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Signal transduction pathway analysis in desmoid-type fibromatosis: transforming growth factor-â, COX2 and sex steroid receptors.
|
Despite reports of sex steroid receptor and COX2 expression in desmoid-type fibromatosis, responses to single agent therapy with anti-estrogens and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are unpredictable. Perhaps combination pharmacotherapy might be more effective in desmoid tumors that co-express these targets. Clearly, further understanding of the signaling pathways deregulated in desmoid tumors is essential for the development of targeted molecular therapy. Transforming growth factor-â (TGFâ) and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) are important regulators of fibroblast proliferation and matrix deposition, but little is known about the TGFâ superfamily in fibromatosis. A tissue microarray representing 27 desmoid tumors was constructed; 14 samples of healing scar and six samples of normal fibrous tissue were included for comparison. Expression of selected receptors and activated downstream transcription factors of TGFâ family signaling pathways, â-catenin, sex steroid hormone receptors and COX2 were assessed using immunohistochemistry; patterns of co-expression were explored via correlational statistical analyses. In addition to â-catenin, immunoreactivity for phosphorylated SMAD2/3 (indicative of active TGFâ signaling) and COX2 was significantly increased in desmoid tumors compared with healing scar and quiescent fibrous tissue. Low levels of phosphorylated SMAD1/5/8 were detected in only a minority of cases. Transforming growth factor-â receptor type 1 and androgen receptor were expressed in both desmoid tumors and scar, but not in fibrous tissue. Estrogen receptor-â was present in all cases studied. Transforming growth factor-â signaling appears to be activated in desmoid-type fibromatosis and phosphorylated SMAD2/3 and COX2 immunoreactivity might be of diagnostic utility in these tumors. Given the frequency of androgen receptor, estrogen receptor-â and COX2 co-expression in desmoid tumors, further assessment of the efficacy of combination pharmacotherapy using hormonal agonists/antagonists together with COX2 inhibitors should be considered.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Bone Morphogenetic Proteins', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cyclooxygenase 2', 'Estrogen Receptor beta', 'Female', 'Fibromatosis, Aggressive', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Receptors, Androgen', 'Signal Transduction', 'Smad2 Protein', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta', 'beta Catenin']
| 23,035,734
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D12.644.276.954.200', 'D12.776.467.942.200', 'D23.529.942.200'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D08.811.600.720.750'], ['D12.776.826.750.350.262'], ['C04.557.450.565.590.340.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.826.750.150'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.644.360.024.334.500.200', 'D12.776.157.057.170.500.200', 'D12.776.476.024.428.500.200', 'D12.776.744.741.750', 'D12.776.930.806.500.200'], ['D12.644.276.374.687', 'D12.644.276.954.775', 'D12.776.467.374.687', 'D12.776.467.942.775', 'D23.529.374.687', 'D23.529.942.775'], ['D12.776.091.249', 'D12.776.220.145.500', 'D12.776.930.130']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
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|
Basal astrocyte and microglia activation in the central nervous system of Familial Hemiplegic Migraine Type I mice.
|
BACKGROUND: Gain-of-function missense mutations in the á1A subunit of neuronal CaV2.1 channels, which define Familial Hemiplegic Migraine Type 1 (FHM1), result in enhanced cortical glutamatergic transmission and a higher susceptibility to cortical spreading depolarization. It is now well established that neurons signal to surrounding glial cells, namely astrocytes and microglia, in the central nervous system, which in turn become activated and in pathological conditions can sustain neuroinflammation. We and others previously demonstrated an increased activation of pro-algogenic pathways, paralleled by augmented macrophage infiltration, in both isolated trigeminal ganglia and mixed trigeminal ganglion neuron-satellite glial cell cultures of FHM1 mutant mice. Hence, we hypothesize that astrocyte and microglia activation may occur in parallel in the central nervous system.METHODS: We have evaluated signs of reactive glia in brains from na?ve FHM1 mutant mice in comparison with wild type animals by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.RESULTS: Here we show for the first time signs of reactive astrogliosis and microglia activation in the na?ve FHM1 mutant mouse brain.CONCLUSIONS: Our data reinforce the involvement of glial cells in migraine, and suggest that modulating such activation may represent an innovative approach to reduce pathology.
|
['Animals', 'Astrocytes', 'Central Nervous System', 'Cerebellar Ataxia', 'Gene Knock-In Techniques', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Microglia', 'Migraine Disorders', 'Random Allocation', 'Trigeminal Ganglion']
| 31,260,335
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.637.200', 'A11.650.200'], ['A08.186'], ['C10.228.140.252.190', 'C10.597.350.090.500', 'C23.888.592.350.090.200'], ['E05.393.335.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['A08.637.400', 'A11.650.400'], ['C10.228.140.546.399.750'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['A08.340.390.850', 'A08.800.350.850', 'A08.800.800.120.760.825']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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|
PPARG, KCNJ11, CDKAL1, CDKN2A-CDKN2B, IDE-KIF11-HHEX, IGF2BP2 and SLC30A8 are associated with type 2 diabetes in a Chinese population.
|
BACKGROUND: Recent advance in genetic studies added the confirmed susceptible loci for type 2 diabetes to eighteen. In this study, we attempt to analyze the independent and joint effect of variants from these loci on type 2 diabetes and clinical phenotypes related to glucose metabolism.METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Twenty-one single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from fourteen loci were successfully genotyped in 1,849 subjects with type 2 diabetes and 1,785 subjects with normal glucose regulation. We analyzed the allele and genotype distribution between the cases and controls of these SNPs as well as the joint effects of the susceptible loci on type 2 diabetes risk. The associations between SNPs and type 2 diabetes were examined by logistic regression. The associations between SNPs and quantitative traits were examined by linear regression. The discriminative accuracy of the prediction models was assessed by area under the receiver operating characteristic curves. We confirmed the effects of SNPs from PPARG, KCNJ11, CDKAL1, CDKN2A-CDKN2B, IDE-KIF11-HHEX, IGF2BP2 and SLC30A8 on risk for type 2 diabetes, with odds ratios ranging from 1.114 to 1.406 (P value range from 0.0335 to 1.37E-12). But no significant association was detected between SNPs from WFS1, FTO, JAZF1, TSPAN8-LGR5, THADA, ADAMTS9, NOTCH2-ADAM30 and type 2 diabetes. Analyses on the quantitative traits in the control subjects showed that THADA SNP rs7578597 was association with 2-h insulin during oral glucose tolerance tests (P = 0.0005, empirical P = 0.0090). The joint effect analysis of SNPs from eleven loci showed the individual carrying more risk alleles had a significantly higher risk for type 2 diabetes. And the type 2 diabetes patients with more risk allele tended to have earlier diagnostic ages (P = 0.0006).CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The current study confirmed the association between PPARG, KCNJ11, CDKAL1, CDKN2A-CDKN2B, IDE-KIF11-HHEX, IGF2BP2 and SLC30A8 and type 2 diabetes. These type 2 diabetes risk loci contributed to the disease additively.
|
['Aged', 'Cation Transport Proteins', 'China', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p15', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Homeodomain Proteins', 'Humans', 'Insulysin', 'Kinesin', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'PPAR gamma', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying', 'RNA-Binding Proteins', 'Transcription Factors', 'Zinc Transporter 8', 'tRNA Methyltransferases']
| 19,862,325
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.250', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.500.500.500', 'D12.644.360.250.067.875', 'D12.776.167.200.067.875', 'D12.776.476.250.067.875'], ['D12.644.360.225.100', 'D12.776.167.187.100', 'D12.776.476.225.100', 'D12.776.624.776.355.100'], ['D12.644.360.225.200', 'D12.776.167.187.200', 'D12.776.476.225.200', 'D12.776.624.776.355.200'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['G05.308'], ['D12.776.260.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.300', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.300'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.193.500', 'D12.776.220.600.450.450', 'D12.776.631.560.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.826.239.588'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600.450', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750.450', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750.450'], ['D12.776.157.725', 'D12.776.664.962'], ['D12.776.930'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.250.940', 'D12.776.157.530.937.952', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.945', 'D12.776.543.585.937.975'], ['D08.811.913.555.500.925']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
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| 0
| 0
| 0
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|
The subcellular distribution of cyclin-D1 and cyclin-D3 within human islet cells varies according to the status of the pancreas donor.
|
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: In humans, the rate of beta cell proliferation declines rapidly during the postnatal period and remains low throughout adult life. Recent studies suggest that this may reflect the distribution of cell cycle regulators which, unusually, are located in the cytosolic compartment of beta cells in islets isolated from adults. In the present work, we examined whether the localisation of cyclin-D molecules is also cytosolic in the islet cells of pancreatic samples studied in situ.METHODS: Immunohistochemical approaches were employed to examine the subcellular localisation of cyclin-D1, -D2 and -D3 in human pancreatic samples recovered either from heart-beating donors or post mortem. Immunofluorescence methods were used to reveal the cellular localisation of cyclin-D1 and -D3.RESULTS: The distribution of cyclin-D2 was invariably cytosolic in islet cells, whereas the localisation of cyclin-D1 and -D3 varied according to the status of the donor. In pancreatic sections from heart-beating donors these molecules were primarily nuclear. By contrast, in samples collected post mortem, they were mainly cytosolic. Cyclin-D1 was detected only in beta cells whereas cyclin-D3 was detected in both alpha and beta cells. The proportion of donors who were immunopositive for cyclin-D1 declined from 71% in controls to 30% in those with type 1 diabetes. Cyclin-D3 was present in the islets of the majority of donors in both groups.CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: The subcellular localisation of cyclin-D molecules varies according to the status of the donor. Both cyclin-D1 and -D3 can be found in the nuclei of human islet cells in situ.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Biological Specimen Banks', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cyclin D1', 'Cyclin D2', 'Cyclin D3', 'Cytosol', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Insulin-Secreting Cells', 'Islets of Langerhans Transplantation', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreas', 'Tissue Donors', 'Young Adult']
| 26,055,066
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['N02.278.065'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D12.644.360.262.150.100', 'D12.776.167.218.150.100', 'D12.776.476.262.150.100', 'D12.776.624.664.700.100'], ['D12.644.360.262.150.200', 'D12.776.167.218.150.200', 'D12.776.476.262.150.200'], ['D12.644.360.262.150.300', 'D12.776.167.218.150.300', 'D12.776.476.262.150.300'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['A03.734.414.131', 'A06.300.414.087', 'A06.390.131', 'A11.382.625.092', 'A11.436.294.092'], ['E02.095.147.500.250', 'E04.270.550', 'E04.936.225.375'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A03.734'], ['M01.898'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Improved learning and memory in aged mice deficient in amyloid beta-degrading neutral endopeptidase.
|
BACKGROUND: Neutral endopeptidase, also known as neprilysin and abbreviated NEP, is considered to be one of the key enzymes in initial human amyloid-beta (Abeta) degradation. The aim of our study was to explore the impact of NEP deficiency on the initial development of dementia-like symptoms in mice.METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We found that while endogenous Abeta concentrations were elevated in the brains of NEP-knockout mice at all investigated age groups, immunohistochemical analysis using monoclonal antibodies did not detect any Abeta deposits even in old NEP knockout mice. Surprisingly, tests of learning and memory revealed that the ability to learn was not reduced in old NEP-deficient mice but instead had significantly improved, and sustained learning and memory in the aged mice was congruent with improved long-term potentiation (LTP) in brain slices of the hippocampus and lateral amygdala. Our data suggests a beneficial effect of pharmacological inhibition of cerebral NEP on learning and memory in mice due to the accumulation of peptides other than Abeta degradable by NEP. By conducting degradation studies and peptide measurements in the brain of both genotypes, we identified two neuropeptide candidates, glucagon-like peptide 1 and galanin, as first potential candidates to be involved in the improved learning in aged NEP-deficient mice.CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Thus, the existence of peptides targeted by NEP that improve learning and memory in older individuals may represent a promising avenue for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
|
['Aging', 'Amygdala', 'Amyloid beta-Peptides', 'Animals', 'Dementia', 'Galanin', 'Glucagon-Like Peptide 1', 'Hippocampus', 'Learning', 'Long-Term Potentiation', 'Memory', 'Mice', 'Neprilysin', 'Peptide Fragments']
| 19,240,795
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['A08.186.211.180.090', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.152'], ['D12.644.024', 'D12.776.049.407.249.500', 'D12.776.543.039.500'], ['B01.050'], ['C10.228.140.380', 'F03.615.400'], ['D12.644.400.250', 'D12.776.631.650.250'], ['D06.472.317.680.500.500'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['G11.561.638.350'], ['F02.463.425.540'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.600', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.600', 'D23.050.285.550', 'D23.101.140.500'], ['D12.644.541']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Potassium, sodium, and the intracellular fluid space of cells from bone.
|
Cells enzymatically dispersed from fetal rat calvaria were analyzed for sodium and potassium content and intracellular fluid space (ICF). Even when obtained in comparatively high yield, the cells are damaged by the isolation procedure as evidenced by high sodium and low potassium content immediately after isolation. During a post-incubation period potassium is accumulated and sodium extruded to steady-state levels. Although electrolyte content of cells after recovery did not vary as a function of cell yield, ICF was increased in cells obtained in lower yield, suggesting cell swelling as a result of membrane damage. The weighted mean values obtained for the best cell preparations were 117 mM K+ and 27 mM Na+. Based on DNA assay of isolated cells and the whole tissue, 20- to 21-day calvaria were found to have an average of 8.1 x 10(6) cells/calvarium. Combining cell data with analysis of total tissue sodium, potassium, and water, it was concluded that the tissue extracellular sodium is in equilibrium with blood but that the potassium concentraiton is approximately 5-fold higher than blood levels.
|
['Animals', 'Body Fluids', 'Bone and Bones', 'Cell Separation', 'DNA', 'Erythrocytes', 'Extracellular Space', 'Intracellular Fluid', 'Potassium', 'Rats', 'Sodium']
| 116,751
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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| 0
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Introducing molecular testing of pyrazinamide susceptibility improves multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment outcomes: a prospective cohort study.
|
The current treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) takes a lengthy period of 18-24 months and has a poor cure rate of 50-60%. A multicenter, prospective cohort study was conducted to assess the role of testing for molecular susceptibility to pyrazinamide (PZA) in optimising treatment for MDR-TB.We assigned 76 patients to an optimised molecular susceptibility group and 159 patients to a regular treatment group where PZA susceptibility was not determined. Of these patients, 152 were matched after propensity score matching (76 in the optimised group and 76 in the regular group). Treatment success rate was measured in the propensity-matched cohort as the primary outcome.Patients in the optimised group achieved a higher treatment success rate than those in the regular group (76.3% versus 55.3%, p=0.006). Of 51 patients with isolates that were susceptible to PZA and who were receiving a 12-month regimen, 42 (82.4%) were treated successfully. The optimised group showed faster culture conversion than the regular group (p=0.024). After exclusion of pre-extensively drug-resistant TB (pre-XDR-TB), the treatment outcome in the optimised group was still better than the regular group (83.1% versus 62.1%, p=0.009).Introducing molecular susceptibility testing for PZA improved the treatment outcomes for MDR-TB without the use of new drugs. Introducing PZA for patients with PZA-susceptible (PZA-S) MDR-TB allows the current regimen to be shortened to 12 months with comparable success rates to the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended shorter regimen.
|
['Adult', 'Amidohydrolases', 'Antitubercular Agents', 'China', 'Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Mutation', 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Pyrazinamide', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant']
| 30,578,402
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D08.811.277.087'], ['D27.505.954.122.085.255'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['G06.099.225.812', 'G06.225.347.812', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.812', 'G07.690.773.984.300.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['G05.365.590'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.702', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.702'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D03.383.679.750'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.775']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
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LCA of integrated MSW management systems: case study of the Bologna District.
|
LCA as a decision-supporting tool in planning integrated municipal solid waste management is not, as yet, widely used in Italy. This paper presents a study concerning the application of the LCA methodology to support the development of the new waste management plan for the Bologna District. The main goal of the study was to show decision-makers at the political level the benefits obtainable with the use of LCA, in terms of the identification and quantification of the potential environmental impacts of different waste management strategies. The integrated waste management system of the Bologna District includes waste collection and transport, sorting, recycling, composting, incineration and landfilling. Three scenarios, referring to 2006 and assuming the presence of 950,000 inhabitants and the production of approximately 566,000 t of waste in the district, have been compared. A detailed model has been developed in order to capture effects related to the waste fraction from separated collection and to the different waste treatments. The discussion of the results has focussed in particular on the greenhouse effect and the acidification potential. On the basis of the results obtained, the analysis of an additional scenario characterised by a further increase in separated collection has been put forward.
|
['Air Pollution', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Conservation of Natural Resources', 'Decision Support Techniques', 'Greenhouse Effect', 'Italy', 'Refuse Disposal', 'Soil']
| 17,418,562
|
[['N06.850.460.100'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['J01.256', 'N06.230.080'], ['E05.245', 'L01.313.500.750.190'], ['G16.500.175.827', 'N06.230.265'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.700', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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| 0
| 1
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Comparison of free serum oxylipin concentrations in hyper- vs. normolipidemic men.
|
Oxylipins, the oxidation products of unsaturated fatty acids (FA), are potent endogenous mediators being involved in the regulation of various biological processes such as inflammation, pain and blood coagulation. Compared to oxylipins derived from arachidonic acid (AA) by cyclooxygenase action, i.e. prostanoides, only limited information is available about the endogenous levels of hydroxy-, epoxy- and dihydroxy-FA of linoleic acid (LA), AA, á-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in humans. Particularly, it is unknown how metabolic disorders affect endogenous oxylipin levels in humans. Therefore, in the present study we compared the serum concentrations of 44 oxylipins in 20 normolipidemic with 20 hyperlipidemic (total cholesterol >200 mg/dl; LDL-C>130 mg/dl; TG>150 mg/dl) men (age 29-51 y). The serum concentration varied strongly among subjects. For most hydroxy-, epoxy- and dihydroxy-FA the concentrations were comparable to those in plasma reported in earlier studies. Despite the significant change in blood lipid levels the hyperlipidemic group showed only minor differences in oxylipin levels. The hyperlipidemic subjects had a slightly higher serum concentration of 8,9-DiHETrE, 5-HEPE, 10,11-DiHDPE, and a lower concentration of 12,13-DiHOME, 12-HETE, 9,10-DiHODE, and 12,13-DiHODE compared to normolipidemic subjects. Overall the hydroxy-, epoxy- and dihydroxy-FA levels were not changed suggesting that mild combined hyperlipidemia has no apparent effect on the concentration of circulating oxylipins. By contrast, serum levels of several hydroxy-, epoxy-, and dihydroxy-FA are dependent on the individual status of the parent FA. Particularly, a strong correlation between the EPA content in the erythrocyte membrane and the serum concentration of EPA derived oxylipins was observed. Given that the synthesis of EPA from other n-3 FA in humans is low; this suggests that oxylipin levels can be directly influenced by the diet.
|
['12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid', 'Adult', 'Arachidonic Acid', 'Eicosapentaenoic Acid', 'Fatty Acids, Omega-3', 'Fatty Acids, Unsaturated', 'Humans', 'Hyperlipidemias', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'alpha-Linolenic Acid']
| 23,694,766
|
[['D10.251.355.255.100.300.425', 'D10.251.355.310.166.550.425'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D10.251.355.255.100.100', 'D10.251.355.310.166.100'], ['D10.212.302.380.410.385', 'D10.251.355.255.200', 'D10.251.355.337.290', 'D10.627.430.450.390'], ['D10.212.302.380.410', 'D10.251.355.337', 'D10.627.430.450'], ['D10.251.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.584.500.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D10.212.302.380.410.100', 'D10.251.355.310.640.400', 'D10.251.355.337.100']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
GC/MS analysis of m-hydroxybenzoylecgonine in urine. Forensic implication in cocaine use.
|
m-Hydroxybenzoylecgonine (m-OH-BE) and d3-m- hydroxybenzoylecgonine (d3-m-OH-BE) have been synthesized, and a GC/MS procedure with d3-m-OH-BE as internal standard has been developed. Among 24 human urine specimens that were positive for BE, all of them have shown detectable levels of m-OH-BE with 75% of the specimens exceeding the LoQ (5 ng/mL), compared with only 50% of the specimens containing detectable levels of EME. The presence of m-OH-BE in urine suggested that this metabolite may serve as a valuable marker of cocaine use in addition to BE and EME.
|
['Cocaine', 'Cocaine-Related Disorders', 'Forensic Medicine', 'Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry', 'Humans']
| 9,891,608
|
[['D02.145.074.722.388', 'D03.132.889.354', 'D03.605.084.500.722.388', 'D03.605.869.388'], ['C25.775.300', 'F03.900.300'], ['H02.403.330', 'I01.198.780.937'], ['E05.196.181.349.500', 'E05.196.566.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Diabetic mastopathy in men: imaging findings in two patients.
|
The classic imaging findings of diabetic mastopathy, an uncommon entity manifesting in patients with a history of long-standing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, have been reported in the literature in women but not, to the authors' knowledge, in men. Two men with diabetic mastopathy presented with palpable breast masses. The clinical histories of the men in whom this condition was diagnosed were similar to those reported for women with the condition. The mammographic findings in both men, at presentation, were suggestive of gynecomastia.
|
['Adult', 'Breast', 'Breast Diseases', 'Breast Neoplasms, Male', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mammography', 'Middle Aged', 'Ultrasonography, Mammary']
| 11,376,272
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A01.236'], ['C17.800.090'], ['C04.588.180.260', 'C17.800.090.500.260'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.700.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.850.860', 'E01.370.378.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Intracellular localization of human DNA repair enzyme methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase by antibodies and its importance.
|
The human DNA repair enzyme, methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT, M(r) 21,000), which protects cells against the mutagenic effect of alkylating carcinogens, was found to be localized in the cell nucleus (except the nucleolus) by immunofluorescence staining using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. The supporting experiments came from differential staining of the MGMT-deficient (mer-) and -proficient (mer+) cells, Western blotting analysis, and specific antibody depletion studies with the immobilized fusion protein, GSTMGMT-glutathione-Sepharose. Its localization in the nucleus agrees with its biological function and possibly explains the ineffective protection of mammalian cells (mer-) transfected with the Escherichia coli MGMT genes from bifunctional alkylating agents.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Antibodies', 'Antibody Specificity', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cell Line, Transformed', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Escherichia coli', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Methyltransferases', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'O(6)-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase', 'Staining and Labeling']
| 1,384,961
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['G12.100'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['A11.251.210.172'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.913.555.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D08.811.913.555.500.800.650'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670', 'E05.200.500.620.670', 'E05.200.750.600.670']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Deep sequencing of small RNA repertoires in mice reveals metabolic disorders-associated hepatic miRNAs.
