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A simple method for long-term drug infusion in mice: evaluation of guanazole as a model (38488).
|
A simplified technique for iv infusion in unrestricted DBA/2-J inbred mice has been described. The method, which involves direct cannulation of the tail vein with polyethylene tubing, is suitable for routine use. Guanazole, an antileukemic agent with a short plasma half-life, was evaluated as a model compound. After administration for 47 hr at the rate of 0.3 ml/hr, guanazole (30 mg/ml) caused a marked inhibition of incorporation of 14 C-uridine, administered 15 min before sacrifice, primarily into DNA of spleen, thymus and bone marrow in decreasing order. Inhibition of incorporation into RNA was less marked but followed a similar pattern. The effects on the incorporation of uridine in nucleic acids of kidney, heart and brain were minimal. Increased incorporations into RNA and DNA occurred in liver. The data for the hemopoietic and lymphoid organs, namely spleen, thymus and marrow, are consistent with the reported immunosuppressive and mylelosuppressive effects of the drug and also with the inhibition of ribonucleoside diphosphate reducaste by guanazole.
|
['Animals', 'Bone Marrow', 'Brain', 'DNA', 'Depression, Chemical', 'Female', 'Guanazole', 'Injections, Intravenous', 'Kidney', 'Liver', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred DBA', 'Myocardium', 'RNA', 'Spleen', 'Thymus Gland', 'Triazoles', 'Uridine']
| 1,129,251
|
[['B01.050'], ['A15.382.216'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G07.690.773.750'], ['D03.383.129.799.500'], ['E02.319.267.082.750', 'E02.319.267.530.540'], ['A05.810.453'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.500'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['D13.444.735'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['A10.549.750', 'A15.382.520.604.750'], ['D03.383.129.799'], ['D03.383.742.680.852', 'D13.570.685.852', 'D13.570.800.892']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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| 0
| 0
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|
Moving from Patient Advocacy to Partnership: A Long and Bumpy Road.
|
Real-life experiences of grassroots patient organizations across a variety of diseases, countries and contexts have been used to develop a four-mode framework of the transition from patient advocacy to partnership, defined by one axis as individual versus collective action and the other axis as activities 'outside' or 'inside' the system. The four quadrants are labeled as advocacy, activism, reform and broker, and engagement is further refined by whether the participation is 'pushed' by the group or 'pulled' by the system. There are many examples of patient advocacy groups transitioning through the four quadrants; however, depending on other factors of culture, opportunity and their own preferences, groups may work primarily through one or two quadrants.
|
['Humans', 'Patient Advocacy', 'Patient Participation']
| 28,097,637
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.880.604.631', 'N03.706.678'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.620', 'F01.145.488.887.500.620', 'N02.421.143.212.300', 'N03.540.245.360.300', 'N05.300.150.800.500.620']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
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Evidence for (Mac1p)2.DNA ternary complex formation in Mac1p-dependent transactivation at the CTR1 promoter.
|
The Mac1 protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is required for the expression CTR1 and FRE1, which, respectively, encode the copper permease and metal reductase that participate in copper uptake. Mac1p binds to a core GCTC sequence present as a repeated unit in the promoters of both genes. We show here that Mac1p DNA binding required an intact N-terminal protein domain that includes a likely zinc finger motif. This binding was enhanced by the presence of a TATTT sequence immediately 5' to the core GCTC, in contrast to a TTTTT one. This increased binding was demonstrated clearly in vitro in electrophoretic mobility shift assays that showed Mac1p.DNA complex formation to a single TATTTGCTC element but not to a TTTTTGCTC one. Furthermore, the fraction of Mac1p in a ternary (Mac1p)2.DNA complex in comparison to a binary Mac1p.DNA complex increased when the DNA included two TATTTGCTC elements. A similar increase in ternary complex formation was demonstrated upon homologous mutation of the FRE1 Mac1p-dependent promoter element. The in vivo importance of this ternary complex formation at the CTR1 promoter was indicated by the stronger trans-activity of this promoter mutated to contain two TATTT elements and the attenuated activity of a mutant promoter containing two TTTTT elements that in vitro supported only a weak ternary complex signal in the shift assay. The stronger binding to TATTT appeared due to a more favorable protein contact with adenine in comparison to thymine at this position. An in vivo two-hybrid analysis demonstrated a Mac1p-Mac1p protein-protein interaction. This Mac1p-Mac1p interaction may promote (Mac1p)2.DNA ternary complex formation at Mac1p-responsive upstream activating sequences.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Cation Transport Proteins', 'Copper Transporter 1', 'DNA', 'DNA Primers', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Protein Binding', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Transcription Factors', 'Transcriptional Activation', 'Zinc Fingers']
| 9,867,833
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.250', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.250.578.875.500', 'D12.776.157.530.937.640.500', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.578.875.500', 'D12.776.543.585.937.762.500'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D12.776.354'], ['D12.776.543'], ['D12.776.660'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G05.308.800'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500.985']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Low nitrogen losses with a new source of nitrogen for cultivation of conifer seedlings.
|
Losses of nitrogen (N) when cultivating plants may cause a number of adverse environmental effects. N losses from conifer nurseries, for instance, may have a considerable impact on the local environment, and studies indicate that the bulk of added N is not recovered in the cultivated plants. This study was conducted to obtain insight into the causes of the low recovery and to test an alternative N fertilizer. Hence, growth of the economically important Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris (L).) seedlings and the recovery of different forms of added nitrogen (N) were investigated in a greenhouse experiment. Containerized seedlings were grown in peat for one summer, with two different N fertilizers, one organic (arginine) and one inorganic (a commercial fertilizer (CF) containing a mixture of ammonium and nitrate) each at an N concentration of 3 mM. At the end of the growth period, some seedlings were labeled with solutions containing either U-[13C6], [15N4]-arginine, (15NH4)2SO4, or K15NO3 supplied to the growth substrate. Labeled seedlings were harvested 1 h, 5 days, and 19 days after tracer addition, and the recovery of each added nitrogen source in both the seedlings and the growth substrate was measured. The retention of the three N forms during discharge of solutions from the growth substrate, peat, was tested in a separate experiment. Arginine-fed seedlings grew better and had higher needle N concentrations than the CF-fed seedlings. Isotopic data showed that the arginine treatment gave significantly higher N recoveries (80%) compared to the CF treatment (50%). The low recovery of N in the CF treatment was largely due to very low recovery (30%) of NO3- -N. The retention of the different N forms during discharge of solutions from the growth substrate was highest for arginine, somewhat lower for NH44+, and very low for NO3-. The high rate of seedling growth and the small nitrogen losses observed when using arginine suggest that this amino acid may be an efficient and environmentally favorable N source for cultivating conifer seedlings.
|
['Arginine', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Environmental Pollution', 'Fertilizers', 'Forestry', 'Nitrogen', 'Pinus', 'Seedlings', 'Soil Pollutants', 'Water Pollutants']
| 12,487,309
|
[['D12.125.068.050', 'D12.125.095.104', 'D12.125.142.087'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['N06.850.460'], ['D27.720.031.400'], ['J01.576.430'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.625.875.777'], ['A18.550', 'B01.650.819'], ['D27.888.284.756'], ['D27.888.284.903']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Prostaglandin E1 versus phentolamine/papaverine for the treatment of erectile impotence: a double-blind comparison.
|
The use of intracavernous prostaglandin E1 was studied in 48 organically impotent men. Eight men with previous chemical priapism did not have chemically induced priapism at up to 4 times the minimum effective dose of prostaglandin E1. Of 15 men with arteriogenic impotence who had failed prior intracavernous phentolamine and papaverine therapy 10 had adequate erections with prostaglandin E1. A total of 25 men received intracavernous prostaglandin E1 and phentolamine plus papaverine in a double-blind fashion. Erections with prostaglandin E1 were equal or superior to those with phentolamine plus papaverine in each case.
|
['Alprostadil', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Erectile Dysfunction', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Papaverine', 'Penile Erection', 'Phentolamine']
| 2,918,589
|
[['D10.251.355.255.550.250.100', 'D10.251.355.325.050', 'D23.469.050.175.725.250.100'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['E02.319.310'], ['C12.294.644.486', 'F03.835.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.132.098.666', 'D03.132.577.750', 'D03.633.100.531.085.666'], ['G08.686.784.717'], ['D03.383.129.308.754']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
beta-dystrobrevin, a new member of the dystrophin family. Identification, cloning, and protein associations.
|
Dystrophin, the protein disrupted in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, is one of several related proteins that are key components of the submembrane cytoskeleton. Three dystrophin-related proteins (utrophin, dystrophin-related protein-2 (DRP2), and dystrobrevin) have been described. Here, we identify a human gene on chromosome 2p22-23 that encodes a novel protein, beta-dystrobrevin, with significant homology to the other known dystrobrevin (now termed alpha-dystrobrevin). Sequence alignments including this second dystrobrevin strongly support the concept that two distinct subfamilies exist within the dystrophin family, one composed of dystrophin, utrophin, and DRP2 and the other composed of alpha- and beta-dystrobrevin. The possibility that members of each subfamily form distinct protein complexes was examined by immunopurifying dystrobrevins and dystrophin. A beta-dystrobrevin antibody recognized a protein of the predicted size (71 kDa) that copurified with the dystrophin short form, Dp71. Thus, like alpha-dystrobrevin, beta-dystrobrevin is likely to associate directly with dystrophin. alpha- and beta-dystrobrevins failed to copurify with each other, however. These results suggest that members of the dystrobrevin subfamily form heterotypic associations with dystrophin and raise the possibility that pairing of a particular dystrobrevin with dystrophin may be regulated, thereby providing a mechanism for assembly of distinct submembrane protein complexes.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Brain Chemistry', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Cytoskeletal Proteins', 'Dystrophin', 'Dystrophin-Associated Proteins', 'Humans', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Muscle Proteins', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Utrophin']
| 9,395,493
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.150', 'G03.185'], ['E05.393.183'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D12.776.220'], ['D12.776.210.500.250', 'D12.776.220.250', 'D12.776.543.250'], ['D12.776.210.500.410', 'D12.776.220.362', 'D12.776.543.268'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.543'], ['E05.599.595'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.210.500'], ['E05.393.751'], ['D12.776.220.987', 'D12.776.543.985']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Apoptosis and cellular proliferation in human epidermal squamous cell neoplasia.
|
We examined cell loss (apoptosis) and proliferation in a histopathological spectrum of epidermal squamous cell neoplasia, including 11 cases of solar keratosis (SK), 18 Bowen's diseases (BD) and 19 invasive squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Apoptotic and proliferative cells were determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end labeling (TUNEL) and by the detection of nuclear antigen Ki-67, respectively. Few apoptotic cells were observed in normal epidermis, while TUNEL index (TI; percentage of TUNEL-positive cells) was highest for SCCs, followed by BDs and SKs, in the order given. Although the mean Ki-67 index did not differ between SCCs and BDs, both disease types showed a significantly higher index than the SKs. Of SCCs, both TI and Ki-67 index values were significantly higher in poorly than in well differentiated carcinomas. TI was significantly higher in SCCs without P53 immunohistochemical expression than in SCCs with P53 expression, while TI and Ki-67 indices did not correlate with P53 expression in the SKs and BDs. These results suggest that apoptosis reflects not only cell loss, but also proliferative activity in the epidermal neoplastic lesions.
|
['Apoptosis', "Bowen's Disease", 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Cell Division', 'Genetic Techniques', 'Humans', 'Keratosis', 'Ki-67 Antigen', 'Skin Neoplasms', 'Sunlight', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53']
| 9,550,311
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['C04.557.470.200.400.130', 'C04.557.470.700.400.130'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['E05.393'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C17.800.428'], ['D12.776.660.625.500', 'D23.050.290.500', 'D23.101.140.400'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.836', 'G01.750.250.650.836', 'G01.750.770.578.836', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525', 'G16.500.750.775.525', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Children's knowledge of contagion and contamination as causes of illness.
|
Children's knowledge of contagion and contamination as causes of illness was examined in 3 experiments. In Experiment 1, preschoolers and children in grades 1 and 3 were shown videotaped segments of puppets with colds and toothaches who explained their ailments in terms of contagion and immanent justice. The children were instructed to evaluate and correct the puppets' explanations and, in addition, to indicate the possible effects on health of drinking milk that had come into contact with objects such as a cockroach, used comb, and spoon. Even preschoolers displayed some knowledge of contagion and contamination. However, compared to the third graders, younger children were less likely to reject proximity to a sick person and naughty behavior as causes of toothaches. They were also more likely to indicate that to drink milk that had come into contact with a spoon was unhealthy. In Experiment 2, preschoolers rejected the proposition that an ailment caused by accident (i.e., a scraped knee) is contagious and, in Experiment 3, they generally accepted that contamination through contact with a dirty spoon can be prevented by washing. Altogether, preschoolers have a more substantial knowledge of contagion and contamination than has been estimated previously. The results are discussed in terms of children's ability to understand causal relations.
|
['Accidents', 'Attitude to Health', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cognition', 'Common Cold', 'Disease', 'Disease Transmission, Infectious', 'Food Contamination', 'Humans', 'Morals', 'Psychology, Child', 'Toothache']
| 3,168,645
|
[['N06.850.135'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['F02.463.188'], ['C01.748.162', 'C01.925.782.687.207', 'C08.730.162'], ['C23.550.288'], ['N06.850.335'], ['J01.576.423.850.730.500.249', 'N06.850.460.400', 'N06.850.601.500.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.500', 'K01.752.566'], ['F04.096.628.193'], ['C07.793.929', 'C23.888.592.612.330.500']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Generation of the amyloid-beta peptide N terminus in Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing human Alzheimer's amyloid-beta precursor protein.
|
The Alzheimer's amyloid-beta precursor protein (betaAPP) is a type 1 membrane-spanning protein from which the Alzheimer's disease amyloid-beta peptide (Abeta) is proteolytically derived. To date, attempts to identify the enzymes responsible for Abeta generation have failed. Here we report the accumulation of Abeta-immunoreactive peptides in yeast expressing human betaAPP. Characterization of these peptides by metabolic labeling, immunoprecipitation with Abeta-specific antibodies, and N-terminal radiosequencing indicates that these peptides include the Abeta peptide at their N termini. The Abeta-like peptides generated in yeast were recovered predominantly as 8- and 12-14-kDa species. A 4-kDa species was recovered either when a protease-deficient strain was used to prevent breakdown or when the 8- and 12-14-kDa species were treated with disaggregating agents. The likely existence in yeast of enzymes generating the Abeta N terminus indicates that the molecular identification of yeast beta-secretase-like enzymes may be accomplished using genetic screens or empirical approaches based upon the sequenced genome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
|
['Alzheimer Disease', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases', 'Amyloid beta-Peptides', 'Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor', 'Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Endopeptidases', 'Gene Expression', 'Humans', 'Molecular Weight', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Precipitin Tests', 'Protein Processing, Post-Translational', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae']
| 10,567,340
|
[['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.032'], ['D12.644.024', 'D12.776.049.407.249.500', 'D12.776.543.039.500'], ['D12.776.049.407.249', 'D12.776.543.039', 'D12.776.645.468.500', 'D12.776.811.050'], ['D08.811.277.656.074.500', 'D08.811.277.656.300.048'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['D08.811.277.656.300'], ['G05.297'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.494'], ['D12.644.541'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645', 'E05.196.150.639.500', 'E05.200.812.735.645', 'E05.478.594.760.645', 'E05.478.605.492'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600', 'G02.111.691.600', 'G03.734.871.790.600', 'G05.308.670.600'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The effect of retinol on hepatic and renal drug-metabolising enzymes.
|
Retinol pretreatment (75 mg/kg/day, 4 days) potentiated paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in BALB/c mice (alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity; 2510+/-602 vs 1155+/-282 IU/l; retinol+paracetamol vs corn oil+paracetamol, respectively, P<0.05); however, this potentiation did not occur in the kidney, indicating an organ-specific response. Retinol treatment alone was not toxic in either organ, as indicated by ALT activity, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine. The potentiation effect could be mediated by retinol's induction of CYP450 isoforms relevant to paracetamol metabolism or through depletion of glutathione. Therefore, these parameters were investigated in both organs. Following retinol treatment, renal CYP2E1 and hepatic CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 catalytic activities and polypeptide levels were unchanged. However, retinol significantly decreased both the catalytic activity (0.23+/-0.03 vs 0.53+/-0.06 nmol/mg/min; retinol vs untreated, respectively, P<0.05) and polypeptide levels (58+/-0.6% of control) of hepatic CYP3A. Inhibition of renal CYP3A did not occur as catalytic activity and polypeptide levels were unchanged from control. Following retinol treatment, total reduced glutathione levels, in both organs, were not significantly different from control. Therefore, the potentiation of paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity is independent of CYP450 and glutathione.
|
['Acetaminophen', 'Alanine Transaminase', 'Analgesics, Non-Narcotic', 'Animals', 'Blood Urea Nitrogen', 'Creatinine', 'Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2', 'Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1', 'Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System', 'Drug Synergism', 'Glutathione', 'Kidney', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Organ Specificity', 'Protein Isoforms', 'Vitamin A', 'Zea mays']
| 11,259,846
|
[['D02.065.199.092.040', 'D02.092.146.113.092.040'], ['D08.811.913.477.700.100'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040', 'D27.505.954.427.040.100'], ['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.115', 'E01.370.390.400.100', 'E05.200.124.100.115'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['D08.244.453.005.443', 'D08.244.453.100.750', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.010.443', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.020.750', 'D12.776.422.220.453.010.443', 'D12.776.422.220.453.100.750'], ['D08.244.453.491.375', 'D08.811.682.662.582.338', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.450.375', 'D12.776.422.220.453.491.375'], ['D08.244.453', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170', 'D12.776.422.220.453'], ['G07.690.773.968.477'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['A05.810.453'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['G07.650'], ['D12.776.800'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.495.818', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700.860', 'D02.455.849.131.495.818', 'D02.455.849.291.925', 'D23.767.261.700.860'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Factors associated with toothache among Brazilian adults: a multilevel analysis.
|
The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors associated with toothache in the adult population of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Individual data from a population sample (age 35 to 44 years) were collected from a secondary database of the SB Minas survey. Sampling was carried out by clusters and with multiple drawing stages. The eligibility criteria were to reside in areas chosen for the research, be within the age group, and accept to participate in the research. The individual variables assessed by a questionnaire and dental exams were sex, income, race/skin color, root caries, periodontal condition, need for dental treatment, and last dental appointment. The contextual variables, assessed by municipal indexes, were Human Development Index (HDI), illiteracy, unemployment, half minimum wage, quarter minimum wage, oral health team coverage, access to individual health care, and supervised tooth brushing average. The dependent variable was toothache in the past six months. A descriptive analysis was made using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and Hierarchical Linear and Nonlinear Modeling Software was used to perform the multilevel analyses for individual and contextual levels. An association was found between toothache and low income (OR = 2.00; 95%CI = 1.32-3.13), dental caries (OR = 1.86; 95%CI = 1.22-2.86), periodontal condition, and living on a quarter of the minimum wage or less (OR = 1.03; 95%CI = 1.00-1.08). Clinical and social factors were associated with toothache, reinforcing the need to improve public polices in oral health focused on the adult population.
|
['Adult', 'Brazil', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'DMF Index', 'Dental Caries', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Income', 'Male', 'Multilevel Analysis', 'Oral Health', 'Risk Factors', 'Sex Distribution', 'Toothache']
| 32,321,054
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.300.350', 'E06.208.266', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.300.340', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.300.350', 'N06.890.160.100'], ['C07.793.720.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N01.824.417'], ['N06.850.520.830.562'], ['N01.400.535'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['C07.793.929', 'C23.888.592.612.330.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Ultrastructural investigation of lead-induced intranuclear inclusion bodies in mice.
|
By means of optical and electron microscopy and by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in a graphite chamber, this study evaluated the effect of temperature (22-35 degrees C) on lesions in the kidney, liver, and brain, and on concentrations of lead caused by the administration of 2 and 5 mg/kg/IP of lead acetate to Swiss mice. The most pronounced effects were observed in the kidney and in groups of animals receiving the highest doses (5 mg/kg at 22 and 35 degrees C). These effects consisted of significantly higher (p < .05) lead concentrations in the tissues, a significant decrease (p < .05) in kidney weights, and progressive kidney atrophy and fibrosis with, at the ultrastructural level, constant intranuclear inclusions, which were also observed in the cytoplasm of renal and endothelial cells.
|
['Animal Feed', 'Animals', 'Brain', 'Brain Chemistry', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Inclusion Bodies', 'Kidney', 'Lead', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Organometallic Compounds', 'Temperature']
| 8,727,070
|
[['G07.203.300.300.100', 'J02.500.300.100'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['G02.111.150', 'G03.185'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['A11.284.420'], ['A05.810.453'], ['D01.268.556.435', 'D01.552.544.435'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D02.691'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The family Coriobacteriaceae: reclassification of Eubacterium exiguum (Poco et al. 1996) and Peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens (Lanigan 1976) as Slackia exigua gen. nov., comb. nov. and Slackia heliotrinireducens gen. nov., comb. nov., and Eubacterium lentum (Prevot 1938) as Eggerthella lenta gen. nov., comb. nov.
