL surface, whereas prostaglandin E2 had no effect. The effects of prostaglandin E1 on HDL were largely paralleled by those of this prostaglandin on synthetic recombinants prepared from apolipoprotein A1, phospholipids and cholesterol. The prostaglandin E1-HDL interaction resembled that of a ligand with a receptor site because it was specific, reversible, concentration- and temperature-dependent and saturable. However, the maximal HDL retaining capacity for prostaglandin E1 as determined by equilibrium dialysis was very low, and a single prostaglandin E1 molecule was able to induce structural changes in a large number of discrete lipoprotein particles. To explain this remarkable fact, a non-equilibrium model of ligand-receptor interaction is proposed. According to this model in open systems characterized by a short life-time of the ligand-receptor complex, high diffusion rates of the ligand and long relaxation times which exceed the interval between two successive ligand-receptor occupations, the ligand-induced changes will accumulate, resulting in amplification of the primary biological signal. It is emphasized that the low mobility of lipids constituting the environment of the receptor protein plays a critical role in this type of signal amplification.
|
['Alprostadil', 'Apolipoproteins A', 'Dinoprost', 'Energy Transfer', 'Fluorescence Polarization', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Humans', 'Lipoproteins, HDL', 'Prostaglandins F', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Sphingomyelins']
| 3,477,290
|
[['D10.251.355.255.550.250.100', 'D10.251.355.325.050', 'D23.469.050.175.725.250.100'], ['D10.532.091.200', 'D12.776.070.400.200', 'D12.776.521.120.200'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.400.200', 'D23.469.050.175.725.400.200'], ['G01.154.240', 'G02.111.255', 'G02.216'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.390'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D10.532.432', 'D12.776.521.479'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.400', 'D23.469.050.175.725.400'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['D09.400.410.420.525.870', 'D10.390.470.675.870', 'D10.570.755.893', 'D10.570.877.360.612.870']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Biomechanical study of the pitching elbow.
|
Medial-tension injuries of the pitching elbow are well recognized. One contributing factor is the extreme valgus which has been noted to occur during the acceleration phase of throwing. It is hypothesized that breaking pitches generate higher medial loading because of the pronation and supination required to impart spin to the ball. The pitching motion is a complex action of all body segments to produce maximum linear and angular acceleration of the ball. The purpose of this study was to correlate elbow loading with pitching style. We measured the forearm segment for axial and tangential (varus-valgus plane) acceleration using accelerometers attached to the forearm and hand. Muscle activity was measured by EMG. Forearm rotation was assessed by stroboscopic photography. Despite different delivery styles when throwing breaking pitches, each pitcher demonstrated patterns of muscle activity and acceleration which were similar. Deceleration forces were lower than acceleration forces. Pronation and supination were documented and contribute to the direction of ball spin. Accelerometers can be used to evaluate pitching mechanics. We suggest that the main factors causing an elbow injury are the amount of throwing and the force with which the ball is thrown.
|
['Baseball', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Elbow', 'Electromyography', 'Forearm', 'Hand', 'Humans', 'Movement', 'Sports']
| 528,089
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Shock absorbing ability in healthy and damaged cartilage-bone under high-rate compression.
|
Articular cartilage is a soft tissue that distributes the loads in joints and transfers the compressive load to the underlying bone. At high rate and magnitudes of mechanical loading, cartilage and subchondral bone together are susceptible to damage. In addition, any disruption to the cartilage's structure, caused by injury, trauma or disorder such as osteoarthritis (OA), can alter the mechanism of load transfer from the cartilage to the underlying bone. Changes in the cartilage structure can also alter the ability of cartilage-bone to absorb and dissipate the impact energy. To investigate the effects of cartilage degradation on cartilage-bone shock absorption ability, the top 50% of the cartilage thickness was removed (modified cartilage) to mimic the cartilage thickness reduction in Grade III cartilage lesion and the remaining cartilage-bone unit (modified cartilage-bone) was compressed at high-rate (4% strain at 5 Hz). High-speed camera and microscope were used to capture microscopic deformation, and digital image correlation technique (DIC) employed to quantify the deformation of cartilage and bone. The mechanical properties (i.e. stiffness, strain, absorbed and dissipated energies) of cartilage and bone were calculated before and after the removal of the top 50% of the cartilage thickness, consisting of both the superficial tangential zone (STZ) and part of the middle zone of the cartilage. The results showed a significant degradation in the mechanical properties of the cartilage-bone unit after the removal of the top 50% cartilage thickness. The stiffness of the modified cartilage reduced significantly (by ~39%) and energy absorption in underlying bone increased by 32%, which can make the bone more vulnerable to damage in the modified cartilage-bone unit. In addition, the energy dissipation in the modified cartilage-bone unit was also increased by approximately 14%. These changes in mechanical properties suggest a crucial role of the STZ and middle zone (within the top 50% cartilage thickness) in protecting the underlying bone from the severe compressive impact loading. Results also indicated that under physiological contact stress of 7 MPa, strain in damaged cartilage was increased by 3.22% without affecting the mechanical behaviour of the underlying bone.
|
['Animals', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Cartilage, Articular', 'Cattle', 'Compressive Strength', 'Materials Testing', 'Weight-Bearing']
| 30,445,365
|
[['B01.050'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['A02.165.407.150', 'A02.835.583.192'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['G01.374.180'], ['E05.570'], ['G01.374.965']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Polystyrene scaffolds based on microfibers as a bone substitute; development and in vitro study.
|
UNLABELLED: We created non-resorbable porous scaffolds of polystyrene by electrospinning usable as a bone grafting material. Aligned and random fibers were prepared with a diameter ranging from 1 to 4.5ìm. Influence of microfiber diameter and alignment were determined by culturing MC3T3 osteoblast-like cells and evaluation of adherence, proliferation and differentiation at day 14 and 28 on the scaffolds. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nanocomputed tomography (nanoCT) and confocal microscopy were used to observe microfibers and morphology of cells seeded on the scaffolds. Nile Red was used to label the fibers, DAPI for nuclear staining and calcein for the calcium/phosphate deposits. MC3T3 were more adherent on the randomly distributed fibers having the highest diameter. MC3T3 proliferated equally on scaffolds made with aligned fibers but cell density was lower on random fibers with the smaller diameter. Alkaline phosphatase activity (a marker of osteoblastic differentiation) was not influenced by the fibers apart from on random fibers with the smallest diameter. Calcospherites also developed at the surface of the fibers in long term culture. Cytometric determination of the nuclei shape factors evidenced that cells were elongated along the main direction of fibers only on the aligned fibers. This study shows that porous scaffolds based on microfibers allow adhesion, spreading, orientation and proliferation of cells.STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: We prepared polystyrene porous scaffolds composed of microfibers as a bone substitute by electrospinning. Polystyrene is a cytocompatible and non-resorbable polymer which can support osteoconduction. Scaffolds with different micro-diameters and orientation, (aligned and random) were seeded with osteoblast-like cells to evaluate cell adherence, proliferation and differentiation. Characterization of microfibers and cell morphology was done by scanning electron microscopy, nanocomputed tomography and confocal microscopy. We evidenced that initial adherence of cells was increased on randomly disposed fibers with a high diameter (3.5ìm). Cell proliferation and differentiation seems not to be influenced by fiber diameter and orientation, apart from random fibers of 1ìm diameter which had a lower cell attachment. Morphometric analysis of cell nuclei showed that cells were stretched along the aligned fibers.
|
['Alkaline Phosphatase', 'Animals', 'Antigens, Differentiation', 'Bone Substitutes', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Mice', 'Osteoblasts', 'Polystyrenes', 'Tissue Scaffolds']
| 26,518,105
|
[['D08.811.277.352.650.035'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.050.301.264', 'D23.101.100'], ['D25.130.325', 'J01.637.051.130.325'], ['G04.022'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A11.329.629'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.750.800.830', 'D05.750.716.579', 'D25.720.716.579', 'J01.637.051.720.716.579'], ['E07.206.627', 'E07.695.825']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Wilson's disease, a reversible dementia: case report.
|
A case of advanced Wilson's disease with clear dementing features is presented. Neuropsychological evaluation before treatment revealed intellectual deterioration particularly in memory and performance tasks. The patient was treated with Penicillamine, a copper-chelating agent, for 7 months, with notable improvement in her dementia and in her motor signs. A second battery of neuropsychological tests demonstrated the improvement in the mental aspects. These findings support the concept of Wilson's disease being a reversible dementia.
|
['Adult', 'Dementia', 'Female', 'Hepatolenticular Degeneration', 'Humans', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Penicillamine', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 3,597,731
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C10.228.140.380', 'F03.615.400'], ['C06.552.413', 'C10.228.140.079.493', 'C10.228.140.163.100.360', 'C10.228.662.400', 'C10.574.500.487', 'C16.320.400.361', 'C16.320.565.189.360', 'C16.320.565.618.403', 'C18.452.132.100.360', 'C18.452.648.189.360', 'C18.452.648.618.403'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.711.513'], ['D02.886.030.786', 'D12.125.166.786'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The responses of afferent fibres from the glabrous skin of the hand during voluntary finger movements in man.
|
1. Afferent activity of 111 single units from the glabrous skin area was recorded percutaneously in the median nerve of human subjects, using tungsten electrodes. 2. The majority of the units (103) were classified as low-threshold mechano-sensitive units belonging to one of the four categories previously described: rapidly adapting with small receptive fields (RA), rapidly adapting with large receptive fields (PC, presumed Pacinian corpuscle units), slowly adapting with small fields (SA I), and slowly adapting with large fields (SA II). The size of the responses (in number of impulses) to indentation and stretching of the skin was compared with that of the responses elicited during voluntary isotonic finger movements, which avoided trivial excitation of the units by direct touch. 3. All four types of units, and 77% of the single units, were activated by isotonic movements. The decreasing order of responsiveness was PC, SA II, SA I, RA. 4. Almost all responsive units were excited during the dynamic phase of ramp and smooth oscillatory movements. Static responses, on the other hand, occurred only with 50% of the slowly adapting units, corresponding to a third of the total sample (SA II, 81%; SA I, 17%. 5. For all four types of units the dynamic responses to movements were of similar size as the responses to localized skin indentation with a von Frey hair at five times threshold. 6. The results are discussed with regard to the possible implications for kinaesthesia and motor control.
|
['Adult', 'Finger Joint', 'Fingers', 'Hand', 'Humans', 'Mechanoreceptors', 'Movement', 'Neurons, Afferent', 'Skin']
| 480,210
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Conceptual and methodologic bases of the National Health Survey II, Mexico, 1994. Conceptual Coordinating and Designing Group of ENSA-II].
|
The conceptual and methodological basis of the National Health Survey II (NHS-II) are described and recent advances in multidisciplinary public health research in Mexico, both conceptual and methodological, are synthesized. The design of the NHS-II concentrated on the study of the access, quality of care and health attention expenses in ambulatory and hospitalization services. Details on the conceptual framework related with the analysis and processing of data are also included. Five geographic regions were covered; 12,615 households at national level were visited and information on 61,524 individuals was gathered. The overall response rate was 96.7% both for households and for identified health service users. The general conclusion emphasises the need to incorporate the population perspective to the planning and allocation of health resources.
|
['Age Distribution', 'Health Care Costs', 'Health Care Surveys', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Humans', 'Mexico', 'Quality of Health Care']
| 9,567,660
|
[['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['N03.219.151.400', 'N05.300.375'], ['E05.318.308.980.344', 'N03.349.380.210', 'N05.425.210', 'N05.715.360.300.800.344', 'N06.850.520.308.980.344'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.589'], ['N04.761', 'N05.715']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Patients younger than 40 years with gastric carcinoma: Helicobacter pylori genotype and associated gastritis phenotype.
|
BACKGROUND: In the general population, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), particularly the cagA positive strain, has been associated with intestinal-type gastric carcinoma. Gastric carcinomas are rarely observed in patients age < or = 40 years. Host-related factors have been thought to be more important than environmental agents in these early-onset cancers. The aim of this study was to ascertain the possible role of H. pylori infection and that of cagA positive strains in the development of gastric carcinoma in these young patients.METHODS: In this case-control study, 105 gastric carcinoma patients (male-to-female ratio = 1.1; mean age, 34.4 years; range, 16-40 years) and an equal number of controls (matched for gender and age) were retrospectively selected from the same geographic area. The phenotypes of gastritis and H. pylori were histologically assessed, and the presence of the ureC gene, which is indicative of H. pylori infection, and the cagA genotype were determined by polymerase chain reaction. Gastric carcinoma risk was calculated by both univariate and multivariate statistical methods, taking into account the cancer phenotype, the gastritis phenotype detected in both patients and controls, and the H. pylori genotype.RESULTS: For 74 diffuse and 31 intestinal gastric carcinomas, multivariate logistic regression analysis produced results consistent with those of univariate statistical tests, showing a significant association between gastric carcinoma and both H. pylori infection (odds ratio [OR] = 2.79; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.52-5.11) and cagA positive status (OR = 2.94; 95% CI = 1.56-5.52).CONCLUSIONS: In young Italian patients with gastric carcinoma, the significant association with cagA positive H. pylori infection suggests that the bacterium has an etiologic role in both diffuse-type and intestinal-type gastric carcinoma.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Female', 'Gastritis, Atrophic', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Genotype', 'Helicobacter Infections', 'Helicobacter pylori', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Risk Assessment', 'Stomach Neoplasms']
| 10,375,095
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['C06.405.205.697.394', 'C06.405.748.398.394'], ['G05.308.300'], ['G05.308.370'], ['G05.380'], ['C01.150.252.400.466'], ['B03.440.500.550', 'B03.660.150.235.500.250.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Early- and late-onset psoriasis: a cross-sectional clinical and immunocytochemical investigation.
