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[A case of ventilation disorder and poor oxygenation after changing position from prone to supine].
|
A 68-year-old obese woman (BMI 35) underwent posterior lumbar interbody fusion in prone position. Immediately after changing position postoperatively from prone to supine, severe ventilation disorder and poor oxygenation occured. Chest X-ray showed severe atelectasis. Poor oxygenation was suspected to be the result of the atelectasis by the pressure of massive abdominal fatty tissue to the diaphragm. Ventilation disorder was suspected of the bronchospasm associated with inadequate anesthesia. We ventilated her manually with a bag in Fowler position for twenty minutes, and then mechanically by pressure controlled ventilation. She recovered gradually. It is concluded that in obese patients undergoing operation in prone position, changing position should be done very carefully during adequate anesthesia, understanding respiratory physiology in positioning and considering the effect of the abdominal fatty tissue to the diaphragm.
|
['Aged', 'Bronchial Spasm', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Obesity', 'Posture', 'Prone Position', 'Pulmonary Atelectasis', 'Respiration Disorders', 'Spinal Fusion', 'Supine Position']
| 23,431,901
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C08.127.321'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['G11.427.695'], ['G11.427.695.525'], ['C08.381.730'], ['C08.618'], ['E04.555.100.700'], ['G11.427.695.625']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
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Hepatitis C virus core, NS3, NS5A, NS5B proteins induce apoptosis in mature dendritic cells.
|
Although reasons for hepatitis C virus (HCV) persistence are still unknown, specific cellular immune responses appear to influence the pathogenesis and outcome of the infection. Apoptosis of cells infected by viruses may appear suicidal to the viruses that induce programmed cell death of its host. However, apoptosis has been suggested to be a response to virus infection as a mean of facilitating virus dissemination. Annexin V-propidium iodide staining and DNA fragmentation, were used to show that expression of the core, NS3, NS5A, or NS5B protein induces apoptosis in mature dendritic cells. In addition, immunoblotting was used to demonstrate that expression level of p21waf1/cip1 protein decreased in cells expressing one of these HCV proteins. No expression of p53 could be detected and expression of Akt was independent of HCV proteins expression. These results suggest that the effect of these HCV proteins on HCV associated pathogenesis may be linked (at least partially) to its ability to modulate apoptosis pathways in mature dendritic cells.
|
['Apoptosis', 'Cell Cycle Proteins', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21', 'DNA Fragmentation', 'Dendritic Cells', 'Hepacivirus', 'Humans', 'Immunoblotting', 'Phenotype', 'Propidium', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'Transduction, Genetic', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53', 'Viral Nonstructural Proteins']
| 15,648,076
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['D12.776.167'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.644.360.225.500', 'D12.776.157.687.250', 'D12.776.167.187.500', 'D12.776.476.225.500', 'D12.776.624.776.355.500', 'D12.776.660.720.250'], ['G05.200.230'], ['A11.066.270', 'A11.436.270', 'A15.382.066.270', 'A15.382.670.260'], ['B04.450.380', 'B04.820.578.344.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.320', 'E05.601.470.320'], ['G05.695'], ['D03.633.300.633.700'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.755', 'D12.776.476.565', 'D12.776.624.664.700.168'], ['E05.393.350.800', 'G05.728.850'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845'], ['D12.776.964.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Further investigations of equine interferons in vitro.
|
Following a published procedure, preparations of equine interferon (EqIFN) were prepared. Equine mononuclear leukocytes were induced with equine influenza virus to yield a preparation designated EqIFN-alpha, or with phytohemagglutinin to yield a preparation designated EqIFN-gamma. A preparation designated EqIFN-beta was obtained from equine embryo kidney cells treated with poly(rI):poly(rC) and DEAE Dextran. The pH and heat stability of these preparations were studied, and also their activity on various equine and ovine cells challenged with difference viruses. Unexpectedly, the EqIFN-gamma preparation was found to be stable at pH 2 and to heat at 60 degrees C for 2 h, whereas the EqIFN-beta preparation was labile under these conditions.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Horses', 'Hot Temperature', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Interferons']
| 2,474,038
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['G02.300'], ['D12.644.276.374.440', 'D12.776.467.374.440', 'D23.529.374.440']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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| 1
| 0
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Occlusive dressing versus oxygen mist therapy following CO2 laser resurfacing.
|
BACKGROUND: Oxygen is an essential element for collagen synthesis and reepithelialization. The use of topical oxygen after CO2 laser resurfacing has not been studied.OBJECTIVE: To compare the rate and quality of healing in wounds treated with an oxygen mist to those treated with occlusive dressing following CO2 laser resurfacing.METHODS: Three patients underwent CO2 laser resurfacing to each half of the face 3 weeks apart. Postoperatively, half of the face was treated with an oxygen mist protocol for 5 days, while the other half was treated with occlusive dressing for 4 days.RESULTS: At postoperative day 5, significantly less crusting was observed on the half of the face treated with the oxygen mist protocol (p < 0.05).CONCLUSION: The oxygen mist postoperative protocol may offer patients similar overall healing rates and significantly less crusting compared to occlusive dressing.
|
['Aged', 'Face', 'Humans', 'Laser Therapy', 'Middle Aged', 'Occlusive Dressings', 'Oxygen', 'Postoperative Care', 'Rhytidoplasty', 'Wound Healing']
| 10,848,939
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['A01.456.505'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.594', 'E04.014.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E07.101.650'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['E02.760.731.700', 'E04.604.500', 'N02.421.585.722.700'], ['E02.218.765', 'E04.680.275.700'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
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| 1
| 0
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Respiratory changes after stereotactic high cervical cord lesions for pain.
|
Stereotactic cordotomy affected forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1) less than open cordotomy, but 11 of 15 patients had some effect on respiratory functions. Central cord lesions produced a small (9%) fall in values. Of 10 patients with trigeminal lesions 7 had no charge in respiratory function, but 2 had reduction of more 50% associated with transient extremity paresis, attributed to injury to a corticospinal pathway to respiratory neurones.
|
['Humans', 'Nerve Crush', 'Pain Management', 'Respiration Disorders', 'Spinal Cord', 'Stereotaxic Techniques']
| 3,532,951
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.525.210.560'], ['E02.745', 'N04.590.607.500'], ['C08.618'], ['A08.186.854'], ['E04.525.800', 'E05.873']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Temperature Sensitivity Conferred by ligA Alleles from Psychrophilic Bacteria upon Substitution in Mesophilic Bacteria and a Yeast Species.
|
We have assembled a collection of 13 psychrophilic ligA alleles that can serve as genetic elements for engineering mesophiles to a temperature-sensitive (TS) phenotype. When these ligA alleles were substituted into Francisella novicida, they conferred a TS phenotype with restrictive temperatures between 33 and 39°C. When the F. novicida ligA hybrid strains were plated above their restrictive temperatures, eight of them generated temperature-resistant variants. For two alleles, the mutations that led to temperature resistance clustered near the 5' end of the gene, and the mutations increased the predicted strength of the ribosome binding site at least 3-fold. Four F. novicida ligA hybrid strains generated no temperature-resistant variants at a detectable level. These results suggest that multiple mutations are needed to create temperature-resistant variants of these ligA gene products. One ligA allele was isolated from a Colwellia species that has a maximal growth temperature of 12°C, and this allele supported growth of F. novicida only as a hybrid between the psychrophilic and the F. novicida ligA genes. However, the full psychrophilic gene alone supported the growth of Salmonella enterica, imparting a restrictive temperature of 27°C. We also tested two ligA alleles from two Pseudoalteromonas strains for their ability to support the viability of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain that lacked its essential gene, CDC9, encoding an ATP-dependent DNA ligase. In both cases, the psychrophilic bacterial alleles supported yeast viability and their expression generated TS phenotypes. This collection of ligA alleles should be useful in engineering bacteria, and possibly eukaryotic microbes, to predictable TS phenotypes.
|
['Bacteria', 'DNA Ligases', 'Enzyme Stability', 'Gene Expression', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Temperature']
| 26,773,080
|
[['B03'], ['D08.811.074.500', 'D08.811.464.754.600'], ['E05.916.360', 'G02.111.700.500'], ['G05.297'], ['D12.776.828'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Local activation of Rap1 contributes to directional vascular endothelial cell migration accompanied by extension of microtubules on which RAPL, a Rap1-associating molecule, localizes.
|
Endothelial cell migration is promoted by chemoattractants and is accompanied with microtubule extension toward the leading edge. Cytoskeletal microtubules polarize to function as rails for delivering a variety of molecules by motor proteins during cell migration. It remains, however, unclear how directional migration with polarized extension of microtubules is regulated. Here we report that Rap1 controls the migration of vascular endothelial cells. We found that Rap1-associating molecule, RAPL, which belongs to the Ras association domain family (Rassf), localized on microtubules and that activated Rap1 induced dissociation of RAPL from microtubules. A Rap1 activation-monitoring probe based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer enabled us to demonstrate that local Rap1 activation occurs at the leading edge of the cells under the two types of cell migration, chemotaxis and wound healing. Time lapse imaging of microtubules marked by enhanced green fluorescent protein-RAPL showed the directional growth of microtubules toward the leading edge of the migrating cells. Using adenovirus, inactivation of Rap1 by expression of rap1GAPII inhibited wound healing. In addition, disconnection of Rap1 and RAPL by expression of a RAPL mutant also perturbed wound healing. Collectively, the locally activated Rap1 and its association with RAPL controls the directional migration of vascular endothelial cells.
|
['Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing', 'Adenoviridae', 'Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Movement', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytoskeleton', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer', 'Green Fluorescent Proteins', 'Humans', 'Immunoblotting', 'Immunoprecipitation', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Microtubules', 'Models, Biological', 'Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins', 'Plasmids', 'Protein Binding', 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Time Factors', 'Wound Healing', 'rap1 GTP-Binding Proteins']
| 15,569,673
|
[['D12.644.360.024', 'D12.776.157.057', 'D12.776.476.024'], ['B04.280.030'], ['D12.644.360.075', 'D12.776.476.075'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676.500', 'G01.154.240.280', 'G02.111.255.280'], ['D12.776.532.265'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.320', 'E05.601.470.320'], ['E05.196.150.639', 'E05.478.605'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750.602'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400', 'D12.644.360.525', 'D12.776.157.325.515', 'D12.776.476.525'], ['G05.360.600'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['G01.910.857'], ['G16.762.891'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.475.100', 'D12.644.360.525.475.100', 'D12.776.157.325.515.475.100', 'D12.776.476.525.475.100']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Association of TAP gene polymorphisms and risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.
|
BACKGROUND: Transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) is responsible for peptide loading onto class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I) molecules. TAP seems to facilitate the detection of HPV by MHC-I molecules and contributes to successful eradication of HPV. TAP polymorphisms could have an important impact on the course of HPV infection.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between five TAP gene polymorphisms and the risk of CIN. Methods. This case-control study investigated five common TAP polymorphisms in TAP1 (1341 and 2254) and TAP2 (1135, 1693, and 1993) in 616 women with CIN and 206 controls. Associations between gene polymorphisms and risk of CIN were analysed by univariate and multivariable models. The combined effect of the five TAP gene polymorphisms on the risk for CIN was investigated by haplotype analysis.RESULTS: No significant difference in genotype distribution of the five TAP polymorphisms was observed in women with CIN and controls. Haplotype analysis revealed that women with haplotype mut-wt-wt-wt-wt (TAP polymorphisms t1135-t1341-t1693-t1993-t2254) had a significantly lower risk for CIN, compared to women with the haplotype wt-wt-wt-wt-wt (P = 0.006; OR 0.5 [0.35-0.84]).CONCLUSION: Identification of this haplotype combination could be used to identify women, less susceptible for development of CIN following HPV infection.
|
['ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 2', 'ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 3', 'ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia', 'Female', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genetic Association Studies', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Haplotypes', 'Humans', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Risk Factors', 'Uterine Cervical Neoplasms']
| 24,288,424
|
[['D12.776.157.530.100.075.250', 'D12.776.157.530.450.074.500.500.250.250', 'D12.776.395.550.020.400.305', 'D12.776.543.550.192.400.305', 'D12.776.543.585.100.200.250', 'D12.776.543.585.450.074.500.500.250.250'], ['D12.776.157.530.100.075.500', 'D12.776.157.530.450.074.500.500.250.375', 'D12.776.395.550.020.400.458', 'D12.776.543.550.192.400.458', 'D12.776.543.585.100.200.375', 'D12.776.543.585.450.074.500.500.250.375'], ['D12.776.157.530.100', 'D12.776.395.550.020', 'D12.776.543.550.192', 'D12.776.543.585.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C04.557.470.200.240.250'], ['G05.330'], ['E05.393.385'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['G05.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C04.588.945.418.948.850', 'C13.351.500.852.593.131', 'C13.351.500.852.762.850', 'C13.351.937.418.875.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Prolonged pregnancies. A comparison before and after introduction of ultrasonics].
|
Since 1980, when the County Hospital of Alesund introduced routine ultrasound examination in the 19th week of pregnancy to predict the date of delivery, there was a dramatic reduction in the number of pregnancies considered to be overdue. This study compares a period before routine ultrasound was introduced, when the predicted day of delivery was based upon Naegele's rule. (Period I, 1975/76, 2,683 deliveries), with a period when 97.3% of the pregnant population had an ultrasound examination to predict the day of delivery (Period II, 1984/85, 2,545 deliveries). The ultrasound examination consisted of measurement of the biparietal diameter in the 19th week of pregnancy. The postdate pregnancies were reduced from 14.8% in period I, to 1.8% in period II. The induction of labour due to postdate pregnancy was reduced from 7.2 to 1.4%. The total number of days of hospitalization for overdue pregnancy was reduced from 415 in period I, to 58 days in period II. Despite this dramatic reduction in controls and induction of overdue pregnancies, the perinatal mortality is reduced from 14 til 6.6%. This is also discussed in the article.
|
['Female', 'Humans', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy, Prolonged', 'Ultrasonography']
| 2,643,200
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.805'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Transnational solidarity? Cross-border heath-care in the European Union].
|
The responsibilities of the European Union surrounding public health are concentrated on co-ordinating and complementary practices. A mandatory European harmonization of standards and policies is in effect in only a few areas such as pharmaceutical authorization and health protection at the workplace. The implementation of single market rights over the national health-care systems (negative integration) is growing at the European level. This has ambivalent repercussions. Whilst the rights of patients on the basis of the four fundamental freedoms in the context of cross-border health-care have got stronger, national governments see themselves confronted with a limitation of scope for their health-care policies. The basic principles of the integration project place European pressure on national governments. They are subject to sanctions if their policies are not directly in accordance with the single market concept.
|
['Cooperative Behavior', 'Delivery of Health Care, Integrated', 'Europe', 'European Union', 'Germany', 'Health Plan Implementation', 'Health Policy', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Humans', 'Interdisciplinary Communication', 'International Cooperation', 'Marketing of Health Services', 'National Health Programs', 'Patient Advocacy', 'Politics', 'Public Health Practice']
| 20,191,439
|
[['F01.145.813.115'], ['N04.590.374.142', 'N05.300.262'], ['Z01.542'], ['I01.615.500.475'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['N03.349.300'], ['I01.655.500.608.400', 'I01.880.604.825.608.400', 'N03.623.500.608.428'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401.205.249', 'L01.143.865.500'], ['I01.615.500'], ['J01.219.687.550', 'N03.219.463.548', 'N05.300.430.500'], ['N03.349.550'], ['I01.880.604.631', 'N03.706.678'], ['I01.738'], ['N06.850.780']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient is a Useful Biomarker for Monitoring Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy of Renal Ischemic-Reperfusion Injury.
|
PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the potential of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for monitoring adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADMSC) therapy of renal ischemic-reperfusion injury (IRI).PROCEDURES: After baseline magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 36 Sprague-Dawley rats with bilateral renal IRI were divided equally as groups 1, 2, and 3 (non-treated rats) and groups 4, 5, and 6 (ADMSC-treated rats, with 2 million ADMSCs injected via the tail vein at 6 h after IRI). Groups 1 and 4, 2 and 5, and 3 and 6 were euthanized at days 1, 3, and 7, respectively, after renal MRI. The ratios of ADC at different time points to baseline values in the cortex, outer, and inner stripes of outer medulla (OSOM/ISOM), assessments of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), CD68+ cells, tubular cast formation, and degree of fibrosis in three zones over time were compared between the non-treated and ADMSC-treated rats.RESULTS: Among three zones, the differences in cortical ADC and immunohistochemical changes between the non-treated and ADMSC-treated IRI rats over time were less obvious. Compared with the non-treated rats, the ADMSC-treated rats exhibited significantly higher ADC ratios of OSOM and ISOM at days 1 and 3 corresponding to significantly less MCP-1 staining, CD68+ cells, and tubular casts. From day 3 to day 7, coupling with the decrement of MCP-1 and CD68+ cells in IRI kidneys, the effect of cell density on ADC declined. By day 7, the ADMSC-treated rats showed significantly higher ADC ratios of ISOM than the non-treated IRI rats, indicating better recovery, which could be related to significantly fewer tubular casts and marked amelioration of fibrosis.CONCLUSIONS: We suggest ADC is a useful in vivo biomarker for monitoring ADMSC therapy of renal IRI.
|
['Adipose Tissue', 'Animals', 'Biomarkers', 'Creatinine', 'Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Mesenchymal Stem Cells', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Reperfusion Injury', 'Time Factors']
| 29,549,575
|
[['A10.165.114'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.101'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['E01.370.350.825.500.150'], ['A05.810.453'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.625', 'E04.936.225.687.625'], ['A11.329.830.500', 'A11.872.590.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['C14.907.725', 'C23.550.767.877'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Differential binding of a CCAAT DNA binding factor to the promoters of the mouse alpha 2(I) and alpha 1(III) collagen genes.
|
An exonuclease III assay (Wu, C. (1985) Nature 317, 84-87) was used to identify in nuclear extracts of NIH 3T3 cells a factor which binds to the CCAAT segment of the alpha 2(I) collagen promoter between -80 and -84. This sequence is located on the coding strand in the alpha 2(I) collagen promoter. Binding is specific since only promoter fragments which contain the CCAAT box sequences on one or the other DNA strand inhibit binding to the alpha 2(I) collagen CCAAT box. The CCAAT binding factor protects approximately 26 base pairs of the alpha 2(I) collagen promoter from exonuclease III digestion. Binding to the alpha 2(I) collagen promoter CCAAT box is not inhibited by a fragment of the alpha 1(III) collagen promoter (from -396 to +16), which does not contain a CCAAT sequence on either one or the other strand. Our data suggest that two genes such as the alpha 2(I) and alpha 1(III) collagen genes, which are coordinately expressed in many tissues, are not necessarily regulated by the same trans-acting DNA binding proteins.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'Binding, Competitive', 'Collagen', 'DNA', 'Exodeoxyribonucleases', 'Fibroblasts', 'Mice', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic']
| 3,733,754
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['E05.196.080', 'G02.111.084', 'G02.111.570.120.309'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D08.811.277.352.335.375', 'D08.811.277.352.365.290'], ['A11.329.228'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pulmonary hypoplasia in Jarcho-Levin syndrome.
|
Jarcho-Levin syndrome, also known as spondylothoracic dysplasia and characterized by short trunk dwarfism, "crab-like" rib cage, with ribs and vertebral defects; it is not uncommon in Puerto Ricans. Many patients die in early infancy due to respiratory compromise associated to lung restriction and the reported cases emphasize mostly the skeletal malformations associated to the syndrome. We report the autopsy findings in a newborn with isolated Jarcho-Levin syndrome emphasizing pulmonary pathology. He was a pre-term male who died of respiratory failure at three hours old and, autopsy findings confirmed the clinical diagnosis. Internal examination showed hypoplastic lungs with normal lobation. The histological structure appeared normal and relatively mature; the diaphragm showed eventration and unilateral absence of musculature. This case shows the worst spectum of the Jarcho-Levin syndrome: pulmonary hypoplasia not compatible with extrauterine life. Since thoracic restriction is present during the fetal period, the degree of pulmonary hypoplasia probably defines survival beyond the neonatal period.
|
['Abnormalities, Multiple', 'Apgar Score', 'Autopsy', 'Dwarfism', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Premature', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Radiography, Thoracic', 'Ribs', 'Spine', 'Syndrome']
| 15,125,221
|
[['C16.131.077'], ['E01.370.600.050'], ['E01.370.060', 'E05.070', 'I01.198.780.937.120'], ['C05.116.099.343', 'C16.320.240', 'C19.297'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.703.520.520'], ['A04.411'], ['E01.370.350.700.730'], ['A02.835.232.570.500'], ['A02.835.232.834'], ['C23.550.288.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[The value of joint general practitioner and rheumatologist consultations in primary care patients].
