Title
stringlengths 1
395
⌀ | abstractText
stringlengths 57
5.98k
| meshMajor
stringlengths 14
1.03k
| pmid
int64 22
33.2M
| meshid
stringlengths 2
3.14k
| meshroot
stringlengths 2
421
| A
int64 0
1
| B
int64 0
1
| C
int64 0
1
| D
int64 0
1
| E
int64 0
1
| F
int64 0
1
| G
int64 0
1
| H
int64 0
1
| I
int64 0
1
| J
int64 0
1
| L
int64 0
1
| M
int64 0
1
| N
int64 0
1
| Z
int64 0
1
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Effect of zafirlukast (Accolate) on cellular mediators of inflammation: bronchoalveolar lavage fluid findings after segmental antigen challenge.
|
The effect of zafirlukast (Z) to alter the inflammatory response to segmental antigen challenge (SAC) was assessed by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in this double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-period, crossover trial in 11 allergic asthmatic patients. Patients with asthma and positive skin tests to antigen received 7 d of treatment with Z (20 mg twice daily) or placebo (P) during two trial periods 14 to 21 d apart. At steady state (Day 5), patients underwent SAC followed by BAL immediately after challenge and 48 h later. Purified alveolar macrophages were analyzed ex vivo for phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-driven superoxide release. Results were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). Forty-eight hours after SAC, Z therapy was associated with significantly reduced BAL lymphocytes and alcian blue-positive cells (presumably basophils) compared with P (p < 0.01), with a trend toward reduced numbers of alveolar macrophages (p = 0.06). PMA-driven superoxide release by purified alveolar macrophages was significantly reduced 48 h after SAC in the Z versus P arms (p < 0.05). Reduction of basophil influx, mediator release, and cellular activation may be important in attenuating the late phase of asthma. Collectively, the data suggest that zafirlukast therapy alters cellular infiltration and activation associated with antigen challenge.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Antigens', 'Asthma', 'Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid', 'Cell Count', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Eosinophil-Derived Neurotoxin', 'Eosinophils', 'Female', 'Histamine Release', 'Humans', 'Inflammation Mediators', 'Leukotriene Antagonists', 'Leukotrienes', 'Macrophages, Alveolar', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neurotoxins', 'Ribonucleases', 'Superoxides', 'Tosyl Compounds', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 9,603,112
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D23.050'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['E05.927.100.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['D08.811.277.352.700.350.381', 'D12.776.124.486.379.275'], ['A11.118.637.415.345', 'A11.627.340.345', 'A15.145.229.637.415.345', 'A15.382.490.315.251'], ['G12.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D23.469'], ['D06.347.565', 'D27.505.696.399.450.565'], ['D10.251.355.255.100.450', 'D10.251.355.310.166.887', 'D23.469.050.175.450'], ['A11.329.372.600', 'A11.627.482.600', 'A11.733.397.600', 'A15.382.670.522.600', 'A15.382.680.397.600'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D27.888.569.504'], ['D08.811.277.352.700'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.850', 'D01.339.431.374.850', 'D01.650.550.750.800', 'D02.389.338.732'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.832.661', 'D02.886.590.887'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Nutritional fetal rickets. A case report].
|
We report the case of a newborn who showed typical signs of rickets at birth craniotabes and severe hypocalcemia. The diagnosis of fetal rickets was confirmed by radiography. Maternal deficiency was revealed by an excessively low vitamin D level. The multiparous Moroccan mother had suffered low back pain and paraesthesia for several years. She wore the veil and rarely left her home. Nutritional and vitamin D deficiency was demonstrated. We report this exceptional case to recall the importance of vitamin D in the development of fetal calcium supply, the prevention of gravid osteomalacia and the prevention of neonatal hypocalcemia. Vitamin D supplementation (ideally 1000 IU per day during the third trimester or at least one 100,000 IU dose at the sixth and eighth months or a single dose of 2 to 3,000,000 IU at the sixth month) should be the rule in pregnancy.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant Nutrition Disorders', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications', 'Radiography', 'Rickets', 'Vitamin D Deficiency']
| 9,509,328
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.654.422'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['C05.116.198.816', 'C18.452.104.816', 'C18.452.174.845', 'C18.654.521.500.133.770.734'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.770']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A Mixed-Signal VLSI System for Producing Temporally Adapting Intraspinal Microstimulation Patterns for Locomotion.
|
Neural pathways can be artificially activated through the use of electrical stimulation. For individuals with a spinal cord injury, intraspinal microstimulation, using electrical currents on the order of 125 ì A, can produce muscle contractions and joint torques in the lower extremities suitable for restoring walking. The work presented here demonstrates an integrated circuit implementing a state-based control strategy where sensory feedback and intrinsic feed forward control shape the stimulation waveforms produced on-chip. Fabricated in a 0.5 ì m process, the device was successfully used in vivo to produce walking movements in a model of spinal cord injury. This work represents progress towards an implantable solution to be used for restoring walking in individuals with spinal cord injuries.
|
['Animals', 'Cats', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Electrodes, Implanted', 'Equipment Design', 'Locomotion', 'Models, Biological', 'Spinal Cord Injuries', 'Transistors, Electronic']
| 26,978,832
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['E05.723.402'], ['E07.305.250.319', 'E07.695.202'], ['E05.320'], ['G07.568.500', 'G11.427.410.568'], ['E05.599.395'], ['C10.228.854.763', 'C10.900.850', 'C26.819'], ['E07.305.625.714']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Familial and sporadic breast cancer cases in Iceland: a comparison related to ABO blood groups and risk of bilateral breast cancer.
|
This study was aimed at determining whether the familial clustering often observed in breast cancer is associated with genetic factors. We compared familial and sporadic breast cancer cases with respect to ABO blood group distribution and the risk of bilateral disease, using the data from the Icelandic Cancer Registry which contains genealogical information for about 30% of the breast cancer cases diagnosed in Iceland since 1911. Cases were classified as familial if at least one first-degree relative had breast cancer. Using this criterion, we identified 184 familial cases and 572 sporadic cases. The familial cases had a 2-fold higher prevalence of blood group B than did the sporadic cases, and the frequency of this blood group in non-affected relatives of cases was significantly reduced. Familial cases were about 2.7 times more likely to suffer from bilateral breast cancer than were the sporadic patients. These results support the presence of a genetic factor in the etiology of familial breast cancer.
|
['ABO Blood-Group System', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Iceland', 'Middle Aged', 'Risk Factors']
| 3,170,024
|
[['D23.050.301.290.031', 'D23.050.705.230.031'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.816.249', 'Z01.639.490'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Inhibition of diazepam metabolism in microsomal- and perfused liver preparations of the rat by desmethyldiazepam, N-methyloxazepam and oxazepam.
|
Hydroxylated metabolites of diazepam can be conjugated and are therefore generally thought not to affect the metabolism of diazepam. Liver microsomes, obtained from phenobarbital-pretreated rats, showed an inhibition of diazepam (10(-5) M) metabolism by desmethyldiazepam as well as by N-methyloxazepam or oxazepam (5 X 10(-5) M). In a single-pass perfusion of the rat liver an inhibition of diazepam disposition by exogenously administered desmethyldiazepam and by hydroxylated diazepam metabolites was also demonstrated. No oxazepam glucuronides were found after oxazepam infusion. However, infusion with N-methyloxazepam resulted in large amounts of oxazepam-glucuronides. The results indicate that administration of N-demethylated as well as hydroxylated metabolites may result in inhibition of the metabolism of their precursor. If hydroxylated metabolites are formed in situ they become more easily conjugated in comparison with administered hydroxylated metabolites and are therefore less effective as inhibitor.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Anxiety Agents', 'Bile', 'Diazepam', 'Hydroxylation', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Microsomes, Liver', 'Nordazepam', 'Oxazepam', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Temazepam']
| 2,863,150
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.015', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.015', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.015'], ['A12.200.087'], ['D03.633.100.079.080.070.216'], ['G02.111.385', 'G02.607.348', 'G03.425'], ['E05.481'], ['A03.620'], ['A11.284.835.540.541'], ['D03.633.100.079.080.070.216.500'], ['D03.633.100.079.080.070.663'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D03.633.100.079.080.070.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Controlled cell killing by a recombinant nonsegmented negative-strand RNA virus.
|
In most tissue culture cell lines tested, infection with the paramyxovirus simian virus 5 (SV5) results in very little cell death. To determine if SV5 could be used as a vector for controlled killing of tumor cells, a recombinant SV5 (rSV5-TK) was constructed to encode the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (TK) gene. MDBK cells infected with rSV5-TK showed a time-dependent loss of viability when infected cells were cultured in the presence of the prodrug acyclovir (ACV) or ganciclovir (GCV) while no significant toxicity was observed in the absence of prodrug. Cells infected with a control rSV5 expressing GFP and cultured with prodrug showed only a slight reduction in growth rate and little cell death. Time-lapse video microscopy of rSV5-TK-infected MDBK cells that were cultured in the presence of ACV showed an accumulation of cells with morphological effects characteristic of apoptotic cell death. An MDBK cell line persistently infected with rSV5-TK retained long-term expression of TK and sensitivity to prodrug-mediated cell killing that were comparable to those found in an acute infection. Titration experiments showed that the rSV5-TK plus GCV combination resulted in cell death for all mouse and human cell lines tested, although the kinetics and efficiency of cell death varied between cell types. Our results demonstrating controlled cell killing by a recombinant paramyxovirus support the use of negative-strand RNA viruses as therapeutic vectors for targeted killing of cancer cells.
|
['Acyclovir', 'Animals', 'Cell Death', 'Cell Line', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Ganciclovir', 'Genetic Therapy', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Neoplasms', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Respirovirus', 'Simplexvirus', 'Thymidine Kinase', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53']
| 11,853,412
|
[['D03.633.100.759.758.399.454.250'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.146'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D03.633.100.759.758.399.454.250.300'], ['E02.095.301', 'E05.393.420.301'], ['G05.360.337'], ['C04'], ['D12.776.828'], ['B04.820.480.937.600.650.700'], ['B04.280.382.100.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.750'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Transcatheter vessel occlusion: angiographic results versus clinical success.
|
A review was made of 219 transcatheter vessel occlusion procedures performed over a ten-year period for control of hemorrhage, tumor palliation, or blood supply redistribution prior to intra-arterial chemotherapy. Complete angiographic success was obtained in 85% of the procedures, with partial success in 8%; complete clinical success was achieved in 53% of patients, with partial success in 23%. The most satisfactory clinical results were obtained with hemorrhagic gastritis and pelvic trauma. Embolizations for duodenal ulcer hemorrhage and transhepatic variceal occlusion were the least clinically successful, although isobutyl-cyanoacrylate appeared to be a significant improvement in angiographic therapy for duodenal ulcer. The overall complication rate was 13%, with one third of the complications clinically silent. These results indicate that transcatheter vessel occlusion is a relatively safe and effective method for control of hemorrhage or tumor infarction.
|
['Abdomen', 'Angiography', 'Catheterization', 'Embolization, Therapeutic', 'Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Neoplasms']
| 6,828,710
|
[['A01.923.047'], ['E01.370.350.700.060', 'E01.370.370.050'], ['E02.148', 'E05.157'], ['E02.520.360', 'E02.926.500'], ['C23.550.414'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Subclinical inflammation and chronic renal allograft injury in a randomized trial on steroid avoidance in pediatric kidney transplantation.
|
Steroid avoidance is safe and effective in children receiving kidney transplants in terms of graft function and survival, but the effects on allograft histology are unknown. In this multicenter trial, 130 pediatric renal transplant recipients were randomized to steroid-free (SF; n = 60) or steroid-based (SB; n = 70) immunosuppression, and underwent renal allograft biopsies at the time of graft dysfunction and per protocol at implantation and 6, 12 and 24 months after transplantation. Clinical follow-up was 3 years posttransplant. Subclinical acute rejection was present in 10.6% SF versus 11.3% SB biopsies at 6 months (p = 0.91), 0% SF versus 4.3% SB biopsies at 1 year (p = 0.21) and 0% versus 4.8% at 2 years (p = 0.20). Clinical acute rejection was present in 13.3% SF and 11.4% SB patients by 1 year (p = 0.74) and in 16.7% SF and 17.1% SB patients by 3 years (p = 0.94) after transplantation. The cumulative incidence of antibody-mediated rejection was 6.7% in SF and 2.9% in SB by 3 years after transplantation (p = 0.30). There was a significant increase in chronic histological damage over time (p < 0.001), without difference between SF and SB patients. Smaller recipient size and higher donor age were the main risk factors for chronic histological injury in posttransplant biopsies.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Female', 'Graft Rejection', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Male', 'Steroids']
| 22,694,733
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['G12.875.545.328'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['D04.210.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
One-carbon metabolism pathway gene variants and risk of clear cell renal cell carcinoma in a Chinese population.
|
BACKGROUND: One-carbon metabolism is the basement of nucleotide synthesis and the methylation of DNA linked to cancer risk. Variations in one-carbon metabolism genes are reported to affect the risk of many cancers, including renal cancer, but little knowledge about this mechanism is known in Chinese population.METHODS: Each subject donated 5 mL venous blood after signing the agreement. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. 18 SNPs in six one-carbon metabolism-related genes (CBS, MTHFR, MTR, MTRR, SHMT1, and TYMS) were genotyped in 859 clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients and 1005 cancer-free controls by the Snapshot.RESULTS: Strong associations with ccRCC risk were observed for rs706209 (P = 0.006) in CBS and rs9332 (P = 0.027) in MTRR. Compared with those carrying none variant allele, individuals carrying one or more variant alleles in these two genes had a statistically significantly decreased risk of ccRCC [P = 0.001, adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 0.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.06-0.90]. In addition, patients carrying one or more variant alleles were more likely to develop localized stage disease (P = 0.002, adjusted OR = 1.37, 95%CI = 1.11-1.69) and well-differentiated ccRCC (P<0.001, adjusted OR = 1.42, 95%CI = 0.87-1.68). In the subgroup analysis, individuals carrying none variant allele in older group (P = 0.007, adjusted OR = 0.67, 95%CI = 0.49-0.91), male group (P = 0.007, adjusted OR = 0.71, 95%CI = 0.55-0.92), never smoking group (P = 0.002, adjusted OR = 0.68, 95%CI = 0.53-0.88) and never drinking group (P<0.001, adjusted OR = 0.68, 95%CI = 0.53-0.88) had an increased ccRCC risk.CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the polymorphisms of the one-carbon metabolism-related genes are associated with ccRCC risk in Chinese population. Future population-based prospective studies are required to confirm the results.
|
['Aged', 'Alleles', 'Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'Carcinoma, Renal Cell', 'Case-Control Studies', 'China', 'Female', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Grading', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Odds Ratio', 'Polymorphism, Genetic']
| 24,278,388
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['M01.686.508.200'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.390', 'C04.588.945.947.535.160', 'C12.758.820.750.160', 'C12.777.419.473.160', 'C13.351.937.820.535.160', 'C13.351.968.419.473.160'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.945.947.535', 'C12.758.820.750', 'C12.777.419.473', 'C13.351.937.820.535', 'C13.351.968.419.473'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.612'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['G05.365.795']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Modulation of trophoblast stem cell and giant cell phenotypes: analyses using the Rcho-1 cell model.
|
Trophoblast giant cells are located at the maternal-embryonic interface and have fundamental roles in the invasive and endocrine phenotypes of the rodent placenta. In this report, we describe the experimental modulation of trophoblast stem cell and trophoblast giant cell phenotypes using the Rcho-1 trophoblast cell model. Rcho-1 trophoblast cells can be manipulated to proliferate or differentiate into trophoblast giant cells. Differentiated Rcho-1 trophoblast cells are invasive and possess an endocrine phenotype, including the production of members of the prolactin (PRL) family. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a known differentiation-inducing agent, was found to possess profound effects on the in vitro development of trophoblast cells. Exposure to DMSO, at non-toxic concentrations, inhibited trophoblast giant cell differentiation in a dose-dependent manner. These concentrations of DMSO did not significantly affect trophoblast cell proliferation or survival. Trophoblast cells exposed to DMSO exhibited an altered morphology; they were clustered in tightly packed colonies. Trophoblast giant cell formation was disrupted, as was the expression of members of the PRL gene family. The effects of DMSO were reversible. Removal of DMSO resulted in the formation of trophoblast giant cells and expression of the PRL gene family. The phenotype of the DMSO-treated cells was further determined by examining the expression of a battery of genes characteristic of trophoblast stem cells and differentiated trophoblast cell lineages. DMSO treatment had a striking stimulatory effect on eomesodermin expression and a reciprocal inhibitory effect on Hand1 expression. In summary, DMSO reversibly inhibits trophoblast differentiation and induces a quiescent state, which mimics some but not all aspects of the trophoblast stem cell phenotype.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Lineage', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Dimethyl Sulfoxide', 'Female', 'Giant Cells', 'Phenotype', 'Pregnancy', 'Prolactin', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Stem Cells', 'T-Box Domain Proteins', 'Trophoblasts']
| 16,351,689
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.172', 'G07.345.500.325.180.500', 'G08.686.155', 'G08.686.784.170.104.249'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['D02.886.640.150'], ['A11.500'], ['G05.695'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.773', 'D06.472.699.631.525.525', 'D12.644.548.691.525.525'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['A11.872'], ['D12.776.260.725', 'D12.776.930.850'], ['A11.382.992', 'A16.254.500.766', 'A16.710.802']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Short-term effects of smoking cessation on blood antioxidant parameters and paraoxonase activity in healthy asymptomatic long-term cigarette smokers.
|
The aim of this study was to compare short-term effects of smoking cessation on blood oxidant/antioxidant status, cholesterol levels, and paraoxonase activity. Sixteen healthy, asymptomatic long-term cigarette smokers (mean age: 35 +/- 9 yr) participated in the study in the smoking cessation program. After and before smoking cessation, subjects were examined for oxidant/antioxidant status, cholesterol level, paraoxonase activity, breath carbon monoxide levels, and blood carboxyhemoglobin values. When compared to previous values, subjects were revealed statistically significant decreases in malondialdehyde and carbon monoxide levels 4 wk after smoking cessation. The ratio of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol was found to be increased. Significantly increased to paraoxonase activity was also observed in the blood samples obtained after cigarette cessation period. It was concluded that all these changes observed after smoking cessation might be of importance in the reduction of cardiovascular risk parameters in the smokers.
|
['Adult', 'Antioxidants', 'Aryldialkylphosphatase', 'Carboxyhemoglobin', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Cholesterol, HDL', 'Cholesterol, LDL', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Malondialdehyde', 'Risk Factors', 'Smoking', 'Smoking Cessation', 'Time Factors']
| 16,717,029
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D08.811.277.352.660.500'], ['D12.776.124.400.141', 'D12.776.422.316.762.149'], ['C14'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.238', 'D10.532.432.400', 'D10.570.938.208.270', 'D12.776.521.479.470'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.244', 'D10.532.515.500', 'D10.570.938.208.275', 'D12.776.521.550.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.047.700'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.805'], ['F01.145.488.732'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
In vitro "progression" of bovine papillomavirus-transformed cells: loss of contact sensitivity after multiple rounds of selection.
|
The transformed phenotype of C127 cells harboring bovine papillomavirus shuttle vector pdBPVMMT neo(342-12) was suppressed by direct contact with untransformed C127 cells. By repeated selections of rare foci developing on untransformed cell monolayers, we obtained a cellular clone of BPV transformants which formed foci on the untransformed C127 cells as efficiently as on plastic surface. The BPV genome in the mutant cells showed extensive genetic rearrangements, duplication of upstream regulatory region and deletion of pBR322-derived sequence and its flanking. There was an increase in BPV-transformant in contact with the untransformed C127 cells resulted in a marked reduction of the BPV transcripts, while in the case of the mutant transformant the reduction was much slighter. This indicates that the transcription level of the BPV genome was controlled by a cell-cell contact signal.
|
['Animals', 'Blotting, Southern', 'Bovine papillomavirus 1', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Transformation, Neoplastic', 'Clone Cells', 'Culture Techniques', 'DNA, Viral', 'Genes, Viral', 'Mice', 'Mice, Nude', 'Neoplasm Transplantation', 'Restriction Mapping', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Tumor Virus Infections']
| 1,650,331
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.114', 'E05.301.300.087', 'E05.601.150'], ['B04.280.210.655.200.100', 'B04.613.204.655.200.100'], ['A11.251.210'], ['C04.697.098.500', 'C23.550.727.098.500'], ['A11.251.353'], ['E05.481.500'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.875', 'G05.360.340.358.024.875', 'G05.360.340.358.840.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['E05.624'], ['E05.393.183.620.650', 'E05.393.712'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['C01.925.928']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The clinical application of converting enzyme inhibitors.
|
Chronic blockade of the renin angiotensin system became possible when orally active inhibitors of angiotensin converting enzyme, the enzyme which catalyzes the transformation of angiotensin I into angiotensin II, were synthetized. Two compounds, captopril and enalapril, have been investigated in clinical studies. The decrease of the pressor response to exogenous angiotensin I and of the circulating levels of angiotensin II following administration of these inhibitors has been demonstrated to be directly related to the degree of suppression of plasma angiotensin converting enzyme activity. These inhibitors have been shown to normalize blood pressure alone in some hypertensive patients whereas in many others, satisfactory blood pressure control can be achieved only after the addition of a diuretic. Captopril and enalapril also markedly improve cardiac function of patients with chronic congestive heart failure. Chronic blockade of the renin angiotensin system has therefore provided an interesting new approach to the treatment of clinical hypertension and heart failure.