|
Obesity and associated metabolic disorders contribute importantly to the metabolic syndrome. On the other hand, microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that repress target gene expression by inducing mRNA degradation and/or translation repression. Dysregulation of specific miRNAs in obesity may influence energy metabolism and cause insulin resistance, which leads to dyslipidemia, steatosis hepatis and type 2 diabetes. In the present study, we comprehensively analyzed and validated dysregulated miRNAs in ob/ob mouse liver, as well as miRNA groups based on miRNA gene cluster and gene family by using deep sequencing miRNA datasets. We found that over 13.8% of the total analyzed miRNAs were dysregulated, of which 37 miRNA species showed significantly differential expression. Further RT-qPCR analysis in some selected miRNAs validated the similar expression patterns observed in deep sequencing. Interestingly, we found that miRNA gene cluster and family always showed consistent dysregulation patterns in ob/ob mouse liver, although they had various enrichment levels. Functional enrichment analysis revealed the versatile physiological roles (over six signal pathways and five human diseases) of these miRNAs. Biological studies indicated that overexpression of miR-126 or inhibition of miR-24 in AML-12 cells attenuated free fatty acids-induced fat accumulation. Taken together, our data strongly suggest that obesity and metabolic disturbance are tightly associated with functional miRNAs. We also identified hepatic miRNA candidates serving as potential biomarkers for the diagnose of the metabolic syndrome.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Line', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Fatty Acids, Nonesterified', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Hepatocytes', 'High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing', 'Lipid Metabolism', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Metabolic Diseases', 'Mice', 'MicroRNAs', 'Multigene Family', 'Obesity', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Signal Transduction']
| 24,260,478
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D10.251.310'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308'], ['A11.436.348'], ['E05.393.760.319'], ['G03.458'], ['A03.620'], ['C18.452'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Structural asymmetry of the terminal catalytic complex in selenocysteine synthesis.
|
Selenocysteine (Sec), the 21(st) amino acid, is synthesized from a serine precursor in a series of reactions that require selenocysteine tRNA (tRNA(Sec)). In archaea and eukaryotes, O-phosphoseryl-tRNA(Sec):selenocysteinyl-tRNA(Sec) synthase (SepSecS) catalyzes the terminal synthetic reaction during which the phosphoseryl intermediate is converted into the selenocysteinyl moiety while being attached to tRNA(Sec). We have previously shown that only the SepSecS tetramer is capable of binding to and recognizing the distinct fold of tRNA(Sec). Because only two of the four tRNA-binding sites were occupied in the crystal form, a question was raised regarding whether the observed arrangement and architecture faithfully recapitulated the physiologically relevant ribonucleoprotein complex important for selenoprotein formation. Herein, we determined the stoichiometry of the human terminal synthetic complex of selenocysteine by using small angle x-ray scattering, multi-angle light scattering, and analytical ultracentrifugation. In addition, we provided the first estimate of the ratio between SepSecS and tRNA(Sec) in vivo. We show that SepSecS preferentially binds one or two tRNA(Sec) molecules at a time and that the enzyme is present in large molar excess over the substrate tRNA in vivo. Moreover, we show that in a complex between SepSecS and two tRNAs, one enzyme homodimer plays a role of the noncatalytic unit that positions CCA ends of two tRNA(Sec) molecules into the active site grooves of the other, catalytic, homodimer. Finally, our results demonstrate that the previously determined crystal structure represents the physiologically and catalytically relevant complex and suggest that allosteric regulation of SepSecS might play an important role in regulation of selenocysteine and selenoprotein synthesis.
|
['Allosteric Site', 'Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases', 'Catalytic Domain', 'Diffusion', 'Escherichia coli', 'Humans', 'Light', 'Protein Interaction Mapping', 'Protein Multimerization', 'RNA', 'RNA, Transfer', 'Scattering, Radiation', 'Selenocysteine', 'Tryptophan', 'Ultracentrifugation', 'X-Ray Diffraction']
| 25,190,812
|
[['G02.111.570.120.147'], ['D08.811.464.263.200'], ['G02.111.570.120.704', 'G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.188'], ['G01.202', 'G02.196'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['E05.601.690'], ['G02.111.694'], ['D13.444.735'], ['D13.444.735.757'], ['E05.196.822', 'G01.867'], ['D02.731.600', 'D02.886.030.230.700', 'D12.125.166.230.700'], ['D12.125.072.050.850', 'D12.125.142.875'], ['E05.181.724', 'E05.196.941'], ['E05.196.309.742', 'E05.196.822.950', 'G01.867.950', 'G02.965']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Excess processing of oxidative damaged bases causes hypersensitivity to oxidative stress and low dose rate irradiation.
|
Ionizing radiations such as X-ray and ã-ray can directly or indirectly produce clustered or multiple damages in DNA. Previous studies have reported that overexpression of DNA glycosylases in Escherichia coli (E. coli) and human lymphoblast cells caused increased sensitivity to ã-ray and X-ray irradiation. However, the effects and the mechanisms of other radiation, such as low dose rate radiation, heavy-ion beams, or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), are still poorly understood. In the present study, we constructed a stable HeLaS3 cell line overexpressing human 8-oxoguanine DNA N-glycosylase 1 (hOGG1) protein. We determined the survival of HeLaS3 and HeLaS3/hOGG1 cells exposed to UV, heavy-ion beams, ã-rays, and H2O2. The results showed that HeLaS3 cells overexpressing hOGG1 were more sensitive to ã-rays, OH(•), and H2O2, but not to UV or heavy-ion beams, than control HeLaS3. We further determined the levels of 8-oxoG foci and of chromosomal double-strand breaks (DSBs) by detecting ã-H2AX foci formation in DNA. The results demonstrated that both ã-rays and H2O2 induced 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) foci formation in HeLaS3 cells. hOGG1-overexpressing cells had increased amounts of ã-H2AX foci and decreased amounts of 8-oxoG foci compared with HeLaS3 control cells. These results suggest that excess hOGG1 removes the oxidatively damaged 8-oxoG in DNA more efficiently and therefore generates more DSBs. Micronucleus formation also supported this conclusion. Low dose-rate ã-ray effects were also investigated. We first found that overexpression of hOGG1 also caused increased sensitivity to low dose rate ã-ray irradiation. The rate of micronucleus formation supported the notion that low dose rate irradiation increased genome instability.
|
['Biomarkers', 'DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded', 'DNA Damage', 'DNA Glycosylases', 'DNA Repair', 'Enzyme Induction', 'Gamma Rays', 'Guanine', 'HeLa Cells', 'Heavy Ions', 'Histones', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Hydroxyl Radical', 'Micronucleus Tests', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Radiation Tolerance', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Transfection', 'Ultraviolet Rays']
| 26,059,740
|
[['D23.101'], ['G05.200.210.220'], ['G05.200'], ['D08.811.074.249', 'D08.811.277.450.430.099'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['G05.308.320.200'], ['G01.358.500.505.300', 'G01.750.250.300', 'G01.750.750.400'], ['D03.633.100.759.758.399.454'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['G01.249.467'], ['D12.776.157.687.485', 'D12.776.660.720.485', 'D12.776.664.469'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['D01.045.250.357', 'D01.248.497.158.459.300', 'D01.339.431.249'], ['E05.393.560.598'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['G04.712', 'G07.738'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Calibrationless quantitative analysis by indirect UV absorbance detection in capillary zone electrophoresis: the concept of the conversion factor.
|
A new, fast and efficient procedure is described for the simultaneous quantitative analysis of various non-UV absorbing species in a sample, by capillary zone electrophoresis with indirect UV absorbance detection. The procedure is based on the concept of the conversion factor (CF). The CF of an analyte is defined as the ratio of the measured temporal peak area and the product of its migration time and transfer ratio (TR). Thus defined, the CF is of general validity for all analytes separated and detected in a given background electrolyte (BGE), since it has the same value for the same amounts of various analytes. If a sample is enriched with a known concentration of a standard component and analyzed by CZE, the CF of this standard component can be calculated and then the concentrations of all other analytes can be determined, without the use of any calibration graph. The individual TRs can be determined a priori from tabulated ionic mobilities and pK values of the analytes and of the constituents of the BGE or, for strong analytes, by using experimental data from the electropherogram of the analysis itself. The practical procedure of the analysis includes enrichment of the sample with a known quantity of a suitable standard and a single CZE run of the resulting mixture. The injected volume does not need to be known and thus the procedure also eliminates the injection error. The proposed procedure has been verified experimentally and reproducible and accurate values were obtained by using four different CZE apparatus for the analyses of standard mixtures of cations in three different BGEs.
|
['Calibration', 'Cations', 'Electrophoresis, Capillary', 'Models, Theoretical']
| 14,743,486
|
[['E05.978.155'], ['D01.248.497.300'], ['E05.196.401.190', 'E05.301.300.190'], ['E05.599']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Improving behavior using child-directed interaction skills: A case study determining cochlear implant candidacy.
|
OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Children with hearing loss (HL) are at increased risk of developing externalizing behavior problems (e.g., hyperactivity, attention problems). These problems can lead to cascading effects on children's overall development. However, few studies have identified evidence-based interventions for this population.CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 6-year-old boy with bilateral HL presented to the clinic with significant behavioral challenges. These challenges (e.g., fatigued quickly, poor attention, and hyperactivity) were affecting the reliability of audiological testing to determine cochlear implant candidacy. Thus, the child was referred for Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) to address these behavioral challenges.INTERVENTION AND TECHNIQUE: PCIT is an evidence-based intervention that has been shown to significantly improve externalizing behavior problems. This study describes how the Child-Directed Interaction phase of PCIT was tailored for a child with bilateral HL. The goal of the intervention was to reduce externalizing behaviors in order to reliably complete a cochlear implant evaluation. Post-intervention, significant improvements were noted in behavior, including a decrease in disruptive behavior to normal levels. This led to completion of previously unsuccessful audiological testing and determination of cochlear implant candidacy.CONCLUSION: This study illustrates how PCIT was successfully tailored to one child with an HL. This is critical as children with HL are at risk for behavior problems, and effective interventions for disruptive behaviors in children with HL may lead to significant improvements in medical and psychosocial outcomes for children with HL and their families.
|
['Audiometry', 'Behavior Therapy', 'Child', 'Child Behavior Disorders', 'Cochlear Implantation', 'Family Therapy', 'Hearing Loss, Bilateral', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Patient Selection']
| 25,856,530
|
[['E01.370.382.375.060'], ['F04.754.137'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F03.625.141'], ['E04.580.450.220', 'E04.650.220'], ['F04.754.864.581.273'], ['C09.218.458.341.374', 'C10.597.751.418.341.374', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.581.500.653', 'N04.590.731']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
External validity of a cardiovascular screening including a coronary artery calcium examination in middle-aged individuals from the general population.
|
Background Coronary artery calcium is important in cardiovascular risk stratification, but this knowledge is based on studies with a significant selection bias. This study aims to evaluate the external validity of a screening programme including coronary artery calcium examination, and the association between coronary artery calcium and cardiovascular events. Design Multi-centre population based study. Methods Randomly selected middle-aged men and women ( N = 1751) free of cardiovascular disease were invited to the examination during 2009-2010. Participation rate in the examination was 70%. Participants ( n = 1227) and non-participants ( n = 524) were compared regarding: cardiovascular medical treatment, Charlson comorbidity index and socioeconomic status (evaluated by cohabitation, gross income and education). Study endpoints were cardiovascular events and mortality. Results Non-participants had a significant higher comorbidity ( p = 0.003) and a lower socioeconomic status ( p < 0.0001), while cardiovascular medical treatment was alike. Over a median follow-up time of 6.5 years the cardiovascular event and mortality rates were equal (6.7% vs. 6.4%, p = 0.80 and 0.4% vs. 0.5%, p = 0.76, respectively). Adjusted hazard ratio was 0.90 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.63-1.37). Among participants, the extent of coronary artery calcium was significantly associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events (hazard ratio 1.92, 95% CI 1.03-3.54, hazard ratio 3.66, 95% CI 1.82-7.32, hazard ratio 6.51, 95% CI 3.17-13.36 for coronary artery calcium scores 1-99, 100-399, ?400 AU, respectively). Conclusions Non-participants had a higher comorbidity index and a lower socioeconomic status, but the cardiovascular event and mortality rates were equal to those of participants. Thus, a screening programme including a coronary artery calcium examination had a high external validity regarding cardiovascular risk, but also a significant social imbalance.
|
['Calcium', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Coronary Vessels', 'Denmark', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Mass Screening', 'Middle Aged', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Vascular Calcification']
| 29,719,966
|
[['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['A07.015.114.269', 'A07.015.908.194'], ['Z01.542.816.124'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['C18.452.174.130.780']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Regulation of glucose metabolism in rat adrenal gland in alloxan-diabetes: the possible role of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate.
|
The level of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate is markedly decreased in the rat V.renal gland in diabetes, falling to 23% of the control value. There is parallel decrease in the flux of 14C-labelled glucose through the glycolytic route and tricarboxylic acid cycle. Only minimal changes in hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1.), a 22% decrease in Type I hexokinase of the soluble fraction, were observed, highlighting the probable significant involvement of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate in the regulation of glycolysis in the adrenal. In contrast, there was evidence for a marked rise in the flux of glucose through the pentose phosphate pathway, which may be linked to enhanced corticoid synthesis in the diabetic state.
|
['Adrenal Glands', 'Animals', 'Citric Acid Cycle', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'Fructosediphosphates', 'Glucose', 'Glycolysis', 'Hexokinase', 'Hexosediphosphates', 'Isoenzymes', 'Male', 'Pentosephosphates', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains']
| 6,547,341
|
[['A06.300.071'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.165', 'G03.295.342', 'G03.493.170'], ['C18.452.394.750.074', 'C19.246.240', 'E05.598.500.374'], ['D09.894.417.313.300', 'D09.894.417.592.300'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['G02.111.158.750', 'G03.191.750', 'G03.295.436', 'G03.493.360'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.300'], ['D09.894.417.592'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['D09.894.643'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Correlation between plasma fibronectin level and experimental rat heat stress mortality.
|
Reticuloendothelial system (RES) clearance function correlates with the mortality rate associated with stresses that can induce shock. Likewise, experimental rat heat stress (ERHS) mortality rate is altered by modulation of RES function. Since plasma fibronectin (PF) in many instances appears to mediate in vivo phagocytosis by the RES, the relationship between mean plasma fibronectin level (MPFL) and ERHS mortality was examined. A comparison of MPFLs prior to ERHS revealed that rats which ultimately comprised the survival group had a MPFL of 269.0 +/- 11.2 micrograms/ml, whereas that of the nonsurvivors was 252.9 +/- 11.9 micrograms/ml. Both groups had elevated MPFLs up to 12 h following ERHS. However, after this time, MPFL began to decline. The decline was more severe for the nonsurvivors, with MPFLs at 15, 18, and 20.3 h significantly (P less than 0.01) lower than the values for the survival group. Even the lowest MPFL (256.0 +/- 30.7 micrograms/ml) noted for the survival group was still significantly (P less than 0.01) higher than the value (159.3 +/- 13.3 micrograms/ml) determined for agonal samples collected from nonsurvivors. Furthermore, grouping rats according to their preheat PF level demonstrated that rats with levels exceeding 300 micrograms/ml had significantly (P less than 0.05) reduced mortality rates (12.5 vs. 51.3%) compared with rats with levels below this value. It was concluded that elevated PF levels prior to ERHS correlated with thermotolerance.
|
['Animals', 'Fibronectins', 'Hot Temperature', 'Male', 'Mononuclear Phagocyte System', 'Rats', 'Stress, Physiological']
| 4,055,560
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.377.715.390', 'D12.776.395.550.350', 'D12.776.543.550.350', 'D12.776.860.300.450'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['A15.382.670'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G07.775']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Respiratory compensation and blood pH regulation during variable intensity exercise in trained versus untrained subjects.
|
To determine whether endurance-trained cyclists (T; n = 10) have a superior blood-respiratory buffering for metabolic acidosis relative to untrained subjects (UT; n = 10) during variable intensity exercise (VAR). On three occasions, T and UT pedaled for 24 min alternating high- and low-intensities as percentage of their second ventilatory threshold (VT2): VAR(LOW) 87.5-37.5% VT2, VAR(MODERATE) 125-25% VT2, and VAR(HIGH) 162.5-12.5% VT2 to complete the same amount of work. Before and just after each VAR trial, maximal cycling power (P(MAX)) was assessed. For each trial, the respiratory compensation for exercise acidosis (ventilatory equivalent for CO2) and the final blood pH, lactate and bicarbonate concentrations were similar for T and UT subjects. However, after VAR(HIGH), UT reduced P(MAX) (-14 +/- 1%; P < 0.05) while T did not. Our data suggest that endurance training confers adaptations to withstand the low pH provoked by VAR without losing cycling power, although this response is not due to differences in blood-respiratory buffering.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Anaerobic Threshold', 'Blood Chemical Analysis', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Male', 'Physical Exertion', 'Physical Fitness', 'Pulmonary Ventilation', 'Young Adult']
| 19,513,741
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['G03.680.110', 'G11.427.680.134'], ['E01.370.225.124.100', 'E05.200.124.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['G11.427.683'], ['G11.427.685', 'I03.450.642.845.054.800', 'N01.400.545'], ['E01.370.386.700.660', 'G09.772.650'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A novel strategy to screen inhibitors of multiple aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
|
Resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics occurs primarily as a result of aminoglycoside-modification enzymes (AMEs) that modify the antibiotics. In this work, a novel strategy to combat the effects of antibiotic resistance was developed by screening multiple AMEs inhibitors with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF MS). The method screened inhibitors of three AMEs (AAC(6')-APH(2"), AAC(6') and APH(2")) simultaneously through measuring the acetyltransferase activity and phosphotransferase activity of AAC(6')-APH(2") enzyme in a single assay. Screening inhibitors of multiple targets could greatly improve the screening efficiency at early-stages of drug discovery. In this study, enzyme reaction conditions including cosubstrate, enzyme concentration and cosubstrate concentration were optimized. The inhibition constants (Ki) for two known inhibitors, paromomycin and quercetin, were determined to be 1.23 and 20.27 ìM, respectively. The assay was further validated through the determination of a high Z' factor value of 0.73. The developed assay was applied to screen a chemical library against bifunctional AAC(6')-APH(2'') enzyme. Using this assay, two pyrimidinyl indole derivatives were found to be potent, and effective AAC(6')-APH(2'') inhibitors. The assay of exploring the selective inhibitory effect on two AAC(6')-APH(2'') active sites was further performed. Two pyrimidinyl indole derivatives were found to exhibit striking inhibitory activities on AAC(6').
|
['Acetyltransferases', 'Aminoglycosides', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Drug Discovery', 'Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial', 'Enzyme Assays', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Indoles', 'Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)', 'Pyrimidines', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry']
| 30,458,385
|
[['D08.811.913.050.134'], ['D09.408.051'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D12.776.097'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['E05.295', 'H01.158.703.007.675', 'H01.181.466.675'], ['E05.290.750', 'E05.337.550'], ['G06.099.225.812', 'G06.225.347.812', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.812', 'G07.690.773.984.300.500'], ['E05.196.427'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['D08.811.913.696.620'], ['D03.383.742'], ['E05.196.566.880']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Intermolecular contacts influencing the conformational and geometric features of the pharmaceutically preferred mebendazole polymorph C.
|
Mebendazole (MBZ) is a common benzimidazole anthelmintic that exists in three different polymorphic forms, A, B, and C. Polymorph C is the pharmaceutically preferred form due to its adequated aqueous solubility. No single crystal structure determinations depicting the nature of the crystal packing and molecular conformation and geometry have been performed on this compound. The crystal structure of mebendazole form C is resolved for the first time. Mebendazole form C crystallizes in the triclinic centrosymmetric space group and this drug is practically planar, since the least-squares methyl benzimidazolylcarbamate plane is much fitted on the forming atoms. However, the benzoyl group is twisted by 31(1) degrees from the benzimidazole ring, likewise the torsional angle between the benzene and carbonyl moieties is 27(1) degrees. The formerly described bends and other interesting intramolecular geometry features were viewed as consequence of the intermolecular contacts occurring within mebendazole C structure. Among these features, a conjugation decreasing through the imine nitrogen atom of the benzimidazole core and a further resonance path crossing the carbamate one were described. At last, the X-ray powder diffractogram of a form C rich mebendazole mixture was overlaid to the calculated one with the mebendazole crystal structure.
|
['Antinematodal Agents', 'Crystallization', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Dimerization', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen Bonding', 'Mebendazole', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Solubility']
| 18,855,910
|
[['D27.505.954.122.250.075.080'], ['E05.196.300', 'G02.171'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['G02.206', 'G03.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.282'], ['D02.241.081.251.415', 'D03.633.100.103.600'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['G02.805']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A higher alanine aminotransferase level correlates with earlier hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion in lamivudine-treated chronic hepatitis B patients.
|
BACKGROUND/AIMS: A pretherapy serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level above five times the upper limit of normal (ULN) is known to predict hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion during lamivudine therapy for chronic hepatitis B patients. However, whether an even higher pretherapy serum ALT value or other viral factors could affect treatment responses remains unclear.PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 253 HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B patients who had a pretherapy serum ALT level over five times ULN and received lamivudine for 12-18 months were retrospectively collected. Among these patients, 38% had received prior lamivudine treatment. HBeAg seroconversion was the primary endpoint of treatment. Baseline clinical and viral features were compared between responders and non-responders at the end of treatment and 6 months post-treatment.RESULTS: At the end of therapy, the overall HBeAg seroconversion rate was 33.6%. For lamivudine-na?ve patients, the HBeAg seroconversion rate was 37.8%. Subgroup analysis showed that patients with pretherapy ALT levels over 10 times ULN had a significantly higher HBeAg seroconversion rate than those with a pretherapy ALT level between five and 10 times ULN at 3 months (P=0.045) and 6 months (P=0.037) of lamivudine treatment. No significant difference was found in terms of pretherapy serum ALT values, viral load and genotypes between seroconverters and non-seroconverters.CONCLUSIONS: For lamivudine-treated HBeAg-positive patients with pretherapy ALT levels over five times ULN, an even higher ALT level could predict earlier HBeAg seroconversion; however, neither ALT levels nor viral factors correlate with higher response rates after 12-18 months of treatment.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Alanine Transaminase', 'DNA, Viral', 'Female', 'Hepatitis B e Antigens', 'Hepatitis B, Chronic', 'Humans', 'Lamivudine', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors', 'Young Adult']
| 18,492,018
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D08.811.913.477.700.100'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['D23.050.327.495.500.469'], ['C01.221.250.500.100', 'C01.925.256.430.400.100', 'C01.925.440.435.100', 'C06.552.380.350.100', 'C06.552.380.705.437.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.383.742.680.245.500.950.500', 'D13.570.230.329.950.500', 'D13.570.230.500.925.500', 'D13.570.685.245.500.950.500'], ['C06.552.630', 'C23.550.355.412'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['D27.505.519.389.675.850', 'D27.505.954.122.388.308'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Flight-induced changes in human amino acid excretion.
