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Phosphorylation of eIF4E by MNKs supports protein synthesis, cell cycle progression and proliferation in prostate cancer cells.
|
Deregulation of the phosphatidyl inositol trisphosphate kinase/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/MNK pathways frequently occurs in human prostate carcinomas (PCas) and leads to aberrant modulation of messenger RNA (mRNA) translation. We have investigated the relative contribution of these pathways to translational regulation and proliferation of PCa cells. MNK-dependent phosphorylation of eIF4E is elevated in DU145 cells, which have low basal levels of AKT/mTOR activity due to the expression of the tumor suppressor PTEN. In contrast, eIF4E phosphorylation is low in PC3 and LNCaP cells with mutated PTEN and constitutively active AKT/mTOR pathway, but it can be strongly induced through inhibition of mTOR activity by rapamycin or serum depletion. Remarkably, we found that inhibition of MNKs strongly reduced the polysomal recruitment of terminal oligopyrimidine messenger RNAs (TOP mRNAs), which are known targets of mTOR-dependent translational control. Pull-down assays of the eIF4F complex indicated that translation initiation was differently affected by inhibition of MNKs and mTOR. In addition, concomitant treatment with MNK inhibitor and rapamycin exerted additive effects on polysomal recruitment of TOP mRNAs and protein synthesis. The MNK inhibitor was more effective than rapamycin in blocking proliferation of PTEN-expressing cells, whereas combination of the two inhibitors suppressed cell cycle progression in both cell lines. Microarray analysis showed that MNK affected translation of mRNAs involved in cell cycle progression. Thus, our results indicate that a balance between the activity of the AKT/mTOR and the MAPK/MNK pathway in PCa cells maintains a defined translational level of specific mRNAs required for ribosome biogenesis, cell proliferation and stress response and might confer to these cells the ability to overcome negative insults.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphatases', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cation Transport Proteins', 'Cell Cycle', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Copper-Transporting ATPases', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Phosphorylation', 'Polyribosomes', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Protein Array Analysis', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'Protein Kinases', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Signal Transduction', 'Sirolimus', 'TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases']
| 18,809,972
|
[['D08.811.277.040.025'], ['D23.101.140'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.250', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250'], ['G04.144'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.314.500', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.578.750', 'D12.776.157.530.813.500', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.578.750', 'D12.776.543.585.813.500'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['D12.776.157.725.750.374', 'D12.776.835.725.868.500.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567', 'D12.644.360.450', 'D12.776.476.450'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811.740'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['E05.588.570.700', 'E05.601.680'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.755', 'D12.776.476.565', 'D12.776.624.664.700.168'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D02.540.505.760'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.931', 'D12.776.476.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Temporal variations of skin pigmentation in C57BL/6 mice affect optical bioluminescence quantitation.
|
PURPOSE: Depilation-induced skin pigmentation in C57Bl/6 mice is a known occurrence, and presents a unique problem for quantitative optical imaging of small animals, especially for bioluminescence. The work reported here quantitatively investigated the optical attenuation of bioluminescent light due to melanin pigmentation in the skin of transgenic C57Bl/6 mice, modified such that luciferase expression is under the transcription control of a physiologically and pharmacologically inducible gene.PROCEDURE: Both in vivo and ex vivo experiments were performed to track bioluminescence signal attenuation through different stages of the mouse hair growth cycle. Simultaneous reflectance measurements were collected in vivo to estimate melanin levels.RESULTS: Biological variability of skin pigmentation was found to dramatically affect collected bioluminescent signal emerging through the skin of the mice. When compared to signal through skin with no pigmentation, the signal through highly pigmented skin was attenuated an average of 90%. Positive correlation was found between reflectance measurements and bioluminescence signal loss. A correction scheme is proposed based on this correlation, but signal variation due to non-melanin scattering and absorption sources introduce significant errors. Advanced spectral reflectance analysis will be necessary to develop a more reliable correction method in the future.CONCLUSION: Skin pigmentation is a significant variable in bioluminescent imaging, and should be considered in experimental design and implementation for longitudinal studies, and especially when sensitivity to small signal changes, or differences among animals, is required.
|
['Animals', 'Female', 'Hair Removal', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Luminescent Measurements', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Optics and Photonics', 'Phantoms, Imaging', 'Sex Characteristics', 'Skin', 'Skin Pigmentation', 'Spectrum Analysis', 'Time Factors']
| 20,960,234
|
[['B01.050'], ['E02.218.372'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['E05.196.712.516'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['H01.671.617', 'J01.293.688'], ['E07.671'], ['G08.686.815'], ['A17.815'], ['E01.370.600.115.450.500', 'E01.370.600.620.750', 'G07.100.175.500', 'G13.750.837', 'G16.690.890'], ['E05.196.867'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Integrative cognitive-behavioral and spiritual counseling for rural dementia caregivers with depression.
|
OBJECTIVE: Discuss initial evaluation of a program for training faith community nurses (FCNs) to conduct cognitive-behavioral and spiritual counseling (CBSC) for rural dementia caregivers (CGs), and present 2 case studies on the use of CBSC for treating depression in this population.STUDY DESIGN: Pre-post evaluation of the effectiveness of CBSC training and a case study analysis of the effectiveness of CBSC on CG problem improvement and depression.OUTCOME MEASURES: For FCN training, we used the FCN Counseling Comfort Scale, FCN Counseling Efficacy Scale, and the FCN Counseling Workshop Satisfaction Survey. The Problem Severity Scale and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale were used in the case studies.RESULTS: Significant post-training increases in FCN counseling comfort and perceived counseling efficacy were obtained. Case study findings provided evidence of substantial improvement in caregiving problems and reductions in depression.CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary outcomes of FCN training and CBSC for dementia CGs were promising. However, replication across the sample is required to evaluate the overall effectiveness of CBSC for reducing CG depression. Specific competencies and ethical considerations in supervising this form of intervention are also addressed.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Alzheimer Disease', 'Caregivers', 'Cognitive Behavioral Therapy', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Communication', 'Community Health Nursing', 'Cost of Illness', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Inservice Training', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pastoral Care', 'Religion and Psychology', 'Rural Population', 'Self-Help Groups', 'Specialties, Nursing', 'Spirituality']
| 19,929,127
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['M01.085', 'M01.526.485.200', 'N02.360.200'], ['F04.754.137.350'], ['E02.186'], ['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['H02.478.676.150', 'N02.421.143.150'], ['N03.219.151.165', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.182', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.046'], ['F03.600.300'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I02.574'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F02.784.176.560', 'F02.880.410'], ['F02.880', 'K01.844.664'], ['N01.600.725'], ['N03.540.782'], ['H02.478.676'], ['F02.880.705', 'K01.844.664.500']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Kinevac (sincalide for injection)/Squibb Diagnostics.
|
Sincalide is a rapid-acting, synthetic analog of cholecystokinin for intravenous use in postevacuation cholecystography. Serious reactions to sincalide have not been reported. The intravenous administration of sincalide causes a prompt contraction of the gallbladder as compared to the stimulus of a fatty meal which causes progressive contraction that becomes maximal in about 40 minutes. The use of Kinevac to accelerate the transit time through the small bowel decreases the time and extent of radiation associated with fluoroscopy and length of the x-ray examination of the intestinal tract. Duodenal aspiration obtained after the administration of Kinevac provides a sample of concentrated bile for analysis of cholesterol, bile salts, phospholipids and crystals. When used in conjunction with secretin to stimulate pancreatic secretion, an aspirate is readily obtained for analysis of enzyme activity, composition and cytology. As the development of endoscopic manometry affords a modality to measure and record sphincter of Oddi pressures, the paradoxical responses noted to the intravenous administration of CCK during manometric evaluation supports the diagnostic value of Kinevac used as a provocative agent in the evaluation of biliary dyskinesia.
|
['Cholecystography', 'Humans', 'Sincalide']
| 1,932,168
|
[['E01.370.350.700.715.210', 'E01.370.372.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D06.472.317.152.700', 'D12.644.120.500']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Ultra-short echo time spectroscopic imaging in rats: implications for monitoring lipids in glioma gene therapy.
|
We demonstrate the feasibility of using ultra-short echo time (TE = 2 ms) magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) to detect intracranial mobile lipids in the rat brain. High-performance outer volume suppression and pre-localization were demonstrated in phantoms and by the total absence of signals arising from extra-cranial lipids in MRSI spectra from control rats. The sequence performance was tested on glioma-bearing BDIX rats. Fast-relaxing lipid signals were spatially varied within a glioma during herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase-mediated gene therapy, demonstrating the potential application of this method.
|
['Animals', 'Glioma', 'Lipids', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Time Factors']
| 16,523,527
|
[['B01.050'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380', 'C04.557.470.670.380', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380'], ['D10'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Modeling clinical outcome using multiple correlated functional biomarkers: A Bayesian approach.
|
In some biomedical studies, biomarkers are measured repeatedly along some spatial structure or over time and are subject to measurement error. In these studies, it is often of interest to evaluate associations between a clinical endpoint and these biomarkers (also known as functional biomarkers). There are potentially two levels of correlation in such data, namely, between repeated measurements of a biomarker from the same subject and between multiple biomarkers from the same subject; none of the existing methods accounts for correlation between multiple functional biomarkers. We propose a Bayesian approach to model a clinical outcome of interest (e.g. risk for colorectal cancer) in the presence of multiple functional biomarkers while accounting for potential correlation. Our simulations show that the proposed approach achieves good performance in finite samples under various settings. In the presence of substantial or moderate correlation, the proposed approach outperforms an existing approach that does not account for correlation. The proposed approach is applied to a study of biomarkers of risk for colorectal neoplasms and our results show that the risk for colorectal cancer is associated with two functional biomarkers, APC and TGF-á, in particular, with their values in the region between the proliferating and differentiating zones of colorectal crypts.
|
['Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein', 'Bayes Theorem', 'Biomarkers', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Research Design', 'Risk', 'Transforming Growth Factor alpha']
| 23,070,593
|
[['D05.500.117.249', 'D12.776.220.040', 'D12.776.476.081.249', 'D12.776.624.776.010'], ['E05.318.740.600.200', 'N05.715.360.750.625.150', 'N06.850.520.830.600.200'], ['D23.101'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.581.500', 'H01.770.644.728'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['D12.644.276.382.750', 'D12.644.276.963.360', 'D12.776.467.382.750', 'D12.776.467.960.360', 'D23.529.382.750', 'D23.529.960.360']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Gas chromatographic determination of cyprodinil, fludioxonil, pyrimethanil, and tebuconazole in grapes, must, and wine.
|
A rapid and simple gas chromatographic method for determinating cyprodinil, fludioxonil, pyrimethanil, and tebuconazole in grapes, must, and wine is described. An on-line microextraction method was used with a one-step extraction-partition procedure. Nitrogen-phosphorus and mass spectrometric detectors were used, because of their low sensitivity and high selectivity. Because of high selectivity of detector, no cleanup was necessary and the extract was concentrated 5 times. Recoveries from fortified grapes, must, and wine ranged from 93 to 110%. Limits of determination were 0.05 mg/kg for cyprodinil and pyrimethanil and 0.10 mg/kg for fludioxonil and tebuconazole.
|
['Chromatography, Gas', 'Dioxoles', 'Food Analysis', 'Fruit', 'Fungicides, Industrial', 'Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry', 'Nitrogen', 'Pesticide Residues', 'Phosphorus', 'Pyrimidines', 'Pyrroles', 'Reference Standards', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Triazoles', 'Wine']
| 9,241,848
|
[['E05.196.181.349'], ['D03.383.246'], ['E05.362', 'J01.576.423.850.100'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['D27.720.031.700.288', 'D27.888.723.288'], ['E05.196.181.349.500', 'E05.196.566.500'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['D27.720.031.700.672', 'D27.888.723.697', 'N06.850.460.200.700'], ['D01.268.666'], ['D03.383.742'], ['D03.383.129.578'], ['E05.978.808'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['D03.383.129.799'], ['G07.203.100.100.900', 'G07.203.200.887', 'J02.200.100.900', 'J02.350.887']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The value of the captopril test and the effect of captopril on renal function.
|
We have investigated the use of captopril as a screening test for renovascular hypertension and compared the effects of captopril on renal function in patients with renovascular hypertension and those without renovascular hypertension. The captopril test and kidney gamma scintigraphy were carried out in 50 hypertensive patients, 13 with renovascular hypertension and 37 without. Blood samples were drawn for the determination of plasma renin activity and kidney gamma scintigraphy was done before and 60 minutes after 50 mg oral captopril administration. Results suggesting the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension are the following: a basal and stimulated plasma renin activity of 4 ng ml/hr or more and an absolute increase in plasma renin activity of 3 ng/ml/hr or more if basal plasma renin activity was less than 4 ng/ml/hr. Data from kidney gamma scintigraphy showed that captopril causes a decrease in clearance rate at 20 minutes in patients with renovascular hypertension but not in patients without renovascular hypertension. We conclude that the captopril test can be used to screen for renovascular hypertension, but catopril may impair the renovascular hypertensive patient's renal function.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Pressure', 'Captopril', 'Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Renovascular', 'Kidney', 'Radioisotope Renography', 'Renin']
| 2,187,090
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['D12.125.072.401.623.270'], ['E01.370.390.400.300', 'G08.852.357'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.331.490', 'C13.351.968.419.331.490', 'C14.907.489.631.485'], ['A05.810.453'], ['E01.370.350.710.715.700', 'E01.370.384.730.715.700', 'E01.370.390.400.700'], ['D08.811.277.656.074.500.780', 'D08.811.277.656.300.048.780', 'D08.811.277.656.837.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Intakes of nutrients and nutritional status in coeliac patients.
|
BACKGROUND: The intake of nutrients and the nutritional status of untreated coeliac patients and coeliac patients in remission were investigated at Kuopio University Hospital.METHODS: Forty untreated and 52 coeliac patients in remission were admitted to the study. The control group included 77 persons. Four-day food records, anthropometric measurements, and blood biochemistry were examined to obtain nutrient intake and nutritional status.RESULTS: Concentrations of serum ferritin, vitamin B12, and erythrocyte folate were lower in patients with untreated coeliac disease than in those in remission. Altogether, 15-38% of the untreated patients but only 0-20% of the patients in remission had levels of haemoglobin, serum ferritin, iron, vitamin B12, or erythrocyte folate below the reference values. No difference in anthropometric measurements was found between the two groups of coeliac patients.CONCLUSIONS: Except for some subclinical abnormal values in biochemical analyses in 20-38% of coeliac patients, nutritional status was quite normal in both groups of coeliac patients.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Anthropometry', 'Blood Chemical Analysis', 'Celiac Disease', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Diet', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nutritional Status', 'Prognosis']
| 7,569,766
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.600.024', 'E05.041', 'N06.850.505.200.100'], ['E01.370.225.124.100', 'E05.200.124.100'], ['C06.405.469.637.250', 'C18.452.603.250'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G07.203.650.650', 'N01.224.425.525'], ['E01.789']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
PD-PK evaluation of freeze-dried atorvastatin calcium-loaded poly-å-caprolactone nanoparticles.
|
In this work lyophilized poly-å-caprolactone nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with atorvastatin calcium (AC) were developed in an attempt to improve the in-vivo performance of AC following oral administration. The individual and combined effects of several formulation variables were previously investigated using step-wise full factorial designs in order to produce optimized AC-NPs with predetermined characteristics including particle size, drug loading capacity, drug release profile and physical stability. Four optimized formulations were further subjected in this work to lyophilization to promote their long-term physical stability and were fully characterized. The pharmacodynamics (PD)/pharmacokinetics (PK) properties of two optimized freeze-dried AC-NPs formulations showing acceptable long-term stability were determined and compared to a marketed AC immediate release tablet (Lipitor(®)) in albino rats. PD results revealed that the two tested formulations were equally effective in reducing low density lipoproteins (LDL) and triglycerides (TG) levels when given in reduced doses compared to Lipitor(®) and showed no adverse effects. PK results, on the other hand, revealed that the two freeze-dried AC-NPs formulations were of significantly lower bioavailability compared to Lipitor(®). Taken together the PD and PK results demonstrate that the improved efficacy obtained at reduced doses from the freeze-dried AC-NPs could be due to increased concentration of AC in the liver rather than in the plasma.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Animals', 'Anticholesteremic Agents', 'Atorvastatin', 'Cholesterol', 'Delayed-Action Preparations', 'Drug Liberation', 'Freeze Drying', 'Male', 'Nanoparticles', 'Particle Size', 'Polyesters', 'Rats', 'Triglycerides']
| 27,021,467
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.186.071.202', 'D27.505.954.557.500.202'], ['D03.383.129.578.075', 'D10.251.450.200'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['D26.255.210', 'E02.319.300.253'], ['G02.211', 'G03.787.321', 'G07.690.725.321'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160.260', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160.260', 'E02.792.156.260', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160.260', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160.260', 'E05.760.156.260'], ['J01.637.512.600'], ['G02.712'], ['D05.750.728', 'D25.720.728', 'J01.637.051.720.728'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D10.351.801']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Stereological measures of trabecular bone structure: comparison of 3D micro computed tomography with 2D histological sections in human proximal tibial bone biopsies.
|
Stereology applied on histological sections is the 'gold standard' for obtaining quantitative information on cancellous bone structure. Recent advances in micro computed tomography (microCT) have made it possible to acquire three-dimensional (3D) data non-destructively. However, before the 3D methods can be used as a substitute for the current 'gold standard' they have to be verified against the existing standard. The aim of this study was to compare bone structural measures obtained from 3D microCT data sets with those obtained by stereology performed on conventional histological sections using human tibial bone biopsies. Furthermore, this study forms the first step in introducing the proximal tibia as a potential bone examination location by peripheral quantitative CT and CT. Twenty-nine trabecular bone biopsies were obtained from autopsy material at the medial side of the proximal tibial metaphysis. The biopsies were embedded in methylmetacrylate before microCT scanning in a Scanco microCT 40 scanner at a resolution of 20 x 20 x 20 microm3, and the 3D data sets were analysed with a computer program. After microCT scanning, 16 sections were cut from the central 2 mm of each biopsy and analysed with a computerized method. Trabecular bone volume (BV/TV) and connectivity density (CD) were estimated in both modalities, whereas trabecular bone pattern factor (TBPf) was estimated on the histological sections only. Trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), number (Tb.N) and separation (Tb.Sp), and structure model index (SMI) were estimated with the microCT method only. Excellent correlations were found between the two techniques for BV/TV (r = 0.95) and CD (r = 0.95). Additionally, an excellent relationship (r = 0.95) was ascertained between TBPf and SMI. The study revealed high correlations between measures of bone structure obtained from conventional 2D sections and 3D microCT data. This indicates that 3D microCT data sets can be used as a substitute for conventional histological sections for bone structural evaluations.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Anatomy, Cross-Sectional', 'Biopsy', 'Bone Density', 'Bone and Bones', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Male', 'Microscopy', 'Middle Aged', 'Tibia', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 15,857,378
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['H01.158.100.185'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['G11.427.100'], ['A02.835.232', 'A10.165.265'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['E01.370.350.515', 'E05.595', 'H01.671.617.562'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.883'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Low-light image enhancement of high-speed endoscopic videos using a convolutional neural network.
|
Laryngeal endoscopy is one of the primary diagnostic tools for laryngeal disorders. The main techniques are videostroboscopy and lately high-speed video endoscopy. Unfortunately, due to the restricting anatomy of the larynx and technical limitations of the recording equipment, many videos suffer from insufficient illumination, which complicates clinical examination and analysis. This work presents an approach to enhance low-light images from high-speed video endoscopy using a convolutional neural network. We introduce a new technique to generate realistically darkened training samples using Perlin noise. Extensive data augmentation is employed to cope with the limited training data allowing training with just 55 videos. The approach is compared against four state-of-the-art low-light enhancement methods and statistically significantly outperforms each on a no-reference (NIQE) and two full-reference (PSNR, SSIM) image quality metrics. The presented approach can be run on consumer-grade hardware and is thereby directly applicable in a clinical context. It is likely transferable to similar techniques such as videostroboscopy. Graphical Abstract The basic setup for training and employing an improved fully convolutional U-Net neural network to predict a brightness map used to enhance the lighting of ill-lit endoscopic high-speed videos - Artificially darkened training data are created using Perlin noise to allow region-specific darkening.
|
['Deep Learning', 'Humans', 'Image Enhancement', 'Laryngoscopy', 'Neural Networks, Computer', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Video Recording']
| 30,900,057
|
[['G17.035.250.500.250', 'G17.485.500', 'L01.224.050.375.530.250', 'L01.224.050.375.605.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['E01.370.386.460', 'E01.370.388.250.525', 'E04.502.250.525', 'E04.580.373'], ['G17.485', 'L01.224.050.375.605'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['L01.280.960']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Batroxase, a new metalloproteinase from B. atrox snake venom with strong fibrinolytic activity.
|
The structures and functional activities of metalloproteinases from snake venoms have been widely studied because of the importance of these molecules in envenomation. Batroxase, which is a metalloproteinase isolated from Bothrops atrox (Par?) snake venom, was obtained by gel filtration and anion exchange chromatography. The enzyme is a single protein chain composed of 202 amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 22.9 kDa, as determined by mass spectrometry analysis, showing an isoelectric point of 7.5. The primary sequence analysis indicates that the proteinase contains a zinc ligand motif (HELGHNLGISH) and a sequence C₁₆₄ I₁₆₅M₁₆₆ motif that is associated with a "Met-turn" structure. The protein lacks N-glycosylation sites and contains seven half cystine residues, six of which are conserved as pairs to form disulfide bridges. The three-dimensional structure of Batroxase was modeled based on the crystal structure of BmooMPá-I from Bothrops moojeni. The model revealed that the zinc binding site has a high structural similarity to the binding site of other metalloproteinases. Batroxase presented weak hemorrhagic activity, with a MHD of 10 ìg, and was able to hydrolyze extracellular matrix components, such as type IV collagen and fibronectin. The toxin cleaves both á and â-chains of the fibrinogen molecule, and it can be inhibited by EDTA, EGTA and â-mercaptoethanol. Batroxase was able to dissolve fibrin clots independently of plasminogen activation. These results demonstrate that Batroxase is a zinc-dependent hemorrhagic metalloproteinase with fibrin(ogen)olytic and thrombolytic activity.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Bothrops', 'Crotalid Venoms', 'Fibrinolysis', 'Isoelectric Point', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Metalloproteases', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid']
| 22,483,847
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.833.672.125.937.240.375'], ['D20.888.850.960.200', 'D23.946.833.850.960.200'], ['G09.188.390.150.390'], ['E05.301.300.663.500', 'G02.300.500'], ['E05.196.566'], ['D08.811.277.656.675'], ['E05.599.595'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[High-dose carboplatin superselective intraarterial chemotherapy in advanced head and neck cancer].