|
['Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Drug Tolerance', 'Heart Failure', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Renin', 'Renin-Angiotensin System']
| 6,315,273
|
[['D27.505.519.389.745.085'], ['G07.690.773.992'], ['C14.280.434'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['D08.811.277.656.074.500.780', 'D08.811.277.656.300.048.780', 'D08.811.277.656.837.750'], ['G03.820', 'G09.330.380.813']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Training and capacity building evaluation: Maximizing resources and results with Success Case Method.
|
This article describes the use of Success Case Method (Brinkerhoff, 2003) to evaluate health promotion and public health training programs. The goal of the Office Community Research and Engagement (OCRE) of the Puerto Rico Clinical and Translational Research Consortium (PRCTRC) is to establish a stable and sustainable translational research capacity. Early efforts toward achieving this goal included sponsoring two independent research training programs. A description of the implementation of the five step Success Case Method is presented. Results reveal that SCM would deem both trainings as highly successful, based upon the overall impact of a low number of success cases. However, a traditional summative evaluation would consider this disappointing. Strengths of SCM are discussed. It was concluded that the Success Case Method is a useful and valuable evaluative method for measuring the success of health promotion and public health training initiatives and provides sufficient information for decision-making processes.
|
['Capacity Building', 'Education, Public Health Professional', 'Female', 'Health Promotion', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Models, Organizational', 'Organizational Case Studies', 'Program Evaluation', 'Puerto Rico', 'Translational Medical Research']
| 26,036,611
|
[['N02.138', 'N04.452.105'], ['I02.358.556'], ['I02.233.332.445', 'N02.421.726.407.579'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.670', 'N04.452.534'], ['N03.349.380.710', 'N05.715.360.455'], ['E05.337.820', 'N04.761.685', 'N05.715.360.650'], ['Z01.107.084.900.750', 'Z01.639.880.750'], ['H01.770.644.145.675']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Radiation therapy for esophageal cancer in Japan: results of the Patterns of Care Study 1999-2001.
|
PURPOSE: To describe patient characteristics and the process of radiotherapy (RT) for patients with esophageal cancer treated between 1999 and 2001 in Japan.METHODS AND MATERIALS: The Japanese Patterns of Care Study (PCS) Working Group conducted a third nationwide survey of 76 institutions. Detailed information was accumulated on 621 patients with thoracic esophageal cancer who received RT.RESULTS: The median age of patients was 68 years. Eighty-eight percent were male, and 12% were female. Ninety-nine percent had squamous cell carcinoma histology. Fifty-five percent had the main lesion in the middle thoracic esophagus. Fourteen percent had clinical Stage 0-I disease, 32% had Stage IIA-IIB, 43% had Stage III, and 10% had Stage IV disease. Chemotherapy was given to 63% of patients; 39% received definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) without surgery and 24% pre- or postoperative CRT. Sixty-two percent of the patients aged > or =75 years were treated with RT only. Median total dose of external RT was 60 Gy for definitive CRT patients, 60 Gy for RT alone, and 40 Gy for preoperative CRT.CONCLUSIONS: This PCS describes general aspects of RT for esophageal cancer in Japan. Squamous cell carcinoma accounted for the majority of patients. The standard total external RT dose for esophageal cancer was higher in Japan than in the United States. Chemoradiotherapy had become common for esophageal cancer treatment, but patients aged > or =75 years were more likely to be treated by RT only.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Aged', 'Carcinoma, Adenosquamous', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Esophageal Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Health Care Surveys', 'Humans', 'Japan', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Radiotherapy']
| 19,735,863
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.435.250', 'C04.557.470.200.150'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['E02.186'], ['C04.588.274.476.205', 'C04.588.443.353', 'C06.301.371.205', 'C06.405.117.430', 'C06.405.249.205'], ['E05.318.308.980.344', 'N03.349.380.210', 'N05.425.210', 'N05.715.360.300.800.344', 'N06.850.520.308.980.344'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E02.815']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Diagnostic effectiveness of CT and MR in local staging of renal tumors].
|
The aim of this paper is to study the pre-operative staging of renal tumours, comparing CT and MR, and the imaging criteria used, examining the diagnostic efficacy for each of them. Thirty-four tumours were obtained from 29 patients. All cases were studied with CT and MR. To measure diagnostic efficacy, both for each technique and the criteria used in 2 different readings, a diagnostic performance curve (DPC) is calculated. Neither CT nor MR show infiltration of renal capsule. With regard to perinephritic fat, fascia and adjacent organ invasion, both techniques lead to overstaging, mainly CT. When applying more conservative reading criteria, the results are much improved, specially in relation to CT, although results with MR continue to be more favourable. MR is better to study vascular invasion, providing no false results. Of 22 tumours undergoing surgery, first option was the correct staging in 14 tumour with CT and in 16 with MR. When selecting the best imaging technique to stage renal tumours, MR allows a better and simpler radiologic reading. Nevertheless, considering the high correlation between CT and MR, CT can be used more reliably in institutions where no easy access to a MR unit is available. Both CT and MR overstage renal tumours.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Preoperative Care', 'ROC Curve', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 8,368,117
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.945.947.535', 'C12.758.820.750', 'C12.777.419.473', 'C13.351.937.820.535', 'C13.351.968.419.473'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E02.760.795', 'E04.604.750', 'N02.421.585.795'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Analysis of two-category data from small independent samples.
|
An exact probability test for the comparison of cure-rate (or any other 2-category response variable) among three treatments is presented in detail; Extension of the method to larger contingency tables is also shown. It is suggested that the exact method should be used if the sample size for a particular investigation is small and/or when the chisquare test gives a probability level near borderline statistical significance.
|
['Abortion, Induced', 'Antinematodal Agents', 'Attitude to Health', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Necatoriasis', 'Pregnancy', 'Probability', 'Religion']
| 1,067,813
|
[['E04.520.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.250.075.080'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.610.335.508.700.775.455.683'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['K01.844']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis complicating early pregnancy.
|
BACKGROUND: The goal of this case is to review the zoonotic infection, human granulocytic ehrlichiosis, presenting with pyrexia. Case. A 22-year-old multigravid female presented to the emergency department with a painful skin rash, high fever, and severe myalgias. The patient underwent a diagnostic evaluation for zoonotic infections due to her geographical and seasonal risk factors. Treatment of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis was successful though the patient spontaneously aborted presumably due to the severity of the acute illness.CONCLUSION: Treatment of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis in pregnancy presents unique challenges. Management of pyrexia during pregnancy is limited to external cooling in the setting of thrombocytopenia and elevated aminotransferases. Extensive counseling regarding teratogenic potential of medications allows the patient to weigh the pros and cons of treatment.
|
['Abortion, Spontaneous', 'Adult', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation', 'Doxycycline', 'Ehrlichiosis', 'Exanthema', 'Female', 'Fever', 'Granulocytes', 'Humans', 'Missouri', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications, Infectious', 'Pregnancy Trimester, First', 'Rural Population']
| 18,509,484
|
[['C13.703.039', 'G08.686.784.769.496.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['C15.378.100.220', 'C15.378.463.250', 'C15.378.925.220'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.900.200', 'D04.615.562.900.200'], ['C01.150.252.400.054.750', 'C01.150.252.400.285', 'C01.920.930.300'], ['C17.800.257'], ['C23.888.119.344'], ['A11.118.637.415', 'A11.148.350', 'A11.627.340', 'A15.145.229.637.415', 'A15.378.316.340', 'A15.382.490.315'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.875.510.515'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C01.674', 'C13.703.700'], ['G08.686.707.408'], ['N01.600.725']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
An animal model of schizophrenia based on chronic LSD administration: old idea, new results.
|
Many people who take LSD experience a second temporal phase of LSD intoxication that is qualitatively different, and was described by Daniel Freedman as "clearly a paranoid state." We have previously shown that the discriminative stimulus effects of LSD in rats also occur in two temporal phases, with initial effects mediated by activation of 5-HT(2A) receptors (LSD30), and the later temporal phase mediated by dopamine D2-like receptors (LSD90). Surprisingly, we have now found that non-competitive NMDA antagonists produced full substitution in LSD90 rats, but only in older animals, whereas in LSD30, or in younger animals, these drugs did not mimic LSD. Chronic administration of low doses of LSD (>3 months, 0.16 mg/kg every other day) induces a behavioral state characterized by hyperactivity and hyperirritability, increased locomotor activity, anhedonia, and impairment in social interaction that persists at the same magnitude for at least three months after cessation of LSD treatment. These behaviors, which closely resemble those associated with psychosis in humans, are not induced by withdrawal from LSD; rather, they are the result of neuroadaptive changes occurring in the brain during the chronic administration of LSD. These persistent behaviors are transiently reversed by haloperidol and olanzapine, but are insensitive to MDL-100907. Gene expression analysis data show that chronic LSD treatment produced significant changes in multiple neurotransmitter system-related genes, including those for serotonin and dopamine. Thus, we propose that chronic treatment of rats with low doses of LSD can serve as a new animal model of psychosis that may mimic the development and progression of schizophrenia, as well as model the established disease better than current acute drug administration models utilizing amphetamine or NMDA antagonists such as PCP.
|
['Akathisia, Drug-Induced', 'Animals', 'Antipsychotic Agents', 'Behavior, Animal', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Dopamine Agonists', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Lysergic Acid Diethylamide', 'Male', 'Motor Activity', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Psychotic Disorders', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Random Allocation', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A', 'Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C', 'Receptors, Dopamine D2', 'Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate', 'Receptors, Steroid', 'Receptors, Thyroid Hormone', 'Schizophrenia', 'Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Agonists']
| 21,352,832
|
[['C10.228.662.037', 'C10.720.075', 'C23.888.592.350.600.500', 'C25.100.249', 'C25.723.705.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.331'], ['F01.145.113'], ['D12.776.260'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D27.505.519.625.150.151', 'D27.505.696.577.150.151'], ['G05.308'], ['D03.132.327.287.572.522', 'D03.633.400.439.572.522'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['D12.776.631'], ['F03.700.675'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.800.200.100', 'D12.776.543.750.695.800.200.100', 'D12.776.543.750.720.850.200.100'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.800.200.200', 'D12.776.543.750.695.800.200.200', 'D12.776.543.750.720.850.200.200'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.400.500', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.400.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.400.500'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.500.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.400.500'], ['D12.776.826.750', 'D12.776.930.778'], ['D12.776.624.664.700.830', 'D12.776.826.850'], ['F03.700.750'], ['D27.505.519.625.850.800.200', 'D27.505.696.577.850.800.200']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Bilateral acute angle-closure glaucoma due to an infection with Hantavirus].
|
A poor general condition of patients with hemorrhagic fever and elevated creatinine should raise suspicion of a systemic infection with Hantavirus. This can often also cause ocular changes. Above all, changes of intraocular pressure, in our case bilateral acute angle-closure glaucoma, due to edema and hemorrhage in the ciliary body result in anterolateral rotation of the iris-lens diaphragm with closure of the chamber angle. It can also cause a transient myopia, and intraretinal hemorrhages can also occur. Hantavirus infection is mostly transmitted through red-backed voles in Europe. The predominant type in Europe is the Puumala virus that can lead to an epidemic nephropathy with high fever, headache, gastrointestinal complaints, and an impaired renal function to the point of renal failure. No specific treatment is needed, but adequate symptomatic therapy is of utmost importance. When the infection has been overcome, complete recovery is possible. Measures for prophylaxis should be taken with respect to contact with mice and their excreta.
|
['Antibodies, Viral', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Glaucoma, Angle-Closure', 'Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome', 'Humans', 'Iris', 'Lasers, Solid-State', 'Liver Failure', 'Middle Aged', 'Ophthalmoscopy', 'Puumala virus', 'Remission, Spontaneous', 'Renal Insufficiency', 'Retinal Hemorrhage', 'Ultrasonography', 'Visual Acuity']
| 21,327,947
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254'], ['E01.171'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C11.525.381.056'], ['C01.925.782.147.420.400', 'C01.925.782.417.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A09.371.060.450', 'A09.371.894.513'], ['E07.632.490.490', 'E07.710.520.490'], ['C06.552.308.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.380.560'], ['B04.820.480.750.440.600'], ['C23.550.291.656.700', 'G16.767'], ['C12.777.419.780', 'C13.351.968.419.780'], ['C11.290.807', 'C11.768.710', 'C23.550.414.756.775'], ['E01.370.350.850'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Role of NAD+ and ADP-ribosylation in the maintenance of the Golgi structure.
|
We have investigated the role of the ADP- ribosylation induced by brefeldin A (BFA) in the mechanisms controlling the architecture of the Golgi complex. BFA causes the rapid disassembly of this organelle into a network of tubules, prevents the association of coatomer and other proteins to Golgi membranes, and stimulates the ADP-ribosylation of two cytosolic proteins of 38 and 50 kD (GAPDH and BARS-50; De Matteis, M.A., M. DiGirolamo, A. Colanzi, M. Pallas, G. Di Tullio, L.J. McDonald, J. Moss, G. Santini, S. Bannykh, D. Corda, and A. Luini. 1994. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 91:1114-1118; Di Girolamo, M., M.G. Silletta, M.A. De Matteis, A. Braca, A. Colanzi, D. Pawlak, M.M. Rasenick, A. Luini, and D. Corda. 1995. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 92:7065-7069). To study the role of ADP-ribosylation, this reaction was inhibited by depletion of NAD+ (the ADP-ribose donor) or by using selective pharmacological blockers in permeabilized cells. In NAD+-depleted cells and in the presence of dialized cytosol, BFA detached coat proteins from Golgi membranes with normal potency but failed to alter the organelle's structure. Readdition of NAD+ triggered Golgi disassembly by BFA. This effect of NAD+ was mimicked by the use of pre-ADP- ribosylated cytosol. The further addition of extracts enriched in native BARS-50 abolished the ability of ADP-ribosylated cytosol to support the effect of BFA. Pharmacological blockers of the BFA-dependent ADP-ribosylation (Weigert, R., A. Colanzi, A. Mironov, R. Buccione, C. Cericola, M.G. Sciulli, G. Santini, S. Flati, A. Fusella, J. Donaldson, M. DiGirolamo, D. Corda, M.A. De Matteis, and A. Luini. 1997. J. Biol. Chem. 272:14200-14207) prevented Golgi disassembly by BFA in permeabilized cells. These inhibitors became inactive in the presence of pre-ADP-ribosylated cytosol, and their activity was rescued by supplementing the cytosol with a native BARS-50-enriched fraction. These results indicate that ADP-ribosylation plays a role in the Golgi disassembling activity of BFA, and suggest that the ADP-ribosylated substrates are components of the machinery controlling the structure of the Golgi apparatus.
|
['Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose', 'Animals', 'Brefeldin A', 'Cell Membrane Permeability', 'Coatomer Protein', 'Cyclopentanes', 'Endoplasmic Reticulum', 'Golgi Apparatus', 'Membrane Proteins', 'NAD', 'Rats', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 9,382,860
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.124.070.125', 'D09.408.620.569.070.125', 'D13.695.667.138.124.070.125', 'D13.695.827.068.124.070.125', 'D13.695.827.708.070.125'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.540.576.500.875'], ['G03.143.335', 'G04.175'], ['D12.776.543.990.300.300'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.450'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.248'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.336'], ['D12.776.543'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.694', 'D08.211.589', 'D13.695.667.138.694', 'D13.695.827.068.694'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
BIM deficiency differentially impacts the function of kidney endothelial and epithelial cells through modulation of their local microenvironment.
|
The extracellular matrix (ECM) acts as a scaffold for kidney cellular organization. Local secretion of the ECM allows kidney cells to readily adapt to changes occurring within the kidney. In addition to providing structural support for cells, the ECM also modulates cell survival, migration, proliferation, and differentiation. Although aberrant regulation of ECM proteins can play a causative role in many diseases, it is not known whether ECM production, cell adhesion, and migration are regulated in a similar manner in kidney epithelial and endothelial cells. Here, we demonstrate that lack of BIM expression differentially impacts kidney endothelial and epithelial cell ECM production, migration, and adhesion, further emphasizing the specialized role of these cell types in kidney function. Bim -/- kidney epithelial cells demonstrated decreased migration, increased adhesion, and sustained expression of osteopontin and thrombospondin-1 (TSP1). In contrast, bim -/- kidney endothelial cells demonstrated increased cell migration, and decreased expression of osteopontin and TSP1. We also observed a fivefold increase in VEGF expression in bim -/- kidney endothelial cells consistent with their increased migration and capillary morphogenesis. These cells also had decreased endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity and nitric oxide bioavailability. Thus kidney endothelial and epithelial cells make unique contributions to the regulation of their ECM composition, with specific impact on adhesive and migratory properties that are essential for their proper function.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins', 'Bcl-2-Like Protein 11', 'Capillaries', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Movement', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cellular Microenvironment', 'Collagen', 'Drug Combinations', 'Endothelial Cells', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Extracellular Matrix', 'Kidney', 'Laminin', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Morphogenesis', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III', 'Osteopontin', 'Proteoglycans', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Thrombospondin 1', 'Urothelium', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A']
| 22,169,007
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.644.360.075', 'D12.776.476.075'], ['D12.644.360.075.323', 'D12.776.476.075.323', 'D12.776.543.116', 'D12.776.624.664.700.025'], ['A07.015.461.165'], ['G04.022'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['A11.251'], ['G04.366'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['D26.310'], ['A11.436.275'], ['A11.436'], ['A11.284.295.310'], ['A05.810.453'], ['D12.776.395.550.530', 'D12.776.543.550.500', 'D12.776.860.300.675'], ['D12.776.543'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['G07.345.500'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772.750'], ['D12.644.276.374.625', 'D12.776.395.700.837', 'D12.776.467.374.625', 'D12.776.860.300.762', 'D23.529.374.625'], ['D09.698.735', 'D12.776.395.650'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['D12.776.395.550.895.800', 'D12.776.543.550.895.800'], ['A10.272.850'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Soft meaning and sincerity in the family system.
|
The concept of "sincerity" is often dismissed as being irrelevant to the understanding of families as systems, since sincerity is seen as a linear, intrapsychic construct. This paper makes the opposite argument. Much family communication involves a particular kind of "soft" meanings. Such meanings are flexible and open to varied interpretation, but their use is nevertheless framed by social rules. Sincerity rules function as social agreements to refrain from manipulating "soft" meaning in particular ways. The expectation that family members are (or are not) likely to communicate sincerely is a crucial systems property, altering both the interpersonal strategies and relationship structures that are likely to emerge within families. The analysis of soft meaning developed in this paper suggests new ways of understanding the rich, tangled, sometimes paradoxical communication typical of families. However, a number of premises frequently associated with family systems theory must be abandoned before a clear analysis of family communication can proceed.
|
['Communication', 'Family', 'Family Therapy', 'Humans', 'Professional-Family Relations', 'Set, Psychology']
| 6,677,523
|
[['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['F04.754.864.581.273'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401.550'], ['F02.463.425.838']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
IL-33 induces neutrophil migration in rheumatoid arthritis and is a target of anti-TNF therapy.
|
OBJECTIVES: Interleukin 33 (IL-33) is a new member of the IL-1 family of cytokines which signals via its receptor, ST2 (IL-33R), and has an important role in Th2 and mast cell responses. This study shows that IL-33 orchestrates neutrophil migration in arthritis.METHODS AND RESULTS: Methylated bovine serum albumin (mBSA) challenge in the knee joint of mBSA-immunised mice induced local neutrophil migration accompanied by increased IL-33R and IL-33 mRNA expression. Cell migration was inhibited by systemic and local treatments with soluble (s)IL-33R, an IL-33 decoy receptor, and was not evident in IL-33R-deficient mice. IL-33 injection also induced IL-33R-dependent neutrophil migration. Antigen- and IL-33-induced neutrophil migration in the joint was dependent on CXCL1, CCL3, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) and IL-1beta synthesis. Synovial tissue, macrophages and activated neutrophils expressed IL-33R. IL-33 induces neutrophil migration by activating macrophages to produce chemokines and cytokines and by directly acting on neutrophils. Importantly, neutrophils from patients with rheumatoid arthritis successfully treated with anti-TNFalpha antibody (infliximab) expressed significantly lower levels of IL-33R than patients treated with methotrexate alone. Only neutrophils from patients treated with methotrexate alone or from normal donors stimulated with TNFalpha responded to IL-33 in chemotaxis.CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that suppression of IL-33R expression in neutrophils, preventing IL-33-induced neutrophil migration, may be an important mechanism of anti-TNFalpha therapy of inflammation.
|
['Animals', 'Antirheumatic Agents', 'Arthritis, Experimental', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Chemotactic Factors', 'Chemotaxis, Leukocyte', 'Cytokines', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein', 'Interleukin-33', 'Interleukins', 'Macrophage Activation', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Neutrophil Infiltration', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Receptors, Interleukin', 'Synovial Membrane', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 20,472,598
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.329'], ['C05.550.114.015', 'E05.598.500.249'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['D23.125'], ['G04.198.424.233'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['G05.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.420.300.375'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.850', 'D12.776.467.374.465.850', 'D23.529.374.465.850'], ['D12.644.276.374.465', 'D12.776.467.374.465', 'D23.529.374.465'], ['G12.287.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['G12.632'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.420'], ['A02.835.583.443.800'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Opposing chemokine gradients control human thymocyte migration in situ.