|
A biomedical appraisal of flight stress was made by means of a battery of urinary determinations on crewmen who participated in a 96-h airborne alert. The crewmen were divided into three teams, each consisting of 16 members and each manning an EC-135J aircraft. These teams took turns so as to assure that one team was airborne at all times during the alert; flights lasted either 8.5 or 12 h. Preflight baseline data were collected from only one of the three teams. Based on baseline and flight data obtained for that team, urea excretion correlated well with amino acid output which, in turn, correlated remarkably well with alpha-amino nitrogen output. These data collectively revealed the following flight effects: a) marked anticipatory stress immediately before the start of the airborne alert, b) marked flight stress late in each flight flown during the first 48 h, and c) adaptation to flight stress during the final 48 h.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Aerospace Medicine', 'Amino Acids', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Creatinine', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Methylhistidines', 'Nitrogen', 'Stress, Physiological', 'Urea']
| 1,247,428
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['H02.403.029'], ['D12.125'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.125.072.329.539'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['G07.775'], ['D02.065.950']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Vitamin C effect on mitoxantrone-induced cytotoxicity in human breast cancer cell lines.
|
In recent years the use of natural dietary antioxidants to minimize the cytotoxicity and the damage induced in normal tissues by antitumor agents is gaining consideration. In literature, it is reported that vitamin C exhibits some degree of antineoplastic activity whereas Mitoxantrone (MTZ) is a synthetic anti-cancer drug with significant clinical effectiveness in the treatment of human malignancies but with severe side effects. Therefore, we have investigated the effect of vitamin C alone or combined with MTZ on MDA-MB231 and MCF7 human breast cancer cell lines to analyze their dose-effect on the tumor cellular growth, cellular death, cell cycle and cell signaling. Our results have evidenced that there is a dose-dependence on the inhibition of the breast carcinoma cell lines, MCF7 and MDA-MB231, treated with vitamin C and MTZ. Moreover, their combination induces: i) a cytotoxic effect by apoptotic death, ii) a mild G2/M elongation and iii) H2AX and mild PI3K activation. Hence, the formulation of vitamin C with MTZ induces a higher cytotoxicity level on tumor cells compared to a disjointed treatment. We have also found that the vitamin C enhances the MTZ effect allowing the utilization of lower chemotherapic concentrations in comparison to the single treatments.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Antioxidants', 'Apoptosis', 'Ascorbic Acid', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Female', 'G2 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints', 'Histones', 'Humans', 'M Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints', 'MCF-7 Cells', 'Mitoxantrone', 'Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases', 'Signal Transduction']
| 25,531,443
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D02.241.081.844.107', 'D02.241.511.902.107', 'D09.811.100'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.144.109.500', 'G04.144.500.340.500'], ['D12.776.157.687.485', 'D12.776.660.720.485', 'D12.776.664.469'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G04.144.109.750', 'G04.144.220.220.781.337', 'G05.113.220.781.338'], ['A11.251.210.190.630'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.117.159.500', 'D02.806.100.500', 'D04.615.117.159.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.500'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Acid-base disturbances in acute poisoning and their association with survival.
|
PURPOSE: The purpose was to investigate the association between acid-base disturbances and mortality in acute poisoning.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective cross-sectional exploratory study on all acutely poisoned patients older than 12 years who had been admitted to the main tertiary toxicology hospital in Tehran between March and August 2010.RESULTS: Of a total of 1167 patients (median age=25 years, 50.9% male), 98 died (74.5% male). Psychotropic medications were the most common cause of poisoning (36.5%), whereas narcotics and psychodysleptics were the most common cause of death (23.5%). Mixed respiratory alkalosis and metabolic acidosis with normal pH were the most common acid-base status (333, 28.5%). However, patients with primary metabolic acidosis and respiratory compensation had significantly higher mortality (31 cases, 18.8%). Logistic regression analysis identified age (odds ratio [OR], 1.051; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.031-1.070; P<.001), intensive care unit admission (OR, 12.405; 95% CI, 7.178-21.440; P<.001), consciousness level (OR, 1.752; 95% CI, 1.301-2.359; P<.001), hospitalization period (OR, 1.1361; 95% CI, 1.079-1.195; P<.001), severe metabolic acidosis (OR, 6.016; 95% CI, 1.647-21.968; P=.007), and primary respiratory alkalosis (OR, 5.579; 95% CI, 1.353-23.001; P=.017) as death predictors during hospitalization (P<.001).CONCLUSION: On-arrival acid-base status predicts survival and can be used in prognostication of the poisoned patients.
|
['Acidosis', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Blood Gas Analysis', 'Critical Care', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Intensive Care Units', 'Iran', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Point-of-Care Testing', 'Poisoning', 'Psychotropic Drugs', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Survival Analysis']
| 27,481,740
|
[['C18.452.076.176'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.100', 'E01.370.386.700.100', 'E05.200.124.100.100'], ['E02.760.190', 'N02.421.585.190'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['N02.278.388.493'], ['Z01.252.245.500.350'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N04.590.874.500'], ['C25.723'], ['D27.505.954.427.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Myopia: a collagen disease?
|
Myopia is an increasingly important public health problem in the world. Even though previous studies have strongly implicated a role of certain environmental factors such as visual near-work in myopia development, the pathogenesis of this disease still remains unclear. There is evidence showing that myopia is primarily a hereditary condition, combined with or without environmental influence or individual habitual factors. Recent research suggests that collagens in the sclera play an important role in the development of myopia. Based on a literature review after a Medline search on articles on myopia, changes in scleral collagen appeared to underlie or be associated with the pathogenetic factors (including inheritance) involved in myopia development. Therefore, we hypothesized that myopia is a disorder, in which alterations of scleral collagens may be responsible for the pathological changes found in it.
|
['Collagen', 'Collagen Diseases', 'Humans', 'Models, Biological', 'Myopia', 'Sclera', 'Scleral Diseases']
| 19,616,386
|
[['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['C17.300.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395'], ['C11.744.636'], ['A09.371.784'], ['C11.790']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Differences in oxygen-dependent regulation of enzymes between tumor and normal cell systems in culture.
|
Metabolic studies in tumor cells have indicated that bioenergetic regulatory mechanisms geared to acute changes in oxygen availability are abnormal. In the present studies we have examined bioenergetic adaptations to chronic oxygen depletion in culture maintained tumor cells in comparison to normal cell lines. Activities of two key glycolytic enzymes (pyruvate kinase (PyKI) and phosphofructokinase (PFK)) were measured in two tumor cell lines (fibrosarcoma (FS) and Hela) and two normal cell lines (rat lung fibroblasts (RLF) and WI-38) maintained in culture for up to 96 hours under aerobic (PO2 approximately 140) and hypoxic PO2 approximately 15) conditions. Exposure to low O2 tensions for 96 hours resulted in significant increases in PyKi and PFK in both RLF and WI-38, ut did not alter activities of these enzymes in either FS or HeLa cell systems. Activities of two enzymes involved in O2 metabolism (cytochrome oxidase (CyOx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were also measured in the two tumor cell lines and in RLF. chronic hypoxia significantly decreased the activities of CyOx and SOD in RLF cell systems but did not alter the activities of these enzymes in the tumor cells. In these studies, the tumor-derived cell lines do not demonstrate specific enzymatic responses to sustained oxygen depletion in vitro noted in normal cell systems, suggesting significant abnormalities in regulatory mechanisms geared to chronic changes in molecular O2.
|
['Cell Line', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Electron Transport Complex IV', 'Energy Metabolism', 'Glycolysis', 'Hypoxia', 'Lung', 'Neoplasms, Experimental', 'Phosphofructokinase-1', 'Pyruvate Kinase', 'Superoxide Dismutase']
| 6,270,167
|
[['A11.251.210'], ['A11.251'], ['D05.500.562.374', 'D08.811.600.250.687', 'D08.811.682.285', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.875.304', 'D12.776.543.277.687', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.875.484'], ['G03.295'], ['G02.111.158.750', 'G03.191.750', 'G03.295.436', 'G03.493.360'], ['C23.888.852.079'], ['A04.411'], ['C04.619', 'E05.598.500.496'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.225.850.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.695'], ['D08.811.682.881']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
HIPAA compliance not so great? Maybe it's time to coordinate.
|
Healthcare laws and regulations these days, particularly HIPAA and its associated technology implications, have become a maze of layers that intrude on everyday operations and require new approaches to compliance.
|
['Government Regulation', 'Guideline Adherence', 'Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act', 'Hospital Administration', 'Risk Management', 'United States']
| 17,883,240
|
[['I01.880.604.394', 'N03.706.358'], ['N04.761.337', 'N05.715.360.395'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.349', 'N03.706.615.273'], ['H02.309', 'N02.278.216.500', 'N04.452.442.452'], ['N03.219.463.800', 'N04.452.871'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Spondylocheiro dysplastic form of the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome--an autosomal-recessive entity caused by mutations in the zinc transporter gene SLC39A13.
|
We present clinical, radiological, biochemical, and genetic findings on six patients from two consanguineous families that show EDS-like features and radiological findings of a mild skeletal dysplasia. The EDS-like findings comprise hyperelastic, thin, and bruisable skin, hypermobility of the small joints with a tendency to contractures, protuberant eyes with bluish sclerae, hands with finely wrinkled palms, atrophy of the thenar muscles, and tapering fingers. The skeletal dysplasia comprises platyspondyly with moderate short stature, osteopenia, and widened metaphyses. Patients have an increased ratio of total urinary pyridinolines, lysyl pyridinoline/hydroxylysyl pyridinoline (LP/HP), of approximately 1 as opposed to approximately 6 in EDS VI or approximately 0.2 in controls. Lysyl and prolyl residues of collagens were underhydroxylated despite normal lysyl hydroxylase and prolyl 4-hydroxylase activities; underhydroxylation was a generalized process as shown by mass spectrometry of the alpha1(I)- and alpha2(I)-chain-derived peptides of collagen type I and involved at least collagen types I and II. A genome-wide SNP scan and sequence analyses identified in all patients a homozygous c.483_491 del9 SLC39A13 mutation that encodes for a membrane-bound zinc transporter SLC39A13. We hypothesize that an increased Zn(2+) content inside the endoplasmic reticulum competes with Fe(2+), a cofactor that is necessary for hydroxylation of lysyl and prolyl residues, and thus explains the biochemical findings. These data suggest an entity that we have designated "spondylocheiro dysplastic form of EDS (SCD-EDS)" to indicate a generalized skeletal dysplasia involving mainly the spine (spondylo) and striking clinical abnormalities of the hands (cheiro) in addition to the EDS-like features.
|
['Adult', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Amino Acids', 'Base Sequence', 'Cation Transport Proteins', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Collagen', 'Consanguinity', 'DNA', 'Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome', 'Female', 'Genes, Recessive', 'Haplotypes', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'Pedigree', 'Phenotype', 'Sequence Deletion', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid']
| 18,513,683
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D12.125'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.250', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['G05.090.403.180', 'G05.180'], ['D13.444.308'], ['C14.907.454.240', 'C15.378.463.515.240', 'C16.131.831.428', 'C16.320.850.260', 'C17.300.200.310', 'C17.800.804.428', 'C17.800.827.260'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.415', 'G05.420.325'], ['G05.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['E05.393.673'], ['G05.695'], ['G05.365.590.762', 'G05.558.800'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The influence of prior therapy on the success of trabeculectomy.
|
The role of early surgery in the management of primary open angle glaucoma is under debate. To determine whether previous medical therapy influences the outcome of subsequent trabeculectomy, we retrospectively reviewed the results of surgery in two groups of patients. The first group underwent primary trabeculectomy, having had an average of 2 weeks of preoperative medical therapy, and this group was compared with a group of patients who had received at least 1 year of topical glaucoma therapy before undergoing trabeculectomy (the multiple-treatment group). The two groups were similar in terms of a number of variables, including race, age, sex, presenting intraocular pressures, and presenting visual fields, and they differed only in the known duration of their disease. The success rate of trabeculectomy was significantly higher in the primary trabeculectomy group as compared with that in the multiple-treatment group (P less than .001). We discuss the possible reasons for this difference and its implications for the future management of primary open angle glaucoma.
|
['Aged', 'Female', 'Glaucoma, Open-Angle', 'Humans', 'Laser Therapy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Ophthalmic Solutions', 'Preoperative Care', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Statistics as Topic', 'Trabeculectomy']
| 2,244,836
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C11.525.381.407'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.594', 'E04.014.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D26.776.708.645', 'D27.505.954.578.645', 'D27.720.752.608'], ['E02.760.795', 'E04.604.750', 'N02.421.585.795'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830'], ['E04.540.450.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Critical assessment of three high performance liquid chromatography analytical methods for food carotenoid quantification.
|
Three sets of extraction/saponification/HPLC conditions for food carotenoid quantification were technically and economically compared. Samples were analysed for carotenoids alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein, lycopene, and zeaxanthin. All methods demonstrated good performance in the analysis of a composite food standard reference material for the analytes they are applicable to. Methods using two serial connected C(18) columns and a mobile phase based on acetonitrile, achieved a better carotenoid separation than the method using a mobile phase based on methanol and one C(18)-column. Carotenoids from leafy green vegetable matrices appeared to be better extracted with a mixture of methanol and tetrahydrofuran than with tetrahydrofuran alone. Costs of carotenoid determination in foods were lower for the method with mobile phase based on methanol. However for some food matrices and in the case of E-Z isomer separations, this was not technically satisfactory. Food extraction with methanol and tetrahydrofuran with direct evaporation of these solvents, and saponification (when needed) using pyrogallol as antioxidant, combined with a HPLC system using a slight gradient mobile phase based on acetonitrile and a stationary phase composed by two serial connected C(18) columns was the most technically and economically favourable method.
|
['Acetonitriles', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Carotenoids', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Food Analysis', 'Fruit', 'Furans', 'Methanol', 'Vegetables']
| 20,399,439
|
[['D02.626.080'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249', 'D02.455.849.131', 'D23.767.261'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['E05.362', 'J01.576.423.850.100'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['D03.383.312'], ['D02.033.623'], ['B01.650.160.956', 'B01.650.510.956', 'G07.203.300.850', 'J02.500.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Ureteral catheterization and patient mobilization: is bed restriction mandatory?
|
OBJECTIVES: We determined whether patient mobilization influences ureteral catheter position in the collecting system.METHODS: 26 consecutive patients (28 renal units) who underwent ureteral catheterization for the purpose of retrograde pyelography or the relief of ureteral obstruction, were included. The position of the catheter's tip within the collecting system and versus the vertebrae was determined for each patient in the baseline supine position; standing upright, and supine again after walking a distance of 5 m. Catheteral displacement was determined by comparing its position in the upright and supine post-walking postures to its original position with the patient supine before any maneuver was undertaken.RESULTS: Assuming the upright position caused an average downward displacement of ureteral catheters by 7.8 mm (ranges 36 mm downward to 14 mm upward displacements, p = 0.0014). In the supine posture following a 5-meter walk, the catheters were downward displaced by 0. 36 mm on average (ranges 12 mm downward and 30 mm upward displacements p = 0.8). None of the ureteral catheters migrated below the uretero-pelvic junction during any phase of the above maneuvers.CONCLUSION: The position of ureteral catheters remains unchanged within the collecting system when patients stand or walk for 5 m. Therefore, mandatory bed restriction is not justified in patients with ureteral catheters.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immobilization', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Posture', 'Prospective Studies', 'Radiography', 'Reference Values', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Ureteral Obstruction', 'Urinary Catheterization']
| 10,450,009
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.472'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G11.427.695'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['C12.777.725.776', 'C13.351.968.725.776'], ['E01.370.390.820', 'E02.148.947', 'E05.157.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Dynamics of actin-based movement by Rickettsia rickettsii in vero cells.
|
Actin-based motility (ABM) is a virulence mechanism exploited by invasive bacterial pathogens in the genera Listeria, Shigella, and Rickettsia. Due to experimental constraints imposed by the lack of genetic tools and their obligate intracellular nature, little is known about rickettsial ABM relative to Listeria and Shigella ABM systems. In this study, we directly compared the dynamics and behavior of ABM of Rickettsia rickettsii and Listeria monocytogenes. A time-lapse video of moving intracellular bacteria was obtained by laser-scanning confocal microscopy of infected Vero cells synthesizing beta-actin coupled to green fluorescent protein (GFP). Analysis of time-lapse images demonstrated that R. rickettsii organisms move through the cell cytoplasm at an average rate of 4.8 +/- 0.6 micrometer/min (mean +/- standard deviation). This speed was 2.5 times slower than that of L. monocytogenes, which moved at an average rate of 12.0 +/- 3.1 micrometers/min. Although rickettsiae moved more slowly, the actin filaments comprising the actin comet tail were significantly more stable, with an average half-life approximately three times that of L. monocytogenes (100.6 +/- 19.2 s versus 33.0 +/- 7.6 s, respectively). The actin tail associated with intracytoplasmic rickettsiae remained stationary in the cytoplasm as the organism moved forward. In contrast, actin tails of rickettsiae trapped within the nucleus displayed dramatic movements. The observed phenotypic differences between the ABM of Listeria and Rickettsia may indicate fundamental differences in the mechanisms of actin recruitment and polymerization.
|
['Actins', 'Animals', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Chlorocebus aethiops', 'Half-Life', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Movement', 'Rickettsia rickettsii', 'Vero Cells', 'Virulence']
| 10,417,192
|
[['D05.750.078.730.250', 'D12.776.210.500.100', 'D12.776.220.525.255'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.126.110'], ['G01.910.405'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['B03.660.050.783.875.650.650.650'], ['A11.251.210.955', 'A11.436.955'], ['G06.930']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Tumor seeding in urological laparoscopy: an international survey.
|
PURPOSE: During the last 10 years laparoscopy has been applied to treat most urological pathology including malignancies. There has been concern regarding peritoneal dissemination and port site metastases. We undertook a survey to assess the incidence of this occurrence.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 50 international urology departments with experts in laparoscopic urological surgery were contacted for this study. Each site was asked to complete a 2-page survey regarding the volume of laparoscopic urological procedures and port site recurrences.RESULTS: Nineteen sites elected to participate. A total of 18750 laparoscopic procedures were performed, of which 10912 were for cancer. These included 2604 radical nephrectomies, 559 nephroureterectomies, 555 partial nephrectomies, 27 segmental ureterectomies, 3665 radical prostatectomies, 1869 pelvic lymph node dissections, 479 retroperitoneal lymph node dissections, 336 adrenalectomies and 108 procedures listed as other. Tumor seeding was reported in 13 cases (0.1%), including 3 nephroureterectomies for transitional cell carcinoma, 4 nephrectomies (incidental transitional cell carcinoma), 4 adrenalectomies for metastases, 1 retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for testicular cancer and 1 pelvic lymph node dissection for cancer of the penis. Port seeding occurred in 10 cases (0.09%) and peritoneal spread in 3 cases (0.03%).CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of tumor seeding after laparoscopic oncological surgery is rare and does not appear greater than what has been historically reported for open surgery. Tumor seeding seems to be most commonly related to the removal of high grade tumors and deviation from oncological surgical principles.
|
['Follow-Up Studies', 'Global Health', 'Humans', 'Laparoscopy', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplasm Seeding', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Time Factors', 'Urologic Neoplasms']
| 15,126,775
|
[['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['H02.403.371', 'N01.400.337'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['C04.697.650.830', 'C23.550.727.650.830'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['G01.910.857'], ['C04.588.945.947', 'C12.758.820', 'C13.351.937.820']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Evaluation of posterior capsule opacification of the Alcon Clareon IOL vs the Alcon Acrysof IOL using a human capsular bag model.
|
BACKGROUND: Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) after cataract surgery is influenced by intraocular lens (IOL) design and material. The following is an ex vivo comparison of PCO between the Clareon vs. the AcrySof IOL in human capsular bags.METHODS: Twenty cadaver capsular bags from 10 human donors were used, with the novel hydrophobic IOL (Clareon, CNA0T0) being implanted in one eye and the other eye of the same donor receiving the AcrySof IOL (SN60WF) following phacoemulsification cataract surgery. Five capsular bags of 3 donors served as controls without IOL. Cellular growth of lens epithelial cells was photo-documented daily. The primary endpoint was the time until full coverage of the posterior capsule by cells. Furthermore, immunofluorescence staining of capsular bags for the fibrotic markers f-actin, fibronectin, alpha smooth muscle actin, and collagen type 1 were performed.RESULTS: The new Clareon IOL did not show any disadvantages in terms of days until full cell coverage of the posterior capsule in comparison to the AcrySof (p > 0.99). Both, the Clareon (p = 0.01, 14.8 days) and the AcrySof IOL (p = 0.005, 15.7 days) showed a slower PCO development in comparison to the control (8.6 days). The fibrotic markers f-actin, fibronectin, alpha smooth muscle actin, and collagen type 1 were equally distributed between the two IOLs and differed from the control.CONCLUSIONS: A comparable performance has been found in the ex vivo formation of PCO between the two IOLs. Long-term clinical studies are necessary to reach final conclusions.
|
['Actins', 'Aged', 'Capsule Opacification', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Collagen Type I', 'Fibronectins', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect', 'Humans', 'Lens Implantation, Intraocular', 'Lenses, Intraocular', 'Middle Aged', 'Phacoemulsification', 'Posterior Capsule of the Lens', 'Prosthesis Design', 'Tissue Donors', 'Visual Acuity']
| 32,103,739
|
[['D05.750.078.730.250', 'D12.776.210.500.100', 'D12.776.220.525.255'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C11.510.245.500'], ['A11.251'], ['D05.750.078.280.300.100', 'D12.776.860.300.250.300.100'], ['D12.776.377.715.390', 'D12.776.395.550.350', 'D12.776.543.550.350', 'D12.776.860.300.450'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240.310', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240.310', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240.310', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240.310', 'E05.478.583.375.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.540.825.600'], ['E07.632.500.460', 'E07.695.460'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.540.825.249.704', 'E04.943.875'], ['A09.371.060.500.155.500'], ['E05.320.550', 'E07.695.680'], ['M01.898'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
ATP Maintenance via Two Types of ATP Regulators Mitigates Pathological Phenotypes in Mouse Models of Parkinson's Disease.
