Title
stringlengths 1
395
⌀ | abstractText
stringlengths 57
5.98k
| meshMajor
stringlengths 14
1.03k
| pmid
int64 22
33.2M
| meshid
stringlengths 2
3.14k
| meshroot
stringlengths 2
421
| A
int64 0
1
| B
int64 0
1
| C
int64 0
1
| D
int64 0
1
| E
int64 0
1
| F
int64 0
1
| G
int64 0
1
| H
int64 0
1
| I
int64 0
1
| J
int64 0
1
| L
int64 0
1
| M
int64 0
1
| N
int64 0
1
| Z
int64 0
1
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Peripheral phosphodiesterase 4 inhibition produced by 4-[2-(3,4-Bis-difluoromethoxyphenyl)-2-[4-(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-phenyl]-ethyl]-3-methylpyridine-1-oxide (L-826,141) prevents experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
|
Administration of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors suppresses the pathogenesis associated with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). In the present study, we compared the effects of rolipram and 4-[2-(3,4-bis-difluoromethoxyphenyl)-2-[4-(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-phenyl]-ethyl]-3-methylpyridine-1-oxide (L-826,141), a novel nonbrain penetrant PDE4 inhibitor, on the onset and severity of clinical signs in a chronic, nonrelapsing/remitting model of EAE. Both rolipram (10 mg/kg p.o.) and L-826,141 (3 mg/kg p.o.) reduced the severity of EAE relative to controls, whereas L-826,141 (3 mg/kg p.o.) also delayed disease onset. To assess whether L-826,141 prevented EAE progression after the first signs of clinical onset, rolipram (10 mg/kg p.o.) or L-826,141 (3 or 30 mg/kg p.o.) were administered 24 h after the first signs of EAE were observed. Only L-826,141 at a dose of 30 mg/kg p.o. significantly decreased the clinical severity of EAE compared with vehicle controls. Immunohistochemical detection of the neuronal activity marker Fos confirmed that L-826,141 did not reach concentrations in the central nervous system sufficient to activate central neurons. Lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha in whole blood and plasma concentrations of L-826,141 revealed that only the 30-mg/kg dose resulted in levels sufficient to produce a near complete inhibition of PDE4 activity in immune cells. Taken together, these results demonstrate that peripheral PDE4 inhibition, produced by L-826,141, prevents the progression of EAE after the first onset of clinical signs, and suggest that similar compounds may have clinical efficacy in the treatment of MS.
|
["3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases", 'Animals', 'Body Weight', 'Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4', 'Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental', 'Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Multiple Sclerosis', 'Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos', 'Pyridines', 'Rolipram', 'Spinal Cord', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 16,809,479
|
[['D08.811.277.352.640.150', 'D12.644.360.008', 'D12.776.476.008'], ['B01.050'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['D08.811.277.352.640.150.400', 'D12.644.360.008.400', 'D12.776.476.008.400'], ['C10.114.703.300', 'C10.228.140.695.562.250', 'C10.314.350.250', 'C20.111.258.625.300', 'E05.598.500.500.500'], ['D05.750.078.593.400', 'D12.776.220.475.400'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['C10.114.375.500', 'C10.314.350.500', 'C20.111.258.250.500'], ['D27.505.519.389.735'], ['D12.776.260.108.765', 'D12.776.624.664.700.179', 'D12.776.660.760', 'D12.776.930.127.765'], ['D03.383.725'], ['D03.383.773.812.785'], ['A08.186.854'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Gluconeogenesis using glycerol as a substrate in bloodstream-form Trypanosoma brucei.
|
Bloodstream form African trypanosomes are thought to rely exclusively upon glycolysis, using glucose as a substrate, for ATP production. Indeed, the pathway has long been considered a potential therapeutic target to tackle the devastating and neglected tropical diseases caused by these parasites. However, plasma membrane glucose and glycerol transporters are both expressed by trypanosomes and these parasites can infiltrate tissues that contain glycerol. Here, we show that bloodstream form trypanosomes can use glycerol for gluconeogenesis and for ATP production, particularly when deprived of glucose following hexose transporter depletion. We demonstrate that Trypanosoma brucei hexose transporters 1 and 2 (THT1 and THT2) are localized to the plasma membrane and that knockdown of THT1 expression leads to a growth defect that is more severe when THT2 is also knocked down. These data are consistent with THT1 and THT2 being the primary routes of glucose supply for the production of ATP by glycolysis. However, supplementation of the growth medium with glycerol substantially rescued the growth defect caused by THT1 and THT2 knockdown. Metabolomic analyses with heavy-isotope labelled glycerol demonstrated that trypanosomes take up glycerol and use it to synthesize intermediates of gluconeogenesis, including fructose 1,6-bisphosphate and hexose 6-phosphates, which feed the pentose phosphate pathway and variant surface glycoprotein biosynthesis. We used Cas9-mediated gene knockout to demonstrate a gluconeogenesis-specific, but fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (Tb927.9.8720)-independent activity, converting fructose 1,6-bisphosphate into fructose 6-phosphate. In addition, we observed increased flux through the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the succinate shunt. Thus, contrary to prior thinking, gluconeogenesis can operate in bloodstream form T. brucei. This pathway, using glycerol as a physiological substrate, may be required in mammalian host tissues.
|
['Gluconeogenesis', 'Glycerol', 'Substrate Specificity', 'Trypanosoma brucei brucei']
| 30,589,893
|
[['G02.111.158.500', 'G03.191.500'], ['D02.033.800.875.500', 'D09.853.875.500'], ['G02.111.835'], ['B01.268.475.868.887.080']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Incidence of ocular complications in rheumatoid arthritis and the relation of keratoconjunctivitis sicca with its systemic activity.
|
To investigate the incidence of ocular complications in patients with rheumatoid arthritis under modern modalities of treatment and find the relationship between its systemic activity and ocular complications, routine ophthalmological examinations were done as a prospective study in 111 consecutive patients including 89 inpatients and 22 outpatients with rheumatoid arthritis seen from April to May 1995, in a hospital with a special clinic for rheumatology. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (secondary Sj?gren's syndrome) was found in 19 patients (17.1%), scleritis in one patient (0.9%), central retinal vein occlusion in 2 patients (1.8%), and idiopathic retinal hemorrhage in 3 patients (2.7%). Patients with keratoconjunctivitis sicca had significantly higher titers of rheumatoid factor (Mann-Whitney's U-test, p = 0.0048), higher levels of IgM (p = 0.0484), and lower levels of HDL-cholesterol (p = 0.0191), compared to patients without it. The incidence of ocular complications was comparable to the previous studies and keratoconjunctivitis sicca should be considered in patients with high titers of rheumatoid factor.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Eye Diseases', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Rheumatoid Factor']
| 9,137,326
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['C11'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['C11.187.183.394.500', 'C11.204.564.585.630', 'C11.496.260.394'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323.732', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323.732', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323.732']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of acceleration on gait measures in three horse gaits.
|
Animals switch gaits according to locomotor speed. In terrestrial locomotion, gaits have been defined according to footfall patterns or differences in center of mass (COM) motion, which characterizes mechanisms that are more general and more predictive than footfall patterns. This has generated different variables designed primarily to evaluate steady-speed locomotion, which is easier to standardize in laboratory conditions. However, in the ecology of an animal, steady-state conditions are rare and the ability to accelerate, decelerate and turn is essential. Currently, there are no data available that have tested whether COM variables can be used in accelerative or decelerative conditions. This study used a data set of kinematics and kinetics of horses using three gaits (walk, trot, canter) to evaluate the effects of acceleration (both positive and negative) on commonly used gait descriptors. The goal was to identify variables that distinguish between gaits both at steady state and during acceleration/deceleration. These variables will either be unaffected by acceleration or affected by it in a predictable way. Congruity, phase shift and COM velocity angle did not distinguish between gaits when the dataset included trials in unsteady conditions. Work (positive and negative) and energy recovery distinguished between gaits and showed a clear relationship with acceleration. Hodographs are interesting graphical representations to study COM mechanics, but they are descriptive rather than quantitative. Force angle, collision angle and collision fraction showed a U-shaped relationship with acceleration and seem promising tools for future research in unsteady conditions.
|
['Acceleration', 'Animals', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Gait', 'Horses']
| 25,767,145
|
[['G01.482.107'], ['B01.050'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['E01.370.600.250', 'G11.427.410.568.900.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Activation of hepatocytes by extracellular heat shock protein 72.
|
Heat shock protein (HSP) 72 is released by cells during stress and injury. HSP-72 also stimulates the release of cytokines in macrophages by binding to Toll-like receptors (TLR) 2 and 4. Circulating levels of HSP-72 increase during hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. The role of extracellular HSP-72 (eHSP-72) in the injury response to ischemia-reperfusion is unknown. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine whether eHSP-72 has any direct effects on hepatocytes. Primary mouse hepatocytes were treated with purified human recombinant HSP-72. Conditioned media were evaluated by ELISA for the cytokines, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2). Stimulation of hepatocytes with eHSP-72 did not induce production of TNFalpha or IL-6 but resulted in dose-dependent increases in MIP-2 production. To evaluate the pathway responsible for this response, expression of TLR2 and TLR4 was confirmed on hepatocytes by immunohistochemistry. Hepatocyte production of MIP-2 was significantly decreased in hepatocytes obtained from TLR2 or TLR4 knockout mice. MIP-2 production was found to be partially dependent on NF-kappaB because inhibition of NF-kappaB with Bay 11-7085 significantly decreased eHSP-72-induced MIP-2 production. Inhibitors of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase or c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase had no effect on production of MIP-2 induced by eHSP-72. The data suggest that eHSP-72 binds to TLR2 and TLR4 on hepatocytes and signals through NF-kappaB to increase MIP-2 production. The fact that eHSP-72 did not increase TNF-alpha or IL-6 production may be indicative of a highly regulated signaling pathway downstream from TLR.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chemokine CXCL2', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins', 'Hepatocytes', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Interleukin-2', 'JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Liver', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Mutant Strains', 'Mutation', 'NF-kappa B', 'Nitriles', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Signal Transduction', 'Sulfones', 'Toll-Like Receptor 2', 'Toll-Like Receptor 4', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha', 'p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases']
| 18,508,912
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.120.100', 'D12.644.276.374.200.600.940', 'D12.776.467.374.200.120.100', 'D12.776.467.374.200.600.940', 'D23.125.300.120.100', 'D23.125.300.600.940', 'D23.469.200.120.100', 'D23.469.200.600.940', 'D23.529.374.200.120.100', 'D23.529.374.200.600.940'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['D12.776.580.216.375.202'], ['A11.436.348'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.021', 'D12.644.276.374.480.372', 'D12.776.467.374.465.021', 'D12.776.467.374.480.372', 'D23.529.374.465.155', 'D23.529.374.480.372'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.374', 'D12.644.360.450.340', 'D12.776.476.450.340'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['D02.626'], ['D12.644.541'], ['D12.776.828'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D02.886.590'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.910.500.200'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.910.500.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.843', 'D12.644.360.450.835', 'D12.776.476.450.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Circulating MicroRNA-208b and MicroRNA-499 reflect myocardial damage in cardiovascular disease.
|
BACKGROUND: Small RNA molecules, called microRNAs, freely circulate in human plasma and correlate with varying pathologies. In this study, we explored their diagnostic potential in a selection of prevalent cardiovascular disorders.METHODS AND RESULTS: MicroRNAs were isolated from plasmas from well-characterized patients with varying degrees of cardiac damage: (1) acute myocardial infarction, (2) viral myocarditis, (3) diastolic dysfunction, and (4) acute heart failure. Plasma levels of selected microRNAs, including heart-associated (miR-1, -133a, -208b, and -499), fibrosis-associated (miR-21 and miR-29b), and leukocyte-associated (miR-146, -155, and -223) candidates, were subsequently assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Strikingly, in plasma from acute myocardial infarction patients, cardiac myocyte-associated miR-208b and -499 were highly elevated, 1600-fold (P<0.005) and 100-fold (P<0.0005), respectively, as compared with control subjects. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed an area under the curve of 0.94 (P<10(-10)) for miR-208b and 0.92 (P<10(-9)) for miR-499. Both microRNAs correlated with plasma troponin T, indicating release of microRNAs from injured cardiomyocytes. In viral myocarditis, we observed a milder but significant elevation of these microRNAs, 30-fold and 6-fold, respectively. Plasma levels of leukocyte-expressed microRNAs were not significantly increased in acute myocardial infarction or viral myocarditis patients, despite elevated white blood cell counts. In patients with acute heart failure, only miR-499 was significantly elevated (2-fold), whereas no significant changes in microRNAs studied could be observed in diastolic dysfunction. Remarkably, plasma microRNA levels were not affected by a wide range of clinical confounders, including age, sex, body mass index, kidney function, systolic blood pressure, and white blood cell count.CONCLUSIONS: Cardiac damage initiates the detectable release of cardiomyocyte-specific microRNAs-208b and -499 into the circulation.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Humans', 'MicroRNAs', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardium', 'Myocytes, Cardiac', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Severity of Illness Index']
| 20,921,333
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C14'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['A07.541.704.570', 'A10.690.552.750.570', 'A11.620.500'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Toxicity of organic UV-filters to the aquatic midge Chironomus riparius.
|
Despite the frequent detection of organic ultraviolet-filters (UV-filters) in freshwater sediments, there is a lack of ecotoxicological data undermining a correct risk assessment for these emerging contaminants. The present study assessed the effects of three of the most commonly used UV-filters (benzophenone-3 - BP3; 3-(4-methylbenzylidene)camphor - 4-MBC and octocrylene - OC) on Chironomus riparius life history and biochemical responses. Standard ecotoxicological assays confirmed that all compounds impaired growth of C. riparius larvae and induced developmental effects such as delayed emergence and a reduction of imagoes weight. Concerning the biochemical responses analysed no evidences of oxidative damage in lipids or neurotoxicity (tested assessing acetylcholinesterase activity) were observed for any of the tested compounds. However, 4-MBC exposure induced a decrease in catalase activity and an increase in glutathione-S-transferase activity at 14.13mg/Kg while OC exposure caused an increase in total glutathione levels at 0.23 and 18.23mg/Kg. Exposure to all UV-filters tested, increased energy consumption on C. riparius with significant differences above 1.00mg/Kg for BP3, 0.09mg/Kg for 4-MBC and 2.13mg/Kg for OC. These results suggest that environmental relevant concentrations of UV-filters can cause deleterious effects to aquatic benthic species, such as C. riparius, and call for further research concerning effects of organic UV-filters on natural invertebrate communities and ecosystem functioning.
|
['Acetylcholinesterase', 'Acrylates', 'Animals', 'Benzophenones', 'Camphor', 'Catalase', 'Chironomidae', 'Female', 'Glutathione Transferase', 'Larva', 'Male', 'Sunscreening Agents', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 28,551,578
|
[['D08.811.277.352.100.170.176'], ['D02.241.081.069'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.134', 'D02.522.223'], ['D02.455.426.100.080.050.500.326', 'D02.455.426.100.080.550.234.326', 'D02.455.849.575.141.500.326', 'D02.522.376', 'D04.075.080.500.234.326'], ['D08.811.682.732.332'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.712.500.750'], ['D08.811.913.225.500'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['D27.505.696.706.776.800', 'D27.505.954.444.695', 'D27.720.269.800', 'D27.720.799.763.764'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Automated localization of whales in coastal fjords.
|
Localization and tracking of vocalizing marine mammals are powerful tools for understanding and mitigating the impacts of anthropogenic stressors such as vessel noise on habitat use of cetaceans. A large-aperture hydrophone network has been installed in the Kitimat Fjord System, an ecologically, culturally, and economically valued marine environment in northern British Columbia, Canada. This network consists of four synchronized bottom-mounted hydrophones that permanently record and radio-transmit data to a land-based laboratory. An automated system has been developed which includes routines to localize transient bio-acoustic signals from three or more streaming hydrophones in near real-time. These routines comprise the correlation of hydrophone signals, the construction of a time lag model, and signal localization and error estimation from a spatial likelihood surface. The localization method was tested experimentally and subsequently applied to vocalizations from humpback whales, fin whales, and killer whales. Refractive and reflective sound propagation effects in the confined fjords are assessed using ray tracing propagation models. Automated localization results are compared to ground-truth data and shown to provide good accuracy.
|
['Acoustics', 'Animals', 'Ecosystem', 'Estuaries', 'Fin Whale', 'Humpback Whale', 'Noise', 'Probability', 'Sound Localization', 'Vocalization, Animal', 'Whale, Killer']
| 31,893,735
|
[['H01.671.031'], ['B01.050'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['G01.311.625.540'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.875.865.100.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.875.865.400'], ['G01.750.770.776.567', 'G16.500.275.600', 'N06.230.400', 'N06.850.460.610'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['F02.463.593.071.869', 'G07.888.125.869'], ['F01.145.113.055.800'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.875.267.900']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Dual energy CT angiography: pros and cons of dual-energy metal artifact reduction algorithm in patients after endovascular aortic repair.
|
PURPOSE: To evaluate the value of metal artifact reduction (MAR) post-processing and iodine MD images in fast kV-switching dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) in patients after endovascular aortic repair (EVAR).MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four consecutive EVAR patients (age 76 ± 9 years, 7/24 (29%) with coils, 9/24 (37.5%) with 10 endoleaks) who underwent DECT angiography were included in this HIPAA-compliant, IRB-approved retrospective study. Monochromatic reconstructions included 55, 60, 65, 70, and 75 keV with and without MAR and iodine MD images. Near field, far field, and vessel artifacts were assessed subjectively (1 = none; 5 = severe) and objectively by measuring noise and contrast-to-noise ratio. Visibility of endoleak was evaluated (1 = optimal; 5 = not visible).RESULTS: MAR objectively decreased artifacts from EVAR stents in the near field (60.7 ± 25.4 HU vs. 70.1 ± 34.2; p = .002) and subjectively increased near field (3.2 ± 0.9 vs. 2.8 ± 0.6; p < .001), far field (2.2 ± 0.6 vs. 1.6 ± 0.6; p < .001), and vessel (3.1 ± 1.1 vs. 2.5 ± 0.9; p < .001) artifacts. Near-field artifacts from coils were reduced by the MAR objectively (72.4 ± 24.8 vs. 182.7 ± 57.3 HU; p < .001) and subjectively (4.5 ± 0.5 vs. 4.9 ± 0.4; p = .02). CNR of standard reconstructions was optimal at 60 keV (38.3 ± 16.8). Reconstructions without MAR and iodine MD images provided improved endoleak visualization in 6/10 (60%) of cases (median 1 for both) compared to MAR (median 3) (p < 0.001). However, MAR improved visualization in 1/10 (10%) cases due to endoleak location adjacent to a coil.CONCLUSION: DECT with MAR reduced artifacts from coils and improved endoleak visualization in 1/10 (10%) cases due to location adjacent to a coil. However, MAR impaired endoleak visualization in 6/10 (60%) cases and should be reviewed combined with 60 keV standard reconstructions and iodine MD images.
|
['Aged', 'Algorithms', 'Aortic Diseases', 'Artifacts', 'Blood Vessel Prosthesis', 'Computed Tomography Angiography', 'Contrast Media', 'Endovascular Procedures', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Iohexol', 'Male', 'Metals', 'Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Radiography, Dual-Energy Scanned Projection', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Stents', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 27,896,386
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['C14.907.109'], ['E05.047'], ['E07.695.110'], ['E01.370.350.350.810.335', 'E01.370.350.567.250', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.335', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.335', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.568', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.499'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['E04.100.814.529', 'E04.502.382'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.241.223.100.400.880.400', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.375.880.400'], ['D01.552'], ['E01.158.600.680', 'E01.370.350.350.700', 'E01.370.350.700.705', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600.680'], ['E01.370.350.600.350.700.700', 'E01.370.350.700.700.700', 'E01.370.350.760.700', 'L01.224.308.380.800'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E07.695.750'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Exploring Mitochondria-Mediated Intrinsic Apoptosis by New Phytochemical Entities: An Explicit Observation of Cytochrome c
|
Hydnocarpin (Hy) is a flavonoid isolated and purified from the seeds of Hydnocarpus wightiana Blume. Herein, we have developed a built-in semi-synthetic modification on Hy by one-pot multi-component reaction and a [3 + 2] cycloaddition strategy to append five membered isoxazole and isoxazolone as new phytochemical entities (NPCEs). Two selected NPCEs viz Hy-ISO-VIII and Hy-ISO-G from the library of 20 newly synthesized derivatives after in vitro screening unveiled promising cytotoxicity and induced caspase-mediated apoptosis against the human lung and melanoma cancer cells which were well supported by virtual screening based on ligand binding affinity and molecular dynamic simulations. As a new insight, we introduced surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy to identify the chemo-marker molecular fingerprint to confirm the cellular uptake, cytochrome c release, and DNA fragmentation in a label-free manner. The present findings throw up a surfeit of seminal reasons behind the semi-synthetic modification of Hy, stepping forward to cancer chemotherapy.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cycloaddition Reaction', 'Cytochromes c', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor', 'Flavonolignans', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Melanoma', 'Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial', 'Mitochondria', 'Molecular Structure', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 31,393,121
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['E05.197.406', 'J01.897.836.249.374'], ['D08.244.286.100', 'D12.776.422.220.286.100'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.388', 'E05.200.500.388', 'E05.242.417', 'E05.337.550.200'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.140.450.388', 'D03.383.663.283.266.450.268', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.268'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510', 'C04.557.665.510'], ['G03.295.770.500', 'G04.580.550', 'G07.265.675.550'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Total port-access robot-assisted pulmonary lobectomy without utility thoracotomy.