|
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of regular referral by general practitioners to the Rheumatology outpatients' clinic with that of joint consultations by general practitioners (GPs) and rheumatologists, and to compare the subsequent treatment policy followed.DESIGN: Randomised.METHOD: In 1999 and 2000 all rheumatological patients who, according to the 17 participating GPs in the Maastricht region had an indication for referral, were referred to the outpatients' clinic or seen during a joint consultation where three GPs and one rheumatologist decided on a treatment policy in the presence of the patient. Agreement about diagnosis and diagnostic and therapeutic approaches between the rheumatologists and GPs was determined using questionnaires. The patient's state of health was assessed using the 'EuroQol health-related quality of life questionnaire' (EuroQol) and their satisfaction was determined by means of questionnaires.RESULTS: One hundred and sixty-six patients were included: 45 (27%) men and 121 (73%) women, with an average age of 53.7 years (SD: 14). The rheumatologists and the GPs differed in opinion on the diagnosis in 64% of the patients. Agreement on diagnosis resulted in greater agreement on the treatment policy than when there were discrepancies about the diagnosis. The rheumatologist used additional diagnostic tools and follow-up consultations at the outpatient clinic (78% and 65%) more frequently than during the joint consultation (44% and 15%). Patient satisfaction and general state of health were comparable in both groups.
|
['Family Practice', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interprofessional Relations', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Netherlands', 'Outpatient Clinics, Hospital', 'Patient Satisfaction', "Practice Patterns, Physicians'", 'Referral and Consultation', 'Rheumatic Diseases', 'Rheumatology', 'Unnecessary Procedures']
| 12,666,516
|
[['H02.403.340.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401.205'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.542.651'], ['N02.278.035.380', 'N02.278.216.500.968.527', 'N04.452.442.452.422.527'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['N04.590.374.577', 'N05.300.625'], ['N04.452.758.849'], ['C05.799', 'C17.300.775'], ['H02.403.429.730'], ['N02.421.380.450.500', 'N05.300.150.395.450.500']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
SH3 ligands in the dopamine D3 receptor.
|
It has recently been observed that G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) can interact with SH3 domains through polyproline motifs. These interactions appear to be involved in receptor internalization and MAPK signalling. Here we report that the third cytoplasmic loop of the dopamine D3 receptor can interact in vitro with the adaptor protein Grb2. While the amino- and carboxy-terminal SH3 domains of Grb2 separately did not interact with the D3 receptor loop, the interaction is at least partially maintained with a Grb2 mutant for the amino-terminal SH3 domain, but disrupted for a Grb2 mutant with a nonfunctional carboxy-terminal SH3 domain. The data indicate the need of structural integrity of the entire Grb2 protein for the interaction and dominant role of the carboxy-terminal SH3 domain in the interaction. Disruption of the PXXP motifs in the D3 receptor did not affect the interaction with Grb2. These results indicate that GPCRs may contain SH3 ligands that do not contain the postulated minimal consensus sequence PXXP.
|
['Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing', 'Amino Acid Motifs', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'CHO Cells', 'COS Cells', 'Cricetinae', 'Cytoplasm', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'GRB2 Adaptor Protein', 'Glutathione Transferase', 'Ligands', 'MAP Kinase Signaling System', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'Plasmids', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Proteins', 'Receptors, Dopamine D2', 'Receptors, Dopamine D3', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'src Homology Domains']
| 11,384,839
|
[['D12.644.360.024', 'D12.776.157.057', 'D12.776.476.024'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500', 'G02.111.570.820.709.600.500'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210.200', 'A11.436.155'], ['A11.251.210.172.500', 'A11.329.228.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['A11.284.430.214'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D12.644.360.024.290', 'D12.776.157.057.041', 'D12.776.476.024.377'], ['D08.811.913.225.500'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['G02.111.820.560', 'G03.493.560', 'G04.835.560'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.360.600'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D12.776'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.400.500', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.400.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.400.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.400.500.249', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.400.500.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.400.500.249'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.500.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Some emerging food and water borne pathogens.
|
Emerging pathogens are those infective organisms whose incidence has recently increased or is likely to increase during the next two decades due to changes in demography, food habits, food technology, commerce, water sources and environmental factors. Some important emerging food and water borne bacterial pathogens include Listeria monocytogenes, Campylobacter jejuni, Yersinia enterocolitica, Salmonella enteritidis, Escherichia coli O157: H7, Vibrio cholerae biotype E1 Tor Serotype 0139, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Aeromonas hydrophila, A. sobria, and A. caviae. The prevalence, ecological relationships of these organisms, their transmission through food, water and other environmental sources, and role of their virulent factors in the pathogenesis of infections and their public health significance is discussed in this paper with special reference to the situation in India.
|
['Animals', 'Bacterial Infections', 'Cattle', 'Disease Reservoirs', 'Food Microbiology', 'India', 'Water Microbiology']
| 10,810,592
|
[['B01.050'], ['C01.150.252'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['N06.850.520.203.250'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.332', 'J01.576.423.850.730.500.249.300', 'N06.850.425.200', 'N06.850.460.400.300', 'N06.850.601.500.249.300'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.777', 'N06.850.425.450']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[Analysis of overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor-C in patients with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma].
|
OBJECTIVE: To explore the vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) expression and its clinical significance in malignant lymphoma.METHODS: Lymphoma cells were isolated by laser microdissection. VEGF-C expression in lymphoma tissue and microdissected lymphoma cells was measured by realtime quantitative PCR. Meanwhile, vessel ultrastructure was identified by transmission electron microscopy.RESULTS: Comparing with that in 8 patients with reactive lymphocyte hyperplasia, VEGF-C was overexpressed in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, both in lymphoma tissue (n = 18, P = 0.0020) and in microdissected lymphoma cells (n = 10, P < 0.0001). Increased VEGF-C level was associated with bone marrow infiltration (P = 0.0039), skin involvement (P = 0.0046) and high-risk international prognostic index (P = 0.0302). In VEGF-C overexpressed cases, ultrastructural study showed dystrophic vessels, with swelling endothelial cells and absence of pericytes.CONCLUSION: The value of VEGF-C expression might be a biomarker of disease progression in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunoblastic Lymphadenopathy', 'Lymphoma, T-Cell', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neovascularization, Pathologic', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C']
| 18,399,170
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C15.604.338.500', 'C15.604.515.509', 'C20.683.515.501'], ['C04.557.386.480.750', 'C15.604.515.569.480.750', 'C20.683.515.761.480.750'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.589.500'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.400', 'D12.776.467.100.800.400', 'D23.529.100.800.400']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Mutations in the gene encoding the alpha-subunit of the Gs protein in molar pregnancy.
|
Molar pregnancy is a gestational trophoblastic disease associated with a trophoblastic proliferation and a protein synthesis alteration. It is characterized by the presence of hydatiform moles, which are fluid-filled cysts derived from the chorionic villi of the placenta. Recent studies have reported a reduced expression of several types of G proteins including Gsalpha in molar pregnancies suggesting alterations in G protein structure in hydatiform moles. To identify mutations that lead to Gsalpha deficiency, we isolated genomic DNA from hydatiform moles and used polymerase chain reaction to amplify all exons of the Gsalpha gene. Amplified Gsalpha gene fragments were analyzed by sequencing using the dideoxy chain termination method. Tissues obtained from three complete hydatiform moles and one partial hydatiform mole were examined. We have identified a heterozygous 8-bp deletion in exon 10 of the Gsalpha gene, in two complete hydatiform moles, that had evidence for a dysfunctional Gsalpha protein. This deletion produced a truncated protein. We have also identified a heterozygous polymorphism in exon 5 in two complete hydatiform moles, and a homozygous substitution (A-->G) in intron 5 of the Gsalpha gene in the other complete hydatiform mole; these two last types of mutations should not have any effects on protein activity.
|
['Adult', 'Alleles', 'Base Sequence', 'Exons', 'Female', 'GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs', 'Humans', 'Hydatidiform Mole', 'Introns', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'Oncogene Proteins', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Pregnancy', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction']
| 10,668,646
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.200.100.400', 'D12.644.360.360.100.400', 'D12.776.157.325.332.100.400', 'D12.776.476.375.100.400', 'D12.776.543.325.100.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.465.955.416.812', 'C04.850.908.416.750', 'C13.703.720.949.416.875'], ['G05.360.340.024.220.400', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.515'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D12.776.624.664'], ['G05.365.795'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.393.620.500.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Daptomycin in the treatment of bacteremia.
|
The aim of this study was to describe the clinical experience with daptomycin in the treatment of bacteremia. Patients with a diagnosis of catheter-related or non-catheter-related bacteremia and no other concurrent infection were identified from the Cubicin Outcomes Registry and Experience (CORE) 2004. Treatment success was determined by investigators using protocol criteria and defined as cure or improvement. Of 168 patients with bacteremia, 126 were clinically evaluable. Of those, 52 (41%) patients were aged > or =66 years, 54 (43%) received daptomycin in an intensive care unit, and 25 (20%) had chronic renal failure. The most common pathogens isolated were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (33%), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (30%), and coagulase-negative staphylococci (30%). Of 126 patients, 86% received daptomycin after previous antibiotic therapy and most (69%) received concomitant antibiotics with daptomycin. Daptomycin therapy was started at a median dose of 4.0 mg/kg (range, 2.5 to 9.2 mg/kg). Daptomycin therapy had an overall clinical success rate of 89%. Clinical success was independent of baseline renal function, daptomycin dose, pathogen, first-line use, or concomitant antibiotic therapy. These results support the findings of a recent study in which daptomycin was demonstrated to be an effective option in the treatment of S aureus bacteremia. Data in the current study provide insight into the clinical experience using daptomycin to treat bacteremia caused by other gram-positive pathogens. Given the limitations of retrospective studies and lack of follow-up data, additional studies are needed to make definitive evaluations with these pathogens.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bacteremia', 'Daptomycin', 'Female', 'Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections', 'Humans', 'Kidney Diseases', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Product Surveillance, Postmarketing']
| 17,904,947
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['C01.150.252.100', 'C01.757.100', 'C23.550.470.790.500.100'], ['D04.345.566.270', 'D10.477.500', 'D12.644.365.500', 'D12.644.641.270'], ['C01.150.252.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419', 'C13.351.968.419'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.337.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A Novel Clinical Prediction Model for Prognosis in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Using Decision Tree Analysis.
|
INTRODUCTION: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare cancer with a heterogeneous prognosis. Prognostic models are not widely utilized clinically. Classification and regression tree (CART) analysis examines the interaction of multiple variables with a given outcome.METHODS: Between 2005 and 2014, all cases with pathologically confirmed MPM had routinely available histological, clinical, and laboratory characteristics recorded. Classification and regression tree analysis was performed using 29 variables with 18-month survival as the dependent variable. Risk groups were refined according to survival and clinical characteristics. The model was then tested on an external international cohort.RESULTS: A total of 482 cases were included in the derivation cohort; the median survival was 12.6 months, and the median age was 69 years. The model defined four risk groups with clear survival differences (p < 0.0001). The strongest predictive variable was the presence of weight loss. The group with the best survival at 18 months (86.7% alive, median survival 34.0 months, termed risk group 1) had no weight loss, a hemoglobin level greater than 153 g/L, and a serum albumin level greater than 43 g/L. The group with the worst survival (0% alive, median survival 7.5 months, termed risk group 4d) had weight loss, a performance score of 0 or 1, and sarcomatoid histological characteristics. The C-statistic for the model was 0.761, and the sensitivity was 94.5%. Validation on 174 external cases confirmed the model's ability to discriminate between risk groups in an alternative data set with fair performance (C-statistic 0.68).CONCLUSIONS: We have developed and validated a simple, clinically relevant model to reliably discriminate patients at high and lower risk of death using routinely available variables from the time of diagnosis in unselected populations of patients with MPM.
|
['Aged', 'Cohort Studies', 'Decision Trees', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Mesothelioma', 'Mesothelioma, Malignant', 'Models, Statistical', 'Pleural Neoplasms', 'Prognosis']
| 26,776,867
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['G17.162.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['C04.557.470.035.510', 'C04.557.470.660.510'], ['C04.557.470.035.510.757', 'C04.557.470.660.510.757', 'C04.588.894.797.520.173', 'C04.588.894.797.640.350', 'C08.381.540.144', 'C08.785.520.124', 'C08.785.640.350'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['C04.588.894.797.640', 'C08.528.694', 'C08.785.640'], ['E01.789']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Variables explaining health-related quality of life in community-dwelling older adults.
|
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although health-related quality of life (HRQL) has been linked to numerous factors in older adults, limited or conflicting studies have investigated variables explaining HRQL in healthy, community-dwelling older adults. The purpose of this study was to determine whether physical activity, gait speed, balance, strength, endurance, and flexibility were associated with HRQL in healthy, community-dwelling older adults.METHODS: Participants of this cross-sectional, correlational research design study included residents of a senior living community, aged 60 years and older who were independent in at least unlimited household ambulation. These residents participated in tests of physical activity, gait speed, balance, strength, endurance, flexibility, and HRQL (Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form Health Survey, SF-36). The physical (PCS) and mental (MCS) component summary scores of the SF-36 were calculated.RESULTS: Data were collected on 84 participants (mean [SD] age = 78.6 (5.9) years, 54.8% women). Significant correlations were found between the PCS and fast gait speed (FGS) (r = 0.43; p < .001), the Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale (r = 0.44; p < .001), 8-ft up-and-go (r = -0.34; p = .002), and chair stand (r = 0.37; P = .001). Only body mass index (BMI) (r = 0.30; p = .007) was significantly correlated with MCS. Forward stepwise linear regression analyses were conducted, controlling for age, sex, and BMI, to identify factors associated with the PCS and MCS. In the model using PCS as the dependent variable, FGS accounted for 26% of the variance (R2 change) in PCS over and above age, sex, and BMI (R2 change = 0.03); for the full model, F = 5.37, p = .001. In the regression analysis using MCS as the dependent variable, only the 8-ft up-and-go was retained (R2 change = 0.06) over and above age, sex, and BMI (R2 change = 0.16); for the full model, F = 3.71, p = .01.DISCUSSION: Fast gait speed, balance, and lower body strength were associated with the PCS of the SF-36; however, FGS was the only variable that uniquely contributed to the variance in the PCS. Body mass index was associated with the MCS; however, only balance uniquely contributed to the variance in the MCS. Physical activity was not associated with the PCS or MCS.CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study support the assessment of FGS in community-dwelling older adults to gain insight into physical health status. Interventions directed toward FGS, balance, and BMI may contribute to optimum HRQL in this population.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Exercise', 'Female', 'Health Status', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscle Strength', 'Physical Fitness', 'Quality of Life', 'Residence Characteristics']
| 23,959,246
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.600.425', 'G11.427.560'], ['G11.427.685', 'I03.450.642.845.054.800', 'N01.400.545'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['N01.224.791', 'N06.850.505.400.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Primary care and local health departments: the initiation of a state-sponsored grant program.
|
This study examines factors that differentiate health service organizations that were successful applicants for a grant program to initiate primary-care services from a matched sample of organizations that did not apply for the program. Factors that were different between the two sets of organizations include the attitudes and behaviors of physicians in the local community, previous success of the organization in obtaining grant support, and employee perceptions of selected organizational and grant program characteristics. These findings suggest that factors both internal and external to the organization are influential in decisions to initiate activities sponsored through grant programs. Implications of these findings for the design of state block grant programs are discussed.
|
['Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Community Health Services', 'Financing, Government', 'Health Services Needs and Demand', 'Humans', 'North Carolina', 'Primary Health Care', 'Public Health Administration']
| 6,678,262
|
[['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['N02.421.143'], ['N03.219.521.346'], ['N03.349.380.420', 'N05.300.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.475', 'Z01.107.567.875.750.530'], ['N04.590.233.727'], ['N04.452.794']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
The relationship between parafunctional masticatory activity and arthroscopically diagnosed temporomandibular joint pathology.
|
PURPOSE: The purpose of this investigation was to assess the relationship between parafunctional masticatory activity and arthroscopically visualized changes in patients with severe, unremitting symptoms caused by intra-articular temporomandibular joint pathology. The working hypothesis was that the presence of parafunctional activity leads to increased arthroscopically diagnosed pathology.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Temporomandibular joint arthroscopy was performed on 124 joints in 83 patients (female:male, 5.4:1; mean age, 35 years; mean duration of symptoms, 49 months) with severe symptoms unresponsive to nonsurgical management. Preoperatively, the presence of parafunctional habits (bruxism, clenching) was assessed, and joints were classified as either with or without parafunctional influences. Joints were diagnosed arthroscopically and assessed for the presence or absence of osteoarthritis, synovitis, and adhesions. Analyses were performed to determine significant relationships between parafunctional activity and the presence of osteoarthritis, synovitis, and adhesions.RESULTS: Parafunctional influences were present in 82 of 124 joints (66%). Clinically diagnosed osteoarthritis was present in 59 of 124 joints (48%) and arthroscopically diagnosed osteoarthritis was seen in 82 of 124 joints (66%). Arthroscopically, synovitis was diagnosed in 123 of 124 joints (99%) and adhesions in 93 of 124 joints (75%). Statistical analyses showed a significant relationship between parafunction and clinically diagnosed osteoarthritis, and suggested a close relationship between parafunction and arthroscopically diagnosed osteoarthritis. A significant association between clinically and arthroscopically diagnosed osteoarthritis and adhesions was also demonstrated. There also was no significant relationship detected between parafunction and the presence of synovitis or adhesions seen arthroscopically.CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that parafunctional masticatory activity and its influence on joint loading contribute to osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joint. Such osteoarthritis is associated with adhesions of the joint. Arthroscopically diagnosed synovitis is not specifically associated with parafunction, and it appears that numerous other causative factors may contribute to its development in the TMJ. Because abnormal joint loading is a major causative factor in cartilage degradation, biochemical and biomechanical abnormalities, and intraarticular temporomandibular pathology, clinicians must identify and address parafunctional masticatory activity during nonsurgical, surgical, and postsurgical treatment regimens.
|
['Adult', 'Arthroscopy', 'Bite Force', 'Bruxism', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Dental Stress Analysis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mastication', 'Osteoarthritis', 'Synovitis', 'Temporomandibular Joint', 'Temporomandibular Joint Disc', 'Temporomandibular Joint Disorders', 'Tissue Adhesions']
| 10,484,103
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.388.250.070', 'E04.502.250.070', 'E04.555.113'], ['E06.276.125'], ['C07.793.099', 'F01.145.466.132', 'F01.470.315.500'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['E06.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G07.203.650.283.500', 'G10.261.330.500'], ['C05.550.114.606', 'C05.799.613'], ['C05.550.870'], ['A02.835.583.861', 'A14.907'], ['A02.835.583.861.900', 'A14.907.900'], ['C05.500.607.221.897', 'C05.550.905', 'C05.651.243.897', 'C07.320.610.291.897', 'C07.678'], ['C23.550.355.274.840']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Impact of Porous Excipients on the Manufacturability and Product Performance of Solid Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems.
|
FDA-approved self-emulsifying medicines rely on liquid-based formulations, which can exhibit limited stability and short shelf-lives. Solid self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) can improve such issues, but there is still a great need for identifying suitable porous carriers to convert liquid SEDDS into solids without impairing their mechanical properties, functionality, and industrial feasibility. The impact of SEDDS adsorption on tableting is also poorly understood. Therefore, solid SEDDS were prepared by adsorbing liquid SEDDS onto ten commercially available porous excipients. Products were assessed with respect to mechanical behavior, tabletability, and product performance. Adsorbing SEDDS onto porous excipients led to satisfactory stability, with the exception of Zeopharm® 600 due to its high alkalinity, and Neusilin® US2/UFL2, which caused quercetin to crystallize out of the liquid concentrate. SEDDS adsorption reduced the elastic recovery of most excipients, making tableting achievable using Aeroperl® 300 and Aerosil® 200/300. The impact of SEDDS on elastic recovery provides additional understanding on solid SEDDS manufacture process. Acceptable tablets were made via direct compression but with slow disintegration. Addition of a superdisintegrant (crospovidone 5% w/w) ensured tablet manufacturing without impairment of product performance. Solid SEDDS displayed several technical advantages over their liquid counterparts, but attention must be given to the properties of the porous excipient chosen. Drug-excipient interactions play a significant role in drug degradation and crystallization in solid SEDDS. Improved mechanical behavior upon adsorption led to well-composed tablets that performed satisfactorily in vitro upon addition of a superdisintegrant. This study provides an insight on excipient-oriented rational development of solid SEDDS.