|
BACKGROUND: There is accumulating evidence that early-onset psoriasis (EOP; presenting at or before 40 years of age) and late-onset psoriasis (LOP; presenting after 40 years of age) are different diseases.OBJECTIVES: We aimed to identify potential clinical and immunocytochemical differences between EOP and LOP.METHODS: We assessed immunocytochemistry in involved (PP) skin and uninvolved skin (n = 31) and demographics, psoriasis phenotype and psychological parameters (n = 340) in a cross-sectional study.RESULTS: Immunocytochemistry revealed (17 EOP, 14 LOP) a greater lymphocytic infiltrate in PP skin of EOP compared with LOP (P = 0·03), with a higher epidermal CD4+ : CD8+ ratio in LOP (1·3) compared with EOP (0·5) (P = 0·002). In 340 patients with psoriasis (278 EOP, 62 LOP), we found an association with a positive first or second degree family history of psoriasis [62·0% vs. 35·6%, adjusted odds ratio (OR) 8·32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·90-36·52] and a higher likelihood of having parents with EOP (adjusted OR 10·34, 95% CI 1·32-81·83) in the EOP group. Patients with EOP were more likely to have received biological therapy (13·3% EOP vs. 3·5% LOP, P = 0·042), while patients with LOP had a higher likelihood of having type 2 diabetes (adjusted OR 3·43, 95% CI 1·004-11·691) and autoimmune thyroiditis (adjusted OR 5·05, 95% CI 1·62-15·7). Patients with LOP also had greater anxiety than patients with EOP (mean Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-A score LOP 8 ± 5, EOP 5 ± 5; P = 0·006).CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide further evidence for the difference between EOP and LOP.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age of Onset', 'Aged', 'CD4-CD8 Ratio', 'Cell Count', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'England', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Psoriasis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Young Adult']
| 27,459,949
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075.100', 'N06.850.490.250.100'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595.500.150.160', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595.500.150.160', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595.500.150.160', 'E05.200.625.107.595.500.150.160', 'E05.242.195.107.595.500.150.160', 'G04.140.107.595.500.150.160', 'G09.188.105.595.500.150.160', 'G12.248'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['Z01.542.363.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C17.800.859.675'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Supratentorial ependymoma: disease control, complications, and functional outcomes after irradiation.
|
PURPOSE: Ependymoma is less commonly found in the supratentorial brain and has known clinical and molecular features that are unique. Our single-institution series provides valuable information about disease control for supratentorial ependymoma and the complications of supratentorial irradiation in children.METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 50 children with newly diagnosed supratentorial ependymoma were treated with adjuvant radiation therapy (RT); conformal methods were used in 36 after 1996. The median age at RT was 6.5 years (range, 1-18.9 years). The entire group was characterized according to sex (girls 27), race (white 43), extent of resection (gross-total 46), and tumor grade (anaplastic 28). The conformal RT group was prospectively evaluated for neurologic, endocrine, and cognitive effects.RESULTS: With a median follow-up time of 9.1 years from the start of RT for survivors (range, 0.2-23.2 years), the 10-year progression-free and overall survival were 73% + 7% and 76% + 6%, respectively. None of the evaluated factors was prognostic for disease control. Local and distant failures were evenly divided among the 16 patients who experienced progression. Eleven patients died of disease, and 1 of central nervous system necrosis. Seizure disorders were present in 17 patients, and 4 were considered to be clinically disabled. Clinically significant cognitive effects were limited to children with difficult-to-control seizures. The average values for intelligence quotient and academic achievement (reading, spelling, and math) were within the range of normal through 10 years of follow-up. Central hypothyroidism was the most commonly treated endocrinopathy.CONCLUSION: RT may be administered with acceptable risks for complications in children with supratentorial ependymoma. These results suggest that outcomes for these children are improving and that complications may be limited by use of focal irradiation methods.
|
['Adolescent', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cognition', 'Educational Status', 'Ependymoma', 'Female', 'Hormone Replacement Therapy', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Intelligence', 'Male', 'Radiotherapy Dosage', 'Radiotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Radiotherapy, Conformal', 'Seizures', 'Supratentorial Neoplasms', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 23,245,280
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['F02.463.188'], ['N01.824.196'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380.290', 'C04.557.470.670.380.290', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380.290'], ['E02.319.452'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['F01.752.543'], ['E02.815.639'], ['E02.186.775', 'E02.815.600'], ['E02.815.635.700', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.550'], ['C10.597.742', 'C23.888.592.742'], ['C04.588.614.250.195.885', 'C10.228.140.211.885', 'C10.551.240.250.700'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
N-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins from Ginkgo biloba pollen, an allergenic pollen.
|
The pollen of Ginkgo biloba is one of the allergens that cause pollen allergy symptoms. The plant complex type N-glycans bearing beta1-2 xylose and/or alpha1-3 fucose residue(s) linked to glycoallergens have been considered to be critical epitopes in various immune reactions. In this report, the structures of N-glycans of total glycoproteins prepared from Ginkgo biloba pollens were analyzed to confirm whether such plant complex type N-glycans occur in the pollen glycoproteins. The glycoproteins were extracted by SDS-Tris buffer. N-Glycans liberated from the pollen glycoprotein mixture by hydrazinolysis were labeled with 2-aminopyridine and the resulting pyridylaminated (PA-)N-glycans were purified by a combination of size-fractionation HPLC and reversed-phase HPLC. The structures of the PA-sugar chains were analyzed by a combination of two-dimensional sugar chain mapping, IS-MS, and MS/MS. The plant complex type structures (GlcNAc2Man3Xyl1Fuc1GlcNAc2 (31%), GlcNAc2Man3Xyl1GlcNAc2 (5%), Man3Xyl1Fuc1GlcNAc2 (13%), GlcNAc1Man3Xyl1Fuc1GlcNAc2 (8%), and GlcNAc1Man3Xyl1GlcNAc2 (17%)) have been found among the N-glycans of the glycoproteins of Ginkgo biloba pollen, which might be candidates for the epitopes involved in Ginkgo pollen allergy. The remaining 26% of the total pollen N-glycans have the typical high-mannose type structures: Man8GlcNAc2 (11%) and Man6GlcNAc2 (15%).
|
['Allergens', 'Carbohydrate Conformation', 'Carbohydrate Sequence', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Epitopes', 'Ginkgo biloba', 'Glycoproteins', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Oligosaccharides', 'Pollen']
| 11,676,012
|
[['D23.050.063'], ['G02.111.570.820.235'], ['G02.111.570.160', 'L01.453.245.667.160'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D23.050.550'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.125'], ['D09.400.430', 'D12.776.395'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D09.698.629'], ['A18.024.249.500.249.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
State-specific trends in lung cancer incidence and smoking--United States, 1999-2008.
|
Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Most deaths from lung cancer are caused by cigarette smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke. Large variations in lung cancer, smoking behavior, and tobacco control programs and policies have been observed among states. Effective tobacco control policies can decrease smoking prevalence, ultimately leading to decreases in lung cancer. To assess lung cancer incidence by state, CDC analyzed data from the National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) and the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program for the period 1999-2008. To assess smoking behavior by state, data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) for the period 1994-2009 were analyzed. This report summarizes the results of these analyses. From 1999 to 2008, decreases in lung cancer incidence were observed among men in 35 states and among women in six states. Regionally, the lowest rates and most rapid rate of decline in lung cancer were concentrated among states in the West, correlating with low smoking prevalence and high ratios of former smokers to ever smokers. Further reductions in smoking prevalence are critical to continue the decline in lung cancer incidence.
|
['Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Prevalence', 'Public Policy', 'SEER Program', 'Smoking', 'Smoking Cessation', 'Taxes', 'United States']
| 21,918,494
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['I01.655.500.608', 'I01.880.604.825.608', 'N03.623.500.608'], ['E05.318.308.970.725', 'N04.452.859.819.725', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700.725', 'N06.850.520.308.970.725'], ['F01.145.805'], ['F01.145.488.732'], ['N03.219.900'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
A tale of two bridges: effect of the bloodless bridge on renal function and blood pressure in neonates managed with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate if a change in bridge design of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) circuit had an impact on renal function and blood pressure in neonates requiring venoarterial ECMO support.DESIGN: : Retrospective chart review.SETTING: A tertiary care neonatal intensive care unit and ECMO center.PATIENTS: The medical records of neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit and treated with venoarterial ECMO were reviewed. Data were collected on 50 consecutive neonates treated previous to (prebridge group) and following (postbridge group) transition to a new bridge design on the ECMO circuit.INTERVENTIONS: None.MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Gestational age, gender, racial distribution, and use of hypertensive therapy were similar between the two groups. Daily blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, urine output, fluid balance, and average and maximum systolic and mean arterial blood pressures were recorded for the first 3 days on bypass. The postbridge group had lower maximum mean arterial blood pressure and systolic blood pressure on day 2 of ECMO and lower average mean arterial blood pressure and systolic blood pressure on days 2 and 3 of ECMO. These differences remained significant after controlling for covariates in a multiple regression model. A higher percentage of patients were hypertensive (mean arterial blood pressure >60) in the prebridge group compared with the postbridge group. There were no differences in blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, fluid balance, and urine output between the two groups.CONCLUSIONS: Patients managed on venoarterial ECMO after the transition to the "bloodless" bridge had less hypertension compared with those managed before the bridge change. This may reflect improved maintenance of renal perfusion associated with transition to an ECMO bridge design that does not require intermittent circulation with associated arterial-venous shunting.
|
['Blood Pressure', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Intensive Care Units, Neonatal', 'Kidney', 'Kidney Function Tests', 'Male', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 19,741,447
|
[['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['E02.880.301', 'E04.292.451'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['N02.278.388.493.390.380'], ['A05.810.453'], ['E01.370.390.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Long noncoding RNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 cooperates with enhancer of zeste homolog 2 to promote hepatocellular carcinoma development by modulating the microRNA-22/Snail family transcriptional repressor 1 axis.
|
Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is an oncogenic long noncoding RNA that has been found to promote carcinogenesis and metastasis in many tumors. However, the underlying role of MALAT1 in the progression and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. In this study, aberrantly elevated levels of MALAT1 were detected in both HCC specimens and cell lines. We found that knockdown of MALAT1 caused retardation in proliferation, migration, and invasion both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistic investigations showed that Snail family transcriptional repressor 1 (SNAI1) is a direct target of microRNA (miR)-22 and that MALAT1 modulates SNAI1 expression by acting as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-22. Inhibition of miR-22 restored SNAI1 expression suppressed by MALAT1 knockdown. Furthermore, MALAT1 facilitated the enrichment of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) at the promoter region of miR-22 and E-cadherin, which was repressed by MALAT1 knockdown. Cooperating with EZH2, MALAT1 positively regulated SNAI1 by repressing miR-22 and inhibiting E-cadherin expression, playing a vital role in epithelial to mesenchymal transition. In conclusion, our results reveal a mechanism by which MALAT1 promotes HCC progression and provides a potential target for HCC therapy.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, CD', 'Binding Sites', 'Cadherins', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Disease Progression', 'Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein', 'Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition', 'Female', 'Gene Expression', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Gene Knockdown Techniques', 'Hep G2 Cells', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Mice', 'Mice, Nude', 'MicroRNAs', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'RNA, Long Noncoding', 'Snail Family Transcription Factors']
| 32,129,914
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.200', 'D12.776.543.550.200.200', 'D23.050.301.350.200'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['D05.500.781.750.250', 'D08.811.913.555.500.800.200.500.500.500', 'D12.776.660.235.600.200.250', 'D12.776.664.235.800.200.250', 'D12.776.930.780.890.200.250'], ['G04.356.500'], ['G05.297'], ['G05.308.370'], ['E05.393.335.500'], ['A11.251.860.180.432', 'A11.436.348.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D13.444.735.790.375'], ['D12.776.930.815']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Personal method of transhiatal esophageal resection for neoplasm using thoracoscopy].
|
A method of the simultaneous with vats is presented. While lifting the oesophagus by hand introduced through widened hiatus the mobilization is performed using VATS.
|
['Aged', 'Esophageal Neoplasms', 'Esophagectomy', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Thoracoscopy']
| 9,446,384
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.274.476.205', 'C04.588.443.353', 'C06.301.371.205', 'C06.405.117.430', 'C06.405.249.205'], ['E04.210.346'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.388.250.840', 'E04.502.250.840', 'E04.928.752']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of chain flexibility on cell adhesion: Semi-flexible model-based analysis of cell adhesion to hydrogels.
|
Hydrogels have been developed and applied to various biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility. However, understanding of modulation between cells to hydrogel interface is still unclear, and parameters to explain the interaction are not sophisticated enough. In this report, we studied the effect of polymer chain flexibility on cell adhesion to various hydrogel constructs of collagen and fibrin gels. Specifically, novel method of semi-flexible model-based analysis confirmed that chain flexibility mediated microstructure of the hydrogels is a critical factor for cell adhesion on their surfaces. The proposed analysis showed possibility of more accurate prediction of biocompatibility of hydrogels, and it should be considered as one of the important criteria for polymer design and selections for enhancing both biocompatibility and biofunctionality.
|
['Animals', 'Biocompatible Materials', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Collagen', 'Elastic Modulus', 'Fibrin', 'Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells', 'Humans', 'Hydrogels']
| 30,792,420
|
[['B01.050'], ['D25.130', 'D27.720.102.130', 'J01.637.051.130'], ['G04.022'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['G01.374.590.605'], ['D12.776.124.270'], ['A11.436.275.682'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D20.280.320.375', 'D26.255.165.320.375']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Conversion of waste produced by the deodorization of palm oil as feedstock for the production of biodiesel using a catalyst prepared from waste material.
