Title
stringlengths 1
395
⌀ | abstractText
stringlengths 57
5.98k
| meshMajor
stringlengths 14
1.03k
| pmid
int64 22
33.2M
| meshid
stringlengths 2
3.14k
| meshroot
stringlengths 2
421
| A
int64 0
1
| B
int64 0
1
| C
int64 0
1
| D
int64 0
1
| E
int64 0
1
| F
int64 0
1
| G
int64 0
1
| H
int64 0
1
| I
int64 0
1
| J
int64 0
1
| L
int64 0
1
| M
int64 0
1
| N
int64 0
1
| Z
int64 0
1
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Biomarkers of cardiac dysfunction and mortality from community-acquired pneumonia in adults.
|
BACKGROUND: Cardiac dysfunction is common in acute respiratory diseases and may influence prognosis. We hypothesised that blood levels of N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and high-sensitivity Troponin T would predict mortality in adults with community-acquired pneumonia.METHODS AND FINDINGS: A prospective cohort of 474 consecutive patients admitted with community-acquired pneumonia to two New Zealand hospitals over one year. Blood taken on admission was available for 453 patients and was analysed for NT-proBNP and Troponin T. Elevated levels of NT-proBNP (>220 pmol/L) were present in 148 (33%) and 86 (19%) of these patients respectively. Among the 26 patients who died within 30 days of admission, 23 (89%) had a raised NT-proBNP and 14 (53%) had a raised Troponin T level on admission compared to 125 (29%) and 72 (17%) of the 427 who survived (p values<0.001). Both NT-proBNP and Troponin T predicted 30-day mortality in age-adjusted analysis but after mutual adjustment for the other cardiac biomarker and the Pneumonia Severity Index, a raised N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide remained a predictor of 30-day mortality (OR = 5.3, 95% CI 1.4-19.8, p = 0.013) but Troponin T did not (OR = 1.3, 95% CI 0.5-3.2, p = 0.630). The areas under the receiver-operating curves to predict 30-day mortality were similar for NT-proBNP (0.88) and the Pneumonia Severity Index (0.87).CONCLUSIONS: Elevated N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide is a strong predictor of mortality from community-acquired pneumonia independent of clinical prognostic indicators. The pathophysiological basis for this is unknown but suggests that cardiac involvement may be an under-recognised determinant of outcome in pneumonia and may require a different approach to treatment. In the meantime, measurement of B-type natriuretic peptides may help to assess prognosis.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Biomarkers', 'Cohort Studies', 'Community-Acquired Infections', 'Female', 'Heart', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Natriuretic Peptide, Brain', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Pneumonia', 'ROC Curve', 'Troponin T']
| 23,667,500
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D23.101'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['C01.234'], ['A07.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D06.472.699.584.625', 'D12.644.548.585.625', 'D12.776.631.590'], ['D12.644.541'], ['C01.748.610', 'C08.381.677', 'C08.730.610'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['D05.500.945.962', 'D05.750.078.730.825.962', 'D12.776.210.500.910.962', 'D12.776.220.525.825.962']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Dual use of an amplatzer device in the transcatheter embolization of a large high-flow renal arteriovenous fistula.
|
Embolization procedures are now considered the first-line therapy in the treatment of renal arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs). However, a risk posed by the use of these minimally invasive techniques is the migration of occluding agents into the venous and pulmonary circulations. The risk is of particular importance for larger, high-flow fistulas. The authors describe a case in which an Amplatzer Vascular Plug (AVP) was opened upstream of a renal AVF in the dilated feeding artery and used as a filter and a buttress during coil embolization to prevent coil migration during the treatment of the large, high-flow renal AVF. It was then removed and used again as the final embolic device in the renal artery, performing a dual role in the closure of the renal AVF.
|
['Adult', 'Angiography', 'Arteriovenous Fistula', 'Embolization, Therapeutic', 'Equipment and Supplies', 'Foreign-Body Migration', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Renal Artery', 'Renal Veins', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 17,494,851
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.350.700.060', 'E01.370.370.050'], ['C14.240.850.750.147', 'C14.240.850.984.750', 'C14.907.150.125', 'C14.907.933.555', 'C16.131.240.850.750.125', 'C23.300.575.950.250'], ['E02.520.360', 'E02.926.500'], ['E07'], ['C26.392.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A07.015.114.745'], ['A07.015.908.752'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
An in vitro study to determine the effect of Terminalia chebula extract and its formulation on Streptococcus mutans.
|
AIM: Many weapons are available in the arsenal of a dental professional to combat dental caries, which is almost ubiquitously present. From a public health perspective, most of these weapons are far from being an ideal drug. Hence, there is a demand for better and effective antibacterial agents. This factor stimulated the process of the present study. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of ethanol extract of Terminalia chebula on Streptococcus mutans.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Dried ripe fruits of Terminalia chebula were procured and powdered. Physical tests were done to estimate purity of the fruit powder. Hydroethanolic and aqueous extracts were prepared according to standard procedures. Minimum inhibitory concentration of the extracts was determined by tube dilution method and confirmed by agar dilution method. The effect of the hydroethanolic extract on sucrose induced adhesion, glucan-induced aggregation and on glycolysis of Streptococcus mutans was also assessed. Preservative, gelling agent and sweetener were added in suitable quantities to the ethanol extract, and mouthrinse was formulated. Minimum inhibitory concentration of the formulation was also determined.RESULTS: Yield was better in case of aqueous extract. The Minimum inhibitory concentration of hydroethanolic extract was determined to be 2.5%. Minimum inhibitory concentration of the aqueous extract was determined to be 10%. Hydroethanolic extract of Terminalia chebula (2.5%) inhibited sucrose induced adherence and aggregation of Streptococcus mutans in vitro.CONCLUSION: The mouthrinse formulated from ethanol extract of Terminalia chebula demonstrated substantial antibacterial activity and could be used as an effective anticaries agent.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Terminalia chebula mouthrinse can be effectively used in clinical practice as an anticaries mouthrinse with additional benefit being that it is safe and economical.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bacterial Adhesion', 'Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium', 'Cariogenic Agents', 'Cariostatic Agents', 'Chemistry, Pharmaceutical', 'Ethanol', 'Fruit', 'Glucans', 'Glycolysis', 'Humans', 'Mannitol', 'Materials Testing', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Mouthwashes', 'Parabens', 'Phytotherapy', 'Plant Extracts', 'Polysaccharides, Bacterial', 'Preservatives, Pharmaceutical', 'Solvents', 'Streptococcus mutans', 'Sucrose', 'Sweetening Agents', 'Terminalia', 'Water']
| 25,307,806
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['G06.099.050'], ['D09.698.365.180.663.329'], ['D25.187', 'D27.720.102.187', 'J01.637.051.187'], ['D25.223', 'D27.505.696.706.222', 'D27.720.102.223', 'D27.720.799.113', 'J01.637.051.223'], ['H01.158.703.007', 'H01.181.466'], ['D02.033.375'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['D05.750.078.562', 'D09.698.365'], ['G02.111.158.750', 'G03.191.750', 'G03.295.436', 'G03.493.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.033.800.609', 'D09.853.609'], ['E05.570'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['D25.583', 'D27.720.102.583', 'D27.720.269.583', 'J01.637.051.583'], ['D02.241.223.100.300.460', 'D02.241.511.390.460', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.281.460', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.460'], ['E02.190.755'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D09.698.718', 'D23.050.161.616'], ['D26.650.702', 'D27.720.744.771'], ['D27.720.844'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.875.520', 'B03.510.400.800.872.875.520', 'B03.510.550.737.872.875.520'], ['D09.698.629.305.770', 'D09.947.750.770'], ['D27.720.372.300.353.609', 'G07.203.300.514.500.400.700', 'J02.500.514.500.400.700'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.228.583'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
In vitro osteogenic differentiation of adipose stem cells after lentiviral transduction with green fluorescent protein.
|
BACKGROUND: Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have the potential to differentiate into osteogenic cells that can be seeded into scaffolds for tissue engineering for use in craniofacial bone defects. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) has been widely used as a lineage marker for mammalian cells. The use of fluorescent proteins enables cells to be tracked during manipulation such as osteogenic differentiation within three-dimensional scaffolds. The purpose of this study was to examine whether ASCs introduced with GFP-encoding lentivirus vector exhibit adequate GFP fluorescence and whether the expression of GFP interfered with osteogenic differentiation of ASCs in both monolayer and three-dimensional scaffolds in vitro.METHODS: Primary ASCs were harvested from the inguinal fat pad of Sprague Dawley rats. Isolated ASCs were cultured and infected with a lentiviral vector encoding GFP and plated into both monolayers and three-dimensional scaffolds in vitro. The cells were then placed in osteogenic medium. Osteogenic differentiation of the GFP-ASCs was assessed using alizarin red S, alkaline phosphate staining, and immunohistochemistry staining of osteocalcin with quantification of alizarin red S and osteocalcin staining.RESULTS: The efficacy of infection of ASCs with a lentiviral vector encoding GFP was high. Cell-cultured GFP-ASCs remained fluorescent over the 8 weeks of the study period. The GFP-ASCs were successfully induced into osteogenic cells both in monolayers and three-dimensional scaffolds. Whereas the quanitification of alizarin red S revealed no difference between osteoinduced ASCs with or without GFP, the quantification of osteocalcin revealed increased staining in the GFP group.CONCLUSIONS: Transduction of isolated ASCs using a lentiviral vector encoding GFP is an effective method for tracing osteoinduced ASCs in vitro. Quantification data showed no decrease in staining of the osteoinduced ASCs.
|
['Adipose Tissue', 'Animals', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Lineage', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable', 'Green Fluorescent Proteins', 'Humans', 'Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells', 'Kidney', 'Lentivirus', 'Luminescent Agents', 'Male', 'Osteoblasts', 'Osteocalcin', 'Osteogenesis', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Tissue Engineering', 'Tissue Scaffolds', 'Transduction, Genetic']
| 19,934,675
|
[['A10.165.114'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.152'], ['G04.172', 'G07.345.500.325.180.500', 'G08.686.155', 'G08.686.784.170.104.249'], ['A11.251'], ['E07.858.740.300'], ['D12.776.532.265'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.872.040.500', 'A11.872.700.500'], ['A05.810.453'], ['B04.820.650.589'], ['D27.720.470.410.505'], ['A11.329.629'], ['D12.776.157.125.700'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.050.500.729', 'G11.427.578.050.500.729'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['E05.481.500.311.500', 'J01.293.069.249.500'], ['E07.206.627', 'E07.695.825'], ['E05.393.350.800', 'G05.728.850']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Use protocol to send inpatient holds upstairs.
|
A "full capacity" protocol requires that admitted patients being held in the ED are moved upstairs when the ED is at full capacity. Length of stay for admitted patients is reduced. Morale of ED nurses is improved. Inpatients receive better care when moved upstairs.
|
['Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Guidelines as Topic', 'Humans', 'Inpatients', 'New York', 'Patient Admission', 'Patient Transfer']
| 12,733,220
|
[['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['N04.761.700.350', 'N05.700.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.643.470'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.437', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530'], ['E02.760.400.600', 'N02.421.585.400.600'], ['E02.760.169.624', 'E02.760.400.630', 'N02.421.585.169.624', 'N02.421.585.400.630', 'N04.590.233.727.210.624']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Terra firma-forme dermatosis].
|
BACKGROUND: Terra firma-forme (i.e. resembling dry earth) is a condition chiefly affecting children wrongly considered as dermatosis arising out of negligence and inadequate corporal hygiene. It is in fact an acquired and asymptomatic grey-brown hyperpigmentation of the skin that persists despite normal washing with soap and water, but which subsides on rubbing with isopropyl alcohol 70%. Herein we report 10 new cases of this disorder.OBSERVATIONS: Ten patients aged between 7 months in 17 years were seen for acquired macular skin pigmentation, either brown or grey, fragmented and confluent. In six patients, this abnormality was the main reason for the consultation, generally on aesthetic grounds, and more rarely for diagnosis or suspicion of acanthosis nigricans. In all cases, questioning revealed normal hygiene measures. The condition comprised macular or acquired papular pigmentation, either brown or grey, of bilateral and symmetrical disposition and electively affecting the neck, trunk and retro-malleolar area of the ankles. Clinical examination together with a test involving rubbing with isopropyl alcohol 70° confirmed the diagnosis, revealing healthy underlying skin.DISCUSSION: Terra firma-forme dermatosis is frequently seen in clinical practice but is largely ignored in the French literature, possibly because of relevant indifference towards the condition. It affects both sexes equally, with no predilection for age or ethnicity, although it is classically seen to a greater extent during adolescence. Diagnosis of the condition, which is easily made thanks to the hyperpigmentation of dirty brown appearance on the neck and the ankles in particular, should not mislead the practitioner into blaming patients for supposedly deficient body hygiene. Knowledge of this form of dermatosis is useful because of its potentially harmful aesthetic and social effects, despite the ease of treatment by insistent rubbing of the affected areas with medical alcohol or ether. Early recognition also avoids pointless additional investigations associated with differential diagnosis in relation to various other acquired or hereditary dermatoses involving brown or grey pigmentation.
|
['2-Propanol', 'Acanthosis Nigricans', 'Adolescent', 'Ankle', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Comorbidity', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hygiene', 'Hyperpigmentation', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Neck', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Therapeutic Irrigation']
| 24,206,804
|
[['D02.033.755.615'], ['C17.800.621.430.530.100'], ['M01.060.057'], ['A01.378.610.050'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.547', 'N06.850.670'], ['C17.800.621.430'], ['M01.060.703'], ['A01.598'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E02.779.492.500', 'E02.831.535.492.500', 'E05.927']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Altered behavior and alcohol tolerance in transgenic mice lacking MAO A: a comparison with effects of MAO A inhibitor clorgyline.
|
The influence of deficiency of monoamine oxidase A (MAO A) gene and the lack of enzyme MAO A on the behavior of transgenic mouse strain (Tg8) was studied. It was shown that MAO-A-lacking mice differed from mice of the wild-type strain C3H/HeJ (C3H) by an attenuated acoustic startle response, prepulse inhibition (PPI) was unchanged. In Tg 8 mice, the exploratory nose-poking in the holeboard test as well as exploratory line crossing in the "light-dark" test were decreased. No effect of MAO A deficiency on locomotor activity was found. No alcohol preference or difference between Tg8 and C3H in ethanol consumption in the free-choice test has been found, although an increase in alcohol tolerance has been demonstrated. Ethanol-induced (0.3 g/100 g ip) sleep latency was longer, duration of sleep was shorter and ethanol hypothermia was reduced in MAO-A-lacking mice. Comparison of effects of MAO A knockout with those of irreversible MAO A inhibitor clorgyline (5 and 10 mg/kg ip) on C3H mice showed a similar reducing effect on ethanol-induced sleep, but potentiated ethanol-induced hypothermia. Clorgyline administration provoked a tendency to decrease of exploratory activity in the nose-poking test and decreased the frequency of exploratory rearings in the light-dark test. Clorgyline (5 and 10 mg/kg) did not affect the acoustic startle response, but a dose of 5 mg/kg diminished PPI. Therefore, Tg8 mice exhibited a decreased startle response and exploratory activity and an increased tolerance to ethanol. A similar increase in tolerance to ethanol-induced sleep and a tendency to decrease exploratory behavior were displayed by clorgyline. Other effects on behavior were different, suggesting the influence of long-lasting action of MAO A knockout and the involvement of a compensatory mechanism in Tg8 mice.
|
['Alcohol Drinking', 'Animals', 'Anxiety', 'Central Nervous System Depressants', 'Clorgyline', 'Drug Tolerance', 'Ethanol', 'Exploratory Behavior', 'Hypothermia', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C3H', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Monoamine Oxidase', 'Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors', 'Motor Activity', 'Reflex, Startle', 'Sleep']
| 11,166,062
|
[['F01.145.317.269'], ['B01.050'], ['F01.470.132'], ['D27.505.696.277', 'D27.505.954.427.210'], ['D02.092.831.180'], ['G07.690.773.992'], ['D02.033.375'], ['F01.145.387', 'F01.658.370'], ['C23.888.119.565'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.388', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.388'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['D08.811.682.664.750'], ['D27.505.519.389.616'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['E01.370.376.550.650.800', 'E01.370.600.550.650.800', 'F02.830.702.807', 'G11.561.731.869'], ['F02.830.855', 'G11.561.803']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of unesterified cholesterol on the activity of cholesteryl ester transfer protein.
|
Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) catalyses the transfer of cholesteryl ester from high-density lipoprotein to triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins and the transfer of triacylglycerols in the reverse direction. The activity of CETP has been studied using a continuous fluorescence assay which measures the excimer fluorescence of cholesteryl 1-pyrene decanoate in a synthetic donor microemulsion as the indicator of cholesteryl ester transfer. Emulsions were composed of cholesteryl oleate and egg phosphatidylcholine and had an average particle size of 14 +/- 1 nm as calculated from the molar volume of the components. The effect of changing the physical state of the emulsion surface was examined by including unesterified cholesterol in the donor and acceptor particles. The rate of CETP-induced transfer of the fluorescent cholesteryl ester between microemulsion particles increased when unesterified cholesterol was present at concentrations up to 17 mol% relative to phospholipid. The presence of cholesterol also changed the exchange kinetics from an apparent single-exponential to a double-exponential phenomenon. Binding of CETP to the emulsion surface was accompanied by an enhancement of fluorescence which was used to measure the binding equilibria. The enhancement of exchange due to the presence of cholesterol did not correlate with any increased binding of CETP to the emulsion surface. The presence of unesterified cholesterol in the donor did not affect the rate of transfer of the fluorescent cholesteryl ester when unlabelled emulsion was replaced by high-density lipoprotein as the acceptor. The studies demonstrate the use of microemulsions of defined size and composition for the study of the mechanism of action of CETP.
|
['Carrier Proteins', 'Cholesterol', 'Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins', 'Cholesterol Esters', 'Emulsions', 'Glycoproteins', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Phosphatidylcholines', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Tritium']
| 7,998,976
|
[['D12.776.157'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['D09.400.430.750', 'D12.776.124.197', 'D12.776.157.165', 'D12.776.395.199'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284.200', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197.200', 'D10.570.938.208.250'], ['D20.280.260', 'D26.255.165.260'], ['D09.400.430', 'D12.776.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.800'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['D01.268.406.875', 'D01.362.340.875', 'D01.496.749.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Significance of parasitic blood supply in malignant retroperitoneal tumours (author's transl)].
|
Twenty-one neoplastic retroperitoneal tumours- in particular Wilm's tumours and neuroblastomas of the suprarenal glands in children - are analyzed angiographically and the significance of the parasitic blood supply evaluated. More than half of the tumours had penetrating or perforating vessels, but in only 50% there were operative and histologic signs of tumour spread into neighbouring structures. The remaining tumours had vascular adhesions. A hint may be the demarcation and the slight vascularity of the tumours. The value of the presence of penetrating or perforating vessels must not be overestimated regarding the spread of the tumour and inoperability.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adrenal Gland Neoplasms', 'Adult', 'Angiography', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Ganglioneuroma', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'Retroperitoneal Neoplasms', 'Wilms Tumor']
| 6,261,432
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['C04.588.322.078', 'C19.053.347', 'C19.344.078'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.350.700.060', 'E01.370.370.050'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.355', 'C04.557.470.670.355', 'C04.557.580.625.600.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C04.588.945.947.535', 'C12.758.820.750', 'C12.777.419.473', 'C13.351.937.820.535', 'C13.351.968.419.473'], ['C04.588.033.731'], ['C04.557.435.595', 'C04.588.945.947.535.585', 'C04.700.900', 'C12.758.820.750.585', 'C12.777.419.473.585', 'C13.351.937.820.535.585', 'C13.351.968.419.473.585', 'C16.320.700.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
100 consecutive thyroidectomies performed by a single surgeon in an upstate South Carolina teaching hospital: an outcome analysis.
|
An experienced surgeon in a community hospital with surgical resident participation can perform thyroid surgery safely. An outcome analysis of 100 consecutive thyroidectomies showed a 1.2% incidence of permanent recurrent nerve injury and no cases of permanent hypo-parathyroidism. Temporary hypocalcemia was common (in total thyroidectomy patients) but was easily treated with oral calcium supplementation. Total thyroidectomy is an acceptable treatment for hyperthyroidism in those patients who are unable or unwilling to receive Radioiodine ablation.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Benchmarking', 'Female', 'Hospitals, Community', 'Humans', 'Hyperthyroidism', 'Internship and Residency', 'Male', 'Medical Audit', 'Middle Aged', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Risk Factors', 'Safety', 'South Carolina', 'Thyroidectomy', 'Utilization Review']
| 17,703,844
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['N04.452.500.150', 'N04.761.685.150', 'N04.761.700.150', 'N05.700.150', 'N05.715.360.650.150'], ['N02.278.421.306'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C19.874.397'], ['I02.358.337.350.500', 'I02.358.399.350.750'], ['N04.761.700.250.500', 'N05.700.175.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N06.850.135.060.075'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.662', 'Z01.107.567.875.750.700'], ['E04.270.856'], ['N04.761.879', 'N05.700.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Localization of Chinese acupuncture-moxibustion in the United States: the openness of modern acupuncture-moxibustion system].
|
The internationalization of Chinese acupuncture-moxibustion is inevitably accompanied by the localization of acupuncture-moxibustion. The localization of acupuncture-moxibustion will inevitably promote the diversified development of acupuncture-moxibustion technique and theory, which fully demonstrates the openness of modern acupuncture-moxibustion. In this study, the characteristics of localization of Chinese acupuncture-moxibustion in the United States are explored and studied from the following aspects: legal adjustment, technical adjustment, educational adjustment, service adjustment and theoretical adjustment.
|
['Acupuncture Therapy', 'Moxibustion', 'United States']
| 31,930,905
|
[['E02.190.044'], ['E02.190.044.588'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Isolation of mouse reticulocyte globin messenger ribonucleoprotein by affinity chromatography using oligo(T)-cellulose.
|
Mouse globin messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) has been isolated from reticulocyte polysomes by affinity chromatography to oligo(T)-cellulose, using a procedure modified from that of Lindberg and Sundquist. The messenger RNA and protein moieties fo the mRNP are indistinguishable from those isolated by less rapid techniques, such as zonal ultracentrifugation.
|
['Animals', 'Chromatography, Affinity', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Globins', 'Mice', 'Nucleoproteins', 'Polyribosomes', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Reticulocytes', 'Ribonucleoproteins']
| 1,052,540
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.181.400.170'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['D12.776.422.316'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.664'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811.740'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['A11.118.290.760', 'A11.148.790', 'A11.443.240.665', 'A15.145.229.334.760', 'A15.378.316.790'], ['D12.776.157.725.500', 'D12.776.664.962.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mechanical and electrical properties of smooth muscle cells and their regulations by endothelium-derived factors in the guinea pig coronary artery.
