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Portable chest radiography: comparison of high-resolution digital displays with laser printed digital film.
|
Computed radiology is a radiographic imaging technology that generates a conventional radiographic image in digital form. The image can be recorded on a laser sensitive film or archived to a digital storage device and displayed on a video monitor. This study was performed to evaluate the adequacy of reporting digitised images directly from the workstation. The test set consisted of portable chest images of 55 patients from the cardiothoracic intensive care unit. Normal structures and nine abnormalities were pre-selected for analysis. The radiographs and images on the video display were reviewed on two separate occasions, six months apart by two independent readers. No clinical details were supplied and the intraobserver and interobserver agreement were assessed using Kappa statistics. The overall results indicated that direct reporting from the workstation was as reliable as reporting from the laser printed copies.
|
['Bronchography', 'Computer Systems', 'Computer Terminals', 'Critical Care', 'Data Display', 'Equipment Design', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Humans', 'Information Storage and Retrieval', 'Lasers', 'Lung', 'Lung Diseases', 'Observer Variation', 'Pleural Diseases', 'Radiographic Image Enhancement', 'Radiography, Thoracic', 'Radiology Information Systems', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Spine', 'Trachea']
| 9,663,305
|
[['E01.370.350.700.730.100', 'E01.370.386.100'], ['L01.224.230'], ['L01.224.230.260.115.500'], ['E02.760.190', 'N02.421.585.190'], ['F02.784.412.221', 'L01.296'], ['E05.320'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.313.500.750.280', 'L01.470'], ['E07.632.490', 'E07.710.520'], ['A04.411'], ['C08.381'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['C08.528'], ['E01.370.350.600.350.700', 'E01.370.350.700.700', 'L01.224.308.380.600'], ['E01.370.350.700.730'], ['N04.452.515.825'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['A02.835.232.834'], ['A04.889']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The measurement of locus of control: assessing more than meets the eye?
|
Ambiguities in the conceptions and measurement of locus of control were investigated in this study. Specifically, some psychometric properties of several widely used measures of perceived behavior-outcome contingency, interpersonal power, and social self-efficacy were assessed. To different degrees, the results indicated that all three measures of perceived behavior-outcome contingency lacked convergent and discriminant validity. Implications for interpreting past research, directions for future investigations, and limitations of the present study are discussed.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Internal-External Control', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Psychometrics', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Self Concept']
| 10,654,847
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.379'], ['F01.829.401'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.780'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['F01.752.747.792']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
New insights into NF-kappaB regulation and function.
|
NF-kappaB (nuclear factor-kappaB) transcription factors have multiple critical roles in the regulation of immune responses. In unstimulated cells, NF-kappaB proteins are sequestered in the cytoplasm by IkappaB inhibitory proteins. Various immune stimuli induce the IkappaB kinase (IKK) to phosphorylate IkappaBs, triggering their ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, which permits nuclear translocation of associated NF-kappaB subunits and activation of NF-kappaB target genes. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of dynamic ubiquitination-deubiquitination events in regulating this canonical NF-kappaB signaling pathway. Ubiquitination additionally plays critical roles in activation of the noncanonical pathway that regulates NF-kappaB via signal-induced processing of NF-kappaB2 p100. New research has also identified several novel regulatory proteins that control the transcriptional activity of nuclear NF-kappaB.
|
['Animals', 'Humans', 'I-kappa B Kinase', 'NF-kappa B', 'NF-kappa B p52 Subunit', 'Signal Transduction', 'TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 2', 'TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 3', 'Transcription Factor RelA', 'Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes', 'Ubiquitination']
| 18,775,672
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.494', 'D12.644.360.361', 'D12.776.476.378'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['D12.776.157.687.497', 'D12.776.260.600.186', 'D12.776.660.600.186', 'D12.776.660.720.497', 'D12.776.930.600.186'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.644.360.024.500.750', 'D12.776.157.057.500.750', 'D12.776.476.024.500.750'], ['D12.644.360.024.500.875', 'D12.776.157.057.500.875', 'D12.776.476.024.500.875'], ['D12.776.260.600.249', 'D12.776.660.600.249', 'D12.776.930.600.249'], ['D08.811.464.938.500'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600.925', 'G02.111.691.600.775', 'G03.734.871.790.600.831', 'G05.308.670.600.831']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Suboptimal management of acute food-allergic reactions by patients, emergency departments and general practitioners.
|
Suboptimal food allergy management by patients and doctors.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'Bronchodilator Agents', 'Emergency Medical Services', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Epinephrine', 'Female', 'Food Hypersensitivity', 'Glucocorticoids', 'Histamine Antagonists', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Netherlands', 'Physicians, Family']
| 19,226,303
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.696.663.050.110', 'D27.505.954.796.050.100'], ['N02.421.297'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['D02.033.100.291.310', 'D02.092.063.291.310', 'D02.092.211.215.454', 'D02.092.311.461', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.461'], ['C20.543.480.370'], ['D06.472.040.543', 'D27.505.696.399.472.488'], ['D27.505.519.625.375.425', 'D27.505.696.577.375.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.542.651'], ['M01.526.485.810.770', 'N02.360.810.770']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis].
|
HISTORY AND FINDINGS: When aged 25 years, a now 38-year-old man had acute hepatitis A with jaundice. In the subsequent years he had recurrent jaundice with severe itching and insomnia. Multiple hospital admissions with laparoscopy and liver biopsy failed to find a cause. On admission he was again jaundiced, but there was a discrepancy (as on previous examinations) between the degree of jaundice and the good general condition. The liver was only slightly enlarged to palpation, the spleen was just palpable below the costal margin.INVESTIGATIONS: Bilirubin concentration was 50.4 mg/dl (direct bilirubin 14 mg/dl), alkaline phosphatase 1027 U/l, GOT and GPT activities were only slightly increased. Ultrasound of the upper abdomen showed deformation of the middle and small-calibre portal vein branches and echo-rich, ribbon-shaped coverings. Electronmicroscopy of a liver biopsy also revealed moderate hepatic fibrosis, indicating benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis.TREATMENT AND COURSE: Ursodeoxycholic acid was administered (250 mg two to three times daily by mouth), glycerol trinitrate (0.8 mg six times daily by mouth), colestyramine (4 g up to five times daily by mouth), and flunitrazepam (0.5-1 mg orally at night). There was only slight improvement, but the liver function parameters became normal after three months. There has been no recurrence after 4 years.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'Cholestasis, Intrahepatic', 'Chronic Disease', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Hepatitis A', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Recurrence', 'Remission Induction', 'Time Factors']
| 8,829,906
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C06.130.120.135.250', 'C06.552.150'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E02.319.310'], ['C01.925.440.420', 'C01.925.782.687.359.500', 'C06.552.380.705.422'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E02.860'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Structural basis for recruitment of CBP/p300 by hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha.
|
Adaptation to hypoxia is mediated by transactivation of hypoxia-responsive genes by hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) in complex with the CBP and p300 transcriptional coactivators. We report the solution structure of the cysteine/histidine-rich 1 (CH1) domain of p300 bound to the C-terminal transactivation domain of HIF-1 alpha. CH1 has a triangular geometry composed of four alpha-helices with three intervening Zn(2+)-coordinating centers. CH1 serves as a scaffold for folding of the HIF-1 alpha C-terminal transactivation domain, which forms a vise-like clamp on the CH1 domain that is stabilized by extensive hydrophobic and polar interactions. The structure reveals the mechanism of specific recognition of p300 by HIF-1 alpha, and shows how HIF-1 alpha transactivation is regulated by asparagine hydroxylation.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Asparagine', 'Escherichia coli', 'Humans', 'Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Conformation', 'Protein Folding', 'Protein Structure, Secondary', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Trans-Activators', 'Transcription Factors', 'Transcriptional Activation', 'Zinc']
| 11,959,990
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.125.068.060', 'D12.125.095.165', 'D12.125.154.049'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.260.103.625.750', 'D12.776.930.125.625.750'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['E05.599.595'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.660'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['G01.154.651', 'G02.111.688'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['D12.776.260.755', 'D12.776.930.900', 'D12.776.964.925.984'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G05.308.800'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Acetone-celloidin method for the cytological and immunofluorescent study of cell cultures infected with various viruses].
|
A method was worked out for the extraction of a cell monolayer from test tubes with the use of 10 per cent acetone solution of celloidin. This made it possible to carry out parallel cytologic and immunofluorescent studies of cultures infected with various viruses. In contrast to the alcohol-ether celloidin used in histology the use of the acetone solution of celloidin, suggested by us, preserved to a larger extent the viruses of different structure and composition, and, therefore, was shown to be more suitable in immunofluorescent investigations. The method was employed for the cytologic and the immunofluorescent identification of newly isolated virus agents. It was also used in the controlled replication of noncytopathogenic and slightly cytopathogenic strains of bovine rotaviruses, corona viruses, respiratory-syncytial virus, pestivirus, and others that required roller cultivation. The celloidin method makes it possible to obtain from one to four preparations with material of the cell monolayer of each test tube, and renders it unnecessary to maintain permanently cultures on glass lamellas.
|
['Acetone', 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Cell Line', 'Collodion', 'Cytological Techniques', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Virus Cultivation', 'Viruses']
| 3,909,629
|
[['D02.522.064'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D25.720.099.500.439', 'J01.637.051.720.099.500.439'], ['E01.370.225.500', 'E05.200.500', 'E05.242'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['E01.370.225.875.970', 'E05.200.875.970'], ['B04']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A Hospital-Level Intervention to Improve Outcomes of Opioid Exposed Newborns.
|
PURPOSE: The purpose of this quality improvement project was to determine if non-pharmacologic strategies such as a rooming-in approach to care for newborns at risk of developing neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) would reduce total length of stay (LOS) and reduce the need for pharmacologic treatment.DESIGN AND METHODS: This was a quality improvement project utilizing a retrospective chart review. Records of newborns with in-utero methadone or buprenorphine exposure were reviewed who were born between January 2016-July 2017 and July 2017-August 2018 at Wellspan Health York Hospital. Starting in July 2017, newborns exposed to opioids who transitioned normally remained with their mothers for monitoring in the newborn nursery. Monitoring for withdrawal was continued on the pediatric floor after the mother's discharge from the post-partum floor.RESULTS: The primary outcome of total LOS was reduced from 14 days to 10.1 days (p = 0.014). The total length of pharmacologic treatment decreased from 15.68 days to 9.71 days (p = 0.023).CONCLUSIONS: A rooming-in approach to care including management on a pediatric floor can reduce total length of stay and the duration of pharmacologic treatment in newborns with NAS. Newborns with NAS can be safely managed in an inpatient pediatric floor.PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Implementing a rooming-in approach to care of newborns at risk of developing NAS can improve outcomes through a decreased length of hospital stay and decreased duration of pharmacologic treatment. This approach improves access to critical care services by safely monitoring newborns with NAS on an inpatient pediatric floor.
|
['Female', 'Humans', 'Infant Care', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Length of Stay', 'Mothers', 'Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome', 'Opiate Substitution Treatment', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Severity of Illness Index']
| 31,352,111
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.421.088.120'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['F01.829.263.500.320.200', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340.270', 'M01.620.630'], ['C16.614.610', 'C25.775.650', 'F03.900.650'], ['E02.319.620'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Thermostable inulinases secreted by yeast and yeast-like strains from the Brazilian semi-arid region.
|
The use of inulinases provides an alternative to the chemical process of inulin hydrolysis to obtain fructose syrup, and can reduce processing steps, time, and costs in the food industry. The objective of this work was to screen the thermostable inulinases produced by yeast and yeast-like strains isolated from the Brazilian semi-arid region. Thermostability was studied at different temperatures (60 degrees C, 70 degrees C, 80 degrees C and 90 degrees C) and for increasing periods of time (0-50 min). Thirty-three microorganisms were tested, and 27 showed inulinase activity with specific activities ranging from 0.98 to 73.79 micromol/mg protein/min. Three strains (CCMB 300, CCMB327 and CCMB328) showed the desired combination of high specific activity and a small reduction in residual activity when submitted to heat treatment (>or=60 degrees C). Our results indicate that the inulinases produced by these three yeast strains from the Brazilian semi-arid region have great potential to be used for inulin hydrolysis in the food industry.
|
['Brazil', 'Desert Climate', 'Enzyme Stability', 'Food Technology', 'Food-Processing Industry', 'Fructose', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Fungi', 'Glycoside Hydrolases', 'Hot Temperature', 'Hydrolysis', 'Inulin', 'Symbiosis', 'Time Factors', 'Yeasts']
| 19,353,366
|
[['Z01.107.757.176'], ['G16.500.275.071.325', 'N06.230.300.100.250.325'], ['E05.916.360', 'G02.111.700.500'], ['J01.576.423.850'], ['J01.576.423.200.400'], ['D09.947.875.359.250', 'D09.947.875.465.354'], ['D12.776.354'], ['B01.300'], ['D08.811.277.450'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['G02.380'], ['D05.750.078.562.855.750', 'D09.301.915.750', 'D09.698.350.500', 'D09.698.365.855.750'], ['G06.550.800', 'G16.840'], ['G01.910.857'], ['B01.300.930']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Incorporation of flow injection analysis with dual-wavelength overlapping resonance Rayleigh scattering for rapid determination of malachite green and its metabolite in fish.
|
A flow injection analysis (FIA) system combined with dual-wavelength overlapping resonance Rayleigh scattering (DWO-RRS) has been established and validated for rapid determination of malachite green (MG) and its metabolite in fish samples. Under experimental condition, MG would react with Erythrosin (Ery) to form ion-association complexes, resulting in the occurrence of two RRS peaks and a dramatic enhancement of RRS intensity. The maximum RRS peaks were located at 286 nm and 337 nm. It is noted that the increments of both of these two peaks were proportional to the concentration of MG. The detection limit of DWO-RRS was 1.5 ng/mL, which was comparable to several reported methods. Moreover, the results of real sample analysis exhibited an acceptable recovery between 97.5% and 103.6%, indicating that the method had good reproducibility.
|
['Animals', 'Erythrosine', 'Fishes', 'Flow Injection Analysis', 'Food Contamination', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Ions', 'Metals', 'Organometallic Compounds', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Rosaniline Dyes', 'Scattering, Radiation', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Surface-Active Agents']
| 24,769,380
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.455.426.779.347.350', 'D03.633.300.953.275.350', 'D04.711.347.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.493'], ['E05.196.460'], ['J01.576.423.850.730.500.249', 'N06.850.460.400', 'N06.850.601.500.249'], ['G02.300'], ['D01.248.497'], ['D01.552'], ['D02.691'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['D02.092.146.755'], ['E05.196.822', 'G01.867'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['D27.720.877']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Separation of gliadin at pH 3.1 in a polyacrylamide gel suitable for blotting procedures.
|
A polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis system for the separation of gliadin at acidic pH is described. The gel is cast at neutral pH with polymerization in 20 min. Equilibration of the gel to pH 3.1 takes place during the electrophoresis. The gel is highly uniform with good mechanical properties and therefore suitable for blotting procedures.
|
['Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Gliadin', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Immunosorbent Techniques', 'Plant Proteins', 'Triticum']
| 3,889,121
|
[['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['D12.776.765.433.500.500.400', 'D12.776.765.725.500.500.400'], ['G02.300'], ['E05.478.566.380', 'E05.601.470.380'], ['D12.776.765'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.918']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Thioxanthone as One-Component Type II Photoinitiator for Free Radical Polymerization in Organic and Aqueous Media.
|
A novel one-component type II polymeric photoinitiator, poly(vinyl alcohol)-thioxanthone (PVA-TX), is synthesized by a simple acetalization process and characterized. PVA-TX enables photopolymerization of methyl methacrylate and acrylamide in both organic and aqueous media. Photopolymerization proceeds even in the absence of a co-initiator since PVA-TX possesses both chromophoric and hydrogen donating sites in the structure.
|
['Acrylamide', 'Dimethylformamide', 'Free Radicals', 'Light', 'Methylmethacrylate', 'Photochemical Processes', 'Polymerization', 'Polyvinyl Alcohol', 'Solvents', 'Thioxanthenes', 'Water', 'Xanthones']
| 25,855,091
|
[['D02.065.122.015', 'D02.241.081.069.094.015'], ['D02.065.463.387', 'D02.241.081.420.500.387'], ['D01.339', 'D02.389'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['D02.241.081.069.800.550.450', 'D05.750.716.822.111.650.605.450', 'D25.720.716.822.111.650.605.450', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.111.650.605.450'], ['G02.740'], ['G02.750'], ['D02.033.750', 'D02.455.326.271.884.533.532', 'D05.750.716.721.616', 'D25.720.716.721.616', 'J01.637.051.720.716.721.616'], ['D27.720.844'], ['D02.886.952', 'D03.633.300.953.704'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925'], ['D03.633.300.953.852']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[A new psychophysiologic test, "The Information Test", and its possible use in cardiology].
|
The authors describe a new psychophysiological test based on the use of commercially available television apparatuses and aimed at determining the efficiency of information processing. The use of the test in 346 people has demonstrated its acceptability for building up psychoemotional tension and detecting the hypertensive hemodynamic response. The analysis of the results of the testing conducted in normal subjects and cardiovascular patients has permitted the selection of the most informative criteria of the test. These include the coefficient of information processing, and also the increment and time-course of the blood pressure. This standardized psychophysiological test may be employed in the diagnosis of the early stages of arterial hypertension and neurocirculatory dystonia.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Blood Pressure', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Child', 'Coronary Disease', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Middle Aged', 'Neurocirculatory Asthenia', 'Psychological Tests']
| 6,492,585
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['C14'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F03.080.500'], ['F04.711']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
End of life decisions in newborns in The Netherlands: medical and legal aspects of the Groningen protocol.
|
The international press has been full of blood chilling accounts concerning a supposedly new practice in the Netherlands of terminating the life of severely defective newborn babies with a protocol. Our aim is to give insight into the medical and legal aspects of this protocol and to describe its contents. The legal developments concerning termination of life in newborns in the Netherlands are being discussed.
|
['Advisory Committees', 'Clinical Protocols', 'Critical Care', 'Euthanasia', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Newborn, Diseases', 'Netherlands']
| 16,929,815
|
[['N03.706.742.500'], ['E02.183', 'N05.715.360.330.125'], ['E02.760.190', 'N02.421.585.190'], ['E02.760.905.199', 'I01.880.735.344.500', 'N02.421.585.905.199'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C16.614'], ['Z01.542.651']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
cGMP stimulates renin secretion in vivo by inhibiting phosphodiesterase-3.
|
The interaction between renin, nitric oxide (NO), and its second messenger cGMP is controversial. cAMP is the stimulatory second messenger for renin but is degraded by phosphodiesterases (PDEs). We previously reported that increasing endogenous cGMP in rats by inhibiting its breakdown by PDE-5 stimulated renin secretion rate (RSR). This could be reversed by selective inhibition of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). PDE-3 metabolizes cAMP, but this can be inhibited by cGMP, suggesting that renal cGMP could stimulate RSR by diminishing PDE-3 degradation of cAMP. Rats were anesthetized with Inactin before determination of blood pressure (BP), renal blood flow (RBF), and sampling of renal venous and arterial blood to determine RSR. In 13 rats, basal BP was 104 +/- 2 mmHg, RBF was 6.1 ml x min(-1) x g kidney wt(-1) and RSR was 2.9 +/- 1.4 ng ANG I x h(-1) x min(-1). Inhibiting PDE-5 with 20 mg/kg body wt i.p. Zaprinast did not change hemodynamic parameters but increased RSR fivefold to 12.2 +/- 4.9 ng ANG I x h(-1) x min(-1) (P < 0.05). Renal venous cAMP was increased by Zaprinast from 93.8 +/- 27.9 to 149.2 +/- 36.0 pM x min(-1) x g kidney wt(-1) (P < 0.05). When another 10 rats were treated with the PDE-3 inhibitor Milrinone (0.4 microg/min over 30 min, which did not affect hemodynamics), RSR was elevated to 10.4 +/- 4.4 ng ANG I x h(-1) x min(-1). Milrinone also increased renal venous cAMP from 212 +/- 29 to 304 +/- 29 pM x min(-1) x g kidney wt(-1) (P < 0.025). Administration of Zaprinast to rats pretreated with Milrinone (n = 10) did not further increase in RSR (7.5 +/- 3.3 ng ANG I x h(-1) x min(-1)). These results are consistent with endogenous renal cGMP inhibiting PDE-3, which diminishes renal metabolism of cAMP. The resulting increase in cAMP serves as an endogenous stimulus for renin secretion. This suggests a pathway by which NO can indirectly stimulate RSR through its second messenger cGMP.
|
["3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases", "3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases", 'Animals', 'Cyclic AMP', 'Cyclic GMP', 'Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 3', 'Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5', 'Furosemide', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Milrinone', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors', 'Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases', 'Purinones', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Renin', 'Second Messenger Systems']
| 16,449,359
|
[['D08.811.277.352.640.150', 'D12.644.360.008', 'D12.776.476.008'], ['D08.811.277.352.640.155', 'D12.644.360.009', 'D12.776.476.009'], ['B01.050'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.395', 'D13.695.462.200', 'D13.695.667.138.395', 'D13.695.827.068.395'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.160', 'D13.695.462.275', 'D13.695.667.454.160', 'D13.695.827.426.160'], ['D08.811.277.352.640.150.300', 'D12.644.360.008.300', 'D12.776.476.008.300'], ['D08.811.277.352.640.150.500', 'D08.811.277.352.640.155.500', 'D12.644.360.008.500', 'D12.644.360.009.500', 'D12.776.476.008.500', 'D12.776.476.009.500'], ['D02.065.884.725.300', 'D02.092.146.807.300', 'D02.886.590.700.725.300'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D02.092.080.085.543', 'D03.383.725.050.085.543'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D27.505.519.389.735'], ['D08.811.277.352.640'], ['D03.633.100.759.758'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D08.811.277.656.074.500.780', 'D08.811.277.656.300.048.780', 'D08.811.277.656.837.750'], ['G02.111.820.800', 'G04.835.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Methodologic variants of DNA blood stain analysis: extraction in agarose and digoxigenin marking].