|
16S rRNA gene sequences were determined for Eubacterium exiguum and Peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens. These species were found to be closely related and, together with Eubacterium lentum, to constitute a branch of the Coriobacteriaceae. Two new genera are proposed on the basis of phenotypic characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons: Slackia to include the bile-sensitive species Eubacterium exiguum and P. heliotrinreducens, and Eggerthella to include the bile-resistant Eubacterium lentum. It is proposed that Eubacterium exiguum and Peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens are transferred to the genus Slackia gen. nov. as Slackia exigua gen. nov., comb. nov. (type strain ATCC 700122T) and Slackia heliotrinireducens gen. nov., comb. nov. (type strain NTCC 11029T), respectively, and Eubacterium lentum is transferred to the genus Eggerthella gen. nov. as Eggerthella lenta gen. nov., comb. nov. with Eggerthella lenta as the type species.
|
['Base Composition', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'DNA, Ribosomal', 'Eubacterium', 'Genes, rRNA', 'Gram-Positive Bacteria', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Peptostreptococcus', 'Phylogeny', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA']
| 10,319,481
|
[['G02.111.080'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['D13.444.308.475'], ['B03.353.625.750', 'B03.510.460.400.400.250'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645.750'], ['B03.510'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B03.353.625.798', 'B03.510.400.625'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['D13.444.735.686.670'], ['E05.393.760.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Sydenham's chorea].
|
Sydenham's Chorea (SC), a major manifestation of acute Rheumatic Fever, is an important cause of acquired chorea in childhood. The disorder is characterized by chorea, muscular weakness and a number of neuropsychiatric symptoms. The diagnosis of SC is based on clinical observation. There have been no double-blind, randomized studies to evaluate the symptomatic treatment of SC.
|
['Child', 'Chorea', 'Humans']
| 17,967,277
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['C10.228.662.262.249', 'C10.597.350.250', 'C23.888.592.350.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Mortality from Circulatory Diseases and other Non-Cancer Outcomes among Nuclear Workers in France, the United Kingdom and the United States (INWORKS).
|
Positive associations between external radiation dose and non-cancer mortality have been found in a number of published studies, primarily of populations exposed to high-dose, high-dose-rate ionizing radiation. The goal of this study was to determine whether external radiation dose was associated with non-cancer mortality in a large pooled cohort of nuclear workers exposed to low-dose radiation accumulated at low dose rates. The cohort comprised 308,297 workers from France, United Kingdom and United States. The average cumulative equivalent dose at a tissue depth of 10 mm [Hp(10)] was 25.2 mSv. In total, 22% of the cohort were deceased by the end of follow-up, with 46,029 deaths attributed to non-cancer outcomes, including 27,848 deaths attributed to circulatory diseases. Poisson regression was used to investigate the relationship between cumulative radiation dose and non-cancer mortality rates. A statistically significant association between radiation dose and all non-cancer causes of death was observed [excess relative risk per sievert (ERR/Sv) = 0.19; 90% CI: 0.07, 0.30]. This was largely driven by the association between radiation dose and mortality due to circulatory diseases (ERR/Sv = 0.22; 90% CI: 0.08, 0.37), with slightly smaller positive, but nonsignificant, point estimates for mortality due to nonmalignant respiratory disease (ERR/Sv = 0.13; 90% CI: -0.17, 0.47) and digestive disease (ERR/Sv = 0.11; 90% CI: -0.36, 0.69). The point estimate for the association between radiation dose and deaths due to external causes of death was nonsignificantly negative (ERR = -0.12; 90% CI: <-0.60, 0.45). Within circulatory disease subtypes, associations with dose were observed for mortality due to cerebrovascular disease (ERR/Sv = 0.50; 90% CI: 0.12, 0.94) and mortality due to ischemic heart disease (ERR/Sv = 0.18; 90% CI: 0.004, 0.36). The estimates of associations between radiation dose and non-cancer mortality are generally consistent with those observed in atomic bomb survivor studies. The findings of this study could be interpreted as providing further evidence that non-cancer disease risks may be increased by external radiation exposure, particularly for ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease. However, heterogeneity in the estimated ERR/Sv was observed, which warrants further investigation. Further follow-up of these cohorts, with the inclusion of internal exposure information and other potential confounders associated with lifestyle factors, may prove informative, as will further work on elucidating the biological mechanisms that might cause these non-cancer effects at low doses.
|
['Adult', 'Age Distribution', 'Aged', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Comorbidity', 'Female', 'France', 'Gastrointestinal Diseases', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced', 'Nuclear Power Plants', 'Occupational Exposure', 'Prevalence', 'Radiation Dosage', 'Radiation Exposure', 'Radiation Injuries', 'Respiration Disorders', 'Sex Distribution', 'Survival Rate', 'United Kingdom', 'United States', 'Young Adult']
| 28,692,406
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['C06.405'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.682', 'C26.733.476', 'G01.750.748.500.476'], ['E07.710.600.500', 'J01.780.600', 'J03.540.680.600'], ['N06.850.460.350.600'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.799.513', 'G01.750.740', 'N06.850.810.250'], ['G01.750.748', 'N06.850.460.350.850'], ['C26.733', 'G01.750.748.500', 'N06.850.460.350.850.500', 'N06.850.810.300.360'], ['C08.618'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['Z01.542.363'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Historic occurrence of the amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in hellbender Cryptobranchus alleganiensis populations from Missouri.
|
The pathogenic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) was recently detected in Missouri hellbender Cryptobranchus alleganiensis populations that have declined precipitously for unclear reasons. The objective of this study was to determine whether Bd occurred historically in Missouri hellbender populations or is a relatively novel occurrence. Epidermal tissue was removed from 216 archived hellbenders collected from 7 Missouri streams between 1896 and 1994. Histological techniques and an immunoperoxidase stain were used to confirm historic occurrence of Bd infection in hellbenders from the North Fork of the White (1969, 1973, 1975), Meramec (1975, 1986), Big Piney (1986), and Current rivers (1988). Bd was not detected in hellbenders from the Niangua, Gasconade or Eleven Point rivers. The study detected no evidence for endemism of Bd in Missouri hellbender populations prior to 1969, despite the fact that nearly one third of the hellbenders sampled were collected earlier. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that Bd is a non-endemic pathogen in North America that was introduced in the second half of the twentieth century.
|
['Animals', 'Chytridiomycota', 'Missouri', 'Mycoses', 'Rivers', 'Skin', 'Time Factors', 'Urodela']
| 21,991,660
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.300.283'], ['Z01.107.567.875.510.515'], ['C01.150.703'], ['G01.311.750', 'G16.500.275.280.650', 'N06.230.232.650'], ['A17.815'], ['G01.910.857'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.608']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Glucose counterregulation in patients after pancreatectomy. Comparison with other clinical forms of diabetes.
|
Glucose and counterregulatory hormone responses to a high-dose (1.7 mU/kg/min) insulin infusion were studied in 6 patients who had undergone total pancreatectomy, and the results were compared with those of normal controls and patients with other clinical forms of diabetes. The maximum increase in the plasma glucagon concentration during hypoglycemia in the pancreatectomized patients (5 +/- 5.6 pg/ml) was less than in normals (121 +/- 22 pg/ml). Type I diabetic subjects (28 +/- 14 pg/ml), and insulin-treated diabetic subjects of recent onset (36 +/- 12 pg/ml) also had reduced responses, while responses were normal in type II diabetic subjects (102 +/- 26 pg/ml). The epinephrine response to the hypoglycemic stimulus was reduced after pancreatectomy (278 +/- 81 pg/ml) and in type I diabetic subjects (628 +/- 244 pg/ml), but was not different from control (858 +/- 126 pg/ml) in type II and recent-onset diabetic patients. There was considerable overlap in counterregulatory hormone responses in individual patients with and without autonomic neuropathy and with normal or undetectable fasting C-peptide concentrations. While the control subjects all experienced symptoms of hypoglycemia within a narrow range of plasma glucose concentrations (35-46 mg/dl), five of the diabetic subjects experienced symptoms of hypoglycemia at plasma glucose levels of greater than or equal to 55 mg/dl, and five had no subjective awareness of hypoglycemia despite plasma glucose levels less than 30 mg/dl.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Adult', 'Blood Glucose', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Diabetic Neuropathies', 'Epinephrine', 'Female', 'Glucagon', 'Humans', 'Hypoglycemia', 'Insulin', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreatectomy']
| 6,389,228
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['C10.668.829.300', 'C19.246.099.937'], ['D02.033.100.291.310', 'D02.092.063.291.310', 'D02.092.211.215.454', 'D02.092.311.461', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.461'], ['D06.472.699.587.730.500', 'D12.644.548.586.730.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.984'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.210.752']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A novel cell culture technique for electron microscopy.
|
A simplified technique for the monolayer growth of cultured cells and their in situ embedment on the inner surface of the pyramidal portion of the Beem capsule for electron microscopy has been developed. The results demonstrated that the cell monolayers grew well on the surface of the Beem capsule and could be embedded in situ. Electron micrographs showed cells in their natural state of contact with one another. The plasma membrane and intracellular organelles were well preserved. This method minimizes many difficult steps and eliminates the disruption of cells by scraping, pelleting, or enzymatic reaction to remove them.
|
['Humans', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Tissue Embedding', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 8,305,729
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.440', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.440', 'E05.200.500.620.760.440', 'E05.200.750.600.760.440'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A case of factitious subcutaneous emphysema.
|
A 13-year-old girl presented with a 2-month history of recurrent soft tissue swelling of her right upper extremity. Dermatological examination revealed soft tissue crepitation and a small ulcer on the dorsum of her right hand. After several investigations including radiographic and systemic blood tests the diagnosis of factitious subcutaneous emphysema was made and the patient was referred to psychiatry for proper management.
|
['Adolescent', 'Air', 'Arm', 'Depression', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Factitious Disorders', 'Female', 'Functional Laterality', 'Hand Dermatoses', 'Humans', 'Injections, Subcutaneous', 'Radiography', 'Skin Ulcer', 'Subcutaneous Emphysema']
| 17,083,859
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['G16.500.275.063.150', 'N06.230.300.100.150'], ['A01.378.800.075'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['E01.171'], ['F03.875.375'], ['F02.830.297.425', 'G11.561.225.425'], ['C17.800.338'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.620'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['C17.800.893'], ['C23.550.325.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Clinical pathological analysis and immunohistochemical study of ten solitary fibrous tumors.
|
OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical and pathological characteristics of solitary fibrous tumor (SFT).METHODS: Clinical pathological analysis and immunohistochemical studies were performed on ten patients with SFT.RESULTS: The SFTs located variously and showed different histological features. All cases showed positive staining for CD(34), VM (vimentin) and Bcl-2, but negative staining for Desmin, S-100, CK (cytokeratin) and EMA (epithelial membrane antigen).CONCLUSIONS: SFT is described as a "patternless" growth pattern. According to clinical pathological features and immunohistochemistry, it is different from other soft tissue tumors. Long-term clinical follow-up is necessary for this kind of tumor.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antigens, CD34', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms, Fibrous Tissue', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2', 'Ultrasonography', 'Vimentin']
| 12,411,125
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.050.301.264.035.134', 'D23.101.100.110.134'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.557.450.565.590'], ['D12.644.360.075.718', 'D12.776.476.075.718', 'D12.776.624.664.700.169'], ['E01.370.350.850'], ['D05.750.078.593.900', 'D12.776.220.475.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Impact of United States Pharmacopeia chapter 797: results of a national survey.
|
PURPOSE: The initial response of the pharmacy profession to United States Pharmacopeia (USP) chapter 797 and the current state of hospital pharmacy practice as it relates to implementing this chapter were studied.METHODS: A stratified random sample of 600 hospital pharmacy directors across the nation were surveyed by mail.RESULTS: A total of 251 surveys (41.8%) were returned. Larger hospitals (> or =200 staffed beds) were more likely than smaller hospitals (<200 staffed beds) to have read USP chapter 797 (80.0% versus 45.8%, respectively) and have a copy of the chapter (94.6% versus 78.0%, respectively). Overall, respondents felt that chapter 797 would negatively affect workload and pharmacy's ability to provide sterile preparations in a timely manner. Conversely, respondents replied that the new standard would have a positive effect on the quality of care provided by the hospital. Overall, 45.3% of respondents reported plans to build a clean-room, and 21.7% reported plans to obtain new equipment to comply with chapter 797. Furthermore, 42.3% of respondents had decreased the quantity of high-risk compounding. Respondents also reported that their pharmacy's budget had increased in order to comply with chapter 797. The most common requirements with which respondents were not willing to comply were validating the accuracy of automated compounding devices, sterilizing products and equipment before entering the cleanroom, rotating the type of disinfectants, and prohibiting use of cosmetics by staff.CONCLUSION: USP chapter 797 standards have influenced the compounding practices of hospital pharmacies nationwide, including a decrease in the compounding of high-risk preparations, an increase in budgetary allocations, and implementation of better quality assurance practices. Larger hospitals tended to implement more changes than did smaller hospitals, and there remains room for improvement overall.
|
['Drug Compounding', 'Drug Contamination', 'Pharmacopoeias as Topic', 'Pharmacy Service, Hospital', 'Resource Allocation', 'Sterilization', 'United States']
| 16,809,754
|
[['E05.916.270'], ['N06.850.360'], ['L01.178.682.192.836.749'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.603', 'N02.421.668.556', 'N04.452.442.452.422.603'], ['I01.261.750'], ['N06.850.780.200.450.850'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
The Year Leading to a Supereruption.
|
Supereruptions catastrophically eject 100s-1000s of km3 of magma to the surface in a matter of days to a few months. In this study, we use zoning in quartz crystals from the Bishop Tuff (California) to assess the timescales over which a giant magma body transitions from relatively quiescent, pre-eruptive crystallization to rapid decompression and eruption. Quartz crystals in the Bishop Tuff have distinctive rims (<200 ìm thick), which are Ti-rich and bright in cathodoluminescence (CL) images, and which can be used to calculate Ti diffusional relaxation times. We use synchrotron-based x-ray microfluorescence to obtain quantitative Ti maps and profiles along rim-interior contacts in quartz at resolutions of 1-5 ìm in each linear dimension. We perform CL imaging on a scanning electron microscope (SEM) using a low-energy (5 kV) incident beam to characterize these contacts in high resolution (<1 ìm in linear dimensions). Quartz growth times were determined using a 1D model for Ti diffusion, assuming initial step functions. Minimum quartz growth rates were calculated using these calculated growth times and measured rim thicknesses. Maximum rim growth times span from ~1 min to 35 years, with a median of ~4 days. More than 70% of rim growth times are less than 1 year, showing that quartz rims have mostly grown in the days to months prior to eruption. Minimum growth rates show distinct modes between 10-8 and 10-10 m/s (depending on sample), revealing very fast crystal growth rates (100s of nm to 10s of ìm per day). Our data show that quartz rims grew well within a year of eruption, with most of the growth happening in the weeks or days preceding eruption. Growth took place under conditions of high supersaturation, suggesting that rim growth marks the onset of decompression and the transition from pre-eruptive to syn-eruptive conditions.
|
['Crystallization', 'Diffusion', 'Electrons', 'Geological Phenomena', 'Luminescent Measurements', 'Quartz', 'Time Factors', 'Titanium']
| 27,438,605
|
[['E05.196.300', 'G02.171'], ['G01.202', 'G02.196'], ['G01.249.335', 'G01.358.500.750'], ['G01.311'], ['E05.196.712.516'], ['D01.578.750.600', 'D01.650.550.825.600', 'D01.837.725.600'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D01.268.557.800', 'D01.268.956.878', 'D01.552.547.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
|
Aims: The aim of this review was to assess the effect of concomitant surgical atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation on postoperative freedom from AF and patient-important outcomes.Methods and results: We searched Cochrane CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases from inception to May 2016 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating surgical AF ablation using any lesion set vs. no surgical AF ablation in adults with AF undergoing cardiac surgery. We performed screening, risk-of-bias evaluation, and data collection independently and in duplicate. We evaluated risk of bias with the modified Cochrane tool, quality of evidence using GRADE framework, and pooled data with a random-effects model. Of the 23 included studies, only one was considered at low risk of bias. Surgical AF ablation was associated with more freedom from AF at 12 months [relative risk (RR) = 2.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.92-2.80; P < 0.001, low quality]. However, no significant difference was seen in mortality (RR = 1.07, 95% CI 0.72-1.52; P = 0.41, moderate quality), stroke (RR = 1.19, 95% CI 0.59-2.39; P = 0.63, moderate quality), or pacemaker implantation (RR = 1.28, 95% CI 0.85-1.95; P = 0.24, high quality). Comparing biatrial and left-sided lesion sets showed no difference in mortality (P-interaction = 0.60) or stroke (P-interaction = 0.12). At 12 months, biatrial procedures led to more freedom from AF (RR = 2.80, 95% CI 2.13-3.68; P < 0.0001) when compared with left-sided ablation (RR = 2.00, 95% CI 1.68-2.39; P < 0.0001) (P-interaction = 0.04) Biatrial procedures appear to increase the risk for pacemaker (RR = 2.68, 95% CI 1.41-5.11; P = 0.002) compared with no ablation while left-sided ablation does not (RR = 1.08, 95% CI 0.67-1.74; P = 0.76) (P-interaction = 0.03).Conclusion: Surgical AF ablation during cardiac surgery improves freedom from AF. However, impact on patient-important outcomes including mortality and stroke has not shown statistical significance in current RCT evidence. Biatrial compared with left-sided lesion sets showed no difference in mortality or stroke but were associated with significantly increased freedom from AF and risk for pacemaker requirement.
|
['Atrial Fibrillation', 'Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Catheter Ablation', 'Cryosurgery', 'Humans', 'Microwaves', 'Mortality', 'Pacemaker, Artificial', 'Prosthesis Implantation', 'Radiofrequency Ablation', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'Stroke', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 29,186,407
|
[['C14.280.067.198', 'C23.550.073.198'], ['E04.100.376', 'E04.928.220'], ['E02.808.750.500', 'E04.014.760.500'], ['E04.014.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.358.500.505.810.500', 'G01.750.250.810.500', 'G01.750.770.721.500'], ['E05.318.308.985.550', 'N01.224.935.698', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550'], ['E07.305.250.750'], ['E04.650'], ['E02.808.750', 'E04.014.760'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Solubility and thermodynamic function of vanillin in ten different environmentally benign solvents.
|
The solubility of vanillin in ten different environmentally benign solvents namely water, ethanol, ethylene glycol (EG), ethyl acetate (EA), isopropanol (IPA), propylene glycol (PG), polyethylene glycol-400 (PEG-400), Transcutol, butanol-1 and butanol-2 was measured and correlated at T=(298-318)K. The resulting experimental data were correlated with the modified Apelblat and Van't Hoff models. Both the models showed good correlation of experimental solubility data with calculated ones with root mean square deviations in the range of (0.08-1.55)%. The mole fraction solubility of vanillin was observed highest in PEG-400 (4.29 ? 10(-1) at 298 K) followed by Transcutol, EA, butanol-2, ethanol, EG, PG, IPA, butanol-1 and water from T=(298-318)K. The results of thermodynamic function in terms of dissolution enthalpy, Gibbs energy and dissolution entropy showed endothermic, spontaneous and entropy-driven dissolution of vanillin in all environmentally benign solvents.
|
['Benzaldehydes', 'Solubility', 'Solvents', 'Thermodynamics']
| 25,766,824
|
[['D02.047.222'], ['G02.805'], ['D27.720.844'], ['G01.906']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Retroperitoneal follicular dendritic cell sarcoma in a young woman: Diagnosis and treatment challenges.
|
INTRODUCTION: Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) is an uncommon tumor that usually arises in lymph nodes, especially in the cervical, mediastinal, or axillary areas, but rarely in extranodal sites. Few cases have been reported in English literature so far. The scarcity may be partially due to under-recognition of this entity. Through this case report we analyzed the difficulties of clinical and pathological diagnosis of this rare tumor with its unusual location mistaken it with gynecological cancer's iliac lymph nodes metastases. We also discussed its systemic treatment options.CASE REPORT: A 48-year-old woman presented with a loss of weight and epigastralgia. Computed tomography (CT) showed a mass of 5cm of diameter, located close to iliac vessels. Investigation for gynecologic cancers was negative and a partial tumor resection was performed. Pathological examination readdressed the diagnosis of FDCS. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of a proliferation of spindle to ovoid cells arranged in fascicles, whorls and storiform pattern, accompanied by sprinkling of small lymphocytes. The nuclei of the tumor cells were elongated spindled or ovoid shape with vesicular chromatin and distinct small nuclei. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for CD21, CD23 but negative for any type of cytokeratin. Even pathological diagnosis was misleading, therapeutic management was more challenging with this unusual location particularly associated with an aggressive clinical course. Two lines of chemotherapy gave different responses.CONCLUSION: Clinical and pathological diagnosis of retroperitoneal FDCS needs vigilance. Both lymphoma and sarcoma chemotherapy regimens are effective. Due to this pathology's rareness we highlighted a lack of treatment consensus and proposed options.