|
Robot-assisted lobectomy has been reported elsewhere as a feasible technique for lobectomy. We report a modification of the previously reported technique using a complete port-access approach without utility thoracotomy.
|
['Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Pneumonectomy', 'Robotics', 'Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted', 'Thoracotomy']
| 20,197,237
|
[['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['E04.620', 'E04.928.600.600'], ['H01.671.293.643', 'J01.897.104.834', 'L01.224.050.375.630'], ['E01.370.388.250.840.830', 'E01.370.388.250.950.830', 'E04.502.250.840.830', 'E04.502.250.950.830', 'E04.928.752.830'], ['E04.928.760']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of fluorocarbons with and without oxygen supplementation on cardiac hemodynamics and energetics.
|
Because of uncertainty about the mechanism by which fluorocarbons ameliorate myocardial ischemia, the effects of a fluorocarbon emulsion, perfluorodecalin and perfluorotripropylamine (Fluosol-DA 20% TM) with and without 100% O2 inhalation, on cardiac hemodynamics and energetics were studied in the anesthetized dog. Left ventricular (LV) intramural partial pressure of oxygen (PmO2) was measured by mass spectrometry before and after intravenous infusion of Fluosol-DA 20% (40 ml/kg), and was compared with measurements made in another group of dogs receiving the volume expander dextran (36 ml/kg). Both groups of dogs were then ventilated with 100% O2 and repeat measurements were performed. In the 11 animals receiving fluorocarbons, there were increases in left atrial pressure, LV myocardial blood flow, and LV myocardial O2 consumption (MVO2) compatible with volume expansion. After 100% O2, LV MVO2 decreased to control values, while PmO2 increased to 127 +/- 48 mm Hg (p less than 0.001). There were no significant changes in heart rate, arterial pressure or first derivative of LV pressure (dP/dt) during the study. In 10 dogs treated with dextran there was no change in heart rate or dP/dt, but arterial and left atrial pressures were higher after dextran infusion and remained elevated after 100% O2 inhalation. LV MVO2 increased with volume expansion, and remained increased after 100% O2. PmO2 (66 +/- 18 mm Hg) after 100% O2 was lower (p less than 0.02) than in the fluorocarbon-treated dogs after O2 inhalation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Animals', 'Blood Pressure', 'Dextrans', 'Dogs', 'Drug Combinations', 'Fluorocarbons', 'Heart', 'Heart Rate', 'Hemodynamics', 'Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Myocardium', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Partial Pressure']
| 6,207,721
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['D05.750.078.562.272', 'D09.698.365.272'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['D26.310'], ['D02.455.526.510.435'], ['A07.541'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['G09.330.380'], ['D09.301.915.500', 'D09.698.365.855.500'], ['E05.196.566'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['G03.680'], ['G01.374.715.714']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Diagnosis of Wilson's disease in an asymptomatic sibling by DNA linkage analysis.
|
The molecular genetic diagnosis of Wilson's disease in the 5-year-old sister of a patient with Wilson's disease is reported. The girl was clinically free of disease and had no conventional biochemical markers of Wilson's disease (i.e., normal ceruloplasmin, normal copper in the serum, normal 24-hour urinary copper excretion). Diagnosis with restriction fragment length polymorphisms and a nonradioactive polymerase chain reaction-based analysis with microsatellite markers showed her to be homozygous for the disease-associated markers. A liver biopsy was performed, and a 20-fold increased liver copper content confirmed the diagnosis. The child was treated with chelation therapy with D-penicillamine. The report of this study clearly shows the advantage of DNA linkage analysis (especially polymerase chain reaction) over conventional laboratory methods for presymptomatic diagnosis of Wilson's disease before irreparable liver and neurological damage occurs. The only limitation of this DNA-based diagnosis is the fact that it is only applicable in siblings of an index patient whose diagnosis was made by phenotypic criteria.
|
['Adult', 'Biopsy', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Copper', 'DNA', 'Family Health', 'Female', 'Genetic Linkage', 'Hepatolenticular Degeneration', 'Humans', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Pedigree', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length']
| 7,498,669
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['D13.444.308'], ['N01.400.300'], ['G05.348'], ['C06.552.413', 'C10.228.140.079.493', 'C10.228.140.163.100.360', 'C10.228.662.400', 'C10.574.500.487', 'C16.320.400.361', 'C16.320.565.189.360', 'C16.320.565.618.403', 'C18.452.132.100.360', 'C18.452.648.189.360', 'C18.452.648.618.403'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.620'], ['E05.393.673'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G05.365.795.595']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Open-label lithium for the treatment of adolescents with bipolar depression.
|
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effectiveness and tolerability of lithium for the treatment of acute depression in adolescents with bipolar disorder. We hypothesized that patients receiving open-label treatment with lithium during a 6-week period would experience a statistically and clinically significant decrease in depressive symptoms and tolerate lithium treatment fairly well.METHOD: Twenty-seven adolescents (12-18 years old) with an episode of depression associated with bipolar disorder type I received open-label lithium 30 mg/kg (twice-daily dosing), which was adjusted to achieve a therapeutic serum level (1.0-1.2 mEq/L). Effectiveness measures included the Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised (CDRS-R) and Clinical Global Impressions Scale for Bipolar Disorder (CGI-BP). Adverse events were assessed weekly.RESULTS: Mean CDRS-R scores significantly decreased from baseline to endpoint (mean [SD] change = -25.5 (20.4); p < .001), resulting in a large effect size of 1.7. Response and remission rates (defined by a > or = 50% reduction in CDRS-R score from baseline to endpoint, and a CDRS-R score < or = 28 and a CGI-BP Improvement score of 1 or 2, respectively) were 48% and 30%. Side effects, which were generally mild to moderate in severity, included headache (74%), nausea/vomiting (67%), stomachache (30%), and abdominal cramps (19%).CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study indicate that lithium may be effective and is relatively well tolerated for the treatment of an acute episode of depression in adolescents with bipolar disorder. Controlled studies of lithium in adolescent bipolar depression are needed.
|
['Adolescent', 'Antimanic Agents', 'Bipolar Disorder', 'Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lithium Carbonate', 'Male']
| 16,540,813
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.025', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.025', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.025'], ['F03.084.500'], ['L01.453.245.945.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.045.125.500', 'D01.200.275.150.550', 'D01.510.475']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors and Cancer Recurrence in Swedish Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.
|
Background: Use of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) in patients with a history of cancer remains a clinical dilemma.Objective: To investigate whether TNFi treatment in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with increased risk for cancer recurrence.Design: Population-based cohort study based on linkage of nationwide registers.Setting: Sweden.Participants: Patients with RA who started TNFi treatment between 2001 and 2015, after being diagnosed with cancer, and matched patients with RA and a history of the same cancer who had never received biologics.Measurements: The primary outcome was the first recurrence of cancer. Adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs), taking into account time, cancer type, and whether the cancer was invasive or in situ (or tumor, node, metastasis [TNM] classification system stage in a subset of patients).Results: Among 467 patients who started TNFi treatment (mean time after cancer diagnosis, 7.9 years), 42 had cancer recurrences (9.0%; mean follow-up, 5.3 years); among 2164 matched patients with the same cancer history, 155 had recurrences (7.2%; mean follow-up, 4.3 years) (HR, 1.06 [95% CI, 0.73 to 1.54). Hazard ratios were close to 1 in analyses of patient subsets matched on cancer stage or with similar time from index cancer diagnosis to the start of TNFi treatment, as well as in unmatched analyses. Several CIs had upper limits close to 2.Limitation: The outcome algorithm was partly nonvalidated, and channeling bias was possible if patients with a better index cancer prognosis were more likely to receive TNFi.Conclusion: The findings suggest that TNFi treatment is not associated with increased risk for cancer recurrence in patients with RA, although meaningful risk increases could not be ruled out completely.Primary Funding Source: ALF (an agreement in Stockholm County Council concerning medical education and research in health and medical care), the Swedish Cancer Society, the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research, and the Swedish Research Council.
|
['Aged', 'Algorithms', 'Antirheumatic Agents', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Neoplasms', 'Neoplasms, Second Primary', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Recurrence', 'Risk Factors', 'Sweden', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 30,105,374
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['D27.505.954.329'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.625'], ['C04'], ['C04.692'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['Z01.542.816.500'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The relationship between daily stress and urinary cortisol in a normal population: an emphasis on individual differences.
|
Twenty-three persons participated in a study examining the relationship between daily stressors and daily fluctuations in cortisol. For 21 days, the participants completed the Assessment of Daily Experience scale, which yielded frequency and intensity stress scores and gave an indication of the subjects' perceptions of their control over the daily stressors. Nightly urines were collected and assayed for cortisol. The prospective design of the research allowed the authors to examine individual differences in cortisol over time as well as the often-studied pooled differences. Results from pooled and individual data showed that the intensity of the worst daily stressor was a significant but modest predictor of daily cortisol. The authors concluded that the relationship between cortisol and psychological events for pooled data is small because of the wide variability in individual responses.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Arousal', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hydrocortisone', 'Individuality', 'Internal-External Control', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Reference Values', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Workload']
| 8,292,837
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F02.830.104', 'G11.561.035'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.600', 'D06.472.040.585.353.476', 'D06.472.040.585.478.392'], ['F01.752.488'], ['F01.829.379'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.978.810'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['I03.946.225.500', 'N04.452.677.650.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Carbamazepine but not valproate induces CYP2A6 activity in smokers with mental illness.
|
BACKGROUND: Antiepileptic drugs (AED) are being increasingly used in the management of serious mental illness, but their effects on nicotine metabolism have not been studied.METHODS: This study investigated the effects of three AEDs (carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, and valproic acid) on nicotine and nicotine metabolite levels in 149 smokers with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder who participated in an afternoon blood draw for nicotine, cotinine, and 3'-hydroxycotinine (3HC). The ratio of 3HC to cotinine was calculated as a marker of CYP2A6 metabolic activity. Among the participants, 8 smokers were taking carbamazepine, 6 were taking oxcarbazepine, and 40 were taking valproic acid.RESULTS: The 3HC/cotinine ratio was significantly higher in individuals taking carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine (combined, n = 14) versus those not taking either (mean 0.993 versus 0.503; P < 0.001). The cotinine/cigarette per day ratio was significantly lower in individuals taking carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine. The 3HC/cotinine ratios were also significantly higher in the subgroup of individuals taking carbamazepine (n = 8) versus those not taking it. There were no significant differences in nicotine or cotinine levels or 3HC/cotinine ratios in individuals taking valproic acid versus those not taking it. We conducted backward stepwise linear regression models to identify predictors of the log transformed 3HC/cotinine ratios. Taking carbamazepine and number of cigarettes smoked per day were significant determinants of log 3HC/cotinine.CONCLUSIONS: Carbamazepine likely induces hepatic metabolism via CYP2A6 and is associated with increased 3HC/cotinine ratios.IMPACT: Increased nicotine metabolism in individuals using AED has implications for increased smoking behavior and exposure to more tobacco toxins, which warrants further study.
|
['Adult', 'Anticonvulsants', 'Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases', 'Bipolar Disorder', 'Carbamazepine', 'Cotinine', 'Cytochrome P-450 CYP2A6', 'Enzyme Induction', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nicotine', 'Oxcarbazepine', 'Schizophrenia', 'Smoking', 'Valproic Acid', 'Young Adult']
| 20,719,908
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.427.080'], ['D08.244.453.005', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.010', 'D12.776.422.220.453.010'], ['F03.084.500'], ['D03.633.300.240.127'], ['D03.383.773.812.180'], ['D08.244.453.491.250', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.450.250', 'D12.776.422.220.453.491.250'], ['G05.308.320.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D03.132.760.570', 'D03.383.725.518'], ['D03.633.300.240.127.500'], ['F03.700.750'], ['F01.145.805'], ['D02.241.081.944.509.900', 'D10.251.400.895.593.900'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Concomitant use of clopidogrel and proton pump inhibitors is not associated with major adverse cardiovascular events following coronary stent implantation.
|
BACKGROUND: Cytochrome P450 inhibition by proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) may attenuate the effectiveness of clopidogrel.AIM: To examine whether PPI use modifies the association between clopidogrel use and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent implantation, using time-varying drug exposure ascertainment.METHODS: We conducted this population-based cohort study in Western Denmark (population 3 million) using medical databases. We identified all 13,001 patients with coronary stent implantation between 2002 and 2005 and ascertained their reported comorbidities. During the recommended 12-month postintervention treatment period, we tracked use of clopidogrel and PPI and the rate of MACE. We used Cox regression to compute hazard ratios (HRs), controlling for potential confounders.RESULTS: During follow-up, one or more prescriptions were redeemed by 91% of patients for clopidogrel and by 21% of patients for PPIs. Of the patients, 15% experienced a MACE. The adjusted HR for MACE comparing clopidogrel use with non-use was 0.57 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.44-0.74] among PPI users and 0.47 (95% CI: 0.42-0.53) among PPI non-users, yielding an interaction effect (i.e. relative rate increase) of 1.20 (95% CI: 0.91-1.58). PPI users treated from before PCI had a 25% increased rate of MACE compared to PPI non-users, independent of clopidogrel use [adjusted HR = 1.24 (95% CI: 0.97-1.58) for clopidogrel users and 1.26 (95% CI: 0.97-1.63) for clopidogrel non-users].CONCLUSIONS: The use of PPIs as a class did not modify the protective effect of clopidogrel, but its use was associated with major adverse cardiovascular events itself, particularly among patients having used PPIs before percutaneous coronary intervention.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Catheter Ablation', 'Clopidogrel', 'Cohort Studies', 'Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System', 'Drug Interactions', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'Gastroesophageal Reflux', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors', 'Proton Pump Inhibitors', 'Risk Factors', 'Stents', 'Ticlopidine']
| 22,050,009
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E02.808.750.500', 'E04.014.760.500'], ['D02.886.778.823.500.500', 'D03.383.725.849.500.500', 'D03.383.903.830.500.500', 'D03.633.100.928.500.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['D27.505.389.500', 'D27.505.519.389.335'], ['D08.244.453', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170', 'D12.776.422.220.453'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['E02.319.310'], ['C06.405.117.119.500.484'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['D27.505.954.502.780'], ['D27.505.519.389.848'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E07.695.750'], ['D02.886.778.823.500', 'D03.383.725.849.500', 'D03.383.903.830.500', 'D03.633.100.928.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effectiveness of propranolol for cocaine dependence treatment may depend on cocaine withdrawal symptom severity.
|
Propranolol may reduce symptoms of autonomic arousal associated with early cocaine abstinence and improve treatment outcome. This trial was an 8-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of propranolol in 108 cocaine dependent subjects. The primary outcome measure was quantitative urinary benzoylecgonine levels. Secondary outcome measures included treatment retention, addiction severity index results, cocaine craving, mood and anxiety symptoms, cocaine withdrawal symptoms, and adverse events. Propranolol treated subjects had lower cocaine withdrawal symptom severity but otherwise did not differ from placebo treated subjects in any outcome measure. However, in a secondary, exploratory analysis, subjects with more severe cocaine withdrawal symptoms responded better to propranolol in comparison to placebo. In these subjects, propranolol treatment was associated with better treatment retention and lower urinary benzoylecgonine levels as compared with the placebo treatment. Propranolol may be useful only for the treatment of cocaine dependent patients with severe cocaine withdrawal symptoms.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anti-Anxiety Agents', 'Cocaine', 'Cocaine-Related Disorders', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Propranolol', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Substance Withdrawal Syndrome']
| 11,297,832
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.015', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.015', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.015'], ['D02.145.074.722.388', 'D03.132.889.354', 'D03.605.084.500.722.388', 'D03.605.869.388'], ['C25.775.300', 'F03.900.300'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.711', 'D02.033.755.624.698.711', 'D02.092.063.624.698.711', 'D02.455.426.559.847.638.945', 'D04.615.638.945'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['C25.775.835', 'F03.900.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Hind-limb motor ability in Lewis rats during the onset and recovery phases of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
|
Hind-limb motor function in adult female Lewis rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was investigated using an objective behavioral measurement of motor ability. Rats were pretrained to avoid falling from the external surface of a power-driven running wheel. The performance of EAE-group rats on the wheel was then compared with that of saline and adjuvant controls immediately prior to the onset of clinical signs of EAE, and within 3 days of apparent recovery from EAE. Results indicate no apparent hind-limb motor deficit in the absence of overt clinical signs of EAE, despite histological evidence of severe inflammatory lesions persisting in the central nervous system (CNS) at the time of the post-recovery test. The remarkably transient nature of motor impairment is discussed within the context of a continuing search for the underlying cause(s) of clinical signs of EAE.
|
['Animals', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental', 'Female', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Hindlimb', 'Motor Activity', 'Myelin Basic Protein', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Lew']
| 6,167,315
|
[['B01.050'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['C10.114.703.300', 'C10.228.140.695.562.250', 'C10.314.350.250', 'C20.111.258.625.300', 'E05.598.500.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['A13.473'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['D12.776.543.620.540', 'D12.776.631.580.510'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.280', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.280']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Synthesis and biological activity of N-Acylated ornithine analogues of daptomycin.
|
N-Acylated ornithine analogues of daptomycin were synthesized and tested for their antibacterial efficacy.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Daptomycin', 'Mice', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Ornithine', 'Sepsis', 'Staphylococcal Infections', 'Staphylococcus aureus']
| 14,622,998
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D04.345.566.270', 'D10.477.500', 'D12.644.365.500', 'D12.644.641.270'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['D12.125.068.665', 'D12.125.095.765'], ['C01.757', 'C23.550.470.790.500'], ['C01.150.252.410.868'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Determination and pharmacology of a new hydroxylated metabolite of tamoxifen observed in patient sera during therapy for advanced breast cancer.
|
A new hydroxylated metabolite of tamoxifen, Metabolite Y [trans-1-(p-beta-hydroxyethoxyphenyl)-1,2-diphenylbut-1-ene] was characterized and subsequently measured by high-performance liquid chromatography in serum from patients receiving normal (10 mg twice daily) and high dose (greater than or equal to 150 mg twice daily) tamoxifen therapy for treatment of advanced breast cancer. In normal-dose patients, the serum level of Metabolite Y ranged between 6 and 60 ng/ml. This contrasted with serum levels of 80 to 180 ng/ml for tamoxifen and 200 to 300 ng/ml for N-desmethyltamoxifen, the major metabolite of tamoxifen. Serum levels of all three components were unchanged in one patient during the 24 hr after the cessation of tamoxifen therapy. Maximum serum levels of Metabolite Y were 800 ng/ml with concentrations of 1 micrograms/ml for tamoxifen and 2 micrograms/ml for N-desmethyltamoxifen in a patient on a 2-year course of high-dose therapy. Metabolite Y inhibited the binding of 17 beta-[3H]-estradiol to rat uterine and human breast carcinoma estrogen receptor. However, this metabolite was only weakly active: monohydroxytamoxifen [relative binding affinity (RBA) = 280]; tamoxifen (RBA = 6); Metabolite E (RBA = 3); N-desmethyltamoxifen (RBA = 4); Metabolite Y (RBA = 0.5). In 3-day immature rat uterine weight tests, Metabolite Y was a partial agonist with weak antiestrogenic activity. Although Metabolite Y has only weak activity, this compound would be expected to contribute to the overall antiestrogenic and antitumor properties of tamoxifen during therapy.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Assay', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Rats', 'Tamoxifen', 'Uterus']
| 6,825,112
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.091'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700.900'], ['A05.360.319.679']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Matrix metalloproteinases -2 and -9 and their endogenous tissue inhibitors in fetal membrane repair following fetoscopy in a rabbit model.
|
The cellular mechanisms underlying fetal membrane repair are poorly understood. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and the endogenous tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP) play a key role in the control of turnover of extracellular matrix in fetal membranes at normal parturition and preterm prelabour rupture of the fetal membranes (PPROM). The time course of secretion of MMP-2 (72 kDa, gelatinase A) and MMP-9 (92 kDa, gelatinase B) and TIMP into extra-embryonic coelomic, allantoic and amniotic fluids in a rabbit model was examined. Furthermore, to evaluate their role in fetal membrane repair, the changes induced by fetoscopy at mid-gestation (23 days; gestation length is 32 days) were investigated. Zymography showed predominantly secretion of latent MMP-2 at 18, 23 and 30 days of gestation in all gestational compartments. Reverse zymography detected a broad range of TIMP activity with molecular weights of 27-30 kDa (TIMP-1, glycosylated TIMP-3 and TIMP-4), 24 kDa (unglycosylated TIMP-3) and 21 kDa (TIMP-2). Following fetoscopy, both MMP-2 and TIMP increased significantly in amniotic fluid and extra-embryonic coelomic fluid, but not in allantoic fluid, as demonstrated by densitometric analyses. These findings indicate a modulating role for MMP and TIMP in the repair processes following a surgically induced fetal membrane defect.