|
DNA was extracted from 1 microliter bloodstains on glass, cotton cloth and paper using proteinase K digestion in a solution containing low gelling temperature agarose. This method is advantageous for small amounts of source material because the purifying procedures of other methods that contain a risk of loss of DNA, are avoided. The recovered DNA was digested with Hae III and after Southern blotting, a Digoxigenin labeled probe (Amprobe, human Y-chromosome specific repeat) was successfully used for sex determination. With this non-radioactive method quantities of DNA smaller than 1.5 pg were detected.
|
['Blood Grouping and Crossmatching', 'Blood Stains', 'DNA Probes', 'Digoxigenin', 'Digoxin', 'Female', 'Genetic Markers', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Sex Determination Analysis', 'Y Chromosome']
| 2,818,476
|
[['E01.370.225.625.120', 'E01.370.225.812.385.120', 'E05.200.625.120', 'E05.200.812.385.120', 'E05.478.594.385.120'], ['I01.198.780.937.206'], ['D13.444.600.223', 'D27.505.259.750.600.223', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223'], ['D04.210.500.155.580.130.688.350'], ['D04.210.500.155.580.130.500.436', 'D04.210.500.155.580.130.688', 'D09.408.180.261.436'], ['D23.101.387', 'G05.695.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.996', 'E05.200.996', 'E05.393.285.830'], ['A11.284.187.865.983', 'G05.360.162.865.983']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Nrf2 protects against diabetic dysfunction of endothelial progenitor cells via regulating cell senescence.
|
Diabetes is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. A decrease in the number and functionality of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) leads to reduced endothelial repair and the development of cardiovascular disease. The aim of the present study was to explore the effect and underlying mechanisms of nuclear factor erythroid 2‑related factor 2 (Nrf2) on EPC dysfunction caused by diabetic mellitus. The biological functions of EPCs in streptozotocin‑induced diabetic mice were evaluated, including migration, proliferation, angiogenesis and the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), stromal‑derived growth factor (SDF) and nitric oxide (NO). Oxidative stress levels in diabetic EPCs were also assessed by detecting intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA). EPC senescence was evaluated by measuring p16 and b‑gal expression and observing the senescence‑associated secretory phenotype. In addition, the function of EPCs and level of oxidative stress were assessed following Nrf2 silencing or activation. Nrf2 silencing resulted in a decrease of EPC biological functions, accelerated cell senescence and increased oxidative stress, as indicated by ROS and MDA upregulation accompanied with decreased SOD activity. Furthermore, Nrf2 silencing inhibited migration, proliferation and secretion in EPCs, while it increased oxidative stress and cell senescence. Nrf2 activation protected diabetic EPCs against the effects of oxidative stress and cell senescence, ameliorating the biological dysfunction of EPCs derived from mice with diabetes. In conclusion, Nrf2 overexpression protected against oxidative stress‑induced functional damage in EPCs derived from diabetic mice by regulating cell senescence.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Movement', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cellular Senescence', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'Endothelial Progenitor Cells', 'Male', 'Malondialdehyde', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'NF-E2-Related Factor 2', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Superoxide Dismutase', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A']
| 29,901,179
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['A11.251'], ['G04.043'], ['C18.452.394.750.074', 'C19.246.240', 'E05.598.500.374'], ['A11.148.174', 'A11.436.275.182'], ['D02.047.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['D12.776.260.108.737', 'D12.776.930.127.737'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['D08.811.682.881'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Scoliosis Surgery Significantly Impacts Motor Abilities in Higher-functioning Individuals with Spinal Muscular Atrophy1.
|
BACKGROUND: Weakness affects motor performance and causes skeletal deformities in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Scoliosis surgery decision-making is based on curve progression, pulmonary function, and skeletal maturity. Benefits include quality of life, sitting balance, and endurance. Post-operative functional decline has not been formally assessed.OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of scoliosis surgery on motor function in SMA types 2 and 3.METHODS: Prospective data were acquired during a multicenter natural history study. Seventeen participants (12 type 2, 5 type 3 with 4 of the 5 having lost the ability to ambulate) had motor function assessed using the Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale Expanded (HFMSE) performed pre-operatively and at least 3 months post-operatively. Independent t-tests determined group differences based on post-operative HFMSE changes, age, and baseline HFMSE scores.RESULTS: Three participants had minimal HFMSE changes (±2 points) representing stability (mean change = -0.7). Fourteen participants lost >3 points, representing a clinically meaningful progressive change (mean change = -12.1, SD = 8.9). No participant improved >2 points. There were no age differences between stable and progressive groups (p = 0.278), but there were significant differences between baseline HFMSE (p = 0.006) and change scores (p = 0.001). Post-operative changes were permanent over time.CONCLUSIONS: Scoliosis surgery has an immediate impact on function. Baseline HFMSE scores anticipate post-operative loss as higher motor function scores were associated with worse decline. Instrumentation that includes fixation to the pelvis reduces flexibility, limiting the ability for compensatory maneuvers. These observations provide information to alert clinicians regarding surgical risk and to counsel families.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Movement Disorders', 'Orthopedic Procedures', 'Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Scoliosis', 'Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood']
| 32,083,590
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.662'], ['E02.718', 'E04.555'], ['N04.761.559', 'N05.715.360.575'], ['C23.550.767'], ['C05.116.900.800.875'], ['C10.228.854.468.800', 'C10.574.500.812', 'C10.574.562.500.750', 'C10.668.467.500.750', 'C16.320.400.765']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A Scoring Tool to Estimate the Survival of Elderly Patients With Brain Metastases from Esophageal Cancer Receiving Whole-brain Irradiation.
|
BACKGROUND/AIM: Elderly patients with metastatic esophageal cancer may benefit from individualized therapies. A tool to predict the survival of such patients with brain metastases was created.PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 11 elderly patients (?65 years) receiving whole-brain irradiation (WBI) for brain metastases from esophageal cancer, age, gender, performance status, number of brain metastases, metastases outside the brain, time between cancer diagnosis and WBI, and WBI regimen were evaluated for survival.RESULTS: On univariate analyses, age ?73 years (p=0.046) and time between diagnosis of esophageal cancer and WBI ?6 months (p=0.046) were significantly associated with poorer survival. On multivariate analysis, both showed a trend. Based on these two factors, the following points were assigned: age ?72 years=1 point, age ?73 years=0 points; time between cancer diagnosis and WBI >6 months=1 point, and ?6 months=0 points. Three prognostic groups were thus formed: 0, 1 and 2 points. Survival rates of these groups at 6 months were 0%, 0% and 40% (p=0.012), respectively.CONCLUSION: This new tool allows estimation of survival and treatment individualization in elderly patients irradiated for brain metastases from esophageal cancer.
|
['Aged', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Cranial Irradiation', 'Esophageal Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Prognosis', 'Survival Rate', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 32,132,071
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['E02.815.190'], ['C04.588.274.476.205', 'C04.588.443.353', 'C06.301.371.205', 'C06.405.117.430', 'C06.405.249.205'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Heterogeneity in the biological and cultural determinants of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in five North American populations: the Lipid Research Clinics Family Study.
|
Heterogeneity in the source of familial resemblance for high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in 5 different Lipid Research Clinics (Cincinnati, Iowa, Minnesota, Oklahoma and Stanford) was assessed using a general linear model for cultural and biological inheritance. No evidence of heterogeneity was found in any of the parameters of the model. Under the most parsimonious hypothesis, using data pooled over all clinics, genetic and cultural heritability were both significant and were estimated to be 0.52 +/- 0.04 and 0.09 +/- 0.02, respectively; there was cultural transmission but no maternal effects; marital and nontransmitted sibship environmental resemblance were significant.
|
['Cholesterol, HDL', 'Environment', 'Female', 'Genetic Variation', 'Genetics, Population', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Models, Genetic', 'Phenotype', 'Statistics as Topic', 'United States']
| 2,613,250
|
[['D04.210.500.247.808.197.238', 'D10.532.432.400', 'D10.570.938.208.270', 'D12.776.521.479.470'], ['G16.500.275', 'N06.230'], ['G05.365'], ['H01.158.273.343.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['G05.695'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
The effects of lesions of telencephalic visual structures on visual discriminative performance in turtles (Chrysemys picta picta).
|
Ascending thalamotelencephalic visual pathways that terminate in specific telencephalic regions have been described in all reptiles studied. Although the anatomical data suggests that such telencephalic regions may play a role in visual processing in reptiles, few behavioral data are available. In the present study, the effects of destruction of either the core nucleus (CN) of the dorsal ventricular ridge (telencephalic terminus of the tectothalamofugal pathway) or the dorsal cortex (telencephalic terminus of the retinothalamofugal pathway) on visual discriminative performance in the turtle were examined. Following extensive bilateral destruction of the CN, turtles were severely impaired in their performance of both a simultaneous pattern discrimination and a simultaneous visual intensity discrimination. The extent of the discriminative impairment was found to be specifically correlated with the amount of CN damage. In contrast to the effects of CN lesions, lesions of the dorsal cortex had no evident effect on the performance of either a simultaneous pattern discrimination or a simultaneous visual intensity discrimination. The present results suggest that, as in birds and mammals, telencephalic visual areas play an important role in visual functions in reptiles. As in at least some birds (such as pigeons), the telencephalic terminus of the tectothalamofugal visual pathway appears to play a larger, or at least more readily measurable, role in visual discrimination than does the telencephalic terminus of the retinothalamofugal pathway.
|
['Animals', 'Brain Mapping', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Discrimination, Psychological', 'Female', 'Male', 'Pattern Recognition, Visual', 'Superior Colliculi', 'Telencephalon', 'Thalamus', 'Turtles', 'Visual Pathways', 'Visual Perception']
| 6,886,065
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['F02.463.593.257'], ['F02.463.593.524.500', 'F02.463.593.932.622'], ['A08.186.211.132.659.800.816'], ['A08.186.211.200.885'], ['A08.186.211.200.317.826'], ['B01.050.150.900.833.848'], ['A08.612.220.860'], ['F02.463.593.932']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Acute systemic toxicity and antihypertensive activity of a novel todralazine analog in rats.
|
Acute intravenous toxicity and antihypertensive activity of KB1, a novel todralazine analog was investigated and compared with the effects of todralazine (Td) in normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats. LD50 values were 72 mg.kg-1 for KB1, and 255 mg.kg-1 for Td in WKY and 43 mg.kg-1 or KB1 in SHR. Therefore, the toxicity of KB1 was higher than that of Td and it increased in SHR. The antihypertensive activity of KB1 (ED20% 9.8 mg.kg-1) in WKY was about 9 times less potent in comparison with Td (ED20% 1.1 mg.kg-1). Blood pressure reducing activity of KB1 augmented apparently in SHR (ED20% 2.5 mg.kg-1) whereas Td had not such an effect (ED20% 1.0). Thus, the influence of Td on blood pressure was similar in normotensive and hypertensive animals. Our results indicate that KB1 is capable of reducing blood pressure preferentially in hypertension.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Pressure', 'Hypertension', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred SHR', 'Rats, Inbred WKY', 'Todralazine']
| 8,036,918
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['C14.907.489'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.300', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.300'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.390', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.390'], ['D02.442.925', 'D03.383.710.605.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency: report of a case with onset in late infancy.
|
A case of holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) deficiency of late-infantile onset is presented and compared with the common manifestations in previously reported patients. Our patient had her first episode at 20 months followed by recurrent episodes of metabolic acidosis with ketolactic acidosis responding dramatically to a short trial of biotin and thiamin. The main clinical findings were metabolic acidosis with alteration in consciousness and respiration, which are in accordance with findings in earlier reported patients with both neonatal-onset and infantile-onset forms of HCS deficiency. The diagnosis of HCS deficiency was made only at the age of 5.5 years during a metabolic work-up when organic acid analysis was performed. This revealed elevated urinary excretion of the characteristics metabolites, 3-hydroxypropionate, 3-hydroxyisovalerate and methylcitrate, suggesting multiple carboxylase deficiency (MCD). MCD was demonstrated in fibroblasts of our patient, but only when the cells were grown in a medium with a very low biotin concentration of 10(-10) mol/L. Kinetics studies of reactivation of deficient propionyl-CoA carboxylase activity with biotin in intact fibroblasts revealed a midly decreased reactivation rate and only a 3-5 times higher biotin requirement as compared with controls. These findings are in accordance with a mild form of HCS deficiency. This child responded to 10 mg/day of biotin with normal lymphocyte carboxylase activities and adequate school performance at 10 years of age.
|
['Age of Onset', 'Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Metabolism, Inborn Errors']
| 10,234,606
|
[['N05.715.350.075.100', 'N06.850.490.250.100'], ['D08.811.464.259'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C16.320.565', 'C18.452.648']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Solid phase synthesis of oligonucleotides on a crosslinked polyacrylmorpholide support.
|
A suitable support for the synthesis of oligonucleotides by the phosphodi- and triester approaches was prepared by treatment of commercially available crosslinked polyacrylmorpholide beads with piperazine. The resulting polymer was used as a support for the synthesis of the self complementary decanucleotide d(T-C-G-G-A-T-C-C-G-A). An analog of dDMTrt in which one of the methoxy groups had been replaced by a carboxymethyloxy group was anchored to the polymer by an amide addition of an excess of protected nucleotide using phosphodiester methodology. Polymer supported synthesis by the phosphotriester approach of the octanucleotide d(T-T-T-T-T-T-T-T) and the hexanucleotide d(G-C-C-C-A-T) is also described. In this case 5'-O-dimethoxytritylthymidine 3'-O-monophthalate was synthesized and linked to the piperazinylated polymer. For the chain extension(3' to 5') a very simple deprotection and coupling cycle was devised.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Esters', 'Indicators and Reagents', 'Methods', 'Oligodeoxyribonucleotides', 'Oligonucleotides']
| 7,255,171
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D02.241.400'], ['D27.720.470.410'], ['E05.581'], ['D13.695.578.424.450'], ['D13.695.578.424']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
C825T polymorphism of the G-protein â3 subunit and its association with essential hypertension in Uzbek males.
|
OBJECTIVES: We investigated the association between the C825T polymorphism of the G-protein â3 subunit (GNB3) gene with essential hypertension (EH) and cardiovascular remodeling markers in Uzbek males.STUDY DESIGN: The study included 174 Uzbek men (mean age 49±10 years) with untreated EH of stage 1-2 and 60 normotensive males. The C825T polymorphism of the GNB3 gene in the patient and control groups was determined by polymerase chain reaction. The patients were assessed with blood pressure measurements, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, body mass index (BMI), carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT), flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery, echocardiography, and urinary albumin excretion (UAE) level.RESULTS: The frequencies of the CC, CT, and TT genotypes were 36.8%, 53.5%, and 9.8% in hypertensive men, and 0%, 83.3%, and 16.7% in healthy men, respectively (p=0.0001). The frequencies of the C and T alleles were 63.8% and 36.2% in the hypertensive group, and 41.7% and 58.3% in the control group, respectively (p=0.0001). The CC genotype exhibited a significantly greater risk for hypertension compared to CT and TT genotypes (OR=72.38, 95% CI 4.40-1190.34). The C825 allele showed a higher association with hypertension in comparison to the 825T allele (OR 2.41, 95% CI 1.58-3.68). Compared to patients with the CT+TT genotypes, the CC genotype carriers had significantly higher BMI (p=0.0001), systolic (p=0.0001) and diastolic (p=0.003) blood pressures (SBP/DBP), higher nighttime DBP (p=0.042), a greater nighttime variability in both SBP and DBP (p=0.002), and greater carotid artery IMT (p=0.0001) and UAE (p=0.015) values.CONCLUSION: Our findings show a significant association between the GNB3/C825T gene polymorphism and EH, with the CC genotype exhibiting higher blood pressure, BMI, and vascular remodeling markers in Uzbek hypertensive men.
|
['Blood Pressure', 'Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Echocardiography', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Genotype', 'Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Protein Subunits', 'Turkey']
| 21,532,295
|
[['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.370.140.100', 'E01.370.520.500.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['G05.380'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.200', 'D12.644.360.360', 'D12.776.157.325.332', 'D12.776.476.375', 'D12.776.543.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G05.365.795'], ['D12.776.813'], ['Z01.252.245.500.850']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The Italian National Health Service expenditure on workplace prevention and safety (2006-2013): a national-level analysis.
|
BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization (WHO) stated that countries' health policies should give high priority to primary prevention of occupational health hazards. Scant data are available on health expenditure on workplace prevention and safety services and on its impact on occupational health outcomes in Italy and in other European countries.STUDY DESIGN: objective of the present study was to systematically retrieve, analyse and critically appraise the available national-level data on public health expenditure on workplace prevention and safety services as well as to correlate them with occupational health outcomes.METHODS: National-level data on total public health expenditure on prevention services, its share spent on workplace prevention and safety services as well as on number of workers receiving appropriate health surveillance were derived from the national public health expenditure monitoring system over a 8-year study period (2006-2013). An analytic approach was adopted to explore the association between health expenditure and occupational health services supply.RESULTS: The Italian National Health Service spends almost € 5 billion per year on preventive care, of which 13.3% are spent on workplace prevention and safety programmes (€ 645 million, € 10.6 per capita). There is wide heterogeneity between Italian regions.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings are useful for health systems and policies analysis, national and international comparisons as well as for health policy makers to plan, implement and monitor occupational health prevention programmes.
|
['Health Expenditures', 'Health Policy', 'Health Promotion', 'Humans', 'Italy', 'National Health Programs', 'Preventive Medicine', 'Safety', 'Workplace', 'World Health Organization']
| 27,627,662
|
[['N03.219.151.450', 'N05.300.385'], ['I01.655.500.608.400', 'I01.880.604.825.608.400', 'N03.623.500.608.428'], ['I02.233.332.445', 'N02.421.726.407.579'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['N03.349.550'], ['H02.403.720.750'], ['N06.850.135.060.075'], ['N01.824.245.925', 'N04.452.677.975'], ['N03.540.514.718.800']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Real time control for reduced aeration and chemical consumption: a full scale study.
|
The use of the activated sludge process (ASP) for the nitrification/denitrification of wastewaters is commonplace throughout the UK and many other parts of the industrial world. Associated with this process are significant costs arising from aeration requirements and for selected sites, the need to provide an external carbon source. These costs can constitute up to of 50% of the total running cost of the whole plant and as such, any effort to reduce them could realise significant benefits. This paper investigates the use of real time control (RTC) using online sensors and control algorithms to optimise the operation of the ASP, leading to greater efficiency and sustainability. Trials were undertaken at full scale to assess the benefit of such a system at a 250,000 population equivalent (PE) works on the south coast of the UK, using Activated sludge model No.1 (ASM 1) as a basis for the control system. Initial results indicate that it is possible to significantly reduce both aeration and chemical consumption costs whilst still delivering the required effluent quality. Over the trial period the aeration requirements were consistently reduced by 20% whereas, a reduction in methanol consumption of in excess of 50% was observed.
|
['Air', 'Ammonia', 'Bioreactors', 'Nitrates', 'Nitrogen', 'Oxygen', 'Sewage', 'Time Factors', 'United Kingdom', 'Waste Disposal, Fluid', 'Water', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 20,418,611
|
[['G16.500.275.063.150', 'N06.230.300.100.150'], ['D01.362.075', 'D01.625.050'], ['E07.115', 'J01.897.120.115'], ['D01.248.497.158.606', 'D01.625.525.550', 'D02.583'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['D20.944.932.500'], ['G01.910.857'], ['Z01.542.363'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Primary tracheo-esophageal puncture voice restoration with laryngectomy.
|
In 1979 Singer and Blom introduced a technique of tracheo-esophageal puncture for restoration of voice in the post-laryngectomy patient. This procedure is usually done as a staged secondary procedure, six months after the primary laryngectomy. This study compares 13 patients who have had a laryngectomy and primary tracheo-esophageal fistula formation with 13 patients in whom the procedure is performed as a delayed operation. A clinical evaluation of the results of tracheo-esophageal puncture is presented. Acceptable results were obtained in 77% of the primary tracheo-esophageal puncture group whereas only 54% of the delayed group attained acceptable results. The advantages of primary tracheo-esophageal puncture include an improved patient morale and acceptance of the procedure, as well as the ability to feed the patient through the Foley catheter. The disadvantages of performing the procedure primarily include an increased rate of postoperative mucocutaneous fistula. The relationship of the tracheo-esophageal puncture to the increased fistulization rate is discussed. Further experience is required before firm conclusions can be drawn about the role this procedure will take in the management of patients for cancer of the larynx.
|
['Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Laryngectomy', 'Larynx, Artificial', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Punctures', 'Speech, Alaryngeal', 'Speech, Esophageal', 'Time Factors', 'Trachea']
| 3,712,547
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.580.369'], ['E07.695.450', 'E07.858.082.595'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E02.800', 'E04.665'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.727.541', 'E02.831.727.541'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.727.541.677', 'E02.831.727.541.677'], ['G01.910.857'], ['A04.889']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The physician in the technological age.
|
Translator's summary and notes: Karl Jaspers (1883-1969) argues that modern advances in the natural sciences and in technology have exerted transforming influence on the art of clinical medicine and on its ancient Hippocratic ideal, even though Plato's classical argument about slave physicians and free physicians retains essential relevance for the physician of today. Medicine should be rooted not only in science and technology, but in the humanity of the physician as well. Jaspers thus shows how, within the mind of every medical person, the researcher contests with the physician and the technician with the humanist. Jaspers therefore opposes all modern tendencies that regard men as abstractions. As a creative existentialist influenced by Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, and Husserl, he reasons that clinical medicine should always treat patients as irreducable individuals, and his thinking on psychotherapy argues for a realm of interiority, freedom, intelligibility, and existential communication that transcends the reach of the causal thinking of natural science. This essay, written in 1959, reflects Jaspers' lifelong preoccupation with the philosophical meaning of medicine (he received his MD degree in 1909) and the totality of the human person. It should significantly enhance our own comprehension of medical power, dangers, reasoning, and accomplishments.