|
['Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Chemotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Follicular', 'Diagnostic Errors', 'Female', 'Genital Neoplasms, Female', 'Humans', 'Ilium', 'Lymph Node Excision', 'Lymph Nodes', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Middle Aged', 'Retroperitoneal Neoplasms', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 29,395,417
|
[['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['E02.186.170', 'E02.319.170'], ['C04.557.227.190', 'C15.604.250.390.190'], ['E01.354', 'N02.421.450.280'], ['C04.588.945.418', 'C13.351.937.418'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.043.825.434'], ['E04.446'], ['A10.549.400', 'A15.382.520.604.412'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.033.731'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Isolation and identification of testosterone and androstenedione in the fungus Cochliobolus lunatus.
|
The cytosol of the filamentous fungus Cochliobolus lunatus was found to contain binding proteins for testosterone and androst-4-ene-3,17-dione. Both of these steroids were also found to be good exogenous substrates for the constitutive 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, also found in this fungus. We were looking for the possible endogenous substrate. The procedures for isolation and identification of the endogenous steroid molecules in the fungus C. lunatus are described in this paper. The lipids were extracted from the cells and from the growth medium and purified by column and thin-layer chromatography. Analysis of the steroids, isolated from the cells of C. lunatus by gas chromatography and combination of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, revealed the presence of testosterone and androst-4-ene-3,17-dione. Their structures were confirmed by comparison with the standards on the basis of chromatographic behavior and mass spectra. No such structures were found in the growth medium. Endogenous synthesis of androgens in this fungus was independently confirmed by the detection of radioactively labeled testosterone when the growing cells of C. lunatus were labeled with radioactive precursor molecule [5-3H] mevalonate.
|
['Androstenedione', 'Ascomycota', 'Chromatography, Thin Layer', 'Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry', 'Testosterone']
| 7,940,613
|
[['D04.210.500.054.079.329', 'D04.210.500.578.502.112', 'D06.472.040.502.112', 'D06.472.334.851.968.875'], ['B01.300.107'], ['E05.196.181.400.537'], ['E05.196.181.349.500', 'E05.196.566.500'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.429.824', 'D06.472.334.851.968.984']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Association between exposure to alkylbenzenes and cardiovascular disease among National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) participants.
|
Numerous studies have demonstrated that air pollution is associated with an increased risk of mortality and morbidity due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Alkylbenzenes are ubiquitous in outdoor and indoor air environments. Yet few studies have evaluated the potential links between exposures to alkylbenzenes and CVD independent of tobacco smoking. In this study, we used the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to examine the relationship between alkylbenzenes (toluene, styrene, ethylbenzene, and the xylenes) and CVD prevalence. All five alkylbenzenes suggested linear trends. Subjects in higher exposure categories of blood alkylbenzenes had higher prevalence of CVD, as compared to subjects in the reference group, of below the limit of detection (LOD) and less than the 50th percentile in the case of toluene and styrene. For the remainder of the alkylbenzes, similar statistically significant associations were observed. Further studies are needed to explore associations between these highly prevalent pollutants and CVD.
|
['Adult', 'Benzyl Compounds', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nutrition Surveys', 'Odds Ratio', 'Young Adult']
| 19,886,349
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.140'], ['C14'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.980.485', 'N05.715.360.300.800.469', 'N06.850.505.616', 'N06.850.520.308.980.469'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Induction of fatty acid synthetase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase by isolated rat liver cells.
|
Current studies on the synthesis of long-chain fatty acids by isolated rat liver cells are largely concerned with the regulation of the activity of previously existing acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthetase, and with the regulation of the quantity of these enzymes. These studies have required the development of methods for obtaining high yields of viable hepatocytes that respond to hormonal treatment. Such methods have been developed over the past 10-15 years through the efforts of several laboratories. These studies have also required the development of a method to determine whether a change in the activity of an enzyme is due to a modification of preexisting enzyme or to a change in quantity of that enzyme. The most satisfactory method to use for such studies is immunotitration of enzyme activity. In recent years studies on the regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase have largely centered upon the effect of phosphorylation-dephosphorylation on the activity of this enzyme and whether glucagon inhibits the activity of this enzyme through this process. Much data from a number of laboratories have suggested that glucagon regulates the activity of this enzyme through phosphorylation-dephosphorylation. However, several of these studies involved the use of crude systems in which competing enzymes and substrates that can significantly interfere with acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity measurements were still present. Hence, a confirmation of these studies needs to be carried out under conditions in which the effects of competing enzymes and substrates are eliminated. Studies on changes in quantity of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthetase have shown that these enzymes are induced by the fasting and refeeding of animals. They have also shown that insulin stimulates (10- to 30-fold) the induction of these enzymes. This induction appears to be due to a change in the quantity of translatable mRNA which may, in turn, be due to a change in the rate of transcription of the genes coding for these enzymes.
|
['Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase', 'Animals', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'Enzyme Induction', 'Fatty Acid Synthases', 'Insulin', 'Kinetics', 'Ligases', 'Liver', 'Perfusion', 'Rats']
| 6,137,762
|
[['D08.811.464.257.050', 'D08.811.641.249'], ['B01.050'], ['C18.452.394.750.074', 'C19.246.240', 'E05.598.500.374'], ['G05.308.320.200'], ['D08.811.277.352.897.387', 'D08.811.520.241.300.287', 'D08.811.682.047.820.196.500', 'D08.811.913.050.134.029.500', 'D08.811.913.050.170.500'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D08.811.464'], ['A03.620'], ['E05.680'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
IgG and IgM core antibodies and viral replication in hepatitis C virus carriers.
|
We studied IgG and IgM antibodies to hepatitis C virus core protein (anti-HCVcore) in relation to serum virus RNA levels in 71 hepatitis C virus carriers. Viremic levels ranged from 10(4)-10(9) copies/ml and were high in 34 chronic active hepatitis patients compared with 17 asymptomatic carriers and 20 cases of chronic persistent hepatitis (p < 0.01). IgG anti-HCVcore was found in 67/71 (94%), but four asymptomatic carriers with low levels of viremia (10(4)-10(5.5) copies/ml) tested negative. IgM anti-HCVcore was found in patients with high levels of viremia (10(8)-10(9) copies/ml), and one (6%) asymptomatic carrier and nine (26%) chronic active hepatitis patients tested positive. In chronic hepatitis patients, viremic levels were significantly higher in cases positive for IgM anti-HCVcore than in negative ones (p < 0.01). However, no correlation was found between the occurrence of IgM anti-HCVcore and serum aminotransferase levels or the histologic activity index. These findings suggest that although IgG anti-HCVcore is sensitive, low viremic patients can escape this screening, and that the IgM anti-HCVcore is induced in association with high levels of virus replication.
|
['Adult', 'Base Sequence', 'Biomarkers', 'Blood Donors', 'Blood Transfusion', 'Carrier State', 'DNA Primers', 'Female', 'Hepacivirus', 'Hepatitis Antibodies', 'Hepatitis C', 'Hepatitis C Antibodies', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Immunoglobulin M', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'RNA, Viral', 'Reference Values', 'Viremia', 'Virus Replication']
| 7,525,692
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D23.101'], ['M01.898.313'], ['E02.095.135'], ['N06.850.520.169'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['B04.450.380', 'B04.820.578.344.475'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254.450', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254.450', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254.450'], ['C01.221.250.750', 'C01.925.440.440', 'C01.925.782.350.350', 'C06.552.380.705.440'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254.450.510', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254.450.510', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254.450.510'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.574', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.574', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.574'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['E05.978.810'], ['C01.925.937', 'C23.550.470.790.500.900'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The RanBP2/RanGAP1*SUMO1/Ubc9 complex is a multisubunit SUMO E3 ligase.
|
RanBP2/Nup358 is an essential protein with roles in nuclear transport and mitosis, and is one of the few known SUMO E3 ligases. However, why RanBP2 functions in vivo has been unclear: throughout the cell cycle it stably interacts with RanGAP1*SUMO1 and Ubc9, whose binding sites overlap with the E3 ligase region. Here we show that cellular RanBP2 is quantitatively associated with RanGAP1, indicating that complexed rather than free RanBP2 is the relevant E3 ligase. Biochemical reconstitution of the RanBP2/RanGAP1*SUMO1/Ubc9 complex enabled us to characterize its activity on the endogenous substrate Borealin. We find that the complex is a composite E3 ligase rather than an E2-E3 complex, and demonstrate that complex formation induces activation of a catalytic site that shows no activity in free RanBP2. Our findings provide insights into the mechanism of an important E3 ligase, and extend the concept of multisubunit E3 ligases from ubiquitin to the SUMO field.
|
['Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors', 'Cell Cycle Proteins', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'GTPase-Activating Proteins', 'Humans', 'Molecular Chaperones', 'Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins', 'Repressor Proteins', 'SUMO-1 Protein', 'Sumoylation', 'Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes', 'Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases']
| 22,464,730
|
[['D12.776.260.103', 'D12.776.930.125'], ['D12.776.167'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['D12.644.360.325.150', 'D12.776.476.325.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.580'], ['D12.776.157.530.750.625', 'D12.776.543.585.750.625'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['D12.776.947.249.500'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600.925.500', 'G02.111.691.600.775.500', 'G03.734.871.790.600.831.500', 'G05.308.670.600.831.500'], ['D08.811.464.938.500'], ['D08.811.464.938.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparison of shear bond strength of composite, compomer and resin modified glass ionomer in primary and permanent teeth: an in vitro study.
|
The aim of this study was to determine the difference in shear bond strength between Composite, Compomer and Resin modified glass ionomer cement in primary and permanent teeth. Thirty extracted primary molars and thirty premolars were selected and buccal surfaces of all the teeth were made smooth with the help of 300 grit silicon carbide paper. These specimens were then divided into 6 groups. Restorative materials were placed on the buccal surfaces of respective specimens with the help of acrylic template. All the specimens were subjected to thermocycling and shear bond strength was tested under the Honsfield testing machine and results were recorded in megapascals (MPa). The resultant scores were tabulated and statistically analysed. It was observed that in case of primary teeth resin modified glass ionomer exhibited significantly higher shear bond strength as compared to composite and compomer, where as on permanent teeth composite demonstrated a significantly higher shear bond strength than that of the resin modified glass ionomer and compomer, where as compomer gave poor shear bond strength in both primary and permanent teeth.
|
['Bicuspid', 'Compomers', 'Composite Resins', 'Dental Bonding', 'Dental Stress Analysis', 'Dentition, Permanent', 'Glass Ionomer Cements', 'Humans', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Materials Testing', 'Molar', 'Resin Cements', 'Shear Strength', 'Tooth, Deciduous']
| 14,703,213
|
[['A14.549.167.860.150'], ['D05.750.716.822.308.300', 'D25.339.291.150', 'D25.339.816.500.300', 'D25.720.716.822.308.300', 'J01.637.051.339.291.150', 'J01.637.051.339.816.500.300', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.308.300'], ['D05.750.716.822.308', 'D25.339.816.500', 'D25.720.716.822.308', 'J01.637.051.339.816.500', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.308'], ['E06.095'], ['E06.308'], ['A14.549.167.237'], ['D25.339.291.402', 'J01.637.051.339.291.402'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481'], ['E05.570'], ['A14.549.167.860.525'], ['D05.750.716.822.730', 'D25.339.291.750', 'D25.720.716.822.730', 'J01.637.051.339.291.750', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.730'], ['G01.374.820'], ['A14.549.167.860.700']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Miltefosine for visceral leishmaniasis relapse treatment and secondary prophylaxis in HIV-infected patients.
|
Miltefosine is the first effective oral drug against visceral leishmaniasis. However, there are few data about its role against the increasing problem of HIV-associated visceral leishmaniasis. It is necessary to establish a treatment and secondary prophylaxis approach with miltefosine in this population, particularly for those in whom standard treatment was unsuccessful. We report our experience with miltefosine in 5 HIV-infected patients. Miltefosine was used in relapse treatments (50 mg, b.i.d.) in 3 patients and as maintenance therapy (50 mg, 3 times/week) in all of them. Miltefosine was discontinued after full recovery of immune function in 4 patients. The median disease-free period has been 20 months since miltefosine discontinuation. One patient was lost to follow-up. Miltefosine dosage regimens for the treatment of relapses and for maintenance treatment in HIV-infected patients should be established in prospective studies.
|
['Adult', 'Antiprotozoal Agents', 'Chemoprevention', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Leishmaniasis, Visceral', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Phosphorylcholine', 'Secondary Prevention']
| 18,584,541
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.250.100'], ['E02.319.162'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.610.752.300.500.510', 'C01.920.813.510'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.092.877.883.333.700', 'D02.675.276.232.700'], ['E02.897', 'N02.421.726.825', 'N06.850.780.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Anatomy of self-injurious, stereotypic, and aggressive movements: evidence for involuntary explanation.
|
Self-injurious movements, common in persons diagnosed with Tourette syndrome, or mental retardation, are typically difficult to eliminate. The author considers the possibility that certain self-injurious movements are involuntary phenomena. An anatomical analysis of high-frequency movements in a patient with severe head slapping is presented by tracing the muscles and nerves involved. The median nerve innervates muscles that bring the hand/arm to the head and also muscles that control this patient's other frequent movements, viz., pill-rolling, thumb-gouging, wrist-flapping, and pinching the neck or cheek. Other patients underwent similar investigation: one who headbangs, one who hits out repetitively, and one with non-injurious stereotypic movements. An anatomical explanation suggests that certain self-injurious, aggressive, and stereotypic movements are involuntary muscle contractions that reflect abnormal innervation along specific nerves.
|
['Adult', 'Aggression', 'Brain', 'Brain Damage, Chronic', 'Brain Mapping', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intellectual Disability', 'Male', 'Motivation', 'Muscles', 'Peripheral Nerves', 'Seizures', 'Self-Injurious Behavior', 'Spinal Nerves', 'Stereotyped Behavior', 'Tourette Syndrome']
| 1,452,766
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.126.125', 'F01.145.813.045'], ['A08.186.211'], ['C10.228.140.140'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.597.606.360', 'C23.888.592.604.646', 'F01.700.687', 'F03.625.539'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['A08.800.800'], ['C10.597.742', 'C23.888.592.742'], ['F01.145.126.980'], ['A08.800.800.720'], ['F01.145.896'], ['C10.228.140.079.898', 'C10.228.662.825.800', 'C10.574.500.850', 'C16.320.400.820', 'F03.625.992.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Coculture of THP-1 human mononuclear cells with Candida albicans results in pronounced changes in host gene expression.
|
BACKGROUND: The host's first line of defense against bloodstream infection with Candida albicans involves the recognition and clearance of the fungus by neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages. The purpose of the present study was to examine changes in the monocytic cell gene-expression profile in response to C. albicans stimulation.METHODS: RNA was isolated from THP-1 cells 3 h after coculture with live C. albicans SC5314 cells. After hybridization to microarrays, genes differentially expressed by at least 2.0-fold were included in the final data set.RESULTS: As expected, TNFA, IL8, CD83, MIP1A, and MIP1B were among the genes up-regulated. This was confirmed by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Furthermore, RGS1, RGS2, RGS16, DSCR1, GROB, EGR3, FLT4, and TNFAIP6 were also up-regulated in response to C. albicans, whereas CCR2 and NCF2 were among the genes down-regulated in response to C. albicans. Differential expression of selected genes was confirmed at several time points by real-time RT-PCR.CONCLUSIONS: This study defines the gene expression profile of an early response of human mononuclear cells to C. albicans and identifies genes not previously known to be responsive to this pathogen.
|
['Candida albicans', 'Candidiasis', 'Coculture Techniques', 'Cytokines', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Gene Expression', 'Humans', 'Monocytes', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'RNA', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction']
| 16,088,841
|
[['B01.300.107.795.095.326', 'B01.300.381.147.326', 'B01.300.930.176.326'], ['C01.150.703.160'], ['E05.481.500.374'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['G05.297'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['D13.444.735'], ['E05.393.620.500.725']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Continuous Transdermal Delivery of L-DOPA Based on a Self-Assembling Nanomicellar System.
|
PURPOSE: When levodopa (L-DOPA) is administered orally, it is eliminated from the body very quickly resulting in a series of sharp fluctuations in its blood concentrations. These frequent changes in blood levels are considered to be responsible for the development of late motor complications and dyskinesias, which are troubling clinical and treatment issues in Parkinson's disease. Transdermal drug delivery is a patient-compliant method for delivering therapeutics into the systemic circulation in a continuous and controlled manner. Transdermal delivery of L-DOPA can achieve continuous dopaminergic stimulation (CDS), thus reducing motor fluctuations.METHODS: However, there are two technical difficulties in the development of a transdermal patch for L-DOPA: (a) L-DOPA is poorly soluble in most pharmaceutically-acceptable solvents, and (b) L-DOPA has a limited permeability through the skin even from saturated solutions. We have, therefore, investigated the transdermal delivery of L-DOPA using an innovative self-assembling nano-micellar system (SANS), loaded with 2% L-DOPA and 1% carbidopa.RESULTS: In vitro testing as well as in vivo pharmacokinetic studies (multiple-dose regimen) in rabbits have demonstrated for the first time a significantly increased percutaneous permeation and systemic absorption of L-DOPA.CONCLUSIONS: It has therefore been proposed that either a once-daily or a twice-daily regimen could be therapeutically effective depending on the severity of the disease.
|
['Administration, Cutaneous', 'Animals', 'Antiparkinson Agents', 'Carbidopa', 'Drug Carriers', 'Drug Combinations', 'Drug Liberation', 'Levodopa', 'Male', 'Micelles', 'Nanoparticles', 'Permeability', 'Rabbits', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Skin Absorption', 'Surface Properties', 'Swine', 'Transdermal Patch']
| 28,405,912
|
[['E02.319.267.120.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.427.090.050'], ['D02.092.311.200.538.200', 'D02.442.200', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.200.538.200'], ['D26.255.260', 'E02.319.300.380'], ['D26.310'], ['G02.211', 'G03.787.321', 'G07.690.725.321'], ['D02.092.311.200.480', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.200.480', 'D12.125.072.050.685.400.500', 'D12.125.072.050.875.130.500'], ['D05.374', 'D26.255.560'], ['J01.637.512.600'], ['G02.723'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['G03.015.500.750', 'G03.787.024.500.750', 'G07.690.725.015.500.750', 'G13.750.778'], ['G02.860'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['E07.935']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparative study of physico-chemical parameters of drinking water from some longevity and non-longevity areas of China.
|
There is an obvious regional longevity phenomenon in China and many longevity counties are located in South China. This study was carried out to find the characteristics of elemental contents of drinking water in longevity areas in South China and the differences to non-longevity areas in China. A total of 128 drinking water samples were collected from longevity areas in South China (n = 40), non-longevity areas in South China (n = 74) and non-longevity areas in North China (n = 14) and 46 parameters of water were determined or calculated. The results showed that drinking water in longevity areas of South China had a high ratio of sum concentration of essential micro-elements in sum concentration of micro-elements (SCME) and a low ratio of sum concentration of hazardous micro-elements in SCME. The concentration of total hardness (TH) and strontium in drinking water was 157.82 mg/L and 82.1 ìg/L, respectively, and they were 14.61 mg/L, 7.45 ìg/L and 291.69 mg/L, 748.65 ìg/L in the non-longevity areas of South and North China, respectively. The study concluded that drinking water containing 157.82 mg/L TH and 82.1 ìg/L strontium in South China may be optimum to human health.
|
['China', 'Drinking Water', 'Humans', 'Longevity']
| 28,598,350
|
[['Z01.252.474.164'], ['D01.045.250.875.300', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650.300', 'D01.650.550.925.199', 'G07.203.100.418', 'J02.200.418'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G07.345.124.519', 'G07.540']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Southern hybridization analysis of DNA polymorphism in the HLA-D region.
|
Restriction fragment-length polymorphisms (RFLP) were systematically analyzed by Southern hybridization with restriction endonuclease-digested genomic DNA from 28 HLA-homozygous B cell lines with Dw1-Dw19 specificity using the DR beta and DQ beta chain cDNAs as probes. These probes detected polymorphic fragments unique to each HLA-DR specificity. Furthermore, the DQ beta chain probes permitted us to distinguish between different Dw specificities with an identical DR type much more efficiently than with the DR beta chain probe. Distribution analysis of restriction fragments hybridizing to DR beta in relation to the DR and DQ specificities showed several sets of them forming ten clusters, some of which correlate with DRw53, DQw1, and DR alleles. This DNA typing technique allows the direct definition of HLA types at the gene level and provides a powerful tool for isolating genes controlling HLA-associated diseases.
|
['DNA', 'DNA Restriction Enzymes', 'Genes, MHC Class II', 'Genetic Markers', 'HLA-DQ Antigens', 'HLA-DR Antigens', 'Histocompatibility Antigens Class II', 'Histocompatibility Testing', 'Humans', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'Polymorphism, Genetic']
| 3,013,815
|
[['D13.444.308'], ['D08.811.150.280', 'D08.811.277.352.335.350.300', 'D08.811.277.352.355.325.300'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.610.600', 'G05.360.340.024.380.500.600', 'G12.500.500.600'], ['D23.101.387', 'G05.695.450'], ['D12.776.395.550.509.400.430', 'D12.776.543.550.440.400.430', 'D23.050.301.500.400.400.430', 'D23.050.301.500.450.400.430', 'D23.050.705.552.410.400.430', 'D23.050.705.552.450.400.430'], ['D12.776.395.550.509.400.440', 'D12.776.543.550.440.400.440', 'D23.050.301.500.400.400.440', 'D23.050.301.500.450.400.440', 'D23.050.705.552.410.400.440', 'D23.050.705.552.450.400.440'], ['D12.776.395.550.509', 'D12.776.543.550.440', 'D23.050.301.500.400', 'D23.050.705.552.410'], ['E01.370.225.812.385', 'E05.200.812.385', 'E05.478.594.385'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611'], ['G05.365.795']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Plasmodium falciparum: role of activated blood monocytes in erythrocyte membrane damage and red cell loss during malaria.