|
Advances in vascular radiology techniques for superselective transfemoral arterial infusion prompted us to evaluate the effects of high-dose rapid regional carboplatin infusion for patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Twenty untreated patients received three infusions of carboplatin (300-350 mg/m2) every 2 weeks with this method. All the infusions were performed without any complication. Treatment was well tolerated, with moderate (Grade 1-3 WHO) local toxicity (stomatitis, dermatitis and alopecia) and minimal (Grade 1-2 WHO) myelosuppression. The total response index (complete response plus partial response) was 94% for primary tumors and 50% for neck metastases. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy employing superselective rapid infusion of high-dose carboplatin is a feasible, relatively nontoxic, effective technique and may have important applications in multimodality therapy of untreated patients with advanced head and neck cancer.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Carboplatin', 'Chemotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Injections, Intravenous', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mouth', 'Mouth Neoplasms', 'Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms', 'Nasopharynx', 'Oropharyngeal Neoplasms', 'Oropharynx', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 8,984,837
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['D02.257.125'], ['E02.186.170', 'E02.319.170'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.082.750', 'E02.319.267.530.540'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A01.456.505.631', 'A03.556.500', 'A14.549'], ['C04.588.443.591', 'C07.465.530'], ['C04.588.443.665.710.650', 'C07.550.350.650', 'C07.550.745.650', 'C09.647.710.650', 'C09.775.350.650', 'C09.775.549.650'], ['A04.623.557', 'A14.724.557'], ['C04.588.443.665.710.684', 'C07.550.745.671', 'C09.647.710.685', 'C09.775.549.685'], ['A04.623.603', 'A14.724.603'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Vulvodynia - Diagnostics and Management Strategies].
|
Vulvodynia - Diagnostics and Management Strategies Abstract. Vulvodynia is characterized by chronic, idiopathic vulvar pain lasting for at least three months. After exclusion of other, specific diseases associated with vulvar pain, which can be treated accordingly, realistic therapy goals for this chronic disease should be defined. The therapy concept is multimodal, interdisciplinary as well as individualized and includes the combination of general recommendations with physiotherapeutic and psychotherapeutic measures. Pharmacological therapy, which is indispensable, is carried out off-label and includes the topical and/or systemic use of various substances and substance combinations. Surgical measures may be regarded as a possible option, especially in women with therapy-resistant and provocable vulvodynia. Alternative therapy options such as acupuncture, hypnosis and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation are also worth investigating.
|
['Female', 'Humans', 'Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation', 'Vulvodynia']
| 31,387,503
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.331.800', 'E02.779.468.800', 'E02.831.535.468.800', 'E03.091.823'], ['C13.351.500.944.951']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects and moderators of exercise on muscle strength, muscle function and aerobic fitness in patients with cancer: a meta-analysis of individual patient data.
|
OBJECTIVE: To optimally target exercise interventions for patients with cancer, it is important to identify which patients benefit from which interventions.DESIGN: We conducted an individual patient data meta-analysis to investigate demographic, clinical, intervention-related and exercise-related moderators of exercise intervention effects on physical fitness in patients with cancer.DATA SOURCES: We identified relevant studies via systematic searches in electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO and CINAHL).ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: We analysed data from 28 randomised controlled trials investigating the effects of exercise on upper body muscle strength (UBMS) and lower body muscle strength (LBMS), lower body muscle function (LBMF) and aerobic fitness in adult patients with cancer.RESULTS: Exercise significantly improved UBMS (â=0.20, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.14 to 0.26), LBMS (â=0.29, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.35), LBMF (â=0.16, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.24) and aerobic fitness (â=0.28, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.34), with larger effects for supervised interventions. Exercise effects on UBMS were larger during treatment, when supervised interventions included ?3 sessions per week, when resistance exercises were included and when session duration was >60 min. Exercise effects on LBMS were larger for patients who were living alone, for supervised interventions including resistance exercise and when session duration was >60 min. Exercise effects on aerobic fitness were larger for younger patients and when supervised interventions included aerobic exercise.CONCLUSION: Exercise interventions during and following cancer treatment had small effects on UBMS, LBMS, LBMF and aerobic fitness. Demographic, intervention-related and exercise-related characteristics including age, marital status, intervention timing, delivery mode and frequency and type and time of exercise sessions moderated the exercise effect on UBMS, LBMS and aerobic fitness.
|
['Exercise Therapy', 'Humans', 'Muscle Strength', 'Muscular Diseases', 'Neoplasms', 'Physical Fitness', 'Quality of Life']
| 30,181,323
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.387', 'E02.779.483', 'E02.831.535.483'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.600.425', 'G11.427.560'], ['C05.651', 'C10.668.491'], ['C04'], ['G11.427.685', 'I03.450.642.845.054.800', 'N01.400.545'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[A case of squamous cell lung cancer in a nonsmoking female, successfully treated with docetaxel and cisplatin].
|
A 62-year-old nonsmoking female was admitted to our hospital in May, 1998 complaining of marked cough accompanied by repeated hemosputa. Chest X-ray and CT examinations revealed a large tumor, located adjacent to a cystic lesion in the left lower lung field, in association with a clearly recognizable swelling of the ipsilateral hilar as well as the mediastinal lymph nodes. Sputum cytology after bronchofiberscopy led to the diagnosis that the patient suffered from squamous cell lung cancer of Stage IIIA with bulky N2 (T2N2M0). Chemotherapy was selected as the most reasonable treatment for this patient. The new chemotherapeutic agent docetaxel (60 mg/m2) in combination with cisplatin (CDDP: 80 mg/m2) was tried, resulting in a remarkable reduction in tumor size by 60% after the initial course of chemotherapy was completed, which fulfilled the definition of a partial response (PR). Furthermore, after 4 courses of the chemotherapy, the hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy had conspicuously abated and only scar tissue was visible at the site where the lung cancer was thought to have originally developed. We herein report a case in which squamous cell lung cancer sprouted in a nonsmoking female, who was successfully treated by the combined chemotherapy of docetaxel and CDDP. The present case may suggest the efficacy of newly developed docetaxel in treating non-small cell lung cancer.
|
['Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Cisplatin', 'Docetaxel', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Middle Aged', 'Paclitaxel', 'Smoking', 'Taxoids']
| 10,660,748
|
[['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['D01.210.375', 'D01.625.125', 'D01.710.100'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888.389', 'D02.455.849.291.850.389'], ['E02.319.283'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888.777', 'D02.455.849.291.850.777'], ['F01.145.805'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888', 'D02.455.849.291.850']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Subunit organization of the membrane-bound HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein trimer.
|
The trimeric human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein (Env) spike is a molecular machine that mediates virus entry into host cells and is the sole target for virus-neutralizing antibodies. The mature Env spike results from cleavage of a trimeric glycoprotein precursor, gp160, into three gp120 and three gp41 subunits. Here, we describe an ~11-? cryo-EM structure of the trimeric HIV-1 Env precursor in its unliganded state. The three gp120 and three gp41 subunits form a cage-like structure with an interior void surrounding the trimer axis. Interprotomer contacts are limited to the gp41 transmembrane region, the torus-like gp41 ectodomain and a trimer-association domain of gp120 composed of the V1, V2 and V3 variable regions. The cage-like architecture, which is unique among characterized viral envelope proteins, restricts antibody access, reflecting requirements imposed by HIV-1 persistence in the host.
|
['Cell Line', 'Cryoelectron Microscopy', 'HIV Envelope Protein gp120', 'HIV Envelope Protein gp160', 'HIV Envelope Protein gp41', 'HIV Infections', 'HIV-1', 'Humans', 'Models, Molecular', 'Protein Conformation', 'Protein Multimerization', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Protein Subunits']
| 22,864,288
|
[['A11.251.210'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.150', 'E05.595.402.150'], ['D12.776.964.775.325.164.249', 'D12.776.964.775.562.500.500', 'D12.776.964.970.880.325.164.249', 'D23.050.327.520.350'], ['D12.776.964.775.325.164.374', 'D12.776.964.775.562.500.750', 'D12.776.964.970.880.325.164.374'], ['D12.776.543.512.500.330', 'D12.776.964.775.325.164.200', 'D12.776.964.775.562.500.200', 'D12.776.964.970.880.325.164.200', 'D12.776.964.970.880.910.330', 'D23.050.327.520.330'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['G02.111.694'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D12.776.813']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Factors affecting anterior knee pain following anatomic double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
|
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of anterior knee pain in anatomic double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and to identify critical factors affecting postoperative anterior knee pain development.METHODS: Subjects comprised 171 patients (171 knees) who underwent anatomic double-bundle ACL reconstruction with a follow-up period of ?2 years. The procedure used bone-patellar tendon-bone plus gracilis tendon (BTB-G) in 56 knees, semitendinosus tendon (ST) in 71 knees, and ST-G in 44 knees. Clinical results and prevalence and severity of anterior knee pain were assessed at 3 months and 2 years postoperatively. Clinical variables influencing anterior knee pain development at each postoperative period were subjected to univariate analysis, followed by logistic regression analysis to identify risk factors for anterior knee pain.RESULTS: Overall prevalences of anterior knee pain at 3 months and 2 years postoperatively were 42.0 and 11.1%, respectively. Use of BTB-G graft represented the highest prevalence of anterior knee pain between the 3 different grafts (P = 0.001); however, this statistical significance disappeared at 2 years postoperatively. Prevalence of postoperative extension deficit was significantly higher in anterior knee pain-positive cohort than in anterior knee pain-negative cohort at 3 months postoperatively. Level of quadriceps strength was significantly lower, and Lysholm score was significantly worse in anterior knee pain-positive cohort than in anterior knee pain-negative cohort at 2 years postoperatively. According to logistic regression analysis, knee extension deficit was a predisposing factor for the development of anterior knee pain at 3 months postoperatively (odds ratio, 2.76; P = 0.004); however, there was no significant predisposing factor for anterior knee pain at 2 years postoperatively.CONCLUSIONS: Knee extension deficit was an important predisposing factor for postoperative anterior knee pain in the early postoperative period, and anterior knee pain was associated with impaired quadriceps function and inferior subjective results over 2 years postoperatively. Early recovery of full extension may prevent postoperative development of anterior knee pain and achieve successful outcomes for ACL reconstruction.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Retrospective comparative study, Level III.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anterior Cruciate Ligament', 'Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction', 'Arthralgia', 'Arthroscopy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Knee Joint', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pain, Postoperative', 'Prevalence', 'Risk Factors', 'Young Adult']
| 22,057,356
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A02.513.514.100', 'A02.835.583.512.100', 'A10.165.669.514.100'], ['E04.555.110.026', 'E04.680.101.026'], ['C05.550.091', 'C23.888.592.612.094', 'F02.830.816.444.350', 'G11.561.790.444.350'], ['E01.370.388.250.070', 'E04.502.250.070', 'E04.555.113'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767.700', 'C23.888.592.612.832'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The effect of intravenous iloprost on pulmonary artery hypertension after paediatric congenital heart surgery.
|
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of intravenous iloprost on pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) in infants undergoing congenital heart surgery.METHODS: In this prospective, randomized study, the study group (n = 15) received a continuous infusion of iloprost (2.0 ng/kg/min) that was delivered immediately after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass and continued for 72 h postoperatively. Patients in the control group (n = 12) were managed conventionally. The groups were compared in terms of postoperative data, including systolic and mean pulmonary artery (PA) pressures, PA/systemic pressure ratio, lactate level, PAH crisis, ventilation time, reintubation and lengths of intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stay. Transthoracic echocardiography was used to assess PA pressures at 1 day, 7 days and 30 days after surgery.RESULTS: No mortality occurred. PAH crisis occurred in 2 (16.6%) patients in the control group and 4 (26.7%) patients in the study group (P = 0.53). Postoperative PA pressures and PA/systemic pressure ratios were similar between the groups (P > 0.05). The durations of ICU (P = 0.40) and hospital (P = 0.98) stays were similar between the groups. Echocardiographic studies demonstrated a significant decrease in postoperative PA pressures in the control (P = 0.001) and study (P = 0.0001) groups. However, no significant change was observed between the groups (P > 0.05). The Tukey multiple comparison test showed a significant decrease in PA pressures at each follow-up in both groups (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Intravenous iloprost demonstrated no additional benefit over the conventional management of infants with PAH after repair of intracardiac defects. Clinicians may prefer other alternative agents in infants with a high risk of PAH crisis.
|
['Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Heart Defects, Congenital', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Pulmonary', 'Iloprost', 'Infant', 'Infusions, Intravenous', 'Male', 'Postoperative Care', 'Prospective Studies', 'Pulmonary Wedge Pressure', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vasodilator Agents']
| 26,604,214
|
[['E04.100.376', 'E04.928.220'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['C14.240.400', 'C14.280.400', 'C16.131.240.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381.423', 'C14.907.489.556'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.775.125', 'D23.469.050.175.725.775.125', 'D23.469.700.275'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E02.319.267.082.500', 'E02.319.267.510.590'], ['E02.760.731.700', 'E04.604.500', 'N02.421.585.722.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['G09.330.380.076.695'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['D27.505.954.411.918']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Differential expression of voltage-sensitive K+ and Ca2+ currents in neurons of the honeybee olfactory pathway.
|
In order to understand the neuronal processes underlying olfactory learning, biophysical properties such as ion channel activity need to be analysed within neurons of the olfactory pathway. This study analyses voltage-sensitive ionic currents of cultured antennal lobe projection neurons and mushroom body Kenyon cells in the brain of the honeybee Apis mellifera. Rhodamine-labelled neurons were identified in vitro prior to recording, and whole-cell K(+) and Ca(2+) currents were measured. All neurons expressed transient and sustained outward K(+) currents, but Kenyon cells expressed higher relative amounts of transient A-type K(+) (I(K,A)) currents than sustained delayed rectifier K(+) current (I(K,V)). The current density of the I(K,V) was significantly higher in projection neurons than in Kenyon cells. The voltage-dependency of K(+) currents at positive membrane potentials was linear in Kenyon cells, but N-shaped in projection neurons. Blocking of voltage-sensitive Ca(2+) currents transformed the N-shaped voltage-dependency into a linear one, indicating activation of calcium-dependent K(+) currents (I(K,Ca)). The densities of currents through voltage-sensitive Ca(2+) channels did not differ between the two neuron classes and the voltage-dependency of current activation was similar. Projection neurons thus express higher calcium-dependent K(+) currents. These analyses revealed that the various neurons of the honeybee olfactory pathway in vitro have different current phenotypes, which may reflect functional differences between the neuron types in vivo.
|
['Animals', 'Bees', 'Calcium', 'Calcium Channels', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Ion Transport', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Olfactory Pathways', 'Olfactory Receptor Neurons', 'Potassium', 'Potassium Channels']
| 12,456,702
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.875.387'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.150', 'D12.776.543.550.450.150', 'D12.776.543.585.400.150'], ['E05.481'], ['G03.143.500'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['A08.186.211.180.699', 'A08.612.220.640'], ['A04.531.520.573.580', 'A04.760.600.640.640', 'A08.675.650.915.500.540', 'A08.800.950.500.540', 'A09.531.623.580', 'A10.615.550.760.600.640.640', 'A11.671.650.915.500.540'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The Impact of Maturity Stage on Cell Membrane Integrity and Enzymatic Browning Reactions in High Pressure Processed Peaches (Prunus persica).
|
Fruit maturity is an important factor associated with final product quality, and it may have an effect on the level of browning in peaches that are high pressure processed (HPP). Peaches from three different maturities, as determined by firmness (M1 = 50-55 N, M2 = 35-40 N, and M3 = 15-20 N), were subjected to pressure levels at 0.1, 200, and 400 MPa for 10 min. The damage from HPP treatment results in loss of fruit integrity and the development of browning during storage. Increasing pressure levels of HPP treatment resulted in greater damage, particularly in the more mature peaches, as determined by shifts in transverse relaxation time (T2) of the vacuolar component and by light microscopy. The discoloration of peach slices of different maturities processed at the same pressure was comparable, indicating that the effect of pressure level is greater than that of maturity in the development of browning.
|
['Catechol Oxidase', 'Cell Membrane', 'Food Handling', 'Food Preservation', 'Fruit', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Maillard Reaction', 'Phenols', 'Plant Proteins', 'Pressure', 'Prunus persica']
| 27,556,337
|
[['D08.811.682.690.708.125'], ['A11.284.149'], ['J01.576.423.200'], ['J01.576.423.850.700'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['G02.607.522'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['D12.776.765'], ['G01.374.715'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.937.500.625.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
What induces pocket openings on protein surface patches involved in protein-protein interactions?
|
We previously showed for the proteins BCL-X(L), IL-2, and MDM2 that transient pockets at their protein-protein binding interfaces can be identified by applying the PASS algorithm to molecular dynamics (MD) snapshots. We now investigated which aspects of the natural conformational dynamics of proteins induce the formation of such pockets. The pocket detection protocol was applied to three different conformational ensembles for the same proteins that were extracted from MD simulations of the inhibitor bound crystal conformation in water and the free crystal/NMR structure in water and in methanol. Additional MD simulations studied the impact of backbone mobility. The more efficient CONCOORD or normal mode analysis (NMA) techniques gave significantly smaller pockets than MD simulations, whereas tCONCOORD generated pockets comparable to those observed in MD simulations for two of the three systems. Our findings emphasize the influence of solvent polarity and backbone rearrangements on the formation of pockets on protein surfaces and should be helpful in future generation of transient pockets as putative ligand binding sites at protein-protein interfaces.
|
['Algorithms', 'Binding Sites', 'Computer Simulation', 'Interleukin-2', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Protein Binding', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2', 'bcl-X Protein']
| 18,777,159
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['L01.224.160'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.021', 'D12.644.276.374.480.372', 'D12.776.467.374.465.021', 'D12.776.467.374.480.372', 'D23.529.374.465.155', 'D23.529.374.480.372'], ['E05.599'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D08.811.464.938.750.562', 'D12.776.624.664.700.185', 'D12.776.660.764'], ['D12.644.360.075.718.937', 'D12.776.476.075.718.875']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of drinking water and total sodium intake on blood pressure.
|
A cohort of 295 persons from a rural area of Michigan were studied to determine if a relationship exists between high levels of sodium in drinking water and blood pressure. Sodium in drinking water, dietary sodium intake, blood pressure, sodium excretion, height, and weight were measured. No significant relationships between daily mean sodium dietary intake, drinking water sodium, or sodium index (amount of drinking water sodium related to diet sodium intake), and mean blood pressure levels were found. A statistically significant relationship was found between 24-h urine sodium excretion and mean blood pressure for adults age greater than or equal to 18 yr (r = 0.239) and children age less than 18 yr (r = 0.359) and dietary intake and mean diastolic blood pressure in children only (r = 0.471). Furthermore, levels of sodium in drinking water were not related to blood pressure levels or presence of hypertension.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Blood Pressure', 'Child', 'Diastole', 'Diet', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Male', 'Michigan', 'Middle Aged', 'Sodium', 'Systole', 'Water Softening', 'Water Supply']
| 7,081,127
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['M01.060.406'], ['G09.330.580.295', 'G11.427.494.554.250', 'G11.427.494.570.295'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.500', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['G09.330.580.880', 'G11.427.494.570.880'], ['N06.850.860.510.910'], ['J01.293.821.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Azidotyrosylcalmodulin derivatives. Specific probes for protein-binding domains.
|
Azidocalmodulin has been shown to be a useful probe for calmodulin-binding proteins in a variety of systems (Andreasen, T. J., Keller, C. H. LaPorte, D. C., Edelman, A. M., and Storm, D. R. (1981) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 78, 2782-2785). In previous work, this calmodulin derivative was generated by the modification of lysyl residues. We report here that, on the basis of tryptic peptide mapping by reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography, azidolysylcalmodulin prepared by these procedures is modified at 4 of the 7 lysines. We also report the preparation of azidocalmodulins in which the photolabile moiety is incorporated into a single known residue of the molecule by modifying one or the other of the two tyrosyl side chains. This yields azido-Tyr 99-calmodulin, with the photoaffinity label in Ca2+-binding loop III, and azido-Tyr 138-calmodulin, with the photoaffinity label in Ca2+-binding loop IV. The cross-linking characteristics of these two calmodulin derivatives show that the formation of a covalent adduct upon photolysis of a mixture of azidocalmodulin and a target protein is dependent on the location of the nitrene generated by the irradiation. Azido-Tyr 138-calmodulin shows a significant decrease in cross-linking efficiency to targets such as troponin I, troponin T, and myosin light-chain kinase, relative to azido-Tyr 99-calmodulin and the azidolysyl derivatives.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Animals', 'Azides', 'Brain', 'Calmodulin', 'Calmodulin-Binding Proteins', 'Cattle', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Indicators and Reagents', 'Phosphoprotein Phosphatases', 'Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases', 'Photolysis', 'Protein Binding', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 6,096,370
|
[['D12.125'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.625.100', 'D02.159'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D12.644.360.372.249', 'D12.776.157.125.412.249', 'D12.776.476.387.249'], ['D12.776.157.142'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D27.720.470.410'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.625'], ['D08.811.277.352.640'], ['G02.740.685'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Therapeutic hypothermia influences cell genesis and survival in the rat hippocampus following global ischemia.
|
Delayed hypothermia salvages CA1 neurons from global ischemic injury. However, the effects of this potent neuroprotectant on endogenous repair mechanisms, such as neurogenesis, have not been clearly examined. In this study, we quantified and phenotyped newly generated cells within the hippocampus following untreated and hypothermia-treated ischemia. We first show that CA1 pyramidal neurons did not spontaneously regenerate after ischemia. We then compared the level of neuroprotection when hypothermia was initiated either during or after ischemia. Treatment efficacy decreased with longer delays, but hypothermia delayed for up to 12 hours was neuroprotective. Although bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation was elevated in ischemic groups, CA1 neurogenesis did not occur as the BrdU label did not colocalize with neuronal nuclei (NeuN) in any of the groups. Instead, the majority of BrdU-labeled cells were Iba-positive microglia, and neuroprotective hypothermia decreased the delayed generation of microglia during the third postischemic week. Conversely, hypothermia delayed for 12 hours significantly increased the survival of newly generated dentate granule cells at 4 weeks after ischemia. Thus, our findings show that CA1 neurogenesis does not contribute to hypothermic neuroprotection. Importantly, we also show that prolonged hypothermia positively interacts with postischemic repair processes, such as neurogenesis, resulting in improved functional outcome.
|
['Animals', 'Brain Ischemia', 'CA1 Region, Hippocampal', 'Cell Survival', 'Hippocampus', 'Hypothermia, Induced', 'Neurogenesis', 'Neurons', 'Rats', 'Time Factors']
| 21,364,603
|
[['B01.050'], ['C10.228.140.300.150', 'C14.907.253.092'], ['A08.186.211.180.405.099', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345.099'], ['G04.346'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['E02.258.750'], ['G04.152.912', 'G07.345.500.325.377.687', 'G08.686.784.170.450.500', 'G11.561.620'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Production of antibodies to recombinant antigens from Lucilia cuprina following cutaneous immunisation of sheep.