|
Effects of high K+, acetylcholine (ACh), 9,11-epithio-11,12-methanothromboxane A2 (STA2), thrombin and endothelin were investigated on smooth muscles of the guinea pig coronary artery in intact and endothelium-denuded tissues. In intact tissues, ACh transiently inhibited but ATP produced maintained inhibition of the STA2-induced contraction. However, in the endothelium-denuded tissue, ACh produced contraction and ATP inhibited the STA2-induced contraction. In intact tissues, thrombin produced dual actions on the STA2-induced contraction with an initial relaxation followed by contraction. In endothelium-denuded tissues, thrombin enlarged the STA2-induced contraction without transient relaxation. In intact tissues prepared from both proximal and distal regions, endothelin showed the same dual action as observed with thrombin, whereas higher concentrations of endothelin showed only contraction. In endothelium-denuded tissues, endothelin consistently produced contraction. In intact tissues prepared from proximal and distal regions, ACh produced a biphasic response (initial hyperpolarization and subsequently generated depolarization). The amplitudes of both potential changes occurred in a membrane potential-dependent manner. In endothelium-denuded tissues, ACh depolarized the membrane in both tissues. In intact and endothelium denuded tissues, ATP hyperpolarized the membrane in inverse proportion to the membrane potential level, whereas thrombin and endothelin consistently depolarized the membrane. The results indicate that ACh acts on endothelial and smooth muscle cells, and the former releases both EDRF and EDHF. ATP only acts on smooth muscle cells and hyperpolarizes the membrane. STA2, thrombin and endothelin act on both endothelial and smooth muscle cells. STA2 and endothelin may release EDRF but not EDHF, and thrombin may release EDRF and endothelin.
|
['Acetylcholine', 'Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Animals', 'Arteries', 'Coronary Vessels', 'Endothelins', 'Female', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Male', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscle, Smooth', 'Nitric Oxide']
| 2,087,000
|
[['D02.092.211.111'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114'], ['A07.015.114.269', 'A07.015.908.194'], ['D12.644.276.400', 'D12.776.467.400', 'D23.529.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['G11.427.494'], ['A02.633.570', 'A10.690.467'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evidence that L-carnitine and selenium supplementation reduces oxidative stress in phenylketonuric patients.
|
It is well established that the involvement of reactive species in the pathophysiology of several neurological diseases, including phenylketonuria (PKU), a metabolic genetic disorder biochemically characterized by elevated levels of phenylalanine (Phe). In previous studies, we verified that PKU patients (treated with a protein-restricted diet supplemented with a special formula not containing L-carnitine and selenium) presented high lipid and protein oxidative damage as well as a reduction of antioxidants when compared to the healthy individuals. Our goal in the present study was to evaluate the effect of Phe-restricted diet supplemented with L-carnitine and selenium, two well-known antioxidant compounds, on oxidative damage in PKU patients. We investigated various oxidative stress parameters in blood of 18 treated PKU patients before and after 6 months of supplementation with a special formula containing L-carnitine and selenium. It was verified that treatment with L-carnitine and selenium was capable of reverting the lipid peroxidation, measured by thiobarbituric acid-reactive species, and the protein oxidative damage, measured by sulfhydryl oxidation, to the levels of controls. Additionally, the reduced activity of glutathione peroxidase was normalized by the antioxidant supplementation. It was also verified a significant inverse correlation between lipid peroxidation and L-carnitine blood levels as well as a significant positive correlation between glutathione peroxidase activity and blood selenium concentration. In conclusion, our results suggest that supplementation of L-carnitine and selenium is important for PKU patients since it could help to correct the oxidative stress process which possibly contributes, at least in part, to the neurological symptoms found in phenylketonuric patients.
|
['Adolescent', 'Antioxidants', 'Carnitine', 'Dietary Supplements', 'Humans', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Phenylketonurias', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Selenium', 'Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances', 'Young Adult']
| 21,191,647
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D02.092.877.883.099'], ['G07.203.300.456', 'J02.500.456'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['C10.228.140.163.100.687', 'C16.320.565.100.766', 'C16.320.565.189.687', 'C18.452.132.100.687', 'C18.452.648.100.766', 'C18.452.648.189.687'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['D01.268.185.850', 'D01.578.700'], ['D02.047.700.700', 'D27.720.470.410.750'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Salvage Completion Pancreatectomies as Damage Control for Post-pancreatic Surgery Complications: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis.
|
BACKGROUND: Post-pancreatic surgical morbidity is frequent but often manageable by less invasive means than re-operation. Yet, some complications can become hazardous and life threatening. Herein, the results of a completion pancreatectomy (CP) to cope with severe post-operative pancreatic fistulas (POPF) and bleeding complications after major pancreatic resections for suspected pancreatic malignancy are presented.METHODS: CPs to treat severe post-pancreatic index-surgery complications between January 2002 and January 2012 were selected out of a prospective database. Indications for CP as well as perioperative data were prospectively collected and retrospectively assessed.RESULTS: In 20 of 521 Kausch-Whipple Resections (3.8%), a CP was necessary to treat post-index surgery morbidity. Indications included insufficiency of the pancreaticojejunal anastomosis with resulting POPF in 14 (70.0%) patients, severe bleeding complications in 6 (30.0%) patients, and a severe portal vein thrombosis in 1 (5.0%) patient. In 7 (35.0%) of the 20 patients, the course was complicated by remnant pancreatitis. Eleven (55.0%) of the 20 patients died during the hospital stay. Median time to re-operation did not significantly differ between survivors and in-hospital deaths (10.0 vs. 8.0 days; p = 0.732). Median hospital stay of the surviving patients was 31.0 (range 10-113) days. Re-operations following CPs were necessary in 5 (55.6%) of the 9 patients who survived and in 9 (81.8%) out of 11 patients who died.CONCLUSIONS: Post-pancreatic resection complications can become hazardous and result in severely ill patients requiring maximum therapy. CP in these cases has a high mortality but serves as an ultima ratio to cope with deleterious complications.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Anastomotic Leak', 'Female', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Humans', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreas', 'Pancreatectomy', 'Pancreatic Fistula', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Pancreaticojejunostomy', 'Pancreatitis', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Postoperative Hemorrhage', 'Reoperation', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Salvage Therapy']
| 25,651,954
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C23.550.767.071'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.400', 'N01.224.935.698.400', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.400', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A03.734'], ['E04.210.752'], ['C06.267.775', 'C06.689.583', 'C23.300.575.185.775'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['E04.035.703', 'E04.210.762'], ['C06.689.750'], ['C23.550.767'], ['C23.550.414.941', 'C23.550.767.850'], ['E04.690'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E02.895']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Selective cytotoxicity of withaphysalins in myeloid leukemia cell lines versus peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
|
Withaphysalins are C(28)-steroidal lactones structurally based on the ergostane skeleton that possess antiproliferative activity against tumor cell lines. In the present study, the antileukemic actvity of withaphysalin O (1), M (2), and N (3) isolated from Acnistus arborescens, against two leukemic cell lines, HL-60 and K562, was evaluated, and the cytotoxicity compared with the effects on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). All tested compounds reduced the number of viable cells of the tumor cell lines after 24 h of exposure, except for compound 2 against the K562 cell line. The reduction was time-and concentration-dependent, and the IC(50) values ranged from 0.7 to 3.5 microM after 72 h of incubation. In addition to the growth inhibitory properties, the drugs decreased DNA synthesis after 24 h of drug exposure evaluated by the 5-bromo-2 -deoxyuridine incorporation method. None of the tested compounds reduced the number of PBMC (IC(50)>20 microM) after 72 h of incubation, in contrast to doxorubicin that decreased viable cells and increased non-viable cells even after 24 h of incubation. Morphological analysis of treated cells using hematoxylin/eosin staining indicated the presence of necrotic cells for all tested compounds in HL-60, confirmed by the use of acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining. In addition to necrotic cells, K562 cells showed morphological alterations consistent with apoptosis.
|
['Apoptosis', 'Caspase 3', 'Caspases', 'Cell Proliferation', 'DNA Replication', 'Ergosterol', 'HL-60 Cells', 'Humans', 'Leukemia, Myeloid', 'Leukocytes, Mononuclear', 'Secosteroids']
| 16,824,549
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126.350.300', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126.350.300', 'D12.644.360.075.405.350.300', 'D12.776.476.075.405.350.300'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126', 'D12.644.360.075.405', 'D12.776.476.075.405'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.537'], ['A11.251.210.190.465', 'A11.251.860.180.465', 'A11.627.340.360.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.337.539'], ['A11.118.637.555', 'A15.145.229.637.555', 'A15.382.490.555'], ['D04.210.500.812']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Poor glycemic control is a strong predictor of postoperative morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing vascular surgery.
|
OBJECTIVE: Hyperglycemia is a common occurrence in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery. It has been identified in several surgical cohorts that improved perioperative glycemic control reduced postoperative morbidity and mortality. A significant portion of the population with peripheral arterial disease suffers from the sequelae of diabetes or metabolic syndrome. A paucity of data exists regarding the relationship between perioperative glycemic control and postoperative outcomes in vascular surgery patients. The objective of this study was to better understand this relationship and to determine which negative perioperative outcomes could be abated with improved glycemic control.METHODS: This is a retrospective review of a vascular patient database at a large academic center from 2009 to 2013. Eligible procedures included carotid endarterectomy and stenting, endovascular and open aortic aneurysm repair, and all open bypass revascularization procedures. Data collected included standard demographics, outcome parameters, and glucose levels in the perioperative period. Perioperative hyperglycemia was defined as at least one glucose value >180 mg/dL within 72 hours of surgery. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality, with secondary outcomes of complications, need to return to the operating room, and readmission.RESULTS: Of the total 1051 patients reviewed, 366 (34.8%) were found to have perioperative hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemic patients had a higher 30-day mortality (5.7% vs 0.7%; P < .01) and increased rates of acute renal failure (4.9% vs 0.9%; P < .01), postoperative stroke (3.0% vs 0.7%; P < .01), and surgical site infections (5.7% vs 2.6%; P = .01). In addition, these patients were also more likely to undergo readmission (12.3% vs 7.9%; P = .02) and reoperation (6.3% vs 1.8%; P < .01). Furthermore, multivariable logistic regression demonstrated that perioperative hyperglycemia had a strong association with increased 30-day mortality and multiple negative postoperative outcomes, including myocardial infarction, stroke, renal failure, and wound complications.CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates a strong association between perioperative glucose control and 30-day mortality in addition to multiple other postoperative outcomes after vascular surgery.
|
['Aged', 'Biomarkers', 'Blood Glucose', 'Databases, Factual', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyperglycemia', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Readmission', 'Reoperation', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vascular Surgical Procedures']
| 30,459,015
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.101'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.952'], ['D27.505.696.422'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.400.620', 'N02.421.585.400.620'], ['E04.690'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E04.100.814']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The diagnostic performance of a novel ELISA for human CTP (Cochlin-tomoprotein) to detect perilymph leakage.
|
Perilymphatic fistula is defined as an abnormal communication between the perilymph-filled space and the middle ear, or cranial spaces. The manifestations include a broad spectrum of neuro-otological symptoms such as hearing loss, vertigo/dizziness, disequilibrium, aural fullness, tinnitus, and cognitive dysfunction. By sealing the fistula, perilymphatic fistula is a surgically correctable disease. Also, appropriate recognition and treatment of perilymphatic fistula can improve a patient's condition and hence the quality of life. However, the difficulty in making a definitive diagnosis due to the lack of an appropriate biomarker to detect perilymph leakage has caused a long-standing debate regarding its management. We have reported a clinical test for the diagnosis of perilymphatic fistula by detecting a perilymph specific protein, Cochlin-tomoprotein, as a diagnostic marker using a western blot. The aim of this study is to establish an ELISA-based human Cochlin-tomoprotein detection test and to evaluate its diagnostic accuracy in clinical subjects. The results of ELISA showed good dilution reproducibility. The mean concentration was 49.7±9.4 of 10 perilymph samples. The ROC curve in differentiating the perilymph leakage condition from the normal middle ear was significant (P < 0.001) with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.918 (95% CI 0.824-0.100). We defined the diagnostic criteria as follows: CTP<0.4 negative; 0.4?CTP<0.8 intermediate; 0.8?CTP(ng/ml) positive in the clinical usage of the hCTP ELISA, and sensitivity and specificity were 86.4% and 100%, respectively. We further tested the expression specificity of the Cochlin-tomoprotein by testing blood and CSF samples. The concentration was below the detection limit (0.2 ng/ml) in 38 of the 40 blood, and 14 of the 19 CSF samples. We report the accuracy of this test for the diagnosis of perilymphatic fistula. Using ELISA, we can improve the throughput of the test. Furthermore, it is useful for a large-scale study to characterize the clinical picture and delineate the management of this medical condition.
|
['Blotting, Western', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Extracellular Matrix Proteins', 'Humans', 'Perilymph']
| 29,377,910
|
[['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['D12.776.860.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A12.207.270.517.678']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparison of the effect of glycerol and triamcinolone acetonide on cumulative skin irritation in a randomized trial.
|
BACKGROUND: So-called anti-irritants are added to cosmetic formulations because of their alleged beneficial effect on irritated skin. Documentation for these claims is often limited. However, glycerol has shown anti-irritant properties in experimentally induced irritation from sodium lauryl sulfate and nonanoic acid (NON). This study was designed to further substantiate that glycerol added to cosmetic formulations has an anti-irritant effect on experimentally induced skin irritation.OBJECTIVE: We sought to compare glycerol with triamcinolone acetonide as treatments for cutaneous irritation in human volunteers.METHODS: Irritation was induced by 3 daily arm washes for a week with 10% sodium lauryl sulfate on one arm and 30% NON on the other. To maintain irritation, for the next 12 days volunteers washed their arms twice daily with the irritants. Treatments were applied immediately after washing. The treatments (including vehicle and no treatment) were randomized to sites using a Latin square design. The reactions were evaluated clinically and instrumentally.LIMITATIONS: Study was designed to only detect potent anti-irritants.CONCLUSION: Glycerol reduced the irritant effect of both sodium lauryl sulfate and NON, whereas triamcinolone acetonide appeared to have beneficial effect only on the irritation induced by NON. The study provided experimental documentation for the claim that glycerol has anti-irritant effect in a cosmetic formulation.
|
['Adult', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents', 'Colorimetry', 'Cosmetics', 'Cryoprotective Agents', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Glycerol', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Skin', 'Skin Irritancy Tests', 'Triamcinolone Acetonide', 'Water Loss, Insensible']
| 17,156,893
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.158'], ['E05.196.922.250'], ['D27.720.269', 'J01.516.213'], ['D27.505.696.706.320', 'D27.720.799.180'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['D02.033.800.875.500', 'D09.853.875.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A17.815'], ['E05.940.790.500'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.915.715', 'D04.210.500.908.891.927'], ['G02.111.635.500.750', 'G03.615.500.750', 'G07.410.810.500.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Preventing infant deaths: a descriptive study of one high-risk neighborhood.
|
This study examines whether 72 infant deaths in one urban neighborhood in one year could have been prevented and if so, how. The neighborhood was targeted for a Maternal and Child Health Block Grant demonstration project because of its combination of low income and high rates of unemployment, teenage births, and infant mortality. Using a replicable set of decision rules, a committee consisting of a practicing obstetrician, a psychologist, and a social worker-epidemiologist used linked birth and death certificates to determine whether each death might have been prevented using available resources. Our criteria were designed to be somewhat conservative, in that no death was ruled preventable unless the evidence available from the birth or death certificate suggested that an available resource had clearly been called for and had not been used. Our results indicated that 25 percent of these infant deaths might have been prevented through the provision of maternal or infant transport, adequate prenatal care, immediate medical care, or alteration of the family environment. Each intervention is discussed in light of the particular circumstances of the neighborhood and current financial and political limitations.
|
['Child Health Services', 'Decision Trees', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant Mortality', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Louisiana', 'Maternal Health Services', 'Preventive Health Services', 'Risk Factors', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Urban Population']
| 3,452,359
|
[['N02.421.143.130'], ['G17.162.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.475', 'N01.224.935.698.489', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.475', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.475'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['Z01.107.567.875.750.480'], ['N02.421.143.620', 'N02.421.800.500'], ['N02.421.726'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['N01.600.900']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The purinergic receptor P2X7 role in control of Dengue virus-2 infection and cytokine/chemokine production in infected human monocytes.
|
Purinergic signaling has a crucial role in intracellular pathogen elimination. The P2X7 purinergic receptor (P2X7R), once activated by ATP, leads to pro-inflammatory responses including reactive oxygen species production. ATP can be released by injured cells, as endogenous danger signals. Dengue fever may evolve to a severe disease, leading to hypovolemic shock and coagulation dysfunctions as a result of a cytokine storm. Our aim was to evaluate the role of P2X7R activation during Dengue virus (DENV) infection. Extracellular ATP inhibited viral load in pretreated monocytes, as measured by NS1 secretion and by decrease in DENV(+) P2X7(+) cell frequencies, suggesting that P2X7R is involved in the antiviral response. Nitric oxide (NO) has anti-DENV properties and is decreased after DENV infection. NO production after ATP stimulation is abrogated by KN62 treatment, a specific P2X7R inhibitor, indicating that P2X7R likely is acting in the virus containment process. Additionally, TNF, CXCL8, CCL2 and CXCL10 factors that are associated with dengue severity were modulated by the P2X7R activation. We conclude that P2X7R is directly involved in the modulation of the antiviral and inflammatory process that occurs during DENV infection in vitro, and may have an important role in patient recovery in a first moment.
|
['1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine', 'Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chemokines', 'Cytokines', 'Dengue', 'Dengue Virus', 'Humans', 'Monocytes', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Receptors, Purinergic P2X7', 'Viral Load']
| 26,969,484
|
[['D02.886.590.700.545', 'D03.383.606.527', 'D03.633.100.531.400'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.644.276.374.200', 'D12.776.467.374.200', 'D23.125.300', 'D23.469.200', 'D23.529.374.200'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['C01.920.500.270', 'C01.925.081.270', 'C01.925.782.350.250.214', 'C01.925.782.417.214'], ['B04.820.578.344.350.270'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.750.700', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.600.700', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.600.700', 'D12.776.543.750.695.700.720.250.700', 'D12.776.543.750.720.700.720.500.700'], ['E01.370.225.875.950', 'E05.200.875.950', 'G06.920.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[The utility of thermistor attached tracheal tube for pediatric patients in cardiac surgery].
|
During cardiac surgery, esophageal, rectal, or bladder temperature is usually monitored as an index of core temperature; however, these methods are invasive, and often inconsistently reflect the central body temperature, especially in pediatric patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of tracheal temperature monitoring during cardiac surgery in pediatric patients. Fifteen children (ages; 8 m.-7 yr.) undergoing cardiac surgery with cardio-pulmonary bypass (CPB) were studied. Anesthesia was induced and maintained with high doses of fentanyl and intermittent doses of midazolam. After anesthetic induction, esophageal, rectal, bladder, tympanic, and forehead deep temperatures were monitored with a Core Temp Monitor (CTM-205, Terumo Co.). Simultaneously, the tracheal temperature was monitored with a specially made tracheal tube. A thermistor was attached by medical glue (Loctite Prism, Loctite Co.) at the anterior surface of a tracheal tube (Trachelon, Terumo Co.) without cuff (inside diameter 4.0-6.0 mm) where the tracheal tube tightly fits against the trachea. The inspired gas was warmed to 35 degrees C and humidified. During CPB, the blood temperature at the inlet to the patients was also recorded simultaneously. All indicated temperatures (Y) during CPB were analyzed for correlation with the blood temperature to the patients (X). The tracheal temperature had the highest correlation with the blood temperature from the patients (Y = 0.68X + 10.60, r = 0.89). There were also good correlations of the esophageal as well as bladder temperatures with blood temperature. There were no patients who suffered tracheal inflammation or laryngeal edema from the thermistor. Monitoring tracheal temperature is not only valuable for monitoring the core temperature, but also is convenient for pediatric patients in cardiac surgery.
|
['Anesthesia, General', 'Biosensing Techniques', 'Body Temperature', 'Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Cardiopulmonary Bypass', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Intubation, Intratracheal', 'Male', 'Monitoring, Physiologic']
| 7,474,320
|
[['E03.155.197'], ['E05.601.043'], ['E01.370.600.875.374', 'G07.110'], ['E04.100.376', 'E04.928.220'], ['E04.292.413'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E02.041.500', 'E02.585.578', 'E05.497.578'], ['E01.370.520']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Different effects of depolarization and muscarinic stimulation on the Ca2+/force relationship during the contraction-relaxation cycle in the guinea pig ileum.
|
The effects of K+ depolarization and of the muscarinic agonist carbachol on [Ca2+]i and force were investigated in smooth muscle sheets of the longitudinal layer of the ileum loaded with Fura-2. K(+)-rich solutions increased [Ca2+]i and force to an initial peak value, which was determined by the concentration of [K+]o. Thereafter, [Ca2+]i and force declined to a lower maintained level. The Ca2+/force relationship observed during this contraction-relaxation cycle is represented by a clockwise hysteresis loop. At 140 mM [K+]o, this loop consisted of three components while at lower [K+]o a two-component loop was observed. The stimulation with 0.1 mM carbachol resulted in a transient increase of [Ca2+]i and force followed by a continuous decline of these parameters despite the presence of the drug. Its EC50 of relaxation was around 270 nM [Ca2+]i. The Ca2+/force relationship proceeded along a counterclockwise hysteresis loop during the contraction-relaxation cycle. The extent of this loop decreased but remained unaltered in its direction during repeated stimulation with carbachol. These results suggest that (a) both agonists increase force and [Ca2+]i during stimulation; (b) during depolarization with K+, desensitization to CA2+ occurs resulting in a clockwise hysteresis loop; (c) during carbachol stimulation, a counterclockwise hysteresis is observed. This could be due to an increased sensitivity to Ca2+ mainly in tonic smooth muscle. These observations might be explained by a modulation of the Ca2+ sensitivity by sensitizing and desensitizing mechanisms. These modulations during different stimuli could be due to different myosin light-chain kinase/myosin light-chain phosphatase ratios.
|
['Animals', 'Calcium', 'Carbachol', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Ileum', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscle Relaxation', 'Muscle, Smooth', 'Potassium', 'Receptors, Muscarinic']
| 2,352,839
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D02.092.877.883.333.115', 'D02.675.276.232.115'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['A03.556.124.684.249', 'A03.556.249.124'], ['G11.427.494'], ['G11.427.494.554'], ['A02.633.570', 'A10.690.467'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.475', 'D12.776.543.750.720.360.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Phoneme frequency effects in jargon aphasia: a phonological investigation of nonword errors.