|
The role of Plasmodium falciparum and blood monocytes in the erythrocyte damage and pathogenesis of anemia has been investigated using two strains of the parasite; one laboratory-established strain (FSJ-M) and one wild, fresh, clinical isolate (PfPGI). Peripheral blood monocyte-induced growth inhibition of the parasites, erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxidation as seen by the formation of lipid peroxide products, and sensitivity to peroxide hemolysis at atmospheric oxygen were evaluated. The growth inhibition of FSJ-M by activated blood monocytes was greater than that of PfPGI. The extent of lipid peroxidation and sensitivity to hemolysis increased significantly as the parasites matured. These adverse effects were more marked following exposure to activated monocytes, especially in synchronized, parasitized RBCs. In addition, uninfected erythrocytes within the PfPGI parasite culture revealed a significant increase in the lipid peroxide formation (P < 0.01) and susceptibility to lysis (P < 0.05) under similar oxidant stress induced by monocytes from normal healthy donors. Furthermore, there was a direct correlation between membrane lipid peroxidation and peroxide hemolysis, both before and after monocyte exposure, suggesting a primary role of membrane peroxidation in red cell lysis. The contribution of intraerythrocytic parasites and nonspecific activation of blood monocytes in the pathophysiology of erythrocyte damage and anemia of P. falciparum infection is discussed.
|
['Adult', 'Anemia', 'Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Erythrocyte Membrane', 'Erythrocytes', 'Hemolysis', 'Humans', 'Lipid Peroxidation', 'Malaria, Falciparum', 'Membrane Lipids', 'Monocytes', 'Plasmodium falciparum', 'Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances']
| 7,821,411
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C15.378.071'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.118.290.270', 'A11.284.149.356', 'A15.145.229.334.270'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['C23.550.403', 'G12.122.545'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.515', 'G03.295.531.587'], ['C01.610.752.530.650', 'C01.920.875.650'], ['D10.570'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['B01.043.075.380.611.561'], ['D02.047.700.700', 'D27.720.470.410.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Epidemiology of migraine headache in Santiago, Chile: a prevalence study.
|
OBJECTIVE: To describe the importance of migraine in Santiago, Chile, by analyzing its prevalence, clinical features and impact by age, gender and socioeconomic status.METHODS: In 1993, a representative sample of 1,540 adults of the province of Santiago were interviewed using a standard questionnaire. A total of 1,385 (89.9%) subjects responded to the survey. Initially, a designated member of each household responded to the questionnaire. Subsequently, each household member with headaches was asked to respond to questions about severity, frequency, location, duration, associated symptoms and impact in work and social activities of their most frequent headaches. Migraine diagnoses were determined in accordance with the International Headache Society (IHS) criteria of 1988.RESULTS: Recurrent headaches in the past year were found in 516 (36.82%) respondents, 145 (28.1%) males and 371 (71.9%) females. Total prevalence of migraine was found to be 7.3% (95% CI 5.9-8.6); 11.9% (95% CI 9.6-14.2) in females and 2.0% (95% CI 0.9-3.0) in males. Overall, migraine constituted 19.6% (101/516) of all headaches reported in this sample. The prevalence did not vary significantly by age groups or socioeconomic status (SES). Migraine with aura had an overall prevalence of 3.5% (CI 0.8-7.1), and was significantly more frequent in females. In 60-70% of cases the attacks lasted 2-6 h and the frequency was 3.3 and 3.4 per month in females and males respectively. Both males and females reported significantly high percentages of attacks during work.CONCLUSIONS: Migraine prevalence in a sample of adults of Santiago is similar to that reported in previous studies using IHS criteria. Women of all socioeconomic levels are at an increased risk.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Chile', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Demography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Migraine Disorders', 'Social Class', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 9,399,008
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.107.757.235'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['I01.240', 'N01.224', 'N06.850.505.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.228.140.546.399.750'], ['I01.880.853.996.755', 'N01.824.782'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Blood antioxidant status and urine sulfate and thiocyanate levels in smokers.
|
Erythrocyte and plasma antioxidant enzyme activities and antioxidants as well as concentrations of total sulfate and thiocyanate were estimated in a group of healthy subjects and three groups of smokers (cigarette smokers, mixed tobacco smokers, and miscellaneous tobacco smokers). Plasma vitamin E, uric acid, ascorbic acid, ceruloplasmin, and urinary total sulfate concentrations were decreased, whereas dehydroascorbate and urinary thiocyanate concentrations were elevated in the three groups of smokers in comparison to the corresponding levels of the control subjects. On the other hand, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase and catalase as well as plasma superoxide dismutase activities were elevated in subjects of the three groups of smokers compared with the corresponding activity in subjects of the control group. Plasma catalase activity is statistically unaffected by smoking, but blood glutathione peroxidase activities were decreased in the three groups of smokers in comparison with the corresponding levels of the control group. There were also statistically meaningful differences between mean values of the antioxidant concentrations and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes in most of the smokers groups.
|
['Adult', 'Antioxidants', 'Ascorbic Acid', 'Catalase', 'Ceruloplasmin', 'Dehydroascorbic Acid', 'Erythrocytes', 'Glutathione Peroxidase', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Smoking', 'Sulfates', 'Superoxide Dismutase', 'Thiocyanates', 'Uric Acid', 'Vitamin E']
| 9,029,272
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D02.241.081.844.107', 'D02.241.511.902.107', 'D09.811.100'], ['D08.811.682.732.332'], ['D08.811.682.226', 'D12.776.124.050.130', 'D12.776.124.790.106.214', 'D12.776.157.160', 'D12.776.377.715.085.214', 'D12.776.556.151'], ['D02.241.081.844.107.260', 'D02.241.511.902.107.260', 'D02.540.260', 'D09.811.100.260'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['D08.811.682.732.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.805'], ['D01.248.497.158.845', 'D01.875.800.800.850'], ['D08.811.682.881'], ['D02.262.775', 'D02.886.728'], ['D03.132.960.877', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.877'], ['D03.383.663.283.909', 'D03.633.100.150.909']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[A patient with type ZZ alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency and hypercalcemia caused by sarcoidosis].
|
The history of illness of an eight-year-old boy is presented. Fifteen days old he had been hospitalized because of vomiting, diarrhoea and prolonged jaundice. Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency (genotype PiZZ) was diagnosed. At the age of nearly eight complaints started, such as headache, apathy, nausea and vomiting. Sarcoidosis was diagnosed on account of hypercalcemia (3.48-3.68 mmol/l), an elevated serum angiotensin converting enzyme (60 U/l), a positive Kveim test and the fact that other diseases could be excluded. The prognosis of a combination of a serious alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency and sarcoidosis is discussed. This combination, as far as we have been able to trace, has not been described before.
|
['Child', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Hypercalcemia', 'Male', 'Prednisone', 'Sarcoidosis', 'alpha 1-Antitrypsin', 'alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency']
| 3,490,014
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.174.451', 'C18.452.950.340'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.719.702'], ['C15.604.515.827'], ['D12.644.861.035', 'D12.776.124.050.070', 'D12.776.124.790.106.085', 'D12.776.377.715.085.085', 'D12.776.395.068', 'D12.776.872.035'], ['C06.552.074', 'C08.381.112', 'C16.320.060', 'C23.550.325.500.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Cross-habitat effects shape the ecosystem consequences of co-invasion by a pelagic and a benthic consumer.
|
Invasive species can have major impacts on ecosystems, yet little work has addressed the combined effects of multiple invaders that exploit different habitats. Two common invaders in aquatic systems are pelagic fishes and crayfishes. Pelagic-oriented fish effects are typically strong on the pelagic food web, whereas crayfish effects are strong on the benthic food web. Thus, co-invasion may generate strong ecological responses in both habitats. We tested the effects of co-invasion on experimental pond ecosystems using two widespread invasive species, one pelagic (western mosquitofish) and one benthic (red swamp crayfish). As expected, mosquitofish had strong effects on the pelagic food web, reducing the abundance of Daphnia and causing a strong trophic cascade (increase in phytoplankton). Crayfish had strong effects on the benthic food web, reducing the abundance of benthic filamentous algae. Yet, we also found evidence for important cross-habitat effects. Mosquitofish treatments reduced the biomass of benthic filamentous algae, and crayfish treatments increased Daphnia and phytoplankton abundance. Combined effects of mosquitofish and crayfish were primarily positively or negatively additive, and completely offsetting for some responses, including gross primary production (GPP). Though co-invasion did not affect GPP, it strongly shifted primary production from the benthos into the water column. Effects on snail abundance revealed an interaction; snail abundance decreased only in the presence of both invaders. These results suggest that cross-habitat effects of co-invaders may lead to a variety of ecological outcomes; some of which may be unpredictable based on an understanding of each invader alone.
|
['Animals', 'Astacoidea', 'Ecology', 'Ecosystem', 'Food Chain', 'Introduced Species']
| 27,245,344
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.365.190.070'], ['H01.158.273.248', 'H01.277.249'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['G16.500.275.157.250', 'N06.230.124.250'], ['B01.050.050.580', 'G16.500.275.157.049.400', 'N06.230.124.049.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Prognostic significance of the DNA content in renal cell carcinoma.
|
The DNA content in renal cell carcinoma as an indicator of prognosis was studied retrospectively in 55 patients without distant metastases at operation. Two groups of patients were selected, differing with respect to survival. Thirty-three patients survived for at least 10 years and 22 succumbed to the disease within four years. DNA measurements in morphologically identified tumor cells were performed in histological sections by single cell cytophotometry. The tumor cells of the surviving patients had a DNA content comparable to that of normal cells. A diploid/near diploid DNA content was the dominant feature in 32 of these 33 tumors. The remaining patient had a tumor with a tetraploid/near tetraploid DNA value. In contrast, all tumors from the non-surviving patients had abnormally increased DNA content, indicating a high degree of aneuploidy in these tumors. The results suggest that DNA content may be superior to other clinical and microscopical parameters as a prognostic indicator.
|
['Aged', 'Carcinoma, Renal Cell', 'DNA, Neoplasm', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Humans', 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Ploidies', 'Prognosis', 'Time Factors']
| 3,944,883
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.390', 'C04.588.945.947.535.160', 'C12.758.820.750.160', 'C12.777.419.473.160', 'C13.351.937.820.535.160', 'C13.351.968.419.473.160'], ['D13.444.308.425'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.945.947.535', 'C12.758.820.750', 'C12.777.419.473', 'C13.351.937.820.535', 'C13.351.968.419.473'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['E01.789.625'], ['G05.700'], ['E01.789'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Histogenesis and Morphology of periosteal sarcomas induced by FBJ virus in NIH Swiss mice.
|
FBJ virus was injected i.p. into 145 neonatal NIH Swiss [N:NIH(s)] mice. Eighty mice developed a total of 110 neoplasms by 5 months of age. The mean latent period of the tumors was 71 days (26 to 145) postinjection. The frequency of occurrence of neoplasms at different sites was: diaphragm, 45%; ribs, 14%; vertebrae, 14%; femora, 9%; pelvic bones, 5%; tibiae, 4%; sternebrae, 3%; and inguinal area, 7%. The neoplasms were characterized histologically by elongated or rounded cells associated with an abundant connective tissue stroma. Occasional areas of bone formation and apparent osteoid metaplasia were seen. Bone tumors appeared to arise from periosteal cells, to grow by expansion, and to invade locally, but they failed to metastasize. Neoplasms of the diaphragm originated in the central aponeurosis and appeared histologically similar to bone neoplasms. Histochemical studies demonstrated abundant alkaline phosphatase in tumor cells, and ultrastructural observations revealed subcellular characteristics of osteoblasts and chondroblasts. Tumors were readily transplantable and had histopathological characteristics similar to those of the primary viral-induced tumors. The results of this study indicate that the FBJ virus induces in NIH Swiss mice a unique type of chondroosseous neoplasm derived from periosteal cells which has a resemblance to human juxtacortical (parosteal) osteosarcoma.
|
['Alkaline Phosphatase', 'Animals', 'Bone Neoplasms', 'Cell Transformation, Neoplastic', 'Female', 'Fibrosarcoma', 'Gammaretrovirus', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Muscles', 'Neoplasm Transplantation', 'Sarcoma Viruses, Murine', 'Sarcoma, Experimental', 'Transplantation, Homologous']
| 184,921
|
[['D08.811.277.352.650.035'], ['B01.050'], ['C04.588.149', 'C05.116.231'], ['C04.697.098.500', 'C23.550.727.098.500'], ['C04.557.450.565.590.350', 'C04.557.450.795.350'], ['B04.613.807.375', 'B04.820.650.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['E05.624'], ['B04.265.600', 'B04.613.807.375.860', 'B04.820.650.375.860'], ['C04.557.450.795.830', 'C04.619.857', 'E05.598.500.496.968'], ['E04.936.864']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Engaging a Community Chaplaincy Resource for Interprofessional Health Care Provider Training in Facilitating Family Decision Making for Children at End-of-Life.
|
Coordinating the care of terminally ill children is difficult for both parents and the health care team. An underutilized resource is spiritual care, such as that provided by Pacific Health Ministry, a community-based nonprofit established to develop hospital ministry training programs in Hawai'i and provide chaplaincy services to local facilities. This paper describes a training exercise, called the Pediatric Interprofessional Program (PIPP), which is modeled after an adult program, the Hawai'i Interprofessional Training for End of Life Communication in the intensive care unit (HITEC-ICU). Both programs were developed to introduce teams of learners consisting of Pacific Health Ministry spiritual care residents, internal medicine or pediatric residents, undergraduate students in nursing, and graduate students in social work to techniques in delivering serious, life-altering information, and the dynamics of working as an interprofessional team through use of progressively unfolding clinical simulations. PIPP facilitators included chaplaincy instructors at Pacific Health Ministry, university faculty, and community practitioners in pediatrics, nursing, and social work. The simulations were conducted at the Translational Health Science Simulation Center (THSSC) of the University of Hawai'i at M?noa (UHM) School of Nursing and Dental Hygiene (SONDH), with simulated patients from the HealthCAST (Collaborative Acting Simulation Training) program, a collaborative agreement between SONDH and the UHM Department of Theatre and Dance. The training is ongoing, but has thus far demonstrated that interprofessional education programs are feasible across community, academic, and clinical lines, and benefit from the engagement of community resources.
|
['Clergy', 'Curriculum', 'Decision Making, Shared', 'Faculty', 'Health Personnel', 'Health Resources', 'Humans', 'Pediatrics', 'Simulation Training', 'Terminal Care']
| 31,285,967
|
[['M01.526.799.500'], ['I02.158'], ['F02.463.785.810.250', 'I03.743.500'], ['M01.526.702.250'], ['M01.526.485', 'N02.360'], ['N03.349.340', 'N05.300.420'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.403.670'], ['I02.903.847'], ['E02.760.905', 'N02.421.585.905']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A role for hydrogen bonding in DNA recognition by the non-classical CCHHC type zinc finger, NZF-1.
|
The non-classical zinc finger protein, Neural Zinc Finger Factor-1, contains six Cys2His2Cys domains. All three cysteines and the second histidine directly bind Zn(II). Using a combination of mutagenesis, metal coordination and DNA binding studies, we report that the first histidine is involved in a functionally important hydrogen bonding interaction.
|
['Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'Cysteine', 'DNA', 'Histidine', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen Bonding', 'Models, Molecular', 'Mutation', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Transcription Factors', 'Zinc Fingers']
| 24,820,620
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D02.886.030.230', 'D02.886.489.155', 'D12.125.154.299', 'D12.125.166.230'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D12.125.072.329', 'D12.125.142.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.282'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D12.776.631'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500.985']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Novel formulations of cetrorelix acetate in healthy men: pharmacodynamic effects and noncompartmental pharmacokinetics.
|
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects on the pharmacodynamics and noncompartmental pharmacokinetics after weekly subcutaneous administration of novel formulations of cetrorelix acetate in healthy men. In a randomized parallel-group study, single subcutaneous doses of cetrorelix acetate (concentration: 2.5 mg peptide base/ml) dissolved in aqueous gluconic acid (CET/glu, dose: 5 or 10 mg peptide base) or in water (CET/wat, dose: 10 mg peptide base) were given to 36 subjects once weekly in the morning for 4 weeks. Cetrorelix plasma, serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone, andfollicle-stimulating hormone concentrations were monitored after each administration for 1 week, with extensive profiling after the first and fourth administration. Cetrorelix plasma concentrations were analyzed by radioimmunoassay and serum hormone concentrations by enzyme immunoassays. At least half-maximum testosterone suppression started with all treatments within less than 1 day. Deepest and longest testosterone suppression was achieved by 10 mg CET/glu. Duration of atleasthalf-maximum suppression was after the first dose median of 82 hours and after the fourth dose median of 122 hours, respectively. Substantial suppression was also evidentfor luteinizing hormone (LH) and, to a lesser extent, forfollicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). On average, Cmax was nearly doubled after single and multiple doses, and AUC(tau) was increased by about 50% after single doses and about 30% after multiple doses of 10 mg CET/glu as compared to 10 mg CET/wat. For tmax and t1/2, no significant differences were found between formulations. It was concluded that testosterone suppression increased with weekly subcutaneous administrations of 10 mg CET/glu. Compared to CET/wat, bioavailability and duration of suppression were increased with CET/glu.
|
['Adult', 'Area Under Curve', 'Biological Availability', 'Follicle Stimulating Hormone', 'Gluconates', 'Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone', 'Half-Life', 'Hormone Antagonists', 'Humans', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Male', 'Radioimmunoassay', 'Testosterone']
| 12,211,225
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.740.200', 'G03.787.101', 'G07.690.725.064', 'N06.850.520.830.200'], ['G03.787.151', 'G07.690.725.129'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.288', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.288', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.288'], ['D02.241.081.844.322', 'D02.241.511.902.322', 'D09.811.308'], ['D06.472.699.327.740.320', 'D12.644.400.400.740.320', 'D12.644.456.460', 'D12.644.548.365.740.320', 'D12.776.631.650.405.740.320'], ['G01.910.405'], ['D06.347', 'D27.505.696.399.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['E01.370.384.700', 'E05.478.566.639', 'E05.601.470.639'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.429.824', 'D06.472.334.851.968.984']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
MEASUREMENT OF RADIATION DOSES TO THE EYE LENS DURING ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY USING AN C-ARM X-RAY SYSTEM.
|
The present study aimed to determine doses delivered to the eye lenses of surgeons while using the inverted-C-arm technique and the protective effect of leaded spectacles during orthopedic surgery. The kerma in air was measured at five positions on leaded glasses positioned near the eye lens and on the neck using small optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosemeters. The lens equivalent dose was also measured at the neck using an OSL dosemeter. The maximum equivalent dose to the eye lens and the maximum kerma were 0.8 mSv/month and 0.66 mGy/month, respectively. The leaded glasses reduced the exposure by ~60%. Even if the surgeons are exposed to the maximum dose of X-ray radiation for 5 years, the equivalent doses to the eye lens will not exceed the present limit recommended by the ICRP.
|
['Fluoroscopy', 'Humans', 'Japan', 'Lens, Crystalline', 'Occupational Exposure', 'Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dosimetry', 'Orthopedics', 'Radiation Dosage', 'Radiation Protection']
| 29,136,218
|
[['E01.370.350.700.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['A09.371.060.500'], ['N06.850.460.350.600'], ['E05.799.638.602', 'N06.850.810.370.365'], ['H02.403.810.494'], ['E05.799.513', 'G01.750.740', 'N06.850.810.250'], ['N06.850.810.425']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Investigation of rat bone fracture healing using pulsed 1.5 MHz, 30 mW/cm(2) burst ultrasound--axial distance dependency.
|
This study investigated the effect of LIPUS on fracture healing when fractures were exposed to ultrasound at three axial distances: z=0 mm, 60 mm, and 130 mm. We applied LIPUS to rat fracture at these three axial distances mimicking the exposure condition of human fractures at different depths under the soft tissue. Measurement of LIPUS shows pressure variations in near field (nearby transducer); uniform profile was found beyond it (far field). We asked whether different positions of the fracture within the ultrasound field cause inconsistent biological effect during the healing process. Closed femoral fractured Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into control, near-field (0mm), mid-near field (60 mm) or far-field (130 mm) groups. Daily LIPUS treatment (plane, but apodized source, see details in the text; 2.2 cm in diameter; 1.5 MHz sine waves repeating at 1 kHz PRF; spatial average temporal average intensity, ISATA=30 mW/cm(2)) was given to fracture site at the three axial distances. Weekly radiographs and endpoint microCT, histomorphometry, and mechanical tests were performed. The results showed that the 130 mm group had the highest tissue mineral density; and significantly higher mechanical properties than control at week 4. The 60 mm and 0 mm groups had significantly higher (i.e. p<0.05) woven bone percentage than control group in radiological, microCT and histomorphometry measurements. In general, LIPUS at far field augmented callus mineralization and mechanical properties; while near field and mid-near field enhanced woven bone formation. Our results indicated the therapeutic effect of LIPUS is dependent on the axial distance of the ultrasound beam. Therefore, the depth of fracture under the soft tissue affects the biological effect of LIPUS. Clinicians have to be aware of the fracture depth when LIPUS is applied transcutaneously.
