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Anatomic reconstructive surgery for posterolateral instability of the knee.
|
PURPOSE: We describe an anatomic reconstructive surgical procedure that simultaneously reconstructs the fibular collateral ligament, popliteal tendon, and popliteofibular ligament using split Achilles allograft, and compare the clinical results of this technique with those of the posterolateral corner sling procedure for posterolateral instability of the knee.TYPE OF STUDY: Case series.METHODS: Forty-six patients were treated for posterolateral instability of the knee between 1998 and 2002. The posterolateral corner sling procedure was performed in 25 patients (group A) and anatomic reconstructive surgery in 21 patients (group B). The minimum follow-up was 12 months. In all cases, arthroscopic evaluation was performed. Clinical review included the Lysholm knee scores and varus laxity and tibial external rotation assessment.RESULTS: The mean Lysholm knee scores were 54.8 points in group A and 54.4 points in group B before surgery, and 86.9 and 93.6 points at the time of the latest follow-up, respectively (P < .05). Tibial external rotation of 5 degrees more than the contralateral uninjured knee was present in 12% of group A and in 5% of group B (P < .05). Varus laxity of 5 mm greater than the contralateral knee was observed in 28% of group A and in 14% of group B (P < .05).CONCLUSIONS: Anatomic reconstruction of the posterolateral corner resulted in less varus laxity and tibial external rotation than did the posterolateral corner sling procedure.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Type IV, case series, no or historical control group.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Joint Instability', 'Knee Joint', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Orthopedic Procedures', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 16,458,801
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.550.521'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.718', 'E04.555'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
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|
Strategic targeted exercise for preventing falls in elderly people.
|
OBJECTIVE: Randomized, controlled, blinded trial to evaluate the effectiveness of strategic targeted exercise for preventing falls in elderly people.METHODS: Elderly people were randomly allocated to either a control group that received conventional exercise, or a training group that received conventional exercise plus proprioception and cognitive exercises. Subjects were asked to exercise three times a week (40 min per session) for 8 weeks. In the pre- and post-training sessions, all participants were assessed using a static postural control test with eyes open and closed, the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and the joint position sense test of the lower limbs.RESULTS: After 8 weeks, there were statistically significant improvements in the training group (n = 50) compared with the control group (n = 50) for mediolateral sway distance with eyes open and eyes closed, anteroposterior sway distance with eyes open but not with eyes closed, BBS scores and joint position sense test for the left but not the right knee.CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that strategic targeted exercise could produce more beneficial effects on balance and proprioception function than conventional exercise alone, in elderly people.
|
['Accidental Falls', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Demography', 'Exercise', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Joints', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postural Balance']
| 23,569,036
|
[['N06.850.135.122'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['I01.240', 'N01.224', 'N06.850.505.400'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.583'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F02.830.816.541.752', 'G07.888.750.500', 'G11.427.690', 'G11.561.790.541.595']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Phase I clinical and pharmacokinetic study of LY 195448.
|
LY 195448 is a phenethanolamine that has shown anti-tumour activity in a range of murine tumour models, although its mechanism of action is unknown. Pre-clinical studies have indicated the absence of "standard" side effects such as myelosuppression and gastrointestinal toxicity. The present phase I trial was carried out in nine patients at doses ranging up to 133 mg/m2. The major toxicities up to that dose were mild, reversible hypotension, tachycardia and tremor. No haematological or biochemical toxicity was observed. Murine pharmacokinetics were assessed at a dose level that was effective in experimental tumours and compared with human pharmacokinetic parameters derived from this study. The results indicated the clinical possibility of reaching peak drug levels associated with experimental activity. However, no responses were seen at the doses used. This study was terminated prior to its completion due to an unexplained loss of activity against murine tumours since September 1987. No significant loss of the in vitro anti-mitotic activity originally reported by Boder et al. [3] was observed. Possible reasons for the apparent loss of in vivo activity have been intensively investigated, but no cause has been determined. Therefore, clinical trials with LY 195448 have been discontinued.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Benzamides', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Chemical Phenomena', 'Chemistry', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Drug Evaluation', 'Ethanolamines', 'Female', 'Half-Life', 'Humans', 'Hypotension', 'Male', 'Metabolic Clearance Rate', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms', 'Rectal Neoplasms', 'Tachycardia', 'Tremor']
| 2,752,504
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['D02.065.277', 'D02.241.223.100.100', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.085'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['G02'], ['H01.181'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['E05.290.625', 'E05.337.425'], ['D02.033.100.291', 'D02.033.375.291', 'D02.092.063.291'], ['G01.910.405'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.514'], ['E01.370.225.843', 'E05.200.843', 'G03.490', 'G07.690.595', 'G07.690.725.513'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.790', 'C06.301.371.411.307.790', 'C06.405.249.411.307.790', 'C06.405.469.491.307.790', 'C06.405.469.860.180.500'], ['C14.280.067.845', 'C14.280.123.875', 'C23.550.073.845'], ['C10.597.350.850', 'C23.888.592.350.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
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| 1
| 0
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Stroke severity predicts poststroke delirium and its association with dementia: Longitudinal observation from a low income setting.
|
OBJECTIVE: The effect of delirium on stroke outcome has not been quantified in sub-Saharan Africa. We investigated the prevalence of delirium occurring within one week of stroke in Nigerian survivors and its association with dementia and mortality at 3months.METHODS: Delirium was ascertained after repeated assessments within one week of stroke using the Confusion Assessment Method. Demographic and clinical characteristics, stroke severity, current and pre-morbid cognitive functioning were also assessed. Participants were then followed up for 3months using culturally-validated neuropsychological tools. Probable dementia was ascertained according to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS-AIREN) criteria. Associations were investigated using both binomial and multinomial logistic regression analyses and presented as odds ratios (O.R) and relative risk ratios (RRR).RESULTS: Of 101 consenting stroke survivors, 99 had two assessments for delirium within one week of the stroke. Delirium was present in 33.3% of stroke survivors (65.6% hypoactive, 21.9% hyperactive, and 12.1% mixed type). Having a severe stroke was associated with delirium (O.R=6.2, 95% C.I=1.1-13.8) after adjusting for age, gender, education and economic status, lifestyle factors, multimorbidities and laterality. At follow-up, those with severe stroke had a stronger association between delirium and dementia (RRR=4.3, 95% C.I=1.2-15.6) or death (RRR=3.7, 95% C.I=1.1-12.1).CONCLUSION: Delirium, in this sub-Saharan African sample, was already present in about one-third of survivors within one week of stroke. Survivors of severe stroke are at higher risk of delirium and its complications, and could be important target for delirium preventive interventions.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Delirium', 'Dementia', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Poverty', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Risk Factors', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Stroke']
| 28,320,171
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.597.606.337.500', 'C23.888.592.604.339.500', 'F01.700.250.500', 'F03.615.350'], ['C10.228.140.380', 'F03.615.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.513'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['I01.880.735.634', 'I01.880.853.996.535', 'N01.824.600'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Influence of Familial Renal Glycosuria Due to Mutations in the SLC5A2 Gene on Changes in Glucose Tolerance over Time.
|
Familial renal glycosuria is an inherited disorder resulting in glucose excretion in the urine despite normal blood glucose concentrations. It is most commonly due to mutations in the SLC5A2 gene coding for the glucose transporter SGLT2 in the proximal tubule. Several drugs have been introduced as means to lower glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes targeting SGLT2 resulting in renal glycosuria, but no studies have addressed the potential effects of decreased renal glucose reabsorption and chronic glycosuria on the prevention of glucose intolerance. Here we present data on a large pedigree with renal glycosuria due to two mutations (c.300-303+2del and p.A343V) in the SLC5A2 gene. The mutations, which in vitro affected glucose transport in a cell line model, and the ensuing glycosuria were not associated with better glycemic control during a follow-up period of more than 10 years. One individual, who was compound heterozygous for mutations in the SLC5A2 gene suffered from severe urogenital candida infections and postprandial hypoglycemia. In conclusion, in this family with familial glycosuria we did not find any evidence that chronic loss of glucose in the urine would protect from deterioration of the glucose tolerance over time.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Candidiasis', 'DNA, Neoplasm', 'Female', 'Gene Deletion', 'Genotype', 'Glucose', 'Glycosuria, Renal', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Heterozygote', 'Humans', 'Islets of Langerhans', 'Middle Aged', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation, Missense', 'Pedigree', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2', 'Stomach Neoplasms']
| 26,735,923
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['C01.150.703.160'], ['D13.444.308.425'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['G05.380'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['C12.777.419.815.532', 'C12.777.934.363.450', 'C13.351.968.419.815.532', 'C13.351.968.934.363.450', 'C16.320.831.532', 'C18.452.394.937.450'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['G05.380.383'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.734.414', 'A06.300.414'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590.650'], ['E05.393.673'], ['E05.393.751'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.625.437.750', 'D12.776.157.530.500.750.750', 'D12.776.157.530.937.700', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625.562.750', 'D12.776.543.585.500.750.750', 'D12.776.543.585.937.825'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Edvard Munch: disease and genius of the great Norwegian artist].
|
Edvard Munch is one the most transcendental artists of all times. His work is innovative in terms of reflecting the grief, sadness, loneliness and the impact of death in human beings as no one did it before. Behind his work it is possible to find many clues given by Munch himself of the reason of his creativity: a childhood surrounded by death and sorrow, and the development of an affective disorder that led him to alcoholism and many hospitalizations due to psychotic episodes. In this review, we analyze Munch's life and his disease that undoubtedly contributed to his great artistic legacy.
|
['Famous Persons', 'History, 19th Century', 'History, 20th Century', 'Humans', 'Medicine in the Arts', 'Norway', 'Paintings']
| 24,121,581
|
[['K01.517.211.506', 'M01.228'], ['K01.400.504.937'], ['K01.400.504.968'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['K01.093.530'], ['Z01.542.816.374'], ['K01.093.646']]
|
['Humanities [K]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Use of sibutramine in overweight adult hispanic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a 12-month, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
|
BACKGROUND: The management of type 2 diabetes mellitus is complicated by the presence of risk factors related to overweight and obesity, particularly visceral adiposity. However, weight loss and weight maintenance are difficult for patients with diabetes, and the benefits of dietary modifications are typically modest. Sibutramine is a serotonin- and norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitor that reduces food intake by inducing early satiety and attenuates the decrease in basal energy expenditure associated with weight loss. Previous trials of sibutramine in overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes have shown significant weight loss accompanied by better glycemic control.OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to assess the effect on body weight and glycemic control of sibutramine in combination with glibenclamide in obese Hispanic patients with type 2 diabetes.METHODS: This was a 12-month, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial conducted at the Endocrinology Service, General Hospital of Mexico, Mexico City. Included were overweight or obese (body mass index [BMI] >27 kg/M2) patients with type 2 diabetes between the ages of 24 and 65 years who had been receiving glibenclamide monotherapy for at least 2 weeks and whose glucose concentrations were stable. Patients were randomized to receive sibutramine 10 mg or placebo once daily. The primary efficacy measures were change in body weight, waist circumference, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Anthropometrics and fasting glucose concentrations were measured monthly. HbA1c was determined at baseline and at 6 and 12 months. Laboratory parameters were measured at baseline and at the end of the study.RESULTS: Forty-four patients were randomized to receive sibutramine (28 women, 16 men; mean [SD] age, 47.6 [9.0] years), and 42 were randomized to receive placebo (31 women, 11 men; mean age, 45.8 [8.1] years). Twenty-four patients in the sibutramine group and 23 in the placebo group completed the trial. In the sibutramine group, body weight was reduced from a mean (SD) of 73.9 (10.3) kg at baseline to 69.8 (10.6) kg at month 12; BMI decreased from 29.9 (2.6) to 28.2 (2.9) kg/M2; waist circumference was reduced from 94.9 (8.4) to 90.8 (8.4) cm; the plasma fasting glucose concentration decreased from 140.4 (29.4) to 114.2 (32.0) mg/dL; and the HbA1c value was reduced from 8.9% (1.2) to 8.3% (1.2) (all, P < 0.001). In the placebo group, the corresponding changes were from 74.5 (10.3) kg at baseline to 73.1 (11.2) kg at month 12; from 30.1 (2.5) to 29.5 (2.9) kg/M2; from 94.4 (7.3) to 93.1 (8.3) cm (P < 0.05); from 140.7 (25.2) to 123.9 (38.3) mg/dL (P < 0.05); and from 9.0% (1.2) to 9.1% (1.3). In the sibutramine group, weight loss continued for up to 12 months.CONCLUSION: In this population of obese Hispanic patients with type 2 diabetes, sibutramine combined with glibenclamide therapy achieved weight loss for up to 12 months and was associated with better glycemic control than placebo.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Appetite Depressants', 'Blood Glucose', 'Cyclobutanes', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Glyburide', 'Humans', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Male', 'Obesity', 'Time Factors', 'Weight Loss']
| 15,531,005
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.203.155'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.201'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['D02.065.950.828.575', 'D02.886.590.795.575'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.422'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['G01.910.857'], ['C23.888.144.243.963', 'G07.345.249.314.120.200.963']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Genetic deletion of monoacylglycerol lipase alters endocannabinoid-mediated retrograde synaptic depression in the cerebellum.
|
The endocannabinoid (eCB) 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) is hydrolysed primarily by monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL). Here, we investigated whether eCB-mediated retrograde synaptic depression in cerebellar slices was altered in MAGL knockout (MAGL(-/-)) mice. Depolarization-induced suppression of excitation (DSE) and metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1)-mediated synaptic depression are mediated by 2-AG-induced activation of CB(1) receptors. We show that genetic deletion of MAGL prolonged DSE at parallel fibre (PF) or climbing fibre (CF) to Purkinje cell (PC) synapses. Likewise, mGluR1-mediated synaptic depression, induced either by high-frequency stimulation of PF or mGluR1 agonist DHPG, was prolonged in MAGL(-/-) mice. About 15% of 2-AG in the brain is hydrolysed by serine hydrolase á-â-hydrolase domain 6 and 12 (ABHD6 and ABHD12). However, the selective ABHD6 inhibitor WWL123 had no significant effect on cerebellar DSE in MAGL(+/+) and (-/-) mice. The CB(1) receptor antagonist SR141716 significantly increased the amplitude of basal excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) in MAGL(-/-) mice but not in MAGL(+/+) mice. Conversely, the CB(1) agonist WIN55212 induced less depression of basal EPSCs in MAGL(-/-) mice than in MAGL(+/+) mice. These results provide genetic evidence that inactivation of 2-AG by MAGL determines the time course of eCB-mediated retrograde synaptic depression and that genetic deletion of MAGL causes tonic activation and consequential desensitization of CB(1) receptors.
|
['Animals', 'Arachidonic Acids', 'Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators', 'Cerebellum', 'Endocannabinoids', 'Female', 'Gene Deletion', 'Glycerides', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Monoacylglycerol Lipases', 'Patch-Clamp Techniques', 'Purkinje Cells', 'Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1', 'Synaptic Transmission']
| 21,911,610
|
[['B01.050'], ['D10.251.355.255.100', 'D10.251.355.310.166'], ['D27.505.519.625.085', 'D27.505.696.399.472.188'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.428.200'], ['D10.251.265'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['D10.351'], ['E05.481'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.500'], ['E05.200.500.905', 'E05.242.800'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.428.200.212.600', 'A08.675.784', 'A11.671.784'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.125.100'], ['G02.111.820.850', 'G04.835.850', 'G07.265.880', 'G11.561.830']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Host specificity of and cross-immunity between two strains of Heligmosomoides polygyrus.
|
The infectivity of wild and laboratory strains of Heligmosomoides polygyrus (Nematospiroides dubius) in laboratory mice and in three species of wild British rodent was compared. Wild strains, of the subspecies H. p. polygyrus, were isolated from wild caught Apodemus sylvaticus. Only very low-level infections of the wild strains became established in laboratory mice. Similar worm burdens of the laboratory strain became established in laboratory mice and A. sylvaticus, although infections in A. sylvaticus were more short lived. Cortisone treatment of hosts increased the establishment and survival of the heterologous worm strain to that of the homologous strain. In contrast, neither strain of parasite established in Clethrionomys glareolus or Microtus agrestis, and cortisone treatment of C. glareolus did not increase establishment. Infection of laboratory mice with the wild-strain parasite induced significant immunity to a challenge infection with the laboratory strain.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Arvicolinae', 'Cross Reactions', 'Feces', 'Female', 'Fertility', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Muridae', 'Nematode Infections', 'Nematospiroides dubius', 'Parasite Egg Count', 'Rodent Diseases']
| 1,866,189
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075'], ['G12.122.281'], ['A12.459'], ['G08.686.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635'], ['C01.610.335.508'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.400.968.400.550.275'], ['E01.370.225.932.600', 'E05.200.932.600'], ['C22.795']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Immunobiological effects of a decimeter-range electromagnetic field in its exposure over the area of the thyroid gland].
|
The immunological effect caused by the influence of the local action of the ultrahigh frequency (UHF) electromagnetic field on the projection zone of the thyroid gland was studied. The action of UHF waves shown to be capable of producing both immunostimulating and immunosuppressing effects; their manifestation depended on the period of immunogenesis, affected by the action of UHF waves. The synthesis of nonspecific immunoglobulins showed greater resistance to the suppressive action of UHF waves than the synthesis of specific immunoglobulins, i.e. antibodies. The activation of the thyroid gland under the influence of UHF waves occurred before the immunostimulating effect was observed.
|
['Animals', 'Antibody-Producing Cells', 'Antigen-Antibody Reactions', 'Electromagnetic Fields', 'Electromagnetic Phenomena', 'Hemagglutinins', 'Immunization', 'Immunoglobulins', 'Rabbits', 'Rosette Formation', 'Thyroid Gland', 'Time Factors']
| 6,683,454
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.063', 'A15.382.032'], ['G12.122'], ['G01.358.500.260', 'G01.358.750.500'], ['G01.358.500'], ['D27.505.696.477.136.377'], ['E02.095.465.425.400', 'E05.478.550', 'N02.421.726.758.310', 'N06.850.780.200.425', 'N06.850.780.680.310'], ['D12.776.124.486.485', 'D12.776.124.790.651', 'D12.776.377.715.548'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['E01.370.225.812.706', 'E05.200.812.706', 'E05.478.594.730'], ['A06.300.900'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Chicken interleukin-6. cDNA structure and biological properties.
|
Suppression subtractive hybridization technology was used to identify differentially expressed genes in spleens of chickens that had been treated with the synthetic immune modifier S-28463. One induced chicken gene encoded a protein with about 35% sequence identity to human interleukin-6 (IL-6). It consists of 241 amino acids including a putative N-terminal signal peptide of 47 residues. Bacterially expressed chicken IL-6 (ChIL-6) carrying a histidine tag in place of the signal peptide was biologically active: it induced proliferation of the IL-6-dependent murine hybridoma cell line 7TD1. The concentration of ChIL-6 required for half-maximal proliferative response was approximately 60 pg.mL-1. When injected intravenously into adult chickens, purified recombinant ChIL-6 induced an increase in serum corticosterone levels. Supernatants of chicken LMH and monkey COS-7 cells transiently transfected with a ChIL-6 expression construct induced proliferation of 7TD1 cells, demonstrating that recombinant ChIL-6 from eukaryotic cells is also active.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Aminoquinolines', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Blotting, Northern', 'COS Cells', 'Cell Division', 'Chickens', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Escherichia coli', 'Gene Library', 'Histidine', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-6', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'Poly A', 'Protein Sorting Signals', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Spleen', 'Time Factors', 'Transfection', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 11,488,913
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D03.633.100.810.050'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.196.401.095', 'E05.301.300.074', 'E05.601.100'], ['A11.251.210.172.500', 'A11.329.228.220'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.360.325'], ['D12.125.072.329', 'D12.125.142.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611'], ['D13.695.578.550.500'], ['D12.644.770', 'G02.111.570.060.670'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.828'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hageman factor deficiency in ataxia telangiectasia.
|
Ataxia-telangiectasia is clinically characterized by the presence of cerebellar ataxia, choreoathetosis, and oculocutaneous telangiectasia. Humorocellular immune deficiency may be associated with the disease. So far, no coagulation abnormalities have been reported in patients with ataxia-telangiectasia. Presence of Hageman factor deficiency in our patient could merely be a coincidental occurrence of two rare independent disease states. Since this coagulation abnormality in Hageman factor deficiency is rather subtle and not usually associated with clinically significant bleeding, this defect can be easily overlooked.
|
['Adult', 'Ataxia Telangiectasia', 'Blood Coagulation Disorders', 'Factor XII', 'Female', 'Humans']
| 1,015,517
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C10.228.140.252.190.530.060', 'C10.562.100', 'C10.597.350.090.500.530.060', 'C14.907.823.213', 'C16.320.080', 'C16.320.798.250', 'C18.452.284.060', 'C20.673.795.250'], ['C15.378.100'], ['D08.622.500', 'D12.776.124.125.450', 'D12.776.811.243.500', 'D23.119.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Use of enhancers in the HPTLC fluorescence analysis of thiols.
|
Several thiols of biological and pharmacological interest, including glutathione, coenzyme A, acetylcysteine and captopril were derivatized with the fluorogenic reagents SBD-F and ABD-F and analysed by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC)-fluorodensitometry on silica gel 60 plates, using isopropyl ether-methanol-water-acetic acid (9:8:2:1, v/v/v/v) as the developing solvent. The luminescence was considerably increased when several types of enhancers were applied as dipping reagents: Triton X-100, liquid paraffin and cyclodextrins; thus the detectability of the thiol fluorophores was improved. The influence of enhancer concentration, method of application, sample concentration, drying conditions and measuring time after plate dipping were investigated. The greatest enhancement was achieved using a 40% (v/v) solution of Triton X-100 in toluene as a dipping reagent for the determination of SBD-acetylcysteine; more than a 10-fold increase of the fluorescence signal was obtained, allowing low picogram detection limits.
|
['Chromatography, Thin Layer', 'Cyclodextrins', 'Indicators and Reagents', 'Octoxynol', 'Paraffin', 'Polyethylene Glycols', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Sulfhydryl Compounds', 'Viscosity']
| 2,490,556
|
[['E05.196.181.400.537'], ['D04.345.103', 'D09.301.915.400.375', 'D09.698.365.855.400.375'], ['D27.720.470.410'], ['D02.033.455.250.700.660', 'D05.750.741.610', 'D25.720.741.610', 'J01.637.051.720.741.610'], ['D02.455.612'], ['D02.033.455.250.700', 'D05.750.741', 'D25.720.741', 'J01.637.051.720.741'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['D02.886.489'], ['G02.930']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Influence of the energetic state of rat liver mitochondria on the sensitivity of the phosphate carrier towards SH reagents.