|
The ordered migration of thymocytes from the cortex to the medulla is critical for the appropriate selection of the mature T cell repertoire. Most studies of thymocyte migration rely on mouse models, but we know relatively little about how human thymocytes find their appropriate anatomical niches within the thymus. Moreover, the signals that retain CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP) thymocytes in the cortex and prevent them from entering the medulla prior to positive selection have not been identified in mice or humans. Here, we examined the intrathymic migration of human thymocytes in both mouse and human thymic stroma and found that human thymocyte subsets localized appropriately to the cortex on mouse thymic stroma and that MHC-dependent interactions between human thymocytes and mouse stroma could maintain the activation and motility of DP cells. We also showed that CXCR4 was required to retain human DP thymocytes in the cortex, whereas CCR7 promoted migration of mature human thymocytes to the medulla. Thus, 2 opposing chemokine gradients control the migration of thymocytes from the cortex to the medulla. These findings point to significant interspecies conservation in thymocyte-stroma interactions and provide the first evidence that chemokines not only attract mature thymocytes to the medulla, but also play an active role in retaining DP thymocytes in the cortex prior to positive selection.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Communication', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Chemotaxis, Leukocyte', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Receptors, CCR7', 'Receptors, CXCR4', 'T-Lymphocyte Subsets', 'Thymocytes', 'Thymus Gland']
| 23,585,474
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.085'], ['G04.152'], ['G04.198.424.233'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.160.150.700', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.125.150.700'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.160.500.400', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.125.500.400', 'D12.776.543.750.830.700.650'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.360.800', 'A11.148.378.294.750.800', 'A11.872.378.294.750.800', 'A11.900'], ['A10.549.750', 'A15.382.520.604.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Influence of the freezing technique (nitrogen liquid vs ultrafreezer of -152 degrees C) and male-to-male variation over the semen quality in Canarian Mastiff breed dogs.
|
This study was carried out to assess the in vitro quality of canine semen frozen in an ultrafreezer at -152 degrees C and to evaluate the male-to-male variation of frozen semen in five male dogs of the Canarian Mastiff breed. Four ejaculates of each dog were processed individually (5% glycerol and 0.5% Equex) to reach a final concentration of 100 x 10(6) spermatozoa/ml. Then, two freezing techniques were tested to assess the seminal quality (sperm motility, live spermatozoa and abnormal sperm cell percentages) at 1, 30, 60, 120 and 360 days after freezing: (i) semen was frozen and stored in liquid nitrogen; (ii) semen was frozen and stored in the ultrafreezer at -152 degrees C. After freezing-thawing, both freezing protocols showed no significant differences in sperm motility and the percentages of live and abnormal spermatozoa. On the other hand, the microscopic characteristics of spermatozoa in fresh semen were practically similar among males; however, after the semen processing and freezing, significant differences were observed (p < 0.05) among males, especially as regards sperm motility. This inter-individual variability was detected in both freezing protocols, showing that the male-to-male variation in the seminal quality post-freezing was independent of the freezing technique used. The in vitro results obtained in the Canarian Mastiff breed confirmed that the use of ultra-freezers at -152 degrees C is a potential alternative to liquid nitrogen for storing canine semen for long periods of time.
|
['Animals', 'Cryopreservation', 'Dogs', 'Glycerol', 'Male', 'Nitrogen', 'Semen', 'Semen Preservation', 'Sperm Count', 'Sperm Motility', 'Temperature', 'Time Factors']
| 16,984,348
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160', 'E02.792.156', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160', 'E05.760.156'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['D02.033.800.875.500', 'D09.853.875.500'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['A12.200.732'], ['E02.792.833.890', 'E05.760.833.890'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.870', 'E01.370.225.992.624', 'E05.200.500.195.870', 'E05.200.992.624', 'E05.242.195.870', 'G04.140.870'], ['E01.370.225.992.812', 'E05.200.992.812', 'G04.198.750'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A Team-Based Online Game Improves Blood Glucose Control in Veterans With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
|
OBJECTIVE: Rigorous evidence is lacking whether online games can improve patients' longer-term health outcomes. We investigated whether an online team-based game delivering diabetes self-management education (DSME) to patients via e-mail or mobile application (app) can generate longer-term improvements in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c).RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Patients (n = 456) on oral diabetes medications with HbA1c ?58 mmol/mol were randomly assigned between a DSME game (with a civics booklet) and a civics game (with a DSME booklet). The 6-month games sent two questions twice weekly via e-mail or mobile app. Participants accrued points based on performance, with scores posted on leaderboards. Winning teams and individuals received modest financial rewards. Our primary outcome measure was HbA1c change over 12 months.RESULTS: DSME game patients had significantly greater HbA1c reductions over 12 months than civics game patients (-8 mmol/mol [95% CI -10 to -7] and -5 mmol/mol [95% CI -7 to -3], respectively; P = 0.048). HbA1c reductions were greater among patients with baseline HbA1c >75 mmol/mol: -16 mmol/mol [95% CI -21 to -12] and -9 mmol/mol [95% CI -14 to -5] for DSME and civics game patients, respectively; P = 0.031.CONCLUSIONS: Patients with diabetes who were randomized to an online game delivering DSME demonstrated sustained and meaningful HbA1c improvements. Among patients with poorly controlled diabetes, the DSME game reduced HbA1c by a magnitude comparable to starting a new diabetes medication. Online games may be a scalable approach to improve outcomes among geographically dispersed patients with diabetes and other chronic diseases.
|
['Aged', 'Blood Glucose', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Electronic Mail', 'Female', 'Games, Experimental', 'Glycated Hemoglobin A', 'Health Education', 'Humans', 'Internet', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mobile Applications', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Veterans']
| 28,790,131
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['L01.178.847.249', 'L01.559.423.906.377.333'], ['E05.385'], ['D09.400.430.937', 'D12.776.124.400.405.440', 'D12.776.395.381', 'D12.776.422.316.762.380.440'], ['I02.233.332', 'N02.421.726.407'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['L01.224.900.685'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.930']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Rebamipide, a novel antiulcer agent, attenuates Helicobacter pylori induced gastric mucosal cell injury associated with neutrophil derived oxidants.
|
The effect of rebamipide, a novel antiulcer compound, on Helicobacter pylori activated neutrophil dependent in vitro gastric epithelial cell injury was investigated. Luminol dependent chemiluminescence (ChL), which detects toxic oxidants from neutrophils exhibited a 12-fold increase when the bacterial suspension of H pylori was added to the isolated human neutrophils. This change was significantly attenuated by rebamipide at a concentration less than 1 mM, showing that rebamipide may inhibit oxidant production from H pylori elicited neutrophils. To assess whether rebamipide attenuates gastric mucosal injury, we tested its inhibitory action on H pylori induced gastric mucosal damage associated with neutrophils in vitro. Rabbit gastric mucosal cells were monolayered in culture wells and coincubated with human neutrophils and H pylori, and the cytotoxicity index was then calculated. Cultured gastric cells were significantly damaged when they were incubated with human neutrophils activated by H pylori. This cellular damage was attenuated by rebamipide in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, spectrophotometrical measurement showed that rebamipide (1 mM) inhibits urease activity by 21.7%. As monochloramine (an oxidant yielded by reaction of neutrophil derived chlorinated oxidant and ammonia) is proposed as an important toxic molecule in this model, the current findings suggest that the preventive effect of rebamipide on H pylori elicited neutrophil induced gastric mucosal injury may result from its inhibitory actions on the neutrophilic oxidative burst as well as H pylori derived urease activity.
|
['Alanine', 'Animals', 'Anti-Ulcer Agents', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Epithelium', 'Gastric Mucosa', 'Helicobacter pylori', 'Luminescent Measurements', 'Neutrophils', 'Oxidants', 'Quinolones', 'Rabbits', 'Urease']
| 7,959,190
|
[['D12.125.042'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.483.203'], ['A11.251'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['A10.272'], ['A03.556.875.875.440', 'A10.615.550.291'], ['B03.440.500.550', 'B03.660.150.235.500.250.550'], ['E05.196.712.516'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['D27.720.642', 'D27.888.569.540'], ['D03.633.100.810.835'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['D08.811.277.087.902']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prediction of global and local quality of CASP8 models by MULTICOM series.
|
Evaluating the quality of protein structure models is important for selecting and using models. Here, we describe the MULTICOM series of model quality predictors which contains three predictors tested in the CASP8 experiments. We evaluated these predictors on 120 CASP8 targets. The average correlations between predicted and real GDT-TS scores of the two semi-clustering methods (MULTICOM and MULTICOM-CLUSTER) and the one single-model ab initio method (MULTICOM-CMFR) are 0.90, 0.89, and 0.74, respectively; and their average difference (or GDT-TS loss) between the global GDT-TS scores of the top-ranked models and the best models are 0.05, 0.06, and 0.07, respectively. The average correlation between predicted and real local quality scores of the semi-clustering methods is above 0.64. Our results show that the novel semi-clustering approach that compares a model with top ranked reference models can improve initial quality scores generated by the ab initio method and a simple meta approach.
|
['Computational Biology', 'Models, Molecular', 'Protein Conformation', 'Proteins', 'Sequence Analysis, Protein', 'Software']
| 19,544,564
|
[['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D12.776'], ['E05.393.760.705'], ['L01.224.900']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Multiplexing of injury codes for the parallel operation of enzyme logic gates.
|
The development of a highly parallel enzyme logic sensing concept employing a novel encoding scheme for the determination of multiple pathophysiological conditions is reported. The new concept multiplexes a contingent of enzyme-based logic gates to yield a distinct 'injury code' corresponding to a unique pathophysiological state as prescribed by a truth table. The new concept is illustrated using an array of NAND and AND gates to assess the biomedical significance of numerous biomarker inputs including creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, norepinephrine, glutamate, alanine transaminase, lactate, glucose, glutathione disulfide, and glutathione reductase to assess soft-tissue injury, traumatic brain injury, liver injury, abdominal trauma, hemorrhagic shock, and oxidative stress. Under the optimal conditions, physiological and pathological levels of these biomarkers were detected through either optical or electrochemical techniques by monitoring the level of the outputs generated by each of the six logic gates. By establishing a pathologically meaningful threshold for each logic gate, the absorbance and amperometric assays tendered the diagnosis in a digitally encoded 6-bit word, defined as an 'injury code'. This binary 'injury code' enabled the effective discrimination of 64 unique pathological conditions to offer a comprehensive high-fidelity diagnosis of multiple injury conditions. Such processing of relevant biomarker inputs and the subsequent multiplexing of the logic gate outputs to yield a comprehensive 'injury code' offer significant potential for the rapid and reliable assessment of varied and complex forms of injury in circumstances where access to a clinical laboratory is not viable. While the new concept of parallel and multiplexed enzyme logic gates is illustrated here in connection to multi-injury diagnosis, it could be readily extended to a wide range of practical medical, industrial, security and environmental applications.
|
['Animals', 'Biomarkers', 'Brain Injuries', 'Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury', 'Electrochemical Techniques', 'Electrodes', 'Enzymes', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Rabbits', 'Shock, Hemorrhagic', 'Soft Tissue Injuries']
| 20,617,272
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.101'], ['C10.228.140.199', 'C10.900.300.087', 'C26.915.300.200'], ['C06.552.100', 'C25.100.562', 'C25.723.260'], ['E05.301'], ['E07.305.250'], ['D08.811'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['C23.550.414.980', 'C23.550.835.650'], ['C26.808']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Acute renal failure in lung transplantation: incidence, correlation with subsequent kidney disease, and prognostic value].
|
OBJECTIVE: We studied the incidence of postoperative renal failure and its association with mortality in lung transplant patients in our hospital classified according to the severity of renal failure in the immediate postoperative period, and at 30 days, 6 months, and 1 year after transplantation.MATERIAL AND METHODS: For the period March 1997 through January 2006, 144 lung transplants were performed in our hospital. Six patients were lost to follow-up. Patients were assigned to 1 of the 5 Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) classes according to the glomerular filtration rate on admission to the intensive care unit, and at 1 month, 6 months, and 12 months. Descriptive statistics were calculated for the sample. The relationship between the CKD classification and mortality was analyzed by calculating the odds ratio with a logistic regression model. The correlation between CKD classification on admission and at 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year after transplantation was analyzed using the Spearman correlation coefficient.RESULTS: Of the 144 patients analyzed, 52 patients were in CKD class 1, 63 in class 2, 19 in class 3, 2 in class 4, and 2 in class 5, according to the glomerular filtration rate. The correlation between mortality at 1 month and CKD classification on admission was not statistically significant (odds ratio, 1.11; 95% confidence interval, 0.42-3.11; P=.82) among patients with normal kidney function (CKD class 1) and those with some degree of renal failure (CKD classes 2-5). There was no correlation between CKD classification on admission and CKD classification at 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year although a significant positive correlation was found between CKD classification at 1 month and CKD classes at 6 months and 1 year.CONCLUSIONS: We did not find any association between 1-month mortality and the degree of renal failure in the immediate postoperative period in lung transplant patients. There was a positive correlation between the degree of kidney failure at 1 month and that observed 6 and 12 months after the procedure.
|
['Acute Kidney Injury', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Lung Transplantation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Time Factors']
| 18,727,887
|
[['C12.777.419.780.050', 'C13.351.968.419.780.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E04.928.600.495', 'E04.936.450.495'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Stereotactic high dose fraction radiation therapy of extracranial tumors using an accelerator. Clinical experience of the first thirty-one patients.
|
A stereotactic body frame with a fixation device has been developed for stereotactic radiation therapy of extracranial targets, a precision localization and positioning system in analogy with the stereotactic head frames used for intracranial targets. Results of the first 42 treated tumors in 31 patients are presented. Most of the patients had solitary tumors in liver, lung or retroperitoneal space. Clinical target volumes ranged from 2 to 622 cm3 (mean 78 cm3) and minimum doses to the planning target volumes (PTV) of 7.7-30 Gy/fraction (mean 14.2 Gy) were given on 1-4 occasions to a total minimum dose to the PTVs of 7.7-45 Gy (mean 30.2 Gy) to the periphery of the PTV and total mean doses to the PTVs of 8-66 Gy (mean 41 Gy). The central part of the tumor was usually given about 50% higher dose compared to that of the periphery of the PTV by a planned inhomogeneous dose distribution. Some of the patients received stereotactic radiation therapy concomitantly to more than one target, in others new metastases were also treated which appeared during the follow-up period. We observed a local rate of no progressive disease of 80% during a follow-up period of 1.5-38 months. Fifty percent of the tumors decreased in size or disappeared.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Bone Neoplasms', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Disease Progression', 'Equipment Design', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Particle Accelerators', 'Radiosurgery', 'Radiotherapy Dosage', 'Remission Induction', 'Retroperitoneal Neoplasms', 'Thoracic Neoplasms', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 7,576,756
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C04.588.149', 'C05.116.231'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E05.320'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E07.710.680'], ['E02.815.530', 'E04.525.800.650', 'E05.873.500'], ['E02.815.639'], ['E02.860'], ['C04.588.033.731'], ['C04.588.894'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Fabrication of solid and hollow carbonate apatite microspheres as bone substitutes using calcite microspheres as a precursor.
|
Spherical carbonate apatite (CO3Ap) microspheres approximately 1 mm in diameter were fabricated by granulation of calcium hydroxide around a core followed by carbonation and phosphatization through dissolution-precipitation reaction. CO3Ap microspheres with high uniformity could not be achieved without using a core. Solid CO3Ap microspheres were obtained using a calcite core whereas hollow CO3Ap microspheres were obtained using a NaCl core. The obtained microsphere was identified as B-type CO3Ap by Fourier transform infrared analysis and the carbonate content was approximately 7-8 wt% regardless of the type of core used for sample preparation. The mechanical strength of both the solid and hollow CO3Ap microspheres was sufficient for practical use as a bone substitute.
|
['Apatites', 'Bone Substitutes', 'Calcium Carbonate', 'Microspheres', 'Porosity', 'Sodium Chloride']
| 22,864,207
|
[['D01.029.260.700.675.374.075.025', 'D01.146.360.050', 'D01.578.122', 'D01.695.625.675.650.075.025'], ['D25.130.325', 'J01.637.051.130.325'], ['D01.146.275', 'D01.200.275.150.150', 'D01.578.200'], ['E07.565'], ['G01.374.710'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Manduca sexta hemolymph protease-2 (HP2) activated by HP14 generates prophenoloxidase-activating protease-2 (PAP2) in wandering larvae and pupae.
|
Melanization is a universal defense mechanism of insects against microbial infection. During this response, phenoloxidase (PO) is activated from its precursor by prophenoloxidase activating protease (PAP), the terminal enzyme of a serine protease (SP) cascade. In the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta, hemolymph protease-14 (HP14) is autoactivated from proHP14 to initiate the protease cascade after host proteins recognize invading pathogens. HP14, HP21, proHP1*, HP6, HP8, PAP1-3, and non-catalytic serine protease homologs (SPH1 and SPH2) constitute a portion of the extracellular SP-SPH system to mediate melanization and other immune responses. Here we report the expression, purification, and functional characterization of M. sexta HP2. The HP2 precursor is synthesized in hemocytes, fat body, integument, nerve and trachea. Its mRNA level is low in fat body of 5th instar larvae before wandering stage; abundance of the protein in hemolymph displays a similar pattern. HP2 exists as an active enzyme in plasma of the wandering larvae and pupae in the absence of an infection. HP14 cleaves proHP2 to yield active HP2. After incubating active HP2 with larval hemolymph, we detected higher levels of PO activity, i.e. an enhancement of proPO activation. HP2 cleaved proPAP2 (but not proPAP3 or proPAP1) to yield active PAP2, responsible for a major increase in IEARpNA hydrolysis. PAP2 activates proPOs in the presence of a cofactor of SPH1 and SPH2. In summary, we have identified a new member of the proPO activation system and reconstituted a pathway of HP14-HP2-PAP2-PO. Since high levels of HP2 mRNA were present in integument and active HP2 in plasma of wandering larvae, HP2 likely plays a role in cuticle melanization during pupation and protects host from microbial infection in a soil environment.
|
['Animals', 'Endopeptidases', 'Fat Body', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Hemocytes', 'Hemolymph', 'Insect Proteins', 'Integumentary System', 'Larva', 'Manduca', 'Melanins', 'Monophenol Monooxygenase', 'Nerve Tissue', 'Protein Isoforms', 'Pupa', 'Serine Endopeptidases', 'Signal Transduction', 'Trachea']
| 30,098,411
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.277.656.300'], ['A13.365'], ['G05.308.310'], ['A11.118.480', 'A15.145.229.480'], ['A13.453'], ['D12.776.093.500'], ['A17'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.937.650.525'], ['D12.125.072.050.875.379', 'D23.767.620'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.125.500'], ['A10.755'], ['D12.776.800'], ['B05.500.700', 'G07.345.500.550.500.700'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A04.889']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Surgical management of advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors: an international multi-institutional analysis of 158 patients.
|
BACKGROUND: Patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are at high risk for recurrence after surgery. The aim of this study was to characterize outcomes of advanced GIST treated with surgery from a large multi-institutional database in the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) era.STUDY DESIGN: Patients who underwent surgery for an advanced GIST from 1998 through 2012 were identified. Demographic, clinicopathologic, perioperative, and survival data were collected and analyzed.RESULTS: There were 87 patients with locally advanced GIST and 71 patients with recurrent/metastatic GIST. The vast majority (95%) of patients with locally advanced GIST required a multivisceral resection; most patients (87%) underwent a microscopically complete (R0) resection. Although 82% of patients had high-risk tumors according to modified NIH criteria or had recurrent/metastatic disease, only 56% of patients received adjuvant TKI therapy. Among patients with locally advanced GIST, 3-year recurrence-free survival and overall survival rates were 65% and 87%, respectively. In contrast, 3-year recurrence-free survival and overall survival rates among patients with recurrent/metastatic GIST were 49% and 82%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, predictors of worse outcomes included high mitotic rate and male sex for patients with locally advanced GIST, and age and lack of adjuvant TKI therapy were associated with adverse outcomes among patients with recurrent/metastatic GIST (all p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Resection of advanced GIST can be safely accomplished with high rates of R0 resection. Among patients with advanced GIST, TKI therapy was underused. Barriers to the use of TKI therapy in this population should be explored.
|
['Aged', 'Female', 'Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Survival Rate', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 25,065,359
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.450.565.370', 'C06.301.371.308', 'C06.405.249.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of reheating on the accuracy of polysulfide impressions.
|
Polysulfide impressions were made at 37 degrees C in two cylindrical trays of a truncated cone-shaped chromium-steel die. One tray size was used to obtain impressions with 1 mm thickness from tray to the gingival margin of the preparation, while the second tray permitted a thickness of 4 mm. Stone dies were made from impressions after (1) cooling to 22 degrees C for 10 min or (2) cooling to 22 degrees C for 10 min and reheating to 37 degrees C for 30 min. Results revealed that reheating impressions to mouth temperature before pouring the dies improved their accuracy.
|
['Dental Impression Materials', 'Dental Impression Technique', 'Dental Models', 'Hot Temperature', 'Sulfides']
| 2,135,346
|
[['D25.339.334', 'J01.637.051.339.334'], ['E06.912.130'], ['E06.261', 'J01.897.280.500.545.129.200', 'L01.178.820.090.545.129.200'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['D01.248.497.158.874', 'D01.875.350.850', 'D02.886.520']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The generator site in acquired autoimmune neuromyotonia.