|
['Animals', 'Female', 'Femoral Fractures', 'Femur', 'Fracture Healing', 'High-Energy Shock Waves', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Ultrasonic Therapy', 'Ultrasonography']
| 24,239,510
|
[['B01.050'], ['C26.404.061', 'C26.558.276'], ['A02.835.232.043.150'], ['G16.762.891.500'], ['G01.750.770.776.891.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E02.565.280.945'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Biomimetic Hybridization of Kevlar into Silk Fibroin: Nanofibrous Strategy for Improved Mechanic Properties of Flexible Composites and Filtration Membranes.
|
Silk, one of the strongest natural biopolymers, was hybridized with Kevlar, one of the strongest synthetic polymers, through a biomimetic nanofibrous strategy. Regenerated silk materials have outstanding properties in transparency, biocompatibility, biodegradability and sustainability, and promising applications as diverse as in pharmaceutics, electronics, photonic devices and membranes. To compete with super mechanic properties of their natural counterpart, regenerated silk materials have been hybridized with inorganic fillers such as graphene and carbon nanotubes, but frequently lose essential mechanic flexibility. Inspired by the nanofibrous strategy of natural biomaterials (e.g., silk fibers, hemp and byssal threads of mussels) for fantastic mechanic properties, Kevlar was integrated in regenerated silk materials by combining nanometric fibrillation with proper hydrothermal treatments. The resultant hybrid films showed an ultimate stress and Young's modulus two times as high as those of pure regenerated SF films. This is not only because of the reinforcing effect of Kevlar nanofibrils, but also because of the increasing content of silk â-sheets. When introducing Kevlar nanofibrils into the membranes of silk nanofibrils assembled by regenerated silk fibroin, the improved mechanic properties further enabled potential applications as pressure-driven nanofiltration membranes and flexible substrates of electronic devices.
|
['Animals', 'Biomimetics', 'Bombyx', 'Fibroins', 'Microscopy, Electron, Transmission', 'Nanofibers', 'Nanotubes, Carbon', 'Silk']
| 28,723,068
|
[['B01.050'], ['H01.158.550.100', 'J01.897.120.100'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.937.650.100'], ['D05.750.078.875.500', 'D12.776.093.750.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.580', 'E05.595.402.580'], ['J01.637.512.300'], ['D01.268.150.250.500', 'J01.637.512.850.500'], ['D05.750.078.875', 'D12.776.093.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Self-rated health and endogenous selection into primary care.
|
This study assesses the causal effects of primary care utilization on subjective health status in Turkey using individual-level data from the 2012 Health Research Survey. Employing recursive bivariate ordered models that take into account the possibility that selection into healthcare might be correlated with the respondent's self-reported health status, we find that selection into primary care is endogenously determined and that the utilization of primary care significantly improves self-rated health after controlling for sociodemographics, socioeconomic status, health behaviors and risk factors, and access to healthcare. We show that the causal association between healthcare utilization and health status is robust to the use of objective measures of health and specific types of care, suggesting that the use of a single-item question on self-rated health and binary measures of preventive care utilization is valid.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Diagnostic Self Evaluation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pregnancy', 'Primary Health Care', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Turkey', 'Young Adult']
| 29,247,899
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.360', 'F01.752.747.792.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['N04.590.233.727'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['Z01.252.245.500.850'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Efficacy of texture, shape, and intensity feature fusion for posterior-fossa tumor segmentation in MRI.
|
Our previous works suggest that fractal texture feature is useful to detect pediatric brain tumor in multimodal MRI. In this study, we systematically investigate efficacy of using several different image features such as intensity, fractal texture, and level-set shape in segmentation of posterior-fossa (PF) tumor for pediatric patients. We explore effectiveness of using four different feature selection and three different segmentation techniques, respectively, to discriminate tumor regions from normal tissue in multimodal brain MRI. We further study the selective fusion of these features for improved PF tumor segmentation. Our result suggests that Kullback-Leibler divergence measure for feature ranking and selection and the expectation maximization algorithm for feature fusion and tumor segmentation offer the best results for the patient data in this study. We show that for T1 and fluid attenuation inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI modalities, the best PF tumor segmentation is obtained using the texture feature such as multifractional Brownian motion (mBm) while that for T2 MRI is obtained by fusing level-set shape with intensity features. In multimodality fused MRI (T1, T2, and FLAIR), mBm feature offers the best PF tumor segmentation performance. We use different similarity metrics to evaluate quality and robustness of these selected features for PF tumor segmentation in MRI for ten pediatric patients.
|
['Algorithms', 'Brain', 'Child', 'Fractals', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Infratentorial Neoplasms', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Principal Component Analysis']
| 21,216,716
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.599.125', 'G17.290'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['C04.588.614.250.195.411', 'C10.228.140.211.500', 'C10.551.240.250.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E05.318.740.562']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Iatrogenic tracheal rupture: a case report and indications for conservative management].
|
Tracheal rupture after endotracheal intubation requires immediate intervention. There have been an increasing number of reports that describe nonsurgical management of this issue. We report the case of a 47-year-old woman who experienced an iatrogenic tracheal rupture during endotracheal intubation for a surgical procedure with general anaesthesia. She was successfully managed conservatively with a broad-spectrum antibiotic. We managed it non-operatively, because the patient had a small tear, was hemodynamically stable, show no evidence of infection or respiratory failure, and the diagnosis was not immediate. Bronchoscopy was a good diagnostic tool and it was used to make decisions regarding conservative management, and to detect granulation tissue and rule out any tracheal stenosis after treatment. We review available literature on conservative management of tracheal rupture. Immediate recognition and adequate treatment are very important in managing this potentially fatal situation. The final decision should be based on clinical, radiologic and bronchoscopic findings.
|
['Algorithms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Iatrogenic Disease', 'Intubation, Intratracheal', 'Middle Aged', 'Rupture', 'Trachea']
| 16,669,134
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.291.875'], ['E02.041.500', 'E02.585.578', 'E05.497.578'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C26.761'], ['A04.889']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Towards the identification of reliable sperm biomarkers for male infertility: A sperm proteomic approach.
|
Male infertility evaluation is mainly based on semen analysis. Thus, identification of additional diagnostic methods is valuable. The aim of this study was to analyse the sperm proteome of infertile men to identify the underlying mechanisms and reliable diagnostic biomarkers. This cross-sectional study consisted of 16 infertile men and seven proven fertile men. An LC-MS/MS approach was performed in five pooled samples of each group (proven fertile men, primary infertility and secondary infertility). Differentially expressed proteins were used for functional enrichment analyses, and the most central proteins involved in altered functions in both infertile groups and the testis-specific proteins were validated using Western blotting and immunocytochemistry. In total, 1,305 sperm proteins were identified, of which 102 were underexpressed and 15 were overexpressed proteins in both infertile groups. Underexpressed proteins were mostly related to protein post-translational modification and folding, especially BAG6, HSPA2 and SPA17. Validation analysis revealed an underexpression of BAG6 in infertile men, whereas HSPA2 and SPA17 expressions did not differ between the groups. No differences were observed in the sperm localisation of these proteins. An overexpression of HIST1H2BA-a testis-specific protein-was observed in both proteomic approaches. Therefore, BAG6 and HIST1H2BA are potential candidates for male infertility biomarkers.
|
['Adult', 'Biomarkers', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Humans', 'Infertility, Male', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Proteomics', 'Spermatozoa', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry', 'Young Adult']
| 29,205,438
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D23.101'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.294.365.700'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['H01.158.201.843', 'H01.158.273.180.350.700', 'H01.158.273.343.350.700', 'H01.181.122.738'], ['A05.360.490.890', 'A11.497.760'], ['E05.196.566.880'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Adding thin-ideal internalization and impulsiveness to the cognitive-behavioral model of bulimic symptoms.
|
This study evaluated the cognitive-behavioral (CB) model of bulimia nervosa and an extension that included two additional maintaining factors - thin-ideal internalization and impulsiveness - in 327 undergraduate women. Participants completed measures of demographics, self-esteem, concern about shape and weight, dieting, bulimic symptoms, thin-ideal internalization, and impulsiveness. Both the original CB model and the extended model provided good fits to the data. Although structural equation modeling analyses suggested that the original CB model was most parsimonious, hierarchical regression analyses indicated that the additional variables accounted for significantly more variance. Additional analyses showed that the model fit could be improved by adding a path from concern about shape and weight, and deleting the path from dieting, to bulimic symptoms. Expanding upon the factors considered in the model may better capture the scope of variables maintaining bulimic symptoms in young women with a range of severity of bulimic symptoms.
|
['Body Image', 'Body Weight', 'Bulimia', 'Bulimia Nervosa', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Impulsive Behavior', 'Models, Psychological', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Self Concept', 'Thinness', 'Young Adult']
| 22,664,400
|
[['F01.752.747.792.110', 'F02.463.593.112'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['C23.888.821.645.500'], ['F03.400.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.527'], ['E05.599.695'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['F01.752.747.792'], ['C23.888.144.828', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.828', 'G07.100.100.160.120.828'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Sesquiterpene lactones from Anthemis altissima and their anti-Helicobacter pylori activity.
|
Seven sesquiterpene lactones, (-) sivasinolide (1), a new naturally occurring eudesmanolide (altissin, 2), desacetyl-beta-cyclopyrethrosin (3), tatridin-A (4), 1-epi-tatridin B (5), 1alpha,10beta-epoxy-6-hydroxy-1,10H-inunolide (6), and spiciformin (7), were isolated from Anthemis altissima. Also isolated were 10 known flavonoids, namely, apigenin (8), kaempferol 4'-methyl ether (9), quercetin (10), quercetin 3-methyl ether (11), isorhamnetin (12), rhamnetin (13), 6-hydroxyquercetin 3,6,4'-trimethyl ether (14), isoquercetrin (15), taxifolin (16), and eriodictyol (17), and one phenolic acid, chlorogenic acid (18). The structure and the stereochemistry of compound 2 were deduced by spectroscopic methods. The in vitro activity of the sesquiterpene lactones (1-5) against Helicobacter pylori, as well as against three Gram-positive and three Gram-negative bacteria growing aerobically, was tested using the microdilution method. Compounds 8-18 have also been tested against H. pylori.
|
['Asteraceae', 'Gram-Negative Bacteria', 'Gram-Positive Bacteria', 'Greece', 'Helicobacter pylori', 'Lactones', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Molecular Structure', 'Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular', 'Plants, Medicinal', 'Sesquiterpenes', 'Stereoisomerism']
| 12,762,812
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.100'], ['B03.440'], ['B03.510'], ['Z01.542.383'], ['B03.440.500.550', 'B03.660.150.235.500.250.550'], ['D02.540'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['E05.196.867.519.550'], ['B01.650.560'], ['D02.455.849.765'], ['G02.607.445.682']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
A population-based cohort study to evaluate the effectiveness of lung cancer screening using low-dose CT in Hitachi city, Japan.
|
Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of lung cancer screening using low-dose computed tomography for the general population, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of screening for participants among Hitachi residents.Materials and Methods: Citizens aged 50-74 who underwent low-dose computed tomography screening at least once during 1998-2006 were defined as the computed tomography group, and those who underwent X-ray screening at least once during the same period, but did not receive low-dose computed tomography screening throughout the follow-up period, were defined as the XP group. We investigated the lung cancer incidence rate, mortality rate and all-cause mortality rate for both groups from the first lung cancer screening to the end of 2012.Results: In the computed tomography group (17 935 residents; 9790 males and 8145 females), 273 cases of lung cancer (1.5%), 72 cases of lung cancer death (0.4%), and 885 cases of all-cause death (4.9%) were observed. On the other hand, 164 cases (1.1%) of lung cancer, 80 cases (0.5%) of lung cancer death and 1188 cases (7.6%) of all-cause death were observed in the XP group (15 548 residents; 6526 males and 9022 females). The hazard ratios of the computed tomography group to the XP group adjusted for gender, age and smoking history were 1.23 for lung cancer incidence rate, 0.49 for lung cancer mortality rate and 0.57 for all-cause mortality rate. Non-smokers and light smokers (<30 pack-years) had a significantly lower lung cancer mortality (0.41 and 0.21, respectively).Conclusion: low-dose computed tomography screening for a population including non-smokers and light smokers may be effective.
|
['Aged', 'Cohort Studies', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation', 'Early Detection of Cancer', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Japan', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 30,541,133
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E05.799.513.500', 'G01.750.740.500', 'G04.712.500', 'G07.225', 'G07.738.500', 'N06.850.810.250.180'], ['E01.390.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Mortality Risk of Antipsychotic Dose and Duration in Nursing Home Residents with Chronic or Acute Indications.
|
OBJECTIVES: To examine disease-specific associations between antipsychotic dose and duration and all-cause mortality.DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study.SETTING: A 5% random sample of Medicare beneficiaries who had a Minimum Data Set 2.0 clinical assessment completed between 2007 and 2009.PARTICIPANTS: Three mutually exclusive cohorts of new antipsychotic users with evidence of severe mental illness (SMI, n = 5,621); dementia with behavioral symptoms (dementia + behavior) without SMI (n = 1,090); or delirium only without SMI or dementia + behavior (n = 2,100) were identified.MEASUREMENTS: Dose and duration of therapy with antipsychotics were assessed monthly with a 6-month look-back. Dose was measured as modified standardized daily dose (mSDD), with a mSDD of 1 or less considered below or at recommended maximum geriatric dose. Duration was categorized as 30 or fewer, 31 to 60, 61 to 90, and 91 to 184 days for SMI and dementia + behavior and 7 or fewer, 8 to 30, 31 to 90, and 91 to 184 days for delirium. Complementary log-log models with mSDD and duration as time-dependent variables were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for mortality.RESULTS: In all three groups, new antipsychotic users with a mSDD of 1 or less had significantly lower mortality risk (HRSMI = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.67-0.88; HRdementia+behavior = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.36-0.76; HRdelirium = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.44-0.85) than peers with a mSDD greater than 1. Individuals with longer duration of antipsychotic use (91-184 days for SMI and delirium) had significantly lower mortality than those with a short duration of use (?30 days for SMI; ?7 days for delirium). The interaction between dose and duration was statistically significant in the SMI cohort (P < .001).CONCLUSION: Lower mortality was observed with within-recommended dose ranges for dementia + behavior, SMI, and delirium and with long duration of antipsychotic use for the latter two disease groups. Prescribers should monitor antipsychotic dosage throughout the course of antipsychotic treatment and customize dose and duration regimens to an individual's indications.
|
['Aged', 'Antipsychotic Agents', 'Cause of Death', 'Dementia', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Medicare', 'Mental Disorders', 'Nursing Homes', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk', 'United States']
| 27,166,586
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.331'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.250', 'N01.224.935.698.100', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.250', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.250'], ['C10.228.140.380', 'F03.615.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['N03.219.521.346.506.564.663', 'N03.219.521.576.343.840', 'N03.706.615.696'], ['F03'], ['N02.278.825.610'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Molecular and biochemical characterization of endo-beta-mannanases from germinating coffee (Coffea arabica) grains.
|
The activity of endo-beta-mannanase ([1-->4]-beta-mannan endohydrolase EC 3.2.1.78) is likely to be central to the metabolism of cell wall mannans during the germination of grains of coffee (Coffea spp.). In the present paper, we report the cloning and sequencing of two endo-beta-mannanase cDNAs (manA and manB) by different strategies from Coffea arabica L.. The manA cDNA was obtained by the use of oligonucleotides homologous to published sequences of other endo-beta-mannanases and manB by the use of oligonucleotides deduced from a purified enzyme from coffee. ManA and B proteins share about 56% sequence homology and include highly conserved regions found in other mannan endohydrolases. Purification of the activity by chromatography followed by separation by two-dimensional electrophoresis and amino acid sequencing demonstrated the existence of at least seven isomers of the ManB form. The existence of multiple manB genes was also indicated by Southern analysis, whereas only one or two gene copies were detected for manA. Northern hybridizations with manA- and manB-specific probes showed that mRNA transcripts for both cDNAs were present at the same periods of bean germination with transcript peaks at 20 days after imbibition of water (DAI). Transcripts were not detected during grain maturation or in the other tissues such as roots, stems, flowers and leaves. The peak endo-beta-mannanase activity occurred at approximately 28 DAI and was not detected in grains prior to imbibition. Activity and mRNA levels appeared to be tightly co-ordinated. Tests of substrate specificity with the purified ManB enzyme showed that activity required a minimum of five mannose units to function efficiently.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Coffee', 'Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional', 'Germination', 'Isoelectric Point', 'Mannosidases', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Plant Proteins', 'Seeds', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Analysis, Protein']
| 11,469,596
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D20.215.784.249', 'G07.203.100.325', 'J02.200.325'], ['E05.196.401.250', 'E05.301.300.230'], ['G07.345.625.249', 'G15.357'], ['E05.301.300.663.500', 'G02.300.500'], ['D08.811.277.450.625'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.765'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775'], ['E05.393.751'], ['E05.393.760.705']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Comparative analysis of cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) genes among Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli and C. fetus strains.
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The cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) gene clusters of Campylobacter coli strain Co1-243 and C. fetus strain Col-187 were cloned and sequenced to understand the importance of Cdt as a virulence factor. The cdt genes of C. coli and C. fetus consist of three closely linked genes termed cdtA, cdtB, cdtC whose sizes are 774, 801, and 570 bp, and 702, 798, and 546 bp, respectively. The homologies of each subunit of cdt genes between C. jejuni and C. coli, C. jejuni and C. fetus, or C. coli and C. fetus are 59.6%, 40.3%, or 46.5% for cdtA, 70.2%, 62.4%, or 61.3% for cdtB, 61.3%, 52.3%, or 50.1% for cdtC, respectively. Colony hybridization assay revealed that the genes homologous to the cdtABC gene were distributed in all 27, 19, 20 strains of C. jejuni, C. coli, and C. fetus, respectively, isolated from patients and animals in species-specific manner. Furthermore, nucleotide sequence of the cdt operon, including flanking region, of 10 strains of each species indicated that though the size of the cdtB gene was conserved in each species, those of cdtA and cdtC genes varied particularly among C. coli strains. Amino acid residues demonstrated to be important for toxin activity in CdtB, corresponding to H152, D185, D222, D258, H259 in Cj-CdtB, were also conserved in Cc-CdtB and Cf-CdtB. The cdt gene cluster was located in different sites among different species but in the same site of genomes of the same species. Cdt activity produced by C. jejuni and C. fetus varied among strains, however, any C. coli strains exhibited Cdt activity on HeLa cells. These data indicate that the cdt gene may have a potential for virulence factor at least in C. jejuni and C. fetus.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Bacterial Toxins', 'Base Sequence', 'Campylobacter', 'Campylobacter Infections', 'Campylobacter coli', 'Campylobacter fetus', 'Campylobacter jejuni', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Multigene Family', 'Sequence Alignment']
| 17,353,111
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D23.946.123'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['B03.440.180', 'B03.660.150.235.250.500'], ['C01.150.252.400.177'], ['B03.440.180.200', 'B03.660.150.235.250.500.100'], ['B03.440.180.325', 'B03.660.150.235.250.500.220'], ['B03.440.180.425', 'B03.660.150.235.250.500.375'], ['E05.393.220'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['E05.393.751']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Role of inoculum and mutant frequency on fosfomycin MIC discrepancies by agar dilution and broth microdilution methods in Enterobacteriaceae.
|
OBJECTIVES: Fosfomycin is re-evaluated as a treatment of multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections. However, MIC differences have been described among the different susceptibility testing. The aim was to study the role of the different inoculum size used in agar dilution with respect to broth microdilution, according to CLSI, in the fosfomycin MIC discrepancies.METHODS: Fosfomycin MICs were determined using agar dilution (reference) and broth microdilution in 220 Escherichia coli (n=81) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=139) clinical isolates. Fosfomycin mutant frequencies were determined in 21 E. coli (MIC=1mg/L) and 21 K. pneumoniae (MIC=16mg/L). The emergence of resistant subpopulations of five E. coli strains (MIC=1mg/L) was monitored over the time by microdilution assay using 0, 4 and 8 mg/L of fosfomycin, and eight different inocula (5?105-3.91?103 CFU/well, 1 : 2 dilutions).RESULTS: For E. coli, 86.4% of categorical agreement (CA), 9.1% very major errors (VME), 3.3% major errors (ME) and 9.9% minor errors (mE) were found. For K. pneumoniae, CA was 51.1%, VME 15.7%, ME 28.4% and mE 25.2%. Essential agreement (±1-log2) was observed in 55.45%. By microdilution, 35.9% of the MICs showed discrepancies of ?2 dilutions. Initial inoculum used was 5.63 times higher in the microdilution method, in range with CLSI methodology for both techniques. Fosfomycin mutant frequencies were 6.05?10-5 (4?MIC) to 5.59?10-7 (256?MIC) for E. coli, and 1.49?10-4 (4?MIC) to 1.58?10-5 (16?MIC) for K. pneumoniae. Resistant subpopulations arose mainly after 8 h of incubation with inocula >3.13?104 CFU/well.CONCLUSIONS: The higher inoculum used in the microdilution method enriched the initial inoculum with resistant subpopulations and could partially explain the fosfomycin MIC discrepancies with respect to the agar dilution method.
|
['Agar', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Culture Media', 'Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial', 'Enterobacteriaceae', 'Escherichia coli', 'Fosfomycin', 'Klebsiella pneumoniae', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests']
| 28,062,317
|
[['D09.698.360.041'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['G06.099.225.812', 'G06.225.347.812', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.812', 'G07.690.773.984.300.500'], ['B03.440.450.425', 'B03.660.250.150'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D02.705.429.625'], ['B03.440.450.425.425.600', 'B03.660.250.150.400.590'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Role of serial quantitative assessment of right ventricular function by strain in pulmonary arterial hypertension.