|
['Adsorption', 'Drug Compounding', 'Drug Delivery Systems', 'Emulsifying Agents', 'Excipients', 'Porosity', 'Silicon Dioxide', 'Solubility', 'Tablets']
| 30,218,264
|
[['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['E05.916.270'], ['E02.319.300'], ['D27.720.877.383'], ['D26.650.700.419', 'D27.720.744.770.419'], ['G01.374.710'], ['D01.578.750', 'D01.650.550.825', 'D01.837.725'], ['G02.805'], ['D26.255.830']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Vitaprost-forte in the treatment of patients with prostatic adenoma].
|
Our study included 50 patients aged 48-67 years with moderate symptoms of prostatic adenoma (PA). Thirty patients received vitaprost-forte in the form of rectal suppositories for 60 days and alpha-adrenoblocker. A positive effect of the drug on PA symptoms and improvement of life quality by IPSS and QoL questionnaires was observed in 93.3% patients. Relief of infravesical obstruction led to a 43% reduction of residual urine. The effect was stable on day 30 after the treatment. Our findings evidence that vitaprost forte can be successfully and safely used in the treatment of PA in combination with alpha-adrenoblockers.
|
['Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists', 'Aged', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Peptides', 'Prostatic Hyperplasia', 'Quality of Life', 'Suppositories', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Time Factors']
| 22,448,483
|
[['D27.505.519.625.050.200.100', 'D27.505.696.577.050.200.100'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.644'], ['C12.294.565.500'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['D26.255.785'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Impaired autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction with normal concanavalin A-induced suppression in adult polymyositis/dermatomyositis.
|
Polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM) is an autoimmune disorder of unknown aetiology. In order to study whether immunoregulatory abnormalities might be involved in this autoimmune state, we investigated the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR) and concanavalin A-induced suppressor cell function (Con A-induced suppression) in adult patients with primary PM/DM. We found the AMLR to be significantly depressed in patients; responsiveness could not be enhanced by increasing the numbers of non-T stimulator cells in culture, nor by varying the day on which cultures were harvested. Con A-induced suppression of T cell proliferative responses to mitogenic stimuli was normal. These findings implicate abnormal immunoregulation in the pathophysiology of PM/DM. Further, the dissociation of AMLR reactivity from Con A-inducible suppression suggests that events important for immunoregulatory competence may occur in the AMLR culture, despite the absence of an observed proliferative response.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Autoimmune Diseases', 'Concanavalin A', 'Dermatomyositis', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic', 'Humans', 'Leukocyte Count', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed', 'Middle Aged', 'Myositis', 'T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory']
| 6,223,738
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C20.111'], ['D12.776.503.499.500', 'D12.776.765.678.500'], ['C05.651.594.819.500', 'C10.668.491.562.575.500', 'C17.300.250', 'C17.800.185'], ['G12.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595', 'E05.200.625.107.595', 'E05.242.195.107.595', 'G04.140.107.595', 'G09.188.105.595'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['E01.370.225.812.385.475', 'E05.200.812.385.475', 'E05.478.594.385.429'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.651.594', 'C10.668.491.562'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.700', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.700', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Polyneuropathy syndromes associated with serum antibodies to sulfatide and myelin-associated glycoprotein.
|
We studied a series of 64 patients with sensory +/- motor peripheral neuropathies by comparing clinical and physiologic features to serum antibody reactivity against compounds containing sulfated carbohydrate moieties. We determined antibody reactivity by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using purified glycolipids and glycoproteins as antigens, and we used high-performance thin-layer chromatography and Western blotting to test the specificity of results. Twelve patients with high titers of IgM antibodies directed against the myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) had sensory-motor polyneuropathies with physiologic evidence of demyelination. IgM antibody reactivity to MAG was associated with an IgM serum M protein in five patients. Eight other patients, most with sensory greater than motor polyneuropathies, had high titers of antibody reactivity to sulfatide but not of IgM to MAG. Two had an associated IgM paraprotein. None of the patients with selective serum antisulfatide activity had predominantly demyelinating features on physiologic testing. We conclude that (1) high ELISA titers of antibodies to MAG may be more common than previously suspected in patients with chronic demyelinating sensory-motor neuropathies, and (2) the presence of high titers of antisulfatide antibodies in serum may provide clues to the pathogenesis of otherwise idiopathic, axonal, predominantly sensory neuropathies.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antibodies', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Immunoglobulin M', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myelin Proteins', 'Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein', 'Peripheral Nervous System Diseases', 'Sensation', 'Sulfoglycosphingolipids', 'Syndrome']
| 1,706,491
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.574', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.574', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.574'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.543.620', 'D12.776.631.580'], ['D12.776.395.550.570', 'D12.776.503.921.049', 'D12.776.543.550.555', 'D12.776.543.620.530', 'D12.776.631.580.500'], ['C10.668.829'], ['F02.830.816', 'G11.561.790'], ['D09.400.410.420.025.837', 'D10.390.470.025.837', 'D10.570.877.360.025.837'], ['C23.550.288.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Development and evaluation of a simulator of invasive procedures in pediatric bone marrow transplant.
|
In the past we proposed the development of a bone marrow harvest simulator to support the learning of this procedure. This work presents some aspects of this development and shows the results and analysis of the simulator after its first evaluation.
|
['Bone Marrow Transplantation', 'Brazil', 'Child', 'Computer Simulation', 'Humans', 'Pediatrics']
| 15,455,891
|
[['E02.095.147.725.040', 'E04.936.580.040'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['M01.060.406'], ['L01.224.160'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.403.670']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Determination of permeation resistance distribution in in vitro cell monolayer permeation experiments.
|
The results of cell monolayer permeation experiments are often affected by concentration dependent cellular processes, such as active transport and metabolism. The rigorous analysis of the concentration dependence of these processes is often limited by the lack of knowledge of the actual concentration at the site of action because the measurement of the local concentration is seldom feasible. However, the local concentrations can be estimated if the rates into and out of a particular location are known. Thus, an insight into the distribution of the permeation resistance in the in vitro cell monolayer permeation experiments would enable the estimation of local concentrations during the permeation experiments and, consequently, a more thorough analysis of the concentration dependent processes involved in the transepithelial transfer of compounds. In this study, a compartmental model was constructed applicable for dissecting the roles of apical and basal side aqueous boundary layers and the cell membranes in the total permeation barrier for weakly acidic and basic compounds. The model was applied for the analysis of the Caco-2 permeation data of three high permeability compounds, propranolol, metoprolol and ibuprofen. Furthermore, the effects of extracellular pH and the agitation conditions on the local concentrations of these compounds were evaluated.
|
['Adrenergic beta-Antagonists', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Biological Transport', 'Caco-2 Cells', 'Cell Culture Techniques', 'Cell Membrane Permeability', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Ibuprofen', 'Metoprolol', 'Models, Biological', 'Propranolol']
| 20,307,654
|
[['D27.505.519.625.050.200.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.200.200'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['G03.143'], ['A11.251.210.190.160', 'A11.251.860.180.160', 'A11.436.140'], ['E01.370.225.500.223', 'E05.200.500.265', 'E05.242.223', 'E05.481.500.249'], ['G03.143.335', 'G04.175'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['D02.241.223.701.430'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.573', 'D02.033.755.624.698.573', 'D02.092.063.624.698.573'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.711', 'D02.033.755.624.698.711', 'D02.092.063.624.698.711', 'D02.455.426.559.847.638.945', 'D04.615.638.945']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A handheld device for magnetically inserting a neural interface into a peripheral nervous system.
|
This paper proposes a compact handheld device for magnetically inserting a neural interface into a peripheral nervous system (PNS). Users can pull and hold a flexible peripheral nerve (e.g., sciatic nerve) at the front of the device for the accurate and stable targeting process. The device automatically inserts a neural interface using magnetic impacts that are generated by a miniature motor and a pair of magnets. We investigate the characteristics of the employed mechanism, and present the preliminary experimental results.
|
['Peripheral Nervous System']
| 29,059,851
|
[['A08.800']]
|
['Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Influence of penetrative needling of Shendao (GV 11) on the symptom score and serum IgE content in chronic urticaria patients].
|
OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of symptom scores and serum IgE level after treatment with thick-needle subcutaneous penetration of Shendao (GV 11) in chronic urticaria patients.METHODS: A total of 60 chronic urticaria patients were randomly divided into acupuncture group (n = 30) and medication group (n = 30). Subcutaneous penetrative needling was applied to GV 11 with thick acupuncture needle (retained for 4 h/time, once daily, 5 times/week) for patients of acupuncture group and Levocetirizine Hydrochloride tablets (5 mg/time, once daily in the first two weeks, then, once every other day in the 3rd and 41th weeks, and once every 3 days in the last two weeks) were given to patients of medication group. Serum IgE content was assayed before and 2,6, 12 weeks after the treatment by chemiluminescent technique. Symptom scores were obtained by "0-3 four levels assessment" method in the light of the size of the wheal and the itching severity.RESULTS: Self-comparison indicated that the symptom scores and serum IgE levels declined significantly (P < 0.01) 2 and 6 weeks (Wks) after the treatment in both acupuncture and medication groups,and 12 Wks after the treatment in the acupuncture group (P < 0.01). Comparison between two groups showed that the symptom score and serum IgE content of acupuncture group were significant lower than those of medication group 12 Wks after the treatment (P < 0.05). No significant differences were found between two groups in the symptom scores and serum IgE levels before, 2 and 6 Wks after the treatment (P > 0.05). A positive correlation exists between the symptom score and the serum IgE level before and after the treatment in both groups.CONCLUSION: Thick-needle subcutaneous penetration of Shendao (GV 11) can effectively improve clinical symptoms of chronic urticaria patients, which may be closely related to its effect in lowering peripheral blood IgE level.
|
['Acupuncture Points', 'Acupuncture Therapy', 'Adult', 'Chronic Disease', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin E', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Needles', 'Urticaria', 'Young Adult']
| 19,916,293
|
[['E02.190.044.555.035'], ['E02.190.044'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.312', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.312', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.312'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E07.612'], ['C17.800.862.945', 'C20.543.480.904'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[The search for an "ideal" surgical dressing].
|
Trials of a new occlusive dressing, Op-site (Smith Nephew), were conducted on a group of patients. Op-site is a fine, transparent, elastic, self-adhesive polyurethan film. Although non-porous and therefore water- and bacteria-proof, it is permeable to gases. The existing dressings fulfil only a few of the criteria of an "ideal" dressing and in some cases actually interfere with the healthy process. The main disadvantages are: the disturbance of newly formed epithelium, when many dressings are removed, their fibres become embedded in the new tissues and cause inflammation and delayed healing. Few dressings are true bacterial barriers and the hazard of infection of the wound is always present. Recent studies of the mechanism of wound healing have indicated that a moist, not dry surrounding provides the optimum conditions for wound repair. Healing under Op-site is said to be quicker because the serous exudate permits unhindered migration of new cells across the wound bed and prevents cellular dehydration. In contrast, under dry conditions healing is delayed because the new skin cells must first cleave a path through dehydrated dermis before migrating across the wound. The Op-site wound dressing can be readily applied over the joints and allows complete freedom of movement. The skin remains dry and the wound moist, providing the ideal environment for rapid healing. The film does not adhere to the moist wound and can therefore be removed without damage to the newly formed epidermis. The adhesive is low allergic. Finally, the wound can be assessed without removing the transparent Op-site.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Amputation', 'Burns', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Fractures, Bone', 'Humans', 'Occlusive Dressings', 'Polyurethanes', 'Postoperative Care', 'Surgical Wound Infection', 'Wound Healing']
| 3,540,915
|
[['E04.555.080'], ['C26.200'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['C26.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.101.650'], ['D02.241.081.251.944.750', 'D05.750.716.650', 'D25.720.327.782', 'D25.720.716.650', 'J01.637.051.720.327.782', 'J01.637.051.720.716.650', 'J01.637.412.700'], ['E02.760.731.700', 'E04.604.500', 'N02.421.585.722.700'], ['C01.947.692', 'C23.550.767.925'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Safety and immunogenicity of an enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli vaccine patch containing heat-labile toxin: use of skin pretreatment to disrupt the stratum corneum.
|
Transcutaneous immunization allows safe delivery of native heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) from Escherichia coli via application of a simple patch. Physical disruption of the stratum corneum can improve the efficiency of delivery. In the current study, the stratum corneum was disrupted using an electrocardiogram prep pad prior to patch application. The effects were quantified using transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and were correlated with the immune responses. Sixty adults received 50 microg of LT from three lots of LT (20 adults per group) administered in a patch on days 0 and 21. The immunizations were well tolerated. There were no differences in the anti-LT immunoglobulin G (IgG) titers between the three LT lots; the seroconversion rate was 100%, and the mean anti-LT IgG titer was 12,185 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay units (EU) (a 24-fold increase). TEWL measurements obtained at the time of the second immunization were found to correlate with the day 42 individual increases in the anti-LT IgG titer (r = 0.59, P < 0.001). In a comparative assessment of the immune responses, sera after an LT+ ST+ (E2447A) oral ETEC challenge, which induced moderate to severe diarrhea in 81% of the recipients, had anti-LT IgG titers of 3,245 EU (a 10.8-fold increase). Similarly, the anti-LT IgG titer after administration of an oral cholera toxin B subunit-containing cholera vaccine, which cross-reacts with LT and protects against LT and LT/heat-stable toxin ETEC disease in the field, was 6,741 EU (a 3.3-fold increase). This study confirmed that a well-tolerated regimen for stratum corneum disruption before vaccine patch application results in robust immunity comparable to natural immunity and vaccine-induced immunity and that the magnitude of stratum corneum disruption correlates with the immune response.
|
['Administration, Cutaneous', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Antibodies, Bacterial', 'Bacterial Toxins', 'Drug Delivery Systems', 'Electrocardiography', 'Enterotoxins', 'Epidermal Cells', 'Epidermis', 'Escherichia coli', 'Escherichia coli Infections', 'Escherichia coli Proteins', 'Escherichia coli Vaccines', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunization', 'Male', 'Skin', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 17,261,601
|
[['E02.319.267.120.060'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.107', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.125'], ['D23.946.123'], ['E02.319.300'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['D23.946.330'], ['A11.409'], ['A10.272.497', 'A17.815.250'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.330'], ['D12.776.097.275'], ['D20.215.894.135.390'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.465.425.400', 'E05.478.550', 'N02.421.726.758.310', 'N06.850.780.200.425', 'N06.850.780.680.310'], ['A17.815'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of resuscitation with human albumin 5%, hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 6%, or crystalloid on kidney damage in an ovine model of septic shock.
|
BACKGROUND: Colloid solutions have been associated with kidney dysfunction in septic animals and humans. The present study investigated the influence of resuscitation with human albumin (HA) 5%, hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130/0.4 6%, and balanced crystalloids on ultrastructural kidney damage, kidney function, and survival in a model of ovine septic shock.METHODS: After induction of peritoneal septic shock, animals were randomised to one of the following groups: (1) HA 5%, (2) HES 130/0.4 6%, (3) balanced crystalloid, and (4) control (each n=10). Causal therapy included re-laparotomy, peritoneal lavage, and antimicrobial therapy. Sequential kidney biopsies were obtained for the assessment of the electron microscopic tubular injury (EMTI) score.RESULTS: Serum creatinine and urea were highest in the control group, and there were no differences between the intervention groups. Cumulative diuresis was significantly higher in the HA group [1.0 ml kg-1 h-1 (0.6; 1.2)] compared with control [0.7 ml kg-1 h-1 (0.6; 0.9), P<0.05]. Creatinine clearance was highest in the HA and crystalloid groups. Ultrastructural kidney damage was highest in the control group [EMTI score 7.8 (6.7; 9.0)] without differences between intervention groups. Survival was 100% in the colloid groups vs 90% (crystalloid) and 60% (control, all P<0.05).CONCLUSION: In an ovine model of septic shock, kidney function and cumulative diuresis were preserved in the 5% albumin and crystalloid resuscitation groups, whereas HES 130/0.4 6% resulted in diminished creatinine clearance. Differences in kidney function between resuscitation fluids could not be explained by differences in ultrastructural kidney damage.CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: 84-02.04.2011.A300.
|
['Acute Kidney Injury', 'Animals', 'Creatinine', 'Crystalloid Solutions', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Female', 'Fluid Therapy', 'Hemodynamics', 'Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives', 'Norepinephrine', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Random Allocation', 'Serum Albumin, Human', 'Sheep, Domestic', 'Shock, Septic', 'Vasoconstrictor Agents']
| 30,115,256
|
[['C12.777.419.780.050', 'C13.351.968.419.780.050'], ['B01.050'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['D26.776.498.500'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['E02.319.283'], ['E02.319.360'], ['G09.330.380'], ['D09.301.915.500', 'D09.698.365.855.500'], ['D02.033.100.291.502', 'D02.092.063.480', 'D02.092.211.215.746', 'D02.092.311.830', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.830'], ['G03.680'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['D12.776.034.841.603', 'D12.776.124.727.906'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791.150'], ['C01.757.800', 'C23.550.470.790.500.800', 'C23.550.835.900.712'], ['D27.505.954.411.793']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Estimation and testing of parent-of-origin effects for quantitative traits.
|
Recent progress in developing family-based association methods has extended their use to the analysis of quantitative traits in the offspring and to the estimation, for dichotomous traits, of the relative contribution of genetic and environmental mechanisms for parent-of-origin effects. However, many traits of interest are not naturally measured on a binary scale yet are suspected or known to be influenced by imprinted genes, and there is consequent interest in seeking evidence for parent-of-origin effects at these loci. Here we show how simple linear models can be used to estimate these parent-of-origin effects for a broad class of phenotypes; in particular, normally distributed quantitative traits are easily dealt with.
|
['Female', 'Genomic Imprinting', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Models, Genetic', 'Models, Statistical', 'Parents', 'Quantitative Trait Loci', 'Siblings']
| 12,644,965
|
[['G05.308.203.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['G05.360.340.024.380.937'], ['F01.829.263.500.490', 'I01.880.853.150.500.505', 'M01.781']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Attenuation of evoked field potentials from dentate granule cells by low glucose, pyruvate + malate, and sodium fluoride.
|
Extracellular field potentials were evoked from granule cells of the dentate gyrus by stimulation of the perforant path of the hippocampal slice, superfused with medium containing 10 mM glucose. Decreasing the glucose concentration to 2 mM caused a large but reversible attenuation of the rate of rise of population excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) and of the population spike amplitude. Similar behaviour was observed in the presence of 5 mM glucose, although the decrease in EPSP was much less marked. Substitution of pyruvate + malate (2 mM, 0.2 mM) for glucose in the superfusion medium strongly depressed both EPSP and population spike. Sodium fluoride (1 mM) attenuated the population spike without affecting the EPSP. It is suggested that the behaviour of the evoked granule cell responses in the presence of lowered glucose or alternative substrates does not correlate with the energy state of the tissue.
|
['Animals', 'Culture Media', 'Culture Techniques', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Evoked Potentials', 'Female', 'Fluorides', 'Glucose', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Hippocampus', 'Maleates', 'Neurons', 'Pyruvates', 'Pyruvic Acid', 'Sodium Fluoride', 'Synaptic Transmission']
| 6,284,306
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['E05.481.500'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G07.265.216.500', 'G11.561.200.500'], ['D01.248.497.158.380', 'D01.303.350.300'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['D02.241.081.337.502'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D02.241.755.812'], ['D02.241.755.812.800'], ['D01.303.350.300.875', 'D01.857.725', 'D25.223.716', 'J01.637.051.223.716'], ['G02.111.820.850', 'G04.835.850', 'G07.265.880', 'G11.561.830']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Complete amino acid sequence of the ADP/ATP carrier from beef heart mitochondria.
|
The complete primary structure of the ADP/ATP carrier from beef heart mitochondria is described. Cyanogen bromide cleaves the protein into a long, N-terminally blocked fragment with Mr 22,000 (CB1) and several small peptides. The primary information was derived from liquid-phase sequencing of tryptic peptides obtained from the maleylated carrier protein and the citraconylated CB1 fragment, as well as from cleavage products with Staphylococcus aureus protease. The multitude of thermolysinolytic, tryptic, chymotryptic and peptic peptides was sequenced by manual methods. They rendered overlaps and further supported already known partial sequences. Also, the bridge between the published acidolytic C-terminal fragment A2 was thus obtained.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Cyanogen Bromide', 'Mitochondria, Heart', 'Molecular Weight', 'Peptide Fragments']
| 7,076,130
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D01.139.300.050.100', 'D01.625.175'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564.627.603', 'A11.284.835.626.627.603'], ['G02.494'], ['D12.644.541']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Severe phenotypes of paralysis periodica paramyotonia are associated with the Met1592Val mutation in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene (SCN4A) in a Chinese family.