|
['Animals', 'Extraembryonic Membranes', 'Female', 'Fetoscopy', 'Gestational Age', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 2', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 9', 'Pregnancy', 'Rabbits', 'Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1', 'Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2', 'Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-3', 'Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases']
| 10,775,654
|
[['B01.050'], ['A10.615.284', 'A16.254.750'], ['E01.370.378.630.300', 'E01.370.388.250.280', 'E02.467.750', 'E04.502.250.280', 'E04.520.280'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.352', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.252.420', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.150', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.352', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.252.420', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.150', 'D12.644.276.848.150', 'D12.776.467.836.150'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.350', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.350', 'D12.644.276.848.350', 'D12.776.467.836.350'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['D12.776.645.875.450'], ['D12.776.645.875.500'], ['D12.776.645.875.550'], ['D12.776.645.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Determinants of sentence comprehension in aphasic patients in sentence-picture matching tasks.
|
The results of two studies of sentence comprehension in aphasic patients using sentence-picture matching tests are presented. In the first study, 52 aphasic patients were tested on 10 sentence types. Analysis of the number of correct responses per sentence type showed effects of syntactic complexity and number of propositions. Factor analysis yielded first factors that accounted for two-thirds of the variance in performance to which all sentence types contributed. Clustering analysis yielded groups of patients whose performances progressively deteriorated and in which performance was more affected by sentence types that were harder for the group overall. These results were very similar to those previously obtained using an enactment task. In the second study, 17 aphasic patients were tested on the same 10 sentence types using both sentence-picture matching and enactment tasks. Correlational analyses showed that performance on the two tests was significantly correlated across both subjects and sentences. The results provide data relevant to the determinants of the complexity of a sentence in auditory comprehension.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aphasia', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Language Tests', 'Male', 'Memory', 'Middle Aged', 'Semantics', 'Speech Perception', 'Visual Perception']
| 9,210,113
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.597.606.150.500.800.100', 'C23.888.592.604.150.500.800.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.711.513.240'], ['F02.463.425.540'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['L01.559.598.745'], ['F02.463.593.071.875', 'G07.888.125.875'], ['F02.463.593.932']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Modular modeling of cellular systems with ProMoT/Diva.
|
MOTIVATION: Need for software to setup and analyze complex mathematical models for cellular systems in a modular way, that also integrates the experimental environment of the cells.RESULTS: A computer framework is described which allows the building of modularly structured models using an abstract, modular and general modeling methodology. With this methodology, reusable modeling entities are introduced which lead to the development of a modeling library within the modeling tool ProMot. The simulation environment Diva is used for numerical analysis and parameter identification of the models. The simulation environment provides a number of tools and algorithms to simulate and analyze complex biochemical networks. The described tools are the first steps towards an integrated computer-based modeling, simulation and visualization environment Availability: Available on request to the authors. The software itself is free for scientific purposes but requires commercial libraries.SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: http://www.mpi-magdeburg.mpg.de/projects/promot
|
['Algorithms', 'Cell Physiological Phenomena', 'Computer Simulation', 'Databases, Factual', 'Metabolism', 'Models, Biological', 'Software', 'Software Design', 'User-Computer Interface']
| 12,801,880
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G04'], ['L01.224.160'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['G03'], ['E05.599.395'], ['L01.224.900'], ['L01.224.900.820'], ['L01.224.900.910']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The use of archived tags in retrospective genetic analysis of fish.
|
Collections of historical tissue samples from fish (e.g. scales and otoliths) stored in museums and fisheries institutions are precious sources of DNA for conducting retrospective genetic analysis. However, in some cases, only external tags used for documentation of spatial dynamics of fish populations have been preserved. Here, we test the usefulness of fish tags as a source of DNA for genetic analysis. We extract DNA from historical tags from cod collected in Greenlandic waters between 1950 and 1968. We show that the quantity and quality of DNA recovered from tags is comparable to DNA from archived otoliths from the same individuals. Surprisingly, levels of cross-contamination do not seem to be significantly higher in DNA from external (tag) than internal (otolith) sources. Our study therefore demonstrates that historical tags can be a highly valuable source of DNA for retrospective genetic analysis of fish.
|
['Animals', 'DNA', 'Gadus morhua', 'Marine Biology', 'Museums', 'Otolithic Membrane']
| 24,299,474
|
[['B01.050'], ['D13.444.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.467.400'], ['H01.158.273.248.750.500', 'H01.277.249.750.500', 'H01.277.750.500'], ['J03.570', 'K01.400.152.552'], ['A09.246.300.909.625.125.680']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Determining the site of airway obstruction in obstructive sleep apnea with airway pressure measurements during sleep].
|
OBJECTIVE: Determine the site(s) of upper airway obstruction and the influence of sleep stage on the pattern of obstruction with upper airway (UA) pressure measurement. Analyses the clinical value of UA pressure measurement and it's influenced factors.METHODS: 30 OSAS patients underwent UA pressure measurement during polysomnography. Multisensory pressure catheters with five solid-state ultraminiature sensors were insert through patients' upper airway to esophagus, The sensors were located at the nasopharynx, oropharynx, tongue base, hypopharynx and esophagus and the lower limit of UA obstruction was determined relying on the observed pressure pattern.RESULTS: (1) During inspiration, obstruction occurred associated with a increased negative inspiratory pressure inferior to the site of obstruction and a disappeared negative inspiratory pressure above the site of obstruction. (2) Three patterns of obstruction were observed. 1. The site of obstruction was located at the level of the palate. 2. The level of the palate and tonguebase obstruction all present. 3. Nasopharyngeal obstruction soft plate obstruction and tongue-pharynx obstruction all present. (3) The factors which affected these measurement are 1. The catheter were placed by observation with a fiberoptic endoscope to keep the sensors located at the correct position. 2. Catheter plugging with secretions need to be prevented.CONCLUSION: UA pressure measurement can objectively identify the level of obstruction during sleep.
|
['Adult', 'Airway Obstruction', 'Airway Resistance', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pressoreceptors', 'Sleep', 'Sleep Apnea, Obstructive']
| 12,762,003
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C08.618.846.185'], ['E01.370.386.700.050', 'G09.772.060'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A08.675.650.915.750.750', 'A08.800.050.800.900.700', 'A08.800.950.750.750', 'A11.671.650.915.750.750'], ['F02.830.855', 'G11.561.803'], ['C08.618.085.852.850', 'C10.886.425.800.750.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
L-deprenyl (selegiline) limits the repetitive firing of action potentials in rat hippocampal CA1 neurons via a dopaminergic mechanism.
|
The effects of L-deprenyl (selegiline), a highly selective monoamine oxidase type B (MAO-B) inhibitor, on cell excitability of rat hippocampal CA1 neurons were examined in slice preparations using intracellular recording techniques. Superfusion of L-deprenyl (10 and 20 microM) reversibly limited the repetitive firing (RF) of action potentials elicited by injection of depolarizing current pulses (100 ms) into the pyramidal cells. At a concentration of 1-50 microM, L-deprenyl did not alter resting membrane potential or input resistance of the hippocampal CA1 neurons. The limitation of RF by L-deprenyl (20 microM) was accompanied by the reduction of the maximal rate of rise (Vmax) of the action potentials in a non-voltage-dependent manner. In 80% of recorded cells, application of L-deprenyl (20 microM) produced an increase in the amplitude and duration of afterhyperpolarization (AHP). The limitation of L-deprenyl on RF was mimicked by other MAO-B inhibitors, pargyline and 4-phenylpyridine. In addition, the ability of L-deprenyl to limit RF was not observed in the hippocampal CA1 neurons taken from dopamine (DA)-depleted rats. Moreover, we also observed that the L-deprenyl-induced limitation of RF was specifically antagonized by (+/-)-7-bromo-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzaz epine (SKF-83566, 5 microM), a selective D1 dopaminergic receptor antagonist. However, the D2 dopaminergic receptor antagonist, sulpiride (5 microM), had no effect on L-deprenyl's action. These results indicate that the MAO-B inhibitory ability leading to an increase of the dopaminergic tone in the hippocampus is involved, at least in part, in the L-deprenyl-induced reduction of neuronal excitability in the CA1 region of rat hippocampus and that the D1 dopaminergic receptor is involved in L-deprenyl's action.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Antiparkinson Agents', 'Dopamine', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors', 'Pargyline', 'Pyramidal Cells', 'Pyridines', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptors, Dopamine D1', 'Selegiline']
| 9,125,428
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.427.090.050'], ['D02.092.211.215.406', 'D02.092.311.342', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342'], ['E05.481'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['D27.505.519.389.616'], ['D02.092.200.650', 'D02.455.426.559.389.140.210.650'], ['A08.675.790', 'A11.671.790'], ['D03.383.725'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.400.400', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.400.400', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.400.400'], ['D02.092.471.683.915']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Rationale and design of the Randomized Evaluation of patients with Stable angina Comparing Utilization of noninvasive Examinations (RESCUE) trial.
|
RESCUE is a phase III, randomized, controlled, multicenter, comparative efficacy study, designed to compare two diagnostic imaging/treatment paradigms that use coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) or single photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT MPI) for assisting in the diagnosis of ischemic heart disease in patients with stable angina symptoms, and guiding subsequent treatment. The study is based on the hypothesis that CCTA as a diagnostic tool is associated with no increase in cardiac risk, decreased cost, and reduced radiation exposure compared with SPECT MPI. The RESCUE trial was funded by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the American College of Radiology Imaging Network (ACRIN) Fund for Imaging Innovation, began in 2011, and completed in 2014.
|
['Adrenergic beta-Antagonists', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Angina, Stable', 'Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists', 'Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Antihypertensive Agents', 'Computed Tomography Angiography', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Diet Therapy', 'Exercise', 'Female', 'Heart Diseases', 'Humans', 'Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Myocardial Ischemia', 'Myocardial Perfusion Imaging', 'Myocardial Revascularization', 'Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors', 'Smoking Cessation', 'Time Factors', 'Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon', 'Vasodilator Agents']
| 27,595,676
|
[['D27.505.519.625.050.200.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.200.200'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C14.280.647.187.362', 'C14.907.585.187.362', 'C23.888.592.612.233.500.575'], ['D27.505.519.162'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.085'], ['D27.505.954.411.162'], ['E01.370.350.350.810.335', 'E01.370.350.567.250', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.335', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.335', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.568', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.499'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['E02.642.249'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['C14.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.519.186.071.202.370', 'D27.505.519.389.370', 'D27.505.954.557.500.202.370'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['C14.280.647', 'C14.907.585'], ['E01.370.350.130.875', 'E01.370.350.710.600.500', 'E01.370.370.380.500', 'E01.370.384.730.354.500'], ['E04.100.376.719', 'E04.928.220.520'], ['D27.505.954.502.780'], ['F01.145.488.732'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.800', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.800', 'E01.370.350.710.800.800', 'E01.370.350.825.800.800', 'E01.370.384.730.800.800'], ['D27.505.954.411.918']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Ultrastructural aspects of peptidergic modulation in the peripheral nervous system of Helix pomatia.
|
The ultrastructural characteristics of peptidergic peripheral contacts in the snail, Helix pomatia, were investigated, with special attention to the innervation of the heart, buccal mass, and salivary gland by Mytilus inhibitory peptide-immunoreactive neurons. Following the application of correlative light- and electron-microscopic pre-embedding immunocytochemistry, the peripheral tissues reveal a rich innervation by Mytilus inhibitory peptide-immunoreactive elements. These neurons establish three types of neuromuscular contacts in the heart and buccal mass: (1) close (16-20 nm) unspecialized membrane contacts; (2) contacts with a relative wide (40-100 nm) intersynaptic cleft; and (3) labeled varicosties located freely in the extracellular space, far (0. 5-several microm) from the muscle cells. In the salivary gland, the immunoractive profiles contact both the muscular and glandular elements with close (type 1) and wider (type 2) membrane attachments. The great majority of Mytilus inhibitory peptide-immunoreactive profiles contain an ultrastructurally uniform population of large (120-150 nm) electron dense granules. The ultrastructural features of the innervation by Mytilus inhibitory peptide-immunoreactive elements are compared with those established by immunogold labelled FMRFamide-containing profiles in the heart and salivary gland. These latter display similarities in forming the different kinds of intercellular contacts, and differences in the morphological variability of the content of granules in the immunolabeled profiles. The results suggest diverse, non-synaptic modulatory roles of neuropeptides in the peripheral nervous system of Helix pomatia, including localized membrane effects and neurohormonal-like remote global controls, that may also be of significance in orchestrating the effects of neuropeptides released at the same time on different targets.
|
['Animals', 'FMRFamide', 'Heart', 'Helix, Snails', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Mouth Mucosa', 'Nervous System', 'Oligopeptides', 'Salivary Glands']
| 10,862,110
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.644.400.235', 'D12.776.631.650.235'], ['A07.541'], ['B01.050.500.644.400.750.450'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['A10.615.550.599', 'A14.549.512'], ['A08'], ['D12.644.456'], ['A03.556.500.760', 'A10.336.779', 'A14.549.760']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effectiveness and safety of dabigatran therapy in daily-care patients with atrial fibrillation. Results from the Dresden NOAC Registry.
|
The effectiveness and safety of dabigatran for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (SPAF) demonstrated in RE-LY needs to be confirmed in daily care. To evaluate treatment persistence, effectiveness and safety of dabigatran therapy in SPAF patients in daily care, we used data from an ongoing, prospective, non-interventional registry of more than 2,500 patients on novel oral anticoagulants in daily care. Between October 1, 2011 and February 28, 2013, a total of 341 SPAF patients receiving dabigatran were enrolled. The combined endpoint of stroke/transient ischaemic attack/systemic embolism occurred at a rate of 2.93/100 patient-years in the intention-to-treat analysis (95%-CI 1.6-4.9) and at 1.9/100 patient-years in the on treatment analysis (events within three days after last intake). On-treatment rates were higher in patients selected for 110 mg dabigatran (n=183) BID compared to the 158 patients selected for 150 mg BID (2.88 [95% CI 1.16- 5.93] vs 0.86/100 patient-years [95% CI 0.10, 3.12]). On treatment, major bleeding occurred at a rate of 2.3/100 patient-years and numerically more often in patients receiving the 110 mg BID dose compared to the 150 mg BID dose (2.9 vs 1.7/100 patient-years). Dabigatran treatment discontinuation occurred in a total of 124 patients during follow-up (25.8 per 100 patient-years in Kaplan Meier analysis). Main reasons for treatment discontinuation were non-bleeding side effects. Our data contribute to the confirmation of effectiveness and relative safety of dabigatran in unselected patients in daily care. However, discontinuation rates are not lower than those reported for patients treated with vitamin K antagonists.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antithrombins', 'Atrial Fibrillation', 'Dabigatran', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Embolism', 'Female', 'Germany', 'Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Intention to Treat Analysis', 'Ischemic Attack, Transient', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Registries', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Stroke', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 25,739,533
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.800.449', 'D27.505.954.502.119.500'], ['C14.280.067.198', 'C23.550.073.198'], ['D03.383.725.192', 'D03.633.100.103.280'], ['E02.319.283'], ['C14.907.355.350'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['C23.550.414'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500.500'], ['C10.228.140.300.150.836', 'C14.907.253.092.836'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Oncofetal proteins - their character and clinical significance as tumour-markers (author's transl)].
|
Substances with tumour-marker functions were characterized in the present review. Based on detailed knowledge available for the oncofetal proteins AFP and CEA conclusions were drawn in respect to the present position and future development for this group of substances.
|
['Antigens, Neoplasm', 'Carcinoembryonic Antigen', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Humans', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Neoplasms', 'Prognosis', 'alpha-Fetoproteins']
| 6,163,265
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Value of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with resected stage IB solid predominant and solid non-predominant lung adenocarcinoma.
|
BACKGROUND: The use of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) for stage IB lung adenocarcinoma remains controversial. We examined the benefits of ACT in stage IB patients with tumors composed of solid material.METHODS: The records of 309 patients with stage IB lung adenocarcinoma who had undergone complete resection between 2006 and 2015 were reviewed. All pathological slides were evaluated for the composition of solid material.RESULTS: Our data showed that although disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were not significantly different (P = 0.306 and P = 0.061, respectively) between patients displaying a solid pattern of tumor growth and treated with or without ACT, patients with a solid predominant pattern of tumor growth treated with ACT had longer DFS (hazard ratio 0.359; P = 0.033) and OS (hazard ratio 0.205; P = 0.003). In patients with solid non-predominant patterns, treatment with ACT had no effect on DFS (P = 0.326) or OS (P = 0.508).CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative patients with the solid predominant pattern of stage IB lung adenocarcinoma may benefit from ACT, while those with the solid non-predominant pattern will not.
|
['Adenocarcinoma of Lung', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Carboplatin', 'Chemotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Cisplatin', 'Deoxycytidine', 'Docetaxel', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Paclitaxel', 'Pemetrexed', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Survival Rate', 'Vinorelbine']
| 30,561,142
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025.022', 'C04.588.894.797.520.055'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['D02.257.125'], ['E02.186.170', 'E02.319.170'], ['D01.210.375', 'D01.625.125', 'D01.710.100'], ['D03.383.742.680.245.500', 'D13.570.230.329', 'D13.570.685.245.500'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888.389', 'D02.455.849.291.850.389'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['E01.789.625'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888.777', 'D02.455.849.291.850.777'], ['D03.633.100.759.758.399.454.650', 'D12.125.067.625.525', 'D12.125.119.409.525'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['D03.132.436.681.827.915', 'D03.633.100.473.402.681.827.915', 'D03.633.100.496.500.500.681.827.915']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Interactions of gephyrotoxin with the acetylcholine receptor-ionic channel complex. II. Enhancement of desensitization.
|
The actions of the tricyclic alkaloid gephyrotoxin ( GyTX ) on the extrajunctional and junctional acetylcholine (ACh) sensitivity and desensitization were studied in the chronically denervated rat soleus muscle and cutaneous pectoris muscle of the frog. At low concentrations, GyTX greatly depressed the extrajunctional ACh sensitivity of the chronically denervated soleus muscles. In addition, GyTX produced a strong inhibition of junctional end-plate potentials evoked by ACh. Junctional and extrajunctional desensitizations induced by microiontophoretically applied ACh were greatly enhanced by the alkaloid in a frequency-dependent manner. These effects were readily reversible. The interaction of GyTX with binding sites on the acetylcholine receptor-channel (AChR) complex was studied on electroplax membranes from Torpedo californica. GyTX binds to the AChR complex at a site distinct from the ACh binding site, as revealed by its lack of inhibition of [125I]alpha-bungarotoxin ( [125I]BGT) binding. On the other hand, GyTX at a concentration range between 1 microM and 100 microM significantly increased the potency of the agonist carbamylcholine as an antagonist of binding of [125I]BGT. At low micromolar concentrations, GyTX inhibited the binding of [3H]perhydrohistrionicotoxin and [3H] phencyclidine to sites associated with the ionic channel of the AChR complex. The affinity of GyTX for these sites was increased 3- to 5-fold by carbamylcholine. Results of electrophysiological and binding studies indicate that GyTX not only blocks the open channel of the AChR but also enhances desensitization of the AChR complex by increasing receptor affinity for agonists.
|
['Acetylcholine', 'Alkaloids', 'Amphibian Venoms', 'Animals', 'Carbachol', 'Drug Synergism', 'Electric Organ', 'Evoked Potentials', 'Ion Channels', 'Kinetics', 'Motor Endplate', 'Muscle Denervation', 'Muscles', 'Ranidae', 'Rats', 'Receptors, Nicotinic', 'Torpedo']
| 6,328,265
|
[['D02.092.211.111'], ['D03.132'], ['D20.888.033', 'D23.946.833.033'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.092.877.883.333.115', 'D02.675.276.232.115'], ['G07.690.773.968.477'], ['A13.332'], ['G07.265.216.500', 'G11.561.200.500'], ['D12.776.157.530.400', 'D12.776.543.550.450', 'D12.776.543.585.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['A08.800.550.550.550.500', 'A08.850.550.550.500', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780.550.550.500'], ['E04.525.210.500', 'E04.525.210.560.500'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.708'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.100.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.100.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.100.500', 'D12.776.543.750.130.687', 'D12.776.543.750.720.360.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.370.935', 'B01.050.150.900.493.378.722']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mitochondrial injury and cognitive function in HIV infection and methamphetamine use.