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The aim of this study was to assess whether serial quantitative assessment of right ventricular (RV) function by speckle-based strain imaging is affected by pulmonary hypertension-specific therapies and whether there is a correlation between serial changes in RV strain and clinical status. RV longitudinal systolic function was assessed using speckle-tracking echocardiography in 50 patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) before and after the initiation of therapy. The mean interval to follow-up was 6 ± 2 months. Subsequent survival was assessed over 4 years. Patients demonstrated a mean increase in RV systolic strain from -15 ± 5 before to -20 ± 7% (p = 0.0001) after PAH treatment. Persistence of or progression to a severe reduction in free wall systolic strain (<-12.5%) at 6 months was associated with greater disease severity (100% were in functional class III or IV vs 42%, p = 0.005), greater diuretic use (86% vs 40%, p = 0.02), higher mean pulmonary artery pressure (67 ± 20 vs 46 ± 17 mm Hg, p = 0.006), and poorer survival (4-year mortality 43% vs 23%, p = 0.002). After adjusting for age, functional class, and RV strain at baseline, patients with ? 5% improvement in RV free wall systolic strain had a greater than sevenfold lower mortality risk at 4 years (hazard ratio 0.13, 95% confidence interval 0.03 to 0.50, p = 0.003). In conclusion, serial echocardiographic assessment of RV longitudinal systolic function by quantitative strain imaging independently predicts clinical deterioration and mortality in patients with PAH after the institution of medical therapy.
|
['Confidence Intervals', 'Echocardiography', 'Familial Primary Pulmonary Hypertension', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Pulmonary', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Minnesota', 'Prognosis', 'Pulmonary Wedge Pressure', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Survival Rate', 'Systole', 'Ventricular Function, Right']
| 23,102,474
|
[['E05.318.740.275', 'N05.715.360.750.220', 'N06.850.520.830.275'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['C08.381.423.300'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['A07.541.560'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381.423', 'C14.907.489.556'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.510', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.510'], ['E01.789'], ['G09.330.380.076.695'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['G09.330.580.880', 'G11.427.494.570.880'], ['G09.330.955.900']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A pilot sequential study of cognitive therapy and pharmacotherapy of atypical depression.
|
BACKGROUND: Parallel comparison studies of cognitive therapy and antidepressant medication have suggested that both treatments are effective. However, we cannot determine from these studies whether cognitive therapy and antidepressant medication are effective for the same populations of depressives. A sequential study in which nonresponders to the first treatment are then treated with the second can address this issue.METHOD: Twenty-seven patients meeting DSM-III criteria for major depression or dysthymic disorder and Columbia criteria for atypical depression received cognitive therapy followed by antidepressant medication for cognitive therapy nonresponders. A response rate with the second treatment equal to that expected with placebo would suggest both treatments target the same depressive population.RESULTS: Of the 25 completers of the study, 14 (56%) were judged responders to cognitive therapy alone. Sixty-nine percent (9/13) of the responders maintained their benefits for 6 months or more. Seven of the 11 cognitive therapy nonresponders (63%) responded to antidepressant medication. These results were compared with those of a concurrent double-blind medication study; both its sample and ours were drawn from the same population at the same time: cognitive therapy and antidepressant medication response rates were higher than expected with placebo (28%).CONCLUSION: The results suggest that (1) cognitive therapy and antidepressant medication are effective treatments for differing populations of depressed patients, as the antidepressant medication response of cognitive therapy nonresponders was greater than expected with placebo, and (2) cognitive therapy has a lasting effect.
|
['Adult', 'Antidepressive Agents', 'Cognitive Behavioral Therapy', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Imipramine', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Personality Inventory', 'Phenelzine', 'Pilot Projects', 'Placebos', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales']
| 1,592,844
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.427.700.122'], ['F04.754.137.350'], ['E02.186'], ['F03.600.300'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.300.240.485'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.647.513'], ['D02.442.700'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['D26.660', 'E02.785'], ['F04.711.513.653']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Wegener's granulomatosis in India: clinical features, treatment and outcome of twenty-five patients.
|
OBJECTIVE: To report our clinical experience on Wegener's granulomatosis (WG).METHODS: A retrospective review of case records of all patients with WG in our Rheumatology Clinic during the period July 1988 to June 2000 was carried out and the details of demography, clinical and laboratory data, treatment and outcome were obtained and analysed.RESULTS: Twenty-five patients (16 females and 9 males) were found eligible for inclusion in the study. The mean age and duration of symptoms at presentation were 33.5 years and 5.5 months, respectively. Two patients had limited WG. Twenty-two patients with generalized WG were treated with standard regimen comprising oral prednisolone (1 mg/kg/day) and oral cyclophosphamide (2 mg/kg/day). Cyclophosphamide was continued for at least one year after the patient attained remission. One patient was treated with intravenous cyclophosphamide regimen. The two patients with limited WG were treated with oral prednisolone and methotrexate (10-12.5 mg as a single dose per week). Remission was achieved in 24 patients after a median time of six months. The median follow-up of patients was five years (range 4 months-11 years). Five patients were lost to follow-up. Eight patients suffered a relapse. The mean time for relapse was 34 months after the initial remission. Seven out of eight patients remitted again after reinstitution of the initial induction regimen. One patient died of diffuse pulmonary haemorrhage despite early institution of therapy.CONCLUSION: WG is being increasingly diagnosed in India now because of greater awareness and diagnostic aids. Although remissions are easy to achieve, relapses continue to pose a challenge to the treating physician.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Child', 'Female', 'Glucocorticoids', 'Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis', 'Humans', 'India', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prednisolone', 'Radiography', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 18,610,662
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['D06.472.040.543', 'D27.505.696.399.472.488'], ['C08.381.483.950', 'C14.907.940.897.249.750', 'C20.111.193.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.795'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Primary correction of the unilateral cleft lip nose.
|
The details of surgical techniques for primary correction of the unilateral cleft lip nose and their results for 45 cases are reported. The technique employed an infracartilaginous incision on the affected side, thus allowing direct suturing of the alar cartilage onto the lateral cartilage. For the post-operative evaluation, the nasal form in both frontal and bottom views was scored for five items. In overall evaluation, the grades of "Good," "Fair," and "Poor" were derived from the total scores of five items. In the postoperative results (range of follow-up: 24 months to 84 months), 24 cases were rated "Good" (53.3%), 13 cases "Fair" (28.9%), and 8 cases "Poor" (17.8%). Thirty cases appear not to need secondary correction (66.6%). The technique is useful because the alar cartilages and lateral cartilages can be accurately sutured, and relatively stable results can be obtained.
|
['Cleft Lip', 'Cleft Palate', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Nasal Septum', 'Rhinoplasty', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 8,452,846
|
[['C07.465.409.225', 'C07.465.525.164', 'C07.650.525.164', 'C16.131.850.525.164'], ['C05.500.460.185', 'C05.660.207.540.460.185', 'C07.320.440.185', 'C07.465.525.185', 'C07.650.500.460.185', 'C07.650.525.185', 'C16.131.621.207.540.460.185', 'C16.131.850.500.460.185', 'C16.131.850.525.185'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['A04.531.591'], ['E02.218.755', 'E04.580.392.500', 'E04.680.650'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Inhibition of biosynthesis of metalloprotease of Aeromonas sobria by sodium chloride in the medium.
|
The present authors have previously shown that the serine protease activity of Aeromonas sobria is markedly decreased when A. sobria is cultured in medium containing 3.0% sodium chloride (NaCl, concentration almost equivalent to sea water salinity), and that this occurs because, although the synthesis of ASP is not disturbed by the salt in the medium, the maturation pathway of serine protease of A. sobria (ASP) does not proceed successfully in such a medium. In this study, the effect of salt in the medium on the production of metalloprotease by A. sobria (AMP) was examined. A. sobria produced AMP in the milieu when the bacteria were cultured in medium containing (NaCl) at a concentration of 0.5%. However, AMP was not produced when the bacteria were cultured in salty medium containing 1.5% or more NaCl. To examine how NaCl reduces the production of metalloprotease by A. sobria, the amount of amp mRNA in the cell was measured and it was found that this decreased in proportion to the concentration of NaCl in the medium. The mRNA of amp was not detected in cells cultured in medium containing 1.5% or more NaCl. This means that the transcription of amp is inhibited in salty condition. As described, NaCl in the medium disturbs the maturation pathway of ASP. The mode of action whereby NaCl suppresses AMP activity in A. sobria differs from the mechanism for suppressing ASP activity.
|
['Aeromonas', 'Bacterial Toxins', 'Culture Media', 'Metalloproteases', 'Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins', 'Sodium Chloride']
| 21,175,775
|
[['B03.440.450.019.025'], ['D23.946.123'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['D08.811.277.656.675'], ['D12.776.543.695'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Immune status of patients with persistent atrial fibrillation and coronary heart disease].
|
We estimated the strength of immune response to chlamydial infection in patients with CHD. It was most pronounced in CHD patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). There was close relationship between past chlamydial infection and markers of inflammation (CRP and TNF-alpha). The study demonstrated high prognostic value of these markers for the development of AF during CHD and their relationship with characteristics of structural and functional remodeling of myocardium during CHD with AF. The study confirmed the role of inflammation in pathogenesis of AF in CHD patients.
|
['Adult', 'Atrial Fibrillation', 'Biomarkers', 'Chlamydia', 'Chlamydia Infections', 'Chronic Disease', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Humans', 'Inflammation', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prognosis', 'Ventricular Remodeling']
| 24,159,783
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C14.280.067.198', 'C23.550.073.198'], ['D23.101'], ['B03.440.190.190.190'], ['C01.150.252.400.210.125', 'C01.150.252.734.301', 'C01.221.812.281.301', 'C01.778.281.301', 'C12.294.668.281.301', 'C13.351.500.711.281.301'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.470'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E01.789'], ['C23.300.985', 'G09.330.955.975']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Genetic heterogeneity of G6PD deficiency: mutant alleles of G6PD in the Shekii district of Azerbaijan].
|
Examination on G6PD deficiency in 349 patients of Shekii district hospital (Azerbaijan) revealed 16 hemi-, 4 homo- and 9 heterozygotic carriers of the defect. Gd- frequency, calculated from the data obtained (7.7%), may be compared to neighbouring regions' frequencies (6-30%). Carriers of G6PD deficiency are residents of 11 villages located in Alasani-Aphtalan valley, highly endemic with malaria in the past; nearly all marriages are endogamic. Physico-chemical and kinetic study of 10 mutant forms of G6PD, according to WHO program, led to identification of 5 variants of the II class (Shekii, Bideiz, Shirin-Bulakh, Okhut I and Zakataly) and 2 variants of the III class (Okhut II and Martinique-like). Resemblance of the majority of variants in electrophoretic mobility and the level of erythrocyte enzyme activity permit to suggest the existence of a common parental mutant G6PD allele distributed in this area.
|
['Alleles', 'Azerbaijan', 'Erythrocytes', 'Female', 'Genetic Variation', 'Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase', 'Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency', 'Heterozygote', 'Homozygote', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mutation', 'Pedigree']
| 144,081
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['Z01.542.900.120'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['G05.365'], ['D08.811.682.047.150.300'], ['C15.378.071.141.150.480', 'C16.320.070.480', 'C16.320.565.202.402', 'C18.452.648.202.402'], ['G05.380.383'], ['G05.380.554'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.590'], ['E05.393.673']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Effects of fruit and vegetable consumption on plasma antioxidant concentrations and blood pressure: a randomised controlled trial.
|
BACKGROUND: High dietary intakes of fruit and vegetables are associated with reduced risks of cancer and cardiovascular disease. Short-term intensive dietary interventions in selected populations increase fruit and vegetable intake, raise plasma antioxidant concentrations, and lower blood pressure, but long-term effects of interventions in the general population are not certain. We assessed the effect of an intervention to increase fruit and vegetable consumption on plasma concentrations of antioxidant vitamins, daily fruit and vegetable intake, and blood pressure.METHODS: We undertook a 6-month, randomised, controlled trial of a brief negotiation method to encourage an increase in consumption of fruit and vegetables to at least five daily portions. We included 690 healthy participants aged 25-64 years recruited from a primary-care health centre.FINDINGS: Plasma concentrations of alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, lutein, beta-cryptoxanthin, and ascorbic acid increased by more in the intervention group than in controls (significance of between-group differences ranged from p=0.032 to 0.0002). Groups did not differ for changes in lycopene, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, gamma-tocopherol, or total cholesterol concentrations. Self-reported fruit and vegetable intake increased by a mean 1.4 (SD 1.7) portions in the intervention group and by 0.1 (1.3) portion in the control group (between-group difference=1.4, 95% CI 1.2-1.6; p<0.0001). Systolic blood pressure fell more in the intervention group than in controls (difference=4.0 mm Hg, 2.0-6.0; p<0.0001), as did diastolic blood pressure (1.5 mm Hg, 0.2-2.7; p=0.02).INTERPRETATION: The effects of the intervention on fruit and vegetable consumption, plasma antioxidants, and blood pressure would be expected to reduce cardiovascular disease in the general population.
|
['Adult', 'Antioxidants', 'Blood Pressure', 'Diet', 'Female', 'Fruit', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Social Class', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Vegetables']
| 12,076,551
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I01.880.853.996.755', 'N01.824.782'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['B01.650.160.956', 'B01.650.510.956', 'G07.203.300.850', 'J02.500.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[The mortuary: a place where lives can be saved].
|
The mortuary is a hospital department dedicated to the care of patients who have died on-site. It is also a place of life and hope. Tissue samples (corneas, heart valves, etc.) may be taken there for people awaiting transplants. The final outcome will depend on respectful treatment of, and high-quality dialogue with, the deceased's family.
|
['Family', 'Humans', 'Mortuary Practice']
| 22,312,685
|
[['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.438']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Incidence and Management of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Psoriatic Arthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Population-Based Study.
|
OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence and incidence of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus (DM), and obesity among patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared to the general population, and to examine the treatment of incident CV risk factors in PsA and RA compared to controls.METHODS: A cohort study was conducted within The Health Improvement Network, a medical record database in the UK, using data from 1994 to 2014. Patients ages 18-89 years with PsA or RA were matched to controls on practice and start date. The prevalence and incidence of CV risk factors identified by diagnostic codes were calculated. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the relative incidence of these CV risk factors. Finally, pharmacologic therapies for incident CV risk factors were examined.RESULTS: Study subjects included patients with PsA (n = 12,548), RA (n = 53,215), and controls (n = 389,269). The prevalence of all CV risk factors was significantly elevated in PsA. Only the prevalence of DM and obesity was increased in RA. Incidence of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and DM was elevated in PsA and RA. Receipt of therapy within 1 year following incident diagnosis of CV risk factors was not substantially different between the groups; approximately 85%, 65%, and 45% of patients received prescriptions for hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and DM, respectively.CONCLUSION: Patients with PsA have an increased prevalence of CV risk factors, and both patients with PsA and patients with RA have increased incidence of a new diagnosis of CV risk factors. Pharmacologic treatment of CV risk factors in patients with PsA and RA was similar to controls in the UK.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Arthritis, Psoriatic', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Cohort Studies', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prevalence', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Risk Factors', 'United Kingdom', 'Young Adult']
| 27,696,731
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C05.116.900.853.625.800.424', 'C05.550.114.145', 'C05.550.114.865.800.424', 'C17.800.859.675.175'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['C14'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['Z01.542.363'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Carboxylic acid consumption and production by Corynebacterium glutamicum.
|
Corynebacterium glutamicum is well-known as an industrial workhorse, most notably for its use in the bulk production of amino acids in the feed and food sector. Previous studies of the effect of gradients in scale-down reactors with complex media disclosed an accumulation of several carboxylic acids and a parallel decrease of growth and product accumulation. This study, therefore, addresses the impact of carboxylic acids, for example, acetate and l-lactate, on the cultivation of the cadaverine producing strain C. glutamicum DM1945Äact3:Ptuf -ldcCopt and their potential role in scale up related performance losses. A fluctuating power input in shake flask and stirred tank cultivations with mineral salt was applied to mimic discontinuous oxygen availability. Results demonstrate, whenever sufficient oxygen was available, C. glutamicum recovered from previously occurring stressful conditions like an oxygen limiting phase. Reassimilation of acids was detected simultaneously. In cultures, which were supplemented with either acetate or l-lactate, a rapid cometabolization of both acids in presence of glucose was observed, showing conversion rates of 7.8 and 3.8 mmol gcell dry weight -1 hr-1 , respectively. Uptake of these acids was accompanied by increased oxygen consumption. Proteins related to oxidative stress response, glycogen synthesis, and the main carbon metabolism were found in altered concentrations under oscillatory cultivation conditions. (Proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD012760). Virtually no impact on growth or product formation was observed. We conclude that the reduced growth and product formation in scale-down cultivations when complex media was used is not caused by the accumulation of carboxylic acids.
|
['Acetates', 'Amino Acids', 'Carbon', 'Carboxylic Acids', 'Corynebacterium glutamicum', 'Glucose', 'Oxygen']
| 30,851,150
|
[['D02.241.081.018', 'D10.251.400.045'], ['D12.125'], ['D01.268.150'], ['D02.241'], ['B03.510.024.250.300', 'B03.510.460.400.400.200.300'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Enkephalinergic innervation of GABAergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus of the rat.
|
The preembedding double immunoreaction method was used to study interrelations of enkephalinergic and GABAergic neuronal elements in the dorsal raphe nucleus of the Wistar albino rat. The enkephalin-like neuronal elements were immunoreacted by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method and silver-gold intensified, which showed strongly and was specific. The GABA-like immunoreactive neurons were immunoreacted by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method only. GABA-like neural somata were postsynaptic to both the enkephalin-like immunoreactive and the non-immunoreactive axon terminals. The enkephalin-like immunoreactive axon terminals were also found to synapse GABA-like immunoreactive dendrites. The GABA-like immunoreactive neuronal elements were also found to receive synapses from other non-immunoreactive as well as GABA-like immunoreactive axon terminals. Almost all of the synapses appeared to be asymmetrical. Possible functional activity of interactions among the enkephalinergic, GABAergic, and serotonergic neuronal elements in the dorsal raphe nucleus are discussed.
|
['Animals', 'Axons', 'Dendrites', 'Enkephalins', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Immunoelectron', 'Neurons', 'Raphe Nuclei', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Synapses', 'gamma-Aminobutyric Acid']
| 8,374,809
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.675.542.145', 'A11.284.180.075', 'A11.671.137', 'A11.671.501.145'], ['A08.675.256', 'A11.284.180.225', 'A11.671.240'], ['D12.644.400.575.281', 'D12.776.631.650.575.281'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.625', 'E05.595.402.625'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['A08.186.211.132.659.413.875.618', 'A08.186.211.132.810.428.600.650.562', 'A08.186.211.132.810.591.500.662'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350', 'D12.125.190.350']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Pharmacology and toxicology of furazolidone and carbadox; a literature study].
|
A literature search on furazolidone in pigs was made in order to be able to answer a number of questions raised by a court regarding possible furazolidone intoxication. The following review of the literature is the result of this study. Attention is also paid to the residual toxicology of this drug. As one of the court's questions concerned carbadox alone and combined with furazolidone, a brief review of the pharmacology of this drug is included.
|
['Animals', 'Carbadox', 'Carcinogens', 'Furazolidone', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Lethal Dose 50', 'Mice', 'Mutagens', 'Quinoxalines', 'Swine', 'Turkeys']
| 6,515,619
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.241.081.251.140', 'D03.633.100.857.140'], ['D27.888.569.100'], ['D02.640.600.313', 'D03.383.129.462.600.500', 'D03.383.312.649.313'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['E05.940.402', 'G07.225.500', 'G07.690.773.875.750', 'G07.690.936.500.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D27.888.569.468'], ['D03.633.100.857'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.800', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Attending Follow-up Appointments After Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury: Caregiver-Perceived Barriers and Facilitators.