|
Phosphate transport into rat liver mitochondria was measured by the swelling technique in 0.1 M ammonium phosphate. Energized or non-energized mitochondria were preincubated with different thiol reagents and evidence is given that with a slow-reacting thiol reagent, ethacrynate, the inactivation of the phosphate carrier is obtained when mitochondria are energized, while poor or no inactivation occurs when mitochondria are non-energized or preincubated with Pi. Moreover, the inactivation depends on the presence of Mg2+ and on the nature of the substrate. Some comparative essays were done using N-ethylmaleimide as a thiol reagent, but no energy-linked variation of N-ethylmaleimide inhibition on phosphate transport was obtained. Taking into account the fact that both thiol-reagents incorporation into rat liver mitochondria is sitmulated by the presence of substrate, the different behaviour of these two thiol-reagents towards Pi transport is discussed on the basis of their different reactivity with SH groups.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Transport, Active', 'Electron Transport', 'Energy Metabolism', 'Ethacrynic Acid', 'Ethylmaleimide', 'Hydroxybutyrates', 'Magnesium', 'Mitochondria, Liver', 'Mitochondrial Swelling', 'Phosphates', 'Rats', 'Succinates', 'Uncoupling Agents']
| 911,819
|
[['B01.050'], ['G03.143.310'], ['G02.111.248', 'G03.295.531.403', 'G03.493.350'], ['G03.295'], ['D02.241.081.018.386.682.300', 'D02.241.511.316.682.200'], ['D02.241.081.337.502.524.418', 'D02.478.440.418', 'D03.383.129.578.399.418'], ['D02.241.081.114.937', 'D02.241.511.429', 'D10.251.400.143.781'], ['D01.268.552.437', 'D01.268.557.500', 'D01.552.547.500'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564.461', 'A11.284.835.626.461'], ['G04.590'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374', 'D01.248.497.158.730', 'D01.695.625.675.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D02.241.081.337.759'], ['D27.505.519.389.936']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Identification of a 1.2 Kb cDNA fragment from a region on 9p21 commonly deleted in multiple tumor types.
|
Chromosome band 9p21 is a frequent target of homozygous deletion in many tumor types. Putative tumor suppressor genes, CDKN2A (p16), p14(ARF) and CDKN2B (p15), were localized to 9p21. However, there have been reports that suggest that there may be other genes targeted for inactivation in the region. We have developed a method to search for transcribed sequences within large genomic regions. We tested our approach in a 100-kilobase region on 9p21, which is 40 kilobases telomeric to CDKN2A. The method, termed expressed sequence selection (ESS), resulted in the isolation of genomic fragments known to be from 9q21 that are homologous to transcribed sequences. One fragment was used to obtain a 1.2 kilobase cDNA. The sequence of the 5' half of the cDNA was almost identical to exons 3-5 of the MTAP gene, which maps to chromosome band 9p21. The 3' portion of the cDNA had sequence homology to the ALA gene, which maps to chromosome arm 9q. Using Northern blot analysis, the 1.2 Kb cDNA identified several widely expressed transcripts ranging from 1 Kb to 8.5 Kb and displayed a complex pattern of alternative splicing in which certain exons of the 1.2 Kb cDNA are excluded from some of the splice products. Using cancer tissue Northern blots, we could show that all of the transcripts are absent from a leukemia cell line and a lung cancer cell line (K562, A549) with homozygous, genomic deletions within chromosome band 9p21. In addition, the 7 Kb transcript is also absent from two additional tumor cell lines (Molt4, a leukemia derived cell line, and in G361, a melanoma derived cell line) with homozygous deletions. Further investigation will determine whether the difference in the expression pattern between the 7 Kb transcript compared with the other sized transcripts could be due to specific targeting for alteration in certain tumor types.
|
["3' Untranslated Regions", "5' Untranslated Regions", 'Alternative Splicing', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Blotting, Northern', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Exons', 'Genes, Tumor Suppressor', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Neoplasms', 'Open Reading Frames', 'Physical Chromosome Mapping', 'Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylase', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Sequence Deletion', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 11,566,337
|
[['D13.444.735.544.875.880', 'D13.444.735.790.878.880', 'G05.360.340.024.220.880.880', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.910.880'], ['D13.444.735.544.875.885', 'D13.444.735.790.878.885', 'G05.360.340.024.220.880.885', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.910.885'], ['G02.111.760.700.100', 'G03.839.700.100', 'G05.308.700.700.100'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.196.401.095', 'E05.301.300.074', 'E05.601.100'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.325.345', 'G05.360.162.520.300.325.345'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.249', 'G05.360.340.024.340.415.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['C04'], ['G05.360.335.760.640', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.650'], ['E05.393.183.620'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.800'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['G05.365.590.762', 'G05.558.800'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Lung cancer in HIV positive patients: the GICAT experience.
|
PURPOSE: AIDS incidence and mortality have decreased since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) into clinical practice. HIV-related malignancies, namely Kaposi's sarcoma and Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, have decreased, whereas non-AIDS defining tumors have been increasing. Our aim was to study the impact of HAART on natural history of lung cancer in HIV-positive patients, comparing patients with HIV-lung cancer treated in the pre-HAART era versus the HAART era.PATIENTS AND METHODS: We collected 68 patients with HIV-lung cancer diagnosed from 1986 to 2003. Pre-HAART era included 34 patients who did not receive HAART, whereas the HAART era included 34 patients diagnosed after January 1997 who received HAART.RESULTS: At diagnosis Performance Status (PS) was significantly different, patients with PS ? 2 were 44% in the pre-HAART era, versus 29% in the post-HAART era, p = 0.02. The 79.4% of patients in the post-HAART era received chemotherapy alone or with radiotherapy versus 47% in the pre-HAART era, p = 0.04. Cancer was the leading cause of death for both groups, with 29 (85.3%) and 21 (61.8%) patients in the pre- and post-HAART settings, respectively. The median overall survival (OS) was 3.8 months for the pre-HAART population vs. 7 months for the post-HAART patients, p = 0.01.CONCLUSIONS: HIV-lung cancer patients have a longer overall survival in the post-HAART era versus the pre-HAART era, due to a not detrimental effect of chemotherapy and positive effect of HAART. Lung cancer is the leading cause of death, showing that treatment of the cancer is the most important target now to improve their outcome.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Anti-HIV Agents', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active', 'Cause of Death', 'Chemoradiotherapy', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'HIV Long-Term Survivors', 'Health Care Surveys', 'Humans', 'Italy', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Karnofsky Performance Status', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pneumonectomy', 'Risk Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 24,610,616
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.122.388.077.088'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['E02.319.310.075'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.250', 'N01.224.935.698.100', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.250', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.250'], ['E02.186.079', 'E02.319.164', 'E02.815.160'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['M01.860.400'], ['E05.318.308.980.344', 'N03.349.380.210', 'N05.425.210', 'N05.715.360.300.800.344', 'N06.850.520.308.980.344'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500.500'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.620', 'E04.928.600.600'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Management of primary teeth].
|
Primary teeth need as careful attention as the permanent dentition. But the anatomy and small size of the deciduous teeth as well as the child's attitude towards the dentist and its acceptance of dental treatment constitute special problems. Patient acceptance need not be a problem, if the child is properly motivated for treatment.
|
['Child', 'Dental Care', 'Dental Cavity Preparation', 'Dental Restoration, Permanent', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care', 'Tooth, Deciduous']
| 2,638,076
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['E06.170', 'N02.421.240.190'], ['E06.931.325'], ['E06.323.428', 'E06.780.346.737', 'E07.695.190.190'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.100.150.750.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500'], ['A14.549.167.860.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Helicobacter pylori HopQ outer membrane protein attenuates bacterial adherence to gastric epithelial cells.
|
Helicobacter pylori genomes contain about 30 hop genes that encode outer membrane proteins. Helicobacter pylori hopQ alleles exhibit a high level of genetic diversity, and two families of hopQ alleles have been described. Type I hopQ alleles are found more commonly in cag-positive H. pylori strains from patients with peptic ulcer disease than in cag-negative strains from patients without ulcer disease. In this study, we mutated hopQ in four H. pylori strains that each contained a type I hopQ allele, and then analyzed interactions of the wild-type and hopQ mutant strains with AGS cells. In comparison with the wild-type strains, two of the hopQ mutant strains exhibited increased adherence to AGS cells and two hopQ mutants did not exhibit any detectable differences in adherence. Higher levels of tyrosine-phosphorylated CagA were detected when AGS cells were cocultured with a hyperadherent hopQ mutant strain than when cocultured with the corresponding wild-type strain. These data indicate that in some strains of H. pylori, the HopQ protein can attenuate bacterial adherence to gastric epithelial cells.
|
['Antigens, Bacterial', 'Bacterial Adhesion', 'Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Gastric Mucosa', 'Helicobacter pylori', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-18', 'Mutation', 'Plasmids', 'Species Specificity']
| 19,065,710
|
[['D23.050.161'], ['G06.099.050'], ['D12.776.097.120', 'D12.776.543.100'], ['D12.776.097'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['A11.436'], ['A03.556.875.875.440', 'A10.615.550.291'], ['B03.440.500.550', 'B03.660.150.235.500.250.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.518', 'D12.776.467.374.465.518', 'D23.529.374.465.518'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.360.600'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
MiR-203 regulates keloid fibroblast proliferation, invasion, and extracellular matrix expression by targeting EGR1 and FGF2.
|
Keloid is a fibrous benign tumor of the skin caused by increased fibroblast proliferation and overproduction of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the dermis. Several miRNAs exhibit critical roles in regulating keloid development. This is study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of miR-203 in keloid fibroblasts. The miR-203 expression was detected by qRT-PCR; The cell viability was measured by MTT assay; The cell proliferation was measured by BrdU assay; The cell invasion was measured by Transwell assay; The protein expression was detected by Western blot; The target relationship between miR-203 and mRNA was measured by dual-luciferase assay. We found that miR-203 was significantly downregulated in both keloid tissues and keloid fibroblasts from keloid patients. MiR-203 overexpression in vitro led to a significant decrease of proliferation, invasion, and ECM production in keloid fibroblasts, whereas miR-203 inhibition induced the opposite results. A dual-luciferase reporter assay identified early growth response 1 (EGR1) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) as targets of miR-203. EGR1 and FGF2 were overexpressed in keloid fibroblasts and negatively regulated by miR-203. Furthermore, overexpression of EGR1 and FGF2 partially attenuated the suppressive effect of miR-203 on the proliferation, invasion, and ECM production of keloid fibroblasts. In conclusion, we demonstrated for the first time that miR-203 decreased the proliferation, invasion, and ECM production of keloid fibroblasts by repressing EGR1 and FGF2 expression, suggesting a potential role of miR-203 in preventing and treating keloids.
|
["3' Untranslated Regions", 'Adult', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Early Growth Response Protein 1', 'Extracellular Matrix Proteins', 'Female', 'Fibroblast Growth Factor 2', 'Fibroblasts', 'Humans', 'Keloid', 'Male', 'MicroRNAs', 'Middle Aged']
| 30,372,829
|
[['D13.444.735.544.875.880', 'D13.444.735.790.878.880', 'G05.360.340.024.220.880.880', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.910.880'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.776.260.158.500', 'D12.776.460.525.500', 'D12.776.930.213.500'], ['D12.776.860.300'], ['D12.644.276.624.120', 'D12.776.467.624.120', 'D23.529.624.120'], ['A11.329.228'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A10.165.450.300.425', 'C17.300.200.425', 'C23.550.355.274.510'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Enlarged vestibular aqueduct in a ten-year-old girl].
|
Enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) is a malformation in the inner ear and occurs in approximately 1-12% of the hearing-impaired individuals. A ten-year-old girl was seen at the emergency room (ER) because of sudden hearing loss on the right ear. The patient was known with sudden deafness on the left ear. In the ER she appeared completely deaf. A head CT-scan showed EVA, and she was treated with cochlear implant. This case report illustrates the importance of performing MR- or CT-scan, especially when diagnosing children with sudden hearing loss after a head injury.
|
['Audiometry', 'Child', 'Cochlear Implantation', 'Female', 'Hearing Loss, Sensorineural', 'Humans', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Vestibular Aqueduct']
| 29,084,617
|
[['E01.370.382.375.060'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E04.580.450.220', 'E04.650.220'], ['C09.218.458.341.887', 'C10.597.751.418.341.887', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.887'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['A09.246.300.909.957']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Microvirga tunisiensis sp. nov., a root nodule symbiotic bacterium isolated from Lupinus micranthus and L. luteus grown in Northern Tunisia.
|
Three bacterial strains, LmiM8T, LmiE10 and LluTb3, isolated from nitrogen-fixing nodules of Lupinus micranthus (Lmi strains) and L. luteus (Llu strain) growing in Northern Tunisia were analysed using genetic, phenotypic and symbiotic approaches. Phylogenetic analyses based on rrs and concatenated gyrB and dnaK genes suggested that these Lupinus strains constitute a new Microvirga species with identities ranging from 95 to 83% to its closest relatives Microvirga makkahensis, M. vignae, M. zambiensis, M. ossetica, and M. lotononidis. The genome sequences of strains LmiM8T and LmiE10 exhibited pairwise Average Nucleotide Identities (ANIb) above 99.5%, significantly distant (73-89% pairwise ANIb) from other Microvirga species sequenced (M. zambiensis and M. ossetica). A phylogenetic analysis based on the symbiosis-related gene nodA placed the sequences of the new species in a divergent clade close to Mesorhizobium, Microvirga and Bradyrhizobium strains, suggesting that the M. tunisiensis strains represent a new symbiovar different from the Bradyrhizobium symbiovars defined to date. In contrast, the phylogeny derived from another symbiosis-related gene, nifH, reproduced the housekeeping genes phylogenies. The study of morphological, phenotypical and physiological features, including cellular fatty acid composition of the novel isolates demonstrated their unique profile regarding close reference Microvirga strains. Strains LmiM8T, LmiE10 and LluTb3 were able to nodulate several Lupinus spp. Based on genetic, genomic and phenotypic data presented in this study, these strains should be grouped within a new species for which the name Microvirga tunisiensis sp. nov. is proposed (type strain LmiM8T=CECT 9163T, LMG 29689T).
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Fatty Acids', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Genes, Essential', 'Lupinus', 'Methylobacteriaceae', 'Phenotype', 'Phylogeny', 'Root Nodules, Plant', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Species Specificity', 'Symbiosis', 'Tunisia']
| 31,591,000
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D10.251'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.270'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.571'], ['B03.440.400.425.487', 'B03.660.050.500'], ['G05.695'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['A18.400.875'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['G16.824'], ['G06.550.800', 'G16.840'], ['Z01.058.266.887']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
[Effect of Tongguan capsule on post-intervention patients of coronary heart disease with qi-deficiency and blood stasis syndrome].
|
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of Tongguan Capsule (TGC), a Chinese herbal preparation for supplementing qi and activating blood circulation, in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with qi-deficiency and blood stasis syndrome.METHODS: One hundred patients after successful PCI operation were assigned to two groups, 50 in each group. Western routine therapy with anti-thrombosis and anti-coagulant agents were applied in all patients before, during and after operation, while to the patients in the treated group, TGC was given additionally. The therapeutic course for both groups was one month. The efficacy was evaluated by observing the effect on angina pectoris, main TCM syndromes and scores of qi-deficiency syndrome and blood stasis syndrome at 3 time points (the day before, 3 days and 30 days after operation).RESULTS: The total effective rate in relieving angina pectoris was 96.0% (48/50) in the treated group and 92.0% (46/50) in the control group, showing insignificant difference between them (P > 0.05). The score of qi-deficiency in both groups raised 3 days after PCI as compared with that before PCI, but showed no statistical significance (P > 0.05); 30 days after PCI, it increased in the control group, as compared with that before PCI (P < 0.05). The score of blood stasis syndrome significantly lowered at the 3rd and the 30th day after PCI in both groups as compared with before PCI, showing statistical significance (P < 0.05); while in comparing the value at the 3rd day with that at the 30th day, the difference showed significance in the treated group but not in the control group (P < 0.05); and comparison between the two groups at the 30th day showed it was much lower in the treated group (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: TGC could significantly improve the clinical symptoms of qi-deficiency and blood stasis syndrome in patients after PCI.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary', 'Capsules', 'Coronary Disease', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Drugs, Chinese Herbal', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Medicine, Chinese Traditional', 'Middle Aged', 'Phytotherapy', 'Qi', 'Stents', 'Syndrome', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Yang Deficiency']
| 18,418,966
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.148.050.060.100', 'E04.100.376.719.100', 'E04.100.814.529.124.060.100', 'E04.100.814.529.968.050', 'E04.502.382.124.060.100', 'E04.502.382.968.050', 'E04.928.220.520.100', 'E05.157.016.060.100'], ['D26.255.150'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['E01.171'], ['D20.215.784.500.350', 'D26.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.190.488.585.520', 'I01.076.201.450.654.558.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.190.755'], ['I01.076.201.450.654.558.520.300', 'K01.752.730'], ['E07.695.750'], ['C23.550.288.500'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C23.550.945']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Impact of potential changes to the current bovine spongiform encephalopathy surveillance programs for slaughter cattle and fallen stock in Japan.
|
Cattle slaughtered in Japan for human consumption, regardless of their age, have been tested for bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) since October 2001. Beginning in April 2004, all fallen stock from 24 months of age also have been tested. We evaluated the impact of potential changes to the current BSE surveillance programs for both slaughter cattle and fallen stock using a simple stochastic model. We calculated the probability that a BSE-infected dairy cow, Wagyu beef animal, Wagyu-Holstein cross steer or heifer, or Holstein steer slaughtered for human consumption or arising as fallen stock would be tested and detected. Four surveillance strategies were explored for cattle slaughtered for human consumption, with the minimum age at testing set at 0, 21, 31, or 41 months. Three surveillance strategies were explored for fallen stock, with the minimum age at testing set at 24, 31, or 41 months. Increasing the minimum age of testing from 0 to 21 months for both dairy cattle and Wagyu beef cattle had very little impact on the probability that a BSE-infected animal slaughtered for human consumption would be detected. Although increasing the minimum age at testing from 21 to 31 or 41 months would lead to fewer slaughtered animals being tested, the impact on the probability of detecting infected animals would be insignificant. The probability of infected Wagyu-Holstein crosses and Holstein steers being detected at slaughter or as fallen stock would be very low under all surveillance strategies.
|
['Abattoirs', 'Age Factors', 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Consumer Product Safety', 'Encephalopathy, Bovine Spongiform', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Japan', 'Male', 'Mass Screening', 'Probability', 'Sentinel Surveillance', 'Stochastic Processes']
| 19,681,270
|
[['J01.576.423.200.700.100', 'J03.540.020'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['N06.850.210'], ['C01.207.800.260', 'C10.228.228.800.260', 'C10.574.843.300', 'C22.196.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700.650', 'E05.318.650', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625.650', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700.650', 'N06.850.520.699', 'N06.850.780.675.650'], ['E05.318.740.996', 'G17.830', 'N05.715.360.750.770', 'N06.850.520.830.996']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
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Association of meat and dairy consumption with normal weight metabolic obesity in men: the Qazvin Metabolic Diseases Study.
|
BACKGROUND: Insulin resistance (IR) is not limited to obese individuals. Normal weight individuals may also be insulin resistant. The aim of this study was to determine the association of lifestyle and diet patterns with IR in normal weight Iranian men.METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 232 men with a body mass index lower than 25 kg/m(2) (aged 20-72 years old) between September 2010 and April 2011 in Qazvin, Iran. Metabolically obese normal weight (MONW) was defined as IR using the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA). The optimal cut point to diagnose IR was the 80th percentile of HOMA-IR values in normal subjects. The HOMA-IR cut point was 2.48. Dietary pattern was assessed by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Data were analyzed using backward logistic regression and ANCOVA.RESULTS: Fat and meat consumption and energy intake in subjects with MONW were more than subjects without MONW. Each serving of meat consumption was associated with three times increased risk of MONW (OR: 3.06), while each serving of dairy consumption was associated with 56 % lower risk of MONW with borderline significance (OR: 0.64). Adjusted mean of HOMA-IR in the first tertile of dairy consumption was significantly higher than other tertiles. Adjusted HOMA-IR value in the third tertile of meat consumption was significantly higher than the second tertile.CONCLUSION: Higher meat consumption was associated with MONW in men. Higher meat consumption and lower dairy consumption were associated with higher means of HOMA-IR.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Body Mass Index', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Dairy Products', 'Diet', 'Humans', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Iran', 'Life Style', 'Male', 'Meat', 'Metabolic Syndrome', 'Middle Aged', 'Young Adult']
| 26,729,428
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['G07.203.300.350', 'J02.500.350'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['Z01.252.245.500.350'], ['F01.829.458'], ['G07.203.300.600', 'J02.500.600'], ['C18.452.394.968.500.570', 'C18.452.625'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A novel method for speciation of chromium: coprecipitation without carrier element by using a triazole derivative.
|
A coprecipitation method has been established for speciation of chromium(III) and chromium(VI) in real samples. The procedure is based on the coprecipitation of Cr(III), by using a new organic coprecipitant, 3-phenyl-4-o-hydroxybenzyl-idenamino-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-triazole-5-one, without adding any carrier element. After reduction of Cr(VI) by concentrated H2SO4 and ethanol, the method was applied to the determination of total Cr. The level of Cr(VI) was calculated by the difference of total Cr and Cr(III) levels. For optimum recovery of Cr(III), different analytical factors such as pH, amount of coprecipitant, centrifugation rate and time, and effect of sample volume, were investigated. The influences of some anions, cations, and transition metals on the recoveries were also investigated, and no significant interferences were observed. The preconcentration factor was 100. The detection limit based on 3 times standard deviation (sigma) of the blank (n = 10) for Cr(III) was 0.50 microg/L. In order to evaluate the accuracy of the method, certified reference materials (CRM-TMDW-500 Drinking Water and National Institute of Standards and Technology Standard Reference Material 1573a Tomato Leaves) were analyzed, and the results obtained were in good agreement with certified values. The presented procedure was applied for Cr speciation in various solid and liquid samples with successful results.