|
Parkinson's disease is assumed to be caused by mitochondrial dysfunction in the affected dopaminergic neurons in the brain. We have recently created small chemicals, KUSs (Kyoto University Substances), which can reduce cellular ATP consumption. By contrast, agonistic ligands of ERRs (estrogen receptor-related receptors) are expected to raise cellular ATP levels via enhancing ATP production. Here, we show that esculetin functions as an ERR agonist, and its addition to culture media enhances glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration, leading to elevated cellular ATP levels. Subsequently, we show the neuroprotective efficacies of KUSs, esculetin, and GSK4716 (an ERRã agonist) against cell death in Parkinson's disease models. In the surviving neurons, ATP levels and expression levels of á-synuclein and CHOP (an ER stress-mediated cell death executor) were all rectified. We propose that maintenance of ATP levels, by inhibiting ATP consumption or enhancing ATP production, or both, would be a promising therapeutic strategy for Parkinson's disease.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Animals', 'Cell Death', 'Culture Media', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Estrogens', 'Glycolysis', 'Glycosides', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Mitochondria', 'PC12 Cells', 'Parkinson Disease', 'Pregnenolone', 'Rats', 'Small Molecule Libraries']
| 28,780,078
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.146'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.277'], ['G02.111.158.750', 'G03.191.750', 'G03.295.436', 'G03.493.360'], ['D09.408'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['A11.251.210.190.750', 'A11.251.860.180.750', 'A11.299.500'], ['C10.228.140.079.862.500', 'C10.228.662.600.400', 'C10.574.928.750'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.725', 'D06.472.040.585.745', 'D06.472.334.851.687.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D27.720.470.765']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
3' IsomiR species and DNA contamination influence reliable quantification of microRNAs by stem-loop quantitative PCR.
|
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ?20-24 nucleotide-long regulatory RNAs that have been proven to play important roles in many cellular processes. Since their discovery, a number of different techniques have been developed to detect and accurately quantify them. For individual mature miRNA measurements, quantitative stem-loop real-time PCR represents a widely used method. Although there are some data on optimization of this technique, there are still many factors that have not been investigated yet. In this study, we have thoroughly optimized this technique and pointed out several important factors that influence reliable quantification. First, we found that total RNA input can affect the measurements. Second, our data showed that carryover DNA contamination could also mislead the detection in a sequence-specific manner. Additionally, we provided evidence that different 3' isomiR species of a particular miRNA can be reverse transcribed and cross-detected even by specifically targeted assays. Besides these, we have investigated the measurement of reaction efficiencies from total RNA samples and the accuracy of simultaneous reverse transcription reactions for increasing reliability and cost effectiveness without the loss of sensitivity and specificity. In summary, we provide a detailed, refined protocol for reliable detection of microRNA species by quantitative stem-loop PCR.
|
['DNA Contamination', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'MicroRNAs', 'Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Reproducibility of Results']
| 25,170,848
|
[['E01.370.225.998.293', 'E05.200.998.293', 'E05.393.290.573', 'E05.393.760.700.224', 'I01.198.780.937.375.500'], ['E05.393.332'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['E05.393.620.500.706'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Effect of wheat bran fiber on vitamin status of weaning rats with alimentary polyhypovitaminosis].
|
Effect of wheat bran on the vitamin status of rats adequately provided with vitamins or insufficiently supplied with vitamins has been investigated. 32 male Wistar weaning rats (initial body mass--49-67g) were randomly divided into 4 groups and fed with complete semi-synthetic diet, containing 100 or 20% of vitamin mixture with or without addition of wheat bran (5% of diet mass) for 35 days. The animals of the control group received 100% of vitamin mixture without adding of wheat bran; 2 group--received those diet with wheat bran; 3 deficient group--20% of vitamin mixture with full exclusion of vitamins E, B1 and B2; 4 group--20% of vitamin mixture and wheat bran. The inclusion of wheat bran in full semi-synthetic diet has been accompanied by significant decrease of alpha-tocopherol liver content on 17% (p = 0.006), significant increase of vitamin B1 liver level on the 16% (p = 0.027) and blood plasma vitamin D elevation on 19% (p = 0.017), as well as a tendency (p = 0.059) to increase the liver level of vitamin B2. Indicators of vitamin A status as well as plasma vitamin E concentration, liver and blood plasma MDA levels were not changed in this group rats. The 5-fold reduction of the vitamin mixture quota and the exclusion of vitamins E, B1 and B2 resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) 1.6-1.8 fold decreased in animal body weight and liver mass and the manifestation of the deep external signs of vitamin deficiency. Young animals were more sensitive than adult animals to a lack of vitamins in the diet. Vitamin A (retinol palmitate) liver content in rats from this group was 25.1-fold reduced, vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol)--2.1-fold, vitamins B1 and B2--by 57 and 38% compared with animals received a complete control diet (p < 0.05). Blood plasma concentration of vitamins A, E, D was 19-34% decreased. Adding of bran in vitamin deficit diet led to increased consumption of vitamin B--on 40%, vitamins B2 and E--21%, both due to their natural content in the bran, and as a result of increased eatability of the feed by 16% relative to deficient group due to improved taste of the diet. Enrichment of vitamin scarce diet with wheat bran led to an increase in body weight by 56%, the efficiency of the diet by 67%. This circumstance didn't allow to reveal the effect of dietary fiber on the vitamin status of rats with polyhypovitaminosis. The significant (p < 0.05) increase of retinol plasma level by 34% and liver and blood plasma tocopherol content by 17% and 22% and reduction of MDA blood plasma level by 24% took place in animals from this group compared to a group of rats receiving vitamin deficit diet without any effect on liver MDA level, liver vitamin A, B1 and B2 content and heart coenzyme Q10 level. The results obtained suggest that wheat bran inclusion in the diet of rats adequately supplied with vitamins may lead to a deficiency of vitamin E.
|
['Animals', 'Avitaminosis', 'Dietary Fiber', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Vitamins']
| 25,059,066
|
[['B01.050'], ['C18.654.521.500.133'], ['D09.301.416', 'G07.203.300.400', 'J02.500.400'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D27.505.696.494.600', 'G07.203.300.681.500.600', 'J02.500.681.500.600']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cryptosporidium parvum infection in bovine neonates: dynamic clinical, parasitic and immunologic patterns.
|
Twenty-six experimentally infected calves were monitored daily for oocyst excretion. All began excreting oocysts 3-6 days p.i. Most calves (n = 23) excreted oocysts for 6-9 days, with a daily range from 4 x 10(2) to 4.15 x 10(7) oocysts g(-1) of faeces. Over half the calves excreted peak numbers of oocysts 6-8 days p.i. Diarrhoea, observed intermittently beginning as early as day 3 p.i., lasted 4-16 days and varied greatly in severity from calf to calf. In a second study, nine of 18 calves were orally inoculated with 5 x 10(6) oocysts between birth and 2 days of age and nine remained uninfected. Monoclonal antibodies for cell surface markers indicated substantial increases in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the intraepithelial lymphocyte population of the ilea of infected calves at 7-9 days of age. RT-PCR demonstrated increases in mRNA for interleukin-12 and interferon-gamma that correlated with increases in both CD4+ and CD8 + intraepithelial lymphocyte cells. Increased mRNA for interleukin-12 and interferon-gamma from lamina propria lymphocytes correlated with increased numbers of CD8+ cells. No changes were found in interleukin-2, interleukin-4 or interleukin-10 mRNA levels. However, interleukin-15 mRNA, possibly from epithelial cells contaminating intraepithelial lymphocytes, was decreased in infected calves and had a negative correlation with increases in CD4+ and CD8+ cells. No differences were detected in mRNA levels for cytokines from lymph node lymphocytes.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Cattle', 'Cattle Diseases', 'Cryptosporidiosis', 'Cryptosporidium parvum', 'Diarrhea', 'Feces', 'Immunity, Cellular', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Interleukin-12', 'Lymphocyte Count', 'Male', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 9,504,334
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['C22.196'], ['C01.610.432.269', 'C01.610.701.688.235', 'C01.610.752.250.269', 'C01.610.752.625.235', 'C06.405.469.452.269', 'C22.674.710.235'], ['B01.043.075.189.250.150.160.170'], ['C23.888.821.214'], ['A12.459'], ['G12.450.050.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.512', 'D12.776.467.374.465.512', 'D23.529.374.465.512'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595.500', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595.500', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595.500', 'E05.200.625.107.595.500', 'E05.242.195.107.595.500', 'G04.140.107.595.500', 'G09.188.105.595.500'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Maternal perception of child overweight status and its association with weight-related parenting practices, their children's health behaviours and weight change in China.
|
OBJECTIVE: Childhood obesity has increased rapidly in China, but understanding is limited on how parents perceive their child's weight status and how this perception affects weight-related parenting practices. We examined maternal perception of her child's weight status and its association with demographics, subsequent weight-related parenting practices, the child's health behaviours and weight change. Design/Setting/Subjects Maternal perception of child's weight status and health behaviours from the China Health and Nutrition Surveys were assessed at baseline and in follow-up surveys for 816 children aged 6-18 years during 2004-2011. Associations were tested using mixed models.RESULTS: Overall, maternal and child perceptions of the child's weight status were fairly consistent (ê w=0·56), 63·8 % of mothers had correct perception. While 9·6 % of mothers perceived their child as overweight, 10·9 % of children did so, and 13·6 % of children were indeed overweight. Compared with mothers who viewed their children as normal weight, mothers who thought their children were overweight were more likely to encourage their children to increase their physical activity (OR; 95 % CI: 1·8; 1·0, 3·3) and to diet (4·3; 2·3, 7·8). Children perceived as overweight by their mothers were more likely to have insufficient physical activity (2·8; 1·6, 4·7) and gain more weight during follow-up (BMI Z-score, â (se): 1·0 (0·1); P<0·01) than children perceived by their mothers as normal weight.CONCLUSIONS: In China, mothers who perceive their child as overweight are more likely to encourage their child to exercise and modify their diet for weight management, but this encouragement does not seem to improve the child's health behaviours and weight status.
|
['Adolescent', 'Body Mass Index', 'Body Weight', 'Child', 'Child Behavior', 'China', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Diet', 'Exercise', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Health Behavior', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Overweight', 'Parenting', 'Pediatric Obesity', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 28,583,222
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F01.145.179'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['F01.145.488'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['C23.888.144.699', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699'], ['F01.829.263.370.310'], ['C18.654.726.500.720', 'C23.888.144.699.500.750', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500.750'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Motor activation in patients with Pantothenate-Kinase Associated Neurodegeneration: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study.
|
BACKGROUND: In a variety of dystonias, functional magnetic resonance imaging has shown deviations of cortical and basal ganglia activations within the motor network, which might cause the movement disturbances. Because these investigations have never been performed in secondary dystonia due to Pantothenate-Kinase Associated Neurodegeneration, we report our results in a small group of such patients from the Dominican Republic.METHODS: Functional magnetic resonance imaging was carried out in 7 patients with a genetically confirmed mutation of the PANK2 gene and a non-affected control group (matched pairs) using an event-related motor activation paradigm (hand movements).RESULTS: Compared to the control group (p ? 0.01), patients showed a larger amount of activated voxels starting in the contralateral cerebellum and contralateral premotor cortex 2 s before the actual hand movement. Whereas these "hyperactivations" gradually diminished over time, activations in the contralateral primary motor cortex and the supplementary motor area peaked during the next second and those of the contralateral putamen at the time of the actual hand movement. In a multiple regression analysis, all these areas correlated positively with the degree of dystonia of the contralateral arm as judged by the Burke-Fahn-Marsden-scale (p ? 0.001).CONCLUSION: As in other forms of dystonia, the increased activations of the motor system found in our patients could be related to the origin of the dystonic movements. Because in this condition the primary lesion affects the pallidum, a defect of the feed-back control mechanism between basal ganglia and cortex might be the responsible factor.
|
['Adolescent', 'Brain Mapping', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cerebellum', 'Female', 'Hand', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Motor Cortex', 'Movement', 'Oxygen', 'Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration', 'Young Adult']
| 22,682,757
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.428.200'], ['A01.378.800.667'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270.548', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.624'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['C10.228.140.079.800', 'C10.228.140.744.320', 'C10.228.662.575', 'C10.574.500.700', 'C16.320.400.650'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Decrease of neocortical paired-pulse depression in GAERS and possible implication of gap junctions.
|
Thalamocortical slices are widely used to study thalamocortical relationships and absence epilepsy. However, it is still not known whether (1) intracortical synaptic transmission, in particular neocortical paired-pulse depression (PPD), is maintained in these slices and (2) whether PPD is altered in the Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rat from Strasbourg (GAERS, a model of absence epilepsy for which cortico-thalamic loops are involved). Furthermore, while the involvement of gap junctions (GJ) in the mechanisms leading to epileptiform discharges has been intensively studied, little is known about their effect on intracortical transmission. We first studied intracortical connection efficacy and PPD in thalamocortical slices from GAERS and non-epileptic rats (NER). We then investigated the effects of GJ blockers (carbenoxolone and quinidine) on intracortical response following single or paired-pulse stimulations in coronal slices from Wistar rats. We show that the efficacy of intracortical connections is not impaired in GAERS. We also show that neocortical PPD is preserved in thalamocortical slices of NER, but that its efficacy is strongly decreased in GAERS. Moreover, a NMDA antagonist strongly reduced the PPD in NER but had no effect in GAERS. Cortical responses to white matter stimulation were not modified by quinidine or carbenoxolone in coronal slices of Wistar rats. PPD was recorded in these slices and was decreased by carbenoxolone but not by quinidine. We hypothesize that the decrease of PPD observed in GAERS might be due to a decrease in function of (1) NMDA receptors and/or (2) astrocytic GJ's.
|
['Animals', 'Anticonvulsants', 'Carbenoxolone', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Epilepsy, Absence', 'Gap Junctions', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Neocortex', 'Quinidine', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Species Specificity', 'Synaptic Transmission']
| 25,450,143
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.427.080'], ['D02.455.849.919.530.444.250'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['E05.723.402'], ['C10.228.140.490.375.260', 'C10.228.140.490.493.125'], ['A11.284.149.165.420.471'], ['E05.481'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.420'], ['D03.132.206.636', 'D03.605.687.637', 'D03.633.100.810.699'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['G16.824'], ['G02.111.820.850', 'G04.835.850', 'G07.265.880', 'G11.561.830']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mutation and evolution of microsatellite loci in Neurospora.
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The patterns of mutation and evolution at 13 microsatellite loci were studied in the filamentous fungal genus Neurospora. First, a detailed investigation was performed on five microsatellite loci by sequencing each microsatellite, together with its nonrepetitive flanking regions, from a set of 147 individuals from eight species of Neurospora. To elucidate the genealogical relationships among microsatellite alleles, repeat number was mapped onto trees constructed from flanking-sequence data. This approach allowed the potentially convergent microsatellite mutations to be placed in the evolutionary context of the less rapidly evolving flanking regions, revealing the complexities of the mutational processes that have generated the allelic diversity conventionally assessed in population genetic studies. In addition to changes in repeat number, frequent substitution mutations within the microsatellites were detected, as were substitutions and insertion/deletions within the flanking regions. By comparing microsatellite and flanking-sequence divergence, clear evidence of interspecific allele length homoplasy and microsatellite mutational saturation was observed, suggesting that these loci are not appropriate for inferring phylogenetic relationships among species. In contrast, little evidence of intraspecific mutational saturation was observed, confirming the utility of these loci for population-level analyses. Frequency distributions of alleles within species were generally consistent with the stepwise mutational model. By comparing variation within species at the microsatellites and the flanking-sequence, estimated microsatellite mutation rates were approximately 2500 times greater than mutation rates of flanking DNA and were consistent with estimates from yeast and fruit flies. A positive relationship between repeat number and variance in repeat number was significant across three genealogical depths, suggesting that longer microsatellite alleles are more mutable than shorter alleles. To test if the observed patterns of microsatellite variation and mutation could be generalized, an additional eight microsatellite loci were characterized and sequenced from a subset of the same Neurospora individuals.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Genetic Markers', 'Genetic Variation', 'Microsatellite Repeats', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'Neurospora']
| 15,579,682
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['D23.101.387', 'G05.695.450'], ['G05.365'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.340.024.850.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['B01.300.107.800.629']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Acute Ischemic Stroke in a Young Woman With No Known Risk Factors.
|
INTRODUCTION: We aim to highlight a potentially morbid consequence of foam-sclerotherapy for the treatment of varicose veins.CASE REPORT: We report a case of a 41-year-old woman with no significant medical history who presented to the emergency department with sudden onset of focal neurologic deficits. She had undergone varicose vein treatment with foam sclerotherapy 2 days prior. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed acute cerebellar infarct. Computed tomography angiography was unremarkable. Transesophageal echocardiography showed the presence of a very small patent foramen ovale.DISCUSSION: Transient neurologic symptoms reported in patients undergoing venous foam sclerotherapy might have been transient ischemic attacks or acute ischemic strokes. The risk of these neurologic complications should be explained to all patients undergoing foam sclerotherapy so they can make an informed decision of screening echocardiography prior to the procedure.CONCLUSION: Onset of neurologic symptoms can be immediate or delayed in patients undergoing venous foam sclerotherapy. Early recognition of neurologic deficits resulting from paradoxical gas embolism and its treatment with hyperbaric oxygen can prevent permanent disability.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'Brain Infarction', 'Brain Ischemia', 'Female', 'Foramen Ovale, Patent', 'Humans', 'Risk Factors', 'Sclerotherapy', 'Stroke', 'Varicose Veins']
| 29,677,415
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C10.228.140.300.150.477', 'C10.228.140.300.775.200', 'C14.907.253.092.477', 'C14.907.253.855.200', 'C23.550.513.355.250', 'C23.550.717.489.250'], ['C10.228.140.300.150', 'C14.907.253.092'], ['C14.240.400.560.375.258', 'C14.280.400.560.375.258', 'C16.131.240.400.560.375.258'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E02.319.805'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['C14.907.927']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Patient and physician gender concordance in preventive care in university primary care settings.
|
OBJECTIVE: To assess the quality of preventive care according to physician and patient gender in a country with universal health care coverage.METHODS: We assessed a retrospective cohort study of 1001 randomly selected patients aged 50-80 years followed over 2 years (2005-2006) in 4 Swiss university primary care settings (Basel, Geneva, Lausanne, Z?rich). We used indicators derived from RAND's Quality Assessment Tools and examined percentages of recommended preventive care. Results were adjusted using hierarchical multivariate logistic regression models.RESULTS: 1001 patients (44% women) were followed by 189 physicians (52% women). Female patients received less preventive care than male patients (65.2% vs. 72.1%, p<0.001). Female physicians provided significantly more preventive care than male physicians (p=0.01) to both female (66.7% vs. 63.6%) and male patients (73.4% vs. 70.7%). After multivariate adjustment, differences according to physician (p=0.02) and patient gender (p<0.001) remained statistically significant. Female physicians provided more recommended cancer screening than male physicians (78.4 vs. 71.9%, p=0.01).CONCLUSIONS: In Swiss university primary care settings, female patients receive less preventive care than male patients, with female physicians providing more preventive care than male physicians. Greater attention should be paid to female patients in preventive care and to why female physicians tend to provide better preventive care.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Physician-Patient Relations', "Practice Patterns, Physicians'", 'Preventive Health Services', 'Primary Health Care', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sex Factors', 'Switzerland']
| 25,117,521
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.829.401.650.675', 'N05.300.660.625'], ['N04.590.374.577', 'N05.300.625'], ['N02.421.726'], ['N04.590.233.727'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['Z01.542.883']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Characterization of novel reverse transcriptase and other RNA-associated catalytic activities by human DNA polymerase gamma: importance in mitochondrial DNA replication.
|
During mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication, DNA/RNA heteroduplex intermediates are formed. To understand how and why ribonucleotides are involved in mtDNA replication, we have studied the novel RNA-associated activities of human mitochondrial DNA polymerase (Pol gamma), including reverse transcription, RNA-directed 3' --> 5' DNA excision, RNA-primed DNA synthesis, and ribonucleotide incorporation. Remarkably, Pol gamma catalyzes reverse transcription with a slightly higher efficiency than HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, suggesting that the activity may be physiologically significant, and furthermore, proofreading activity with an RNA template was also observed. RNA-primed DNA synthesis activity is required for initiation of mtDNA replication, and we have found that Pol gamma holoenzyme is capable of performing this reaction at a physiologically relevant rate and that the accessory subunit plays an essential role in the initiation steps. Single ribonucleotides have been found scattered in the mtDNA genome, although their role and significance are not yet defined. Our finding that Pol gamma also incorporates ribonucleotide triphosphates into a DNA primer offers a plausible enzymatic pathway for the origin of the RNA-containing mtDNA genome.
|
['Binding Sites', 'DNA', 'DNA Polymerase gamma', 'DNA Replication', 'DNA, Mitochondrial', 'DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Genome', 'HIV Reverse Transcriptase', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Models, Genetic', 'Protein Binding', 'RNA', 'RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase', 'Ribonucleotides', 'Time Factors']
| 12,857,740
|
[['G02.111.570.120'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300.169', 'D12.776.575.280'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['D13.444.308.283.225'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G05.360.340'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300.750.187', 'D12.776.964.775.375.545.875', 'D12.776.964.775.375.750.187', 'D12.776.964.775.562.764.875', 'D12.776.964.900.750.500.545.875', 'D12.776.964.900.750.500.750.187', 'D12.776.964.970.600.850.375.545.875', 'D12.776.964.970.600.850.375.750.187'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D13.444.735'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300.750', 'D12.776.964.775.375.750', 'D12.776.964.900.750.500.750', 'D12.776.964.970.600.850.375.750'], ['D13.695.827'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The efficacy of exercise in reducing depressive symptoms among cancer survivors: a meta-analysis.