|
The distillate produced by deodorization of palm oil (DDPO) is a waste that corresponds to 4% of the product formed in this process. DDPO is 83% free of fatty acids (FFA), making it a good material for biodiesel production. In this paper, a catalyst prepared from a waste material, Amazon flint kaolin, was used for the esterification of DDPO with methanol. Leached metakaolin treated at 950°C and activated with 4M sulfuric acid (labeled as MF9S4) offered maximum esterification activity (92.8%) at 160°C with a DDPO:methanol molar ratio of 1:60 and a 4-h reaction time. The influences of reaction parameters, such as the molar ratio of the reactants, alcohol chain length, temperature, time and the presence of glycerides and unsaponifiable matter, have also been investigated. Based on the catalytic results, esterification of DDPO using MF9S4 can be a cheaper alternative for production of sustainable fuels.
|
['Biofuels', 'Catalysis', 'Kinetics', 'Odorants', 'Palm Oil', 'Plant Oils', 'Refuse Disposal', 'Temperature']
| 21,704,520
|
[['D20.147', 'N06.230.132.644.124'], ['G02.130'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['G16.500.275.640', 'N06.230.480'], ['D10.627.700.798', 'D20.215.784.750.728'], ['D10.627.700', 'D20.215.784.750'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.700', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
LncRNA Gm5091 alleviates alcoholic hepatic fibrosis by sponging miR-27b/23b/24 in mice.
|
The regulatory roles of lncRNAs in the development of alcoholic hepatic fibrosis (AHF) have not been revealed. Here, we found lncRNA Gm5091 was being downregulated in mouse hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) during AHF. Then, Gm5091 was, respectively, overexpressed and knocked down in alcohol-treated primary HSCs. Our results showed that Gm5091 negatively regulated cell migration, ROS content, IL-1â secretion, and expression of Collagen I and markers of HSC activation including á-SMA and Desmin. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis showed that Gm5091 sequence contained binding sites of miR-27b, miR-23b, and miR-24, and we proved that miR-27b/23b/24 all bound to Gm5091 by using RNA pull-down assay. Full-length Gm5091 could decrease the miR-27b/23b/24 levels, but the truncated Gm5091 deleting the binding sites could not. Finally, we confirmed that full-length Gm5091 could alleviate AHF in vivo, but the truncated Gm5091 could not. In conclusion, lncRNA Gm5091 alleviates mouse AHF by sponging miR-27b/23b/24.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Movement', 'Down-Regulation', 'Hepatic Stellate Cells', 'Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'MicroRNAs', 'RNA, Long Noncoding']
| 29,935,035
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['A11.561'], ['C06.552.630.380', 'C06.552.645.590', 'C23.550.355.412.380', 'C25.775.100.087.645.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['D13.444.735.790.375']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Rapid, phenotypic HIV-1 drug sensitivity assay for protease and reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
|
BACKGROUND: Development of drug resistance is one of the major reasons for the failure of antiretroviral therapy of HIV-1 infection. Knowing the drug sensitivity-resistance profile of viruses present in a patient prior to treatment or change in treatment could help to optimize therapy.OBJECTIVE: Development of a rapid standardized phenotypic HIV-1 drug sensitivity assay for protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors.DESIGN: The PR gene (codons 1-99) and the 5' part of the RT gene (codons 1-300) of HIV-1 is amplified from the plasma of infected individuals by RT-PCR and ligated into a proviral clone of HIV-1 containing a deletion of the PR gene and the 5' part of the RT gene. Bacteria are transformed with the ligation product and plasmid DNA is prepared from a library of transformed bacteria. The plasmid DNA is transfected into 293 T cells and recombinant virus is harvested from the supernatant of the transfected cells 2 days after transfection. The sensitivity of the recombinant virus is determined with the help of a sensitive indicator cell line.RESULTS: Recombinant viruses were generated with high efficiency. Determination of the drug sensitivity of the recombinant viruses with an indicator cell line was highly reproducible. The recombinant viruses accurately reflected the sensitivity-resistance profile of the parental viruses. The phenotypic drug sensitivity determined by this assay correlated well with the treatment history of patients.CONCLUSION: This assay system should allow rapid, high-throughput analyses of phenotypic HIV-1 drug sensitivity for PR and RT inhibitors. Due to the efficient generation of recombinant viruses, propagation of the recombinant viruses in cell culture is not required prior to the determination of the sensitivity of the recombinant viruses. The risk of selecting fitter non-resistant viruses due to culture conditions is minimized.
|
['Anti-HIV Agents', 'Cell Line', 'HIV Infections', 'HIV Protease', 'HIV Protease Inhibitors', 'HIV Reverse Transcriptase', 'HIV-1', 'Humans', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Phenotype', 'Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors', 'Time Factors']
| 10,405,894
|
[['D27.505.954.122.388.077.088'], ['A11.251.210'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['D08.811.277.656.074.500.340', 'D08.811.277.656.300.048.340', 'D08.811.277.656.979.500', 'D12.776.964.775.375.545.750', 'D12.776.964.900.500.625'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.900.500', 'D27.505.954.122.388.077.088.420'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300.750.187', 'D12.776.964.775.375.545.875', 'D12.776.964.775.375.750.187', 'D12.776.964.775.562.764.875', 'D12.776.964.900.750.500.545.875', 'D12.776.964.900.750.500.750.187', 'D12.776.964.970.600.850.375.545.875', 'D12.776.964.970.600.850.375.750.187'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['G05.695'], ['D27.505.519.389.675.850', 'D27.505.954.122.388.308'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Non-selective inhibition of mammalian protein kinases by flavinoids in vitro.
|
In vitro, the flavinoids quercetin, morin, and rutin produced comparable inhibition of protein kinase C prepared from bovine brain, the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated tyrosine specific protein kinase associated with A431 cell membranes, and the cAMP-stimulated protein kinase activity associated with rat brain tubulin. Concentrations producing 50% inhibition (IC50's) were in the 10 microM range. These findings demonstrate the lack of specificity of the flavinoids toward cyclic nucleotide-dependent vs cyclic nucleotide-independent protein kinases.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Animals', 'Cell Line', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Epidermal Growth Factor', 'Flavonoids', 'Phosphoproteins', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Kinase C', 'Protein Kinase Inhibitors']
| 3,495,834
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['D06.472.317.350', 'D12.644.276.382.500', 'D12.776.467.382.500', 'D23.529.382.500'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450'], ['D12.776.744'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.725'], ['D27.505.519.389.755']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A safe, blood-brain barrier permeable triphenylmethane dye inhibits amyloid-â neurotoxicity by generating nontoxic aggregates.
|
Growing evidence suggests that on-pathway amyloid-â (Aâ) oligomers are primary neurotoxic species and have a direct correlation with the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). One promising therapeutic strategy to block AD progression is to reduce the levels of these neurotoxic Aâ species using small molecules. While several compounds have been shown to modulate Aâ aggregation, compounds with such activity combined with safety and high blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability have yet to be reported. Brilliant Blue G (BBG) is a close structural analogue of a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved food dye and has recently garnered prominent attention as a potential drug to treat spinal cord injury due to its neuroprotective effects along with BBB permeability and high degree of safety. In this work, we demonstrate that BBG is an effective Aâ aggregation modulator, which reduces Aâ-associated cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner by promoting the formation of off-pathway, nontoxic aggregates. Comparative studies of BBG and three structural analogues, Brilliant Blue R (BBR), Brilliant Blue FCF (BBF), and Fast Green FCF (FGF), revealed that BBG is most effective, BBR is moderately effective, and BBF and FGF are least effective in modulating Aâ aggregation and cytotoxicity. Therefore, the two additional methyl groups of BBG and other structural differences between the congeners are important in the interaction of BBG with Aâ leading to formation of nontoxic Aâ aggregates. Our findings support the hypothesis that generating nontoxic aggregates using small molecule modulators is an effective strategy for reducing Aâ cytotoxicity. Furthermore, key structural features of BBG identified through structure-function studies can open new avenues into therapeutic design for combating AD.
|
['Amyloid beta-Peptides', 'Benzothiazoles', 'Blood-Brain Barrier', 'Cell Survival', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Humans', 'Microscopy, Electron, Transmission', 'Nerve Fibers', 'Neuroprotective Agents', 'Oxazines', 'Protein Binding', 'Rosaniline Dyes', 'Thiazoles', 'Trityl Compounds', 'Xanthenes']
| 22,860,159
|
[['D12.644.024', 'D12.776.049.407.249.500', 'D12.776.543.039.500'], ['D03.383.129.708.089', 'D03.633.100.185'], ['A07.035', 'A08.186.211.035'], ['G04.346'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.580', 'E05.595.402.580'], ['A08.675.542', 'A11.671.501'], ['D27.505.696.706.548', 'D27.505.954.427.575'], ['D03.383.533'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D02.092.146.755'], ['D02.886.675', 'D03.383.129.708'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.884'], ['D03.633.300.953']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Reading errors in first- and second-grade readers of a shallow orthography: evidence from Spanish.
|
BACKGROUND: Studies focusing on reading errors can help to understand how children learn to read and to structure key components of reading instruction. However, no prior studies have examined which letters might be a greater source of difficulty for beginning readers in Spanish.AIMS: First, to examine the pattern of reading errors in beginning readers in a shallow orthography like Spanish with a particular focus on both the context-dependant (c, g, r) and the visual similar (b, d, g, p, q) consonants. (The dual-route cascade model is used as a theoretical framework for predictions.) Second, to examine the effect of visual similarity on orientation reversals, using upper and lower case letters.SAMPLE: Ninety Spanish-speaking children (45 in Grade 1 and 45 in Grade 2) participated in the study.METHOD: Children were required to read aloud both words and non-words. Seven categories of errors were examined. To clarify the influence of visual similarity of easily confused consonants (b, d), upper and lower case letters were used.RESULTS: We found that most reading errors (as a function of opportunity) were due to context-dependant consonants (c, g, r), and a small proportion were due to the remaining consonants, or even the visually-similar consonants. Further, visual similarity of reversible letters had a significant effect on orientation reversals. Finally, there was a significant influence of factors such as syllable frequency on the number of word errors.CONCLUSIONS: The implications of these findings for early reading instruction and future research are discussed.
|
['Child', 'Discrimination Learning', 'Female', 'Form Perception', 'Humans', 'Learning', 'Male', 'Pattern Recognition, Visual', 'Reading', 'Spain', 'Teaching']
| 16,719,967
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['F02.463.425.280'], ['F02.463.593.373', 'F02.463.593.778.435'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['F02.463.593.524.500', 'F02.463.593.932.622'], ['L01.559.423.557'], ['Z01.542.846'], ['I02.903']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Boswellic acids reduce Th17 differentiation via blockade of IL-1â-mediated IRAK1 signaling.
|
Interferon-gamma producing CD4(+) T (Th1) cells and IL-17-producing CD4(+) T (Th17) cells are involved in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases including multiple sclerosis. Therefore, the development of treatment strategies controlling the generation and expansion of these effector cells is of high interest. Frankincense, the resin from trees of the genus Boswellia, and particularly its prominent bioactive compound acetyl-11-keto-â-boswellic acid (AKBA), have potent anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we demonstrate that AKBA is able to reduce the differentiation of human CD4(+) T cells to Th17 cells, while slightly increasing Th2- and Treg-cell differentiation. Furthermore, AKBA reduces the IL-1â-triggered IL-17A release of memory Th17 cells. AKBA may affect IL-1â signaling by preventing IL-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 phosphorylation and subsequently decreasing STAT3 phosphorylation at Ser727, which is required for Th17-cell differentiation. The effects of AKBA on Th17 differentiation and IL-17A release make the compound a good candidate for potential treatment of Th17-driven diseases.
|
['Adult', 'Blotting, Western', 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytokines', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Humans', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Interleukin-1 Receptor-Associated Kinases', 'Interleukin-17', 'Interleukin-1beta', 'Phosphorylation', 'STAT3 Transcription Factor', 'Signal Transduction', 'T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory', 'Th1 Cells', 'Th17 Cells', 'Th2 Cells', 'Triterpenes', 'Young Adult']
| 24,469,975
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.526', 'D12.644.360.370', 'D12.776.476.384'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.517', 'D12.776.467.374.465.517', 'D23.529.374.465.517'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010.600', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400.600', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010.600', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400.600', 'D23.529.374.465.131.600', 'D23.529.374.500.400.600'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D12.644.360.024.342.300', 'D12.776.157.057.186.300', 'D12.776.476.024.430.300', 'D12.776.930.840.300'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.700', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.700', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.700'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.400.900', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.400.900', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.400.900', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.400.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.400.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.400.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.400.900', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.400.900', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.400.900'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.400.915', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.400.915', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.400.915', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.400.770', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.400.770', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.400.770', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.400.915', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.400.915', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.400.915'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.400.905', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.400.905', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.400.905', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.400.750', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.400.750', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.400.750', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.400.905', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.400.905', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.400.905'], ['D02.455.849.919'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A reappraisal on the management of lumbosacral plexopathies in gynecological malignancies: where do the physiatrists stand?
|
Two patients are reported here with gynecological malignancies--an ovarian and a cervical carcinoma--who had suffered from lumbar plexopathies during their follow-up. Their management is discussed with an emphasis on the collaboration of the gynecologists and the rehabilitation physicians.
|
['Female', 'Humans', 'Lumbosacral Region', 'Middle Aged', 'Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed', 'Uterine Neoplasms']
| 16,174,245
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.923.176.519'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E07.913'], ['C04.588.945.418.948', 'C13.351.500.852.762', 'C13.351.937.418.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Indomethacin decreases furosemide-induced natriuresis and diuresis on the neonatal kidney.