|
This study investigates the nonwords produced by a jargon speaker, LT. Despite presenting with severe neologistic jargon, LT can produce discrete responses in picture naming tasks thus allowing the properties of his jargon to be investigated. This ability was exploited in two naming tasks. The first showed that LT's nonword errors are related to their targets despite being generally unrecognizable. This relatedness appears to be a general property of his errors suggesting that they are produced by lexical rather than nonlexical means. The second naming task used a set of stimuli controlled for their phonemic content. This allowed an investigation of target phonology at the level of individual phonemes. Nonword responses maintained the English distribution of consonants and showed a significant relationship to the target phonologies. A strong influence of phoneme frequency was identified. High frequency consonants showed a pattern of frequent but indiscriminate use. Low frequency consonants were realised less often but were largely restricted to target related contexts rarely appearing as error phonology. The findings are explained within a lexical activation network with the proposal that the resting levels of phoneme nodes are frequency sensitive. Predictions for the recovery of jargon aphasia and suggestions for future investigations are made.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aphasia, Wernicke', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Periodicity', 'Phonetics', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Vocabulary']
| 12,681,351
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C10.597.606.150.500.800.100.166', 'C23.888.592.604.150.500.800.100.166'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.910.645', 'G07.180.562'], ['L01.559.598.518'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['L01.559.598.901']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Developmental acquisition of genome-wide DNA methylation occurs prior to meiosis in male germ cells.
|
The development of germ cells is a highly ordered process that begins during fetal growth and is completed in the adult. Epigenetic modifications that occur in germ cells are important for germ cell function and for post-fertilization embryonic development. We have previously shown that male germ cells in the adult mouse have a highly distinct epigenetic state, as revealed by a unique genome-wide pattern of DNA methylation. Although it is known that these patterns begin to be established during fetal life, it is not known to what extent DNA methylation is modified during spermatogenesis. We have used restriction landmark genomic scanning (RLGS) and other techniques to examine DNA methylation at multiple sites across the genome during postnatal germ cell development in the mouse. Although a significant proportion of the distinct germ cell pattern is acquired prior to the type A spermatogonial stage, we find that both de novo methylation and demethylation occur during spermatogenesis, mainly in spermatogonia and spermatocytes in early meiotic prophase I. Alterations include predominantly non-CpG island sequences from both unique loci and repetitive elements. These modifications are progressive and are almost exclusively completed by the end of the pachytene spermatocyte stage. These studies better define the developmental timing of genome-wide DNA methylation pattern acquisition during male germ cell development.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'CpG Islands', 'DNA Methylation', 'DNA Primers', 'Epigenesis, Genetic', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Genome', 'Genomic Imprinting', 'Male', 'Meiosis', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid', 'Spermatocytes', 'Spermatogenesis', 'Spermatogonia']
| 17,559,830
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.570.080.380.160', 'G05.360.080.380.160', 'G05.360.340.024.159'], ['G02.111.035.538.161', 'G02.111.218', 'G03.059.538.161', 'G05.206'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['G05.308.203'], ['G05.308.310'], ['G05.360.340'], ['G05.308.203.500'], ['G04.144.220.220.687', 'G05.113.220.687'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['G02.111.570.080.708', 'G05.360.080.708'], ['A05.360.490.890.880', 'A11.497.760.700'], ['G04.152.650.624', 'G08.686.784.310.760'], ['A05.360.490.890.900', 'A11.497.760.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prolonged pertussis toxin treatment affects morphine's action on tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic neuron activity and on prolactin secretion.
|
The effects of pertussis toxin (PTX) pretreatment on basal and morphine-affected changes of tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic (TIDA) neuron activity and serum prolactin level were tested in this study. Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats, ovariectomized and treated with a long-acting estrogen (polyestradiol phosphate, 0.1 mg/rat, s.c.), were used. The activity of TIDA neurons was determined by measuring the turnover rate of dopamine (DA), and the concentrations of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) or 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) in the median eminence. Acute (30-90 min) treatment of PTX had no significant effect on any of the parameters measured. Prolonged (24 h) treatment of PTX significantly reduced morphine's inhibitory effect on TIDA neuron activity (using DOPA, but not DOPAC as the index), and stimulatory effect on PRL release. Basal TIDA neuron activity as determined by median eminence DOPAC concentration, DOPA accumulation, or DA rate constant was not significantly altered by PTX. Median eminence DA level, however, was significantly reduced. These results suggest that a pertussis toxin-sensitive GTP-binding protein may be responsible for the maintenance of TIDA neurons, and for mediation of the inhibitory effect of morphine on TIDA neuron activity, and in turn, the stimulation of prolactin secretion.
|
['3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid', 'Animals', 'Cerebral Ventricles', 'Delayed-Action Preparations', 'Dopamine', 'Drug Interactions', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Hypothalamus, Middle', 'Injections, Intraventricular', 'Kinetics', 'Median Eminence', 'Morphine', 'Neurons', 'Ovariectomy', 'Pertussis Toxin', 'Prolactin', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Time Factors', 'Virulence Factors, Bordetella']
| 8,842,396
|
[['D02.241.223.601.220'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211.140'], ['D26.255.210', 'E02.319.300.253'], ['D02.092.211.215.406', 'D02.092.311.342', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['A08.186.211.180.497.352', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352'], ['E02.319.267.530.550'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['A06.688.178.750', 'A06.688.357.500', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.249', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.249', 'A08.713.049.750', 'A08.713.357.500'], ['D03.132.577.249.562.571', 'D03.605.497.607.587', 'D03.633.400.686.607.587', 'D04.615.723.795.576.571'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['E04.270.282.685', 'E04.950.165.685', 'E04.950.300.680'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.115.680', 'D23.946.123.946.690', 'D23.946.896.980.690'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.773', 'D06.472.699.631.525.525', 'D12.644.548.691.525.525'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D23.946.123.946', 'D23.946.896.980']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Clinical case of the month. Mental confusion due to the administration of tramadol in a patient treated with MOAI].
|
However currently less used, MAOI (monoamine-oxidase inhibitor) antidepressants have specific indications like refractory or atypical depressions. The main difficulties related to MAOI therapy consist in their potentially very dangerous interactions with certain foods on the one side, many medications on the other side. For example, we report the case of a patient treated for a resistant depression by phenelzine (Nardelzine) who presented a severe delirium after the administration of tramadol (Contramal, Dolzam). This case shows the importance of particular attention before the association of any drug in a patient treated by MAOI.
|
['Confusion', 'Drug Interactions', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors', 'Narcotics', 'Phenelzine', 'Tramadol']
| 10,686,795
|
[['C10.597.606.337', 'C23.888.592.604.339', 'F01.700.250'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D27.505.519.389.616'], ['D27.505.696.277.600', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.760', 'D27.505.954.427.040.550', 'D27.505.954.427.210.600'], ['D02.442.700'], ['D02.033.415.510.500.802', 'D02.092.668.387.750', 'D10.289.510.500.802']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Multi-component synthesis of trimetallic tetranuclear clusters [Cu(L)(H(2)O)](2)Ln(H(2)O)(2)Cr(C(2)O(4))(3).12H(2)O (H(2)L = 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotradecane-2,3-dione, Ln(3+) = Gd, Tb and Dy).
|
Novel tetranuclear Cu(ii)-Ln(iii)-Cr(iii) complexes with oxamidate and oxalate bridges have been prepared using [Cu(L)], LnCl(3).6H(2)O and K(3)[Cr(ox)(3)] components (ox(2-) = oxalate) during the development of new multimetallic complexes as molecular magnets. Overall ferromagnetic properties have been observed in the Cu(2)GdCr compound, and no single-magnet behavior has been found in the Cu(2)TbCr and Cu(2)DyCr compounds.
|
['Chromium', 'Coordination Complexes', 'Copper', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Dysprosium', 'Gadolinium', 'Lanthanoid Series Elements', 'Magnetics', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Organometallic Compounds', 'Oxalates', 'Oxamic Acid', 'Temperature', 'Terbium']
| 20,714,551
|
[['D01.268.556.175', 'D01.268.956.124', 'D01.552.544.175'], ['D01.234', 'D02.257'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['D01.268.558.362.374', 'D01.552.550.399.374'], ['D01.268.558.362.484', 'D01.552.550.399.484'], ['D01.268.558.362', 'D01.552.550.399'], ['H01.671.493'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['D02.691'], ['D02.241.081.337.593'], ['D02.241.152.367.600', 'D12.125.730'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['D01.268.558.362.968', 'D01.552.550.399.968']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of thyroid hormone on GLUT4 glucose transporter gene expression and NIDDM in rats.
|
Previous studies have shown that T3 coordinately stimulates GLUT4-glucose transporter messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression in mixed fiber-type skeletal muscle of the rat and produces a concomitant elevation in basal (noninsulin mediated) glucose uptake. The aim of the present study was to 1) determine the precise mechanism(s) for the T3-induced expression of GLUT4 in skeletal muscle, and 2) investigate the potential benefits of T3 on noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Ten daily ip injections of T3 (100 micrograms/100 g BW) administered to hypothyroid male Sprague-Dawley rats, increased both GLUT4 mRNA and transcription approximately 70% (P < 0.05) in mixed fiber-type hindlimb skeletal muscle. Transcriptional induction was subsequently defined to be restricted to red (oxidative) muscle fibers (2.5-fold; P < 0.05), whereas GLUT4 protein was increased in both red and white (glycolytic) skeletal muscle. GLUT4 mRNA and protein expression were similarly inducible in the skeletal muscle of insulin-resistant Zucker rats. More importantly, T3 treatment totally ameliorated hyperinsulinemia in obese animals (P < 0.001), although their moderately elevated plasma glucose levels were not significantly altered. In conclusion, regulation of GLUT4 expression by T3 was shown to lie at the transcriptional level in red skeletal muscle, whereas in white muscle fiber types, it appears to operate via an alternative posttranscriptional mechanism. These data also support the potential of hormonally inducing glucose transporter expression in insulin-resistant muscle. However, high levels of T3 are associated with a number of adverse side-effects, in particular the stimulation of hepatic gluconeogenesis. Nevertheless, future studies may demonstrate, e.g. subthyrotoxic levels, to be similarly effective but without side effects, and thus perhaps find a clinical application in reducing both hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia in NIDDM.
|
['Animals', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Gene Expression', 'Glucose Transporter Type 4', 'Hindlimb', 'Hyperinsulinism', 'Male', 'Monosaccharide Transport Proteins', 'Muscle Fibers, Skeletal', 'Muscle Proteins', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Obesity', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Rats, Zucker', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Triiodothyronine']
| 9,048,628
|
[['B01.050'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['G05.297'], ['D12.776.157.530.500.500.937', 'D12.776.157.530.937.563.937', 'D12.776.543.585.500.500.937', 'D12.776.543.585.937.625.937'], ['A13.473'], ['C18.452.394.968'], ['D12.776.157.530.500', 'D12.776.543.585.500'], ['A10.690.552.500.500', 'A11.620.249'], ['D12.776.210.500'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.550.700'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['D06.472.931.740.385', 'D12.125.072.050.767.741.894']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Designing equivalent treatment regimens for prostate radiotherapy based on equivalent uniform dose.
|
The purpose of this work was to determine alternative radiotherapy (RT) regimens that are biologically equivalent to clinically proven treatments using different RT modalities or different fractionation schemes. The concept of equivalent uniform dose (EUD) is used with the linear quadratic model to determine equivalent treatment regimens using two representative sets of parameters derived from clinical data: (i) alpha/beta = 3.1 Gy and alpha = 0.15 Gy(-1), and (ii) alpha/beta = 1.5 Gy and alpha = 0.04 Gy(-1). The EUD values for the critical structure (rectum) are also calculated. Representative dose volume histograms were used to account for dose inhomogeneities for different RT modalities. A series of alternative and equivalent fractionation regimens that can be used with different radiotherapy modalities for localized prostate cancer were determined. For example, the alternative regimens, calculated with the alpha/beta ratio of 3.1 Gy, that would be biologically equivalent to external beam RT (EBRT) of 76 Gy (38x2.0 Gy) include: EBRT hypofractionation of 21x3.0 Gy; I-125 implant of 156 Gy; Pd-103 implant of 128 Gy; high dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy of 4x10.5 Gy; I-125 implant of 65 Gy combined with EBRT of 23x2.0 Gy; and HDR brachytherapy of 3x5.9 Gy combined with EBRT of 23x2.0 Gy. Similar data for other parameters are also presented. With caution, the data presented may be useful in designing clinical trials to explore new RT strategies, such as image-guided intensity-modulated RT.
|
['Brachytherapy', 'Dose Fractionation, Radiation', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Models, Biological', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Radiation Dosage', 'Radiotherapy', 'Radiotherapy Dosage', 'Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted', 'Rectum']
| 18,039,721
|
[['E02.815.150'], ['E02.815.639.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['E05.799.513', 'G01.750.740', 'N06.850.810.250'], ['E02.815'], ['E02.815.639'], ['E02.950.825', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.608'], ['A03.556.124.526.767', 'A03.556.249.249.767']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The dilemma of painful old os calcis fractures.
|
This study of 16 patients (17 amputations) draws attention to intractable pain as a rare, but not previously emphasized, sequela of os calcis fracture. The fracture remained painful despite, in many cases, exhaustive measures to relieve symptoms. The majority of patients still had pain even after amputation and revision, suggesting the development of a regional (phantom) pain syndrome. Patients should be advised that severe os calcis fractures may not heal sufficiently to stabilize the foot for 18-24 months. Patients who continue to complain of pain following treatment of a fracture of the os calcis should be carefully evaluated in a pain management clinic. Since in some patients the pain may not be entirely organic in origin, amputation would not solve the problem. In the present series amputation did not always relieve pain and also made prosthetic fitting difficult.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Amputation', 'Calcaneus', 'Fractures, Bone', 'Fractures, Closed', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Methods', 'Middle Aged', 'Pain, Intractable', 'Tarsal Bones']
| 6,861,382
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.555.080'], ['A02.835.232.043.300.710.300'], ['C26.404'], ['C26.404.124'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.581'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.888.592.612.776'], ['A02.835.232.043.300.710']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Risk factors for fluoroquinolone resistance in Enterococcus urinary tract infections in hospitalized patients.
|
Past studies exploring risk factors for fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance in urinary tract infections (UTIs) focused only on UTIs caused by Gram-negative pathogens. The epidemiology of FQ resistance in enterococcal UTIs has not been studied. We conducted a case-control study at two medical centres within the University of Pennsylvania Health System in order to identify risk factors for FQ resistance in enterococcal UTIs. Subjects with positive urine cultures for enterococci and meeting CDC criteria for healthcare-acquired UTI were eligible. Cases were subjects with FQ-resistant enterococcal UTI. Controls were subjects with FQ-susceptible enterococcal UTI and were frequency matched to cases by month of isolation. A total of 136 cases and 139 controls were included from 1 January 2003 to 31 March 2005. Independent risk factors [adjusted OR (95% CI)] for FQ resistance included cardiovascular diseases [2·24 (1·05-4·79), P=0·037], hospitalization within the past 2 weeks [2·08 (1·05-4·11), P=0·035], hospitalization on a medicine service [2·15 (1·08-4·30), P<0·030], recent exposure to â-lactamase inhibitors (BLIs) [14·98 (2·92-76·99), P<0·001], extended spectrum cephalosporins [9·82 (3·37-28·60), P<0·001], FQs [5·36 (2·20-13·05), P<0·001] and clindamycin [13·90 (1·21-10·49), P=0·035]. Use of BLIs, extended spectrum cephalosporins, FQs and clindamycin was associated with FQ resistance in enterococcal uropathogens. Efforts to curb FQ resistance should focus on optimizing use of these agents.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Cross Infection', 'Drug Resistance, Microbial', 'Enterococcus', 'Female', 'Fluoroquinolones', 'Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Middle Aged', 'Risk Factors', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Urinary Tract Infections', 'Young Adult']
| 20,696,087
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['C01.248', 'C23.550.291.875.500'], ['G06.225', 'G07.690.773.984.269'], ['B03.353.750.250.250', 'B03.510.550.250.250'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322'], ['C01.150.252.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['C01.915', 'C12.777.892', 'C13.351.968.892'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
-765 g>c polymorphism of the cox-2 gene and gastric cancer risk in Brazilian population.
|
CONTEXT: Genomic alterations play important roles in gastric cancer carcinogenesis. Cyclooxygenases (COX) are important enzymes in the maintenance of mucosal integrity and in pathological processes, mainly in inflammation and cancer. The -765G>C COX-2 polymorphism has been implicated in gastric cancer risk.OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the COX-2 gene polymorphism as a predictor of gastric cancer risk.METHODS: One hundred gastric cancer patients and 150 controls were enrolled from a Brazilian centre. Personal data regarding related risk factors, including alcohol consumption and smoking behavior, were collected via questionnaire. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and the genotypes were analyzed using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism.RESULTS: G/G, G/C and C/C genotypes frequencies was 42.7%, 50% and 7.3%, respectively in controls and 59.0%, 34.0% and 7.0% in gastric cancer. The frequency of the genotypes differed between the groups (P = 0.033). A higher risk of gastric cancer was associated with COX-2 -765G/G genotype (P = 0.048; OR:1.98, 95% CI = 1.01-3.90). Alcohol consumption and smoking in patients with -765G/G genotype also increased the risk of gastric cancer.CONCLUSIONS: The -765G/G genotype and the -765G allele had been associated with an increased risk for gastric cancer. The presence of smoking and alcohol consumption increased the risk for gastric cancer in subjects with -765G/G genotype compared with the control group. Polymorphism of COX-2 gene and gastric cancer risk.
|
['Case-Control Studies', 'Cyclooxygenase 2', 'Female', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Risk Factors', 'Stomach Neoplasms']
| 25,003,256
|
[['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['D08.811.600.720.750'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.795.595'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Fixed digital contractures revealing light-chain amyloidosis.
|
Among the many clinical manifestations of light-chain (AL) amyloidosis, musculoskeletal involvement is rarely reported. We describe the case of a 72-year-old woman who was referred to our rheumatology department for fixed flexion contractures of the fingers that developed concomitantly with a decline in general health. Macroglossia and recent-onset dyspnea were noted. Investigations, which included a tongue biopsy, established the diagnosis of kappa light-chain amyloidosis with soft-tissue, bone and cardiac deposits. Melphalan and dexamethasone therapy was successful in stabilizing the clinical and laboratory abnormalities within 6 months. This case is remarkable in that the musculoskeletal manifestations were at the forefront of the clinical picture and led to the diagnosis.
|
['Aged', 'Amyloidosis', 'Contracture', 'Dyspnea', 'Female', 'Fluorodeoxyglucose F18', 'Hand Bones', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin Light Chains', 'Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains', 'Macroglossia', 'Radiography', 'Radioisotopes', 'Shoulder Joint']
| 19,800,832
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C18.452.845.500'], ['C05.550.323', 'C05.651.197'], ['C08.618.326', 'C23.888.852.371'], ['D09.254.229.500'], ['A02.835.232.087.319'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.705.750', 'D12.776.124.790.651.705.750', 'D12.776.377.715.548.705.750'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.705.750.530', 'D12.776.124.790.651.705.750.530', 'D12.776.377.715.548.705.750.530'], ['C07.465.910.460'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['D01.496.749'], ['A02.835.583.748']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Rapid presumptive diagnosis of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome by peripheral blood smear review.
|
Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) is a rare but frequently lethal acute zoonotic viral infection in rural North America. The rapidity of progression from febrile prodrome to cardiogenic shock and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema requiring intensive care creates high diagnostic urgency and a need for a rapid screening tool. In this retrospective cohort study, 2 pathologists scored blinded peripheral blood smears from 52 patients with HCPS and 128 seronegative patients referred for diagnosis of suspected hantavirus infection. During the prodromal phase, thrombocytopenia was the only consistent abnormality and could be used to indicate hantavirus serologic testing. After the onset of pulmonary edema detected radiographically, the presence of 4 of 5 findings (thrombocytopenia, myelocytosis, hemoconcentration, lack of significant toxic granulation in neutrophils, and more than 10% of lymphocytes with immunoblastic morphologic features) has a sensitivity for HCPS of 96% and a specificity of 99% and missed no patients with HCPS who required intensive care. While each abnormality is commonly seen, the combination of at least 4 of these CBC count data and peripheral blood smear findings can guide early treatment and patient transport decisions until rapid, specific, serologic testing becomes widely available.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Specimen Collection', 'Blood Volume', 'Cohort Studies', 'Hantavirus', 'Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome', 'Hematologic Tests', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Myeloproliferative Disorders', 'Neutrophils', 'Polycythemia', 'Pulmonary Edema', 'Radiography, Thoracic', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Single-Blind Method']
| 11,710,682
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.998.110', 'E04.665.150', 'E05.200.998.110'], ['G09.188.130', 'G09.330.380.092'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['B04.820.480.750.440'], ['C01.925.782.147.420.380', 'C08.618.846.450'], ['E01.370.225.625', 'E05.200.625'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C15.378.190.636'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['C15.378.738'], ['C08.381.742'], ['E01.370.350.700.730'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E05.318.370.850', 'N05.715.360.325.730', 'N06.850.520.445.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Silver Metallic Cyclodextrin-Core Star mPEG.
|
A novel silver metallic â-cyclodextrin (â-CD)-core star methoxypolyethylene glycol (mPEG) (SM-CD-SPEG) is presented. For this, a well-defined water-soluble â-CD-core star mPEG with aldehyde groups (CD-star(ald)PEG, III) is first designed and synthesized via the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne click reaction. Then, silver nanoparticles are formed within III through the oxidation-reduction reaction between the aldehyde groups and silver ions. The oxidation-reduction reaction is characterized by means of 1 H NMR spectra. And the preparation conditions of SM-CD-SPEG are optimized. The resulting SM-CD-SPEG aqueous solutions exhibit good stability and a unimolecular micelle morphology. Significantly, it is able to obtain solid SM-CD-SPEG samples with molecular water-solubility. This is convenient for storage and further application of SM-CD-SPEG. The SM-CD-SPEG samples also show good catalytic performance toward the reduction reaction of methylene blue (MB) by sodium borohydride (NaBH4 ).
|
['Cyclodextrins', 'Metal Nanoparticles', 'Micelles', 'Polyethylene Glycols', 'Polymers', 'Silver']
| 30,561,864
|
[['D04.345.103', 'D09.301.915.400.375', 'D09.698.365.855.400.375'], ['J01.637.512.600.500'], ['D05.374', 'D26.255.560'], ['D02.033.455.250.700', 'D05.750.741', 'D25.720.741', 'J01.637.051.720.741'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['D01.268.556.812', 'D01.268.956.843', 'D01.552.544.812']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Immunohistochemical localization of prostaglandin H synthase in the sheep placenta from early pregnancy to term.