|
Immunological control of cutaneous myiasis of sheep caused by Lucilia cuprina larvae has been an elusive goal. Antibody to antigens derived from the peritrophic membrane can stunt or kill larvae in a dose dependent fashion. Thus efficacy of vaccines employing these antigens may be limited by the amount of antibody in skin available for ingestion by larvae. The potential for elevating antibody concentrations in skin by intradermal immunisation with the recombinant peritrophic membrane antigens peritrophin-44, peritrophin-48 and peritrophin-95 was therefore examined. Using within-animal comparisons, specific antibody was significantly higher in skin transudates from locally immunised sites than from adjacent adjuvant control sites. It was concluded that cutaneous immunisation may assist immunological control of blowfly larvae.
|
['Animals', 'Antibody Formation', 'Antigens', 'Diptera', 'Female', 'Immunization', 'Insect Proteins', 'Myiasis', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Sheep', 'Sheep Diseases', 'Skin']
| 11,836,035
|
[['B01.050'], ['G12.450.050.370.250'], ['D23.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750'], ['E02.095.465.425.400', 'E05.478.550', 'N02.421.726.758.310', 'N06.850.780.200.425', 'N06.850.780.680.310'], ['D12.776.093.500'], ['C01.610.858.211.503'], ['D12.776.828'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['C22.836'], ['A17.815']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Trajectory Space: A Dual Representation for Nonrigid Structure from Motion.
|
Existing approaches to nonrigid structure from motion assume that the instantaneous 3D shape of a deforming object is a linear combination of basis shapes. These bases are object dependent and therefore have to be estimated anew for each video sequence. In contrast, we propose a dual approach to describe the evolving 3D structure in trajectory space by a linear combination of basis trajectories. We describe the dual relationship between the two approaches, showing that they both have equal power for representing 3D structure. We further show that the temporal smoothness in 3D trajectories alone can be used for recovering nonrigid structure from a moving camera. The principal advantage of expressing deforming 3D structure in trajectory space is that we can define an object independent basis. This results in a significant reduction in unknowns and corresponding stability in estimation. We propose the use of the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) as the object independent basis and empirically demonstrate that it approaches Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for natural motions. We report the performance of the proposed method, quantitatively using motion capture data, and qualitatively on several video sequences exhibiting nonrigid motions, including piecewise rigid motion, partially nonrigid motion (such as a facial expressions), and highly nonrigid motion (such as a person walking or dancing).
|
['Algorithms', 'Computer Simulation', 'Humans', 'Image Enhancement', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Models, Biological', 'Movement', 'Pattern Recognition, Automated', 'Photography', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Subtraction Technique', 'Whole Body Imaging']
| 21,079,275
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['L01.224.160'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['L01.399.750'], ['E01.370.350.600', 'E05.712'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['L01.224.800'], ['E01.370.350.760'], ['E01.370.350.925', 'E05.979']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Ten questions on venous thromboembolism].
|
Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Based on new evidence, the management and treatment of VTE have changed over the years. For several decades, low molecular weight heparin and vitamin K antagonists have been the two cornerstones of anticoagulant therapy for VTE. Recently, the introduction in clinical practice of the new oral anticoagulants has radically changed the management of VTE for their easy use and their better efficacy and safety profile. Here, we report on recent evidence of 10 still controversial clinical questions concerning common diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of VTE.
|
['Anticoagulants', 'Humans', 'Pulmonary Embolism', 'Venous Thromboembolism', 'Venous Thrombosis', 'Vitamin K']
| 31,697,267
|
[['D27.505.954.502.119'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381.746', 'C14.907.355.350.700'], ['C14.907.355.590.700'], ['C14.907.355.830.925'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.721.374', 'D02.455.849.291.523.500', 'D04.615.638.721.374']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
LAP, an alcohol acetaldehyde dehydrogenase enzyme in Listeria, promotes bacterial adhesion to enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells only in pathogenic species.
|
Listeria adhesion protein (LAP), an alcohol acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (lmo1634), interacts with host-cell receptor Hsp60 to promote bacterial adhesion during the intestinal phase of Listeria monocytogenes infection. The LAP homologue is present in pathogens (L. monocytogenes, L. ivanovii) and non-pathogens (L. innocua, L. welshimeri, L. seeligeri); however, its role in non-pathogens is unknown. Sequence analysis revealed 98 % amino acid similarity in LAP from all Listeria species. The N-terminus contains acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and the C-terminus an alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). Recombinant LAP from L. monocytogenes, L. ivanovii, L. innocua and L. welshimeri exhibited ALDH and ADH activities, and displayed strong binding affinity (K(D) 2-31 nM) towards Hsp60. Flow cytometry, ELISA and immunoelectron microscopy revealed more surface-associated LAP in pathogens than non-pathogens. Pathogens exhibited significantly higher adhesion (P<0.05) to Caco-2 cells than non-pathogens; however, pretreatment of bacteria with Hsp60 caused 47-92 % reduction in adhesion only in pathogens. These data suggest that biochemical properties of LAP from pathogenic Listeria are similar to those of the protein from non-pathogens in many respects, such as substrate specificity, immunogenicity, and binding affinity to Hsp60. However, protein fractionation analysis of extracts from pathogenic and non-pathogenic Listeria species revealed that LAP was greatly reduced in intracellular and cell-surface protein fractions, and undetectable in the extracellular milieu of non-pathogens even though the lap transcript levels were similar for both. Furthermore, a LAP preparation from L. monocytogenes restored adhesion in a lap mutant (KB208) of L. monocytogenes but not in L. innocua, indicating possible lack of surface reassociation of LAP molecules in this bacterium. Taken together, these data suggest that LAP expression level, cell-surface localization, secretion and reassociation are responsible for LAP-mediated pathogenicity and possibly evolved to adapt to a parasitic life cycle in the host.
|
['Adhesins, Bacterial', 'Alcohol Dehydrogenase', 'Aldehyde Oxidoreductases', 'Bacterial Adhesion', 'Caco-2 Cells', 'Enterocytes', 'Humans', 'Listeria', 'Listeria monocytogenes', 'Listeriosis']
| 20,507,888
|
[['D12.776.097.120.050', 'D12.776.543.100.050', 'D23.050.161.050'], ['D08.811.682.047.820.250'], ['D08.811.682.657.163'], ['G06.099.050'], ['A11.251.210.190.160', 'A11.251.860.180.160', 'A11.436.140'], ['A03.556.124.369.290', 'A10.615.550.444.290', 'A11.436.290'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B03.353.500.500', 'B03.510.100.500', 'B03.510.460.400.410.485'], ['B03.353.500.500.500', 'B03.510.100.500.500', 'B03.510.460.400.410.485.500'], ['C01.150.252.410.514']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A Bilateral Comparison of the Underlying Mechanics Contributing to the Seated Single-Arm Shot-Put Functional Performance Test.
|
CONTEXT: Functional performance tests (FPTs) are tools used to assess dynamic muscle strength and power. In contrast to the lower extremity, fewer FPTs are available for the upper extremity. The seated single-arm shot put test has the potential to fill the void in upper extremity FPTs; however, the underlying mechanics have not been examined and, therefore, the validity of bilateral comparisons is unknown.OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of upper extremity dominance and medicine-ball mass on the underlying mechanics of the seated single-arm shot put.DESIGN: Crossover study.SETTING: Biomechanics laboratory.PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: Fifteen women (age = 23.6 ± 2.1 years, height = 1.65 ± .07 m, mass = 68.1 ± 11.7 kg) and 15 men (age = 24.3 ± 4.0 years, height = 1.80 ± 0.06 m, mass = 88.1 ± 16.4 kg), all healthy and physically active.INTERVENTION(S): Seated single-arm shot-put trials using the dominant and nondominant limbs were completed using three 0.114-m-diameter medicine-ball loads (1 kg, 2 kg, 3 kg).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Customized touch-sensitive gloves, synchronized with kinematic data of the hands, signaled ball release, so that release height, release angle, and peak anterior and vertical velocity could be quantified for each trial. In addition, the horizontal range from release to first floor impact was recorded.RESULTS: The dominant-limb horizontal ranges were 7% to 11% greater ( P < .001) than for the nondominant limb for each of the 3 ball masses. No bilateral release-height or -angle differences were revealed ( P ? .063). Release velocities were 7.6% greater for the dominant limb than the nondominant limb ( P = .001).CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the use of the seated single-arm shot put test as a way to compare bilateral upper extremity functional performance. The near-identical release heights and angles between the dominant and nondominant limbs support the interpretation of measured bilateral horizontal-range differences as reflecting underlying strength and power differences.
|
['Adult', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Exercise Test', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Muscle Strength', 'Physical Functional Performance', 'Upper Extremity', 'Young Adult']
| 30,299,159
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.600.425', 'G11.427.560'], ['N01.400.545.750'], ['A01.378.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Outpatient termination of pregnancy: halothane or alfentanil-supplemented anaesthesia.
|
Inhalation anaesthesia with halothane was compared with i.v. alfentanil in 66 unpremedicated patients undergoing suction termination of pregnancy as outpatients. Blood loss was significantly greater in the halothane group with a mean loss of 213 ml, compared with a mean loss of 89.8 ml in the alfentanil group. There was a greater frequency of nausea and vomiting in the alfentanil group, but no reduction in abdominal pain or need for analgesia after operation. Positive relationships were found between blood loss and duration of anaesthesia and between blood loss and gestational age in the halothane group, but not in the alfentanil group. We conclude that alfentanil-supplemented anaesthesia is satisfactory for suction termination of pregnancy when rapid recovery is required or the duration of the procedure is likely to be long, but that halothane anaesthesia cannot be recommended, especially if the procedure is long.
|
['Abortion, Induced', 'Adjuvants, Anesthesia', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Alfentanil', 'Ambulatory Surgical Procedures', 'Anesthesia Recovery Period', 'Anesthesia, General', 'Anesthesia, Obstetrical', 'Female', 'Fentanyl', 'Halothane', 'Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Intraoperative Complications', 'Intraoperative Period', 'Pregnancy']
| 3,936,528
|
[['E04.520.050'], ['D27.505.954.427.010'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D03.383.621.265.100'], ['E04.030'], ['E03.160', 'E04.614.750.055', 'N02.421.585.753.750.055'], ['E03.155.197'], ['E03.155.364'], ['D03.383.621.265'], ['D02.455.526.340'], ['C23.550.414'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.505'], ['E04.614.374', 'N02.421.585.753.374'], ['G08.686.784.769']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Lignans-rich extract from Herpetospermum caudigerum alleviate physical fatigue in mice.
|
OBJECTIVE: To ascertain anti-fatigue constituents and mechanisms of Herpetospermum caudigerum.METHODS: The 80% ethanol extracts of Herpetospermum caudigerum were partitioned with chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol, respectively. Male Kunming mice were divided into 13 groups with 16 mice in each group: a control group fed with water, 9 groups treated with 3 fractions of Herpetospermum caudigerum (chloroform fraction, ethyl acetate fraction and n-butanol fraction) at dose of 80, 160 and 320 mg/kg for the low-dose group, medium-dose group and high-dose group, 3 herpetrione (HPE) treated groups fed with HPE at dose of 15, 30, and 60 mg/kg for the low-dose group, medium-dose group and high-dose group. All animals were treated once per day for 30 days. Anti-fatigue activity was assessed through the forced swimming test and serum biochemical parameters including blood lactic acid (BLA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), malondialdehyde (MDA), hepatic glycogen (HG), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) determined following the recommended procedures provided by the commercial kits.RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the lignans extract (ethyl acetate fraction) of Herpetospermum caudigerum and HPE could signifificantly prolonged the exhaustive swimming time (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and also increased the HG levels (P<0.05 or P<0.01) and the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPx and LDH, P<0.05 or P<0.01); BLA and MDA levels were decreased considerably in lignans extract and HPE treated groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01). HPE also could significantly decrease the BUN contents compared with the control group (P<0.05). The chloroform and n-butanol fraction showed no effect on swimming time and biochemical parameters.CONCLUSIONS: The lignans extract had antifatigue activities and HPE may be partly responsible for the anti-fatigue effects of Herpetospermum caudigerum. The possible mechanisms of anti-fatigue activity were related to the decrease of BUN and BLA, the increase of the HG storage and protecting corpuscular membrane by preventing lipid oxidation via modifying several enzyme activities.
|
['Animals', 'Body Weight', 'Cucurbitaceae', 'Fatigue', 'Glycogen', 'Lignans', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Plant Extracts', 'Swimming', 'Time Factors']
| 27,783,320
|
[['B01.050'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.300'], ['C23.888.369'], ['D05.750.078.562.388', 'D09.698.365.388'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.140.450'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['G11.427.410.568.800', 'G11.427.410.698.277.875', 'I03.350.875', 'I03.450.642.845.945.500'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Performance status 1 predicts psychological response in female, but not male, ambulatory cancer patients.
|
This study aimed to identify gender differences in the impact of performance status (PS) 1, that is, of physically mild impairment, on psychological distress and coping in ambulatory cancer patients. The subjects were 260 male and 242 female cancer outpatients who participated in a structured interview and completed the Profile of Mood States and the Mental Adjustment to Cancer scale. Multivariate analyses controlling for confounding biomedical and psychosocial variables revealed a significant impact of PS 1 on helplessness/hopelessness and a trend toward an impact on fighting spirit in women alone, whereas a trend was observed in regard to psychological distress in both genders. The results of this study suggest that PS 1 may be a risk factor for negative ways of coping in female, but not male, cancer outpatients.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Neoplasms', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Sex Factors']
| 12,690,547
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['F01.058'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['C04'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
An immersed boundary lattice Boltzmann approach to simulate deformable liquid capsules and its application to microscopic blood flows.
|
In this paper, we develop an immersed boundary lattice Boltzmann approach to simulate deformable capsules in flows. The lattice Boltzmann method is utilized to solve the incompressible flow field over a regular Eulerian grid, while the immersed boundary method is employed to incorporate the fluid-membrane interaction with a Lagrangian representation of the capsule membrane. This algorithm was validated for the Laplace relationship, the dispersion relationship for interfacial waves and the drag coefficient for cylinders; excellent agreement with theoretical results was observed. Furthermore, simulations of single and multiple red blood cells in shear and channel flows were performed. Several characteristic hemodynamic and hemorheological features were successfully reproduced, including the tank-treading motions, cell migration from the vessel wall, slipper-shaped cell deformation, cell-free layers, blunt velocity profiles and the Fahraeus effect. These simulations therefore demonstrate the potential usefulness of this computational model for microscopic biofluidic systems. However, extension of this algorithm to three-dimensional situations is necessary for more realistic simulations.
|
['Algorithms', 'Biophysics', 'Computer Graphics', 'Computer Simulation', 'Membranes', 'Microfluidics', 'Models, Statistical', 'Numerical Analysis, Computer-Assisted', 'Pressure', 'Rheology', 'Software', 'Viscosity']
| 18,185,006
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['H01.158.344', 'H01.671.100'], ['L01.224.108', 'L01.296.110'], ['L01.224.160'], ['A10.615'], ['E05.830.666', 'H01.671.808.500', 'J01.897.520.500.500'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['L01.224.680.700'], ['G01.374.715'], ['E05.830', 'H01.671.808'], ['L01.224.900'], ['G02.930']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Vitamin D receptor expression is associated with improved overall survival in human glioblastoma multiforme.
|
Vitamin D and its analogs have been shown to display anti-proliferative effects in a wide variety of cancer types including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). These anticancer effects are mediated by its active metabolite, 1á, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol) acting mainly through vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling. In addition to its involvement in calcitriol action, VDR has also been demonstrated to be useful as a prognostic factor for some types of cancer. However, to our knowledge, there are no studies evaluating the expression of VDR protein and its association with outcome in gliomas. Therefore, we investigated VDR expression by using immunohistochemical analysis in human glioma tissue microarrays, and analyzed the association between VDR expression and clinico-pathological parameters. We further investigated the effects of genetic and pharmacologic modulation of VDR on survival and migration of glioma cell lines. Our data demonstrate that VDR is increased in tumor tissues when compared with VDR in non-malignant brains, and that VDR expression is associated with an improved outcome in patients with GBM. We also show that both genetic and pharmacologic modulation of VDR modulates GBM cellular migration and survival and that VDR is necessary for calcitriol-mediated effects on migration. Altogether these results provide some limited evidence supporting a role for VDR in glioma progression.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Calcitriol', 'Calcium Channel Agonists', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Survival', 'Cyclin D1', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Glioblastoma', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Oncogene Proteins', 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'Receptors, Calcitriol', 'Sex Factors', 'Time Factors', 'Tissue Array Analysis']
| 24,584,679
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.159.478.387.300', 'D04.210.500.247.808.146.478.387.300', 'D04.210.500.812.768.196.478.387.300', 'D10.570.938.146.478.387.300'], ['D27.505.519.562.124', 'D27.505.696.260.250', 'D27.505.954.411.793.205'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.346'], ['D12.644.360.262.150.100', 'D12.776.167.218.150.100', 'D12.776.476.262.150.100', 'D12.776.624.664.700.100'], ['G05.308.370'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380.080.335', 'C04.557.470.670.380.080.335', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380.080.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.624.664'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875'], ['D12.776.826.535'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E05.588.570.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[The development of grooming in the ontogeny of rats and mice].
|
Experiments have been made on rats and mice within the first month of postnatal life. Common age dynamics of grooming reactions for these animals was shown which consists of a sharp intensification of grooming movements at the 3rd week, i.e. at the period of "behavioral arousal", as well as of heterochronous onset of different types of movements which results from successive maturation of the brain structures in which rhythmic centres of these movements are located. Quantitative differences in grooming of rats and mice are presumably due to ecological peculiarities of these animals. Periodic pattern of realization of grooming, as well as the parameters of its rhythmic components suggests that stereotype behavioural reactions are governed by mechanisms of autorhythmic excitation which are typical for the early stages of the development of the nervous system.
|
['Aging', 'Animals', 'Ecology', 'Grooming', 'Mice', 'Periodicity', 'Rats', 'Time Factors']
| 7,831,974
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['H01.158.273.248', 'H01.277.249'], ['F01.145.113.111.453'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G01.910.645', 'G07.180.562'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Optical magnetometer array for fetal magnetocardiography.
|
We describe an array of spin-exchange-relaxation-free optical magnetometers designed for detection of fetal magnetocardiography (fMCG). The individual magnetometers are configured with a small volume with intense optical pumping, surrounded by a large pump-free region. Spin-polarized atoms that diffuse out of the optical pumping region precess in the ambient magnetic field and are detected by a probe laser. Four such magnetometers, at the corners of a 7 cm square, are configured for gradiometry by feeding back the output of one magnetometer to a field coil to null uniform magnetic field noise at frequencies up to 200 Hz. We present the first measurements of fMCG signals using an atomic magnetometer.
|
['Feedback', 'Fetus', 'Magnetic Phenomena', 'Magnetocardiography', 'Optical Phenomena']
| 22,739,870
|
[['L01.906.394.211'], ['A16.378'], ['G01.358'], ['E01.370.370.380.487', 'E01.370.405.435', 'E05.540.249'], ['G01.590']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex formed in the presence of ATP.
|
ATP hydrolysis is required for transcriptional initiation by RNA polymerase II in vitro. Reconstituted transcription using purified initiation factors and RNA polymerase II have revealed that the step dependent on ATP hydrolysis occurs at the same time as initiation of RNA synthesis. We report here that ATP hydrolysis is also required for formation of the preinitiation complex in crude extracts. Two distinct preinitiation complexes were identified, one formed in the presence and the other in the absence of ATP. These complexes were isolated by glycerol gradient centrifugation. The preinitiation complex formed in the presence of ATP was able to synthesize transcripts with addition of only ribonucleotide triphosphates, whereas the preinitiation complex formed in the absence of ATP was inactive and required addition of protein fractions and ATP. These results suggest that the inactive preinitiation complex is activated by addition of the protein fractions and ATP hydrolysis. The active preinitiation complex sedimented at approximately 40 S in glycerol gradient centrifugation, a rate similar to that of RNA polymerase II holoenzyme reported by Maldonado et al. [ Nature (1996), 381, 86-89].