|
Indomethacin is used to pharmacologically occlude patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants. It induces renal untoward effects and furosemide is administered simultaneously to counteract them. The effect of furosemide is blunted by indomethacin. We analyzed comparatively the interactions of furosemide and indomethacin at the organic anion transport system in adult and newborn individuals. Adult and 5-day-old Wistar rats were allocated into three groups: (1) indomethacin (10 mg/kg, ip); (2) furosemide (2 mg/kg, ip); and (3) indomethacin/furosemide, at the same doses. Urinary flow, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), sodium and potassium fractional excretions, and free-water and osmolal clearances were estimated. Para-aminohippuric acid (PAH) uptake was measured in renal cortical slices to study the organic anion's secretory pathway. In adult and newborn rats, furosemide-induced increments in urinary fluxes and excretions of sodium and potassium were blunted by indomethacin administered simultaneously. PAH uptake was decreased to a further extent by indomethacin than by furosemide, suggesting that inhibition of the diuretic effect might be related to competition in the secretion of furosemide. Inhibitory interaction between indomethacin and furosemide was achieved at approximately 10-fold lower concentrations in the newborn than in the adult rats, suggesting that tubular secretion in the neonate is more sensitive to the action of these drugs than in the adult individual.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Diuresis', 'Diuretics', 'Drug Antagonism', 'Female', 'Furosemide', 'Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'Indomethacin', 'Kidney', 'Natriuresis', 'Osmosis', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Sodium', 'Urine', 'Water']
| 16,932,901
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['G08.852.179'], ['D27.505.696.560.500'], ['G07.690.773.968.310'], ['D02.065.884.725.300', 'D02.092.146.807.300', 'D02.886.590.700.725.300'], ['E01.370.390.400.300', 'G08.852.357'], ['D03.633.100.473.420'], ['A05.810.453'], ['G08.852.179.557'], ['G01.154.090.750', 'G02.111.655', 'G02.691', 'G02.723.495'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['A12.207.927'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Spectrum of Von Willebrand disease and inherited platelet function disorders amongst Indian bleeders.
|
Platelet function disorders (PFD) and Von Willebrand disease (VWD) are among the uncommon causes of bleeding in haematological practice. The inherited variety of PFD includes defects in platelet adhesion, aggregation, secretion and platelet procoagulant activities. VWD is classified into three major categories-type 1 and 3 (quantitative deficiency) and type 2 VWD (qualitative defect). In the present study, the profile and prevalence of inherited PFD and VWD in Indians are described. Two thousand eight hundred patients with history of muco-cutaneous bleeding and other bleeding disorders were investigated. The tests performed included platelet count, bleeding time, PT, APTT, F VIII assay, platelet factor 3 (PF3) availability, platelet aggregation studies, VWF:Ag, VWF:RCo and multimeric analysis. Out of 2,800 patients investigated, a total of 872 (31.1%) were characterized to have either inherited coagulation defects (64.2%) or inherited platelet function disorders (35.8%). Of these 872 patients, 312 (35.8%) cases were characterized to have inherited PFD and 94 (16.8%) patients as VWD. Among 312 inherited PFD patients, isolated PF3 availability defect (48.1%) was most common, followed by unclassified PFD (37.2%). Among 94 VWD patients, type 2 VWD was most common (44.7%), followed by type 3 VWD (34.5%) and type 1 VWD (21.3%), respectively. Bleeding manifestations included easy bruising (46%), undue prolonged bleeding from trivial injuries (50% in PFD and type 1 and type 2 VWD and 100% in type 3 VWD), menorrhagia (31%), gum bleeds (22%), epistaxis (55%), haematuria (6%), GI bleeds (11%) and rarely, haematomas and haemarthoses (4%). In conclusion, VWD and inherited platelet function disorders are not uncommon among Indian population presenting with bleeding disorders.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Blood Coagulation Disorders', 'Blood Platelet Disorders', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'India', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prevalence', 'von Willebrand Diseases']
| 17,375,300
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C15.378.100'], ['C15.378.140'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['C15.378.100.100.900', 'C15.378.100.141.900', 'C15.378.140.900', 'C15.378.463.920', 'C16.320.099.920']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[A case of successful use of triple approach in a kidney cancer patient with metastatic lesion to the lung and pleural cavity].
|
Metastasis to the lung is the most common place connected with kidney cancer progression. Wherein metastasectomy is accompanied by satisfactory 5- and 10-year survival achieving 49% and 21% respectively. Pleural lesion due to this tumor develops as a part of systemic metastasis and, as a rule, is a consequence of neoplastic spread from lung parenchyma, which indicates a poor prognosis and is an indication for palliative care.
|
['Aged', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Cisplatin', 'Dendritic Cells', 'Drainage', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Humans', 'Hyperthermia, Induced', 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Photochemotherapy', 'Pleural Cavity', 'Pleural Neoplasms', 'Thoracotomy', 'Transplantation, Autologous', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 25,816,672
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['D01.210.375', 'D01.625.125', 'D01.710.100'], ['A11.066.270', 'A11.436.270', 'A15.382.066.270', 'A15.382.670.260'], ['E02.309', 'E04.237'], ['E02.319.283'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.565'], ['C04.588.945.947.535', 'C12.758.820.750', 'C12.777.419.473', 'C13.351.937.820.535', 'C13.351.968.419.473'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['E02.186.500', 'E02.319.685', 'E02.774.722'], ['A01.923.761.800.650'], ['C04.588.894.797.640', 'C08.528.694', 'C08.785.640'], ['E04.928.760'], ['E04.936.664'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Relationships between the degree of cross-linking of surface immunoglobulin and the associated inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and Ca2+ signals in human B cells.
|
Cross-linking of surface immunoglobulin (Ig) receptors on human B cells leads to the activation of a tyrosine kinase. The activated tyrosine kinase subsequently phosphorylates a number of substrates, including phospholipase C-gamma. This enzyme breaks down phosphoinositol bisphosphate to form two intracellular messengers, diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, leading to the activation of protein kinase C and the release of intracellular Ca2+ respectively. We have used h.p.l.c. and flow cytometry to measure accurately the inositol phosphate turnover and Ca2+ release in anti-Ig-stimulated human B cells. In particular, we have examined the effect of dose of the cross-linking antibody on the two responses. The identity of putative messenger inositol phosphates has been verified by structural analysis, and the amounts of both inositol phosphates and Ca2+ present have been quantified. In the Ramos Burkitt lymphoma, which is very sensitive to stimulus through its Ig receptors, both inositol phosphate production and Ca2+ release were found to be related to the dose of anti-Ig antibody applied. This suggests that phospholipase C-mediated signal transduction in human B cells converts the degree of cross-linking of the immunoglobulin receptor quantitatively into intracellular signals.
|
['B-Lymphocytes', 'Calcium', 'Cations, Divalent', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Cross-Linking Reagents', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Humans', 'Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate', 'Inositol Phosphates', 'Palatine Tonsil', 'Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell', 'Signal Transduction', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 1,599,430
|
[['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D01.248.497.300.333'], ['A11.251'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D27.720.470.410.210'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.033.800.519.400.350', 'D09.853.519.400.350', 'D09.894.480.350'], ['D02.033.800.519.400', 'D09.853.519.400', 'D09.894.480'], ['A04.623.603.925', 'A10.549.580', 'A14.724.603.925', 'A15.382.520.604.580'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725'], ['D12.776.124.790.651.950', 'D12.776.377.715.548.950', 'D12.776.543.750.705.816.821'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of nucleolin on adriamycin resistance via the regulation of B-cell lymphoma 2 expression in Burkitt's lymphoma cells.
|
Nucleolin (NCL, C23) is an important nucleocytoplasmic multifunctional protein. Due to its multifaceted profile and high expression in cancer, NCL is considered to be a marker of drug resistance associated with chemotherapy. However, the biochemical mechanisms in which NCL suppresses drug sensitivity in several cancers have yet to be fully elucidated. This study aims to explore the effect of NCL on drug sensitivity and its potential mechanism in CA46 Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) cells. CA46 BL cells were transfected with lentiviruses carrying the NCL gene (CA46-NCL-overexpression, CA46-NCL-OE), or shRNA sequences that target the endogenous NCL gene (CA46-NCL-knockdown, CA46-NCL-KD). Adriamycin (ADM) IC50 levels for CA46-NCL-overexpressed (OE), CA46-NCL-OE control (OEC), CA46-NCL-knockdown (KD), and CA46-NCL-KD control (KDC) cells were 0.68 ± 0.06 ìg/ml, 0.68 ± 0.06 ìg/ml, 0.68 ± 0.06 ìg/ml, and 0.30 ± 0.04 ìg/ml, respectively. Apoptosis rates were significantly increased following NCL KD, whereas the opposite effect was noted in OE cells. A significant reduction of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) mRNA and protein levels in KD cells was observed, while OE cells displayed the opposite effect. The stability of Bcl-2 mRNA was influenced by NCL levels, the half-life of which was extended after NCL-OE, whereas it was reduced in KD cells. Finally, results of RNA-immunoprecipitation assays indicated that NCL could bind to Bcl-2 mRNA in CA46 cells. Taken together, these results suggested that NCL could mediate Bcl-2 expression and stability, and thus enhance ADM resistance in CA46 BL cells.
|
['Antibiotics, Antineoplastic', 'Apoptosis', 'Burkitt Lymphoma', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Doxorubicin', 'Drug Resistance, Neoplasm', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Phosphoproteins', 'Protein Binding', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2', 'RNA Stability', 'RNA, Messenger', 'RNA-Binding Proteins', 'Signal Transduction']
| 31,127,617
|
[['D27.505.954.248.106'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['C01.925.256.466.313.165', 'C01.925.928.313.165', 'C04.557.386.480.150.165', 'C15.604.515.569.480.150.165', 'C20.683.515.761.480.150.165'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200.175', 'D04.615.562.050.200.175', 'D09.408.051.059.200.175'], ['G07.690.773.984.395'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.744'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.644.360.075.718', 'D12.776.476.075.718', 'D12.776.624.664.700.169'], ['G02.111.780'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.157.725', 'D12.776.664.962'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness among children, 2010-2012.
|
BACKGROUND: The annual differences in the seasonal influenza vaccine and the circulating strains make it necessary to assess influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) yearly. We assessed the effectiveness of the trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine for the 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 influenza seasons among children in Guangzhou, China.METHODS: We conducted a 1:2 matched case-control study based on date of birth (±7 days), gender, and area of residence. The influenza cases from surveillance sites in Guangzhou were laboratory-confirmed during the 2010-2012 seasons. The controls were randomly selected from children aged 6-59 months in the Children's Expanded Programmed Immunization Administrative Computerized System. The influenza vaccination information for both cases and controls was retrieved from this system.RESULTS: We analyzed the vaccination information for 1255 influenza cases and 2510 matched controls in 2 influenza seasons in Guangzhou, China. We found that the VE for vaccination during the 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 seasons of virus circulation was 73·2% (95% confidence interval (CI), 52·2-85·0%) and 52·9% (95% CI, 42·1-61·7%), respectively. The VE decreased from 68·9% (95% CI, 57·5-77·2%) in the period between January and March to 48·4% (95% CI, 33·8-59·7%) in the period between April and June.CONCLUSIONS: This post-licensing study of VE found moderate protection against influenza for vaccinated children aged 6-59 months. Although the influenza vaccine strains for the 2010-2011 and the 2011-2012 seasons were the same, our study indicated that annual vaccination is recommended even for those who received the vaccine during the previous season.
|
['Case-Control Studies', 'Child, Preschool', 'China', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Influenza Vaccines', 'Influenza, Human', 'Male', 'Vaccines, Inactivated']
| 23,981,250
|
[['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['D20.215.894.899.302'], ['C01.748.310', 'C01.925.782.620.365', 'C08.730.310'], ['D20.215.894.830']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
CROI 2017: Advances in Antiretroviral Therapy.
|
The 2017 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) featured exciting preclinical data on investigational antiretroviral agents with good in vitro efficacy and long half-lives. Investigational medications, including bictegravir, demonstrated excellent efficacy and tolerability, as did dual-agent therapy with dolutegravir paired with rilpivirine or with lamivudine. Dolutegravir monotherapy proved inadvisable due to virologic failure and resistance. The gap between high- and low-income settings along the HIV care continuum is narrowing, with Zimbabwe, Malawi, and Zambia approaching the 90-90-90 targets established by the joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), whereas communities in the Southern United States are falling behind. Innovative strategies to improve outcomes include 2-way text messaging, home-based HIV testing, peer navigation, and New York City's realignment of services into comprehensive sexual health programs. A high prevalence of resistance was documented in low- and middle-income settings and policy considerations were modeled to address increasing resistance rates. Novel resistance mutations to integrase strand transfer inhibitors and nucleoside analogue reserve transcriptase inhibitors were identified, but the clinical implications are unclear and require further investigation. Several studies provided insights on dosing and safety of antiretroviral therapy to prevent mother-to-child transmission through pharmacokinetic analysis. A special session devoted to Zika virus included a study of its effects on the central nervous system and a promising animal study of a Zika vaccine.
|
['Anti-HIV Agents', 'Anti-Retroviral Agents', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Lamivudine', 'New York City', 'Zika Virus', 'Zika Virus Infection']
| 28,598,790
|
[['D27.505.954.122.388.077.088'], ['D27.505.954.122.388.077'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.383.742.680.245.500.950.500', 'D13.570.230.329.950.500', 'D13.570.230.500.925.500', 'D13.570.685.245.500.950.500'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.530.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530.530', 'Z01.433.741'], ['B04.820.578.344.350.995'], ['C01.920.500.990', 'C01.925.081.990', 'C01.925.782.350.250.990']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Variation profiles of common surgical procedures.