|
['Communication', 'Existentialism', 'Humanism', 'Humans', 'Medical Laboratory Science', 'Philosophy, Medical']
| 2,603,158
|
[['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['F02.739.418', 'K01.752.304'], ['K01.752.566.479.174', 'N05.350.835'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.010.450', 'J01.897.480'], ['K01.752.667']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Chemical force microscopy with active enzymes.
|
The adhesion forces have been measured between an atomic force microscope tip derivatized with an active enzyme, shikimate kinase, and an ATP mimic immobilized on a gold surface. Experiments with competitive binding of other ligands in solution show that the observed adhesion forces arise predominantly from specific interactions between the immobilized enzyme and surface-bound adenine derivative. These experiments represent a step in the development of a screening methodology based upon chemical force microscopy.
|
['Binding, Competitive', 'Catalysis', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Enzymes', 'Gold', 'Kinetics', 'Ligands', 'Microscopy, Atomic Force', 'Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)', 'Protein Binding', 'Shikimic Acid', 'Spectrophotometry, Infrared', 'Surface Plasmon Resonance', 'Time Factors']
| 11,325,745
|
[['E05.196.080', 'G02.111.084', 'G02.111.570.120.309'], ['G02.130'], ['G04.022'], ['D08.811'], ['D01.268.556.322', 'D01.268.956.186', 'D01.552.544.322'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['E01.370.350.515.666.400', 'E05.595.666.400'], ['D08.811.913.696.620'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D02.241.223.268.792', 'D02.241.511.852', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.750'], ['E05.196.712.726.676', 'E05.196.867.826.676'], ['E05.196.890', 'E05.601.043.700'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Neuromelanin of the human substantia nigra: a mixed-type melanin.
|
Model melanins, synthesized with different cysteinyldopamine/dopamine ratios in the incubates, were oxidized with KMnO4 and the resulting compounds were analyzed by HPLC. The ratios between a phaeomelanin-derived compound, thiazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid (TDCA), and a compound derived from eumelanin, pyrrole-2,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (PTCA), reflected the composition of the model melanins. The neuromelanin of the human substantia nigra was isolated, and the pigment, as well as intact brain tissue from human substantia nigra was oxidized with KMnO4 and the TDCA/PTCA ratios were determined. Analysis of the isolated neuromelanin showed it to contain 2.3% sulfur and 8.1% nitrogen. The sulfur content indicates the pigment is a mixed-type melanin, and the TDCA/PTCA ratio indicates that it consists of units derived from benzothiazines and from indoles in about equal amounts.
|
['Autopsy', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry', 'Humans', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Melanins', 'Potassium Permanganate', 'Substantia Nigra']
| 8,158,151
|
[['E01.370.060', 'E05.070', 'I01.198.780.937.120'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['E05.196.181.349.500', 'E05.196.566.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.196.566'], ['D12.125.072.050.875.379', 'D23.767.620'], ['D01.530.700', 'D01.745.750'], ['A08.186.211.132.659.413.656']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pathological prognostic factors in breast carcinoma.
|
OBJECTIVE: Pathological prognostic factors in breast cancer are now widely used to predict biological behavior of cancer and to plan its effective management. In this paper, we attempt to evaluate the reports from our histopathology laboratory spanning over a period of 4 years, to assess completeness in recording these factors. It will enable us to improve and standardize reporting on breast cancer.METHODS: The pathology reports of primary carcinoma of the breast diagnosed in our laboratory from 1st January 1994 to 31st December 1997 (4 year period) were reviewed for details on tumor size, histological type and grade, presence or absence of tumor emboli in vascular channels, proximity of the tumor to resection margins and lymph node status.RESULTS: Tumor size was not recorded in 1 case each in 1994, 1995 and 1996 and 2 cases in 1997. Histological type was mentioned in all cases in 1995 and 1997. It was not mentioned in 1 case in 1994 and 3 cases in 1996. Out of 77 cases with axillary clearance, the total number of lymph nodes was recorded in 83% of cases. The number of lymph nodes with metastasis was recorded in 71% of cases.CONCLUSION: Our histopathology laboratory receives the majority of surgical biopsies carried out in the Sultanate of Oman. During our study period we received a total of 45354 biopsies. From 1993 onwards, pathological prognostic factors of breast carcinoma were incorporated in our pathology reports following the publication of major and leading articles regarding the same. This study shows an improvement in the quality of reports after introducing this concept in 1994. This study clearly reveals the necessity for written protocols to be established, to standardize and improve the quality of reporting.
|
['Biopsy', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymph Node Excision', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Mastectomy', 'Medical Audit', 'Medical Records', 'Needs Assessment', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Oman', 'Population Surveillance', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 11,533,822
|
[['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.446'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['E04.466'], ['N04.761.700.250.500', 'N05.700.175.500'], ['E05.318.308.940.968', 'N04.452.859.564', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968'], ['I02.594', 'N03.349.380.565', 'N05.300.537'], ['E01.789.625'], ['Z01.252.245.500.600'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675'], ['N04.761.700.350.650', 'N05.700.350.650'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Prognosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction treated with â-blockers: A propensity matched study in the community.
|
BACKGROUND: The effect of treatment with â-blockers on the prognosis of patients newly diagnosed with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is unknown.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship of commencing treatment with the â-blockers bisoprolol or carvedilol (CT-âB) with the prognosis of newly diagnosed HFpEF.METHODS: Prospective study over 10years on 2704 patients with HFpEF. Main outcomes were mortality (all-cause and cardiovascular), hospitalizations for HF worsening, and visits. The independent relationship between CT-âB and the prognosis, stratifying patients for cardiovascular co-morbidity after propensity score-matching (985 patients CT-âB vs. another 985 patients non-CT-âB), was analyzed.RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 1877.4days (interquartile range, 1-3651.2) 1600 died (81.2%), and 1702 were hospitalized (86.4%). CT-âB was associated with a lower risk of mortality (all-cause: HR [CI 95%] 0.78 [0.71 to 0.85], and cardiovascular: 0.75 [0.69 to 0.82]), a lower hospitalization rate (per 100 persons-year), 15.8 vs. 19.2, and a lower 30-day readmission rate (per 100 persons-year), 4.0 vs. 5.8, (P<0.001 in all cases), even after adjustment for the propensity to take â-blockers or other medications, comorbidities, and other potential confounders. These effects of CT-âB were independent of gender, and were observed in both patients taking high dose âB (over the median dose) and lower dose âB (under or equal to the median dose).CONCLUSIONS: In this propensity matched study, commencing treatment with bisoprolol or carvedilol, both at high and at lower doses, is associated with an improved prognosis of patients newly diagnosed with HFpEF.
|
['Adrenergic beta-Antagonists', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Heart Failure', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Propensity Score', 'Prospective Studies', 'Residence Characteristics', 'Stroke Volume', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 27,513,657
|
[['D27.505.519.625.050.200.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.200.200'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C14.280.434'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.600.675', 'N05.715.360.750.625.620', 'N06.850.520.830.600.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['N01.224.791', 'N06.850.505.400.800'], ['E01.370.370.380.150.700', 'G09.330.380.124.882'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Estrogen and androgen receptors in the liver of cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis).
|
Estrogen receptors (ER) and androgen receptors (AR) were evaluated in the hepatic cytosol from cynomolgus macaques to determine if there were differences associated with gender and endogenous hormone secretion. Saturable, high affinity binding (Kd = 0.2-0.8 nM) was demonstrated for both ER and AR from either male or female monkeys. Displacement of tritiated estradiol from the ER was estrogen specific (including ethinyl estradiol). Both androgens and the synthetic progestins (levonorgestrel and norethindrone) displaced tritiated mibolerone from the AR. Both 8S and 4S molecular forms of ER and AR were demonstrated on 5-20% sucrose density gradients. The ER levels were higher in females in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle (40.5 +/- 1.9 fmol/mg protein) than levels in males (26.4 +/- 4.8 fmol/mg protein; P less than 0.01) or levels in luteal phase females (31.8 +/- 2.4 fmol/mg protein; P less than 0.05). AR levels were not different between females during different phases of the menstrual cycle (65.8 +/- 4.6 and 69.5 +/- 4.3 fmol/mg protein, follicular and luteal, respectively), but there was a tendency (P less than 0.10) for the levels in males (54.4 +/- 6.6 fmol/mg protein) to be lower than female levels. The demonstration of saturable, high affinity binding of androgens and estrogens in liver tissue of these primates, along with differences associated with gender and the stage of the menstrual cycle, suggests that hepatic receptors are functional and may play an important role in hepatic protein secretion.
|
['Animals', 'Cytosol', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Liver', 'Macaca fascicularis', 'Male', 'Menstrual Cycle', 'Molybdenum', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Receptors, Androgen', 'Receptors, Estrogen', 'Sex Factors']
| 3,586,659
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510.520'], ['G08.686.605'], ['D01.268.556.555', 'D01.268.956.500', 'D01.552.544.555'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.826.750.150'], ['D12.776.826.750.350', 'D12.776.930.778.350'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Relationship between aging and renal high-affinity sodium-dependent dicarboxylate cotransporter-3 expression characterized with antifusion protein antibody.
|
Sodium-dependent dicarboxylate cotransporter (NaDC), which is responsible for the transportation of intermediates of the Krebs cycle, has been implicated in extending the life span of drosophila. In the present study, we cloned an intracellular domain segment of human kidney NaDC-3, which is 75% identical to that of the rat, constructed a polyclonal antibody against fusion protein of glutathione S-transferase (GST)-NaDC-3, and detected its renal expression changes with aging in both Wistar rats and normal humans. Western blot and immunohistochemistry confirmed the specificity of the antibody, and its location was found to be on the basolateral membrane of the renal proximal tubule. In addition, Western and Northern blots showed that NaDC-3 in kidneys significantly increased with age in Wistar rats. In healthy humans, renal NaDC-3 abundance also increased with age. Our results demonstrated that NaDC-3 expression was increased in aged Wistar rats and aged people, indicating that NaDC-3 may have a role in the process of kidney aging.
|
['Aging', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Antibodies', 'Blotting, Northern', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Dicarboxylic Acid Transporters', 'Epitopes', 'Glutathione Transferase', 'Humans', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Dependent', 'Rabbits', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Symporters']
| 14,570,853
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['E05.196.401.095', 'E05.301.300.074', 'E05.601.100'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.074.500.199', 'D12.776.543.585.450.074.500.149'], ['D23.050.550'], ['D08.811.913.225.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['A05.810.453'], ['D12.776.543'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.074.500.687', 'D12.776.543.585.450.074.500.812'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.625', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Restraints rock.
|
Restraint issues can create problems for staff, patients, and family. To meet the Joint Commission's restraint rules, a multidisciplinary education plan included alternative and distractive devices for patients. Use of restraints decreased markedly as staff members' knowledge and attitude improved.
|
['Accidental Falls', 'Aged', 'Arkansas', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Clinical Competence', 'Confusion', 'Education, Nursing, Continuing', 'Geriatric Nursing', 'Guideline Adherence', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Inservice Training', 'Interior Design and Furnishings', 'Nursing Assessment', 'Nursing Education Research', 'Nursing Staff, Hospital', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic', 'Program Evaluation', 'Quality Assurance, Health Care', 'Restraint, Physical']
| 15,127,531
|
[['N06.850.135.122'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['Z01.107.567.875.750.110'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['C10.597.606.337', 'C23.888.592.604.339', 'F01.700.250'], ['I02.358.212.450', 'I02.358.462.399'], ['H02.478.676.236', 'N02.421.533.245'], ['N04.761.337', 'N05.715.360.395'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I02.574'], ['J01.086.339.290'], ['N04.590.233.508.480'], ['H01.770.644.145.390.413', 'H02.478.395.413', 'I02.358.462.612', 'N04.590.233.508.613.413'], ['M01.526.485.680.490', 'M01.526.485.740.523', 'N02.360.680.490', 'N02.360.740.523'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['N04.761.700.350.650', 'N05.700.350.650'], ['E05.337.820', 'N04.761.685', 'N05.715.360.650'], ['N04.761.700', 'N05.700'], ['E02.085.700', 'E05.472.760']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Two SH2 domains of p120 Ras GTPase-activating protein bind synergistically to tyrosine phosphorylated p190 Rho GTPase-activating protein.
|
p120 GTPase-activating protein (GAP) is a negative regulator of Ras that functions at a key relay point in signal transduction pathways that control cell proliferation. Among other proteins, p120 GAP associates with p190, a GAP for the Ras-related protein, Rho. To characterize the p120.p190 interaction further, we used bacterially expressed glutathione S-transferase fusion polypeptides to map the regions of p120 necessary for its interactions with p190. Our results show that both the N-terminal and the C-terminal SH2 domains of p120 are individually capable of binding p190 expressed in a baculovirus/insect cell system. Moreover, the two SH2 domains together on one polypeptide bind synergistically to p190, and this interaction is dependent on tyrosine phosphorylation of p190. In addition, mutation of the highly conserved Arg residues in the critical FLVR sequences of both SH2 domains of full-length p120 reduces binding to tyrosine-phosphorylated p190. The dependence on p190 phosphorylation for complex formation with p120 SH2 domains observed in vitro is consistent with analysis of the native p120.p190 complexes formed in vivo. These findings suggest that SH2-phosphotyrosine interaction is one mechanism by which the cell regulates p120.p190 association and thus may be a means for coordinating the Ras- and Rho-mediated signaling pathways.
|
['Animals', 'Baculoviridae', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Line', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'GTPase-Activating Proteins', 'Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors', 'Humans', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Phosphoproteins', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Binding', 'Proteins', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Signal Transduction', 'Spodoptera', 'Tyrosine', 'ras GTPase-Activating Proteins', 'ras-GRF1']
| 7,629,101
|
[['B01.050'], ['B04.280.065', 'B04.525.100'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['A11.251.210'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D12.644.360.325.150', 'D12.776.476.325.150'], ['D12.644.360.325.300', 'D12.776.476.325.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.660'], ['D12.776.744'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.937.650.700'], ['D12.125.072.050.875'], ['D12.644.360.325.150.500', 'D12.776.476.325.150.500'], ['D12.644.360.325.300.700.500', 'D12.776.476.325.300.700.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Idiopathic scoliosis, growth zones, magnetic therapy.
|
BACKGROUND: The study has been performed to investigate the influence of pulsed magnetic field on the bone growth plates to get new grounds of magneto therapy in AIS treatment.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Were used methods of "strong" and "weak" pulsed magnetic fields influence.RESULTS: Application of pulsed magnetic field causes an authentic inhibition of chondrocytes' active proliferation processes, decreases the index of labeled nuclei, indicating the suppression of DNA synthesis, takes place an increase in the unit weight of the more "mature" differentiated chondrocytes. The final result of these effects is the accelerated synostosis of bones' growth plates.CONCLUSION: Regardless of the reasons that cause growth infringements, the operating organ in the chain is the body's growth plate. Therefore, the appliance of magnetic fields in AIS treatment can be considered as a perspective one concerning growth plates' functional activity local management. To our point of view, the potential of magneto therapy methods in child's orthopedic treatment is significantly higher compared with modern practice.
|
['Animals', 'Growth Plate', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Field Therapy', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Rabbits', 'Scoliosis']
| 22,744,538
|
[['B01.050'], ['A02.835.232.251.352'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.621'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['C05.116.900.800.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Should doctors contribute more to the development of computer-based information systems at hospitals?].
|
In our X-ray department we have used a commercially available database computer program to design a system for storing information about the X-ray examinations performed. The system runs on a local area network. We have been able to quickly modify the system in the light of feedback from the users. Using modern database programs for personal computers has made it quite easy for doctors to participate directly in the design of information systems for use in hospitals.
|
['Hospital Information Systems', 'Microcomputers', 'Norway', 'Physicians', 'Radiology Department, Hospital']
| 2,339,407
|
[['N04.452.442.452.452', 'N04.452.515.360'], ['L01.224.230.260.550'], ['Z01.542.816.374'], ['M01.526.485.810', 'N02.360.810'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.695', 'N04.452.442.452.422.695']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Correlations between prolactin and somatotropic hormone in human breast cancer].
|
The authors review any possible correlation between prolactin and growth hormone in human breast cancer. They find neither a significant relationship between growth hormone and breast cancer nor between prolactin and growth hormone. In many cases however, prolactin levels may be used as a neoplastic marker. The excess of prolactin could originate either in a tumor factor stimulating its secretion by the hypophysis or in an ectopic production of the hormone by tumor tissue.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Climacteric', 'Female', 'Growth Hormone', 'Humans', 'Menopause', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Postoperative Period', 'Prolactin']
| 7,209,107
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['G08.686.157', 'G08.686.841.249'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.425', 'D12.644.548.691.525.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.157.500', 'G08.686.841.249.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['E04.614.750', 'N02.421.585.753.750'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.773', 'D06.472.699.631.525.525', 'D12.644.548.691.525.525']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Comparison of formaldehyde emission from building finishing materials at various temperatures in under heating system; ONDOL.
|
UNLABELLED: The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of various temperatures, room, 37 and 50 degrees C, on formaldehyde emission from floor materials, such as laminate and plywood floorings, and furniture materials, such as MDF and particleboard veneered with decorative paper foil, by desiccator's method. The temperature conditions were set up by, measuring the temperature in a Korean under heating system. To maintain an indoor air temperature of 20 degrees C, the temperature of the flooring surface was about 37 degrees C and the temperature of the cement mortar was 50 degrees C. The initial formaldehyde emission of the laminate flooring and plywood flooring was 1.44 and 0.63 mg/l, and for MDF and particleboard it was 4.73 and 4.95 mg/l, respectively. Floor materials were under E1 grade while furniture materials were under E2 grade in terms of formaldehyde emission. Because of the under heating system, the flooring materials were exposed to 37 and 50 degrees C, while the furniture materials mostly existed at room temperature. At 37 and 50 degrees C, the formaldehyde emission level of the flooring materials was already under 0.3 ppm (F level by JIS A 1460, application possibility without area limit) after 10 days and the emission had decreased further (0.03-0.10 mg/l) after 28 days. These levels are not injurious to the human body and will not cause sick house syndrome (SHS). The problem, however, is the furniture materials such as MDF and particleboard. As these materials are not exposed to high temperature (50 degrees C in this experiment) in living condition, it was still E2 grade of formaldehyde emission level at room temperature remained even after 28 days. Although there will be variations with the volume of furniture materials and the indoor conditions, furniture materials are the principal cause of indoor air quality pollution in Korean with the under heating system.PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Koreans spend most of their time sitting on ONDOL (heated) floors, with their buttocks always in contact with the floor surface. The flooring materials are exposed to high temperatures (37-50 degrees C) why the effect of bake-out is rapid. The emission of formaldehyde from furniture materials are more important for the IAQ because usually MDF and particleboard of E2 grade are being used as furniture materials in Korea.
|
['Air Pollution, Indoor', 'Carcinogens, Environmental', 'Construction Materials', 'Floors and Floorcoverings', 'Formaldehyde', 'Heating', 'Humans', 'Korea', 'Temperature']
| 16,108,904
|
[['N06.850.460.100.080'], ['D27.888.569.100.125'], ['J01.637.241'], ['J01.086.339.140'], ['D02.047.407'], ['N06.230.150.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.557', 'Z01.586.407'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[Evaluation of vascular risk factors in primary open-angle glaucoma using doppler sonography].
|
UNLABELLED: Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is a syndrome of progressive optic neuropathy characterized by optic nerve head excavation and visual field defects. Poor correlation between intraocular pressure (IOP) and progression of glaucoma disease puts vascular mechanism in the center of attention. By color Doppler sonography, quantification of blood flow changes in the vessels which supplying optic nerve head is possible.AIM: To examine the antiglaucomatous action of selective-blockers by color Doppler sonography.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-four patients (88 eyes) were divided into two groups: group 1 treated with selective beta-blockers and group 2 treated with nonselective beta-blockers. Vascular indices (RI, PI) were measured in the central retinal artery and posterior ciliary arteries.RESULTS: Decreased blood flow and increased vascular indices were found in both groups, with a statistically significant difference between group 1 and group 2. Blood flow velocity was higher and vascular indices were lower in group 1 (Betoptic 0.5%) than in group 2 (Timolol 0.5%).CONCLUSIONS: beta-blockers, selective (betaxolol-calcium channel blockers) have more potent vasoactive and neuroprotective action. Color Doppler sonography is useful in the quantification of blood flow changes in the vessels in patients with POAG.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Ciliary Arteries', 'Glaucoma, Open-Angle', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Pulse', 'Retinal Artery', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color', 'Vascular Resistance']
| 12,630,340
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['A07.015.114.248'], ['C11.525.381.407'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.370.380.650', 'G09.330.380.750'], ['A07.015.114.765', 'A07.015.611.647'], ['E01.370.350.850.850.850.850'], ['G09.330.380.921']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Structural determinants for the action of grayanotoxin in D1 S4-S5 and D4 S4-S5 intracellular linkers of sodium channel alpha-subunits.
|
We located a novel binding site for grayanotoxin on the cytoplasmic linkers of voltage-dependent cardiac (rH1) or skeletal-muscle (mu 1) Na(+) channel isoforms (segments S4-S5 in domains D1 and D4), using the alanine scanning substitution method. GTX-modification of Na(+) channels, transiently expressed in HEK 293 cells, was evaluated under whole-cell voltage clamp, from the ratio of maximum chord conductance for modified and unmodified Na(+) channels. In mu 1, mutations K237A, L243A, S246A, K248A, K249A, L250A, S251A, or T1463A, caused a moderate, but statistically significant decrease in this ratio. On making corresponding mutations in rH1, only L244A dramatically reduced the ratio. Because in mu 1, the serine at position 251 is the only heterologous residue with respect to rH1 (Ala-252), we made a double mutant L243A&S251A to match the sequence of mu 1 and rH1 in S4-S5 linkers of both domains. This double mutation resulted in a significant decrease in the ratio, to the same extent as L244A substitution in rH1 did, indicating that the site at Leu-244 in rH1 or at Leu-243 in mu 1 is a novel one, exhibiting a synergistic effect of grayanotoxin.