|
INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to examine the efficacy of exercise to reduce depressive symptoms among cancer survivors. In addition, we examined the extent to which exercise dose and clinical characteristics of cancer survivors influence the relationship between exercise and reductions in depressive symptoms.METHODS: We conducted a systematic search identifying randomized controlled trials of exercise interventions among adult cancer survivors, examining depressive symptoms as an outcome. We calculated effect sizes for each study and performed weighted multiple regression moderator analysis.RESULTS: We identified 40 exercise interventions including 2,929 cancer survivors. Diverse groups of cancer survivors were examined in seven exercise interventions; breast cancer survivors were examined in 26; prostate cancer, leukemia, and lymphoma were examined in two; and colorectal cancer in one. Cancer survivors who completed an exercise intervention reduced depression more than controls, d(+) = -0.13 (95% CI: -0.26, -0.01). Increases in weekly volume of aerobic exercise reduced depressive symptoms in dose-response fashion (â = -0.24, p = 0.03), a pattern evident only in higher quality trials. Exercise reduced depressive symptoms most when exercise sessions were supervised (â = -0.26, p = 0.01) and when cancer survivors were between 47-62 yr (â = 0.27, p = 0.01).CONCLUSION: Exercise training provides a small overall reduction in depressive symptoms among cancer survivors but one that increased in dose-response fashion with weekly volume of aerobic exercise in high quality trials. Depressive symptoms were reduced to the greatest degree among breast cancer survivors, among cancer survivors aged between 47-62 yr, or when exercise sessions were supervised.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Depression', 'Exercise Therapy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms', 'Survivors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 22,303,474
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.387', 'E02.779.483', 'E02.831.535.483'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04'], ['M01.860'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Carbohydrate structures of human tissue plasminogen activator expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells.
|
Recombinant human tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA), produced by expression in Chinese hamster ovary cells, is a fibrin-specific plasminogen activator which has been approved for clinical use in the treatment of myocardial infarction. In this study, the structures of the Asn-linked oligosaccharides of Chinese hamster ovary-expressed rt-PA have been elucidated. High mannose and hybrid oligosaccharides were released from the protein by endoglycosidase H digestion, whereas N-acetyllactosamine-type ("complex") oligosaccharides were released by peptide:N-glycosidase F digestion. The oligosaccharides were fractionated by gel permeation chromatography and anion exchange high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and their structures were analyzed by composition and methylation analysis, high pH anion exchange chromatography, fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry (FAB-MS), and 500-MHz 1H NMR spectroscopy. High mannose oligosaccharides were found to account for 38% of the total carbohydrate content of rt-PA and consisted of Man5GlcNAc2, Man6GlcNAc2, and Man7GlcNAc2 in the ratio 1.8:1.7:1. Two hybrid oligosaccharides were identified and accounted for 3% of the carbohydrate of rt-PA. The N-acetyllactosamine-type oligosaccharides were found to comprise diantennary (34% of total carbohydrate), 2,4-branched triantennary (11%), 2,6-branched triantennary (9%), and tetraantennary (5%) structures. Sialylation of these oligosaccharides was by alpha (2----3) linkages to galactose. Most (greater than 90%) of the N-acetyllactosamine-type structures contained fucose alpha (1----6) linked to the Asn-linked N-acetylglucosamine residue. The distribution of oligosaccharide structures at individual glycosylation sites (Asn residues 117, 184, and 448) was also determined. rt-PA exists as two variants that differ by the presence (type I) or absence (type II) of carbohydrate at Asn-184. Tryptic glycopeptides were isolated by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography and treated with peptide:N-glycosidase F. The oligosaccharides released from each glycosylation site were analyzed by high pH anion exchange chromatography. By this analysis, Asn-117 was demonstrated to carry exclusively high mannose oligosaccharides. When glycosylated, Asn-184 carried diantennary, 2,4-branched triantennary, 2,6-branched triantennary, and tetraantennary N- acetyllactosamine oligosaccharides in the ratio 9.0:4.5:1.4:1. Asn- 448 carried the same types of oligosaccharides, but in the ratio 7.5:1.6:2.1:1. The distributions of Asn-linked oligosaccharides at positions 117 and 448 were found not to be affected by the presence or absence of carbohydrate at position 184. The relevance of the
|
['Animals', 'Carbohydrate Conformation', 'Carbohydrate Sequence', 'Cell Line', 'Cricetinae', 'Cricetulus', 'Female', 'Glycoproteins', 'Glycosylation', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Oligosaccharides', 'Ovary', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Tissue Plasminogen Activator']
| 2,503,511
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.820.235'], ['G02.111.570.160', 'L01.453.245.667.160'], ['A11.251.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.250'], ['D09.400.430', 'D12.776.395'], ['G02.111.158.812', 'G02.607.299', 'G03.191.812'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D09.698.629'], ['A05.360.319.114.630', 'A05.360.576.497', 'A06.300.312.497'], ['D12.776.828'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.875', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.875', 'D12.776.124.125.662.768', 'D23.119.970']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Antinociception induced in rats by intrathecal administration of antiserum against calcitonin gene-related peptide.
|
To determine whether or not endogenous calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) participates in pain transmission in the spinal dorsal horn, effects of an intrathecal injection of anti-CGRP antiserum on nociceptive threshold in the paw-pressure test was examined in non-arthritic and adjuvant arthritic rats. An intrathecal injection of the antiserum increased the nociceptive threshold in non-arthritic animals, while 0.9% saline, pre-immune serum and antiserum, previously absorbed by synthetic CGRP, were without effect. Adjuvant arthritic rats showed a hyperalgesia, and improvement occurred with intrathecal injection of the antiserum. Saline and absorbed antiserum were without effect on the hyperalgesia. These results suggest that the endogenous CGRP present in primary afferents probably has a facilitating function in nociceptive transmission in the spinal dorsal horn.
|
['Animals', 'Arthritis', 'Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide', 'Immune Sera', 'Injections, Spinal', 'Male', 'Neuropeptides', 'Pain', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Sensory Thresholds']
| 3,264,395
|
[['B01.050'], ['C05.550.114'], ['D12.644.400.097', 'D12.776.631.650.097'], ['A12.207.152.846.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.114.573', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.573', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.573', 'D20.215.401'], ['E02.319.267.530.580'], ['D12.644.400', 'D12.776.631.650'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['F02.463.593.710']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Partial tears of the anterior cruciate ligament: diagnostic performance of isotropic three-dimensional fast spin echo (3D-FSE-Cube) MRI.
|
PURPOSE: To compare the performance of 3D-FSE-Cube MRI to arthroscopy, the reference test for the diagnosis of partial anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears.METHODS: A retrospective study was performed including all patients who underwent surgery for an ACL tear in our Sports Surgery Unit from January 2008 to December 2009. All patients underwent a preoperative MRI, conventional 2D or 3D-Cube. The diagnosis of a partial tear was based on the appearance of the ligament bundles and signal quality on MRI, and on the continuity of the fibers on arthroscopy and the quality of the remaining ligament. Sixty-four of the 312 included patients underwent MRI 3D-Cube and 248 conventional 2D-MRI. The series included 82 women and 223 men, mean age 33.3 ± 19.6 years. Arthroscopy did not reveal any normal ACL, 247/312 (79.2 %) complete tears, and 65/312 (20.8 %) partial tears, with 50/65 (76.9 %) involving the anteromedial bundle and 15/65 (23.1 %) the posterolateral.RESULTS: The results of MRI 3D-Cube were as follows: sensitivity 95 % CI = 62.5 ± 23.7 %, specificity 95 % CI = 93.7 ± 6.9 %, likelihood ratio LR(+) = 9.9, LR(-) = 0.4 and accuracy 85.9 %. Results of conventional 2D-MRI were as follows: sensitivity 95 % CI = 10.2 ± 8.5 %, specificity 95 % CI = 96.5 ± 2.5 %, LR(+) = 2.9, LR(-) = 0.9 and accuracy 79.4 %. The diagnostic performance of MRI 3D-Cube was better than conventional 2D-MRI.CONCLUSION: The diagnostic performance of MRI 3D-Cube in partial ACL tears was good and significantly better than conventional 2D-MRI. The likelihood of having a positive test was 9.9 times higher in a patient with a partial tear. A negative result did not exclude this diagnosis.
|
['Adult', 'Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries', 'Arthroscopy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Knee Injuries', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 23,412,260
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C26.558.554.213'], ['E01.370.388.250.070', 'E04.502.250.070', 'E04.555.113'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['C26.558.554'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Assessment of Lung Cancer Risk on the Basis of a Biomarker Panel of Circulating Proteins.
|
Importance: There is an urgent need to improve lung cancer risk assessment because current screening criteria miss a large proportion of cases.Objective: To investigate whether a lung cancer risk prediction model based on a panel of selected circulating protein biomarkers can outperform a traditional risk prediction model and current US screening criteria.Design, Setting, and Participants: Prediagnostic samples from 108 ever-smoking patients with lung cancer diagnosed within 1 year after blood collection and samples from 216 smoking-matched controls from the Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial (CARET) cohort were used to develop a biomarker risk score based on 4 proteins (cancer antigen 125 [CA125], carcinoembryonic antigen [CEA], cytokeratin-19 fragment [CYFRA 21-1], and the precursor form of surfactant protein B [Pro-SFTPB]). The biomarker score was subsequently validated blindly using absolute risk estimates among 63 ever-smoking patients with lung cancer diagnosed within 1 year after blood collection and 90 matched controls from 2 large European population-based cohorts, the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) and the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study (NSHDS).Main Outcomes and Measures: Model validity in discriminating between future lung cancer cases and controls. Discrimination estimates were weighted to reflect the background populations of EPIC and NSHDS validation studies (area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve [AUC], sensitivity, and specificity).Results: In the validation study of 63 ever-smoking patients with lung cancer and 90 matched controls (mean [SD] age, 57.7 [8.7] years; 68.6% men) from EPIC and NSHDS, an integrated risk prediction model that combined smoking exposure with the biomarker score yielded an AUC of 0.83 (95% CI, 0.76-0.90) compared with 0.73 (95% CI, 0.64-0.82) for a model based on smoking exposure alone (P = .003 for difference in AUC). At an overall specificity of 0.83, based on the US Preventive Services Task Force screening criteria, the sensitivity of the integrated risk prediction (biomarker) model was 0.63 compared with 0.43 for the smoking model. Conversely, at an overall sensitivity of 0.42, based on the US Preventive Services Task Force screening criteria, the integrated risk prediction model yielded a specificity of 0.95 compared with 0.86 for the smoking model.Conclusions and Relevance: This study provided a proof of principle in showing that a panel of circulating protein biomarkers may improve lung cancer risk assessment and may be used to define eligibility for computed tomography screening.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'CA-125 Antigen', 'Carcinoembryonic Antigen', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Keratin-19', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Mass Screening', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Middle Aged', 'Non-Smokers', 'Prospective Studies', 'Protein Precursors', 'Proteolipids', 'ROC Curve', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed']
| 30,003,238
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D23.101.140'], ['D12.776.395.560.631.050', 'D23.050.285.050.225', 'D23.050.550.325.225', 'D23.101.140.075.225'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.210', 'D12.776.543.550.200.210', 'D23.050.285.329', 'D23.050.301.350.210', 'D23.101.140.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D05.750.078.593.450.300.900', 'D12.776.220.475.450.300.900', 'D12.776.860.607.300.900'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['D12.776.543'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['M01.482'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D12.776.811'], ['D10.570.780', 'D12.776.816'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E07.913']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Influence of aberrant observations on high-resolution linkage analysis outcomes.
|
Because of the availability of efficient, user-friendly computer analysis programs, the construction of multilocus human genetic maps has become commonplace. At the level of resolution at which most of these maps have been developed, the methods have proved to be robust. This may not be true in the construction of high-resolution linkage maps (3-cM interlocus resolution or less). High-resolution meiotic maps, by definition, have a low probability of recombination occurring in an interval. As such, even low frequencies of errors in typing (1.5% or less) may influence mapping outcomes. To investigate the influence of aberrant observations on high-resolution maps, a Monte Carlo simulation analysis of multipoint linkage data was performed. Introduction of error was observed to reduce power to discriminate orders, dramatically inflate map length, and provide significant support for incorrect over correct orders. These results appear to be due to the misclassification of nonrecombinant gametes as multiple recombinants. Chi 2-Like goodness-of-fit analysis appears to be quite sensitive to the appearance of misclassified gametes, providing a simple test for aberrant data sets. Multiple pairwise likelihood analysis appears to be less sensitive than does multipoint analysis and may serve as a check for map validity.
|
['Algorithms', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Computer Simulation', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Monte Carlo Method', 'Observer Variation', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Statistics as Topic']
| 1,928,104
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E05.393.183'], ['L01.224.160'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.525', 'L01.906.394.422', 'N05.715.360.750.540', 'N06.850.520.830.525'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Spinal bone mineral density of normal and osteoporotic women in Korea.
|
In order to define osteoporosis on the basis of bone mineral measurements, one must define an acceptable normal range or fracture threshold. It is clear that the normal range cannot be compared between different ethnic groups. We have measured spinal bone mineral density (BMD) by dual photon absorptiometry in 277 women without spinal fracture, aged 30-91 years, and in 53 women with asymptomatic spinal fracture to provide such a database for normal Korean women. Peak bone mass at the 3rd decade was 1.24 g/cm2. BMD from age 40-69 was strongly correlated with age (r = -0.7) and the annual decrease averaged 0.018gm/cm2. The rate of annual loss slowed by 50% in women after 70% years of age. Fracture threshold was evaluated at the 90th percentile for spinal BMD in patients with vertebral fractures. The fracture threshold of the vertebra was 0.94 g/cm2. Approximately 50% of normal women over 50 years of age had values below this threshold. These findings suggest that the way of developing low bone mass in Korean women is to peak high and lose fast.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'Bone Density', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Female', 'Fractures, Bone', 'Humans', 'Korea', 'Menopause', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteoporosis', 'Spine']
| 1,524,726
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.686.508.200'], ['G11.427.100'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['C26.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.557', 'Z01.586.407'], ['G08.686.157.500', 'G08.686.841.249.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.116.198.579', 'C18.452.104.579'], ['A02.835.232.834']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The site of action of 'chlormadinone acetate' (6-chloro-delta 6-dehydro-17 alpha-acetoxyprogesterone) in blocking ovulation in the mated rabbit.
|
1. In a study of the site of action of a steroid in current use for contraceptive purposes (6-chloro-Delta(6)-dehydro-17alpha-acetoxyprogesterone; ;chlormadinone acetate'), the ovarian responses [secretion rate of 20alpha-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one (20 alpha-OH), and the occurrence of ovulation] were observed in control oestrous rabbits and in rabbits following mating, injection of luteinizing hormone, and after electrical stimulation of the median eminence.2. Chlormadinone acetate pretreatment (0.5 mg I.V.) did not lower significantly the secretion of 20 alpha-OH in otherwise untreated oestrous rabbits.3. Chlormadinone acetate, given 24 hr before mating, prevented the rise in 20alpha-OH that would otherwise have occurred, and also blocked the ovulation response following mating.4. Chlormadinone acetate pretreatment did not prevent the ovarian responses to administration of luteinizing hormone.5. Chlormadinone acetate pretreatment did not prevent the ovarian responses to electrical stimulation of the median eminence of the tuber cinereum of the hypothalamus.6. The conclusion is drawn that the chlormadinone acetate block of the ovarian responses following mating is at a site in the central nervous system located above the median eminence.
|
['Anesthesia', 'Animals', 'Central Nervous System', 'Chlormadinone Acetate', 'Copulation', 'Estrus', 'Female', 'Hypothalamus', 'Injections, Intravenous', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Ovary', 'Ovulation', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnanes', 'Rabbits', 'Steroids', 'Uterus']
| 4,172,067
|
[['E03.155'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.186'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.144', 'D04.210.500.883.294'], ['F01.145.113.252.748.200'], ['G08.686.195.500'], ['A08.186.211.180.497', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357'], ['E02.319.267.082.750', 'E02.319.267.530.540'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['A05.360.319.114.630', 'A05.360.576.497', 'A06.300.312.497'], ['G08.686.784.690'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D04.210.500.745'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['D04.210.500'], ['A05.360.319.679']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Corticosterone stimulates hatching of late-term tree lizard embryos.
|
The regulation of hatching in oviparous animals is important for successful reproduction and survival, but is poorly understood. We unexpectedly found that RU-486, a progesterone and glucocorticoid antagonist, interferes with hatching of viable tree lizard (Urosaurus ornatus) embryos in a dose-dependent manner and hypothesized that embryonic glucocorticoids regulate hatching. To test this hypothesis, we treated eggs with corticosterone (CORT) or vehicle on Day 30 (85%) of incubation, left other eggs untreated, and observed relative hatch order and hatch time. In one study, the CORT egg hatched first in 9 of 11 clutches. In a second study, the CORT egg hatched first in 9 of 12 clutches, before vehicle-treated eggs in 10 of 12 clutches, and before untreated eggs in 7 of 9 clutches. On average, CORT eggs hatched 18.2 h before vehicle-treated eggs and 11.6 h before untreated eggs. Thus, CORT accelerates hatching of near-term embryos and RU-486 appears to block this effect. CORT may mobilize energy substrates that fuel hatching and/or accelerate lung development, and may provide a mechanism by which stressed embryos escape environmental stressors.
|
['Animals', 'Corticosterone', 'Embryo, Nonmammalian', 'Female', 'Lizards', 'Male', 'Mifepristone', 'Oviparity', 'Ovum', 'Time Factors']
| 17,208,477
|
[['B01.050'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.237', 'D06.472.040.585.353.237'], ['A13.350', 'A16.331'], ['B01.050.150.900.833.393'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.580'], ['G08.686.650'], ['A05.360.490.690', 'A11.497.497', 'A16.690'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Intracellular interleukin-1 receptor antagonist type 1 antagonizes the stimulatory effect of interleukin-1 alpha precursor on cell motility.
|
Interleukin (IL)-1alpha, a proinflammatory cytokine, is produced as a 33 kDa protein precursor (preIL-1alpha) which is cleaved to generate the 17 kDa C-terminal mature IL-1alpha (mIL-1alpha) and the 16kDa N-terminal IL-1alpha propiece (NIL-1alpha). The biological effect of IL-1alpha is regulated by the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), its naturally occurring inhibitor. Four different isoforms of the IL-1Ra have been described, one secreted (sIL-1Ra) and three intracellular (icIL-1Ra1, 2, 3). Whether the icIL-1Ra1 isoform can antagonize some of the biological effects of intracellular IL-1alpha is still unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate effects of preIL-1alpha and icIL-1Ra1 on cell motility in stably transfected ECV304 cells. We show that expression of preIL-1alpha in ECV304 cells significantly increases cell motility. Furthermore, transfection with NIL-1alpha propiece also increases cell motility whereas this stimulatory effect was not observed by addition of exogenous mIL-1alpha, suggesting an intracellular effect of preIL-1alpha mediated by NIL-1alpha propiece. Co-transfection of ECV304 cells with icIL-1Ra1 completely antagonizes the stimulatory effect of preIL-1alpha and NIL-1alpha propiece on cell motility. In conclusion, NIL-1alpha propiece increases ECV304 cell motility and icIL-1Ra1 exerts intracellular functions regulating this stimulatory effect.
|
['Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Humans', 'Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein', 'Interleukin-1', 'Intracellular Fluid', 'Protein Precursors', 'Receptors, Interleukin-1', 'Sialoglycoproteins', 'Transfection']
| 16,246,569
|
[['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.460', 'D12.776.467.374.460', 'D23.529.374.460'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400', 'D23.529.374.465.131', 'D23.529.374.500.400'], ['A11.284.430.429', 'A11.284.835.450', 'A12.207.515'], ['D12.776.811'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.420.300'], ['D12.644.233.800', 'D12.776.395.700'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for measurement of bovine serum and milk progesterone without extraction.
|
An enzyme immunoassay for progesterone, using horseradish peroxidase as the label, was adapted for direct measurement of progesterone in serum or milk. Values obtained by direct measurement are highly correlated with values measured in extracts and are usable for convenient, rapid, accurate monitoring of the reproductive status of dairy cows. The assay is sensitive (ca. 1 pg), rapidly performed (3.5 h), and allows 92% accuracy in assessment of pregnancy status by direct measurement of progesterone in paired milk samples collected at breeding and 21 d later.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'Milk', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Tests', 'Progesterone']
| 3,711,410
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['A12.200.455', 'A12.790', 'G07.203.100.700', 'G07.203.300.350.525', 'J02.200.700', 'J02.500.350.525'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.370.225.970', 'E01.370.378.620', 'E05.200.970'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
An in vitro compartmentalization-based method for the selection of bond-forming enzymes from large libraries.
|
We have developed a generalized in vitro compartmentalization-based bead display selection strategy that allows for the identification of enzymes that can perform ligation reactions. Although a number of methods have been developed to evolve such enzymes, many of them are limited in library size (10(6) -10(7) ), do not select for enzymes using a scheme that allows for multiple turnover, or only work on enzymes specific to nucleic acids. This approach is amenable to screening libraries of up to 10(12) protein variants by allowing beads to be overloaded with up to 10(4) unique mutants. Using this approach we isolated a variant of sortase A from Staphylococcus aureus that shows a 114-fold enhancement in kcat /KM in the absence of calcium compared to the wild-type and improved resistance to the inhibitory effects of cell lysates. Unlike the wild-type protein, the newly selected variant shows intracellular activity in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells where it may prove useful for intracellular labeling or synthetic biological applications. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2016;113: 1647-1657. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
|
['Aminoacyltransferases', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Cysteine Endopeptidases', 'Escherichia coli', 'Escherichia coli Proteins', 'Kinetics', 'Models, Molecular', 'Peptide Library', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Engineering', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Staphylococcus aureus']
| 26,806,853
|
[['D08.811.913.050.200'], ['D12.776.097'], ['D08.811.464.259'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D12.776.097.275'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.599.595'], ['D12.644.555', 'G02.111.570.060.620', 'G05.360.325.640'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['E05.393.420.601'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Stereochemical evaluation of the relative activities of the cinchona alkaloids against Plasmodium falciparum.