|
['Anions', 'Cations', 'Chromium', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Indicators and Reagents', 'Lycopersicon esculentum', 'Plant Leaves', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Triazoles', 'Water', 'Water Supply']
| 19,382,584
|
[['D01.248.497.158'], ['D01.248.497.300'], ['D01.268.556.175', 'D01.268.956.124', 'D01.552.544.175'], ['G02.300'], ['D27.720.470.410'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.322'], ['A18.024.812'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['D03.383.129.799'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925'], ['J01.293.821.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Material properties of the human lumbar facet joint capsule.
|
The human facet joint capsule is one of the structures in the lumbar spine that constrains motions of vertebrae during global spine loading (e.g., physiological flexion). Computational models of the spine have not been able to include accurate nonlinear and viscoelastic material properties, as they have not previously been measured. Capsules were tested using a uniaxial ramp-hold protocol or a haversine displacement protocol using a commercially available materials testing device. Plane strain was measured optically. Capsules were tested both parallel and perpendicular to the dominant orientation of the collagen fibers in the capsules. Viscoelastic material properties were determined. Parallel to the dominant orientation of the collagen fibers, the complex modulus of elasticity was E*=1.63MPa, with a storage modulus of E'=1.25MPa and a loss modulus of: E" =0.39MPa. The mean stress relaxation rates for static and dynamic loading were best fit with first-order polynomials: B(epsilon) = 0.1110epsilon-0.0733 and B(epsilon)= -0.1249epsilon + 0.0190, respectively. Perpendicular to the collagen fiber orientation, the viscous and elastic secant moduli were 1.81 and 1.00 MPa, respectively. The mean stress relaxation rate for static loading was best fit with a first-order polynomial: B (epsilon) = -0.04epsilon - 0.06. Capsule strength parallel and perpendicular to collagen fiber orientation was 1.90 and 0.95 MPa, respectively, and extensibility was 0.65 and 0.60, respectively. Poisson's ratio parallel and perpendicular to fiber orientation was 0.299 and 0.488, respectively. The elasticity moduli were nonlinear and anisotropic, and capsule strength was larger aligned parallel to the collagen fibers. The phase lag between stress and strain increased with haversine frequency, but the storage modulus remained large relative to the complex modulus. The stress relaxation rate was strain dependent parallel to the collagen fibers, but was strain independent perpendicularly.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Anisotropy', 'Cadaver', 'Compressive Strength', 'Elasticity', 'Female', 'Humans', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Joint Capsule', 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Biological', 'Stress, Mechanical', 'Viscosity', 'Weight-Bearing', 'Zygapophyseal Joint']
| 15,868,784
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G01.590.040', 'G02.050'], ['C23.550.260.224'], ['G01.374.180'], ['G01.374.590'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481'], ['A02.835.583.443'], ['A02.835.232.834.519'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G01.374.835'], ['G02.930'], ['G01.374.965'], ['A02.835.583.979']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of a new potent daunomycinone derivative.
|
The preparation and cytotoxic activity of 4'-azido-3'-bromo-3'-deamino-4'-deoxydaunorubicin is described. The new compound was found to be less active in vitro than adriamycin against L1210 and the sensitive cell lines KB-3-1 and MES-SA, but retained interesting cytotoxicity against the adriamycin resistant subline KB-A1 and the multidrug resistant MES-SA/Dx5 subline.
|
['Animals', 'Antibiotics, Antineoplastic', 'Carbohydrates', 'Cell Division', 'Daunorubicin', 'Doxorubicin', 'Drug Resistance, Multiple', 'Humans', 'Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions', 'Inhibitory Concentration 50', 'Mice', 'Naphthacenes', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 12,443,763
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248.106'], ['D09'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200', 'D04.615.562.050.200', 'D09.408.051.059.200'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200.175', 'D04.615.562.050.200.175', 'D09.408.051.059.200.175'], ['G07.690.773.984.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.409'], ['E05.940.350', 'G07.690.936.563'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562', 'D04.615.562'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Andexanet Alfa for the Reversal of Factor Xa Inhibitor Activity.
|
BACKGROUND: Bleeding is a complication of treatment with factor Xa inhibitors, but there are no specific agents for the reversal of the effects of these drugs. Andexanet is designed to reverse the anticoagulant effects of factor Xa inhibitors.METHODS: Healthy older volunteers were given 5 mg of apixaban twice daily or 20 mg of rivaroxaban daily. For each factor Xa inhibitor, a two-part randomized placebo-controlled study was conducted to evaluate andexanet administered as a bolus or as a bolus plus a 2-hour infusion. The primary outcome was the mean percent change in anti-factor Xa activity, which is a measure of factor Xa inhibition by the anticoagulant.RESULTS: Among the apixaban-treated participants, anti-factor Xa activity was reduced by 94% among those who received an andexanet bolus (24 participants), as compared with 21% among those who received placebo (9 participants) (P<0.001), and unbound apixaban concentration was reduced by 9.3 ng per milliliter versus 1.9 ng per milliliter (P<0.001); thrombin generation was fully restored in 100% versus 11% of the participants (P<0.001) within 2 to 5 minutes. Among the rivaroxaban-treated participants, anti-factor Xa activity was reduced by 92% among those who received an andexanet bolus (27 participants), as compared with 18% among those who received placebo (14 participants) (P<0.001), and unbound rivaroxaban concentration was reduced by 23.4 ng per milliliter versus 4.2 ng per milliliter (P<0.001); thrombin generation was fully restored in 96% versus 7% of the participants (P<0.001). These effects were sustained when andexanet was administered as a bolus plus an infusion. In a subgroup of participants, transient increases in levels of d-dimer and prothrombin fragments 1 and 2 were observed, which resolved within 24 to 72 hours. No serious adverse or thrombotic events were reported.CONCLUSIONS: Andexanet reversed the anticoagulant activity of apixaban and rivaroxaban in older healthy participants within minutes after administration and for the duration of infusion, without evidence of clinical toxic effects. (Funded by Portola Pharmaceuticals and others; ANNEXA-A and ANNEXA-R ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT02207725 and NCT02220725.).
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Aged', 'Antidotes', 'Blood Coagulation', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Factor Xa', 'Factor Xa Inhibitors', 'Female', 'Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Protein Precursors', 'Prothrombin', 'Pyrazoles', 'Pyridones', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Rivaroxaban']
| 26,559,317
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.696.706.037', 'D27.720.799.037'], ['G09.188.390.150'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.315', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.315', 'D12.776.124.125.400.315', 'D23.119.400.315'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.800.449.500', 'D27.505.954.502.119.500.500'], ['C23.550.414'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.644.541'], ['D12.776.811'], ['D08.622.709', 'D12.776.124.125.800', 'D12.776.811.243.709', 'D23.119.945'], ['D03.383.129.539'], ['D03.383.725.791'], ['D12.776.828'], ['D02.886.778.727', 'D03.383.533.640.713', 'D03.383.903.727']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Engineered production of fungal anticancer cyclooligomer depsipeptides in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
|
Two fungal cyclooligomer depsipeptide synthetases(CODSs), BbBEAS (352 kDa) and BbBSLS (348 kDa) from Beauveria bassiana ATCC7159, were reconstituted in Saccharomyces cerevisiae BJ5464-NpgA, leading to the production of the corresponding anticancer natural products, beauvericins and bassianolide, respectively. The titers of beauvericins (33.8 ± 1.4 mg/l) and bassianolide (21.7± 0.1 mg/l) in the engineered S. cerevisiae BJ5464-NpgA strains were comparable to those in the native producer B. bassiana. Feeding D-hydroxyisovaleric acid (D-Hiv) and the corresponding L-amino acid precursors improved the production of beauvericins and bassianolide. However, the high price of D-Hiv limits its application in large-scale production of these cyclooligomer depsipeptides. Alternatively, we engineered another enzyme, ketoisovalerate reductase (KIVR) from B. bassiana, into S. cerevisiae BJ5464-NpgA for enhanced in situ synthesis of this expensive substrate. Co-expression of BbBEAS and KIVR in the yeast led to significant improvement of the production of beauvericins.The total titer of beauvericin and its congeners (beauvericins A-C) was increased to 61.7 ± 3.0 mg/l and reached 2.6-fold of that in the native producer B. bassiana ATCC7159. Supplement of L-Val at 10 mM improved the supply of ketoisovalerate, the substrate of KIVR, which consequently further increased the total titer of beauvericins to 105.8 ± 2.1 mg/l. Using this yeast system,we functionally characterized an unknown CODS from Fusarium venenatum NRRL 26139 as a beauvericin synthetase, which was named as FvBEAS. Our work thus provides a useful approach for functional reconstitution and engineering of fungal CODSs for efficient production of this family of anticancer molecules.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Beauveria', 'Depsipeptides', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Gene Expression', 'Genetic Engineering', 'Peptide Synthases', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae']
| 23,608,474
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['B01.300.107.501.100', 'B01.300.381.103'], ['D04.345.566.297', 'D12.644.641.297'], ['D12.776.354'], ['G05.297'], ['E05.393.420'], ['D08.811.464.259.850'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Individual influenza A virus mRNAs show differential dependence on cellular NXF1/TAP for their nuclear export.
|
The influenza A virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase produces capped and polyadenylated mRNAs in the nucleus of infected cells that resemble mature cellular mRNAs, but are made by very different mechanisms. Furthermore, only two of the 10 viral protein-coding mRNAs are spliced: most are intronless, while two contain unremoved introns. The mechanism(s) by which any of these mRNAs are exported from the nucleus is uncertain. To probe the involvement of the primary cellular mRNA export pathway, we treated cells with siRNAs against NXF1, Aly or UAP56, or with the drug 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-benzimidazole (DRB), an inhibitor of RNA polymerase II phosphorylation previously shown to inhibit nuclear export of cellular mRNA as well as influenza virus segment 7 mRNAs. Depletion of NXF1 or DRB treatment had similar effects, inhibiting the nuclear export of several of the viral mRNAs. However, differing degrees of sensitivity were seen, depending on the particular segment examined. Intronless HA mRNA and spliced M2 or unspliced M1 transcripts (all encoding late proteins) showed a strong requirement for NXF1, while intronless early gene mRNAs, especially NP mRNA, showed the least dependency. Depletion of Aly had little effect on viral mRNA export, but reduction of UAP56 levels strongly inhibited trafficking and/or translation of the M1, M2 and NS1 mRNAs. Synthesis of NS2 from the spliced segment 8 transcript was, however, resistant. We conclude that influenza A virus co-opts the main cellular mRNA export pathway for a subset of its mRNAs, including most but not all late gene transcripts.
|
['Active Transport, Cell Nucleus', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Nucleus', 'DEAD-box RNA Helicases', 'Gene Knockdown Techniques', 'Host-Pathogen Interactions', 'Humans', 'Influenza A virus', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Nucleocytoplasmic Transport Proteins', 'RNA, Messenger', 'RNA, Viral', 'RNA-Binding Proteins', 'Transcription Factors']
| 20,071,484
|
[['G03.143.310.100', 'G03.143.700.100'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.735.720.249'], ['E05.393.335.500'], ['G06.462', 'G16.527.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B04.820.480.968.405.400'], ['D12.776.660'], ['D12.776.157.530.750', 'D12.776.543.585.750'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['D12.776.157.725', 'D12.776.664.962'], ['D12.776.930']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Genetic control of sebum excretion and acne--a twin study.
|
Sebum excretion and acne grades were measured in 20 pairs each of identical and non-identical like-sex twins. The identical twins had virtually identical rates of sebum excretion (P greater than 0.05), but they had a significantly different degree of acne severity (P less than 0.01). The non-identical twins had significantly different sebum excretion rates (P less than 0.01) and acne grades (P less than 0.01). These findings suggest that sebum excretion is under genetic control and the development of clinical lesions is modified by environmental factors.
|
['Acne Vulgaris', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Diseases in Twins', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Sebum', 'Secretory Rate', 'Twins, Dizygotic', 'Twins, Monozygotic']
| 2,965,597
|
[['C17.800.030.150', 'C17.800.794.111'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C23.550.291.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A12.200.702'], ['G03.857'], ['M01.438.873.920'], ['M01.438.873.940']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The value of non-invasive vascular elastography (NIVE) in detecting early vascular changes in overweight and obese children.
|
OBJECTIVES: Evaluate non-invasive vascular elastography (NIVE) in detecting vascular changes associated with obese children.METHODS: Case-control study to evaluate NIVE in 120 children, 60 with elevated body mass index (BMI) (? 85th percentile for age and sex). Participants were randomly selected from a longitudinal cohort, evaluating consequences of obesity in healthy children with one obese parent. Radiofrequency ultrasound videos of the common carotid artery were obtained. The carotid wall was segmented and NIVE applied to measure cumulated axial strain (CAS), cumulated axial translation (CAT), cumulated lateral translation (CLT), maximal shear strain (Max |SSE|), and intima-media thickness (IMT). Multivariate analyses were used controlling for age, sex, Tanner stage, blood pressure, and low-density lipoprotein. Statistical significance was set to 0.05-0.008. Participants were 10-13 years old (mean 11.4 and 12.0, for normal and elevated BMI groups, p < 0.001), 58% and 63% boys, respectively. Groups differed in age, Tanner stage, and blood pressure. In the normal BMI group, there was weak correlation between systolic blood pressure and Max |SSE| (r = 0.316, p = 0.01) and weak correlation between pulse pressure and Max |SSE| (r = 0.259, p = 0.045). After Bonferroni correction, CAT was significantly higher in the elevated BMI group (0.68 ± 0.24 mm vs. 0.52 ± 0.18 mm), p < 0.001. CAS/CAT was significantly lower in the elevated BMI group (9.54 ± 4.8 vs. 13.34 ± 6.46), p = 0.001. IMT was significantly higher in the elevated BMI group (0.36 ± 0.05 mm vs. 0.32 ± 0.05 mm) before Bonferroni correction, p = 0.013.CONCLUSIONS: NIVE detected differences in CAT and CAS/CAT in elevated BMI children. NIVE is a promising technique to monitor radiological markers of subclinical atherosclerosis.KEY POINTS: • NIVE is a non-invasive technique based on measurement of subsegmental focal deformation of vascular wall to detect subclinical changes in arterial wall compliance. • Children with elevated BMI showed increased carotid artery wall movement during systole, as compared to normal BMI children (mean 0.68 ± 0.24 mm vs. 0.52 ± 0.18 mm; p < 0.001) and a lower ratio of vascular wall strain to wall movement during systole (mean 9.54 ± 4.8 vs. 13.34 ± 6.46; p = 0.001). • The detection of these subclinical changes helps physicians in the stratification of children at risk of atherosclerosis and guides in the implementation of preventive measures.
|
['Blood Pressure', 'Carotid Artery, Common', 'Carotid Intima-Media Thickness', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Child', 'Early Diagnosis', 'Elasticity Imaging Techniques', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Pediatric Obesity', 'Prospective Studies', 'Systole']
| 30,847,591
|
[['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['A07.015.114.186.200'], ['E01.370.350.850.150', 'E01.370.370.180', 'G09.330.210'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E01.390'], ['E01.370.350.850.270'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['C18.654.726.500.720', 'C23.888.144.699.500.750', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['G09.330.580.880', 'G11.427.494.570.880']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Intravenous glucose tolerance and pancreatic islet beta-cell function in patients with multiple sclerosis during 2-yr treatment with cyclosporin.
|
Cyclosporin is an immunosuppressive drug used with increasing frequency in patients with diabetes mellitus both as experimental primary therapy for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and as therapy accompanying pancreatic transplantation. However, reports have appeared contending that cyclosporin causes glucose intolerance and inhibits pancreatic islet beta-cell function. Consequently, concern has been raised that the beneficial effects of immunosuppression may be offset by adverse metabolic effects of the drug. To address this issue, we examined intravenous glucose tolerance and pancreatic islet beta-cell function in a group of nondiabetic multiple sclerosis patients before and during a 2-yr course of cyclosporin or placebo therapy. Patients were randomly assigned to one of the two drug groups and followed in a double-blind manner. Basal levels of glucose, insulin, and C-peptide as well as glucose disappearance rates and pancreatic islet beta-cell function after stimulation with intravenous glucose and arginine were determined immediately before therapy and after 3 wk, 6 mo, 1 yr, and 2 yr of therapy. No abnormalities in these parameters were observed in the cyclosporin of the placebo-treated group. It appears that cyclosporin can be give in conventional doses for as long as 2 yr without encountering evidence for impaired glucose homeostasis. However, whether adverse effects will materialize over longer periods of drug use remains a question.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Blood Glucose', 'C-Peptide', 'Cyclosporins', 'Female', 'Glucose Tolerance Test', 'Humans', 'Insulin', 'Islets of Langerhans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multiple Sclerosis', 'Time Factors']
| 2,642,435
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.250', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.250'], ['D04.345.566.235', 'D12.644.641.235'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.355', 'E01.370.374.355', 'E05.200.124.100.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['A03.734.414', 'A06.300.414'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.114.375.500', 'C10.314.350.500', 'C20.111.258.250.500'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Use of a new fixation device--the intraosseal compression loop --in the management of articular (osteochondral) fractures of the hand].
|
Author describes a new method, the intraosseal compression loop, unknown until now in this country for the treatment of intraarticular, osteochondral fractures. The advantages of the new method are analysed, attention is called however to the fact, that it can be used only in the therapy of certain types of fractures and it can be only one from the great variety of procedures for the treatment of osteochondrial fractures. It is demonstrated with a few examples that the method can be used to treat unstable diaphyseal fractures too.
|
['Bone Wires', 'Cartilage, Articular', 'Finger Injuries', 'Finger Joint', 'Fracture Fixation', 'Fractures, Cartilage', 'Humans', 'Orthopedic Fixation Devices', 'Radiography']
| 8,343,846
|
[['E07.695.370.468', 'E07.858.442.660.460.468', 'E07.858.690.725.460.468'], ['A02.165.407.150', 'A02.835.583.192'], ['C26.448.429'], ['A02.835.583.405.350'], ['E04.555.300'], ['C26.411'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.858.442.660', 'E07.858.690.725'], ['E01.370.350.700']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Myocardial infarction in a 35-day-old infant with incomplete Kawasaki disease and chicken pox.
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Kawasaki disease is an acute febrile vasculitis of infancy and early childhood. It is uncommon in early infancy, because a significant proportion of these children do not meet the classical diagnostic criteria at this age. Infants younger than 6 months with persistent fever and some of the criteria of Kawasaki disease should always raise suspicion for Kawasaki disease early to avoid delayed diagnosis with severe cardiac complications. We present a 35-day-old infant with incomplete Kawasaki disease complicated with myocardial infarction during chicken pox.
|
['Cardiac Catheterization', 'Chickenpox', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Echocardiography', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome', 'Myocardial Infarction']
| 20,633,312
|
[['E01.370.370.380.140', 'E02.148.442', 'E05.157.250'], ['C01.925.256.466.930.250'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['E01.171'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C14.907.940.560', 'C15.604.560', 'C17.800.862.560'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Spectral embedded clustering: a framework for in-sample and out-of-sample spectral clustering.
|
Spectral clustering (SC) methods have been successfully applied to many real-world applications. The success of these SC methods is largely based on the manifold assumption, namely, that two nearby data points in the high-density region of a low-dimensional data manifold have the same cluster label. However, such an assumption might not always hold on high-dimensional data. When the data do not exhibit a clear low-dimensional manifold structure (e.g., high-dimensional and sparse data), the clustering performance of SC will be degraded and become even worse than K -means clustering. In this paper, motivated by the observation that the true cluster assignment matrix for high-dimensional data can be always embedded in a linear space spanned by the data, we propose the spectral embedded clustering (SEC) framework, in which a linearity regularization is explicitly added into the objective function of SC methods. More importantly, the proposed SEC framework can naturally deal with out-of-sample data. We also present a new Laplacian matrix constructed from a local regression of each pattern and incorporate it into our SEC framework to capture both local and global discriminative information for clustering. Comprehensive experiments on eight real-world high-dimensional datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and advantages of our SEC framework over existing SC methods and K-means-based clustering methods. Our SEC framework significantly outperforms SC using the Nystr?m algorithm on unseen data.
|
['Algorithms', 'Artificial Intelligence', 'Cluster Analysis', 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'Linear Models', 'Pattern Recognition, Automated', 'Regression Analysis']
| 21,965,198
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G17.035.250', 'L01.224.050.375'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['E05.245.380', 'E05.318.740.300', 'L01.313.500.750.190.380', 'N05.715.360.750.300', 'N06.850.520.830.300'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['L01.399.750'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Corrosion of copper in aerated synthetic sea water solutions and its inhibition by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole.
|
Corrosion of copper in aerated synthetic sea water (3.5% NaCl) solutions and its inhibition by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (ATA) have been studied using electrochemical, gravimetric, and pH measurements, along with Raman spectroscopy. Electrochemical measurements indicated that the presence of ATA and the increase of its concentration suppress the corrosion process on the copper surface. This effect decreases cathodic, anodic, and corrosion (jcorr) currents and corrosion rates (Kcorr), while increasing polarization resistance (Rp), surface coverage (theta), and inhibition efficiency (IE%). Weight loss measurements indicated that the dissolution of copper and the accompanying change of pH decreased to a minimum even after 24 days immersion due to the presence of ATA and the increase of its concentration. Raman investigations revealed that the inhibition of copper corrosion is achieved by strong adsorption of ATA molecules onto the copper surface, preventing it from being corroded easily.
|
['Amitrole', 'Copper', 'Corrosion', 'Electrochemistry', 'Electrodes', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Seawater', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Solutions', 'Spectrum Analysis, Raman', 'Time Factors']
| 17,346,723
|
[['D03.383.129.799.100'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['G02.165'], ['H01.181.529.307'], ['E07.305.250'], ['G02.300'], ['G16.500.275.725.500'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['D26.776'], ['E05.196.822.860', 'E05.196.867.890'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Does cognitive-behavioral therapy response among adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder differ as a function of certain comorbidities?