|
OBJECTIVE: To examine barriers and facilitators for follow-up care of children with traumatic brain injury (TBI).SETTING: Urban children's hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Caregivers of children (aged 2-18 years) discharged from an inpatient unit with a TBI diagnosis in 2014-2015.DESIGN: Survey of caregivers.MAIN MEASURES: Caregiver-reported barriers and facilitators to follow-up appointment attendance.RESULTS: The sample included 159 caregivers who completed the survey. The top 3 barriers were "no need" (38.5%), "schedule conflicts" (14.1%), and "lack of resources" (10.3%). The top 5 identified facilitators were "good hospital experience" (68.6%), "need" (37.8%), "sufficient resources" (35.8%), "well-coordinated appointments" (31.1%), and "provision of counseling and support" (27.6%). Caregivers with higher income were more likely to report "no need" as a barrier; females were less likely to do so. Nonwhite caregivers and those without private insurance were more likely to report "lack of resources" as a barrier. Females were more likely to report "good hospital experience" and "provision of counseling and support" as a facilitator. Nonwhite caregivers were more likely to report "need" but less likely to report "sufficient resources" as facilitators.CONCLUSIONS: Care coordination, assistance with resources, and improvements in communication and the hospital experience are ways that adherence might be enhanced.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Brain Injuries, Traumatic', 'Caregivers', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Continuity of Patient Care', 'Female', 'Hospitals, Pediatric', 'Hospitals, Urban', 'Humans', 'Income', 'Insurance Coverage', 'Male', 'Office Visits', 'Parents', 'Race Factors', 'Sex Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 30,169,437
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C10.228.140.199.444', 'C10.900.300.087.235', 'C26.915.300.200.194'], ['M01.085', 'M01.526.485.200', 'N02.360.200'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E02.760.169', 'N02.421.585.169', 'N04.590.233.727.210'], ['N02.278.421.556.437'], ['N02.278.421.660'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N01.824.417'], ['N03.219.521.576.265'], ['N04.452.758.635'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['N05.715.350.463'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Strain-specific interaction of a GII.10 Norovirus with HBGAs.
|
Noroviruses (NoVs), an important cause of gastroenteritis in humans, recognize human histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) as receptors. The crystal structures of the protruding (P) domain of a GII.10 NoV (Vietnam 026) in complex with various HBGA oligosaccharides were elucidated. However, the HBGA binding profile of this virus remains unknown. In this study, we determined the saliva and oligosaccharide binding profiles of this virus and the roles of amino acids that are involved in HBGA binding. Our data showed that Vietnam 026 bound to all ABO secretor and non-secretor saliva with clear signals detected by monoclonal antibodies against H3, H1, Le(y), Le(a) and sialyl Le(a). Mutagenesis study confirmed the binding site determined by the crystallography study, in which single mutations wiped out the binding function. We also identified amino acids surrounding the central binding pocket that may participate in the binding by affecting the HBGA binding specificity of the GII.10 NoV.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Blood Group Antigens', 'Caliciviridae Infections', 'Gastroenteritis', 'Humans', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Norovirus', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Receptors, Virus', 'Species Specificity', 'Viral Nonstructural Proteins']
| 25,591,173
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D23.050.301.290', 'D23.050.705.230'], ['C01.925.782.160'], ['C06.405.205'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.595'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B04.820.578.298.550'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D12.776.543.750.830'], ['G16.824'], ['D12.776.964.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prevalence, onset and course of anxiety disorders during pregnancy: A systematic review and meta analysis.
|
BACKGROUND: Anxiety disorders during pregnancy are associated with various adverse outcomes. Previous reviews of anxiety disorders during pregnancy have methodological limitations and were conducted without a meta-analysis. The present study is a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published research on the prevalence, onset and course of all anxiety disorders during pregnancy plus obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and posttraumatic stress disorder.METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was performed on a wide range of databases. A random effects model was used for the meta-analysis.RESULTS: Thirty-six studies were included. Prevalence rates of anxiety disorders during pregnancy varied considerably. The pooled prevalence rate of each disorder during pregnancy was 3%, except for specific phobia, where it was 6%. Between 13% and 39% of pregnant OCD women had the onset of OCD during pregnancy, and this occurred mainly in the 2nd trimester. The onset of panic disorder (PD) was more common in the 1st and 2nd trimesters of pregnancy.LIMITATIONS: Different designs of the included studies, as well as different assessment tools and assessment times during pregnancy and the paucity of studies of the onset and course, preclude definitive conclusions.CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety disorders are common during pregnancy. Unlike prevalence rates of other anxiety disorders during pregnancy, prevalence rates of PD and OCD during pregnancy were higher than their lifetime prevalence rates in women in the general population. The onset of OCD during pregnancy is not rare and the course of PD and OCD during pregnancy is highly variable. These findings suggest that pregnancy may be a specific risk factor for the occurrence and/or exacerbation of PD and OCD and underscore the importance of their early diagnosis and management.
|
['Adult', 'Anxiety Disorders', 'Comorbidity', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder', 'Panic Disorder', 'Phobic Disorders', 'Pregnancy', 'Prevalence', 'Risk Factors', 'Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic']
| 31,129,461
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F03.080'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03.080.600'], ['F03.080.700'], ['F03.080.725'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F03.950.750.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Vector Analysis of Corneal Astigmatism After Combined Femtosecond-Assisted Phacoemulsification and Arcuate Keratotomy.
|
PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcomes of femtosecond-assisted arcuate keratotomy combined with cataract surgery in eyes with low to moderate corneal astigmatism.DESIGN: Retrospective, interventional case series.METHODS: This study included patients who underwent combined femtosecond-assisted phacoemulsification and arcuate keratotomy between March 2013 and August 2013. Keratometric astigmatism was evaluated before and 2 months after the surgery. Vector analysis of the astigmatic changes was performed using the Alpins method.RESULTS: Overall, 54 eyes of 54 patients (18 male and 36 female; mean age, 68.8 ± 11.4 years) were included. The mean preoperative (target-induced astigmatism) and postoperative astigmatism was 1.33 ± 0.57 diopters (D) and 0.87 ± 0.56 D, respectively (P < .001). The magnitude of error (difference between surgically induced and target-induced astigmatism) (-0.13 ± 0.68 D), as well as the correction index (ratio of surgically induced and target-induced astigmatism) (0.86 ± 0.52), demonstrated slight undercorrection. The angle of error was very close to 0, indicating no significant systematic error of misaligned treatment. However, the absolute angle of error showed a less favorable range (17.5 ± 19.2 degrees), suggesting variable factors such as healing or alignment at an individual level. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications.CONCLUSIONS: Combined phacoemulsification with arcuate keratotomy using femtosecond laser appears to be a relatively easy and safe means for management of low to moderate corneal astigmatism in cataract surgery candidates. Misalignment at an individual level can reduce its effectiveness. This issue remains to be elucidated in future studies.
|
['Aged', 'Astigmatism', 'Cataract', 'Corneal Diseases', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Keratoplasty, Penetrating', 'Male', 'Phacoemulsification', 'Postoperative Period', 'Prospective Studies', 'Refraction, Ocular', 'Visual Acuity']
| 25,982,969
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C11.744.212'], ['C11.510.245'], ['C11.204'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.147.725.225.350', 'E04.540.825.374.350', 'E04.936.580.225.350'], ['E04.540.825.249.704', 'E04.943.875'], ['E04.614.750', 'N02.421.585.753.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E01.370.380.850.700', 'G01.590.775', 'G14.760'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Chronic cough from the patient's perspective.
|
OBJECTIVE: To identify the factors that patients consider most concerning about their cough.PATIENTS AND METHODS: All consecutive patients who presented with a complaint of chronic cough between November 1, 2000, and February 28, 2001, were prospectively surveyed for cough-related complaints using an 18-item symptom-complaint questionnaire. We analyzed frequencies of responses and response patterns to specific items on the questionnaire. We also examined whether the responses to individual items related to the patient's age, sex, and duration of cough.RESULTS: Of the 146 consecutive patients referred for evaluation of chronic cough, 136 were eligible for inclusion in the study. These patients cited feelings of frustration, irritability, or anger (43%), frequent physician visits and testing (41%), and sleep disturbances (38%) as the most prevalent major problems. The responses to individual items on the questionnaire were not related to patients' age, sex, and cough duration. Anxiety about underlying serious illness continued to be a concern for most patients.CONCLUSIONS: Frustration, anger, or anxiety was the most frequent major problem cited by patients. Frequent physician visits and testing was the unexpected second most frequent major problem. These findings are important because most chronic cough guidelines are based on clinical efficacy and cost-effectiveness considerations rather than on patient satisfaction. Future studies regarding chronic cough evaluation should take into account patient satisfaction and perceived burden of disease as outcome variables.
|
['Aged', 'Attitude to Health', 'Chronic Disease', 'Cluster Analysis', 'Cough', 'Emotions', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Quality of Life', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 17,285,786
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['C08.618.248', 'C23.888.852.293'], ['F01.470'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Enhanced immunoglobulin levels correlate with infectious complications after surgery in esophageal cancer.
|
Severe septic complications account for the high mortality of patients with esophageal cancer. We examined the levels of immunoglobulins and complements together with infection-related complications in a large number of patients. Enhancements of IgG, IgA, C3, C4, and CH50 were evident in patients with esophageal cancer and were more predominant compared to findings in cases of gastric cancer. Average levels of IgG and IgA immediately before surgery were significantly higher in esophageal cancer patients with postoperative septic complications than in those without such problems. Preoperative radiation therapy and total parenteral nutrition did not significantly alter the levels of immunoglobulins and complements. It would thus appear that the enhancement of IgG and IgA is associated with the occurrence of infectious complications following surgery for patients with esophageal cancer.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antibodies, Neoplasm', 'Bacterial Infections', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Complement C3', 'Complement Hemolytic Activity Assay', 'Esophageal Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin A', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Immunoglobulins', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Parenteral Nutrition, Total', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Stomach Neoplasms']
| 1,898,752
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.240', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.240', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.240'], ['C01.150.252'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['D12.776.124.050.140', 'D12.776.124.486.274.250'], ['E01.370.225.812.160.155', 'E01.370.225.812.735.155', 'E05.200.812.160.155', 'E05.200.812.735.155', 'E05.478.594.160.150', 'E05.478.594.760.155'], ['C04.588.274.476.205', 'C04.588.443.353', 'C06.301.371.205', 'C06.405.117.430', 'C06.405.249.205'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.026', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.026', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.026'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D12.776.124.486.485', 'D12.776.124.790.651', 'D12.776.377.715.548'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.421.505.575', 'E02.642.500.505.750'], ['C23.550.767'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Power considerations for trials of two experimental arms versus a standard active control or placebo.
|
The power of the two-experimental arm trial depends on three choices: (1) when one arm is dropped (if at all); (2) the final testing procedure, assuming no dropping; and (3) the sampling ratio for the three arms. Multiple-arm designs require critical values which were calculated using Mathematica. Power calculations were exact based on probabilities from binomial distributions. The "drop the loser" strategy is optimal for the primary endpoint. The equal sized two treated arm trial gives reasonable power for the primary as well as good power to select the best treated arm. The best power was provided by the 3:3:4 sampling, but it was only marginally better.
|
['Abciximab', 'Angioplasty, Balloon', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Binomial Distribution', 'Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Eptifibatide', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments', 'Peptides', 'Placebos', 'Probability', 'Sample Size', 'Stents']
| 24,047,599
|
[['D12.644.541.500.650.125', 'D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060.125', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680.650.125', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060.125', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680.650.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680.650.125'], ['E02.148.050.060', 'E04.100.814.529.124.060', 'E04.502.382.124.060', 'E05.157.016.060'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['E05.318.740.994.250', 'G17.820.250', 'N05.715.360.750.750.150', 'N06.850.520.830.994.250'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365'], ['D12.644.641.366'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.541.500.650', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680.650', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680.650', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680.650'], ['D12.644'], ['D26.660', 'E02.785'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['E05.318.370.762', 'E05.581.500.902', 'N05.715.360.325.692', 'N06.850.520.445.762'], ['E07.695.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Voice quality and surgical detail in post-laryngectomy tracheoesophageal speakers.
|
The objective of this study is to assess surgical parameters correlating with voice quality after total laryngectomy (TL) by relating voice and speech outcomes of TL speakers to surgical details. Seventy-six tracheoesophageal patients' voice recordings of running speech and sustained vowel were assessed in terms of voice characteristics. Measurements were related to data retrieved from surgical reports and patient records. In standard TL (sTL), harmonics-to-noise ratio was more favorable after primary TL + postoperative RT than after salvage TL. Pause/breathing time increased when RT preceded TL, after extensive base of tongue resection, and after neck dissections. Fundamental frequency (f0) measures were better after neurectomy. Females showed higher minimum f0 and higher second formants. While voice quality differed widely after sTL, gastric pull-ups and non-circumferential pharyngeal reconstructions using (myo-)cutaneous flaps scored worst in voice and speech measures and the two tubed free flaps best. Formant/resonance measures in/a/indicated differences in pharyngeal lumen properties and cranio-caudal place of the neoglottic bar between pharyngeal reconstructions, and indicate that narrower pharynges and/or more superiorly located neoglottic bars bring with them favorable voice quality. Ranges in functional outcome after TL in the present data, and the effects of treatment and surgical variables such as radiotherapy, neurectomy, neck dissection, and differences between partial or circumferential reconstructions on different aspects of voice and speech underline the importance of these variables for voice quality. Using running speech, next to sustained/a/, renders more reliable results. More balanced data, and better detail in surgical reporting will improve our knowledge on voice quality after TL.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Laryngeal Neoplasms', 'Laryngectomy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neck Dissection', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Speech, Esophageal', 'Surgical Flaps', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Voice Quality']
| 26,395,116
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.443.665.481', 'C08.360.369', 'C08.785.481', 'C09.400.369', 'C09.647.481'], ['E04.580.369'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.446.318', 'E04.580.411'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.727.541.677', 'E02.831.727.541.677'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['G09.772.925.960']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
No association between the frequency of forest walking and blood pressure levels or the prevalence of hypertension in a cross-sectional study of a Japanese population.
|
OBJECTIVE: To study the non-temporary effects of successive walks in forested areas (shinrin-yoku) on hypertension prevalence and blood pressure levels.METHODS: Data for the analysis were derived from the baseline survey of the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort (J-MICC) study in the Shizuoka area. Eligible participants were individuals aged 35-69 years who attended a health check-up center during 2006 and 2007. Of the 5,040 individuals who participated in the J-MICC study, Shizuoka, 4,666 were included in this analysis [3,174 men and 1,492 women; age (mean ± standard deviation) 52.1 ± 8.7 years]. The frequency of forest walking was estimated by a self-administrated questionnaire. Hypertension was defined as a systolic blood pressure ? 140 mmHg, a diastolic blood pressure ? 90 mmHg or, based on information provided in the questionnaire, the use of medication for hypertension.RESULTS: After adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, alcohol consumption, and habitual exercise, the odds ratios of hypertension associated with forest walking once a week or more frequently, relative to less than once a month were 0.98 in men [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.68-1.42] and 1.48 (95% CI 0.80-2.71) in women. There was no significant trend between adjusted blood pressure levels and the frequency of forest walking.CONCLUSION: The results of our cross-sectional study in a Japanese population show no association between either blood pressure levels or the prevalence of hypertension and the frequency of forest walking.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Blood Pressure', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Japan', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Odds Ratio', 'Prevalence', 'Risk Factors', 'Walking']
| 21,431,814
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['G11.427.410.568.900', 'G11.427.410.698.277.937', 'I03.350.937', 'I03.450.642.845.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Specificity of DNA base release by bleomycin.
|
DNA was treated with bleomycin in the presence of Fe2+ and 2-mercaptoethanol under conditions where only a few percent of the bases were released. Release of all four bases was a linear function of bleomycin concentration, but the amount of thymine released was twice that of cytosine, 7 times that of adenine, and twelve times that of guanine. Unidentified minor products of thymine, of cytosine and of a purine were also released. Bromouracil did not sensitize DNA to bleomycin-induced breakage, and was released at the same rate as thymine.
|
['Bleomycin', 'Chemical Phenomena', 'Chemistry', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Escherichia coli', 'Iron', 'Kinetics', 'Mercaptoethanol', 'Purines', 'Pyrimidines']
| 82,451
|
[['D09.400.420.110', 'D12.644.233.110'], ['G02'], ['H01.181'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D02.033.375.534', 'D02.886.489.409'], ['D03.633.100.759'], ['D03.383.742']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of the bioequivalence of tablet and capsule formulations of granisetron in patients undergoing cytotoxic chemotherapy for malignant disease.
|
Granisetron is a novel, highly specific 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonist given prophylactically to patients undergoing chemotherapy. An open, randomized, crossover trial was performed with 37 patients (24 females and 13 males) undergoing cytotoxic chemotherapy for malignant disease to compare an oral tablet (1-mg tablet given twice daily) with a clinical-trial capsule (1-mg capsule given twice daily). Complete pharmacokinetic data were determined for 24 patients (14 females and 10 males). The concentration of granisetron in plasma was measured by HPLC; the limit of quantitation was 0.2 ng/mL. The bioavailability evaluation was based mainly on the area under the curve (AUC) (mean values: 52.1 ng.h/mL for the capsule and 54.2 ng.h/mL for the tablet) and the maximum concentration (Cmax) (mean values: 7.42 ng/mL for the capsule and 8.18 ng/mL for the tablet) measured at the steady state after 7 days of continuous therapy. Wide interpatient variability in plasma granisetron levels after oral administration was observed. The 90% standard confidence interval for the geometric mean ratio overlapped the critical range, 0.8-1.25. Point estimates for AUC and Cmax based on two one-sided t tests and log-transformed data showed that the upper limit of the confidence interval was not within 20% of the mean for the capsule; the corresponding power analysis values for AUC and Cmax were 0.89 and 0.81, respectively. Despite bioequivalence not being proven, any differences that exist between the two formulations are likely to be small. There was no difference in efficacy or safety between the two formulations assessed.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Capsules', 'Chemistry, Pharmaceutical', 'Female', 'Granisetron', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Nausea', 'Neoplasms', 'Tablets', 'Therapeutic Equivalency', 'Vomiting']
| 8,308,713
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['D26.255.150'], ['H01.158.703.007', 'H01.181.466'], ['D02.145.074.444', 'D03.383.129.539.487.350', 'D03.605.084.500.444', 'D03.633.100.449.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.888.821.712'], ['C04'], ['D26.255.830'], ['G03.787.559', 'G07.690.725.898'], ['C23.888.821.937']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Overexpression of RCN1 correlates with poor prognosis and progression in non-small cell lung cancer.
|
We investigated the expression of reticulocalbin-1 (RCN1) and its prognostic significance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). RCN1 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis with tissue microarrays in NSCLC tissues and matched adjacent noncancerous tissues. Furthermore, quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were also used to examine the expression of RCN1. Moreover, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide, clone formation, and transwell assays were used to measure cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Lastly, we used the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test to compare overall survival rates between the RCN1-high expression group and the RCN1-low expression group. In this study, immunohistochemistry by tissue microarray at RCN1 expression was significantly up-regulated in NSCLC tissues compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues. We further confirmed the up-regulation of RCN1 by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot assay. RCN1 expression level was closely related to lymph node metastasis (P < .001) and TNM stage (P = .012). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that high RCN1 expression was remarkably associated with poor prognosis with NSCLC patients. A suppression of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion was obtained in A549 cells treated with RCN1 small interfering RNA. Our data indicate that RCN1 expression may have an vital role at promoting the occurrence of NSCLC, and it may be a vital molecular marker in the diagnosis and prognosis of NSCLC patients.
|
['A549 Cells', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Calcium-Binding Proteins', 'Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Prognosis', 'Up-Regulation']
| 30,172,915
|
[['A11.251.210.190.080', 'A11.251.860.180.080', 'A11.436.054'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.101.140'], ['D12.776.157.125'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['E01.789'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi and related soil microbial activity drive carbon mineralization in the maize rhizosphere.
|
This research is aimed to investigate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungi on soil microbial activity and carbon mineralization in the maize rhizosphere under potted condition. Glomus etunicatum was used for our experiment. Results showed that AM symbiosis increased the levels of microorganism in the maize rhizosphere soil, and enhanced activity of soil microbial enzymes. After inoculating AM fungi, the contents of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and readily oxidizable carbon (ROC) in the rhizosphere soil of maize increased with varying degrees. We obtained strong evidence that higher contents of MBC, DOC, ROC, superior number of microbes and stronger soil enzyme activities could be responsible for the higher rate of carbon mineralization in AM fungi treatment. AM fungi inoculation was confirmed to be effective to improve the soil quality for larger-scale ecoengineering.
|
['Biomass', 'Carbon', 'Glomeromycota', 'Mycorrhizae', 'Rhizosphere', 'Soil', 'Soil Microbiology', 'Zea mays']
| 31,352,211
|
[['G16.500.275.157.100', 'N06.230.124.100'], ['D01.268.150'], ['B01.300.320'], ['A18.400.525', 'A19.690', 'B01.300.655', 'B05.550'], ['G16.500.275.157.625', 'G16.500.853', 'N06.230.124.437'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.555', 'N06.850.425.300'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Shift work and risk of non-cancer mortality in a cohort of German male chemical workers.