|
['Alanine', 'Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Diterpenes', 'Ion Channel Gating', 'Kinetics', 'Mutagenesis', 'Protein Conformation', 'Rats', 'Sodium Channels', 'Toxins, Biological']
| 12,150,970
|
[['D12.125.042'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['D02.455.849.291'], ['G02.111.820.400', 'G04.835.400', 'G07.265.625'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['G05.558'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.875', 'D12.776.543.550.450.875', 'D12.776.543.585.400.875'], ['D23.946']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Statistical methods for characterizing transfusion-related changes in regional oxygenation using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in preterm infants.
|
Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is an imaging-based diagnostic tool that provides non-invasive and continuous evaluation of regional tissue oxygenation in real-time. In recent years, NIRS has shown promise as a useful monitoring technology to help detect relative tissue ischemia that could lead to significant morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. However, some issues inherent in NIRS technology use on neonates, such as wide fluctuation in signals, signal dropout and low limit of detection of the device, pose challenges that may obscure reliable interpretation of the NIRS measurements using current methods of analysis. In this paper, we propose new nonparametric statistical methods to analyze mesenteric rSO2 (regional oxygenation) produced by NIRS to evaluate oxygenation in intestinal tissues and investigate oxygenation response to red blood cell transfusion (RBC) in preterm infants. Specifically, we present a mean area under the curve (MAUC) measure and a slope measure to capture the mean rSO2 level and temporal trajectory of rSO2, respectively. We develop estimation methods for the measures based on multiple imputation and spline smoothing and further propose novel nonparametric testing procedures to detect RBC-related changes in mesenteric oxygenation in preterm infants. Through simulation studies, we show that the proposed methods demonstrate improved accuracy in characterizing the mean level and changing pattern of mesenteric rSO2 and also increased statistical power in detecting RBC-related changes, as compared with standard approaches. We apply our methods to a NIRS study in preterm infants receiving RBC transfusion from Emory University to evaluate the pre- and post-transfusion mesenteric oxygenation in preterm infants.
|
['Area Under Curve', 'Erythrocyte Transfusion', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Premature', 'Male', 'Mesentery', 'Oxygen', 'Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared', 'Statistics, Nonparametric']
| 29,996,701
|
[['E05.318.740.200', 'G03.787.101', 'G07.690.725.064', 'N06.850.520.830.200'], ['E02.095.135.140.275'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.703.520.520'], ['A01.923.047.025.600.451'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['E01.370.350.750', 'E05.196.867.851'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The characteristics of deceased and surviving patients with congestive heart failure at a department of internal medicine.
|
OBJECTIVES: We examined differences between surviving and deceased patients with congestive heart failure (HF).BACKGROUND: Congestive HF is a frequent disease with still increasing incidence, prevalence and poor prognosis. Patients have high mortality.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Over the period of 4 years we followed up 2 groups of matched patients with congestive HF: surviving (27 patients, 77.4+/-7.7 years) and deceased (27 patients, 76.7+/-9.3 years). We examined differences in the incidence and the intensity of risk factors, New York Heart Association class, signs of HF, incidence of complications, differences in echocardiographic parameters, the incidence of left ventricular hypertrophy, and differences in laboratory values (pulmonary, hepatic, renal). Obtained values were tested using statistical methods.RESULTS: We found higher incidence of myocardial infarction in deceased patients (p=0.0148). Surviving patients had lower heart rate (p=0.0115), higher left ventricular ejection fraction (p=0.0307), thicker interventricular septum (p=0.0239), higher values of arterial O2 pressure (p=0.0033), and lower values of proteinuria (p=0.0058).CONCLUSIONS: Patients with poorer prognosis of congestive HF differed from the "healthier" ones by some clinical, echocardiographic, and laboratory parameters, and higher incidence of myocardial infarction. Significant differences of the next examined parameters between observed groups may be obtained by increasing the number of studied patients. (Tab. 5, Ref: 24.)
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Heart Failure', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Risk Factors', 'Survival Rate']
| 16,026,137
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C14.280.434'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Reduced scent marking and ultrasonic vocalizations in the BTBR T+tf/J mouse model of autism.
|
Qualitative impairments in communication, such as delayed language and poor interactive communication skills, are fundamental to the diagnosis of autism. Investigations into social communication in adult BTBR T+tf/J (BTBR) mice are needed to determine whether this inbred strain incorporates phenotypes relevant to the second diagnostic symptom of autism, communication deficits, along with its strong behavioral phenotypes relevant to the first and third diagnostic symptoms, impairments in social interactions and high levels of repetitive behavior. The aim of the present study was to simultaneously measure female urine-elicited scent marking and ultrasonic vocalizations in adult male BTBR mice, in comparison with a standard control strain with high sociability, C57BL/6J (B6), for the assessment of a potential communication deficit in BTBR. Adult male BTBR mice displayed lower scent marking and minimal ultrasonic vocalization responses to female urine obtained from both B6 and BTBR females. Lower scent marking and ultrasonic vocalizations in a social setting by BTBR, as compared with B6, are consistent with the well-replicated social deficits in this inbred mouse strain. Our findings support the interpretation that BTBR incorporate communication deficits, and suggest that scent marking and ultrasonic vocalizations offer promising measures of interest in social cues that may be widely applicable to investigations of mouse models of autism.
|
['Animal Communication', 'Animals', 'Autistic Disorder', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Female', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Neurologic Mutants', 'Motor Activity', 'Odorants', 'Ultrasonics', 'Urine', 'Vocalization, Animal']
| 20,345,893
|
[['F01.145.113.055'], ['B01.050'], ['F03.625.164.113.500'], ['F01.145.113'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.480'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['G16.500.275.640', 'N06.230.480'], ['H01.671.031.849'], ['A12.207.927'], ['F01.145.113.055.800']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Vision care in New Zealand.
|
This paper reports the results of a study into attitudes on vision care, vision care professionals and the utilisation of various ophthalmic aids and appliances in New Zealand. The majority (70%) of the 2000 persons questioned had received a visual examination by an optometrist or ophthalmologist and were either "very satisfied" or "satisfied" with the treatment they obtained. Of those that had had a recent visual examination, ophthalmologists examined 22% and optometrists examined 72%. Three percent of the total sample (ie, 8% of ophthalmologists' patients) had received surgical or medical treatment at their last examination. Sixty-six percent reported that they did not have any of the visual or ocular problems listed. Of the remaining 34% who were currently having problems, 64% had not sought professional advice for that problem. Of the remainder that had sought some advice, approximately equal numbers had visited a general medical practitioner (11%) or optometrist (12%) and 5% had seen an ophthalmologist. For those without problems, 42% said they would visit their general medical practitioner and 41% said they would visit an optometrist if they were to develop any of the problems listed. For respondents that had either private medical insurance or would consider joining such a scheme, about 78% would prefer a policy with optometric benefits at the premiums quoted.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Attitude to Health', 'Consumer Behavior', 'Eyeglasses', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'New Zealand', 'Ophthalmology', 'Optometry', 'Prescriptions', 'Vision Disorders', 'Vision Tests']
| 6,587,210
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['F01.145.236'], ['E07.632.500.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.639.760.747', 'Z01.678.100.747'], ['H02.403.810.468'], ['H02.553'], ['N02.421.668.778'], ['C10.597.751.941', 'C11.966', 'C23.888.592.763.941'], ['E01.370.380.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Methods for high-dimensional analysis of cells dissociated from cryopreserved synovial tissue
|
BACKGROUND: Detailed molecular analyses of cells from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovium hold promise in identifying cellular phenotypes that drive tissue pathology and joint damage. The Accelerating Medicines Partnership RA/SLE Network aims to deconstruct autoimmune pathology by examining cells within target tissues through multiple high-dimensional assays. Robust standardized protocols need to be developed before cellular phenotypes at a single cell level can be effectively compared across patient samples.METHODS: Multiple clinical sites collected cryopreserved synovial tissue fragments from arthroplasty and synovial biopsy in a 10% DMSO solution. Mechanical and enzymatic dissociation parameters were optimized for viable cell extraction and surface protein preservation for cell sorting and mass cytometry, as well as for reproducibility in RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Cryopreserved synovial samples were collectively analyzed at a central processing site by a custom-designed and validated 35-marker mass cytometry panel. In parallel, each sample was flow sorted into fibroblast, T-cell, B-cell, and macrophage suspensions for bulk population RNA-seq and plate-based single-cell CEL-Seq2 RNA-seq.RESULTS: Upon dissociation, cryopreserved synovial tissue fragments yielded a high frequency of viable cells, comparable to samples undergoing immediate processing. Optimization of synovial tissue dissociation across six clinical collection sites with ~ 30 arthroplasty and ~ 20 biopsy samples yielded a consensus digestion protocol using 100 ìg/ml of Liberase™ TL enzyme preparation. This protocol yielded immune and stromal cell lineages with preserved surface markers and minimized variability across replicate RNA-seq transcriptomes. Mass cytometry analysis of cells from cryopreserved synovium distinguished diverse fibroblast phenotypes, distinct populations of memory B cells and antibody-secreting cells, and multiple CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell activation states. Bulk RNA-seq of sorted cell populations demonstrated robust separation of synovial lymphocytes, fibroblasts, and macrophages. Single-cell RNA-seq produced transcriptomes of over 1000 genes/cell, including transcripts encoding characteristic lineage markers identified.CONCLUSIONS: We have established a robust protocol to acquire viable cells from cryopreserved synovial tissue with intact transcriptomes and cell surface phenotypes. A centralized pipeline to generate multiple high-dimensional analyses of synovial tissue samples collected across a collaborative network was developed. Integrated analysis of such datasets from large patient cohorts may help define molecular heterogeneity within RA pathology and identify new therapeutic targets and biomarkers.
|
['Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Cryopreservation', 'Flow Cytometry', 'High-Throughput Screening Assays', 'Humans', 'Synovial Membrane']
| 29,996,944
|
[['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160', 'E02.792.156', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160', 'E05.760.156'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['E05.916.680'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.583.443.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Creatinine reduction ratio on post-transplant day two as criterion in defining delayed graft function.
|
Delayed graft function (DGF) is a common complication after renal transplant, affecting its outcome. A common definition of DGF is the need for dialysis within the first week of transplantation, but this criterion has its drawbacks. We tried to validate an earlier and better defined parameter of DGF based on the creatinine reduction ratio on post-transplant day 2 (CRR2). We analyzed the clinical charts of 291 cadaver kidney recipients to compare the outcome of patients with immediate graft function (IGF), dialyzed patients (D-DGF) and nondialyzed CRR2-defined DGF patients (ND-DGF) and to identify risk factors for D-DGF and ND-DGF. Creatinine reduction ratio on post-transplant day 2 correlates significantly with renal function during the first year. Patients with IGF have significantly better renal function throughout the first year and better graft survival than patients with D-DGF and ND-DGF, while we found no differences either in renal function from days 30-365 or in graft survival between D-DGF and ND-DGF patients. Defining DGF by CRR2 allows an objective and quantitative diagnosis after transplantation and can help to improve post-transplant management. Creatinine reduction ratio on post-transplant day 2 correlates with renal function throughout the first year. The worse survival in the ND-DGF group is an important finding and a major advantage of the CRR2 criterion.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Creatinine', 'Dialysis', 'Female', 'Graft Survival', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Ischemia', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Risk Factors', 'Statistics as Topic', 'Time Factors', 'Tissue Donors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 15,196,076
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['E05.196.353', 'G02.186'], ['G12.875.545.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['C23.550.513'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830'], ['G01.910.857'], ['M01.898'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
6-OHDA sympathectomy and exercise performance in the rat.
|
6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was utilised for the study of the sympathetic nervous system in the resting rats and rats submitted to prolonged exercise. In order to reduce the acute physiological stress associated with an injection of 6-OHDA, beta-1 and alpha-1 adrenoceptors were blocked before the treatment leading to sympathectomy. Sympathectomised rats were divided in two groups: one sacrificed at rest, 24 hours after the treatment. The other group was sacrificed after a treadmill exercise to exhaustion. Running time to exhaustion was 36.0 +/- 4.5 min (mean +/- S.E.M.). This group ran significantly less than a control group brought to exhaustion in 73.7 +/- 10.0 min of exercise (P < 0.05). In order to make appropriate comparisons, another control group was run for 36 min. Some differences were observed between corresponding control and sympathectomized groups. At rest: 1) a lower plasma level of insulin, and 2) a higher plasma free fatty acid concentration were observed in sympathectomized rats. After 36 min of exercise: 1) a lower plasma concentration of norepinephrine, 2) no decrease of the plasma level of insulin, 3) no increase in the plasma glucagon concentration, and 4) a higher plasma glucose level were observed in sympathectomised rats when compared to control rats running for the same time. The lower plasma norepinephrine concentration in exercised sympathectomised rats suggests a lower sympathetic nervous activity in these animals than in control rats. The absence of a decrease of plasma insulin concentration and of an increase in glucagon can be attributed to this lower sympathetic activity in sympathectomised rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Animals', 'Blood Glucose', 'Fatty Acids, Nonesterified', 'Glucagon', 'Glycogen', 'Hydroxydopamines', 'Insulin', 'Kinetics', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Muscles', 'Norepinephrine', 'Oxidopamine', 'Physical Exertion', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Sympathectomy, Chemical']
| 1,705,782
|
[['B01.050'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['D10.251.310'], ['D06.472.699.587.730.500', 'D12.644.548.586.730.500'], ['D05.750.078.562.388', 'D09.698.365.388'], ['D02.092.311.342.478', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342.478'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['A03.620'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['D02.033.100.291.502', 'D02.092.063.480', 'D02.092.211.215.746', 'D02.092.311.830', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.830'], ['D02.092.311.342.478.650', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342.478.650'], ['G11.427.683'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['E04.525.210.105.800.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Undaria pinnatifida a Rich Marine Reservoir of Nutritional and Pharmacological Potential: Insights into Growth Signaling and Apoptosis Mechanisms in Cancer.
|
Seaweeds are an important part of diet consumed in a different part of the world such as New Zealand, Ireland, Wales, and Asian countries including Korea, China, and Japan. In addition, seaweed is nutritious sources possessing health improving effects and therapeutic potential. Recently, one of the widely eaten seaweed species Undaria pinnatifida (U. pinnatifida) has got much attention because of its pharmacological properties for the prevention of various ailments, including cancer, inflammation, and other diseases. It is rich in all essential amino acids, physiologically significant fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, and has a variety of bioactive constituents which include fucoidan, carotenoids, and fucoxanthin. The present study reviews the nutritional aspects, key bioactivities specifically focusing on anticancer potential along with apoptosis and growth signaling mechanisms of U. pinnatifida or its constituents. It exhibited anticancer effects both in vitro and in vivo studies in a variety of experimental models. Due to a variety of pharmacological properties of U. pinnatifida can not only fulfilling nutritional necessities, but it can be used for treating, curing and preventing cancer.
|
['Anticholesteremic Agents', 'Anticoagulants', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Antioxidants', 'Antiviral Agents', 'Apoptosis', 'Humans', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Neoplasms', 'Seaweed', 'Signal Transduction', 'Undaria']
| 30,616,379
|
[['D27.505.519.186.071.202', 'D27.505.954.557.500.202'], ['D27.505.954.502.119'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['C04'], ['B05.080.750'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['B01.750.600.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Oogenesis in the leech Glossiphonia heteroclita (Annelida, Hirudinea, Glossiphoniidae) II. Vitellogenesis, follicle cell structure and egg shell formation.
|
By the end of previtellogenesis, the oocytes of Glossiphonia heteroclita gradually protrude into the ovary cavity. As a result they lose contact with the ovary cord (which begins to degenerate) and float freely within the hemocoelomic fluid. The oocyte's ooplasm is rich in numerous well-developed Golgi complexes showing high secretory activity, normal and transforming mitochondria, cisternae of rER and vast amounts of ribosomes. The transforming mitochondria become small lipid droplets as vitellogenesis progresses. The oolemma forms microvilli, numerous coated pits and vesicles occur at the base of the microvilli, and the first yolk spheres appear in the peripheral ooplasm. A mixed mechanism of vitellogenesis is suggested. The eggs are covered by a thin vitelline envelope with microvilli projecting through it. The envelope is formed by the oocyte. The vitelline envelope is produced by exocytosis of vesicles containing two kinds of material, one of which is electron-dense and seems not to participate in envelope formation. The cortical ooplasm of fully grown oocytes contains many cytoskeletal elements (F-actin) and numerous membrane-bound vesicles filled with stratified content. Those vesicles probably are cortical granules. The follicle cells surrounding growing oocytes have the following features: (1) they do not lie on a basal lamina; (2) their plasma membrane folds deeply, forming invaginations which eventually seem to form channels throughout their cytoplasm; (3) the plasma membrane facing the ovary lumen is lined with a layer of dense material; and (4) the plasma membrane facing the oocyte forms thin projections which intermingle with the oocyte microvilli. In late oogenesis, the follicle cells detach from the oocytes and degenerate in the ovary lumen.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Membrane', 'Cytoplasmic Structures', 'Female', 'Leeches', 'Ovarian Follicle', 'Vitellogenesis']
| 16,930,656
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.284.149'], ['A11.284.430.214.190'], ['B01.050.500.091.426'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.535', 'A06.300.312.497.535'], ['G04.152.650.249.880', 'G08.686.784.310.500.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Distinct patterns of hepcidin and iron regulation during HIV-1, HBV, and HCV infections.
|
During HIV type-1 (HIV-1), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections, altered iron balance correlates with morbidity. The liver-produced hormone hepcidin dictates systemic iron homeostasis. We measured hepcidin, iron parameters, cytokines, and inflammatory markers in three cohorts: plasma donors who developed acute HIV-1, HBV, or HCV viremia during the course of donations; HIV-1-positive individuals progressing from early to chronic infection; and chronically HIV-1-infected individuals (receiving antiretroviral therapy or untreated). Hepcidin increased and plasma iron decreased during acute HIV-1 infection, as viremia was initially detected. In patients transitioning from early to chronic HIV-1 infection, hepcidin in the first 60 d of infection positively correlated with the later plasma viral load set-point. Hepcidin remained elevated in individuals with untreated chronic HIV-1 infection and in subjects on ART. In contrast to HIV-1, there was no evidence of hepcidin up-regulation or hypoferremia during the primary viremic phases of HCV or HBV infection; serum iron marginally increased during acute HBV infection. In conclusion, hepcidin induction is part of the pathogenically important systemic inflammatory cascade triggered during HIV-1 infection and may contribute to the establishment and maintenance of viral set-point, which is a strong predictor of progression to AIDS and death. However, distinct patterns of hepcidin and iron regulation occur during different viral infections that have particular tissue tropisms and elicit different systemic inflammatory responses. The hypoferremia of acute infection is therefore a pathogen-specific, not universal, phenomenon.
|
['Acute-Phase Proteins', 'Anti-HIV Agents', 'Cohort Studies', 'Cytokines', 'HIV Infections', 'HIV-1', 'Hepatitis B', 'Hepatitis C', 'Hepcidins', 'Iron', 'Up-Regulation', 'Viral Load']
| 25,092,293
|
[['D12.776.124.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.388.077.088'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['C01.221.250.500', 'C01.925.256.430.400', 'C01.925.440.435', 'C06.552.380.705.437'], ['C01.221.250.750', 'C01.925.440.440', 'C01.925.782.350.350', 'C06.552.380.705.440'], ['D12.776.494.249', 'D12.776.543.695.054.425'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998'], ['E01.370.225.875.950', 'E05.200.875.950', 'G06.920.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Enzymatic preparation of an artificial microRNA library.
|
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous RNAs of about 20-25 nucleotides that play important roles in gene regulation. Based on miRNA backbones, artificial miRNAs, amiRNAs, can be constructed and expressed exogenously. AmiRNAs can function as natural miRNAs or siRNAs. AmiRNAs display higher expression levels and more potent silencing efficiency than simple shRNAs. In practice, an amiRNA library is usually needed to screen for functional amiRNAs. Here we describe a novel, convenient, and cost-effective method for enzymatically constructing an amiRNA library. A novel strategy was applied to ensure the correct orientation of the anti-sense strand and also render less thermo-stability to the 5' end of anti-sense strand to facilitate its entry into the RISC complex, which can largely increase the silencing efficiency. Furthermore, a "Padlock probe" method was also incorporated to ensure the fidelity of the sequence and stem-loop structure. To test the feasibility of the method, an amiRNA library targeting mouse p53 ORF was constructed. Through screening of 82 amiRNAs in the library, 7 amiRNAs which displayed potent p53-silencing efficiency were identified and verified. This method also has the potential to construct an amiRNA library that targets a whole transcriptome for genome-wide RNAi screening, or a randomized amiRNA library to search for functional amiRNAs.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Enzymes', 'Gene Library', 'Gene Targeting', 'Mice', 'MicroRNAs', 'Nucleic Acid Conformation', 'RNA Interference', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53']
| 19,836,357
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D08.811'], ['G05.360.325'], ['E05.393.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['G02.111.570.820.486', 'G05.360.580'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Detecting the violation of variance homogeneity in mixed models.
|
Mixed-effects models are increasingly used in many areas of applied science. Despite their popularity, there is virtually no systematic approach for examining the homogeneity of the random-effects covariance structure commonly assumed for such models. We propose two tests for evaluating the homogeneity of the covariance structure assumption across subjects: one is based on the covariance matrices computed from the fitted model and the other is based on the empirical variation computed from the estimated random effects. We used simulation studies to compare performances of the two tests for detecting violations of the homogeneity assumption in the mixed-effects models and showed that they were able to identify abnormal clusters of subjects with dissimilar random-effects covariance structures; in particular, their removal from the fitted model might change the signs and the magnitudes of important predictors in the analysis. In a case study, we applied our proposed tests to a longitudinal cohort study of rheumatoid arthritis patients and compared their abilities to ascertain whether the assumption of covariance homogeneity for subject-specific random effects holds.
|
['Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Quality of Life', 'Regression Analysis', 'United Kingdom']
| 24,659,492
|
[['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['Z01.542.363']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Acute renal failure independently predicts mortality after myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant.