|
OBJECTIVE: In this work, we evaluated the association of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and methamphetamine (METH) use with mitochondrial injury in the brain and its implication on neurocognitive impairment.DESIGN: Mitochondria carry their genome (mtDNA) and play a critical role in cellular processes in the central nervous system. METH is commonly used in HIV-infected populations. HIV infection and METH use can cause damage to mtDNA and lead to neurocognitive morbidity. We evaluated HIV infection and METH use with mitochondrial injury in the brain.METHODS: We obtained white and gray matter from Brodmann areas 7, 8, 9, 46 of the following: HIV-infected individuals with history of past METH use (HIV+METH+, n = 16), HIV-infected individuals with no history of past METH use (HIV+METH-, n = 11), and HIV-negative controls (HIV-METH-, n = 30). We used the 'common deletion', a 4977 bp mutation, as a measurement of mitochondrial injury, and quantified levels of mtDNA and 'common deletion' by droplet digital PCR, and evaluated in relation to neurocognitive functioning [Global Deficit Score (GDS)].RESULTS: Levels of mtDNA and mitochondrial injury were highest in white matter of Brodmann area 46. A higher relative proportion of mtDNA carrying the 'common deletion' was associated with lower GDS (P < 0.01) in HIV+METH+ but higher GDS (P < 0.01) in HIV+METH-.CONCLUSIONS: Increased mitochondrial injury was associated with worse neurocognitive function in HIV+METH- individuals. Among HIV+METH+ individuals, an opposite effect was seen.
|
['Adult', 'Brain', 'Central Nervous System Stimulants', 'Cognition', 'Cohort Studies', 'DNA, Mitochondrial', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Methamphetamine', 'Middle Aged', 'Mitochondria', 'Neurocognitive Disorders', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Substance-Related Disorders']
| 26,807,965
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D27.505.696.282', 'D27.505.954.427.220'], ['F02.463.188'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['D13.444.308.283.225'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.092.471.683.152.619'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['F03.615'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Crystal structure of Escherichia coli YidC, a membrane protein chaperone and insertase.
|
Bacterial YidC, an evolutionally conserved membrane protein, functions as a membrane protein chaperone in cooperation with the Sec translocon and as an independent insertase for membrane proteins. In Gram-negative bacteria, the transmembrane and periplasmic regions of YidC interact with the Sec proteins, forming a multi-protein complex for Sec-dependent membrane protein integration. Here, we report the crystal structure of full-length Escherichia coli YidC. The structure reveals that a hydrophilic groove, formed by five transmembrane helices, is a conserved structural feature of YidC, as compared to the previous YidC structure from Bacillus halodurans, which lacks a periplasmic domain. Structural mapping of the substrate- or Sec protein-contact sites suggested the importance of the groove for the YidC functions as a chaperone and an insertase, and provided structural insight into the multi-protein complex.
|
['Bacillus', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Escherichia coli', 'Escherichia coli Proteins', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Membrane Transport Proteins', 'Molecular Chaperones', 'Protein Structure, Secondary']
| 25,466,392
|
[['B03.300.390.400.158.218', 'B03.353.500.100.218', 'B03.510.100.100.218', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D12.776.097.275'], ['D12.776.543'], ['D12.776.157.530', 'D12.776.543.585'], ['D12.776.580'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Neonatal deafferentation prevents normal expression of synaptic vesicle antigens in the developing rat superior cervical ganglion.
|
The effect of neonatal deafferentation of the rat superior cervical ganglion (SCG) on the expression of two synaptic vesicle proteins was studied to assess the role of transsynaptic influences in the regulation of these neural antigens in the SCG. The two proteins studied were a 65 kilodalton integral membrane protein of synaptic vesicles (SV), and synapsin-1 (S-1), a synaptic vesicle phosphoprotein. Antigen levels were quantified by radioimmunoassay using antibodies directed against the proteins. Distribution of SV in control, deafferented and reinnervated ganglia from 30-day-old rats was visualized by immunohistochemical labeling. Levels of both antigens were reduced following deafferentation of the SCG on postnatal days 1-3. The reduction in S-1 levels at 30 days was less than that observed for SV. The amount of S-1 remaining in deafferented ganglia was consistent with estimates of the postsynaptic pool in the SCG reported previously. SV levels, in contrast, were reduced to 24% of control levels, suggesting that SV synthesis in principal ganglionic neurons might be affected. The time course of postnatal development of S-1 in the SCG differed from previous studies of SV expression, with significant increases occurring after the second week after birth. The differences in response to deafferentation may reflect functional differences of the two vesicle-associated proteins. These studies demonstrate that transsynaptic regulation of antigens other than those directly associated with neurotransmitters occurs in the SCG.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Brain', 'Decerebrate State', 'Female', 'Ganglia, Sympathetic', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Male', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Molecular Weight', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Synapsins', 'Synaptic Vesicles']
| 3,138,771
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['A08.186.211'], ['C10.597.305', 'C23.888.592.298'], ['A08.340.315.350', 'A08.800.050.300.300', 'A08.800.050.800.300'], ['G05.308'], ['D12.776.543'], ['G02.494'], ['D12.776.631'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D12.776.631.750', 'D12.776.744.840'], ['A08.850.840', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.880.830']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Structure-activity relationships for G2 checkpoint inhibition by caffeine analogs.
|
Caffeine inhibits the G2 checkpoint activated by DNA damage and enhances the toxicity of DNA-damaging agents towards p53-defective cancer cells. The relationship between structure and G2 checkpoint inhibition was determined for 56 caffeine analogs. Replacement of the methyl group at position 3 or 7 resulted in loss of activity, while replacement at position 1 by ethyl or propyl increased activity slightly. 8-Substituted caffeines retained activity, but were relatively insoluble. The structure-activity profile did not resemble those for other known pharmacological activities of caffeine. The active analogs also potentiated the killing of p53-defective cells by ionizing radiation, but none was as effective as caffeine.
|
['Breast Neoplasms', 'Caffeine', 'Cobalt Radioisotopes', 'DNA Damage', 'DNA Repair', 'G2 Phase', 'Humans', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53']
| 10,762,633
|
[['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['D03.132.960.175', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.175'], ['D01.268.556.185.500.354', 'D01.268.956.155.500.354', 'D01.496.239.354', 'D01.496.749.256', 'D01.552.544.185.500.354'], ['G05.200'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['G04.144.500.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['A11.251.860'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[High resolution ultrasound examination in the diagnosis of the undescended testis in the inguinal region].
|
Twenty-six undescended testes in 22 patients between 1 and 31 years old were evaluated with ultrasonographic examination between October, 1981 and December, 1985. All 22 patients were operated on, and the accuracy of the ultrasonic diagnosis was evaluated in comparison to that of palpation diagnosis. Fourteen of 26 testes could be palpated preoperatively and these were all identified ultrasonographically and surgically. Twelve testes could not be palpated. On these 12 testes, surgical exploration revealed 9 testes in the inguinal region and absence of 3 testes. Ultrasound examination predicted its presence in 5 of 9 testes and its absence in all 3 testes. Both sonography and palpation failed to identify their presence in 4 tests. Thus, sensitivity of ultrasound examination was 82.6%, specificity 100% and accuracy 84.6% retrospectively. We conclude that ultrasound examination is useful in diagnosis of impalpable undescended testes in inguinal region.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cryptorchidism', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Inguinal Canal', 'Male', 'Palpation', 'Ultrasonography']
| 2,897,766
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C12.294.829.258', 'C12.706.258', 'C16.131.939.258', 'C19.391.829.258'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['A01.923.047.412'], ['E01.370.600.600'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Impact of blood testing on patient disposition from the emergency department.
|
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether blood test results lead to a change in planned disposition of patients from the ED.METHODS: A prospective review of the anticipated and actual disposition of patients from the ED before and after blood test results, including stratification by seniority of medical staff.RESULTS: There were 256 patients enrolled, 53% had blood tests requested. Expected disposition was not altered by test results in 87% of patients having blood tests. Medical staff were poor at identifying those patients whose disposition would be altered by their blood results (sensitivity 44%, specificity 72%, negative predictive value 89%). Seniority of medical staff was not associated with an alteration in disposition due to the blood results (P = 0.37).CONCLUSIONS: Blood test results have minimal impact on expected patient disposition from the ED. Recognition of this may improve resource utilisation with earlier discharge planning.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Diagnostic Tests, Routine', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Emergency Treatment', 'Health Services Research', 'Humans', 'Medical Staff, Hospital', 'Patient Admission', 'Patient Discharge', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prospective Studies', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Victoria', 'Workload']
| 12,675,621
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['E01.370.395'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['E02.365'], ['H01.770.644.145.360', 'N03.349.380', 'N05.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.526.485.630.490', 'M01.526.485.740.422', 'N02.360.630.490', 'N02.360.740.422'], ['E02.760.400.600', 'N02.421.585.400.600'], ['E02.760.169.125', 'E02.760.400.610', 'N02.421.585.169.125', 'N02.421.585.400.610', 'N04.590.233.727.210.125'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.639.100.992', 'Z01.678.100.373.992'], ['I03.946.225.500', 'N04.452.677.650.500']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Expression levels of survivin, Bcl-2, and KAI1 proteins in cervical cancer and their correlation with metastasis.
|
Cervical cancer is associated with abnormal expression of multiple genes. Survivin and Bcl-2 proteins are apoptosis inhibitors. The tumor suppressor gene CD82, which encodes the protein KAI1, is downregulated in cervical cancer, and is associated with differentiation degree. We investigated the expression levels of three proteins and their correlation with metastasis in cervical cancer by comparing them in different cervical lesions. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect their three protein expression levels in the normal cervix, chronic cervicitis, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesions, and cervical cancer. The relationships between the protein expression levels and tumor type, clinical stage, tissue differentiation, invasion, and metastasis were analyzed. Survivin and Bcl-2 expression levels in cervical cancer were significantly higher than in the normal cervix, chronic cervicitis, or CIN (P < 0.05). KAI1 expression was markedly lower in cervical cancer than in the normal cervix, chronic cervicitis, or CIN (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference between the expression levels of the three proteins in CIN and chronic cervicitis, but there were differences in expression between CIN and normal cervical tissues (P < 0.05). Bcl-2 and survivin levels were positively correlated while KAI1 expression was negatively correlated with clinical stage. Survivin and KAI1 expression levels were associated with lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05), and KAI1 expression was positively related with differentiation degree (P < 0.05). Survivin, Bcl-2, and KAI1 are metastasis-related factors in cervical cancer. Overexpression of survivin and Bcl-2, and low expression of KAI1 promotes cervical cancer progress and metastasis.
|
['Adult', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Gene Expression', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins', 'Kangai-1 Protein', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Grading', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Prognosis', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2', 'Survivin', 'Uterine Cervical Neoplasms', 'Young Adult']
| 26,681,053
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['G05.297'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D08.811.464.938.750.210', 'D12.644.360.075.437', 'D12.776.476.075.437'], ['D12.776.395.550.016', 'D12.776.543.550.182', 'D12.776.543.900.182', 'D12.776.624.776.523'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.612'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E01.789'], ['D12.644.360.075.718', 'D12.776.476.075.718', 'D12.776.624.664.700.169'], ['D12.644.360.075.437.625', 'D12.776.167.576', 'D12.776.220.600.450.495', 'D12.776.476.075.437.625'], ['C04.588.945.418.948.850', 'C13.351.500.852.593.131', 'C13.351.500.852.762.850', 'C13.351.937.418.875.850'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Lesson of the month: Rowing-induced laryngeal obstruction: a novel cause of exertional dyspnoea: characterised by direct laryngoscopy.
|
Exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) is a key differential diagnosis for unexplained dyspnoea in athletes. The gold standard means for diagnosis of EILO is direct laryngoscopy, performed continuously, while an athlete undertakes the specific sport that precipitates their symptoms. This report provides the first descriptions of rowing-associated EILO in two competitive rowers presenting with unexplained dyspnoea and cough. The report describes the methodology and safety of the use of continuous laryngoscopy in the context of maximal rowing ergometry and the use of this technique as a therapeutic tool to provide biofeedback.
|
['Airway Obstruction', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Dyspnea', 'Exercise Test', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Laryngeal Diseases', 'Laryngoscopy', 'Physical Exertion', 'Young Adult']
| 25,260,575
|
[['C08.618.846.185'], ['E01.171'], ['C08.618.326', 'C23.888.852.371'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.360', 'C09.400'], ['E01.370.386.460', 'E01.370.388.250.525', 'E04.502.250.525', 'E04.580.373'], ['G11.427.683'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Changes in Home Parenteral Nutrition Practice Based on the Canadian Home Parenteral Nutrition Patient Registry.
|
BACKGROUND: Since 2005, the Canadian home parenteral nutrition (HPN) registry has collected data on patients' demography, outcomes, and HPN clinical practice. At annual meetings, Canadian HPN programs review and discuss results.AIM: To evaluate changes over time in patient demography, outcomes, and HPN clinical practice using the registry data.METHODS: This retrospective study evaluated 369 patients who were prospectively entered in the registry. Two periods were compared for the first data entry: 2005-2008 (n = 182) and 2011-2014 (n = 187). Patient demography, indications for HPN, HPN regimen, nutrition assessment, vascular access, and number of line sepsis per 1000 catheter days were evaluated.RESULTS: For 2011-2014 compared with 2005-2008, indications for HPN changed significantly, with an increased proportion of patients with cancer (37.9% vs 16.7%) and with fewer cases of short bowel syndrome (32% vs 65.5%); line sepsis rate decreased from 1.58 to 0.97 per 1000 catheter days; and the use of tunneled catheters decreased from 64.3% to 38.0% and was no longer the most frequently chosen vascular access method. In contrast, the proportion of peripherally inserted central catheters increased from 21.6% to 52.9%. In addition, there was a reduction in number and days of hospitalizations related to HPN, and favorable changes were noted in the prescription of energy, proteins, and trace elements.CONCLUSION: The Canadian HPN registry is useful in tracking trends in demography, outcomes, and clinical practice. Results suggest a shift in patient demography and line access with improvement in line sepsis, hospitalizations, and HPN prescriptions.
|
['Adult', 'Canada', 'Catheter-Related Infections', 'Catheterization, Peripheral', 'Central Venous Catheters', 'Female', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nutrition Assessment', 'Parenteral Nutrition, Home', 'Registries', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sepsis', 'Short Bowel Syndrome']
| 26,407,599
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.107.567.176'], ['C01.195'], ['E02.148.224', 'E04.100.814.529.937', 'E04.502.382.937', 'E05.157.375'], ['E07.132.750.500'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.585', 'N05.715.360.300.560', 'N06.850.505.557', 'N06.850.520.308.585'], ['E02.421.505.550', 'E02.642.500.505.550', 'N02.421.143.524.650'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C01.757', 'C23.550.470.790.500'], ['C06.405.469.637.832', 'C23.550.767.882']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Cytotoxicity investigation of a new hydroxyapatite scaffold with improved structural design.
|
Introduction: Biodegradable porous scaffolds are found to be very promising bone substitutes, acting
as a temporary physical support to guide new tissue regeneration, until the entire scaffold is totally
degraded and replaced by the new tissue.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate cytotoxicity of a synthesized calcium hydroxyapatitebased
scaffold, named ALBO-OS, with high porosity and optimal topology.Methods: The ALBO-OS scaffold was synthesized by the method of polymer foam template. The analysis
of pore geometry and scaffold walls’ topography was made by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The
biological investigations assumed the examinations of ALBO-OS cytotoxicity to mouse L929 fibroblasts,
using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromidefor (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase
(LDH) tests and inverse phase microscopy.Results: The SEM analysis showed high porosity with fair pore distribution and interesting morphology
from the biological standpoint. The biological investigations showed that the material is not cytotoxic
to L929 cells. Comparison of ALBO-OS with Bio-Oss, as the global gold standard as a bone substitute,
showed similar results in MTT test, while LDH test showed significantly higher rate of cell multiplication
with ALBO-OS.Conclusion: The scaffold design from the aspect of pore size, distribution, and topology seems to be very
convenient for cell adhesion and occupation, which makes it a promising material as a bone substitute.
The results of biological assays proved that ALBO-OS is not cytotoxic for L929 fibroblasts. In comparison
with Bio-Oss, similar or even better results were obtained.
|
['Animals', 'Biocompatible Materials', 'Bone Substitutes', 'Cell Line', 'Durapatite', 'Fibroblasts', 'Mice', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Porosity', 'Tissue Scaffolds']
| 29,648,745
|
[['B01.050'], ['D25.130', 'D27.720.102.130', 'J01.637.051.130'], ['D25.130.325', 'J01.637.051.130.325'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374.075.025.300.150', 'D01.146.360.050.300.200', 'D01.578.122.477.300', 'D01.695.625.675.650.075.025.300.150'], ['A11.329.228'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['G01.374.710'], ['E07.206.627', 'E07.695.825']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Growth failure in vitamin D-deficient rat pups.
|
Vitamin D-deficient rat pups were produced by feeding normal impregnated rats a diet deficient in vitamin D after mating. The rat pups appeared normal at birth but stopped growing at 1 week of age. Despite this growth failure, these pups were normocalcemic. Analyses of calvaria from a similar group of dams given vitamin D3 showed that these dams mobilized skeletal calcium to meet the calcium requirements of their growing pups.
|
['Animals', 'Calcium', 'Cholecalciferol', 'Female', 'Growth Disorders', 'Lactation', 'Maternal-Fetal Exchange', 'Pregnancy', 'Rats', 'Vitamin D Deficiency']
| 6,268,261
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.159', 'D04.210.500.247.808.146', 'D04.210.500.812.768.196', 'D10.570.938.146'], ['C23.550.393'], ['G08.686.523', 'G08.686.702.500'], ['G08.686.784.769.455'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.770']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Expression of neural stem cell surface marker CD133 in balloon cells of human focal cortical dysplasia.
|
PURPOSE: Focal cortical dysplasia (CD) is characterized by the presence of dysmorphic neurons, laminar and columnar disorganization. A few patients with CD have balloon cells intermixed with dysmorphic neurons. The cellular characteristics of balloon cells remain unknown. This study was intended to determine further the cellular characteristics of balloon cells.METHODS: Neocortical tissue resected from five patients with medically intractable focal epilepsy due to CD was studied. The presence of balloon cells (large opalescent cells with eccentric nuclei) was confirmed in all five patients by using cresylecht violet staining. Immunocytochemistry used antibodies against markers of pluripotential stem cells (CD133), multipotential progenitor cells (nestin), antiapoptotic gene products (Bcl-2), immature neurons (beta-tubulin 3, TUJ1), immature glia (vimentin), mature neurons (MAP2 and NeuN), and astrocytes (glial fibrillary acidic protein; GFAP).RESULTS: Balloon cells (BCs) were found to be immunoreactive to Bcl-2 (46%), vimentin (41%), Nestin (28%), CD133 (28%), MAP2 (27%), GFAP (14%), and TUJ1 (10%). An extremely small number of BCs were immunopositive for NeuN. Confocal double labeling showed that balloon cells were dually immunopositive for CD133/nestin; CD133/GFAP; CD133/Bcl-2, and nestin/GFAP.CONCLUSIONS: These results show that balloon cells are heterogeneous cell populations expressing cell-surface markers for pluripotential stem cells and proteins for multipotent progenitors, or immature neurons/glia. The presence of stem cell/progenitor markers in the balloon cells could be due to a persistent postnatal neurogenesis or early embryonic insult that resulted in arrest of proliferation/differentiation at their early stages. Additionally, the coexpression of Bcl-2 in CD133-positive balloon cells suggests that a resistance to programmed cell death may be involved in the pathogenesis of cortical dysplasia.
|
['AC133 Antigen', 'Antigens, CD', 'Biomarkers', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Genes, bcl-2', 'Glycoproteins', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Infant', 'Intermediate Filament Proteins', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Nervous System Malformations', 'Nestin', 'Neurons', 'Peptides', 'Pluripotent Stem Cells', 'Stem Cells']
| 16,302,851
|
[['D12.776.395.550.007', 'D12.776.543.550.023'], ['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['D23.101'], ['G04.152'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.500.791.150'], ['D09.400.430', 'D12.776.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['M01.060.703'], ['D05.750.078.593', 'D12.776.220.475'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['D12.776.631'], ['C10.500', 'C16.131.666'], ['D05.750.078.593.540', 'D12.776.220.475.540', 'D12.776.631.607'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D12.644'], ['A11.872.700'], ['A11.872']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Mechanisms regulating the copy numbers of six LTR retrotransposons in the genome of Drosophila melanogaster.
|
There has been debate over the mechanisms that control the copy number of transposable elements in the genome of Drosophila melanogaster. Target sites in D. melanogaster populations are occupied at low frequencies, suggesting that there is some form of selection acting against transposable elements. Three main theories have been proposed to explain how selection acts against transposable elements: insertions of a copy of a transposable element are selected against; chromosomal rearrangements caused by ectopic exchange between element copies are selected against; or the process of transposition itself is selected against. The three theories give different predictions for the pattern of transposable element insertions in the chromosomes of D. melanogaster. We analysed the abundance of six LTR (long terminal repeat) retrotransposons on the X and fourth chromosomes of multiple strains of D. melanogaster, which we compare with the predictions of each theory. The data suggest that no one theory can account for the insertion patterns of all six retrotransposons. Comparing our results with earlier work using these transposable element families, we find a significant correlation between studies in the particular model of copy number regulation supported by the proportion of elements on the X for the different transposable element families. This suggests that different retrotransposon families are regulated by different mechanisms.