|
BACKGROUND: Rates of many surgical procedures vary widely across both large and small geographic regions. Although variation in health care use has long been described, few studies have systematically compared variation profiles across surgical procedures. The goal of this study was to examine current patterns of regional variation in the rates of common surgical procedures.METHODS: The study population consisted of patients enrolled in Medicare in 1995, excluding those enrolled in risk-bearing health maintenance organizations. Patients ranged in age from 65 to 99 years. Using data from hospital discharge abstracts, we calculated rates of 11 common inpatient procedures for each of 306 US hospital referral regions (HRRs). To assess the relative variability of each procedure, we determined the number of low and high outlier regions (HRRs with rates < 50% or > 150% the national average) and the ratio of highest to lowest HRR rates.RESULTS: Procedures differed markedly in their variability. Rates of hip fracture repair, resection for colorectal cancer, and cholecystectomy varied only 1.9- to 2.9-fold across HRRs (0, 0, and 4 outlier regions, respectively). Coronary artery bypass grafting, transurethral prostatectomy, mastectomy, and total hip replacement had intermediate variation profiles, varying 3.5- to 4.7-fold across regions (8, 10, 16, and 17 outlier regions, respectively). Lower extremity revascularization, carotid endarterectomy, back surgery, and radical prostatectomy had the highest variation profiles, varying 6.5- to 10.1-fold across HRRs (25, 32, 39, and 56 outlier regions, respectively).CONCLUSIONS: Although the use of many surgical procedures varies widely across geographic areas, rates of "discretionary" procedures are most variable. To avoid potential overuse or underuse, efforts to increase consensus in clinical decision making should focus on these high variation procedures.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Humans', 'Medicare', "Practice Patterns, Physicians'", 'Surgical Procedures, Operative', 'United States']
| 9,823,407
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.219.521.346.506.564.663', 'N03.219.521.576.343.840', 'N03.706.615.696'], ['N04.590.374.577', 'N05.300.625'], ['E04'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Acute pelvic pain syndrome. Diagnostic and therapeutic approach in women].
|
Acute pelvic pain is a common syndrome in women and is an emergency. Management requires rapid diagnostic evaluation to enable immediate treatment. Blood tests (beta-HCG assay, etc.), bacteriological studies and pelvic ultrasonography may be required. Gynecological problems are the commonest etiology: ectopic pregnancy, miscarriage, PID. The possibility nevertheless remains of appendicitis, sigmoid diverticulitis, UTI or renal colic, all of which are medical or surgical emergencies.
|
['Abortion, Spontaneous', 'Adnexal Diseases', 'Adult', 'Appendicitis', 'Colic', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Diverticulitis, Colonic', 'Emergencies', 'Female', 'Genital Diseases, Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Ovarian Cysts', 'Pelvic Inflammatory Disease', 'Pelvic Pain', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy, Ectopic', 'Rupture, Spontaneous', 'Shock', 'Sigmoid Diseases', 'Torsion Abnormality', 'Urinary Tract Infections', 'Uterine Neoplasms']
| 7,817,082
|
[['C13.703.039', 'G08.686.784.769.496.125'], ['C13.351.500.056'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C01.463.099', 'C06.405.205.099', 'C06.405.469.110.207'], ['C16.614.166'], ['E01.171'], ['C06.405.205.282.500.250', 'C06.405.469.158.587.500'], ['C23.550.291.781', 'N06.230.100.083', 'N06.850.376'], ['C13.351.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.182.612', 'C13.351.500.056.630.580', 'C19.391.630.580'], ['C01.635.500', 'C13.351.500.056.750'], ['C23.888.592.612.944'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.733'], ['C23.300.909'], ['C23.550.835'], ['C06.405.469.158.850'], ['C23.300.970'], ['C01.915', 'C12.777.892', 'C13.351.968.892'], ['C04.588.945.418.948', 'C13.351.500.852.762', 'C13.351.937.418.875']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of optical isomers of clenbuterol on the relaxant response in rat uterus.
|
Previous works have shown that the administration of the racemic beta -adrenoceptor agent clenbuterol produces a desensitization of the relaxant response in rat uterus. The aim of this work was to study the effects of the optical isomers of clenbuterol on the relaxant response in rat uterus. The administration of (L)-clenbuterol (0.25 mg per kg per day) over 1 or 10 consecutive days, produced a reduction of the relaxant response to isoproterenol in uterine rings precontracted with 50 m m KCl from oestrogenic rats. The administration of (D)-clenbuterol (0.25 mg per kg per day) over 1 or 10 days did not affect the relaxant response of isoproterenol. (L)-clenbuterol also produced a concentration-dependent relaxant effect that was not observed with (D)-clenbuterol. These results show that the beta-adrenergic relaxant response and the desensitization of the relaxant effect to isoproterenol is due to the (L)-isomer and that the (D)-isomer is not involved in these effects.
|
['Adrenergic beta-Agonists', 'Animals', 'Clenbuterol', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Muscle Relaxation', 'Myometrium', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2', 'Stereoisomerism']
| 11,243,716
|
[['D27.505.519.625.050.100.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.100.200'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.033.100.291.231', 'D02.092.063.291.231'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G11.427.494.554'], ['A02.633.570.500', 'A05.360.319.679.690', 'A10.690.467.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.300.340.200', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.300.340.725', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.300.340.200'], ['G02.607.445.682']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[A rare form of total abnormal pulmonary stenosis return: atresia of the common pulmonary vein].
|
One case of atresia of the common pulmonary vein is discussed at the light of the few reports found in the literature. The presence of criteria distinguishing this type of obstacle to pulmonary venous return from the other cases, is of practical diagnostic interest; indeed, its diagnosis leads to surgical intervention, theoretically curative.
|
['Child, Preschool', 'Electrocardiography', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pulmonary Valve Stenosis', 'Pulmonary Veins']
| 931,535
|
[['M01.060.406.448'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.280.484.716', 'C14.280.955.750'], ['A07.015.908.713']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Is radiation indicated in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ and close or positive mastectomy margins?
|
PURPOSE: Resection margin status is one of the most significant factors for local recurrence in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) treated with breast-conserving surgery with or without radiation. However, its impact on chest wall recurrence in patients treated with mastectomy is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine chest wall recurrence rates in women with DCIS and close (<5 mm) or positive mastectomy margins in order to evaluate the potential role of radiation therapy.METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between 1985 and 2005, 193 women underwent mastectomy for DCIS. Fifty-five patients had a close final margin, and 4 patients had a positive final margin. Axillary surgery was performed in 17 patients. Median follow-up was 8 years. Formal pathology review was conducted to measure and verify margin status. Nuclear grade, architectural pattern, and presence or absence of necrosis was recorded.RESULTS: Median pathologic size of the DCIS in the mastectomy specimen was 4.5 cm. Twenty-two patients had DCIS of >5 cm or diffuse disease. Median width of the close final margin was 2 mm. Nineteen patients had margins of <1 mm. One of these 59 patients experienced a chest wall recurrence with regional adenopathy, followed by distant metastases 2 years following skin-sparing mastectomy. The DCIS was high-grade, 4 cm, with a 5-mm deep margin. A second patient developed an invasive cancer in the chest wall 20 years after her mastectomy for DCIS. This cancer was considered a new primary site arising in residual breast tissue.CONCLUSIONS: The risk of chest wall recurrence in this series of patients is 1.7% for all patients and 3.3% for high-grade DCIS. One out of 20 (5%) patients undergoing skin sparing or total skin-sparing mastectomy experienced a chest wall recurrence. This risk of a chest wall recurrence appears sufficiently low not to warrant a recommendation for postmastectomy radiation therapy for patients with margins of <5 mm. There were too few patients with positive margins to draw any firm conclusions.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Axilla', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Carcinoma in Situ', 'Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymph Node Excision', 'Mastectomy', 'Mastectomy, Segmental', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Neoplasm, Residual', 'Radiotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Thoracic Wall', 'Tumor Burden']
| 20,646,871
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A01.378.800.090'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['C04.557.470.200.240'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.232.500', 'C04.557.470.615.132.500', 'C04.588.180.390', 'C17.800.090.500.390'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.446'], ['E04.466'], ['E04.466.701'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['C04.697.700', 'C23.550.727.700'], ['E02.186.775', 'E02.815.600'], ['A01.923.761.850'], ['E05.041.124.892']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Maternal periodontal status and preterm delivery: a hospital based case-control study.
|
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Recent studies have presented evidence that periodontal disease in pregnant women may be a determining factor for preterm delivery. However, this finding has not been consistently observed. The present investigation was carried out to explore the association between maternal periodontal disease and preterm delivery in the state of Kerala, India.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The case-control study had a sample of 300 (100 cases and 200 controls) postpartum women over 18 years of age. Cases were women who had undergone spontaneous preterm delivery (< 37 wk of gestation) and controls were women who delivered at term (? 37 wk of gestation). Standard, clinical and periodontal examinations were performed at the maternity wards, and the existence of an association between periodontal disease and preterm delivery was evaluated by means of a multivariate logistic regression model that also considered other risk factors for preterm delivery.RESULTS: Periodontitis was diagnosed in 25% of the mothers in the case group and in 14.5% of the mothers in the control group. Logistic regression analysis indicated a risk of nearly threefold for preterm delivery in mothers with periodontitis [adjusted odds ratio (OR(a) ) = 2.72; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.68-6.84]. The other factors significantly associated with preterm birth were physical exertion (OR(a) = 2.80; 95% CI: 1.18-6.65), a previous history of preterm birth (OR(a) = 2.65; 95% CI: 1.20-5.83) and previous abortion/death of infant (OR(a) = 4.08; 95% CI: 1.56-10.65).CONCLUSION: Periodontal disease is a possible risk factor for preterm delivery in this population.
|
['Adult', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Hospitals', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Periodontal Index', 'Periodontitis', 'Physical Exertion', 'Pregnancy', 'Premature Birth', 'Prenatal Care', 'Risk Factors', 'Social Class', 'Tobacco Smoke Pollution', 'Young Adult']
| 21,507,002
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['N02.278.421'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.300.725', 'E06.208.720', 'E06.721.658', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.300.690', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.300.725', 'N06.890.160.215'], ['C07.465.714.533'], ['G11.427.683'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.420.491.500'], ['E02.760.786', 'N02.421.143.620.704', 'N02.421.585.786'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['I01.880.853.996.755', 'N01.824.782'], ['D20.633.937.680', 'N06.850.460.100.555'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Audiovisual matching in speech and nonspeech sounds: a neurodynamical model.
|
Audiovisual speech perception provides an opportunity to investigate the mechanisms underlying multimodal processing. By using nonspeech stimuli, it is possible to investigate the degree to which audiovisual processing is specific to the speech domain. It has been shown in a match-to-sample design that matching across modalities is more difficult in the nonspeech domain as compared to the speech domain. We constructed a biophysically realistic neural network model simulating this experimental evidence. We propose that a stronger connection between modalities in speech underlies the behavioral difference between the speech and the nonspeech domain. This could be the result of more extensive experience with speech stimuli. Because the match-to-sample paradigm does not allow us to draw conclusions concerning the integration of auditory and visual information, we also simulated two further conditions based on the same paradigm, which tested the integration of auditory and visual information within a single stimulus. New experimental data for these two conditions support the simulation results and suggest that audiovisual integration of discordant stimuli is stronger in speech than in nonspeech stimuli. According to the simulations, the connection strength between auditory and visual information, on the one hand, determines how well auditory information can be assigned to visual information, and on the other hand, it influences the magnitude of multimodal integration.
|
['Acoustic Stimulation', 'Computer Simulation', 'Humans', 'Models, Neurological', 'Neural Networks, Computer', 'Nonlinear Dynamics', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Sound', 'Speech', 'Speech Perception', 'Visual Perception']
| 19,302,007
|
[['E02.037', 'E02.190.888.030', 'E05.723.136'], ['L01.224.160'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395.642'], ['G17.485', 'L01.224.050.375.605'], ['E05.599.850', 'H01.548.675'], ['E05.723.729'], ['G01.750.770.776'], ['F01.145.209.908.677', 'G11.561.812', 'L01.559.423.676'], ['F02.463.593.071.875', 'G07.888.125.875'], ['F02.463.593.932']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Spontaneous mutation rate in clones of Chinese hamster cells differing in UV sensitivity].
|
The paper deals with a study of the rate of spontaneous mutations to 6-mercaptopurine resistance in cells of CHR2, CHS2 clones differing in sensitivity to the lethal and mutagenic effects of UV irradiation. An enhanced UV-sensitivity of CHS2 clone was shown earlier to be the result of a disturbance in postreplication DNA repair. Estimation of spontaneous mutation rate in the HPRT locus demonstrated that it is similar for both clones (1.5 to 1.8 X 10(-5) per cell, per generation). The defect of postreplication DNA repair in Chinese hamster cells was found to be unrelated to the increase in spontaneous mutability. The possible role of the repair process in the mechanism of initiation of spontaneous and induced mutations in Chinese hamster cells with the enhanced UV-sensitivity is discussed.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Clone Cells', 'Cricetinae', 'Cricetulus', 'DNA Repair', 'Mercaptopurine', 'Mutation', 'Radiation Tolerance', 'Ultraviolet Rays']
| 6,683,211
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.251.353'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.250'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['D02.886.489.534', 'D03.633.100.759.570'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G04.712', 'G07.738'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Low-frequency collective chain dynamics in a model biomembrane.
|
Proton NMR was employed as a probe for the collective hydrocarbon chain dynamics in decylammonium chloride (C10H21NH3Cl), a model biomembrane undergoing an irreversible structural phase transition sequence. Our rotating frame spin-lattice relaxation measurements revealed a low-frequency critical collective chain dynamics in the kHz regime, which is associated with the interdigitated to noninterdigitated chain configurational phase transition.