|
This study examines the impact of several of the most common comorbid psychiatric disorders (i.e., generalized anxiety disorder (GAD); major depressive disorder (MDD); social phobia, and panic disorder) on cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) response in adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). One hundred and forty-three adults with OCD (range=18-79 years) received 14 sessions of weekly or intensive CBT. Assessments were conducted before and after treatment. Primary outcomes included scores on the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), response rates, and remission status. Sixty-nine percent of participants met criteria for at least one comorbid diagnosis. Although baseline OCD severity was slightly higher among individuals with OCD+MDD and OCD+GAD (in comparison to those with OCD-only), neither the presence nor the number of pre-treatment comorbid disorders predicated symptom severity, treatment response, remission, or clinically significant change rates at post-treatment. These data suggest that CBT for OCD is robust to the presence of certain common Axis-I comorbidities.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Cognitive Behavioral Therapy', 'Depressive Disorder, Major', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder', 'Panic Disorder', 'Phobic Disorders', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 20,399,603
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['F04.754.137.350'], ['F03.600.300.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F03.080.600'], ['F03.080.700'], ['F03.080.725'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Testosterone accelerates the development of the catfish GnRH system in the brain of immature African catfish (Clarias gariepinus).
|
The effects of two endogenous steroids on the maturation of the catfish GnRH and the chicken GnRH-II system in the African catfish were investigated. Immature fish (2 weeks of age, which is before sexual differentiation; thus male and female genotypes present) were fed with food pellets containing either testosterone (T), 11beta-hydroxyandrostenedione (OHA) or no steroid (control). After 2 and 4 weeks of treatment, the effects on the two GnRH systems were investigated immunocytochemically, using specific antibodies against the respective GnRH-associated peptides. By means of fluorescence microscopy the number of GnRH perikarya and the cell surfaces were determined. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was applied to verify spatial distribution and staining intensity. After 2 weeks of treatment no difference in any of the parameters between the groups was observed. However, 4 weeks T treatment resulted in significantly more cfGnRH-ir perikarya in the brain compared to the OHA and control groups. In addition, in the T group the number of immunoreactive fibers was markedly higher and the staining of the perikarya and axons was more intense. The distribution of cfGnRH-ir neurons over the ventral forebrain differed between the two age groups: in 4-week-old fish, the largest concentration of neurons was localized in the ventral telencephalon, while 2 weeks later the number of neurons in the supraoptic area had markedly increased, suggesting that the cfGnRH system is still undergoing developmental changes during this period. In 6-week-old fish the average volume of the cfGnRH perikarya (expressed as surface size in the microscopical sections) in both the OHA and the T group was significantly bigger than that in the control group. The cGnRH-II-ir neurons in the midbrain tegmentum showed strong immunoreactivity in all groups, both treated and nontreated. In contrast to the cfGnRH neurons, the staining intensity and the number of cGnRH-II neurons did not change after steroid treatment. The results of this study show that T is able to accelerate the development of the cfGnRH system, whereas OHA has only minimal effects; the cGnRH-II system develops independent from these steroids.
|
['Animals', 'Brain', 'Catfishes', 'Female', 'Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Spermatocytes', 'Stimulation, Chemical', 'Testis', 'Testosterone']
| 9,843,644
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.080'], ['D06.472.699.327.740.320', 'D12.644.400.400.740.320', 'D12.644.456.460', 'D12.644.548.365.740.320', 'D12.776.631.650.405.740.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['A05.360.490.890.880', 'A11.497.760.700'], ['G07.690.773.996'], ['A05.360.444.849', 'A05.360.576.782', 'A06.300.312.782'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.429.824', 'D06.472.334.851.968.984']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
mTMT: An Alternative, Nonisobaric, Tandem Mass Tag Allowing for Precursor-Based Quantification.
|
Stable isotope labeling of peptides is the basis for numerous mass-spectrometry-based quantification strategies. Isobaric tagging and metabolic labeling, namely, tandem mass tagging (TMT) and SILAC, are among the most widely used techniques for relative protein quantification. Here we report an alternative, precursor-based quantification method using nonisobaric TMT variants: TMTzero (TMT0) and superheavy TMT (shTMT). We term this strategy mass difference tandem mass tagging (mTMT). These TMT variants differ by 11 mass units; however, peptides labeled with these reagents coelute, analogous to SILAC-labeled peptide pairs. As a proof-of-concept, we profiled the proteomes of two cell lines that are frequently used in neuroscience studies, SH-SY5Y and SVGp12, using mTMT and standard SILAC-labeling approaches. We show similar quantified proteins and peptides for each method, with highly correlated fold-changes between workflows. We conclude that mTMT is a suitable alternative for precursor-based protein quantification.
|
['Cell Line', 'Humans', 'Proof of Concept Study', 'Proteins', 'Proteome', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry', 'Workflow']
| 31,490,667
|
[['A11.251.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H01.770.644.578'], ['D12.776'], ['D12.776.817'], ['E05.196.566.880'], ['L01.906.893']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Making the hidden obvious. Management education through survey feedback.
|
Staff nurse perceptions of the work setting are powerful indicators of job satisfaction and often guide intent to remain or leave the job. In this study, staff nurse perceptions of the unit work environment were disclosed to nurse managers in an innovative management education strategy. Equipped with unit-specific information from their staff members, nurse managers found that they were better able to address the factors identified as most important. Use of survey-based information promoted better management decisions and a higher level of confidence.
|
['Education, Nursing, Continuing', 'Feedback', 'Humans', 'Job Satisfaction', 'Nursing Staff, Hospital', 'Nursing, Supervisory', 'Personnel Loyalty', 'Personnel Turnover', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'United States']
| 8,006,697
|
[['I02.358.212.450', 'I02.358.462.399'], ['L01.906.394.211'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.784.692.425'], ['M01.526.485.680.490', 'M01.526.485.740.523', 'N02.360.680.490', 'N02.360.740.523'], ['N04.452.758.377.750'], ['N04.452.677.460'], ['N04.452.677.680'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Long-Term Follow-Up of Humanitarian Surgeries: Outcomes and Patient Satisfaction in Rural Ghana.
|
BACKGROUND: Nongovernmental organizations conduct short-term surgical outreach to lessen the substantial global burden of surgical disease. Long-term outcomes of short-term surgical missions (STSMs) are underreported, raising concern for clinical sequelae and patient satisfaction with essential general surgeries. This study aims to describe long-term follow-up results of one general surgical nongovernmental organization's provision of care in rural Ghana with focus on patient-related outcomes and satisfaction.METHODS: From 2013 to 2018, Tetteh Quarshie Memorial Hospital in Mampong, Ghana, was the host site of annual 1-wk International Surgical Health Initiative (ISHI) STSMs. Beginning in 2016, an ISHI provider-hosted follow-up clinics augmented by mobile telephone support. Surgical patients from 2013 to 2016 were contacted by the local nursing staff and evaluated for long-term outcomes and self-reported satisfaction.RESULTS: Sixty-nine of 256 patients (27%) responded; 39 patients (57%) were interviewed and examined by an ISHI physician, whereas 30 patients (43%) received mobile telephone follow-up. Mean age was 47 (±18) y, with 44% female patients, and mean duration of follow-up was 1.5 (±1) y. Eleven patients (16%) had surgical and anesthesia complications. All patients reported improvement in symptoms and activity level. Eighty-six patients reported complete satisfaction (5/5). Factors associated with reduced patient satisfaction (<5/5) included increased age and complications.CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is one of the first studies focusing on patient-reported outcomes for the evaluation of long-term follow-up of general surgery STSMs. With mobile technology, long-term follow-up is achievable toward obtaining meaningful outcomes. Complications in this series are within an acceptable range, whereas symptom improvement and overall satisfaction are high.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Altruism', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Ghana', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Medical Missions', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Reported Outcome Measures', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Rural Population', 'Surgical Procedures, Operative', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 31,563,830
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.145.813.090'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['Z01.058.290.190.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.615.500.750'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.980.344.500', 'N03.349.380.210.750', 'N04.761.559.590.399.875', 'N05.425.210.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.344.500', 'N05.715.360.575.575.399.875', 'N06.850.520.308.980.344.500'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['C23.550.767'], ['N01.600.725'], ['E04'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A nonchromatographic radioimmunoassay for 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone.
|
A radioimmunoassay is described for the measurement of 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone in human plasma. We have employed the principle of "immunologic purification." 17-OHP and related steroids are bound to an excess of antiserum. Steroids with a low affinity for the antibody are extracted by ether. The 17-OHP is subsequently freed from antibody by acid hydrolysis and this extract is assayed by radioimmunoassay.
|
['Adult', 'Antigen-Antibody Reactions', 'Child', 'Chromatography, Gel', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hydroxyprogesterones', 'Immune Sera', 'Male', 'Menstruation', 'Methods', 'Ovarian Diseases', 'Radioimmunoassay', 'Time Factors', 'Tritium']
| 1,127,092
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G12.122'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.196.181.400.250'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829.395', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750.478'], ['A12.207.152.846.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.114.573', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.573', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.573', 'D20.215.401'], ['G08.686.605.428'], ['E05.581'], ['C13.351.500.056.630', 'C19.391.630'], ['E01.370.384.700', 'E05.478.566.639', 'E05.601.470.639'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D01.268.406.875', 'D01.362.340.875', 'D01.496.749.925']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Factors associated with disability in a sample of adults with arthritis.
|
BACKGROUND: Arthritis is the most common cause of disability among US adults. Few studies have comprehensively examined factors associated with disability in this population.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between a number of disease and non-disease related factors and disability in sample of adults with self-reported doctor-diagnosed arthritis.METHODS: Participants (n = 396) taking part in a randomized controlled trial of arthritis self-management completed a comprehensive survey assessing a number of demographic, arthritis-specific, health-related, behavioral, and psychological variables at baseline. Disability, as measured by the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), was also measured. Hierarchical regression models examined the independent associations between blocks of variables and disability.RESULTS: Demographic variables (R(2) = 0.13), arthritis-specific demographics (i.e., type, medication use; ÄR(2) = 0.16), physical health-related variables (ÄR(2) = 0.06), arthritis-specific symptoms (ÄR(2) = 0.12), health behaviors (ÄR(2) = 0.00), and psychological variables (ÄR(2) = 0.03) explained 50% of the variance in disability score (R(2) = 0.50). With the exception of health behaviors, the addition of each block of variables significantly improved the model, explaining additional variance in HAQ scores (p < 0.0001). In the final model, older age, less than a high school education, rheumatoid arthritis, greater arthritis duration, taking steroids, taking narcotics, greater pain, greater stiffness, greater depressive symptoms, and lower arthritis self-efficacy were associated with greater disability whereas male gender, fibromyalgia, and excellent/very good health were associated with less disability.CONCLUSIONS: A number of disease and non-disease related variables were associated with disability. These findings suggest that disability in adults with arthritis may be a complicated phenomenon; such complexity may make decreasing disability in this population challenging.
|
['Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Arthritis', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Depression', 'Disability Evaluation', 'Disabled Persons', 'Educational Status', 'Female', 'Fibromyalgia', 'Health Behavior', 'Health Status', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Musculoskeletal Pain', 'Regression Analysis', 'Self Care', 'Self Efficacy', 'Sex Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 24,060,261
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C05.550.114'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['E01.370.400'], ['M01.150'], ['N01.824.196'], ['C05.651.324', 'C05.799.321', 'C10.668.491.425'], ['F01.145.488'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.651.538', 'C23.888.592.612.547', 'F02.830.816.353', 'G11.561.790.353'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E02.900', 'I03.050.563', 'N02.421.784.680'], ['F01.752.747.792.700'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Determination of carbenicillin epimers in plasma and urine with high-performance liquid chromatography.
|
A high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for determining the concentrations of carbenicillin (CBPC) epimers in plasma and urine. Samples were prepared for HPLC analysis by solid-phase extraction and the concentrations of CBPC epimers were determined using reversed-phase HPLC with a mixture of 0.05 M ammonium acetate and methanol as a mobile phase. Baseline separation of the two epimers was observed for both plasma and urine samples with a detection limit of ca. 10 micrograms/ml. No peaks interfering with either of the CBPC epimers were observed on the HPLC chromatograms for blank plasma and urine. The presented method was used to determine the protein binding of CBPC epimers in vitro in human and rabbit plasma. The stereoselectivity of the binding of CBPC appeared to be reversed in human and rabbit plasma.
|
['Adult', 'Animals', 'Blood Proteins', 'Carbenicillin', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Protein Binding', 'Rabbits', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Species Specificity', 'Stereoisomerism', 'Ultrafiltration']
| 8,014,226
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124'], ['D02.065.589.099.750.750.170', 'D02.886.108.750.750.170', 'D03.633.100.300.750.750.170'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['G16.824'], ['G02.607.445.682'], ['E04.292.975', 'E05.196.454.807', 'G01.280.807', 'G02.263.807']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Cryptococcosis in an Infectious Diseases Hospital of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Revision of 2041 cases: Diagnosis, clinical features and therapeutics.
|
BACKGROUND: Cryptococcosis is still a life-threatening mycosis that continues to be of serious concern in Latin American countries, especially among HIV+positive population. However, there is not any reliable information about the prevalence of this disease in this region.AIMS: The aim of this study is to report data of 2041 patients with cryptococcosis that were attended at the Infectious Diseases Hospital F. J. Mu?iz over a 30 year-period.METHODS: Information about demographic and clinical data, survival time and the applied treatment, was taken from the Mycology Unit database. Mycological exams from different clinical samples were performed. Cryptococcal capsular antigen in serum and cerebrospinal fluid was detected through the latex agglutination technique. Cryptococcus isolates were phenotypically identified and the genotype was determined in some of them. Susceptibility tests were carried out following M27-A3 document.RESULTS: Seventy five percent of HIV+positive patients and 50% of the HIV-negative population were males. Mean ages were 34.1 in HIV+positive patients and 44.8 in the HIV-negative. Cryptococcosis was associated with AIDS in 98% of the cases. Meningeal compromise was seen in 90% of the patients. Although cerebrospinal fluid rendered more positive results, blood culture was the first diagnostic finding in some cases. Cryptococcal antigen showed positive results in 96.2% of the sera samples and in the 93.1% of the cerebrospinal fluid samples. Most of the isolates were Cryptococcus neoformans and belonged to genotype VNI. Minimal inhibitory concentration values were mostly below the epidemiological cutoff values.CONCLUSIONS: We observed that thanks to a high level of clinical suspicion, early diagnosis, combined therapy and intracranial pressure control by daily lumbar punctures, the global mortality rate has markedly decreased through the years in the analyzed period.
|
['Adult', 'Antifungal Agents', 'Argentina', 'Comorbidity', 'Cryptococcosis', 'Cryptococcus gattii', 'Cryptococcus neoformans', 'Drug Resistance, Fungal', 'Early Diagnosis', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'Hospitals, Special', 'Hospitals, Urban', 'Humans', 'Infectious Disease Medicine', 'Intracranial Hypertension', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mycology', 'Spinal Puncture']
| 29,129,578
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.136'], ['Z01.107.757.077'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['C01.150.703.248'], ['B01.300.381.258.300', 'B01.300.930.316.300'], ['B01.300.381.258.366', 'B01.300.930.316.366'], ['G06.225.383', 'G07.690.773.984.269.383'], ['E01.390'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['N02.278.421.556'], ['N02.278.421.660'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.403.429.480'], ['C10.228.140.631'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['H01.158.273.540.553'], ['E01.370.225.998.054.790', 'E01.370.376.700', 'E02.800.779', 'E04.074.790', 'E04.665.700', 'E05.200.998.054.790']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Human papillomavirus detection in histologic samples of multifocal epithelial hyperplasia: a novel demographic presentation.
|
OBJECTIVE: Human papillomavirus (HPV) typing of oral lesions microscopically consistent with multifocal epithelial hyperplasia (MEH) was performed to identify potential novel clinical presentations.STUDY DESIGN: MEH (N = 22 lesions, 17 patients) and squamous papilloma control samples (N = 9 lesions, 9 patients) were compared by using polymerase chain reaction-based HPV genotyping. Student's t tests were used to compare continuous characteristics.RESULTS: Of the study cases, 86.4% of MEH and only 11% of controls were positive for HPV (P = .0002). In MEH lesions, 45.5% contained HPV32, 36.4% HPV6, and 4.5% HPV40. MEH lesions were mostly multifocal (50%) and occurred in HIV-negative patients (81.3%). They predominated on the labial/buccal mucosa (63.3%), and there were significant differences between groups by anatomic site (P < .0001). HPV32, but not HPV6, was detected in known HIV-positive patients.CONCLUSIONS: A novel clinical presentation of MEH associated with HPV32 in HIV-negative, middle-aged to older adults is reported here. One case with HPV40 is the first to be reported. Future detection protocols should include HPV32, as it may be currently overlooked.
|
['Adult', 'Biopsy', 'Female', 'Focal Epithelial Hyperplasia', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Papillomaviridae', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction']
| 26,455,288
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['C07.465.342'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['B04.280.210.655', 'B04.613.204.655'], ['E05.393.620.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Plant antitumor agents. 28. Resolution of a key tricyclic synthon, 5'(RS)-1,5-dioxo-5'-ethyl-5'-hydroxy-2'H,5'H,6'H-6'-oxopyrano[3' ,4'- f]delta 6,8-tetrahydro-indolizine: total synthesis and antitumor activity of 20(S)- and 20(R)-camptothecin.
|
The resolution of the tricyclic ketone (3a + 3b) by the separation of diastereomeric adducts 4a and 4c of the precursor ketal 5 is described. The regenerated enantiomers 3a and 3b of 100% optical purity represent the key intermediates from which 20(R)-camptothecin (1a) and 20(S)-camptothecin (1b), respectively, have been prepared. The 20R analogue 1a was 10-100 times less active than the natural 20(S)-camptothecin (1b) in 9KB and 9PS cytotoxicity assays and almost inactive in in vivo L-1210 leukemia tests as compared to the highly potent and active natural compound 1b.
|
['Camptothecin', 'Stereoisomerism']
| 3,681,902
|
[['D03.132.151'], ['G02.607.445.682']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Continuous-flow automation and hemolysis index: a crucial combination.
|
A paradigm shift has occurred in the role and organization of laboratory diagnostics over the past decades, wherein consolidation or networking of small laboratories into larger factories and point-of-care testing have simultaneously evolved and now seem to favorably coexist. There is now evidence, however, that the growing implementation of continuous-flow automation, especially in closed systems, has not eased the identification of hemolyzed specimens since the integration of preanalytical and analytical workstations would hide them from visual scrutiny, with an inherent risk that unreliable test results may be released to the stakeholders. Along with other technical breakthroughs, the new generation of laboratory instrumentation is increasingly equipped with systems that can systematically and automatically be tested for a broad series of interferences, the so-called serum indices, which also include the hemolysis index. The routine implementation of these technical tools in clinical laboratories equipped with continuous-flow automation carries several advantages and some drawbacks that are discussed in this article.
|
['Automation', 'Clinical Laboratory Techniques', 'Hemolysis', 'Humans']
| 22,713,757
|
[['J01.897.104'], ['E01.370.225', 'E05.200'], ['C23.550.403', 'G12.122.545'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Primary, papillary peritoneal neoplasia.
|
Subsequent to the recognition of the intraperitoneal tumors of low malignant potential, clinicians have repeatedly faced the ambiguities inherent in a disease that seems aggressive on the basis of its wide distribution in the peritoneal cavity but benign on the basis of its histopathology and clinical course. Whereas the occasional case has been associated with extensive local reaction and ascites, except for a rare exception these tumors result in prolonged survival and in an absence of extraabdominal extension. The current review of 154 cases followed from 2 to 40 years, performed in an attempt to understand this perplexing disease, leads to the following conclusions: 1) Whereas frequently beginning on the ovary and showing a predilection for the pelvis, there are examples of widely disseminated peritoneal disease with minimal, if any, ovarian involvement; 2) the outcome without adjunctive therapy is excellent and thus such therapy is contraindicated in view of the death of only 2 of the 154 patients with disease, 1 of whom had had adjunctive intraperitoneal isotope therapy; and 3) this disease is best understood as a diffuse primary peritoneal tumor probably developing on the basis of irritating agents' reaching the abdominal cavity from the lower genital canal, a process similar to that proposed for the genesis of endometriosis. Such a low-grade primary in situ tumor that may involve the entire peritoneal cavity is compatible with prolonged survival.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Carcinoma, Papillary', 'Child', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Peritoneal Neoplasms']
| 7,312,239
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.360', 'C04.557.470.700.360'], ['M01.060.406'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['C04.588.033.513', 'C04.588.274.780', 'C06.301.780', 'C06.844.620']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Long-term changes in the effects of episode-specific drinking to cope motivation on daily well-being.
|
To further understand the role of drinking to cope (DTC) motivation in the development of drinking-related problems during young adulthood, we tested whether the association between episode-specific levels of nighttime DTC motivation and next-day negative affect and self-control depletion symptoms (SCDS) changed from college years to postcollege years (5 years later). We also examined whether these changes were moderated by recent life stress, adult social role attainment and gender, and whether mean levels of these variables were associated with changes in drinking-related problems from college to postcollege years. Participants (N = 927; 54% women) completed a 30-day daily diary during college and again 5 years later in which they reported their previous night's drinking level and motivation and their current negative affect and SCDS. We assessed drinking-related problems at both waves and recent life stress and adult social roles at Wave 2. DTC motivation was positively associated with next-day levels of negative affect and SCDS. The effect of DTC motivation on anxiety and SCDS became stronger over time. The effect of DTC motivation on depressive affect and anger (a) decreased across time among individuals who attained more adult roles and (b) was weaker among individuals who reported lower levels of postcollege life stress. Mean levels of postcollege DTC motivation was indirectly related to changes in drinking-related problems from college to postcollege through mean levels of negative affect and SCDS. Our findings indicate that DTC might exert its unique long-term effects on alcohol use disorders through disruption of daily emotion-regulation processes. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adult', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Alcoholism', 'Anxiety', 'Emotions', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Motivation', 'Self-Control', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Young Adult']
| 30,307,258
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['C25.775.100.250', 'F03.900.100.350'], ['F01.470.132'], ['F01.470'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['F01.145.813.595'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
High levels of viremia in patients with the Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.
|
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a rare but acute fulminant disease caused by Sin Nombre virus (SNV). To understand the role of the viral load in the pathogenesis of HPS, the load of virus in the blood of patients with HPS was measured. A quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay was developed for SNV, because SNV is difficult to grow in cell culture. Thirty-eight samples from 26 patients with HPS were analyzed. Twenty of the 26 initial samples were positive for viral RNA (7 of 9 samples were obtained from patients with fatal cases, and 13 of 17 were obtained from survivors). Mean viral RNA copy numbers were 106.1+/-1.4/mL in positive cases (106.7+/-1.4/mL in fatal cases, 105.8+/-1.3/mL in survivors) and were correlated with peak hematocrit (P<.05) and with the lowest platelet count (P=.05). In 8 survivors who had serial samples obtained, viral RNA copy numbers decreased promptly after resolution of fever.