|
Prostaglandin H synthase (PGHS) activity within intrauterine tissues is considered to catalyze a critical step in prostaglandin (PG) biosynthesis at parturition. In sheep, the placenta is a major site of PG production throughout pregnancy, but little information is available concerning the cells that are responsible. Therefore we determined the distribution of immunoreactive (IR-) PGHS in ovine placental tissue obtained at different times of pregnancy using immunohistochemical techniques. In placentomes from early pregnancy (Days 30-54), IR-PGHS was present in maternal epithelial syncytium, but was not detectable in trophoblast cells. Between Day 54 and Day 100, the number of cells that stained positive for PGHS declined in the maternal epithelial layer in the body of the placenta, but IR-PGHS was present in maternal epithelial cells overlying the vascular cones of the placental hemophagous zone. It was also present in the chorionic fibroblasts, but remained undetectable from all classes of trophoblast cells. IR-PGHS was first detectable in the trophoblastic epithelium by Day 114. Between Day 119 and term the trophoblast mononuclear epithelial cells were intensely immunopositive for PGHS, although immunonegative binucleate cells were present. The maternal epithelium was immunonegative except during the last 7-10 days of pregnancy when PGHS immunostaining appeared in both basal and apical regions of the placenta. Thus, the cellular localization of IR-PGHS changes during ovine pregnancy, from predominantly maternal during the first half of gestation to undetectable and then to predominantly trophoblastic between Day 114 and term, suggesting a gestation-dependent change in sites of PG production during ovine pregnancy. Appearance of IR-PGHS in the trophoblast precedes activation of the fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, generally considered to provide the trigger to the onset of parturition in sheep, and would therefore appear to be regulated through alternative pathways or mechanisms.
|
['Animals', 'Female', 'Gestational Age', 'Placenta', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Proteins', 'Pregnancy, Animal', 'Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases', 'Sheep', 'Trophoblasts']
| 1,786,297
|
[['B01.050'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['A16.710'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D12.776.780'], ['G08.686.784.769.498'], ['D08.811.600.720', 'D08.811.682.690.708.715'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['A11.382.992', 'A16.254.500.766', 'A16.710.802']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
User-Centered Design, Experience, and Usability of an Electronic Consent User Interface to Facilitate Informed Decision-Making in an HIV Clinic.
|
Health information exchange is the electronic accessibility and transferability of patient medical records across various healthcare settings and providers. In some states, patients have to formally give consent to allow their medical records to be electronically shared. The purpose of this study was to apply a novel user-centered, multistep, multiframework approach to design and test an electronic consent user interface, so patients with HIV can make more informed decisions about electronically sharing their health information. This study consisted of two steps. Step 1 was a cross-sectional, descriptive, qualitative study that used user-centric design interviews to create the user interface. This informed Step 2. Step 2 consisted of a one group posttest to examine perceptions of usefulness, ease of use, preference, and comprehension of a health information exchange electronic consent user interface. More than half of the study population had college experience, but challenges remained with overall comprehension regarding consent. The user interface was not independently successful, suggesting that in addition to an electronic consent user interface, human interaction may also be necessary to address the complexities associated with consenting to electronically share health information. Comprehension is key factor in the ability to make informed decisions.
|
['Ambulatory Care', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Decision Making', 'Electronic Health Records', 'HIV Infections', 'Health Information Exchange', 'Humans', 'Informed Consent', 'Patients', 'Qualitative Research', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'User-Computer Interface']
| 28,481,754
|
[['E02.760.106', 'N02.421.585.106'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F02.463.785.373'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.625.500', 'N04.452.859.564.650.125', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.530.250', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968.625.250'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.625.500.500', 'L01.313.500.500', 'L01.399.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.880.604.473.650.718', 'I01.880.604.583.427', 'N03.706.437.650.312', 'N03.706.535.489'], ['M01.643'], ['H01.770.644.241.850'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['L01.224.900.910']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Impact of visit copayments on outpatient mental health utilization by members of a health maintenance organization.
|
OBJECTIVE: The authors examined the impact of increasing cost sharing on use of outpatient mental health services.METHOD: A quasi-experimental design was used to study outpatient utilization by members of a health maintenance organization (HMO) who were subject to increasing copayments for mental health visits (state government employees and dependents). Their outpatient mental health utilization was compared with that of similar HMO members who were not subject to cost sharing (federal government employees and dependents). Analyses compared both likelihood of any service use and number of visits per year among service users.RESULTS: Institution of $20/visit copayments was associated with a 16% decrease in likelihood of service use but no change in visit rate among service users. A subsequent copayment increase to $30/visit resulted in no significant change in likelihood of use but was associated with a 9% decrease in visits per year among those using services. The impact of the first copayment change on likelihood of using services did not vary according to level of clinical need (as measured by prior service use and psychotropic drug use).CONCLUSIONS: In this staff-model HMO, modest visit copayments significantly reduced initial access to mental health treatment and had a smaller effect on treatment intensity. Copayments restricted access regardless of clinical need. Designers of mental health benefits must consider the impact of copayments on those with the greatest need for treatment.
|
['Ambulatory Care', 'Appointments and Schedules', 'Attitude to Health', 'Community Mental Health Services', 'Cost Sharing', 'Deductibles and Coinsurance', 'Fees and Charges', 'Health Benefit Plans, Employee', 'Health Care Reform', 'Health Maintenance Organizations', 'Humans', 'Insurance Claim Review', 'Probability', 'United States', 'Utilization Review']
| 8,610,819
|
[['E02.760.106', 'N02.421.585.106'], ['N04.452.095'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['F04.408.307', 'N02.421.143.183', 'N02.421.461.232'], ['N03.219.151.170', 'N03.219.521.576.090'], ['N03.219.151.170.300', 'N03.219.521.576.090.300'], ['N03.219.442'], ['N01.824.417.700.325', 'N03.219.521.576.343.290', 'N04.452.677.800.325'], ['I01.655.500.608.400.285', 'I01.880.604.825.608.400.285', 'N03.349.285', 'N03.623.500.608.428.285', 'N04.590.374.285', 'N05.300.380'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.800.400', 'N03.219.521.576.343.925.400', 'N04.452.758.244.425', 'N04.590.374.410.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.219.521.576.215'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['N04.761.879', 'N05.700.900']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Salvage treatment for local or local-regional recurrence after initial breast conservation treatment with radiation for ductal carcinoma in situ.
|
The present study evaluated the outcome of salvage treatment for women with local or local-regional recurrence after initial breast conservation treatment with radiation for mammographically detected ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS; intraductal carcinoma) of the breast. The study cohort consisted of 90 women with local only first failure (n=85) or local-regional only first failure (n=5). The histology at the time of recurrence was invasive carcinoma for 53 patients (59%), non-invasive carcinoma for 34 patients (38%), angiosarcoma for one patient (1%), and unknown for two patients (2%). The median follow-up after salvage treatment was 5.5 years (mean=5.8 years; range=0.2-14.2 years). The 10-year rates of overall survival, cause-specific survival, and freedom from distant metastases after salvage treatment were 83%, 95%, and 91%, respectively. Adverse prognostic factors for the development of subsequent distant metastases after salvage treatment were invasive histology of the local recurrence and pathologically positive axillary lymph nodes. These results demonstrate that local and local-regional recurrences can be salvaged with high rates of survival and freedom from distant metastases. Close follow-up after initial breast conservation treatment with radiation is warranted for the early detection of potentially salvageable local and local-regional recurrences.
|
['Adult', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Mammography', 'Mastectomy, Segmental', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Prognosis', 'Salvage Therapy']
| 16,043,350
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.275', 'C04.557.470.200.240.187.250', 'C04.557.470.615.275'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.700.500'], ['E04.466.701'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['E01.789'], ['E02.895']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A Feasibility Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial of Home-Based Warm Footbath to Improve Sleep in the Chronic Phase of Traumatic Brain Injury.
|
INTRODUCTION: Sleep disturbance is a common complaint after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a home-based warm footbath intervention on sleep in patients with TBI.METHODS: This was a randomized controlled crossover study, and 23 adults with TBI were recruited and randomized to receive first a 30-minute, 41°C warm footbath and then a usual care, or vice versa, with each lasting 3 days and separated by a 3-day washout. Sleep efficiency, sleep onset latency (SOL), total sleep time, and wake after sleep onset (WASO) were assessed by actigraphy.RESULTS: We found that home-based warm footbath significantly had a reduced SOL (difference, -5.11 minutes) and a suppressed WASO (difference, -2.57 minutes) compared with those of usual care, but not in sleep efficiency and total sleep time. No adverse effect was reported.CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested that home-based warm footbath is practical and effective in relieving post-TBI sleep disturbances, particular in SOL and WASO. Nurses can use home-based warm footbath as an effective intervention for management of sleep disturbances after TBI.
|
['Actigraphy', 'Adult', 'Baths', 'Brain Injuries', 'Complementary Therapies', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Female', 'Foot', 'Hot Temperature', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders']
| 29,117,034
|
[['E01.370.520.049', 'E05.003.500'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E02.056.110'], ['C10.228.140.199', 'C10.900.300.087', 'C26.915.300.200'], ['E02.190'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['A01.378.610.250'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.886.425.800.800', 'F03.870.400.800.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The recombinant fusion protein of cholera toxin B and neutrophil-activating protein expressed on Bacillus subtilis spore surface suppresses allergic inflammation in mice.
|
The neutrophil-activating protein of Helicobacter pylori (HP-NAP) has been identified as a modulator with anti-Th2 inflammation activity, and cholera toxin B (CTB) is a mucosal adjuvant that can also induce antigen tolerance. In this study, we constructed a CTB-NAP fusion protein on the surface of Bacillus subtilis spore and evaluate the efficiency of oral administration of the recombinant CTB-NAP spores in preventing asthma in mice. Oral administration of recombinant CTB or CTB-NAP spores significantly decreased serum ovalbumin (OVA)-specific IgE (p < 0.001) and increased fecal IgA (p < 0.01) compared to the treatment with non-recombinant spores. Oral administration of recombinant CTB or CTB-NAP spores induced IL-10 and IFN-ã expression and reduced IL-4 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Moreover, CTB and CTB-NAP spores reduced the eosinophils in BALF and inflammatory cell infiltration in the lungs. Furthermore, CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs in splenocytes were significantly increased in mice treated with recombinant CTB or CTB-NAP spores. The number of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs caused by CTB-NAP was higher than that by CTB alone. Our study indicated that B. subtilis spores with surface expression of subunit CTB or CTB-NAP could inhibit OVA-induced allergic inflammation in mice. The attenuated inflammation was attributed to the induction of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs and IgA. Moreover, the fusion protein CTB-NAP demonstrated a better efficiency than CTB alone in inhibiting the inflammation.
|
['Adjuvants, Immunologic', 'Administration, Oral', 'Animals', 'Asthma', 'Bacillus subtilis', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Cholera Toxin', 'Hypersensitivity', 'Immunoglobulin E', 'Inflammation', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Interleukin-10', 'Lung', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Ovalbumin', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Spores, Bacterial', 'T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory']
| 28,608,279
|
[['D27.505.696.477.067'], ['E02.319.267.100'], ['B01.050'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['B03.300.390.400.158.218.725', 'B03.353.500.100.218.725', 'B03.510.100.100.218.725', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.725', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.725'], ['D12.776.097'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.115.180', 'D23.946.123.194', 'D23.946.330.150'], ['C20.543'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.312', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.312', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.312'], ['C23.550.470'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.510', 'D12.776.467.374.465.510', 'D23.529.374.465.510'], ['A04.411'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['D12.644.861.557', 'D12.776.034.614', 'D12.776.256.159.157.663', 'D12.776.290.663', 'D12.776.872.557'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['A11.870.700', 'B05.775.700'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.700', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.700', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of coffee consumption on gut recovery after surgery of gynecological cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial.
|
BACKGROUND: Paralytic ileus that develops after elective surgery is a common and uncomfortable complication and is considered inevitable after an intraperitoneal operation.OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether coffee consumption accelerates the recovery of bowel function after complete staging surgery of gynecologic cancers.STUDY DESIGN: In this randomized controlled trial, 114 patients were allocated preoperatively to either postoperative coffee consumption with 3 times daily (n=58) or routine postoperative care without coffee consumption (n=56). Total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with systematic pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy were performed on all patients as part of complete staging surgery for endometrial, ovarian, cervical, or tubal cancer. The primary outcome measure was the time to the first passage of flatus after surgery. Secondary outcomes were the time to first defecation, time to first bowel movement, and time to tolerance of a solid diet.RESULTS: The mean time to flatus (30.2±8.0 vs 40.2±12.1 hours; P<.001), mean time to defecation (43.1±9.4 vs 58.5±17.0 hours; P<.001), and mean time to the ability to tolerate food (3.4±1.2 vs 4.7±1.6 days; P<.001) were reduced significantly in patients who consumed coffee compared with control subjects. Mild ileus symptoms were observed in 17 patients (30.4%) in the control group compared with 6 patients (10.3%) in the coffee group (P=.01). Coffee consumption was well-tolerated and well-accepted by patients, and no intervention-related side-effects were observed.CONCLUSION: Coffee consumption after total abdominal hysterectomy and systematic paraaortic lymphadenectomy expedites the time to bowel motility and the ability to tolerate food. This simple, cheap, and well-tolerated treatment should be added as an adjunct to the postoperative care of gynecologic oncology patients.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aorta', 'Coffee', 'Defecation', 'Female', 'Flatulence', 'Gastrointestinal Motility', 'Genital Neoplasms, Female', 'Gynecologic Surgical Procedures', 'Humans', 'Hysterectomy', 'Ileus', 'Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction', 'Lymph Node Excision', 'Middle Aged', 'Ovariectomy', 'Pelvis', 'Postoperative Care', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Salpingectomy', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Single-Blind Method', 'Time Factors']
| 27,780,709
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A07.015.114.056'], ['D20.215.784.249', 'G07.203.100.325', 'J02.200.325'], ['G10.261.165'], ['C23.888.821.360'], ['G10.261.360'], ['C04.588.945.418', 'C13.351.937.418'], ['E04.950.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.950.300.399'], ['C06.405.469.531.492'], ['C06.405.469.531.492.500'], ['E04.446'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.270.282.685', 'E04.950.165.685', 'E04.950.300.680'], ['A01.923.600'], ['E02.760.731.700', 'E04.604.500', 'N02.421.585.722.700'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E04.950.300.715'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E05.318.370.850', 'N05.715.360.325.730', 'N06.850.520.445.850'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Technology transfer of brain-computer interfaces as assistive technology: barriers and opportunities.
|
This paper provides an analysis of perspectives from different stakeholders on the state-of-the-art of BCI. Three barriers for technology transfer of BCIs as access technologies are identified. First, BCIs are developed with a narrow focus on creating a reliable technology, while a broader focus on creating a usable technology is needed. Second, the potential target group, which could benefit from BCIs as access technologies is expected to be very small. Development costs are therefore high, while reimbursements are expected to be low, which challenges the commercial viability. Third, potential target users should be much more included in the design process of BCIs to ensure that the end-products meet technical, ethical, legal and social requirements. These three issues need to be urgently addressed so that target users may benefit from this promising technology.
|
['Brain-Computer Interfaces', 'Equipment Design', 'Humans', 'Neurological Rehabilitation', 'Self-Help Devices', 'Technology Transfer']
| 25,595,535
|
[['E07.305.076'], ['E05.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.477', 'E02.831.477', 'H02.403.680.600.750', 'N02.421.784.511'], ['E07.796'], ['J01.897.900', 'L01.143.320.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in northern Italy.
|
The role of socio-demographic factors, lifestyle habits and selected dietary factors on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma was evaluated in a hospital-based case-control study conducted in Northern Italy on 151 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and 1,051 controls in hospital for acute, non-neoplastic or digestive conditions, unrelated to any of the known or potential risk factors for primary liver cancer. There were significant inverse relationships with levels of education and social class (relative risk, RR = 1.9 and 2.4 for lower vs. upper categories), and positive associations with clinical history of hepatitis (RR = 3.5, 95% confidence interval = 2.0-6.0) or liver cirrhosis (RR = 15.6, 95% CI = 8.3-29.4). The relative risk was not elevated in smokers and light or moderate alcohol drinkers, but the point estimate was above unity among heavy drinkers (RR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.0-2.4). Among 14 food items considered, including important sources of vitamin A, protein and fats in the Italian diet, 5 were inversely and significantly related to liver cancer risk. This suggests that a diet deficient in several aspects may be related to hepatocellular carcinoma.
|
['Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Diet', 'Hepatitis B', 'Humans', 'Italy', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Retinoids', 'Risk Factors', 'Smoking']
| 2,847,988
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['C01.221.250.500', 'C01.925.256.430.400', 'C01.925.440.435', 'C06.552.380.705.437'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.495', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700', 'D02.455.849.131.495', 'D23.767.261.700'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.805']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Evidence that increased 5-HT release evokes region-specific effects on blood-oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging responses in the rat brain.
|
This study aimed to determine the potential of in vivo functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) methods as a non-invasive means of detecting effects of increased 5-HT release in brain. Changes in blood-oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) contrast induced by administration of the 5-HT-releasing agent, fenfluramine, were measured in selected brain regions of halothane-anesthetized rats. Initial immunohistochemical measurements of the marker of neural activation, Fos, confirmed that in halothane-anesthetized rats fenfluramine (10 mg/kg i.v.) evoked cellular responses in cortical regions which were attenuated by pre-treatment with the 5-HT synthesis inhibitor p-chlorophenylalanine (300 mg/kg i.p. once daily for 2 days). Fenfluramine-induced Fos was demonstrated in numerous glutamatergic pyramidal neurons (Fos/excitatory amino acid carrier 1 (EAAC1) co-labeled), but also a small number of GABA interneurons (Fos/glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)(67) colabeled). Fenfluramine (10 mg/kg i.v.) evoked changes in BOLD signal intensity in a number of cortical and sub-cortical regions with the greatest effects being observed in the nucleus accumbens (-13.0%+/-2.7%), prefrontal cortex (-10.1%+/-3.2%) and motor cortex (+2.3%+/-1.0%). Pre-treatment with p-chlorophenylalanine, significantly attenuated the response to fenfluramine (10 mg/kg i.v.) in all regions with the exception of the motor cortex which showed a trend. These experiments demonstrate that increased 5-HT release evokes region-specific changes in the BOLD signal in rats, and that this effect is attenuated in almost all regions by 5-HT depletion. These findings support the use of fMRI imaging methods as a non-invasive tool to study 5-HT function in animal models, with the potential for extension to clinical studies.
|
['Animals', 'Brain', 'Brain Mapping', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Interactions', 'Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3', 'Fenclonine', 'Fenfluramine', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Oncogene Proteins v-fos', 'Oxygen', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Serotonin', 'Serotonin Antagonists', 'Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors', 'Time Factors']
| 19,174,180
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['D12.776.157.530.200.249.500.500.875', 'D12.776.157.530.450.625.147.875', 'D12.776.157.530.562.374.781.781', 'D12.776.157.530.937.250.500.875', 'D12.776.543.585.200.249.500.500.875', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625.147.875', 'D12.776.543.585.562.374.781.781', 'D12.776.543.585.937.250.500.875'], ['D12.125.072.050.685.440'], ['D02.092.471.683.467'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['D12.776.624.664.520.750.887', 'D12.776.964.700.750.887', 'D12.776.964.775.750.887'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D02.092.211.215.801.852', 'D03.633.100.473.914.814', 'D23.469.050.650'], ['D27.505.519.625.850.850', 'D27.505.696.577.850.850'], ['D27.505.519.562.437.850', 'D27.505.519.625.600.850', 'D27.505.519.625.850.900', 'D27.505.696.577.600.850', 'D27.505.696.577.850.900'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Inhibiting fly ash reactivity by adding N- and S- containing compounds.
|
The inhibitory effect of thiourea (TUA), ammonium thiosulfate (TSA) and amidosulfonic acid (ASA) on the reactivity of fly ash air was investigated using a thermobalance at different heating rates (5, 10 and 20 K min-1). A model fly ash (activated carbon + 50 wt% CuCl2·2H2O, pyrolyzed at 700 °C and washed) was used as carbonaceous material. Adding CuCl2·2H2O to the activated carbon led to an increased rate of decomposition with the air's oxygen. TUA and TSA behaved in a similar way, accelerating the decomposition of the model fly ash. ASA also accelerated the decomposition but to a lower extent. We postulate that the increase in decomposition rate is caused by a reaction between carbonaceous material and N and S-containing compounds. The formation of nitrogenated and sulphured compounds was confirmed by TG-MS. A kinetic model based on a single reaction of order 0.6 showed very good correlations with all the heating rates tested in oxidant atmosphere.
|
['Coal Ash', 'Incineration', 'Particulate Matter', 'Sulfonic Acids', 'Thiosulfates', 'Thiourea']
| 30,077,109
|
[['D20.633.110'], ['N06.850.860.510.900.600.500'], ['D20.633'], ['D01.029.260.877.740', 'D01.875.800.740', 'D02.886.645.600'], ['D01.248.497.158.845.703', 'D01.875.800.800.850.900'], ['D02.065.950.898', 'D02.886.904']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Multifunctional Compound AD-35 Improves Cognitive Impairment and Attenuates the Production of TNF-á and IL-1â in an Aâ25-35-induced Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease.
|
The dyshomeostasis of transition metal ions, accumulation of amyloid-â (Aâ) senile plaques and neuroinflammatory response found in the brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been suggested to be involved in AD pathogenesis. Novel compounds capable of targeting metal-Aâ species and neuroinflammation would be valuable. AD-35 is such a patented small-molecule compound derived from innovative modification of the chemical structure of donepezil. This compound could moderately inhibit acetylcholinesterase and metal-induced Aâ aggregation in vitro and showed disassembly of Aâ aggregates. The effects of AD-35 on cognitive impairments and neuroinflammatory changes caused by intracerebroventricular injection of Aâ25-35 were studied in rats. Compared to sham group, Aâ25-35 injection significantly led to learning and memory deficits, astrocyte activation, and pro-inflammatory cytokines releases (TNF-á and IL-1â). Further studies indicated that the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase was involved in astrocyte activation and pro-inflammatory cytokines production. Oral administration of AD-35 could markedly attenuate Aâ25-35 injection-induced astrocyte activation, pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-á and IL-1â release, and memory deficits. On the contrary, donepezil only showed inhibition of IL-1â production, but failed to block astrocyte activation and TNF-á production. These results showed that AD-35 would be a novel multi-mechanism drug for the prevention and/or treatment of AD.