|
Paralysis periodica paramyotonia (PPP) is caused by mutation of the adult skeletal muscle sodium channel gene's alpha (á)-subunit (SCN4A). Here, we report four generations of a Chinese family affected by a remarkably severe form of PPP with progressive myopathy. Routine electromyograms (EMG) showed myotonic discharge and after a long exercise test, compound motor action potential amplitudes were markedly decreased by 40-55%. Muscle biopsy revealed obvious vacuolar changes. Moreover, genetic analysis revealed the Met1592Val mutation in the á-subunit, SCN4A. The patients showed a striking clinical and electrophysiological improvement during treatment with acetazolamide. Thus, our findings showed that mutation of Met1592Val in the SCN4A gene is associated with aggressive development of PPP characterized by severe vacuolar myopathy.
|
['China', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Electromyography', 'Family Health', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'Methionine', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Mutation', 'Myotonic Disorders', 'NAV1.4 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel', 'Neural Conduction', 'Phenotype', 'Sodium Channels', 'Valine']
| 21,665,479
|
[['Z01.252.474.164'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['N01.400.300'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.886.030.676', 'D12.125.142.557', 'D12.125.154.549', 'D12.125.166.676'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['G05.365.590'], ['C05.651.662', 'C10.668.491.606'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.875.750.400', 'D12.776.210.500.675', 'D12.776.543.550.450.875.750.400', 'D12.776.543.585.400.875.750.400'], ['G07.265.753', 'G11.561.601'], ['G05.695'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.875', 'D12.776.543.550.450.875', 'D12.776.543.585.400.875'], ['D12.125.070.950', 'D12.125.142.930']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Visual processing of rapidly presented stimuli is normalized in Parkinson's disease when proximal stimulus strength is enhanced.
|
Deficient perception and cognition in Parkinson's disease (PD) has been attributed to slow information processing, but an alternative explanation may be reduced signal strength. In 18 nondemented individuals with PD and 15 healthy adults, we enhanced the contrast level of rapidly flashed masked letters. The PD group required significantly higher contrast to reach criterion (80% accuracy). Normal motion detection in these participants indicated no gross, general dysfunction of the dorsal visual processing stream. These results suggest that putatively slowed processing in PD may be an artifact of reduced signal strength arising from depletion of dopamine in retina or cortical visual areas.
|
['Aged', 'Contrast Sensitivity', 'Differential Threshold', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Motion Perception', 'Parkinson Disease', 'Perceptual Masking', 'Reaction Time', 'Visual Acuity', 'Visual Perception']
| 14,568,098
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.380.850.950.500', 'F02.463.593.778.435.110', 'F02.463.593.932.281', 'F02.463.593.932.901.500', 'G14.940.500'], ['F02.463.593.710.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F02.463.593.932.567'], ['C10.228.140.079.862.500', 'C10.228.662.600.400', 'C10.574.928.750'], ['F02.463.593.071.594', 'F02.463.593.932.733', 'G07.888.125.594'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940'], ['F02.463.593.932']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Medical audit on children with asthma in an Emergency Department.
|
OBJECTIVE: To carry out a medical audit or evaluation and improvement procedure on the management of children with asthmatic crises in our Emergency Department (ED).MATERIAL AND METHODS: We carried out a retrospective audit between January and March 2007, analysing the medical records of a random sample of 50 patients aged 2-14 years consulting our ED for asthmatic crises. Following the international guides, we first selected 17 explicit indicators divided into four domains: "evaluation", "examination", "diagnostic resources", and "treatment and conditions at discharge".RESULTS: Indicators' compliance proved unequal; it was scarce for cause of asthma crisis (32%); degree of severity (18%); and supportive treatment (24%). Auscultation was registered in 100%, but respiratory frequency only in 49%, and peak flow in 0%. A total of 78% of the patients were treated in the ED, in all cases with beta-mimetic agents, and with systemic corticosteroids in 12%. The result of treatment was registered in only 69% of cases. The medical documentation of resident doctors was not signed by the staff.CONCLUSIONS: We identified the following weak points: failure to determine the degree of severity; lack of specification of the details of the crisis (prior duration, treatment at home, supportive treatment); scant asthma background history; and deficient recording of respiratory frequency and peak flow. We propose improving the anamnesis, recording respiratory frequency, with the introduction of tools to measure peak flow, specification of treatment response, and the development of a simpler and more practical protocol, with the performance of a re-audit.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Guideline Adherence', 'Hospitals, Pediatric', 'Humans', 'Medical Audit', 'Medical Records', 'Patient Discharge', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Spain', 'Status Asthmaticus']
| 19,775,799
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['N04.761.337', 'N05.715.360.395'], ['N02.278.421.556.437'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N04.761.700.250.500', 'N05.700.175.500'], ['E05.318.308.940.968', 'N04.452.859.564', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968'], ['E02.760.169.125', 'E02.760.400.610', 'N02.421.585.169.125', 'N02.421.585.400.610', 'N04.590.233.727.210.125'], ['N04.761.700.350.650', 'N05.700.350.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['Z01.542.846'], ['C08.127.108.880', 'C08.674.095.880', 'C20.543.480.680.095.880']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Biological sulfate reduction using molasses as a carbon source.
|
The feasibility of using a laboratory-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket process for sulfate reduction with molasses as a carbon source was demonstrated. Competition between methane-producing bacteria (MPB) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) was influenced by the chemical oxygen demand-to-sulfur (COD:S) ratio in the feed. Sulfate removal greater than 80% could be achieved at COD:S greater than 10 when MPB predominated. Activity of MPB and SRB was inhibited at a dissolved sulfide concentration of approximately 200 mg/L. Competition between MPB and SRB was intense as the COD:S was reduced from 5 to 2. Further reduction in the COD:S to 0.7 led to the formation of sulfidogenic granules. The COD removal decreased to approximately 30% at a COD:S less than 2 because of accumulation of sulfurous precipitates and the nonbiodegradable portion of molasses in the sludge. Reduced gas production rates further imposed limitations on diffusion of the organic substrate into granules. Sulfidogenic process operation yielded sulfate removal as great as 70% at a COD:S of approximately 3.5.
|
['Bacteria, Anaerobic', 'Biodegradation, Environmental', 'Carbon', 'Environmental Pollution', 'Euryarchaeota', 'Molasses', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Oxygen', 'Population Dynamics', 'Refuse Disposal', 'Sewage', 'Sulfates']
| 11,558,296
|
[['B03.130'], ['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['D01.268.150'], ['N06.850.460'], ['B02.200'], ['G07.203.300.662', 'J02.500.662'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['I01.240.600', 'N01.224.625', 'N06.850.505.400.700'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.700', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600'], ['D20.944.932.500'], ['D01.248.497.158.845', 'D01.875.800.800.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Enantioselective synthesis of highly functionalised amides by copper-catalysed vinylogous Mukaiyama aldol reaction.
|
Amides with quaternary stereogenic centers have been synthesised by catalytic asymmetric vinylogous Mukaiyama aldol reactions. The chiral copper-sulfoximine catalyst gives rise to products with moderate to good yields and up to 92% ee.
|
['Aldehydes', 'Amides', 'Catalysis', 'Copper', 'Stereoisomerism']
| 20,574,579
|
[['D02.047'], ['D02.065'], ['G02.130'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['G02.607.445.682']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A novel lipopeptide produced by a Pacific Ocean deep-sea bacterium, Rhodococcus sp. TW53.
|
AIMS: Our goal was to find a novel, biosurfactant-producing bacterium from Pacific Ocean deep-sea sediments.METHODS AND RESULTS: An oil-degrading biosurfactant-producing bacterium TW53 was obtained from deep-sea sediment, and was identified through 16S rDNA analysis as belonging to the genus Rhodococcus. It lowered the surface tension of its culture to 34.4 mN m(-1). Thin layer chromatography (TLC) showed that the crude biosurfactants of TW53 were composed of lipopeptides and free fatty acids (FA). The lipopeptides were purified with column chromatography and then hydrolysed with 6 mol l(-1) HCl. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis showed that the hydrolyte in the hydrophobic fraction contained five kinds of FA with chain lengths of C(14)-C(19), and C(16)H(32)O(2) was a major component making up 59.18% of the total. However, 3-hydroxyl FA was not found, although it is usually found in lipopeptides. Silica gel TLC revealed that the hydrolyte in the hydrophilic fraction was composed of five kinds of amino acids; consistently, ESI-Q-TOF-MS analysis confirmed the composition results and provided their sequence tentatively as Ala-Ile-Asp-Met-Pro. Furthermore, the yield and CMC (critical micelle concentrations) of purified lipopeptides were examined. The purified product reduced the surface tension of water to 30.7 mN m(-1) with a CMC value of 23.7 mg l(-1). These results suggest that Rhodococcus sp. TW53 produces a novel lipopeptide that we have named rhodofactin.CONCLUSION: The deep-sea isolate Rhodococcus sp. TW53 was the first reported lipopeptide-producing bacterium of this genus. The lipopeptides had novel chemical compositions.SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Rhodococcus sp. TW53 has potential in the exploration of new biosurfactants and could be used in bioremediation of marine oil pollution.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Biodegradation, Environmental', 'Bioreactors', 'Industrial Microbiology', 'Lipopeptides', 'Pacific Ocean', 'Petroleum', 'Rhodococcus', 'Seawater', 'Spectrum Analysis', 'Surface-Active Agents']
| 18,422,956
|
[['D12.125'], ['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['E07.115', 'J01.897.120.115'], ['H01.158.273.540.460', 'J01.897.120.460'], ['D10.477', 'D12.644.365'], ['Z01.756.700'], ['D20.345.630', 'N06.230.132.258.630'], ['B03.510.024.981.775'], ['G16.500.275.725.500'], ['E05.196.867'], ['D27.720.877']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Cortical plasticity induced by spike-triggered microstimulation in primate somatosensory cortex.
|
Electrical stimulation of the nervous system for therapeutic purposes, such as deep brain stimulation in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, has been used for decades. Recently, increased attention has focused on using microstimulation to restore functions as diverse as somatosensation and memory. However, how microstimulation changes the neural substrate is still not fully understood. Microstimulation may cause cortical changes that could either compete with or complement natural neural processes, and could result in neuroplastic changes rendering the region dysfunctional or even epileptic. As part of our efforts to produce neuroprosthetic devices and to further study the effects of microstimulation on the cortex, we stimulated and recorded from microelectrode arrays in the hand area of the primary somatosensory cortex (area 1) in two awake macaque monkeys. We applied a simple neuroprosthetic microstimulation protocol to a pair of electrodes in the area 1 array, using either random pulses or pulses time-locked to the recorded spiking activity of a reference neuron. This setup was replicated using a computer model of the thalamocortical system, which consisted of 1980 spiking neurons distributed among six cortical layers and two thalamic nuclei. Experimentally, we found that spike-triggered microstimulation induced cortical plasticity, as shown by increased unit-pair mutual information, while random microstimulation did not. In addition, there was an increased response to touch following spike-triggered microstimulation, along with decreased neural variability. The computer model successfully reproduced both qualitative and quantitative aspects of the experimental findings. The physiological findings of this study suggest that even simple microstimulation protocols can be used to increase somatosensory information flow.
|
['Animals', 'Brain Mapping', 'Computer Simulation', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Female', 'Macaca', 'Male', 'Microelectrodes', 'Neuronal Plasticity', 'Neurons', 'Principal Component Analysis', 'Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Somatosensory Cortex', 'Touch']
| 23,472,086
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['L01.224.160'], ['E05.723.402'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510'], ['E07.305.250.500'], ['G11.561.638'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['E05.318.740.562'], ['L01.224.800'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.670.675', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.906'], ['F02.830.816.850', 'G11.561.790.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Structural elucidation of XR586, a peptaibol-like antibiotic from Acremonium persicinum.
|
A novel peptide, XR586, has been isolated from fermentations of Acremonium persicinum (Xenova culture collection number X21488). The structure of XR586 has been elucidated by means of NMR spectroscopy, electrospray and fast-atom bombardment MS, derivatization and enzymic digestion. It has been shown to be helical by CD measurements. XR586 shows many structural and conformational features in common with peptaibols, particularly the zervamicins. Peptaibol antibiotics are peptides, typically of 15-20 residues, containing a large proportion of alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) residues. These peptides adopt a helical conformation in solution and display anti-bacterial and toxic properties due to their ability to form pores in membranes. However, while XR586 contains several Aib residues, it lacks a terminal phenylalaninol and terminates in the sequence Phe-Gly. The lack of reduction of the penultimate residue at the C-terminus may indicate that this step is normally at the end of the biosynthetic pathway of peptaibols and occurs with cleavage of Gly. The 1H chemical shift assignments of XR586 are reported in Supplementary Publication SUP 50179 (3 pages), which has been deposited at the British Library Document Supply Centre, Boston Spa, Wetherby, West Yorkshire LS23 7BQ, U.K., from whom copies can be obtained on the terms indicated in Biochem. J. (1996) 313, 9 ("Deposition of data').
|
['Acremonium', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Amino Acids', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides', 'Circular Dichroism', 'Classification', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Molecular Structure', 'Peptaibols', 'Peptides', 'Protein Structure, Secondary', 'Sequence Analysis', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid']
| 9,003,355
|
[['B01.300.381.025'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D12.125'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D12.644.050', 'D12.776.543.695.054'], ['E05.196.867.151'], ['L01.100', 'L01.453.245.275'], ['D12.776.354'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['E05.196.566'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D12.644.504'], ['D12.644'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600'], ['E05.393.760'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Transcatheter closure of congenital ventricular septal defects: results of the European Registry.
|
AIM: To report the experience of 23 tertiary referral European Centres on transcatheter closure of congenital ventricular septal defects (VSD).METHODS AND RESULTS: Implantation of transcatheter devices was attempted in 430 patients (pts) with congenital VSDs until July 2005. The following anatomic types were present: 119 muscular, 250 perimembranous, 16 multiple, 45 residual post-surgery. Median VSD size was 7 mm (range 3-22), fluoroscopy time 33 min (range 3-146). Devices implanted were Amplatzer muscular or membranous devices in 364, PDA devices in 12, ASD devices in seven, Starflex in seven, and coils in nine patients. Procedure was successful in 410 cases (95%).COMPLICATIONS: device embolization in five cases (surgery in two, catheter retrieval in three), aortic regurgitation in 14 cases (two of which requiring surgery), tricuspid regurgitation in 27 cases (no surgery was necessary), minor rhythm disturbances in 10 pts, death in one patient, complete heart block (cAVB) in 16 pts [perimembranous 12 of 250 (5%), muscular one of 119 (0.8%), residual post-surgery VSD three of 45 (6.7%)]. CAVB was transient in six patients, requiring permanent pace-makers in 10 cases (3.8%) (six early, four late). In the multivariate analysis, the only variable associated with a risk of the occurrence of complication was age (P=0.012) and weight (P=0.0035). In the univariate analysis, risk factors for the development of cAVB were, device type (P=0.03) and VSD location (P=0.05). After the multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis, no risk factor was found.CONCLUSION: Transcatheter closure of congenital VSDs offers encouraging results. COMPLICATIONS are limited; the most relevant one seems to be the device related to cAVB in perimembranous VSD. More experience and long-term follow-up are mandatory to assess safety and effectiveness of this procedure as an alternative to conventional surgery.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Cardiac Catheterization', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cohort Studies', 'Embolization, Therapeutic', 'Europe', 'Female', 'Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prospective Studies', 'Prosthesis Implantation', 'Registries', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 17,684,082
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.370.380.140', 'E02.148.442', 'E05.157.250'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E02.520.360', 'E02.926.500'], ['Z01.542'], ['C14.240.400.560.540', 'C14.280.400.560.540', 'C16.131.240.400.560.540'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E04.650'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
What do results from coordinate-based meta-analyses tell us?
|
Coordinate-based meta-analyses (CBMA) methods, such as Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) and Seed-based d Mapping (SDM), have become an invaluable tool for summarizing the findings of voxel-based neuroimaging studies. However, the progressive sophistication of these methods may have concealed two particularities of their statistical tests. Common univariate voxelwise tests (such as the t/z-tests used in SPM and FSL) detect voxels that activate, or voxels that show differences between groups. Conversely, the tests conducted in CBMA test for "spatial convergence" of findings, i.e., they detect regions where studies report "more peaks than in most regions", regions that activate "more than most regions do", or regions that show "larger differences between groups than most regions do". The first particularity is that these tests rely on two spatial assumptions (voxels are independent and have the same probability to have a "false" peak), whose violation may make their results either conservative or liberal, though fortunately current versions of ALE, SDM and some other methods consider these assumptions. The second particularity is that the use of these tests involves an important paradox: the statistical power to detect a given effect is higher if there are no other effects in the brain, whereas lower in presence of multiple effects.
|
['Brain', 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'Humans', 'Meta-Analysis as Topic', 'Neuroimaging']
| 29,729,389
|
[['A08.186.211'], ['E05.245.380', 'E05.318.740.300', 'L01.313.500.750.190.380', 'N05.715.360.750.300', 'N06.850.520.830.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.370.500', 'E05.581.500.501', 'N05.715.360.325.515', 'N06.850.520.445.500'], ['E01.370.350.578', 'E01.370.376.537', 'E05.629']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Asthma mortality in Birmingham 1975-7: 53 deaths.
|
Out of 83 patients studied 72 were certified as dying from asthma, and 11 aged under 45 as dying from chronic bronchitis and pneumonia. Fifty-three deaths were thought to be due to asthma. There were avoidable factors associated with several of these deaths from asthma. Recent discharge from hospital (16%), non-availability of aerosol bronchodilators (45%), underuse of corticosteroids (66%), and lack of objective measurements of airflow obstruction (100%) were found in deaths outside hospital. Inadequate initial assessment including baseline spirometry and blood gases (50%), significant underusage of corticosteroids (93%) and intravenous and nebulised bronchodilators (100%), and failure to monitor treatment objectively (100%) were found in deaths in hospital. "False-positive" and "false-negative" certifications of asthma were studied, and the findings suggest that these may lead to appreciable inaccuracy in the reporting of deaths from asthma.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Asthma', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Diagnostic Errors', 'England', 'Female', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prednisolone', 'Sex Factors']
| 7,363,023
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E01.354', 'N02.421.450.280'], ['Z01.542.363.300'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.795'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Dexmedetomidine for transport of a spontaneously breathing combative child.
|
Interhospital transport presents a challenge for pediatricians, and airway protection is often a significant concern. The severely agitated child without respiratory compromise poses an extremely difficult dilemma, as most sedative agents can cause respiratory depression. Intubation offers definitive control of the airway but is not without risk, especially in an environment where experience and resources for pediatric intubation may be limited. Dexmedetomidine may be used for sedation in certain circumstances for the transport of a child without the need for intubation and mechanical ventilation.
|
['Child, Preschool', 'Dexmedetomidine', 'Humans', 'Hypnotics and Sedatives', 'Lorazepam', 'Male', 'Mental Disorders', 'Psychomotor Agitation', 'Transportation of Patients']
| 22,891,226
|
[['M01.060.406.448'], ['D03.383.129.308.245'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.277.350', 'D27.505.954.427.210.350'], ['D03.633.100.079.080.070.450'], ['F03'], ['C10.597.350.600', 'C10.597.606.881.700', 'C23.888.592.350.600', 'C23.888.592.604.882.700', 'F01.700.875.700'], ['E02.365.839', 'N02.421.297.879']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Modeling of the temporal effects of heating during infrared neural stimulation.
|
A model of infrared neural stimulation (INS) has been developed to allow the temporal characteristics of different stimulation parameters and geometries to be better understood. The model uses a finite element approach to solve the heat equation and allow detailed analysis of heat during INS with both microsecond and millisecond laser pulses. When compared with experimental data, the model provides insight into the mechanisms behind INS. In particular, the analysis suggests that there may be two broad regimes of INS: the process tends to be limited by the total pulse energy for pulse lengths below 100 ìs, while the temperature gradient with respect to time becomes more important above 100 ìs.