|
Quinine and quinidine were over 100 times more active than 9-epiquinine and 9-epiquinidine against chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum and over 10 times more active against chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum. Since the only structural difference between quinine, quinidine, 9-epiquinine, and 9-epiquinidine is their three-dimensional configuration, the three-dimensional structures of these four alkaloids were examined in order to explain the large difference in relative activities between the 9-epi alkaloids and quinine and quinidine. The crystal structure of 9-epiquinidine hydrochloride monohydrate was determined by X-ray diffraction and was compared with the crystal structures of quinine, quinidine sulfate dihydrate, and 9-epiquinine hydrochloride dihydrate. The crystallographic parameters for 9-epiquinidine hydrochloride monohydrate were as follows: chemical formula, C20H25N2O2+.Cl-.H2O; M(r), 378.9; symmetry of unit cell, orthorhombic; space group, P2(1)2(1)2(1); parameters of unit cell, a was 7.042 +/- 0.001 A (1 A = 0.1 nm), b was 9.082 +/- 0.001 A, c was 31.007 +/- 0.005 A; the volume of unit cell was 1,983.1 +/- 0.6 A3; number of molecules per unit cell was 4; the calculated density was 1.27 g cm-3; the source of radiation was Cu K alpha (lambda = 1.54178 A); mu (absorption coefficient) was 18.82 cm-1; F(000) (sum of atomic scattering factors at zero scattering angle) was 808; room temperature was used; final R (residual index) was 5.72% for 1,501 reflections with magnitude of F(o) greater than 3 sigma (F). The intramolecular distance from N-1 to O-12 in 9-epiquinidine and 9-epiquinine, although shorter than the corresponding distance in quinine and quinidine, was similar to those of other active amino alcohol antimalarial agents. In all four alkaloids, both the hydroxyl and amine groups formed intermolecular hydrogen bonds, showing the potential for forming hydrogen bonds with cellular constituents. However, the positioning of the N+-1--H-N1 and O-12--H-O12 groups relative to each other was quite different in the 9-epi alkaloids versus quinidine. This difference in positioning may determine the relative strengths, of the formation of hydrogen bonds with cellular constituents important to antimalarial activity and, therefore, may determine the relative strength of antimalarial activity.
|
['Animals', 'Antimalarials', 'Cinchona Alkaloids', 'Crystallography', 'Plasmodium falciparum', 'Stereoisomerism', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 1,510,452
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.250.100.085'], ['D03.132.206'], ['E05.196.309', 'H01.181.529.240'], ['B01.043.075.380.611.561'], ['G02.607.445.682'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Optimal scanning timing by use of multi-detector row computed tomography during thoracic aortography for depiction of arteries causing hemoptysis.
|
Scanning timing for multi-detector row computed tomography during thoracic aortography (MDCT-TA) was explored for depiction of arteries responsible for hemoptysis. The mean time (MT) from contrast medium (CM) injection to peak enhancement (PE) in the descending aorta at the level of the diaphragm on thoracic aortography was investigated. The MT to PE of the descending aorta at the level of diaphragm was 4.86 ± 0.42 s, with 30 mL CM at an injection rate of 10 mL/s. CM injection was completed 1.86 s before the final slice was obtained. The CM injection duration can be calculated as follows: 4.86 s + scan time - 1.86 s. The optimal scanning timing is a scan delay of approximately 5 s from the start of CM injection, and the CM injection duration is expressed as scan time plus 3 s. MDCT-TA depicted the branching sites of the bronchial arteries in all cases.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aortography', 'Bronchial Arteries', 'Bronchiectasis', 'Contrast Media', 'Embolization, Therapeutic', 'Female', 'Hemoptysis', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Pulmonary Aspergillosis', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Tuberculosis, Pulmonary']
| 24,297,509
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.350.700.060.070', 'E01.370.370.050.070'], ['A07.015.114.158'], ['C08.127.384'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['E02.520.360', 'E02.926.500'], ['C08.381.348', 'C23.550.414.896', 'C23.888.852.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C01.150.703.080.768', 'C01.150.703.534.850', 'C08.381.472.850'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.899', 'C01.748.939', 'C08.381.922', 'C08.730.939']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Functional ability and the need for care: issues for measurement research.
|
Measuring the prevalence of functional disability among older people is extremely important. The number of older people is projected to increase in both the developed and the developing countries. The incidence and prevalence of functional disability are high among older people, and they are higher at older ages. Many countries plan to care for their impaired older populations. They need good information to plan for their care. The available data are soft. They are often fragmentary and based on research done 20 or 30 years ago when conditions were different. Data may not take into account the differences among people living in widely varying cultures. Nevertheless, the available data, including data from longitudinal studies, have started to yield useful information. Cross-national studies can only increase the value of the information that many people have devoted enormous resources to obtain. People should devote their time to cross-national comparisons, with the respect for the careful study of survey design, question wording, and tabulation that has been addressed in this paper. Researchers should also devote time to considering whether questions appropriate in one culture are equally appropriate in another. Investigating such issues is one of the purposes of this conference.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Frail Elderly', 'Geriatric Assessment', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Prevalence', 'Research', 'United States']
| 1,844,680
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.540'], ['E05.318.308.225', 'I01.240.425.350', 'N01.224.425.350', 'N05.715.360.300.360', 'N06.850.505.400.425.350', 'N06.850.520.308.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['H01.770.644'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Evaluating the primary-to-specialist referral system for elective hip and knee arthroplasty.
|
RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Persistently long waiting times for hip and knee total joint arthroplasty (TJA) specialist consultations have been identified as a problem. This study described referral processes and practices, and their impact on the waiting time from referral to consultation for TJA.METHODS: A mixed-methods retrospective study incorporating semi-structured interviews, patient chart reviews and observational studies was conducted at three clinic sites in Alberta, Canada. A total of 218 charts were selected for analysis. Standardized definitions were applied to key event dates. Performance measures included waiting times percentage of referrals initially accepted. Voluntary (patient-related) and involuntary (health system-related) waiting times were quantified.RESULTS: All three clinics had defined, but differing, referral processing rules. The mean time from referral to consultation ranged from 51 to 139 business days. Choosing a specific surgeon for consultation rather than a next available surgeon lengthened waits by 10-47 business days. Involuntary waiting times accounted for at least 11% of total waiting time. Approximately 40-80% of the time patients with TJA wait for surgery was in the consultation period. Fifty-four per cent of new referrals were initially rejected, prolonging patient waits by 8-46 business days.CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that variation in referral processing led to increased waiting times for patients. The large proportion of total wait attributable to waiting for a surgical consultation makes failure to measure and evaluate this period a significant omission. Improving referral processes and decreasing variation between clinics would improve patient access to these specialist referrals in Alberta.
|
['Alberta', 'Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip', 'Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee', 'Elective Surgical Procedures', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Humans', 'Orthopedics', 'Physicians, Primary Care', 'Referral and Consultation', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Time Factors', 'Waiting Lists']
| 24,004,242
|
[['Z01.107.567.176.064'], ['E04.555.110.110.110', 'E04.650.110.110', 'E04.680.101.110.110'], ['E04.555.110.110.115', 'E04.650.110.115', 'E04.680.101.110.115'], ['E04.249'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.403.810.494'], ['M01.526.485.810.800', 'N02.360.810.795'], ['N04.452.758.849'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['G01.910.857'], ['N04.452.095.738']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Tissue-Specific Accumulation of Sulfur Compounds and Saponins in Different Parts of Garlic Cloves from Purple and White Ecotypes.
|
This study set out to determine the distribution of sulfur compounds and saponin metabolites in different parts of garlic cloves. Three fractions from purple and white garlic ecotypes were obtained: the tunic (SS), internal (IS) and external (ES) parts of the clove. Liquid Chromatography coupled to High Resolution Mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS), together with bioinformatics including Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Hierarchical Clustering (HCL) and correlation network analyses were carried out. Results showed that the distribution of these metabolites in the different parts of garlic bulbs was different for the purple and the white ecotypes, with the main difference being a slightly higher number of sulfur compounds in purple garlic. The SS fraction in purple garlic had a higher content of sulfur metabolites, while the ES in white garlic was more enriched by these compounds. The correlation network indicated that diallyl disulfide was the most relevant metabolite with regards to sulfur compound metabolism in garlic. The total number of saponins was almost 40-fold higher in purple garlic than in the white variety, with ES having the highest content. Interestingly, five saponins including desgalactotigonin-rhamnose, proto-desgalactotigonin, proto-desgalactotigonin-rhamnose, voghieroside D1, sativoside B1-rhamnose and sativoside R1 were exclusive to the purple variety. Data obtained from saponin analyses revealed a very different network between white and purple garlic, thus suggesting a very robust and tight coregulation of saponin metabolism in garlic. Findings in this study point to the possibility of using tunics from purple garlic in the food and medical industries, since it contains many functional compounds which can be exploited as ingredients.
|
['Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Cluster Analysis', 'Computational Biology', 'Ecotype', 'Garlic', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Organ Specificity', 'Saponins', 'Sulfur Compounds']
| 28,825,644
|
[['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['G05.695.200', 'G16.500.275.157.049.230', 'N06.230.124.049.230'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.618.100.050.060.300'], ['E05.196.566'], ['G07.650'], ['D09.408.782'], ['D01.875', 'D02.886']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Combining pindolol and paroxetine in an animal model of chronic antidepressant action--can early onset of action be detected?
|
The realisation that pindolol may accelerate the effects of some antidepressant drugs in clinical trials has added extra impetus to the search for faster acting antidepressants. Currently, no animal model of depression can identify potential faster acting antidepressant drugs or drug combinations. In this study, we investigate the effects of combining pindolol (2 mg/kg, s.c., bid) with the antidepressant paroxetine (2.5 mg/kg, i.p., bid) in the olfactory bulbectomised rat, an animal model of chronic (but not acute) antidepressant activity. Ambulation scores were measured in separate groups of rats, following 3, 7 and 14 days of treatment. Further, we simultaneously study adaptive changes in 5-HT1A receptor function, utilising alterations in the hypothermic response to the 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT). Pindolol in combination with paroxetine attenuated the hypothermic effects of 8-OH-DPAT as early as 3 days with a full reversal evident following 7 days, whereas paroxetine alone did so after 14 days only. Likewise, paroxetine alone reversed the olfactory bulbectomy-induced hyperactivity in the open field following 14 days of treatment only, this being the normal time of an 'antidepressant' response in this model. However, the group treated with both paroxetine and pindolol failed to reverse the hyperactive response. This suggests that a factor intrinsic to pindolol antagonises the behavioural effects of paroxetine in the olfactory bulbectomised rat. It also demonstrates that the reversal of this aspect of the olfactory bulbectomy-induced behavioural syndrome is insensitive to the potential faster onset of antidepressant action induced by pindolol. The ability of the combination group to attenuate the hypothermic effects of 8-OH-DPAT much faster further emphasises the role of the 5-HT1A receptor in the mechanism of action of antidepressants and as a target for the development of faster acting antidepressants. However, an animal model sensitive to the effects of any such compound and the actions of pindolol remains elusive.
|
['8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin', 'Adrenergic beta-Antagonists', 'Animals', 'Antidepressive Agents', 'Depression', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Exploratory Behavior', 'Hypothermia', 'Male', 'Olfactory Bulb', 'Paroxetine', 'Pindolol', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Serotonin Receptor Agonists']
| 9,718,263
|
[['D02.455.426.559.847.638.960.400', 'D04.615.638.960.400'], ['D27.505.519.625.050.200.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.200.200'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.427.700.122'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['E02.319.310'], ['F01.145.387', 'F01.658.370'], ['C23.888.119.565'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.388'], ['D03.383.621.600'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.699', 'D02.033.755.624.698.699', 'D02.092.063.624.698.699'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D27.505.519.625.850.800', 'D27.505.696.577.850.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Past-year relational victimization is associated with a blunted neural response to rewards in emerging adults.
|
Anhedonia is associated with multiple forms of psychopathology, yet relatively, little is known about how anhedonia develops. Emerging evidence suggests that anhedonia is the result of interactions between life stress and the brain's reward systems, and that social stress, in particular, may drive these processes. One potent form of social stress is peer victimization, but very little research has focused on peer victimization beyond adolescence, and even less has examined the associations between peer victimization and neural response to rewards. The present study sought to identify associations between past-year history of peer victimization and neural response to rewards in emerging adults (N = 61). Relational and physical forms of victimization were assessed separately since these distinct types of social stress have different trajectories across development and different associations with psychopathology. Reward sensitivity was indexed with the event-related potential component known as the reward positivity, which was elicited using a forced-choice monetary reward guessing task. Results demonstrated that past-year relational, but not physical, victimization was associated with a blunted neural response to rewards. These findings provide insight into one potential mechanism in the etiology of anhedonia, which may, in turn, help us to better identify pathways to multiple psychopathologies.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anhedonia', 'Brain', 'Bullying', 'Crime Victims', 'Evoked Potentials', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Peer Group', 'Reward', 'Self Concept', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Young Adult']
| 30,307,568
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C10.597.606.057', 'C23.888.592.604.039', 'F01.700.039'], ['A08.186.211'], ['F01.145.126.125.550', 'F01.145.813.213.500', 'I01.880.735.070'], ['M01.135'], ['G07.265.216.500', 'G11.561.200.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.316.483'], ['F02.463.425.770.836'], ['F01.752.747.792'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Evolution within the fungal genus Verticillium is characterized by chromosomal rearrangement and gene loss.
|
The fungal genus Verticillium contains ten species, some of which are notorious plant pathogens causing vascular wilt diseases in host plants, while others are known as saprophytes and opportunistic plant pathogens. Whereas the genome of V. dahliae, the most notorious plant pathogen of the genus, has been well characterized, evolution and speciation of other members of the genus received little attention thus far. Here, we sequenced the genomes of the nine haploid Verticillium spp. to study evolutionary trajectories of their divergence from a last common ancestor. Frequent occurrence of chromosomal rearrangement and gene family loss was identified. In addition to ?11 000 genes that are shared at least between two species, only 200-600 species-specific genes occur. Intriguingly, these species-specific genes show different features than the shared genes.
|
['Base Sequence', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Genome, Bacterial', 'Plant Diseases', 'Plants', 'Verticillium', 'Whole Genome Sequencing']
| 29,282,842
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['G05.360.340.358.207'], ['G15.610'], ['B01.650'], ['B01.300.381.950'], ['E05.393.760.700.825']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Esophagus sparing with IMRT in lung tumor irradiation: an EUD-based optimization technique.
|
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate (1) the use of generalized equivalent uniform dose (gEUD) to optimize dose escalation of lung tumors when the esophagus overlaps the planning target volume (PTV) and (2) the potential benefit of further dose escalation in only the part of the PTV that does not overlap the esophagus.METHODS AND MATERIALS: The treatment-planning computed tomography (CT) scans of patients with primary lung tumors located in different regions of the left and right lung were used for the optimization of beamlet intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) plans. In all cases, the PTV overlapped part of the esophagus. The dose in the PTV was maximized according to 7 different primary cost functions: 2 plans that made use of mean dose (MD) (the reference plan, in which the 95% isodose surface covered the PTV and a second plan that had no constraint on the minimum isodose), 3 plans based on maximizing gEUD for the whole PTV with ever increasing assumptions for tumor aggressiveness, and 2 plans that used different gEUD values in 2 simultaneous, overlapping target volumes (the whole PTV and the PTV minus esophagus). Beam arrangements and NTCP-based costlets for the organs at risk (OARs) were kept identical to the original conformal plan for each case. Regardless of optimization method, the relative ranking of the resulting plans was evaluated in terms of the absence of cold spots within the PTV and the final gEUD computed for the whole PTV.RESULTS: Because the MD-optimized plans lacked a constraint on minimum PTV coverage, they resulted in cold spots that affected approximately 5% of the PTV volume. When optimizing over the whole PTV volume, gEUD-optimized plans resulted in higher equivalent uniform PTV doses than did the reference plan while still maintaining normal-tissue constraints. However, only under the assumption of extremely aggressive tumors could cold spots in the PTV be avoided. Generally, high-level overall results are obtained when optimization in the whole PTV is also associated with a second simultaneous optimization in the PTV minus overlapping portions of the esophagus.CONCLUSIONS: Intensity modulated radiation therapy optimizations that utilize gEUD-based cost functions for the PTV and NTCP-based constraints for the OARs result in increased doses to large portions of the PTV in cases where the PTV overlaps the esophagus, while still maintaining (and confining to the overlap region) minimum dose coverage equivalent to the homogeneous PTV optimization cases.
|
['Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Esophagus', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Radiography', 'Radiotherapy Dosage', 'Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted', 'Radiotherapy, Conformal']
| 16,111,587
|
[['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['A03.556.875.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E02.815.639'], ['E02.950.825', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.608'], ['E02.815.635.700', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.550']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Protective effect of a new antioxidant on acute hepatotoxicity caused by morpholine plus nitrite in rats.
|
Bis(2,2-dimethyl-4-methane sulphonic acid sodium salt-1,2-dihydroquinoline)-6,6'-methane (MTDQ-DA), a new, non-toxic, water soluble antioxidant, is shown to inhibit liver necrosis induced in rats by N-nitrosomorpholine (N-MOR), itself formed in vivo following the administration simultaneously of morphine (MOR) and sodium nitrite (NaNO2).
|
['Animals', 'Antioxidants', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Morpholines', 'Necrosis', 'Nitrites', 'Nitrosamines', 'Quinolines', 'Rats', 'Sodium Nitrite']
| 7,222,103
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['A03.620'], ['D03.383.533.640'], ['C23.550.717'], ['D01.248.497.158.635', 'D01.625.600.600', 'D02.633'], ['D02.654.442'], ['D03.633.100.810'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D01.625.600.600.800', 'D01.857.775']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Bilinear dynamical systems.
|
In this paper, we propose the use of bilinear dynamical systems (BDS)s for model-based deconvolution of fMRI time-series. The importance of this work lies in being able to deconvolve haemodynamic time-series, in an informed way, to disclose the underlying neuronal activity. Being able to estimate neuronal responses in a particular brain region is fundamental for many models of functional integration and connectivity in the brain. BDSs comprise a stochastic bilinear neurodynamical model specified in discrete time, and a set of linear convolution kernels for the haemodynamics. We derive an expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm for parameter estimation, in which fMRI time-series are deconvolved in an E-step and model parameters are updated in an M-Step. We report preliminary results that focus on the assumed stochastic nature of the neurodynamic model and compare the method to Wiener deconvolution.
|
['Algorithms', 'Brain', 'Brain Mapping', 'Computer Simulation', 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'Humans', 'Linear Models', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Models, Neurological', 'Neurons', 'Stochastic Processes', 'Time Factors']
| 16,087,442
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['L01.224.160'], ['E05.245.380', 'E05.318.740.300', 'L01.313.500.750.190.380', 'N05.715.360.750.300', 'N06.850.520.830.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E05.599.395.642'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['E05.318.740.996', 'G17.830', 'N05.715.360.750.770', 'N06.850.520.830.996'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Association between the C34T polymorphism of the AMPD1 gene and essential hypertension in Malaysian patients.
|
The aim of this study was to determine whether C34T, a common polymorphism of the adenosine monophosphate deaminase 1 gene (AMPD1), is associated with essential hypertension (EH). We hypothesize that C34T is associated with the development of EH. A case-control design was used for this study. The DNA was extracted using a commercial kit from the whole blood of 200 patients with hypertension and 200 subjects without hypertension from selected Malaysian ethnicities (Malays, Chinese, and Indians). Polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and agarose gel electrophoresis were used for genotyping. The C34T gene polymorphism of AMPD1 was significantly associated with EH in the Malaysian subjects (P < 0.0001). The genotype frequencies of CC, CT, and TT were 6%, 79%, and 15%, respectively, among hypertensive subjects, while no TT genotypes were observed in the normotensive subjects. Further, the frequency of hypertension was higher among T allele carriers than C carriers (OD = 9.94; 95%CI = 6.851-14.434). There were significant differences in the systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and pulse pressure (P ? 0.05) between the normotensive and hypertensive Malaysian subjects; we believe those difference were caused by the C34T polymorphism. For the first time in Malaysia, the current study provides evidence that a common polymorphism of the AMPD1 gene (C34T) is strongly associated with EH.
|
['AMP Deaminase', 'Aged', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Heterozygote', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Malaysia', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide']
| 27,323,204
|
[['D08.811.277.151.653.060'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['G05.380.383'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['Z01.252.145.487'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.795.598']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Efficacy and influence factors of icotinib hydrochloride in treating advanced non-small cell lung cancer.
|
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of icotinib hydrochloride in the treatment of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and discuss the influence factors on efficacy.PATIENTS AND METHODS: 120 treatment-experienced patients confirmed by pathology or cytology with stage III B-IV non-small cell lung cancer took icotinib hydrochloride and erlotinib orally until the occurrence of disease progression or serious adverse reactions. Then, the efficacy of icotinib hydrochloride and the related influence factors were analyzed.RESULTS: In icotinib hydrochloride group, the response rate and the disease control rate were 30.00% and 65.00%, and the median progression-free survival time was 179 days (95% CI: 103.21-254.78); in erlotinib group, the response rate and the disease control rate were 25.00% and 56.70%, and the median progression-free survival time was 121 days (95% CI: 95.05-146.94). Moreover, the objective response rate and the disease control rate of second-line therapy were both superior to the third-line and above therapy. The objective response rate of patients with complete response/partial response/stable disease after the first-line therapy was higher than that of patients without response after the first-line therapy (p<0.05), and the significant differences existed in the objective response rate and the disease control rate among mutant group, wild-type group, and unknown group (p<0.05). The response rate and the disease control rate of erythra group were higher than those of non-erythra group (p<0.05). It was showed in the univariate analysis that the progression-free survival was correlated with the smoking status and the epidermal growth factor receptor gene mutations.CONCLUSIONS: The icotinib hydrochloride is effective and safe in treating the treatment-experienced patients with advanced NSCLC, especially for patients with sensitive mutations.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Crown Ethers', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mutation', 'Quinazolines']
| 28,165,562
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['D02.355.291.308', 'D04.345.051.500', 'D04.345.241.308'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D03.633.100.786']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Evaluation of routine double contrast views of the anterior wall of the stomach.
|
Since June 1974, we have performed over 1,500 consecutive double contrast upper gastrointestinal examinations. The double contrast study of the anterior wall has been a useful adjunct to conventional mucosal relief and dosed compression studies. Nevertheless, the low diagnostic yield of the anterior wall examination does not appear to justify including it as part of the routine double contrast upper gastrointestinal study.
|
['Contrast Media', 'Fluoroscopy', 'Gastric Mucosa', 'Humans', 'Radiographic Image Enhancement', 'Stomach', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Stomach Ulcer', 'Technology, Radiologic']
| 179,373
|
[['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['E01.370.350.700.225'], ['A03.556.875.875.440', 'A10.615.550.291'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.600.350.700', 'E01.370.350.700.700', 'L01.224.308.380.600'], ['A03.556.875.875'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['C06.405.469.275.800.849', 'C06.405.748.586.849'], ['E05.920', 'H02.010.850', 'J01.897.891']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Rationale and design of the school-based SI! Program to face obesity and promote health among Spanish adolescents: A cluster-randomized controlled trial.