|
['Animals', 'Drosophila melanogaster', 'Gene Dosage', 'Genome', 'Retroelements', 'Selection, Genetic', 'Terminal Repeat Sequences', 'X Chromosome']
| 12,068,968
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250.500'], ['G05.380.350'], ['G05.360.340'], ['D13.444.308.760', 'G02.111.570.080.708.330.800', 'G05.360.080.708.330.800', 'G05.360.340.024.425.800'], ['G05.783'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.850', 'G05.360.080.708.850'], ['A11.284.187.865.982', 'G05.360.162.865.982']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Association of adolescent obesity with risk of severe obesity in adulthood.
|
CONTEXT: Although the prevalence of obesity has increased in recent years, individuals who are obese early in life have not been studied over time to determine whether they develop severe obesity in adulthood, thus limiting effective interventions to reduce severe obesity incidence and its potentially life-threatening associated conditions.OBJECTIVE: To determine incidence and risk of severe obesity in adulthood by adolescent weight status.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A cohort of 8834 individuals aged 12 to 21 years enrolled in 1996 in wave II of the US National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, followed up into adulthood (ages 18-27 years during wave III [2001-2002] and ages 24-33 years during wave IV [2007-2009]). Height and weight were obtained via anthropometry and surveys administered in study participants' homes using standardized procedures.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: New cases of adult-onset severe obesity were calculated by sex, race/ethnicity, and adolescent weight status. Sex-stratified, discrete time hazard models estimated the net effect of adolescent obesity (aged <20 years; body mass index [BMI] ?95th percentile of the sex-specific BMI-for-age growth chart or BMI ?30.0) on risk of severe obesity incidence in adulthood (aged ?20 years; BMI ?40.0), adjusting for race/ethnicity and age and weighted for national representation.RESULTS: In 1996, 79 (1.0%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.7%-1.4%) adolescents were severely obese; 60 (70.5%; 95% CI, 57.2%-83.9%) remained severely obese in adulthood. By 2009, 703 (7.9%; 95% CI, 7.4%-8.5%) non-severely obese adolescents had become severely obese in adulthood, with the highest rates for non-Hispanic black women. Obese adolescents were significantly more likely to develop severe obesity in young adulthood than normal-weight or overweight adolescents (hazard ratio, 16.0; 95% CI, 12.4-20.5).CONCLUSION: In this cohort, obesity in adolescence was significantly associated with increased risk of incident severe obesity in adulthood, with variations by sex and race/ethnicity.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age of Onset', 'Body Weight', 'Child', 'Cohort Studies', 'Continental Population Groups', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Obesity', 'Risk', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Sex Factors', 'United States', 'Young Adult']
| 21,063,014
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075.100', 'N06.850.490.250.100'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['M01.686.508'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
New records of the Japanese seahorse Hippocampus mohnikei in Southeast Asia lead to updates in range, habitat and threats.
|
New records of the Japanese seahorse Hippocampus mohnikei from Cambodia, Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam, along with recently published studies from India and Singapore, have greatly expanded the known range of H. mohnikei within Southeast Asia. These new records reveal novel habitat preferences and threats to H. mohnikei in the region. Although the global conservation status of H. mohnikei is classified as Data Deficient according to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, new sightings indicate that this species is found in similar habitats and faces similar threats as other Hippocampus species that are considered Vulnerable.
|
['Animals', 'Asia, Southeastern', 'Cambodia', 'Conservation of Natural Resources', 'Ecosystem', 'Endangered Species', 'Malaysia', 'Smegmamorpha', 'Thailand', 'Vietnam']
| 26,840,386
|
[['B01.050'], ['Z01.252.145'], ['Z01.252.145.182'], ['J01.256', 'N06.230.080'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['B01.050.050.565', 'G16.500.275.157.049.250', 'N06.230.080.200', 'N06.230.124.049.250'], ['Z01.252.145.487'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.850'], ['Z01.252.145.841'], ['Z01.252.145.945']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Hepatic and muscle injuries in mice treated with heptachlor.
|
Heptachlor is a major component of the insecticide, chlordane. It is a health hazard but is still in use in some countries of Southeast Asia. To elucidate the toxicity of heptachlor its effects on mice after oral and intraperitoneal administration were studied. A 3-day group, 92-day group and 180-day group were given heptachlor intraperitoneally, orally and ad libitum, respectively. Results showed increased levels of serum alanine aminotransferase and decreased levels of serum cholinesterase activity. Serum creatine phosphokinase levels increased significantly. These may be due to the disruption of muscle membrane by chlordane. Results also showed significant variations of serum lipid levels from control as heptachlor has a known effect on lipid metabolism. Also the lipid peroxide levels expressed as TBA values were increased significantly, showing heptachlor's role in causing liver injury. These results suggest that the deterioration of membranes due to lipid peroxidation leads to liver and muscle injuries caused by heptachlor.
|
['Alanine Transaminase', 'Animals', 'Blood Glucose', 'Body Weight', 'Creatine Kinase', 'Heptachlor', 'Lipid Peroxides', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Muscle, Smooth', 'Organ Size']
| 2,244,340
|
[['D08.811.913.477.700.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['D08.811.913.696.640.150'], ['D02.455.526.439.516'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.637', 'D01.339.431.374.637', 'D01.650.550.750.600', 'D02.389.338.450', 'D10.440'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A02.633.570', 'A10.690.467'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Malignant idiopathic anaphylaxis: three additional cases and extended evaluation.
|
Northwestern University's Division of Allergy and Immunology (NUAI) has evaluated and treated 225 patients with idiopathic anaphylaxis (IA) over a period of 16 years. Four patients have been identified with malignant IA. The term "malignant" is used to identify those patients with the most severe form of IA that is resistant to standard therapy. The diagnosis of malignant IA is made in patients with IA whose controlling oral corticosteroid dose was not able to be reduced below 60 mg of prednisone (or its equivalent) every other day or 20 mg of prednisone (or its equivalent) every day without an exacerbation of IA. Presented here is the long-term evaluation of one patient as well as three additional patients with malignant IA managed by our service. At the time of this report we have had no deaths due to IA in patients treated with pharmacologic regimen.
|
['Adrenal Cortex Hormones', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Anaphylaxis', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Ketotifen', 'Male', 'Prednisone', 'Substance-Related Disorders']
| 1,626,758
|
[['D06.472.040'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C20.543.480.099'], ['E02.319.310'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.886.778.370', 'D03.383.621.370', 'D03.383.903.370'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.719.702'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Androgen regulation of poly(A) polymerase in the ventral prostate of rat.
|
The effect of various hormones on the levels of poly(A) polymerase in the ventral prostate of castrated rats was investigated. It was observed that this enzyme is specifically induced by androgens; progesterone and estradiol-17 beta did not cause stimulation of poly(A) polymerase activity. Dihydrotestosterone-induced poly(A) polymerase was inhibited by cordycepin, actinomycin-D and cycloheximide, which indicates that the genetic transcription leading to the enzyme poly(A) polymerase is regulated by androgens in the ventral prostate.
|
['Androgens', 'Animals', 'Castration', 'Dihydrotestosterone', 'Enzyme Induction', 'Estradiol', 'Male', 'Nucleotidyltransferases', 'Polynucleotide Adenylyltransferase', 'Progesterone', 'Prostate', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Testosterone']
| 6,098,056
|
[['D27.505.696.399.472.161'], ['B01.050'], ['E04.270.282', 'E04.950.165'], ['D04.210.500.054.040.248', 'D06.472.334.851.968.964'], ['G05.308.320.200'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.445'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.650'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750'], ['A05.360.444.575', 'A10.336.707'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.429.824', 'D06.472.334.851.968.984']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Clinical characteristics of Japanese patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia.
|
BACKGROUND: Although of interest, few data exist on the clinical characteristics of Japanese patients with an extremely high triglyceride level (? 1000 mg/dL).OBJECTIVE: We assessed the clinical characteristics of Japanese patients with an extremely high triglyceride level.METHODS: We investigated the presence of coronary artery disease, history of pancreatitis, the presence of fatty liver, and the potential causes of elevated triglyceride in Japanese subjects with an extremely high level of fasting triglyceride (? 1000 mg/dL) among 70,368 subjects whose serum triglyceride was measured for any reason at Kanazawa University Hospital from April 2004 to March 2014.RESULTS: We identified 215 (0.31%) subjects (mean age, 46 years; male, 170, mean body mass index, 25 kg/m(2)) with severe hypertriglyceridemia. Among them, 4 (1.9%) subjects were classified as type I, 97 (45.1%) subjects were type IV, and 114 (53.0%) subjects were type V hyperlipidemia, according to Fredrickson's classification. Among 215 subjects, 116 subjects (54.0%) drank alcohol, 58 (27.0%) showed heavy intake (? 60 g/d), and 64 (29.8%) subjects had diabetes. In total, 59 (27.4%) subjects had transient severe hypertriglyceridemia caused by corticosteroids (N = 19), antidepressant (N = 18), l-asparaginase and steroids for acute lymphoid leukemia (N = 15), hormone replacement therapy for breast cancer (N = 9), â-blocker (N = 5), hypothyroidism (N = 4), pregnancy (N = 4), and panhypopituitarism (N = 2). As many as 119 (55.3%) subjects exhibited fatty liver. Moreover, 12 (5.6%) and 17 (7.9%) subjects had a history of pancreatitis and coronary artery disease, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: A variety of situations can cause severe hypertriglyceridemia. We suggest that potential secondary causes should be carefully assessed for such patients.
|
['Adult', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertriglyceridemia', 'Japan', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreatitis', 'Pregnancy', 'Triglycerides']
| 26,228,669
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.584.500.500.851'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C06.689.750'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D10.351.801']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Enzyme immunoassay for pancreatic lipase: comparison with turbidimetric method in pancreatic diseases.
|
We report the results of the analytical and clinical evaluation of a specific enzyme immunoassay for determination of human pancreatic lipase, in comparison with a turbidimetric method, in pancreatic pathology. Under standardized conditions of incubation time and temperature we found intraassay coefficient of variation (CV) of 1.3, 3.2, 2.1% at means = 18.7, 43.7, 224 micrograms/L and interassay CV of 2.8, 4.6, 3.0% at means = 19, 42.6, 230 micrograms/L, respectively. In general, a good correlation (r = 0.97) was found between lipase determined as a protein or through its catalytic activity. No significant correlation (r = 0.38) was observed with samples containing low concentration of lipase (up to 18 micrograms/L). We conclude that the turbidimetric method is reliable for routine determinations in the diagnosis of acute pancreatic pathology. However, the better sensitivity of the immunochemical assay should provide additional information for monitoring pancreatic insufficiency.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Child, Preschool', 'Chronic Disease', 'Clinical Enzyme Tests', 'Cystic Fibrosis', 'Humans', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Infant', 'Lipase', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nephelometry and Turbidimetry', 'Pancreas', 'Pancreatic Diseases', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Pancreatitis', 'Reference Values']
| 3,899,406
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E01.370.225.124.200', 'E05.196.427.200', 'E05.200.124.200'], ['C06.689.202', 'C08.381.187', 'C16.320.190', 'C16.614.213'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['M01.060.703'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.196.712.650'], ['A03.734'], ['C06.689'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['C06.689.750'], ['E05.978.810']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Oligomeric rings of the Sec61p complex induced by ligands required for protein translocation.
|
The heterotrimeric Sec61p complex is a major component of the protein-conducting channel of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, associating with either ribosomes or the Sec62/63 complex to perform co- and posttranslational transport, respectively. We show by electron microscopy that purified mammalian and yeast Sec61p complexes in detergent form cylindrical oligomers with a diameter of approximately 85 A and a central pore of approximately 20 A. Each oligomer contains 3-4 heterotrimers. Similar ring structures are seen in reconstituted proteoliposomes and native membranes. Oligomer formation by the reconstituted Sec61p complex is stimulated by its association with ribosomes or the Sec62/63p complex. We propose that these cylindrical oligomers represent protein-conducting channels of the ER, formed by ligands specific for co- and posttranslational transport.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Transport', 'Cell Compartmentation', 'Detergents', 'Dogs', 'Endoplasmic Reticulum', 'Freeze Fracturing', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Heat-Shock Proteins', 'Image Enhancement', 'Ion Channel Gating', 'Ion Channels', 'Macromolecular Substances', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Membrane Transport Proteins', 'Models, Biological', 'Molecular Weight', 'Motion', 'Negative Staining', 'Particle Size', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'Protein Conformation', 'Proteolipids', 'Ribosomes', 'SEC Translocation Channels', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Yeasts']
| 8,929,540
|
[['B01.050'], ['G03.143'], ['G04.128'], ['D27.720.877.265', 'J01.516.381'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.248'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.620.260', 'E01.370.225.750.600.620.260', 'E05.200.500.620.620.260', 'E05.200.750.600.620.260'], ['D12.776.354'], ['D12.776.580.216'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['G02.111.820.400', 'G04.835.400', 'G07.265.625'], ['D12.776.157.530.400', 'D12.776.543.550.450', 'D12.776.543.585.400'], ['D05'], ['D12.776.543'], ['D12.776.157.530', 'D12.776.543.585'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G02.494'], ['G01.482'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.520', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.520', 'E05.200.500.620.670.520', 'E05.200.750.600.670.520'], ['G02.712'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D10.570.780', 'D12.776.816'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811'], ['D05.500.890.625', 'D12.776.157.530.875', 'D12.776.543.585.875'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['B01.300.930']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Clinical efficacy of sertraline alone and augmented with gabapentin in recently abstinent cocaine-dependent patients with depressive symptoms.
|
BACKGROUND: Cocaine dependence is a major public health problem with no available robustly effective pharmacotherapy. This study's aim was to determine if treatment with sertraline (SERT) or SERT plus gabapentin (GBP) improved treatment retention, depressive symptoms, and/or cocaine use.METHODS: Depressed cocaine-dependent patients (N = 99) were enrolled in a 12-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo (PLA)-controlled, clinical trial and placed in research beds at a residential treatment facility (Recovery Centers of Arkansas). They were randomized by depressive symptom severity and inducted onto 1 of the following while residing at the Recovery Centers of Arkansas: SERT (200 mg/d), SERT (200 mg/d) plus GBP (1200 mg/d), or PLA. Participants transferred to outpatient treatment at the start of their third week, continued receiving study medications or PLA (weeks 3-12), and participated in weekly individual cognitive behavioral therapy. Compliance was facilitated through the use of contingency management procedures. Supervised urine samples were obtained thrice weekly and self-reported mood weekly. At the end of 12 weeks, participants were tapered off the study medication over 5 days and referred to a local treatment program.RESULTS: Sertraline, but not SERT plus GBP, showed a significantly lower overall percentage of cocaine-positive urine samples compared with that of PLA. A significantly greater percentage of participants experienced relapse in the PLA group (88.9%) compared with that of the SERT group (65.2%). Hamilton depression ratings decreased significantly over time regardless of the treatment group. Retention in treatment did not differ significantly between the treatment groups.CONCLUSIONS: Sertraline plus GBP may not be superior to SERT alone in delaying relapse among abstinent cocaine-dependent individuals undergoing cognitive behavioral therapy.
|
['Adult', 'Amines', 'Cocaine-Related Disorders', 'Cognitive Behavioral Therapy', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids', 'Depression', 'Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry)', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'GABA Agonists', 'Gabapentin', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Medication Adherence', 'Patient Compliance', 'Recurrence', 'Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors', 'Sertraline', 'Young Adult', 'gamma-Aminobutyric Acid']
| 24,525,654
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D02.092'], ['C25.775.300', 'F03.900.300'], ['F04.754.137.350'], ['E02.186'], ['D02.241.223.268', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.218'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['E01.190'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['E02.319.310'], ['D27.505.519.625.240.200', 'D27.505.696.577.240.200'], ['D02.092.521', 'D02.241.081.114.500.350.300', 'D02.241.223.268.469', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.218.500', 'D12.125.190.350.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.600.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500.600.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500.600.500'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.600', 'F01.145.488.887.500.600', 'N05.300.150.800.500.600'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['D27.505.519.562.437.850', 'D27.505.519.625.600.850', 'D27.505.519.625.850.900', 'D27.505.696.577.600.850', 'D27.505.696.577.850.900'], ['D02.092.705.800', 'D02.455.426.559.847.638.845.800', 'D04.615.638.845.800'], ['M01.060.116.815'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350', 'D12.125.190.350']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Electrochemical oxidation of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (6:2 FTS) on DSA electrode: operating parameters and mechanism.
|
The 6:2 FTS was the substitute for perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in the chrome plating industry in Japan. Electrochemical oxidation of 6:2 FTS was investigated in this study. The degradabilities of PFOS and 6:2 FTS were tested on the Ti/SnO₂-Sb₂O₅-Bi₂O₃ anode. The effects of current density, potential, and supporting electrolyte on the degradation of 6:2 FTS were evaluated. Experimental results showed that 6:2 FTS was more easily degraded than PFOS on the Ti/SnO₂-Sb₂O₅-Bi₂O₃ anode. At a low current density of 1.42 mA/cm², 6:2 FTS was not degraded on Ti/SnO₂-Sb₂O₅-Bi₂O₃, while the degradation ratio increased when the current density ranged from 4.25 to 6.80 mA/cm². The degradation of 6:2 FTS at current density of 6.80 mA/cm² followed pseudo first-order kinetics with the rate constant of 0.074 hr⁻?. The anodic potential played an important role in the degradation of 6:2 FTS, and the pseudo first-order rate constants increased with the potential. The surface of Ti/SnO₂-Sb₂O₅-Bi₂O₃ was contaminated after electrolysis at constant potential of 3V, while the fouling phenomenon was not observed at 5V. The fouled anode could be regenerated by incinerating at 600°C. The intermediates detected by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a triple-stage quadrupole mass spectrometer (UPLC-MS/MS) were shorter chain perfluorocarboxylic acids. The 6:2 FTS was first attacked by hydroxyl radical, and then formed perfluorinated carboxylates, which decarboxylated and removed CF2 units to yield shorter-chain perfluorocarboxylic acids.
|
['Alkanesulfonic Acids', 'Carbohydrates', 'Electrochemical Techniques', 'Fluorocarbons', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Phycobilins', 'Proteins', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 25,108,730
|
[['D02.455.326.146.100', 'D02.886.645.600.055'], ['D09'], ['E05.301'], ['D02.455.526.510.435'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.468', 'D03.633.400.909.468', 'D04.345.783.468'], ['D12.776'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dissecting the roles of tyrosines 490 and 785 of TrkA protein in the induction of downstream protein phosphorylation using chimeric receptors.
|
Receptor tyrosine kinases generally act by forming phosphotyrosine-docking sites on their own endodomains that propagate signals through cascades of post-translational modifications driven by the binding of adaptor/effector proteins. The pathways that are stimulated in any given receptor tyrosine kinase are a function of the initial docking sites that are activated and the availability of downstream participants. In the case of the Trk receptors, which are activated by nerve growth factor, there are only two established phosphotyrosine-docking sites (Tyr-490 and Tyr-785 on TrkA) that are known to be directly involved in signal transduction. Taking advantage of this limited repertoire of docking sites and the availability of PC12 cell lines stably transfected with chimeric receptors composed of the extracellular domain of the PDGF receptor and the transmembrane and intracellular domains of TrkA, the downstream TrkA-induced phosphoproteome was assessed for the "native" receptor and mutants lacking Tyr-490 or both Tyr-490 and Tyr-785. Basal phosphorylation levels were compared with those formed after 20 min of stimulation with PDGF. Several thousand phosphopeptides were identified after TiO2 enrichment, and many were up- or down-regulated by receptor activation. The modified proteins in the native sample contained many of the well established participants in TrkA signaling. The results from the mutant receptors allowed grouping of these downstream targets by their dependence on the two characterized docking site(s). A clear subset that was not dependent on either Tyr-490 or Tyr-785 emerged, providing direct evidence that there are other sites on TrkA that are involved in downstream signaling.
|
['Animals', 'Humans', 'PC12 Cells', 'Phosphorylation', 'Platelet-Derived Growth Factor', 'Rats', 'Receptor, trkA', 'Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Signal Transduction', 'Tyrosine']
| 23,589,303
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.251.210.190.750', 'A11.251.860.180.750', 'A11.299.500'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D12.644.276.910', 'D12.776.124.625', 'D12.776.467.910', 'D23.529.910'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.660', 'D12.776.543.750.630.496', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.550.550'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.900', 'D12.776.543.750.630.625', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.630'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.125.072.050.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of occlusive and semiocclusive dressings on the return of barrier function to transepidermal water loss in standardized human wounds.