|
['Amines', 'Biophysical Phenomena', 'Biophysics', 'Chemical Phenomena', 'Chemistry, Physical', 'Lipid Bilayers', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Membrane Lipids', 'Models, Chemical', 'Temperature']
| 11,690,071
|
[['D02.092'], ['G01.154'], ['H01.158.344', 'H01.671.100'], ['G02'], ['H01.181.529'], ['D10.570.510', 'J01.637.087.500.510'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['D10.570'], ['E05.599.495'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Short-term potentiation of carotid chemoreflex: an NMDAR-dependent neural integrator.
|
Repetitive stimulation of the carotid sinus nerve (CSN) elicits a short-term potentiation (STP) of the reflex response in respiratory motor output in mammals. The input-output transformation approximates a leaky integrator with a time constant of several seconds. Here, we showed that STP induced by CSN stimulation in rats was manifested in the reflex response in the amplitude of rhythmic phrenic nerve activity as well as its duration. Moreover, pharmacological blockade of NMDA receptors (NMDAR) resulted in marked increases in the time constants of the equivalent neural integrator in both the STP induction phase (by 10- to 20-fold) and recovery phase (by 1- to 5-fold). Thus, NMDAR serves as a molecular switch that facilitates the integrative processing of CSN inputs by STP.
|
['Animals', 'Carotid Sinus', 'Chemoreceptor Cells', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Male', 'Models, Neurological', 'Periodicity', 'Phrenic Nerve', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Reaction Time', 'Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate', 'Reflex', 'Respiratory Physiological Phenomena']
| 10,439,445
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.186.456'], ['A08.675.650.915.500', 'A08.800.950.500', 'A11.671.650.915.500'], ['E05.723.402'], ['E05.599.395.642'], ['G01.910.645', 'G07.180.562'], ['A08.800.800.720.150.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.500.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.400.500'], ['E01.370.376.550.650', 'E01.370.600.550.650', 'F02.830.702', 'G11.561.731'], ['G09.772']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Abnormal lung elasticity in juvenile diabetes mellitus.
|
Static lung pressure-volume curves, lung volumes, spirometry, diffusing capacity for CO, and airway and total pulmonary resistance were determined in 11 young men with juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus who were not cigarette smokers. Twelve nonsmoking men of similar age without diabetes served as control subjects. Elastic recoil at low lung volumes was significantly less in the diabetics than in the control group. Total lung capacity was also decreased in the diabetics. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in the other parameters of pulmonary function measured. It is postulated that the abnormalities in lung elastic behavior are manifestations of the widespread elastin and collagen abnormalities that have been demonstrated in diabetes and are, in some respects, similar to those that occur during normal aging. Loss of elastic recoil at low lung volumes may cause more significant decreases in flows and gas transport as the juvenile diabetics age.
|
['Adult', 'Airway Resistance', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Humans', 'Lung Compliance', 'Lung Volume Measurements', 'Male', 'Maximal Expiratory Flow Rate', 'Residual Volume', 'Spirometry', 'Total Lung Capacity']
| 1,247,213
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.386.700.050', 'G09.772.060'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.386.700.475', 'G09.772.540'], ['E01.370.386.700.485'], ['E01.370.386.700.660.225.500', 'G09.772.650.300.590'], ['E01.370.386.700.485.750.275.650', 'G09.772.850.390.820'], ['E01.370.386.700.750'], ['E01.370.386.700.485.750', 'G09.772.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Appendicitis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
|
Reports in the surgical literature are few regarding common intra-abdominal disease processes, such as gallstone disease or appendicitis, in patients with AIDS and instead have focused on AIDS-related intra-abdominal diseases that infrequently require surgical intervention unless complicated by bleeding, obstruction, or perforation. A literature review for appendicitis in AIDS patients revealed only 30 well-documented cases drawn from 13 studies, with a 40% perforation rate and frequent delays and errors in diagnosis. A 7-year experience with 28 patients with appendicitis and AIDS from 4 urban San Francisco hospitals is reviewed. There were no perioperative deaths and an 18% postoperative complication rate. Five patients (18%) were found to have normal appendices with other intra-abdominal pathology, and an AIDS-related etiology for appendicitis was discovered in 7 of 23 patients with appendicitis (30%). With the exception of diffuse versus localized abdominal pain, no preoperative symptom or sign was useful in differentiating AIDS-related and non-AIDS-related disease. Aggressive use of ultrasound and abdominal computed tomographic scanning, along with early surgical intervention, is recommended.
|
['AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections', 'Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome', 'Adult', 'Appendicitis', 'Colitis', 'Cytomegalovirus Infections', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Laparotomy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Time Factors']
| 1,332,523
|
[['C01.221.250.875.100', 'C01.597.050', 'C01.610.684.050', 'C01.925.597.050', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.100', 'C20.673.480.100'], ['C01.221.250.875.040', 'C01.221.812.640.400.040', 'C01.778.640.400.040', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.040', 'C01.925.813.400.040', 'C01.925.839.040', 'C20.673.480.040'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C01.463.099', 'C06.405.205.099', 'C06.405.469.110.207'], ['C06.405.205.265', 'C06.405.469.158.188'], ['C01.925.256.466.245'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.406'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Postpartum hemorrhage resulting from pelvic pseudoaneurysm: a retrospective analysis of 588 consecutive cases treated by arterial embolization.
|
OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to determine the incidence of arterial pseudoaneurysm in patients presenting with postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), to analyze the angiographic characteristics of pseudoaneurysms that cause PPH, and to evaluate the effectiveness of pelvic arterial embolization for the treatment of this condition.STUDY DESIGN: Eighteen women with pelvic arterial pseudoaneurysm were retrieved from a series of 588 consecutive patients with PPH treated by arterial embolization. Clinical files, angiographic examinations, and procedure details were reviewed.RESULTS: The incidence of pseudoaneurysm was 3.06 % (18/588; 95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.82-4.8 %). A total of 20 pseudoaneurysms were found; 15/20 (75 %) were located on the uterine arteries. Angiography revealed extravasation of contrast material from pseudoaneurysm indicating rupture in 9 of 18 (50 %) patients. Arterial embolization was performed using gelatin sponge alone in 12 of 18 (67 %) patients or in association with metallic coils in 5 of 18 (28 %) patients or n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate in 1 of 18 (6 %) patients. Arterial embolization allowed controlling the bleeding in all patients after one or two embolization sessions in 17 of 18 (94 %) and 1 of 18 patients (6 %) respectively, without complications, obviating the need for further surgery.CONCLUSIONS: Pseudoaneurysm is rarely associated with PPH. Arterial embolization is an effective and safe procedure for the treatment of PPH due to uterine or vaginal artery pseudoaneurysm. Our results suggest that gelatin sponge is effective for the treatment of ruptured pseudoaneurysms, although we agree that our series does not contain sufficient material to allow drawing definitive conclusions with respect to the most effective embolic material.
|
['Adult', 'Aneurysm, False', 'Angiography, Digital Subtraction', 'Embolization, Therapeutic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Iliac Artery', 'Postpartum Hemorrhage', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Uterine Artery']
| 23,756,881
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C14.907.055.090'], ['E01.370.350.600.350.700.060', 'E01.370.350.700.060.060', 'E01.370.350.700.700.060', 'E01.370.350.760.060', 'E01.370.370.050.060'], ['E02.520.360', 'E02.926.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A07.015.114.444'], ['C13.703.420.725', 'C13.703.844.700', 'C23.550.414.993.850'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['A07.015.114.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
An in vitro oral biofilm model for comparing the efficacy of antimicrobial mouthrinses.
|
The ability of commercial mouthrinses to reduce total viable counts of mixed microbial populations was examined using a previously developed in vitro model of supragingival plaque. Exploratory experiments aimed at fine-tuning the model indicated that optimal correspondence between in vitro and clinical results for chlorhexidine-containing formulations were obtained at a saliva:medium ratio of 70:30 (v/v); moreover, expanding the microbial population from 5 bacterial species to 5 bacterial species + Candida albicans had no noticeable impact on overall results. The efficacies of 12 different mouthrinse proprietary products containing chlorhexidine, hexetidine, octenidine, Triclosan, plant extracts, or aminefluoride/stannous fluoride vis-?-vis biofilm clearance were compared. All mouthrinses promoted a statistically significant reduction in microbial load compared to distilled water. The herbal- and phenolic-based products were substantially less effective than most chlorhexidine-containing mouthrinses, or mouthrinses containing hexetidine or octenidine. No significant difference between the plaque-clearing plaque-clearing abilities of Listerine and Meridol was observed. This polyspecies biofilm model can be a valuable tool for preclinical testing of antiplaque formulations, particularly during the product development stage.
|
['Anti-Infective Agents, Local', 'Bacteria', 'Biofilms', 'Chlorhexidine', 'Colony Count, Microbial', 'Dental Plaque', 'Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Fluorides, Topical', 'Hexetidine', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Models, Biological', 'Mouthwashes', 'Phenols', 'Plant Extracts', 'Pyridines', 'Saliva', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Tin Fluorides', 'Triclosan']
| 12,037,365
|
[['D27.505.954.122.187'], ['B03'], ['A20.593', 'G06.120'], ['D02.078.370.141.100'], ['E01.370.225.875.220', 'E05.200.875.220'], ['C07.793.208.377'], ['E05.290.750', 'E05.337.550'], ['D01.303.350.300.512', 'D25.223.432', 'J01.637.051.223.432'], ['D03.383.742.279'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D25.583', 'D27.720.102.583', 'D27.720.269.583', 'J01.637.051.583'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D03.383.725'], ['A12.200.666'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['D01.303.350.300.950', 'D01.935.925', 'D25.223.800', 'J01.637.051.223.800'], ['D02.355.726.900', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.654.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Fabricating nanoscale DNA patterns with gold nanowires.
|
Surface patterns of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) consisting of nanoscale lines as thin as 40 nm were fabricated on polymer substrates for nanotechnology and bioaffinity sensing applications. Large scale arrays (with areas up to 4 cm(2)) of ssDNA "nanolines" were created on streptavidin-coated polymer (PDMS) surfaces by transferring biotinylated ssDNA from a master pattern of gold nanowires attached to a glass substrate. The gold nano-wires were first formed on the glass substrate by the process of lithographically patterned nanowire electrodeposition (LPNE), and then "inked" with biotinylated ssDNA by hybridization adsorption to a thiol-modified ssDNA monolayer attached to the gold nanowires. The transferred ssDNA nanolines were capable of hybridizing with ssDNA from solution to form double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) patterns; a combination of fluorescence and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements were used to characterize the dsDNA nanoline arrays. To demonstrate the utility of these surfaces for biosensing, optical diffraction measurements of the hybridization adsorption of DNA-coated gold nanoparticles onto the ssDNA nanoline arrays were used to detect a specific target sequence of unlabeled ssDNA in solution.
|
['DNA, Single-Stranded', 'Gold', 'Microscopy, Atomic Force', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Nanowires', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'Polymers']
| 20,337,428
|
[['D13.444.308.497', 'G02.111.570.820.486.437', 'G05.360.580.437'], ['D01.268.556.322', 'D01.268.956.186', 'D01.552.544.322'], ['E01.370.350.515.666.400', 'E05.595.666.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['J01.637.512.925'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Growth factor involvement in the multihormonal regulation of MCF-7 breast cancer cell growth in soft agar.
|
The hormone dependency of the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line, while extensively tested in liquid culture, has not been previously evaluated under conditions of anchorage-independent growth in serum-free media. Using the soft agar clonogenic assay, we demonstrate that physiologically relevant concentrations of estradiol (E2), progesterone (Pg), and prolactin (PRL) similarly stimulated MCF-7 cell colony formation in the absence of serum. Addition of an anti-insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) antibody inhibited E2- and Pg-stimulated growth, while PRL action was not affected. Similar results were obtained with an anti-IGF-I receptor antibody, except that its inhibitory effect on Pg-induced colony formation was modest and not statistically significant. Administration of either an anti-transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) antibody or an anti-epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor antibody similarly inhibited E2-stimulated MCF-7 cell growth in soft agar, while neither antibody influenced Pg or PRL effects. Addition of TGF-beta 1, -beta 2, -beta 3 similarly suppressed MCF-7 cell colony formation in a dose dependent manner to a degree comparable to that observed with 4-OH-tamoxifen (4-OH-T). Furthermore, the growth inhibitory effect of 4-OH-T was completely reversed by an anti-TGF-beta antibody. We conclude that IGFs and TGF-alpha are important mediators of E2-stimulated MCF-7 cell growth in soft agar. IGFs may also be playing a role in Pg action, while neither growth factor is involved in PRL-stimulated colony formation. Finally, TGF-beta appears to be an important mediator of antiestrogen-induced inhibition of tumor growth.
|
['Agar', 'Antibodies', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Culture Media', 'Drug Interactions', 'Epidermal Growth Factor', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Growth Substances', 'Hormones', 'Humans', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor I', 'Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent', 'Progesterone', 'Prolactin', 'Tamoxifen', 'Transforming Growth Factor alpha', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Tumor Stem Cell Assay']
| 1,813,068
|
[['D09.698.360.041'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['D06.472.317.350', 'D12.644.276.382.500', 'D12.776.467.382.500', 'D23.529.382.500'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['D27.505.696.377'], ['D06.472', 'D27.505.696.399.472'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.937.400', 'D12.776.124.862.400', 'D12.776.467.937.400', 'D23.529.937.400'], ['C04.626'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.773', 'D06.472.699.631.525.525', 'D12.644.548.691.525.525'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700.900'], ['D12.644.276.382.750', 'D12.644.276.963.360', 'D12.776.467.382.750', 'D12.776.467.960.360', 'D23.529.382.750', 'D23.529.960.360'], ['D12.644.276.374.687', 'D12.644.276.954.775', 'D12.776.467.374.687', 'D12.776.467.942.775', 'D23.529.374.687', 'D23.529.942.775'], ['A11.251.860'], ['E01.370.225.500.383.910', 'E01.370.225.500.388.930', 'E05.200.500.383.910', 'E05.200.500.388.930', 'E05.242.383.910', 'E05.242.417.500', 'E05.337.550.200.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Time-slot modulated electromagnetic fields of wireless communication systems: is there a health risk for man?