|
Unhealthy habits in adolescents are increasing at an alarming rate. The school offers a promising environment in which to implement effective preventive strategies to improve adolescents' lifestyle behaviors. The SI! Program is a multilevel multicomponent school-based health-promotion intervention aimed at all stages of compulsory education in Spain. We present the study design of the SI! Program for Secondary Schools, targeting adolescents aged 12 to 16 years.AIM: The main goal of this study is to evaluate the impact of the SI! Program educational intervention on adolescent lifestyle behaviors and health parameters.METHODS: The study was designed as a cluster-randomized controlled intervention trial and enrolled 1326 adolescents from 24 public secondary schools in Spain, together with their parents/caregivers. Schools and their students were randomly assigned to the intervention group (the SI! curriculum-based educational program over 2 or 4 academic years) or to the control group (usual curriculum). The primary endpoint will be the change from baseline at 2-year and 4-year follow-up in the composite Ideal Cardiovascular Health (ICH) score, consisting of four health behaviors (body mass index, dietary habits, physical activity, and smoking) and three health factors (blood pressure, total cholesterol, and glucose). Secondary endpoints will include 2-year and 4-year changes from baseline in ICH score subcomponents, the Fuster-BEWAT health scale, adiposity markers (waist circumference and body composition), polyphenol and carotenoid intake, and emotion management.DISCUSSION: The overarching goal of the SI! Program is to instill healthy behaviors in children and adolescents that can be sustained into adulthood. The SI! Program for Secondary School is a comprehensive health-promotion intervention targeting 12-16-year-old adolescents and their immediate environment. The present study addresses the optimal timing and impact of the educational intervention on health in adolescence.
|
['Adolescent', 'Body Mass Index', 'Child', 'Curriculum', 'Exercise', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Female', 'Health Behavior', 'Health Education', 'Humans', 'Life Style', 'Male', 'Obesity', 'School Health Services', 'Schools', 'Spain']
| 31,277,052
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['M01.060.406'], ['I02.158'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['F01.145.488'], ['I02.233.332', 'N02.421.726.407'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.458'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['N02.421.726.809'], ['I02.783', 'J03.832'], ['Z01.542.846']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Ballantyne syndrome: a case report.
|
Ballantyne syndrome (also called mirror syndrome or triple edema) describes the unusual association of fetal and placental hydrops with maternal preeclampsia. This is a case report illustrating a 37-year-old patient who was referred to our clinics at 28 weeks of gestation (wg) because of fetal hydrothorax. On examination, the woman did not show signs of preeclampsia. The fetal ultrasound examination revealed bulky hydrothorax, generalized subcutaneous edema, placental edema, and polyhydramnios. It was not possible to find the cause of the fetal hydrops. At 29 weeks and 4 days of gestation, the fetal hydrothorax was removed by two pleuro-amniotic shunts, but at the moment of our intervention anasarca was already present. In the following 3 days, despite observing bed rest, the mother developed edema of hands and face, while blood pressure remained normal. At 30 wg the patient underwent cesarean section because fetal movements ceased and the fetal heart rate monitoring showed loss of variability and decelerations. Before dying, the neonate lived for 20 days in a state of deep hypotension.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hydrops Fetalis', 'Pre-Eclampsia', 'Pregnancy', 'Syndrome', 'Ultrasonography, Prenatal']
| 16,354,984
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C13.703.277.060.480', 'C15.378.295.480', 'C15.378.420.826.100.350', 'C16.300.060.480', 'C16.320.365.826.100.350', 'C20.306.480', 'C23.888.277.395'], ['C13.703.395.249'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C23.550.288.500'], ['E01.370.350.850.865', 'E01.370.378.630.865']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Consultation for employees about cancer: the role of industrial physicians].
|
At present, one-third of people die of cancer and the number is still increasing in Japan. Recently, the discovery of new drugs and the development of medical oncology promote outpatient treatment for cancer patients. In the near future, the working style by employees receiving cancer chemotherapy is expected to increase. In this article we discuss the role of the industrial physician in factories in the consultation for working staff with cancer or anxieties of cancer.
|
['Anxiety', 'Counseling', 'Health Education', 'Humans', 'Neoplasms', 'Occupational Health Services', 'Occupational Medicine', "Physician's Role", 'Referral and Consultation', 'Workplace']
| 17,380,732
|
[['F01.470.132'], ['F02.784.176', 'F04.408.413', 'N02.421.143.303', 'N02.421.461.363'], ['I02.233.332', 'N02.421.726.407'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04'], ['N02.421.143.740'], ['H02.403.720.750.510'], ['F01.829.316.616.625.600'], ['N04.452.758.849'], ['N01.824.245.925', 'N04.452.677.975']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Gaucher disease (type III): intellectual profile.
|
In 20 patients with Gaucher disease type III (Norrbottnian variant), long-term intellectual prognoses were analyzed on the basis of psychometric tests which were performed on an average of five tests per patient. Intellectual delay was not found to be characteristic of the early stages of the disease. Slow regression occurred through childhood and adolescence. Patients splenectomized at an early stage averaged lower IQ scores in the long-term than those in whom the spleen had been spared as long as possible. These data added to other evidence of increased neurologic and other organ impairment after splenectomy, support the view that the spleen should not be removed in other than emergent situations.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Gaucher Disease', 'Humans', 'Intelligence', 'Splenectomy']
| 3,508,057
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C10.228.140.163.100.435.825.400', 'C16.320.565.189.435.825.400', 'C16.320.565.398.641.803.441', 'C16.320.565.595.554.825.400', 'C18.452.132.100.435.825.400', 'C18.452.584.687.803.441', 'C18.452.648.189.435.825.400', 'C18.452.648.398.641.803.441', 'C18.452.648.595.554.825.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.752.543'], ['E04.726']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Hepatic stellate cells in hepatitis C patients: relationship with the development of interstitial fibrosis in renal allografts.
|
The aim of this study was twofold; first, we evaluated the influence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and iron deposition on hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), and second, we determined the influence of HSCs on the development of interstitial fibrosis (IF) in renal allografts. Thirty chronic HCV positive patients bearing renal allografts underwent liver biopsies, which were scored for iron deposition and the number of HSCs. We evaluated the density of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in liver biopsies and the expression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) on tubules of renal allografts from the same patients. We examined the development of IF in renal allografts at 12 and 24 months after the reference biopsy. The density of HSCs was significantly greater among patients with compared with those without iron deposits (P < .01). TNF-alpha expression was localized mainly to liver sinusoidal cells; in some cases, it was also expressed in hepatocytes. Patients with higher-grade TNF-alpha expression in the liver showed higher-grade alpha-smooth muscle antibody (alpha-SMA)-positive HSCs (P < .001). In parallel, an increasing amount of HSCs in the liver increased the incidence of IF in the renal allograft at 12 (P < .01) and 24 (P < .01) months after the reference biopsy. In addition, the expression of TGF-beta on renal allograft tubules were increased with greater grades of alpha-SMA-positive HSCs in liver (P < .01). In conclusion, HCV infection seemed to trigger the development of IF in renal allografts by augmenting TGF-beta secretion through activation of HSC.
|
['Adult', 'Biopsy', 'Hepatic Stellate Cells', 'Hepatitis C, Chronic', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Interferons', 'Iron', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Kidney Tubules', 'Liver', 'Middle Aged', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta', 'Transplantation, Homologous', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 19,765,451
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['A11.561'], ['C01.221.250.750.120', 'C01.925.440.440.120', 'C01.925.782.350.350.120', 'C06.552.380.350.120', 'C06.552.380.705.440.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['D12.644.276.374.440', 'D12.776.467.374.440', 'D23.529.374.440'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['A05.810.453.736.560'], ['A03.620'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.644.276.374.687', 'D12.644.276.954.775', 'D12.776.467.374.687', 'D12.776.467.942.775', 'D23.529.374.687', 'D23.529.942.775'], ['E04.936.864'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Kidney volume associations with subclinical renal and cardiovascular disease: the Diabetes Heart Study.
|
BACKGROUND: The prognostic significance of total kidney volume (TKV) in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is unknown.METHODS: One hundred and seventy unrelated Caucasians with T2DM underwent multidetector-row computed tomography of the neck, chest, and abdomen to measure calcified plaque in the coronary artery (CorCP), carotid artery (CarCP), and infrarenal aorta (AorCP). Spearman's rank correlation coefficients were used to assess associations between TKV and subclinical renal and cardiovascular disease. Partial correlation coefficients were computed to adjust for the potential confounding effects of age, sex, body mass index, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), diabetes duration, and hemoglobin A(1c). Values are expressed as mean +/- SD (median in parentheses).RESULTS: The study group (51% female) had a mean age of 62.9 +/- 8.5 (62.3) years, a T2DM duration of 11.5 +/- 6.8 (10.0) years, a urinary albumin:creatinine ratio of 109.9 +/- 396 (17.6) mg/g, a GFR of 63.8 +/- 12.8 (63.2) ml/min, a TKV of 272.4 +/- 69.7 (261.9) cm(3), CorCP 2,170 +/- 3,394 (653), CarCP 374 +/- 673 (104), AorCP 14,569 +/- 17,480 (8,370), and a carotid artery intima-media thickness of 0.70 +/- 0.14 (0.68) mm. Adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes duration, GFR, and hemoglobin A(1c), the TKV was significantly associated with AorCP (r = 0.20, p = 0.016), but not with CorCP, CarCP, or carotid artery intima-media thickness (all p >or= 0.25). No significant associations were detected between TKV and blood pressure or albuminuria.CONCLUSIONS: In Caucasians with T2DM, TKV and calcified atherosclerotic plaque in the infrarenal abdominal aorta are positively associated. Common mechanisms linking renal matrix deposition with aortic atherosclerosis may underlie this association and require further study.
|
['Aged', 'Albuminuria', 'Aorta, Abdominal', 'Atherosclerosis', 'Blood Pressure', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Diabetic Angiopathies', 'Diabetic Neuropathies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Organ Size', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 18,057,869
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C12.777.934.734.269', 'C13.351.968.934.734.269', 'C23.888.942.750.269'], ['A07.015.114.056.205'], ['C14.907.137.126.307'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['C14.907.320', 'C19.246.099.500'], ['C10.668.829.300', 'C19.246.099.937'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Delayed Introduction of Everolimus in De Novo Renal Transplanted Patients: A Single-Center Experience.
|
INTRODUCTION: Immunosuppressive protocols containing everolimus (EVR) preserve good renal function in kidney transplantation (KT), although they are often complicated by several adverse events. We have evaluated the efficacy and safety of a protocol with late (1 month after KT) EVR introduction.MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study randomized 49 de novo patients undergoing KT between September 2012 and June 2014 into 2 groups: group A (n = 24) with late EVR introduction and tacrolimus reduction, and group B (control group; n = 25) with a standard immunosuppressive regimen. Primary aims were 1-year patient and graft survivals and acute rejection rates. Secondary aims were related to wound, metabolic, and hematologic complications.RESULTS: Patient and graft survivals were similar in both groups. One year after KT, median serum creatinine was inferior in group A (1.4 vs 1.8 mg/dL; P = .004). Late acute rejection (8.3 vs 12.0%; P = 1.0) and wound complication (4.2 vs 4.0%; P = 1.0) rates were similar. Higher cholesterol and triglycerides and lower platelets and hemoglobin levels were observed in group A.CONCLUSIONS: In our experience, delayed introduction of EVR shows similar results with respect to its early introduction, contemporaneously presenting fewer wound complications and lymphoceles. A higher rate of metabolic and hematologic complications are, however, observed in patients under EVR therapy. Further multicenter studies should be performed to confirm these preliminary results.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Everolimus', 'Female', 'Graft Rejection', 'Graft Survival', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Kidney Function Tests', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Tacrolimus', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 27,109,947
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D02.540.505.760.500'], ['G12.875.545.328'], ['G12.875.545.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['E01.370.390.400'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['D02.540.505.810'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Intramuscular and oral disposition of enrofloxacin in African grey parrots following single and multiple doses.
|
The intramuscular (IM) and oral (PO) disposition of enrofloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone antimicrobial drug, were evaluated in African grey parrots. Peak enrofloxacin concentration, mean (+/- SEM), at 1 h following a 15-mg/kg IM dose was 3.87 (+/- 0.27) micrograms/ml and declined with a mean residence time of 3.05 h. Peak enrofloxacin plasma concentrations at 2 to 4 h following oral doses of 3, 15, and 30 mg/kg were 0.31 (+/- 0.11), 1.12 (+/- 0.11), and 1.69 (+/- 0.23) micrograms/ml, respectively, and declined with a mean residence time of 3.44-5.28 h. The relative bioavailability of the 15-mg/kg oral dose was 48%. An equipotent metabolite, ciprofloxacin, was detected in plasma at concentrations ranging from 3 to 78% of those of enrofloxacin. Enrofloxacin concentrations and area under the curve were significantly lower, the mean residence time significantly shorter and the ciprofloxacin/enrofloxacin ratios higher, following 10 days of oral treatment at 30 mg/kg every 12 h. Following 10 days of treatment, no significant biochemical changes were noted; however, polydipsia and polyuria occurred in treated birds, but resolved quickly upon discontinuation of enrofloxacin administration. These studies indicate that a rational starting dose for enrofloxacin in psittacines (7.5-30 mg/kg BID) should be higher than those in other domestic animals.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Animals', 'Anti-Infective Agents', 'Biological Availability', 'Ciprofloxacin', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Enrofloxacin', 'Fluoroquinolones', 'Half-Life', 'Injections, Intramuscular', 'Parrots', 'Quinolones']
| 1,663,561
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122'], ['G03.787.151', 'G07.690.725.129'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322.186'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322.304'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322'], ['G01.910.405'], ['E02.319.267.530.460'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.710.672'], ['D03.633.100.810.835']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Interaction of H1 lysine-rich histone fragments with DNA].
|
The interaction of H1 histone octapeptide 15--22 amino acid sequence fragment and shorter peptides with DNA has been investigated in water low ionic strength solutions (0.01 M NaCl) by means of UV-spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD), equilibrium dialysis and thermal denaturation. Decreasing of the DNA absorbtion band intensity (260 nm) in complexes with peptides, appearance of the apparent optical density (lambda greater than 320 nm) and presence of the intense positive band at approximately 270 nm in CD-spectra allowed to draw a conclusion that under the action of peptides, the compactization of DNA occurs with the formation of psi + type condensate. The data on equilibrium dialysis and thermal denaturation of the complexes evidence that the compactization decreases the binding degree of DNA and H1 histone fragments and lowers the influence of the latter on DNA helix stabilization.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'DNA', 'Histones', 'Kinetics', 'Lysine', 'Male', 'Nucleic Acid Conformation', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Salmon', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet', 'Spermatozoa']
| 6,808,352
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D12.776.157.687.485', 'D12.776.660.720.485', 'D12.776.664.469'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D12.125.068.555', 'D12.125.095.647', 'D12.125.142.497'], ['G02.111.570.820.486', 'G05.360.580'], ['D12.644.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.817.750.705'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802'], ['A05.360.490.890', 'A11.497.760']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Ventral Approach to the Middle Hepatic Vein During Laparoscopic Hemihepatectomy.
|
BACKGROUND: The caudal approach constitutes a conceptual change in laparoscopic hepatectomy.1-4 The middle hepatic vein (MHV) located in the midplane of the liver serves as a landmark during hemihepatectomy.5 However, it is difficult to expose the MHV from its peripheral branches toward the main root via the caudal approach because of anatomical variations in branching patterns.6 We present the ventral approach to the MHV during laparoscopic hemihepatectomy.METHOD: The ventral approach involves liver transection from the ventral to the dorsal aspect using a flexible laparoscope, similar to an open hepatectomy.7 The key characteristic of the ventral approach is early transection of the cranial portion of the liver, which facilitates accurate transection and maintains an open cutting plane. After achieving a wide surgical plane, the MHV is exposed from the main root toward its peripheral branches. The plane of parenchymal transection is easily modified based on the type of hemihepatectomy.RESULTS: This technique was used in 15 patients between March 2016 and July 2018, of whom 7 underwent right hemihepatectomy and 8 underwent left hemihepatectomy. The median operative time was 240 min (range 180-410), and the intraoperative blood loss was 150 mL (range 80-310). The median postoperative hospital stay was 8 days (range 5-14). No major postoperative morbidity or mortality was reported.CONCLUSION: The ventral approach to the MHV involving exposure of the vein from the main trunk toward its peripheral branches may be an effective and feasible technique during laparoscopic hemihepatectomy.
|
['Hepatectomy', 'Hepatic Veins', 'Humans', 'Laparoscopy', 'Length of Stay', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Operative Time', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prognosis']
| 30,353,394
|
[['E04.210.556'], ['A07.015.908.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['E04.614.374.500', 'N02.421.585.753.374.500'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E01.789']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Neonatal herpes simplex encephalitis: correlation of clinical and CT findings.
|
Review of 31 computed tomographic (CT) scans in 15 neonates with herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) type 2 revealed the most characteristic early findings to be patchy and widespread areas of low attenuation, primarily in white matter, with minimal contrast material enhancement in a meningeal pattern. The low-attenuation lesions increased rapidly in size and prominence during the course of the disease. This was usually accompanied by increased attenuation of cortical gray matter that persisted for weeks to months. Atrophic changes appeared rapidly, being evident in the 3d week. Late findings consisted of very extensive, diffuse, low attenuation of white matter with cortical atrophy. Calcification assumed a variety of distributions, from punctate to an extensive gyral pattern. The cerebellum was involved in nine patients. Early CT findings were not good predictors of outcome, but later serial CT scans showing progression or stability of findings were more accurate in prognosis. CT serves primarily to confirm the diagnosis of neonatal HSE.
|
['Encephalitis', 'Female', 'Herpes Simplex', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 3,809,499
|
[['C10.228.140.430'], ['C01.925.256.466.382', 'C01.925.825.320', 'C17.800.838.790.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The rs3761548 FOXP3 variant is associated with multiple sclerosis and transforming growth factor â1 levels in female patients.
|
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between rs3761548 FOXP3 (-3279 C > A) variant and multiple sclerosis (MS), disability, disability progression, as well as transforming growth factor (TGF)-â1 and interleukin (IL)-10 plasma levels in MS patients.METHODS AND SUBJECTS: The study included 170 MS patients and 182 controls. Disability was evaluated using Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and categorized as mild (EDSS ? 3) and moderate/high (EDSS > 3). Disability progression was evaluated using Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score (MSSS). The rs3761548 variant was determined with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Plasma levels of TGF-â1 and IL-10 were determined using immunofluorimetric assay.RESULTS: CA and AA genotypes were associated with MS [odds ratio (OR) 2.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.66-3.53, p = 0.012; OR 8.19, 95% CI 3.04-22.07, p < 0.001, respectively). With the dominant model, the CA + AA genotypes were associated with MS (OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.50-4.37, p < 0.001). In the recessive model, the AA genotype was also associated with MS (OR 5.38, 95% CI 2.12-13.64, p < 0.001). After adjustment by age, ethnicity, BMI and smoking, all these results remained significant, as well as female patients carrying the CA + AA genotypes showed higher TGF-â1 than those carrying the CC genotype (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.001-1.054, p = 0.043). No association was observed between the genotypes and disability, disability progression and IL-10 levels.CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the A allele of FOXP3 -3279 C > A variant may exert a role in the T regulatory cell function, which could be one of the factors involved in the susceptibility for MS in females.
|
['Adult', 'Brazil', 'Female', 'Forkhead Transcription Factors', 'Genetic Variation', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-10', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multiple Sclerosis', 'Sex Characteristics', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta1']
| 31,414,141
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['D12.776.260.950.249', 'D12.776.930.977.249'], ['G05.365'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.510', 'D12.776.467.374.465.510', 'D23.529.374.465.510'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.114.375.500', 'C10.314.350.500', 'C20.111.258.250.500'], ['G08.686.815'], ['D12.644.276.374.687.100', 'D12.644.276.954.775.100', 'D12.776.467.374.687.100', 'D12.776.467.942.775.100', 'D23.529.374.687.100', 'D23.529.942.775.100']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Moderate zinc-iron deprivation influences behavior but not growth in adolescent rhesus monkeys.
|
Primate species demonstrate a prolonged period of development before reproductive maturity that includes distinctive periods of rapid growth in the late fetal, late infancy and early adolescent stages. Rhesus monkeys resemble humans in this discontinuous pattern of growth and also in its relationship to brain development. Studies of zinc deprivation in rhesus monkeys have suggested an important relationship among growth rate, nutrient status and behavioral performance in infancy as well as adolescence. Recently, moderate combined zinc and iron deprivation (intake 0.2 mg Zn and 0.8 mg Fe/d, compared with control intake of 2.9 mg Zn and 1.7 mg Fe/d) during the adolescent growth spurt (29-32 mo. of age) of female rhesus monkeys (n = 8/group) was shown to influence behavior without affecting growth. Behavioral assessments included the Continuous Performance Test, the Delayed Nonmatch to Sample Test and activity (measured with an actimeter). The behavioral syndrome was characterized by reduced activity, reduced participation in behavioral testing and slower response. These changes could be reversed or prevented to some extent by altering the diet to include tablets of powdered beef (adding approximately 1.7 mg Zn and 0.7 mg Fe to daily intake). The study suggests that behavior may be sensitive to the quality of the diet available during the period of rapid adolescent growth and development.
|
['Animals', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Body Weight', 'Diet', 'Female', 'Growth', 'Hematocrit', 'Iron', 'Macaca mulatta', 'Zinc']
| 10,721,905
|
[['B01.050'], ['F01.145.113'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['G07.345.249'], ['E01.370.225.625.400', 'E05.200.625.400', 'G09.188.370.374'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510.550'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Rapidly deteriorated lobar intracerebral hemorrhages: possible association of varicella zoster virus-vasculopathy].
|
A 75-year-old man having dementia and lifestyle related diseases developed a lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (LICH) in the left parietal and a small cerebellar infarction in the left occipital lobe. Many micro bleeds (MB) due to cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) in the subcortical areas and multiple vascular stenosis were also found by MRI and MRA. He developed herpes zoster in his buttocks on day 6 of hospitalization and complicated with varicella zoster virus (VZV) meningitis with positive for VZV-DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid. Subsequently, LICHs occurred in the left frontal lobe and in the right parietal lobe for a short period of time and died on the day 18. We speculated that the repeating hemorrhages was primarily caused by VZV vasculopathy and additionally the subcortical MBs increased the hemorrhagic risk. The relationship between VZV vasculopathy and CAA should be studied in the future.