|
BACKGROUND: Patients undergoing myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) have a high incidence of acute renal failure (ARF). However, it is unclear if ARF is independently associated with mortality after this procedure.METHODS: We performed meta-analysis of published reports on ARF after myeloablative allogeneic HCT. Four databases (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science) and hand searching of conference proceedings were used to identify the studies. ARF was defined as the doubling of serum creatinine occurring within the first 100 days after HCT. The absolute and the relative risks for death after ARF were calculated for every study. The combined relative risk was calculated using the random effects model. Also, multivariate analysis of patient level data was performed on patients from The University of Colorado to establish independent association between ARF and mortality.RESULTS: One thousand two hundred and eleven patients were included in the meta-analysis from the 6 published reports in the literature. The overall incidence of ARF varied from 42% to 84% in these studies. On combining the studies by random-effects model, the relative risk of death after ARF was 2.22 (95%CI 1.38-3.5, P < 0.001). The analysis of patient level data from the University of Colorado demonstrated increasing mortality with worsening grades of ARF. After controlling for various demographic and clinical variables with logistic regression, patients who required dialysis had a 6.8-fold higher association with mortality.CONCLUSION: ARF appears to independently influence mortality after myeloablative allogeneic HCT. Future studies should be aimed at interventions that can reduce the incidence and severity of ARF with this procedure.
|
['Acute Kidney Injury', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Cohort Studies', 'Colorado', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Risk Factors', 'Transplantation, Homologous']
| 15,840,050
|
[['C12.777.419.780.050', 'C13.351.968.419.780.050'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.210'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E04.936.864']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
O-GlcNAc modification of the runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) links osteogenesis and nutrient metabolism in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.
|
Runx2 is the master switch controlling osteoblast differentiation and formation of the mineralized skeleton. The post-translational modification of Runx2 by phosphorylation, ubiquitinylation, and acetylation modulates its activity, stability, and interactions with transcriptional co-regulators and chromatin remodeling proteins downstream of osteogenic signals. Characterization of Runx2 by electron transfer dissociation tandem mass spectrometry revealed sites of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification, a nutrient-responsive post-translational modification that modulates the action of numerous transcriptional effectors. O-GlcNAc modification occurs in close proximity to phosphorylated residues and novel sites of arginine methylation within regions known to regulate Runx2 transactivation. An interaction between Runx2 and the O-GlcNAcylated, O-GlcNAc transferase enzyme was also detected. Pharmacological inhibition of O-GlcNAcase (OGA), the enzyme responsible for the removal of O-GlcNAc from Ser/Thr residues, enhanced basal (39.9%) and BMP2/7-induced (43.3%) Runx2 transcriptional activity in MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts. In bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells differentiated for 6 days in osteogenic media, inhibition of OGA resulted in elevated expression (24.3%) and activity (65.8%) of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) an early marker of bone formation and a transcriptional target of Runx2. Osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the presence of BMP2/7 for 8 days culminated in decreased OGA activity (39.0%) and an increase in the abundance of O-GlcNAcylated Runx2, as compared with unstimulated cells. Furthermore, BMP2/7-induced ALP activity was enhanced by 35.6% in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells differentiated in the presence of the OGA inhibitor, demonstrating that direct or BMP2/7-induced inhibition of OGA is associated with increased ALP activity. Altogether, these findings link O-GlcNAc cycling to the Runx2-dependent regulation of the early ALP marker under osteoblast differentiation conditions.
|
['Acetylglucosamine', 'Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing', 'Animals', 'Arginine', 'Bone Marrow Cells', 'Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2', 'Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Line', 'Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Humans', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Mesenchymal Stem Cells', 'Methylation', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases', 'Osteoblasts', 'Osteogenesis', 'Protein Processing, Post-Translational', 'Transcriptional Activation']
| 25,187,572
|
[['D09.067.342.531.050'], ['D12.644.360.024', 'D12.776.157.057', 'D12.776.476.024'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.125.068.050', 'D12.125.095.104', 'D12.125.142.087'], ['A11.148', 'A15.378.316'], ['D12.644.276.954.200.200', 'D12.776.467.942.200.200', 'D23.529.942.200.200'], ['D12.644.276.954.200.700', 'D12.776.467.942.200.700', 'D23.529.942.200.700'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D12.776.930.155.200.100'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.543'], ['A11.329.830.500', 'A11.872.590.500'], ['G02.111.035.538', 'G02.607.094.538', 'G03.059.538'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['D08.811.913.400.100.250'], ['A11.329.629'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.050.500.729', 'G11.427.578.050.500.729'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600', 'G02.111.691.600', 'G03.734.871.790.600', 'G05.308.670.600'], ['G05.308.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hexadecylphosphocholine inhibits phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylcholine phospholipase C in human leukemia cells.
|
Hexadecylphosphocholine (HePC) is the main representative of a new group of antineoplastic agents, the alkylphosphocholines. Besides remarkable antiproliferative properties on tumor cells in vitro and in vivo, HePC also induces differentiation and inhibits invasive growth of neoplastic cells. Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms by which HePC mediates its biological effects is poor. The observation that analogous substances, the alkyllysophospholipids, may interfere with lipid dependent intracellular signaling suggested similar mechanisms for HePC. We therefore investigated the effects of HePC on phospholipase C (PLC) activation in intact human leukemia cell lines. HePC inhibited fMLP induced phosphatidylinositol-specific PLC activation in HL60 cells and TNF-alpha induced activation of phosphatidylcholine-specific PLC in U937 cells. HePC reduced the number of TNF-alpha receptors on the surface of U937 cells by about 60%. Receptors for fMLP were not affected. Inhibition of TNF-alpha induced PC-PLC activation, however, seemed to be regulated at a post-receptor level as PLC inhibition and receptor occupancy did not correlate.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Cell Membrane', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chromatography, Thin Layer', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Humans', 'Leukemia', 'N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine', 'Phosphatidylinositol Diacylglycerol-Lyase', 'Phosphorylcholine', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha', 'Type C Phospholipases']
| 9,414,418
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['A11.284.149'], ['A11.251'], ['E05.196.181.400.537'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.337'], ['D02.886.030.676.450.440', 'D12.125.072.050.685.445', 'D12.125.142.666.500', 'D12.125.166.676.450.440', 'D12.644.456.400', 'D23.125.685'], ['D08.811.277.352.640.700.700.500', 'D08.811.520.650.800'], ['D02.092.877.883.333.700', 'D02.675.276.232.700'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626'], ['D08.811.277.352.640.700.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Inhalable nanoparticles, a non-invasive approach to treat lung cancer in a mouse model.
|
Doxorubicin-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) were incorporated into inhalable effervescent and non-effervescent carrier particles using a spray-freeze drying technique. The prepared inhalable powders were tested in a tumor bearing Balb/c mouse model. Control mice were treated with blank inhalable NPs, inhalable lactose powder containing free doxorubicin, and intravenous injections of a suspension of doxorubicin NPs, doxorubicin solution, or saline solution. The survival of treatment groups was plotted with Kaplan-Meier curves. Animals treated with inhalable effervescent nanoparticle powder containing 30ìg doxorubicin showed a highly significant improvement in survival compared to all other treatment groups. Mice in control groups treated with doxorubicin solution or doxorubicin NPs as intravenous injection, died in less than 50 days. Inhalable free doxorubicin showed high cardiac toxicity. Pathological samples showed large tumor masses in the lungs of animals not treated or treated with i.v. injections of doxorubicin NPs or doxorubicin solution. The lungs of animals treated with inhalable effervescent doxorubicin NPs showed fewer and much smaller tumors compared to the control groups, as visualized by MRI imaging which confirmed the observed pathology results. The present study demonstrates that inhalable effervescent doxorubicin NPs are an effective way to treat lung cancer. This non-invasive route of administration might change the way lung cancer is treated in the future.
|
['Administration, Inhalation', 'Animals', 'Antibiotics, Antineoplastic', 'Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Doxorubicin', 'Drug Carriers', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lung', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Nanoparticles']
| 21,059,378
|
[['E02.319.267.050'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248.106'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200.175', 'D04.615.562.050.200.175', 'D09.408.051.059.200.175'], ['D26.255.260', 'E02.319.300.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A04.411'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['J01.637.512.600']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Class II histone deacetylases act as signal-responsive repressors of cardiac hypertrophy.
|
The heart responds to stress signals by hypertrophic growth, which is accompanied by activation of the MEF2 transcription factor and reprogramming of cardiac gene expression. We show here that class II histone deacetylases (HDACs), which repress MEF2 activity, are substrates for a stress-responsive kinase specific for conserved serines that regulate MEF2-HDAC interactions. Signal-resistant HDAC mutants lacking these phosphorylation sites are refractory to hypertrophic signaling and inhibit cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Conversely, mutant mice lacking the class II HDAC, HDAC9, are sensitized to hypertrophic signals and exhibit stress-dependent cardiomegaly. Thus, class II HDACs act as signal-responsive suppressors of the transcriptional program governing cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
|
['Aging', 'Animals', 'Calcineurin', 'Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 1', 'Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases', 'Cardiomegaly', 'Carrier Proteins', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Heart', 'Histone Deacetylase 2', 'Histone Deacetylases', 'Hypertension', 'MEF2 Transcription Factors', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Mutation', 'Myocardium', 'Myogenic Regulatory Factors', 'Phosphorylation', 'Phosphotransferases', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Signal Transduction', 'Stress, Physiological', 'Transcription Factors', 'Transcriptional Activation']
| 12,202,037
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.625.150', 'D12.644.360.087', 'D12.776.476.087'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.125.100', 'D12.644.360.100.100', 'D12.776.476.100.100'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.125', 'D12.644.360.100', 'D12.776.476.100'], ['C14.280.195', 'C23.300.775.250'], ['D12.776.157'], ['D12.776.260'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['G05.308.310'], ['A07.541'], ['D08.811.277.087.520.500.200', 'D08.811.277.087.520.750.200', 'D08.811.600.620.200', 'D08.811.600.795.200'], ['D08.811.277.087.520'], ['C14.907.489'], ['D12.776.210.500.570.294', 'D12.776.260.103.750.294', 'D12.776.260.400.249.624', 'D12.776.930.125.750.294', 'D12.776.930.397.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['G05.365.590'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['D12.776.210.500.570', 'D12.776.260.103.750', 'D12.776.930.125.750'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D08.811.913.696'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['G07.775'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G05.308.800']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Who, What, How much, Where? - an analysis of publications by German authors on sociopsychiatric issues in scientific journals].
|
OBJECTIVE: Stimulated by Finzen's critical appraisal of the actual situation of social psychiatric research in Germany an analysis of recent publications of German authors on social psychiatric topics was carried out.METHOD: Covering the years 1998 - 2000, 70 scientific journals from psychiatry and related disciplines were systematically analysed.RESULTS: A substantial proportion of research in social psychiatry is concentrated on a small number of research institutions. In German journals of general psychiatry papers dealing with social psychiatric topics are rarely found. By contrast in international, particularly in European journals the proportion of papers on social psychiatric topics originating from German authors is quite high as compared to papers on other topics. Applied research, especially research on mental health services, dominates the field. By contrast, basic research on social psychiatric issues is underrepresented. Studies using qualitative methods are almost missing. While, as traditionally, the research interest is still particularly focussed on schizophrenia, there are a number of papers dealing with other disorders, mainly with substance abuse disorders and affective disorders.DISCUSSION: The critique raised by Finzen is to a large extent supported by the results of our study. However, we still hesitate to agree with his pessimistic prognosis for the future of social psychiatric research in Germany.
|
['Authorship', 'Community Psychiatry', 'Germany', 'Humans', 'Periodicals as Topic', 'Publishing', 'Research']
| 11,721,222
|
[['L01.559.423.906.215'], ['F04.096.544.215', 'H02.403.690.150'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.178.682.829.678'], ['L01.737'], ['H01.770.644']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Parametric Response Mapping of Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome Progression After Lung Transplantation.
|
Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) remains a major complication after lung transplantation. Air trapping and mosaic attenuation are typical radiological features of BOS; however, quantitative evaluation remains troublesome. We evaluated parametric response mapping (PRM, voxel-to-voxel comparison of inspiratory and expiratory computed tomography [CT] scans) in lung transplant recipients diagnosed with BOS (n = 20) and time-matched stable lung transplant recipients (n = 20). Serial PRM measurements were performed prediagnosis, at time of BOS diagnosis, and postdiagnosis (Tpre , T0 , and Tpost , respectively), or at a postoperatively matched time in stable patients. PRM results were correlated with pulmonary function and confirmed by microCT analysis of end-stage explanted lung tissue. Using PRM, we observed an increase in functional small airway disease (fSAD), from Tpre to T0 (p = 0.006) and a concurrent decrease in healthy parenchyma (p = 0.02) in the BOS group. This change in PRM continued to Tpost , which was significantly different compared to the stable patients (p = 0.0002). At BOS diagnosis, the increase in fSAD was strongly associated with a decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (p = 0.011). Micro-CT confirmed the presence of airway obliteration in a sample of a BOS patient identified with 67% fSAD by PRM. We demonstrated the use of PRM as an adequate output to monitor BOS progression in lung transplant recipients.
|
['Adult', 'Bronchiolitis Obliterans', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Forced Expiratory Volume', 'Graft Rejection', 'Humans', 'Lung Transplantation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Syndrome', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 27,367,568
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C08.127.446.135.140', 'C08.381.495.146.135.140'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E01.370.386.700.660.230', 'G09.772.650.430'], ['G12.875.545.328'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.928.600.495', 'E04.936.450.495'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C23.550.288.500'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Thio-derived disulfides as potent inhibitors of botulinum neurotoxin type B: implications for zinc interaction.
|
Botulinum neurotoxin type B causes the inhibition of acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction resulting in a flaccid paralysis designated botulism. This occurs through the cleavage of synaptobrevin, an intracellular critical component of neurotransmitter exocytosis, by the zinc-metallopeptidase activity of the smallest subunit of the toxin. Blocking the proteolytic activity may present an attractive approach to treat botulism as to date there is no efficient specific drug therapy available. We have therefore recently described a series of beta-amino-thiol derived pseudotripeptides able of inhibiting the toxin at low (10(-8) M) concentration. In this study, binding characteristics of the protein's active site are explored through various structural modifications of the thiol functionality which was supposed to be a key structural constituent for effective zinc-ion chelation. Surprisingly, sulfanyl-derivatives such as symmetric disulfides were shown to be better inhibitors than their thiol-counterparts, the most potent compound displaying a Ki value of 3.4 nM.
|
['Binding Sites', 'Botulinum Toxins', 'Botulinum Toxins, Type A', 'Calcium-Binding Proteins', 'Disulfides', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Humans', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Sulfur Compounds', 'Synaptotagmins', 'Zinc']
| 14,527,562
|
[['G02.111.570.120'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.153', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.153', 'D12.776.097.156', 'D23.946.123.179'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.153.100', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.153.100', 'D12.776.097.156.100', 'D23.946.123.179.050'], ['D12.776.157.125'], ['D01.248.497.158.874.390', 'D01.875.350.850.150', 'D02.886.520.150'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['D12.776.631'], ['D01.875', 'D02.886'], ['D12.776.157.125.825', 'D12.776.543.990.850'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of hydroxyapatite on the biodegradation and biomechanical stability of polyester nanocomposites for orthopaedic applications.
|
The effect of hydroxyapatite (HAP) on the performance of nanocomposites of an unsaturated polyester, i.e., hydroxy-terminated high molecular weight poly(proplyene fumarate) (HT-PPFhm), was investigated. A thermoset nanocomposite was prepared with nanoparticles of calcined HAP (<100 nm, rod-like shape, filler content 30 wt.%), HT-PPFhm and N-vinyl pyrrolidone, dibenzoyl peroxide and N,N-dimethyl aniline. Two more nanocomposites were prepared with precipitated HAP nanoparticles (<100 nm rod-like shape) and commercially available HAP nanoparticles (<200 nm spherical shape), respectively. Calcined HAP nanoparticles resulted in very good crosslinking in the resin matrix with high crosslinking density and interfacial bonding with the polymer, owing to the rod-like shape of the nanoparticles; this gave improved biomechanical strength and modulus and also controlled degradation of the nanocomposite for scaffold formation. The tissue compatibility and osteocompatibility of the nanocomposite containing calcined HAP nanoparticles was evaluated. The tissue compatibility was studied by intramuscular implantation in a rabbit animal model for 3 months as per ISO standard 10993/6. The in vivo femoral bone repair was also carried out in the rabbit animal model as per ISO standard 10993/6. The nanocomposite containing calcined HAP nanoparticles is both biocompatible and osteocompatible.
|
['Absorbable Implants', 'Animals', 'Bone Substitutes', 'Durapatite', 'Elastic Modulus', 'Femoral Fractures', 'Fumarates', 'Hardness', 'Materials Testing', 'Nanostructures', 'Orthopedic Equipment', 'Polypropylenes', 'Rabbits', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 19,788,944
|
[['E07.695.025'], ['B01.050'], ['D25.130.325', 'J01.637.051.130.325'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374.075.025.300.150', 'D01.146.360.050.300.200', 'D01.578.122.477.300', 'D01.695.625.675.650.075.025.300.150'], ['G01.374.590.605'], ['C26.404.061', 'C26.558.276'], ['D02.241.081.337.302'], ['G01.374.647'], ['E05.570'], ['J01.637.512'], ['E07.858.442'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.590', 'D05.750.716.550', 'D25.720.716.550', 'J01.637.051.720.716.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A novel delta opioid receptor antagonist, SoRI-9409, produces a selective and long-lasting decrease in ethanol consumption in heavy-drinking rats.
|
BACKGROUND: Naltrexone, a compound with high affinity for the mu opioid receptor (MOP-R) reduces alcohol consumption. SoRI-9409 is a derivative of naltrexone that has highest affinity at delta opioid receptors (DOP-Rs). We have investigated the effects of SoRI-9409 on ethanol consumption to determine the consequences of altering the naltrexone compound to a form with increased efficacy at DOP-Rs.METHODS: Effects of the opioid receptor antagonists, SoRI-9409 (0-30 mg/kg, IP), naltrexone (0-30 mg/kg, IP), or naltrindole (0-10 mg/kg, IP) on ethanol consumption was measured in high- and low-ethanol-consuming rats with two different drinking paradigms. SoRI-9409-, naltrexone-, and naltrindole-mediated inhibition of DOP-R-stimulated [(35)S]GTP gamma S binding was measured in brain membranes prepared from high-ethanol-consuming rats. The effects of SoRI-9409 on morphine-mediated analgesia, conditioned place preference, and anxiety were also examined.RESULTS: In high- but not low-ethanol-consuming animals, SoRI-9409 is threefold more effective and selective at reducing ethanol consumption when compared with naltrexone or naltrindole for up to 24 hours. SoRI-9409 administered daily for 28 days continuously reduced ethanol consumption, and when the administration of SoRI-9409 was terminated, the amount of ethanol consumed remained lower compared with vehicle-treated animals. Furthermore, SoRI-9409 inhibits DOP-R-stimulated [(35)S]GTP gamma S binding in brain membranes of high-ethanol-consuming rats.CONCLUSIONS: SoRI-9409 causes selective and long-lasting reductions of ethanol consumption. This suggests that compounds that have high affinity for DOP-Rs such as SoRI-9409 might be promising candidates for development as a novel therapeutic for the treatment of alcoholism.
|
['Alcohol Drinking', 'Alcoholism', 'Animals', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Brain', 'Choice Behavior', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Ethanol', 'Food Preferences', "Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)", 'Male', 'Morphine Derivatives', 'Naloxone', 'Narcotic Antagonists', 'Narcotics', 'Protein Binding', 'Rats', 'Rats, Long-Evans', 'Receptors, Opioid, delta', 'Sucrose']
| 18,774,553
|
[['F01.145.317.269'], ['C25.775.100.250', 'F03.900.100.350'], ['B01.050'], ['F01.145.113'], ['A08.186.211'], ['F02.463.785.373.346'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D02.033.375'], ['F01.145.407.516', 'G07.203.650.353.516'], ['D02.886.765.380', 'D13.695.667.454.504.380', 'D13.695.827.426.504.380', 'D13.695.900.380'], ['D03.132.577.249.562', 'D03.605.497.607', 'D03.633.400.686.607', 'D04.615.723.795.576'], ['D03.132.577.249.706', 'D03.605.497.750', 'D03.633.400.686.750', 'D04.615.723.795.706'], ['D27.505.696.543', 'D27.505.696.663.850.512', 'D27.505.954.427.550'], ['D27.505.696.277.600', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.760', 'D27.505.954.427.040.550', 'D27.505.954.427.210.600'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.620.200', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.610.200', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.610.200'], ['D09.698.629.305.770', 'D09.947.750.770']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Viewpoint-dependent representation of contextual information in visual working memory.
|
Objects are not represented individually in visual working memory (VWM), but in relation to the contextual information provided by other memorized objects. We studied whether the contextual information provided by the spatial configuration of all memorized objects is viewpoint-dependent. We ran two experiments asking participants to detect changes in locations between memory and probe for one object highlighted in the probe image. We manipulated the changes in viewpoint between memory and probe (Exp. 1: 0°, 30°, 60°; Exp. 2: 0°, 60°), as well as the spatial configuration visible in the probe image (Exp. 1: full configuration, partial configuration; Exp. 2: full configuration, no configuration). Location change detection was higher with the full spatial configuration than with the partial configuration or with no spatial configuration at viewpoint changes of 0°, thus replicating previous findings on the nonindependent representations of individual objects in VWM. Most importantly, the effect of spatial configurations decreased with increasing viewpoint changes, suggesting a viewpoint-dependent representation of contextual information in VWM. We discuss these findings within the context of this special issue, in particular whether research performed within the slots-versus-resources debate and research on the effects of contextual information might focus on two different storage systems within VWM.
|
['Data Display', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Memory, Short-Term', 'Pattern Recognition, Visual', 'Reaction Time', 'Space Perception', 'User-Computer Interface', 'Video Games']
| 24,470,259
|
[['F02.784.412.221', 'L01.296'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425.540.407'], ['F02.463.593.524.500', 'F02.463.593.932.622'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['F02.463.593.778'], ['L01.224.900.910'], ['I03.450.642.693.930', 'L01.224.900.930']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Indirect sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for rapid detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae type 3 antigen.