|
['Blotting, Southern', 'Hantavirus', 'Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome', 'Hematocrit', 'Humans', 'Oligonucleotide Probes', 'Plasmids', 'Pulmonary Edema', 'RNA, Viral', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Viral Load', 'Viremia']
| 10,558,964
|
[['E05.196.401.114', 'E05.301.300.087', 'E05.601.150'], ['B04.820.480.750.440'], ['C01.925.782.147.420.380', 'C08.618.846.450'], ['E01.370.225.625.400', 'E05.200.625.400', 'G09.188.370.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D13.444.600.601', 'D27.505.259.750.600.650', 'D27.720.470.530.600.650'], ['G05.360.600'], ['C08.381.742'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['E01.370.225.875.950', 'E05.200.875.950', 'G06.920.850'], ['C01.925.937', 'C23.550.470.790.500.900']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Neonatal digestive implantation of streptococcus group B. Influence of antibiotic therapy].
|
Group B streptococcus (GBS) is an important cause of neonatal infection. Early-onset diseases are due to perinatal contamination. The epidemiology of late-onset infections is poorly known. Maternal colonization may be responsible for some of them. The relationships between neonatal colonization and late disease could be a colonization of the gut. The purpose of this 3 year-prospective study was to analyse the kinetics of gut colonization in neonates and the influence of antibiotherapy. One hundred and nineteen infants less than one month of age were included because of the presence of GBS in their gastric aspirates or GBS infection. Depending on the therapeutic strategy, the infants were separated into 3 groups: 1) amoxicillin plus aminoside greater than or equal to 10 days because of neonatal infection (28 infants), 2) same combination less than or equal to 5 days because a GBS infection was suspected but not confirmed (17 infants), 3) no antibiotics (77 infants). Fecal flora was regularly analysed by differential count. Antibiotics caused rapid disappearance of GBS from the gut. However, the same strain reappeared after stopping the antibiotics at a rate of 13.5%. Without antibiotics, GBS was implanted in 33% of cases. This difference of implantation rate is statistically significant (p less than 0.05). No GBS infection was observed in any infant after a follow-up examination of 6 months to 2 years. Among the clinical and bacteriological factors studied, adhesion only was correlated with the GBS implantation. These results allow to discuss therapeutic abstention in colonized infants without any signs of infection.
|
['Ampicillin', 'Cohort Studies', 'Digestive System Diseases', 'Drug Combinations', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'France', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Netilmicin', 'Prospective Studies', 'Streptococcal Infections', 'Streptococcus agalactiae']
| 1,530,437
|
[['D02.065.589.099.750.750.050', 'D02.886.108.750.750.050', 'D03.633.100.300.750.750.050'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['C06'], ['D26.310'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['D09.408.051.374.785.525'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C01.150.252.410.890'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.100', 'B03.510.400.800.872.100', 'B03.510.550.737.872.100']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Characteristics and prevalence of intrapulmonary shunt detected by contrast echocardiography with harmonic imaging in liver transplant candidates.
|
We investigated the prevalence and characteristics of intrapulmonary shunt using contrast echocardiography with harmonic imaging in 130 liver transplant candidates. We found a high prevalence of intrapulmonary shunts and a significant correlation between the degree of intrapulmonary shunt and the Child-Pugh classification score.
|
['Aged', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Blood Gas Monitoring, Transcutaneous', 'Contrast Media', 'Echocardiography', 'Female', 'Heart Atria', 'Hepatopulmonary Syndrome', 'Humans', 'Image Enhancement', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Liver Failure', 'Liver Transplantation', 'Lung Volume Measurements', 'Male', 'Mathematical Computing', 'Microbubbles', 'Middle Aged', 'Pulmonary Veins', 'Reference Values', 'Sodium Chloride']
| 15,325,947
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.100.600.100', 'E01.370.370.380.600.100', 'E01.370.386.700.100.600.100', 'E05.200.124.100.100.600.100'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['A07.541.358'], ['C06.552.455', 'C08.381.385'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['L01.224.308'], ['C06.552.308.500'], ['E02.095.147.725.490', 'E04.210.650', 'E04.936.450.490', 'E04.936.580.490'], ['E01.370.386.700.485'], ['L01.224.680'], ['E07.553'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A07.015.908.713'], ['E05.978.810'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Cloning and characterization of novel cathelicidin cDNA sequence of Bubalus bubalis homologous to Bos taurus cathelicidin-4.
|
Cathelicidin synthesized by bone marrow cells plays an important role in neutralizing invading pathogens. In the present study, the myeloid cathelicidin cDNA from Bubalus bubalis has been cloned and characterized. RNA from bone marrow of buffalo ribs was extracted, reverse transcribed and amplified using specific pair of primer designed from published cathelicidin-4 cDNA sequences of Bos taurus popularly known as indolicidin. An expected amplified product of 517 bp was obtained, which was cloned and sequenced. Comparison of buffalo cathelicidin and indolicidin sequences reveal that the open reading frames (ORF) of both these two congeners consist of 435 nucleotides with 28 divergent nucleotides and the translated proteins of 144 amino acid residues. Fourteen amino acid residues were found to be dissimilar between these two congeners. The molecular mass of buffalo cathelicidin calculated from the deduced amino acid sequence was 16.23 kDa, which is in close proximity of indolicidin. The sequence comparison with known B. taurus cathelicidin congeners again show 70.8-92.9% identity at nucleotides level and 65-88.3% identity at amino acids level. The maximum similarity of buffalo cathelicidin both at nucleotides level (92.9%) and protein level (88.3%) was found to be with indolicidin. Phylogenetic tree analysis at nucleotides and amino acids level indicate that buffalo, cattle, sheep, pig and equine cathelicidin sequences comprise one clade which are distantly related with human, rabbit and murine cathelicidins. It may be reasonably concluded that buffalo possess the ancestral gene of cathelicidin like that of bovine species.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides', 'Base Sequence', 'Buffaloes', 'Cattle', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Cluster Analysis', 'DNA Primers', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Open Reading Frames', 'Phylogeny', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Sequence Homology', 'Species Specificity']
| 17,381,041
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.644.050', 'D12.776.543.695.054'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.135'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['E05.393.220'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.360.335.760.640', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.650'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['G02.111.810', 'G05.810'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Human microRNAs co-silence in well-separated groups and have different predicted essentialities.
|
BACKGROUND: Short regulating RNAs guide many cellular processes. Compared with transcription factor proteins they appear to provide more specialized control and their deletions are less frequently lethal.RESULTS: We find large differences between computationally predicted lists of human microRNA (miRNA)-target pairs. Instead of integrating these lists we use the two most accurate of them. Next, we construct the co-regulation network of human miRNAs as nodes by computing the correlation (link weight) between the gene silencing scores of individual miRNAs. In this network, we locate groups of tightly co-regulating nodes (modules). Despite explicitly allowing overlaps the co-regulation modules of miRNAs are well separated. We use the modules and miRNA co-expression data to define and compute miRNA essentiality. Instead of focusing on particular biological functions we identify a miRNA as essential, if it has a low co-expression with the miRNAs in its module. This may be thought of as having many workers performing the same tasks together in one place (non-essential miRNAs) as opposed to a single worker performing those tasks alone (essential miRNA).CONCLUSIONS: On the system level, we quantitatively confirm previous findings about the specialized control provided by miRNAs. For knock-out tests we list the groups of our predicted most and least essential miRNAs. In addition, we provide possible explanations for (i) the low number of individually essential miRNAs in Caenorhabdtits elegans and (ii) the high number of ubiquitous miRNAs influencing cell and tissue-specific miRNA expression patterns in mouse and human.
|
['Animals', 'Caenorhabditis elegans', 'Computational Biology', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'MicroRNAs', 'RNA Interference', 'Sequence Analysis, RNA']
| 19,131,366
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.400.875.660.250.250'], ['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['E05.393.760.710']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Assessment of disease severity and outcome of dietary, antibiotic, and immunosuppressive interventions by use of the canine IBD activity index in 21 dogs with chronic inflammatory bowel disease].
|
Recently, the canine IBD activity index (CIBDAI) was developed for evaluation of the severity of illness, therapeutic strategies, and efficacy of therapy. The aim of the present study was to assess the severity of illness and the therapeutic strategy in dogs with IBD by the use of CIBDAI, serum albumin concentration, and histologic score (HPEG). Furthermore the use of CIBDAI and the efficacy of therapy in a prospective study during a 3 month treatment period were evaluated. Twentyone dogs with inflammatory bowel disease (lymphocytic-plasmacytic enteritis and enterocolitis) were examined in this study. In 11 dogs with IBD the severity of illness was assessed as low, according to CIBDAI and HPEG (CIBDAI score 4 or between 5 and 10 with HPEG score between 1 and 1.5). Six dogs were treated with hypoallergenic diet (Group D), five dogs were treated with hypoallergenic diet and metronidazole (15.6-22,3 mg/kg/day) (Group M). In 10 dogs with IBD the severity of illness was assessed as high (CIBDAI <10, or CIBDAI between 5 and 10 with HPEG score between 2 and 3 or hypoalbuminemia (< or = 2.5 g/dl)). This group (Group I) was treated with immunosuppressive therapy. Treatment consisted of prednisolone (n=10; 0.9-2 mg/kg/day), azathioprine (n=5; 0.9-2.3 mg/kg/day), sulfasalazine (n=4; 18.2-25 mg/kg/day) and hypoallergenic diet (n=10). Efficacy of therapy was evaluated prospectively 3 times in a 12 weeks treatment period. Remission (CIBDAI score < 4) indicated good therapeutic response, chronic or recurrent disease (CIBDAI score persistent or recurrent > or =4) indicated poor therapeutic response. Age, CIBDAI score and HPEG score were significantly different in IBD dogs with low severity of illness (age: median 60 months; CIBDAI score: median 5; HPEG score: median (1) and IBD dogs with high severity of illness (age: median 90 months; CIBDAI score: median 9.5; HPEG score: median 2.25) (p = 0.0101 and p = 0.0099, respectively). The presence of hypoalbuminemia was not significantly different between these two groups (p = 0.3108). There was no significant correlation between CIBDAI score and serum albumin concentration (r = 0.0394; p = 0.0802) or between CIBDAI score and HPEG score (r = 0.2587; p = 0.2574). In the treatment groups, HPEG score was only significantly different between D-group and group I (p < 0.01). The CIBDAI score decreased significantly in group I after 4 weeks of treatment (median 4th week: 3; p < 0.05), and in the D-group after 8 weeks of treatment (median 8" week 1; p < 0.05). No significant decrease of CIBDAI score was seen in the M-group (median 12th week: 1.75; p > 0.05). All dogs in group D, four of five dogs in group M, and six from ten dogs in group I went into remission. Poor therapeutic response (1 dog in group M and 5 dogs in group I; one dog died) was seen in 6 dogs, where as 15 dogs showed good therapeutic response. There was no significant association between efficacy of therapy and age (p = 0.8455), CIBDAI score (p = 0.3293), or serum albumin concentraton (p = 0.8455). Poor therapeutic response was weekly associated with HPEG score > or =2 (p = 0.0635). Using CIBDAI in dogs with IBD as a single parameter to assess the severity of illness and the therapeutic response, misinterpretations are possible. The assessment of the severity of illness by the combination of CIBAI, HPEG, and serum albumin concentration is leading to adaequate therapeutic results. Dogs with low grade IBD benefit from hypoallergenic diet, whereas dogs with high grade IBD benefit from immunosuppressive therapy. The effect of antibiotic treatment is questionable.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Infective Agents', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents', 'Diet', 'Dog Diseases', 'Dogs', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Inflammatory Bowel Diseases', 'Male', 'Metronidazole', 'Prednisone', 'Prospective Studies', 'Remission Induction', 'Serum Albumin', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 17,172,138
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122'], ['D27.505.954.158'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['C22.268'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['E02.319.310'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['C06.405.205.731', 'C06.405.469.432'], ['D02.640.672.500', 'D03.383.129.308.658.500'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.719.702'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E02.860'], ['D12.776.034.841', 'D12.776.124.727'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Wet corn gluten feed as a supplement for lactating dairy cattle and growing heifers.
|
A lactation trial and a heifer growth trial were conducted to evaluate use of wet corn gluten feed by dairy herds. Twelve multiparous and 4 primiparous Holsteins were assigned to 4 x 4 Latin squares blocked according to previous production or parity. Animals received increasing amounts of wet corn gluten feed, up to 36% of ration DM, in place of a dry corn and soybean meal concentrate mixture. Each kilogram of wet corn gluten feed DM replaced .9 kg concentrate DM. Diets were based on ensiled forage with 33% of forage DM from wilted alfalfa silage and the remainder from corn silage. Forage and supplement were fed separately. Milk production, composition, and DM intake were not affected by increased feeding of wet corn gluten feed. Higher producing cows performed well on this feed. Wet corn gluten feed was generally acceptable when fed separately, but two animals refused sizable portions when fed the highest amount. Wet corn gluten feed can be utilized in traditional stall feeding of dairy cattle, and individual feeding should allow better management of this feed resource by limiting the amount offered to cattle that find it unpalatable. Wet corn gluten feed is also an adequate supplement for raising dairy replacements, allowing more rapid utilization of this perishable feed resource by the dairy herd.
|
['Animal Feed', 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Dietary Proteins', 'Female', 'Glutens', 'Lactation', 'Pregnancy', 'Zea mays']
| 3,392,310
|
[['G07.203.300.300.100', 'J02.500.300.100'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D12.776.256', 'G07.203.300.428', 'J02.500.428'], ['D12.776.765.433.500.500', 'D12.776.765.725.500.500'], ['G08.686.523', 'G08.686.702.500'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
BAK1 is required for the attenuation of ethylene-inducing xylanase (Eix)-induced defense responses by the decoy receptor LeEix1.
|
Elicitor recognition plays a key role in the reaction of plants to pathogens and the induction of plant defense responses. Furthermore, plant-microbe interactions involve numerous regulatory systems essential for plant defense against pathogens. Ethylene-inducing xylanase (Eix) is a potent elicitor of plant defense responses in specific cultivars of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). The Eix receptors (LeEix1 and LeEix2) belong to a superclade of leucine-rich repeat receptor-like proteins (RLP) with a signal for receptor-mediated endocytosis, which was shown to be essential for proper induction of defense responses. Both receptors are able to bind Eix, while only LeEix2 mediates defense responses. Here we demonstrate that LeEix1 heterodimerizes with LeEix2 upon application of the Eix elicitor. We show that LeEix1 attenuates Eix-induced internalization and signaling of the LeEix2 receptor. Furthermore, we demonstrate, using yeast two-hybrid and in planta bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays, that the brassinosteroid co-receptor, BAK1, binds LeEix1 but not LeEix2. In BAK1-silenced plants, LeEix1 was no longer able to attenuate plant responses to Eix, indicating that BAK1 is required for this attenuation. We suggest that LeEix1 functions as a decoy receptor for LeEix2, a function which requires BAK1.
|
['Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases', 'Endocytosis', 'Endosomes', 'Ethylenes', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Fungi', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Gene Silencing', 'Green Fluorescent Proteins', 'Host-Pathogen Interactions', 'Immunity, Innate', 'Lycopersicon esculentum', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Plant Diseases', 'Plant Growth Regulators', 'Plant Proteins', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Isoforms', 'Protein Kinases', 'Protein Multimerization', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Proteins', 'Receptors, Cell Surface', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Tobacco', 'Two-Hybrid System Techniques']
| 20,561,260
|
[['D08.811.277.450.950.249'], ['G04.417'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.880.337'], ['D02.455.326.271.367'], ['D12.776.354'], ['B01.300'], ['G05.308.375'], ['G05.308.203.374'], ['D12.776.532.265'], ['G06.462', 'G16.527.200'], ['G12.450.564'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.322'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['G15.610'], ['D27.505.696.377.760'], ['D12.776.765'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776.800'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682'], ['G02.111.694'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700'], ['D12.776'], ['D12.776.543.750'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.900'], ['E05.393.220.870', 'E05.601.690.650', 'E05.601.870']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Anal cytological abnormalities in HIV-infected homosexual men.
|
This study aimed to examine the prevalence of anal cytological abnormalities in groups of HIV-infected and non-infected homosexual men, and to monitor changes with time. Dyskaryosis suggestive of anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) was noted in 24 (30%) of the 80 satisfactory anal smears from 66 HIV-seropositive homosexual men; such changes were found in only 7 (4.7%) of the 149 satisfactory smears from 181 HIV-seronegative homosexual men (P < 0.005), and in none of 34 satisfactory preparations from 51 HIV-seronegative heterosexual men. In the follow-up of 20 HIV-seropositive men, the severity of the cytological abnormalities found in 2 men increased, with the most recent smear showing changes suggestive of AIN III; one of these men subsequently developed anal cancer. Smears from 4 men showed apparent regression in the degree of dyskaryosis. Although the numbers of patients studied were small, there appeared to be a trend towards a more severe degree of dyskaryosis in those men with increasing immunodeficiency. There was no significant difference in the detection of human papillomavirus types 6b, 11, 16 and 18 between HIV-infected and non-infected men.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anal Canal', 'CD4 Lymphocyte Count', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'HIV Infections', 'Homosexuality, Male', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 9,518,013
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A03.556.124.526.070', 'A03.556.249.249.070'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595.500.150', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595.500.150', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595.500.150', 'E05.200.625.107.595.500.150', 'E05.242.195.107.595.500.150', 'G04.140.107.595.500.150', 'G09.188.105.595.500.150'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['F01.145.802.975.500.600', 'G08.686.867.500.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Treprostinil Improves Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension Associated with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia.
|
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of continuous treprostinil in infants with severe pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) on specific markers of pulmonary hypertension severity and to report the safety and tolerability of treprostinil.STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of infants with CDH-associated pulmonary hypertension treated with treprostinil from January 2011 to September 2016. Severity of pulmonary hypertension was assessed by echocardiogram and serum B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) by using time points before initiation and 24 hours, 1 week, and 1 month after treprostinil initiation. Fisher exact tests, Wilcoxon-rank sum tests, and mixed-effects models were used for analysis.RESULTS: Seventeen patients were treated with treprostinil for a median of 54.5 days (IQR 44.3-110 days). Compared with the concurrent CDH population (n = 147), infants treated with treprostinil were more likely to require extracorporeal support (76.5% vs 25.2%, P < .0001), to have a longer hospital stay (144 vs 60 days, P < .0001), and to need longer mechanical ventilator support (76.5 vs 30.9 days, P < .0001). Following treprostinil initiation, there was a significant reduction in BNP at 1 week (1439 vs 393 pg/mL, P < .01) and 1 month (1439 vs 242 pg/mL, P = .01). Severity of pulmonary hypertension by echocardiogram improved at 1 month (OR 0.14, CI 95% 0.04-0.48, P = .002). Despite these improvements, overall mortality remained high (35%). There were no adverse events related to treprostinil, including no hypotension, hypoxia, or thrombocytopenia.CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort, treprostinil use was associated with improved severity of pulmonary hypertension assessed by echocardiogram and decreased BNP, with no significant side effects.
|
['Antihypertensive Agents', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Epoprostenol', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Pulmonary', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Pulmonary Wedge Pressure', 'Registries', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 29,784,517
|
[['D27.505.954.411.162'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.550.500', 'D23.469.050.175.725.550.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C16.131.433', 'C23.300.707.960.500.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381.423', 'C14.907.489.556'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['G09.330.380.076.695'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The effects of ultrasonic and electrosurgery devices on nerve physiology.
|
BACKGROUND: While the risks associated with the use of electrosurgery near nerves are well known, few studies have examined the neurophysiologic effects of application of the Harmonic Blade, an ultrasonic scalpel, in the vicinity of nerve fibres. This study sought to compare the sub-acute neurophysiologic effects of the Harmonic Blade and electrosurgery after incisions close to the sciatic nerve.METHODS: Incisions were made in rats with the Harmonic Blade and electrosurgery at distances of 1, 2, 3 and 4 mm from the sciatic nerve. Sham surgery was also performed. The compound action potential, conduction velocity and calibrated nylon filament (von Frey hair, VFH) stimulating force were monitored for up to 3 hours after surgery. The sciatic nerve was assessed for inflammation via H&E staining and impaired axonal transport by â-APP immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Electrosurgery incisions produced a significantly greater decrease in compound action potential and conduction velocity, and increase in the VFH force than the Harmonic Blade over all time points and distances from the sciatic nerve. The Harmonic Blade was similar to sham surgery for the compound action potential and VFH force. Electrosurgery yielded significantly greater leukocyte infiltration than the Harmonic Blade and produced the highest levels of â-APP immunoreactive swellings.CONCLUSIONS: Incisions with electrosurgery in the range of 1-4 mm of the sciatic nerve caused substantial changes in neurophysiologic functioning and inflammation. In contrast, the Harmonic Blade was similar to sham surgery in the vicinity of the nerve, producing little observable acute trauma.
|
['Animals', 'Electrosurgery', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Sciatic Nerve', 'Ultrasonic Surgical Procedures']
| 22,742,665
|
[['B01.050'], ['E04.262'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['A08.800.800.720.450.760'], ['E04.943']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Healthcare costs and loss of productivity in patients with trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis.
|
The objective of this study was to analyse healthcare and productivity costs in patients with trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis. We included 161 patients who received surgery or steroid injection and calculated their healthcare costs in Euro (€) over 1 year. Patients filled out the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire to assess loss of productivity at baseline, and after 3, and 12 months. In the surgical group, loss of productivity among employed patients first increased and then decreased (50%, 64%, and 25% at 0, 3, and 12 months). Productivity was more stable over time in the injection group (52%, 38%, and 48%). In the surgical group, estimated total annual healthcare and productivity costs were €5770 and €5548, respectively. In the injection group, healthcare and productivity costs were €348 and €3503. These findings highlight the need for assessing productivity costs to get a comprehensive view of the costs associated with a treatment.Level of Evidence III.