|
['Aged', 'Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy', 'Cerebral Hemorrhage', 'Disease Progression', 'Fatal Outcome', 'Frontal Lobe', 'Herpes Zoster', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Angiography', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Parietal Lobe', 'Recurrence', 'Vasculitis, Central Nervous System']
| 29,607,919
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.228.140.300.510.200.200', 'C14.907.253.560.200.200', 'C18.452.845.500.100'], ['C10.228.140.300.535.200', 'C14.907.253.573.200', 'C23.550.414.913.100'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.325', 'N01.224.935.698.201', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.325', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.325'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270'], ['C01.925.256.466.930.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500.500', 'E01.370.370.050.500'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.670'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['C10.114.875', 'C10.228.140.300.850', 'C14.907.253.946', 'C14.907.940.907', 'C20.111.258.962']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Neurotolerability of contrast agents in rats with brain ischemia induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion: EEG evaluation.
|
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Because contrast agent (CA) formulations are injected intravenously to patients who may have a disrupted blood-brain barrier, their neurotolerability should be tested by using appropriate animal models. In the present study, a model of rat brain ischemia evaluated in terms of the electroencephalogram (EEG) was validated and then used to compare the neurotolerability of gadobenate dimeglumine to that of gadodiamide, a well-documented CA for brain MRI.METHODS: Rats were prepared for EEG recording about 15 days before ischemia induction. Ischemia was induced in the right hemisphere by 2-hour middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion and 3-day reperfusion. Model validation in terms of EEG, on day 3 after MCA occlusion, was performed by using iopromide, a poorly neurotolerated iodinated CA in rats, intravenously injected at 7 g iodine/kg. The EEG recording was analyzed for pathological tracings and for changes in spectral content in terms of the frequency index (FI) at 1, 2, and 3 hours after test compound injection. The comparative study between gadobenate dimeglumine and gadodiamide was performed at 2.0 mmol/kg. D-Mannitol was used as a control compound. The presence of CA in the rat brain was verified by measuring the total gadolinium content by using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry analysis. Given the absence of metabolism for both CAs, the values of gadolinium content can be interpreted as representing unmetabolized CA.RESULTS: On days 1, 2, and 3 after transient MCA occlusion, the lesioned hemisphere of rats presented a decreased FI value with respect to the basal value. The unlesioned hemisphere, after a slight, nonsignificant decrease in the FI value on the first 2 days, presented a normal FI value on day 3. Thus, ischemic rats on day 3 after transient MCA occlusion were chosen for these neurotolerability studies. Iopromide injected intravenously into ischemic rats at a dose 10 times higher than the maximum clinical dose caused bilateral spikes on the EEG and increases in FI values for the unlesioned hemisphere without affecting the lesioned hemisphere. Gadobenate dimeglumine, like gadodiamide when injected into ischemic rats, did not cause spikes or further changes in the FI value of the lesioned hemisphere and did not modify the normal FI value of the unlesioned hemisphere. Furthermore, no significant differences between gadobenate dimeglumine, gadodiamide, and D-mannitol were found when postinjection FI values were compared. Finally, higher levels of gadolinium were found in the lesioned hemisphere with respect to the unlesioned hemisphere after both gadobenate dimeglumine and gadodiamide administration.CONCLUSIONS: We can therefore conclude that (1) on the EEG, ischemia induced by transient MCA occlusion is an appropriate model for evaluating CA neurotolerability because ischemic and CA effects can be clearly differentiated; (2) the higher level of CA in the lesioned hemisphere compared with the unlesioned one (two to three times), even 3 hours after injection, demonstrates that the CA effectively penetrated the brain; if it were neurotoxic, any negative effects would have been detected; and (3) gadobenate dimeglumine, like gadodiamide, injected intravenously at a dose 20 times higher than the intended clinical dose for brain MRI is well tolerated and, also like gadodiamide, is suitable for use in neurological diseases for which contrast-enhanced MRI is indicated.
|
['Animals', 'Arterial Occlusive Diseases', 'Brain', 'Brain Ischemia', 'Cerebral Arterial Diseases', 'Contrast Media', 'Electroencephalography', 'Gadolinium DTPA', 'Male', 'Meglumine', 'Middle Cerebral Artery', 'Organometallic Compounds', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley']
| 11,176,255
|
[['B01.050'], ['C14.907.137'], ['A08.186.211'], ['C10.228.140.300.150', 'C14.907.253.092'], ['C10.228.140.300.510.200', 'C14.907.253.560.200'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['D02.092.782.590.401', 'D02.241.081.018.639.400', 'D02.257.141'], ['D02.033.800.813.550', 'D09.067.342.600', 'D09.853.813.550'], ['A07.015.114.228.550'], ['D02.691'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dislocation of the shoulder with fracture of the ipsilateral shaft of the humerus.
|
Three cases of dislocation of the shoulder and ipsilateral fracture of the shaft of the humerus are reported. The literature is reviewed. It is suggested that X-ray films should be taken of the shoulder and elbow in all patients with fractures of the shaft of the humerus.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Humeral Fractures', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radiography', 'Shoulder Dislocation']
| 4,008,003
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C26.088.390', 'C26.404.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['C05.550.518.750', 'C26.289.750', 'C26.803.125']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Percutaneous video-assisted necrosectomy for infected pancreatic necrosis.
|
AIMS OF THE STUDY: Percutaneous drainage of infected pancreatic necrosis is not always efficient and morbidity is high with open necrosectomy techniques. Minimally-invasive procedures have been developed to reduce this morbidity. We report our early experience with percutaneous video-assisted necrosectomy.METHODS: Among 61 patients with acute pancreatitis treated between January 2001 and February 2003, seven developed infected pancreatic necrosis. Six of these seven patients underwent percutaneous video-assisted necrosectomy after failure of radio-guided percutaneous drainage.RESULTS: One to four sessions of percutaneous video-assisted necrosectomy were required. There was no death. Sepsis control was achieved in all patients. One patient developed postoperative peritonitis due to intraoperative contamination of the peritoneal cavity. Eighteen months after the last necrosectomy, one patient developed a pseudocyst which was successfully cured by percutaneous drainage. One patient developed diabetes mellitus.CONCLUSION: Early experience in six patients has shown that percutaneous video-assisted necrosectomy is feasible, safe and efficient, in accordance with reports in the literature. Further evaluation is necessary.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Drainage', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures', 'Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Video-Assisted Surgery']
| 15,523,223
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.309', 'E04.237'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.502'], ['C06.689.750.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E01.370.388.250.950', 'E04.502.250.950']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Particle repositioning maneuver versus Brandt-Daroff exercise for treatment of unilateral idiopathic BPPV of the posterior semicircular canal: a randomized prospective clinical trial with short- and long-term outcome.
|
OBJECTIVE: To compare the outcome and probability of recurrence in a series of patients with unilateral idiopathic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo of the posterior canal (PC-BPPV) that were randomly treated by Brandt-Daroff exercise (B-D exercise) or by particle repositioning maneuver (PRM).STUDY DESIGN: Randomized prospective clinical trial.SETTING: Tertiary referral center.PATIENTS: Patients were included in this study if they complained of vertigo and had been diagnosed as having unilateral idiopathic PC-BPPV for at least 1 week before Dix-Hallpike maneuver (DHM), remained for 30 days in the randomly assigned treatment, and had at least 48 months' follow-up.INTERVENTION: Forty-one patients were treated with a single PRM and 40 patients by B-D exercise.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Resolution of benign paroxysmal positional nystagmus on the DHM. The probability of recurrence was also studied.RESULTS: At Day 7, DHM was negative in 80.5% of the PRM-treated patients and in 25% of those treated by B-D exercise (p < 0.001). At Month 1, the differences between both treatment groups remained statistically significant (92.7% in PRM versus 42.5% in the B-D exercise had a negative DHM; p < 0.001). The variable that influenced that DHM became negative was the PRM (RR = 4.8; 95% confidence interval, 2.5-9.2; p < 0.001). The number of recurrences in PRM and B-D exercise were 0.56 ± 0.8 and 0.48 ± 0.8, respectively (p = 0.48). The recurrence rate at 48 months was 35.5% (15/41) in B-D exercise and 36.6% (9/31) in the PRM group (p = 0.62). Although the time interval until the first recurrence was similar (p = 0.44), patients included in the PRM group showed a significantly longer time interval between the first and second recurrence (p = 0.04).CONCLUSION: PRM is more effective treatment and as safe as B-D exercise in the short term for unilateral and idiopathic PC-BPPV, and although it does not reduce the probability of recurrence in the 4-year follow-up period compared with B-D exercise, it may delay the second recurrence's onset in those patients who had already experienced a single recurrence. Our study supports the use of PRM as the treatment of choice in unilateral and idiopathic PC-BPPV, although exercise may be also considered as an alternative treatment in selected cases.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo', 'Cohort Studies', 'Eye Movements', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neurologic Examination', 'Physical Therapy Modalities', 'Prospective Studies', 'Recurrence', 'Semicircular Canals', 'Single-Blind Method', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vertigo', 'Young Adult']
| 22,935,812
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C09.218.568.900.883.500', 'C10.597.951.500', 'C23.888.592.958.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['G11.427.410.140', 'G14.350'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.376.550', 'E01.370.600.550'], ['E02.779', 'E02.831.535'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['A09.246.300.663'], ['E05.318.370.850', 'N05.715.360.325.730', 'N06.850.520.445.850'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C09.218.568.900.883', 'C10.597.951', 'C23.888.592.958'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Skydiving: The audiological perspective.
|
BACKGROUND: Skydiving is a popular recreational sport for the young and old. There is minimal research pertaining to skydiving and its relation to the audiological system. The risks of skydiving in relation to the auditory system should be explored further. Aims: The main aim of this study was to explore the relationship between skydiving and audiology in South Africa. The sub-aims of the study focused on determining if skydivers were provided with safety precautions before they commenced with the dive, determining the middle ear pressure before and after the skydive and identifying the audiological symptoms that were present post-dive. This study also aimed at scrutinising the South African sports and recreation policy. Method: A mixed-method descriptive research design was utilised. Qualitative information pertaining to audiology was identified and recorded from the scrutiny of South Africa (SA) policy and the dropzone consent forms at two skydiving schools. Thirty-one skydivers were purposefully recruited to undergo a pre- and post-dive tympanometric assessment. Results: There is no information within the clearance forms that pertain to the audiological risks related to skydiving. There was a lack of information related to the risks of skydiving in the clearance forms at both dive schools. A statistically significant pressure change was noted in regular skydivers, regardless of the ability to equalise effectively during the skydive. Conclusion: This study identified the gaps in policy and clearance forms, highlighting the need for the inclusion of safety measures and risks in the documentation and legislation that governs the sport. Audiologists, sportspeople and medical advisors should be cognisant of the negative consequences that may be evident within the auditory system of skydivers.
|
['Acoustic Impedance Tests', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Athletic Injuries', 'Audiology', 'Aviation', 'Ear Diseases', 'Female', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Qualitative Research', 'Risk', 'South Africa', 'Sports', 'Young Adult']
| 29,943,588
|
[['E01.370.382.375.050'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C26.115'], ['H02.010.150'], ['J01.937.285'], ['C09.218'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['H01.770.644.241.850'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['Z01.058.290.175.735'], ['I03.450.642.845'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Organ and tissue donation-related attitudes, education and practices of emergency department clinicians in Australia.
|
OBJECTIVE: The ED is emerging as a priority for efforts to improve rates of organ and tissue donation (OTD) in Australia, but little is known of ED clinicians' attitudes, education or practices in the area. We aimed to determine the attitudes and OTD-related educational background and practices of Australian ED clinicians.METHODS: This was a national cross-sectional survey of members of the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine (ACEM) and the College of Emergency Nursing Australasia (CENA); online questionnaire of 133 items, graded responses using Likert and ordinal multi-category scales, plus open-ended qualitative questions.RESULTS: Of 2969 ACEM members, 599 (20.2%) responded; of 1026 CENA members, 212 (20.7%) responded. Respondents were broadly representative of the membership, with male trainee specialists underrepresented. Most ED staff supported OTD, although many were not certain that facilitating OTD was their role, or that the ED was the right place to identify donors. Around a quarter of medical and nursing staff had received no education regarding OTD. Having received education was related to professional status, cultural background, place of work and years of experience, and was significantly associated with attitude towards OTD and whether staff participated in OTD-related tasks.CONCLUSIONS: More education on OTD is needed and requested by ED clinicians in Australia, particularly on OTD after cardiac death, management of a donor, brain death and obtaining consent. Postgraduate curricula should reflect this need for more OTD-related education in emergency medicine and nursing.
|
['Adult', 'Australia', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Education, Medical, Continuing', 'Emergency Medicine', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Female', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Medical Staff, Hospital', 'Middle Aged', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Tissue and Organ Procurement']
| 22,672,164
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.639.100', 'Z01.678.100.373'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['I02.358.212.350', 'I02.358.399.250'], ['H02.403.250'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.526.485.630.490', 'M01.526.485.740.422', 'N02.360.630.490', 'N02.360.740.422'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['N02.421.911']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Antidepressant-like effects of ecstasy in subjects with a predisposition to depression.
|
INTRODUCTION: Positive effects of ecstasy on mood and self-esteem due to increased synaptic serotonin levels may indicate a potential antidepressant-like action. This effect may be more prominent in subjects with a pre-existing mood disturbance who may use ecstasy more frequently as a 'self-medication'. This study compared depressive symptoms and the immediate effects of ecstasy on mood in subjects with (WP) and without (NP) a predisposition to depression.METHODS: Current ecstasy users were assessed using the profile of mood states (POMS) and beck depression inventory (BDI) when drug-free, and during social gathering, when 20 subjects voluntarily consumed ecstasy (ecstasy group) and 20 abstained from ecstasy (control group). Predisposition to depression was determined using the Brief Symptom Inventory. During social gathering, POMS and BDI were administered 60 min after ecstasy consumption, or at matched time for controls. 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) exposure was confirmed using saliva samples collected 60 min after pill ingestion.RESULTS: There was no difference in ecstasy use patterns between the groups. When drug-free, the WP subjects had greater mood disturbance and depressive symptoms than the NP group (POMS: NP 5.85±1.63, WP 14.5±2.81, p<0.05, BDI: NP 4.9±0.86, WP 11.2±1.65, p<0.01). During social gathering, WP subjects who consumed ecstasy reported a significant decrease in depressive symptoms (F(1,35)=5.47, p<0.05).CONCLUSIONS: A decrease in depressive symptoms was observed in subjects predisposed to depression. This antidepressant-like action of MDMA may contribute to its use, particularly among people with an existing or latent depressive disorder.
|
['Affect', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine', 'Serotonin Agents', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 22,704,044
|
[['F01.470.047'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['F03.600.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.092.471.683.152.670'], ['D27.505.519.625.850', 'D27.505.696.577.850'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Increasing longevity by decreasing sympathetic stress--early beta receptor blockade pharmacotherapy.
|
Consideration regarding human aging and sympathetic nervous system activity suggests that old age represents a hyperadrenergic state. With advancing age the sympathetically mediated stress on the body, specifically the cardiovascular system, may outweigh the benefits an intact sympathetic nervous system conveys for short-term survival. Beta blockers temper the effects of the sympathetic nervous system by slowing heart rate and decreasing blood pressure. Recently, beta blockers have been shown to improve outcome and survival following surgery and myocardial infarction, have beneficial effects in patients with heart failure, and may have an antiatherosclerotic effect. We propose that instituting beta receptor blockade pharmacotherapy at an early age will increase longevity by countering the adverse effects of sympathetically mediated stress.
|
['Adrenergic beta-Antagonists', 'Aging', 'Autonomic Nervous System Diseases', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Humans', 'Longevity', 'Stress, Physiological', 'Sympathetic Nervous System']
| 15,082,101
|
[['D27.505.519.625.050.200.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.200.200'], ['G07.345.124'], ['C10.177'], ['C14'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G07.345.124.519', 'G07.540'], ['G07.775'], ['A08.800.050.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Opposing effects of aspirin and anticoagulants on morbidity and mortality in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
|
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine the effect of antithrombotics on in-hospital mortality and morbidity in patients with peptic ulcer disease-related upper gastrointestinal bleeding (PUD-related UGIB).METHODS: The study cohort was retrospectively selected from a tertiary center database of patients with PUD-related UGIB, defined as bleeding due to gastric or duodenal ulcers, or erosive duodenitis, gastritis or esophagitis. Outcomes were compared among patient groups based on their antithrombotic medications before admission. Patients on no antithrombotics served as controls. The composite adverse outcomes, in-hospital mortality, rebleeding and/or need for surgery were measured. Severe bleeding and in-hospital complications were also recorded.RESULTS: Of 398 patients with PUD-related UGIB, 44.5% were on aspirin or anticoagulants only. The composite adverse outcome was most common in patients taking anticoagulants only (40.5%), intermediate in controls (23.1%) and least in those taking aspirin only (12.1%). On multivariate analysis, patients taking aspirin alone had a significantly lower risk of adverse outcome events (odds ratio [OR] 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.8) and a shorter length of hospital stay (regression coefficient = -3.4, 95% CI [-6.6, -0.6]). In contrast, taking anticoagulants was associated with a greater risk of adverse outcome events (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.0-5.3), severe bleeding (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.2-5.8) and in-hospital complications (OR 2.9, 95% CI 1.3-6.6).CONCLUSIONS: Patients with PUB-related UGIB while taking aspirin had fewer adverse outcomes compared with those taking anticoagulants. Aspirin may have beneficial effects in this population.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Anticoagulants', 'Aspirin', 'Female', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Humans', 'Lebanon', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Morbidity', 'Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage', 'Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors', 'Recurrence', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 24,593,260
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['D27.505.954.502.119'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.595.176'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.400', 'N01.224.935.698.400', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.400', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.500.450'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525', 'N01.224.935.597', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525'], ['C06.405.227.700', 'C23.550.414.788.700'], ['D27.505.954.502.780'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Comparison of artificial neural networks with logistic regression in prediction of in-hospital death after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.
|
OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to compare artificial neural networks (ANNs) with logistic regression for prediction of in-hospital death after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and to assess the impact of guiding initial ANN variable selection with univariate analysis.BACKGROUND: ANNs can detect complex patterns within data. Criticisms include the unpredictability of variable selection. They have not previously been applied to outcomes modeling for percutaneous coronary interventions.METHODS: A database of consecutive (n = 3019) percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty procedures from an academic tertiary referral center between July 1994 and July 1997 was used. An ANN was developed for 38 variables (unguided model) (n = 1554). A second model was developed with predictors from an univariate analysis (guided model). Both were compared with a logistic regression model developed from the same database. Model validation was performed on independent data (n = 1465). Model predictive accuracy was assessed by the area under receiver operating characteristic curves. Goodness of fit was assessed with the Hosmer-Lemeshow statistic.RESULTS: Sixty unguided and guided ANNs were developed. Predictive accuracy and model calibration for all models were similar for training data but were significantly better for logistic regression for independent validation data. Overestimation of event rate in higher risk patients accounted for the majority of discrepancy in model calibration for the ANNs. This difference was partially amended by guiding variable selection.CONCLUSION: ANNs were able to model in-hospital death after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty when guiding variable selection. However, performance was not better than traditional modeling techniques. Further investigations are needed to understand the impact of this methodology on outcomes analysis.
|
['Aged', 'Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary', 'Databases, Factual', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neural Networks, Computer', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prognosis', 'Risk Assessment']
| 10,966,555
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.148.050.060.100', 'E04.100.376.719.100', 'E04.100.814.529.124.060.100', 'E04.100.814.529.968.050', 'E04.502.382.124.060.100', 'E04.502.382.968.050', 'E04.928.220.520.100', 'E05.157.016.060.100'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G17.485', 'L01.224.050.375.605'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Comparison of family caregivers. Stroke survivors vs. person with Alzheimer's disease.
|
The purpose of this study was to compare family caregivers of person with dementia and caregivers of stroke survivors with similar levels of caregiving responsibilities. The design was descriptive and included characteristics of care recipients, caregivers, and care situations. Caregivers of individuals with dementia reported care recipients were more impaired with independent activities of daily living and memory and behavior problems. There were no differences in caregiver depression and fatigue. Even with the benefit of respite care, a substantial number of caregivers had depression scores above the level indicating possible clinical depression. Consultation by advanced practice psychiatric nurses for caregivers and care recipients may be beneficial in detecting depression and making recommendations for appropriate treatment.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Adaptation, Psychological', 'Alzheimer Disease', 'Caregivers', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Stroke', 'Stroke Rehabilitation', 'United States']
| 12,640,864
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['F01.058'], ['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['M01.085', 'M01.526.485.200', 'N02.360.200'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.477.500', 'E02.831.477.500', 'H02.403.680.600.750.500', 'N02.421.784.511.500'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Global negative regulation of Streptomyces coelicolor antibiotic synthesis mediated by an absA-encoded putative signal transduction system.
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Streptomycete antibiotic synthesis is coupled to morphological differentiation such that antibiotics are produced as a colony sporulates. Streptomyces coelicolor produces several structurally and genetically distinct antibiotics. The S. coelicolor absA locus was defined by four UV-induced mutations that globally blocked antibiotic biosynthesis without blocking morphological differentiation. We show that the absA locus encodes a putative eubacterial two-component sensor kinase-response regulator system. All four mutations lie within a single open reading frame, designated absA1, which is predicted to encode a sensor histidine kinase. A second gene downstream of absA1, absA2, is predicted to encode the cognate response regulator. In marked contrast to the antibiotic-deficient phenotype of the previously described absA mutants, the phenotype caused by disruption mutations in the absA locus is precocious hyperproduction of the antibiotics actinorhodin and undecylprodigiosin. Precocious hyperproduction of these antibiotics is correlated with premature expression of XylE activity in a transcriptional fusion to an actinorhodin biosynthetic gene. We propose that the absA locus encodes a signal transduction mechanism that negatively regulates synthesis of the multiple antibiotics produced by S. coelicolor.
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['Alleles', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Anthraquinones', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Base Sequence', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'Signal Transduction', 'Streptomyces']
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[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.117.159', 'D02.806.100', 'D04.615.117.159'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.183'], ['E05.393.220'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['B03.300.390.400.810.768', 'B03.510.024.997.775', 'B03.510.415.400.810.768', 'B03.510.460.410.810.768']]
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['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
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