|
An indirect sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of the polysaccharide antigen of type 3 pneumococcus (SSS-III) is reported. Polystyrene balls with attached anti-SSS-III antibody serve as the solid phase, and antigen is detected using an alkaline phosphatase-labeled antiglobulin conjugate. The reaction is quantitated by spectrophotometry. Concentrations of antigen are estimated by comparison with standard curves prepared with purified SSS-III. For this assay, the practical lower limit of detection of SSS-III is approximately 2 to 3 ng/ml, thus making the test sensitivity about 25 times that reported for counterimmunoelectrophoresis. In preliminary tests with simulated human clinical specimens, none of the body fluids tested (spinal fluid, serum, urine, and sputum) interfered with detection of antigen, nor did they produce false-positive or false-negative results. Streptococcus pneumoniae type 3 whole organisms were readily detected in simulated clinically positive sputum specimens. Cross-reactions were not observed with Haemophilus influenzae type b, group B Streptococcus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
|
['Antigens, Bacterial', 'Cross Reactions', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Humans', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Pneumococcal Infections', 'Streptococcus pneumoniae']
| 7,000,815
|
[['D23.050.161'], ['G12.122.281'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['C01.150.252.410.890.670'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.550', 'B03.510.400.800.872.550', 'B03.510.550.737.872.550']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Delayed pain decrease following M1 tDCS in spinal cord injury: A randomized controlled clinical trial.
|
Despite some encouraging findings for the treatment of neuropathic pain in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) directed to the primary motor cortex (M1) has faced some mixed results. Prior to translating this technology to clinical care, consistent results and durable effects need to be found. We, therefore, aimed to assess the direct and long-term effects of tDCS on pain following SCI. We performed a two-phase randomized sham-controlled clinical trial where patients received 5days of tDCS followed by a 3-month follow-up period (Phase I); then, Phase II consisted of 10days of tDCS with an 8-week follow-up period. We assessed the level of pain with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Patients' quality of life and life satisfaction were also evaluated. 33 patients were enrolled in Phase I and 9 in Phase II. We observed a treatment effect at 1-week follow-up for Phase I and at 4-week follow-up for Phase II. The overall level of pain was significantly lower for the active group, as compared to sham, in Phase II. Our exploratory study shows that tDCS does seem to be a promising tool to manage pain in patients with SCI and repeated stimulation sessions are needed to induce long-lasting effects. Based on our protocol, it appears that adding a second treatment period could induce long-lasting effects. Clinicaltrials.gov identification number: NCT01599767.
|
['Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Motor Cortex', 'Neuralgia', 'Pain Management', 'Pain Measurement', 'Quality of Life', 'Spinal Cord Injuries', 'Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation']
| 28,822,837
|
[['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270.548', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.624'], ['C10.668.829.600', 'C23.888.592.612.664'], ['E02.745', 'N04.590.607.500'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['C10.228.854.763', 'C10.900.850', 'C26.819'], ['E02.331.750', 'F04.570.200.791', 'F04.669.224.650']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Ly49Q defines 2 pDC subsets in mice.
|
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) play an important primary role for antiviral innate immunity by rapidly producing large amounts of type 1 interferon (IFN) upon viral infection. To study pDC biology, we generated a monoclonal antibody, termed 2E6, that recognizes pDCs. Molecular cloning of a cDNA encoding the 2E6 antigen revealed that it is a type II C-type lectin, Ly49Q, that consists of 247 amino acids with high homology to the natural killer (NK) receptor family Ly49, with an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif in the cytoplasmic domain. Ly49Q is expressed on pDCs but not on NK cells or myeloid dendritic cells. B220+, CD11c+, CD11b- pDCs in bone marrow were divided into Ly49Q+ and Ly49Q- subsets. While both subsets produced IFN-alpha upon cytosine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG) and herpes simplex virus stimulation, Ly49Q- pDCs responded poorly to influenza virus. In addition, Ly49Q- pDCs produced inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) upon stimulation at lower levels than those produced by Ly49Q+ pDCs. In contrast to bone marrow, Ly49Q+ pDCs were only found in peripheral blood, lymph nodes, and spleen. These results indicate that Ly49Q is a specific marker for peripheral pDCs and that expression of Ly49Q defines 2 subsets of pDCs in bone marrow.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antibody Specificity', 'Antigens, Ly', 'Biomarkers', 'Bone Marrow Cells', 'CD11b Antigen', 'CD11c Antigen', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Dendritic Cells', 'Female', 'Interferon-alpha', 'Lectins, C-Type', 'Leukocyte Common Antigens', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily A', 'Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Receptors, NK Cell Lectin-Like', 'Spleen']
| 15,598,811
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['G12.100'], ['D23.050.301.264.920', 'D23.101.100.920'], ['D23.101'], ['A11.148', 'A15.378.316'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.074.750', 'D12.776.543.550.200.093.750', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.100.150', 'D12.776.543.750.705.833.062', 'D23.050.301.350.074.049'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.074.875', 'D12.776.395.550.200.275.500', 'D12.776.543.550.200.093.875', 'D12.776.543.550.200.275.500', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.100.200', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.600.100.500', 'D12.776.543.750.705.833.249.500', 'D23.050.301.350.074.074', 'D23.050.301.350.275.500'], ['A11.251'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['A11.066.270', 'A11.436.270', 'A15.382.066.270', 'A15.382.670.260'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890.250', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890.250', 'D23.529.374.440.890.250'], ['D12.776.503.280'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.775.400.100.500', 'D12.644.360.587.100.500', 'D12.776.476.592.100.500', 'D12.776.543.733.937.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.895.800.100', 'D23.050.301.264.920.500', 'D23.101.100.920.500'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.775.300.100', 'D12.644.360.585.100', 'D12.776.476.564.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.895.800'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Gastric gnathostomiasis in a cat.
|
A mass found in the stomach of a 10-year old cat contained a female worm of the genus Gnathostoma. The mass was described as a muscular pseudogranuloma induced by the worm. Although the worm species could not be ascertained, it was concluded that the cat served as an aberrant host for a Gnathostoma sp that usually infects wild mammals in the area.
|
['Animals', 'Cat Diseases', 'Cats', 'Female', 'Gnathostoma', 'Nematode Infections', 'Stomach Diseases']
| 3,610,757
|
[['B01.050'], ['C22.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.400.937.700.722.375'], ['C01.610.335.508'], ['C06.405.748']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Subcellular distribution of small GTP binding proteins in pancreas: identification of small GTP binding proteins in the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
|
Subfractionation of a canine pancreatic homogenate was performed by several differential centrifugation steps, which gave rise to fractions with distinct marker profiles. Specific binding of guanosine 5'-[gamma-[35S]thio]triphosphate (GTP[gamma-35S]) was assayed in each fraction. Enrichment of GTP[gamma-35S] binding was greatest in the interfacial "smooth" microsomal fraction, expected to contain Golgi and other smooth vesicles. There was also marked enrichment in the rough microsomal fraction. Electron microscopy and marker protein analysis revealed the rough microsomes (RMs) to be highly purified rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). The distribution of small (low molecular weight) GTP binding proteins was examined by a [alpha-32P]GTP blot-overlay assay. Several apparent GTP binding proteins of molecular masses 22-25 kDa were detected in various subcellular fractions. In particular, at least two such proteins were found in the Golgi-enriched and RM fractions, suggesting that these small GTP binding proteins were localized to the Golgi and RER. To more precisely localize these proteins to the RER, native RMs and RMs stripped of ribosomes by puromycin/high salt were subjected to isopycnic centrifugation. The total GTP[gamma-35S] binding, as well as the small GTP binding proteins detected by the [alpha-32P]GTP blot overlay, distributed into fractions of high sucrose density, as did the RER marker ribophorin I. Consistent with a RER localization, when the RMs were stripped of ribosomes and subjected to isopycnic centrifugation, the total GTP[gamma-35S] binding and the small GTP binding proteins detected in the blot-overlay assay shifted to fractions of lighter sucrose density along with the RER marker.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Fractionation', 'Centrifugation, Density Gradient', 'Dogs', 'Endoplasmic Reticulum', 'GTP-Binding Proteins', "Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)", 'Guanosine Triphosphate', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Microsomes', 'Pancreas', 'Subcellular Fractions', 'Thionucleotides']
| 2,106,133
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.242.251'], ['E05.181.724.336', 'E05.196.941.336'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.248'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300', 'D12.776.157.325'], ['D02.886.765.380', 'D13.695.667.454.504.380', 'D13.695.827.426.504.380', 'D13.695.900.380'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.504', 'D13.695.667.454.504', 'D13.695.827.426.504'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['A11.284.835.540'], ['A03.734'], ['A11.284.835'], ['D02.886.765', 'D13.695.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Distribution of reference GFR in a development population: a critical factor for the establishment of a GFR estimation equation.
|
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Our previous work showed that the performance of MDRD equations could be improved by modifying the original MDRD equation. However, during the modification we recognized that reference GFR (rGFR) distribution was not similar between the MDRD study and the Chinese Estimating GFR (eGFR) Investigation Study. This present study was designed to illustrate that the GFR estimating equation might be influenced by the difference of rGFR distribution in the development population. Racial factors might not be as important as once thought.PATIENTS AND METHODS: The Chinese eGFR Investigation Study dataset containing 684 CKD patients was defined as Dataset I, the modified MDRD equation for Chinese was defined as Equation 1. Datasets II and III were generated respectively by deleting 125 cases of CKD Stage 1 from Dataset I and by adding 297 cases of apparently healthy Chinese adults into Dataset I. eGFR was estimated using Equation 1. Using rGFR as dependent and eGFR as independent, linear regression models were constructed using Dataset II and Dataset III, respectively, and generated Equation 2 and Equation 3. The prevalence of eGFR less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 in the adult Beijing population was calculated using Equation 1, 2 and 3.RESULTS: The previous reported prevalence of decreased GFR using Equation 1 in the Beijing adult population was 1.3% (0.8 - 1.8). By using Equation 2 and Equation 3, the prevalence increased to 3.2% (2.49 - 4.13) and decreased to 0.8% (0.57 - 1.28), respectively.CONCLUSIONS: GFR estimating equation was influenced by rGFR distribution of the development dataset.
|
['Biomarkers', 'China', 'Creatinine', 'Demography', 'Female', 'Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'Humans', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Reference Values']
| 21,955,865
|
[['D23.101'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['I01.240', 'N01.224', 'N06.850.505.400'], ['E01.370.390.400.300', 'G08.852.357'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.978.810']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Use of the microprojector MRTU 42-2216-63 for microphotography].
|
Two methods of microphotography using microprojector MPTY 42-2216-63 without using microphoto heads are proposed. In the first method, a mirror camera without objective is introduced perpendicularly to the luminous flux going from the microprojector ocular to the vertical screen. Exposure time is determined with any photoelectric exposure meter. Photographs are obtained by projection printing. In the second method, microprojector is set for demonstration of the image on a horizontal screen. Instead of the latter, a photoframe with a negative photographic plate is used. Photographs are produced by contact printing. The exposure time is determined in this method as mentioned above.
|
['Histology', 'Photomicrography']
| 7,417,007
|
[['H01.158.100.656'], ['E01.370.350.515.799', 'E01.370.350.600.635', 'E05.595.799']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cadmium, lead and mercury levels in feeding yeast produced in Czechoslovakia.
|
Ninety-six samples of the feeding yeast known as VITEX were analyzed for Cd, Pb and Hg content during 1987-1989. Cadmium content ranged from 0.30 to 5.12 mg/kg(-1), lead content from 0.21 to 3.01 mg/kg(-1) and mercury content from 0.008 to 0.187 mg/kg(-1). Our findings meet the current government standards (max. allowed Pb = 5.00, Cd = 0.50 and Hg = 0.100 mg/kg(-1)) only for lead, and with five exceptions, for mercury. With two exceptions, all cadmium levels found in the samples exceeded the limit. One raw material - the wood chips - was shown to be the main source of cadmium in the technological process. Relatively high Hg contents were measured in the wood chips (up to 0.155 mg/kg(-1)); the highest Hg level (1.105 mg/kg(-1)) however was found in a sample of KOH.
|
['Animal Feed', 'Animals', 'Cadmium', 'Czechoslovakia', 'Lead', 'Mercury', 'Spectrophotometry, Atomic', 'Yeasts']
| 1,594,924
|
[['G07.203.300.300.100', 'J02.500.300.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.268.556.137', 'D01.268.956.061', 'D01.552.544.137'], ['Z01.586.250'], ['D01.268.556.435', 'D01.552.544.435'], ['D01.268.556.504', 'D01.268.956.437', 'D01.552.544.504'], ['E05.196.712.726.551', 'E05.196.867.826.551'], ['B01.300.930']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
A modified staining method for connective tissue in semi-thin histological sections of peripheral and cranial nerves.
|
A simple staining method for collagen in semi-thin sections of nerves is described. This technique consists of applying basic fuchsin (0.05%) solution for 2 min. to +/- 1.25 microns plastic resin-embedded sections after routine toluidine blue staining. This staining method clearly demonstrates the amount and orientation of collagenous connective tissue in the nerve, both in transverse and longitudinal sections.
|
['Animals', 'Collagen', 'Coloring Agents', 'Connective Tissue', 'Cranial Nerves', 'Microtomy', 'Peripheral Nerves', 'Plastic Embedding', 'Rats', 'Rosaniline Dyes', 'Tolonium Chloride']
| 10,743,716
|
[['B01.050'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['D27.720.233'], ['A10.165'], ['A08.800.800.120'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.530', 'E01.370.225.750.600.530', 'E05.200.500.620.530', 'E05.200.750.600.530'], ['A08.800.800'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.440.640', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.440.640', 'E05.200.500.620.760.440.640', 'E05.200.750.600.760.440.640'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D02.092.146.755'], ['D02.886.369.869', 'D03.633.300.783.869']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of melatonin on luteinizing hormone secretion in anestrous ewes following dopamine and opiate receptor blockade.
|
In the present investigation we have examined the ability of melatonin to modify the pulsatile LH secretion induced by treatment with a DA antagonist (sulpiride, SULP) or opioid antagonist (naloxone, NAL) in intact mid-anestrous ewes. The experimental design comprised the following treatments-in experiment 1: (1) intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusion of vehicle (control I); (2) pretreatment with SULP (0.6 mg/kg subcutaneously) and then i.c.v. infusion of vehicle (SULP + veh); (3) pretreatment with SULP and then i.c.v. infusion of melatonin (SULP + MLT, 100 microg per 100 microl/h, total 400 microg). In experiment 2: (4) i.c.v. infusion of vehicle (control II); (5) i.c.v. infusion of NAL (NAL-alone, 100 microg per 100 microl/h, total 300 microg); (6) i.c.v. infusion of NAL in combination with MLT (NAL + MLT, 100 microg + 100 microg per 100 microl/h). All infusions were performed during the afternoon hours. Pretreatment with SULP induced a significant (P < 0.01) increase in LH pulse frequency, but not in mean LH concentration, compared with control I. In SULP + MLT-treated animals, the LH concentration was significantly (P < 0.01) higher during MLT infusion, but due to highly increased LH secretion in only one ewe. The significant changes in the SULP + MLT group occurred in LH pulse frequency. A few LH pulses were noted after melatonin administration compared with the number during the infusion (P < 0.05) and after vehicle infusion in the SULP + MLT group (P < 0.05). The i.c.v. infusion of NAL evoked a significant increase in the mean LH concentration (P < 0.001) and amplitude of LH pulses (P < 0.01) compared with these before the infusion. The enhanced secretion of LH was also maintained after i.c.v. infusion of NAL (P < 0.01) with a concomitant decrease in LH pulse frequency (P < 0.05). In NAL + MLT-treated ewes, mean plasma LH concentrations increased significantly during and after the infusion compared with that noted before ( P < 0.001). No difference in the amplitude of LH pulses was found in the NAL + MLT group, but this parameter was significantly higher in ewes during infusion of both drugs than during infusion of the vehicle (P < 0.01). The LH pulse frequency differed significantly (p < 0.05), increasing slightly during NAL + MLT administration and decreasing after the infusion. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that: (1) in mid-anestrous ewes EOPs, besides DA, are involved in the inhibition of the GnRH/LH axis; (2) brief administration of melatonin in long-photoperiod-inhibited ewes suppresses LH pulse frequency after the elimination of the inhibitory DA input, but seems to not affect LH release following opiate receptor blockade.
|
['Anestrus', 'Animals', 'Cerebral Ventricles', 'Dopamine Antagonists', 'Female', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Melatonin', 'Naloxone', 'Narcotic Antagonists', 'Periodicity', 'Photoperiod', 'Sheep', 'Sulpiride']
| 14,998,651
|
[['G08.686.195.249'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211.140'], ['D27.505.519.625.150.175', 'D27.505.696.577.150.175'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['D03.633.100.473.914.481', 'D06.472.506'], ['D03.132.577.249.706', 'D03.605.497.750', 'D03.633.400.686.750', 'D04.615.723.795.706'], ['D27.505.696.543', 'D27.505.696.663.850.512', 'D27.505.954.427.550'], ['G01.910.645', 'G07.180.562'], ['G01.910.675'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['D02.065.277.866', 'D02.241.223.100.100.866', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.085.866']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
In Situ Localization of Ribosomal Sites in Peckoltia and Ancistomus (Loricariidae: Hypostominae) from the Amazon Basin.
|
Loricariidae is a diverse group of fish from the neotropical region, occupying a wide variety of freshwater environments. Cytogenetic data have brought important insights into Loricariidae diversity because they help validate undescribed species as well as our understanding of inter- and intraspecific diversity. However, conventional cytogenetic approaches are limited in their ability to detect variability in some lineages, as seen in the Peckoltia clade, owing to their apparent conserved karyotype. Thus, the aim of this work was to map 5S and 18S ribosomal (rDNA) sites in five species of Peckoltia and one species of Ancistomus from the Amazon basin, and discusses the mechanisms of organization and diversification of these clusters. The species analyzed were found to have 2n = 52 and share KF = 38 m-sm +14st-a chromosomes, except Peckoltia vittata with KF = 34 m-sm +18st-a. Extensive variations in the number and location of 5S and 18S rDNA sites were observed among species. These data indicate that inversions are not the most important events in karyotype evolution in this group, and should prove useful in identifying the species studied here. In addition to inversions, transpositions are important evolutionary events that are involved at least in rDNA clusters spreading in Peckoltia and probably in other species of Hypostominae.
|
['Animals', 'Brazil', 'Catfishes', 'Cytogenetics', 'DNA, Ribosomal', 'Genetic Variation', 'Karyotyping', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 18S', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 5S']
| 29,420,137
|
[['B01.050'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.080'], ['H01.158.273.343.180'], ['D13.444.308.475'], ['G05.365'], ['E01.370.225.500.385.315', 'E05.200.500.385.315', 'E05.242.385.315', 'E05.393.285.475'], ['D13.444.735.686.675'], ['D13.444.735.686.650']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
The components of rice and watermelon root exudates and their effects on pathogenic fungus and watermelon defense.
|
Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) is susceptible to wilt disease caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp niveum (FON). Intercropping management of watermelon/aerobic rice (Oryza sativa) alleviates watermelon wilt disease, because some unidentified component(s) in rice root exudates suppress FON sporulation and spore germination. Here, we show that the phenolic acid p-coumaric acid is present in rice root exudates only, and it inhibits FON spore germination and sporulation. We found that exogenously applied p-coumaric acid up-regulated the expression of ClPR3 in roots, as well as increased chitinase activity in leaves. Furthermore, exogenously applied p-coumaric acid increased â-1,3-glucanase activity in watermelon roots. By contrast, we found that ferulic acid was secreted by watermelon roots, but not by rice roots, and that it stimulated spore germination and sporulation of FON. Exogenous application of ferulic acid down-regulated ClPR3 expression and inhibited chitinase activity in watermelon leaves. Salicylic acid was detected in both watermelon and rice root exudates, which stimulated FON spore germination at low concentrations and suppressed spore germination at high concentrations. Exogenously applied salicylic acid did not alter ClPR3 expression, but did increase chitinase and â-1,3-glucanase activities in watermelon leaves. Together, our results show that the root exudates of phenolic acids were different between rice and watermelon, which lead to their special ecological roles on pathogenic fungus and watermelon defense.
|
['Chitinases', 'Citrullus', 'Disease Resistance', 'Fusarium', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Glucan 1,3-beta-Glucosidase', 'Hydroxybenzoates', 'Oryza', 'Plant Diseases', 'Plant Exudates', 'Plant Leaves', 'Plant Proteins', 'Plant Roots', 'Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Spores, Fungal']
| 27,217,091
|
[['D08.811.277.450.207'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.300.140'], ['C23.550.291.671', 'G12.450.564.250', 'G12.450.800.250', 'G15.630.250'], ['B01.300.381.366'], ['G05.308.375'], ['D08.811.277.450.420.200.500'], ['D02.241.223.100.300', 'D02.241.511.390', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.281', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.410'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.616'], ['G15.610'], ['D20.215.721'], ['A18.024.812'], ['D12.776.765'], ['A18.400'], ['E05.393.620.500.706'], ['A11.870.710', 'A19.374.500', 'B05.775.710']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Experience with an implantable tiered therapy device incorporating antitachycardia pacing and cardioverter/defibrillator therapy.