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Adenylyl Imidodiphosphate', 'Centrifugation, Density Gradient', 'Deoxyadenine Nucleotides', 'Glycerol', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Hydrolysis', 'RNA Polymerase II', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 9,321,661
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236.050', 'D13.695.667.138.236.050', 'D13.695.827.068.236.050'], ['E05.181.724.336', 'E05.196.941.336'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.410', 'D13.695.201.100', 'D13.695.667.138.410'], ['D02.033.800.875.500', 'D09.853.875.500'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.380'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.735.270.762'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Novel conjugates of aminoadamantanes with carbazole derivatives as potential multitarget agents for AD treatment.
|
A new group of compounds, promising for the design of original multitarget therapeutic agents for treating neurodegenerative diseases, based on conjugates of aminoadamantane and carbazole derivatives was synthesized and investigated. Compounds of these series were found to interact with a group of targets that play an important role in the development of this type of diseases. First of all, these compounds selectively inhibit butyrylcholinesterase, block NMDA receptors containing NR2B subunits while maintaining the properties of MK-801 binding site blockers, exert microtubules stabilizing properties, and possess the ability to protect nerve cells from death at the calcium overload conditions. The leading compound C-2h has been shown the most promising effects on all analyzed parameters. Thus, these compounds can be regarded as promising candidates for the design of multi-target disease-modifying drugs for treatment of AD and/or similar neuropathologies.
|
['Alzheimer Disease', 'Amantadine', 'Carbazoles', 'Carboxylesterase', 'Cholinesterase Inhibitors', 'Drug Design', 'Erythrocytes', 'Humans', 'Memantine', 'Microtubules', 'Molecular Docking Simulation', 'Protein Binding', 'Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate']
| 28,358,144
|
[['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['D02.455.426.100.050.035'], ['D03.633.100.473.144', 'D03.633.300.148'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.100'], ['D27.505.519.389.275', 'D27.505.519.625.120.300', 'D27.505.696.577.120.300'], ['E05.290.500', 'H01.158.703.007.338.500', 'H01.181.466.338.500'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.455.426.100.050.035.500'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750.602'], ['E05.599.595.249', 'L01.224.160.249'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.500.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.400.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Factors associated with the frequency of house calls by primary care physicians.
|
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate factors associated with the frequency of house calls by primary care physicians.DESIGN: A cross-sectional design with a self-administered mailed survey. SITTING/PARTICIPANTS: 751 primary care physicians who care for Medicaid patients in Virginia.RESULTS: Among 389 physician respondents (52%), regular house callers (n = 216) were compared with occasional house callers (n = 162). Among physician characteristics, specialty and practice duration were associated with house call frequency. Regular house callers also more often cited chronic illness (67% vs. 20%, p less than 0.01) and terminal illness (67% vs. 40%, p less than 0.01) as indications for house calls, compared with occasional house callers. Use of visiting nurses to substitute for physician house calls was less often considered appropriate by frequent house callers (7% vs. 24%, p less than 0.01), and regular house callers were less likely to report being "too busy" to make house calls (71% vs. 29%, p less than 0.01). Multivariate analysis confirmed the association of these attitudes with house call frequency.CONCLUSION: These data suggest that specific attitudes among primary care physicians are associated with house call frequency.
|
['Adult', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'House Calls', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Physicians, Family', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Virginia']
| 1,890,505
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['N04.452.758.307'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['M01.526.485.810.770', 'N02.360.810.770'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.837', 'Z01.107.567.875.750.870']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Calcium-activated inward spike after-currents in bursting neurone R15 of Aplysia.
|
1. Slow inward and outward after-currents follow action potentials in the bursting pacemaker neurone, R 15, of Aplysia californica. These experiments were performed to examine the role of axo-dendritic calcium influx in activating these after currents. 2. Depolarizing voltage-clamp commands issued at the soma were used to elicit the after-currents. The earlier inward depolarizing after-current of DAC was followed by the hyperpolarizing after-current or HAC. The DAC and HAC appeared at a threshold following depolarizing commands in normal sea water, presumably due to triggering of action potentials in inadequately space-clamped axon. In 100 microM-tetrodotoxin (TTX), the after-currents were graded, increasing gradually in amplitude with increasing voltage or duration of the command. 3. After-current amplitudes varied with the holding potential through the range tested, -40 to -80 mV. DACs were maximum at -40 to -50 mV and decreased in amplitude with hyperpolarization. HACs were maximum at -40 mV and decreased with hyperpolarization to disappear between -70 and -80 mV. 4. The dependence of after-currents upon intracellular calcium accumulation during the depolarizing command was tested in several ways. Bathing R15 in 0 Ca2+-2 mM-EGTA (ethyleneglycol-bis-(beta-aminoethylether)-N,N'-tetraacetic acid) sea water eliminated the after-currents. Bathing in 1 mM-Ca2+ sea water reduced the DAC by 76% and the HAC by 87% following 10 ms long depolarizations to +40 mV. Application of Mn2+ (25 mM) or La3+ (5 mM) blocked the after-currents. Injection of EGTA intracellularly practically eliminated after-currents. Greatly prolonged depolarizations were required to elicit them after EGTA injection. Substitution of Ba2+ for Ca2+ also eliminated after-currents. 5. Sodium-free sea water eliminated the DAC. The HAC following brief (less than 30 ms) depolarizing commands was also eliminated in zero sodium, although longer commands were followed by an outward tail current. 6. Although the after-currents seemed dependent upon calcium influx, they were not suppressed by depolarizing commands whose voltage exceeded the calcium equilibrium potential at the soma as indicated by suppression of the calcium-activated potassium current, or IK(Ca), observed during the depolarization. However, if the extracellular calcium was lowered to 1 mM, large depolarizations did suppress the DAC. 7. Dopamine blocked the after-currents when applied to the axo-dendritic area but not when applied to the soma. Similarly, synaptic inhibition of long duration blocked the after-currents.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
|
['Action Potentials', 'Animals', 'Aplysia', 'Barium', 'Calcium', 'Dopamine', 'Egtazic Acid', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Ion Channels', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Neurons', 'Tetrodotoxin', 'Time Factors']
| 2,457,678
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.644.400.060'], ['D01.268.552.050', 'D01.268.556.062', 'D01.552.539.124', 'D01.552.544.062'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D02.092.211.215.406', 'D02.092.311.342', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342'], ['D02.092.782.258.368.257', 'D02.241.081.018.269'], ['E05.481'], ['D12.776.157.530.400', 'D12.776.543.550.450', 'D12.776.543.585.400'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D03.633.100.786.910', 'D23.946.580.910'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Outcomes after craniotomy for resection of craniopharyngiomas in adults: analysis of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP).
|
PURPOSE: Craniopharyngiomas occur in suprasellar locations that pose challenges for surgical management. This study evaluates the incidence of complications following craniotomy for craniopharyngioma in adults and investigates risk factors for these complications.METHODS: Patients who underwent craniotomy for excision of craniopharyngioma were identified from the 2005-2016 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP). Incidence of 30-day postoperative complications was determined. Multivariable logistic regression identified demographic, comorbid and perioperative characteristics associated with any complication and major (Clavien IV) complications. RESULTS: There were 143 cases identified. Fifty-one (35.7%) had a complication, twenty (14.0%) experienced a major complication and there were four (2.8%) deaths. The most common complications were: unplanned readmission (13.3%), prolonged ventilation > 48 h (9.8%), and unplanned reoperation (9.3%). In multivariable analysis, variables significantly associated with any complication were: black race (OR 0.16; 95% CI 0.03-0.84; p = 0.03), hypertension (OR 5.04; 95% CI 1.79-14.17; p = 0.002) and longer duration of surgery (OR 1.27; 95% CI 1.01-1.58; p = 0.04). Hypertension (OR 9.33; 95% CI 1.61-54.21; p = 0.01) and longer duration of surgery (OR 1.51; 95% CI 1.05-2.17; p = 0.03) were also significant predictors for major complications.CONCLUSION: One-third of patients undergoing craniotomy for craniopharyngioma resection experienced a postoperative complication. While high, this contrasts previously reported rates of two-thirds. Prolonged operative time and hypertension are positive predictors of major complications. This information can assist in counseling patients and decision-making for management. We note that other treatment approaches, such as endoscopic surgical techniques, radiosurgery and radiation therapy likely have different profiles and predictors of complications.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Craniopharyngioma', 'Craniotomy', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neurosurgical Procedures', 'Patient Readmission', 'Pituitary Neoplasms', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prognosis', 'Quality Improvement', 'Survival Rate', 'Time Factors']
| 31,228,138
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.465.625.200', 'C04.557.580.625.200'], ['E04.525.190'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.525'], ['E02.760.400.620', 'N02.421.585.400.620'], ['C04.588.322.609', 'C04.588.614.250.195.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.211.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.617.477.600', 'C10.228.140.617.738.675', 'C10.551.240.250.700.500.500', 'C19.344.609', 'C19.700.734'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E01.789'], ['J01.293.754', 'N04.761.744'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
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| 1
| 0
|
Plasticity of the developmentally arrested staggerer cerebellum in response to exogenous RORá.
|
Retinoid-related orphan receptor á (RORá) is a critical master transcription factor that governs postnatal cerebellar development. An RORá-deficient cerebellum has a persistent external granular layer (EGL), rudimentary Purkinje cell (PC) dendrites, grossly reduced numbers of immature parallel fiber (PF)-PC synapses, and multiple climbing fibers (CF) innervating PCs in mice after 3 weeks of age when these features have disappeared in wild-type mice. Functionally, metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR)-mediated signaling in PCs is completely abrogated. Here we examined whether these defects could be corrected by lentivirally providing the RORá gene to 3-week-old PCs of RORá-deficient homozygous staggerer (sg/sg) mice. RORá expression in sg/sg PCs significantly increased the numbers of PF-PC synapses, spines on PC dendritic branchlets, and internal granule cells, concomitant with regression of the EGL, suggesting enhanced proliferation in the EGL and migration of post-mitotic progeny into the internal granular layer with augmented synaptogenesis between PFs and PC dendrites. However, the primary dendritic stems were only slightly extended, and mGluR signaling and the loss of redundant CF synapses in sg/sg PCs remained unrestored. These results suggest that the mitogenic and migratory potential of external granule cells in response to RORá was preserved in the >3-week-old sg/sg mouse cerebellum. Moreover, sg/sg PCs sprouted spines and formed synapses with PFs. However, lengthening of the primary dendritic stems, establishment of mGluR signaling, and removal of CF synapses in sg/sg PCs were regressed by 3 weeks of age.
|
['Animals', 'Cerebellum', 'Dendrites', 'Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Humans', 'Lentivirus', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Neurologic Mutants', 'Neuronal Plasticity', 'Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 1', 'Purkinje Cells', 'Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate', 'Synapses']
| 26,122,696
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.428.200'], ['A08.675.256', 'A11.284.180.225', 'A11.671.240'], ['G04.580.887.249', 'G07.265.675.887.249', 'G07.265.880.750.199', 'G11.561.570.918.249', 'G11.561.830.750.199'], ['G05.360.337'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B04.820.650.589'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.480'], ['G11.561.638'], ['D12.776.260.643.100', 'D12.776.476.156.437', 'D12.776.826.209.100'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.428.200.212.600', 'A08.675.784', 'A11.671.784'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.450', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.500'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
TGF-beta1-stimulated osteoblasts require intracellular calcium signaling for enhanced alpha5 integrin expression.
|
The osteoactive factor, transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1), influences osteoblast activity and bone function. We recently characterized a Smad-independent TGF-beta1-induced Ca(2+) signal in human osteoblasts (HOB) and demonstrated its importance in cell adhesion. Here, we further elucidate the role of the TGF-beta1 Ca(2+) signal in the mechanics of HOB adhesion. Osteoblast interaction with fibronectin (FN) through alpha5beta1 integrin is principally responsible for osteoblast-substrate adhesion. Our results show that the TGF-beta1 intracellular Ca(2+) signal is responsible, in part, for stimulation of alpha5 integrin expression, but not beta1 integrin or FN expression. Increased alpha5 integrin protein and mRNA expression was seen as early as 12 h after TGF-beta1 treatment, but was inhibited by cotreatment with nifedipine, a Ca(2+) channel blocker. TGF-beta1 increased both FN and beta1 integrin protein production within 48 h, independent of nifedipine cotreatment. Immunofluorescence observations revealed that TGF-beta1 increased alpha5 integrin staining, clustering, and colocalization with the actin cytoskeleton, effects that were blocked by nifedipine. The TGF-beta1 Ca(2+) signal, a pathway crucial for HOB adhesion, enhances alpha5 integrin expression, focal contact formation, and cytoskeleton reorganization. These early events are necessary for osteoblast adhesion; thus they determine the fate of the cell and ultimately affect bone function.
|
['Actins', 'Antigens, CD', 'Calcium', 'Calcium Channel Blockers', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytoskeleton', 'Fibronectins', 'Humans', 'Immunoblotting', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Integrin alpha5', 'Integrins', 'Nifedipine', 'Osteoblasts', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Signal Transduction', 'Time Factors', 'Tissue Engineering', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta1']
| 12,081,894
|
[['D05.750.078.730.250', 'D12.776.210.500.100', 'D12.776.220.525.255'], ['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D27.505.519.562.249', 'D27.505.696.260.500', 'D27.505.954.411.192'], ['G04.022'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750'], ['D12.776.377.715.390', 'D12.776.395.550.350', 'D12.776.543.550.350', 'D12.776.860.300.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.320', 'E05.601.470.320'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.408.100.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.408'], ['D03.383.725.203.540'], ['A11.329.629'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E05.481.500.311.500', 'J01.293.069.249.500'], ['D12.644.276.374.687', 'D12.644.276.954.775', 'D12.776.467.374.687', 'D12.776.467.942.775', 'D23.529.374.687', 'D23.529.942.775'], ['D12.644.276.374.687.100', 'D12.644.276.954.775.100', 'D12.776.467.374.687.100', 'D12.776.467.942.775.100', 'D23.529.374.687.100', 'D23.529.942.775.100']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Airway Hyperresponsiveness to Mannitol in Obesity Before and After Bariatric Surgery.
|
BACKGROUND: The relationship between airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and obesity, a low-grade systemic inflammatory condition, remains largely unknown. It is established that AHR to indirect stimuli is associated with active airway inflammation. The objectives were to investigate the rate of AHR to mannitol in obese subjects and its changes 1 year after bariatric surgery (BS).METHODS: We enrolled 58 candidates to BS severely obese (33 nonsmokers and 25 smokers) without history of asthma and 20 healthy, nonobese participants and related AHR to functional findings and serum and exhaled biomarkers.RESULTS: Before surgery, AHR was observed in 16 (28 %) obese with the provocation doses of mannitol to induce a 15 % fall in FEV1 (PD15) of (geometric mean [95 % CI]) 83 (24-145) mg. Compared to control participants, obese participants had lower spirometric values and higher serum and exhaled biomarkers (p < 0.05 each). After surgery, AHR was abolished (p < 0.01) in all but four obese subjects.CONCLUSIONS: Weight loss induced by BS was the key independent factor associated to AHR improvement. AHR to mannitol is highly prevalent in obesity, and it is largely abolished by BS.
|
['Adult', 'Bariatric Surgery', 'Bronchial Hyperreactivity', 'Bronchoconstrictor Agents', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Mannitol', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity, Morbid', 'Prospective Studies', 'Respiratory Function Tests', 'Spirometry']
| 25,618,781
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E02.650.500.062', 'E04.062'], ['C08.127.210'], ['D27.505.696.663.050.100', 'D27.505.954.796.170'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A04.411'], ['D02.033.800.609', 'D09.853.609'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500.700', 'C23.888.144.699.500.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E01.370.386.700'], ['E01.370.386.700.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The acute antiarrhythmic effects of droxicainide and lidocaine in unanesthetized dogs.
|
Two groups of unanesthetized dogs, each consisting of six animals with ventricular tachycardia caused by two-stage ligation of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery on the day before treatment, were given continuous intravenous infusions of 0.5 mg/kg/min of either droxicainide [DL-N-(2-hydroxyethyl) pipecolinyl-2,6-dimethylanilide] hydrochloride or lidocaine hydrochloride until convulsions occurred. At low cumulative doses of either drug, the infusions produced a progressive reduction in the frequency of ventricular ectopic beats, but no significant changes in the sinus rate, the PR or QRS intervals of normal sinus beats, the arterial and central venous pressures, or the respiratory rate. At higher cumulative doses lidocaine produced sedation, and both drugs produced emesis and then convulsions that subsided soon after termination of treatment. With respect to both the cumulative doses and plasma concentrations at which they reduced the frequency of ectopic beats by 25, 50, and 75% and at which they produced convulsions, droxicainide was a more potent antiarrhythmic agent than lidocaine and had a wider margin of safety.
|
['Anilides', 'Animals', 'Anti-Arrhythmia Agents', 'Arrhythmias, Cardiac', 'Dogs', 'Heart Rate', 'Lidocaine']
| 6,200,728
|
[['D02.065.199', 'D02.092.146.113'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.411.097'], ['C14.280.067', 'C23.550.073'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['D02.065.199.092.500', 'D02.092.146.113.092.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Quantitative cerebral MR perfusion imaging: preliminary results in stroke.
|
PURPOSE: To evaluate quantitative cerebral blood flow (qCBF) with traditional time-based measurements or metrics of cerebral perfusion: time to peak (Tmax) and mean transit time (MTT) in stroke patients.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine ischemic stroke patients (four male, five female, 63 ± 16 years old) were included in the study which was Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act compliant and institutional review board approved. Cerebral perfusion was quantified using the Bookend method. Mean values of qCBF, Tmax, and MTT were determined in regions of interest (ROIs). ROIs were drawn on diffusion weighted images in diffusion positive, critically ischemic (CI), in ipsilateral normal region immediately surrounding the critically ischemic region, the presumed penumbra (PP), and in contralateral diffusion negative control, presumed normal region (PN) of gray and white matter separately (GM and WM).RESULTS: In both GM and WM, qCBF measures distinguished the studied brain regions with the most markedly reduced values in regions corresponding to extent of likely ischemic injury. In planned comparisons, only qCBF measurements differed significantly between CI and PP tissues. ROC analysis supported the utility of qCBF for discriminating brain regions differing in the likely extent of ischemic injury (CI and PN regions - qCBF: area under the curve [AUC] = 0.96, Tmax: AUC = 0.96, MTT: AUC = 0.72). Importantly, qCBF afforded the best discrimination of CI and PP regions (qCBF: AUC = 0.82, Tmax: AUC = 0.65, MTT: AUC = 0.52).CONCLUSION: This initial evaluation indicates that quantitative MRI perfusion is feasible in ischemic stroke patients. qCBF derived with this strategy provide enhanced discrimination of CI and PP compared to time-based imaging metrics. This approach merits investigation in larger clinical studies.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Area Under Curve', 'Brain', 'Brain Ischemia', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Perfusion Imaging', 'Stroke', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 20,882,609
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.740.200', 'G03.787.101', 'G07.690.725.064', 'N06.850.520.830.200'], ['A08.186.211'], ['C10.228.140.300.150', 'C14.907.253.092'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.710.600', 'E01.370.384.730.354'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Participation of endogenous nitric oxide in the effect of hypoxia in vitro on neuro-effector transmission in guinea-pig ileum.
|
The implication of endogenous nitric oxide in the effect of hypoxia on the neurotransmission in the enteric nervous system of guinea-pig ileum was studied in vitro. Three methodological approaches have been used: (i) Stretch-induced phases of peristaltic reflex in ileal segments; (ii) twitch contractions of longitudinal segments, evoked by electrical field stimulation; and (iii) release of [3H]acetylcholine from longitudinal muscle-myenteric plexus preparations, measured by liquid spectrophotometry. The effect of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 100 microM) was studied under normoxic conditions. L-NNA did not change significantly the ascending contraction phase of peristaltic reflex and the amplitude of twitch contractions. However, the same concentration of L-NNA increased the stimulation-evoked acetylcholine release. The descending relaxation phase decreased in the presence of L-NNA. In another set of experiments, hypoxia was mimicked by replacement of oxygen from the perfusion medium with nitrogen for a period of 30 min. Hypoxia significantly decreased the ascending contraction phase, the twitch contractions, and the release of acetylcholine from the myenteric plexus. Under hypoxic conditions, pretreatment with L-NNA did not change either the contractile responses, nor the release of acetylcholine. Our results suggest that under conditions of oxygen deprivation, endogenous nitric oxide seems to be inefficient in modulating the cholinergic neurotransmission in guinea-pig ileum.
|
['Acetylcholine', 'Animals', 'Cholinergic Fibers', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Enteric Nervous System', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Female', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Hypoxia', 'Ileum', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Nitroarginine', 'Peristalsis', 'Reflex', 'Synaptic Transmission', 'Tritium']
| 11,543,943
|
[['D02.092.211.111'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.675.127.500', 'A08.675.542.234', 'A11.671.188.500', 'A11.671.501.234'], ['E05.723.402'], ['A08.800.050.150'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['C23.888.852.079'], ['A03.556.124.684.249', 'A03.556.249.124'], ['E05.481'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D12.125.068.050.587', 'D12.125.095.104.587'], ['G10.261.360.596'], ['E01.370.376.550.650', 'E01.370.600.550.650', 'F02.830.702', 'G11.561.731'], ['G02.111.820.850', 'G04.835.850', 'G07.265.880', 'G11.561.830'], ['D01.268.406.875', 'D01.362.340.875', 'D01.496.749.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Light physical activity determined by a motion sensor decreases insulin resistance, improves lipid homeostasis and reduces visceral fat in high-risk subjects: PreDiabEx study RCT.
|
OBJECTIVE: To examine physical activity (PA) thresholds affecting glucose, insulin and lipid concentrations and body fat composition in high-risk patients for type 2 diabetes (T2D).INTERVENTION: A total of 113 subjects of both genders having abnormal glucose levels in the oral glucose tolerance test were contacted. A total of 78 subjects with age 58.8±10.4 years and body mass index 31.7±5.3 kg m(-2) were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. INTERVENTION consisted of a supervised walking (60 min three times weekly) for 3 months. All the subjects received standard care for PA and weight reduction and wore an accelerometer during the whole wakeful time.RESULTS: Over 80% of the daily steps clustered at an acceleration level of 0.3-0.7 g (2-3 km h(-1) of walking) and were 5870 in the intervention and 4434 in the control group (P<0.029). Between 0 and 3 months no significant changes were observed in fasting and 2-h glucose, body weight or maximal oxygen uptake. In contrast, changes in fasting and 2-h insulin (-3.4 mU l(-1), P=0.035 and -26.6, P=0.003, respectively), homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (-1.0, P=0.036), total cholesterol (-0.55 mmol l(-1), P=0.041), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (-0.36 mmol l(-1), P=0.008) and visceral fat area (-5.5 cm(2), P=0.030) were significantly greater in the intervention than in control subjects. The overall effects of PA were analyzed by quartiles of daily steps of all subjects. There were significant reductions in total and LDL cholesterol and visceral fat area between the highest (daily steps over 6520) and the lowest quartile (1780-2810 daily steps). The changes associated with PA remained significant after adjustments of baseline, sex, age and body weight change.CONCLUSION: Habitual and structured PAs with the acceleration levels of 0.3-0.7 g and daily steps over 6520, equivalent to walking at 2-3 km h(-1) for 90 min daily, standing for the relative PA intensity of 30-35% of the maximal oxygen uptake, are clinically beneficial for overweight/obese and physically inactive individuals with a high risk for T2D.
|
['Blood Glucose', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Exercise Therapy', 'Female', 'Finland', 'Glucose Tolerance Test', 'Homeostasis', 'Humans', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Intra-Abdominal Fat', 'Lipid Metabolism', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Risk Reduction Behavior', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Walking', 'Weight Loss']
| 24,285,336
|
[['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.387', 'E02.779.483', 'E02.831.535.483'], ['Z01.542.816.186'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.355', 'E01.370.374.355', 'E05.200.124.100.355'], ['G07.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['A10.165.114.830.500.500'], ['G03.458'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['F01.145.699'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['G11.427.410.568.900', 'G11.427.410.698.277.937', 'I03.350.937', 'I03.450.642.845.940'], ['C23.888.144.243.963', 'G07.345.249.314.120.200.963']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Annotating proteins by mining protein interaction networks.
|
MOTIVATION: In general, most accurate gene/protein annotations are provided by curators. Despite having lesser evidence strengths, it is inevitable to use computational methods for fast and a priori discovery of protein function annotations. This paper considers the problem of assigning Gene Ontology (GO) annotations to partially annotated or newly discovered proteins.RESULTS: We present a data mining technique that computes the probabilistic relationships between GO annotations of proteins on protein-protein interaction data, and assigns highly correlated GO terms of annotated proteins to non-annotated proteins in the target set. In comparison with other techniques, probabilistic suffix tree and correlation mining techniques produce the highest prediction accuracy of 81% precision with the recall at 45%.AVAILABILITY: Code is available upon request. Results and used materials are available online at http://kirac.case.edu/PROTAN.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Artificial Intelligence', 'Database Management Systems', 'Databases, Protein', 'Documentation', 'Information Storage and Retrieval', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Natural Language Processing', 'Pattern Recognition, Automated', 'Protein Interaction Mapping', 'Proteins', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Analysis, Protein', 'Signal Transduction', 'Vocabulary, Controlled']
| 16,873,481
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G17.035.250', 'L01.224.050.375'], ['L01.224.068', 'L01.224.900.280', 'N04.452.515.110'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.300.750', 'L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.325.710', 'L01.470.750.750.300.750', 'L01.470.750.750.325.710'], ['L01.453.245'], ['L01.313.500.750.280', 'L01.470'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['L01.224.050.375.580'], ['L01.399.750'], ['E05.601.690'], ['D12.776'], ['E05.393.751'], ['E05.393.760.705'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['L01.453.245.945']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone: a rare complication after carotid endarterectomy.