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the origin of ectopic activity in neuromyotonia (NMT).METHODS: We studied two patients. In addition to routine studies, we tested synchronicity of spontaneous discharges in different motor units in simultaneous recordings made with two needle electrodes in the first dorsal interosseus muscle. Time-locked fasciculations in these double recordings would represent abnormal ectopic activity initiated in a nerve trunk with ephaptic stimulation of a nearby axon. In patient 1, this research protocol was applied once, 15years after regular intravenous immunoglobulin (IvIg) treatment. Patient 2 was investigated before and 1year after IvIg.RESULTS: Both patients improved after IVIg, mirrored by a striking decrease in the amount of spontaneous activity on electromyography. Moreover, our technique did not detect synchronous spontaneous activity (time-locked fasciculations) on the second assessment, although this was predominant before treatment in patient 2.CONCLUSIONS: In NMT, abnormal discharges originate both in distal axonal branches and in more proximal segments. It appears that IvIg is more effective in blocking antibody activity in proximal axonal segments, perhaps related to factors such as blood-nerve barrier, temperature or differing ion channel distributions.SIGNIFICANCE: Treatment effects can shed light on the origin of abnormal activity in NMT.
|
['Aged', 'Autoimmune Diseases', 'Electromyography', 'Evoked Potentials, Motor', 'Fasciculation', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulins', 'Isaacs Syndrome', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscle, Skeletal']
| 28,235,725
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C20.111'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['G07.265.216.500.385', 'G11.561.200.500.385'], ['C10.597.613.250', 'C23.888.592.608.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485', 'D12.776.124.790.651', 'D12.776.377.715.548'], ['C05.651.392', 'C10.668.829.425'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Progenitor marker CD133 mRNA is elevated in peripheral blood of cancer patients with bone metastases.
|
PURPOSE: We examined whether RNA expression of CD133, a surface molecule expressed on progenitors from hematopoietic and endothelial lineages, and CD146, a pan-endothelial marker, are increased in the blood of cancer patients and whether these factors correlate with patient characteristics and are predictive factors of survival.EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We developed a real-time quantification method (nuclear acid sequence-based amplification) to determine expression of CD146 and CD133 mRNA in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 131 progressive cancer patients, 37 healthy volunteers, and 5 patients who received granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Overall survival and other clinicopathologic variables were obtained. Cox proportional hazards studies were done.RESULTS: We show that patients with metastatic disease have a significant increase in CD133 mRNA (P = 0.03), specifically patients with bone metastasis (P < 0.001). Cancer patients with high CD133 mRNA expression, using a defined cutoff value, show a decreased survival compared with patients with low or undetectable CD133 expression (21% versus 45% cumulative survival, respectively, after 20 months; P = 0.01). Among patients with metastasis to the bone, cumulative survival was 22%, compared with 61% for patients with high or low CD133 levels (P = 0.004). Multivariate analysis showed that CD133 expression is an independent predictor for overall survival in patients with bone metastases. CD146 mRNA was not increased in patients with cancer, nor did it correlate with clinical variables or survival.CONCLUSION: CD133, but not CD146, mRNA expression is increased in cancer patients with metastatic disease, specifically with bone metastasis. In addition, CD133 mRNA expression seems to be an independent prognostic factor for overall survival.
|
['AC133 Antigen', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antigens, CD', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Bone Neoplasms', 'CD146 Antigen', 'Female', 'Glycoproteins', 'Humans', 'Leukocytes, Mononuclear', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplasms', 'Peptides', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Reproducibility of Results']
| 16,914,572
|
[['D12.776.395.550.007', 'D12.776.543.550.023'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['D23.101.140'], ['C04.588.149', 'C05.116.231'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.170', 'D12.776.543.550.200.140', 'D12.776.624.301.249', 'D23.050.285.439.249', 'D23.050.301.350.150'], ['D09.400.430', 'D12.776.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555', 'A15.145.229.637.555', 'A15.382.490.555'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['C04'], ['D12.644'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The effect of a gluteal activation protocol on sprint and drop jump performance.
|
BACKGROUND: This study examined the acute effect of gluteal activation exercises on 10 m sprints and drop jumps (DJ)s performed on a force sledge apparatus.METHODS: Twelve participants completed pre-tests of 10 sprints and 10 DJs with one minute recovery between sprints or jumps. For the 10 m sprints, contact, flight, 5 m and 10 m times were recorded using an Optojump Next system. For DJs, height jumped, contact and flight times, Reactive Strength Index and peak forces were recorded via a force-sledge system. In the post-tests, the participants completed a gluteal activation exercise protocol immediately before the sprint or DJ tests. Results were analyzed using an adapted typical error method and repeated measures ANOVA.RESULTS: The repeated measures ANOVA found significant performance related improvements in 5 m and 10 m sprint times, flight and contact times for each step and significant improvements in all jump measures (P<0.05). By contrast, the typical error method showed relatively few instances of potentiation and no clear patterns of fatigue followed by potentiation across all participants in sprint and DJ performances following the gluteal activation protocol.CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that gluteal activation exercises do not produce a consistent acute performance enhancing affect; however, their role in injury prevention is unclear.
|
['Adult', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Athletic Performance', 'Buttocks', 'Exercise', 'Exercise Test', 'Fatigue', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Muscle Strength', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Plyometric Exercise', 'Resistance Training', 'Young Adult']
| 26,564,272
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['I03.450.642.845.054'], ['A01.378.610.100'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['C23.888.369'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.600.425', 'G11.427.560'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.387.812', 'E02.779.483.812', 'E02.831.535.483.812', 'G11.427.410.698.277.311.500', 'I03.350.311.500'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.387.875', 'E02.779.483.875', 'E02.831.535.483.875', 'G11.427.410.698.277.311.750', 'I03.350.311.750'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Distribution of phosphodiesterase I in normal human tissues.
|
Phosphodiesterase I (PDE I) is an exonuclease capable of hydrolyzing a variety of phosphate ester and pyrophosphate bonds. Cell fractionation and histochemical studies in animal tissues have localized PDE I in the plasma membrane of various epithelia. This suggests a role for the enzyme in active transport. Distribution of PDE I in human tissues has not previously been studied. We have produced a polyclonal antiserum to bovine intestinal PDE I and have demonstrated crossreactivity with the human intestinal enzyme. This polyclonal antiserum was used in PAP immunocytochemistry to localize immunoreactive PDE I in a variety of human tissues. Localization was prominent in the gastrointestinal tract, including the cytoplasm of gastric mucosa parietal cells, cytoplasm of surface epithelium and isolated crypt cells in small intestine, and the colonic epithelial cytoplasm and brush border. Parotid gland acinar cells and scattered ductal cells showed positive cytoplasmic staining. Acinar and scattered pancreatic islet cells contained immunoreactive PDE I, as did Kupffer cells of the liver sinusoids. Immunoreactive PDE I was found in all vascular endothelia. The epithelium of the urinary tract showed extensive immunoreactivity. This included the distal convoluted and collecting tubules of the kidney, and ureteral and bladder urothelium. In previous histochemical studies of animal tissues, no evidence of PDE I activity was noted in male or female reproductive tract. In this study, immunoreactive PDE I was localized to human Sertoli cells and to basal epithelium of the epididymis and prostate acini. Fallopian tube epithelium of female reproductive tract also demonstrated immunoreactive PDI I, as did several cell types in term placenta. Our immunocytochemical results with human tissues differ significantly from previous histochemical studies in animal tissues, principally in the genitourinary system. This may be due in part to the different detection systems employed as well as the higher sensitivity of the immunoperoxidase technique. This underscores the importance of adjunct techniques in tissue surveys. The widespread epithelial distribution of immunoreactive PDE I detected by this polyclonal antibody implies an integral role in cell function, probably in active transport.
|
['Histocytochemistry', 'Humans', 'Immunochemistry', 'Phosphodiesterase I', 'Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases', 'Reference Values']
| 3,025,290
|
[['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H01.158.201.486', 'H01.181.122.605', 'H02.403.044.500'], ['D08.811.277.352.640.430'], ['D08.811.277.352.640'], ['E05.978.810']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Doxorubicin encapsulated in sterically stabilized liposomes exhibits renal and biliary clearance properties that are independent of valspodar (PSC 833) under conditions that significantly inhibit nonencapsulated drug excretion.
|
Coadministration of anticancer drugs and multidrug resistance modulators directed against P-glycoprotein over-expressed in tumors also results in nonspecific blockade of this drug efflux pump in excretory tissues such as the liver and kidneys. These interactions often result in impaired renal and biliary clearance for anticancer agents such as doxorubicin (DOX). In the present investigation, we characterized the excretory processes associated with liposomal DOX administration to elucidate how liposome encapsulation may bypass adverse pharmacokinetic interactions between DOX and (3'-keto-Bmt1)-(Val2)-cyclosporin (Valspodar). Renal and biliary clearance properties of liposome-encapsulated DOX were compared with those for nonencapsulated DOX in the presence and absence of Valspodar using an instrumented rat model with implanted jugular vein and bile duct catheters for continuous sampling. Two types of liposomal DOX formulations were used, a drug-permeable egg phosphatidyl choline/cholesterol system and a sterically stabilized polyethylene glycol/1,2 distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine/cholesterol system to establish the relative roles of liposome-encapsulated and released drug on the pharmacokinetic and excretion alterations induced by Valspodar. DOX and its primary metabolites were quantitated using high-performance liquid chromatography. When Valspodar was coadministered with nonencapsulated DOX, 3.5- and 37.5-fold reductions in renal clearance (CLr) and biliary clearance (CLb), respectively, were observed, which resulted in increased plasma DOX concentrations and total exposure. However, Valspodar-induced alterations in CLr and CLb were less profound with egg phosphatidyl choline/cholesterol DOX (1.7- and 2.0-fold reductions, respectively) and negligible with the long-circulating polyethylene glycol-containing liposomal formulation. These results indicate that liposomes may circumvent Valspodar-induced DOX pharmacokinetic changes by reducing the rate of drug excretion in liver and kidney tissue to a level that is within the renal and biliary excretion capacity in the presence of P-glycoprotein blockade.
|
['Animals', 'Antibiotics, Antineoplastic', 'Bile', 'Cyclosporins', 'Doxorubicin', 'Drug Carriers', 'Drug Resistance, Multiple', 'Kidney', 'Liposomes', 'Male', 'Metabolic Clearance Rate', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley']
| 10,537,363
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248.106'], ['A12.200.087'], ['D04.345.566.235', 'D12.644.641.235'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200.175', 'D04.615.562.050.200.175', 'D09.408.051.059.200.175'], ['D26.255.260', 'E02.319.300.380'], ['G07.690.773.984.300'], ['A05.810.453'], ['D25.479.517', 'D26.255.260.517', 'J01.637.051.479.517', 'J01.637.087.500.517'], ['E01.370.225.843', 'E05.200.843', 'G03.490', 'G07.690.595', 'G07.690.725.513'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Regional mapping of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy gene on 4q35: combined analysis of an international consortium.
|
Members of an international consortium for linkage analysis of the facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) gene have pooled data for joint analyses, in an attempt to determine the precise location of the FSHD gene and the order of four DNA markers on 4q35 region. Six laboratories determined a total of 3,078 genotypes in 65 families, consisting of a total of 504 affected subjects and 559 unaffected subjects. For each marker, a mean of 648 meioses were informative. D4S139 and D4S163 were identified as the closest linked markers to the FSHD locus, with 99% upper confidence intervals of recombination fractions of .08 and .10, respectively. We have used the CRI-MAP program to construct the most likely order of cen-D4S171-F11-D4S163-D4S139-FSHD-tel, with favorable odds of 10(8)-10(114) over all other orders except that in which F11 and D4S171 are reversed, for which the odds ratio was 191:1. With this order, the genetic map of this region extends 25.5 cM in males and 13.8 cM in females (averaging 19.5 cM for sexes combined); the sex difference was statistically significant (P = .0013). Comparison between families for the two-point and multipoint lod scores involving FSHD showed no evidence for heterogeneity of this disorder. However, after the completion of this analysis, one large family which might show heterogeneity was identified. In view of this and the fact that all of the linked markers reside on the same side of the FSHD locus, the clinical application of these markers is not recommended at this time.
|
['Chromosome Mapping', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4', 'Female', 'Genetic Linkage', 'Genetic Markers', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Muscular Dystrophies']
| 1,642,237
|
[['E05.393.183'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.280.285', 'G05.360.162.520.300.280.285'], ['G05.348'], ['D23.101.387', 'G05.695.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.651.534.500', 'C10.668.491.175.500', 'C16.320.577']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Baseline Central Visual Field Defect as a Risk Factor For NTG Progression: A 5-Year Prospective Study.
|
PRECIS: This 5-year follow-up study on normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) patients demonstrated that those with baseline central visual field (VF) defect progress at a more increased rate compared with those with peripheral field defect.PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics, including 24-hour ocular perfusion pressure and risk of progression in patients with baseline central VF defect, as compared with those with peripheral VF defect in NTG.DESIGN: This was a prospective, longitudinal study.METHODS: A total of 65 NTG patients who completed 5 years of follow-up were included in this study. All the enrolled patients underwent baseline 24-hour intraocular pressure and blood pressure monitoring via 2-hourly measurements in their habitual position and had ?5 reliable VF tests during the 5-year follow-up. Patients were assigned to two groups on the basis of VF defect locations at baseline, the central 10 degrees, and the peripheral 10- to 24-degree area. Modified Anderson criteria were used to assess global VF progression over 5 years. Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to compare the elapsed time of confirmed VF progression in the two groups. Hazard ratios for the association between clinical risk factors and VF progression were obtained by using Cox proportional hazards models.RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the patients with baseline central and peripheral VF defects in terms of demography, clinical, ocular and systemic hemodynamic factors. Eyes with baseline defects involving the central fields progressed faster (difference: âcentral=-0.78 dB/y, 95% confidence interval=-0.22 to -1.33, P=0.007) and have 3.56 times higher hazard of progressing (95% confidence interval=1.17-10.82, P=0.025) than those with only peripheral defects.CONCLUSION: NTG patients with baseline central VF involvement are at increased risk of progression compared with those with peripheral VF defect.
|
['Adult', 'Arterial Pressure', 'Blood Pressure', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Intraocular Pressure', 'Low Tension Glaucoma', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Optic Disk', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Tonometry, Ocular', 'Vision Disorders', 'Visual Field Tests', 'Visual Fields']
| 31,688,446
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G09.330.380.076.347'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G14.440'], ['C11.525.381.703', 'C11.640.225'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A08.800.800.120.680.660', 'A09.371.729.690'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E01.370.380.750'], ['C10.597.751.941', 'C11.966', 'C23.888.592.763.941'], ['E01.370.380.850.962'], ['F02.463.593.932.934', 'G14.950']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A two-year follow-up of children with urticaria in general practice.
|
A questionnaire was sent in 1984 to 97 children with urticaria, who had previously been seen in Danish general practice during a period of three months in 1982. The questionnaire included questions about provoking factors and the course of the disease. Replies were received from 79 children, 46 of whom had experienced one attack only, and 33 had had several attacks. Fifteen percent of the former and 48% of the latter suggested a variety of provoking agents, which were mainly food and food additives in the recurrent group. Previous infections were not suspected, though 20% had signs or symptoms of infection at the registration in 1982. It is suggested that a first episode of urticaria should be investigated by the practitioner only, with simple questioning and perhaps symptomatic treatment, because the first attack is often the sole one.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Chronic Disease', 'Denmark', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Prognosis', 'Recurrence', 'Urticaria']
| 3,589,230
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['Z01.542.816.124'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.789'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['C17.800.862.945', 'C20.543.480.904']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Hepatitis B and hemodialysis: the impact of universal precautions in preventing the transmission of bloodborne viruses.
|
A detailed description is presented of the hemodialysis treatment for 6 weeks of a patient strongly positive for hepatitis B virus ([HBV], hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B e antigen, HBV DNA), which was performed without any special precautions. All 59 patients potentially exposed to the HBV-positive patient, of whom 29 appeared fully unprotected by antibody, were followed for at least 9 months but remained negative. This illustrates the feasibility of following Universal Precautions instead of using exceptional procedures for one single agent.
|
['Adult', 'Cross Infection', 'Female', 'Hepatitis B', 'Humans', 'Netherlands', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Universal Precautions']
| 9,702,575
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C01.248', 'C23.550.291.875.500'], ['C01.221.250.500', 'C01.925.256.430.400', 'C01.925.440.435', 'C06.552.380.705.437'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.651'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['N06.850.780.200.925']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Collagen degradation assays.
|
The biochemistry of collagen makes the assay of its degradation complex. Hidden epitopes are linear amino acid sequences that are not normally available for antibody binding when they are contained within an intact helical structure, but they become exposed once the collagen triple helix has been cleaved and denatured. This chapter describes the use of an antibody raised against such an epitope, combined with selective proteolytic extraction, to assay collagen degradation.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Assay', 'Cattle', 'Collagen', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Epitopes', 'Protein Processing, Post-Translational']
| 20,135,294
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.091'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['D23.050.550'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600', 'G02.111.691.600', 'G03.734.871.790.600', 'G05.308.670.600']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Quantitative analysis of lung ultrasonography for the detection of community-acquired pneumonia: a pilot study.
|
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Chest X-ray is recommended for routine use in patients with suspected pneumonia, but its use in emergency settings is limited. In this study, the diagnostic performance of a new method for quantitative analysis of lung ultrasonography was compared with bedside chest X-ray and visual lung ultrasonography for detection of community-acquired pneumonia, using thoracic computed tomography as a gold standard.METHODS: Thirty-two spontaneously breathing patients with suspected community-acquired pneumonia, undergoing computed tomography examination, were consecutively enrolled. Each hemithorax was evaluated for the presence or absence of abnormalities by chest X-ray and quantitative or visual ultrasonography.RESULTS: Quantitative ultrasonography showed higher sensitivity (93%), specificity (95%), and diagnostic accuracy (94%) than chest X-ray (64%, 80%, and 69%, resp.), visual ultrasonography (68%, 95%, and 77%, resp.), or their combination (77%, 75%, and 77%, resp.).CONCLUSIONS: Quantitative lung ultrasonography was considerably more accurate than either chest X-ray or visual ultrasonography in the diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia and it may represent a useful first-line approach for confirmation of clinical diagnosis in emergency settings.
|
['Community-Acquired Infections', 'Humans', 'Lung', 'Pilot Projects', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Ultrasonography']
| 25,811,032
|
[['C01.234'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A04.411'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Translation of open reading frame E5 of bovine papillomavirus is required for its transforming activity.
|
A series of mutations in open reading frame (ORF) E5 of bovine papillomavirus type 1 has been constructed to determine whether this putative gene is required for in vitro oncogenic transformation by viral DNA. Frameshift mutations at either of two different positions located exclusively in ORF E5 cause a substantial reduction in the ability of the cloned viral DNA to induce the appearance of transformed foci of mouse C127 cells. A genetic mapping experiment with one of the mutants indicates that this characteristic transformation defect is actually due to the constructed mutation in ORF E5. Analysis of 10 different mutants with sequence changes at a single position in the ORF showed that there is an exact correspondence between transformation-competence and the ability of the 3' half of ORF E5 to be correctly translated. The transformation defect of an ORF E5 frameshift mutant can be suppressed by a second mutation that restores the correct reading frame to most of the ORF, but not by one that restores the reading frame near the 3' end of the ORF. These results constitute strong genetic evidence that translation of ORF E5 is required for efficient transformation of mouse C127 cells by bovine papillomavirus DNA. Wild-type ORF E5 has the potential to encode a short hydrophobic protein or polypeptide domain.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Bovine papillomavirus 1', 'Cell Transformation, Viral', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA Restriction Enzymes', 'DNA, Recombinant', 'Genes, Viral', 'Oncogene Proteins, Viral', 'Oncogenes', 'Papillomaviridae']
| 3,006,073
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['B04.280.210.655.200.100', 'B04.613.204.655.200.100'], ['C04.697.098.500.160', 'C23.550.727.098.500.160', 'G06.920.143'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D08.811.150.280', 'D08.811.277.352.335.350.300', 'D08.811.277.352.355.325.300'], ['D13.444.308.460'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.875', 'G05.360.340.358.024.875', 'G05.360.340.358.840.500'], ['D12.776.624.664.520', 'D12.776.964.700'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.500'], ['B04.280.210.655', 'B04.613.204.655']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Early Intracellular Trafficking of Granulibacter bethesdensis in Human Macrophages.
|
Granulibacter bethesdensis is a Gram-negative bacterium that infects patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), a primary immunodeficiency marked by a defect in NOX2, the phagocyte NADPH oxidase. Previous studies have shown that NOX2 is essential for killing of G. bethesdensis by neutrophils and monocytes and that the bacteriostatic activity of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) requires NOX2 and gamma interferon (IFN-ã) pretreatment. To determine whether G. bethesdensis evades phagolysosomal killing, a host defense pathway intact in both normal and CGD MDM, or whether it occupies a distinct intracellular niche in CGD MDM, we assessed the trafficking patterns of this organism. We observed colocalization of G. bethesdensis with an early endosome antigen 1 (EEA1)-positive compartment, followed by colocalization with lysosome-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1)-positive and LysoTracker-positive late phagosomes; these characteristics were similar in both normal and CGD MDM. Despite localization to acidified late phagosomes, viable G. bethesdensis cells were recovered from viable MDM in numbers greater than in the initial input up to 6 days after infection. G. bethesdensis remains, and in some cases appears to divide, within a membrane-bound compartment for the entire 6-day time course. These findings indicate that this organism resists both oxygen-dependent and oxygen-independent phagolysosomal antimicrobial systems of human macrophages.
|
['Acetobacteraceae', 'Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections', 'Granulomatous Disease, Chronic', 'Humans', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Lysosome-Associated Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Macrophages', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Microscopy, Electron, Transmission', 'Monocytes', 'NADPH Oxidase 2', 'NADPH Oxidases', 'Neutrophils', 'Phagocytosis', 'Phagosomes', 'Vesicular Transport Proteins']
| 28,320,834
|
[['B03.440.400.425.100', 'B03.660.050.755.050'], ['C01.150.252.400'], ['C15.378.553.774.535', 'C16.320.322.233', 'C20.673.774.535'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['D12.776.395.550.550', 'D12.776.543.550.527'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.580', 'E05.595.402.580'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['D08.811.682.608.575.875', 'D12.776.331.894.875', 'D12.776.543.653.875'], ['D08.811.682.608.575', 'D12.776.331.894', 'D12.776.543.653'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['G04.417.350', 'G09.188.665', 'G12.450.564.809', 'G12.688'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.700'], ['D12.776.543.990']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Preferential positioning of nucleosomes on pBR322 as evaluated via Fourier transform of data from electron microscopy.