|
The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator provides an alternative therapy for medically refractory ventricular tachyarrhythmias in patients who are not candidates for ventricular operations or in whom these operations have failed. Currently, however, available devices have limitations. In this report we describe our experience with a programmable, tiered therapy device with anti-ventricular tachyarrhythmia pacing and VVI pacing capabilities (Cadence V-100, Ventritex Inc., Sunnyvale, Calif.). This device offers certain advantages compared with conventional implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: (1) tiered, anti-ventricular tachyarrhythmia therapy incorporating programmable, rate-adaptive burst pacing in addition to energy-programmable cardioversion/defibrillation, (2) biphasic cardioversion/defibrillation waveforms, resulting in lower defibrillation thresholds, (3) the ability to abort therapy for nonsustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias, (4) electrogram storage of detected events for later retrieval and analysis, (5) noninvasive, device-generated programmed stimulation for system testing, and (6) backup VVI pacing capability. Forty patients (aged 14 to 79 years) with ventricular tachyarrhythmias refractory to medical therapy received this device. The mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 33% +/- 16%. Preoperative electrophysiologic testing revealed inducible monomorphic ventricular tachyarrhythmia responsive to rapid ventricular pacing in 36 patients (90%). An extrapericardial two-patch configuration was used with either epicardial screw-in or bipolar endocardial sensing/pacing wires. No operative mortality and no device-related infection occurred. During a follow-up period of 16 +/- 7 months (range 3 to 30 months), 38 patients remained active with the implanted device; one patient died of congestive heart failure 4 months after implantation, and the system was explanted in one patient who underwent cardiac transplantation. In 33 patients a total of 1815 ventricular tachyarrhythmias were detected that resulted in therapy. Rate-adaptive burst pacing was used as the initial therapy in 1470 episodes and was successful in 1352 instances (92%). Pacing-induced ventricular tachyarrhythmia acceleration occurred in 4% of episodes. The remaining ventricular tachyarrhythmia episodes were treated with cardioversion. In 18 patients (45%) cardioversion therapy was aborted after spontaneous termination of ventricular tachyarrhythmia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Cardiac Pacing, Artificial', 'Defibrillators, Implantable', 'Electrophysiology', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Period', 'Tachycardia, Ventricular']
| 8,445,925
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.331.200'], ['E07.305.250.159.175', 'E07.305.250.319.175', 'E07.695.202.175'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.614.750', 'N02.421.585.753.750'], ['C14.280.067.845.940', 'C14.280.123.875.940', 'C23.550.073.845.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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[Rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure caused by haloperidol-decanoate (neuroleptic malignant syndrome)].
|
A case of rhabomyolysis with attendant severe acute renal failure, arisen in a 59-year-old male treated with haloperidol-decanoate, is presented. The patient has been affected by paranoia schizophrenia since childhood, and he was treated with electroshock and successively with neuroleptics p.o. Four years before our observation, a therapy with haloperidol decanoate (50 mg i.m. monthly) was started. After some time, catatonic like episodes appeared, which got more and more frequent, until they appeared weekly. In occasion of the last of them, he was admitted to our hospital. At the objective examination he presented psychomotory arrest, perspiration, mytacism, severe muscle rigidity, moderate oedems to lower limbs. Laboratory findings showed a pattern consistent with rabdomyolysis and severe renal failure. After that haloperidol decanoate was stopped and rehydration and intensive diuretic therapy was started, the clinical and laboratory pattern went normal, persisting however a light creatinine increase. Probably the rhabdomyolysis was induced by the haloperidol decanoate, and renal failure by secondary severe hyvolemia. This case comes into the so-called neuroleptic malignant syndrome which can rarely arise in patients treated with antipsycotic agents and which causes high mortality, particularly when there are rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure.
|
['Acute Kidney Injury', 'Antipsychotic Agents', 'Haloperidol', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome', 'Rhabdomyolysis']
| 9,053,957
|
[['C12.777.419.780.050', 'C13.351.968.419.780.050'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.331'], ['D02.522.352.506'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.228.140.079.737', 'C10.720.737', 'C25.723.705.600'], ['C05.651.807']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Isolation and characterization of the promoter for the gene coding for the 68 kDa carnitine palmitoyltransferase from the rat.
|
Carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) regulates the flux of long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondria for subsequent beta-oxidation. A 485 bp segment of the promoter for the gene encoding the 68 kDa CPT was isolated from a rat lambda DASH genomic library using the polymerase chain reaction. The promoter contained a consensus binding sequence for CREB (cyclic AMP response element binding protein) at -153 to -166, and for C/EBP alpha (CCAAT/enhancer binding protein) at -115 to -128. DNAase I footprinting using proteins isolated from rat liver nuclei indicated the presence of several regions of nuclear protein binding, most notably at -95 to -130, at -273 to -295, and at a wide region encompassing -395 to -465. DNAase I footprinting studies with purified CREB and C/EBP alpha confirmed that protein binding to DNA occurred at the sites predicted by the consensus sequences. The segment containing 481 bp of 5' flanking sequence plus 181 bp of untranslated mRNA was ligated to the structural gene for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT). When this plasmid was transfected into Hep G2 cells, CAT activity was stimulated 7-fold by addition of 1 mM-8-bromo-cyclic AMP (8-Br-cAMP) or co-transfection of the expression vector coding for the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A (PKA). The ability of several known second messengers and transcription factors to stimulate transcription of 68 kDa CPT promoter-CAT reporter was tested in co-transfection experiments. 68 kDa CPT promoter-CAT reporter transcription activity was stimulated 7-fold by addition of 8-Br-cAMP, and this induction was depressed 50% by the addition of phorbol esters. When the 68 kDa CPT promoter-CAT reporter was co-transfected with an expression vector for CREB or C/EBP alpha, transcription was increased 3- and 10-fold respectively. 8-Br-cAMP caused an additional 8-fold induction in the presence of each factor to yield 25- and 80-fold induction respectively. Co-transfection of the expression vector for c-jun also increased the CAT activity driven by the 68 kDa CPT promoter, while co-transfection with the expression vector for c-fos had no effect. When expression vectors for both c-jun and c-fos were co-transfected with the 68 kDa CPT promoter, c-fos depressed the induction seen with c-jun alone.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase', 'Cell Transformation, Viral', 'Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase', 'DNA', 'DNA Fingerprinting', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Rats', 'Transcription Factors', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 1,417,736
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D08.811.913.050.350.200'], ['C04.697.098.500.160', 'C23.550.727.098.500.160', 'G06.920.143'], ['D08.811.913.050.134.170'], ['D13.444.308'], ['E05.318.740.225.500.500', 'E05.393.290', 'I01.198.780.937.375', 'N04.452.910.099.750'], ['G05.360.337'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Absorption of arsenic from soil and water by two chard (Beta vulgaris L.) varieties: A potential risk to human health.
|
The accumulation of arsenic (As) in vegetables poses a risk of contamination to humans via the food chain. Two chard (var. cicla and var. d'ampuis) crops were grown for 60 days in greenhouses on Aridisol soil, and irrigated with water from Pastos Chicos, Jujuy (Argentina). The soil and water used in the trial presented 49 and 1.44 mg/L As concentration levels, respectively. Total dry biomass (TDB) and total As were determined in soils, roots and leaves. The latter was quantified by atomic absorption spectrometry with hydride generation, and bioconcentration and translocation factors were determined. TDB in var. cicla showed statistically significant differences when the plant was cultivated in control soil and watered with the toxicant (2.04 g), as compared with the treatment without exposure (2.8 g). TDB in var. d'ampuis presented statistically significant differences with respect to that of the control when the plants were grown in soils with As and watered with the toxicant (3.3 g). This variety increased its biomass in the presence of As. In the two Swiss chard varieties evaluated, the largest As accumulation in root and leaves was found when they were cultivated in contaminated soil and watered with distilled water. The presence of the toxicant in the leaves exceeded the limits established by C?digo Alimentario Argentino, i.e. 0.30 mg/kg. Total target hazard quotient (THQ) values for As were higher than 1, suggesting that consumers would run significant risks when consuming these chard varieties. Furthermore, it was determined that the carcinogenic risk (CR) posed by this type of exposure to As exceeded the acceptable risk level of 1 ? 10-6. Based on this evidence, we may conclude that consuming chard cultivated on the evaluated site brings about considerable risks to local residents' health.
|
['Argentina', 'Arsenic', 'Beta vulgaris', 'Food Contamination', 'Humans', 'Soil', 'Soil Pollutants', 'Water']
| 29,665,483
|
[['Z01.107.757.077'], ['D01.268.513.249'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.200.399'], ['J01.576.423.850.730.500.249', 'N06.850.460.400', 'N06.850.601.500.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['D27.888.284.756'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Increased risk of miscarriage among women experiencing physical or sexual intimate partner violence during pregnancy in Guatemala City, Guatemala: cross-sectional study.
|
BACKGROUND: Violence against women by their male intimate partners (IPV) during pregnancy may lead to negative pregnancy outcomes. We examined the role of IPV as a potential risk factor for miscarriage in Guatemala. Our objectives were: (1) To describe the magnitude and pattern of verbal, physical and sexual violence by male intimate partners in the last 12 months (IPV) in a sample of pregnant Guatemalans; (2) To evaluate the influence of physical or sexual IPV on miscarriage as a pregnancy outcome.METHODS: All pregnant women reporting to the maternity of a major tertiary care public hospital in Guatemala City from June 1st to September 30th, 2006 were invited to participate in this cross-sectional study. The admitting physician assessed occurrence of miscarriage, defined as involuntary pregnancy loss up to and including 28 weeks gestation. Data on IPV, social and demographic characteristics, risk behaviours, and medical history were collected by interviewer-administered questionnaire. Laboratory testing was performed for HIV and syphilis. The relationship between IPV and miscarriage was assessed through multivariable logistic regression.RESULTS: IPV affected 18% of the 1897 pregnant Guatemalan women aged 15-47 in this sample. Verbal IPV was most common (16%), followed by physical (10%) and sexual (3%) victimisation. Different forms of IPV were often co-prevalent. Miscarriage was experienced by 10% of the sample (n = 190). After adjustment for potentially confounding factors, physical or sexual victimisation by a male intimate partner in the last 12 months was significantly associated with miscarriage (ORadj 1.1 to 2.8). Results were robust under a range of analytic assumptions.CONCLUSIONS: Physical and sexual IPV is associated with miscarriage in this Guatemalan facility-based sample. Results cohere well with findings from population-based surveys. IPV should be recognised as a potential cause of miscarriage. Reproductive health services should be used to screen for spousal violence and link to assistance.
|
['Abortion, Spontaneous', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Battered Women', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Guatemala', 'Humans', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Maternal Welfare', 'Middle Aged', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications, Infectious', 'Prenatal Care', 'Prevalence', 'Risk Factors', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Spouse Abuse', "Women's Health", 'Young Adult']
| 21,733,165
|
[['C13.703.039', 'G08.686.784.769.496.125'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.975.155'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['Z01.107.169.454'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401'], ['I01.880.787.678'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C01.674', 'C13.703.700'], ['E02.760.786', 'N02.421.143.620.704', 'N02.421.585.786'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['I01.198.240.856.350.750', 'I01.198.240.856.575.500', 'I01.880.735.900.350.750', 'I01.880.735.900.688.500'], ['N01.400.900'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Association of Baseline Prostate-Specific Antigen Level With Long-term Diagnosis of Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer Among Patients Aged 55 to 60 Years: A Secondary Analysis of a Cohort in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial.
|
Importance: The use of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening for prostate cancer is controversial because of the risk of overdiagnosis and overtreatment of indolent cancers. Optimal screening strategies are highly sought.Objective: To estimate the long-term risk of any prostate cancer and clinically significant prostate cancer based on baseline PSA levels among men aged 55 to 60 years.Design, Setting, and Participants: This secondary analysis of a cohort in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial uses actuarial analysis to analyze the association of baseline PSA levels with long-term risk of any prostate cancer and of clinically significant prostate cancer among men aged 55 to 60 years enrolled in the screening group of the trial between 1993 and 2001.Exposure: Single PSA measurement at study entry.Main Outcomes and Measures: Long-term risk of any prostate cancer and clinically significant prostate cancer diagnoses.Results: There were 10 968 men aged 55 to 60 years (median [interquartile range] age, 57 [55-58] years) at study enrollment in the screening group of the PLCO Cancer Screening Trial who had long-term follow-up. Actuarial 13-year incidences of clinically significant prostate cancer diagnosis among participants with a baseline PSA of 0.49 ng/mL or less was 0.4% (95% CI, 0%-0.8%); 0.50-0.99 ng/mL, 1.5% (95% CI, 1.1%-1.9%); 1.00-1.99 ng/mL, 5.4% (95% CI, 4.4%-6.4%); 2.00-2.99 ng/mL, 10.6% (95% CI, 8.3%-12.9%); 3.00-3.99 ng/mL, 15.3% (95% CI, 11.4%-19.2%); and 4.00 ng/mL and greater, 29.5% (95% CI, 24.2%-34.8%) (all pairwise log-rank P ? .004). Only 15 prostate cancer-specific deaths occurred during 13 years of follow-up, and 9 (60.0%) were among men with a baseline PSA level of 2.00 ng/mL or higher.Conclusions and Relevance: In this secondary analysis of a cohort from the PLCO Cancer Screening Trial, baseline PSA levels among men aged 55 to 60 years were associated with long-term risk of clinically significant prostate cancer. These findings suggest that repeated screening can be less frequent among men aged 55 to 60 years with a low baseline PSA level (ie, <2.00 ng/mL) and possibly discontinued among those with baseline PSA levels of less than 1.00 ng/mL.
|
['Aged', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Kallikreins', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Male', 'Mass Screening', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Prostate-Specific Antigen', 'Prostatic Neoplasms']
| 31,940,039
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.442', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.442', 'D12.776.124.125.597', 'D23.119.597'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.442.750', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.442.750', 'D12.776.866.249.500', 'D23.050.285.625', 'D23.101.140.625'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Placental insufficiency as a possible cause of low maternal serum human chorionic gonadotropin and low maternal serum unconjugated estriol levels in triploidy.
|
We report three cases in which triploidy (69,XXX) was detected by amniocentesis performed for very low maternal serum human chorionic gonadotropin levels. All three cases also had low maternal serum unconjugated estriol levels. We suggest placental insufficiency as the cause of the very low human chorionic gonadotropin because of histologic observations and because a known marker for placental insufficiency, estriol, was also very low.
|
['Abortion, Therapeutic', 'Adult', 'Amniocentesis', 'Chorionic Gonadotropin', 'Estriol', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Placental Insufficiency', 'Ploidies', 'Pregnancy']
| 1,530,036
|
[['E04.520.050.060'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.050', 'E01.370.225.998.329.309', 'E01.370.378.630.050', 'E04.665.600.309', 'E05.200.500.384.050', 'E05.200.998.329.309', 'E05.242.384.050'], ['D06.472.699.322.326', 'D06.472.699.649.367', 'D12.644.548.726.367', 'D12.776.780.400'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.331', 'D06.472.334.851.437.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C13.703.590.800'], ['G05.700'], ['G08.686.784.769']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of AnaeroGen system for growth of anaerobic bacteria.
|
The Oxoid AnaeroGen system was compared with the BBL GasPak for the production of an anaerobic atmosphere and was evaluated for its ability to support the growth of 135 clinically significant anaerobic bacteria. An anaerobe chamber was used as the "gold standard" for supporting the growth of anaerobes. The AnaeroGen requires no catalyst, produces no hydrogen, requires no water, and reduces preparation time to a minimum. The water-activated BBL GasPak generates hydrogen. For 132 of the 135 strains tested, better initial growth at 48 h was noted for the jar methods than for the anaerobe chamber. At 72 h, 113 of the 135 strains showed equal growth, and at 7 days, only marginal differences in growth patterns were noted. The AnaeroGen never failed to reduce the anaerobic indicator, while the BBL GasPak occasionally failed to do so. The AnaeroGen performed at least as well as, and sometimes better than, the established methods. The AnaeroGen is a good alternative for use in anaerobic jars.
|
['Atmosphere Exposure Chambers', 'Bacteria, Anaerobic', 'Bacteriological Techniques']
| 7,494,033
|
[['E07.079'], ['B03.130'], ['E01.370.225.875.150', 'E05.200.875.150']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of fenprostalene 14 days after fertirelin treatment on intervals from treatment to conception in cows with follicular cysts diagnosed by milk progesterone test.
|
Of 170 cows with ovarian cysts which were detected by palpation of the ovaries per rectum, 88 cows (51.8%) were diagnosed as having follicular cysts on the basis of milk progesterone concentrations. Eighty-three of the 88 cows were used for treatment trials. A group of 56 cows injected subcutaneously with fenprostalene, prostaglandin F2 alpha analog, 14 days after treatment with fertirelin, an analog of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, compared with another 27 cows treated only with fertirelin (controls), showed a higher pregnancy rate within 100 days after the initial treatment (66.1 vs 48.1%) and shorter intervals from the treatment to conception (30 +/- 21 vs 43 +/- 27 days). It was concluded that the administration of fenprostalene following fertirelin treatment is effective in shortening the interval from treatment to conception in cows with follicular cysts.
|
['Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal', 'Animals', 'Biomarkers', 'Cattle', 'Cattle Diseases', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Estrus', 'Female', 'Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone', 'Hormones', 'Milk', 'Ovarian Cysts', 'Ovarian Follicle', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy, Animal', 'Progesterone', 'Prostaglandins F, Synthetic', 'Rectum']
| 8,512,999
|
[['D27.505.696.875.131.100', 'D27.505.954.705.131.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.101'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['C22.196'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['E02.319.310'], ['G08.686.195.500'], ['D06.472.699.327.740.320', 'D12.644.400.400.740.320', 'D12.644.456.460', 'D12.644.548.365.740.320', 'D12.776.631.650.405.740.320'], ['D06.472', 'D27.505.696.399.472'], ['A12.200.455', 'A12.790', 'G07.203.100.700', 'G07.203.300.350.525', 'J02.200.700', 'J02.500.350.525'], ['C04.182.612', 'C13.351.500.056.630.580', 'C19.391.630.580'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.535', 'A06.300.312.497.535'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.784.769.498'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.775.500', 'D23.469.050.175.725.775.500', 'D23.469.700.670'], ['A03.556.124.526.767', 'A03.556.249.249.767']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Cathepsin G: the significance in rheumatoid arthritis as a monocyte chemoattractant.
|
Human cathepsin G (EC 3.4.21.20) has been reported to have the in vitro chemotactic activity for human monocytes. In this study, we examined the role of cathepsin G in monocyte involvement in joint inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as a monocyte chemoattractant. Eighteen patients with RA and four patients with osteoarthritis (OA) were used in this study. Thiobenzylester substrate, Succ-Phe-Leu-Phe-S-Bzl, was used to measure the activity of cathepsin G in synovial fluids. Monocyte migration induced by cathepsin G and synovial fluids was assessed by a 48-well microchemotaxis chamber technique. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to determine the cellular origin of cathepsin G in RA synovial tissue. A very low activity of cathepsin G was detected in synovial fluids from patients with OA. On the other hand, significantly increased activity of cathepsin G was detected in patients with RA when compared with the value of OA patients. A considerable monocyte chemotactic activity was detected in the synovial fluid of RA patients, and the activity was partially decreased by the treatment with inhibitors for cathepsin G, alpha1-antichymotrypsin and phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride. The activity of cathepsin G was significantly correlated with the neutrophil counts in synovial fluids and the concentration of interleukin-6. Immunohistochemical studies showed that cathepsin G was strongly expressed by synovial lining cells, and weakly expressed by macrophages and neutrophils in synovial tissues. This study indicates that the monocyte chemotactic activity of cathepsin G may have a role in the pathogenesis of RA synovial inflammation.
|
['Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Cathepsin G', 'Cathepsins', 'Chemotactic Factors', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Inflammation', 'Macrophages', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Monocytes', 'Serine Endopeptidases', 'Synovial Fluid', 'Synovial Membrane']
| 16,977,463
|
[['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['D08.811.277.656.224.350', 'D08.811.277.656.300.760.066', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.066'], ['D08.811.277.656.224'], ['D23.125'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['C23.550.470'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350'], ['A02.835.583.443.800.800', 'A12.207.270.847'], ['A02.835.583.443.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Molecular basis for a severe case of leukocyte adhesion deficiency.
|
The leukocyte integrins LFA-1, Mac-1 and p150,95 (CD11a/CD18, CD11b/CD18, CD11c/CD18) mediate crucial leukocyte adhesive functions in immune and inflammatory reactions. Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) disease is caused by the defective expression of these adhesion molecules on leukocytes, and is characterized by recurrent infections and impaired pus formation due to the blockade of leukocyte migration into inflamed tissues. LAD is originated by heterogeneous mutations affecting the CD18 gene and, based on the severity of the deficiency, two phenotypes (severe and moderate) have been defined. Biochemical and genetic studies have allowed the classification of five different types of LAD. We have identified a type V LAD patient (severe phenotype, and normal size and levels of both CD18 precursor and CD18 mRNA), and determined its molecular basis. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and cloning and sequencing of CD18 cDNA derived from this patient revealed three silent mutations and a missense mutation that leads to the substitution of glycine at position 169 for an arginine. Analysis of patient-derived cDNA clones revealed the concomitant presence of aberrant splicing within the 5' region of the CD18 gene. The description of an identical mutation at residue 169 in an unrelated severe LAD patient raises the possibility that severe LAD type V is caused by a unique genetic defect.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Antigens, CD', 'CD11 Antigens', 'CD18 Antigens', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Leukocytes', 'Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1', 'Macrophage-1 Antigen', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'RNA, Messenger']
| 1,352,501
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.074', 'D12.776.543.550.200.093', 'D23.050.301.350.074'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.275.750', 'D12.776.543.550.200.275.750', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.200.249', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.600.100.750', 'D12.776.543.750.705.833.249.750', 'D23.050.301.264.894.118', 'D23.050.301.350.275.750', 'D23.101.100.894.118'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637', 'A15.145.229.637', 'A15.382.490'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.074.937', 'D12.776.395.550.200.625.550', 'D12.776.543.550.200.093.937', 'D12.776.543.550.200.625.550', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.600.400', 'D12.776.543.750.705.877.550', 'D23.050.301.350.074.400', 'D23.050.301.350.625.550'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.408.495.500', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.600.500', 'D12.776.543.750.705.833.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D13.444.735.544']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Corynebacterium glutamicum utilizes both transsulfuration and direct sulfhydrylation pathways for methionine biosynthesis.