|
The syndrome of inadequate secretion of the antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is a very rare complication after carotid endarterectomy, characterized by hyponatremia, decrease of serum osmolarity as well as an increase in urinary osmolarity. We report the case of an 80-year-old woman who developed, 24 hours after the surgery, a picture of drowsiness and lethargy without neurological focality. The diagnosis of SIADH was suspected. We conclude that is important to have in mind this clinical entity in the differential diagnosis of non-focal neurological deficit after carotid endarterectomy.
|
['Aged, 80 and over', 'Endarterectomy, Carotid', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyponatremia', 'Inappropriate ADH Syndrome', 'Osmolar Concentration', 'Sodium', 'Urine']
| 16,861,016
|
[['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E04.100.814.456.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.950.620'], ['C10.228.140.617.738.320', 'C18.452.950.626', 'C19.700.490'], ['G02.640'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['A12.207.927']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Potent inhibition of human ovarian steroidogenesis by insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 (IGFBP-4).
|
Several studies have now documented the existence of IGFBPs in follicular fluid and their correlation with the health of the follicle. In particular, increased levels of IGFBP-4 have been reported in androgen-dominant atretic follicles and those from polycystic ovaries. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of IGFBP-4 in ovarian steroidogenesis. Granulosa cells and theca tissue were incubated with or without LH or FSH in the presence or absence of IGFBP-4 (0.5-50 ng/ml). Inhibition by IGFBP-4 of estradiol production in the presence of testosterone alone was seen in three of four experiments. IGFBP-4 completely inhibited FSH-stimulated estradiol production in three experiments and caused 67% inhibition in a fourth. Similar results were obtained for theca, in which concurrent incubation with IGFBP-4 completely negated the stimulatory effects of LH on androstenedione production. The mechanism by which IGFBP-4 exerts these potent effects and the possibility that this may by IGF-independent are currently being investigated.
|
['Androstenedione', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Follicle Stimulating Hormone', 'Granulosa Cells', 'Humans', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 4', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Theca Cells']
| 9,435,457
|
[['D04.210.500.054.079.329', 'D04.210.500.578.502.112', 'D06.472.040.502.112', 'D06.472.334.851.968.875'], ['A11.251'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.288', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.288', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.288'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.535.200', 'A06.300.312.497.535.300', 'A11.382.812', 'A11.436.329'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.157.420.280'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.535.400', 'A06.300.312.497.535.600', 'A11.329.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
First record of Indolestes cyaneus (Selys, 1862) from Vietnam and notes on its color variation (Odonata: Zygoptera: Lestidae).
|
First record of Indolestes cyaneus (Selys, 1862) from Vietnam with providing illustrations of its detailed structures, as well as notes on the coloration of the populations from Taiwan, Nepal and India.
|
['Animals', 'India', 'Nepal', 'Odonata', 'Taiwan', 'Vietnam']
| 31,715,808
|
[['B01.050'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['Z01.252.245.674'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.750.750'], ['Z01.252.474.872', 'Z01.639.850'], ['Z01.252.145.945']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Dexamethasone stimulates placental system A transport and trophoblast differentiation in term villous explants.
|
Synthetic glucocorticoids (GCs) are given to women with threatened preterm labour but their administration has been linked to reduced infant birthweight. The underlying mechanisms are unknown, but impaired placental development and/or function has been implicated. The activity of the system A amino acid transporter is decreased in placentas from pregnancies complicated by fetal growth restriction. Whether GCs adversely affect placental amino acid transport is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the regulatory effects of GCs on system A transport using a human in vitro placental explant model. Term explants (n=7) were treated with dexamethasone (DEX 10(-8)M or 10(-6)M) or vehicle for 48 h. System A activity was measured by the uptake of (14)C-N-methylated aminoisobutyric acid by explants. Explants were also processed for electron microscopy (EM), immunohistochemistry, and qRT-PCR. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and human placental lactogen (hPL) release into the culture medium was measured. DEX (10(-6)M) stimulated system A activity compared to vehicle (p<0.05). System A transporter proteins were localized to the newly regenerating syncytiotrophoblast layer, but mRNA levels were unchanged with DEX treatment. DEX did not adversely affect explant viability as determined by reduced LDH release (p<0.05). DEX treatment was associated with morphological (accelerated apical microvilli formation, nuclear maturation, and increased cell organelle number) and functional (elevated hCG secretion, increased 11beta-HSD2 mRNA expression and reduced cytotrophoblast proliferation (p<0.05 for all)) markers of syncytiotrophoblast differentiation. These findings suggest that DEX stimulates system A activity and promotes syncytiotrophoblast differentiation and maturation.
|
['11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2', 'Amino Acid Transport System A', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Shape', 'Chorionic Gonadotropin', 'Dexamethasone', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Gene Products, env', 'Glucocorticoids', 'Humans', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Ki-67 Antigen', 'Placenta', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Proteins', 'Protein Isoforms', 'Regeneration', 'Term Birth', 'Time Factors', 'Trophoblasts']
| 20,045,184
|
[['D08.811.682.047.436.174.600', 'D08.811.682.047.820.100.600'], ['D12.776.157.530.200.500.100', 'D12.776.543.585.200.500.100'], ['G04.152'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G04.320'], ['D06.472.699.322.326', 'D06.472.699.649.367', 'D12.644.548.726.367', 'D12.776.780.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.344', 'D04.210.500.908.238'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G05.308'], ['D12.776.775.320', 'D12.776.964.775.325', 'D12.776.964.970.880.325'], ['D06.472.040.543', 'D27.505.696.399.472.488'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481'], ['D12.776.660.625.500', 'D23.050.290.500', 'D23.101.140.400'], ['A16.710'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D12.776.780'], ['D12.776.800'], ['G16.762'], ['G08.686.784.769.490.500'], ['G01.910.857'], ['A11.382.992', 'A16.254.500.766', 'A16.710.802']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Meshing human resources planning with strategic business planning: a model approach.
|
Many people are touting the need to take a strategic approach to human resources management--but this is more easily said than done, point out authors Lloyd Baird, associate professor of management at the School of Management and the Human Resources Policy Institute at Boston University; Ilan Meshoulam, personnel executive at Digital Equipment Corporation; and Ghislaine DeGive, Boston University. Obviously, people cannot be moved around as easily or as speedily as can other resources to help move a company to a strategically identified future position. Thus a great deal of planning is required. The authors present an integrative human resources strategic planning model that focuses on four elements: the environment, the organization's culture, the corporate mission statement, and overall corporate strategy. Each part of the model is thoroughly discussed, and checklist questions are included to help the individual manager develop and implement human resources management plans for his or her own organization.
|
['Models, Theoretical', 'Personnel Management', 'Planning Techniques']
| 10,299,270
|
[['E05.599'], ['N04.452.677'], ['N04.452.718']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The design of a low literacy decision aid about rheumatoid arthritis medications developed in three languages for use during the clinical encounter.
|
BACKGROUND: Shared decision-making in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) care is a priority among policy makers, clinicians and patients both nationally and internationally. Demands on patients to have basic knowledge of RA, treatment options, and details of risk and benefit when making medication decisions with clinicians can be overwhelming, especially for those with limited literacy or limited English language proficiency. The objective of this study is to describe the development of a medication choice decision aid for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in three languages using low literacy principles.METHODS: Based on the development of a diabetes decision aid, the RA decision aid (RA Choice) was developed through a collaborative process involving patients, clinicians, designers, decision-aid and health literacy experts. A combination of evidence synthesis and direct observation of clinician-patient interactions generated content and guided an iterative process of prototype development.RESULTS: Three iterations of RA Choice were developed and field-tested before completion. The final tool organized data using icons and plain language for 12 RA medications across 5 issues: frequency of administration, time to onset, cost, side effects, and special considerations. The tool successfully created a conversation between clinician and patient, and garnered high acceptability from clinicians.CONCLUSIONS: The process of collaboratively developing an RA decision aid designed to promote shared decision making resulted in a graphically-enhanced, low literacy tool. The use of RA Choice in the clinical encounter has the potential to enhance communication for RA patients, including those with limited health literacy and limited English language proficiency.
|
['Adult', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Decision Making', 'Decision Support Techniques', 'Health Literacy', 'Humans']
| 25,649,726
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['F02.463.785.373'], ['E05.245', 'L01.313.500.750.190'], ['I02.233.332.186.500', 'L01.143.450.500', 'N02.421.726.407.229.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Development of a matrix solid-phase dispersion extraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography for determination of five lignans from the Schisandra chinensis.
|
A method based on a simplified sample extraction by matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) followed by HPLC determination is validated for analysis of five lignans in Schisandra chinensis. The MSPD parameters that affect the extraction efficiency of lignans from S. chinensis were examined and optimized. The optimal extraction conditions were determined to be that silica gel was used as dispersing sorbent, the ratio of silica gel to sample mass was selected to be 2:1, and 4mL of methanol was used as elution solvent. The method recoveries were determined to be from 92.25 to 101.17% and the RSDs from 1.3 to 4.9%. The extraction yields of five lignans obtained by the MSPD were higher than those of traditional reflux and sonication extraction with reduced requirements on sample, solvent and time. In addition, the optimized method was applied for analyzing five real S. chinensis samples obtained from different cultivated areas.
|
['Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Lignans', 'Limit of Detection', 'Linear Models', 'Plant Extracts', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Schisandra', 'Solid Phase Extraction']
| 26,773,892
|
[['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.140.450'], ['E05.318.740.872.374', 'N05.715.360.750.725.500', 'N06.850.520.830.872.500'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.103.500.750'], ['E05.196.155.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of genistein on the periovulatory expression of messenger ribonucleic acid for matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in the rat ovary.
|
The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play critical roles in the ovulatory process. Their expression and activity, together with those of the endogenous tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), are stimulated by LH. The LH surge initiates a cascade of events resulting in ovulation and formation of the corpus luteum via activation of protein kinases A and C, as well as tyrosine kinases. In vitro perfused rat ovaries were untreated, or treated with LH (0.2 microg ml(-1)) plus 0.2 mmol 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine l(-1) with 0, 10 or 100 micromol genistein l(-1) (an inhibitor of tyrosine kinases) to assess whether tyrosine kinases are mediators of the LH-stimulated increase in ovarian expression of the MMPs and TIMPs. After 10 h of perfusion, ovaries were collected and frozen until RNA isolation. Northern and RNase protection analyses were used to measure mRNA encoding collagenase 3, gelatinases A and B, and TIMPs-1, -2 and -3. Treatment with LH plus 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine resulted in a two- and fivefold increase in mRNA encoding collagenase 3 and TIMP-1, respectively (P < 0.05). Treatment with 100 micromol genistein l(-1) blocked the LH-stimulated increase in collagenase 3 (0.012 +/- 0.002 versus 0.028 +/- 0.005 relative units for 100 micromol genistein l(-1) versus LH; P < 0.05), whereas neither dose of genistein affected LH-induced TIMP-1 expression. LH alone or with genistein did not alter the expression of mRNA encoding TIMP-2 and TIMP-3, or mRNA encoding gelatinases A and B. These data indicate that tyrosine kinases play a role in the LH-induced tissue remodelling required for ovulation by mediating the LH-stimulated expression of collagenase 3.
|
['Animals', 'Collagenases', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Female', 'Genistein', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 13', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors', 'Matrix Metalloproteinases', 'Ovary', 'Ovulation', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases']
| 11,226,050
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.400.375', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.400.375'], ['E05.481'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.363', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.550', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.363', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.550', 'D12.644.276.848.550', 'D12.776.467.836.550'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.610'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.525', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525'], ['A05.360.319.114.630', 'A05.360.576.497', 'A06.300.312.497'], ['G08.686.784.690'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.645.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Ovarian serous tumors of low malignant potential with nodal low-grade serous carcinoma.
|
Serous tumor of low malignant potential (SLMP) and low-grade serous carcinoma (LGSC) are part of one biological continuum, whereby SLMP can transform into LGSC. It has been suggested that some nodal SLMPs arise from nodal endosalpingiosis and evolve independently in lymph nodes (rather than being related to the ovarian primary). In this article, we present the clinicopathologic features of 5 cases of nodal LGSC presenting in association with ovarian SLMP. Clinical information was obtained from the patients' charts. Pathologic features of the nodal LGSC, including lymph node location, size of and extent of involvement of tumor, architectural pattern, degree of cytologic atypia, mitotic index, and presence of psammoma bodies, were recorded. Ovarian SLMPs were noted for laterality, size, presence of surface excrescences, microinvasion, and micropapillary/cribriform pattern and for presence of autoimplants, invasive, and noninvasive implants. The distribution of any lymph nodes with nodal endosalpingiosis or SLMPs was also recorded. Patients ranged in age from 28 to 68 years (median, 32 y). In 4 cases, the diagnosis of nodal LGSC occurred at a different time from that of the ovarian SLMPs, ranging from 7 months before to 5 months after the ovarian tumor diagnosis. Nodal LGSC was detected in supraclavicular (2 cases), cervical, intramammary, and periaortic lymph nodes (1 case each). The gross lymph node size ranged from 0.9 to 2.5 cm (median, 1.3 cm). The tumors either replaced the entire lymph node or were found diffusely involving subcapsular and medullary sinuses or lymph node cortices. Tumor cells showed typical cytologic features of LGSC and no mitotic activity. In 2 cases, however, focal pleomorphic cells and 1 mitosis per 10 HPF were noted. Psammoma bodies were identified in all cases. When immunohistochemical analysis was performed, all tumors exhibited a profile in keeping with M?llerian origin. All ovarian tumors were well sampled and ranged in size from 0.1 to 13 cm (median, 2.5 cm). No ovarian SLMP tumors showed the micropapillary/cribriform pattern, whereas only focal microinvasion was detected in 3 cases. Four tumors had surface excrescences. All cases had noninvasive implants, and a single case also had invasive implants. Lymph node dissection was performed in 2 cases, revealing extensive endosalpingiosis in pelvic and periaortic lymph nodes and SLMP in pelvic lymph nodes. In 1 additional case, a single lymph node was sampled, revealing a nodal SLMP. Clinical follow-up ranged from 2 to 14 years (median, 9 y). All patients received postoperative chemotherapy. None of the patients experienced recurrence in pelvic or abdominal soft tissue. Two patients are free of disease. However, 2 patients, one with cervical and another with supraclavicular nodal LGSC, had recurrences at these sites and subsequently succumbed to metastatic disease. Both of these patients had pelvic and periaortic nodal SLMP and extensive nodal endosalpingiosis. Another patient, originally with supraclavicular LGSC, developed pelvic and abdominal lymphadenopathy, and is currently alive with disease. For the first time, we present a case series of patients with ovarian SLMP who, despite any evidence of LGSC in the pelvis or any pelvic recurrences, developed extrapelvic/extra-abdominal nodal LGSC. These patients also had endosalpingiosis and SLMP in pelvic and periaortic lymph nodes, suggesting that SLMP/LGSC tumors in lymph nodes may arise independently of the ovarian primary, progress along their own timeline, and undergo metastatic spread. Therefore, in patients with ovarian SLMP and extensive pelvic/periaortic nodal endosalpingiosis and/or SLMP, examination and follow-up of extrapelvic lymph nodes are warranted, even if the ovarian tumor lacks high-risk features of recurrence.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Carcinoma', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Lymph Nodes', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Middle Aged', 'Mitotic Index', 'Neoplasm Grading', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Prognosis', 'Texas', 'Time Factors']
| 22,613,998
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.101.140'], ['C04.557.470.200'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['A10.549.400', 'A15.382.520.604.412'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.225.500.385.500', 'E05.200.500.385.500', 'E05.242.385.500'], ['E01.789.612'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['C04.557.470.590'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['E01.789'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.750'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Mutation analysis of the Smad2 gene in human colon cancers using genomic DNA and intron primers.
|
In mammals, one of the Mad homologues, Smad2, was reported to be a mediator of TGF-beta signaling, and was found mutated in some cases of colon and lung cancers. To extend the analysis of this gene, we previously investigated the genomic organization of the human Smad2 gene and defined the structure of 12 exons and flanking introns. In this study, we designed 11 sets of intron-based primers to examine the entire coding region of the Smad2 gene. By the PCR-SSCP method using these primers, we screened genomic DNA sequences of colorectal cancers for mutations of the Smad2 gene. Though there was no mutation within all exons of the Smad2 gene, two of 60 sporadic colorectal cancers displayed deletions in the polypyrimidine tract preceding exon 4. Deletions of this region were also detected in colon cancer cell lines, and were clustered within cells exhibiting microsatellite instability. Deletions in the polypyrimidine tract had various effects on pre-mRNA splicing, but had no effect on the splicing of the Smad2 gene in these cases. However, our data support the idea that the polypyrimidine tract in the splicing acceptor site is a target of mutations in mismatch repair-deficient tumors.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'DNA', 'DNA Primers', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Humans', 'Introns', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational', 'Smad2 Protein', 'Trans-Activators', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 9,635,866
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D12.776.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.360.340.024.220.400', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.515'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G05.365.795.600'], ['D12.644.360.024.334.500.200', 'D12.776.157.057.170.500.200', 'D12.776.476.024.428.500.200', 'D12.776.744.741.750', 'D12.776.930.806.500.200'], ['D12.776.260.755', 'D12.776.930.900', 'D12.776.964.925.984'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Association between Snoring and Leukocyte Telomere Length.
|
STUDY OBJECTIVES: Data on the association between snoring and telomere length, an indicator of biological aging, are very limited. Moreover, no polysomnography (PSG) studies on this association in a general population have been conducted. Our study aimed to evaluate the association between snoring and leukocyte telomere length (LTL) using PSG and a questionnaire.METHODS: A cross-sectional PSG study embedded in a population-based cohort from the Korean Genome Epidemiology Study was conducted in 2010-2013. During the same period, questionnaire-based interviews, blood collection, and relative LTL assays were conducted. A total of 887 Korean men and women aged 50-79 y with an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) < 15 determined in the PSG study were included in the study.RESULTS: We observed that the percentage of time spent snoring during sleep (% time spent snoring) assessed by PSG was inversely associated with LTL even after adjusting for potential risk factors and AHI. In the linear regression association between tertiles of percentage of time spent snoring and log-transformed LTL, coefficient estimates (P value) were -0.076 (< 0.05) for the second tertile and -0.084 (< 0.01) for the third tertile compared with the bottom tertile. When LTL was compared according to snoring status determined using PSG and questionnaire information, both primary snorers and those with mild sleep apnea (5 ? AHI < 15) had shorter LTL than nonsnorers.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that snoring may influence telomere attrition independent of sleep apnea.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aging', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Leukocytes', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Polysomnography', 'Republic of Korea', 'Risk Factors', 'Sleep', 'Sleep Apnea Syndromes', 'Snoring', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Telomere', 'Telomere Homeostasis']
| 26,715,224
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G07.345.124'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637', 'A15.145.229.637', 'A15.382.490'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.520.625'], ['Z01.252.474.557.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F02.830.855', 'G11.561.803'], ['C08.618.085.852', 'C10.886.425.800.750'], ['C23.888.852.779.850'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.845', 'G05.360.160.845'], ['G04.144.220.625', 'G04.161.750.500.500', 'G05.113.610', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Differences in Language Ability and Emotional-Behavioral Problems according to Symptom Severity in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
|
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate differences in language ability and emotional-behavioral problems according to the severity of social communication impairments (SCI) and restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRB) in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD).MATERIALS AND METHODS: We grouped 113 children with ASD aged 3-12 years according to the severity of SCI and RRB, and investigated language differences and emotional-behavioral problems among the severity groups. If differences in language abilities between the groups were observed, they were further subdivided to examine possible predictors of both receptive and expressive language abilities.RESULTS: In cluster analyses using subdomains of the Autism Diagnostic Interview-revised, severe SCI individuals showed lower language ability than their milder counterparts, while RRB showed no differences. Receptive and expressive language in the severe SCI group was negatively predicted by social communication and social motivation, respectively. The severe RRB group showed significantly higher levels of anxiety/distress, somatic complaints, thought problems, attention problems, and aggressive behavior, while the severe SCI group was reported to be more withdrawn.CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that the severity of SCI greatly affects language ability. In children with severe SCI, social communication and social motivation negatively predicted receptive language and expressive language, respectively. Children with severe RRB may have more emotional-behavioral problems that require active intervention.
|
['Affective Symptoms', 'Autism Spectrum Disorder', 'Child', 'Child Behavior Disorders', 'Child, Preschool', 'Emotions', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Language', 'Language Development', 'Language Development Disorders', 'Male', 'Problem Behavior', 'Severity of Illness Index']
| 32,975,063
|
[['F01.145.126.100'], ['F03.625.164.113'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F03.625.141'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['F01.470'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.209.399', 'L01.559'], ['F01.525.200.310'], ['C10.597.606.150.500.550', 'C23.888.592.604.150.500.550'], ['F01.145.126.972', 'F01.145.179.750'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Double-sector Lorenz plot scattering in an R-R interval analysis of patients with chronic atrial fibrillation: incidence and characteristics of vertices of the double-sector scattering.
|
Animal experiments have demonstrated that the minimum R-R interval during atrial fibrillation is proportional to the functional refractory period of the atrioventricular node. On Lorenz plots, atrial fibrillation is characterized by sector-shaped scattering; the vertex of the sector (ie, the minimum R-R interval) represents the functional refractory period. According to the atrioventricular nodal dual-pathway theory, it was hypothesized that the dual atrioventricular nodal pathways associated with chronic atrial fibrillation represent two vertices with two sectors. Detection of two-sector Lorenz plot scattering was attempted in 48 patients with chronic atrial fibrillation who underwent 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiography. Lorenz plot scattering was constructed by means of a computer. Two sectors, suggesting dual pathways, were detected in 19 (40%) of the 48 patients. The two vertices, located at 388 +/- 61 ms (mean +/- SD) and 580 +/- 60 ms were considered to represent the functional refractory periods of the fast and slow pathways, respectively. The vertex indicating the fast pathway showed greater circadian variation than that indicating the slow pathway. In one patient with dual-sector Lorenz plot scattering, whose atrial fibrillation spontaneously converted to sinus rhythm, an electrophysiologic study demonstrated dual atrioventricular nodal pathways. Thus, the Lorenz plot analysis identified two sectors, indicating the dual pathways, in approximately 40% of the patients with chronic atrial fibrillation, and the characteristics of the functional refractory periods of both pathways were estimated from the characteristics of the vertices. Although this study did not provide direct evidence of the dual atrioventricular nodal pathways, the analysis of Lorenz plot scattering may be clinically useful for studying the effects of drugs and/or ablation on the ventricular response in patients with atrial fibrillation based on the dual atrioventricular nodal pathway theory.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Atrial Fibrillation', 'Chronic Disease', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Electrocardiography, Ambulatory', 'Electrophysiology', 'Female', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Observer Variation', 'Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted']
| 9,682,899
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C14.280.067.198', 'C23.550.073.198'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['E01.370.370.380.240.230', 'E01.370.405.240.230', 'E01.370.520.500.230'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['L01.224.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A genetics-led approach defines the drug target landscape of 30 immune-related traits.