|
['Absenteeism', 'Cohort Studies', 'Costs and Cost Analysis', 'Efficiency, Organizational', 'Employment', 'Europe', 'Female', 'Finger Joint', 'Glucocorticoids', 'Humans', 'Injections, Intra-Articular', 'Male', 'Metacarpal Bones', 'Middle Aged', 'Orthopedic Procedures', 'Osteoarthritis', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Thumb', 'Trapezium Bone']
| 25,646,143
|
[['F02.784.692.107'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['N03.219.151'], ['N04.452.209.500'], ['N01.824.245'], ['Z01.542'], ['A02.835.583.405.350'], ['D06.472.040.543', 'D27.505.696.399.472.488'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.380'], ['A02.835.232.087.319.550'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.718', 'E04.555'], ['C05.550.114.606', 'C05.799.613'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['A01.378.800.667.430.705'], ['A02.835.232.087.319.150.800']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
BMP-2-releasing gelatin microspheres/PLGA scaffolds for bone repairment of X-ray-radiated rabbit radius defects.
|
The purpose of this research is to assess the feasibility of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) incorporating gelatin microspheres (PLGA/GMs scaffold) for enhancing osteogenesis in vitro and at a radius defect of rabbits after X-ray radiation in vivo. After incorporating gelatin microspheres, PLGA scaffold demonstrated improved mechanical properties. Moreover, a sustained release property of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) was achieved in BMP-2-releasing PLGA/GMs scaffold. BMP-2-releasing PLGA/GMs scaffold also enhanced proliferation and osteogenesis of rabbit bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro, indicating the bioactivity of BMP-2. After finishing X-ray radiation of the radius bone, 20-mm radius bone defects were generated, followed by being implanted with BMP-2-releasing PLGA/GMs scaffolds with or without bone marrow. Both PLGA/GMs scaffolds containing bone marrow or BMP-2 showed more obvious enhancement for bone regeneration than the empty scaffolds (control) at the radius defect. In the X-ray radiated groups, however, the bone regeneration was inhibited either with bone marrow or BMP-2. When combined with bone marrow, the BMP-2 showed significantly high osteogenic effect, regardless of X-ray radiation. It is considered that it is a promising way to repair bone defects even after X-ray radiation by a combination of bone marrow with the BMP-2-releasing PLGA/GMs scaffold.
|
['Animals', 'Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Drug Carriers', 'Gelatin', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Microspheres', 'Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer', 'Rabbits', 'Radius', 'Tissue Scaffolds', 'X-Rays']
| 31,032,645
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.644.276.954.200.200', 'D12.776.467.942.200.200', 'D23.529.942.200.200'], ['G04.152'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['D26.255.260', 'E02.319.300.380'], ['D12.776.860.476'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E07.565'], ['D02.241.511.459.450.500', 'D05.750.728.780.500', 'D25.720.728.780.500', 'J01.637.051.720.728.780.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['A02.835.232.087.090.700'], ['E07.206.627', 'E07.695.825'], ['G01.358.500.505.970', 'G01.750.250.970', 'G01.750.750.918']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Initial phase I safety of retrovirally transduced human chondrocytes expressing transforming growth factor-beta-1 in degenerative arthritis patients.
|
UNLABELLED: BACKGROUND AIMS. TissueGene-C (TG-C) represents a cell-mediated gene therapy for localized delivery of allogeneic chondrocytes expressing transforming growth factor (TGF)-â1 directly to the damaged knee joint. Untransduced human chondrocytes (hChonJ cells) have also been incorporated into the TG-C product at a 3:1 ratio with TGF-â1-expressing chondrocytes (hChonJb#7) in order to help fill in the defect and as target cells for the actions of the expressed TGF-â1.METHODS: A phase I dose-escalating clinical trial was performed to evaluate the safety and biologic activity of TG-C in patients with advanced osteoarthritis of the knee joint (full thickness cartilage defect) that was refractory to existing non-operative therapies. Following a single intra-articular injection into the joint space of the damaged knee, patients were monitored for safety, and an evaluation was performed to assess the pharmacokinetics and biologic activity of TG-C.RESULTS: There were no treatment-related serious adverse events. Swelling, effusion and minor localized reactions such as warming sensation or itching were observed in a dose-dependent manner at the injection site. Knee evaluation scores seemed to indicate a dose-dependent trend toward efficacy; however, patient numbers were not sufficient to determine statistical significance.CONCLUSIONS: Overall, there were no significant safety issues related to the administration of TG-C, with only some minor injection site reactions observed. Additionally, knee scoring analyzes indicated a possibility that TG-C may contribute to improvement of arthritic symptoms. More study is warranted to evaluate further the safety and determine the potential efficacy of TG-C.
|
['Aged', 'Cartilage', 'Chondrocytes', 'Female', 'Genetic Therapy', 'Humans', 'Injections, Intra-Articular', 'Knee Injuries', 'Knee Joint', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Safety', 'Regeneration', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta1']
| 22,242,865
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['A02.165', 'A10.165.382'], ['A11.329.171'], ['E02.095.301', 'E05.393.420.301'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.380'], ['C26.558.554'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N06.850.135.060.075.399'], ['G16.762'], ['D12.644.276.374.687.100', 'D12.644.276.954.775.100', 'D12.776.467.374.687.100', 'D12.776.467.942.775.100', 'D23.529.374.687.100', 'D23.529.942.775.100']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Fluorescence of catechol amines and related compounds condensed with formaldehyde.
|
The reaction under mild conditions between formaldehyde and phenylalanine and phenylethylamine derivatives has been studied. When the amines included in a dried protein film were exposed to formaldehyde vapour a very intense green to yellow fluorescence was given only by those that as well as being primary amines also have hydroxyl groups at the 3 and 4 positions (3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, dopamine, noradrenaline). The 3-OH group seems to be essential for the reaction. The catechol amines, which are secondary amines (adrenaline, epinine), gave a much weaker fluorescence that developed more slowly. The results obtained on further examination of the reaction favour the view that the amines primarily condense with formaldehyde to 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines which are involved in a secondary reaction to become highly fluorescent and at the same time insoluble. This secondary reaction may be a binding to protein, an oxidation with the formation of double bonds in the heterocyclic ring, or both.
|
['Catecholamines', 'Dopamine', 'Epinephrine', 'Fixatives', 'Formaldehyde', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Norepinephrine', 'Temperature']
| 7,172,023
|
[['D02.092.311', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175'], ['D02.092.211.215.406', 'D02.092.311.342', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342'], ['D02.033.100.291.310', 'D02.092.063.291.310', 'D02.092.211.215.454', 'D02.092.311.461', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.461'], ['D27.720.355'], ['D02.047.407'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['D02.033.100.291.502', 'D02.092.063.480', 'D02.092.211.215.746', 'D02.092.311.830', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.830'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Time estimation and reproduction is abnormal in Parkinson's disease.
|
We compared the performance of 44 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), tested 12-24 h after withdrawal of dopaminergic medication, with 20 age-matched controls, on a verbal test for time estimation and in several time reproduction tasks. Patients with PD underestimated the duration of a time interval in the verbal time estimation task and showed overproduction of time intervals when required to reproduce a short time sample. Absolute errors were greater in the reproduction of longer time intervals in both control and PD patients, but especially in the latter. The presentation of time markers at faster rates had a detrimental effect on the performance of the patients but not of the controls. Patients with more severe PD performed worse on the time estimation and reproduction tasks compared with those with milder disease. Administration of levodopa-carbidopa (205/25 mg, p.o.) significantly reduced absolute errors in time estimation and reproduction in conditions where time markers were presented at the two faster rates of 5 Hz and 3.3 Hz. Performance in these two latter tests best discriminated patients and controls and had a positive significant association with simple reaction time and movement time. These results lead us to suggest that time estimation, i.e. the 'internal clock', is abnormally slow in PD.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Levodopa', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Motor Activity', 'Movement', 'Parkinson Disease', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Time Perception']
| 1,559,155
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.092.311.200.480', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.200.480', 'D12.125.072.050.685.400.500', 'D12.125.072.050.875.130.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['C10.228.140.079.862.500', 'C10.228.662.600.400', 'C10.574.928.750'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['F02.463.593.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of inter- and intramolecular primary structure homologies of interferons by a Monte Carlo method.
|
Using Sellers TT algorithm, primary structure repeats have been described for interferon (IFN)-alpha, -beta 1, and gamma. To reevaluate these results and to extend them to IFN-beta 2 (interleukin-6), a modified algorithm was developed that uses a metric to define the "best" partial homology of two peptide sequences and to compare it to those detected in random permutations of the peptide. Using this approach, the known structural homologies of IFN-alpha with IFN-beta 1 and of human (Hu) IFN-gamma with murine (Mu) IFN-gamma were identified correctly. However, the primary structure repeats in the amino acid sequences of IFN-alpha, -beta 1, and -gamma turned out to be no better than those detectable in random permutations of these sequences. These results were confirmed using a different, nonlinear metric. A previously used approach to demonstrate significance was shown to produce false-positive results. No significant primary structure homologies were detected among IFN-beta 1, -beta 2, and -gamma. In contrast to the amino acid sequence analysis, the DNA sequence of HuIFN-beta 1 contained a significant repeat that had no significant counterpart in MuIFN-beta or in IFN-alpha. In conclusion, some previously reported results obtained with Sellers TT algorithm on amino acid sequences are easily explained as random similarities, and it is therefore strongly recommended that a method like ours should be used to control significance.
|
['Algorithms', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'DNA', 'Humans', 'Interferons', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Monte Carlo Method', 'Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid', 'Species Specificity']
| 1,691,767
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D13.444.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440', 'D12.776.467.374.440', 'D23.529.374.440'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.318.740.525', 'L01.906.394.422', 'N05.715.360.750.540', 'N06.850.520.830.525'], ['G02.111.570.080.708', 'G05.360.080.708'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Codman Award paper--the experience of intensive care unit nurses providing care to the brain dead patient.
|
The brain dead patient is a by-product of advances in biomedical technology and the findings of this study confirm the view in the literature that caring for the brain dead patient is an emotionally laden process. This personal distress is directly related to two sources of inconsistencies. First, the nurse may possess coexisting beliefs, perceptions, values, opinions, knowledge and actions which are discrepant. Second, the nurse's personal values, knowledge, and behaviours may be in direct opposition to those of her nursing and medical colleagues and those of the family. The presence of the subjective tension results in the use of distancing tactics and/or the designation of a third person as the target of nursing care in an effort to reduce the personal and interpersonal dissonance.
|
['Adult', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Brain Death', 'Cognitive Dissonance', 'Critical Care', 'Female', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Interview, Psychological', 'Nursing Staff, Hospital', 'Stress, Psychological']
| 2,207,024
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['C10.228.140.151', 'C10.597.606.358.800.200.100', 'C23.550.260.159'], ['F02.463.188.305'], ['E02.760.190', 'N02.421.585.190'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.669.599'], ['M01.526.485.680.490', 'M01.526.485.740.523', 'N02.360.680.490', 'N02.360.740.523'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Pharmacoeconomic analysis of sequential treatment pathways in the treatment of onychomycosis.
|
This study examines the budgetary effect of using ciclopirox, itraconazole (pulse treatment), terbinafine, or itraconazole (continuous treatment) as first-, second-, or third-line therapy in the treatment of toenail onychomycosis by determining which therapeutic sequence is most cost effective. Using a disease treatment pathway model, alternative agents were compared based on cost per clinical response. The results from this sequential treatment analysis demonstrated that ciclopirox followed by itraconazole pulse and then terbinafine provides the lowest-cost approach to the treatment of onychomycosis (dollar 757.89 per clinical response), followed by the sequence of ciclopirox, terbinafine, and itraconazole pulse (dollar 796.13 per clinical response). This study provides a framework for formulary decision makers to evaluate a sequential treatment pathway that resembles actual practice.
|
['Antifungal Agents', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Economics, Pharmaceutical', 'Humans', 'Onychomycosis', 'United States']
| 15,682,633
|
[['D27.505.954.122.136'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['N03.219.390'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.150.703.302.720.550', 'C01.800.200.720.550', 'C17.800.529.550', 'C17.800.838.208.883.458'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Effects of valproate derivatives I. Antiepileptic efficacy of amides, structural analogs and esters.
|
Derivatives of the antiepileptic drug valproate (VPA, 2-propylpentanoic acid) have been synthesized and tested in order to improve the intracellular availability of VPA. The buccal ganglia of Helix pomatia were used as a test nervous system and antiepileptic efficacies were reconfirmed using rat cortex in vivo. Epileptiform activities consisted of typical paroxysmal depolarization shifts (PDS) which appeared in the identified neuron B3 with application of pentylenetetrazol. Epileptiform activities were found to be accelerated, unaffected or blocked. (i) The Amide-derivatives 2-propylpentanamide and N,N-dipropyl-2-propylpentanamide, and short chain ester derivatives 1-O-(2-propylpentanoyl)-2,3-propandiol, 2,2-di(hydroxymethyl)-1-O-(2-propylpentanoyl)-1,3-propanediol and 2,2-di(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-di-O-(2-propylpentanoyl)-1,3-propanediol accelerated epileptiform activities. Membrane potential often shifted to a permanent depolarization which corresponded to the PDS-inactivation level. (ii) The structural analogs 1-cycloheptene-1-carboxylic acid and cyclooctanecarboxylic acid accelerated epileptiform activities only slightly or were without effects. (iii) The small VPA-ester, 2-propylpentanoic acid ethyl ester, decreased the epileptiform activities in a way that is comparable to the effects of VPA well known from previous studies. It thus could be thought as a VPA-pro-drug. (iv) The mannitol-esters 1-O-(2-propylpentanoyl)-D-mannitol and 3,4;5,6-Di-O-isopropylidene-1-O-(2-propylpentanoyl)-D-mannitol blocked the PDS in a way which is different from the known effects of VPA. These substances are interpreted not to exert their effects after being metabolized to VPA and thus they are thought to be new antiepileptic substances.
|
['Amides', 'Animals', 'Anticonvulsants', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Esters', 'Helix, Snails', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Valproic Acid']
| 10,670,421
|
[['D02.065'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.427.080'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D02.241.400'], ['B01.050.500.644.400.750.450'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['D02.241.081.944.509.900', 'D10.251.400.895.593.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Expression of nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity in the human female intramural striated urethral sphincter.
|
PURPOSE: While we have recently detected neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) immunoreactivity in a heterogeneous population of human male urethral striated muscle, to our knowledge the association of nNOS in the female counterpart is unknown. We investigated the association of nNOS with female urethral striated muscle and re-investigated muscle fiber types.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cryostat sections were taken from the middle third of 4 human female urethras. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase histochemistry and nNOS immunohistochemistry were performed. Muscle fiber types were identified by myofibrillar adenosine triphosphatase histochemistry and fast twitch troponin T immunohistochemistry. The association between nNOS immunoreactivity and muscle fiber type was analyzed.RESULTS: Positive staining for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase histochemistry and nNOS immunoreactivity were recognized in the sarcolemma of 43.9% of female urethral striated muscle fibers. Immunoreactivity for fast twitch troponin T immunohistochemistry was demonstrated by 2% of the striated fibers. The use of myofibrillar adenosine triphosphatase showed that all fibers darkly stained uniformly at a pH of 9.6, 4.6 and 4.3, suggesting that they were myofibrillar intermediate muscle fibers. The results allowed the differentiation of 2 subgroups of fibers, namely smaller fibers (modal diameter 10.1 to 15.0 microm.) without nNOS immunoreactivity and larger fibers (modal diameter 15.1 to 20.0 microm.) with nNOS immunoreactivity.CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge female urethral striated muscle has for the first time been found to consist of myofibrillar intermediate fibers and nNOS was positively localized in the sarcolemma of a subgroup of the fibers. This study provides a basis for further investigation into female urethral striated sphincter function and changes in pathological conditions.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphatases', 'Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscle Fibers, Skeletal', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'NADP', 'NADPH Dehydrogenase', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I', 'Troponin T', 'Urethra']
| 12,771,807
|
[['D08.811.277.040.025'], ['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A10.690.552.500.500', 'A11.620.249'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.749', 'D08.211.625', 'D13.695.667.138.749', 'D13.695.827.068.749'], ['D08.811.682.608.550'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772.249'], ['D05.500.945.962', 'D05.750.078.730.825.962', 'D12.776.210.500.910.962', 'D12.776.220.525.825.962'], ['A05.360.444.492.726', 'A05.810.876']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Paradoxical hyperalgesia induced by mu-opioid receptor agonist endomorphin-2, but not endomorphin-1, microinjected into the centromedial amygdala of the rat.
|
The effects of endomorphin-2 or endomorphin-1 microinjected into the centromedial amygdala on the thermally-induced tail-flick response were studied in male CD rats. Microinjection of endomorphin-2 (8.7-35.0 nmol) given into the centromedial amygdala time- and dose-dependently decreased the tail-flick latencies. On the other hand, endomorphin-1 (8-32.6 nmol) given into the same site did not cause any change of the tail-flick latency. However, endomorphin-1 (32.6 nmol) or endomorphin-2 (35.0 nmol) given into the basolateral site of amygdala did not affect the tail-flick latency. Pretreatment with the antiserum against dynorphin A(1-17) (200 microg) significantly reversed the decrease of the tail-flick latency induced by endomorphin-2. The decrease of the tail-flick latency induced by endomorphin-2 was also blocked by the endomorphin-2 selective micro-opioid receptor antagonist 3-methoxynaltrexone (6.4 pmol) and by the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist MK-801 (30 nmol), but not by the kappa-opioid receptor antagonist nor-binaltorphimine (6.6 nmol). It is concluded that endomorphin-2, but not endomorphin-1, given into the centromedial amygdala stimulates a 3-methoxynaltrexone-sensitive mu-opioid receptor subtype to induce the release of dynorphin A(1-17), which then acts on the NMDA receptor, but not kappa-opioid receptor for producing hyperalgesia. This conclusion is further supported by the additional findings that dynorphin A(1-17) (2.3 nmol) given into the centromedial amygdala also caused the decrease of the tail-flick latency, which was similarly blocked by the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 (30 nmol), but not kappa-opioid receptor antagonist nor-binaltorphimine (6.6 nmol).
|
['Amygdala', 'Analgesics, Opioid', 'Animals', 'Dizocilpine Maleate', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Dynorphins', 'Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists', 'Hyperalgesia', 'Immune Sera', 'Male', 'Microinjections', 'Naltrexone', 'Narcotic Antagonists', 'Oligopeptides', 'Pain Measurement', 'Rabbits', 'Rats', 'Receptors, Opioid, mu', 'Time Factors']
| 17,112,504
|
[['A08.186.211.180.090', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.152'], ['D27.505.696.277.600.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.760.500', 'D27.505.954.427.040.550.500', 'D27.505.954.427.210.600.500'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.181.384.380', 'D04.615.181.384.380'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D12.644.400.575.180', 'D12.776.631.650.575.180'], ['D27.505.519.625.190.300', 'D27.505.696.577.190.300'], ['C10.597.751.791.400', 'C23.888.592.763.770.400'], ['A12.207.152.846.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.114.573', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.573', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.573', 'D20.215.401'], ['E02.319.267.530.690', 'E05.591.570'], ['D03.132.577.249.706.550', 'D03.605.497.750.550', 'D03.633.400.686.750.550', 'D04.615.723.795.706.550'], ['D27.505.696.543', 'D27.505.696.663.850.512', 'D27.505.954.427.550'], ['D12.644.456'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.620.550', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.610.550', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.610.550'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Anti-tumor activity of the combination of cetuximab, an anti-EGFR blocking monoclonal antibody and ZD6474, an inhibitor of VEGFR and EGFR tyrosine kinases.
|
PURPOSE: The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) autocrine pathway plays an important role in cancer cell growth. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) is a key regulator of tumor-induced endothelial cell proliferation and vascular permeability. ZD6474 is an orally available, small molecule inhibitor of VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), EGFR and RET tyrosine kinase activity. We investigated the activity of ZD6474 in combination with cetuximab, an anti-EGFR blocking monoclonal antibody, to determine the anti-tumor activity of EGFR blockade through the combined use of two agents targeting the receptor at different molecular sites in cancer cells and of VEGFR-2 blockade in endothelial cells.EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: The anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo of ZD6474 and/or cetuximab was tested in human cancer cell lines with a functional EGFR autocrine pathway.RESULTS: The combination of ZD6474 and cetuximab determined synergistic growth inhibition in all cancer cell lines tested as assessed by the Chou and Talalay method. In nude mice bearing established human colon carcinoma (GEO) or lung adenocarcinoma (A549) xenografts and treated with ZD6474 and/or cetuximab for 4 weeks, a reversible tumor growth inhibition was caused by each drug. In contrast, a more significant tumor growth delay resulted from the combination of the two agents with an approximately 100-110 days increase in mice median overall survival as compared to single agent treatment.CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a rationale for evaluating in a clinical setting the double blockade of EGFR in combination with inhibition of VEGFR-2 signaling as cancer therapy.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cetuximab', 'Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'ErbB Receptors', 'Female', 'Gefitinib', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Mice, Nude', 'Piperidines', 'Quinazolines', 'Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor', 'Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays']
| 16,688,779
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060.750', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060.750', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200.750'], ['E05.290.750', 'E05.337.550'], ['E02.319.310'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074'], ['D03.633.100.786.469'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['D03.383.621'], ['D03.633.100.786'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.950', 'D12.776.543.750.630.750', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.910'], ['E05.337.550.200.900', 'E05.624.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Decreased dorsal raphe nucleus neuronal activity in adult chloral hydrate anesthetized rats following neonatal clomipramine treatment: implications for endogenous depression.
|
Although the biological cause of endogenous depression is unknown, one commonly held hypothesis proposes that depression results, in part, from decreased central serotonin (5-HT) neurotransmission. Previous research found that clomipramine (CLI) treatment of neonatal rats produced, in adult rats, a variety of behavioral and physiological dysfunctions resembling those found in human endogenous depression. It was later reported that adult CLI-treated rats exhibited a decreased discharge of 5-HT neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) compared with control rats. This finding, however, was not replicated in subsequent studies that detected differences in DRN receptor function. Several factors were identified that may have contributed to the inability of the latter studies to detect CLI vs. control differences in DRN firing rates and interspike interval histograms (ISIH). Among these were the anesthetic used, the age at which the adult rats were tested, and the location of the recording electrode. The present study controlled these variables by using chloral hydrate anesthesia, testing 'depressed' rats at both 2 and 3 months of age, and verifying electrode location using standard histological techniques. We found that DRN unit firing in 'depressed' rats (0.417 +/- 0.071 spikes/s) was less than half that of 'non-depressed' control rats (i.e. neonatal saline treatment 0.968 +/- 0.12 spikes/s). Additionally, ISIH's indicated that, in addition to the lower firing rate of 5-HT DRN neurons, adult CLI rats had an altered temporal discharge pattern of these neurons. Thus, the ISIH of 5-HT DRN neurons recorded from CLI rats was characterized by a flat distribution suggesting random temporal firing patterns. These results confirm previous findings of decreased DRN firing rates and flat ISIH's in 'depressed' rats and extend previous findings to younger rats of a different strain. The results thereby lend support to the hypothesis of a role for decreased central 5-HT as a substrate for the behavioral deficiencies observed in endogenous depression and suggest that these deficiencies may also result, in part, from a random, rather than orderly, temporal pattern of discharge in these neurons.