|
['Alzheimer Disease', 'Amyloid beta-Peptides', 'Animals', 'Astrocytes', 'Brain', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cholinesterase Inhibitors', 'Cognitive Dysfunction', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Donepezil', 'Humans', 'Indans', 'Interleukin-1beta', 'Male', 'Memory Disorders', 'Nootropic Agents', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Piperidines', 'Protein Aggregation, Pathological', 'Random Allocation', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 28,157,092
|
[['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['D12.644.024', 'D12.776.049.407.249.500', 'D12.776.543.039.500'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.637.200', 'A11.650.200'], ['A08.186.211'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D27.505.519.389.275', 'D27.505.519.625.120.300', 'D27.505.696.577.120.300'], ['F03.615.250.700'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.486.487.280', 'D03.383.621.238', 'D04.615.486.487.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.486.487', 'D04.615.486.487'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010.600', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400.600', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010.600', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400.600', 'D23.529.374.465.131.600', 'D23.529.374.500.400.600'], ['C10.597.606.525', 'C23.888.592.604.529', 'F01.700.625'], ['D27.505.954.427.637'], ['D12.644.541'], ['D03.383.621'], ['C23.550.770', 'G02.111.675'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Factors affecting the efficiency of CD8+ T cell cross-priming with exogenous antigens.
|
Processing of exogenous protein Ags by APC leads predominantly to presentation of peptides on class II MHC and, thus, stimulation of CD4+ T cell responses. However, "cross-priming" can also occur, whereby peptides derived from exogenous Ags become displayed on class I MHC molecules and stimulate CD8+ T cell responses. We compared the efficiency of cross-priming with exogenous proteins to use of peptide Ags in human whole blood using a flow cytometry assay to detect T cell intracellular cytokine production. CD8+ T cell responses to whole CMV proteins were poorly detected (compared with peptide responses) in most CMV-seropositive donors. Such responses could be increased by using higher doses of Ag than were required to achieve maximal CD4+ T cell responses. A minority of donors displayed significantly more efficient CD8+ T cell responses to whole protein, even at low Ag doses. These responses were MHC class I-restricted and dependent upon proteosomal processing, indicating that they were indeed due to cross-priming. The ability to efficiently cross-prime was not a function of the number of dendritic cells in the donor's blood. Neither supplementation of freshly isolated dendritic cells nor use of cultured, Ag-pulsed dendritic cells could significantly boost CD8 responses to whole-protein Ags in poorly cross-priming donors. Interestingly, freshly isolated monocytes performed almost as well as dendritic cells in inducing CD8 responses via cross-priming. In conclusion, the efficiency of cross-priming appears to be poor in most donors and is dependent upon properties of the individual's APC and/or T cell repertoire. It remains unknown whether cross-priming ability translates into any clinical advantage in ability to induce CD8+ T cell responses to foreign Ags.
|
['Antibodies, Viral', 'Antigen-Presenting Cells', 'Antigens, Viral', 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Cell Count', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytokines', 'Cytomegalovirus', 'Dendritic Cells', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic', 'Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte', 'Histocompatibility Antigens Class I', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Opsonin Proteins', 'Phosphoproteins', 'Titrimetry', 'Viral Matrix Proteins']
| 11,390,476
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254'], ['A11.066', 'A15.382.066'], ['D23.050.327'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['B04.280.382.150.150'], ['A11.066.270', 'A11.436.270', 'A15.382.066.270', 'A15.382.670.260'], ['G12.300'], ['D23.050.550.402'], ['D12.776.395.550.489', 'D12.776.543.550.439', 'D23.050.301.500.100', 'D23.050.705.552.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.767', 'D12.776.124.486.657', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.767', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.767'], ['D12.776.744'], ['E05.196.922'], ['D12.776.964.970.880.940']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor apremilast inhibits Th1 but promotes Th17 responses induced by 6-sulfo LacNAc (slan) dendritic cells.
|
BACKGROUND: The phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor apremilast increases cellular cAMP levels and has proven effective in the treatment of psoriasis and psoriasis arthritis. We recently described 6-sulfo LacNAc dendritic cells (slanDCs) as immature DCs in blood and as a subset of inflammatory dermal DCs in psoriasis with a pronounced capacity to produce proinflammatory cytokines and to program Th17/Th1 T cell responses.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate possible immune regulatory effects of the PDE4 inhibitor apremilast on slanDCs.METHODS: In vitro studies were performed analyzing the effects of apremilast on the proinflammatory function of slanDCs and their capacity to induce Th1/Th17-biased T cell responses.RESULTS: Increasing cAMP levels in slanDCs by PDE4 inhibition strongly reduced production of IL-12 and TNF-á. In line with these findings, co-culture experiments with apremilast-pulsed slanDCs and allogeneic T cells either from psoriasis patients or healthy controls, revealed a significant reduction of IFN-ã production and expression of the transcription factor T-bet. In parallel, production of IL-23 and IL-1? by slanDCs was increased and co-cultured T cells revealed a largely augmented IL-17 production and an upregulated RORyt expression.CONCLUSIONS: We here demonstrate anti-inflammatory as well as Th17-promoting effects of apremilast when studying blood precursors of human inflammatory dermal dendritic cells. In the concert of the broad anti-inflammatory effects of apremilast on keratinocytes, fibroblasts and endothelial cells, the dual effect on slan+ inflammatory dermal DCs should be taken into account and may constrain therapeutic responses.
|
['Amino Sugars', 'Coculture Techniques', 'Cyclic AMP', 'Cytokines', 'Dendritic Cells', 'Humans', 'Immunologic Factors', 'Leukocytes, Mononuclear', 'Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3', 'Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors', 'Psoriasis', 'T-Box Domain Proteins', 'Th1 Cells', 'Th17 Cells', 'Thalidomide', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 28,499,587
|
[['D09.067'], ['E05.481.500.374'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.395', 'D13.695.462.200', 'D13.695.667.138.395', 'D13.695.827.068.395'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['A11.066.270', 'A11.436.270', 'A15.382.066.270', 'A15.382.670.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477'], ['A11.118.637.555', 'A15.145.229.637.555', 'A15.382.490.555'], ['D12.776.260.643.182', 'D12.776.826.209.182'], ['D27.505.519.389.735.374'], ['C17.800.859.675'], ['D12.776.260.725', 'D12.776.930.850'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.400.900', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.400.900', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.400.900', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.400.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.400.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.400.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.400.900', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.400.900', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.400.900'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.400.915', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.400.915', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.400.915', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.400.770', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.400.770', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.400.770', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.400.915', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.400.915', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.400.915'], ['D02.241.223.805.810.800', 'D03.383.621.808.800', 'D03.633.100.513.750.750'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Investigation of the imaging properties of an x-ray film scanner.
|
In this note, the imaging properties of a CCD x-ray film scanner were investigated. The relationship between optical density and the logarithm of output pixel value provides information on the linearity of the system. The resolution properties of the scanner can be characterized by the presampling modulation transfer function which was calculated from a set of line spread functions with various alignments relative to the sampling grid. Our results show that the scanner is linear up to 2.0 optical density units, which leads to restrictions in digitizing x-ray films with higher optical density. The measured MTF shows the good spatial resolution of the CCD scanner which is demonstrated on an example.
|
['Equipment Failure Analysis', 'Fingers', 'Humans', 'Phantoms, Imaging', 'Radiographic Image Enhancement', 'Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'X-Ray Film', 'X-Ray Intensifying Screens']
| 15,552,094
|
[['E05.325.192'], ['A01.378.800.667.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.671'], ['E01.370.350.600.350.700', 'E01.370.350.700.700', 'L01.224.308.380.600'], ['E01.158.600.680', 'E01.370.350.350.700', 'E01.370.350.700.705', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600.680'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E07.960'], ['E07.970']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Evidence of iteroparity in the widely distributed diadromous fish inanga Galaxias maculatus and potential implications for reproductive output.
|
Gaps in understanding variability among populations of inanga Galaxias maculatus in the timing of reproduction were addressed in southern New Zealand (NZ), where G. maculatus constitutes a declining fishery. Reproductive activity was delayed by 1 month on the west coast compared with the east coast and the west coast spawning season was prolonged into winter. The evidence for post-spawning survival of some fish was unequivocal from histological studies. These older and larger fish contributed disproportionately to egg production. Estimates of fecundity were considerably lower than those previously calculated for NZ populations. The importance of quality habitats being available during critical life history periods are highlighted. It was apparent that some streams supported fish that were larger and in better condition and that this translated into greatly increased fecundity. Future research should focus on whether this is a legacy of these fish experiencing better pre-settlement marine habitat as larvae, or higher quality instream habitat enhancing the growth and development of adults.
|
['Animals', 'Ecosystem', 'Fertility', 'New Zealand', 'Osmeriformes', 'Reproduction', 'Seasons']
| 27,470,074
|
[['B01.050'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['G08.686.210'], ['Z01.639.760.747', 'Z01.678.100.747'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.595'], ['G08.686.784'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Synovial membrane and fluid morphologic alterations in early rheumatoid arthritis: microvascular injury and virus-like particles.
|
Eight patients have been studied during the first 6 weeks of rheumatoid synovitis. All of them exhibited microvascular injury, which was manifested by gaps between endothelial cells, vascular occlusion, erythrocyte extravasation, or endothelial cell injury. In four patients, a variety of virus-like particles were found associated with the endothelium or perivascular cells. In two cases, particles were seen in electron-dense deposits in vessel walls. Lymphocytes and PMN infiltrated the synovial membranes, but plasma cells were uncommon. Evidence of phagocytosis was prominent in synovial lining cells and other large mononuclear cells, but not in PMN. These observations are consistent with injury to synovium and, specifically, synovial vessels as an early stage in RA synovitis. The virus-like particles require further investigation, because nonviral cell components remain very difficult to distinguish in electron microscopy tissue sections.
|
['Adult', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Basement Membrane', 'Biopsy, Needle', 'Capillaries', 'Endothelium', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymphocytes', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neutrophils', 'Phagocytosis', 'Plasma Cells', 'RNA Viruses', 'Synovial Fluid', 'Synovial Membrane']
| 1,057,866
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['A10.272.220', 'A10.615.179'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.119', 'E01.370.225.998.054.119', 'E01.370.388.100.100', 'E04.074.119', 'E04.665.100', 'E05.200.500.384.100.119', 'E05.200.998.054.119', 'E05.242.384.100.119'], ['A07.015.461.165'], ['A10.272.491'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['G04.417.350', 'G09.188.665', 'G12.450.564.809', 'G12.688'], ['A11.063.438.725', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562.725', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562.725', 'A15.382.032.438.725', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562.725'], ['B04.820'], ['A02.835.583.443.800.800', 'A12.207.270.847'], ['A02.835.583.443.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Modulation of uterine sensitivity to decidual induction in the rat by nicotinamide; challenge and extension of a model of progestational differentiation.
|
A recently constructed model describes pyridine nucleotide metabolism as a key target of progesterone action during early progestational differentiation of the uterus ( progestation ). The present study was designed to challenge this model. Using uterine sensitivity to decidual induction as a "whole animal" index of preimplantational differentiation, nicotinamide (NAM) was administered as a probe, to test the model's validity. Pseudopregnant rats received NAM in two injections (100 mg each, i.p.) during a 3-h interval at selected times between 1200 h on Day 2 and 1200 h on Day 4. Deciduomata were induced by intrauterine instillation of phosphate buffer between 1800 h on Day 3 and 1200 h on Day 5. Uterine sensitivity was measured indirectly as uterine weight, 5 days after induction. The effect of NAM was dependent upon the time of its administration. Maximal sensitivity (1200 h on Day 4) was not altered by injection of NAM at 1200 h on Day 2, but was inhibited by 60% following injection at 1200 h on Day 3. After this period, the inhibitory effect of NAM was diminished. When NAM was injected at 1200 h on Day 4, a slight, but significant, augmentation of sensitivity was measured. These responses were predicted by the model. A comparison of the effects of NAM with those of progesterone suggested a mechanism of action for the hormone during early progestation .
|
['Animals', 'Decidua', 'Embryo Implantation', 'Female', 'NAD', 'NADP', 'Niacinamide', 'Pregnancy', 'Progesterone', 'Rats']
| 6,232,957
|
[['B01.050'], ['A05.360.319.679.490.373', 'A16.710.289'], ['G08.686.784.170.104.500'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.694', 'D08.211.589', 'D13.695.667.138.694', 'D13.695.827.068.694'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.749', 'D08.211.625', 'D13.695.667.138.749', 'D13.695.827.068.749'], ['D03.066.515.530', 'D03.383.725.547.530'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy in non-Hispanic whites and Hispanics with NIDDM. San Luis Valley Diabetes Study.
|
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness in adults in the United States. Because photocoagulation can reduce the incidence of blindness from severe DR by approximately 50%, it is important to identify people at increased risk for DR so that appropriate treatment can be accomplished. Use of populations at increased risk for diabetes may identify groups at increased risk for complications. A recent report from the San Antonio Heart Study showed that Mexican Americans were at greater risk for servere DR than non-Hispanic Whites. To compare the prevalence of DR between non-Hispanics and Hispanics in southern Colorado, 279 people with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) were identified, and retinal photographs identified the presence and severity of retinopathy. The worse eye was used to classify the severity of DR for each patient. Ninety percent of the subjects (166 Hispanics and 85 non-Hispanic Whites) were classified by retinopathy level. The duration-adjusted prevalence of any DR was 41.8% in Hispanics and 54.1% in non-Hispanic Whites. Severe DR (preproliferative and proliferative) occurred in 18.5% of the Hispanics and in 21.3% of the non-Hispanic Whites. The odds ratio for any DR, comparing Hispanics with non-Hispanic Whites adjusted for other risk factors, was 0.40 (95% confidence interval = 0.21, 0.76). Other risk factors for the presence of any retinopathy included use of exogenous insulin, increased duration of diabetes, younger age at diagnosis, increased glycosylated hemoglobin level, and increased systolic blood pressure. These data suggest that, compared with non-Hispanic Whites, Hispanics in Colorado may be at decreased risk for diabetic retinopathy.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Biomarkers', 'Blood Pressure', 'Colorado', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Diabetic Retinopathy', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Glycated Hemoglobin A', 'Hispanic Americans', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Prevalence', 'Reference Values', 'Risk Factors']
| 2,792,575
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.101'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.210'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['C11.768.257', 'C14.907.320.382', 'C19.246.099.500.382'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['D09.400.430.937', 'D12.776.124.400.405.440', 'D12.776.395.381', 'D12.776.422.316.762.380.440'], ['M01.686.754.441'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Micropattern orientation and spatial localization.
|
A current, popular, theory of spatial localization holds that the visual system represents the location of simple objects by a single positional tag, the accuracy of which is largely independent of the internal properties of the object. We have already presented evidence of the limitations of such a view (Keeble & Hess (1998). Vision Research, 38, 827-840) in that 3-micropattern alignment performance was found to be dependent on the orientation of the micropatterns. We tested whether this was caused by a local anisotropy in positional coding by conducting 3-micropattern bisection experiments with varying patch orientation. No corresponding effect of patch orientation was found, implying a difference in the mechanisms used for the two tasks. In a further experiment we show that alignment task performance is very similar to the otherwise identical 2-patch orientation discrimination task. We conclude that the 3-micropattern alignment task is mediated by orientational mechanisms. We therefore present a 2nd-order orientation model for 3-patch alignment.
|
['Anisotropy', 'Discrimination, Psychological', 'Humans', 'Pattern Recognition, Visual', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Psychophysics', 'Rotation', 'Sensory Thresholds', 'Space Perception']
| 11,712,985
|
[['G01.590.040', 'G02.050'], ['F02.463.593.257'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.593.524.500', 'F02.463.593.932.622'], ['E05.723.729'], ['E01.370.685', 'F04.096.753'], ['G01.482.703'], ['F02.463.593.710'], ['F02.463.593.778']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Is it still ethical to conduct clinical trials against a placebo? A review of the ethical and methodological controversy].
|
UNLABELLED: A DEVELOPING CONTROVERSY: The marketing authorization for new drugs from the regulatory authorities'and ethical point of view, is only possible following convincing proof of their efficacy and safety. Between the drug registration authorities, who underline the necessity of early assessment against a placebo, on the one hand, and the ethical and consumer committees that disapprove of the use, the controversy has developed. FOR METHODOLOGISTS: Comparisons with reference drugs provide less credible results that comparisons versus a placebo. This is why their exclusive use may have deleterious effects on the reliable assessment of products to be launched on the market, in terms of efficacy and safety. Equivalence trials do not provide the expected solution since their internal validation requires a placebo arm. RETICENCE BUT NO PROHIBITION: The fifth revision of the declaration of Helsinki by the World medical association in the year 2000, which led to violent controversy regarding the drawing-up of section 29 and its clarification note, does not really help the debate progress: the authors of the texts confirm their reticence to the use of a placebo, but do not prohibit it. They have chosen a "middle of the road" solution.IN PRACTICE: The decision to conduct or not a placebo-controlled study should take into account the aims of the study (within the context or not of a marketing authorization submittal by an industrial), the early stage of the development of the drug or not and, above all, the level of efficacy and safety of the drugs already available versus the anticipated effects of the new product.
|
['Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Ethics, Clinical', 'Humans', 'Marketing', 'Placebos']
| 12,876,524
|
[['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['K01.752.566.479.045.500', 'K01.752.566.479.171.132', 'N05.350.200.500', 'N05.350.340.162'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J01.219.687'], ['D26.660', 'E02.785']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The paradox of HIV/AIDS as expanding consciousness.
|
A heuristic approach employing Newman's method for pattern identification was used to examine the theory of health as expanding consciousness in persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Themes derived from the interview of nine gay men portrayed a pattern of alienation during childhood, followed by a breaking away from family, and progressing to cycles of aloneness and searching. Recognition of HIV/AIDS in their lives brought them to a turning point of more meaningful connectedness. This pattern is viewed as expanding consciousness and possibly a phenomenon of cultural evolution.
|
['Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome', 'Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adult', 'Attitude to Health', 'Consciousness', 'Cultural Evolution', 'Family', 'HIV Infections', 'Health Behavior', 'Homosexuality', 'Human Development', 'Humans', 'Loneliness', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Nursing', 'Nursing Methodology Research', 'Shame', 'Social Alienation']
| 8,203,827
|
[['C01.221.250.875.040', 'C01.221.812.640.400.040', 'C01.778.640.400.040', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.040', 'C01.925.813.400.040', 'C01.925.839.040', 'C20.673.480.040'], ['F01.058'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['F02.463.188.409', 'F02.830.233'], ['I01.076.201.450.370'], ['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['F01.145.488'], ['F01.145.802.975.500', 'G08.686.867.500'], ['F01.525', 'G07.345.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.470.713', 'I01.880.853.748.435'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.599.645'], ['H01.770.644.145.390.634', 'H02.478.395.634', 'N04.590.233.508.613.634'], ['F01.470.483.666'], ['I01.880.853.748.755']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Study of the anatomical variations of vertebral artery in C2 vertebra with magnetic resonance imaging and its application in the C1-C2 transarticular screw fixation.
|
STUDY DESIGN: Use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with Constructive Interference in Steady State (CISS) sequence and isometric voxels to demonstrate the anatomic variations of vertebral artery in C2 vertebra.OBJECTIVES: To determine the transarticular screw trajectory on CISS MRI and to identify patients with anatomic variations of vertebral artery in C2 vertebra.SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Atlantoaxial transarticular screw fixation has been reported to be biomechanically superior to other posterior techniques for atlantoaxial arthrodesis. Vertebral artery injury can be associated with catastrophic sequelae. Anatomic variation of vertebral artery is well recognized and computed tomography scan is the traditional preoperative assessment. However, no report has evaluated the use of MRI in preoperative assessment for the screw trajectories and the anatomic variation of vertebral artery.METHODS: The 3-dimensional (3D) CISS MRI with isometric voxels was performed in 30 local Chinese patients. The 3D reconstruction images were created to determine the proposed screw trajectories and their relationship with the vertebral arteries.RESULTS: In 12 patients (40%), the vertebral arteries were lying within the screw trajectories prohibiting transarticular screw fixation on at least one side. Bilateral variations with high risk of vertebral artery injuries were found in 6 patients. The remaining 6 patients had unilateral variations prohibiting the insertion of transarticular screws on one side.CONCLUSION: The 3D CISS MRI with isometric voxels is a safe and simple imaging technique to outline the vertebral arteries in C2. Reconstruction images are easily created and undistorted. It is one of the useful imaging in preoperative planning of transarticular screw fixation and determination of anatomy of vertebral artery.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Atlanto-Axial Joint', 'Axis, Cervical Vertebra', 'Bone Screws', 'Cervical Atlas', 'Child', 'Female', 'Fracture Fixation', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Internal Fixators', 'Joint Instability', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Vertebral Artery']
| 20,118,834
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A02.835.583.097'], ['A02.835.232.834.151.383'], ['E07.695.370.437', 'E07.858.442.660.460.437', 'E07.858.690.725.460.437'], ['A02.835.232.834.151.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E04.555.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E07.695.370', 'E07.858.442.660.460', 'E07.858.690.725.460'], ['C05.550.521'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A07.015.114.955']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Role of remission clinics in the longitudinal treatment of CKD.
|
Heavy proteinuria is a major determinant of progression to ESRD for patients with chronic nephropathies and reducing proteinuria should be a key target for renoprotective therapy. In the Remission Clinic, we applied a multimodal intervention to target urinary proteins in 56 consecutive patients who had >3 g proteinuria/d despite angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy. We compared the rate of GFR decline and incidence of ESRD in this cohort with 56 matched historical reference subjects who had received conventional therapy titrated to a target BP. During a median follow-up of 4 yr, the monthly rate of GFR decline was significantly lower in the Remission Clinic cohort (median -0.17 versus -0.56 ml/min per 1.73 m2; P < 0.0001), and ESRD events were significantly reduced (3.6 versus 30.4% reached ESRD). Follow-up BP, cholesterol, and proteinuria were lower in Remission Clinic patients than in reference subjects, such that disease remission or regression was achieved in up to 50% of patients who would have been otherwise expected to progress rapidly to ESRD on conventional therapy. Proteinuria reduction independently predicted a slower rate of GFR decline and ESRD incidence, but response to treatment differed depending on the underlying disease. Regarding safety, no patient was with drawn because of hyperkalemia. In summary, multidrug treatment titrated to urinary protein level can be safely and effectively applied to normalize proteinuria and to slow the loss of renal function significantly,especially among patients without type 2 diabetes and with otherwise rapidly progressing chronic nephropathies.
|
['Algorithms', 'Chronic Disease', 'Cohort Studies', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'Humans', 'Kidney Diseases', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Proteinuria']
| 18,354,029
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E01.370.390.400.300', 'G08.852.357'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419', 'C13.351.968.419'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C12.777.934.734', 'C13.351.968.934.734', 'C23.888.942.750']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Limb deformity in a newborn. Is rifampicin just an innocent bystander?
|
OBJECTIVE: The first-line antituberculous agents for use during pregnancy have minimal teratogenic effects. The possibility of limb deformity during rifampin use, however, was reported by some researchers.CASE REPORT: A male newborn was born with a hypoplastic right forearm to a mother with tuberculosis who used isoniazid and rifampicin in the first two months of her pregnancy.CONCLUSIONS: The limb anomaly in our case might be attributed to rifampicin usage during the first 2 months of pregnancy. Caution should be given with regard to possible congenital malformations which could be associated with the treatment of pregnant women with antituberculous drugs.