|
Most candidate drugs currently fail later-stage clinical trials, largely due to poor prediction of efficacy on early target selection1. Drug targets with genetic support are more likely to be therapeutically valid2,3, but the translational use of genome-scale data such as from genome-wide association studies for drug target discovery in complex diseases remains challenging4-6. Here, we show that integration of functional genomic and immune-related annotations, together with knowledge of network connectivity, maximizes the informativeness of genetics for target validation, defining the target prioritization landscape for 30 immune traits at the gene and pathway level. We demonstrate how our genetics-led drug target prioritization approach (the priority index) successfully identifies current therapeutics, predicts activity in high-throughput cellular screens (including L1000, CRISPR, mutagenesis and patient-derived cell assays), enables prioritization of under-explored targets and allows for determination of target-level trait relationships. The priority index is an open-access, scalable system accelerating early-stage drug target selection for immune-mediated disease.
|
['Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Drug Discovery', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Gene Regulatory Networks', 'Genome, Human', 'Genome-Wide Association Study', 'Humans', 'Immunity, Innate', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Quantitative Trait Loci', 'Selection, Genetic']
| 31,253,980
|
[['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['E05.295', 'H01.158.703.007.675', 'H01.181.466.675'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.360.080.689.360'], ['G05.360.340.350'], ['E05.318.370.392', 'E05.318.416.249', 'E05.393.385.500', 'E05.393.522.500', 'E05.393.760.640.500', 'N06.850.520.445.392', 'N06.850.520.470.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.450.564'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['G05.360.340.024.380.937'], ['G05.783']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Clinical diagnosis and surgical management of 110 cases of facial nerve schwannomas].
|
Objective: To elucidate the clinical behavior, causes of misdiagnosis, surgical management, and outcomes of facial nerve schwannomas (FNS). Methods: A retrospective review in Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2015 was carried out and evaluated 110 patients with FNS, including 50 males and 60 females, aged 16-67 years old. The appropriate surgical strategy was selected based on each patient's clinical manifestations, facial nerve function, and imaging characteristics. After surgery, patients received follow-up visits to assess their facial nerve functions, with the effect of treatment compared to the reality before surgery. The Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to distinguish between the pre- and post-operation facial nerve functions in patients who had different facial nerve functions before the operations. Results: 110 cases of FNS mainly presented with facial paralysis, hearing loss, tinnitus, otalgia, dizziness, and facial spasm. 20 of the cases were misdiagnosed as Bell's Palsy, 6 were mistaken for chronic otitis media/cholesteatoma with radical mastoidectomy, 3 were mistaken for Meniere's disease, 1 was misdiagnosed as petrous bone cholesteatoma, and 4 were mistaken for acoustic neuroma. 81.8 % (90/110) of the patients had multiple segments of the facial nerve, including the vertical segment of the facial nerve, accounting for 65.5% (72/110), followed by the labyrinthine/geniculate segment, for 61.8% (68/110), and the horizontal segment, for 55.5% (61/110). The appropriate surgical approaches were chosed based on the sizes and scopes of the tumors evaluated by imaging: transmastoid approach in 73 cases, translabyrinthe approach in 14 cases, middle cranial fossa approach in 13 cases, retrosigmoid approach in 3 cases, transmastoid-middle cranial fossa approach in 3 cases, and transmastoid-neck approach in 4 cases, with all the patients undergoing a total/subtotal resection of the tumor. Eighty-seven patients had their facial nerves reconstructed. Among them, 6 received facial nerve end-to-end anastomosis, 55 received great auricular nerve graft, and 26 were subjected to facial nerve-hypoglossal nerve anastomosis. Because of long histories, facial muscle atrophies, or other reasons, the remaining patients were not received facial nerve reconstruction. The House-Brackmann(H-B) grading scale was used to evaluate the facial nerve function pre- and post-operation. Patients with better facial nerve functions and shorter history of facial paralysis before operation would get relatively better facial nerve function. The before and after operation comparisons revealed that the recovery of the facial nerve functions in patients with H-B ?-? was better than the improvement in patients with H-B ?-?. The difference was statistically significant (Kruskal-Wallis H test, H=8.508, P<0.05). Conclusions: The diagnosis of patients with unknown facial paralysis, hearing loss, and tinnitus should take into account the possibility of FNS. CT and other imaging examinations of the temporal bone can avoid misdiagnosis and determine the tumor size and extent of lesions, as well as provide the basis for the choice of the surgical approach. After tumors have been completely resected, facial nerve reconstruction can be performed simultaneously, according to the defect of the nerve.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Anastomosis, Surgical', 'Bell Palsy', 'Cranial Nerve Neoplasms', 'Diagnostic Errors', 'Facial Nerve', 'Facial Nerve Diseases', 'Facial Paralysis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypoglossal Nerve', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neurilemmoma', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 30,776,861
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.035'], ['C01.925.256.466.087', 'C07.465.094', 'C07.465.299.250', 'C10.292.319.250'], ['C04.588.614.300', 'C04.588.614.596.240', 'C10.292.225', 'C10.551.360', 'C10.551.775.250'], ['E01.354', 'N02.421.450.280'], ['A08.800.050.050.275', 'A08.800.050.600.149', 'A08.800.800.060.275', 'A08.800.800.120.250'], ['C07.465.299', 'C10.292.319'], ['C07.465.327', 'C10.597.622.214', 'C23.888.592.636.214'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A08.800.800.120.330'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.595', 'C04.557.580.600.610.595', 'C04.557.580.625.650.595'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Prognostic value of the extent of resection in supratentorial WHO grade II astrocytomas stratified for IDH1 mutation status: a single-center volumetric analysis.
|
Current evidence supports a maximized extent of resection (EOR) in low-grade gliomas (LGG), regardless of different histological subtypes and molecular markers. We therefore evaluated the prognostic impact of extensive, mainly intraoperative (i)MRI-guided surgery in low-grade astrocytomas stratified for IDH1 mutation status. Retrospective assessment of 46 consecutive cases of newly diagnosed supratentorial WHO grade II astrocytomas treated during the last decade was performed. IDH1 mutation status was obtained for all patients. Volumetric analysis of tumor volumes was performed pre-, intra-, early postoperatively and at first follow-up. Survival analysis was conducted with uni-and multivariate regression models implementing clinical parameters and continuous volumetric variables. Median EOR was 90.4 % (range 17.5-100 %) and was increased to 94.9 % (range 34.8-100 %) in iMRI-guided resections (n = 33). A greater EOR was prognostic for increased progression-free survival (HR 0.23, p = 0.031) and time to re-intervention (TTR) (HR 0.23, p = 0.03). In IDH1 mutant patients, smaller residual tumor volumes were associated with increased TTR (HR 1.01, p = 0.03). IDH1 mutation (38/46 cases) was an independent positive prognosticator for overall survival (OS) in multivariate analysis (HR 0.09, p = 0.002), while extensive surgery had limited impact upon OS. In a subgroup of patients with ?40 % EOR (n = 39), however, initial and residual tumor volumes were prognostic for OS (HR 1.03, p = 0.005 and HR 1.08, p = 0.007, respectively), persistent to adjustment for IDH1. No association between EOR and neurologic morbidity was found. In this analysis of low-grade astrocytomas stratified for IDH1, extensive tumor resections were prognostic for progression and TTR and, in patients with ?40 % EOR, for OS.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Astrocytoma', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Isocitrate Dehydrogenase', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mutation', 'Prognosis', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Supratentorial Neoplasms', 'Survival Analysis', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 27,344,556
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380.080', 'C04.557.470.670.380.080', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.682.047.820.475'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.590'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['C04.588.614.250.195.885', 'C10.228.140.211.885', 'C10.551.240.250.700'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Analysis of veterinary drug residues in fish and shrimp composites collected during the Canadian Total Diet Study, 1993-2004.
|
Thirty shrimp, marine fish, freshwater fish, and canned fish composite samples collected and prepared as part of the Canadian Total Diet Study were analysed for 39 different veterinary drug residues. The analyses were undertaken to obtain baseline data that could be used to estimate the dietary exposure of Canadians to these residues. The most frequently observed residue was AOZ (four out of 30 samples), the metabolite of furazolidone, at a range of 0.50 to 2.0 ng g(-1) wet weight. Other residues detected included enrofloxacin (three samples; 0.3-0.73 ng g(-1)), leucomalachite green (three samples; 0.73-1.2 ng g(-1)), oxolinic acid (two samples; 0.3-4.3 ng g(-1)), AMOZ (the metabolite of furaltadone; one sample; 0.40 ng g(-1)), chloramphenicol (one sample; 0.40 ng g(-1)), and SEM (the metabolite of nitrofurazone; one sample; 0.8 ng g(-1)). The results of this survey indicate that Canadians are exposed to low ng g-1 concentrations of some banned and unapproved veterinary drug residues via the consumption of certain fish and shrimp.
|
['Animals', 'Aquaculture', 'Canada', 'Drug Residues', 'Fishes', 'Food Analysis', 'Food Contamination', 'Penaeidae', 'Seafood', 'Veterinary Drugs']
| 17,164,212
|
[['B01.050'], ['J01.040.168'], ['Z01.107.567.176'], ['N06.850.460.200.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.493'], ['E05.362', 'J01.576.423.850.100'], ['J01.576.423.850.730.500.249', 'N06.850.460.400', 'N06.850.601.500.249'], ['B01.050.500.131.365.190.660'], ['G07.203.300.600.875', 'J02.500.600.875'], ['D26.939']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[Squamous cell carcinoma in the area of the parotid gland. Metastasis or primary tumor?].
|
A total of 61 patients with a histological diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the parotid gland were studied. The patients were classified into three categories. There were 34 patients with a metastasis to the parotid gland from a squamous cell carcinoma elsewhere within the head and neck who presented on average 2.1 years (range 3 months to 7 years) after diagnosis of the primary tumour; in one case a salivary gland tumor presented 32 years after irradiation of a squamous cell carcinoma of the temple. Six patients had histological evidence of a metastasis within the parotid gland, but no evidence of a primary tumour. Twenty-one patients presented with a primary epidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland. Two patients showed a primary squamous cell carcinoma of the parotid arising in myoepithelial sialadenitis.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymph Nodes', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Parotid Gland', 'Parotid Neoplasms']
| 2,228,743
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A10.549.400', 'A15.382.520.604.412'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A03.556.500.760.464', 'A10.336.779.464', 'A14.549.760.464'], ['C04.588.443.591.824.695', 'C07.465.530.824.695', 'C07.465.815.470.770', 'C07.465.815.718.589']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
To evaluate efficacy and safety of amphotericin B in two different doses in the treatment of post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL).
|
BACKGROUND: Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a skin disorder that usually occurs among patients with a past history of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Cases are also reported without a history of VL. There is no satisfactory treatment regimen available at present. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of amphotericin B in two different doses (0.5mg/kg vs 1mg/kg) in a prospective randomized trial in 50 PKDL patients.METHODS: In this open label study 50 patients with PKDL, aged between 5-60 years were randomized in two groups. Group A received amphotericin B in the dose of 0.5 mg/kg in 5% dextrose, daily for 20 infusions for 3 courses at an interval of 15 days between each course and Group B received amphotericin B in the dose of 1mg/kg in 5% dextrose on alternate days, 20 infusions for 3 courses an interval of 15 days between each course and followed up for one year.RESULTS: A total of 50 patients were enrolled, 25 in each of group A and group B. Two patients lost to follow up and three patients withdrew consent due to adverse events. The initial cure rate was 92% in group A and 88% in group B by intention to treat analysis and final cure rate by per protocol analysis was 95.65% and 95.45% in group A and group B respectively. Two patients each from either group relapsed. Nephrotoxicity was the most common adverse event occurring in both the groups.CONCLUSION: The lower dose appears to have fewer adverse events however, nephrotoxicity remains a problem in both regimens. The 0.5mg/kg regimen may be considered instead of the higher dosage however safer treatments remain critical for PKDL treatment.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Amphotericin B', 'Antiprotozoal Agents', 'Child', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Leishmania', 'Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous', 'Leishmaniasis, Visceral', 'Male', 'Parasite Load', 'Renal Insufficiency', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 28,355,259
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D02.540.576.500.500'], ['D27.505.954.122.250.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.268.475.868.488'], ['C01.610.752.300.500.400', 'C01.610.858.560.400', 'C01.920.813.400', 'C17.800.838.775.560.400'], ['C01.610.752.300.500.510', 'C01.920.813.510'], ['E01.370.225.932', 'E05.200.932'], ['C12.777.419.780', 'C13.351.968.419.780'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
"Two-in-one" fabrication of Fe3O4/MePEG-PLA composite nanocapsules as a potential ultrasonic/MRI dual contrast agent.
|
A new method for the fabrication of Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles enveloped by polymeric nanocapsules is proposed. This method is characterized by combining a double emulsification with the interfacial coprecipitation of iron salts to form Fe(3)O(4)/polymer composite nanocapsules in a single step. To demonstrate the viability of this approach, methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactide) (MePLEG) was chosen as the shell material for Fe(3)O(4)/MePLEG nanocapsules. In addition to the versatility offered for fabricating nanocapsules with different shell materials, the method was found to be convenient for adjusting the magnetite content of the nanocapsules from 0 to 43%. In addition to their confirmed T(2)-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enhancement, the resultant composite nanocapsules display much more obvious acoustic responses than MePLEG nanocapsules in an acoustic investigation. Furthermore, the low toxicity of these composite nanocapsules, as confirmed by our study, combined with their magnetic and acoustic properties ensure that these composite nanocapsules have great potential in acting as ultrasonic/MRI dual contrast agents.
|
['Contrast Media', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Magnetite Nanoparticles', 'Nanocapsules', 'Particle Size', 'Polyesters', 'Polyethylene Glycols', 'Surface Properties', 'Ultrasonography']
| 21,863,846
|
[['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['J01.637.512.600.500.144.500'], ['D26.255.260.575', 'E02.319.300.380.575', 'J01.637.512.600.575'], ['G02.712'], ['D05.750.728', 'D25.720.728', 'J01.637.051.720.728'], ['D02.033.455.250.700', 'D05.750.741', 'D25.720.741', 'J01.637.051.720.741'], ['G02.860'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of the synthetic NC-1059 peptide on diffusion of riboflavin across an intact corneal epithelium.
|
PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of the peptide NC-1059 on riboflavin (RF) diffusion across an intact corneal epithelium into the stroma.METHODS: NC-1059 peptide was synthesized by solid-phase synthesis with 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl chemistry, characterized by reversed-phase HPLC, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy. The diffusion of RF across embryonic day 18 chick corneal epithelium ex vivo was monitored using confocal microscopy. The depth distributions of RF in the corneal stroma were calculated using a group of linear equations based on the relationship between RF fluorescence intensity and concentration.RESULTS: Data presented in this study demonstrate that the NC-1059 peptide can transiently open the intact epithelial barrier to allow the permeation of RF into the stroma. The effect of NC-1059 peptide on RF diffusion across the corneal epithelium was concentration and time dependent. The amount of RF reaching a 50-ìm depth of chick corneal stoma increased dramatically after exposure to NC-1059 for 10 minutes, reaching a plateau by 30 minutes. The concentrations of RF in the presence of NC-1059 at corneal stromal depths of 50, 100, and 150 ìm were significantly higher than in the absence of the peptide, and almost as high as in corneas in which the epithelium first had been physically removed. In addition, a cell viability assay indicated that the NC-1059 peptide did not kill corneal epithelial cells.CONCLUSIONS: NC-1059 peptide significantly enhances the diffusion of RF across intact corneal epithelium into the stroma.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Membrane Permeability', 'Chick Embryo', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Corneal Stroma', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Epithelium, Corneal', 'Flavin Mononucleotide', 'Ion Channels', 'Ion Transport', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Models, Animal', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization', 'Time Factors']
| 22,447,859
|
[['B01.050'], ['G03.143.335', 'G04.175'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['A09.371.060.217.228'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['A09.371.060.217.325', 'A10.272.510'], ['D03.633.100.733.315.650.500', 'D03.633.300.507.650.500', 'D08.211.474.650.500', 'D13.695.827.349', 'D23.767.405.650.500'], ['D12.776.157.530.400', 'D12.776.543.550.450', 'D12.776.543.585.400'], ['G03.143.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['E05.598'], ['E05.196.566.755'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A nationwide sampling of fast-food fried chicken: starch and moisture content.
|
A nationwide sampling plan was executed to estimate the nutrient composition of fast-food fried chicken in the United States. Ninety-four composite samples were selected from major chains in 10 cities. Starch contents were determined using a modified American Association of Cereal Chemists method. The amount of glucose formed during enzymatic hydrolysis was quantified either by a gas-liquid-chromatographic or a high-performance liquid chromatographic technique. The starch content ranged from 6% to 13% (wet weight basis). Moisture was determined by both microwave and vacuum oven methods; levels ranged from 38% to 49%. Analysis of variance for both starch and moisture indicated that starch was significantly (p less than .01) higher for light cuts than for dark cuts across all brands. Extra crispy recipes were significantly higher in starch than other recipes. Light cuts were significantly (p less than .01) lower in moisture than dark cuts. In addition, significant differences existed among brands. However, no significant difference was found between samples within a brand obtained from the five regions.
|
['Animals', 'Chickens', 'Cooking', 'Food Analysis', 'Starch', 'Water']
| 3,584,754
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['J01.576.423.200.200'], ['E05.362', 'J01.576.423.850.100'], ['D05.750.078.562.855', 'D09.301.915', 'D09.698.365.855'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Antioxidant activity of Artemisia douglasiana besser extract and dehydroleucodine.
|
The charge (relative concentration) of antioxidants in aqueous extract and dehydroleucodine (DhL) from Artemisia douglasiana Besser was determined employing a procedure based on the quenching of luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence. Total reactive antioxidant potential (TRAP) and total antioxidant reactivity (TAR) values were determined. The data reported in the present work indicate that the extract of Artemisia douglasiana Besser and DhL showed antioxidant capacity. This activity is more pronounced in the extract, suggesting the presence of several antioxidants in Artemisia douglasiana.
|
['Anti-Ulcer Agents', 'Antioxidants', 'Artemisia', 'Humans', 'Lactones', 'Luminescent Measurements', 'Plant Extracts', 'Plants, Medicinal', 'Sesquiterpenes']
| 11,054,852
|
[['D27.505.954.483.203'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.100.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.540'], ['E05.196.712.516'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['B01.650.560'], ['D02.455.849.765']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparison of Newborn Hearing Screening in Well-Baby Nursery and NICU: A Study Applied to Reduce Referral Rate in NICU.
|
OBJECTIVES: To determine whether newborn hearing screening in a well-baby nursery (WBN) and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) nursery: 1) meet three targeted, screening, referral, and diagnostic follow-up rates; 2) compare the average age of diagnosis for infants admitted to the WIN and NICU; and 3) determine prevalence of hearing loss in neonatal population; and 4) try to find a practical newborn hearing screening time algorithm to reduce refer rate in NICU.MATERIALS AND METHODS: It examined 15,624 newborns in the WBN (13,676) and NICU (1948) screened for congenital HL using AABR. The variables analyzed in it were the screening rate, referral rate, follow-up rate, diagnostic rate and diagnostic age, prevalence rate, degrees of congenital bilateral HL. The study was approved by the hospital's institutional review board (13MMHISO23).RESULTS: The screening rates were 99.8% and 99.6% in the WBN and NICU groups, respectively, without significant difference. The referral rates were 0.7% and 2.8% in the WBN and NICU groups, with significant difference. Furthermore, the diagnostic follow-up rates were 76.7% and 89.1% in the WBN and NICU groups, without significant difference. The average initial diagnostic ages were 1.9 months and 3.8 months in the WBN and NICU groups, with significant difference. The prevalence of congenital bilateral hearing loss were 0.27% and 1.6% in the WBN and NICU groups, with significant difference.CONCLUSION: The screening, referral and follow-up rate in the WBN and NICU groups were equivalent to the quality indicators. For NICU group, screening and diagnostic follow up were performed later than those in WBN group; however the lower referral rate in our NICU group was successfully achieved in this study and can be applied clinically. The prevalence of congenital bilateral hearing loss was higher in the NICU group than in the WBN group.
|
['Hearing', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Intensive Care Units, Neonatal', 'Neonatal Screening', 'Nurseries, Infant', 'Outpatients', 'Patient Discharge', 'Referral and Consultation']
| 27,023,324
|
[['F02.830.816.263', 'G07.888.500', 'G11.561.790.263'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['N02.278.388.493.390.380'], ['E01.370.225.910', 'E01.370.500.580', 'E05.200.910', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443.816', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500.575', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580.580', 'N06.850.780.500.580'], ['J03.160.500', 'N02.278.617', 'N02.421.143.098.500'], ['M01.643.630'], ['E02.760.169.125', 'E02.760.400.610', 'N02.421.585.169.125', 'N02.421.585.400.610', 'N04.590.233.727.210.125'], ['N04.452.758.849']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Prehabilitation for adults diagnosed with cancer: A systematic review of long-term physical function, nutrition and patient-reported outcomes.
|
OBJECTIVE: Prehabilitation is increasingly being used to mitigate treatment-related complications and enhance recovery. An individual's state of health at diagnosis, including obesity, physical fitness and comorbidities, are influencing factors for the occurrence of adverse effects. This review explores whether prehabilitation works in improving health outcomes at or beyond the initial 30 days post-treatment and considers the utility of prehabilitation before cancer treatment.METHODS: A database search was conducted for articles published with prehabilitation as a pre-cancer treatment intervention between 2009 and 2017. Studies with no 30 days post-treatment data were excluded. Outcomes post-prehabilitation were extracted for physical function, nutrition and patient-reported outcomes.RESULTS: Sixteen randomised controlled trials with a combined 2017 participants and six observational studies with 289 participants were included. Prehabilitation interventions provided multi-modality components including exercise, nutrition and psychoeducational aspects. Prehabilitation improved gait, cardiopulmonary function, urinary continence, lung function and mood 30 days post-treatment but was not consistent across studies.CONCLUSION: When combined with rehabilitation, greater benefits were seen in 30-day gait and physical functioning compared to prehabilitation alone. Large-scale randomised studies are required to translate what is already known from feasibility studies to improve overall health and increase long-term cancer patient outcomes.