|
['Animals', 'Cochlea', 'Computer Simulation', 'Finite Element Analysis', 'Gerbillinae', 'Hot Temperature', 'Infrared Rays', 'Models, Neurological', 'Monte Carlo Method', 'Neurons', 'Physical Stimulation', 'Temperature', 'Thermal Conductivity']
| 23,471,490
|
[['B01.050'], ['A09.246.300.246'], ['L01.224.160'], ['E05.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.300'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.552', 'G01.590.540.552', 'G01.750.250.650.552', 'G01.750.770.578.552', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.400', 'G16.500.750.775.525.400', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.400'], ['E05.599.395.642'], ['E05.318.740.525', 'L01.906.394.422', 'N05.715.360.750.540', 'N06.850.520.830.525'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['E05.723'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['G01.906.730']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Self-expression assignment as a teaching approach to enhance the interest of Kuwaiti women in biological sciences.
|
Stimulating the interest of students in biological sciences necessitates the use of new teaching methods and motivating approaches. The idea of the self-expression assignment (SEA) has evolved from the prevalent environment at the College for Women of Kuwait University (Safat, State of Kuwait), a newly established college where the number of students is low and where students have varied backgrounds and interests and are being instructed biological sciences in English for the first time. This SEA requires each student to choose a topic among a long list of topics and interact with it in any way to produce a finished product without the interference of the course instructor. Students are told that the SEA will be graded based on their commitment, creative thinking, innovation in developing the idea, and finishing up of the chosen assignment. The SEA has been implemented in three introductory courses, namely, Biology, Introduction to Human Nutrition and Food Science, and The Human Body. Many interesting projects resulted from the SEA, and, based on an administered survey, students assessed this assignment very favorably. Students expressed their pleasure of experiencing freedom in choosing their own topics, interacting with such topics, learning more about them, and finishing up their projects. Students appreciated this type of exposure to biological sciences and expressed that such an experience enhanced their interest in such sciences.
|
['Attitude', 'Biological Science Disciplines', 'Environment', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kuwait', 'Learning', 'Motivation', 'Self Concept', 'Students', 'Teaching', 'Universities', 'Women']
| 18,539,854
|
[['F01.100'], ['H01.158'], ['G16.500.275', 'N06.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.500.425'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['F01.752.747.792'], ['M01.848'], ['I02.903'], ['I02.783.830', 'J03.832.830'], ['M01.975']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Polyethyleneimine as tracer particle for (immuno) electron microscopy.
|
Polyethyleneimine (PEI) is proposed as a tracer for use in electron microscopical investigations. Relative small molecules are available (molecular weight 600-60,000). PEI is soluble in water; it is not visible in the electron microscope without further treatment, but can easily be detected as a particle by contrastting it with phosphotungstic acid or OsO4. Using PEI of a molecular weight of 40,000, particles of 10 nm diameter can be produced. The strong cationic character of PEI results in electrostatical binding to anionic sites. Hence perfusion and immersion of tissues with PEI of various molecular weights offers possibilities to either study the location of anionic sites or pathways of transport. Anionic sites could be demonstrated in the normal and pathologic glomerular basement membrane. Work on the use of PEI as a marker particle in immunoelectronmicroscopy is in progress.
|
['Animals', 'Basement Membrane', 'Colloids', 'Immunologic Techniques', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Particle Size', 'Polyethyleneimine', 'Polyethylenes', 'Rats']
| 325,123
|
[['B01.050'], ['A10.272.220', 'A10.615.179'], ['D20.280', 'D26.255.165'], ['E05.478'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['G02.712'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.550.600', 'D02.491.650', 'D05.750.716.507.600', 'D25.720.716.507.600', 'J01.637.051.720.716.507.600'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.550', 'D05.750.716.507', 'D25.720.716.507', 'J01.637.051.720.716.507'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Acute improvement in arterial-ventricular coupling after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (CoreValve) in patients with symptomatic aortic stenosis.
|
The recent development of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) to treat severe aortic stenosis (AS) offers a viable option for high-risk patients categories. Our aim is to evaluate the early effects of implantation of CoreValve aortic valve prosthesis on arterial-ventricular coupling by two dimensional echocardiography. Sixty five patients with severe AS performed 2D conventional echocardiography before, immediately after TAVI, at discharge (mean age: 82.6 ± 5.9 years; female: 60%). The current third generation (18-F) CoreValve Revalving system (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN) was used in all cases. Vascular access was obtained by percutaneous approach through the common femoral artery; the procedure was performed with the patient under local anesthesia. We calculated, apart the conventional parameters regarding left ventricular geometry and the Doppler parameters of aortic flow (valvular load), the vascular load and the global left ventricular hemodynamic load. After TAVI we showed, by echocardiography, an improvement of valvular load. In particular we observed an immediate reduction of transaortic peak pressure gradient (P < 0.0001), of mean pressure gradient (P < 0.0001) and a concomitant increase in aortic valve area (AVA) (0.97 ± 0.3 cm(2)). Left ventricular ejection fraction improved early after TAVI (before: 47 ± 11, after: 54 ± 11; P < .0001). Vascular load, expressed by systemic arterial compliance, showed a low but significant improvement after procedure (P < 0.01), while systemic vascular resistances showed a significant reduction after procedure (P < 0.001). As a global effect of the integrated changes of these hemodynamic parameters, we observed a significant improvement of global left ventricular hemodynamic load, in particular through a significant reduction of end-systolic meridional stress (before: 80 ± 34 and after: 55 ± 29, P < 0.0001). The arterial-valvular impedance showed a significant reduction (before: 7.6 ± 2 vs after: 5.8 ± 2; P < 0.0001. Furthermore we observed a significant reduction with a normalization of arterial-ventricular coupling (P < 0.005). With regard to left ventricular (LV) efficiency, we observed, after the procedure, a significant reduction of stroke work (P < 0.001) and potential energy (P < 0.001), with a significant increase of work efficiency early after the procedure (P < 0.001). Our results showed that the TAVI procedure was able to determine an early improvement of the global left ventricular hemodynamic load, allowing a better global LV performance. Further follow-up investigations are needed to evaluate these results in a more prolonged time observation.
|
['Aged, 80 and over', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Aortic Valve', 'Aortic Valve Stenosis', 'Echocardiography, Doppler', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Heart Valve Prosthesis', 'Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Ventricular Function, Left']
| 21,222,040
|
[['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['A07.541.510.110'], ['C14.280.484.048.750', 'C14.280.955.249'], ['E01.370.350.130.750.220', 'E01.370.350.850.220.220', 'E01.370.350.850.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220.220'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E07.695.310'], ['E04.100.376.485', 'E04.650.410', 'E04.928.220.410'], ['A07.541.560'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['G09.330.955.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A technique for standardized central analysis of 6-(18)F-fluoro-L-DOPA PET data from a multicenter study.
|
UNLABELLED: We have recently completed a large 6-(18)F-fluoro-L-DOPA ((18)F-DOPA) PET study comparing rates of loss of dopamine terminal function in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients taking either the dopamine agonist ropinirole or L-DOPA. This trial involved a "distributed acquisition/centralized analysis" method, in which (18)F-DOPA images were acquired at 6 different PET centers around the world and then analyzed at a single site. To our knowledge, this is the first time such a centralized approach has been employed with (18)F-DOPA PET and this descriptive basic science article outlines the methods used.METHODS: One hundred eighty-six PD patients were randomized (1:1) to ropinirole or L-DOPA therapy, and (18)F-DOPA PET was performed at baseline and again at 2 y. The primary outcome measure was the percentage change in putamen (18)F-DOPA influx rate constant (K(i)) from Patlak graphical analysis. Dynamic images were acquired and reconstructed using each center's individual protocols before being transferred to the site performing the central analysis. Once there, individual parametric K(i) images were created using a single analysis program without file formats being transformed from the original. Parametric images were then normalized to standard space and K(i) values extracted with a region of interest analysis. Significant K(i) changes were also localized at a voxel level with statistical parametric mapping. These processes required numerous checks to ensure the integrity of each dataset.RESULTS: Three hundred twenty-five (170 baseline, 155 follow-up) dynamic PET datasets were acquired, of which 12 were considered uninterpretable due to missing time frames, radiopharmaceutical problems, lack of measured attenuation correction, or excessive head movement. In those datasets suitable for central analysis, after quality control and spatial normalization of the images had been applied, putamen (18)F-DOPA signal decline was found to be significantly (one third) slower in the ropinirole group compared with that of the L-DOPA group.CONCLUSION: Paired (18)F-DOPA-PET images acquired from multiple sites can be successfully analyzed centrally to assess the efficacy of potential disease-modifying therapies in PD. However, numerous options must be considered and data checks put in place before adopting such an approach. Centralized analysis offers the potential for improved detection of outcomes due to the standardization of the analytic approach and allows the analysis of large numbers of PET studies.
|
['Algorithms', 'Antiparkinson Agents', 'Canada', 'Dihydroxyphenylalanine', 'Dopamine Agents', 'France', 'Germany', 'Humans', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Indoles', 'Levodopa', 'Parkinson Disease', 'Radiopharmaceuticals', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Tomography, Emission-Computed', 'Treatment Outcome', 'United Kingdom']
| 15,235,059
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['D27.505.954.427.090.050'], ['Z01.107.567.176'], ['D02.092.311.200', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.200', 'D12.125.072.050.685.400', 'D12.125.072.050.875.130'], ['D27.505.519.625.150', 'D27.505.696.577.150'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['D02.092.311.200.480', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.200.480', 'D12.125.072.050.685.400.500', 'D12.125.072.050.875.130.500'], ['C10.228.140.079.862.500', 'C10.228.662.600.400', 'C10.574.928.750'], ['D27.505.259.843', 'D27.505.519.871', 'D27.720.470.410.650'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.350.350.800', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800', 'E01.370.350.710.800', 'E01.370.350.825.800', 'E01.370.384.730.800'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['Z01.542.363']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
The representation of health professionals on governing boards of health care organizations in New York City.
|
The Representation of Health Professionals on Governing Boards of Health Care Organizations in New York City. The heightened importance of processes and outcomes of care-including their impact on health care organizations' (HCOs) financial health-translate into greater accountability for clinical performance on the part of HCO leaders, including their boards, during an era of health care reform. Quality and safety of care are now fiduciary responsibilities of HCO board members. The participation of health professionals on HCO governing bodies may be an asset to HCO governing boards because of their deep knowledge of clinical problems, best practices, quality indicators, and other issues related to the safety and quality of care. And yet, the sparse data that exist indicate that physicians comprise more than 20 % of the governing board members of hospitals while less than 5 % are nurses and no data exist on other health professionals. The purpose of this two-phased study is to examine health professionals' representations on HCOs-specifically hospitals, home care agencies, nursing homes, and federally qualified health centers-in New York City. Through a survey of these organizations, phase 1 of the study found that 93 % of hospitals had physicians on their governing boards, compared with 26 % with nurses, 7 % with dentists, and 4 % with social workers or psychologists. The overrepresentation of physicians declined with the other HCOs. Only 38 % of home care agencies had physicians on their governing boards, 29 % had nurses, and 24 % had social workers. Phase 2 focused on the barriers to the appointment of health professionals to governing boards of HCOs and the strategies to address these barriers. Sixteen health care leaders in the region were interviewed in this qualitative study. Barriers included invisibility of health professionals other than physicians; concerns about "special interests"; lack of financial resources for donations to the organization; and lack of knowledge and skills with regard to board governance, especially financial matters. Strategies included developing an infrastructure for preparing and getting appointed various health professionals, mentoring, and developing a personal plan of action for appointments.
|
['Governing Board', 'Health Facility Administration', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Health Personnel', 'Humans', 'Inservice Training', 'Mentors', 'New York City', 'Social Work']
| 23,192,386
|
[['N04.452.394'], ['N02.278.216', 'N04.452.442'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['M01.526.485', 'N02.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I02.574'], ['M01.395'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.530.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530.530', 'Z01.433.741'], ['I01.880.792', 'N02.421.849']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
"This glorious twilight zone of uncertainty": mental health consultations in general practice in New Zealand.
|
General practitioners provide treatment for the majority of people diagnosed as having a mental disorder in New Zealand, but much research suggests that they fail to diagnose many common mental disorders. This paper explores the issue of GP recognition of mental health problems through four discussion groups with GPs from the lower half of the North Island of New Zealand. GPs were asked to consider what they thought their role was in relation to mental health, what facilitated discussion of mental health issues in consultations and what could influence patients to disclose mental health problems. The analysis of the data collected drew on thematic and discourse analysis. Four key domains that had an impact on the consultation were identified, which were categorised as practice pressures, socio-cultural factors, the medico-legal framework and the consultation process. GPs employ a number of strategies to respond to the systemic and social issues influencing the consultation. This research suggests that GPs do recognise mental health problems in patients, but that a number of important factors result in the consultations not being labeled as mental health ones. The paper concludes by offering a framework for the mental health consultation that illustrates the systemic issues that GPs consider when making decisions about mental health consultations.
|
['Family Practice', 'Humans', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Mental Disorders', 'New Zealand', 'Physician-Patient Relations', 'Referral and Consultation', 'State Medicine']
| 15,970,230
|
[['H02.403.340.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['F03'], ['Z01.639.760.747', 'Z01.678.100.747'], ['F01.829.401.650.675', 'N05.300.660.625'], ['N04.452.758.849'], ['N03.349.550.902', 'N03.858']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Telephone communications with several commercial respirators.
|
Previous work showed that telephone communications while wearing military respirators degraded both word comprehension and recognition speed. In addition, electronic amplification of the speech diaphragm signal had shown no advantage to the extra hardware. This experiment was performed to test effects of different configurations of commercially available respirators on telephone communications accuracy and speed. Twelve pairs of subjects were separated into different rooms and communicated by telephone. Modified rhyme-test words were presented by computer to the speaker, who transmitted the word by telephone to the listener. During the first replication, subjects were given no instruction about telephone communications procedure. During the second replication subjects followed a communications protocol that instructed them when to move the telephone handset from their ears to their mouths. Results showed that the protocol uniformly improved communications accuracy without incurring any extra time penalty. Word comprehension was still twice as fast without a respirator as with a respirator. Accuracy with the protocol nearly equaled the no respirator control value for most respirators tested.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Communication', 'Equipment Design', 'Humans', 'Respiratory Protective Devices', 'Speech Intelligibility', 'Speech Perception', 'Telephone']
| 11,767,932
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['E05.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.700.700', 'J01.637.708.560.937'], ['F01.145.209.908.677.610', 'G11.561.812.686'], ['F02.463.593.071.875', 'G07.888.125.875'], ['L01.178.847.698']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Organic contaminants removal by the technique of pulsed high-voltage discharge in water.
|
Pulsed high-voltage discharge as one of the AOTs has generated a lot of interest in its applications to organic contaminants removal. It was demonstrated that some contaminants such as dyes and phenols could be effectively removed by the discharge, which can promote both physical and chemical processes leading to strong UV light, local high temperature, intense shock waves and the formation of chemically active species such as OH, H, O, O(2)(-), HO(2), H(2)O(2), O(3), respectively, etc. The technology was been further developed by the updating of the power supply and the discharge reactor. The formation of active species is one of the crucial factors in the degradation of organic compounds in the pulsed high-voltage discharge system. This paper reviews the literatures on the pulsed power supply, reactor, physical effects, active species formation and mechanism of organic contaminants degradation in the discharge system.
|
['Electricity', 'Electrochemistry', 'Equipment Design', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Industrial Waste', 'Organic Chemicals', 'Oxygen', 'Phenols', 'Temperature', 'Ultraviolet Rays', 'Waste Disposal, Fluid', 'Water', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical', 'Water Purification']
| 19,640,640
|
[['G01.358.500.249'], ['H01.181.529.307'], ['E05.320'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['D20.944.420', 'N06.850.460.710.420'], ['D02'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925'], ['D27.888.284.903.655'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.900.900', 'N06.850.860.510.900.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Fluoride bioavailability in saliva and plaque.
|
BACKGROUND: Different fluoride formulations may have different effects on caries prevention. It was the aim of this clinical study to assess the fluoride content, provided by NaF compared to amine fluoride, in saliva and plaque.METHODS: Eight trained volunteers brushed their teeth in the morning for 3 minutes with either NaF or amine fluoride, and saliva and 3-day-plaque-regrowth was collected at 5 time intervals during 6 hours after tooth brushing. The amount of collected saliva and plaque was measured, and the fluoride content was analysed using a fluoride sensitive electrode. All subjects repeated all study cycles 5 times, and 3 cycles per subject underwent statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test.RESULTS: Immediately after brushing the fluoride concentration in saliva increased rapidly and dropped to the baseline level after 360 minutes. No difference was found between NaF and amine fluoride. All plaque fluoride levels were elevated after 30 minutes until 120 minutes after tooth brushing, and decreasing after 360 minutes to baseline. According to the highly individual profile of fluoride in saliva and plaque, both levels of bioavailability correlated for the first 30 minutes, and the fluoride content of saliva and plaque was back to baseline after 6 hours.CONCLUSIONS: Fluoride levels in saliva and plaque are interindividually highly variable. However, no significant difference in bioavailability between NaF and amine fluoride, in saliva, or in plaque was found.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Amines', 'Biological Availability', 'Cariostatic Agents', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Dental Plaque', 'Dentifrices', 'Female', 'Fluorides', 'Humans', 'Ion-Selective Electrodes', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Saliva', 'Sodium Fluoride', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Tin Fluorides', 'Toothbrushing', 'Young Adult']
| 22,230,722
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D02.092'], ['G03.787.151', 'G07.690.725.129'], ['D25.223', 'D27.505.696.706.222', 'D27.720.102.223', 'D27.720.799.113', 'J01.637.051.223'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['C07.793.208.377'], ['D25.376', 'D27.720.269.380', 'J01.637.051.376'], ['D01.248.497.158.380', 'D01.303.350.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.305.250.471'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A12.200.666'], ['D01.303.350.300.875', 'D01.857.725', 'D25.223.716', 'J01.637.051.223.716'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['D01.303.350.300.950', 'D01.935.925', 'D25.223.800', 'J01.637.051.223.800'], ['E06.761.726.794'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
HandAlign: Bayesian multiple sequence alignment, phylogeny and ancestral reconstruction.
|
UNLABELLED: We describe handalign, a software package for Bayesian reconstruction of phylogenetic history. The underlying model of sequence evolution describes indels and substitutions. Alignments, trees and model parameters are all treated as jointly dependent random variables and sampled via Metropolis-Hastings Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), enabling systematic statistical parameter inference and hypothesis testing. handalign implements several different MCMC proposal kernels, allows sampling from arbitrary target distributions via Hastings ratios, and uses standard file formats for trees, alignments and models.AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: Installation and usage instructions are at http://biowiki.org/HandAlign.
|
['Bayes Theorem', 'HIV', 'HIV Envelope Protein gp120', 'INDEL Mutation', 'Markov Chains', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Monte Carlo Method', 'Phylogeny', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Simian Immunodeficiency Virus', 'Software', 'Viral Envelope Proteins']
| 22,285,828
|
[['E05.318.740.600.200', 'N05.715.360.750.625.150', 'N06.850.520.830.600.200'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350'], ['D12.776.964.775.325.164.249', 'D12.776.964.775.562.500.500', 'D12.776.964.970.880.325.164.249', 'D23.050.327.520.350'], ['G05.365.590.500', 'G05.558.370'], ['E05.318.740.600.500', 'E05.318.740.996.500', 'G17.830.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.500', 'N05.715.360.750.770.500', 'N06.850.520.830.600.500', 'N06.850.520.830.996.500'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['E05.318.740.525', 'L01.906.394.422', 'N05.715.360.750.540', 'N06.850.520.830.525'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['E05.393.751'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.800', 'B04.820.650.805.700'], ['L01.224.900'], ['D09.400.430.968', 'D12.776.395.550.993', 'D12.776.543.550.993', 'D12.776.964.970.880']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A statistical procedure to map high-order epistasis for complex traits.
|
Genetic interactions or epistasis have been thought to play a pivotal role in shaping the formation, development and evolution of life. Previous work focused on lower-order interactions between a pair of genes, but it is obviously inadequate to explain a complex network of genetic interactions and pathways. We review and assess a statistical model for characterizing high-order epistasis among more than two genes or quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that control a complex trait. The model includes a series of start-of-the-art standard procedures for estimating and testing the nature and magnitude of QTL interactions. Results from simulation studies and real data analysis warrant the statistical properties of the model and its usefulness in practice. High-order epistatic mapping will provide a routine procedure for charting a detailed picture of the genetic regulation mechanisms underlying the phenotypic variation of complex traits.
|
['Computer Simulation', 'Epistasis, Genetic', 'Models, Genetic', 'Quantitative Trait Loci']
| 22,723,459
|
[['L01.224.160'], ['G05.308.207'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['G05.360.340.024.380.937']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cloning, expression, and chromosomal mapping of a human ganglioside sialidase.