|
Nucleosome positioning on pBR322 DNA has been evaluated by electron microscopy visualization, after psoralen cross-linking. The distribution function of nucleosomes on pBR322 DNA has been calculated analyzing the data of the electron microscopy via Fourier transform. This function shows definite maxima, which indicate differential interactions of the histone octamer to different DNA sequences.
|
['Binding Sites', 'DNA, Circular', 'Fourier Analysis', 'Histones', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Nucleic Acid Denaturation', 'Nucleosomes']
| 3,345,744
|
[['G02.111.570.120'], ['D13.444.308.283', 'G02.111.570.820.486.212', 'G05.360.580.156'], ['E05.377', 'G17.226', 'L01.224.800.625'], ['D12.776.157.687.485', 'D12.776.660.720.485', 'D12.776.664.469'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['E05.393.640', 'G02.111.603', 'G05.627'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.180.625', 'D12.776.664.224.550', 'G05.360.160.180.625']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Experience with silastic gel sheeting in pediatric scarring.
|
Silicone gel sheeting was applied to five hypertrophic scars on five pediatric outpatients at an acute care pediatric hospital. After silicone gel application, three of the five scars showed initial positive results including reduction in the scar size, reduction in the scar thickness, softening of the scar, a decrease in vascularity of the scar, and more uniform pigmentation. Many negative results including rash, skin breakdown, cessation of scar responsiveness, problems with the gel sheet application, and poor durability were documented. Preliminary results indicate that topical silicone gel application is not a viable treatment option for the control of hypertrophic scarring with a pediatric population.
|
['Administration, Topical', 'Burns', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cicatrix, Hypertrophic', 'Female', 'Gels', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Silicones', 'Skin Transplantation']
| 8,150,846
|
[['E02.319.267.120'], ['C26.200'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['A10.165.450.300.125', 'C23.550.355.274.505'], ['D20.280.320', 'D26.255.165.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.756.650.700', 'D05.750.900.850', 'D25.720.900.850', 'J01.637.051.720.900.850'], ['E02.095.147.725.700', 'E04.680.275.850', 'E04.936.580.700']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Near Simultaneous Laser Scanning Confocal and Atomic Force Microscopy (Conpokal) on Live Cells.
|
Techniques available for micro- and nano-scale mechanical characterization have exploded in the last few decades. From further development of the scanning and transmission electron microscope, to the invention of atomic force microscopy, and advances in fluorescent imaging, there have been substantial gains in technologies that enable the study of small materials. Conpokal is a portmanteau that combines confocal microscopy with atomic force microscopy (AFM), where a probe "pokes" the surface. Although each technique is extremely effective for the qualitative and/or quantitative image collection on their own, Conpokal provides the capability to test with blended fluorescence imaging and mechanical characterization. Designed for near simultaneous confocal imaging and atomic force probing, Conpokal facilitates experimentation on live microbiological samples. The added insight from paired instrumentation provides co-localization of measured mechanical properties (e.g., elastic modulus, adhesion, surface roughness) by AFM with subcellular components or activity observable through confocal microscopy. This work provides a step by step protocol for the operation of laser scanning confocal and atomic force microscopy, simultaneously, to achieve same cell, same region, confocal imaging, and mechanical characterization.
|
['Cell Survival', 'Enterococcus faecalis', 'Fluorescence', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Humans', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Microscopy, Atomic Force', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Streptococcus mutans']
| 32,865,532
|
[['G04.346'], ['B03.353.750.250.250.280', 'B03.510.550.250.250.280'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665.500', 'G01.590.540.665.500'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['E01.370.350.515.666.400', 'E05.595.666.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.875.520', 'B03.510.400.800.872.875.520', 'B03.510.550.737.872.875.520']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Echocardiographic diastolic dysfunction and magnetic resonance infarct size in healed myocardial infarction treated with primary angioplasty.
|
BACKGROUND: After acute myocardial infarction (MI) the severity of diastolic dysfunction by echocardiography represents an independent prognostic marker. However, the mechanisms whereby diastolic dysfunction portends an increased risk after MI are not fully understood. We investigated the relationship between echocardiographic diastolic dysfunction severity and infarct size quantitatively measured by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (ce-MR).METHODS: Cross-sectional prospective study. We quantified "healed" infarct size by ce-MR measuring the percentage of delayed enhancement with respect to left ventricular mass and diastolic function by Doppler echocardiography. Both exams were scheduled at least 1 month after a first acute ST segment elevation MI (STEMI) successfully treated with primary angioplasty and stenting. To increase the specificity, individual echocardiographic parameters were integrated to grade global diastolic function in 4 grades: normal diastolic function, impaired relaxation with normal, or near-normal filling pressures; impaired relaxation with moderate elevation of filling pressures, and impaired relaxation with marked elevation of filling pressures, "restrictive filling."RESULTS: We prospectively enrolled 52 patients (mean age 62 +/- 13 years, 77% men). ce-MR and echocardiography were performed 48 +/- 15 days after the MI. There was a significant but modest correlation between diastolic function grade and infarct size (r = 0.423, P = 0.002), which was independent of global and regional systolic function and persisted after further adjustment for age, sex, body surface area, left ventricular mass, end-diastolic volumes, and sphericity index (all P < 0.05). Among single echocardiographic variables, infarct size correlated best with tissue Doppler velocities Em (r =-0.307, P = 0.03), Am (r =-0.39, P = 0.005), and flow propagation velocity (r =-0.34, P = 0.015).CONCLUSIONS: In healed STEMI successfully treated with primary angioplasty and stenting, diastolic function grade was independently albeit weakly correlated with infarct size. Therefore, the increased risk of diastolic dysfunction after MI is not fully explained by infarct size.
|
['Angioplasty, Balloon', 'Contrast Media', 'Echocardiography', 'Female', 'Gadolinium', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Prognosis', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Ventricular Dysfunction, Left']
| 18,422,674
|
[['E02.148.050.060', 'E04.100.814.529.124.060', 'E04.502.382.124.060', 'E05.157.016.060'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['D01.268.558.362.484', 'D01.552.550.399.484'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C14.280.945.900']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Further followup: (Part IV) A case of acute loss of binocular vision and stereoscopic depth perception.
|
(Combined case report followup) This is a continuation of a personal report by a knowledgeable vision scientist, of the loss of binocular vision due to a major vitreous hemorrhage. Please see the initial report for further details. (Romano PE. A case of acute loss of binocular vision and stereoscopic depth perception. (The misery of acute monovision, having been binocular for 68 years) Binocul Vis Strabismus Q 2003; 18:51-55; and followup Binocul Vis Strabismus Q 2003; 18:101-103, Binocul Vis Strabismus Q 2003; 18:174-175. This report covers months nine and ten following the hemorrhage. In the two months since the last report, Visual acuity continues to improve to 20/20 with correction, one line less than the fellow eye. Residual ring shaped floaters only occasionally interfere with visual function which is normal now for virtually all extents and purposes. The previously reported observation that binocular ocular sighting dominance is gaze dependent is confirmed by prior recently published research: Khan AZ, Crawford JD. Ocular dominance reverses as a function of horizontal gaze angle. Vision Research 2001; 41:1743-1748.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Aged', 'Depth Perception', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Perceptual Disorders', 'Vision Disorders', 'Vision, Binocular', 'Visual Acuity', 'Vitreous Hemorrhage']
| 14,653,778
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F02.463.593.200', 'F02.463.593.778.255'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.597.606.762', 'C23.888.592.604.764', 'F01.700.750'], ['C10.597.751.941', 'C11.966', 'C23.888.592.763.941'], ['F02.463.593.932.885'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940'], ['C11.290.960', 'C23.550.414.756.887']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Unique features in the C-terminal domain provide caltractin with target specificity.
|
Caltractin (centrin) is a member of the calmodulin (CaM) superfamily of EF-hand calcium-binding proteins. It is an essential component of the centrosomal structures in a wide range of organisms. Caltractin and calmodulin apparently function in distinct calcium signaling pathways despite substantial sequence similarity. In an effort to understand the structural basis for such differences, the high-resolution three-dimensional solution structure of the complex between the Ca(2+)-activated C-terminal domain of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii caltractin (CRC-C) and a 19 residue peptide fragment comprising the putative cdc31p-binding region of Kar1p (K(19)) has been determined by multi-dimensional heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy. Formation of the complex is calcium-dependent and is stabilized by extensive interactions between CRC-C and three key hydrophobic anchors (Trp10, Leu13 and Leu14) in the peptide as well as favorable electrostatic interactions at the protein-peptide interface. In-depth comparisons have been made to the structure of the complex of Ca(2+)-activated calmodulin and R(20), the CaM-binding domain of smooth muscle myosin light-chain kinase. Although the overall structures of CRC and CaM domains in their respective complexes are very similar, differences in critical regions in the sequences of these proteins and their targets lead to clear differences in the complementarity of their respective binding surfaces. These subtle differences reveal the structural basis for the Ca(2+)-dependent regulation of distinct cellular signaling events by CRC and CaM.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'Calcium-Binding Proteins', 'Calmodulin', 'Cell Cycle Proteins', 'Chlamydomonas reinhardtii', 'Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone', 'Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions', 'Macromolecular Substances', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Myosin-Light-Chain Kinase', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Protein Conformation', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Static Electricity', 'Substrate Specificity']
| 12,842,464
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D12.776.157.125'], ['D12.644.360.372.249', 'D12.776.157.125.412.249', 'D12.776.476.387.249'], ['D12.776.167'], ['B01.650.940.150.385.650'], ['D12.776.660.235', 'D12.776.664.235'], ['G02.409'], ['D05'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['E05.599.595'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.125.500', 'D12.644.360.100.500', 'D12.776.476.100.500'], ['D12.776.660'], ['D12.644.541'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['G01.358.500.249.820'], ['G02.111.835']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The Impact of Drying of Wild-Growing Mushrooms on the Content and Antioxidant Capacity of Water- Soluble Polysaccharides.
|
Water-soluble polysaccharides (WSPs) were isolated from freeze-dried and hot-air-dried fruiting bodies of five wild-growing edible species: Armillaria mellea, Lactarius deliciosus, Leccinum aurantiacum, Suillus luteus, and Boletus badius. The concentrations of WSPs ranged from 36.3 ± 0.7 mg/g dw to 105.9 ± 3.9 mg/g dw. The method of drying substantially affected the quantity of WSP. The loss of WSP depended on species and varied between ~ 19% and ~ 48%. The extracted WSP contained varied amounts of carbohydrate, protein, and phenolics. The samples exerted antioxidant properties measured with the 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) assay (11.5 ± 2.0 to 38.4 ± 3.6 ìmol Trolox/g dw) and the Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay (9.1 ± 1.3 to 40.6 ± 1.4 ìmol Trolox/g dw). In most cases, hot-air drying slightly increased the antioxidant potential of WSP.
|
['Agaricales', 'Antioxidants', 'Basidiomycota', 'Desiccation', 'Freezing', 'Fruiting Bodies, Fungal', 'Hot Temperature', 'Polysaccharides', 'Water']
| 31,002,634
|
[['B01.300.179.100'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['B01.300.179'], ['E05.196.335', 'G02.176'], ['G01.645.500', 'G01.906.595.272.437', 'G02.734.466'], ['A19.374'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['D09.698'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Hsp90 is cleaved by reactive oxygen species at a highly conserved N-terminal amino acid motif.
|
Hsp90 is an essential chaperone that is necessary for the folding, stability and activity of numerous proteins. In this study, we demonstrate that free radicals formed during oxidative stress conditions can cleave Hsp90. This cleavage occurs through a Fenton reaction which requires the presence of redox-active iron. As a result of the cleavage, we observed a disruption of the chaperoning function of Hsp90 and the degradation of its client proteins, for example, Bcr-Abl, RIP, c-Raf, NEMO and hTert. Formation of Hsp90 protein radicals on exposure to oxidative stress was confirmed by immuno-spin trapping. Using a proteomic analysis, we determined that the cleavage occurs in a conserved motif of the N-terminal nucleotide binding site, between Ile-126 and Gly-127 in Hsp90â, and between Ile-131 and Gly-132 in Hsp90á. Given the importance of Hsp90 in diverse biological functions, these findings shed new light on how oxidative stress can affect cellular homeostasis.
|
['Amino Acid Motifs', 'HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins', 'Homeostasis', 'Humans', 'Iron', 'K562 Cells', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Proteolysis', 'Reactive Oxygen Species']
| 22,848,402
|
[['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500', 'G02.111.570.820.709.600.500'], ['D12.776.580.216.380'], ['G07.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['A11.251.210.190.510', 'A11.251.860.180.510', 'A11.443.240.497.480'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['G02.111.720', 'G03.812'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Assessing the chemical and biological diversity of an ion channels knowledge database.
|
The aim of the present work is to assess the chemical and biological diversity of ligands reported in scientific articles or patents to be active against ion channels targets. A specific query of the AurSCOPE Ion Channel knowledge database was constructed to retrieve a set of the most active non-peptide ligands tested in binding or electrophysiology experiments against all ion channel families. A biological activity threshold cutoff expressed by K(i), IC(50), or EC(50) was set to 300 nM. This activity cutoff was selected such that we would retrieve a set of compounds, which contain the most active ligands for all target families, but is a reasonable number to analyze. To encode the chemical space for the entire active dataset (9897 molecules), ChemAxon's chemical fingerprints were computed and optimized and then employed to cluster the dataset at a variety of different similarity thresholds. Concurrently, the exploration of the biological space was performed by associating with each chemical cluster the corresponding target or target family. Tri-dimensional visualization of different voltage- and ligand-gated ion channel families projected into the active chemical space was obtained after a principal components analysis performed using selected molecular descriptors. The findings presented herein give a global picture of the realm of ion channels active ligands and link the knowledge on chemical structures with their respective biological activities.
|
['Animals', 'Cluster Analysis', 'Databases, Factual', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Design', 'Humans', 'Ion Channels', 'Ligands', 'Membrane Transport Modulators', 'Molecular Structure', 'Principal Component Analysis', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 18,708,748
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E05.290.500', 'H01.158.703.007.338.500', 'H01.181.466.338.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.157.530.400', 'D12.776.543.550.450', 'D12.776.543.585.400'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['D27.505.519.562'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['E05.318.740.562'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Reduction of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines after 6 months of interferon beta-1a treatment of multiple sclerosis.
|
Treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) with interferon beta (IFNbeta) reduces relapse rate, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) activity and progression of disability. It has been suggested that this beneficial effect is paralleled by an inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines such as interferon gamma (IFNgamma) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) and an induction of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10). In this study, we record a reduced number of spontaneously IFNgamma mRNA-expressing cerebrospinal fluid mononuclear cells (CSF-MC) and IFNgamma, TNFalpha and IL-10 mRNA-expressing peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) after 6 months of IFNbeta-1a treatment, paralleled by a decreased purified protein derivate (PPD)-stimulated and unstimulated IFNgamma secretion by PBMC. These effects were not apparent after 2 weeks of treatment, and IFNbeta-1a induced IFNgamma production by naive PBMC in vitro. We did not record increased numbers of IL-4 mRNA-expressing CSF-MC or PBMC, increased plasma IL-10 levels, increased numbers of IgG, A or M secreting plasma cells or in vitro induction of IL-10 production by IFNbeta-1a. We conclude that long-term cytokine modulation by IFNbeta-1a differs from acute effects and that downregulation of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, rather than a shift in the cytokine profile, is apparent after 6 months of IFNbeta-1a treatment of MS patients.
|
['Adjuvants, Immunologic', 'Adult', 'Cell Count', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cerebrospinal Fluid', 'Cytokines', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Down-Regulation', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Interferon beta-1a', 'Interferon-beta', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Leukocytes, Mononuclear', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Tuberculin']
| 10,696,916
|
[['D27.505.696.477.067'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['A11.251'], ['A12.207.270.210'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890.275.500', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890.275.500', 'D23.529.374.440.890.275.500'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890.275', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890.275', 'D23.529.374.440.890.275'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['A11.118.637.555', 'A15.145.229.637.555', 'A15.382.490.555'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.114.375.500.600', 'C10.314.350.500.600', 'C20.111.258.250.500.600'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D23.050.161.845']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Chorionic gonadotropin secretion is associated with an inhibition of follicular growth and an improvement in oocyte competence for in vitro maturation in the mare.
|
This study reports the follicular growth and oocyte competence for in vitro maturation and fertilization under the influence of circulating eCG. Three to 7 successive ultrasound-guided follicular punctures were performed on 4 pregnant mares from Day 23 until Day 75 of pregnancy and on 5 control mares whose embryonic vesicle was crushed on Day 22. All follicles larger than 5 mm were punctured 24 h after the largest follicle reached 18 mm. Expanded cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were stained at recovery to analyze the nuclear stage. Compact COCs were cultured in vitro for 46 h and either stained or processed for in vitro fertilization (IVF) and stained 26 h after IVF. In the control group, no mares showed an increase in eCG levels, whereas all the pregnant mares had concentrations higher than 100 ng/ml from Day 37. The number of follicles flushed during each puncture attempt significantly decreased with time for 3 of 4 pregnant mares. No significant change in this number was observed for the 5 control mares. The maturation rate of the oocytes from follicles 10-14 mm was significantly higher in the pregnant vs. the control group (14 of 17, 82%, vs. 13 of 30, 43%). The difference was not significant for the oocytes from follicles smaller than 9 mm or larger than 15 mm. After IVF, no oocyte was fertilized. The results led us to conclude that eCG is associated with an inhibition of follicular growth and an improvement in oocyte competence for in vitro maturation.
|
['Animals', 'Chorionic Gonadotropin', 'Estrogens', 'Female', 'Fertilization in Vitro', 'Horses', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Oocytes', 'Ovarian Follicle', 'Pregnancy', 'Progesterone', 'Punctures']
| 9,510,964
|
[['B01.050'], ['D06.472.699.322.326', 'D06.472.699.649.367', 'D12.644.548.726.367', 'D12.776.780.400'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.277'], ['E02.875.800.750', 'E05.820.800.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472'], ['E05.481'], ['A05.360.490.690.680', 'A11.497.497.600'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.535', 'A06.300.312.497.535'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750'], ['E02.800', 'E04.665']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Utilisation of biochar and superabsorbent polymers for soil amendment.
|
The application of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) and/or biochars to stressed lands offer solutions to several critical ecological, energy and economic challenges posed by degraded lands due to human activities. These substances are like, 'artificial humus' as they are hydrophilic and contain carboxylic groups (SAPs) which enable them to bind cations and water and sequester carbon from air to reverse global warming (biochars). Several research studies using these substances point to their ability to increase the plant-available water in the soil which enables the plants to survive longer with water shortage, increase soil fertility and agricultural yields, improve soil structure, aeration and water penetration, reduce use of synthetic fertilisers and pesticides, reduce nitrous oxide and methane emission from soil, reduce nitrate and farm chemicals leaching into watersheds, convert green and brown wastes into valuable resources, and reduce the evapotranspiration rate of the plants. SAPs and biochars induce a significantly higher growth rate in plants; they bind heavy metals and mitigate their action on plants as well as mitigate the effects of salinity. This paper reviews what is known about these claims and considers the wider environmental implications of the adoption of these processess. The intention is not just to summarise the current knowledge but also to identify gaps that require further research.
|
['Agriculture', 'Carbon', 'Charcoal', 'Environmental Restoration and Remediation', 'Humans', 'Metals, Heavy', 'Nitrates', 'Pesticides', 'Plants', 'Soil', 'Soil Pollutants', 'Water']
| 23,738,439
|
[['J01.040'], ['D01.268.150'], ['D01.268.150.150'], ['N06.230.080.600', 'N06.850.460.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.556', 'D01.552.544'], ['D01.248.497.158.606', 'D01.625.525.550', 'D02.583'], ['D27.720.031.700', 'D27.888.723'], ['B01.650'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['D27.888.284.756'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Decision support tool for used oil regeneration technologies assessment and selection.
|
Regeneration is the most efficient way of managing used oil. It saves money by preventing costly cleanups and liabilities that are associated with mismanagement of used oil, it helps to protect the environment and it produces a technically renewable resource by enabling an indefinite recycling potential. There are a variety of processes and licensors currently offering ways to deal with used oils. Selecting a regeneration technology for used oil involves "cross-matching" key criteria. Therefore, the first prototype of spent oil regeneration (SPORE), a decision support tool, has been developed to help decision-makers to assess the available technologies and select the preferred used oil regeneration options. The analysis is based on technical, economical and environmental criteria. These criteria are ranked to determine their relative importance for a particular used oil regeneration project. The multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is the core of the SPORE using the PROMETHEE II algorithm.
|
['Algorithms', 'Conservation of Natural Resources', 'Decision Support Techniques', 'Internet', 'Oils', 'Petroleum', 'Programming Languages', 'Software', 'Waste Disposal, Fluid', 'Water Pollution', 'Water Purification', 'Water Supply']
| 16,647,207
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['J01.256', 'N06.230.080'], ['E05.245', 'L01.313.500.750.190'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['D10.627'], ['D20.345.630', 'N06.230.132.258.630'], ['L01.224.900.780'], ['L01.224.900'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900'], ['N06.850.460.790'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.900.900', 'N06.850.860.510.900.900'], ['J01.293.821.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Structural characterization of impurities in pioglitazone.
|
In the pioglitazone bulk drug three prominent impurities I-III were detected up to concentrations of 0.1% (ranging from 0.05-0.1%) by reversed phase HPLC. These impurities were isolated from enriched mother liquor samples and characterized as 5-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione (I) 5-(4-fluorobenzyl)-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione (II), 2-[2-(4-bromophenoxy) ethyl-5-ethyl pyridine (III) based on their 1H, and 13C NMR, DEPT, Mass and IR spectral data. Structure elucidation and synthesis of these impurities is discussed.