|
['Antitubercular Agents', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications, Infectious', 'Rifampin', 'Tuberculosis', 'Upper Extremity Deformities, Congenital', 'Young Adult']
| 25,720,727
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085.255'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C01.674', 'C13.703.700'], ['D03.633.400.811.700', 'D04.345.295.750.700'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846'], ['C05.660.585.988', 'C16.131.621.585.988'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A simple identification scheme for coagulase negative staphylococci from bovine mastitis.
|
Coagulase-negative staphylococci from cases of bovine mastitis were identified to species level by using an identification scheme based on a three-plate test system which tested for DNase on DNA agar, for protease on calcium caseinate agar, and for the organism's sensitivity to novobiocin, desferrioxaminine (deferoxamine) and fosfomycin by agar diffusion tests. Testing for the inhibition of Staphylococcus delta haemolysin (Skalka 1991) can replace the protease tests.
|
['Agar', 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Coagulase', 'Deoxyribonucleases', 'Endopeptidases', 'Female', 'Fosfomycin', 'Mastitis, Bovine', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Staphylococcus', 'Staphylococcus epidermidis']
| 7,817,013
|
[['D09.698.360.041'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.174', 'D12.776.097.181'], ['D08.811.277.352.335'], ['D08.811.277.656.300'], ['D02.705.429.625'], ['C22.196.581'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750', 'B03.353.500.750.750', 'B03.510.100.750.750', 'B03.510.400.790.750'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.343', 'B03.353.500.750.750.343', 'B03.510.100.750.750.343', 'B03.510.400.790.750.343']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A novel role for RAD54: this host protein modulates geminiviral DNA replication.
|
Geminiviruses primarily encode only few factors, such as replication initiator protein (Rep), and need various host cellular machineries for rolling-circle replication (RCR) and/or recombination-dependent replication (RDR). We have identified a host factor, RAD54, in a screen for Rep-interacting partners and observed its role in DNA replication of the geminivirus mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV). We identified the interacting domains ScRAD54 and MYMIV-Rep and observed that ScRAD54 enhanced MYMIV-Rep nicking, ATPase, and helicase activities. An in vitro replication assay demonstrated that the geminiviral DNA replication reaction depends on the viral Rep protein, viral origin of replication sequences, and host cell-cycle proteins. Rad54-deficient yeast nuclear extract did not support in vitro viral DNA replication, while exogenous addition of the purified ScRAD54 protein enhanced replication. The role of RAD54 in in planta replication was confirmed by the transient replication assay; i.e., agroinoculation studies. RAD54 is a well-known recombination/repair protein that uses its DNA-dependent ATPase activity in conjunction with several other host factors. However, this study demonstrates for the first time that the eukaryotic rolling-circle replicon depends on the RAD54 protein.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Arabidopsis', 'Arabidopsis Proteins', 'Base Sequence', 'Begomovirus', 'DNA Helicases', 'DNA Repair Enzymes', 'DNA Replication', 'DNA, Viral', 'Host-Pathogen Interactions', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Peptide Library', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs', 'Protein Interaction Mapping', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Viral Nonstructural Proteins', 'Viral Proteins', 'Virus Replication']
| 22,171,001
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.100'], ['D12.776.765.149'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['B04.280.350.100', 'B04.715.270.100'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.159', 'D08.811.399.340'], ['D08.811.074'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['G06.462', 'G16.527.200'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.644.555', 'G02.111.570.060.620', 'G05.360.325.640'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.500'], ['E05.601.690'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['D12.776.964.900'], ['D12.776.964'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A Fetal ECG Monitoring System Based on the Android Smartphone.
|
In this paper, a fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring system based on the Android smartphone was proposed. We designed a portable low-power fetal ECG collector, which collected maternal abdominal ECG signals in real time. The ECG data were sent to a smartphone client via Bluetooth. Smartphone app software was developed based on the Android system. The app integrated the fast fixed-point algorithm for independent component analysis (FastICA) and the sample entropy algorithm, for the sake of real-time extraction of fetal ECG signals from the maternal abdominal ECG signals. The fetal heart rate was computed using the extracted fetal ECG signals. Experimental results showed that the FastICA algorithm can extract a clear fetal ECG, and the sample entropy can correctly determine the channel where the fetal ECG is located. The proposed fetal ECG monitoring system may be feasible for non-invasive, real-time monitoring of fetal ECGs.
|
['Algorithms', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Fetal Monitoring', 'Humans', 'Pregnancy', 'Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Smartphone', 'Software', 'Wearable Electronic Devices', 'Wireless Technology']
| 30,678,252
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['E01.370.378.230', 'E01.370.520.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['L01.224.800'], ['L01.178.847.698.300.250', 'L01.224.230.260.550.500.750'], ['L01.224.900'], ['E07.305.906'], ['L01.178.847.950']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Generalization of microdosimetric correlations for the non-Poisson random process].
|
The relationship between a radiation dose and moments of density of sensitive microvolumes distribution by the value of the absorbed specific energy was found for a random non-Poisson's distribution of the number of particle passages through a cell microvolume. A deviation from the Poisson's distribution was shown to cause a substantial modification of the microdosimetric results.
|
['Cells', 'Mathematics', 'Models, Biological', 'Radiation Dosage']
| 3,423,239
|
[['A11'], ['H01.548'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E05.799.513', 'G01.750.740', 'N06.850.810.250']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Differential impact of inflammation on six laboratory assays measuring residual arachidonic acid-inducible platelet reactivity during dual antiplatelet therapy.
|
AIMS: Inflammation has been postulated to modify the platelet response to aspirin treatment, thereby causing high on-treatment residual platelet reactivity (HRPR). Both high levels of inflammatory markers and HRPR have been linked to adverse cardiovascular events. We aimed to study the impact of inflammation on residual arachidonic acid (AA)-inducible platelet reactivity.METHODS: In 288 patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy, residual AA-inducible platelet reactivity was assessed using light transmission aggregometry (LTA), the VerifyNow assay, multiple electrode aggregometry (MEA) and the Impact-R. The levels of urinary 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 (D-TXB2), serum thromboxane B2 (TXB2), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were determined using immunoassays.RESULTS: The IL-6 level was found to be an independent predictor of platelet reactivity as determined according to LTA and D-TXB2 using a multiple linear regression analysis. Accordingly, patients with supramedian IL-6 levels exhibited significantly higher platelet reactivity than patients with inframedian IL-6 levels when determined according to LTA and D-TXB2 (both p ?0.02). High IL-6 levels were associated with a 3.6-fold (95%CI 2.1-6.4) increased risk of HRPR, as defined according to D-TXB2, and a 3.4-fold (95%CI 1.4-8.3) increased risk of HRPR, as defined according to MEA. The HsCRP level was found to be an independent predictor of platelet reactivity when determined according to LTA, D-TXB2, the Impact-R and TXB2 using a multiple linear regression analysis. High hsCRP levels were associated with a 3.6-fold (95%CI 1.3-10) increased risk of HRPR, as defined according to LTA, and a 2.5-fold (95%CI 1.3-4.6) increased risk of HRPR, as defined according to TXB2.CONCLUSIONS: Increased levels of inflammatory markers are independently associated with residual AA-inducible platelet reactivity in patients receiving dual antiplatelet treatment.
|
['Aged', 'Arachidonic Acids', 'Aspirin', 'Blood Platelets', 'C-Reactive Protein', 'Electrochemistry', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunoassay', 'Inflammation', 'Interleukin-6', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Platelet Aggregation', 'Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Risk Factors', 'Thromboxane B2']
| 23,739,624
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D10.251.355.255.100', 'D10.251.355.310.166'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.595.176'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['D12.776.034.145', 'D12.776.124.050.120', 'D12.776.124.486.157'], ['H01.181.529.307'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566', 'E05.601.470'], ['C23.550.470'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G09.188.370.687', 'G09.188.390.600.640'], ['D27.505.954.502.780'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['D10.251.355.255.100.825.810', 'D10.251.355.310.166.971.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Embolisation of renal arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in pregnancy.
|
A case of congenital renal arteriovenous malformation (AVM), presenting with profuse haematuria in the second trimester of pregnancy is reported. Selective embolisation with polyvinyl alcohol particles and absolute alcohol successfully ablated the lesion and a healthy infant was delivered at term five months later. Renal angiography at three years showed no evidence of the lesion.
|
['Adult', 'Arteriovenous Malformations', 'Balloon Occlusion', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kidney Diseases', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications']
| 11,394,340
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C14.240.850.750', 'C14.907.150', 'C16.131.240.850.750'], ['E02.148.106', 'E02.520.392.500', 'E02.926.500.074', 'E05.157.063'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419', 'C13.351.968.419'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Cryptic species of Archinome (Annelida: Amphinomida) from vents and seeps.
|
Since its description from the Galapagos Rift in the mid-1980s, Archinome rosacea has been recorded at hydrothermal vents in the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Only recently was a second species described from the Pacific Antarctic Ridge. We inferred the identities and evolutionary relationships of Archinome representatives sampled from across the hydrothermal vent range of the genus, which is now extended to cold methane seeps. Species delimitation using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) recovered up to six lineages, whereas concatenated datasets (COI, 16S, 28S and ITS1) supported only four or five of these as clades. Morphological approaches alone were inconclusive to verify the identities of species owing to the lack of discrete diagnostic characters. We recognize five Archinome species, with three that are new to science. The new species, designated based on molecular evidence alone, include: Archinome levinae n. sp., which occurs at both vents and seeps in the east Pacific, Archinome tethyana n. sp., which inhabits Atlantic vents and Archinome jasoni n. sp., also present in the Atlantic, and whose distribution extends to the Indian and southwest Pacific Oceans. Biogeographic connections between vents and seeps are highlighted, as are potential evolutionary links among populations from vent fields located in the east Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, and Atlantic and Indian Oceans; the latter presented for the first time.
|
['Animals', 'DNA, Intergenic', 'DNA, Mitochondrial', 'Ecosystem', 'Electron Transport Complex IV', 'Hydrothermal Vents', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phylogeny', 'Polychaeta', 'RNA, Ribosomal', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA']
| 24,026,823
|
[['B01.050'], ['D13.444.308.324', 'G05.360.340.024.220'], ['D13.444.308.283.225'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['D05.500.562.374', 'D08.811.600.250.687', 'D08.811.682.285', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.875.304', 'D12.776.543.277.687', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.875.484'], ['G01.311.355.750.500.400', 'G16.500.275.260.750'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['B01.050.500.091.700'], ['D13.444.735.686'], ['E05.393.760.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Hepatitis B virus candidate subgenotype I1 varies in distribution throughout Guangxi, China and may have originated in Long An county, Guangxi.
|
Sequencing of the complete hepatitis B virus (HBV) genomes from Vietnam, China and Laos led to the identification of a complex recombinant, referred to initially as an aberrant genotype and later proposed to be a new genotype, I. However, epidemiological data regarding this new genotype are lacking. A cross-sectional study was carried out to investigate the epidemiology of HBV candidate genotype I in Guangxi, China using stratified, random cluster sampling. Four thousand five hundred thirteen subjects were recruited from five counties within Guangxi. Three genotypes, B, C, and I, were identified with a prevalence of 32.6% (114/350), 64% (224/350), and 3.4% (12/350), respectively. All the genotype I isolates belong to candidate subgenotype I1 and were found in Bing Yang (15.3%, 9/59) and Na Po (5.0%, 3/60) counties only. The prevalence of this subgenotype is significantly higher in males (5.1%, 10/195) than in females (1.3%, 2/155; X(2) = 3.959, P < 0.05) but does not differ significantly with age. It was found in the Han (4.5%, 9/201) and Zhuang (3.1%, 3/97) ethnic populations only. There is no significant difference from other genotypes in the prevalence of HBV serological markers. Phylogeographic analysis revealed that genotype I1 likely arose in Long An county, then spread later to Bing Yang, Na Po counties and elsewhere in southeast Asia. In conclusion, the distribution of candidate genotype I within Guangxi is not even and it is highly endemic in some counties. Its prevalence is associated with gender and ethnicity. Subgenotype I1 likely originated in Long An county.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'China', 'Cluster Analysis', 'Cohort Studies', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'DNA, Viral', 'Ethnic Groups', 'Female', 'Genome, Viral', 'Genotype', 'Hepatitis B', 'Hepatitis B virus', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Molecular Epidemiology', 'Phylogeography', 'Prevalence', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Sex Factors', 'Young Adult']
| 23,508,905
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['M01.686.754', 'N01.224.317'], ['G05.360.340.358.840'], ['G05.380'], ['C01.221.250.500', 'C01.925.256.430.400', 'C01.925.440.435', 'C06.552.380.705.437'], ['B04.280.375.650.425', 'B04.450.390.650.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.416', 'E05.393.522', 'H01.158.201.636.475.500', 'H01.158.273.343.595.475.500', 'H01.181.122.650.475.550', 'H02.403.720.500.300', 'N06.850.520.470'], ['H01.158.273.343.335.500', 'H01.277.500.589'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Management of T1a vocal fold carcinoma].
|
About 2/3 of the larynx carcinomas affect the vocal chords. The main risk factor is smoking. Carcinomas in this localisation often arise from leukoplakias with dysplasia. A typical symptom is dysphonia. Arrest of vibration in microlaryngostroboscopy is a hint that a carcinoma could be present. Transoral laser cordectomy or radiotherapy show equivalent oncological results and results in quality of voice in the treatment of vocal fold carcinoma (T1a). As lymph node and distant metastasis are very rare, follow-up can concentrate on microlaryngoscopy. In case of a suspicious area on the vocal fold, biopsy of the affected tissue is needed to plan correct treatment. The prognosis of the T1 vocal chord carcinoma is quite good with a 5-year survival rate of almost 100%.
|
['Biopsy', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Cell Transformation, Neoplastic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Laryngeal Neoplasms', 'Laryngectomy', 'Laryngoscopy', 'Laser Therapy', 'Male', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Prognosis', 'Survival Rate', 'Vocal Cords']
| 23,929,210
|
[['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['C04.697.098.500', 'C23.550.727.098.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.443.665.481', 'C08.360.369', 'C08.785.481', 'C09.400.369', 'C09.647.481'], ['E04.580.369'], ['E01.370.386.460', 'E01.370.388.250.525', 'E04.502.250.525', 'E04.580.373'], ['E02.594', 'E04.014.520'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['A04.329.364.737']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Variations in serum sphingolipid levels associate with liver fibrosis progression and poor treatment outcome in hepatitis C virus but not hepatitis B virus infection.
|
UNLABELLED: Ablation of very-long-chain ceramides (Cers) with consecutive elevations in sphinganine levels has been shown to cause a severe hepatopathy in a knockout mouse model. We have recently shown that serum sphingolipids (SLs) are deregulated in patients with chronic liver disease. However, their role as possible biomarkers in liver fibrosis remains to date unexplored. We assessed, using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, serum concentrations of various SL metabolites in 406 patients with chronic viral hepatitis, 203 infected with genotype 1 hepatitis C virus (HCV) and 203 with hepatitis B virus (HBV), respectively. We observed significant variations of serum SLs, with sphingosine and sphinganine being, both in univariate (P<0.05) as well as in multivariate analysis, significantly associated to severity of liver fibrosis in HCV-infected patients (odds ratio [OR]: 1.111; confidence interval [CI]: 1.028-1.202; P=0.007 and OR, 0.634; CI, 0.435-0.925; P=0.018, respectively). Serum SLs correlated significantly with serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels as well as with insulin resistance, defined by the homeostatic model assessment index, in HCV patients. Sustained viral response rates in HCV patients were independently predicted by serum C24Cer (OR, 0.998; CI, 0.997-0.999; P=0.001), its unsaturated derivative C24:1Cer (OR, 1.001; CI, 1.000-1.002; P=0.059), and C18:1Cer (OR, 0.973; CI, 0.947-0.999; P=0.048), together with ferritin (OR, 1.006; CI, 1.003-1.010; P<0.001), alkaline phosphatase (OR, 1.020; CI, 1.001-1.039; P=0.032), and interleukin-28B genotype (OR, 9.483; CI, 3.139-28.643; P<0.001).CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrates a tight interaction between variations in serum SL levels and progression of liver fibrosis as well as responsiveness to antiviral therapy. Particularly, sphingosine, sphinganine, and C24Cer appear as promising novel biomarkers in chronic HCV infection and should be further evaluated within the noninvasive prediction of liver fibrosis.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Hepatitis B, Chronic', 'Hepatitis C, Chronic', 'Humans', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sphingolipids', 'Sphingosine']
| 25,348,752
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['C01.221.250.500.100', 'C01.925.256.430.400.100', 'C01.925.440.435.100', 'C06.552.380.350.100', 'C06.552.380.705.437.100'], ['C01.221.250.750.120', 'C01.925.440.440.120', 'C01.925.782.350.350.120', 'C06.552.380.350.120', 'C06.552.380.705.440.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.552.630', 'C23.550.355.412'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['D10.570.877'], ['D02.033.100.700', 'D02.033.455.843', 'D02.092.063.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Self-efficacy partially mediates the effect of a school-based physical-activity intervention among adolescent girls.
|
BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the effects of the Lifestyle Education for Activity Program (LEAP), a comprehensive school-based intervention emphasizing changes in instruction and school environment, on variables derived from social-cognitive theory (SCT) as mediators of change in physical activity among black and white adolescent girls.METHODS: Twenty-four high schools paired on enrollment size, racial composition, urban, suburban, or rural location, and class structure were randomized into control (n = 12) or experimental (n = 12) groups. There were 1038 girls in the control group and 1049 girls in the experimental group. The multicomponent intervention emphasized the enhancement of self-efficacy and development of behavioral skills by using curricular activities within physical education classes and health education instruction. The primary outcomes were self-efficacy, outcome-expectancy value, goal setting, satisfaction, and physical activity.RESULTS: Latent variable structural equation modeling indicated that: (1) self-efficacy and satisfaction exhibited synchronous, cross-sectional relationships with physical activity; (2) the intervention had direct effects on self-efficacy, goal setting, and physical activity; and (3) self-efficacy partially mediated the effect of intervention on physical activity.CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this study provides the first evidence from a randomized controlled trial that manipulation of self-efficacy results in increased physical activity among black and white adolescent girls. The results encourage the use of self-efficacy as a targeted, mediator variable in interventions designed to increase physical activity among girls.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adolescent Behavior', 'Exercise', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Self Efficacy', 'South Carolina']
| 15,066,366
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F01.145.022'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.752.747.792.700'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.662', 'Z01.107.567.875.750.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
The influence of upper limb position on the effect of a contrast agent in chest CT enhancement.
|
PURPOSE: To compare the influence of two different upper limb positions on contrast agent effects in chest CT enhancement.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 142 patients undergoing contrast-enhanced CT chest scanning, an indwelling venous catheter was placed in the right hand and iodinated contrast agent was injected through a high-pressure single syringe pump. The patients were divided into three age groups (<40 years; 40-60 years; and >60 years) and randomly assigned to one of two upper limb position groups: (1) supine position, both upper limbs extended and raised above head in the same horizontal plane as the body; and (2) supine position, both upper limbs raised and crossed on the forehead, with the right arm on top. Differences in mean CT values on the two sides of the thoracic inlet along the right subclavian vein were used to evaluate the effects of the contrast agent.RESULTS: Although contrast agent effects were not significantly different among the three age groups with either limb position, there was a significant difference between patients adopting the second limb positions (Chi-square value was 5.936, P<0.05). An excellent or good contrast agent effect was observed in 63.08% of patients assuming the first limb position, as compared with 81.69% assuming the second position.CONCLUSION: For contrast-enhanced CT chest scans, use of the second limb position can reduce retention of the contrast agent in the right axillary vein and the right subclavian vein outside the thorax, increase contrast agent utilization, and decrease artifacts caused by high-density, local retention of the contrast agent.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Algorithms', 'Arm', 'Artifacts', 'Contrast Media', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Iohexol', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Positioning', 'Radiographic Image Enhancement', 'Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Radiography, Thoracic', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Young Adult']
| 23,357,251
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['A01.378.800.075'], ['E05.047'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.241.223.100.400.880.400', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.375.880.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.670', 'N02.421.585.700'], ['E01.370.350.600.350.700', 'E01.370.350.700.700', 'L01.224.308.380.600'], ['E01.158.600.680', 'E01.370.350.350.700', 'E01.370.350.700.705', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600.680'], ['E01.370.350.700.730'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of in vitro exposure to autologous blood and serum on expression of interleukin-8, interleukin-1â, and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 in equine primary bronchial epithelial cell cultures.
|
OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of in vitro exposure to solutions of autologous horse blood (AHB) and autologous horse serum (AHS) on expressions of selected cytokine genes in equine primary bronchial epithelial cell (BEC) cultures and to contrast these responses to those induced in BEC cultures by endotoxin and hay dust.SAMPLE: BEC cultures established from bronchi of 6 healthy horses.PROCEDURES: 5-day-old BEC cultures were treated with PBS solution, AHB (2 concentrations), AHS, hay dust solution, and lipopolysaccharide solution for 24 hours. Gene expressions of interleukin (IL)-8, IL-1â, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 (CXCL2), and glyceralde-hyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase were subsequently measured with a kinetic PCR assay.RESULTS: With the exception of AHS, all treatments of the BECs resulted in upregulation of each target gene expression relative to its expression in cultures exposed to PBS solution. Treatment with AHB induced a dose-dependent increase of each target gene, with IL-1â expression increasing the most (> 1,200-fold increase). Lipopolysaccharide and hay dust solution treatments each resulted in 20-fold increases in IL-8 and IL-1â gene expressions. Lipopolysaccharide and hay dust solution treatments also resulted in a 7- and 8-fold increase in CXCL2 gene expression, respectively. The increases in IL-8 and CXCL2 gene expressions following treatment with the higher concentration of blood were equivalent to those associated with hay dust solution or lipopolysaccharide.CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggested that chemokine expression by cultured equine BECs following exposure to pulmonary hemorrhage conditions may contribute to the development of inflammatory airway disease in horses.