|
Here we report the cDNA sequence of a human ganglioside sialidase. The cDNA was isolated from a human brain cDNA library by screening with a 240 bp probe generated by polymerase chain reaction using primers based on the sequences of rat cytosolic and bovine membrane sialidases which we previously cloned. The 3.0 kb cDNA encodes an open reading frame of 436 amino acids containing a putative transmenbrane domain and an Arg-Ile-Pro and three Asp-box sequences characteristic of sialidases and showing overall 83% and 39% identities to the bovine and rat enzymes, respectively. Northern blot analysis revealed high expression in skeletal muscle and testis, but low level in kidney, placenta, lung, and digestive organs. Transient expression of the cDNA in COS-1 cells resulted in a 130-fold increase in sialidase activity compared to the control level, and the activity was found to be almost specific for gangliosides. Fluorescent in situ hybridization allowed the human sialidase gene localized to chromosome 11 at q 13.5.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Blotting, Northern', 'COS Cells', 'Cattle', 'Cell Membrane', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Gene Expression', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Neuraminidase', 'Physical Chromosome Mapping', 'Rats', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Substrate Specificity', 'Transfection']
| 10,405,317
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.196.401.095', 'E05.301.300.074', 'E05.601.100'], ['A11.251.210.172.500', 'A11.329.228.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A11.284.149'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.325.355', 'G05.360.162.520.300.325.355'], ['E05.393.220'], ['G05.297'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D08.811.277.450.692'], ['E05.393.183.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G02.111.835'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Chronic bullous disease of childhood in three patients of Polynesian extraction.
|
Chronic bullous disease of childhood is an acquired subepidermal bullous disease. Its true incidence is unknown and to our knowledge there have been no reported cases in Polynesians. We report three cases who presented within 1 year to the Dermatology Department, Auckland Public Hospital, New Zealand.
|
['Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Chronic Disease', 'Humans', 'Male', 'New Zealand', 'Polynesia', 'Skin', 'Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous']
| 2,225,542
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.639.760.747', 'Z01.678.100.747'], ['Z01.639.760.815'], ['A17.815'], ['C17.800.865']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Pulmonary function and respiratory health after successful treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis.
|
BACKGROUND: Post-treatment morbidity among subjects with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is unclear.METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of patients from Tbilisi, Georgia with cavitary DR-TB and an outcome of cure. Participants had a chest X-ray (CXR), St. George Respiratory Quality (SGRQ) survey, and pulmonary function tests (PFTs) performed. Correlations between SGRQ and PFT results and factors associated with pulmonary impairment were examined.RESULTS: Among 58 subjects (median age 31 years), 40% used tobacco, 59% had prior TB, and 47% underwent adjunctive surgical resection. The median follow-up time was 41 months. Follow-up CXR revealed fibrosis in 30 subjects (52%) and bronchiectasis in seven (12%). The median forced expiratory volume (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio was 0.72, with 24 subjects (41%) having a ratio of ?0.70. Significant correlations existed between PFT measures and overall and component SGRQ scores. In linear regression, age, prior TB, and CXR fibrosis or bronchiectasis were significantly associated with decreased pulmonary function. Adjunctive surgery was significantly associated with a higher percent predicted FEV1 and FVC.CONCLUSIONS: A high proportion of DR-TB subjects had residual pulmonary impairment, particularly with recurrent TB and severe radiological disease. The association of surgical resection with improved lung function deserves further study. PFTs and SGRQ may both be useful to evaluate lung health.
|
['Adult', 'Bronchiectasis', 'Cohort Studies', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Forced Expiratory Volume', 'Georgia', 'Humans', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pulmonary Fibrosis', 'Radiography', 'Respiratory Function Tests', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant', 'Vital Capacity', 'Young Adult']
| 30,844,519
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C08.127.384'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E01.370.386.700.660.230', 'G09.772.650.430'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.250', 'Z01.107.567.875.750.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A04.411'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C08.381.765'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E01.370.386.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.775'], ['E01.370.386.700.485.750.900', 'G09.772.850.970'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A preliminary study of the metabolic stability of a series of benzoxazinone derivatives as potent neuropeptide Y5 antagonists.
|
The metabolic stability of benzoxazinone derivatives, a potent series of NPY Y5 antagonists, has been investigated. This study resulted in the identification of the structural moieties prone to metabolic transformations and which strongly influenced the in vitro half-life. This provides opportunities to optimize the structure of this new class of NPY Y5 antagonists.
|
['Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Drug Stability', 'Molecular Structure', 'Oxazines', 'Receptors, Neuropeptide Y', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 15,982,873
|
[['E05.290.750', 'E05.337.550'], ['E05.916.330'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D03.383.533'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.540', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.540'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Trait diagnosticity versus behavioral consistency as determinants of impression change in adulthood.
|
Age differences in the types of processing associated with impression change were examined. Young, middle-aged, and older adults formed an impression of a target based on a short vignette that described either positive or negative characteristics in 1 of 2 domains (ability vs. morality). Impression change was examined after presentation of additional behavioral information that was inconsistent with the original vignette. Replicating previous findings, younger adults changed their impressions in response to the consistency of the new information with the initial target description. In contrast, impression change in the 2 older groups was based on the trait diagnosticity of the original and new information, suggesting greater use of inferential, knowledge-based processing with age. The results indicate that qualitative difference exist in impression change processes, with different-aged individuals considering different types of information when constructing and updating social representations.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aging', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Judgment', 'Male', 'Mental Recall', 'Middle Aged', 'Social Desirability', 'Social Perception', 'Social Values']
| 10,224,633
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G07.345.124'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.785.626'], ['F02.463.425.540.641'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.145.813.628'], ['F02.463.593.752'], ['F01.829.873']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Bacterial Communities Differ among Drosophila melanogaster Populations and Affect Host Resistance against Parasitoids.
|
In Drosophila, diet is considered a prominent factor shaping the associated bacterial community. However, the host population background (e.g. genotype, geographical origin and founder effects) is a factor that may also exert a significant influence and is often overlooked. To test for population background effects, we characterized the bacterial communities in larvae of six genetically differentiated and geographically distant D. melanogaster lines collected from natural populations across Europe. The diet for these six lines had been identical for ca. 50 generations, thus any differences in the composition of the microbiome originates from the host populations. We also investigated whether induced shifts in the microbiome-in this case by controlled antibiotic administration-alters the hosts' resistance to parasitism. Our data revealed a clear signature of population background on the diversity and composition of D. melanogaster microbiome that differed across lines, even after hosts had been maintained at the same diet and laboratory conditions for over 4 years. In particular, the number of bacterial OTUs per line ranged from 8 to 39 OTUs. Each line harboured 2 to 28 unique OTUs, and OTUs that were highly abundant in some lines were entirely missing in others. Moreover, we found that the response to antibiotic treatment differed among the lines and significantly altered the host resistance to the parasitoid Asobara tabida in one of the six lines. Wolbachia, a widespread intracellular endosymbiont associated with parasitoid resistance, was lacking in this line, suggesting that other components of the Drosophila microbiome caused a change in host resistance. Collectively, our results revealed that lines that originate from different population backgrounds show significant differences in the established Drosophila microbiome, outpacing the long-term effect of diet. Perturbations on these naturally assembled microbiomes to some degree influenced the hosts' resistance against natural parasites.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bacteria', 'Disease Resistance', 'Drosophila melanogaster', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Female', 'Founder Effect', 'Genetics, Population', 'Genotype', 'Geography', 'Host-Parasite Interactions', 'Larva', 'Microbial Consortia', 'Microbiota', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S', 'Species Specificity', 'Wasps', 'Wolbachia']
| 27,973,604
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['B03'], ['C23.550.291.671', 'G12.450.564.250', 'G12.450.800.250', 'G15.630.250'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250.500'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['G05.285'], ['H01.158.273.343.335'], ['G05.380'], ['H01.277.500'], ['G16.527.200.400'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['G06.591.750', 'G16.500.275.157.049.100.500.750', 'N06.230.124.049.100.500.500'], ['G06.591', 'G16.500.275.157.049.100.500', 'N06.230.124.049.100.500'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['D13.444.735.686.670'], ['G16.824'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.875.900'], ['B03.660.050.783.500.762']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Collisionally induced fragmentation of [M-H](-) species of resveratrol and piceatannol investigated by deuterium labelling and accurate mass measurements.
|
Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) and piceatannol (3,4,3',5'-tetrahydroxy-trans-stilbene) are phytoalexins present in red grapes and wines. In vitro studies have revealed that piceatannol blocks LMP2A, a viral protein-tyrosine kinase implicated in leukemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and other diseases associated with the Epstein-Barr virus, and has an antimelanoma effect on human melanoma cells. Resveratrol has several beneficial effects on human health, such as anticancer, cardioprotection, antioxidant, inhibition of platelet aggregation and anti-inflammatory activity. In this investigation, the collisional behaviour of deprotonated resveratrol and piceatannol obtained under electrospray conditions is described. The mechanisms involved in the fragmentation pattern of [M-H](-) species of the two compounds were investigated by performing MS(n) experiments, deuterium labelling and accurate mass measurements.
|
['Deuterium', 'Deuterium Exchange Measurement', 'Molecular Weight', 'Resveratrol', 'Sesquiterpenes', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization', 'Stilbenes', 'Terpenes']
| 18,980,255
|
[['D01.268.406.500', 'D01.362.340.500', 'D01.496.289'], ['E05.196.344'], ['G02.494'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700.725.875', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.715.500'], ['D02.455.849.765'], ['E05.196.566.600'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700'], ['D02.455.849']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Introduction to Mr CHENG Dan-An and his works].
|
Mr CHENG Dan-an is a famous educationist and acupuncturist in modern China. He established the earliest acupuncture correspondence institution named Chinese Research Society of Acu-moxibustion. Meanwhile he founded the earliest professional magazine, Journal of Acu-moxibustion which played an important role in promoting redevelopment of acu-moxibustion. Mr CHENG Dan-an wrote many famous works. Research on CHENG's academic thoughts and works will help a lot in knowing the development and evolution of modern acupuncturology in the period of the Republic of China. The present paper introduces it by the help of 7 books including Zhenjiu Zhiliao Xue (Chinese Acu-moxibustion Therapeutics).
|
['Acupuncture', 'Acupuncture Therapy', 'China', 'History, 19th Century', 'History, 20th Century', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Medical Illustration', 'Medicine, Chinese Traditional']
| 19,097,510
|
[['H02.004'], ['E02.190.044'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['K01.400.504.937'], ['K01.400.504.968'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.385', 'J01.897.280.500.480', 'K01.093.410', 'L01.178.820.090.480'], ['E02.190.488.585.520', 'I01.076.201.450.654.558.520']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Renal function in SFD and AFD preterm babies.
|
Maturation of neonatal glomerular function as evidenced by serum creatinine and creatinine clearance was assessed in 15 preterm small for dates infants (Group I) and compared with values obtained in 15 preterm appropriate for date babies (Group II), on 3rd, 7th and 14th postnatal days. The mean gestational ages were 34.2 and 32.5 weeks and birth weights 1436 +/- 302g and 1752 +/- 422 g, respectively. The mean serum creatinine values in Group I were 1.40 +/- 0.28, 1.18 +/- 0.22 and 0.92 +/- 0.11 mg/dl and for Group II, 1.22 +/- 0.22, 1.01 +/- 0.24 and 0.82 +/- 0.17 mg/dl on days 3, 7 and 14, respectively. Glomerular filtration rates as evidenced by creatinine clearance were 16.08 +/- 3.53, 21.25 +/- 4.79 and 36.96 +/- 6.44 ml/min/1.73 m2 for Group I as compared to 21.38 +/- 6.65, 35.96 +/- 11.47 and 57.61 +/- 21.61 ml/min/1.73 m2 for Group II on these days, showing statistically significant (p < 0.001) increase in renal function in both the groups from days 3 to 14. Even though the serum creatinine values in the two groups were comparable at identical postnatal ages, creatinine clearance was shown to be statistically less (p < 0.05 on day 3, p < 0.001 on day 7 and p < 0.01 on day 14, respectively) in Group I as compared to Group II, thereby implying slower renal maturation in small for dates preterm babies.
|
['Creatinine', 'Fetal Growth Retardation', 'Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Premature', 'Infant, Small for Gestational Age', 'Kidney Function Tests', 'Longitudinal Studies']
| 8,375,882
|
[['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['C13.703.277.370', 'C16.300.390', 'C23.550.393.450'], ['E01.370.390.400.300', 'G08.852.357'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.703.520.520'], ['M01.060.703.520.460.560'], ['E01.370.390.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A brief DSM-IV-referenced teacher rating scale for monitoring behavioral improvement in ADHD and co-occurring symptoms.
|
OBJECTIVE: To examine the psychometric properties of the 30-item teacher's version of the Child and Adolescent Symptom Inventory Progress Monitor (CASI-PM-T), a DSM-IV-referenced rating scale for monitoring change in ADHD and co-occurring symptoms in youths receiving behavioral or pharmacological interventions.METHOD: Three separate studies were conducted to determine (a) which items from longer diagnostic instruments were most representative of ADHD and commonly occurring psychiatric syndromes in clinic-referred samples ( N = 406) aged between 3 and 18 years, (b) the reliability and validity of the CASI-PM-T in students enrolled in full-time special education programs at the elementary and middle school levels (N = 169), and (c) the clinical utility of measuring behavioral change in a sample of outpatient ADHD children beginning treatment with stimulant medication.RESULTS: Internal consistency reliabilities (.71-.94), 2-week test-retest reliabilities (r = .70-.90), and interrater agreement (r = .44-.78) for the CASI-PM-T symptom categories were comparable to the full-length CASI-4. Convergence was also found between corresponding CASI-PM-T categories and consultant diagnoses of ADHD and ODD as well as school functioning measures of grade-point average and suspensions. The CASI-PM-T also demonstrated sensitivity to stimulant medication treatment effects.CONCLUSION: Findings provide preliminary support for the reliability, validity, and clinical utility of the CASI-PM-T.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity', 'Child', 'Child Behavior', 'Child, Preschool', 'Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders', 'Faculty', 'Humans', 'Psychometrics', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Teaching', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 20,228,218
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F03.625.094.150'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F01.145.179'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['L01.453.245.945.200'], ['M01.526.702.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.711.780'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['I02.903'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
In vitro antiviral activity of the 6-substituted 2-(3',4'-dichlorophenoxy)-2H-pyrano[2,3-b]pyridines MDL 20,610, MDL 20,646, and MDL 20,957.
|
The 6-substituted 2-(3',4'-dichlorophenoxy)-2H-pyrano[2,3-b]pyridines MDL 20,610 (6-SO2CH3), MDL 20,646 (6-Br), and MDL 20,957 (6-Cl) are potent antirhinovirus compounds with median plaque 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC1/2s) of 0.03, 0.006, and 0.006 micrograms/ml, respectively, against the 32 serotypes evaluated. The 6-halogenated analogs produced 99% reductions in progeny virion yields at concentrations as low as 0.004 micrograms/ml. However, these analogs perturbated HeLa cell metabolism at lower concentrations (at or above 5 micrograms/ml) than did the 6-methylsulfonyl analog (at or above 20 micrograms/ml). Compound MDL 20,610 was also active against human, simian, and bovine rotaviruses (cytopathic effect IC1/2s of 0.8 to 1.5 micrograms/ml) and possessed variable enterovirus and paramyxovirus activity.
|
['Antiviral Agents', 'DNA, Viral', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Pyridines', 'RNA, Viral', 'Viral Plaque Assay', 'Viral Proteins', 'Viruses']
| 3,593,475
|
[['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.383.725'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['E01.370.225.875.970.790', 'E05.200.875.970.790'], ['D12.776.964'], ['B04']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Detection and segmentation of concealed objects in terahertz images.
|
Terahertz imaging makes it possible to acquire images of objects concealed underneath clothing by measuring the radiometric temperatures of different objects on a human subject. The goal of this work is to automatically detect and segment concealed objects in broadband 0.1-1 THz images. Due to the inherent physical properties of passive terahertz imaging and associated hardware, images have poor contrast and low signal to noise ratio. Standard segmentation algorithms are unable to segment or detect concealed objects. Our approach relies on two stages. First, we remove the noise from the image using the anisotropic diffusion algorithm. We then detect the boundaries of the concealed objects. We use a mixture of Gaussian densities to model the distribution of the temperature inside the image. We then evolve curves along the isocontours of the image to identify the concealed objects. We have compared our approach with two state-of-the-art segmentation methods. Both methods fail to identify the concealed objects, while our method accurately detected the objects. In addition, our approach was more accurate than a state-of-the-art supervised image segmentation algorithm that required that the concealed objects be already identified. Our approach is completely unsupervised and could work in real-time on dedicated hardware.
|
['Algorithms', 'Artificial Intelligence', 'Image Enhancement', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Pattern Recognition, Automated', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Terahertz Imaging']
| 19,004,716
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G17.035.250', 'L01.224.050.375'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['L01.399.750'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.350.780']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Microbiome and its relation to gestational diabetes.
|
PURPOSE: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), the major endocrine pathology in pregnancy, has been associated with the development of an intense inflammatory process and increased insulin resistance. The maternal microbiota is involved in several metabolic functions; however, its role in GDM physiopathology remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the composition of the microbiota at different sites and evaluate its relationship with the occurrence of GDM.METHODS: This cross-sectional study recruited women in the third trimester of gestation with and without GDM. Oral, vaginal, and stool samples were evaluated using next-generation sequencing. We included 68 participants: 26 with and 42 without GDM.RESULTS: The analysis of the oral microbiome did not show significant differences in phyla and genus among the studied groups. In contrast, GDM patients presented a specific vaginal and intestinal microbiome composition, which was less diverse than those found in the control group, showing genera related to dysbiosis.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that changes in the composition of the vaginal and intestinal microbiome might be involved in the development of GDM. The follow-up of these patients in order to evaluate vaginal and intestinal samples after delivery may contribute to understanding the development of metabolic disease in women with previous GDM.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Glucose', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Diabetes, Gestational', 'Female', 'Gastrointestinal Microbiome', 'Humans', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Microbiota', 'Mouth', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Trimester, Third', 'Vagina', 'Young Adult']
| 30,421,135
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['C13.703.170', 'C18.452.394.750.448', 'C19.246.200'], ['G06.591.375', 'G16.500.275.157.049.100.500.375', 'N06.230.124.049.100.500.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['G06.591', 'G16.500.275.157.049.100.500', 'N06.230.124.049.100.500'], ['A01.456.505.631', 'A03.556.500', 'A14.549'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.707.520'], ['A05.360.319.779'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
DNA Source Selection for Downstream Applications Based on DNA Quality Indicators Analysis.
|
High-quality human DNA samples and associated information of individuals are necessary for biomedical research. Biobanks act as a support infrastructure for the scientific community by providing a large number of high-quality biological samples for specific downstream applications. For this purpose, biobank methods for sample preparation must ensure the usefulness and long-term functionality of the products obtained. Quality indicators are the tool to measure these parameters, the purity and integrity determination being those specifically used for DNA. This study analyzes the quality indicators in DNA samples derived from 118 frozen human tissues in optimal cutting temperature (OCT) reactive, 68 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues, 119 frozen blood samples, and 26 saliva samples. The results obtained for DNA quality are discussed in association with the usefulness for downstream applications and availability of the DNA source in the target study. In brief, if any material is valid, blood is the most approachable option of prospective collection of samples providing high-quality DNA. However, if diseased tissue is a requisite or samples are available, the recommended source of DNA would be frozen tissue. These conclusions will determine the best source of DNA, according to the planned downstream application. Furthermore our results support the conclusion that a complete procedure of DNA quantification and qualification is necessary to guarantee the appropriate management of the samples, avoiding low confidence results, high costs, and a waste of samples.
|
['Biological Specimen Banks', 'Cryopreservation', 'DNA', 'Formaldehyde', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Humans', 'Paraffin Embedding', 'Prospective Studies', 'Tissue Fixation']
| 27,158,753
|
[['N02.278.065'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160', 'E02.792.156', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160', 'E05.760.156'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D02.047.407'], ['E05.393.332'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.440.610', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.440.610', 'E05.200.500.620.760.440.610', 'E05.200.750.600.760.440.610'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.720', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.720', 'E05.200.500.620.760.720', 'E05.200.750.600.760.720']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Chemical magnetoreception: bird cryptochrome 1a is excited by blue light and forms long-lived radical-pairs.