|
Clinical observation and histologic examination of excised wounds have confirmed that occlusive dressings promote rapid wound reepithelialization. However, normalization of barrier function has not been routinely assessed in studies of occlusive dressing effects on wound healing. We examined the effects of occlusive dressings on the reestablishment of the cutaneous barrier to transepidermal water loss (TEWL) after standardized skin wounds were produced in human subjects. We confirmed previous observations that occlusive dressings augment reepithelialization. No significant improvement in the rate of reestablishment of the barrier to TEWL was measured between the covered test or uncovered control sites in each subject, however. TEWL declined in an exponential fashion after wounding. Measurements of TEWL were over twice that of adjacent normal skin when epithelialization was judged to be overtly complete and did not return to normal until 4 weeks after wounds were produced.
|
['Adult', 'Body Water', 'Humans', 'Occlusive Dressings', 'Skin Absorption', 'Wound Healing']
| 2,715,429
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A12.207.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.101.650'], ['G03.015.500.750', 'G03.787.024.500.750', 'G07.690.725.015.500.750', 'G13.750.778'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Dysequilibrium/ataxic diplegia with immunodeficiency.
|
A girl with purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) deficiency is described. The nature of the motor disorder is similar to other children since found to have PNP deficiency. It is suggested that the diagnosis be considered in any child with unexplained dysequilibrium/ataxic diplegia. Other previously unreported features are intracytoplasmic neutrophil inclusion bodies and an improvement in the neutropenia after intravenous immunoglobulin.
|
['Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin', 'Lymphopenia', 'Neutropenia', 'Psychomotor Disorders', 'Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylase']
| 1,929,496
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C04.557.386.480', 'C15.604.515.569.480', 'C20.683.515.761.480'], ['C15.378.553.546.605', 'C20.673.627'], ['C15.378.553.546.184.564'], ['C10.597.606.881', 'C23.888.592.604.882', 'F01.700.875'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Regulation of CD11b/CD18 expression in human neutrophils by phospholipase A2.
|
Recent evidence suggests that phospholipase A2 (PLA2)-derived lipid mediators may regulate a number of neutrophil responses including degranulation and adhesion. In view of the potential role of PLA2 in stimulus-secretion coupling, we examined the relationship between PLA2 activation and the surface expression of CD11b/CD18 (MAC-1) in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (hPMNL), including the functional consequences of PLA2 inactivation on MAC-1-dependent adhesion. The selective inhibition of PLA2 by the marine natural products manoalide (MLD) and scalaradial (SLD) blocks [3H]arachidonic acid (AA) release in calcium ionophore A23187-stimulated neutrophils, and also inhibits secretion of specific and azurophilic granule constituents. Additional studies demonstrate that MLD, SLD, and other less potent PLA2 inhibitors such as 4-bromophenacylbromide and nordihydroguiaretic acid inhibit the surface expression of MAC-1 (IC50: MLD, 0.33 microM; SLD, 0.23 microM; 4-bromophenacylbromide, 2.8 microM; NDGA, 3.5 microM) at concentrations similar to those at which they inhibit [3H]AA release. Inhibitors of cyclooxygenase, 5-lipoxygenase, protein kinase C, or calcium channel antagonists have no effect on MAC-1 expression. PLA2 inactivation also prevents MAC-1 up-regulation in hPMNL stimulated with FMLP, IL-8, TNF-alpha, PMA, or platelet activating factor. In FMLP-stimulated hPMNL, under conditions in which no secondary granule constituents are secreted, MAC-1 and alkaline phosphatase up-regulation from intracellular granules is inhibited by MLD and SLD. Functional assays also demonstrate that MLD and SLD block MAC-1-dependent adhesion of activated neutrophils to keyhole limpet hemocyanin at concentrations that block the surface expression of MAC-1. [3H]AA release and MAC-1 expression in MLD and SLD-treated hPMNL could be recovered in the presence of 1 mM hydroxylamine in a time-dependent fashion, consistent with reported data that MLD and SLD inactivate PLA2 through Schiff base formation. In summary, these data emphasize the role of PLA2 as a key regulator of MAC-1 expression in models of neutrophil adhesion.
|
['Arachidonic Acid', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Degranulation', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Homosteroids', 'Humans', 'Macrophage-1 Antigen', 'Neutrophils', 'Phospholipases A', 'Phospholipases A2', 'Sesterterpenes', 'Terpenes']
| 8,228,253
|
[['D10.251.355.255.100.100', 'D10.251.355.310.166.100'], ['G04.022'], ['G04.468.160'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D04.210.500.496'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.408.495.500', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.600.500', 'D12.776.543.750.705.833.500'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.680.750'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.680.750.937'], ['D02.455.849.842'], ['D02.455.849']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Toxicity study of oxalicumone A, derived from a marine-derived fungus Penicillium oxalicum, in cultured renal epithelial cells.
|
Oxalicumone A (POA), a novel dihydrothiophene-condensed chromone, was isolated from the marine‑derived fungus Penicillium oxalicum. Previous reports demonstrated that POA exhibits strong activity against human carcinoma cells, thus it has been suggested as a bioactive anticancer agent. To research the toxic effect of POA on cultured normal epithelial human kidney‑2 (HK‑2) cells and evaluate its clinical safety, cell survival was evaluated by the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and apoptosis was evaluated by Hoechst 33258 staining, flow cytometry, caspase‑3 activity assay and western blotting. 2',7'-Dichlorofluorescin diacetate and JC‑1 dye staining was used to evaluate reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), respectively. The results indicated that POA inhibited HK-2 cell growth and promoted apoptosis, by increasing levels of Fas cell surface cell receptor and the B‑cell lymphoma 2 associated protein X apoptosis regulator (Bax)/B‑cell lymphoma 2 apoptosis regulator (Bcl-2) ratio. POA treatment also induced release of ROS and loss of MMP in HK‑2 cells. Compared with untreated control, a significant decrease was also demonstrated in superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione content with POA treatment, accompanied by enhanced release of N‑acetyl‑â‑D‑glucosaminidase, increased leakage of lactate dehydrogenase, increased malondialdehyde formation and increased release of nitric oxide. In conclusion, the present in vitro study revealed that POA exhibits antiproliferation activity on HK‑2 cells, through stimulation of apoptosis and oxidative stress injury, which may be relevant to its clinical application. The present study may, therefore, offer valuable new information regarding the use of POA as a candidate novel antitumor drug for clinical use.
|
['Acetylglucosaminidase', 'Apoptosis', 'Caspase 3', 'Cell Line', 'Chromones', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Humans', 'Kidney', 'L-Lactate Dehydrogenase', 'Malondialdehyde', 'Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Penicillium', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Superoxide Dismutase', 'bcl-2-Associated X Protein', 'fas Receptor']
| 28,260,084
|
[['D08.811.277.450.483.180.500'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126.350.300', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126.350.300', 'D12.644.360.075.405.350.300', 'D12.776.476.075.405.350.300'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D03.383.663.283.266', 'D03.633.100.150.266'], ['A11.436'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453'], ['D08.811.682.047.551.400', 'D08.811.682.047.820.493'], ['D02.047.700'], ['G03.295.770.500', 'G04.580.550', 'G07.265.675.550'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['B01.300.381.662'], ['D12.644.360.075.718', 'D12.776.476.075.718', 'D12.776.624.664.700.169'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['D08.811.682.881'], ['D12.644.360.075.718.400', 'D12.776.476.075.718.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.690.500', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.195']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
FAK regulates cardiomyocyte survival following ischemia/reperfusion.
|
Myocyte apoptosis is central to myocardial dysfunction following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and during the transition from hypertrophy to heart failure. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a non-receptor tyrosine kinase regulates adhesion-dependent survival signals and unopposed FAK activation has been linked to tumor development. We previously showed that conditional myocyte-specific deletion of FAK (MFKO) in the adult heart did not affect basal cardiomyocyte survival or cardiac function but led to dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure following pressure overload. In the present study, we sought to determine if FAK functions to limit stress-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. We reasoned that (I/R), which stimulates robust apoptotic cell death, might uncover an important cardioprotective function for FAK. We found that depletion of FAK markedly exacerbates hypoxia/re-oxygenation-induced cardiomyocyte cell death in vitro. Moreover, deletion of FAK in the adult myocardium resulted in significant increases in I/R-induced infarct size and cardiomyocyte apoptosis with a concomitant reduction in left ventricular function. Finally, our results suggest that NF-kappaB signaling may play a key role in modulating FAK-dependent cardioprotection, since FAK inactivation blunted activation of the NF-kappaB survival signaling pathway and reduced levels of the NF-kappaB target genes, Bcl2 and Bcl-xl. Since the toggling between pro-survival and pro-apoptotic signals remains central to preventing irreversible damage to the heart, we conclude that targeted FAK activation may be beneficial for protecting stress-dependent cardiac remodeling.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Blotting, Western', 'Focal Adhesion Kinase 1', 'Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'Mice', 'Mice, Mutant Strains', 'Myocardial Reperfusion Injury', 'Myocytes, Cardiac', 'NF-kappa B', 'Reperfusion Injury', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Signal Transduction']
| 19,028,502
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.049.500', 'D12.776.744.493'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.049', 'D12.644.360.287', 'D12.776.476.287'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550'], ['C14.280.238.615', 'C14.280.647.625', 'C14.907.585.625', 'C14.907.725.600', 'C23.550.767.877.500'], ['A07.541.704.570', 'A10.690.552.750.570', 'A11.620.500'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['C14.907.725', 'C23.550.767.877'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Infective endocarditis in a tertiary-care hospital in southern Israel.
|
During the years 1980-1994, 84 patients were treated in our institution due to suspected infective endocarditis (IE). Seventy-one of these episodes occurring in 71 patients, classified definite or possible according to the Duke criteria, were retrospectively analyzed in this study. There were 52 cases of native valve endocarditis, 7 cases of early prosthetic valve endocarditis, and 12 cases of late prosthetic valve endocarditis. The incidence of IE did not change significantly during the study period. The overall mortality rate was 15%. Only one case of drug addiction appeared in our series despite its growing frequency in Israel. Rheumatic heart disease remained the main underlying cardiac condition and Streptococcus viridans remained the most common pathogen. Streptococcus bovis was found to be a significant pathogen causing IE in our patient population, while Staphylococcus aureus appeared to be less frequent. The Duke criteria significantly classified a greater proportion of cases as definitive, as opposed to the von Reyn criteria. Fewer cases were rejected by the Duke criteria, especially culture-negative cases, and those without histopathological confirmation. Application of the Duke criteria permits a more consistent approach to the diagnosis of IE, even in a non-drug-addict patient population.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Endocarditis, Bacterial', 'Female', 'Heart Valve Prosthesis', 'Hospitals, Community', 'Humans', 'Israel', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Rheumatic Heart Disease', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Staphylococcus aureus', 'Streptococcal Infections', 'Streptococcus']
| 10,641,529
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.171'], ['C01.150.252.245', 'C01.190.249', 'C14.260.249', 'C14.280.282.407'], ['E07.695.310'], ['N02.278.421.306'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.500.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C01.150.252.410.890.731.649', 'C14.280.874'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100'], ['C01.150.252.410.890'], ['B03.353.750.737.872', 'B03.510.400.800.872', 'B03.510.550.737.872']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
MicroRNA-133 controls cardiac hypertrophy.
|
Growing evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are involved in basic cell functions and oncogenesis. Here we report that miR-133 has a critical role in determining cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. We observed decreased expression of both miR-133 and miR-1, which belong to the same transcriptional unit, in mouse and human models of cardiac hypertrophy. In vitro overexpression of miR-133 or miR-1 inhibited cardiac hypertrophy. In contrast, suppression of miR-133 by 'decoy' sequences induced hypertrophy, which was more pronounced than that after stimulation with conventional inducers of hypertrophy. In vivo inhibition of miR-133 by a single infusion of an antagomir caused marked and sustained cardiac hypertrophy. We identified specific targets of miR-133: RhoA, a GDP-GTP exchange protein regulating cardiac hypertrophy; Cdc42, a signal transduction kinase implicated in hypertrophy; and Nelf-A/WHSC2, a nuclear factor involved in cardiogenesis. Our data show that miR-133, and possibly miR-1, are key regulators of cardiac hypertrophy, suggesting their therapeutic application in heart disease.
|
['Animals', 'Aorta, Thoracic', 'Cardiomegaly', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'MicroRNAs', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'Oncogene Protein v-akt', 'Rats']
| 17,468,766
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056.372'], ['C14.280.195', 'C23.300.775.250'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.586', 'D12.776.624.664.520.750.788'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Self-Reported Sleep Disturbance from Road, Rail and Aircraft Noise: Exposure-Response Relationships and Effect Modifiers in the SiRENE Study.
|
This survey investigates the cross-sectional association between nighttime road, rail and aircraft noise exposure and the probability to be highly sleep disturbed (%HSD), as measured by self-report in postal and online questionnaires. As part of the Swiss SiRENE study, a total of 5592 survey participants in the entire country were selected based on a stratified random sample of their dwelling. Self-reported sleep disturbance was measured using an ICBEN-style 5-point verbal scale. The survey was carried out in four waves at different times of the year. Source-specific noise exposure was calculated for several fa?ade points for each dwelling. After adjustment for potential confounders, all three noise sources showed a statistically significant association between the nighttime noise level LNight at the most exposed fa?ade point and the probability to report high sleep disturbance, as determined by logistic regression. The association was strongest for aircraft noise and weakest for road traffic noise. We a priori studied the role of a range of effect modifiers, including the "eventfulness" of noise exposure, expressed as the Intermittency Ratio (IR) metric, bedroom window position, bedroom orientation towards the closest street, access to a quiet side of the dwelling, degree of urbanization, sleep timing factors (bedtime and sleep duration), sleep medication intake, survey season and night air temperature. While bedroom orientation exhibited a strong moderating effect, with an Leq-equivalent of nearly 20 dB if the bedroom faces away from the nearest street, the LNight-%HSD associations were not affected by bedroom window position, sleep timing factors, survey season, or temperature.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aircraft', 'Animals', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Noise, Transportation', 'Railroads', 'Self Report', 'Sleep Wake Disorders', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Switzerland', 'Young Adult']
| 31,671,890
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['J01.937.285.100'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N06.230.400.550', 'N06.850.460.610.680'], ['J01.937.690'], ['E05.318.308.980.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.500'], ['C10.886', 'C23.888.592.796', 'F03.870'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.542.883'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Visual search in breast imaging.
|
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among females worldwide and large volumes of breast images are produced and interpreted annually. As long as radiologists interpret these images, the diagnostic accuracy will be limited by human factors and both false-positive and false-negative errors might occur. By understanding visual search in breast images, we may be able to identify causes of diagnostic errors, find ways to reduce them, and also provide a better education to radiology residents. Many visual search studies in breast radiology have been devoted to mammography. These studies showed that 70% of missed lesions on mammograms attract radiologists' visual attention and that a plethora of different reasons, such as satisfaction of search, incorrect background sampling, and incorrect first impression can cause diagnostic errors in the interpretation of mammograms. Recently, highly accurate tools, which rely on both eye-tracking data and the content of the mammogram, have been proposed to provide feedback to the radiologists. Improving these tools and determining the optimal pathway to integrate them in the radiology workflow could be a possible line of future research. Moreover, in the past few years deep learning has led to improving diagnostic accuracy of computerized diagnostic tools and visual search studies will be required to understand how radiologists interact with the prompts from these tools, and to identify the best way to utilize them. Visual search in other breast imaging modalities, such as breast ultrasound and digital breast tomosynthesis, have so far received less attention, probably due to associated complexities of eye-tracking monitoring and analysing the data. For example, in digital breast tomosynthesis, scrolling through the image results in longer trials, adds a new factor to the study's complexity and makes calculation of gaze parameters more difficult. However, considering the wide utilization of three-dimensional imaging modalities, more visual search studies involving reading stack-view examinations are required in the future. To conclude, in the past few decades visual search studies provided extensive understanding about underlying reasons for diagnostic errors in breast radiology and characterized differences between experts' and novices' visual search patterns. Further visual search studies are required to investigate radiologists' interaction with relatively newer imaging modalities and artificial intelligence tools.
|
['Attention', 'Breast', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Deep Learning', 'Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted', 'Diagnostic Errors', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Mammography', 'Pattern Recognition, Visual', 'Radiologists', 'Research', 'Ultrasonography, Mammary']
| 31,287,719
|
[['F02.830.104.214'], ['A01.236'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['G17.035.250.500.250', 'G17.485.500', 'L01.224.050.375.530.250', 'L01.224.050.375.605.500'], ['E01.158', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158'], ['E01.354', 'N02.421.450.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E01.370.350.700.500'], ['F02.463.593.524.500', 'F02.463.593.932.622'], ['M01.526.485.810.877', 'N02.360.810.877'], ['H01.770.644'], ['E01.370.350.850.860', 'E01.370.378.850']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Imperfect surface order and functionalization in vertical carbon nanotube arrays probed by near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (NEXAFS).
|
Probing surface order as well as the degree of structural modification in carbon nanotube systems is of fundamental importance for incorporation of these materials into practical functional devices. The current study pertains to the analysis of the surface order of vertically-aligned single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotube arrays of varying length and composition by means of near-edge X-ray fine structure spectroscopy (NEXAFS). Both NEXAFS and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies concluded that the nanotubes in these samples were oriented vertically to the plane of the surface. However, NEXAFS polarization analysis provided a more quantitative and nuanced description of the surface structure, indicative of far less localized surface order, an observation partially attributed to misalignment and bending of the tubes. Moreover, it was demonstrated by NEXAFS that the surface order of the arrays was imperfect and relatively independent of the height of the nanotube arrays. In addition, we have shown that NEXAFS can be used to correlate the extent of chemical functionalization and oxygenation with disruption of the electronic and physical structure of nanotubes embedded in array motifs.
|
['Carbon', 'Chemistry, Physical', 'Electrochemistry', 'Electrons', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Nanotubes', 'Nanotubes, Carbon', 'Photons', 'Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission', 'Surface Properties']
| 17,091,154
|
[['D01.268.150'], ['H01.181.529'], ['H01.181.529.307'], ['G01.249.335', 'G01.358.500.750'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['J01.637.512.850'], ['D01.268.150.250.500', 'J01.637.512.850.500'], ['G01.249.705', 'G01.358.500.505.650.782', 'G01.590.540.782', 'G01.750.250.650.782', 'G01.750.770.578.782'], ['E05.196.867.800', 'E05.799.830'], ['G02.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Characterization of choline uptake in prostate cancer cells following bicalutamide and docetaxel treatment.
|
PURPOSE: Choline derivatives labelled with positron emitters are successfully used for PET imaging of prostate cancer patients. Since little is known about uptake mechanisms, the aim of this study was to characterize choline uptake in prostate cancer cells, also following anti-androgen treatment or chemotherapy.METHODS: Choline uptake in prostate cancer cells (LNCaP, PC-3) and Michaelis-Menten kinetics were analysed using different concentrations of (3)H-choline via liquid scintillation counting. Inhibition of (3)H-choline uptake was assayed in the presence of hemicholinium-3 (HC-3), unlabelled choline, guanidine and tetraethylammonium (TEA), an inhibitor of the organic cation transporter (OCT). Changes in choline uptake triggered by bicalutamide and docetaxel were evaluated and choline transporters were detected via Western blotting.RESULTS: Michaelis-Menten kinetics yielded a saturable transport with K(m) values of 6.9 and 7.0 micromol/l choline for LNCaP and PC-3 cells, respectively. Treatment of cells with bicalutamide and docetaxel caused an increase in total choline uptake but had no significant effect on K(m) values. Uptake of (3)H-choline was NaCl dependent and 4.5-fold higher in LNCaP cells than in PC-3 cells. (3)H-Choline uptake was reduced by 92-96% using HC-3 and unlabelled choline, by 63-69% using guanidine and by 20% using TEA. The high-affinity choline transporter was detected via Western blotting.CONCLUSION: Choline uptake in prostate cancer cells is accomplished both by a transporter-mediated and a diffusion-like component. Results of inhibition experiments suggest that uptake is mediated by a selective choline transporter rather than by the OCT. Bicalutamide- and docetaxel-induced changes in total choline uptake could affect PET tumour imaging.
|
['Androgen Antagonists', 'Anilides', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Biological Transport', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Choline', 'Diffusion', 'Docetaxel', 'Hemicholinium 3', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Nitriles', 'Organic Cation Transport Proteins', 'Positron-Emission Tomography', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Radiopharmaceuticals', 'Taxoids', 'Tosyl Compounds', 'Tritium']
| 19,352,653
|
[['D06.347.065', 'D27.505.696.399.450.065'], ['D02.065.199', 'D02.092.146.113'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['G03.143'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D02.033.100.291.211', 'D02.092.063.291.211', 'D02.092.877.883.333', 'D02.675.276.232'], ['G01.202', 'G02.196'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888.389', 'D02.455.849.291.850.389'], ['D02.092.877.435', 'D02.675.276.435'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.626'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.250.812', 'D12.776.157.530.937.612', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.812', 'D12.776.543.585.937.701'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['D27.505.259.843', 'D27.505.519.871', 'D27.720.470.410.650'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888', 'D02.455.849.291.850'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.832.661', 'D02.886.590.887'], ['D01.268.406.875', 'D01.362.340.875', 'D01.496.749.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mobilization of sarcoplasmic reticulum stores by hypoxia leads to consequent activation of capacitative Ca2+ entry in isolated canine pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells.