|
OBJECTIVES: Shift work is widely considered to be a health risk. In a previous study, we observed no elevated risk of total mortality in BASF shift workers followed up until the end of 2006. The present study aims to investigate non-cancer mortality, especially mortality caused by ischaemic heart disease (IHD), relative to shift work.METHODS: The cohort consisted of 14,038 male shift and 17,105 male day workers from manufacturing plants, who were employed for at least 1 year between 1995 and 2005. Vital status was followed from 2000 to 2009. Cause-specific mortality was obtained from death certificates. Non-cancer mortality as well as mortality specific to diagnoses from I20.0 to I25.9 according to International Classification of Disease version 10 was compared between the two working-time systems. To estimate the impact of shift work on the outcome of interest, Cox proportional hazard model was used to adjust for potential confounders such as age, smoking, alcohol consumption, job level, and disease status at baseline. The effect estimates were then given as hazard ratio (HR) with 95 % confidence interval (CI).RESULTS: Between 2000 and 2009, a total of 1,062 deaths occurred in the cohort: 513 (3.6 %) in shift and 549 (3.2 %) in day workers. Among them were 122 deaths resulting from IHD, 55 (0.39 %) and 67 (0.39 %), respectively. After adjustment for age at entry and job level, no increased risk of non-cancer mortality (HR 0.94; 95 % CI 0.77-1.15) as well as of IHD-caused mortality was found among shift workers (HR 0.77; 95 % CI 0.52-1.14). The risk estimates were robust after further adjustment for more factors in all models and consistently tended to be in favour of shift workers. Considering the duration of exposure to shift, no dose-response relationship was found.CONCLUSION: The present analysis does not find strong evidence for an increased mortality risk due to non-cancer disease and, more specifically, IHD-caused mortality associated with this shift system. Initial selection based on health criteria as well as ongoing health surveillance and health promotion is likely to have contributed to this result. Shift work over 34 years may lead to a loss of this initial selection advantage over time, but the respective risk estimates lacked statistical precision.
|
['Adult', 'Cause of Death', 'Chemical Industry', 'Cohort Studies', 'Health Behavior', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mortality', 'Myocardial Ischemia', 'Occupational Health', 'Personnel Staffing and Scheduling', 'Risk Factors', 'Time Factors']
| 24,297,469
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.250', 'N01.224.935.698.100', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.250', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.250'], ['J01.576.655.437'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['F01.145.488'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.550', 'N01.224.935.698', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550'], ['C14.280.647', 'C14.907.585'], ['N01.400.525'], ['I03.946.225', 'N04.452.677.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Sleep apnea and retinal signs in cardiovascular disease: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.
|
PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between sleep apnea, retinal vascular caliber and retinopathy, and their impact on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.METHODS: A multi-ethnic cohort of 5,803 participants was examined based on standardized grading of retinal vascular caliber and retinopathy from digital fundus photographs, self-reported physician-diagnosed sleep apnea (PDSA), and incident cardiovascular events.RESULTS: In women, PDSA was associated with narrower arterioles (regression coefficient [â] -5.76; 95 % confidence Interval [CI] -8.51, -3.02) after adjusting for cardio-metabolic risk factors. The incident rate ratio (IRR) of CVD was also associated with narrower arterioles (IRR for highest versus lowest tertile 1.91; 95 % CI 1.08, 3.38). In men, PDSA was not associated with arteriolar caliber. However, incident CVD was associated with narrower arterioles (IRR 1.67; 95 % CI 1.10, 2.52), wider venules (IRR 1.71; 95 % CI 1.13, 2.59) and PDSA (IRR 2.03, 95 % CI 1.17, 3.51). The IRR of CVD in men with PDSA increased minimally to 2.06 (95 % CI 1.18, 3.56) after adjustment for retinal arteriolar and venular caliber. Combining women and men, the IRR of CVD was 3.41 (95 % CI 1.79, 6.50) in those with both PDSA and narrower retinal arterioles.CONCLUSIONS: Sleep apnea was associated with narrower retinal arterioles in women but not in men. However, sleep apnea was also associated with incident CVD in men. These suggest potential gender differences in susceptibility to microvascular disease in association with sleep apnea.
|
['African Americans', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Asian Americans', 'Atherosclerosis', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Ethnic Groups', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Female', 'Fluorescein Angiography', 'Hispanic Americans', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Microvessels', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Retinal Vessels', 'Risk Factors', 'Sex Factors', 'Sleep Apnea, Obstructive', 'Statistics as Topic', 'Vasoconstriction']
| 25,903,075
|
[['M01.686.508.100.100', 'M01.686.754.100'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['M01.686.508.200.100', 'M01.686.754.225'], ['C14.907.137.126.307'], ['C14'], ['M01.686.754', 'N01.224.317'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['E01.370.370.050.350', 'E01.370.380.250'], ['M01.686.754.441'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['A07.015.461'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['A07.015.611'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['C08.618.085.852.850', 'C10.886.425.800.750.850'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830'], ['G09.330.380.925']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Transthyretin amyloidosis in a patient of Iranian-Jewish extraction: a second Israeli-Jewish case.
|
BACKGROUND: We present a patient with late-onset progressive polyneuropathy and a Congo-red positive staining of sural nerve biopsy, where routine immunohistochemical analysis failed to determine the type of amyloid deposited. Since precise determination of the amyloid type has crucial therapeutic implications, we employed our new biochemical micro-techniques, together with molecular biology methods, to characterize the amyloid protein deposited.METHODS: We used a micro-method for extraction of amyloid proteins, amyloid typing by Western blotting, DNA sequencing, and restriction enzyme site analysis.RESULTS: Our new micro-technique for biochemical analysis of fat aspirate demonstrated transthyretin (TTR) amyloid (ATTR) deposition in the patient's tissue. Sequence analysis of the TTR-encoding DNA identified a single mutation, causing a valine to alanine substitution (V32A).CONCLUSIONS: Although there are approximately 100 known TTR variants associated with peripheral neuropathy, in Israel only one patient with familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP), a patient of Ashkenazi origin with ATTR due to an F33I mutation, has been reported so far. Our study identified a second case of ATTR in the Israeli population, this time in a patient of Iranian-Jewish extraction. The study also emphasizes the importance of our new biochemical micro-techniques in elucidating the type of amyloid protein.
|
['Adipose Tissue', 'Amyloid', 'Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial', 'Amyloidosis', 'Ethnic Groups', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Iran', 'Israel', 'Jews', 'Middle Aged', 'Prealbumin', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA']
| 17,484,624
|
[['A10.165.114'], ['D05.500.049', 'D12.776.049'], ['C10.574.500.050', 'C10.668.829.050.050', 'C16.320.400.050', 'C16.320.565.176.050', 'C18.452.648.176.050', 'C18.452.845.500.050.050', 'C18.452.845.500.075.050'], ['C18.452.845.500'], ['M01.686.754', 'N01.224.317'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.500.350'], ['Z01.252.245.500.375'], ['M01.686.754.600'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.034.841.450', 'D12.776.124.727.750'], ['E05.393.760.700']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Aging of membrane transport mechanisms in the central nervous system. GABA transport in rat cortical synaptosomes.
|
A kinetic study of sodium dependent GABA transport has been made in synaptosomes from 30-month old Long-Evans rats and compared to results from 2-month old animals. Initial velocity of uptake was measured as a function of both sodium and GABA concentration, and these data were than fitted to the model which was found to give best fit for the 2-month data. An excellent fit was also obtained for the 30-month data. Thus there has been no change with age in the fundamental mechanism by which carrier, sodium, and GABA interact in the process of transport. However, quantitative changes were found to occur with age both in initial velocity of uptake and in those constants which quantitate the model. The rate equation for the model was utilized along with the best fit constants to define and calculate certain parameters which were then used to quantitatively compare the transport mechanism in young and aged animals.
|
['Aging', 'Animals', 'Biological Transport', 'Brain', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Models, Biological', 'Rats', 'Sodium', 'Synaptosomes', 'gamma-Aminobutyric Acid']
| 7,095,012
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['G03.143'], ['A08.186.211'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.599.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['A11.284.835.859'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350', 'D12.125.190.350']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Implications of the spatial dynamics of fire spread for the bistability of savanna and forest.
|
The role of fire in expanding the global distribution of savanna is well recognized. Empirical observations and modeling suggest that fire spread has a threshold response to fuel-layer continuity, which sets up a positive feedback that maintains savanna-forest bistability. However, modeling has so far failed to examine fire spread as a spatial process that interacts with vegetation. Here, we use simple, well-supported assumptions about fire spread as an infection process and its effects on trees to ask whether spatial dynamics qualitatively change the potential for savanna-forest bistability. We show that the spatial effects of fire spread are the fundamental reason that bistability is possible: because fire spread is an infection process, it exhibits a threshold response to fuel continuity followed by a rapid increase in fire size. Other ecological processes affecting fire spread may also contribute including temporal variability in demography or fire spread. Finally, including the potential for spatial aggregation increases the potential both for savanna-forest bistability and for savanna and forest to coexist in a landscape mosaic.
|
['Computer Simulation', 'Ecosystem', 'Fires', 'Forests', 'Grassland', 'Mathematical Concepts', 'Models, Biological', 'Stochastic Processes']
| 24,570,348
|
[['L01.224.160'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['N06.230.216'], ['G16.500.275.157.437', 'N06.230.124.343'], ['G16.500.275.157.531', 'N06.230.124.390'], ['G17'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E05.318.740.996', 'G17.830', 'N05.715.360.750.770', 'N06.850.520.830.996']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Tear production and evaporation in the normal eye.
|
The volume of tears in the eye depends on the rate of production and the rate of elimination by drainage and evaporation. A mechanism for the regulation of tear production mediated through changes in tear tonicity has been suggested. High evaporation of tears with a patent drainage system has been thought to be related to reduced tear volume, increased tonicity and an eventual stimulus to production. In this study no significant correlation was found between tear evaporation, measured by a modified evaporimeter system, and tear production, as measured by the turnover rate with a scanning fluorophotometer. This result suggests that regulation of tear production through the mechanism of tonicity change may not be the only, or principal, mechanism in the normal eye.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Fluorophotometry', 'Humans', 'Lacrimal Apparatus', 'Male', 'Tears']
| 2,034,454
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.380.255', 'E05.196.712.516.600.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A09.371.463', 'A10.336.422'], ['A12.200.882']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Arousal-modulated attention at four months as a function of intrauterine cocaine exposure and central nervous system injury.
|
CNS-compromised neonates are poor modulators tending to prefer less stimulation in all arousal conditions. Cocaine-exposed neonates also are poor modulators but tend to prefer more stimulation in all arousal conditions. Infants (N = 359, M = 4 months) were divided into 6 CNS injury groups and 1 cocaine-exposed, non-CNS-injured group and tested in three arousal conditions: less aroused (after feeding), more around-endogenous (before feeding), and more aroused-exogenous (after feeding with additional stimulation prior to each trial). Infants with CNS injuries still showed some degree of influence of arousal on attention that was now similar to that seen in normal neonates and 1-month-olds, while cocaine-exposed infants, 4-month-old normal and mild or moderate CNS-injury infants did not.
|
['Arousal', 'Attention', 'Brain Injuries', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cocaine', 'Female', 'Homeostasis', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Pregnancy', 'Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects']
| 8,990,726
|
[['F02.830.104', 'G11.561.035'], ['F02.830.104.214'], ['C10.228.140.199', 'C10.900.300.087', 'C26.915.300.200'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['D02.145.074.722.388', 'D03.132.889.354', 'D03.605.084.500.722.388', 'D03.605.869.388'], ['G07.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.824.500']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Re-evaluation of the life cycle of Eimeria maxima Tyzzer, 1929 in chickens (Gallus domesticus).
|
A time-course study was conducted to resolve discrepancies in the literature and better define aspects of the Eimeria maxima life cycle such, as sites of development and both morphology and number of asexual stages. Broiler chickens were inoculated orally with five million E. maxima oocysts (APU1), and were necropsied at regular intervals from 12 to 120 h p.i. Small intestine tissue sections and smears were examined for developmental stages. The jejunum contained the highest numbers of developmental stages. At 12 h p.i., sporozoites were observed inside a parasitophorous vacuole (PV) in the epithelial villi and the lamina propria. By 24 h, sporozoites enclosed by a PV were observed in enterocytes of the glands of Lieberk?hn. At 48 h p.i., sporozoites, elongated immature and mature schizonts, were all seen in the glands with merozoites budding off from a residual body. By 60 h, second-generation, sausage-shaped schizonts containing up to 12 merozoites were observed around a residual body in the villar tip of invaded enterocytes. At 72 and 96 h, profuse schizogony associated with third- and fourth-generation schizonts was observed throughout the villus. At 120 h, another generation (fifth) of schizonts were seen in villar tips as well as in subepithelium where gamonts and oocysts were also present; a few gamonts were in epithelium. Our finding of maximum parasitization of E. maxima in jejunum is important because this region is critical for nutrient absorption and weight gain.
|
['Animals', 'Chickens', 'Coccidiosis', 'Eimeria', 'Enterocytes', 'Intestine, Small', 'Life Cycle Stages', 'Merozoites', 'Mucous Membrane', 'Oocysts', 'Poultry Diseases', 'Sporozoites', 'Time Factors', 'Vacuoles']
| 29,239,290
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['C01.610.752.250'], ['B01.043.075.189.250.250.250'], ['A03.556.124.369.290', 'A10.615.550.444.290', 'A11.436.290'], ['A03.556.124.684'], ['B05.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500'], ['A11.870.740.800.500', 'B05.500.800.500', 'B05.775.740.800.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.800.500'], ['A10.615.550'], ['A11.870.740.600', 'B05.500.675', 'B05.775.740.600', 'G07.345.500.550.500.675'], ['C22.131.728'], ['A11.870.740.600.800', 'B05.500.675.800', 'B05.775.740.600.800', 'G07.345.500.550.500.675.800'], ['G01.910.857'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.920']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Assignment of the genes for human beta-glucuronidase and mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase to the region pter leads to q22 of chromosome 7.
|
In human fibroblast cultures derived from adults, clones of cells with a common chromosome rearrangement have been widely reported. Cells derived from one of these clones have been used in hybridization experiments using mouse cells to localize the genes for beta-glucuronidase and mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase on human chromosome 7. The results of this study indicate that the genes for these isozymes are located on the region pter leads to q22 of human chromosome 7.
|
['Cell Line', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X', 'Clone Cells', 'Fibroblasts', 'Glucuronidase', 'Humans', 'Malate Dehydrogenase', 'Mitochondria']
| 606,506
|
[['A11.251.210'], ['E05.393.183'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.325', 'G05.360.162.520.300.325'], ['A11.251.353'], ['A11.329.228'], ['D08.811.277.450.426'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.682.047.820.496'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Osteocytes exposed to far field of therapeutic ultrasound promotes osteogenic cellular activities in pre-osteoblasts through soluble factors.
|
Low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) was reported to accelerate the rate of fracture healing. When LIPUS is applied to fractures transcutaneously, bone tissues at different depths are exposed to different ultrasound fields. Measurement of LIPUS shows pressure variations in near field (nearby transducer); uniform profile was found beyond it (far field). Moreover, we have reported that the therapeutic effect of LIPUS is dependent on the axial distance of ultrasound beam in rat fracture model. However, the mechanisms of how different axial distances of LIPUS influence the mechanotransduction of bone cells are not understood. To understand the cellular mechanisms underlying far field LIPUS on enhanced fracture healing in rat model, the present study investigated the effect of ultrasound axial distances on (1) osteocyte, the mechanosensor, and (2) mechanotransduction between osteocyte and pre-osteoblast (bone-forming cell) through paracrine signaling. We hypothesized that far field LIPUS could enhance the osteogenic activities of osteoblasts via paracrine factors secreted from osteocytes. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of axial distances of LIPUS on osteocytes and osteocyte-osteoblast mechanotransduction. In this study, LIPUS (plane; 2.2 cm in diameter, 1.5MHz sine wave, ISATA=30 mW/cm(2)) was applied to osteocytes (mechanosensor) at three axial distances: 0mm (near field), 60mm (mid-near field) and 130 mm (far field). The conditioned medium of osteocytes (OCM) collected from these three groups were used to culture pre-osteoblasts (effector cell). In this study, (1) the direct effect of ultrasound fields on the mechanosensitivity of osteocytes; and (2) the osteogenic effect of different OCM treatments on pre-osteoblasts were assessed. The immunostaining results indicated the ultrasound beam at far field resulted in more â-catenin nuclear translocation in osteocytes than all other groups. This indicated that osteocytes could detect the acoustic differences of LIPUS at various axial distances. Furthermore, we found that the soluble factors secreted by far field LIPUS exposed osteocytes could further promote pre-osteoblasts cell migration, maturation (transition of cell proliferation into osteogenic differentiation), and matrix calcification. In summary, our results of this present study indicated that axial distance beyond near field could transmit ultrasound energy to osteocyte more efficiently. The LIPUS exposed osteocytes conveyed mechanical signals to pre-osteoblasts and regulated their osteogenic cellular activities via paracrine factors secretion. The soluble factors secreted by far field exposed osteocytes led to promotion in migration and maturation in pre-osteoblasts. This finding demonstrated the positive effects of far field LIPUS on stimulating osteocytes and promoting mechanotransduction between osteocytes and osteoblasts.
|
['Alkaline Phosphatase', 'Animals', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Fracture Healing', 'Mechanotransduction, Cellular', 'Mice', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Osteoblasts', 'Osteocytes', 'Staining and Labeling', 'Ultrasonic Therapy', 'Ultrasonography', 'beta Catenin']
| 24,560,187
|
[['D08.811.277.352.650.035'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['G16.762.891.500'], ['G01.154.090.500', 'G02.111.820.580', 'G04.835.580'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['A11.329.629'], ['A11.329.629.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670', 'E05.200.500.620.670', 'E05.200.750.600.670'], ['E02.565.280.945'], ['E01.370.350.850'], ['D12.776.091.249', 'D12.776.220.145.500', 'D12.776.930.130']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
UHPLC-UV/Vis Quantitative Analysis of Hydroxylated and O
|
A simple and rapid analytical UHPLC methodology with spectrophotometric (UV/Vis) detection, coupled with different extraction procedures, has been perfected to investigate the presence of biologically active O-prenylated umbelliferone derivatives, such as auraptene and umbelliprenin, in pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) seed extracts. Absolute ethanol was the most efficient extraction solvent in terms of yields, after a short ultrasound-assisted. The highest concentration values recorded under these experimental conditions were 1.99 ìg/g of dry extract and 6.53 ìg/g for auraptene and umbelliprenin, respectively. The parent metabolite umbelliferone was also detected (0.67 ìg/g). The extraction and UHPLC analytical methodology set up in the present study proved to be an efficient, powerful, and versatile technique for the simultaneous qualitative analysis and quantification of oxyprenylated coumarins in pomegranate seed extracts. The characterization of such secondary metabolites in the mentioned phytopreparation represents, to the best of our knowledge, the first example in the literature.
|
['Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Coumarins', 'Hydroxylation', 'Lythraceae', 'Plant Extracts', 'Prenylation', 'Seeds', 'Spectrophotometry', 'Umbelliferones']
| 31,121,819
|
[['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D03.383.663.283.446', 'D03.633.100.150.446'], ['G02.111.385', 'G02.607.348', 'G03.425'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.833.500'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['G02.111.672', 'G03.804'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775'], ['E05.196.712.726', 'E05.196.867.826'], ['D03.383.663.283.446.912', 'D03.633.100.150.446.912']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Modeling the interfacial tension in oil-water-nonionic surfactant mixtures using dissipative particle dynamics and self-consistent field theory.
|
We use two mesoscale simulation methods, dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) and self-consistent field theory (SCFT), to model interfacial tension in ternary oil/water/surfactant mixtures. For model systems where the oil is dodecane and the surfactant is a linear alkyl ethoxylate, the two methods show a good semiquantitative agreement among themselves and with experimental data. We further discuss the advantages and limitations of the two methods and their possible use for surfactant screening in specific industrial applications.
|
['Algorithms', 'Models, Chemical', 'Oils', 'Surface Tension', 'Surface-Active Agents', 'Thermodynamics', 'Water']
| 21,473,601
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E05.599.495'], ['D10.627'], ['G02.860.816'], ['D27.720.877'], ['G01.906'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Adequacy of Parenteral Nutrition in Preterm Infants According to Current Recommendations: A Study in A Spanish Hospital.
|
BACKGROUND: In preterm infants, it is important to ensure adequate nutritional intake to accomplish foetal growth requirements. This study evaluated clinical practice regarding the prescription of parenteral nutrition in preterm infants in the neonatology unit of a tertiary hospital.METHODS: It was a retrospective observational study of a sample of preterm infants (n = 155) born between January 2015 and December 2017 who were prescribed parenteral nutrition. Compliance with the hospital's protocol and with the guidelines of the scientific societies American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN), European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) and Spanish Society of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (SENPE) was evaluated. The differences in macronutrient intake and total duration of parenteral nutrition were analysed according to gestational age and birth weight.RESULTS: The established protocol was followed in a high percentage (95.5%-100%) except with respect to the initiation of supplying established trace elements (64.9%). Compliance with the recommendations set forth in the guidelines was between 82.1% and 100%, with the exception of the initial carbohydrate intake recommended by ASPEN and ESPEN, for which compliance was 8.3%. Lower gestational age and birth weight were correlated with longer duration of parenteral nutrition (p < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: A lower gestational age and birth weight are related to a longer duration of parenteral nutrition. The results of this study demonstrate the importance of developing and evaluating protocols in clinical practice.
|
['Birth Weight', 'Female', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Premature', 'Male', 'Parenteral Nutrition', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Spain']
| 32,210,085
|
[['C23.888.144.186', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.186', 'E05.041.124.160.750.149', 'G07.100.100.160.120.186', 'G07.345.249.314.120.186'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.703.520.520'], ['E02.421.505', 'E02.642.500.505'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['Z01.542.846']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
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