|
['Animals', 'Bronchi', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chemokine CXCL2', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Horses', 'Interleukin-1beta', 'Interleukin-8', 'Primary Cell Culture', 'Respiratory Mucosa', 'Serum']
| 22,280,393
|
[['B01.050'], ['A04.411.125'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.120.100', 'D12.644.276.374.200.600.940', 'D12.776.467.374.200.120.100', 'D12.776.467.374.200.600.940', 'D23.125.300.120.100', 'D23.125.300.600.940', 'D23.469.200.120.100', 'D23.469.200.600.940', 'D23.529.374.200.120.100', 'D23.529.374.200.600.940'], ['A11.436'], ['G05.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010.600', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400.600', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010.600', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400.600', 'D23.529.374.465.131.600', 'D23.529.374.500.400.600'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.120.800', 'D12.644.276.374.465.312', 'D12.776.467.374.200.120.800', 'D12.776.467.374.465.246', 'D23.125.300.120.800', 'D23.469.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.465.312'], ['E01.370.225.500.223.500', 'E05.200.500.265.500', 'E05.242.223.500', 'E05.481.500.249.500'], ['A04.760', 'A10.615.550.760'], ['A12.207.152.846', 'A15.145.846']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Targeting low-normal or high-normal mean arterial pressure after cardiac arrest and resuscitation: a randomised pilot trial.
|
PURPOSE: We aimed to determine the feasibility of targeting low-normal or high-normal mean arterial pressure (MAP) after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and its effect on markers of neurological injury.METHODS: In the Carbon dioxide, Oxygen and Mean arterial pressure After Cardiac Arrest and REsuscitation (COMACARE) trial, we used a 23 factorial design to randomly assign patients after OHCA and resuscitation to low-normal or high-normal levels of arterial carbon dioxide tension, to normoxia or moderate hyperoxia, and to low-normal or high-normal MAP. In this paper we report the results of the low-normal (65-75 mmHg) vs. high-normal (80-100 mmHg) MAP comparison. The primary outcome was the serum concentration of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) at 48 h after cardiac arrest. The feasibility outcome was the difference in MAP between the groups. Secondary outcomes included S100B protein and cardiac troponin (TnT) concentrations, electroencephalography (EEG) findings, cerebral oxygenation and neurological outcome at 6 months after cardiac arrest.RESULTS: We recruited 123 patients and included 120 in the final analysis. We found a clear separation in MAP between the groups (p < 0.001). The median (interquartile range) NSE concentration at 48 h was 20.6 µg/L (15.2-34.9 µg/L) in the low-normal MAP group and 22.0 µg/L (13.6-30.9 µg/L) in the high-normal MAP group, p = 0.522. We found no differences in the secondary outcomes.CONCLUSIONS: Targeting a specific range of MAP was feasible during post-resuscitation intensive care. However, the blood pressure level did not affect the NSE concentration at 48 h after cardiac arrest, nor any secondary outcomes.
|
['Aged', 'Arterial Pressure', 'Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation', 'Critical Care', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Hypotension', 'Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest', 'Phosphopyruvate Hydratase', 'Pilot Projects', 'Time Factors']
| 30,443,729
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['G09.330.380.076.347'], ['E02.365.647.110'], ['E02.760.190', 'N02.421.585.190'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['C14.907.514'], ['C10.228.140.300.150.716', 'C10.228.140.624.500', 'C14.907.253.092.716', 'C23.888.852.079.797.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.383.610'], ['D08.811.520.241.300.500'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Stimulating effect of ileal pancreaticobiliary secretion on ileal apolipoprotein A-IV mRNA expression in fasted rats.
|
The effect of pancreaticobiliary secretion on the intestinal expression of the apo A-IV gene was examined in fasted rats. Pancreaticobiliary diversion, but not biliary diversion alone, into the ileum increased the ileal apo A-IV mRNA expression by 24 h post-operation. Jejunal apo A-IV mRNA was reduced by biliary exclusion. The data suggest that the biliary constituent plays an important role in the apo A-IV gene expression in the entire length of the small intestine, and that up-regulation of the apo A-IV gene requires exocrine pancreatic in addition to biliary secretion.
|
['Animals', 'Apolipoproteins A', 'Biliary Tract', 'Biliopancreatic Diversion', 'Fasting', 'Ileum', 'Male', 'Pancreas', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Stimulation, Chemical', 'Up-Regulation']
| 9,178,567
|
[['B01.050'], ['D10.532.091.200', 'D12.776.070.400.200', 'D12.776.521.120.200'], ['A03.159'], ['E04.210.120.086', 'E04.210.169'], ['F01.145.407.400', 'G07.203.650.240.587', 'G07.203.650.353.400'], ['A03.556.124.684.249', 'A03.556.249.124'], ['A03.734'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['G07.690.773.996'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Distribution of spermidine and spermine in blood from cystic fibrosis patients and control subjects.
|
Previous studies have shown an abnormality of the spermidine-to-spermine (Spd/Spm) ratio in whole blood of cystic fibrosis homo-and heterozygotes. To investigate Spd and Spm distribution amoung blood components as a possible cause of the abnormality, blood was fractionated using Rabinowitz's glass bead technique and Boyum's Ficoll-Hypaque method. Free (unconjugated) polyamines were extracted with perchloric acid and quantitated on an amino acid analyzer. In controls, mean +/- SEM concentrations in nmoles/10(9) cells of Spd and Spm, respectively, were 1.02 +/- 0.08 and 0.894 +/- 0.28 for erythrocytes; 126 +/- 31 and 357 +/- 105 for lymphocytes; 36 +/- 16 and 240 +/- 33 for granulocytes; and less than 0.5 and less than 0.5 nmoles/ml for plasma. When converted to the concentration in whole blood, it was found that greater than 90% of Spd and over 70% of Spm was associated with erythrocytes. While the higher cellular concentration in leukocytes was not unexpected, the fact that Spd and Spm in whole blood were primarily associated with erythrocytes was a new finding. Comparison with controls revealed that the Spd/Spm ratio in both whole blood and erythrocytes was significantly higher in the group of cystic fibrosis patients.
|
['Cell Fractionation', 'Cell Separation', 'Citrates', 'Cystic Fibrosis', 'Heparin', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Polyamines', 'Spermidine', 'Spermine']
| 953,366
|
[['E05.242.251'], ['E01.370.225.500.363', 'E05.200.500.363', 'E05.242.363'], ['D02.241.081.901.434'], ['C06.689.202', 'C08.381.187', 'C16.320.190', 'C16.614.213'], ['D09.698.373.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.092.782'], ['D02.092.211.415.701.801', 'D02.092.782.677'], ['D02.092.211.415.701.801.821', 'D02.092.782.802']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Liver resection after irinotecan, 5-fluorouracil, and folinic acid for patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases: a multicenter phase II study by the Cancer Therapeutic Research Group.
|
The main objectives of this study were to assess the use of irinotecan, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and leucovorin (FA) as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases and to determine the response rate and proportion of patients that could be down-staged to resectable tumors. Forty patients were treated with irinotecan (180 mg/m2 over 30 min) on d 1, FA (200 mg/m2 over 30 min) followed by 5-FU (400 mg/m2 bolus and continuous infusion of 600 mg/m2 over 22 h) on d 1 and 2 every 2 wk. The overall response rate was 55% (95% CI: 39.5-70.4%). The progression-free survival was 12.1 mo (95% CI: 11.4-14.8 mo). The median overall survival was 20 mo (95% CI: 17.7-26.6 mo). Four patients (10%) have undergone liver resection after a median of eight cycles. Those patients remained alive with a median follow up period of 33 mo. The principal grade 3-4 toxicity was neutropenia in 20 patients (50%). We conclude that the regimen of irinotecan/5-FU/FA was highly active in patients with colorectal cancer and liver metastases with limited toxicity. In a subgroup of patients with initial inoperable liver metastases, this regimen was able to down-stage the disease to an operable stage.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Camptothecin', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Fluorouracil', 'Humans', 'Infusions, Intravenous', 'Irinotecan', 'Leucovorin', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoadjuvant Therapy', 'Neutropenia', 'Survival Analysis']
| 16,110,141
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['D03.132.151'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['E02.186'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.082.500', 'E02.319.267.510.590'], ['D03.132.151.425'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.400.800.350.450', 'D08.211.840.300.500'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.186.450'], ['C15.378.553.546.184.564'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The impact of metabolic syndrome on carotid intima media thickness.
|
OBJECTIVES: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities involving several cardiovascular risk factors. Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) is an important early screening tool to assess subclinical manifestation of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. We aimed to investigate the impact of MetS on CIMT in a large scaled community based study.METHODS: The study was conducted on 2102 participants. Carotid intima media thickness was measured in all of the participants. The study sample was divided into 4 groups; Group 1 subjects with a body mass index (BMI) < 25.0 kg/m2 [n = 499 (MetS- = 488, MetS+ = 11)], Group 2 BMI between 25.0 and 29.9 kg/m2 [n = 693 (MetS- = 559, MetS+ = 134)], Group 3 BMI between ? 30 kg/m2 and 39.9 kg/m2 [n = 822 (MetS- = 375, MetS+ = 477)], and Group 4 BMI ? 40 kg/m2 [n = 88 (MetS- = 27, MetS+ = 61)].RESULTS: Carotid intima media thickness was higher in the individuals with MetS compared to their normal counterparts. Furthermore, the subgroup analysis showed that CIMT values in Group 1 (0.55±0.18 vs 0.82±0.70; p < 0.001), Group 2 (0.59±0.20 vs 0.68±0.18; p < 0.001) and Group 3 (0.61±0.15 vs 0.65±0.18; p < 0.001) were significantly higher in subjects with MetS compared to their normal counterparts, whereas the values were similar in Group 4 (0.62±0.13 vs 0.65±0.17; p = 0.363).CONCLUSIONS: Carotid intima media thickness of overweight, obese and normal weight individuals without MetS were lower than their counterparts with MetS. MetS had no impact on CIMT in morbid obese individuals possibly due to established insulin resistance earlier than MetS.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Body Mass Index', 'Carotid Arteries', 'Carotid Intima-Media Thickness', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Male', 'Metabolic Syndrome', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Obesity, Morbid', 'Overweight', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Young Adult']
| 24,065,221
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['A07.015.114.186'], ['E01.370.350.850.150', 'E01.370.370.180', 'G09.330.210'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['C18.452.394.968.500.570', 'C18.452.625'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['C18.654.726.500.700', 'C23.888.144.699.500.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500.500'], ['C23.888.144.699', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A new graphical format to communicate treatment effects to patients-A web-based randomized controlled trial.
|
OBJECTIVE: Patients making treatment decisions require understandable evidence-based information. However, evidence on graphical presentation of benefits and side-effects of medical treatments is not conclusive. The study evaluated a new space-saving format, CLARIFIG (clarifying risk figures), aiming to facilitate accuracy of comprehension.METHODS: CLARIFIG displays groups of patients with and without treatment benefits as coloured sectors of a proportional bar graph representing in total 100 patients. Supplementary icons indicate the corresponding group's actual condition. The study used an application showing effects of immunotherapy intended to slow disease progression in multiple sclerosis (MS). In a four-arm web-based randomized controlled trial, CLARIFIG was compared to the reference standard, multifigure pictographs (MFP), regarding comprehension (primary outcome) and processing time. Both formats were presented as static and animated versions. People with MS were recruited through the website of the German MS society.RESULTS: Six hundred and eighty-two patients were randomized and analysed for the primary end point. There were no differences in comprehension rates (MFPstatic =46%, CLARIFIGstatic =44%; P=.59; MFPanimated =23%, CLARIFIGanimated =30%; P=.134). Processing time for CLARIFIG was shorter only in the animated version (MFPstatic =162 seconds, CLARIFIGstatic =155 seconds; P=.653; MFPanimated =286 seconds, CLARIFIGanimated =189 seconds; P?.001). However, both animated versions caused more wrong answers and longer processing time than static presentation (MFPstatic vs animated : P?.001/.001, CLARIFIGstatic vs animated : P=.027/.017).CONCLUSION: Comprehension of the new format is comparable to MFP. CLARIFIG has the potential to simplify presentation in more complex contexts such as comparison of several treatment options in patient decision aids, but further studies are needed.
|
['Adult', 'Communication', 'Computer Graphics', 'Decision Making', 'Decision Support Techniques', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Internet', 'Male', 'Patient Education as Topic', 'Patient Preference', 'Risk Assessment']
| 27,981,688
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['L01.224.108', 'L01.296.110'], ['F02.463.785.373'], ['E05.245', 'L01.313.500.750.190'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['I02.233.332.500', 'N02.421.726.407.680'], ['F01.100.150.750.625.500', 'F01.145.488.887.625.500', 'N04.452.822.700.500', 'N05.300.150.800.625.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A HIV-Tat/C4-binding protein chimera encoded by a DNA vaccine is highly immunogenic and contains acute EcoHIV infection in mice.
|
DNA vaccines are cost-effective to manufacture on a global scale and Tat-based DNA vaccines have yielded protective outcomes in preclinical and clinical models of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), highlighting the potential of such vaccines. However, Tat-based DNA vaccines have been poorly immunogenic, and despite the administration of multiple doses and/or the addition of adjuvants, these vaccines are not in general use. In this study, we improved Tat immunogenicity by fusing it with the oligomerisation domain of a chimeric C4-binding protein (C4b-p), termed IMX313, resulting in Tat heptamerisation and linked Tat to the leader sequence of tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) to ensure that the bulk of heptamerised Tat is secreted. Mice vaccinated with secreted Tat fused to IMX313 (pVAX-sTat-IMX313) developed higher titres of Tat-specific serum IgG, mucosal sIgA and cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses, and showed superior control of EcoHIV infection, a surrogate murine HIV challenge model, compared with animals vaccinated with other test vaccines. Given the crucial contribution of Tat to HIV-1 pathogenesis and the precedent of Tat-based DNA vaccines in conferring some level of protection in animal models, we believe that the virologic control demonstrated with this novel multimerised Tat vaccine highlights the promise of this vaccine candidate for humans.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins', 'Chimera', 'HIV Antibodies', 'HIV Infections', 'HIV-1', 'Humans', 'Immunity, Cellular', 'Mice', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Survivin', 'Vaccines, DNA', 'tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus']
| 27,358,023
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.644.360.075', 'D12.776.476.075'], ['B05.200'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254.150.440', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254.150.440', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254.150.440'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.450.050.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['D12.644.360.075.437.625', 'D12.776.167.576', 'D12.776.220.600.450.495', 'D12.776.476.075.437.625'], ['D12.776.828.868.910', 'D20.215.894.865.910', 'D23.050.865.910'], ['D12.776.260.755.199.500', 'D12.776.930.900.199.500', 'D12.776.964.775.562.773', 'D12.776.964.900.750.750.500', 'D12.776.964.925.984.400.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Analysis of the application values of different combination schemes of liquid-based cytology and high-risk human papilloma virus test in the screening of high-grade cervical lesions.
|
The aim of this study was to explore the value of different combination schemes of liquid-based cytology (LBC) and high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) test in the screening of high-grade (?CIN 2) cervical lesions. From 5727 women who had undergone examinations with LBC and high-risk HPV test, 1884 patients with positive results of either or both LBC and HPV test were included in this study and underwent cervical biopsy. Based on the pathological examination results, comparisons of the assessment indicators of all diagnostic tests were made, and the application values of LBC and high-risk HPV test and different combination schemes of the two in the screening of high-grade (?CIN II) cervical lesions were estimated. Compared with the single test method, the sensitivity and negative predictive value of the combination scheme of LBC+HPV (with one positive result) were increased significantly (98.7% and 99.7%), but the specificity (60.8%) and accuracy rate (65.4%) dropped significantly (P<0.05). The sensitivity of LBC+HPV (with two positive results) was the lowest (80.7%), but the specificity and accuracy rate were the highest (83.5% and 83.1%, P<0.05). Z test showed that differences in the screening efficiency of four schemes were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Both LBC and HPV test were effective methods in the screening of high-grade cervical lesions; combination of the two tests did not improve the screening efficiency, but the scheme of LBC+HPV (with two positive results) significantly increased the sensitivity and negative predictive value, which was of better cost-benefit value.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia', 'Diagnostic Screening Programs', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Liquid Biopsy', 'Middle Aged', 'Papillomavirus Infections', 'Precancerous Conditions', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Young Adult']
| 30,484,489
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.240.250'], ['N02.421.726.233.138'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.396', 'E01.370.225.998.054.396', 'E05.200.500.384.100.396', 'E05.200.998.054.396', 'E05.242.384.100.396'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.925.256.650', 'C01.925.928.725'], ['C04.834'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Properties and subcellular localization of myocardial fatty acyl-coenzyme A oxidase.
|
The properties and subcellular localization of fatty acyl-CoA oxidase (FAO) were studied in rat heart homogenates. After differential centrifugation, FAO was sedimentable and enriched in a "light-mitochondrial" fraction. FAO had a pH optimum of 8-9. Among straight-chain, saturated fatty acyl-CoAs, the enzyme showed a marked preference for medium chain substrates (C12 greater than C10 = C8 greater than C16 = C14 greater than C6) over a concentration range up to 100 microM. No activity was observed with C4-CoA. The apparent Michaelis constant (Km) for C12-CoA was 5-10 microM. After removal of nuclei by low-speed centrifugation, combined subcellular particle preparations were obtained by high-speed centrifugation and layered on linear density gradients of metrizamide. After density equilibration, FAO showed a symmetric distribution centered at p = 1.16-1.18, like that of the enzyme catalase, a marker for microperoxisomes. In contrast, enzyme markers for mitochondria, lysosomes, sarcolemma, and sarcoplasmic reticulum were recovered in low-density regions of the gradient. These results provide a direct demonstration of fatty acyl-CoA oxidase in cardiac tissue and its association with microperoxisomes.
|
['Acyl-CoA Oxidase', 'Animals', 'Cell Fractionation', 'Centrifugation, Density Gradient', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Myocardium', 'Oxidoreductases', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Subcellular Fractions']
| 3,414,812
|
[['D08.811.682.660.150.200', 'D12.776.331.149'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.242.251'], ['E05.181.724.336', 'E05.196.941.336'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['D08.811.682'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['A11.284.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of the internal and external responsiveness of the Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH) tool for assessing acute and chronic wounds.
|
AIM: To examine the internal and external responsiveness of the Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH) tool for assessing the healing progress in acute and chronic wounds.BACKGROUND: It is important to establish the responsiveness of instruments used in conducting wound care assessments to ensure that they are able to capture changes in wound healing accurately over time.DESIGN: Prospective longitudinal observational study.METHOD: The key study instrument was the PUSH tool. Internal responsiveness was assessed using paired t-testing and effect size statistics. External responsiveness was assessed using multiple linear regression. All new patients with at least one eligible acute or chronic wound, enrolled in the Nurse and Allied Health Clinic-Wound Care programme between 1 December 2012 - 31 March 2013 were included for analysis (N = 541).RESULTS: Overall, the PUSH tool was able to detect statistically significant changes in wound healing between baseline and discharge. The effect size statistics were large. The internal responsiveness of the PUSH tool was confirmed in patients with a variety of different wound types including venous ulcers, pressure ulcers, neuropathic ulcers, burns and scalds, skin tears, surgical wounds and traumatic wounds. After controlling for age, gender and wound type, subjects in the 'wound improved but not healed' group had a smaller change in PUSH scores than those in the 'wound healed' group. Subjects in the 'wound static or worsened' group had the smallest change in PUSH scores. The external responsiveness was confirmed.CONCLUSION: The internal and external responsiveness of the PUSH tool confirmed that it can be used to track the healing progress of both acute and chronic wounds.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Chronic Disease', 'Empirical Research', 'Female', 'Hong Kong', 'Humans', 'Linear Models', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Wound Healing', 'Wounds and Injuries']
| 26,750,541
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['H01.770.644.241'], ['Z01.252.474.164.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['G16.762.891'], ['C26']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Quantitative studies on the accumulation of serum albumin and erythrocytes in mouse paw oedema induced by bradykinin or thermal injury.
|
The accumulation of 125I-labelled serum albumin and 51Cr-labelled erythrocytes was measured in mouse paw oedema induced by bradykinin or by heating the paw at 46.5 degrees. The extravasating fluid in bradykinin oedema consistently contained 50% of the albumin concentration of plasma, whereas the extravasating fluid induced by thermal injury initially had a low albumin content, but it progressively increased over a period of 30-40 min to equal albumin levels in plasma. Thermal injury also caused the extravascular accumulation of erythrocytes. Errors involved in attempting to measure the albumin content of the additional extravascular fluid in inflammation are discussed. Adrenaline suppressed bradykinin oedema, but potentiated thermal injury. These results do not support the view that bradykinin is the inflammatory mediator in thermally-induced oedema.
|
['Animals', 'Bradykinin', 'Burns', 'Edema', 'Epinephrine', 'Erythrocytes', 'Female', 'Inflammation', 'Mice', 'Serum Albumin', 'Time Factors']
| 638,029
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.644.276.812.169', 'D12.644.400.090', 'D12.644.456.193', 'D12.776.467.812.169', 'D12.776.631.650.090', 'D23.469.050.375.110', 'D23.529.812.169'], ['C26.200'], ['C23.888.277'], ['D02.033.100.291.310', 'D02.092.063.291.310', 'D02.092.211.215.454', 'D02.092.311.461', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.461'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['C23.550.470'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.034.841', 'D12.776.124.727'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Clinical trial of tramadol by means of the "paired card" system (author's transl)].
|
1. 1-(m-Methoxyphenyl)-2-(dimethylaminomethyl)-cyclohexan-1-ol (tramadol; Tramal) was administered i.v. to patients suffering from pain of various origins. Its efficacy and side effects were compared with those of metamizole and placebo. 2. Tramadol (100 mg) was as effective as metamizole (2.5 mg) and significantly more effective than placebo. 3. All three compounds showed no significant differences in type and number of side effects.
|
['Analgesics', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Cyclohexanols', 'Dipyrone', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Drug Evaluation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pain', 'Placebos', 'Statistics as Topic']
| 343,788
|
[['D27.505.696.663.850.014', 'D27.505.954.427.040'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['D02.033.415.510.500', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.318', 'D10.289.510.500'], ['D03.383.129.539.850.077.150'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['E05.290.625', 'E05.337.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['D26.660', 'E02.785'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Catabolite repression and pyruvate metabolism in Escherichia coli.
|
A study was made of the reactions involved in the cellular regulatory function known as catabolite repression. These studies employed the glucose-repressible, beta-galactosidase system of Escherichia coli and involved an investigation of glucose dissimilation under cultural conditions capable of permitting or preventing expression of catabolite repression. The results indicated that reactions associated with pyruvate decarboxylation are of particular importance in influencing repression. This conclusion was based on results obtained by measurement of differential rates of C(14)O(2) evolution from specifically labeled (14)C-glucose substrates, and by measurements of H(2) evolution during anaerobic growth. Catabolite repression measured in relation to steady-state growth rates indicated that the repression mechanism may in fact be a direct consequence of a cell's energy balance, as dictated by the production from pyruvate of "high-energy" molecules such as adenosine triphosphate or acetyl-coenzyme A. The apparent involvement of pyruvate metabolism in both the energetics and the expression of catabolite repression in E. coli is consistent with this view.