|
Cryptochromes (Cry) have been suggested to form the basis of light-dependent magnetic compass orientation in birds. However, to function as magnetic compass sensors, the cryptochromes of migratory birds must possess a number of key biophysical characteristics. Most importantly, absorption of blue light must produce radical pairs with lifetimes longer than about a microsecond. Cryptochrome 1a (gwCry1a) and the photolyase-homology-region of Cry1 (gwCry1-PHR) from the migratory garden warbler were recombinantly expressed and purified from a baculovirus/Sf9 cell expression system. Transient absorption measurements show that these flavoproteins are indeed excited by light in the blue spectral range leading to the formation of radicals with millisecond lifetimes. These biophysical characteristics suggest that gwCry1a is ideally suited as a primary light-mediated, radical-pair-based magnetic compass receptor.
|
['Animal Migration', 'Animals', 'Birds', 'Cell Line', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Cryptochromes', 'Flavoproteins', 'Free Radicals', 'Insecta', 'Light', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Magnetics', 'Models, Biological', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Ultraviolet Rays']
| 17,971,869
|
[['F01.145.113.069.500'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.248'], ['A11.251.210'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D12.644.360.138.150', 'D12.776.331.180', 'D12.776.476.156.250', 'D12.776.765.593.500'], ['D12.776.331'], ['D01.339', 'D02.389'], ['B01.050.500.131.617'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['H01.671.493'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D12.776.828'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
General characteristics of the sigmoidal model equation representing quasi-static pulmonary P-V curves.
|
A pulmonary pressure-volume (P-V) curve represented by a sigmoidal model equation with four parameters, V(P) = a + b[1 + exp[-(P - c)/d]](-1), has been demonstrated to fit inflation and deflation data obtained under a variety of conditions extremely well. In the present report, a differential equation on V(P) is identified, thus relating the fourth parameter, d, to the difference between the upper and the lower asymptotes of the volume, b, through a proportionality constant, alpha, with its order of magnitude of 10(-4) to 10(-5) (in ml(-1). cmH(2)O(-1)). When the model equation is normalized using a nondimensional volume, (-1 < < 1), and a nondimensional pressure, (=(p/c) - 1), the resulting - curve depends on a single nondimensional parameter, Lambda = alphabc. A nondimensional work of expansion/compression, (1-2), is also obtained along the quasi-static sigmoidal P-V curve between an initial volume (at 1) and a final volume (at 2). Six sets of P-V data available in the literature are used to show the changes that occur in these two parameters (Lambda defining the shape of the sigmoidal curve and (1-2) accounting for the range of clinical data) with different conditions of the total respiratory system. The clinical usefulness of these parameters requires further study.
|
['Humans', 'Lung', 'Lung Volume Measurements', 'Models, Biological', 'Pressure']
| 11,408,431
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A04.411'], ['E01.370.386.700.485'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G01.374.715']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Gastric Neuroendocrine Tumor and Duodenal Gastrinoma With Chronic Autoimmune Atrophic Gastritis.
|
Our group observed the first case of synchronous gastric neuroendocrine tumor (NET) and duodenal gastrinoma with autoimmune chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), in the absence of Helicobacter pylori infection. Demographic, clinical, endoscopic, and pathologic data were abstracted from the electronic medical record at Mount Sinai Hospital from 2013 to 2015. The patient's anonymity was carefully protected, and informed consent was obtained for publication of protected health information. A 53-year-old woman with hypertension presented to Mount Sinai Hospital in June 2013 for a second opinion for management of gastric and duodenal NETs. After evaluation by gastroenterology and surgery, repeat upper endoscopy with ultrasound and fine-needle aspiration revealed multiple diminutive type I gastric NETs and 2 duodenal NETs, against a background of autoimmune CAG, with biopsy pathology negative for H. pylori. She subsequently underwent a transduodenal resection of the duodenal NETs, confirming low-grade, gastrin-positive, stage T2 duodenal NET. On routine follow-up over the next 2 years, clinical, radiographic, and endoscopic surveillance revealed no recurrent or metastatic gastric or duodenal disease. This first report of synchronous duodenal gastrinoma and gastric NET in the setting of autoimmune CAG can broaden our understanding of gastric NET pathophysiology.
|
['Autoimmune Diseases', 'Chronic Disease', 'Duodenal Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Gastrinoma', 'Gastrins', 'Gastritis, Atrophic', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuroendocrine Tumors', 'Stomach Neoplasms']
| 30,531,243
|
[['C20.111'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.445', 'C06.301.371.411.445', 'C06.405.249.411.445', 'C06.405.469.275.270', 'C06.405.469.491.445'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.290.500', 'C04.588.274.761.500.124', 'C04.588.322.475.500.124', 'C06.301.761.500.124', 'C06.689.667.500.124', 'C19.344.421.500.124'], ['D06.472.317.413', 'D06.472.699.280', 'D12.644.400.320', 'D12.644.548.280', 'D12.776.631.650.320'], ['C06.405.205.697.394', 'C06.405.748.398.394'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.557.465.625.650', 'C04.557.580.625.650'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Successful arterial switch operation for post-Mustard pulmonary venous obstruction and secondary pulmonary hypertension.
|
A 16-year-old girl presented with dyspnea 15 years after the Mustard operation for transposition of the great arteries with intact ventricular septum. An echocardiogram revealed secondary pulmonary hypertension due to pulmonary venous obstruction. Cardiac catheterization showed the left (pulmonary) ventricular pressure was over the systemic level. We performed a successful one-stage switch conversion. The patient is doing well 1 year after the switch conversion.
|
['Adolescent', 'Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Pulmonary', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Pulmonary Veno-Occlusive Disease', 'Transposition of Great Vessels', 'Ventricular Dysfunction, Left']
| 11,899,218
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E04.100.376', 'E04.928.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381.423', 'C14.907.489.556'], ['C23.550.767'], ['C08.381.780', 'C14.907.690'], ['C14.240.400.915', 'C14.280.400.915', 'C16.131.240.400.915'], ['C14.280.945.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Abnormally high neuronal density in the schizophrenic cortex. A morphometric analysis of prefrontal area 9 and occipital area 17.
|
BACKGROUND: In the past two decades, gross morphologic changes have been uncovered in the schizophrenic brain, eg, increased ventricular width and decreased cortical volume; however, relatively little is known about the area-specific and laminar density of cells in the schizophrenic cortex, particularly in prefrontal areas.METHODS: A direct, three-dimensional counting method was used to determine cell density in 16 brains from patients with schizophrenia, 19 from normal subjects, six from patients with schizoaffective disorder, and nine from patients with advanced-stage Huntington's disease.RESULTS: Increased neuronal density was found in prefrontal area 9 (17%) and occipital area 17 (10%) in the schizophrenic brains. In area 9, neuronal density was increased in layers III to VI; cell packing of pyramidal and nonpyramidal neurons was elevated. Cortical thickness in the schizophrenic brains was slightly but not significantly reduced in both areas, with a disproportionate reduction in layer V in area 9. In contrast, brains with Huntington's disease exhibited markedly higher glial density (50%) and drastically reduced cortical thickness (28%).CONCLUSION: Abnormally high density in the cerebral cortices of schizophrenics suggests that neuronal atrophy is the anatomic substrate for deficient information processing in schizophrenia.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Atrophy', 'Cell Count', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Gliosis', 'Humans', 'Huntington Disease', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neurons', 'Occipital Lobe', 'Prefrontal Cortex', 'Psychotic Disorders', 'Pyramidal Cells', 'Schizophrenia']
| 7,575,100
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.300.070'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['E01.171'], ['C23.550.369'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.079.545', 'C10.228.140.380.278', 'C10.228.662.262.249.750', 'C10.574.500.497', 'C16.320.400.430', 'F03.615.250.400', 'F03.615.400.390'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.571'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270.700'], ['F03.700.675'], ['A08.675.790', 'A11.671.790'], ['F03.700.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Assessment by cytogenetic analysis of the radioprotection properties of propolis extract.
|
Propolis obtained from honeybee hives has been used in folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic or immunomodulatory agent. In animal studies, the radioprotector effect of propolis has been attributed to its free-radical scavenging properties. The present study was carried out to show the protective properties of propolis extract against DNA damage induced by gamma irradiation. The evaluation of the radioprotective effect of propolis has been carried out by the analysis of chromosome aberration induction after several doses of gamma rays. The results of an analysis in the presence of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) were compared with the dose-effect calibration curve for gamma-rays by analysis of chromosome aberrations without propolis, a decrease in the radiation-induced chromosome aberrations has been observed to be higher than 50% for all the doses.
|
['Cells, Cultured', 'Chromosome Aberrations', 'Cytogenetic Analysis', 'DNA', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation', 'Humans', 'Lymphocytes', 'Propolis', 'Radiation Dosage', 'Radiation Injuries', 'Radiation Protection', 'Radiation Tolerance', 'Radiation-Protective Agents', 'Radiometry', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 16,381,767
|
[['A11.251'], ['C23.550.210', 'G05.365.590.175'], ['E01.370.225.500.385', 'E05.200.500.385', 'E05.242.385', 'E05.393.285'], ['D13.444.308'], ['E05.799.513.500', 'G01.750.740.500', 'G04.712.500', 'G07.225', 'G07.738.500', 'N06.850.810.250.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['D05.750.078.840.762', 'D20.215.721.500.762'], ['E05.799.513', 'G01.750.740', 'N06.850.810.250'], ['C26.733', 'G01.750.748.500', 'N06.850.460.350.850.500', 'N06.850.810.300.360'], ['N06.850.810.425'], ['G04.712', 'G07.738'], ['D27.505.696.706.776', 'D27.720.799.763'], ['E05.799'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Ontogeny of gamma-aminobutyric acid in efferent fibers to the rat cochlea.
|
Cochlear efferent innervation originates in two different groups of neurons located in the superior olivary complex. A first group of olivocochlear neurons (lateral efferent neurons) lies in the lateral superior olive. They send axons to the organ of Corti, where they synapse with radial afferent dendrites of primary auditory neurons, postsynaptic to the inner hair cells. The second group of neurons (medial efferent neurons) is found in medial subnuclei of the superior olivary complex and sends axons to synapse with outer hair cells. Subpopulations of both medial and lateral olivocochlear neurons probably use gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) as a neurotransmitter. We have used an immunoperoxidase technique to detect GABA-like immunoreactivity (GABA-LI) in postnatal maturing rat cochleas. The GABA-LI appeared in the inner hair cell region by P3 (P1 = birth) and reached a mature appearance by P15-P16. In the outer hair cell region, GABA-like immunoreactive fibers and terminals could not be identified until P9 and they were only found in the apical end of the cochlea. There was a dual gradient of maturation of GABA-LI in the cochlea. The GABA-LI appeared first at the cochlear base and then extended towards the apex. It also appeared earlier (about a week) in the inner hair cell region than in the outer hair cell region. This dual gradient of maturation is in close agreement with previous data concerning the maturation of the cochlea.
|
['Animals', 'Cochlea', 'Efferent Pathways', 'Glutamate Decarboxylase', 'Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner', 'Hair Cells, Auditory, Outer', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Nerve Fibers', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'gamma-Aminobutyric Acid']
| 8,306,429
|
[['B01.050'], ['A09.246.300.246'], ['A08.612.380'], ['D08.811.520.224.125.250'], ['A08.675.650.250.250', 'A08.675.650.915.750.600.350.350', 'A08.800.950.750.600.350.350', 'A09.246.300.246.577.325.315', 'A11.671.650.250.250', 'A11.671.650.915.750.600.350.350'], ['A08.675.650.250.315', 'A08.675.650.915.750.600.350.365', 'A08.800.950.750.600.350.365', 'A09.246.300.246.577.325.380', 'A11.671.650.250.315', 'A11.671.650.915.750.600.350.365'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['A08.675.542', 'A11.671.501'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350', 'D12.125.190.350']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Well-being and health.
|
One way of evaluating health is in terms of its impact on well-being. It has been shown, however, that evaluating health this way runs into difficulties, since health and other aspects of well-being are not separable. At the same time, the practical implications of the inseparability problem remain unclear. This paper assesses these implications by considering the relations between theories, components, and indicators of well-being.
|
['Health Status', 'Health Status Indicators', 'Humans', 'Philosophy', 'Quality of Life']
| 18,004,663
|
[['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['K01.752'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The comorbidity of bipolar disorder and axis II personality disorders: prevalence and clinical correlates.
|
OBJECTIVES: Many studies have examined the prevalence and predictive validity of axis II personality disorders among unipolar depressed patients, but few have examined these issues among bipolar patients. The few studies that do exist suggest that axis II pathology complicates the diagnosis and course of bipolar disorder. This study examined the prevalence of axis II disorder in bipolar patients who were clinically remitted.METHODS: We assessed the co-occurrence of personality disorder among 52 remitted DSM-III-R bipolar patients using a structured diagnostic interview, the Personality Disorder Examination (PDE).RESULTS: Axis II disorders can be rated reliably among bipolar patients who are in remission. Co-diagnosis of personality disorder occurred in 28.8% of patients. Cluster B (dramatic, emotionally erratic) and cluster C (fearful, avoidant) personality disorders were more common than cluster A (odd, eccentric) disorders. Bipolar patients with personality disorders differed from bipolar patients without personality disorders in the severity of their residual mood symptoms, even during remission.CONCLUSIONS: When structured assessment of personality disorder is performed during a clinical remission, less than one in three bipolar patients meets full syndromal criteria for an axis II disorder. Examining rates of comorbid personality disorder in broad-based community samples of bipolar spectrum patients would further clarify the linkage between these sets of disorders.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Alcoholism', 'Bipolar Disorder', 'Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Compliance', 'Personality Disorders', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prevalence', 'Psychotherapy', 'Severity of Illness Index']
| 12,680,901
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C25.775.100.250', 'F03.900.100.350'], ['F03.084.500'], ['L01.453.245.945.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.600', 'F01.145.488.887.500.600', 'N05.300.150.800.500.600'], ['F03.675'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['F04.754'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Venous ulcer fibroblasts respond to basic fibroblast growth factor at the cell cycle protein level.
|
Fibroblasts cultured from venous ulcers demonstrate phenotypic characteristics of cellular senescence including slow growth, altered morphology, upregulation of fibronectin, and increased senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity. In senescent cells, arrest of cell replication is related to overexpression of p21 and underexpression of phosphorylated tumor-suppressor protein retinoblastoma (ppRb). The regulatory mechanisms for cell proliferation in venous ulcer fibroblasts are unknown. In this study, venous ulcer fibroblasts are examined for cell cycle protein expression and modulation by basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Fibroblasts were isolated from the venous ulcer of the distal lower extremity (fb-D) of patients with chronic venous insufficiency. A control biopsy was obtained from the proximal ipsilateral thigh (fb-P). Paired cultures were plated at 100,000 cells/plate and the cells synchronized. After 24 hr, one culture set was treated with bFGF (20 ng/mL) and the other was kept in culture medium only (untreated). All cultures, treated and untreated, were lysed following 24 hr of incubation, and the lysate was used to perform immunoblot analysis for p21, ppRb, and cyclin D1. Immunoblot samples were standardized to protein content. In all patients analyzed (n = 4), at basal levels (untreated) fb-D demonstrated significant overexpression of p21 versus fb-P (p = 0.016). Treatment with bFGF resulted in significant downregulation of p21 levels for fb-D (p = 0.008) and fb-P (p = 0.037) compared to untreated fibroblasts. ppRb was underexpressed in fb-D versus fb-P (p = 0.069). Treatment with bFGF increased ppRb significantly in fb-D (p = 0.030) and in fb-P (p = 0.027) compared to untreated fibroblasts. No differences were observed in cyclin D1 with respect to basal levels in fb-P versus fb-D or in treated versus untreated groups. Venous ulcer fibroblasts show phenotypic similarity to senescent cells, with overexpression of p21 as well as down regulation of phosphorylated pRb. The aberrations seen in the cell cycle proteins in fb-D are similar to those seen in senescent cells; however, bFGF can modulate important cell cycle regulatory proteins, promoting a proliferative environment in fb-D that is not possible in a senescent cell. The role of bFGF may be useful in the clinical treatment of venous ulcer pathology.
|
['Adult', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cyclin D', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21', 'Cyclins', 'Female', 'Fibroblast Growth Factor 2', 'Fibroblasts', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Phosphorylation', 'Retinoblastoma Protein', 'Varicose Ulcer', 'Venous Insufficiency']
| 16,609,829
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.644.360.262.150', 'D12.776.167.218.150', 'D12.776.476.262.150'], ['D12.644.360.225.500', 'D12.776.157.687.250', 'D12.776.167.187.500', 'D12.776.476.225.500', 'D12.776.624.776.355.500', 'D12.776.660.720.250'], ['D12.644.360.262', 'D12.776.167.218', 'D12.776.476.262'], ['D12.644.276.624.120', 'D12.776.467.624.120', 'D23.529.624.120'], ['A11.329.228'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D12.776.260.704', 'D12.776.624.776.745', 'D12.776.660.807', 'D12.776.744.770'], ['C14.907.927.730', 'C17.800.893.592.730'], ['C14.907.952']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Non-electrolyte transport across renal proximal tubule cell membranes measured by tracer efflux and light scattering.
|
Non-electrolyte transport in brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV), basolateral membrane vesicles (BLMV) and in viable cells isolated from the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) of the rabbit kidney were measured by rapid filtration and stopped-flow light scattering techniques. Efflux of tracer solute was measured by loading packed vesicles or cells with 14C solute, diluting into nonradioactive buffer and filtering rapidly at varying incubation times. In BBMV at 23 degrees C, [14C-urea] decreased exponentially with time constant 3.2 +/- 0.3 s (S.D., n = 5) corresponding to a permeability coefficient (Purea) of 1.6 X 10(-6) cm/s, assuming a BBMV surface-to-volume ratio of 2 X 10(5) cm-1. Purea decreased to 7 X 10(-7) cm/s in the presence of 20 mM phenylurea. Tracer efflux determinations of BBMV Purea (1.6 X 10(-6) cm/s) and Pglycerol (0.6 X 10(-6) cm/s), and BLMV Purea (1.8 X 10(-6) cm/s) and Pthiourea (2.5 X 10(-6) cm/s) were in excellent agreement with Ps values determined by stopped-flow light scattering, where the time course of vesicle volume (linearly related to scattered light intensity) was measured in response to 100 mM outwardly directed solute gradients. These results establish accurate Ps value in brush border and basolateral membranes and support the application of light scattering to measure Ps in vesicles. In PCT cells however, there were systematic differences in urea and thiourea transport measured by tracer efflux and light scattering, indicating the potential difficulties in applying light scattering to Ps measurements in complex cell systems.
|
['Animals', 'Basement Membrane', 'Cell Membrane', 'Computer Simulation', 'Glycerol', 'Kidney Tubules, Proximal', 'Light', 'Mathematics', 'Microvilli', 'Rabbits', 'Scattering, Radiation', 'Thiourea']
| 3,110,738
|
[['B01.050'], ['A10.272.220', 'A10.615.179'], ['A11.284.149'], ['L01.224.160'], ['D02.033.800.875.500', 'D09.853.875.500'], ['A05.810.453.736.560.570'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['H01.548'], ['A11.284.180.565'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['E05.196.822', 'G01.867'], ['D02.065.950.898', 'D02.886.904']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Basic principles and "direct nerve" reconstruction in brachial plexus paralysis].
|
An exact knowledge of the complex anatomy of the brachial plexus is absolutely necessary to carry out this treatment. The most important diagnostic steps are: case history, examination, investigation of muscle function and sensitivity, myelo-CT, MRI, and neurophysiological investigations. The best time for operative revision is between the 6th week and the 3rd month. An individual therapy protocol must be established that includes a large spectrum of reconstructive options like nerve reconstructions, neurotizations, muscle and tendon transposition, muscle transplantation, arthrodesis, orthesis and others.
|
['Brachial Plexus', 'Humans', 'Microsurgery', 'Nerve Regeneration', 'Paralysis', 'Peripheral Nerves', 'Prognosis']
| 9,931,676
|
[['A08.800.800.720.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.494', 'E05.591.580'], ['G11.561.585', 'G16.762.611'], ['C10.597.622', 'C23.888.592.636'], ['A08.800.800'], ['E01.789']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[The specific features of coronary heart disease in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis].