|
['Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Drug Contamination', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Pioglitazone', 'Spectrophotometry, Infrared', 'Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared', 'Thiazolidinediones']
| 15,587,582
|
[['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['N06.850.360'], ['D27.505.696.422'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['E05.196.566'], ['D02.886.675.933.250', 'D03.383.129.708.933.250'], ['E05.196.712.726.676', 'E05.196.867.826.676'], ['E05.196.712.726.676.700', 'E05.196.867.826.676.700'], ['D02.886.675.933', 'D03.383.129.708.933']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Insulin preincubation effects on rat vessel contractile responses: role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
|
In the present work, we studied the possible mechanisms involved in the insulin-induced acceleration of ET1 contractions. We observed a shortening of the half-life needed to achieve maximal developed force (t(1/2)) at 10(-7) M ET1 in rat aortic rings preincubated for 120 min with 3 nM insulin (control 380 +/- 15 s vs. 319 +/- 8 s with insulin, n = 28, p < 0.05). A tyrosine kinase linked receptor was involved in this effect because it was abolished by 30 microM genistein. Endothelium denudation and 10 microM indomethacin treatment did not effect this insulin effect, suggesting its independence of endothelial-derived factors. The effect was still present when the only source of Ca2+ was intracellular (t(1/2) values in the absence of external Ca2+: control 467 +/- 68 s vs. 213 +/- 28 s with insulin, n = 16, p < 0.05), but was blunted if the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ source was suppressed by exposure to 10 microM thapsigargin or 10 microM ryanodine. Preincubation with insulin did not potentiate either SR 45Ca2+ uptake or contractions evoked by caffeine-sensitive SR Ca2+ release. Since 30 microM cheleritrine abolished insulin-induced acceleration of ET1 contractions, we propose that the hormone might enhance a signal pathway related to PKC in order to produce a faster Ca2+ release from the SR.
|
['Animals', 'Aorta', 'Caffeine', 'Calcium', 'Endothelin-1', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Hyperinsulinism', 'Insulin', 'Male', 'Protein Kinase C', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Sarcoplasmic Reticulum', 'Vasoconstriction']
| 11,824,480
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056'], ['D03.132.960.175', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.175'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D12.644.276.400.225', 'D12.776.467.400.225', 'D23.529.400.225'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['C18.452.394.968'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.725'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['A10.690.552.500.500.850', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.248.310.800'], ['G09.330.380.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The generation of lucigenin chemiluminescence from the reaction of guanidino compounds with phenylglyoxal under alkaline conditions and its application.
|
It is shown that o-carboxyphenylglyoxal, which is converted from ninhydrin by alkali, produces a chemiluminescent lucigenin reaction under alkaline conditions when with reacted with guanidino compounds. It is also demonstrated that phenylglyoxal, which is a model compound of o-carboxyphenylglyoxal, produces a strong chemiluminescent lucigenin reaction under alkaline conditions when reacted with guanidino compounds. Moreover, ESR spectra showed the presence of 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO)-spin adducts of superoxide anions in a mixture of phenylglyoxal and guanidino compounds under alkaline conditions. It was confirmed that the superoxide anions were generated by the reaction of phenylglyoxal with guanidino compounds under alkaline conditions, thereby causing lucigenin chemiluminescence. The chemiluminescent reaction of lucigenin in a mixture of phenylglyoxal and the guanidino compounds was applied to HPLC for guanidino compounds. The present chemiluminescence-HPLC system has a 2-fold greater sensitivity than chemiluminescence-HPLC using ninhydrin. Arginine, guanidine and methylguanidine were detected in serum from a hemodialysis patient with chronic renal failure.
|
['Acridines', 'Guanidines', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Luminescence', 'Molecular Structure', 'Phenylglyoxal', 'Reactive Oxygen Species']
| 19,571,414
|
[['D03.633.300.046'], ['D02.078.370'], ['G02.300'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665', 'G01.590.540.665', 'G01.750.250.650.665', 'G01.750.770.578.665'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D02.047.644.620'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Kupffer cell hyperplasia in rats intoxicated by carbon tetrachloride as demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy.
|
Kupffer cells were observed and counted by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to demonstrate rat Kupffer cell hyperplasia after carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) intoxication. Kupffer cell number per 0.1 mm2 of the periportal zone (65.0 +/- 4.2) was 1.6 times of that of the central zone (41.8 +/- 4.5) in normal rats (P less than 0.001). Kupffer cell number per mm3 of normal rat liver was about 16,500. Kupffer cells did not increase until 24 hours after CCl4 administration. However, at 48 hours, when hepatocytes showed necrosis in the central zone. Kupffer cells proliferated 1.7 times of control rats in the periportal zone and 5.2 times in the central zone. The present SEM study also disclosed surface changes of Kupffer cells after CCl4 administration. At 6 to 24 hours, ruffles, blebs and microvillous projections reduced in many Kupffer cells. At 48 hours, Kupffer cells became to have numerous long filopodia and microvillous projections and the cells were frequently connected with each other by filopodia. Several Kupffer cells and lymphocytes composed mesenchymal conglomerates in some places of the central necrotic zone. In conclusion, the present SEM study demonstrated predominant perilobular population of Kupffer cells in normal rats and Kupffer cell hyperplasia after CCl4 intoxication.
|
['Animals', 'Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning', 'Cell Count', 'Cell Division', 'Hyperplasia', 'Kupffer Cells', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Time Factors']
| 7,173,570
|
[['B01.050'], ['C25.723.177'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['C23.550.444'], ['A11.329.372.588', 'A11.627.482.588', 'A11.733.397.588', 'A15.382.670.522.588', 'A15.382.680.397.588'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Relation between body mass, body height and the blood picture to vital capacity in students exposed to air pollution].
|
The authors examined the relationship between body mass, body height, haemogram and vital capacity in two groups of pupils exposed to long aeropollution. The first group consisted of children with low vital capacity. In the second group the spirometric test was normal. The authors found differences between these two groups in relation to body mass and hemoglobin concentration.
|
['Adolescent', 'Air Pollution', 'Body Height', 'Body Weight', 'Child', 'Erythrocyte Count', 'Female', 'Hematocrit', 'Hemoglobins', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Vital Capacity']
| 1,792,577
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['N06.850.460.100'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160.100', 'E05.041.124.160.500', 'G07.100.100.160.100', 'G07.345.249.314.100'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.330', 'E01.370.225.625.107.330', 'E05.200.500.195.107.330', 'E05.200.625.107.330', 'E05.242.195.107.330', 'G04.140.107.330', 'G09.188.105.330'], ['E01.370.225.625.400', 'E05.200.625.400', 'G09.188.370.374'], ['D12.776.124.400', 'D12.776.422.316.762'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.386.700.485.750.900', 'G09.772.850.970']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Extracellular vesicle‑delivered miR‑505‑5p, as a diagnostic biomarker of early lung adenocarcinoma, inhibits cell apoptosis by targeting TP53AIP1.
|
Lung adenocarcinoma (LA) is the most commonly occurring histological type of non‑small cell lung cancer. Diagnosis and treatment of LA remain a major clinical challenge. In the present study, to identify early LA biomarkers, extracellular vesicles (EVs) were separated from the plasma samples from 153 patients with LA and 75 healthy controls. microRNA (miRNA) expression profiling was performed at the screening stage (5 patients with LA vs. 5 controls), followed by verification at the validation stage (40 patients with LA vs. 20 controls) using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR). The four disordered miRNAs (miR‑505‑5p, miR‑486‑3p, miR‑486‑3p and miR‑382‑3p) identified in the plasma EVs were further evaluated at the testing stage (108 patients with LA vs. 50 controls) by RT‑qPCR. It was revealed that miR‑505‑5p was upregulated, whereas miR‑382‑3p was downregulated, in the EVs from patients with LA. Furthermore, miR‑505‑5p was also upregulated in tumor tissues, compared with adjacent non‑tumor control tissues. Subsequently, the direct targets of miR‑505‑5p were predicted using bioinformatics analyses, and verified by luciferase assay and immunoblotting. The present study determined that miR‑505‑5p functions as an oncogene, promoting lung cancer cell proliferation and inhibiting cancer cell apoptosis via the targeting of tumor protein P53‑regulated apoptosis‑inducing protein 1 (TP53AIP1). Finally, it was confirmed that miR‑505‑5p in plasma EVs could be delivered to lung cancer cells, inhibiting cell apoptosis and promoting cell proliferation by targeting TP53AIP1. In conclusion, the present study indicated that miRNA‑505‑5p functions as an oncogene that may be used as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of LA.
|
['A549 Cells', 'Adenocarcinoma of Lung', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Apoptosis', 'Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Coculture Techniques', 'Early Detection of Cancer', 'Extracellular Vesicles', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'MicroRNAs', 'Middle Aged', 'Up-Regulation']
| 30,864,684
|
[['A11.251.210.190.080', 'A11.251.860.180.080', 'A11.436.054'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.022', 'C04.588.894.797.520.055'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D12.644.360.075', 'D12.776.476.075'], ['D23.101.140'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['E05.481.500.374'], ['E01.390.500'], ['A11.284.295.588'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Genome sequencing defines phylogeny and spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a high transmission setting.
|
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of nosocomial infection. Whole-genome sequencing of MRSA has been used to define phylogeny and transmission in well-resourced healthcare settings, yet the greatest burden of nosocomial infection occurs in resource-restricted settings where barriers to transmission are lower. Here, we study the flux and genetic diversity of MRSA on ward and individual patient levels in a hospital where transmission was common. We repeatedly screened all patients on two intensive care units for MRSA carriage over a 3-mo period. All MRSA belonged to multilocus sequence type 239 (ST 239). We defined the population structure and charted the spread of MRSA by sequencing 79 isolates from 46 patients and five members of staff, including the first MRSA-positive screen isolates and up to two repeat isolates where available. Phylogenetic analysis identified a flux of distinct ST 239 clades over time in each intensive care unit. In total, five main clades were identified, which varied in the carriage of plasmids encoding antiseptic and antimicrobial resistance determinants. Sequence data confirmed intra- and interwards transmission events and identified individual patients who were colonized by more than one clade. One patient on each unit was the source of numerous transmission events, and deep sampling of one of these cases demonstrated colonization with a "cloud" of related MRSA variants. The application of whole-genome sequencing and analysis provides novel insights into the transmission of MRSA in under-resourced healthcare settings and has relevance to wider global health.
|
['Adult', 'Bacterial Typing Techniques', 'Child', 'Computational Biology', 'Cross Infection', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Disease Outbreaks', 'High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing', 'Humans', 'Linear Models', 'Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus', 'Phylogeny', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Prospective Studies', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Staphylococcal Infections']
| 25,491,771
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.875.150.125', 'E05.200.875.150.125'], ['M01.060.406'], ['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['C01.248', 'C23.550.291.875.500'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['N06.850.290'], ['E05.393.760.319'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100.500', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100.500', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100.500', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100.500'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['C01.150.252.410.868']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Positive findings in preoperative testing prior to gastric banding: their real value.
|
AIM: Relations between laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB), gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and hiatal hernia (HH) are controversial. In this context the role of preoperative investigations to assess upper gastrointestinal (GI) function and its impact on the approach to LAGB and outcomes remains unclear. The aim was to define the value of preoperative upper GI testing, and to relate the findings with postoperative outcomes.METHODS: Seventy-eight cases were enrolled among 250 patients undergoing LAGB from January 2010 to December 2011 in our Center for the Multidisciplinary treatment of severe obesity. Patients were submitted preoperatively to endoscopy and radiologic series with oral contrast to assess the state of upper GI mucosa, the presence of HH, GER or cardias incontinence. According to the findings, patients were assigned to group A, if one or both exams showed positive results; or to the control group B if both exams were negative.RESULTS: GI series showed GER in 14.1% of patients, HH in 6.4%, altered motility in 5.1%, gastritis in 3.1%and were negative in 75.6%. Endoscopy showed gastritis in 71.8%of patients, HH in 30.8%, esophagitis in 7.7%, duodenitis in 7.7%, LES incontinence in 8%; while only 21.8% of patients had a negative exam. Differences between group A and B are not statistically significant in terms of pre- and post-operative BMI, EBWL%, long-term complications, time and number of regulations.CONCLUSION: Positive findings in preoperative testing rarely postpone or change the surgical approach and postoperative outcomes. Our results encourage the omission of upper GI series from routine evaluation protocol prior to LAGB.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Gastroplasty', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity, Morbid', 'Preoperative Care', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 24,193,284
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E02.650.500.062.750', 'E04.062.750', 'E04.210.485'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500.700', 'C23.888.144.699.500.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500.500'], ['E02.760.795', 'E04.604.750', 'N02.421.585.795'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Residual powders from Shochu distillation remnants induce apoptosis in human hepatoma cells via the caspase-independent pathway.
|
Shochu distillation remnants (SDR) are by-products in the manufacturing process of the Japanese liquor Shochu and include various useful organic compounds derived from the fermentation of grains. We have obtained valuable powder (PSDR) from freeze-dried SDR by the treatment with ethanol. In this study, we examined the anticancer effects of barley-, rice-, and sweet potato-PSDR against HepG2 and HuH-7 cells of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in vitro. All PSDR inhibited the growth of both these HCC cells through the induction of apoptosis. Especially, barley-PSDR was the most effective for the growth inhibition and apoptosis induction of HCC cells of all PSDR. We next examined the apoptotic mechanisms induced by barley-PSDR. Decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and release of cytochrome c from mitochondria were observed in HCC cells after the treatment with barley-PSDR. Furthermore, barley-PSDR induced the nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) from mitochondria, while it did not significantly affect the activities of caspase-3, -8, and -9. The results suggested that barley-PSDR induced apoptosis against HCC cells via the caspase-independent mitochondrial pathway. The findings in this study suggest that PSDR has the possibility of therapeutic and/or preventive agents of HCC.
|
['Active Transport, Cell Nucleus', 'Apoptosis', 'Apoptosis Inducing Factor', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Caspases', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cytochromes c', 'Distillation', 'Hep G2 Cells', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial', 'Mitochondria', 'Powders']
| 22,560,085
|
[['G03.143.310.100', 'G03.143.700.100'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D08.811.682.608.047', 'D12.644.360.075.311', 'D12.776.157.687.063', 'D12.776.331.161', 'D12.776.476.075.311', 'D12.776.660.720.063'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126', 'D12.644.360.075.405', 'D12.776.476.075.405'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['D08.244.286.100', 'D12.776.422.220.286.100'], ['E05.196.155.249'], ['A11.251.860.180.432', 'A11.436.348.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['G03.295.770.500', 'G04.580.550', 'G07.265.675.550'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['D26.255.779']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Chronic pain states: their relationship to impairment and disability.
|
Chronic pain patients (101) were assigned ratings of impairment and disability and were assessed for organic pathology and pain behavior through comprehensive testing procedures. As predicted, higher ratings of impairment and disability were significantly associated with higher levels of both physical pathology and pain behaviors. These results indicate that conditioning and pathologic processes significantly influence impairment and disability ratings. Many patients showed higher disability than impairment ratings, which suggests the possibility of gainful employment in less demanding jobs. However, the current disability system rewards sickness and dysfunction and discourages patients from resuming work.
|
['Adult', 'Behavior Therapy', 'Chronic Disease', 'Disability Evaluation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Models, Biological', 'Pain']
| 496,602
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Systems Thinking and Leadership: How Nephrologists Can Transform Dialysis Safety to Prevent Infections.
|
Infections are the second leading cause of death for patients with ESKD. Despite multiple efforts, nephrologists have been unable to prevent infections in dialysis facilities. The American Society of Nephrology and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have partnered to create Nephrologists Transforming Dialysis Safety to promote nephrologist leadership and engagement in efforts to "Target Zero" preventable dialysis infections. Because traditional approaches to infection control and prevention in dialysis facilities have had limited success, Nephrologists Transforming Dialysis Safety is reconceptualizing the problem in the context of the complexity of health care systems and organizational behavior. By identifying different parts of a problem and attempting to understand how these parts interact and produce a result, systems thinking has effectively tackled difficult problems in dynamic settings. The dialysis facility is composed of different physical and human elements that are interconnected and affect not only behavior but also, the existence of a culture of safety that promotes infection prevention. Because dialysis infections result from a complex system of interactions between caregivers, patients, dialysis organizations, and the environment, attempts to address infections by focusing on one element in isolation often fail. Creating a sense of urgency and commitment to eradicating dialysis infections requires leadership and motivational skills. These skills are not taught in the standard nephrology or medical director curriculum. Effective leadership by medical directors and engagement in infection prevention by nephrologists are required to create a culture of safety. It is imperative that nephrologists commit to leadership training and embrace their potential as change agents to prevent infections in dialysis facilities. This paper explores the systemic factors contributing to the ongoing dialysis infection crisis in the United States and the role of nephrologists in instilling a culture of safety in which infections can be anticipated and prevented.
|
['Ambulatory Care Facilities', 'Humans', 'Infection Control', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Leadership', 'Motivation', 'Nephrology', 'Organizational Culture', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Systems Analysis']
| 29,567,864
|
[['N02.278.035'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.850.780.200.450'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['F01.752.609'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['H02.403.429.580'], ['N04.452.606'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['L01.906']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Mutation of a zinc-binding residue in the glycine receptor á1 subunit changes ethanol sensitivity in vitro and alcohol consumption in vivo.
|
Ethanol is a widely used drug, yet an understanding of its sites and mechanisms of action remains incomplete. Among the protein targets of ethanol are glycine receptors (GlyRs), which are potentiated by millimolar concentrations of ethanol. In addition, zinc ions also modulate GlyR function, and recent evidence suggests that physiologic concentrations of zinc enhance ethanol potentiation of GlyRs. Here, we first built a homology model of a zinc-bound GlyR using the D80 position as a coordination site for a zinc ion. Next, we investigated in vitro the effects of zinc on ethanol action at recombinant wild-type (WT) and mutant á1 GlyRs containing the D80A substitution, which eliminates zinc potentiation. At D80A GlyRs, the effects of 50 and 200 mM ethanol were reduced as compared with WT receptors. Also, in contrast to what was seen with WT GlyRs, neither adding nor chelating zinc changed the magnitude of ethanol enhancement of mutant D80A receptors. Next, we evaluated the in vivo effects of the D80A substitution by using heterozygous Glra1(D80A) knock-in (KI) mice. The KI mice showed decreased ethanol consumption and preference, and they displayed increased startle responses compared with their WT littermates. Other behavioral tests, including ethanol-induced motor incoordination and strychnine-induced convulsions, revealed no differences between the KI and WT mice. Together, our findings indicate that zinc is critical in determining the effects of ethanol at GlyRs and suggest that zinc binding at the D80 position may be important for mediating some of the behavioral effects of ethanol action at GlyRs.
|
['Acoustic Stimulation', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Amino Acid Substitution', 'Animals', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Binding Sites', 'Electrophysiological Phenomena', 'Ethanol', 'Female', 'Gene Knock-In Techniques', 'Homozygote', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Mutant Strains', 'Models, Molecular', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Oocytes', 'Point Mutation', 'Receptors, Glycine', 'Reflex, Righting', 'Reflex, Startle', 'Rotarod Performance Test', 'Strychnine', 'Transfection', 'Xenopus laevis', 'Zinc']
| 23,230,213
|
[['E02.037', 'E02.190.888.030', 'E05.723.136'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['E05.393.420.601.035', 'G05.558.109'], ['B01.050'], ['F01.145.113'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['G07.265'], ['D02.033.375'], ['E05.393.335.249'], ['G05.380.554'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550'], ['E05.599.595'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['A05.360.490.690.680', 'A11.497.497.600'], ['G05.365.590.675'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.175.781', 'D12.776.157.530.400.400.100.200', 'D12.776.543.550.450.175.781', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.100.200', 'D12.776.543.585.400.175.781', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.100.200', 'D12.776.543.750.130.625', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.470'], ['E01.370.376.550.650.695', 'E01.370.600.550.650.695', 'G07.888.875', 'G11.561.731.745'], ['E01.370.376.550.650.800', 'E01.370.600.550.650.800', 'F02.830.702.807', 'G11.561.731.869'], ['E05.017.449'], ['D03.132.436.681.722', 'D03.633.100.473.402.681.722', 'D03.633.100.496.500.500.681.722'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.610.500.562'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Life span of erythrocytes in late pregnancy.
|
OBJECTIVE: Based on previous studies that demonstrated lighter and larger erythrocytes in late pregnancy, we hypothesized that the life span of erythrocytes in late pregnancy is shorter than in nonpregnant women.METHODS: We used the density distribution of cells to evaluate the age distribution of erythrocytes in pregnant versus nonpregnant women and rats. The life span of erythrocytes was compared between pregnant rats and nonpregnant syngeneic rats of the same age using 51Cr for labeling erythrocytes.RESULTS: Based on the density distribution of cells, a similar shift to lighter erythrocytes was found comparing pregnant to nonpregnant women and rats. The pregnant rat erythrocytes had a shorter life span by 9.2% (33.6 versus 36.9 days; P = .0010).CONCLUSIONS: The life span of erythrocytes in pregnant rats is shorter than in nonpregnant ones. A similar shift in the age distribution of pregnant rat and pregnant human erythrocytes is probably associated with a similar life span of pregnant rat and pregnant human erythrocytes. The shorter life span of erythrocytes in late pregnancy may be attributed to higher erythropoietin levels in pregnancy, which induce "emergency hematopoiesis" resulting in younger reticulocytes and macrocytic erythrocytes, which are known to have a shorter life span.
|
['Adult', 'Animals', 'Erythrocyte Aging', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Trimester, Third', 'Rats']
| 1,603,481
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.043.260', 'G09.188.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.707.520'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Engineering ribosomal leaky scanning and upstream open reading frames for precise control of protein translation.