|
The safety guidelines of ICNIRP on bio-effects of low energy fields are based absorption and transformation into thermal effects. These guidelines are much higher than for acute reactions and long time exposure. It is pointed out that the guidelines for cordless telephone and mobile phone should correspond to long time exposure to low energetic electromagnetic fields.
|
['Communication', 'Electromagnetic Fields', 'Humans', 'Risk Assessment', 'Telephone']
| 15,244,273
|
[['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['G01.358.500.260', 'G01.358.750.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['L01.178.847.698']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Overexpression of human S100B exacerbates cerebral amyloidosis and gliosis in the Tg2576 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
|
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common progressive dementia and is pathologically characterized by brain deposition of amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptide as senile plaques. Inflammatory and immune response pathways are chronically activated in AD patient brains at low levels, and likely play a role in disease progression. Like microglia, activated astrocytes produce numerous acute-phase reactants and proinflammatory molecules in the AD brain. One such molecule, S100B, is highly expressed by reactive astrocytes in close vicinity of beta-amyloid deposits. We have previously shown that augmented and prolonged activation of astrocytes has a detrimental impact on neuronal survival. Furthermore, we have implicated astrocyte-derived S100B as a candidate molecule responsible for this deleterious effect. To evaluate a putative relationship between S100B and AD pathogenesis, we crossed transgenic mice overexpressing human S100B (TghuS100B mice) with the Tg2576 mouse model of AD, and examined AD-like pathology. Brain parenchymal and cerebral vascular beta-amyloid deposits and Abeta levels were increased in bigenic Tg2576-huS100B mice. These effects were associated with increased cleavage of the beta-C-terminal fragment of amyloid precursor protein (APP), elevation of the N-terminal APP cleavage product (soluble APPbeta), and activation of beta-site APP cleaving enzyme 1. In addition, double transgenic mice showed augmented reactive astrocytosis and microgliosis, high levels of S100 expression, and increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines as early as 7-9 months of age. These results provide evidence that (over)-expression of S100B acts to accelerate AD-like pathology, and suggest that inhibiting astrocytic activation by blocking S100B biosynthesis may be a promising therapeutic strategy to delay AD progression..
|
['Alzheimer Disease', 'Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor', 'Animals', 'Astrocytes', 'Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Cytokines', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Gliosis', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Microglia', 'Nerve Growth Factors', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Plaque, Amyloid', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit', 'S100 Proteins']
| 19,705,461
|
[['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['D12.776.049.407.249', 'D12.776.543.039', 'D12.776.645.468.500', 'D12.776.811.050'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.637.200', 'A11.650.200'], ['C10.228.140.300.510.200.200', 'C14.907.253.560.200.200', 'C18.452.845.500.100'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G05.308'], ['C23.550.369'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['A08.637.400', 'A11.650.400'], ['D12.644.276.860', 'D12.776.467.860', 'D12.776.631.600', 'D23.529.850'], ['D12.644.541'], ['C23.300.821'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D12.776.157.125.750.625', 'D12.776.631.655.750'], ['D12.776.157.125.750', 'D12.776.631.655']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Electrodermal Activity Sensor for Classification of Calm/Distress Condition.
|
This article introduces a new and unobtrusive wearable monitoring device based on electrodermal activity (EDA) to be used in health-related computing systems. This paper introduces the description of the wearable device capable of acquiring the EDA of a subject in order to detect his/her calm/distress condition from the acquired physiological signals. The lightweight wearable device is placed in the wrist of the subject to allow continuous physiological measurements. With the aim of validating the correct operation of the wearable EDA device, pictures from the International Affective Picture System are used in a control experiment involving fifty participants. The collected signals are processed, features are extracted and a statistical analysis is performed on the calm/distress condition classification. The results show that the wearable device solely based on EDA signal processing reports around 89% accuracy when distinguishing calm condition from distress condition.
|
['Biofeedback, Psychology', 'Biosensing Techniques', 'Emotions', 'Galvanic Skin Response', 'Humans', 'Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted']
| 29,023,403
|
[['E02.190.525.123', 'F02.830.131', 'F04.754.137.301', 'F04.754.308.500'], ['E05.601.043'], ['F01.470'], ['E05.796.332', 'F02.830.702.315', 'F04.669.332', 'G07.265.563', 'G13.750.415'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Lycopene in treatment of high-grade gliomas: a pilot study.
|
BACKGROUND: The therapeutic benefit of lycopene is well established for carcinoma prostate in various clinical trials and has been proposed for other malignancies including high-grade gliomas.SETTING AND DESIGN: Randomized placebo control study in the Department of Radiation Oncology of a teaching hospital.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty patients with high-grade gliomas were treated with surgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy and concomitant paclitaxel. Patients were randomized to receive either oral lycopene (Group A) 8 mg daily with radiotherapy or placebo (Group B). Pre-and post-radiotherapy plasma lycopene levels were measured using high-precision liquid chromatography. McDonald's criteria were used for response assessment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain and Single Photon Emission Computed Tomograph (SPECT) were done three-monthly for two visits and six-monthly thereafter. Primary endpoint was response at six months post radiotherapy. Statistical Analysis Used : The data was analyzed using SPSS Software v10.0 (SPSS corporation Chicago IL) by applying Student's t-test, ANOVA F test, Chi-square test and Karl Pearson Correlation Coefficient.RESULTS: Median age was 38 years. The commonest histology was glioblastoma multiforme (n = 32). Pre- and post-treatment plasma lycopene levels in the patients in Gropu A were 152 ng/ml and 316 ng/ml and in the patients in Group B were 93 ng/ml and 98 ng/ml (P = 0.009). There was non-significant differences in favor of lycopene between Group A and Group B with higher overall response at six months (P = 0.100), response at last follow-up (P = 0.171) and time to progression (40.83 vs. 26.74 weeks, P = 0.089)., The follow-up duration was significantly higher for Group A than Group B (66.29 vs. 38.71 weeks, P = 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Addition of nutrition supplements such as lycopene may have potential therapeutic benefit in the adjuvant management of high-grade gliomas.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Antioxidants', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Carotenoids', 'Child', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Glioma', 'Humans', 'Lycopene', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pilot Projects', 'Radiography', 'Radiotherapy', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 20,228,458
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249', 'D02.455.849.131', 'D23.767.261'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380', 'C04.557.470.670.380', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.216', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.213', 'D02.455.849.131.216', 'D23.767.261.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E02.815'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Morphological studies on the effect of L-leucine methyl ester on mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro.
|
Mouse peritoneal macrophages (MO) were treated in culture with 5 mM L-leucine methyl ester (L-Leu-OMe), for 5, 10, 20, 40, and 60 min. The treatment resulted in rapid vacuolisation of the cytoplasm due to the dilatation and disruption of lysosomes. Autophagy caused by lysosomal enzymes destroyed most of the cytoplasmic organelles by 40 minutes after L-Leu-OMe treatment, but the cell membrane and nucleus were in many MOs resistant to the damage. 60 min after L-Leu-OMe treatment most of the MOs were killed. It is supposed that the disruption of the lysosomes is caused by formaldehyde produced by the hydrolysis of L-Leu-OMe.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Membrane', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytoplasm', 'Formaldehyde', 'Leucine', 'Lysosomes', 'Macrophages', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Organelles', 'Peritoneal Cavity', 'Time Factors']
| 1,915,755
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.284.149'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.284.430.214'], ['D02.047.407'], ['D12.125.070.637', 'D12.125.142.441'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.550'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875'], ['A01.923.047.025.600.678'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hemolytic anemia in patients receiving daily dapsone for the treatment of leprosy.
|
INTRODUCTION: Multidrug therapy for leprosy is currently done with dapsone, clofazimine and rifampicin. Dapsone is known to cause hemolytic anemia (HA) and this adverse event during MDT seems to be more frequent than reported. The aim of this report is to discuss and grade HA due to dapsone during MDT treatment for leprosy.METHODS: This is a retrospective study of 194 leprosy patients from a Leprosy Control Programme Unit in Vit6ria-ES, Brazil.RESULTS: HA was observed in 48 (24.7%) patients and occurred within the first 3 months in 51% of these. Mean hematocrit levels fell from 38.5 to 31.5 and hemoglobin from 12.8 to 10.3.CONCLUSION: Dapsone used in the MDT regime for leprosy decreases the hematocrit and hemoglobin levels due to a low grade hemolysis, which can result in significant anemia.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Anemia, Hemolytic', 'Brazil', 'Clofazimine', 'Dapsone', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Hematocrit', 'Hematologic Tests', 'Hemoglobins', 'Hemolysis', 'Humans', 'Leprostatic Agents', 'Leprosy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Rifampin', 'Treatment Outcome', 'World Health Organization', 'Young Adult']
| 23,356,031
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C15.378.071.141'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['D03.633.300.704.353'], ['D02.886.590.263'], ['E02.319.310'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E01.370.225.625.400', 'E05.200.625.400', 'G09.188.370.374'], ['E01.370.225.625', 'E05.200.625'], ['D12.776.124.400', 'D12.776.422.316.762'], ['C23.550.403', 'G12.122.545'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.954.122.085.777'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.475.371'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['D03.633.400.811.700', 'D04.345.295.750.700'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['N03.540.514.718.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Purification and characterization of cytochrome P-450 with high affinity for 7-alkoxycoumarins.
|
A unique form of cytochrome P-450 (called P-450(2] with high affinity for 7-alkoxycoumarins was purified from liver microsomes of phenobarbital-treated rabbits with an overall yield of about 0.6%. The purified preparation had a specific cytochrome P-450 content of 15-16 nmol per mg of protein and was homogenous on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis. The apparent molecular weight estimated for P-450(2) was 50,500. In the oxidized state its absorption spectrum was characteristic of low-spin cytochrome P-450. The activity of purified P-450(2) to catalyze O-dealkylation of several 7-alkoxycoumarins in the reconstituted system was compared with those of P-450(1), the major phenobarbital-inducible form in rabbit liver microsomes, and rat P-448(2), purified from liver microsomes of beta-naphthoflavone-treated rats. With 7-ethoxycoumarin as substrate, the pH optimum for P-450(2) was 6.5, whereas those for P-450(1) and rat P-448(2) were 7.5-8.0. P-450(2) showed Km values of 0.38 to 1.4 microM for the five alkoxycoumarins tested, whereas the corresponding Km values determined for P-450(1) and rat P-448(2) were 40- to 700-fold higher. The Km values of P-450(2) and P-450(1) were relatively unaffected by the length of the alkyl chain in the alkoxycoumarins, whereas those of rat P-448(2), decreased markedly as the length of the alkyl chain increased. For all the three forms of cytochrome P-450, the highest Vmax values were observed with 7-ethoxycoumarin, and Vmax values tended to decrease with increase in the alkyl chain length in the substrate. Only P-450(2) catalyzed 7-hydroxylation of coumarin, though at a low rate. Progressive and irreversible inactivation of P-450(2), but not P-450(1) and rat P-448(2), was observed during the catalysis of 7-methoxycoumarin O-demethylation, and this inactivation was considerably prevented by inclusion of cytochrome b5 in the reconstituted system.
|
['7-Alkoxycoumarin O-Dealkylase', 'Animals', 'Coumarins', 'Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System', 'Microsomes, Liver', 'Molecular Weight', 'NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase', 'Oxygenases', 'Phenobarbital', 'Protein Binding', 'Rats', 'Substrate Specificity']
| 6,430,886
|
[['D08.811.682.690.708.170.010.024'], ['B01.050'], ['D03.383.663.283.446', 'D03.633.100.150.446'], ['D08.244.453', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170', 'D12.776.422.220.453'], ['A11.284.835.540.541'], ['G02.494'], ['D08.811.682.608.191.500'], ['D08.811.682.690'], ['D03.383.742.698.253.650'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G02.111.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Gains in fluid intelligence after training non-verbal reasoning in 4-year-old children: a controlled, randomized study.
|
Fluid intelligence (Gf) predicts performance on a wide range of cognitive activities, and children with impaired Gf often experience academic difficulties. Previous attempts to improve Gf have been hampered by poor control conditions and single outcome measures. It is thus still an open question whether Gf can be improved by training. This study included 4-year-old children (N = 101) who performed computerized training (15 min/day for 25 days) of either non-verbal reasoning, working memory, a combination of both, or a placebo version of the combined training. Compared to the placebo group, the non-verbal reasoning training group improved significantly on Gf when analysed as a latent variable of several reasoning tasks. Smaller gains on problem solving tests were seen in the combination training group. The group training working memory improved on measures of working memory, but not on problem solving tests. This study shows that it is possible to improve Gf with training, which could have implications for early interventions in children.
|
['Child, Preschool', 'Cognition', 'Education', 'Executive Function', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intelligence', 'Intelligence Tests', 'Learning', 'Male', 'Memory, Short-Term', 'Problem Solving']
| 21,477,197
|
[['M01.060.406.448'], ['F02.463.188'], ['I02'], ['F02.463.217'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.752.543'], ['F04.711.141.493'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['F02.463.425.540.407'], ['F02.463.425.725', 'F02.463.785.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Biocomposites of non-crosslinked natural and synthetic polymers.