|
The prevalence and some specific features of coronary heart disease (CHD) were studied in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Its prevalence was determined in relation to age, gender, and the type of a tuberculous process. ECG changes in ST segment and T wave were found in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis without concomitant CHD under intoxication. The diagnosis of CHD was established in 41 of 491 patients, which was 8.4%. CHD was more common in elderly and senile females. The clinical manifestation of CHD was observed in females of older age than in males; under the age of 60 years, the prevalence of CHD is less among the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and above the age of 60 years, it does not differ from that in the general population. CHD most commonly manifests clinical signs in patients with residual changes after experienced pulmonary tuberculosis and in cirrhotic tuberculosis, i.e. when the tuberculosis process is less active.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Ischemia', 'Tuberculosis, Pulmonary']
| 16,512,184
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647', 'C14.907.585'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.899', 'C01.748.939', 'C08.381.922', 'C08.730.939']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Operational dimensions of one multihospital system.
|
The pressing realities of health care delivery in the 1970s call for new solutions and fresh approaches to health care administration. The Lutheran Hospitals and Homes Society of America was founded to assist communities that were encountering difficulties in providing for the health care needs of their people. This article describes how the society meets these needs through a multihospital approach in which the "parent" organization totally operates its member facilities rather than fragmenting its services by allowing member units to utilize one or more of its services.
|
['Facility Design and Construction', 'Hospital Administration', 'Methods', 'Nursing Homes', 'Societies', 'United States']
| 964,964
|
[['J01.086.339', 'N02.278.200'], ['H02.309', 'N02.278.216.500', 'N04.452.442.452'], ['E05.581'], ['N02.278.825.610'], ['N03.540.828'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Response functions for computing absorbed dose to skeletal tissues from photon irradiation.
|
The calculation of absorbed dose in skeletal tissues at radiogenic risk has been a difficult problem because the relevant structures cannot be represented in conventional geometric terms nor can they be visualised in the tomographic image data used to define the computational models of the human body. The active marrow, the tissue of concern in leukaemia induction, is present within the spongiosa regions of trabecular bone, whereas the osteoprogenitor cells at risk for bone cancer induction are considered to be within the soft tissues adjacent to the mineral surfaces. The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) recommends averaging the absorbed energy over the active marrow within the spongiosa and over the soft tissues within 10 microm of the mineral surface for leukaemia and bone cancer induction, respectively. In its forthcoming recommendation, it is expected that the latter guidance will be changed to include soft tissues within 50 microm of the mineral surfaces. To address the computational problems, the skeleton of the proposed ICRP reference computational phantom has been subdivided to identify those voxels associated with cortical shell, spongiosa and the medullary cavity of the long bones. It is further proposed that the Monte Carlo calculations with these phantoms compute the energy deposition in the skeletal target tissues as the product of the particle fluence in the skeletal subdivisions and applicable fluence-to-dose-response functions. This paper outlines the development of such response functions for photons.
|
['Biological Assay', 'Bone and Bones', 'Computer Simulation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Linear Energy Transfer', 'Male', 'Models, Biological', 'Photons', 'Radiation Dosage', 'Relative Biological Effectiveness', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Species Specificity', 'Tissue Distribution', 'Whole-Body Counting']
| 18,192,667
|
[['E05.091'], ['A02.835.232', 'A10.165.265'], ['L01.224.160'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.154.240.400', 'G02.111.255.400', 'G02.216.400'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G01.249.705', 'G01.358.500.505.650.782', 'G01.590.540.782', 'G01.750.250.650.782', 'G01.750.770.578.782'], ['E05.799.513', 'G01.750.740', 'N06.850.810.250'], ['N06.850.810.250.275'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['G16.824'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949'], ['E05.799.950']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Acute myocardial infarction and coronary heart disease mortality among Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites in Texas, 1980 through 1989.
|
We calculated acute myocardial infarction and chronic coronary heart disease mortality rates for Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites in Texas for the 10-year period from 1980 through 1989 in an examination of ethnicity-related differences in death rates and trends according to vital statistics for the state of Texas. During the study period, acute myocardial infarction mortality decreased significantly in all four sex-ethnic groups, between 5.1% and 7.4% per year. Chronic coronary heart disease mortality rates decreased less, but significantly, for women in both ethnic groups, decreasing 3.4% and 1.8% per year for Mexican-American and non-Hispanic white women, respectively. We found no significant trend of changes in chronic coronary heart disease mortality rate among men in either ethnic group. For both acute myocardial infarction and chronic coronary heart disease mortality, rates were significantly lower among Mexican-American men than among non-Hispanic white men. Age-adjusted rate ratios for Mexican-American men in relation to non-Hispanic white men were 0.78 (95% CI: 0.65-0.93) and 0.75 (0.65-0.86) for acute myocardial infarction and chronic coronary heart disease mortality, respectively. No significant ethnicity-related mortality difference was seen among women. This previously observed interaction of ethnicity and sex in relation to coronary heart disease mortality remains unexplained. Despite apparently adverse cardiovascular risk factor profiles, Mexican Americans have acute myocardial infarction and chronic coronary heart disease mortality rates equal to or lower than their non-Hispanic white counterparts on the basis of death certificate data. This paradox deserves further attention.
|
['Chronic Disease', 'Coronary Disease', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mexican Americans', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Texas']
| 8,508,106
|
[['C23.550.291.500'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.686.754.441.500'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.750']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Regulation of hippocampal NMDA receptors by magnesium and glycine during development.
|
N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors play an important role in the development of neuronal connections in the retina and visual cortex, and in synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. The objective of this study was to determine whether the sensitivity of hippocampal NMDA receptors to magnesium, glycine or NMDA changes during development. Xenopus oocytes were injected with mRNA prepared from hippocampi from rats of different ages, and NMDA receptor properties studied under voltage clamp. Voltage-dependent block of the NMDA receptor by magnesium was studied with voltage steps of -90 mV to -30 mV, in increments of 10 mV, during application of 100 microM NMDA, 3 microM glycine and 0-1000 microM Mg2+. The IC50 of Mg2+ for blocking NMDA receptor-mediated currents varied e-fold (2.72-fold) for approximately every 15 mV of membrane potential in the middle range of membrane potential (-70 to -50 mV), but the relationship between log[IC50] for Mg2+ and membrane potential was not linear, as would be expected for simple channel block. The slopes of the curves did not change with development, indicating no change in the voltage-dependence of Mg2+ block with age. However, the IC50 of Mg2+ block did change with age at every membrane potential tested. NMDA receptors expressed from mRNA isolated from 14-15 day old rats were nearly 2-fold less sensitive to block by Mg2+ (IC50 = 33 microM at -60 mV) than those from 1-2 day old rats (IC50 = 18 microM).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Animals', 'Female', 'Glycine', 'Hippocampus', 'Magnesium', 'Microelectrodes', 'Oocytes', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate', 'Xenopus laevis']
| 1,661,812
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.125.481'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['D01.268.552.437', 'D01.268.557.500', 'D01.552.547.500'], ['E07.305.250.500'], ['A05.360.490.690.680', 'A11.497.497.600'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.500.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.400.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.610.500.562']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Acquisition of histologic diversity contributes to not only invasiveness but also lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer.
|
BACKGROUND: As more endoscopic resections are performed in early gastric cancer, the pretreatment prediction of lymph node metastasis (LNM) becomes more important. Some tumor characteristics including histologic type, invasion depth, ulceration, size, and lymphovascular invasion have been used to determine the endoscopic resectability of early gastric cancer; however, a more detailed analysis between clinicopathologic factors and lymph node metastasis is needed.METHODS: We analyzed the correlation between the clinicopathological findings and LNM with 310 cases of early gastric cancer by dividing invasion depths in detail.RESULTS: LNM occurred in 3.2% and 16.2% of the T1a and T1b tumors, respectively. LNM was associated with invasion depth (p=0.002) and lymphatic (p<0.001) and perineural (p=0.013) invasion. Among them, lymphatic invasion was the most powerful factor associated with LNM and significantly constant in T1a and T1b. The rate of LNM increased gradually as the tumor invaded deeper, and invasion of the muscularis mucosae layer was associated with an increased mixed adenocarcinoma incidence, suggesting that histologic diversity was associated with tumor invasiveness.CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that lymphatic invasion was the most important and powerful parameter for LNM in early gastric cancers. In addition, tumor invasiveness into the muscularis mucosae was accompanied by tumor histologic diversity.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Gastric Mucosa', 'Humans', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Stomach Neoplasms']
| 28,864,348
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A03.556.875.875.440', 'A10.615.550.291'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Frequency of tuberculosis in haematological malignancies and stem cell transplant recipients.
|
OBJECTIVE: To assess magnitude of tuberculosis (TB) in patients suffering from various haematological malignancies and stem cell transplant (SCT) recipients.DESIGN: Descriptive study.PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Oncology Department, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, and Armed Forces Bone Marrow Transplant Centre, Rawalpindi, from July 2001 to December 2002.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients suffering from various haematological malignancies treated between July 2001 and December 2002 were included in the study. The hospital records and out-patient follow-up charts were reviewed for demographic information, diagnosis, clinical presentation, laboratory investigations, radiological and pathological examinations, sites involved in TB, methods of diagnosis, number and type of anti-tuberculosis drugs given and response to treatment.RESULTS: During the study period a total of 213 (including 25 allogeneic stem cell transplant (SCT) recipients) patients with different haematological disorders were treated. Out of these, 34, including 4 SCT recipients developed tuberculosis. Overall frequency of TB was 16 %. Median age of TB patients was 33.5 years (range 8-80 years). Median time between diagnosis of haematological disorders and tuberculosis was 21 weeks. Sites of involvement by TB were lung (18), disseminated (6), lymph node (5), pleura (2), spine (2) and pericardium (1). Three of the patients died of TB; one undiagnosed, second with multi-drug resistant TB and the third soon after the start of anti-tuberculosis treatment while remaining 31 cases responded to anti-tuberculosis treatment.CONCLUSION: Tuberculosis is a major problem in immunocompromised patients and there is need to establish guidelines for TB chemoprophylaxis in our setup.
|
['Hematologic Neoplasms', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Humans', 'Immunocompromised Host', 'Opportunistic Infections', 'Pakistan', 'Tuberculosis']
| 15,670,521
|
[['C04.588.448', 'C15.378.400'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.470'], ['C01.597', 'C01.610.684', 'C01.925.597'], ['Z01.252.245.723'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Preferred parental method of post-operative tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy follow-up (phone call vs. clinic visit).
|
INTRODUCTION: Tonsillectomy is the second most common procedure performed in the United States. Over 530,000 tonsillectomies are performed on children under 15 years of age in the United States, accounting for 16% of surgeries in this age group, resulting in missed school for patients of school-age and also resulting in missed work for caregivers. This study compared parent preferences for in-clinic follow-up (CFU) to telephone interview follow-up (TFU) after tonsillectomy.MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred twenty-one parents of children who underwent a tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy were recruited to complete a survey about their child's post-operative visit.RESULTS: Statistical analyses were performed using t-test, Wilcoxon rank-sum, and Fischer's exact tests where appropriate. 60.3% of the surveys were completed as a TFU and the remainder were completed as a CFU. There were no statistical differences in the children's age, the time to follow-up, satisfaction with their follow-up, or the frequency of unresolved symptoms. Of parents receiving TFU, 91.8% disagreed they would have preferred a CFU, with 86.3% strongly disagreeing, and only 5.5% expressing that they would have preferred a CFU. Of the parents with CFU, 47.9% expressed a preference for a TFU. For CFU, 43.9% of parents missed work and 58.1% of their school-age children missed school.CONCLUSION: Our study results indicate that parents receiving phone follow-up strongly preferred this method to an in-clinic follow-up, and that nearly half of all parents receiving in-clinic follow-up would have preferred a telephone follow-up. In select patients, telephone follow-up after tonsillectomy may increase patient satisfaction and decrease days of missed work and school.
|
['Adenoidectomy', 'Adolescent', 'Ambulatory Care', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Parents', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Postoperative Care', 'Postoperative Period', 'Prospective Studies', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Telephone', 'Tonsillectomy']
| 28,012,526
|
[['E04.580.068'], ['M01.060.057'], ['E02.760.106', 'N02.421.585.106'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['E02.760.731.700', 'E04.604.500', 'N02.421.585.722.700'], ['E04.614.750', 'N02.421.585.753.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['L01.178.847.698'], ['E04.580.848']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Adenomatoid tumors of the female and male genital tract. A comparative clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis of 47 cases emphasizing their site-specific morphologic diversity.
|
Adenomatoid tumors (ATs) are uncommon benign mesothelial tumors with a predilection for the genital tract. We reviewed 47 ATs diagnosed at our institutions during 10-year period. Thirty tumors (64%) originated in the female (21 uterine, 8 tubal, and 1 ovarian) and 17 (36%) in the male (9 epididymal and 8 testicular) genital tract. The median age for females and males was 47.5 and 51 years, respectively. While 83% of tumors in females were incidental findings in resections for unrelated diseases, 94% of male lesions presented as clinical masses leading to surgery. The median size was 2, 1, and 0.5 cm for uterine, epididymo-testicular, and tubo-ovarian lesions, respectively. Architecturally, the microcystic/angiomatoid pattern was the most frequent (32/47; 68%), followed by combined microcystic/trabecular (26/47; 55%) and retiform/adenoid (15/47; 32%) pattern. The trabecular/solid (6%) and macrocystic (4%) patterns were uncommon. However, 57% of cases revealed ?2 growth patterns. Taken by anatomic site, 20 of 21 uterine cases were at least focally microcystic but none was retiform. In contrast, the retiform pattern dominated in male genital tract tumors (12/17; 71%). Immunohistochemistry showed expression of calretinin (36/36) and D2-40 (30/30) and lack of CD34 (0/30) and PAX8 (0/32). GLUT-1 was expressed in 11/11 male genital tract tumors but in none of the microcystic uterine lesions. Estrogen and progesterone receptor expression was weak and focal (two and three uterine cases, respectively). None stained for the androgen receptor. Our study illustrates the great site-specific morphological diversity of ATs emphasizing their wide site-dependent differential diagnosis.
|
['Adenomatoid Tumor', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Calbindin 2', 'Epididymis', 'Female', 'Glucose Transporter Type 1', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'S100 Calcium Binding Protein G', 'Testicular Neoplasms', 'Uterine Neoplasms']
| 21,337,036
|
[['C04.557.470.035.200', 'C04.557.470.660.200'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.075', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.075', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.284'], ['D23.101.140'], ['D12.776.157.125.090.249'], ['A05.360.444.371'], ['D12.776.157.530.500.500.500', 'D12.776.157.530.937.563.500', 'D12.776.543.585.500.500.500', 'D12.776.543.585.937.625.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['D12.776.157.125.090.500', 'D12.776.157.125.750.750'], ['C04.588.322.762', 'C04.588.945.440.915', 'C12.294.260.937', 'C12.758.409.937', 'C19.344.762', 'C19.391.829.782'], ['C04.588.945.418.948', 'C13.351.500.852.762', 'C13.351.937.418.875']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Radiofrequency ablation-assisted liver resection: a step toward bloodless liver resection.
|
BACKGROUND: Liver resection is currently the most efficient curative approach for a wide variety of liver tumors. The application of modern techniques and new surgical devices has improved operative outcomes. Radiofrequency ablation is used more often for liver parenchymal transection. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation-assisted liver resection.METHODS: A retrospective study of 145 consecutive patients who underwent radiofrequency ablation-assisted liver resection was performed. Intraoperative blood loss, need for transfusion or intraoperative Pringle maneuver, the duration of liver parenchymal transection, perioperative complications, and postoperative morbidity and mortality were all evaluated.RESULTS: Fifty minor and ninety-five major liver resections were performed. The mean intraoperative blood loss was 251 mL, with a transfusion rate of 11.7%. The Pringle maneuver was necessary in 12 patients (8.3%). The mean duration for parenchymal transection was 51.75 minutes. There were 47 patients (32.4%) with postoperative complications. There is no mortality within 30 days after surgery.CONCLUSIONS: Radiofrequency ablation-assisted liver resection permits both major and minor liver resections with minimal blood loss and without occlusion of hepatic inflow. Furthermore it decreases the need for blood transfusion and reduces morbidity and mortality.
|
['Aged', 'Blood Loss, Surgical', 'Blood Transfusion', 'Catheter Ablation', 'Female', 'Hepatectomy', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Operative Time', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 25,655,293
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.414.300', 'C23.550.505.300'], ['E02.095.135'], ['E02.808.750.500', 'E04.014.760.500'], ['E04.210.556'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.614.374.500', 'N02.421.585.753.374.500'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Peak Torque Differences between Vegetarian and Omnivore Endurance Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study.
|
In spite of well-documented health benefits of vegetarian diets, less is known regarding the effects of these diets on athletic performance. In this cross-sectional study, we compared elite vegetarian and omnivore adult endurance athletes for maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) and strength. Twenty-seven vegetarian (VEG) and 43 omnivore (OMN) athletes were evaluated using VO2 max testing on the treadmill, and strength assessment using a dynamometer to determine peak torque for leg extensions. Dietary data were assessed using detailed seven-day food logs. Although total protein intake was lower among vegetarians in comparison to omnivores, protein intake as a function of body mass did not differ by group (1.2 ± 0.3 and 1.4 ± 0.5 g/kg body mass for VEG and OMN respectively, p = 0.220). VO2 max differed for females by diet group (53.0 ± 6.9 and 47.1 ± 8.6 mL/kg/min for VEG and OMN respectively, p < 0.05) but not for males (62.6 ± 15.4 and 55.7 ± 8.4 mL/kg/min respectively). Peak torque did not differ significantly between diet groups. Results from this study indicate that vegetarian endurance athletes' cardiorespiratory fitness was greater than that for their omnivorous counterparts, but that peak torque did not differ between diet groups. These data suggest that vegetarian diets do not compromise performance outcomes and may facilitate aerobic capacity in athletes.
|
['Adult', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Diet, Vegetarian', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Physical Endurance', 'Physical Fitness', 'Sports', 'Vegetarians']
| 27,854,281
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E02.642.249.300', 'G07.203.650.240.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G11.427.680', 'I03.450.642.845.054.600'], ['G11.427.685', 'I03.450.642.845.054.800', 'N01.400.545'], ['I03.450.642.845'], ['M01.928']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Long-term expression of a reporter gene from latent herpes simplex virus in the rat hippocampus.
|
A problem in utilizing herpes simplex virus (HSV) as a vector for expression of foreign genes in CNS neurons has been the inability to facilitate long-term expression of the engineered genes. Previously, we showed that the murine moloney leukemia virus LTR would drive beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) transcription for extended periods from the latent viral genome in sensory, but not motor neurons. In this communication we further evaluate the utility of the LTR promoter for use in long-term expression vectors. Following stereotactic injection of 8117/43 (an ICP4 minus, non-replicating virus with the LTR driving the beta-gal gene, or KD6 (an ICP4 minus non-replicating virus not expressing beta-gal) into the hippocampus of rats, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of viral DNA after 2 months indicated that latent infections were established. Assaying by both x-gal staining and reverse transcriptase PCR we demonstrate that (1) beta-gal can be detected for at least 6 months in hippocampal neurons, and (2) although the number of beta-gal transcripts in these cells drops considerably by 2 weeks, they can be detected during the period studied. These studies indicate that the LTR promoter is active and affords long-term expression in the CNS, albeit at comparatively low levels compared to those observed at acute times.
|
['Animals', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Viral', 'Genes, Reporter', 'Hippocampus', 'Histocytochemistry', 'In Situ Hybridization', 'Male', 'Neurons', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Simplexvirus', 'Time Factors', 'Virus Latency', 'beta-Galactosidase']
| 7,476,033
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['G05.308.320'], ['G05.308.385'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325', 'E05.393.661.475'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['B04.280.382.100.750'], ['G01.910.857'], ['G06.920.900'], ['D08.811.277.450.410.100']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Fiber bundle endomicroscopy with multi-illumination for three-dimensional reflectance image reconstruction.
|
Bundled fiber optics allow in vivo imaging at deep sites in a body. The intrinsic optical contrast detects detailed structures in blood vessels and organs. We developed a bundled-fiber-coupled endomicroscope, enabling stereoscopic three-dimensional (3-D) reflectance imaging with a multipositional illumination scheme. Two illumination sites were attached to obtain reflectance images with left and right illumination. Depth was estimated by the horizontal disparity between the two images under alternative illuminations and was calibrated by the targets with known depths. This depth reconstruction was applied to an animal model to obtain the 3-D structure of blood vessels of the cerebral cortex (Cereb cortex) and preputial gland (Pre gla). The 3-D endomicroscope could be instrumental to microlevel reflectance imaging, improving the precision in subjective depth perception, spatial orientation, and identification of anatomical structures.
|
['Animals', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Endoscopy', 'Equipment Design', 'Fiber Optic Technology', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Mice', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence']
| 29,453,847
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['E01.370.388.250', 'E04.502.250'], ['E05.320'], ['H01.671.617.249'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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