|
['Anesthesia', 'Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic', 'Chloral Hydrate', 'Clomipramine', 'Depression', 'Electrophysiology', 'Male', 'Neurons', 'Raphe Nuclei', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Sodium Chloride']
| 9,187,315
|
[['E03.155'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['D27.505.954.427.700.122.055'], ['D02.033.455.250.130'], ['D03.633.300.240.194'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['A08.186.211.132.659.413.875.618', 'A08.186.211.132.810.428.600.650.562', 'A08.186.211.132.810.591.500.662'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Synthesis of 3H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]isoquinolines and thieno[3,2-c]isoquinolines via cascade imination/intramolecular decarboxylative coupling.
|
A general approach for the synthesis of 3H-pyrazolo[3,4-c]isoquinolines and thieno[3,2-c]isoquinolines is described involving the implementation of a cascade imination/intramolecular decarboxylative coupling between potassium 2-amino(hetero)benzoates and 2-haloarylaldehydes. The reactions of pyrazole-based substrates require a Pd-Cu bimetallic system for superior yields whereas the thienyl-based substrates afford the products in excellent yields with a Pd-catalyst only.
|
['Aldehydes', 'Carboxylic Acids', 'Catalysis', 'Copper', 'Imines', 'Isoquinolines', 'Molecular Structure', 'Palladium', 'Pyrazoles']
| 24,047,440
|
[['D02.047'], ['D02.241'], ['G02.130'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['D02.491'], ['D03.633.100.531'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D01.268.556.680', 'D01.268.956.718', 'D01.552.544.680'], ['D03.383.129.539']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Acoustic transfer characteristics in human middle ears studied by a SQUID magnetometer method.
|
The middle-ear transfer characteristics for sound in 14 human temporal bones were determined using a SQUID magnetometer method. With this method, the cochlea and middle ear remain intact. Postmortem changes were studied using a guinea pig. The mass-loading effects of the applied magnets were determined and were found to be negligible. The mean umbo displacement was equal to the mean of six other studies. Lever ratios varied between the individual temporal bones and as a function of frequency.
|
['Acoustic Stimulation', 'Aged', 'Animals', 'Ear, Middle', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Hearing', 'Humans', 'Magnetics', 'Methods', 'Middle Aged', 'Postmortem Changes', 'Temporal Bone']
| 3,693,706
|
[['E02.037', 'E02.190.888.030', 'E05.723.136'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050'], ['A09.246.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['F02.830.816.263', 'G07.888.500', 'G11.561.790.263'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H01.671.493'], ['E05.581'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.260.224.617'], ['A02.835.232.781.885']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The tomato Dwarf gene isolated by heterologous transposon tagging encodes the first member of a new cytochrome P450 family.
|
To transposon tag the tomato Dwarf (D) gene, a tomato line that carries a T-DNA containing a maize Activator (Ac) transposable element closely linked to D was pollinated with a stock homozygous for the d mutation. Hybrid seedlings were screened for dwarf progeny, and three independent dwarf lines were obtained. Two of these lines showed inheritance of a recessive phenotype similar to that conferred by the extreme dwarf (dx) allele. Variegation for the dwarf phenotype in one of these lines suggested that D had been tagged by Ac. Genomic DNA adjacent to Ac in these two lines was isolated by use of the inverse polymerase chain reaction, and the two insertions mapped approximately 2 kb apart. Partial complementation of d was observed when the corresponding wild-type sequence was used in transformation experiments. A cDNA clone of D was sequenced, and the predicted amino acid sequence has homology to cytochrome P450 enzymes.
|
['Alleles', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Conserved Sequence', 'Crosses, Genetic', 'Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System', 'DNA Primers', 'DNA Transposable Elements', 'DNA, Complementary', 'DNA, Plant', 'Genes, Plant', 'Genes, Recessive', 'Lycopersicon esculentum', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Multigene Family', 'Mutagenesis, Insertional', 'Phenotype', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Restriction Mapping', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Zea mays']
| 8,672,892
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.570.580'], ['E05.393.281'], ['D08.244.453', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170', 'D12.776.422.220.453'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D13.444.308.520', 'G02.111.570.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.340.024.425.200'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['D13.444.308.435'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.393', 'G05.360.340.365.500'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.415', 'G05.420.325'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.322'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['E05.393.420.601.550', 'G05.365.590.575', 'G05.558.550'], ['G05.695'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['E05.393.183.620.650', 'E05.393.712'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The influence on the secretory IgA antibody levels in lactating women of oral typhoid and parenteral cholera vaccines given alone or in combination.
|
41 lactating Pakistani women were vaccinated orally with Salmonella typhi vaccine alone or in combination with parenteral Vibrio cholerae whole cell vaccine, in order to study the possible difference in the secretory response after live and inactivated vaccines. The antibody response in saliva, milk and serum was recorded using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA. All had prevaccination antibody levels against the 2 vaccines. The live S. typhi vaccine gave a serum IgG and IgA response but did not influence the IgM levels. Salivary or milk secretory IgA (SIgA) antibody levels showed both increases and decreases but in most cases remained unchanged. Even if the vaccine was given in enteric coated capsules, the milk and salivary SIgA response was more often decreased than increased, although somewhat higher serum IgG levels were attained with this preparation. Parenteral cholera vaccination enhanced both serum and SIgA milk antibody response. Combination of the 2 vaccines did not have any untoward effect on the antibody response in serum or in secretions against V. cholerae or S. typhi LPS. The results show that an oral vaccine often induces a rather poor, or even negative mucosal antibody response, while a parenteral vaccine provokes a substantial SIgA response in individuals orally primed by natural exposure. This is in agreement with our previous findings with oral and parenteral poliovirus vaccines in this population.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Cholera Vaccines', 'Drug Interactions', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin A, Secretory', 'Injections', 'Milk, Human', 'Pregnancy', 'Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines', 'Vaccines, Attenuated']
| 2,587,944
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['D20.215.894.135.225'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.026.030', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.026.030', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.026.030'], ['E02.319.267.530'], ['A12.200.467', 'A12.790.500', 'G07.203.100.700.500', 'G07.203.300.350.525.500', 'J02.200.700.500', 'J02.500.350.525.500'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D20.215.894.135.685.910'], ['D20.215.894.811']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Emotional intelligence vs. health behaviour in selected groups in late adulthood.
|
INTRODUCTION: The study deals with the relationship between the emotional intelligence of people in late adulthood and their health behaviour not described in the earlier literature on this subject. The objective of the research was to study the impact of emotional abilities on positive mental attitude, preventive behaviour, correct dietary habits and pro-health practice in selected older persons.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The inventory of Pro-Health Behaviour (IZZ) by Juczy?ski Z was applied, together with the Polish adaptation of the INTE Questionnaire of Emotional Intelligence by Ciechanowicz A, Jaworowska A and Matczak A. A total of 199 people were examined. Two groups were taken into consideration: residents of care homes (DPS group) and attendees of the Third Age University (UTW group).RESULTS: Analyses of results showed statistically significant relationships between the variables: emotional intelligence and the individual categories of pro-health behaviour. This correlation had a positive nature: an increase in the intensity of emotional abilities, including the awareness of such abilities, led to the increase of health-care oriented behaviours. The division into DPS and UTW groups proved to be significant for the relationships between emotional intelligence, a positive mental attitude, and correct dietary habits.CONCLUSIONS: The result of the study show that pro-health activities are directly associated with the abilities to understand and to control the emotions of older people. The data obtained confirm the positive relationship between the high level of emotional intelligence and pro-health behaviour.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Emotional Intelligence', 'Female', 'Health Behavior', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Poland']
| 26,094,535
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['F01.752.543.500'], ['F01.145.488'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.542.248.679']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Aichi Cancer Center 10-year experience with conservative breast treatment of early breast cancer: retrospective analysis regarding failure patterns and factors influencing local control.
|
PURPOSE: We analyzed the clinical results of conservative breast therapy in our institute to determine the risk factors influencing local and distant disease recurrence.METHODS AND MATERIALS: From 1989 to 1997, 301 breasts of 295 women with early breast cancer were treated with conservative surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy. There were 212 incidences of Stage I breast cancer, and 89 of Stage II. Patients were routinely treated with local resection, axillar dissection, and 46--50 Gy irradiation given in 23--25 fractions. Some also received a radiation boost to the tumor bed.RESULTS: The 5-/8-year overall survival, disease-free survival, and local control rates were 93.2/91.5%, 86.0/80.6%, and 95.1/92.5%, respectively. Using both univariate and multivariate analyses, tumor volume, estrogen receptor status, and age < 40 years were significant prognostic factors for disease-free survival. Both age < 40 years and surgical method had a strong effect on local control by uni- and multivariate analysis. Surgical margin status was a significant prognostic factor for local control at the univariate level (p < 0.0001), though it had only borderline significance at the multivariate level (p = 0.08). No patient experienced severe morbidity due to radiotherapy.CONCLUSION: The results obtained are comparable to previously reported data. Although the follow-up period was too short to draw definite conclusions about long-term outcomes, the outcome from conservative breast treatment was acceptable.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Carcinoma in Situ', 'Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymph Node Excision', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Neoplasm, Residual', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Recurrence', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Failure']
| 11,286,839
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['C04.557.470.200.240'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.232.500', 'C04.557.470.615.132.500', 'C04.588.180.390', 'C17.800.090.500.390'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.446'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.625'], ['C04.697.700', 'C23.550.727.700'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800.760', 'N04.761.559.590.800.760', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.760']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Norepinephrine transporter function and autonomic control of metabolism.
|
Genetic variability, numerous medications, and some illicit drugs influence norepinephrine transporter (NET) function; however, the metabolic consequences of NET inhibition are poorly understood. We performed a randomized, double-blind, cross-over trial in 15 healthy subjects who ingested 8 mg of the selective NET inhibitor reboxetine or placebo. Energy expenditure and substrate oxidation rates were determined by indirect calorimetry before and during iv infusion of 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 micro g isoproterenol/min. Adipose tissue metabolism was studied by microdialysis before and during local isoproterenol perfusion. At rest, energy expenditure and substrate oxidation rates did not differ between reboxetine and placebo treatment. At 1 micro g/min isoproterenol, energy expenditure was significantly increased in men (+15%) and women (+20%) with both reboxetine and placebo treatment. However, carbohydrate oxidation rate was significantly higher with reboxetine compared with placebo. Baseline and isoproterenol-stimulated adipose tissue blood flow was about 2-fold higher with reboxetine vs. placebo. Furthermore, glucose supply and metabolism was significantly increased and lipid mobilization much more stimulated in adipose tissue under reboxetine when compared with placebo at all isoproterenol concentrations used. We conclude that acute NET inhibition increases adipose tissue glucose uptake and metabolism. While lipid mobilization is increased, overall lipid oxidation is decreased during beta-adrenergic stimulation. This effect cannot be explained by increased systemic or adipose tissue norepinephrine concentrations. Instead, NET inhibition may sensitize adipose tissue to beta-adrenergic stimulation.
|
['Adipose Tissue', 'Adrenergic beta-Agonists', 'Adult', 'Autonomic Nervous System', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Calorimetry, Indirect', 'Carbohydrate Metabolism', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Energy Metabolism', 'Female', 'Glucose', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Isoproterenol', 'Lipid Peroxidation', 'Male', 'Microdialysis', 'Morpholines', 'Norepinephrine', 'Norepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Placebos', 'Posture', 'Reboxetine', 'Supination', 'Symporters']
| 12,414,883
|
[['A10.165.114'], ['D27.505.519.625.050.100.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.100.200'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A08.800.050'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['E05.196.131.655'], ['G02.111.158', 'G03.191'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['G03.295'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.033.100.291.439', 'D02.092.063.291.439', 'D02.092.311.649', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.649'], ['G02.111.515', 'G03.295.531.587'], ['E05.196.353.500'], ['D03.383.533.640'], ['D02.033.100.291.502', 'D02.092.063.480', 'D02.092.211.215.746', 'D02.092.311.830', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.830'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.625.186', 'D12.776.157.530.562.374.500.750', 'D12.776.157.530.937.600', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625.186', 'D12.776.543.585.562.374.500.750', 'D12.776.543.585.937.700'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D26.660', 'E02.785'], ['G11.427.695'], ['D03.383.533.640.682'], ['G11.427.410.698.920'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.625', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Tumor promoting agent induces lymphocyte mitogenic factor.
|
Human peripheral mononuclear cells treated with tumor promoting agent, 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA), released a soluble lymphocyte mitogenic factor (MF). The MF was found to be a protein capable of eliciting a proliferative response in normal human lymphocytes within 40-46 hours. The MF was detected in the culture supernatant fluid as early as 12 hours after TPA treatment and reached maximum at 48 hours. The biochemical characterization of MF is under active investigation.
|
['DNA', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-2', 'Lymphokines', 'Mitosis', 'Neutrophils', 'Phorbols', 'Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate', 'Time Factors']
| 6,972,235
|
[['D13.444.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.021', 'D12.644.276.374.480.372', 'D12.776.467.374.465.021', 'D12.776.467.374.480.372', 'D23.529.374.465.155', 'D23.529.374.480.372'], ['D12.644.276.374.480', 'D12.776.467.374.480', 'D23.529.374.480'], ['G04.144.220.220.781', 'G05.113.220.781'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['D02.455.849.291.500'], ['D02.455.849.291.500.510.850'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Simultaneous bioprecipitation of cadmium to cadmium sulfide nanoparticles and nitrogen fixation by Rhodopseudomonas palustris TN110.
|
This study investigated the abilities of a purple non-sulfur bacterium, Rhodopseudomonas palustris TN110 to bioremediate cadmium through the biosynthesis of CdS nanoparticles and to fix nitrogen simultaneously. Under microaerobic-light conditions, R. palustris TN110 synthesized CdS nanoparticles. The produced CdS nanoparticles had a spherical shape and an average size of 4.85 nm. The Fourier transform infrared spectrum of the nanoparticles reveals the carbonyl groups, bending vibrations of the amide I and II bands of proteins, and CN stretching vibrations of aromatic and aliphatic amines. These bands and groups suggest protein capping/binding on the surface of the nanoparticles. R. palustris TN110 converted 25.61% of 0.2 mM CdCl2 to CdS nanoparticles under optimal conditions (pH 7.5, 30 °C and 3000 lux). The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of the produced CdS nanoparticles was 1.76 mM. The produced CdS nanoparticles at IC50 up-regulated two genes associated with nitrogen fixation: Mo-Fe nitrogenase gene (nifH) and V-Fe nitrogenase gene (vnfG) at 2.83 and 2.27 fold changes, respectively. On the contrary, the produced CdS nanoparticles slightly down-regulated Fe-Fe nitrogenase gene (anfG). The amounts of ammonia released by the strain support the gene expression results. R. palustris TN110 has great potential to serve concurrently as a cadmium bioremediation agent and a nitrogen fixer. The strain could be beneficial to paddy fields that are contaminated with Cd through run off from mining and chemical fertilizer applications.
|
['Biodegradation, Environmental', 'Cadmium', 'Cadmium Compounds', 'Chemical Precipitation', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Nanoparticles', 'Nitrogen Fixation', 'Nitrogenase', 'Rhodopseudomonas', 'Sulfides']
| 30,784,752
|
[['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['D01.268.556.137', 'D01.268.956.061', 'D01.552.544.137'], ['D01.142'], ['E05.196.150', 'G02.159'], ['G05.308.320'], ['J01.637.512.600'], ['G02.111.071.630', 'G02.111.587.750', 'G02.607.560.750', 'G03.087.630', 'G06.625', 'G16.500.768.600'], ['D08.811.682.647'], ['B03.440.400.425.200.700', 'B03.660.050.035.700'], ['D01.248.497.158.874', 'D01.875.350.850', 'D02.886.520']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Anatomy of the female pelvis on MRI: value of intravaginal contrast].
|
PURPOSE: Prospective monocentric study to determine the feasibility, tolerability and diagnostic value of intravaginal contrast to assess female pelvic anatomy on MRI.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-nine consecutive women referred for MRI evaluation of the pelvis, irrespective of the indication, were included in this study. The MR imaging protocol consisted of axial and sagittal T2W images before and after intravaginal instillation of sterile US gel. Eight anatomical regions were analyzed and their visibility graded from 1 to 4 (1=excellent; 4=non-visualized) by 3 radiologists without and with intravaginal gel. The value of intravaginal gel was determined by calculating the difference in the visibility index for each anatomical region by the Wilcoxon and khi2 tests. Inter-observer agreement was also determined using the kappa test.RESULTS: Two women declined vaginal opacification resulting in an acceptance rate of 96%. The gel instillation procedure had a duration of less than 3 minutes on average and was well tolerated by all patients. Intravaginal gel allowed significantly improved visualization of all anatomical regions (p<0.001); improvement between 0.5 and 2.5 points on average per anatomical region. Inter-observer agreement significantly improved after gel instillation increasing from 72% to 92%.CONCLUSION: Intravaginal instillation of US gel is simple, noninvasive, well-accepted and well-tolerated by patients. It increases visibility of pelvic anatomical structures with improved inter-observer agreement.
|
['Chi-Square Distribution', 'Contrast Media', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Female', 'Gels', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Observer Variation', 'Pelvis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Statistics, Nonparametric']
| 19,752,787
|
[['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['D20.280.320', 'D26.255.165.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['A01.923.600'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Silica-polypyrrole core-shell nanocomposites as active materials for dielectrophoretic displays.
|
A direct route to silica-polypyrrole core-shell nanoparticles has been used to design new nanocomposites, in which the conducting part is then wrapped by an external silica shell in order to have finally neutral nanoparticles. The nanocomposites are characterized by TEM, spectroscopy, electrochemistry and thermal gravimetric analysis, demonstrating that the external silica shell actually insulates the conjugated polymer from the outer medium. Finally the electrorheological properties of these nanocomposites are checked in a dielectrophoretic device in which the motion of the particles induced by an external electric field can be used to monitor a switch of the light transmission properties.
|
['Electrochemistry', 'Equipment Design', 'Microscopy, Electron, Transmission', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Nanocomposites', 'Nanostructures', 'Nanotechnology', 'Polymers', 'Pyrroles', 'Rheology', 'Silicon Dioxide', 'Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared', 'Thermogravimetry', 'Ultraviolet Rays']
| 19,049,025
|
[['H01.181.529.307'], ['E05.320'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.580', 'E05.595.402.580'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['J01.637.512.150'], ['J01.637.512'], ['H01.603', 'J01.897.520.600'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['D03.383.129.578'], ['E05.830', 'H01.671.808'], ['D01.578.750', 'D01.650.550.825', 'D01.837.725'], ['E05.196.712.726.676.700', 'E05.196.867.826.676.700'], ['E05.196.904'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Evaluating pharmacists' ability to counsel on tobacco cessation using two standardized patient scenarios.
|
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the impact that role-playing two pre/post standardized patient scenarios within a tobacco cessation training program had on pharmacists' counseling skills. Second, to analyze the validity of the observation coding tool used to evaluate pharmacist's role-play performance.METHODS: Pharmacists performed two role-playing scenarios which incorporated national guidelines, the 5A's counseling process, and the "preparation" and "action" phases of the transtheoretical model. Pharmacists' performance was evaluated with an observation coding tool.RESULTS: Pharmacists' (n=25) counseling performance improved significantly post-training (p<0.02: Action Scenario; p<0.004: Preparation Scenario). More than 50% of pharmacists provided patient-directed tobacco consultation services in the one year following training. The observation tool score for the "action phase" scenario was highly associated with pharmacists' subsequent delivery of tobacco cessation services in community practice.CONCLUSION: Role-playing facilitated pharmacists' skill development. The evaluation tool and Action Scenario may be powerful for predicting pharmacists' delivery of tobacco cessation services.PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Incorporating role-playing and structured tools for performance evaluation can help enhance pharmacist performance during training and predict service delivery in community practice. Together they could facilitate tailored feedback to help pharmacists struggling with the difficult task of extending cognitive service roles in practice.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Community Pharmacy Services', 'Counseling', 'Education, Pharmacy, Continuing', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Simulation', 'Pharmacists', 'Pilot Projects', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Role Playing', 'Tobacco Use Cessation', 'Wisconsin', 'Young Adult']
| 21,237,610
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N02.421.143.221', 'N02.421.668.274'], ['F02.784.176', 'F04.408.413', 'N02.421.143.303', 'N02.421.461.363'], ['I02.358.212.550', 'I02.358.525.317'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I02.903.847.500'], ['M01.526.485.780', 'N02.360.780'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E02.190.525.781.653', 'F04.754.864.581.679.653'], ['F01.145.488.750'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.900', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.900'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The hepatic FOXQ1 transcription factor regulates glucose metabolism in mice.