|
We have employed upstream open reading frames (uORFs) to systematically tune the translation levels of recombinant proteins. We present the design principles that guided the development of this technology and provide information that may help others in implementing synthetic uORFs for their own applications. We also report on recent applications to our own research projects, including the coupling of uORF and translation initiation site (TIS) engineering with small molecule-inducible post-translational control. Finally, we discuss opportunities to investigate and potentially engineer gene-specific translational responses to cellular stress.
|
['Activating Transcription Factor 4', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cell Line', 'Cricetinae', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Genes, Reporter', 'Genetic Engineering', 'Green Fluorescent Proteins', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Open Reading Frames', 'Peptide Chain Initiation, Translational', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Ribosomes', 'Trimethoprim']
| 24,637,490
|
[['D12.776.260.108.061.937', 'D12.776.930.127.061.937'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.251.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['E05.393.420'], ['D12.776.532.265'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.360.335.760.640', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.650'], ['G02.111.660.871.650', 'G03.734.871.650'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.500.600', 'D12.644.360.525.500.600', 'D12.776.157.325.515.500.600', 'D12.776.476.525.500.600', 'D12.776.624.664.700.200'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811'], ['D03.383.742.906']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Consequences of lithotripter shockwave interaction with gas body contrast agent in mouse intestine.
|
PURPOSE: Shockwave lithotripsy can involve complications associated with hemorrhage and internal bleeding which appear to be due to acoustic cavitation. Gas-body-based contrast agents recently developed for diagnostic ultrasound can enhance cavitational bioeffects under some conditions. This study examined the occurrence and progression of vascular damage in mouse intestine when a contrast agent was present during shockwave treatment.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Anesthetized hairless mice were injected with Albunex contrast agent or a gas-body-free blank, and exposed to sham, 200 or 800 lithotripter shockwaves.RESULTS: Exposure of the mouse abdomen to lithotripter shockwaves produced petechiae in the intestinal wall and hemorrhage into the lumen. Contrast-agent gas bodies greatly enhanced the numbers of petechiae (but not the hemorrhages), relative to the blank agent. When evaluation of these effects was delayed for one day, both effects decreased, and the gas-body-associated petechiae seemed to disappear. However, survival significantly decreased for mice with added gas bodies and shockwave treatment.CONCLUSIONS: The presence of a gas-body-based ultrasound contrast agent enhances vascular side effects of shockwave lithotripsy. Although there are great uncertainties in relating these observations to human clinical conditions, a delay in planned treatment might be prudent for patients scheduled for shockwave lithotripsy soon after receiving gas-body-based ultrasound contrast agents.
|
['Albumins', 'Animals', 'Contrast Media', 'Gases', 'Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage', 'Intestines', 'Lithotripsy', 'Mice', 'Mice, Hairless', 'Ultrasonography']
| 10,411,095
|
[['D12.776.034'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['D01.362'], ['C06.405.227', 'C23.550.414.788'], ['A03.556.124'], ['E02.600', 'E04.943.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.200', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.200', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.230'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[A surgical method in the complex treatment of metastatic bone tumors].
|
The article deals with the results of operations applied in the system of complex treatment of 83 patients (86 operations) with metastases of malignant tumours in the skeletal bones. Fourteen patient had carcinoma of the lung, 23--carcinoma of the breast, 28--carcinoma of the kidney, 8--carcinoma of the thyroid gland, and 10 patients had other malignant tumors. Operative interventions in the form of resection of the articular end or total removal of a tubular bone with endoprosthesis in affection of a long tubular bone and its pathological fracture or the threat of such fracture were substantiated. In the presence of special indications, osteosynthesis of the pathological fracture or amputation (exarticulation) of the limb may be undertaken. Laminectomy is indicated in metastatic lesion of the spine with the development of neurological disorders. Four (5%) patients died in the postoperative period. Average survival in the group of patients was 35 months, in the separate groups it was as follows: lung carcinoma metastases--9 months, kidney carcinoma metastases--31 months, thyroid carcinoma metastases--37 months, breast carcinoma metastases--40 months, metastases of other forms of malignant tumors--30 months. Longest survival--7.5 years. Average value of life quality according to Karnovsky was 30% before operation and 67% after it.
|
['Amputation', 'Artificial Limbs', 'Bone Neoplasms', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Femoral Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'Laminectomy', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Ribs', 'Spinal Neoplasms', 'Thoracic Vertebrae']
| 1,469,875
|
[['E04.555.080'], ['E07.695.050', 'E07.858.082.050', 'E07.858.442.050'], ['C04.588.149', 'C05.116.231'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['C04.588.149.276', 'C05.116.231.343'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.945.947.535', 'C12.758.820.750', 'C12.777.419.473', 'C13.351.937.820.535', 'C13.351.968.419.473'], ['E02.718.563', 'E04.188.400', 'E04.525.450', 'E04.555.350'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['A02.835.232.570.500'], ['C04.588.149.828', 'C05.116.231.828', 'C05.116.900.801'], ['A02.835.232.834.892']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in patients with and without evidence of bronchiectasis.
|
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) may complicate 1% to 2% of all cases of chronic asthma. Twenty-eight patients fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for ABPA but without evidence of proximal bronchiectasis [ABPA-S (seropositive)] were identified over a 12-year period and classified by stage. The majority of patients were in remission but all had chronic asthma. Serum anti-Aspergillus fumigatus (Af) IgG was lower in ABPA-S (n = 28) versus ABPA-CB (central bronchiectasis) (n = 58) at the time of initial presentation (IgG-Af index 3.62 versus 7.80, t = 3.46, P < or = .001). Serum IgG1-Af was significantly lower in ABPA-S as compared with ABPA-CB (t = 2.37, P = .011), as was serum IgG2-Af (t = 1.91, P = .031) and serum IgG4-Af (t = 1.78, P = .041). There were trends toward lower concentrations of total serum IgE, serum anti-Af-IgE, and anti-Af-IgA in ABPA-S. Eleven patients with ABPA-S were evaluated closely for a total of 63 patient-years and only four exacerbations with pulmonary infiltrates were identified. No patient in either group was observed to progress to end-stage or irreversible lung disease when early recognition and treatment were instituted. We conclude that ABPA-S represents the earliest stage or apparently a less aggressive form of ABPA.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Antibodies, Fungal', 'Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary', 'Asthma', 'Bronchiectasis', 'Child, Preschool', 'Forced Expiratory Flow Rates', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin A', 'Immunoglobulin E', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Middle Aged', 'Precipitin Tests', 'Prednisone', 'Radiography']
| 8,466,099
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.179', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.179', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.179'], ['C01.150.703.080.768.500', 'C01.150.703.534.850.500', 'C01.748.435.090', 'C08.381.472.850.500', 'C08.674.060', 'C08.730.435.090', 'C20.543.480.680.085'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['C08.127.384'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E01.370.386.700.660.225', 'G09.772.650.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.026', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.026', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.026'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.312', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.312', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.312'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645', 'E05.196.150.639.500', 'E05.200.812.735.645', 'E05.478.594.760.645', 'E05.478.605.492'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.719.702'], ['E01.370.350.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Sustainable food systems for optimal planetary health.
|
Sustainable food systems are an important component of a planetary health strategy to reduce the threat of infectious disease, minimize environmental footprint and promote nutrition. Human population trends and dietary transition have led to growing demand for food and increasing production and consumption of meat, amid declining availability of arable land and water. The intensification of livestock production has serious environmental and infectious disease impacts. Land clearing for agriculture alters ecosystems, increases human-wildlife interactions and leads to disease proliferation. Context-specific interventions should be evaluated towards optimizing nutrition resilience, minimizing environmental footprint and reducing animal and human disease risk.
|
['Agriculture', 'Animals', 'Animals, Wild', 'Conservation of Natural Resources', 'Diet', 'Ecosystem', 'Food Supply', 'Global Health', 'Humans', 'Infections', 'Livestock', 'Malnutrition', 'Zoonoses']
| 29,044,366
|
[['J01.040'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.300'], ['J01.256', 'N06.230.080'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['J01.576.423.750'], ['H02.403.371', 'N01.400.337'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01'], ['B01.050.050.116.500'], ['C18.654.521'], ['C01.973', 'C22.969']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Bacterial feeding nematodes ingest haemocytes in the haemocoel of the insect Galleria mellonella
|
Insect parasitic nematodes have acquired mechanisms to evade their host immune response for successful parasitism. Despite the importance of understanding of the evolution of evasion mechanisms from host immunity, insect immune response against non-parasitic nematodes has not been well studied. In our previous study, we demonstrated that a non-insect parasitic nematode Caenorhabditis elegans was not encapsulated by haemocytes in the larvae of the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella. To understand how nematodes influence insect haemocytes to escape encapsulation, we examined the effect of C. elegans on haemocytes in the haemocoel of G. mellonella larvae. Injection of nematodes resulted in the decrease of haemocyte density while mortality and spreading ability of haemocytes, the haematopoietic organs were not affected. In vitro co-incubation of haemocytes with nematodes resulted in a decrease of haemocyte density and we observed feeding on haemocytes by nematodes. Injection of C. elegans feeding-delay mutants into insects did not cause the decrease of haemocyte density. The decrease of haemocyte density was due to the nematode's ingestion of haemocytes. Furthermore, an entomopathogenic nematode and other bacterial feeding nematodes also showed similar feeding behaviour. The nematode's ability to feed on haemocytes may have played an important role in the evolution of nematode parasitism in bacterial-feeding nematodes.
|
['Animals', 'Caenorhabditis elegans', 'Hemocytes', 'Host-Parasite Interactions', 'Immunity, Cellular', 'Larva', 'Moths']
| 31,735,173
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.400.875.660.250.250'], ['A11.118.480', 'A15.145.229.480'], ['G16.527.200.400'], ['G12.450.050.400'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.937.650']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Glutamate metabolism by squid nerve fiber sheaths.
|
The extrasynaptic region of the squid giant nerve fiber exhibits neuron-Schwann cell interactions that appear to involve glutamate as a mediator. In an earlier work, it was demonstrated that the periaxonal sheaths of such nerves (where the Schwann cells are located) possess the capacity to transport glutamate. However there was no information available about the possible fate of the glutamate incorporated into the sheaths. In this study, it is demonstrated that the periaxonal sheaths of the extrasynaptic region of squid giant nerves are capable of metabolizing glutamate. Sheaths incubated with 10 microM [1-14C] glutamate produced [14C] O2 in a manner proportional to time and estimated cell water volume. At least 45% of this CO2 production was determined to be independent of transaminase catalyzed isotopic exchange, thus reflecting real degradation (decarboxylation) of glutamate. It was also demonstrated that the sheaths were capable of glutamine synthesis. Taken together, the findings of our laboratory indicate not only that the Schwann cells of the sheaths fulfil the requirements for a site for the uptake and metabolism of transmitter glutamate in the squid giant nerve but also that certain metabolic characteristics associated with the neuro-glial unit around synapses are also found in non-synaptic areas of nerve fibers.
|
['Animals', 'Axons', 'Decapodiformes', 'Glutamates', 'Myelin Sheath', 'Nerve Fibers']
| 9,671,960
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.675.542.145', 'A11.284.180.075', 'A11.671.137', 'A11.671.501.145'], ['B01.050.500.644.116.150'], ['D12.125.067.625', 'D12.125.119.409'], ['A08.637.600.500', 'A08.637.800.500', 'A08.675.542.512.560', 'A08.800.800.690.500', 'A10.755.503', 'A11.284.149.165.600', 'A11.650.600.500', 'A11.650.800.500', 'A11.671.501.512.560', 'A11.671.514.553'], ['A08.675.542', 'A11.671.501']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Crystal structure and catecholase-like activity of a mononuclear complex [Cu(EDTB)]2+ (EDTB=N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2'-benzimidazolyl methyl)-1,2-ethanediamine).
|
The crystal structure and catecholase-like activity of a mononuclear complex, Cu(EDTB)(NO3)2.C2H5OH (here EDTB stands N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2'-benzimidazolyl methyl)-1,2-ethanediamine) has been studied in comparison with a binuclear complex Cu2(EDTB)(NO3)4.3H2O. The results show that the reactive rate constants increase with increases of reaction temperature and pH value of intermediate. Electrospray ionization mass spectrum (ESI-MS) shows that tautomerism isomers of catechol with the title complex exist in reaction solution, and catechol is oxidized to quinone, then it is further oxidized resulting in muconic acid and its derivatives via an intradiol mechanism, just like that catalyzed by a mononuclear non-heme iron-containing dioxygenase.
|
['Animals', 'Benzoquinones', 'Catechol Oxidase', 'Catechols', 'Copper', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Diamines', 'Humans', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Molecular Structure', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Sorbic Acid']
| 15,271,507
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.806.250'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.125'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.166'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['D02.092.782.258'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D10.251.355.840']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Electrical activity in embryonic heart cell aggregates. Developmental aspects.
|
Action potential parameters were measured in beating heart cell aggregates which were formed from trypsin-dissociated cells of embryonic chick heats aged 2 1/2, 4 or 7 days. 1. In aggregates composed of cells from the whole heart there was an increase in the maximum diastolic potential, overshoot, maximum rate of rise of the action potential (V max), and action potential duration between days 2 1/2 and 7. 2. Action potential parameters from 4- or 7-day aggregates composed exclusively of atrial or ventricular cells were similar to those in whole heart aggregates of the same age with the exception of the action potential duration in which atrial less than whole heart less than ventricular. Between days 4 and 7 the increases in duration were approximately 14% in atrial, 35% in whole heart, and 50% in ventricular aggregates. Differences in action potential duration, within or between ages, were not due solely to differences in the rate of beating. 3. Action potentials in whole heart aggregates aged 2 1/2 days were insensivitive to TTX (10-5 g/ml) but abolished by D600 (1 MUG/ML). Conversely, at 7 days activity was suppressed by TTX (2 X 10-8 G/ML) WHILE D600 (1 mug/ml) shortened the action potential duration and reduced the overshoot without influencing V max. 4. Adrenaline (1 mug/ml) restored the action potential overshoot and duration in 7-day aggregates treated with D600. 5. Action potential development in embryonic heart cells appears to be characterized by the functional appearance of fast inward channels. The slow channel mechanism, previously utilized in action potential generation, may gradually assume its adult role of carrying inward current during the plateau phase. 6. In contrast to monolayer cultures, embryonic heart cells cultured in aggregate form seem to have membrane properties similar to those of intact tissue.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Age Factors', 'Animals', 'Atrial Function', 'Cell Aggregation', 'Cell Membrane Permeability', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chick Embryo', 'Epinephrine', 'Heart', 'Methyl Ethers', 'Tetrodotoxin', 'Ventricular Function', 'Verapamil']
| 1,167,962
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['B01.050'], ['G09.330.040'], ['G04.198.251'], ['G03.143.335', 'G04.175'], ['A11.251'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['D02.033.100.291.310', 'D02.092.063.291.310', 'D02.092.211.215.454', 'D02.092.311.461', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.461'], ['A07.541'], ['D02.355.601'], ['D03.633.100.786.910', 'D23.946.580.910'], ['G09.330.955'], ['D02.092.471.683.953']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Ability of optical imaging devices to detect early structural damage in ocular hypertension.
|
We evaluated the ability of functional and structural technologies to detect early damage in ocular-hypertensive (OHT) eyes with normal standard automated perimetry (SAP) in 48 normal and 130 ocular-hypertensive subjects. We found that optical imaging devices may detect early damage in the RNFL and the optic nerve head in ocular-hypertensive eyes with no defect in SAP.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Diagnostic Imaging', 'Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological', 'Disease Progression', 'Equipment Design', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Ocular Hypertension', 'Optic Disk', 'Optical Devices', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Retinal Neurons', 'Time Factors', 'Young Adult']
| 20,214,046
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E01.370.350'], ['E01.370.380'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E05.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C11.525'], ['A08.800.800.120.680.660', 'A09.371.729.690'], ['E07.632'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['A08.675.650.850', 'A09.371.729.831', 'A11.671.650.850'], ['G01.910.857'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A systematic review of plant-conjugated masked mycotoxins: Occurrence, toxicology, and metabolism.
|
Masked mycotoxins are biologically modified phase II metabolites formed by plant defense mechanisms through glucosylation catalyzed by uridine diphosphate -glucosyltransferases. Most of the current reports focus on the occurrence of masked mycotoxins in Europe, America, Africa, and cover other geographic regions, e.g. China and Japan. High proportions of masked mycotoxins co-occurring with their parent forms in various cereal-based food and feedstuff could clearly increase total exposures and pose additional health risks to humans and animals. In contrast to the parent mycotoxins, the data on the toxicity of masked mycotoxins are still scarce, however, the poor existing information showed that masked mycotoxins generally exhibit significant in vitro and in vivo toxicities lower than those of their parent forms, especially for deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside, which is the only thoroughly investigated masked mycotoxin. Although the lower toxicity level of masked mycotoxins, these are probably hydrolyzed into their free forms by intestinal microorganisms in the digestive tract of mammals and thus contribute to unpredicted toxicity. The metabolic characteristics of reported masked mycotoxins are species-specific. The most relevant animal model of human sensitivity, the pig, is most sensitive to masked mycotoxins. This review focuses on updates in the current knowledge on country-specific natural-occurrence data in global surveys, as well as in vitro and in vivo toxicology and metabolic investigations of masked mycotoxins.
|
['Animals', 'Food Contamination', 'Gastrointestinal Microbiome', 'Humans', 'Mycotoxins', 'Plants']
| 30,806,521
|
[['B01.050'], ['J01.576.423.850.730.500.249', 'N06.850.460.400', 'N06.850.601.500.249'], ['G06.591.375', 'G16.500.275.157.049.100.500.375', 'N06.230.124.049.100.500.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D23.946.587'], ['B01.650']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Associations between intrusive thoughts, reality discrimination and hallucination-proneness in healthy young adults.
|
INTRODUCTION: People who experience intrusive thoughts are at increased risk of developing hallucinatory experiences, as are people who have weak reality discrimination skills. No study has yet examined whether these two factors interact to make a person especially prone to hallucinatory experiences. The present study examined this question in a non-clinical sample.METHODS: Participants were 160 students, who completed a reality discrimination task, as well as self-report measures of cannabis use, negative affect, intrusive thoughts and auditory hallucination-proneness. The possibility of an interaction between reality discrimination performance and level of intrusive thoughts was assessed using multiple regression.RESULTS: The number of reality discrimination errors and level of intrusive thoughts were independent predictors of hallucination-proneness. The reality discrimination errors ? intrusive thoughts interaction term was significant, with participants who made many reality discrimination errors and reported high levels of intrusive thoughts being especially prone to hallucinatory experiences.CONCLUSIONS: Hallucinatory experiences are more likely to occur in people who report high levels of intrusive thoughts and have weak reality discrimination skills. If applicable to clinical samples, these findings suggest that improving patients' reality discrimination skills and reducing the number of intrusive thoughts they experience may reduce the frequency of hallucinatory experiences.
|
['Adult', 'Cognition', 'Discrimination, Psychological', 'Female', 'Hallucinations', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Self Report', 'Students', 'Thinking', 'Young Adult']
| 25,345,759
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F02.463.188'], ['F02.463.593.257'], ['C10.597.606.762.300', 'C23.888.592.604.764.300', 'F01.700.750.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.980.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.500'], ['M01.848'], ['F02.463.785'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The human involucrin gene is transcriptionally repressed through a tissue-specific silencer element recognized by Oct-2.
|
Involucrin is an important marker of epithelial differentiation which expression is upregulated just after basal cells are pushed into the suprabasal layer in stratified epithelia. Several transcription factors and regulatory elements had been described as responsible for turning on the gene. However, it is evident that in basal cell layer, additional mechanisms are involved in keeping the gene silent before the differentiation process starts. In this work, we located a potential transcriptional silencer in a 52bp sequence whose integrity is necessary for silencing the proximal enhancer promoter element (PEP) in multiplying keratinocytes. Octamer-binding sites were noticed in this fragment and the specific binding of Oct-2 transcription factor was detected. Oct-2 appears to be implicated in an epithelial-specific repression activity recorded only in keratinocytes and C33-A cell line. Overexpression of Oct-2 repressed the involucrin promoter activity in epithelial cells and in the presence of the silencer element.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Calcium', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Cells, Cultured', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Gene Silencing', 'Host Cell Factor C1', 'Humans', 'Keratinocytes', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'Octamer Transcription Factor-1', 'Octamer Transcription Factor-2', 'Oligonucleotides', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Precursors', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Silencer Elements, Transcriptional', 'Transcription Factors', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Transfection']
| 15,120,610
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G05.308.203.374'], ['D12.776.660.478', 'D12.776.930.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.409.500', 'A11.436.397'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D12.776.260.655.500.100', 'D12.776.930.710.500.100'], ['D12.776.260.655.500.200', 'D12.776.930.710.500.200'], ['D13.695.578.424'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776.811'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.755', 'G05.360.080.689.755', 'G05.360.340.024.815'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Clones of Streptococcus zooepidemicus from outbreaks of hemorrhagic canine pneumonia and associated immune responses.