|
['Affect', 'Exercise Therapy', 'Gait', 'Humans', 'Neoplasms', 'Nutrition Therapy', 'Patient Reported Outcome Measures', 'Physical Fitness', 'Physical Functional Performance', 'Respiratory Function Tests']
| 30,859,650
|
[['F01.470.047'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.387', 'E02.779.483', 'E02.831.535.483'], ['E01.370.600.250', 'G11.427.410.568.900.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04'], ['E02.642'], ['E05.318.308.980.344.500', 'N03.349.380.210.750', 'N04.761.559.590.399.875', 'N05.425.210.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.344.500', 'N05.715.360.575.575.399.875', 'N06.850.520.308.980.344.500'], ['G11.427.685', 'I03.450.642.845.054.800', 'N01.400.545'], ['N01.400.545.750'], ['E01.370.386.700']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Clinical technology assessment, cost-effective adoption, and quality management by hospitals in the 1990s.
|
Technology assessment in the 1990s must become an integral part of a hospital's strategic priority goals, with active participation of physicians and top management. Technology assessment should involve a wide range of criteria and health care consumer expectations, so that the appropriateness, effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and quality improvement aspects of new technologies are all considered. Mount Carmel Health's Advanced Treatment and Bionics Institute (ATBI), established in 1986, monitors significant developments in new technologies and performs technology and outcomes assessments. ATBI activities, which have facilitated adoption of 35 treatment-based projects, are integrated into the existing QA structure of Mount Carmel hospitals. Through resolution of identified problems, quality care can be promoted, while providing patients innovative medical treatments.
|
['Academies and Institutes', 'Ambulatory Care', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Hospital Administration', 'Humans', 'Ohio', 'Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care', 'Quality Control', 'Technology Assessment, Biomedical']
| 2,120,659
|
[['N03.540.052'], ['E02.760.106', 'N02.421.585.106'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['H02.309', 'N02.278.216.500', 'N04.452.442.452'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.512', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.540', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.540'], ['N04.761.559', 'N05.715.360.575'], ['J01.897.608'], ['N03.880', 'N05.715.360.825']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[The circumferential decompression by posterior transpedicular osteotomy and segmental instrumentation with interbody fusion for thoracic ossification of posterior iongitudinal ligament].
|
OBJECTIVE: To observe the efficacy of the circumferential decompression with posterior transpedicular osteotomy and segmental instrumentation with interbody fusion for thoracic ossification of posterior Iongitudinal ligament (T-OPLL).METHODS: From May 2012 to June 2015, 16 consecutive patients underwent posterior transpedicular osteotomy and segmental instrumentation with interbody fusion.Osteotomy range was depended by length and types of OPLL.Patient's data included level, clinical presentation, blood loss, length of surgery, complications, VAS, JOA, and Frankel grading system before and after the surgery. All data were collected, retrospectively.RESULTS: The follow-up period was (30±19) months (range from 12 to 50 months). The operation time was (261.6±51.3) min (range from 190 to 310 min). The blood loss was (980.3±370.5) ml (range from 600 to 2 100 ml). All patients were well treated with posterior compression and segmental instrumentation with interbody fusion.The VAS score was (4.2±0.2) in all patients at a week, improving to (2.7±0.1) points at 3 months, (2.4±0.2) at 1 year, and (2.0±0.1) at last fellow-up.The statistical analysis of the results showed a significant improvement of pain at 3 months (P<0.05) when compared to the preoperative status.The preoperative JOA score was (4.2±1.7) in all patients, improving to (7.8±2.5) points at 3 months, (8.5±2.7) at 1 year, and (9.0±1.0) at last fellow-up.The mean recovery rate for the total JOA score was (72%±8%). Differences in the overall JOA Scores showed significant postoperative improvement.Frankel grade improved by either 1 or 2 grades in 16 patients at the last follow-up.None of the patients showed any signs of instrument migration or failure during follow-up.CONCLUSION: The results suggested that the procedure achieved a total resection of the ossified posterior longitudinal ligament.The treatment method with posterior transpedicular osteotomy and circumferential decompression was found to be safe, effective, reliable, and technically feasible.
|
['Decompression, Surgical', 'Humans', 'Ligaments', 'Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament', 'Osteotomy', 'Pain', 'Physical Examination', 'Postoperative Period', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Thoracic Vertebrae', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 27,117,367
|
[['E04.188'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.513', 'A10.165.669'], ['C05.116.900.480', 'C23.550.751.500'], ['E04.555.580'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['E01.370.600'], ['E04.614.750', 'N02.421.585.753.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['A02.835.232.834.892'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Breakdown of the herbicide pyramin by micro-organisms of the soil (author's transl)].
|
The herbicide Pyramin, which is employed in the cultivation of beets to combat broad-leaf weeds, contains the herbicidal substance 5-amino-4-chloro-2-phenyl-3 (2H) pyridazinone, abbreviated pyrazone. The breakdown of pyrazone in the soil was investigated and it was found that this substance disappears relatively quickly and that the dephenylated heterocycle of pyrazone 5-amino-4-chloro-3 (2H) pyridazinone is obtained as transformation product. It was possible to isolate bacteria, which grow on pyrazone as the only carbon source, from soil samples originating from different parts of the world. Four compounds are excreted during the cultivation of pyrazone-degrading bacteria in a pyrazone mineral salt medium. With the aid of the structure of these metabolites and enzymatic tests, a scheme for the bacterial breakdown of pyrazone is proposed.
|
['Bacteria', 'Biodegradation, Environmental', 'Chemical Phenomena', 'Chemistry', 'Herbicides', 'Pyridazines', 'Soil Microbiology', 'Temperature']
| 998,042
|
[['B03'], ['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['G02'], ['H01.181'], ['D27.720.031.700.366', 'D27.888.723.366'], ['D03.383.710'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.555', 'N06.850.425.300'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Rat gastroduodenal motility in vivo: involvement of NO and ATP in spontaneous motor activity.
|
Our studies of fasted anesthetized rats have shown that all spontaneous relaxations of the antrum are nitric oxide (NO) dependent. Duodenal motility is patterned into propagating "grouped" motor activity interposed with "intergroup" periods of nonpropagating motor activity; in the duodenum, only intergroup relaxations are NO dependent. We examined the involvement of NO and ATP in spontaneous motor activities of the gastroduodenum in vivo: contractions and relaxations were recorded and analyzed simultaneously from the antrum (S1) and proximal duodenum (D1) of anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 10/group), using extraluminal foil strain gauges. Treatment with the NO synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 10 mg/kg iv) attenuated (P < 0.05) antral and intergroup relaxations, whereas grouped relaxations were enhanced (P < 0.05). These effects were reversed with L-arginine (300 mg/kg iv). L-NAME also increased (P < 0.05) the amplitude of duodenal contractions. ATP (8 mg. kg-1. min-1 iv) stimulated relaxations at S1 and D1 that were blocked by the P2-purinoceptor antagonist suramin (60 mg/kg iv). This treatment did not affect spontaneous antral relaxations; however, duodenal grouped relaxations were attenuated. Desensitization to the P2x-purinoceptor agonist alpha,beta-methylene ATP (300 micrograms/kg iv) gave results similar to suramin. In contrast, the P2y-purinoceptor agonist 2-methylthio-ATP (2-MeS-ATP; 360 micrograms/kg iv) evoked duodenal relaxations that were attenuated by L-NAME, and desensitization to 2-MeS-ATP attenuated intergroup relaxations. Spontaneous relaxations of the rat antrum and duodenal intergroup relaxations are NO dependent. Both gut regions relax in response to systemically administered ATP; this response is sensitive to suramin. Grouped duodenal relaxations display functional sensitivity to suramin and P2x- purinoceptor desensitization, indicative of the involvement of ATP and P2x purinoceptors. P2y purinoceptors must also be present; however, these occur on elements releasing NO. Although NO does not mediate grouped relaxations or duodenal contractions, the sensitivity of these responses to L-NAME indicates that the pathway(s) controlling these responses is modulated by NO.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Animals', 'Arginine', 'Carbachol', 'Duodenum', 'Gastrointestinal Motility', 'Male', 'Muscle Relaxation', 'Muscle, Smooth', 'Myoelectric Complex, Migrating', 'NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase', 'Papaverine', 'Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists', 'Pyloric Antrum', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptors, Purinergic P2', 'Stomach', 'Suramin', 'Thionucleotides']
| 9,815,016
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.125.068.050', 'D12.125.095.104', 'D12.125.142.087'], ['D02.092.877.883.333.115', 'D02.675.276.232.115'], ['A03.556.124.684.124', 'A03.556.875.249'], ['G10.261.360'], ['G11.427.494.554'], ['A02.633.570', 'A10.690.467'], ['G07.265.675.775', 'G10.261.360.570', 'G11.427.494.730', 'G11.561.570.837'], ['D12.125.068.050.525', 'D12.125.095.104.525'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772'], ['D03.132.098.666', 'D03.132.577.750', 'D03.633.100.531.085.666'], ['D27.505.519.625.725.400.200', 'D27.505.696.577.725.400.200'], ['A03.556.875.875.716'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.700.720', 'D12.776.543.750.720.700.720'], ['A03.556.875.875'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.555.750', 'D02.886.645.600.080.050.650.750', 'D04.615.638.555.750'], ['D02.886.765', 'D13.695.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Predicting Adverse Outcomes in Heart Failure Patients Using Different Frailty Status Measures.
|
Frailty is an important outcome predictor in older patients. We randomly sampled 12,000 veterans with heart failure diagnosed in 2010. The topic modeling method was applied to identify frailty-related topics from the clinical notes in the electronic medical records. The frailty topics were classified into five deficit areas including physical functioning (PF), role-physical (RP), general health (GH), social functioning (SF), and mental health (MH). We experimented with different covariates and four different frailty measures: individual frailty topics, number of distinct frailty topics, a dichotomous deficit category, and the number of distinct deficits, respectively. A total of 8,531 (71.1%) patients had at least one frailty topic. The prevalence of GH, PF, MH, SF, and RP deficits were 89.0%, 61.3%, 56.9%, 40.6%, and 9.5%, respectively. PF deficits (yes/no) and the number of distinct deficits were the most consistent, significant predictors of adverse outcomes of rehosptalization or death.
|
['Aged', 'Frail Elderly', 'Frailty', 'Geriatric Assessment', 'Heart Failure', 'Humans', 'Mental Health', 'Prevalence']
| 29,295,109
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.540'], ['C23.550.359'], ['E05.318.308.225', 'I01.240.425.350', 'N01.224.425.350', 'N05.715.360.300.360', 'N06.850.505.400.425.350', 'N06.850.520.308.225'], ['C14.280.434'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.418', 'N01.400.500'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Knockdown of Long Non-Coding RNA (lncRNA) Colon Cancer-Associated Transcript-1 (CCAT1) Suppresses Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Proliferation, Invasion, and Migration by Inhibiting the Discoidin Domain Receptor 2 (DDR2)/ERK/AKT Axis.
|
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence shows that lncRNAs are involved in carcinogenesis or suppression in diverse cancers. This study assessed the biological role of lncRNA CCAT1 in OSCC and explored the underlying molecule mechanism. MATERIAL AND METHODS CCAT1 and DDR2 expression was measured by qRT-PCR. Colony formation assay and CCK-8 assay were performed to evaluate cell proliferation. Cell cycle was determined by flow cytometric analysis and Western blot analysis. In addition, wound healing and Transwell assay were used to assess cell migration and invasion, respectively. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay were employed to identify the interaction between DDR2 and CCAT1. Protein levels involved in DDR2/ERK/AKT pathway were estimated by Western blot assay. RESULTS The findings revealed that CCAT1expression was upregulated in OSCC cell lines. Knockdown of CCAT1 repressed cell proliferation, blocked the cell cycle, and suppressed the invasion and migration of TCA-8113 cells. Moreover, DDR2 expression in OSCC cell lines was downregulated and CCAT1 silencing repressed the expression of DDR2. RIP assays validated the binding of CCAT1 and DDR2 protein. Moreover, CCAT1 silencing suppressed the ERK/AKT signaling through DDR2 in TCA-8113 cells. CONCLUSIONS Downregulation of CCAT1 suppressed TCA-8113 cell proliferation, invasion, and migration by inactivation of the ERK/AKT pathway via inhibition of DDR2, suggesting the value of CCAT1 in diagnosis and treatment of patients with OSCC.
|
['Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Cell Cycle', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Discoidin Domain Receptor 2', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Gene Knockdown Techniques', 'Gene Silencing', 'Humans', 'MAP Kinase Signaling System', 'Mouth Neoplasms', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Protein Binding', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'RNA, Long Noncoding', 'Up-Regulation']
| 32,009,633
|
[['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['G04.144'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.005.750', 'D12.776.543.750.630.005.750', 'D12.776.543.750.685.050.750', 'D12.776.543.750.705.880.300.750'], ['G05.308.370'], ['E05.393.335.500'], ['G05.308.203.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.820.560', 'G03.493.560', 'G04.835.560'], ['C04.588.443.591', 'C07.465.530'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.755', 'D12.776.476.565', 'D12.776.624.664.700.168'], ['D13.444.735.790.375'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Housewife onycholysis.
|
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological aspects of onycholysis in Iraqi housewives.METHODS: One hundred housewives with onycholysis of the finger nails were evaluated clinically in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq between October 2002 to March 2003. Swabs were taken from those patients for microbiological evaluation in the Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. All cases with skin disorder related systemic diseases like anemia, hypothyroidism and drug intake like minocycline, oral contraceptives were excluded from the study.RESULTS: One hundred housewives with onycholysis were enrolled in the study. Their ages ranged between 17-70 years with a mean of 41.96 +/- 12.57 years. Married females were 89 (89%), while unmarried females were 11 (11%). The site of involvement was mainly the thumb (76%) followed by the ring finger (12%), the index (7%), little (6%) and middle (5%) fingers. The pattern of onycholysis was distal in 47 (47%), lateral in 30 (30%) and both distal and lateral in 23 (23%) of the patients.CONCLUSION: Onycholysis is a major problem among Iraqi housewives, most probably caused by repetitive mechanical, chemical and physical trauma; therefore, special preventive measures should be undertaken to minimize the incidence of the disease. Housewives should be encouraged to use preventive measures like using gloves and washing machines.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Distribution', 'Aged', 'Bacterial Infections', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Hand Dermatoses', 'Housekeeping', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Iraq', 'Middle Aged', 'Nail Diseases', 'Occupational Diseases', 'Risk Factors', 'Severity of Illness Index']
| 16,155,665
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C01.150.252'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['C17.800.338'], ['N02.508'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['Z01.252.245.500.360'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C17.800.529'], ['C24'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Fatty acid composition and CD36 expression in breast adipose tissue of premenopausal and postmenopausal women.
|
UNLABELLED: The mammary gland is an organ under complex hormonal and developmental regulation. Among the mediators involved in this process are polypeptides, steroid hormones and certain lipids and their metabolites. The fatty acid content of the breast adipocytes is investigated because of the importance of their role in the proliferation and differentiation of the breast epithelial cells.MATERIALS AND METHODS: To address the hypothesis that polyunsaturated acid might be a risk factor for breast cancer, we examined the association between arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) and menopausal status in the women using lipid extraction from isolated human adipocytes and CD36 detection on a FACS flow cytometer.RESULTS: Compared with the related trigycerides, phospholipids in postmenopausal women contained a higher proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids like arachidonic acid, a precursor of eicosanoids, required for many physiological roles in reproduction and implicated in the proliferation of several cell types. In order to determine the mechanisms explaining the difference in the fatty acid and long-chain fatty acid composition, we have studied the relationship between CD 36 protein and menopausal status. Menopause in women seemed to be associated with a diminuation of the amount of CD 36 protein of adipocytes (48.82 +/- 3.54% versus 20.01 +/- 0.04%) and also associated with the increased percentage of arachidonic acid observed in postmenopausal women. Our data and others led us to conclude that the variation in the composition of fatty acids can act directly on the phenomena of growth and differentiation of mammary epithelial cells and the variation in CD 36 may act either on the transport of fatty acids or on the transduction of the signal responsible for the stimulation of enzymes catalysing the conversion of arachidonic acid into different metabolites. These two phenomena could influence the risk of breast cancer in pre- and postmenopausal women.
|
['Adipose Tissue', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Breast', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'CD36 Antigens', 'Fatty Acids', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Postmenopause', 'Premenopause', 'Triglycerides']
| 9,137,475
|
[['A10.165.114'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A01.236'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['D12.776.157.530.300.500', 'D12.776.395.550.625.136', 'D12.776.543.550.625.136', 'D12.776.543.585.300.500', 'D12.776.543.750.011', 'D12.776.543.750.705.675.136', 'D12.776.543.750.705.940.625.249', 'D12.776.543.750.710.450.750.625.249'], ['D10.251'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G08.686.157.500.625', 'G08.686.841.249.500.625'], ['G08.686.157.500.812', 'G08.686.841.249.500.812'], ['D10.351.801']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Patient characteristics associated with care by a cardiologist among adults hospitalized with severe congestive heart failure. SUPPORT Investigators. Study to Understand Prognoses and Preferences for Outcomes and Risks of Treatments.
|
OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to determine factors associated with receiving cardiologist care among patients with an acute exacerbation of congestive heart failure.BACKGROUND: Because cardiologist care for acute cardiovascular illness may improve care, barriers to specialty care could impact patient outcomes.METHODS: We studied 1,298 patients hospitalized with acute exacerbation of congestive heart failure who were cared for by cardiologists or generalist physicians. Using multivariable logistic models we determined factors independently associated with attending cardiologist care.RESULTS: Patients were less likely to receive care from a cardiologist if they were black (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 0.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.35, 0.80), had an income of less than $11,000 (AOR 0.65, 95% CI 0.45, 0.93) or were older than 80 years of age (AOR 0.23, 95% CI 0.12, 0.46). Patients were more likely to receive cardiologist care if they had college level education (AOR 1.89, 95% CI 1.02, 3.51), a history of myocardial infarction (AOR 1.59, 95% CI 1.17, 2.16), a serum sodium less than 133 on admission (AOR 1.96, 95% CI 1.30, 2.95) or a systolic blood pressure less than 90 on admission (AOR 1.97, 95% CI 1.20, 3.24). Patients who stated a desire for life extending care were also more likely to receive care from a cardiologist (AOR 1.40, 95% CI 1.04, 1.90).CONCLUSIONS: After adjusting for severity of illness and patient preferences for care, patient sociodemographic factors were strongly associated with receiving care from a cardiologist. Future investigations are required to determine whether these associations represent unmeasured preferences for care or inequities in our health care system.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cardiology', 'Female', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Heart Failure', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Inpatients', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'United States', 'Workforce']
| 11,127,450
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['H02.403.429.163'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['C14.280.434'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.643.470'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['N04.452.525']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Structural characterization of VapB46 antitoxin from Mycobacterium tuberculosis: insights into VapB46-DNA binding.
|
The ability to form persister cells by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a prime cause for the emergence of drug-resistant strains. A large number of toxin-antitoxin systems in the Mtb genome are postulated to promote bacterial persistence. The largest family of toxin-antitoxin systems encoded in the genome of Mtb is VapBC, with 47 VapBC toxin-antitoxin systems regulated by VapB antitoxins. In this study, we characterized the structure of VapB46 antitoxin and determined its interaction with its cognate DNA sequence. Using electrophoretic mobility shift assay and DNase I footprinting we showed that VapB46 binds to two sites in the upstream promoter-operator region. Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based structural studies we found that VapB46 has a well-folded dimeric N-terminal domain, which contains a Phd/YefM motif and is involved in DNA binding. The remaining C-terminal residues are disordered but promote higher order oligomerization of VapB46. We propose a DNA-binding model in which tetrameric VapB46 binds to the two sites in its promoter-operator region, with each site bound by its dimeric N-terminal domain.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Antitoxins', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Bacterial Toxins', 'Binding Sites', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Models, Molecular', 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis', 'Operon', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Sequence Homology']
| 30,576,065
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.573.601', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.573.601', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.573.601', 'D20.215.401.601'], ['D12.776.097'], ['D23.946.123'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['D12.776.260'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['E05.599.595'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.702', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.702'], ['G05.360.340.024.686', 'G05.360.340.358.207.500'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['G02.111.810', 'G05.810']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Damage to the endothelium in Sj?gren's syndrome: lack of correlation with antinuclear antibody titre and presence of antibodies to SSA or SSB autoantigens.
|
Serum levels of von Willebrand factor antigen (as an index of damage to the endothelium) and tissue antinuclear antibodies and antibodies to SSA (Ro) (which have been associated with vasculitis) and SSB (La) autoantigens were measured in patients with Sj?gren's syndrome. Although high levels of all indices were recorded, there were no intercorrelations. This provides evidence that although tissue autoantibodies may be useful in confirming a diagnosis, they have no place in the pathological course of the disease and so may be an epiphenomenon.
|
['Antibodies, Antinuclear', 'Antigens', 'Autoantibodies', 'Endothelium', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Humans', "Sjogren's Syndrome", 'von Willebrand Factor']
| 1,575,588
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323.204', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323.204', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323.204'], ['D23.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323'], ['A10.272.491'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.550.114.154.774', 'C05.799.114.774', 'C07.465.815.929.669', 'C11.496.260.719', 'C17.300.775.099.774', 'C20.111.199.774'], ['D12.776.124.125.920', 'D23.119.985']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Riluzole reduces amyloid beta pathology, improves memory, and restores gene expression changes in a transgenic mouse model of early-onset Alzheimer's disease.
|
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents a major healthcare burden with no effective treatment. The glutamate modulator, riluzole, was shown to reverse many AD-related gene expression changes and improve cognition in aged rats. However, riluzole's effect on amyloid beta (Aâ) pathology, a major histopathological hallmark of AD, remains unclear. 5XFAD transgenic mice, which harbor amyloid â precursor protein (APP) and presenilin mutations and exhibit early Aâ accumulation, were treated with riluzole from 1 to 6 months of age. Riluzole significantly enhanced cognition and reduced Aâ42, Aâ40, Aâ oligomers levels, and Aâ plaque load in 5XFAD mice. RNA-Sequencing showed that riluzole reversed many gene expression changes observed in the hippocampus of 5XFAD mice, predominantly in expression of canonical gene markers for microglia, specifically disease-associated microglia (DAM), as well as neurons and astrocytes. Central to the cognitive improvements observed, riluzole reversed alterations in NMDA receptor subunits gene expression, which are essential for learning and memory. These data demonstrate that riluzole exerts a disease modifying effect in an Aâ mouse model of early-onset familial AD.