|
Capacitative Ca2+ entry (CCE) has been speculated to contribute to Ca2+ influx during hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV). The aim of the present study was to directly test if acute hypoxia causes intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) rises through CCE in canine pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). In PASMCs loaded with fura-2, hypoxia produced a transient rise in [Ca2+]i in Ca2+-free solution, indicating Ca2+ release from the intracellular Ca2+ stores. Subsequent addition of 2 mm Ca2+ in hypoxia elicited a sustained rise in [Ca2+]i, which was partially inhibited by 10 microm nisoldipine. The dihydropyridine-insensitive rise in [Ca2+]i was due to increased Ca2+ influx, because it was abolished in Ca2+-free solution and hypoxia was shown to significantly enhance the rate of Mn2+ quench of fura-2 fluorescence. The dihyropyridine-insensitive rise in [Ca2+]i and the increased rate of Mn2+ quench of fura-2 fluorescence were inhibited by 50 microm SKF 96365 and 500 microm Ni2+, but not by 100 microm La3+ or 100 microm Gd3+, exhibiting pharmacological properties characteristic of CCE. In addition, predepletion of the intracellular Ca2+ stores inhibited the rise in [Ca2+]i induced by hypoxia. These results provide the first direct evidence that acute hypoxia, by causing Ca2+ release from the intracellular stores, activates CCE in isolated canine PASMCs, which may contribute to HPV.
|
['Animals', 'Calcium', 'Calcium Channel Blockers', 'Cell Hypoxia', 'Dogs', 'Female', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Ionomycin', 'Male', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular', 'Nisoldipine', 'Pulmonary Artery', 'Sarcoplasmic Reticulum', 'Vasoconstriction']
| 15,613,369
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D27.505.519.562.249', 'D27.505.696.260.500', 'D27.505.954.411.192'], ['G03.197.300', 'G04.270.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['E05.481'], ['D10.251.355.391'], ['A02.633.570.491', 'A07.015.733.500', 'A10.690.467.491'], ['D03.383.725.203.580'], ['A07.015.114.715'], ['A10.690.552.500.500.850', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.248.310.800'], ['G09.330.380.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
EMG computerized analysis of localized fatigue in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
|
EMG power spectra obtained during a sustained isometric contraction were analyzed in a group of 10 children affected by Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and compared with those obtained in a control group of 5 normal children. In myopathic subjects the isometric contraction caused an increase of the total power, a progressive increase of power of the lower frequencies, a decrease of that of the higher frequencies, and a shift downward of the median frequency. In normal children an increase of the total power without a significant median frequency shift was noted. The modifications observed in DMD children were explained by a decrement of the firing rate of the more damaged fast twitch motor units. This decrease was probably induced by a relative predominance of activity of the slow twitch motor units, which are less damaged by the pathological process.
|
['Child', 'Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted', 'Electromyography', 'Humans', 'Isometric Contraction', 'Male', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscles', 'Muscular Dystrophies']
| 3,043,217
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['E01.158', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G11.427.494.472'], ['G11.427.494'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['C05.651.534.500', 'C10.668.491.175.500', 'C16.320.577']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Tanis: a link between type 2 diabetes and inflammation?
|
Here we describe a novel protein, which we have named Tanis, that is implicated in type 2 diabetes and inflammation. In Psammomys obesus, a unique polygenic animal model of type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome, Tanis is expressed in the liver in inverse proportion to circulating glucose (P = 0.010) and insulin levels (P = 0.004) and in direct proportion with plasma triglyceride concentrations (P = 0.007). Hepatic Tanis gene expression was markedly increased (3.1-fold) after a 24-h fast in diabetic but not in nondiabetic P. obesus. In addition, glucose inhibited Tanis gene expression in cultured hepatocytes (P = 0.006) as well as in several other cell types (P = 0.001-0.011). Thus, Tanis seems to be regulated by glucose and is dysregulated in the diabetic state. Yeast-2 hybrid screening identified serum amyloid A (SAA), an acute-phase inflammatory response protein, as an interacting protein of Tanis, and this was confirmed by Biacore experiments. SAA and other acute-phase proteins have been the focus of recent attention as risk factors for cardiovascular disease, and we contend that Tanis and its interaction with SAA may provide a mechanistic link among type 2 diabetes, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Apolipoproteins', 'Base Sequence', 'Blood Glucose', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Exons', 'Gene Expression', 'Gerbillinae', 'Glucose', 'Glycosylation', 'Humans', 'Inflammation', 'Liver', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phosphorylation', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Protein Structure, Secondary', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Risk Factors', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Serum Amyloid A Protein']
| 12,031,974
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D10.532.091', 'D12.776.070.400', 'D12.776.521.120'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['E05.393.183'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.370.385', 'G05.360.162.520.300.370.385'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['G05.297'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.300'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['G02.111.158.812', 'G02.607.299', 'G03.191.812'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.470'], ['A03.620'], ['D12.776.543'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.393.751'], ['D12.776.049.407.750', 'D12.776.124.050.725']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Eligibility requirements in hypnotic trials.
|
Forty-eight patients complaining of insomnia were studied at two sleep laboratories using an identical protocol to evaluate hypnotic efficacy. All met the screening requirement of a mean sleep latency of 30 min or greater on 3 laboratory nights following an adaptation night. Of these patients 34 still complaining of insomnia were screened a second time 2 to 6 months later. Sixteen of the 34 failed the second screen. Sleep parameters for the 34 on screen 1 compared with screen 2 were the same except for sleep latency (the eligibility criteria), which was significantly shorter. There was no evidence of a systematic difference between laboratories, a change in procedure from screen 1 to 2, or a systematic loss of patients from screen 1 to 2. The data show that the statistical phenomenon of regression toward the mean must be considered in designing hypnotic efficacy studies.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Hypnosis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Reaction Time', 'Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders', 'Sleep Stages', 'Sleep, REM']
| 3,992,107
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.190.525.217', 'F04.754.424'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['C10.886.425.800.800', 'F03.870.400.800.800'], ['F02.830.855.796', 'G11.561.803.754'], ['F02.830.855.796.671', 'G11.561.803.754.671']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Prospective evaluation of the systemic inflammatory marker C-reactive protein in patients with end-stage periodontitis getting teeth replaced with dental implants: a pilot investigation.
|
OBJECTIVES: Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) has been shown to be a risk predictor for cardiovascular disease. Periodontal treatment reduces elevated CRP levels. The aim of this pilot investigation was to evaluate if dental implants placed after extractions in patients with end-stage periodontitis affect the serum CRP levels.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Serum CRP levels in 10 subjects with end-stage periodontitis were measured prior to tooth extraction and placement of dental implants, and at 3-month intervals for a year post-operatively. Univariate repeated measures analysis of variance was used to estimate and test the changes in CRP levels over time.RESULTS: Mean CRP levels decreased significantly following tooth extraction and replacement with dental implants from 3.45 to 1.55 mg/dl after 12 months (P < 0.01). Six-, 9-, and 12-month post-implant placement mean CRP values were statistically significantly different from the mean pre-operative CRP value (P < 0.01).CONCLUSIONS: The pilot data suggest that extraction of advanced periodontally involved teeth and their replacement with dental implants lead to a decrease in CRP levels, and dental implant placement does not change the lowered CRP levels over a 12-month period.
|
['Aged', 'Analysis of Variance', 'C-Reactive Protein', 'Dental Implantation, Endosseous', 'Dental Implants', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Periodontitis', 'Pilot Projects', 'Prospective Studies', 'Time Factors', 'Tooth Extraction']
| 15,642,040
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D12.776.034.145', 'D12.776.124.050.120', 'D12.776.124.486.157'], ['E04.545.550.280.280', 'E04.650.230.500', 'E06.645.550.280.280', 'E06.780.314.310'], ['D25.339.312', 'E06.780.346.593', 'E07.695.185', 'J01.637.051.339.312'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C07.465.714.533'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E04.545.700', 'E06.645.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Predictors of full enteral feeding achievement in very low birth weight infants.
|
BACKGROUND: To elucidate the role of prenatal, neonatal and early postnatal variables in influencing the achievement of full enteral feeding (FEF) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants and to determine whether neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) differ in this outcome.METHODS: Population-based retrospective cohort study using data on 1,864 VLBW infants drawn from the "Emilia-Romagna Perinatal Network" Registry from 2004 to 2009. The outcome of interest was time to FEF achievement. Eleven prenatal, neonatal and early postnatal variables and the study NICUs were selected as potential predictors of time to FEF. Parametric survival analysis was used to model time to FEF as a function of the predictors. Marginal effects were used to obtain adjusted estimates of median time to FEF for specific subgroups of infants.RESULTS: Lower gestational age, exclusive formula feeding, higher CRIB II score, maternal hypertension, cesarean delivery, SGA and PDA predicted delayed FEF. NICUs proved to be heterogeneous in terms of FEF achievement. Newborns with PDA had a 4.2 days longer predicted median time to FEF compared to those without PDA; newborns exclusively formula-fed had a 1.4 days longer time to FEF compared to those fed human milk.CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study suggest that time to FEF is influenced by clinical variables and NICU-specific practices. Knowledge of the variables associated with delayed/earlier FEF achievement could help in improving specific aspects of routine clinical management of VLBW infants and to reduce practice variability.
|
['Cohort Studies', 'Enteral Nutrition', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Very Low Birth Weight', 'Intensive Care Units, Neonatal', 'Male', 'Time Factors']
| 24,647,523
|
[['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E02.421.360', 'E02.642.500.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.703.520.460.600'], ['N02.278.388.493.390.380'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Endovesical ultrasonography of urachal carcinoma.
|
We describe a case of adenocarcinoma of the urachus in which endovesical ultrasonography was used preoperatively to assess accurately the nature and extent of the neoplasm. Endovesical ultrasonography is a simple and safe technique that may be of value in the routine evaluation of invasive bladder neoplasms.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Ultrasonography', 'Urachus', 'Urinary Bladder Neoplasms']
| 2,660,384
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.370.350.850'], ['A16.890'], ['C04.588.945.947.960', 'C12.758.820.968', 'C12.777.829.813', 'C13.351.937.820.945', 'C13.351.968.829.707']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Chrysotile asbestos and health in Zimbabwe: II. Health status survey of active miners and millers.
|
As part of the effort to establish industrial practice and public policy regarding asbestos in Zimbabwe, we have conducted a cross-sectional study of the chrysotile mines and mills. A stratified random sample of workers with greater than 10 years of exposure has been evaluated by spirometry, chest radiographs, and employment history. The latter was converted to quantitative estimates of exposure dose, using a matrix based on measured and reconstructed fiber levels for each job and facility during the years of work. Based on these data, a clear dose-response between asbestos exposure and functional loss has been demonstrated, with mean losses from predicted of about 400-600 cc in vital capacity in the 10% of the population with heaviest exposures. Low-grade parenchymal radiographic abnormalities (ILO grade greater than or equal to 1/0) were evident in 8.7% of the total study group and were almost 10 times more common in those with more than 100 fibers/cc.years cumulative exposure than in those with 16 fibers/cc.years or less. Pleural disease was relatively rare, occurring in just under 10% of the study group, and was unrelated to exposure dose. Overall, these findings are compatible with results of similar studies in Quebec and Swaziland and suggest that similar control strategies are probably indicated.
|
['Asbestos', 'Asbestos, Serpentine', 'Asbestosis', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Health Status', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Maximum Allowable Concentration', 'Mining', 'Occupational Exposure', 'Respiratory Function Tests', 'Risk Factors', 'Time Factors', 'Zimbabwe']
| 1,847,002
|
[['D01.578.725.050', 'D01.837.725.700.760.070'], ['D01.524.500.050', 'D01.578.725.050.075', 'D01.578.725.500.050', 'D01.837.725.700.760.070.110', 'D01.837.725.700.760.535.400'], ['C08.381.483.581.125', 'C08.381.520.702.125', 'C24.800.127'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.850.460.350.210', 'N06.850.460.350.600.615'], ['J01.576.655.875.500'], ['N06.850.460.350.600'], ['E01.370.386.700'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['G01.910.857'], ['Z01.058.290.175.960']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
High serum allopregnanolone levels in girls with precocious puberty.
|
Allopregnanolone, a circulating neuroactive steroid hormone, is involved in the modulation of behavioral functions, stress, and the neuroendocrine axis. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum allopregnanolone concentrations in girls with central precocious puberty (n = 12), girls with normal pubertal development at the same pubertal stage (n = 17), and prepubertal girls (age-matched; n = 16). Gonadotropin and steroid hormones (allopregnanolone, cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and E2) were assessed in all patients. GnRH and ACTH stimulation tests were performed in all girls with central precocious puberty and in some pubertal controls. Basal allopregnanolone levels in girls with central precocious puberty were significantly higher than in normal controls (P < 0.01). Allopregnanolone levels increased significantly after GnRH and ACTH stimulation tests (P < 0.05) both in girls with central precocious puberty and in those with normal pubertal development. There was no difference found between the peak values. In conclusion, our study shows that allopregnanolone is hypersecreted in central precocious puberty, confirming a pubertal stage-related increase in its levels during normal pubertal development. The increase in serum allopregnanolone after GnRH and ACTH stimulation tests demonstrates that both adrenal cortex and gonads are sources of this neuroactive steroid.
|
['Adrenocorticotropic Hormone', 'Child', 'Female', 'Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone', 'Humans', 'Osmolar Concentration', 'Pregnanolone', 'Puberty', 'Puberty, Precocious', 'Reference Values']
| 11,994,373
|
[['D06.472.699.327.935.531.500', 'D06.472.699.631.525.600.531.500', 'D12.644.400.400.935.531.500', 'D12.644.548.365.935.531.500', 'D12.644.548.691.525.690.531.500', 'D12.776.631.650.405.935.531.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['D06.472.699.327.740.320', 'D12.644.400.400.740.320', 'D12.644.456.460', 'D12.644.548.365.740.320', 'D12.776.631.650.405.740.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.640'], ['D04.210.500.745.640'], ['G08.686.760', 'G08.686.841.374'], ['C19.391.693'], ['E05.978.810']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The gene encoding rat liver glycogen phosphorylase contains multiple polyadenylation signal sequences.
|
RNA blot analysis of rat liver and adipose tissues detected two glycogen phosphorylase (GP)-encoding transcripts. The polymerase chain reaction was used to characterize the 3'-noncoding region of the gene (L-GP) encoding liver-GP (L-GP) from the lean Zucker rat (Fa/Fa). Three distinct classes of colinear cDNA clones were identified by nucleotide (nt) sequence analysis, demonstrating that the L-GP gene contains at least three functional polyadenylation sites. The predominant L-GP transcript was generated by polyadenylation 130 nt 3' from the end of the coding region. A previously uncharacterized L-GP transcript is generated by polyadenylation at 346 nt 3' of the first polyadenylation site. Polyadenylation site selection does not appear to be regulated in a tissue-specific fashion. The relative steady-state L-GP mRNA levels in the different types of adipose tissues were comparable to, or exceeded transcript levels in liver.
|
['Adipose Tissue', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Blotting, Southern', 'Liver', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phosphorylases', 'Poly A', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Rats', 'Rats, Zucker', 'Restriction Mapping']
| 1,765,272
|
[['A10.165.114'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.196.401.114', 'E05.301.300.087', 'E05.601.150'], ['A03.620'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D08.811.913.400.450.460.400'], ['D13.695.578.550.500'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.550.700'], ['E05.393.183.620.650', 'E05.393.712']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Exposure of Gambian children to Anopheles gambiae malaria vectors in an irrigated rice production area.
|
Variation in exposure of children to malaria vectors of the Anopheles gambiae complex was recorded in a Gambian village situated near an irrigated area of rice cultivation. Observations were made in 1987 and 1988 during two dry seasons, when pumped water was used to grow rice, and two rainy seasons, when rice was produced using a combination of irrigated and rainfed paddies. Routine collections of mosquitoes were made from under bednets. Most of these specimens were assumed to have fed on the occupants of the net and thus represented a crude measure of exposure to malaria. Most nets in the village were in good condition, but even these were a poor defence against blood-seeking mosquitoes. Two annual peaks in the numbers of An.gambiae s.l. corresponded with the irrigation of rice paddies in the dry and wet seasons. When there were few vectors in the village the frequency distribution of mosquitoes caught under nets was described best by a Poisson process. When high numbers were present the daily distributions were over-dispersed and fitted a negative binomial model. The spatial distribution of mosquitoes varied between dry and wet seasons and was related to the predominant wind direction at night, suggesting that wind assisted the dispersal of mosquitoes from their breeding sites.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Agriculture', 'Animals', 'Anopheles', 'Child', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Gambia', 'Humans', 'Insect Bites and Stings', 'Insect Vectors', 'Malaria', 'Oryza', 'Population Surveillance', 'Regression Analysis', 'Risk Factors']
| 7,696,688
|
[['J01.040'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.712.500.875.120'], ['M01.060.406'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['Z01.058.290.190.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C25.723.127.071', 'C26.176.143'], ['N06.850.335.188.100.500', 'N06.850.520.203.375.100.500'], ['C01.610.752.530', 'C01.920.875'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.616'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The diagnosis of congenital hip-joint dislocation by the ultrasonic Combound treatment.
|
Due to poor penetration of bone, ultrasonic techniques have not been popular in orthropedic procedures. Since they are non-invasive and are not associated with a radiation hazard, their application in the diagnosis of congenital hip-joint dislocations merits investigation. Methods are presented in Part I which should enable the experienced investigator to make the diagnosis and avoid flash interpretations. In Part II, the practical results of these techniques over an 18 month period are presented and discussed. The small size of the object under examination and the, in general, poor resolving power of ultrasonoscopes constitute the major difficulties encountered when using ultrasonic diagnostic devices. The fact that these methods are harmless to the patient, economical, simple to perform, and noninvasive, make them attractive diagnostic tools for screening infant hip-joints congenital luxations.
|
['Child, Preschool', 'Hip Dislocation, Congenital', 'Hip Joint', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Radiography', 'Ultrasonics', 'Ultrasonography']
| 7,458,597
|
[['M01.060.406.448'], ['C05.660.297.500', 'C16.131.621.297.500', 'C16.131.621.449'], ['A02.835.583.411'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['H01.671.031.849'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Intrauterine insemination in fertile women delivers larger number of sperm to the peritoneal fluid than intracervical insemination.
|
Randomized IUI or intracervical insemination of eight fertile women with 50 x 10(6) sperm was performed to determine whether IUI delivers more spermatozoa to the peritoneal cavity. After IUI (n = 4), 2,053 to 29,450 sperm were recovered in the PF at laparoscopy. No sperm were found in the PF after intracervical insemination (n = 4). After IUI, CM contained 1.0 x 10(6) to 57.0 x 10(6) sperm/mL; after intracervical insemination, 0 to 1.2 x 10(3) sperm/mL were seen. One therapeutic mechanism for IUI is delivery of larger sperm numbers to the fertilization site by rapid (4 hours) transport. In addition, there is greater retrograde colonization of CM that may result in sustained release of sperm.
|
['Cervix Uteri', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Insemination, Artificial', 'Male', 'Peritoneal Cavity', 'Sperm Count', 'Spermatozoa', 'Uterus']
| 8,299,805
|
[['A05.360.319.679.256'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.875.800.937', 'E05.820.800.937', 'G08.686.784.363.492'], ['A01.923.047.025.600.678'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.870', 'E01.370.225.992.624', 'E05.200.500.195.870', 'E05.200.992.624', 'E05.242.195.870', 'G04.140.870'], ['A05.360.490.890', 'A11.497.760'], ['A05.360.319.679']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Quantification of morphologic and hemodynamic severity of coarctation of the aorta by magnetic resonance imaging.