|
Biocomposite films comprising a non-crosslinked, natural polymer (collagen) and a synthetic polymer, poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL), have been produced by impregnation of lyophilised collagen mats with a solution of PCL in dichloromethane followed by solvent evaporation. This approach avoids the toxicity problems associated with chemical crosslinking. Distinct changes in film morphology, from continuous surface coating to open porous format, were achieved by variation of processing parameters such as collagen:PCL ratio and the weight of the starting lyophilised collagen mat. Collagenase digestion indicated that the collagen content of 1:4 and 1:8 collagen:PCL biocomposites was almost totally accessible for enzymatic digestion indicating a high degree of collagen exposure for interaction with other ECM proteins or cells contacting the biomaterial surface. Much reduced collagen exposure (around 50%) was measured for the 1:20 collagen:PCL materials. These findings were consistent with the SEM examination of collagen:PCL biocomposites which revealed a highly porous morphology for the 1:4 and 1:8 blends but virtually complete coverage of the collagen component by PCL in the 1:20 samples. Investigations of the attachment and spreading characteristics of human osteoblast (HOB) cells on PCL films and collagen:PCL materials respectively, indicated that HOB cells poorly recognised PCL but attachment and spreading were much improved on the biocomposites. The non-chemically crosslinked, collagen:PCL biocomposites described are expected to provide a useful addition to the range of biomaterials and matrix systems for tissue engineering.
|
['Biocompatible Materials', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Collagen', 'Collagenases', 'Cross-Linking Reagents', 'Humans', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Osteoblasts', 'Polyesters', 'Polymers']
| 11,962,651
|
[['D25.130', 'D27.720.102.130', 'J01.637.051.130'], ['G04.022'], ['A11.251'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205'], ['D27.720.470.410.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['A11.329.629'], ['D05.750.728', 'D25.720.728', 'J01.637.051.720.728'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Online personalized feedback intervention for cannabis-using college students reduces cannabis-related problems among women.
|
There is growing evidence that college cannabis use is associated with use-related problems, yet efforts to reduce cannabis-related problems via online personalized feedback interventions (PFIs) have had limited success in significantly reducing risky cannabis use among college students. However, men and women may respond differently to such interventions and failure to examine effects of gender may obfuscate intervention effects. Thus, the current study tested intervention effects (moderated by gender) of an online, university-specific PFI for high-risk cannabis users (i.e., past-month cannabis users with at least one recent cannabis-related problem) who were randomly assigned to an online PFI (n = 102) or an online personalized normative feedback-only condition (PNF-only; n = 102). Gender moderated the relationship between condition and one-month follow-up problems, such that women in the PFI condition reported fewer cannabis-related problems at follow-up than women in the PNF-only condition. Men in the PFI condition did not significantly differ from men in the PNF-only condition on use-related problems at follow-up. Cannabis PFIs may be efficacious for reducing cannabis use-related problems among undergraduate women (but not men) and women may benefit from online interventions that include problem-focused components.
|
['Adult', 'Feedback, Psychological', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Internet', 'Male', 'Marijuana Use', 'Sex Factors', 'Students', 'Therapy, Computer-Assisted', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Universities', 'Young Adult']
| 31,302,314
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.058.288', 'F04.754.308'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['F01.145.610', 'F03.900.643'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['M01.848'], ['E02.950', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['I02.783.830', 'J03.832.830'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[The influence of N-acetyl-L-cysteine on pulmonary injury and oxygen stress after smoke inhalation injury].
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) on pulmonary injury and oxygen stress caused by smoke inhalation injury.METHODS: Rats inflicted with smoke inhalation injury were employed as the model. WBC in BALF (bronchoalveolar lavage fluid), MPO (myeloperoxidase) activity, hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) content, GSH (glutathione) content and total antioxidant (TAO) capacity in pulmonary tissue were determined.RESULTS: Postinjury WBC in BALF, MPO activity in pulmonary tissue and H(2)O(2) content decreased obviously after NAC treatment. But the pulmonary tissue contents of GSH and ATO increased evidently after the treatment with NAC.CONCLUSION: NAC treatment could ameliorate pulmonary oxygen stress after smoke inhalation injury. AS a result, the pulmonary antioxidant capacity was improved.
|
['Acetylcysteine', 'Animals', 'Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Free Radical Scavengers', 'Glutathione', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Leukocytes', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Peroxidase', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Smoke Inhalation Injury']
| 12,460,510
|
[['D02.886.030.230.259', 'D12.125.166.230.259'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.927.100.500'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D27.505.519.217.500'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['A11.118.637', 'A15.145.229.637', 'A15.382.490'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D08.811.682.732.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['C26.200.322.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparison of serum levels of inflammatory markers and allelic variant of interleukin-6 in patients with acute coronary syndrome and stable angina pectoris.
|
OBJECTIVES: Although the relationship between atherosclerosis and inflammatory cells has been recognized in recent years, the effect of interleukin-6 (IL-6) genetic variants associated with atherosclerosis is still controversial. Therefore, we investigated the association between IL-6 polymorphism and levels of IL-6 in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).METHODS: We conducted a case-control study on 294 unrelated participants who were referred to the cardiology department of the university hospital for coronary angiography because of suspected ischemic heart disease. Group I comprised patients with clinically acute coronary syndrome, and group II comprised patients (individuals matched for age and sex) with clinically stable angina pectoris; both groups were categorized, based on their angiographic findings, as either having angiographically documented less extensive CAD (1 vessel narrowed) or extensive CAD (> or =2 vessels narrowed). They were studied to examine effect of the IL-6 gene variants in CAD. Genotyping was determined by polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS: The IL-6 G/C-174 polymorphism was found in 19 of 106 (18%) in group I and in four of 188 (2%) in group II (P<0.001). Median IL-6 levels were significantly higher in group I (6.7+/-13.6 pg/ml) than in group II (4.1+/-3.8 pg/ml) (P<0.05). In addition, high sensitivity C-reactive protein levels were significantly higher in group I (8.2+/-6.2 mg/dl) than in group II (4.6+/-3.4 mg/dl) (P<0.001).CONCLUSION: These results demonstrated that the presence of the IL-6 G/C-174 polymorphism and increased IL-6 and high sensitivity C-reactive protein levels are strongly associated with the inflammatory system and the course of clinical and hemodynamically significant CAD.
|
['Acute Coronary Syndrome', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Angina Pectoris', 'Biomarkers', 'C-Reactive Protein', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Inflammation', 'Interleukin-6', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mutation', 'Polymorphism, Genetic']
| 18,281,810
|
[['C14.280.647.124', 'C14.907.585.124'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.280.647.187', 'C14.907.585.187', 'C23.888.592.612.233.500'], ['D23.101'], ['D12.776.034.145', 'D12.776.124.050.120', 'D12.776.124.486.157'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.470'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.365.795']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Immunochemical and electron microscopic analysis of the high-molecular structures in the tick-borne encephalitis virus].
|
High-molecular structures of tick-borne encephalitis virus were sedimented by centrifugation from virus-containing culture fluid and separated by sucrose concentration gradient centrifugation into 3 main fractions: rapidly sedimenting virions, the fraction sedimenting at a moderate rate, represented by "stellate" structures, and the fraction found on the top of the gradient and represented by structures similar in size and shape to virions, designated slowly sedimenting virions. The latter are first described in the paper. In immunodiffusion, the rapidly sedimenting virions form 1 of the 2 precipitation bands closer to the antigen-containing well, and in immunoelectrophoresis give 2 precipitation bands, anodic and cathodic, which fuse, indicating immunological identify of the 2 subpopulations of rapidly sedimenting virions. The slowly sedimenting virions in immunodiffusion form one of the 2 precipitation bands closer to the antigen well, and in immunoelectrophoresis form the cathodic precipitation band. The material sedimenting in the gradient at a moderate rate gives in immunodiffusion one precipitation band, the 3rd from the antigen well, and in immunoelectrophoresis forms a separate anodic precipitation band. This high-molecular non-virion antigen is found in small amounts also in fractions containing the rapidly sedimenting and slowly sedimenting virions. It is at least partially antigenically identical to previously studied low molecular non-virion ("soluble") antigen of tick-borne encephalitis virus.
|
['Centrifugation, Density Gradient', 'Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne', 'Immunochemistry', 'Immunodiffusion', 'Immunoelectrophoresis', 'Macromolecular Substances', 'Microscopy, Electron']
| 3,933,182
|
[['E05.181.724.336', 'E05.196.941.336'], ['B04.820.230.511', 'B04.820.578.344.350.350'], ['H01.158.201.486', 'H01.181.122.605', 'H02.403.044.500'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645.350', 'E05.200.812.735.645.350', 'E05.478.594.760.645.350', 'E05.478.605.492.350'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645.350.350', 'E05.196.401.568', 'E05.200.812.735.645.350.350', 'E05.301.300.568', 'E05.478.594.760.645.350.350', 'E05.478.605.492.350.350'], ['D05'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Cellular expression of (R127W)HSPB1 and its co-localization with neurofilament light chain].
|
OBJECTIVE: To observe the cellular expression of (R127W) HSPB1 and its influence on neurofilament light chain (NFL) self-assembly and co-localization with NFL.METHODS: Eukaryotic expression vectors pEGFPN1-(wt) HSPB1 and pEGFPN1- (R127W) HSPB1 were constructed. Hela cells were transiently transfected with pEGFPN1-(wt) HSPB1 or pEGFPN1- (R127W) HSPB1 and observed under a confocal microscope. Hela cells were also transiently co-transfected with Pcl-NFL and pEGFPN1-(wt)HSPB1, or pCL-NFL and pEGFPN1-(R127W)HSPB1. The self-assembly of NFL was observed and the co-localization study of HSPB1/ (R127W)HSPB1 with NFL was carried out in these two cell models by immunofluorescence technique.RESULTS: The aggregates formed by EGFP-(R127W)HSPB1 predominantly located around the nucleus, and EGFP-(wt)HSPB1 showed diffusion pattern in Hela cells. When co expressed with EGFP-(wt)HSPB1, NFL formed homogeneous structure in cytosol. When co-expressed with EGFP-(R127W)HSPB1, however, NFL had amorphous staining pattern predominantly consisting of NFL aggregates, and NFL co-localized with (R127W)HSPB1 in these aggregates.CONCLUSION: The R127W mutant of HSPB1 may have reduced capacity to serve as a chaperone to prevent aggregate formation, and fail to correctly organize the neurofilament network. Dysfunction of the axon cytoskeleton and axon transport may be the primary mechanism of R127W mutation of HSPB1 in the pathogenesis of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Genetic Vectors', 'HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins', 'HeLa Cells', 'Heat-Shock Proteins', 'Humans', 'Intracellular Space', 'Molecular Chaperones', 'Mutant Proteins', 'Neurofilament Proteins', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Transport', 'Transfection']
| 21,983,720
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['C10.500.300.200', 'C10.574.500.495.200', 'C10.668.829.800.300.200', 'C16.131.666.300.200', 'C16.320.400.375.200'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.360.337'], ['D12.776.580.216.270.625'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['D12.776.580.216'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A10.082.750', 'A11.284.430'], ['D12.776.580'], ['D12.776.602'], ['D05.750.078.593.630', 'D12.776.220.475.630', 'D12.776.631.630'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G03.143.700'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Synthesis of polysubstituted 5-azaindoles via palladium-catalyzed heteroannulation of diarylalkynes.
|
A general and efficient procedure for the synthesis of functionalized 5-azaindoles through the catalyzed heteroannulation of 4-acetamido-3-iodopyridines and diarylalkynes is described. The reaction allows the preparation of a variety of substituted 2,3-diaryl-5-azaindoles in good to excellent yields.
|
['Alkynes', 'Aza Compounds', 'Catalysis', 'Indoles', 'Palladium', 'Pyridines']
| 21,500,844
|
[['D02.455.326.397'], ['D02.145'], ['G02.130'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['D01.268.556.680', 'D01.268.956.718', 'D01.552.544.680'], ['D03.383.725']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Optical coherence tomography measurements of the fresh porcine eye and response of the outer coats of the eye to volume increase.
|
Corneal and scleral thickness and anterior chamber dimensions are required for understanding developmental and pathological processes. Parameters of the eyeball are also required to calculate optical and material properties. As the eyeball resembles a pressure vessel, it has been suggested that elasticity of the cornea and sclera could be calculated from the measurements of thickness. Baseline corneal and scleral thicknesses and anterior chamber dimensions and how these change with incremental increases of intraocular fluid are measured in fresh porcine eyes using the Visante OCT (optical coherence tomography). At baseline, corneal thickness is almost constant. Anterior scleral thickness is variable, decreasing from 0.91+/-0.07 mm near the limbus to a minimum of 0.58+/-0.13. Posterior scleral thickness is more constant with an average of 0.78+/-0.09 mm. Near the optic nerve the thickness increases to 1.00+/-0.09 mm. Average baseline anterior chamber angle, diameter, and depth were found to be 33.15+/-4.91 deg, 13.60+/-0.38 mm, and 2.13+/-0.22 mm, respectively. After fluid injections, maximum changes in corneal and scleral thicknesses were 9 to 10 and 1 to 3%, respectively. Anterior chamber angle and depth decreased slightly but significantly. Changes in the eyeball coats with fluid injections, indicate that the pressure vessel model can be applied to the eye to calculate corneal and scleral elasticities.
|
['Animals', 'Computer Simulation', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Models, Biological', 'Organ Size', 'Sclera', 'Swine', 'Tomography, Optical Coherence']
| 18,465,965
|
[['B01.050'], ['L01.224.160'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['E05.481'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['A09.371.784'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['E01.370.350.589.249.500', 'E01.370.350.825.805.500', 'E05.642.249.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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