|
['Alzheimer Disease', 'Animals', 'Astrocytes', 'Cognition', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Gene Expression', 'Hippocampus', 'Male', 'Memory', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Microglia', 'Plaque, Amyloid', 'Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate', 'Riluzole', 'Sequence Analysis, RNA']
| 30,108,205
|
[['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.637.200', 'A11.650.200'], ['F02.463.188'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G05.297'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['F02.463.425.540'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['A08.637.400', 'A11.650.400'], ['C23.300.821'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.500.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.400.500'], ['D02.886.675.651', 'D03.383.129.708.089.611', 'D03.633.100.185.611'], ['E05.393.760.710']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Digital cell image analysis of Ewing's sarcoma.
|
We analyzed the lesional tissue in Ewing's sarcoma by means of a cell image processor computing 15 nuclear parameters in order to quantify the morphologic variability of the tumor cell nuclei. To this end we combined 32 cases (350-400 Feulgen-stained nuclei analyzed per case) in a data file, which was then subjected to principal component and canonical analyses. We found considerable heterogeneity within the cell nucleus population of Ewing's sarcomas. Indeed, after the arbitrary subdivision of the file into two cell classifiers (CC1 and CC2 cell types) on the basis of the first canonical function, the 32 Ewing's sarcomas showed a great deal of variability in the proportion of CC1 and CC2 cell nucleus types. The nuclei of the CC1 type had a more finely textured chromatin when compared to the CC2 type, the nuclei of which exhibited a more granular chromatin pattern. Additionally, these 32 Ewing's sarcomas were characterized by three distinct DNA histogram types. Eight tumors displayed a diploid nonproliferating DNA histogram pattern (type A), 11 a diploid proliferating (type B) and 13 an aneuploid (type C) DNA histogram profile. We found a highly significant relationship between these DNA histogram types and the CC1:CC2 cell type percentage ratio. The eight Ewing's sarcomas with a type A DNA histogram contained a significantly higher proportion of CC1 cell type nuclei as compared to the 13 tumors with a type C DNA histogram, which contained a great proportion of CC2 cell type nuclei.
|
['Cell Nucleus', 'Chromatin', 'DNA', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction', 'Ploidies', 'Sarcoma, Ewing']
| 1,801,834
|
[['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.180', 'D12.776.664.224', 'G05.360.160.180'], ['D13.444.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.790', 'E01.370.225.500.620.670.615', 'E01.370.225.750.551.790', 'E05.200.500.607.790', 'E05.200.500.620.670.620', 'E05.200.750.551.790'], ['G05.700'], ['C04.557.450.565.575.650.800', 'C04.557.450.795.620.800']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Endothelial cell dysfunction following prolonged activation of progesterone receptor.
|
Progestin-only contraceptives are associated with breakthrough bleeding in up to 50% of users. The causes of blood vessel rupture are not well understood. Here we report that both normal and Norplant-exposed endothelium express progesterone receptor. Experiments performed in vitro on endothelial cells isolated from human endometrium revealed that longterm progesterone exposure leads to suppression of endothelial cell proliferation, inhibition of migration and alteration in the profile of extracellular matrix proteins secreted by human endometrial endothelial cells. In addition, we detected increased levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in endothelial cultures treated with progesterone. The effect of progesterone on the cell cycle, along with the increased amounts of matrix-degrading enzymes, could account for breakdown of basement membrane components, vascular fragility and consequent vessel rupture leading to breakthrough endometrial bleeding.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Basement Membrane', 'Endometrium', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Levonorgestrel', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 9', 'Progesterone', 'Progesterone Congeners', 'Promegestone', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Receptors, Progesterone', 'Uterine Hemorrhage']
| 11,041,220
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A10.272.220', 'A10.615.179'], ['A05.360.319.679.490'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.668.651.693.762.450'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.350', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.350', 'D12.644.276.848.350', 'D12.776.467.836.350'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750'], ['D06.472.334.851.687'], ['D04.210.500.668.651.443.680'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.826.750.765'], ['C13.351.500.852.691', 'C23.550.414.993']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Low vitamin B6 status in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
|
The vitamin B6 status of 84 patients with acute myocardial infarction was compared with that of 84 control subjects. Pyridoxal and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) in plasma and erythrocytes, as well as the basal and total potential activity of the PLP-dependent enzyme aspartate aminotransferase in erythrocytes, were measured for a comprehensive assessment of vitamin B6 status. The mean levels of all vitamin B6 indexes (except pyridoxal) were lower in the patients than in the control subjects. The differences were statistically significant, except for erythrocyte PLP and total potential enzyme activity. The adjusted relative odds of a myocardial infarction for subjects in the lowest quartile of plasma PLP was about 5 times higher when compared with those in the highest quartile (relative odds = 5.2, 95% confidence interval = 1.4 to 18.9). Similar findings were found with the other vitamin B6 indexes. No significant association between infarct size, as estimated by creatine kinase level, and the vitamin B6 indexes was observed.
|
['Aspartate Aminotransferases', 'Erythrocytes', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Pyridoxal', 'Pyridoxal Phosphate', 'Risk Factors', 'Vitamin B 6 Deficiency']
| 2,919,556
|
[['D08.811.913.477.700.225'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['D03.383.725.676.925.500'], ['D03.383.725.676.925.500.500', 'D08.211.740'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.699.901']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Colony stimulating activity and continuous flow centrifugation leukapheresis induced proteinuria.
|
Urinary granulocyte colony stimulating activity (CSA) was studied in normal individulas donating granulocytes. Donors were given corticosteroids 2 h prior to a 4-h leukapheresis using an Aminco celltrifuge in which hydroxyethyl starch was introduced into the donor line. Urine was collected 12-24 h prior to the procedure and 12-24 h beginning at the time of administration of corticosteroids. Colony stimulating activity was measured using mouse marrow cells grown in soft agar. After leukapheresis a significant increase in protein excretion was noted (139.94 +/- 28.1 to 288.69 +/- 63.8 mg per gram of creatinine) and the bulk of the protein was albumin. CSA isolated from G-75 Sephadex columns was increased in five donors, decreased in five donors and undetectable in nine donors. No CSA inhibitors were detectable. There was a significant correlation between the quantity of protein recovered from G-75 Sephadex column and CSA.
|
['Adrenal Cortex Hormones', 'Colony-Forming Units Assay', 'Creatinine', 'Granulocytes', 'Hematopoiesis', 'Humans', 'Leukapheresis', 'Proteinuria']
| 428,475
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Redeveloping the JBI Model of Evidence Based Healthcare.
|
BACKGROUND: In 2005, Pearson et al. presented a developmental framework of evidence-based practice that sought to situate healthcare evidence and its role and use within the complexity of practice settings globally. A decade later, it was deemed timely to re-examine the Model and its component parts to determine whether they remain relevant and a true and accurate reflection of where the evidence-based movement is today.METHODS: A two-phase process was employed for this project. Phase 1 involved a citation analysis, conducted using the index citation of the original source article on the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Model by Pearson et al. The databases searched were Web of Science and Google Scholar from year of publication (2005) to July 2015. Duplicates and articles in languages other than English were removed, and all results were imported and combined in an Excel spreadsheet for review, coding and interpretation. Phase 2 (model revision) occurred in two parts. Part 1 involved revision of the Model by an internal working group. This revised version of the Model was then subjected to a process of focus group discussion (Part 2) that engaged staff of the Joanna Briggs Collaboration during the 2015 annual general meeting. These data were recorded then transcribed for review and consideration.RESULTS: The citation analysis revealed that the Model was primarily utilized to conceptualize evidence and evidence-based healthcare, but that language used in relation to concepts within the Model was variable. Equally, the working group and focus group feedback confirmed that there was a need to ensure the language utilized in the Model was internationally appropriate and in line with current international trends. This feedback and analysis informed the revised version of the JBI Model.CONCLUSION: Based on the citation analysis, working group and focus group feedback the new JBI Model for Evidence Based Healthcare attempts to utilize more internationally appropriate language to detail the intricacies of the relationships between systems and individuals across different settings and the need for contextual localization to enable policy makers and practitioners to make evidence-based decisions at the point of care.
|
['Bibliometrics', 'Evidence-Based Practice', 'Focus Groups', 'Humans', 'Implementation Science', 'Publishing']
| 29,664,758
|
[['L01.178.682.099.325', 'L01.453.183.291'], ['H02.249'], ['E05.318.308.112', 'N05.715.360.300.269', 'N06.850.520.308.112'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.143.320.400'], ['L01.737']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[A late phase II clinical study of cis-diammine glycolato platinum, 254-S, for head and neck cancers].
|
A late phase II clinical study of 254-S, a new anticancer platinum complex, for head and neck cancer was conducted by the 254-S Head and Neck Cancer Study Group consisting of 31 institutions. As in the early phase II study for head and neck cancers, 254-S was administered at 100 mg/m2 by 60 min intravenous drip infusion, repeated at least twice at 4-week intervals. Of 80 cases registered, 66 were regarded as complete cases evaluable for tumor response. Complete response (CR) was observed in 7 patients (10.6%), partial response (PR) in 22 (33.3%), no change (NC) in 24 and progressive disease (PD) in 13, for a 43.9% response rate. Two CR and 11 PR (37.1% response rate) were obtained in 35 patients with prior chemotherapy, including 2 CR and 7 PR (33.3% response rate) in 27 patients previously treated with cisplatin. Of 70 patients evaluable for toxicity, side effects were observed in 60 patients (85.7%). Major toxic effects were hematotoxicity, including leukopenia (62.9%), thrombocytopenia (40.0%) and anemia (45.7%), gastrointestinal toxicity, including nausea and vomiting (64.3%), and anorexia (47.1%); grade 3 or 4 thrombocytopenia was found in 20.0% of the patients, and this toxicity was regarded as the dose limiting factor. Nephrotoxicity observed was mild and infrequent. Based on these results, it was concluded that 254-S is a very useful anticancer agent for the treatment of head and neck cancer.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Drug Evaluation', 'Female', 'Head and Neck Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Infusions, Intravenous', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Organoplatinum Compounds']
| 1,605,665
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['E02.319.283'], ['E05.290.625', 'E05.337.425'], ['C04.588.443'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.082.500', 'E02.319.267.510.590'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.691.788']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Characteristics of solubilized human-somatotropin-binding protein from the liver of pregnant rabbits.
|
A specific binding site for somatotropin was solubilized by 1% (v/v) Triton X-100 from a crude particulate membrane fraction of pregnant rabbit liver, partially purified and characterized. The solubilized binding site retained many of the characteristics observed in the original particulate fraction, indicating that extraction of the binding site with Triton X-100 does not cause any major changes in its properties. The binding of human 125I-labelled-somatotropin to the solubilized binding site is a saturable and reversible process, depending on temperature, incubation time, pH and ionic environment. Analysis of the kinetic data revealed a finite number of binding sites with an affinity constant of 0.32 x 10(10)M-1. The binding activity for human 125I-labelled-somatotropin was adsorbed to a concanavalin-A-Sepharose column and was dissociated from the column with alpha-methyl-D-glucoside, suggesting that the binding protein may be a glycoprotein. Using affinity chromatography on concanavalin-A-Sepharose, ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and gel filtration on Sepharose 6B, the binding protein was purified 1000-4000-fold from the original liver homogenate. When the partially purified preparation was chromatographed on Sepharose 6B, the binding protein eluted as a molecule with an apparent molecular weight of 200000, with a Stokes' radius of 4.9 nm. Sucrose-density-gradient centrifugation of the preparation showed that the sedimentation coefficient of the binding protein was 7.2S. Isoelectric focusing experiments revealed that a major part of the protein has an acidic pI (4.2-4.5). Exposure of the protein to trypsin decreased the binding activity for human 125I-labelled-somatotropin or bovine 125I-labelled-somatotropin, whereas ribonuclease, deoxyribonuclease, phospholipase C or neuraminidase had little or no effect.
|
['Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'Cell Membrane', 'Centrifugation, Density Gradient', 'Chromatography, Gel', 'Enzymes', 'Female', 'Growth Hormone', 'Kinetics', 'Liver', 'Pregnancy', 'Rats', 'Receptors, Cell Surface', 'Solubility']
| 6,249,270
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['A11.284.149'], ['E05.181.724.336', 'E05.196.941.336'], ['E05.196.181.400.250'], ['D08.811'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.425', 'D12.644.548.691.525.425'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['A03.620'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.543.750'], ['G02.805']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Induction of hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy in guinea pig by DOCA salt.
|
Experimental hypertension can be induced in rats by uninephrectomy, administration of deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) and sodium chloride. We developed this model in the guinea pig, because it presents an isoenzymic myosin pattern and calcium-induced calcium release similar to those of humans. Unilateral nephrectomy was performed in 33 guinea pigs, after which they were given DOCA (300 mg/kg pellets, s.c.; n = 11, or 10 mg, i.m.; n = 12, 5 days a week for 5 weeks). One week after surgery, drinking water was supplemented with NaCl 9 g/l and KCl 2 g/l for 5 weeks. Control guinea pigs (n = 10) were nephrectomized but not treated. Five weeks after surgery, hemodynamic measurements were recorded and the animals sacrificed to assess the degree of left ventricular hypertrophy. Left ventricular hypertrophy was considered significant if the ratio of left ventricular weight/body weight was > 2.3 and if the thickness of the left ventricle free wall was > 3.5 mm. Results showed that the systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressures of the treated groups were 36% higher than in the control group. Cardiac hypertrophy occurred within 5 weeks, and resulted in an increase in left ventricle weight and in left ventricular hypertrophy. The possibility of using the DOCA salt model of experimental hypertension in the guinea pig could help to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for hypertension and induced left ventricular hypertrophy, and thus improve prevention and treatment.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Blood Pressure', 'Blood Pressure Determination', 'Body Weight', 'Desoxycorticosterone', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Female', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Heart Rate', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Hypertension', 'Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular', 'Injections, Intramuscular', 'Injections, Subcutaneous', 'Isoenzymes', 'Myosins', 'Nephrectomy', 'Organ Size', 'Sodium Chloride', 'Ventricular Function']
| 7,837,830
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.370.140', 'E01.370.600.100'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.339', 'D06.472.040.585.611'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['A07.541.560'], ['C14.907.489'], ['C14.280.195.400', 'C23.300.775.250.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.460'], ['E02.319.267.530.620'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['D05.750.078.730.475', 'D08.811.277.040.025.193.750', 'D12.776.210.500.600', 'D12.776.220.525.475'], ['E04.950.774.435'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650'], ['G09.330.955']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of xylazine on canine coronary artery vascular rings.
|
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of xylazine on canine coronary artery smooth muscle tone.SAMPLE POPULATION: Hearts of 26 healthy dogs.PROCEDURE: Dogs were anesthetized with pentobarbital, and vascular rings of various diameters were prepared from the epicardial coronary arteries. Vascular rings were placed in tissue baths to which xylazine was added (cumulative concentrations ranging from 10(-10) to 10(-4) M), and changes in vascular ring tension were continuously recorded. Effects of the nitric oxide inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L NAME; 5 mM), the alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonist prazosin (10 mM), and the alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist atipamezole (10 mM) on xylazine-induced changes in vascular ring tension were determined. Results were expressed as percentage of maximal contraction for each vascular ring preparation.RESULTS: Xylazine induced vasoconstriction of small (< 500-microm-diameter) and medium (500- to 1,000-microm-diameter) vascular rings but not of large (> 1,000-microm-diameter) rings. For large vascular rings, L-NAME, atipamezole, and prazosin did not significantly affect the contractile response to xylazine. For small vascular rings, the contractile response following addition of xylazine to rings treated with L-NAME was not significantly different from the contractile response following addition of xylazine to control rings, except at a xylazine concentration of 10(-6) M. Xylazine-induced vasoconstriction of small vascular rings was blocked by atipamezole, but the addition of prazosin had no effect on xylazine-induced vasoconstriction.CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that xylazine increases smooth muscle tone of small canine coronary arteriesand that this effect is predominantly mediated by stimulation of alpha2adrenoceptors.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Coronary Vessels', 'Dogs', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Imidazoles', 'Muscle Tonus', 'Prazosin', 'Vasoconstriction', 'Xylazine']
| 15,077,684
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.269', 'A07.015.908.194'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D03.383.129.308'], ['G11.427.565'], ['D03.633.100.786.750'], ['G09.330.380.925'], ['D02.886.665.985', 'D03.383.855.985']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Peri-implant bone defects: A 1-year follow-up comparative study of use of hyaluronic acid and xenografts.
|
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of hyaluronic acid (HA) and xenografts on the repair of peri-implant dehiscence-type bone defects occur during implant placement.Patients and Methods: Forty-two dehiscence Class I type defects located on the buccal surface of the implants were included in this study. Defects were divided into two main groups as small sized (height of <3 mm) and medium sized (height between 3 and 5 mm). Both of the main groups were further divided into two subgroups as HA plus xenograft plus collagen membrane (HAXC) or xenograft plus collagen membrane (XC) applied groups. After grafting, repair of defect site was evaluated with the help of the cross-sectional images on cone-beam computed tomography at 6th and 12th months.Results: In both main groups, vertical bone height (VBH) was higher in defects repaired with HAXC (2.65 ± 1.12 mm) than in the XC (2.45 ± 1.10 mm) groups at the 6th month. However, the difference between two subgroups was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Reduction in VBH was observed up to 6-12 months after prosthetic loading in all defect sites. This reduction was found statistically significant in medium-sized defects that grafted with XC (P < 0.05, paired t-test). However, in other subgroups, the difference between measurements at 6th and 12th months was not statistically significant (P > 0.05).Conclusions: According to the data obtained from this study, it can be concluded that HA did not have a significant positive effect on the repair of defects around dental implants.
|
['Adult', 'Alveolar Bone Loss', 'Alveolar Ridge Augmentation', 'Bone Regeneration', 'Collagen', 'Cone-Beam Computed Tomography', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Dental Implants', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Heterografts', 'Humans', 'Hyaluronic Acid', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 31,607,728
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C05.116.264.150', 'C07.465.714.354.500'], ['E04.545.550.100', 'E06.645.550.100'], ['G11.427.213.140', 'G16.762.150.150'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['E01.370.350.700.810.810.490', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.399'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['D25.339.312', 'E06.780.346.593', 'E07.695.185', 'J01.637.051.339.312'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['A01.941.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D09.698.373.475'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A National Examination Of Long-Term Care Setting, Outcomes, And Disparities Among Elderly Dual Eligibles.
|
The benefits of expanding funding for Medicaid long-term care home and community-based services (HCBS) relative to institutional care are often taken as self-evident. However, little is known about the outcomes of these services, especially for racial and ethnic minority groups, whose members tend to use the services more than whites do, and for people with dementia who may need high-intensity care. Using national Medicaid claims data on older adults enrolled in both Medicare and Medicaid, we found that overall hospitalization rates were similar for HCBS and nursing facility users, although nursing facility users were generally sicker as reflected in their claims history. Among HCBS users, blacks were more likely to be hospitalized than non-Hispanic whites were, and the gap widened among blacks and whites with dementia. Also, conditional on receiving HCBS, Medicaid HCBS spending was higher for whites than for nonwhites, and higher Medicare and Medicaid hospital spending for blacks and Hispanics did not offset this difference. Our findings suggest that home and community-based services need to be carefully targeted to avoid adverse outcomes and that the racial/ethnic disparities in access to high-quality institutional long-term care are also present in HCBS. Policy makers should consider the full costs and benefits of shifting care from nursing facilities to home and community settings and the potential implications for equity.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Community Health Services', 'Dual MEDICAID MEDICARE Eligibility', 'Ethnic Groups', 'Female', 'Healthcare Disparities', 'Home Care Services', 'Humans', 'Long-Term Care', 'Medicaid', 'Medicare', 'United States']
| 31,260,370
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['N02.421.143'], ['N03.109'], ['M01.686.754', 'N01.224.317'], ['N04.590.374.380', 'N05.300.493'], ['N02.421.143.524', 'N02.421.539.089'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.476', 'N02.421.585.476'], ['N03.219.521.346.506.564.655', 'N03.706.615.693'], ['N03.219.521.346.506.564.663', 'N03.219.521.576.343.840', 'N03.706.615.696'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Combinatorial regulation of neuroblastoma tumor progression by N-Myc and hypoxia inducible factor HIF-1alpha.
|
In human neuroblastoma, amplification of the MYCN gene predicts poor prognosis and resistance to therapy. Because hypoxia contributes to aggressive tumor phenotypes, predominantly via two structurally related hypoxia inducible factors, HIF-1á and HIF-2á, we examined hypoxia responses in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cells. We demonstrate here that HIF-1á, but not HIF-2á, is preferentially expressed in both MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cells and primary tumors in comparison to samples without MYCN amplification. Our results showed that interplay between N-Myc and HIF-1á plays critical roles in neuroblastoma. For example, high levels of N-Myc override HIF-1á inhibition of cell cycle progression, enabling continued proliferation under hypoxia. Furthermore, both HIF-1á and N-Myc are essential for the Warburg effect (aerobic glycolysis) in neuroblastomas by activating the transcription of multiple glycolytic genes. Of note, expressions of Phosphoglycerate Kinase 1 (PGK1), Hexokinase 2 (HK2), and Lactate Dehydrogenase A (LDHA) were each significantly higher in MYCN-amplified neuroblastomas than in tumors without MYCN amplification. Interestingly, MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cells are "addicted" to LDHA enzymatic activity, as its depletion completely inhibits tumorigenesis in vivo. Thus, our results provide mechanistic insights explaining how MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cells contend with hypoxic stress and paradoxically how hypoxia contributes to neuroblastoma aggressiveness through combinatorial effects of N-Myc and HIF-1á. These results also suggest that LDHA represents a novel, pharmacologically tractable target for neuroblastoma therapeutics.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Cycle', 'Cell Hypoxia', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Gene Amplification', 'Genes, myc', 'HCT116 Cells', 'Humans', 'Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit', 'Isoenzymes', 'L-Lactate Dehydrogenase', 'Lactate Dehydrogenase 5', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Nude', 'Neuroblastoma', 'Transplantation, Heterologous']
| 20,961,996
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.144'], ['G03.197.300', 'G04.270.300'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['G05.308.250', 'G05.365.590.310', 'G05.558.315'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.500.791.420'], ['A11.251.210.190.380', 'A11.251.860.180.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.260.103.625.750', 'D12.776.930.125.625.750'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['D08.811.682.047.551.400', 'D08.811.682.047.820.493'], ['D08.811.682.047.551.400.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.590.650.550', 'C04.557.470.670.590.650.550', 'C04.557.580.625.600.590.650.550'], ['E04.936.764']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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