|
['Carbon Isotopes', 'Enzyme Repression', 'Escherichia coli', 'Galactosidases', 'Glucose', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Pyruvates']
| 5,337,847
|
[['D01.268.150.075', 'D01.496.123'], ['G05.308.320.300'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D08.811.277.450.410'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['G03.680'], ['D02.241.755.812']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of sequential twin screw extrusion and fungal pretreatment to release soluble nutrients from soybean residue for carotenoid production.
|
BACKGROUND: Soybean residue (okara) is an agricultural by-product, which is rich in protein and fiber. This study evaluated a novel sequential process which combined fungal pretreatment (F) and twin screw extruder (E), to hydrolyze okara. The sequence of the pretreatment steps, and extruder at screw speeds 200 rpm (200) or 600 rpm (600), were tested. Next, soluble nutrients were extracted to create Fokara, EFokara200, EFokara600, FEokara200 and FEokara600 okara media.RESULTS: All the prepared okara media could support the growth and carotenoid production by the yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides. This suggested that okara proteins and polysaccharides were successfully hydrolyzed by extrusion and fungal pretreatment, into soluble nutrients. Rhodosporidium toruloides accumulated the highest biomass of 23.7 mg mL-1 dry cell weight (DCW), when grown on FEokara600 media. This was higher as compared to commercial YPG (yeast extract-peptone-glycerol) media (18.7 mg mL-1 DCW). However, R. toruloides accumulated the highest carotenoid production of 13.2 µg mL-1 when grown on EFokara200 media as the nutrient source. This was comparable to carotenoid production of 13.1 µg mL-1 when R. toruloides was grown on YPG media.CONCLUSION: Extrusion in combination with fungal pretreatment, is a low cost process, to hydrolyze and re-use okara, for carotenoid production. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
|
['Basidiomycota', 'Carotenoids', 'Fermentation', 'Food Handling', 'Plant Extracts', 'Soybeans', 'Waste Products']
| 30,411,355
|
[['B01.300.179'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249', 'D02.455.849.131', 'D23.767.261'], ['G02.111.158.249', 'G03.191.249'], ['J01.576.423.200'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.750'], ['D20.944', 'N06.850.460.710']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Correlation of MRI-derived adipose tissue measurements and anthropometric markers with prevalent hypertension in the community.
|
OBJECTIVES: To compare the correlations of MRI-derived adipose tissue measurements and anthropometric markers, respectively, with prevalent hypertension in a community-based sample, free of clinical cardiovascular disease.METHODS: MRI-derived adipose tissue measurements were obtained in 345 participants (143 women; age 39-73 years) of the KORA FF4 survey from Southern Germany using a 3-Tesla machine and included total adipose tissue (TAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT), hepatic fat fraction (HFF), pancreatic fat fraction (PFF) as well as pericardial adipose tissue (PAT). In addition, the anthropometric markers body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-height ratio (WHtR) as well as blood pressure measurements were obtained.RESULTS: The prevalence of hypertension was 33.6% (women: 28%, men: 38%). VAT and PAT had the highest area under the curve (AUC) values for identifying individuals with prevalent hypertension (AUC: 0.75; 0.73, respectively), whereas WHtR and waist circumference were best performing anthropometric markers (AUC: 0.72; 0.70, respectively). A 1SD increment of TAT was associated with the highest odd for hypertension in the age-adjusted and sex-adjusted model (OR = 2.20, 95% CI 1.67-2.91, P < 0.001) and in the fully adjusted model (OR = 1.97, 95% CI 1.45-2.66, P < 0.001). TAT was the only MRI-derived adipose tissue measurement that was associated with hypertension independently of the best performing anthropometric marker waist circumference in the fully adjusted model (OR = 1.93, 95% CI 1.00-3.72, P = 0.049).CONCLUSION: MRI-derived adipose tissue measurements perform similarly in identifying prevalent hypertension compared with anthropometric markers. Especially, TAT, VAT and PAT as well as WHtR and waist circumference were highly correlated with prevalent hypertension.
|
['Aged', 'Area Under Curve', 'Blood Pressure', 'Body Mass Index', 'Female', 'Germany', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Intra-Abdominal Fat', 'Liver', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreas', 'Pericardium', 'Prevalence', 'Subcutaneous Fat', 'Waist Circumference', 'Waist-Hip Ratio']
| 29,601,409
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.740.200', 'G03.787.101', 'G07.690.725.064', 'N06.850.520.830.200'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['A10.165.114.830.500.500'], ['A03.620'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A03.734'], ['A07.541.795', 'A10.615.789.470'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['A10.165.114.830.750'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160.560', 'E05.041.124.160.875', 'G07.100.100.160.560'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.960', 'E05.041.124.946', 'G07.100.100.960']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A rare presentation of tuberculosis.
|
Primary involvement of the musculoskeletal system with tuberculosis is rare. We present a case of a young, immunocompetent woman with primary sternal tuberculosis. The disease led to destruction of the manubrium and a portion of the gladiolus and required extensive debridement and partial sternectomy, followed by musculocutaneous flap closure. Long-term postoperative management included four-drug antitubercular therapy.
|
['Adult', 'Biopsy', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis', 'Sternum', 'Surgical Flaps', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular']
| 16,494,195
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['E01.171'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.702', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.702'], ['A02.835.232.570.750'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.843', 'C01.160.886', 'C05.116.165.886']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
In Depth Analysis of Kinase Cross Screening Data to Identify CAMKK2 Inhibitory Scaffolds.
|
The calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 (CAMKK2) activates CAMK1, CAMK4, AMPK, and AKT, leading to numerous physiological responses. The deregulation of CAMKK2 is linked to several diseases, suggesting the utility of CAMKK2 inhibitors for oncological, metabolic and inflammatory indications. In this work, we demonstrate that STO-609, frequently described as a selective inhibitor for CAMKK2, potently inhibits a significant number of other kinases. Through an analysis of literature and public databases, we have identified other potent CAMKK2 inhibitors and verified their activities in differential scanning fluorimetry and enzyme inhibition assays. These inhibitors are potential starting points for the development of selective CAMKK2 inhibitors and will lead to tools that delineate the roles of this kinase in disease biology.
|
['Animals', 'Benzimidazoles', 'Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Kinase', 'Humans', 'Naphthalimides', 'Protein Kinase Inhibitors']
| 31,941,153
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.633.100.103'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.125.049', 'D12.644.360.100.049', 'D12.776.476.100.049'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.478.480', 'D03.383.621.808.612', 'D03.633.100.531.460', 'D04.615.638.596'], ['D27.505.519.389.755']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hyperhidrosis in na?ve purpose-bred beagle dogs (Canis familiaris).
|
This case study details the unusual clinical findings in a unique paw-pad disorder that recently emerged among 2 male and 1 female na?ve purpose-bred beagle dogs (Canis familiaris) newly received into our facility. During acclimation period physical examinations, the affected dogs demonstrated constantly moist, soft paw pads on all 4 feet. No information was available regarding the epidemiology and pathogenesis of this pad condition in beagle dogs. Here, we report the results of physical examination, clinical chemistry analysis, hematology, histopathology, detailed observations, and novel testing techniques performed during the acclimation period. Histopathology of several sections of affected footpads was compared with that of an age-matched dog with clinically normal paw pads. We describe the morphologic features of a distinctive cutaneous canine footpad condition and discuss the possible differential diagnoses. The histologic and clinical features were most consistent with those of hyperhidrosis; to our knowledge, this report is the first description of hyperhidrosis as a distinct condition in purpose-bred beagle dogs.
|
['Animals', 'Breeding', 'Dog Diseases', 'Dogs', 'Female', 'Foot', 'Hyperhidrosis', 'Male', 'Skin']
| 21,640,037
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.820.150', 'G05.090'], ['C22.268'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['A01.378.610.250'], ['C17.800.946.350'], ['A17.815']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Plasma ionic calcium levels following injection of chloride, gluconate, and gluceptate salts of calcium.
|
The ionic equivalency of three calcium salts was tested in 15 patients undergoing cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation. Of the three salts tested (chloride, gluconate, gluceptate), only calcium chloride showed a reproducible and highly significant relationship between the increase in total calcium and the increase in ionic calcium. It is suggested that extracorporeal circulation may be one clinical situation in which use of a calcium electrode may be of major value. The marked distortion of plasma proteins and pH, the addition of large amounts of citrate, and the differences between various calcium salts indicate that it is probably not possible to predict ionic calcium with assurance and that direct measurement may be necessary for optimal therapy.
|
['Buffers', 'Calcium', 'Calcium Chloride', 'Gluconates', 'Heart Arrest', 'Hematocrit', 'Hemoglobins', 'Heptoses', 'Humans', 'Oxygen', 'Potassium', 'Sodium', 'Sugar Acids']
| 1,263,543
|
[['D27.720.470.280'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D01.146.300', 'D01.210.450.150.150'], ['D02.241.081.844.322', 'D02.241.511.902.322', 'D09.811.308'], ['C14.280.383'], ['E01.370.225.625.400', 'E05.200.625.400', 'G09.188.370.374'], ['D12.776.124.400', 'D12.776.422.316.762'], ['D09.947.875.286'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['D02.241.081.844', 'D02.241.511.902', 'D09.811']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Deficiency in type I interferon signaling prevents the early interferon-induced gene signature in pancreatic islets but not type 1 diabetes in NOD mice.
|
Type I interferons (IFNs) have been implicated in the initiation of islet autoimmunity and development of type 1 diabetes. To directly test their involvement, we generated NOD mice deficient in type I IFN receptors (NOD.IFNAR1(-/-)). Expression of the type I IFN-induced genes Mx1, Isg15, Ifit1, Oas1a, and Cxcr4 was detectable in NOD islets as early as 1 week of age. Of these five genes, expression of Isg15, Ifit1, Oas1a, and Mx1 peaked at 3-4 weeks of age, corresponding with an increase in Ifná mRNA, declined at 5-6 weeks of age, and increased again at 10-14 weeks of age. Increased IFN-induced gene expression was ablated in NOD.IFNAR1(-/-) islets. Loss of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) resulted in reduced islet expression of Mx1 at 2 weeks of age, but TLR2 or TLR9 deficiency did not change the expression of other IFN-induced genes in islets compared with wild-type NOD islets. We observed increased â-cell major histocompatibility complex class I expression with age in NOD and NOD.IFNAR1(-/-) mice. NOD.IFNAR1(-/-) mice developed insulitis and diabetes at a similar rate to NOD controls. These results indicate type I IFN is produced within islets in young mice but is not essential for the initiation and progression of diabetes in NOD mice.
|
['Animals', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Gene Expression', 'Histocompatibility Antigens Class I', 'Interferon Type I', 'Islets of Langerhans', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Inbred NOD', 'Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta', 'Signal Transduction', 'Toll-Like Receptor 2', 'Toll-Like Receptor 9']
| 24,353,186
|
[['B01.050'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['G05.297'], ['D12.776.395.550.489', 'D12.776.543.550.439', 'D23.050.301.500.100', 'D23.050.705.552.100'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890', 'D23.529.374.440.890'], ['A03.734.414', 'A06.300.414'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.565', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.565'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.400.500'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.910.500.200'], ['D12.776.260.750', 'D12.776.543.750.705.910.500.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Serum 25-OH vitamin D level in treatment-na?ve systemic lupus erythematosus patients: Relation to disease activity, IL-23 and IL-17.
|
Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the vitamin D status in treatment-na?ve SLE patients and its association with clinical and laboratory markers of disease activity, including serum levels of IL-17 and IL-23. Methods Fifty-seven treatment-na?ve SLE patients along with 42 matched controls were included. SLEDAI score was used to estimate disease activity. Serum levels of 25(OH) D, IL-17 and IL-23 were measured. Results The median level of 25(OH) D in SLE patients (40.8; 4-70 ng/ml) was significantly lower than in the controls (47; 25-93 ng/ml) ( P = 0.001). A total of 38.6% of SLE cases had 25 (OH) D levels < 30 ng/ml (hypovitaminosis D) vs. 4.8% of the controls ( P < 0.0001). Apart from thrombocytopenia, vitamin D was not associated with clinical signs of SLE. There were negative correlations between serum 25(OH) D and serum levels of IL-17, IL-23 and ANA (rho = -0.5, -0.8, -0.5, P ? 0.05) in SLE patients. Conclusion Hypovitaminosis D is prevalent in treatment na?ve SLE patients. It contributes to ANA antibody production and is associated with high serum levels of IL-23 and IL-17; thus they may trigger the inflammatory process in SLE.
|
['Adult', 'Antibodies, Antinuclear', 'Biomarkers', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Egypt', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-17', 'Interleukin-23', 'Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prevalence', 'Vitamin D', 'Vitamin D Deficiency']
| 27,927,883
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323.204', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323.204', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323.204'], ['D23.101'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['Z01.058.266.317'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.517', 'D12.776.467.374.465.517', 'D23.529.374.465.517'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.759', 'D12.776.467.374.465.759', 'D23.529.374.465.550'], ['C17.300.480', 'C20.111.590'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['D04.210.500.812.768'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.770']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Influence of autogenous platelet concentrate on combined GTR/graft therapy in intrabony defects: a 7-year follow-up of a randomized prospective clinical split-mouth study.
|
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the influence of autogenous platelet concentrate (APC) on the long-term regeneration outcome 7 years after guided tissue regeneration (GTR) in deep intrabony periodontal defects.MATERIAL AND METHODS: In 25 patients, two deep contra-lateral intrabony defects were treated according to GTR (randomized split-mouth-design). In the test defects, APC was additionally applied. After 7 years, healing results were assessed clinically by a blinded examiner and compared to baseline and 12-months results. Furthermore, a tooth survival analysis was performed.RESULTS: After 7 years, 23 patients were available for survival analysis and 16 patients for split-mouth analysis; 84% of the test and control teeth were still in situ. In both groups, the median attachment level of 10.5 mm [(25/75%): test 9.0/13.0, control 10.0/12.0] at baseline was significantly (p ? 0.05) reduced to 6.0 mm [test 4.0/6.8, control 5.0/7.0] after 1 year. Six years later, it had increased again to 7.0 mm in test sites [5.3/10.0] (p ? 0.05) and had remained stable in control sites [5.0/7.8] (p > 0.05). Bleeding on Probing (BOP) had increased in both groups. During the last 6 years, only 26% of the patients received a structured supportive periodontal therapy in the clinic.CONCLUSION: Within its limitations, the present study indicates that the clinical outcome of GTR therapy can be maintained over 7 years. However, the additional use of APC may even have a possibly negative influence on the long-term stability.
|
['Alveolar Bone Loss', 'Blood Transfusion, Autologous', 'Bone Transplantation', 'Dental Plaque Index', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Gingival Recession', 'Gingivitis', 'Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Patient Compliance', 'Periodontal Attachment Loss', 'Periodontal Index', 'Periodontal Pocket', 'Platelet Transfusion', 'Prospective Studies', 'Tooth Extraction', 'Tooth Loss', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 22,486,272
|
[['C05.116.264.150', 'C07.465.714.354.500'], ['E02.095.135.164'], ['E02.095.147.725.052', 'E04.555.130', 'E04.936.580.052'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.300.300', 'E06.208.250', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.300.325', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.300.300', 'N06.890.160.090'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C07.465.714.258.447', 'C07.465.714.354.625'], ['C01.408', 'C07.465.714.258.480'], ['E04.680.300.500', 'E06.645.410', 'E06.721.485'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.600', 'F01.145.488.887.500.600', 'N05.300.150.800.500.600'], ['C07.465.714.354.750'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.300.725', 'E06.208.720', 'E06.721.658', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.300.690', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.300.725', 'N06.890.160.215'], ['C07.465.714.533.750'], ['E02.095.135.140.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E04.545.700', 'E06.645.700'], ['C07.465.714.804', 'C07.793.870'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The use of fruit extracts for production of apple chips with enhanced antioxidant activity
|
Background: Style and pace of life make consumers more willing to reach for snack products. This group of processed food includes, among others, fruit chips. Due to the increasing incidence of diseases associated with the excessive exposure to free radicals foods enriched with antioxidant compounds, eg. polyphenols, can be introduced into the sale.Objective: The aim of the study was to use the fruit extracts for the production of apple chips with enhanced antioxidant activity.Material and methods: ‘Golden Delicious’ variety of apple fruit was used to produce chips. Apple chips were prepared by slicing, soaking in a sugar solution and pre-drying in a microwave oven. Chips were enriched with extracts prepared from fruits of chokeberry, five-flavor berry, Cornelian cherry, woodland hawthorn, goji berry, Japanese quince and cranberry microcarpa. For this purpose, pre-dried apple slices were soaked (5 min) in ethanolic extract of fruits and then dried to achieve a 5% moisture content. Chips were sensory evaluated and their antioxidant activity and total polyphenols content were determined.Results: All enriched apple chips were characterized by high antioxidant activity and a relatively high value of total polyphenols content. Chips soaked in extracts of five-flavor berry, cranberry and goji berry were characterized by the highest antioxidant potential. Samples obtained by using chokeberry and Cornelian cherry extracts showed the highest content of polyphenols. High sensory attractiveness of enriched chips was also showed. The chips with the addition of fiveflavor berry extract were exceptions. Their taste was not acceptable.Conclusions: Fruit extracts are a valuable material for chips enrichment. Taking into account all the analyzed differentiators, extracts of Japanese quince, goji berry and woodland hawthorn were found to be the best enriching additives. The chips soaked in extract of five-flavor berry, despite their high antioxidant activity, were disqualified due to very low score of sensory evaluation.
|
['Antioxidants', 'Food, Fortified', 'Fruit', 'Malus', 'Plant Extracts', 'Polyphenols', 'Snacks']
| 28,646,833
|
[['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['G07.203.300.515', 'J02.500.515'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.937.500.444'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.715', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.260.777'], ['G07.203.300.590.780', 'J02.500.590.780']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Experience based on 800,000 newborn screening tests of the Budapest Phenylketonuria Centre.
|
800 000 newborns were screened for hyperphenylalaninaemia by the Guthrie-test in the Budapest PKU Centre in the 10 and a half years since 1 May, 1973. The blood samples were taken from mature newborns on the fifth and from premature babies on the fourteenth day of life. All infants exhibiting a level equal to or exceeding 12 mg/dl were telegraphically invited to the Centre and those having a level of 15 mg/dl or higher were put on an appropriate diet. The patients were classified according to the result of the phenylalanine tolerance 73 were found to have classical phenylketonuria and 15 had atypical phenylketonuria. The total incidence of phenylketonuria was thus 1: 9091. The mean age at introduction of diet was 30 +/- 15 days during the first period, while 21 +/- 11 days during the second period. Infants having an initial value of 4-12 mg/dl were kept under continuous control; among them 69 were found to have benign hyperphenylalaninaemia (HPA). The PKU/HPA ratio amounted to 1.28. Both screening and care were carried out by the Centre, and the practice of care is described in detail. A preliminary evaluation of the therapeutical results with a view of the patients' social class is offered. Phenylalanine levels during the diet were greatly influenced by the familial background and the sociocultural environment.
|
['Child Health Services', 'Humans', 'Hungary', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Mass Screening', 'Phenylalanine', 'Phenylketonurias']
| 4,041,279
|
[['N02.421.143.130'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.248.495'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['D12.125.072.050.685', 'D12.125.142.666'], ['C10.228.140.163.100.687', 'C16.320.565.100.766', 'C16.320.565.189.687', 'C18.452.132.100.687', 'C18.452.648.100.766', 'C18.452.648.189.687']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Prolonged third stage of labor: morbidity and risk factors.
|
Although retained placenta is a major cause of postpartum hemorrhage, there is no general agreement regarding when manual placental extraction is indicated to prevent hemorrhage. We sought to determine the following: 1) what duration of the third stage of labor is abnormal, 2) what duration is associated with complications, and 3) what antecedent conditions are associated with prolonged third stage. We studied 12,979 consecutive, singleton vaginal deliveries over an 11-year period. Third-stage duration had a log-normal distribution, with a geometric mean of 6.8 minutes, a median of 6 minutes, and an interquartile range of 4-10 minutes. A third stage of 30 minutes or longer occurred in 3.3% of the deliveries. The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage, transfusion, and D&C remained constant in third stages less than 30 minutes, then rose progressively, reaching a plateau at 75 minutes. The increase in these complications after 30 minutes was observed with both spontaneously delivered and manually extracted placentas. In a logistic regression analysis, factors significantly associated with prolonged third stage included: preterm delivery (odds ratio 3.81), delivery in a labor bed (odds ratio 2.17), preeclampsia (odds ratio 1.76), augmented labor (odds ratio 1.47), and nulliparity (odds ratio 1.45). Because there was no increase in hemorrhage until the third stage exceeded 30 minutes, we suggest that in the absence of bleeding, manual placental extraction is not indicated until 30 minutes have elapsed.
|
['Female', 'Humans', 'Labor Stage, Third', 'Obstetric Labor Complications', 'Pregnancy', 'Regression Analysis', 'Risk Factors', 'Time Factors']
| 2,030,858
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.784.769.326.500.110'], ['C13.703.420'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Changes in Pulmonary Function Following Image-Guided Stereotactic Lung Radiotherapy: Neither Lower Baseline Nor Post-SBRT Pulmonary Function Are Associated with Worse Overall Survival.
|
PURPOSE: To determine changes in pulmonary function brought about by lung stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT).METHODS: One hundred and twenty-seven patients were treated with lung SBRT using 48 to 60Gy in four to five fractions on a prospective trial. We obtained pulmonary function tests (PFTs) at baseline, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, 12 months, and 24 months after SBRT. Group mean PFT parameter values are reported.RESULTS: At baseline forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) was 1.5 l (67% predicted, range: 0.4-3.4 l), corrected diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide was 12.2 ml/min/mmHg (50.8% predicted, range: 3.3-27.2 ml/min/mmHg), and total lung capacity was 5.7 l (102.4% predicted, range: 3.1-9.1 l). At 12 months, there was decline in FEV1 (-4.1%; p = 0.01), corrected diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (-5.2%; p = 0.027), forced vital capacity (-5.7%; p = 0.004), and total lung capacity (-3.6%; p = 0.039). Declines in FEV1 (-7.6%; p = 0.001) and forced vital capacity (-8.9%; p = 0.001) persisted at 24 months. Rates of pneumonitis were 3.1% and 0.8% for grades 2 and 3, respectively. There were no grade 3 PFT toxicities at 12 months. Lower PFTs at baseline and 1 year after SBRT did not predict for worse overall survival.CONCLUSIONS: As the largest cohort of patients with prospective follow-up PFT evaluation after lung SBRT, this supports the safety of SBRT in this population of predominantly medically inoperable patients. While statistically significant, nearly all declines in PFTs would be rated as a grade 1 on the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group scale, demonstrating safety. PFT declines were not associated with worse overall survival.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radiotherapy, Image-Guided', 'Respiratory Function Tests', 'Survival Analysis']
| 26,334,751
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.815.768'], ['E01.370.386.700'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.