|
AIM/HYPOTHESIS: Hepatic forkhead box q1 (FOXQ1) expression levels are regulated by nutritional and pathophysiological status. In this study we investigated the role of FOXQ1 in the regulation of hepatic gluconeogenesis.METHODS: We used multiple mouse and cell models to study the role of FOXQ1 in regulating expression of gluconeogenic genes, and cellular and hepatic glucose production.RESULTS: Expression of hepatic FOXQ1 was regulated by fasting in normal mice and was dysregulated in diabetic mice. Overexpression of FOXQ1 in primary hepatocytes inhibited expression of gluconeogenic genes and decreased cellular glucose output. Hepatic FOXQ1 rescue in db/db and high-fat diet-induced obese mice markedly decreased blood glucose level and improved glucose intolerance. In contrast, wild-type C57 mice with hepatic FOXQ1 deficiency displayed increased blood glucose levels and impaired glucose tolerance. Interestingly, studies into molecular mechanisms indicated that FOXQ1 interacts with FOXO1, thereby blocking FOXO1 activity on hepatic gluconeogenesis, preventing it from directly binding to insulin response elements mapped in the promoter region of gluconeogenic genes.CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: FOXQ1 is a novel factor involved in regulating hepatic gluconeogenesis, and the decreased FOXQ1 expression in liver may contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Glucose', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'Diet, High-Fat', 'Fasting', 'Forkhead Transcription Factors', 'Gluconeogenesis', 'Glucose Intolerance', 'Hepatocytes', 'Insulin', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Obese']
| 27,421,728
|
[['B01.050'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['C18.452.394.750.074', 'C19.246.240', 'E05.598.500.374'], ['G07.203.650.240.267'], ['F01.145.407.400', 'G07.203.650.240.587', 'G07.203.650.353.400'], ['D12.776.260.950.249', 'D12.776.930.977.249'], ['G02.111.158.500', 'G03.191.500'], ['C18.452.394.952.500'], ['A11.436.348'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.530']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Analysis of the plant growth-promoting properties encoded by the genome of the rhizobacterium Pseudomonas putida BIRD-1.
|
Pseudomonas putida BIRD-1 is a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium whose genome size is 5.7 Mbp. It adheres to plant roots and colonizes the rhizosphere to high cell densities even in soils with low moisture. This property is linked to its ability to synthesize trehalose, since a mutant deficient in the synthesis of trehalose exhibited less tolerance to desiccation than the parental strain. The genome of BIRD-1 encodes a wide range of proteins that help it to deal with reactive oxygen stress generated in the plant rhizosphere. BIRD-1 plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria properties derive from its ability to enhance phosphorous and iron solubilization and to produce phytohormones. BIRD-1 is capable of solubilizing insoluble inorganic phosphate forms through acid production. The genome of BIRD-1 encodes at least five phosphatases related to phosphorous solubilization, one of them being a phytase that facilitates the utilization of phytic acid, the main storage form of phosphorous in plants. Pyoverdine is the siderophore produced by this strain, a mutant that in the FvpD siderophore synthase failed to grow on medium without supplementary iron, but the mutant was as competitive as the parental strain in soils because it captures the siderophores produced by other microbes. BIRD-1 overproduces indole-3-acetic acid through convergent pathways.
|
['Genome', 'Indoleacetic Acids', 'Phosphates', 'Plant Growth Regulators', 'Plant Roots', 'Pseudomonas putida', 'Seedlings', 'Siderophores', 'Soil Microbiology', 'Zea mays']
| 23,206,161
|
[['G05.360.340'], ['D03.066.288', 'D03.633.100.473.404'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374', 'D01.248.497.158.730', 'D01.695.625.675.650'], ['D27.505.696.377.760'], ['A18.400'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.675', 'B03.660.250.580.590.580'], ['A18.550', 'B01.650.819'], ['D27.505.519.914.500.410.750', 'D27.720.832.500.410.750'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.555', 'N06.850.425.300'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Anisakiasis in China: the first clinical case report.
|
Anisakiasis is a parasitic disease acquired by humans when ingesting raw or undercooked fish infected with L3 larvae of the nematode genus Anisakis or Pseudoterranova. Here we report the first case of human anisakiasis in China. The patient, male, 56 years old, Dalian citizen, was admitted into the hospital with vomiting, peripheral umbilicus and abdominal distension, and frequent mucous diarrhea. The patient was examined using an electronic gastroscope, which displayed a parasite residing in the stomach, and subsequently gastroscope-assisted surgery was implemented. A white round worm was removed from the patient and stained. It was identified as L3 larvae of Anisakis. After the removal of the L3 larvae of Anisakis, the inflammation symptoms disappeared. As the first report of clinical case of Anisakis infection in China, the morphology of L3 Anisakis larvae from the patient is described and discussed. We conclude that anisakiasis should be considered in patients who have a habit of eating raw fish and who display associated symptoms.
|
['Animals', 'Anisakiasis', 'Anisakis', 'China', 'Fishes', 'Gastroscopes', 'Humans', 'Larva', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Stomach']
| 23,536,984
|
[['B01.050'], ['C01.610.335.508.700.100.060', 'C01.610.432.060', 'C06.405.469.452.060'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.400.500.100.075'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['B01.050.150.900.493'], ['E07.230.220.260.320', 'E07.858.240.260.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A03.556.875.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Fluorene-based metal-ion sensing probe with high sensitivity to Zn2+ and efficient two-photon absorption.
|
The photophysical, photochemical, two-photon absorption (2PA) and metal ion sensing properties of a new fluorene derivative (E)-1-(7-(4-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)styryl)-9,9-bis(2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl)-9H-fluoren-2-yl)-3-(2-(9,10,16,17,18,19,21,22,23,24-decahydro-6H dibenzo[h,s][1,4,7,11,14,17]trioxatriazacycloicosin-20(7H)-yl)ethyl)thiourea (1) were investigated in organic and aqueous media. High sensitivity and selectivity of 1 to Zn(2+) in tetrahydrofuran and a water/acetonitrile mixture were shown by both absorption and fluorescence titration. The observed complexation processes corresponded to 1:1 stoichiometry with the range of binding constants approximately (2-3) x 10(5) M(-1). The degenerate 2PA spectra of 1 and 1/Zn(2+) complex were obtained in the 640-900 nm spectral range with the maximum values of two-photon action cross section for ligand/metal complex approximately (90-130) GM, using a standard two-photon induced fluorescence methodology under femtosecond excitation. The nature of the 2PA bands was analyzed by quantum chemical methods and a specific dependence on metal ion binding processes was shown. Ratiometric fluorescence detection (420/650 nm) provided a good dynamic range (10(-4) to 10(-6) M) for detecting Zn(2+), which along with the good photostability and 2PA properties of probe 1 makes it a good candidate in two-photon fluorescence microscopy imaging and sensing of Zn ions.
|
['Absorption', 'Fluorenes', 'Photons', 'Quantum Theory', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Zinc']
| 20,590,077
|
[['G01.015', 'G02.010', 'G03.015', 'G03.787.024', 'G07.690.725.015'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.389', 'D04.615.389'], ['G01.249.705', 'G01.358.500.505.650.782', 'G01.590.540.782', 'G01.750.250.650.782', 'G01.750.770.578.782'], ['H01.671.579.800'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Left ventricular mass regression after aortic valve replacement: Sex differences or effect of different methods of indexation?
|
BACKGROUND: The influence of sex on regression of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (LVH) after aortic valve replacement (AVR) for aortic stenosis (AS) remains elusive. The lack of consensus on how to correct LV mass (LVM) for body size, and different normalcy values, contribute to inconclusive results.METHODS: In 164 consecutive patients (mean age 80 ± 4 years, 59% females) with AS, we analyzed LVM (Devereux formula) before and 1 year after AVR (St.Jude Trifecta bio-prosthesis). LVM was indexed to BSA (Du Bois and Gehan formulas), to height1.7 and height2.7 . Limits of normalcy were (women and men, respectively): <95 and <115 g/m², BSA-indexed LVM; <60 and <81 g/m, LVM/height1.7 ; <44 and <48 g/m, LVM/height2.7 .RESULTS: Women had smaller BSA, but not body mass index, than men. AS severity and incidence of hypertension did not differ. LVM indexed to height2.7 was greater in women. LVH incidence was similar in males and females. Independently of the indexation method, LVH reduced significantly (P < 0.0001). LVM reduction was greater in women (P < 0.05 for all methods). At follow-up, nearly half the patients, irrespective of sex, showed residual LVH, and diastolic dysfunction.CONCLUSIONS: We tested different methods of LVM indexation in AS patients. LVM was similar between men and women. Indexation to height2.7 gives higher LVM in women because of their shorter stature. LVH prevalence is independent of sex. Irrespective of the indexation method, LVM reduction is greater in females, whereas LVM normalization occurs in equal proportion. Persistent LVH and diastolic dysfunction suggest earlier AVR in elderly.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aortic Valve', 'Aortic Valve Stenosis', 'Body Surface Area', 'Echocardiography', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Heart Valve Prosthesis', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Humans', 'Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular', 'Male', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Sex Factors']
| 30,520,149
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A07.541.510.110'], ['C14.280.484.048.750', 'C14.280.955.249'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.231', 'E05.041.124.231', 'G07.100.100.231'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E07.695.310'], ['A07.541.560'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.280.195.400', 'C23.300.775.250.400'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Uptake and cellular actions of mycolactone, a virulence determinant for Mycobacterium ulcerans.
|
Mycolactone is a macrolide secreted by Mycobacterium ulcerans. Experimental evidence suggests that mycolactone plays a prominent role in the pathogenesis of Buruli ulcer by causing both tissue destruction and immunosuppression. To understand the cell biology of mycolactone activity, we have synthesized the fluorescent mycolactone derivativebodipymycolactone. Although derivatization resulted in a modest decrease in cytopathic activity, the derivatized and native molecules produce identical phenotypes in cultured cells. Confocal microscopy of bodipymycolactone added to cultured fibroblasts, shows that it is localized to the cytosol. Bodipymycolactone fails to bind to the cell membrane and is excluded from the nucleus. Uptake is both nonsaturable and noncompetitive with excess mycolactone, consistent with passive diffusion of this toxin through the cell membrane. These facts, combined with the inability of signal transduction inhibitors to inhibit mycolactone cytopathicity point towards the presence of an cytosolic target for mycolactone.A dose dependent increase in intracellular calcium levels at occurs upon mycolactone exposure, but chelation of intracellular calcium alters neither the cytopathicity nor the caspase induction profile of treated cells. Mitochondrial polarization is maintained in treated cells for up to 3 days arguing that the rise in intracellular calcium levels may be a result of cytoskeletal remodeling.
|
['Bacterial Toxins', 'Calcium', 'Caspases', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Fibroblasts', 'Macrolides', 'Mitochondria', 'Molecular Structure', 'Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous', 'Mycobacterium ulcerans', 'Virulence Factors']
| 12,623,277
|
[['D23.946.123'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126', 'D12.644.360.075.405', 'D12.776.476.075.405'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.329.228'], ['D02.540.505', 'D02.540.576.500', 'D04.345.674.500'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.475'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.720.700', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.720.700'], ['D23.946.896']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Investigation of linac-based image-guided hypofractionated prostate radiotherapy.
|
A hypofractionation treatment protocol for prostate cancer was initiated in our department in December 2003. The treatment regimen consists of a total dose of 36.25 Gy delivered at 7.25 Gy per fraction over 10 days. We discuss the rationale for such a prostate hypofractionation protocol and the need for frequent prostate imaging during treatment. The CyberKnife (Accuray Inc., Sunnyvale, CA), a linear accelerator mounted on a robotic arm, is currently being used as the radiation delivery device for this protocol, due to its incorporation of near real-time kV imaging of the prostate via 3 gold fiducial seeds. Recently introduced conventional linac kV imaging with intensity modulated planning and delivery may add a new option for these hypofractionated treatments. The purpose of this work is to investigate the use of intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and the Varian Trilogy Accelerator with on-board kV imaging (Varian Medical Systems Inc., Palo Alto, CA) for treatment of our hypofractionated prostate patients. The dose-volume histograms and dose statistics of 2 patients previously treated on the CyberKnife were compared to 7-field IMRT plans. A process of acquiring images to observe intrafraction prostate motion was achieved in an average time of about 1 minute and 40 seconds, and IMRT beam delivery takes about 40 seconds per field. A complete 7-field IMRT plan can therefore be imaged and delivered in 10 to 17 minutes. The Varian Trilogy Accelerator with on-board imaging and IMRT is well suited for image-guided hypofractionated prostate treatments. During this study, we have also uncovered opportunities for improvement of the on-board imaging hardware/software implementation that would further enhance performance in this regard.
|
['Dose Fractionation, Radiation', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Particle Accelerators', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted', 'Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated', 'Time Factors', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 17,472,885
|
[['E02.815.639.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.710.680'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['E02.950.825', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.608'], ['E02.815.635.700.700', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.550.700'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Certain data on the protoplast ultrastructure].
|
A study was made of the structure of Bac. subtilis and Listeria monocytogenes protoplasts by the method of scanning electron microscopy. The mechanism of protoplast formation in Gram-positive bacteria and in spheroplasts of Gram-negative bacteria proved to differ. A loss of the rigid form of the cell, round protrusions on cell surface, and an escape of the cytoplasm through the ruptured cell wall in some one place was noted in case of protoplasts. Individual cells can coalesce with one another with the formation of shapeless masses. The formation of small spheroid bodies by budding, and also a division of protoplasts by constriction was described.
|
['Bacillus subtilis', 'Listeria monocytogenes', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Protoplasts']
| 413,293
|
[['B03.300.390.400.158.218.725', 'B03.353.500.100.218.725', 'B03.510.100.100.218.725', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.725', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.725'], ['B03.353.500.500.500', 'B03.510.100.500.500', 'B03.510.460.400.410.485.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['A11.789']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Western region of the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil].
|
A survey was performed among 22 patients with ulcers suspected of leishmanial origin in the municipalities of Quilombo and Coronel Freitas, west of Santa Catarina State. From 5 patients only smears from the ulcers were examined, 5 others were submitted to Montenegro's intradermal test and in 8 both methods were used. Cases were regarded as confirmed when: 1. parasites were found in the ulcer smears; 2. the lesions were clinically characteristic and the skin test was positive and 3. the clinically characteristic lesions healed after specific treatment. Fourteen patients were regarded as confirmed cases, 11 being autochthonous, showing that transmission of cutaneous leishmaniasis occurs in the State. Of the autochthonous cases 5 showed parasites in the skin smears. Most patients were males and all were older than 15 years of age.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Brazil', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 2,133,584
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.610.752.300.500.400', 'C01.610.858.560.400', 'C01.920.813.400', 'C17.800.838.775.560.400'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis in Submassive Pulmonary Embolism and Acute Cor Pulmonale.
|
Treatment of submassive (intermediate-risk) pulmonary embolism (PE), defined as hemodynamically stable with right ventricular (RV) dysfunction, showed lower in-hospital all-cause mortality with intravenous thrombolytic therapy than with anticoagulants, but at an increased risk of major bleeding. The present investigation was performed to test whether catheter-directed thrombolysis reduces mortality without increasing bleeding in submassive PE. This was a retrospective cohort study based on administrative data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample. In 2016, 13,130 patients were hospitalized with PE and acute cor pulmonale, were stable, and treated with catheter-directed thrombolysis in 1,500 (11%) or anticoagulants alone in 11,630 (89%). Mortality was lower with catheter-directed thrombolysis than with anticoagulants in unmatched patients, 35 of 1,500 (2.3%) compared with 755 of 11,630 (6.5%; p <0.0001) and in matched patients, 30 of 1,260 (2.4%) compared with 440 of 6,910 (6.4%; p <0.0001). Time-dependent analysis showed catheter-directed thrombolysis reduced mortality if administered within the first 3 days. Patients with saddle PE treated with anticoagulants had lower mortality than non-saddle PE, 75 of 1,730 (4.3%) compared with 680 of 9,900 (6.9%; p < 0.0001) in unmatched patients and 45 of 1,305 (3.4%) compared with 395 of 5,605 (7.0%; p < 0.0001) in matched patients. Mortality was not lower with inferior vena cava filters either in those who received catheter-directed thrombolysis or those treated with anticoagulants. There were no fatal or nonfatal adverse events associated with catheter-directed thrombolysis. In conclusion, patients with submassive PE appear to have lower in-hospital all-cause mortality with catheter-directed thrombolysis administered within 3 days than with anticoagulants, and risks are low.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Catheterization', 'Female', 'Fibrinolytic Agents', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pulmonary Embolism', 'Pulmonary Heart Disease', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Thrombolytic Therapy', 'United States']
| 32,718,549
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['E02.148', 'E05.157'], ['D27.505.519.421.750', 'D27.505.954.411.320', 'D27.505.954.502.427'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.400', 'N01.224.935.698.400', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.400', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C08.381.746', 'C14.907.355.350.700'], ['C14.280.832'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E02.319.913'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Epitope tagging of the yeast K(+) carrier Trk2p demonstrates folding that is consistent with a channel-like structure.
|
TRK family proteins, which mediate the concentrative uptake of potassium by plant cells, fungi, and bacteria, resemble primitive potassium channels in sequence and have recently been proposed actually to fold like potassium channels in a 4-MPM motif (Durell, S. R., and Guy, H. R. (1999) Biophys. J. 77, 789 - 807), instead of like conventional substrate porters in the 12-TM motif (Gaber, R. F., Styles, C. A., and Fink, G. R. (1988) Mol. Cell. Biol. 8, 2848-2859). The known fungal members of this family possess a very long hydrophilic loop, positioned intracellularly in the K(+)-channel model and extracellularly in the substrate porter model. This and two shorter hydrophilic segments have been tested as topological markers for the true folding pattern of TRK proteins using Saccharomyces cerevisiae Trk2p. Hemagglutinin epitope tags were inserted into all three segments, and the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) was fused to the C terminus of Trk2p. The gene constructs were expressed from a high copy plasmid, and sidedness of the tags was determined by native fluorescence (EGFP), indirect immunofluorescence, and immunoelectron microscopy. Both the long-loop tag and the C-terminal EGFP fusion allowed abundant protein to reach the plasma membrane and support normal yeast growth. In all determinations, the long-loop tag was localized to the inner surface of the yeast cell plasma membrane, thus strongly supporting the channel-like folding model. Additional observations showed (i). membrane-associated Trk2p to lie in proteolipid rafts; (ii). significant tagged protein, expressed from the plasmid, to be sequestered in cytoplasmic vesicular-tubular clusters; and (iii). suppression of such clusters by yeast growth in 5-10% glycerol. This chaperone-like effect may assist other membrane proteins (overexpressed or heterologously expressed) to function within the yeast plasma membrane.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Cation Transport Proteins', 'Epitope Mapping', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Ion Channels', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Protein Folding', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Sequence Alignment']
| 14,570,869
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.250', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250'], ['E05.478.274', 'E05.601.690.300'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D12.776.157.530.400', 'D12.776.543.550.450', 'D12.776.543.585.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G01.154.651', 'G02.111.688'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['E05.393.751']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Alpha lipoic acid and metformin alleviates experimentally induced insulin resistance and cognitive deficit by modulation of TLR2 signalling.
|
BACKGROUND: Obesity is commonly found to be co-morbid with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. In obese diabetic patients, TLR-2 receptor induced inflammation leads to the development of insulin resistance (IR). Furthermore, the IR is considered to be the most important cause for promoting cognitive decline which is evident in brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease related dementia (ADRD).METHODS: In this study, the effect of á-lipoic acid (ALA) has been examined in rodent model of zymosan induced insulin resistance and cognitive deficits, targeting at TLR-2 signalling. TLR-2 agonist, Zymosan initiates inflammatory cascade, resulting in IR and cognitive dysfunction. Zymosan (50 mg/kg ip) was given to mice on 1st, 8th, 15th and 22nd day to induce IR which was confirmed by hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperlipidimea, increased glycated haemoglobin and HOMA-IR. Further the cognitive performance was assessed in Morris water maze revealing cognitive deficit in zymosan treated mice.RESULTS: Daily treatment with ALA for 28 days (50, 100, 200 mg/kg, ip) significantly improved insulin sensitivity and cognitive performance in mice by decreasing insulin resistance, corticosterone, IL-6 levels, acetylcholinesterase enzyme activity and oxidative stress in liver, cortex and hippocampus. ALA also increased adiponectin level and reduced body weight. Combination of ALA (100 mg/kg, ip) with metformin (100 mg/kg, ip) exhibited a potentiating effect in improving cognitive performance and insulin signalling.CONCLUSION: The findings of the study supported the hypothesis that TLR-2 induced inflammation leads to insulin resistance and cognitive impairment and provides an evidence for the therapeutic effect of ALA in IR and ADRD patients.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents', 'Cognition Disorders', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Insulin', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Interleukin-6', 'Lipid Peroxidation', 'Lipids', 'Male', 'Maze Learning', 'Memory', 'Metformin', 'Mice', 'Signal Transduction', 'Thioctic Acid', 'Toll-Like Receptor 2', 'Zymosan']
| 31,176,103
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.158'], ['F03.615.250'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['G02.111.515', 'G03.295.531.587'], ['D10'], ['F02.463.425.874.500'], ['F02.463.425.540'], ['D02.078.370.141.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D02.241.803', 'D02.886.778.827', 'D08.211.906', 'D10.251.941'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.910.500.200'], ['D09.698.365.089.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Use of genetically engineered bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells for glioma gene therapy.
|
In our previous study, we successfully treated an established C6 brain tumor using neural stem cells transduced with the herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase gene (HSVtk) and ganciclovir in the rat. In the present study, we investigated the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), obtained from adult rats and transduced with HSVtk (MSCtk cells), instead of neural stem cells because MSCs are much easier to obtain from the adult subjects. Those cells were used for in vitro co-culture study and in vivo co-implantation study with C6 rat glioma cells to examine bystander tumoricidal effect, which revealed a sufficient bystander effect and only 1/32 MSCtk cells were needed for complete tumor eradication. In vitro bystander effect was also observed in a real-time fashion using a culture microscope and it was shown that only tumor cells that had contact with MSCtk cells died. In vivo treatment study of an established C6 brain tumor with an intratumoral injection of MSCtk cells followed by systemic ganciclovir administration demonstrated a significant reduction of the tumor size and a significant survival prolongation. The treatment strategy using MSCtk and ganciclovir (MSCtk therapy) is more feasible and practical for clinical application than the method using neural stem cells.
|
['Animals', 'Antiviral Agents', 'Bone Marrow Cells', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Bystander Effect', 'Ganciclovir', 'Genes, Transgenic, Suicide', 'Genetic Engineering', 'Genetic Therapy', 'Glioma', 'Male', 'Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Mesenchymal Stem Cells', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Simplexvirus', 'Thymidine Kinase']
| 19,885,548
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['A11.148', 'A15.378.316'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['G04.085.155'], ['D03.633.100.759.758.399.454.250.300'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.825.500'], ['E05.393.420'], ['E02.095.301', 'E05.393.420.301'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380', 'C04.557.470.670.380', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.625', 'E04.936.225.687.625'], ['A11.329.830.500', 'A11.872.590.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['B04.280.382.100.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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