|
Acute hemorrhagic pneumonia caused by Streptococcus zooepidemicus has emerged as a major disease of shelter dogs and greyhounds. S. zooepidemicus strains differing in multilocus sequence typing (MLST), protective protein (SzP), and M-like protein (SzM) sequences were identified from 9 outbreaks in Texas, Kansas, Florida, Nevada, New Mexico, and Pennsylvania. Clonality based on 2 or more isolates was evident for 7 of these outbreaks. The Pennsylvania and Nevada outbreaks also involved cats. Goat antisera against acutely infected lung tissue as well as convalescent-phase sera reacted with a mucinase (Sz115), hyaluronidase (HylC), InlA domain-containing cell surface-anchored protein (INLA), membrane-anchored protein (MAP), SzP, SzM, and extracellular oligopeptide-binding protein (OppA). The amino acid sequences of SzP and SzM of the isolates varied greatly. The szp and szm alleles of the closely related Kansas clone (sequence type 129 [ST-129]) and United Kingdom isolate BHS5 (ST-123) were different, indicating that MLST was unreliable as a predictor of virulence phenotype. Combinations of conserved HylC and serine protease (ScpC) and variable SzM and SzP proteins of S. zooepidemicus strain NC78 were protectively immunogenic for mice challenged with a virulent canine strain. Thus, although canine pneumonia outbreaks are caused by different strains of S. zooepidemicus, protective immune responses were elicited in mice by combinations of conserved or variable S. zooepidemicus proteins from a single strain.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, Bacterial', 'Cat Diseases', 'Cats', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Disease Outbreaks', 'Dog Diseases', 'Dogs', 'Mice', 'Multilocus Sequence Typing', 'Pneumonia, Bacterial', 'Streptococcal Infections', 'Streptococcal Vaccines', 'Streptococcus equi', 'United States', 'Virulence Factors']
| 24,990,905
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050.161'], ['C22.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['N06.850.290'], ['C22.268'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E01.370.225.875.150.125.457.500', 'E05.200.875.150.125.457.500', 'E05.393.542.500', 'E05.393.760.700.650'], ['C01.150.252.620', 'C01.748.610.540', 'C08.381.677.540', 'C08.730.610.540'], ['C01.150.252.410.890'], ['D20.215.894.135.750'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.225', 'B03.510.400.800.872.225', 'B03.510.550.737.872.225'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['D23.946.896']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
MR imaging of the flexed knee: comparison to the extended knee in delineation of meniscal lesions.
|
The aim of this study was to obtain MR images in the flexed-knee position and to compare the diagnostic value to the extended position in delineation of the menisci. With a mobile knee brace and a flexible surface coil, the knee joint was either fully extended or bent to a semi-flexed position (average 45 degrees of flexion) within a 1.5-T superconducting magnet. Sets of sagittal MR images were obtained for both the extended- and flexed-knee positions. Using the arthroscopic results as gold standards, 97 menisci were evaluated. Two observers interpreted each MR image of the extended and flexed positions independently without knowledge of the arthroscopic results. Flexed-knee MR images revealed 22 of the 27 arthroscopically proven torn menisci and 69 of the 70 intact menisci, for a sensitivity of 81.5%, a specificity of 98.6%, and an accuracy of 93.8%. Extended-knee MR images indicated a sensitivity of 81.5%, a specificity of 92.9%, and an accuracy of 89.7%. No statistically significant difference was found between the two positions. To enhance MR visualization of all the knee components, we recommend examining the knee in a flexed position within the magnet.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Arthroscopy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Knee Joint', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Menisci, Tibial', 'Middle Aged', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Tibial Meniscus Injuries']
| 11,097,414
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.388.250.070', 'E04.502.250.070', 'E04.555.113'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['A02.165.308.538.500', 'A02.835.583.475.590', 'A10.165.382.350.163.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['C26.558.781']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of up-regulation of NMDA receptors on cerebral O2 consumption and blood flow in rat.
|
We tested the hypothesis that cerebrocortical blood flow and O2 consumption would be proportional to an up-regulated number of functional N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. Previous work had shown a relationship between cerebral metabolism and NMDA receptor activity. We increased the specific binding to NMDA receptors in the cerebral cortex, from 2.2 +/- 0.9 to 4.5 +/- 0.8 (density units) in male Long-Evans rats by daily giving two intraperiotoneal injections (30 mg/kg) of CGS-19755, an NMDA receptor inhibitor, for 7 consecutive days (discontinued for 20 h before experiment). Twelve up-regulated (CGS treated) and 12 control rats were used in this study. Under isoflurane anesthesia and after topical stimulation of the right cerebral cortex with 10(-2) M NMDA, the blood flow (14C-iodoantipyrine method) increased from 98 +/- 11 ml/min/100 g in the unstimulated cortex of the control rats to 161 +/- 37 ml/min/100 g in the stimulated cortex. The unstimulated value for blood flow (95 +/- 7 ml/min/100 g) did not change in the upregulated group but it doubled (194 +/- 69 ml/min/100 g) in the stimulated, upregulated cortex. Similarly, O2 consumption (cryomicrospectrophotometrically determined) in normal rats increased 46%, from 9.3 +/- 1 ml/min/100 g to 13.6 +/- 4 after NMDA stimulation. While in the upregulated animals, O2 consumption increased 103% from 7.9 +/- 0.6 to 16 +/- 6.5 after NMDA stimulation. In conclusion, NMDA receptor upregulation does not alter basal cerebrocortical blood flow or O2 consumption but in the NMDA-stimulated cortex, the blood flow and O2 consumption increase is dependent on the number of NMDA receptors present.
|
['Animals', 'Brain', 'Cerebrovascular Circulation', 'Dizocilpine Maleate', 'Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists', 'Gases', 'Hemodynamics', 'Male', 'N-Methylaspartate', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Pipecolic Acids', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate', 'Up-Regulation']
| 8,883,903
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['G09.330.100.159'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.181.384.380', 'D04.615.181.384.380'], ['D27.505.519.625.190.300', 'D27.505.696.577.190.300'], ['D01.362'], ['G09.330.380'], ['D12.125.067.500.400', 'D12.125.119.170.400'], ['G03.680'], ['D03.066.758', 'D03.383.621.758'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.500.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.400.500'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Uterine artery color Doppler assisted velocimetry and perinatal outcome.
|
BACKGROUND: Previously, we have found uterine artery blood velocimetry performed with Doppler ultrasound without vessel visualization to be a poor predictor of perinatal outcome. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether the combination of color Doppler imaging with the method would improve its predictive value.METHODS: In a cross-sectional study of 110 uncomplicated pregnancies, uterine artery blood velocity was recorded bilaterally from 18 to 42 weeks of gestation to obtain reference values for pulsatility index (PI). Using color Doppler imaging, the main uterine artery was located as it crosses the iliac vessels and blood velocity was then recorded with pulsed Doppler ultrasound. The uterine and umbilical blood velocity waveforms were also obtained in 421 complicated pregnancies, and the results related to placental site and perinatal outcome.RESULTS: In uncomplicated pregnancies, the uterine artery PI was unrelated to gestational age using 1.20 as the upper cut-off limit for the mean PI of both vessels (mean+2 s.d.). Corresponding values for unilateral placental localization were 1.00 at the placental side and 1.40 at the non-placental side. Blood velocities obtained using the color Doppler combination were similar to previously presented results. In the complicated pregnancies, significant correlation was found between abnormal perinatal outcome and abnormality of the uterine artery blood velocity waveform, either increased PI (n = 44) or a notch in early diastole (n = 92). The predictive value of an early diastolic notch was superior to an increased PI in predicting abnormal outcome. The mean PI for both uterine arteries was a better predictor of outcome than blood velocity on the placental side. The blood velocity waveforms on the non-placental side were the poorest predictors of outcome.CONCLUSION: The addition of color Doppler imaging to pulsed wave Doppler ultrasound recording of uterine artery blood velocity improves the predictive value of blood velocity waveforms with regard to the perinatal outcome.
|
['Arteries', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Fetal Death', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'Laser-Doppler Flowmetry', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications', 'Pregnancy Outcome', 'Pregnancy, High-Risk', 'Prospective Studies', 'Reference Values', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color', 'Umbilical Arteries', 'Uterus']
| 8,822,652
|
[['A07.015.114'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['C13.703.223', 'C23.550.260.585'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.370.475', 'E05.830.500'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703'], ['E01.789.700', 'G08.686.784.769.496'], ['G08.686.784.769.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E01.370.350.850.850.850.850'], ['A07.015.114.929', 'A16.378.693.641'], ['A05.360.319.679']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Cancer rehabilitation in the Federal Republic of Germany--a critical review from the perspective of rehabilitation psychology].
|
Against the background of a common criticism of the rehabilitation system, the situation of rehabilitation research and practice in oncology is reviewed. A lack of efforts aimed at vocational rehabilitation as well as the main emphasis in inpatient services is criticized. Till now, outpatient services as well as psychosocial rehabilitation care are not as well established, as they should be with regard to provide assistance in coping with the disease and in adapting to the various disabilities may be followed by cancer. As rehabilitation research in oncology is still at its very beginning, we know little about the acceptance of rehabilitation measures as well as the rehabilitation process in its correlation between outcome criteria. Our own pilot study provides first results concerning vocational rehabilitation and acceptance of medical rehabilitation services. As conclusion, we need more elaborated research in oncological rehabilitation for optimizing and further developing rehabilitation care system especially with respect to outpatient and psychosocial services.
|
['Ambulatory Care', 'Germany, West', 'Health Services Research', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Neoplasms', 'Quality of Health Care', 'Rehabilitation, Vocational', 'Social Support']
| 1,455,290
|
[['E02.760.106', 'N02.421.585.106'], ['Z01.586.350'], ['H01.770.644.145.360', 'N03.349.380', 'N05.425'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04'], ['N04.761', 'N05.715'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.782', 'E02.831.782', 'N02.421.784.644'], ['I01.880.853.500.600']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Cutting edge: CXCR4 is critical for CD8+ memory T cell homeostatic self-renewal but not rechallenge self-renewal.
|
Central memory (CM) CD8(+) T cells "remember" prior encounters because they maintain themselves through cell division in the absence of ongoing challenge (homeostatic self-renewal), as well as reproduce the CM fate while manufacturing effector cells during secondary Ag encounters (rechallenge self-renewal). We tested the consequence of conditional deletion of the bone marrow homing receptor CXCR4 on antiviral T cell responses. CXCR4-deficient CD8(+) T cells have impaired memory cell maintenance due to defective homeostatic proliferation. Upon rechallenge, however, CXCR4-deficient T cells can re-expand and renew the CM pool while producing secondary effector cells. The critical bone marrow-derived signals essential for CD8(+) T cell homeostatic self-renewal appear to be dispensable to yield self-renewing, functionally asymmetric cell fates during rechallenge.
|
['Adoptive Transfer', 'Animals', 'Bone Marrow Cells', 'Bone Marrow Transplantation', 'CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Clone Cells', 'Homeostasis', 'Humans', 'Immunologic Memory', 'Immunophenotyping', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Receptors, CXCR4', 'Signal Transduction', 'Stem Cells']
| 24,973,450
|
[['E02.095.465.425.400.330.050', 'E05.478.550.520.050'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.148', 'A15.378.316'], ['E02.095.147.725.040', 'E04.936.580.040'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220'], ['A11.251.353'], ['G07.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.450.050.500'], ['E01.370.225.812.447', 'E05.200.812.447', 'E05.478.594.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.160.500.400', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.125.500.400', 'D12.776.543.750.830.700.650'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A11.872']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Enhancement by tocoretinate of epidermal growth factor-induced DNA synthesis in human intestinal epithelial cells.
|
Tocoretinate (TR) is a hybrid compound composed of alpha-tocopherol esterified with retinoic acid. The present study was conducted to clarify whether or not TR affects DNA synthesis in a human intestinal cell line, FHs 74 Int. In these cells, addition of 10% serum resulted in an approximately 10-fold increase in DNA synthesis as assessed by [3H]thymidine incorporation. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) augmented DNA synthesis three- to fourfold. When EGF was added together with insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), which had only a small effect by itself, a combination of these growth factors reproduced the effect of serum. In quiescent FHs 74 Int cells, TR had no effect on DNA synthesis by itself. However, when quiescent cells were pretreated with TR for 24 hr, DNA synthesis induced by EGF was markedly enhanced. Thus, in TR-pretreated cells, EGF stimulated DNA synthesis to the same extent as 10% serum. The effect of TR was dose-dependent and the maximal effect was obtained by 10(-7) M TR. Pretreatment with TR enhanced the effect of EGF on DNA synthesis but did not change the dose-response relationship for EGF-mediated DNA synthesis. All-trans-retinoic acid had similar stimulatory effect on EGF-induced DNA synthesis. When the medium was changed during the treatment with TR, the effect of TR on DNA synthesis was reduced. In addition, pretreatment with TR resulted in release of immunoreactive IGF-I into medium. Finally, the effect of TR was attenuated by an addition of antibody against IGF-I.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Cell Line', 'Cells, Cultured', 'DNA', 'Drug Combinations', 'Drug Synergism', 'Epidermal Growth Factor', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Epithelium', 'Humans', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor I', 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Stimulation, Chemical', 'Tretinoin', 'Tritium', 'Vitamin E']
| 7,924,741
|
[['A11.251.210'], ['A11.251'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D26.310'], ['G07.690.773.968.477'], ['D06.472.317.350', 'D12.644.276.382.500', 'D12.776.467.382.500', 'D23.529.382.500'], ['A11.436'], ['A10.272'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.937.400', 'D12.776.124.862.400', 'D12.776.467.937.400', 'D23.529.937.400'], ['A03.556.124.369', 'A10.615.550.444'], ['D12.776.828'], ['G07.690.773.996'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.495.818.500', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700.860.500', 'D02.455.849.131.495.818.800', 'D02.455.849.291.925.500', 'D23.767.261.700.780'], ['D01.268.406.875', 'D01.362.340.875', 'D01.496.749.925'], ['D03.383.663.283.909', 'D03.633.100.150.909']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Use of flexible plastic film isolators in performing potentially hazardous necropsies.
|
A number of necropsies were performed with the body completely isolated in a flexible film isolator in order to determine the practicability of such a method in protecting the post mortem room staff from the risk of infection from the corpse. It is considered that necropsies can be carried out using such an isolator without hindrance to either manual skill or vision and that a high degree of safety is achieved. The isolator may also be used to carry out necropsies on decomposed bodies.
|
['Autopsy', 'Infection Control', 'Patient Isolators', 'Polyvinyl Chloride', 'Risk']
| 6,404,948
|
[['E01.370.060', 'E05.070', 'I01.198.780.937.120'], ['N06.850.780.200.450'], ['E07.325.755'], ['D02.455.326.271.884.533.565', 'D05.750.716.721.812', 'D25.720.327.811', 'D25.720.716.721.812', 'J01.637.051.720.716.721.812'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Computed tomography angiography validates duplex sonographic evaluation of carotid artery stenosis.
|
Controversy regarding the optimal preoperative evaluation for patients with carotid arterial stenosis remains controversial. We hypothesized that carotid artery area reduction measured by computed tomography angiography (CTA) would closely correlate with duplex scanning stenosis. This study was undertaken to evaluate the correlation between duplex, CTA, and conventional arteriography in patients undergoing consideration for carotid endarterectomy. Patients undergoing evaluation for carotid artery stenosis who received at least 2 of the diagnostic tests were included in this study (n = 108); 30 patients underwent all 3 imaging modalities. Linear regression analysis was performed to determine correlation coefficients between the 3 different study modalities. Correlation and P values were as follows: CTA area versus CTA diameter, r = 0.82, P < 0.001; CTA area versus duplex stenosis, r = 0.71, P < 0.001; duplex stenosis versus angio diameter, r = 0.68; P = 0.005; CTA diameter versus angio diameter, r = 0.61, P = 005. CTA was able to identify plaque characteristics more readily than duplex or arteriography. CTA was also able to differentiate critical stenosis from occlusion and to settle discrepancies obtained from duplex scanning. CTA is an acceptable alternative method to validate duplex scanning evaluation of carotid artery stenosis. It can accurately measure lumen stenosis, visualize plaque morphology, and is associated with fewer complications than conventional angiography.
|
['Aged', 'Angiography', 'Carotid Stenosis', 'Endarterectomy, Carotid', 'Humans', 'Linear Models', 'Male', 'Preoperative Care', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex']
| 14,570,360
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.350.700.060', 'E01.370.370.050'], ['C10.228.140.300.200.360', 'C14.907.137.230', 'C14.907.253.123.360'], ['E04.100.814.456.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['E02.760.795', 'E04.604.750', 'N02.421.585.795'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.370.350.850.850.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The relevance of reticulin stain-measured fibrosis at diagnosis in chronic myelogenous leukemia.
|
Although collagen myelofibrosis indicates poor prognosis in late stages of chronic myelogenous leukemia, the significance of reticulin stain-measured fibrosis in newly diagnosed patients is unknown. One hundred and thirty-eight patients with untreated or minimally treated chronic phase Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia had reticulin stain studies made on their bone marrows at diagnosis. Reticulin fibrosis was graded on a scale of 1 to 4. Significant (Grade 3 or 4) fibrosis was noted in 65 patients (47%). Compared with patients with mild (Grade 1 to 2) reticulin fibrosis, those with significant fibrosis had a higher incidence of splenomegaly greater than or equal to 10 cm (29% versus 49%; P = 0.02), hemoglobin less than 10 g/dl (19% versus 49%; P less than 0.01), weight loss greater than or equal to 6.75 kg (10% versus 30%; P = 0.11), marrow blasts greater than or equal to 5% (7% versus 28%; P less than 0.01), peripheral blasts greater than or equal to 3% (30% versus 46%; P = 0.09), and additional karyotypic abnormalities (1% versus 17%; P less than 0.01). The incidence of thrombocytosis was similar in the two groups. Prognostically, median survival was significantly shorter for the 26 patients with Grade 4, compared with the 39 patients with Grade 3, and the 73 patients with Grade 1 or 2 reticulin fibrosis (32 versus 49 versus 57 months; P = 0.03). Reticulin fibrosis is a useful biologic and prognostic index in newly diagnosed patients with chronic phase chronic myelogenous leukemia.
|
['Actuarial Analysis', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Bone Marrow', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Leukemia, Myeloid', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Primary Myelofibrosis', 'Prognosis', 'Reticulin', 'Staining and Labeling']
| 2,435,399
|
[['E05.318.740.100', 'N05.715.360.750.100', 'N06.850.520.830.100'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A15.382.216'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.337.539'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C15.378.190.636.765'], ['E01.789'], ['D05.750.078.850', 'D12.776.860.823'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670', 'E05.200.500.620.670', 'E05.200.750.600.670']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Genome organization of retroviruses. V. In vitro-synthesized Moloney murine leukemia viral DNA has long terminal redundancy.
|
Purified virions of Moloney murine leukemia virus can synthesize genome-length double-stranded DNA in vitro. Two predominant species of long DNA transcripts, with average sizes of 9.1 and 8.5 kilobases (kb) can be identified. Both species of DNA contain the negative (complementary to viral RNA) and positive (same polarity as viral RNA) strands. However, only the negative strand of the 8.5-kb species can be identified if the synthesis of DNA is carried out in the presence of the drug actinomycin D. The 9.1-kb species appears to be slightly larger than the genomic RNA. If the linear double-stranded 9.1-kb species is treated with Escherichia coli exonuclease III and allowed to anneal, circular DNA molecules can be observed. Furthermore, polyadenylate-containing short genomic RNA fragments (0.5 to 1.0 kb) can anneal to both the 5' and the 3' termini of 9.1-kb complementary DNA. The polyadenylate moiety of the RNA fragments can be identified by tagging it with circular polyoma DNA containing polydeoxybromouridylic acid tails. Thus, the 9.1-kb complementary DNA transcript with two circular polyoma DNA molecules at its termini can be observed. However, when similar annealings are performed with 8.5-kb complementary DNA species, only one end of the resulting molecule has circular polyoma DNA. We conclude that the 9.1-kb complementary DNA species has a large terminal redundancy. The sequences involved in terminal redundancy appear to be derived from the 3' end of the genomic RNA.
|
['Cell-Free System', 'DNA, Viral', 'Dactinomycin', 'Exonucleases', 'Genetic Code', 'Moloney murine leukemia virus', 'Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'RNA, Viral', 'Virion']
| 6,245,245
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Experimental grounds for using chlorin e6 in the photodynamic therapy of malignant tumors.
|
The toxicity, pharmacokinetics and antitumour effect of chlorin e6 after light irradiation were studied. The LD50 value of chlorin e6 in C3H mice is 189 +/- 9 mg kg-1 and in Wistar white rats is 113 +/- 18 mg kg-1 14 days after intraperitoneal injection. The concentration of chlorin e6 in blood, liver, kidney, spleen and tumors (sarcoma M-1 and sarcoma 45) of the rats was determined by a fluorescence method, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 48 and 72 h after administration at a dose of 10 mg kg-1. For this purpose, chlorin e6 was extracted from tissues by the detergent Triton X-100. The depth of necrosis in sarcoma 45, the regression rate of sarcoma M-1 and the animal cure rate were evaluated after chlorin e6 administration at doses of 1-10 mg kg-1 and subsequent irradiation with krypton laser light. Depending on the dose and the time interval between chlorin e6 injection and irradiation, the depth of necrosis in sarcoma 45 varied from 5.0 to 15.0 mm. The cure rate of the animals with sarcoma M-1 varied from 10% to 60%. The antitumor effect was directly proportional to the chlorin e6 dose and light energy exposure and inversely proportional to the time interval between photosensitizer injection and irradiation.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Division', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Lethal Dose 50', 'Light', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C3H', 'Photochemotherapy', 'Photosensitizing Agents', 'Porphyrins', 'Radiation-Sensitizing Agents', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Sarcoma, Experimental', 'Time Factors', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 8,014,753
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E05.940.402', 'G07.225.500', 'G07.690.773.875.750', 'G07.690.936.500.750'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.388', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.388'], ['E02.186.500', 'E02.319.685', 'E02.774.722'], ['D27.505.954.444.600', 'D27.505.954.600.710'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.500', 'D03.633.400.909.500', 'D04.345.783.500', 'D23.767.727'], ['D27.505.954.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['C04.557.450.795.830', 'C04.619.857', 'E05.598.500.496.968'], ['G01.910.857'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.