|
A direct sulfhydrylation pathway for methionine biosynthesis in Corynebacterium glutamicum was found. The pathway was catalyzed by metY encoding O-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase. The gene metY, located immediately upstream of metA, was found to encode a protein of 437 amino acids with a deduced molecular mass of 46,751 Da. In accordance with DNA and protein sequence data, the introduction of metY into C. glutamicum resulted in the accumulation of a 47-kDa protein in the cells and a 30-fold increase in O-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase activity, showing the efficient expression of the cloned gene. Although disruption of the metB gene, which encodes cystathionine gamma-synthase catalyzing the transsulfuration pathway of methionine biosynthesis, or the metY gene was not enough to lead to methionine auxotrophy, an additional mutation in the metY or the metB gene resulted in methionine auxotrophy. The growth pattern of the metY mutant strain was identical to that of the metB mutant strain, suggesting that both methionine biosynthetic pathways function equally well. In addition, an Escherichia coli metB mutant could be complemented by transformation of the strain with a DNA fragment carrying corynebacterial metY and metA genes. These data clearly show that C. glutamicum utilizes both transsulfuration and direct sulfhydrylation pathways for methionine biosynthesis. Although metY and metA are in close proximity to one another, separated by 143 bp on the chromosome, deletion analysis suggests that they are expressed independently. As with metA, methionine could also repress the expression of metY. The repression was also observed with metB, but the degree of repression was more severe with metY, which shows almost complete repression at 0.5 mM methionine in minimal medium. The data suggest a physiologically distinctive role of the direct sulfhydrylation pathway in C. glutamicum.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Base Sequence', 'Carbon-Oxygen Lyases', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Corynebacterium', 'Cysteine Synthase', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'Methionine', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Multienzyme Complexes', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Sulfur']
| 11,844,756
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D12.776.097'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D08.811.520.241'], ['E05.393.220'], ['B03.510.024.250', 'B03.510.460.400.400.200'], ['D08.811.913.225.224'], ['G05.308.300'], ['D02.886.030.676', 'D12.125.142.557', 'D12.125.154.549', 'D12.125.166.676'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D05.500.562', 'D08.811.600'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['E05.393.751'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['D01.268.185.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Paediatric patients seen in 18 emergency departments during the COVID-19 pandemic.
|
BACKGROUND: Public health mitigation strategies in British Columbia during the pandemic included stay-at-home orders and closure of non-essential services. While most primary physicians' offices were closed, hospitals prepared for a pandemic surge and emergency departments (EDs) stayed open to provide care for urgent needs. We sought to determine whether ED paediatric presentations prior and during the COVID-19 pandemic changed and review acuity compared with seasonal adjusted prior year.METHODS: We analysed records from 18 EDs in British Columbia, Canada, serving 60% of the population. We included children 0-16 years old and excluded those with no recorded acuity or discharge disposition and those left without being seen by a physician. We compared prepandemic (before the first COVID-19 case), early pandemic (after first COVID-19 case) and peak pandemic (during public health emergency) periods as well as a similar time from the previous year.RESULTS: A reduction of 57% and 70% in overall visits was recorded in the children's hospital ED and the general hospitals EDs, respectively. Average daily visits declined significantly during the peak-pandemic period (167.44±40.72) compared with prepandemic period (543.53±58.8). Admission rates increased mainly due to the decrease in the rate of visits with lower acuity. Children with complaints of 'fever' and 'gastrointestinal' symptoms had both the largest overall volume and per cent reduction in visits between peak-pandemic and prior year (79% and 74%, respectively).CONCLUSION: Paediatric emergency medicine attendances were reduced to one-third of normal numbers during the 2020 COVID-19 lockdown in British Columbia, Canada, with the reduction mainly seen in minor illnesses that do not usually require admission.
|
['Adolescent', 'Betacoronavirus', 'British Columbia', 'COVID-19', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Coronavirus Infections', 'Emergencies', 'Emergency Medicine', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Female', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Hospitals, Pediatric', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Pandemics', 'Patient Admission', 'Patient Discharge', 'Pneumonia, Viral', 'SARS-CoV-2', 'Triage']
| 33,127,743
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['B04.820.578.500.540.150.113'], ['Z01.107.567.176.160'], ['C01.748.214', 'C01.748.610.763.500', 'C01.925.705.500', 'C01.925.782.600.550.200.163', 'C08.381.677.807.500', 'C08.730.214', 'C08.730.610.763.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C01.925.782.600.550.200'], ['C23.550.291.781', 'N06.230.100.083', 'N06.850.376'], ['H02.403.250'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['N02.278.421.556.437'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['N06.850.290.200.600'], ['E02.760.400.600', 'N02.421.585.400.600'], ['E02.760.169.125', 'E02.760.400.610', 'N02.421.585.169.125', 'N02.421.585.400.610', 'N04.590.233.727.210.125'], ['C01.748.610.763', 'C01.925.705', 'C08.381.677.807', 'C08.730.610.763'], ['B04.820.578.500.540.150.113.968'], ['N02.421.297.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Interrelation between the renal sympathetic nerve and atrial natriuretic peptide in conscious long Evans rats subjected to sodium restriction.
|
The renal excretory function and plasma renin activity (PRA) were studied in conscious rats on a low sodium diet (25 mmol/kg) after atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) infusion (100 ng/kg b.w./min) for 80 min through a catheter implanted in the right atrium. The half of the animals were with bilateral kidney denervation. The rats were housed every day from 8 a.m. to 2 p.m. in individual metabolic cages for urine collection and Na, Cl, osmolality and endogenous creatinine determination. At the last day of the experiments after the ANP infusion, blood was taken from the heart for electrolytes, endogenous creatinine and PRA. The effect of denervation was monitored by measuring of noradrenaline in kidney homogenate. The data indicated that even at low sodium diet ANP stimulates the diuresis and sodium excretion without changing the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The kidney denervation combined with ANP infusion increased twice the diuresis and four times sodium excretion vs. the control animals. In the same time PRA was decreased by about 70%. We assume that the low sodium diet attenuates the effect of ANP in respect to the excretory function. This inhibitory effect is amplified by the renal sympathetic nerves. The decrease of PRA and possibly the increased activity of renal receptors after the denervation could explain the data obtained.
|
['Animals', 'Atrial Natriuretic Factor', 'Denervation', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'Diet, Sodium-Restricted', 'Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'Injections, Intravenous', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Norepinephrine', 'Osmolar Concentration', 'Rats', 'Rats, Brattleboro', 'Renin', 'Sympathetic Nervous System']
| 7,645,406
|
[['B01.050'], ['D06.472.699.584.500', 'D12.644.548.585.500'], ['E04.525.210'], ['C18.452.394.750.074', 'C19.246.240', 'E05.598.500.374'], ['E02.642.249.290', 'G07.203.650.240.290'], ['E01.370.390.400.300', 'G08.852.357'], ['E02.319.267.082.750', 'E02.319.267.530.540'], ['A05.810.453'], ['D02.033.100.291.502', 'D02.092.063.480', 'D02.092.211.215.746', 'D02.092.311.830', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.830'], ['G02.640'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.550.110'], ['D08.811.277.656.074.500.780', 'D08.811.277.656.300.048.780', 'D08.811.277.656.837.750'], ['A08.800.050.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Upregulation of miR-21 by Ghrelin Ameliorates Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Inhibiting Inflammation and Cell Apoptosis.
|
Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury can be caused by cardiac surgery, renal vascular obstruction, and kidney transplantation, mainly leading to acute kidney injury (AKI), which is complicated by lack of effective preventative and therapeutic strategies. Ghrelin has recently been reported to possess anti-inflammatory properties in several types of cells; however, little attention has been given to the role of ghrelin in I/R-induced AKI. The aim of this study is to explore the role of ghrelin in I/R-induced AKI. In this study, an I/R-induced rat AKI model and a hypoxia-induced NRK-52E cell I/R model were successfully constructed. Ghrelin expression was increased significantly in these rat and cell models. After enhancing ghrelin level by injecting exogenous ghrelin into rats or transfecting a ghrelin-pcDNA3.1 vector into renal tubular epithelial cells, we observed that I/R-induced AKI can be ameliorated by ghrelin, as shown by alterations in histology, as well as changes in serum creatinine (SCr) level, cell apoptosis, and the levels of inflammatory factors. Based on the importance of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in renal disease and the modulation effect of ghrelin on miR-21 in gastric epithelial cells, we tested whether miR-21 participates in the protective effect of ghrelin on I/R-induced AKI. Ghrelin could upregulate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by increasing the miR-21 level, which led to the protective effect of ghrelin on I/R-induced AKI by inhibiting the inflammatory response and renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis. Our research identifies that ghrelin can ameliorate I/R-induced AKI by upregulating miR-21, which advances the understanding of mechanisms by which ghrelin ameliorates I/R-induced AKI.
|
['Acute Kidney Injury', 'Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell Line', 'Creatinine', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Ghrelin', 'Inflammation', 'Kidney Function Tests', 'Kidney Tubules', 'Male', 'MicroRNAs', 'Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Reperfusion Injury', 'Transgenes']
| 27,152,763
|
[['C12.777.419.780.050', 'C13.351.968.419.780.050'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['A11.436'], ['G05.308'], ['D06.472.699.301', 'D12.644.548.322'], ['C23.550.470'], ['E01.370.390.400'], ['A05.810.453.736.560'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.755', 'D12.776.476.565', 'D12.776.624.664.700.168'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['C14.907.725', 'C23.550.767.877'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.825']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Organization and evolution of the chalcone synthase gene family in bread wheat and relative species.
|
BACKGROUND: Flavonoid compounds are secondary plant metabolites, having a functional importance in plant development, protection from pathogens and unfavorable environmental factors. Chalcone synthase (CHS) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of flavonoids; it is involved in biosynthesis of all classes of flavonoid compounds. Nevertheless, the Chs gene family in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) has been not characterized yet. The aim of the current study was to investigate structural and functional organization of the Chs genes and evolution of this gene family in bread wheat and relative species.RESULTS: The nucleotide sequences of the eight Chs copies in T. aestivum were identified. Among them, two homoeologous sets of the Chs genes were located on the short (Chs-A1, -B1, -D1) and the long (Chs-A4, -B4, -D4) arms of homoeologous group 2 chromosomes. Two paralogous gene copies in the B-genome (Chs-B2, -B3) were located in the distal regions of 2BS chromosome. To clarify the origin of Chs duplications in the B-genome the phylogenetic analysis with the Chs sequences of Triticum and Aegilops species carrying ancestral genomes was conducted. It was estimated that the first duplication event occurred in the genome of the common ancestor of Triticum and Aegilops genera about 10-12 million years ago (MYA), then another copy was formed in the ancestor of the B-genome about 6-7 MYA. A homology modeling revealed high sequence similarity of bread wheat CHS enzymes. A number of short deletions in coding regions of some Chs sequences are not expected to have any significant functional effects. Estimation of transcriptional activity of the Chs copies along with a comparative analysis of their promoters structure suggested their functional specialization, which likely contributed to the maintaining of the duplicated Chs genes in wheat genome.CONCLUSIONS: From possible ten Chs copies in bread wheat genome, eight members of this family retained their intact structure and activity, while two copies appear to be lost at the level of diploid and tetraploid ancestors. Transcriptional assay along with a comparative analysis of the cis-regulatory elements revealed their functional diversification. The multiple functions supported by the Chs family are assumed to be a driving force for duplications of the Chs gene and their retention in plant genome.
|
['Acyltransferases', 'Flavonoids', 'Models, Molecular', 'Multigene Family', 'Phylogeny', 'Triticum']
| 30,885,129
|
[['D08.811.913.050'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.918']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
In situ observation of the Cardinium symbionts of Brevipalpus (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) by electron microscopy.
|
Brevipalpus (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) mites are important pests on a variety of host plant species. The mites damage their hosts directly by feeding and some species also serve as vectors of plant viruses. Among more than 200 described Brevipalpus species, three are recognized as vectors of plant viruses: B. phoenicis, B. californicus and B. obovatus. These species occur worldwide in subtropical and tropical regions. Brevipalpus mites reproduce mostly by thelytokous parthenogenesis and this condition was attributed to a bacterial endosymbiont, recently characterized as a member of the genus Cardinium. The same symbiont infects many other arthropods and is capable of manipulating their host reproduction in various ways. Generally the presence of Cardinium is determined by molecular, PCR based, techniques. In the current work we present visual evidence for the presence of these bacteria by transmission electron microscopy as a complement of previous detection by PCR. Cardinium is easily identified by the presence of a unique array of microtubule-like structures (ML) in the cell. Symbionts have been observed in several organs and eggs from different populations of all three Brevipalpus species known as vector of plant viruses. Cardinium cells were always immersed directly within the cytoplasm of infected cells. Bacteria were observed in all females of all instars, but were absent from all males examined. Females from some Brevipalpus populations were observed to be uninfected by Cardinium. This observation confirmed previous PCR-based results that these populations were aposymbiotic. The observed distribution of the bacteria suggests that these bacteria could have other functions in the mite biology beside feminization.
|
['Animals', 'Cytophagaceae', 'Female', 'Life Cycle Stages', 'Microscopy, Electron, Transmission', 'Mites', 'Ovum', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Symbiosis']
| 17,634,867
|
[['B01.050'], ['B03.440.080.130', 'B03.440.400.425.300'], ['B05.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.580', 'E05.595.402.580'], ['B01.050.500.131.166.132.419'], ['A05.360.490.690', 'A11.497.497', 'A16.690'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G06.550.800', 'G16.840']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A comparison of the effects of neuroleptics on phencyclidine-induced behaviors in the rat.
|
The dose-response effects of neuroleptic pretreatment on phencyclidine (PCP; 3 or 5 mg/kg)-induced locomotor activity, stereotyped behaviors and ataxia were quantified in groups of male rats using rating scales recently developed in this laboratory. Three butyrophenone neuroleptics consistently produced dose-dependent antagonism of the behavioral effects of PCP administration. Fluphenazine antagonized the behavioral effects produced by 3 mg/kg PCP but not those produced by 5 mg/kg PCP. Each of the other neuroleptics examined (chlorpromazine, thioridazine, mesoridazine, triflupromazine, cis-flupenthixol) had no consistent antagonistic effect or actually enhanced one or more of the behavioral effects of PCP. Some neuroleptics slightly reduced PCP locomotion or stereotypies at high doses, but these effects were probably a non-specific consequence of the synergistic ataxia-producing properties of these drugs. In a second set of experiments, atropine sulfate pretreatment increased PCP-induced locomotor activity and stereotyped behaviors but had no effect on ataxia; pretreatment with physostigmine produced opposite effects. Combined pretreatment with haloperidol and atropine sulfate significantly reduced only haloperidol antagonism of PCP-induced ataxia, thus suggesting that non-dopoaminergic effects of neuroleptics may interfere with their ability to antagonize PCP.
|
['Animals', 'Antipsychotic Agents', 'Ataxia', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Motor Activity', 'Phencyclidine', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Stereotyped Behavior']
| 6,119,221
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.331'], ['C10.597.350.090', 'C23.888.592.350.090'], ['F01.145.113'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['D03.383.621.699'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['F01.145.896']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
myo-Inositol binding and transport in brush border membranes of rat kidney.
|
Using hypotonically treated brush border membranes, binding and transport of myo-inositol were examined. By hypotonic treatment, both total and non-specific uptake decreased significantly, but specific uptake was not affected. myo-Inositol release from membranes preloaded by incubation for 2 min was very rapid and about 98% of preloaded myo-inositol was released in 5 min of incubation. However, myo-inositol release from membranes preloaded by incubation for 20 min was fairly slow and 50% of myo-inositol remained in the membranes even after 10 min of incubation. Uptake of myo-inositol decreased by the increase of osmolarity in the medium. However, effect of osmolarity on the uptake was less significant when myo-inositol concentration was lower. Under conditions in which mainly binding occurred, myo-inositol binding to the membranes was measured. Two binding systems were demonstrated and high affinity site could bind 22 pmol/mg protein at most and the apparent Km value was 8.3 muM. Both binding and transport processes were dependent on Na+ and enhanced by Na+-gradient.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Transport', 'Cell Membrane', 'Inositol', 'Kidney', 'Kinetics', 'Mannitol', 'Osmolar Concentration', 'Potassium', 'Rats', 'Sodium']
| 831,786
|
[['B01.050'], ['G03.143'], ['A11.284.149'], ['D02.033.800.519', 'D09.853.519'], ['A05.810.453'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D02.033.800.609', 'D09.853.609'], ['G02.640'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Intracellular Accumulation of Linezolid and Florfenicol in OptrA-Producing Enterococcus faecalis
|
The optrA gene, which confers transferable resistance to oxazolidinones and phenicols, is defined as an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter but lacks transmembrane domains. The resistance mechanism of optrA and whether it involves antibiotic efflux or ribosomal protection remain unclear. In this study, we determined the MIC values of all bacterial strains by broth microdilution, and used ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry to quantitatively determine the intracellular concentrations of linezolid and florfenicol in Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus. Linezolid and florfenicol both accumulated in susceptible strains and optrA-carrying strains of E. faecalis and S. aureus. No significant differences were observed in the patterns of drug accumulation among E. faecalis JH2-2, E. faecalis JH2-2/pAM401, and E. faecalis JH2-2/pAM401+optrA, but also among S. aureus RN4220, S. aureus RN4220/pAM401, and S. aureus RN4220/pAM401+optrA. ANOVA scores also suggested similar accumulation conditions of the two target compounds in susceptible strains and optrA-carrying strains. Based on our findings, the mechanism of optrA-mediated resistance to oxazolidinones and phenicols obviously does not involve active efflux and the OptrA protein does not confer resistance via efflux like other ABC transporters.
|
['Drug Resistance, Bacterial', 'Enterococcus faecalis', 'Linezolid', 'Oxazolidinones', 'Species Specificity', 'Staphylococcus aureus', 'Thiamphenicol']
| 30,518,106
|
[['G06.099.225', 'G06.225.347', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347'], ['B03.353.750.250.250.280', 'B03.510.550.250.250.280'], ['D02.065.064.463', 'D02.241.081.018.110.525', 'D03.383.129.462.600.550'], ['D03.383.129.462.600'], ['G16.824'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100'], ['D02.033.455.706.300.850', 'D02.455.426.559.389.565.175.850', 'D02.640.529.175.850']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Injury risk in professional basketball players: a comparison of Women's National Basketball Association and National Basketball Association athletes.
|
BACKGROUND: Gender-based differences in injury rates have been reported in scholastic and collegiate basketball. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively compare injury rates in women's and men's professional basketball.HYPOTHESIS: Female professional basketball players are injured at a higher rate than are men.STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study (prevalence); Level of evidence, 2.METHODS: Women's National Basketball Association and National Basketball Association injury data were retrospectively reviewed for 6 full seasons. The frequency of all injuries and the rate of game-related injuries were calculated.RESULTS: Complete player profiles were obtained on 702 National Basketball Association athletes and 443 Women's National Basketball Association athletes who competed in their respective leagues during the data collection period. Total game exposures totaled 70,420 (National Basketball Association) and 22,980 (Women's National Basketball Association). Women's National Basketball Association athletes had a higher overall game-related injury rate (24.9 per 1000 athlete exposures; 95% confidence interval, 22.9-26.9; P < .05) when compared with National Basketball Association athletes (19.3 per 1000 athlete exposures; 95% confidence interval, 18.3-20.4) and sustained a higher rate of lower extremity injuries (14.6 per 1000 athlete exposures; 95% confidence interval, 13.1-16.2; P < .05) than seen in the National Basketball Association (11.6 per 1000 athlete exposures; 95% confidence interval, 10.8-12.4). The lower extremity was the most commonly injured body area (65%), and lateral ankle sprain (13.7%) was the most common diagnosis in both leagues. The incidence of game-related knee injury was higher in Women's National Basketball Association players. The incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injury in the National Basketball Association (n = 22, 0.8%) and Women's National Basketball Association (n = 14, 0.9%) accounted for 0.8% of the 4446 injuries reported.CONCLUSION: The lower extremity is the most frequently injured body area in both leagues, and Women's National Basketball Association athletes are more susceptible than are National Basketball Association athletes. There were, however, few statistical differences in the actual injuries occurring between the 2 leagues.
|
['Adult', 'Athletic Injuries', 'Basketball', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sex Distribution']
| 16,493,173
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C26.115'], ['I03.450.642.845.117'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Serum sclerostin and DKK1 in relation to exercise against bone loss in experimental bed rest.
|
The impact of effective exercise against bone loss during experimental bed rest appears to be associated with increases in bone formation rather than reductions of bone resorption. Sclerostin and dickkopf-1 are important inhibitors of osteoblast activity. We hypothesized that exercise in bed rest would prevent increases in sclerostin and dickkopf-1. Twenty-four male subjects performed resistive vibration exercise (RVE; n = 7), resistive exercise only (RE; n = 8), or no exercise (control n = 9) during 60 days of bed rest (2nd Berlin BedRest Study). We measured serum levels of BAP, CTX-I, iPTH, calcium, sclerostin, and dickkopf-1 at 16 time-points during and up to 1 year after bed rest. In inactive control, after an initial increase in both BAP and CTX-I, sclerostin increased. BAP then returned to baseline levels, and CTX-I continued to increase. In RVE and RE, BAP increased more than control in bed rest (p ? 0.029). Increases of CTX-I in RE and RVE did not differ significantly to inactive control. RE may have attenuated increases in sclerostin and dickkopf-1, but this was not statistically significant. In RVE there was no evidence for any impact on sclerostin and dickkopf-1 changes. Long-term recovery of bone was also measured and 6-24 months after bed rest, and proximal femur bone mineral content was still greater in RVE than control (p = 0.01). The results, while showing that exercise against bone loss in experimental bed rest results in greater bone formation, could not provide evidence that exercise impeded the rise in serum sclerostin and dickkopf-1 levels.
|
['Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing', 'Adult', 'Bed Rest', 'Biomarkers', 'Bone Density', 'Bone Morphogenetic Proteins', 'Exercise', 'Femur', 'Genetic Markers', 'Humans', 'Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Male', 'Osteogenesis', 'Time Factors']
| 26,056,021
|
[['D12.644.360.024', 'D12.776.157.057', 'D12.776.476.024'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E02.075'], ['D23.101'], ['G11.427.100'], ['D12.644.276.954.200', 'D12.776.467.942.200', 'D23.529.942.200'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['A02.835.232.043.150'], ['D23.101.387', 'G05.695.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276', 'D12.776.467', 'D23.529'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.050.500.729', 'G11.427.578.050.500.729'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
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