|
OBJECTIVE: As the morpholgic severity of coarctation of the aorta is difficult to assess, especially after previous repair, the value of the technique of multiplanar reconstruction of magnetic resonance imaging data to achieve a 3-dimensional reconstruction of the aortic arch was evaluated and compared to hemodynamic measurements.METHODS AND RESULTS: We performed 30 examinations in 27 patients aged from 6 to 54 years, with a mean of 21 years, by magnetic resonance imaging using a 1.5Tesla scanner with a standard body coil. Measurements of flow across the coarctation were performed using phase shift velocity mapping, and peak velocity was calculated at the site of stenosis. Aortic cross-sectional area before, at, and beyond the stenosis was reconstructed 3-dimensionally to calculate a percentage degree of stenosis. Morphologic severity of stenosis was correlated to invasively assessed hemodynamic gradients and morphologic data from biplane angiography in 23 patients. Among the 30 examinations, 24 patients had been previously treated by either surgery, in 17 patients, or balloon dilation, while 6 had native coarctation. 3-dimensional reconstruction was possible in all and better delineated the anatomy concerning the hemodynamic relevance of stenoses even as compared with biplane angiography. The correlation between severity of narrowing assessed by diameter measurements in the biplane angiography and 2-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging was r = 0.94, and multiplanar reformation with 2-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging was r = 0.87 with a tendency of higher grading with the 3-dimensional technique (p = 0.0001). The correlation of 2-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging with invasively measured hemodynamic gradients was r = 0.67 versus r = 0.74 for the areas assessed by multiplanar reformation, indicating that the hemodynamic relevance of a morphological approach to evaluate the degree of a stenosis should better be assessed 3-dimensionally.CONCLUSIONS: The 3-dimensional reconstruction of the morphologic severity of coarctation offers additional information over conventional imaging especially in patients with kinking, complex geometry, or collaterals, in whom hemodynamic measurements can become unreliable.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Angiography', 'Aortic Coarctation', 'Child', 'Collateral Circulation', 'Female', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Linear Models', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pressure', 'Severity of Illness Index']
| 11,727,906
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.350.700.060', 'E01.370.370.050'], ['C14.240.400.090', 'C14.280.400.090', 'C16.131.240.400.090'], ['M01.060.406'], ['G09.330.100.248'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G01.374.715'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Comparison of immunodiffusion and crossed-immunoelectrophoresis in the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis.
|
A retrospective single blind study was conducted to compare the efficacy of crossed-immunoelectrophoresis using concanavalin A intermediate gel with double immunodiffusion tests in the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis. On the basis of cytoplasmic antibody detection, crossed-immunoelectrophoresis with concanavalin A differentiated reliably between Candida albicans fungemia and invasive candida infection, whereas double immunodiffusion did not. With regard to sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value crossed-immunoelectrophoresis with concanavalin A was superior to double immunodiffusion. Analysis of double immunodiffusion precipitin bands revealed fuzzy and sharp precipitin bands which corresponded to mannan (fuzzy) and cytoplasmic (sharp) antibodies in the crossed-immunoelectrophoresis with concanavalin A assay. Therefore, the finding of sharp bands in the double immunodiffusion procedure supports the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Candida', 'Candida albicans', 'Candidiasis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunodiffusion', 'Immunoelectrophoresis, Two-Dimensional', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 6,411,463
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.300.107.795.095', 'B01.300.381.147', 'B01.300.930.176'], ['B01.300.107.795.095.326', 'B01.300.381.147.326', 'B01.300.930.176.326'], ['C01.150.703.160'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645.350', 'E05.200.812.735.645.350', 'E05.478.594.760.645.350', 'E05.478.605.492.350'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645.350.350.350', 'E05.196.401.568.520', 'E05.200.812.735.645.350.350.350', 'E05.301.300.568.520', 'E05.478.594.760.645.350.350.350', 'E05.478.605.492.350.350.350'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Optical internal urethrotomy as the treatment of choice for primary stricture of the urethra.
|
Seventy-five patients with primary urethral strictures were treated by optical urethrotomy with catheter drainage for 7 days. Good results were obtained in 66% of cases, which were all post-traumatic in nature; 34% had to undergo further procedures such as dilatation or repeat internal urethrotomy.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cystoscopy', 'Dilatation', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Reoperation', 'Urethra', 'Urethral Stricture', 'Urinary Catheterization', 'Urination']
| 3,191,341
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.388.250.180', 'E01.370.390.175', 'E04.502.250.180', 'E04.950.774.155'], ['E05.284'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E04.690'], ['A05.360.444.492.726', 'A05.810.876'], ['C12.777.767.700.700', 'C13.351.968.767.700.700'], ['E01.370.390.820', 'E02.148.947', 'E05.157.500'], ['G08.852.880']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Exquisite food allergy without eating.
|
The past few decades have witnessed an increasing understanding of the role of food allergy in human disease. Nevertheless, controversies still exist in several aspects of this area. One such controversy concerns the body systems that can be the target of food hypersensitivity reactions. Another is the role of noningestant exposure to food in a nonoccupational setting. Both of these aspects are vividly demonstrated in the case presented here.
|
['Child', 'Food Hypersensitivity', 'Humans', 'Male']
| 8,172,359
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['C20.543.480.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Helicobacter pylori: a scientific paradigm?].
|
It is analyzed from a historic philosophic view, the role which takes the discovery of the Helicobacter pylori as an example like the way scientists proceed to build the scientific knowledge. The method for the philosophic interpretation of this find is based on the proposal of Thomas Kuhn who offers a historical description of the way, that science is taking form and developing. It is concluded that in the discovering of the Helicobacter pylori and its theoretical implying concept and therapeutic would adapt nowadays a "Mini Paradigm" scientific and which would be in presence of a great step for the creation of a new scientific paradigm. So it's worth to say in the introduction of a scientific resolution in the conception, explanation and action to follow for the community of specialists and the common people respect to the chronic gastritis, duodenal ulcers and other similar ones.
|
['Duodenal Ulcer', 'Gastritis', 'Helicobacter Infections', 'Helicobacter pylori', 'History, 20th Century', 'Humans', 'Research']
| 8,018,903
|
[['C06.405.469.275.800.348', 'C06.405.748.586.349'], ['C06.405.205.697', 'C06.405.748.398'], ['C01.150.252.400.466'], ['B03.440.500.550', 'B03.660.150.235.500.250.550'], ['K01.400.504.968'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H01.770.644']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[CT-guided radiofrequency ablation of liver metastases from colorectal cancer].
|
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Data on radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of liver metastasis has not been uniform. The goal of this study was to determine medium-term success of CT-guided RFA of liver metastases from colorectal cancer.PATIENTS AND METHODS: 43 consecutive patients (27 men; aged 67+/-10 years) with a total of 87 liver metastases from colo-rectal cancer were included in this retrospective analysis. All patients underwent percutaneous RFA after first- or second-line chemotherapy. The mean follow-up period was 29.8 +/- 22.7 (4 - 85) months. Overall survival and local recurrence-free survival were determined using Kaplan-Meier curves. The effects of primary therapeutic success, number of lesions, maximum lesion size and sum of lesion diameters were assessed.RESULTS: In total, 83 lesions were treated during 56 interventions. Taking into account local recurrence and incomplete ablation 86.7 % of metastases were successfully ablated. The median survival was 46 months with estimated 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates of 89.0 %, 66.2 % and 41.8 %, respectively. The median interval to hepatic tumor progression was 13 months after RFA. Survival was related to primary treatment success (p = 0.0353), number of lesions (p = 0.0050) and sum of lesion diameters (p = 0.0199).CONCLUSION: CT-guided RFA is an effective treatment of liver metastases from colorectal cancer. These data support the use of RFA in patients considered ineligible for surgery.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Catheter Ablation', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Survival Rate', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 19,401,962
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E02.808.750.500', 'E04.014.760.500'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Gastroprotective effects of CoQ10 on ethanol-induced acute gastric lesions.
|
INTRODUCTION: Alcohol consumption is frequently associated with gastric mucosal lesions. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Coenzyme-Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation on the ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in a rat model.MATERIAL AND METHOD: Sixty-four female wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 8 groups (n = 8). Studies were performed in ethanol induced gastric ulcer model in Wistar albino rats. Famotidine at a dose of 5 mg/kg or 20 mg/kg and CoQ10 at a single dose of 10 mg/kg or 20 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg for 7 days were administered as pretreatment. All the rats in study groups received 2 ml/kg ethanol 95 % intragastrically, 30 minutes after pretreatment. Four hour after ethanol administration, all rats were sacrificed and their stomachs were removed under ketamin anaesthesia. Gastric protection was evaluated by measuring the ulcer index, MDA concentrations, and histopathological studies.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Rats pretreated either with famotidine or CoQ10 had significantly diminished gastric mucosal damage which was assessed with gross and microscopic analysis (p < 0.00625). MDA levels were significantly lower in famotidine 20 mg/kg and CoQ10 pretreatment for 7 days group (p < 0.00625).
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Ulcer Agents', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Ethanol', 'Female', 'Gastric Mucosa', 'Plant Extracts', 'Random Allocation', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Stomach Ulcer', 'Ubiquinone', 'Vitamins']
| 25,666,963
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.483.203'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D02.033.375'], ['A03.556.875.875.440', 'A10.615.550.291'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['C06.405.469.275.800.849', 'C06.405.748.586.849'], ['D02.806.250.900', 'D08.211.935'], ['D27.505.696.494.600', 'G07.203.300.681.500.600', 'J02.500.681.500.600']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) gene encoding a NAC transcription factor is involved in negative regulation of plant xylem development.
|
NAC proteins that compose of one large family of plant specific transcription factors (TF) play the important roles in many biological processes (such as morphogenesis, development, senescence and stress signal transduction). In this study, a gene (designated as GhXND1) encoding a NAC transcription factor was identified in cotton. Sequence analysis indicated that GhXND1 gene contains two introns inserted in its open reading frame (ORF). GhXND1 protein is localized in the cell nucleus, and displays the transactivation activity. GhXND1 transcripts were mainly detected in cotyledons, petals, roots, hypocotyls and stems, but little or no signals of GhXND1 expression were found in the other tissues. Ectopic expression of GhXND1 in Arabidopsis resulted in a reduction in number of xylem vessel cells and cell wall thickness of interfascicular fibers in the transgenic plants, compared with those of wild type. And expression of some cell wall biosynthesis-related genes was down-regulated in the GhXND1 transgenic plants. Collectively, the data presented in this study suggested that GhXND1 may be involved in regulation of plant xylem development.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Genes, Plant', 'Gossypium', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Transcription Factors', 'Xylem']
| 25,137,291
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G05.308.375'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.393', 'G05.360.340.365.500'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.821.500.244'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['D12.776.930'], ['A18.450.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Sensorimotor reactions in students of high school age during different types of the weather].
|
The neuro-dynamical characteristics of the higher nervous activity of senior pupils in different weather types were investigated. The group of practically healthy pupils was given tests on investigation of the speed of the simple sensomotorical reaction (SSR), sigma of the simple sensomotorical reaction (Sigma), the medial speed of the choice reaction (CR), the speed of the choice reaction for the right (CRR) and the left (CRL) hand. The study was conducted on the days with favorable, conditionally favorable and unfavorable medical-meteorological conditions. The results of the study of the neuro-dynamical characteristics of the higher nervous activity of senior pupils give the possibility to make a conclusion that they decrease as the weather conditions become worse. Senior school age is characterized by the improvement of the neuro-dynamical characteristics of the higher nervous activity. The girls of the senior school age have shown higher results in different weather types than the boys.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Adolescent', 'Female', 'Higher Nervous Activity', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Reaction Time', 'Sex Factors', 'Visual Perception', 'Weather']
| 14,965,057
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['M01.060.057'], ['F02.463.247', 'G11.561.398'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['F02.463.593.932'], ['G16.500.275.063.725', 'G16.500.750.775', 'N06.230.300.100.725']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Bobble-head doll syndrome due to a suprasellar arachnoid cyst: endoscopic treatment in two cases.
|
OBJECT: We report two cases of bobble-head doll syndrome associated with a large suprasellar arachnoid cyst successfully treated with a minimally invasive endoscopic approach.METHODS: The clinical history, surgical treatment and results of two children, a 9-year-old boy and a 1-year-old girl, both presenting the clinical features of the bobble-head doll syndrome, are described. As a first procedure, a ventriculo-cystostomy was endoscopically performed in both patients, obtaining either resolution of the symptoms or notable cyst reduction. In the girl, a re-closure of the stoma, with cyst re-expansion, was observed after 18 months. She then underwent a second procedure, a ventriculo-cysto-cisternostomy, with a good result. After 3 years' follow-up, the neurological condition of both patients remains good with complete resolution of abnormal head movement.CONCLUSION: In our opinion, endoscopic treatment is the procedure of choice for this condition, as it involves few complications and gives good results.
|
['Arachnoid Cysts', 'Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts', 'Child', 'Endoscopy', 'Female', 'Head Movements', 'Humans', 'Hydrocephalus', 'Infant', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Movement Disorders']
| 15,057,560
|
[['C04.182.044', 'C04.588.614.250.387.100', 'C10.500.142.100', 'C10.551.240.375.100', 'C16.131.666.142.100'], ['E04.035.188', 'E04.525.170'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E01.370.388.250', 'E04.502.250'], ['G11.427.410.478'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.602'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['C10.228.662']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Less is more: reduced catechol production permits Pseudomonas putida F1 to grow on styrene.
|
Pseudomonas putida F1 is unable to grow on styrene due to the accumulation of 3-vinylcatechol, a toxic metabolite that is produced through the toluene degradation (tod) pathway and causes catechol-2,3-dioxygenase (C23O) inactivation. In this study, we characterized a spontaneous F1 mutant, designated SF1, which acquired the ability to grow on styrene and did not accumulate 3-vinylcatechol. Whereas adaptation to new aromatic substrates has typically been shown to involve increased C23O activity or the acquisition of resistance to C23O inactivation, SF1 retained wild-type C23O activity. Surprisingly, SF1 grew more slowly on toluene, its native substrate, and exhibited reduced toluene dioxygenase (TDO) activity (approximately 50 % of that of F1), the enzyme responsible for ring hydroxylation and subsequent production of 3-vinylcatechol. DNA sequence analysis of the tod operon of SF1 revealed a single base pair mutation in todA (C479T), a gene encoding the reductase component of TDO. Replacement of the wild-type todA allele in F1 with todA(C479T) reduced TDO activity to SF1 levels, obviated vinylcatechol accumulation, and conferred the ability to grow on styrene. This novel 'less is more' strategy - reduced catechol production as a means to expand growth substrate range - sheds light on an alternative approach for managing catechol toxicity during the metabolism of aromatic compounds.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Catechol 2,3-Dioxygenase', 'Catechols', 'Mutation', 'Oxygenases', 'Pseudomonas putida', 'Styrene', 'Toluene']
| 22,902,727
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['D08.811.682.690.416.305'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.166'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D08.811.682.690'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.675', 'B03.660.250.580.590.580'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.750.800'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.832']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Preparation of a complex of dexamethasone palmitate-low density lipoprotein and its effect on foam cell formation of murine peritoneal macrophages.
|
In the early progression of atherosclerosis, LDL migrates in the subendothelial space of the artery and plays an important role in foam cell formations of macrophages. LDL may serve as a carrier of site-specific delivery of drugs to atherosclerotic lesions. In this exploratory study, dexamethasone palmitate (DP) was incorporated in LDL, and an inhibitory effect of this complex on foam cell formations was examined. LDL was isolated from human plasma, and the DP-LDL complex was prepared by incubation in the presence of Celite 545. No degradation nor modification of LDL was observed. The DP/LDL molar ratio of the complex was 35-50:1. Foam cell formations of murine macrophages were induced by incubation with oxidized LDL. When macrophages were pretreated with the DP-LDL complex, accumulation of cholesterol ester in the macrophages induced by oxidized LDL, i.e., an index of foam cell formation, was decreased. These findings indicated that the DP-LDL complex showed similar characteristics to LDL, and the DP-LDL complex inhibited foam cell formations of macrophages in vitro. This study provides the basis for further study of the DP-LDL complex as a drug-carrier complex for treatment of atherosclerosis.
|
['Animals', 'Arteriosclerosis', 'Cholesterol Esters', 'Dexamethasone', 'Drug Delivery Systems', 'Foam Cells', 'Lipoproteins, LDL', 'Macrophages, Peritoneal', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred ICR', 'Palmitates']
| 10,393,569
|
[['B01.050'], ['C14.907.137.126'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284.200', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197.200', 'D10.570.938.208.250'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.344', 'D04.210.500.908.238'], ['E02.319.300'], ['A11.329.372.368', 'A11.627.482.368', 'A11.733.397.368', 'A15.382.670.522.368', 'A15.382.680.397.368'], ['D10.532.515', 'D12.776.521.550'], ['A11.329.372.630', 'A11.627.482.630', 'A11.733.397.630', 'A15.382.670.522.630', 'A15.382.680.397.630'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.510', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.510'], ['D10.251.694.600']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Social functioning of schizophrenia patients without working capability].
|
The social functioning is an important criteria for evaluation when the decision about guardianship has to be made. Therefore, we investigated the differences in social functioning of persons under guardianship in comparison with persons without guardianship. Examinees (N=123) with diagnosed schizophrenia, accommodated at a social care institution for mentally ill persons, participated in the study. Adaptive function scale has been used for the evaluation of social functioning. The results were processed by statistic methods using SPSS and following methods have been used for statistics: descriptive analysis, regression analysis and group centroids. The results didn't show the statistically significant differences in social functioning between two groups of examinees. Also, there was no statistical significant difference in relation to the duration of illness, age and education. The results indicate the necessarily of taking into consideration the some other dimensions important for evaluation of mental capacity, especially when the decision about guardianship has to be made.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Legal Guardians', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Schizophrenic Psychology', 'Social Adjustment', 'Social Behavior']
| 19,469,272
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.380'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.824'], ['F01.145.813.621'], ['F01.145.813']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Response of immunoreactive antiarrhythmic peptide (IR-AAP) level associated with experimental arrhythmia in rats.
|
The change in endogenous antiarrhythmic peptide (AAP) levels in serum, heart and kidney from rats under several drug-induced arrhythmias was investigated using a sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay. The extracts from serum, heart and kidney were fractionated by Sephadex G-25 chromatography to obtain a fraction which was found at the same position as that of synthetic AAP. In serum, the immunoreactive (IR)-AAP level increased about threefold under CaCl2-, aconitine- and epinephrine-induced arrhythmias. In heart, the IR-AAP level was doubled by CaCl2, increased 1.4 times by aconitine and decreased by one third by epinephrine. The levels in serum and heart were slightly increased by ADP. The kidney IR-AAP level was not changed under these drug-induced arrhythmias. Considering the previous result that AAP could protect against CaCl2- and aconitine-induced arrhythmias but not against epinephrine-induced arrhythmia, the change in the IR-AAP level in heart coincided with the effect of AAP given to animals under arrhythmia. Quinidine, propranolol and verapamil had no effect on serum IR-AAP level. These results suggested that endogenous AAP in heart worked to suppress certain arrhythmia.
|
['Aconitine', 'Adenosine Diphosphate', 'Animals', 'Anti-Arrhythmia Agents', 'Arrhythmias, Cardiac', 'Calcium Chloride', 'Epinephrine', 'Oligopeptides', 'Radioimmunoassay', 'Rats']
| 3,820,057
|
[['D02.455.849.291.184.037', 'D03.132.301.030'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.124', 'D13.695.667.138.124', 'D13.695.827.068.124'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.411.097'], ['C14.280.067', 'C23.550.073'], ['D01.146.300', 'D01.210.450.150.150'], ['D02.033.100.291.310', 'D02.092.063.291.310', 'D02.092.211.215.454', 'D02.092.311.461', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.461'], ['D12.644.456'], ['E01.370.384.700', 'E05.478.566.639', 'E05.601.470.639'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Variability of NSQIP-assessed surgical quality based on age and disease process.
|
BACKGROUND: Recent national attention has focused on improving upon the surgical quality of hospitals across the United States. The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database includes expected morbidity probability for each surgical patient. We sought to investigate the accuracy of this probability across the spectrum of general surgical operations and assess the variability based on the age and disease process.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using the 2008 ACS-NSQIP database, we identified 190,929 operations that would be in the scope of practice of a modern general surgeon; the four most common included breast resection (n = 22,175; 11.6%), colon resection (n = 21,363; 11.2%), cholecystectomy (n = 20,889; 10.9%), and inguinal hernia repair (n = 11,709; 6.1%). We calculated the surgical observed versus expected morbidity rates (O/E) of each operation type and compared them by decile of patient age. We then determined the effect of case mix and patient age on theoretical hospitals performing at the NSQIP average.RESULTS: There is substantial variability in O/E ratios when comparing these disease processes across deciles of age. For patients undergoing breast resections, 67.2% of morbidities were solely attributed to 30-d reoperations; colon resections had an O/E ratio greater than 1 for all age deciles except over 90 y old. For cholecystectomies and the majority of patients undergoing inguinal hernia repairs, there was a lower morbidity rate than expected. Case mix and patient age were found to independently affect assessment of hospital quality.CONCLUSIONS: It is conceivable that general surgery case mix and patient age could independently affect the quality assessment of a hospital. This variability may have implications for overall quality measures.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Databases, Factual', 'Diagnosis-Related Groups', 'Female', 'General Surgery', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Quality Assurance, Health Care']
| 23,290,529
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['N03.219.521.710.305.200.080'], ['H02.403.810.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N04.761.700', 'N05.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Sense of coherence and parenting stress in mothers and fathers of preschool children with developmental disability.
|
BACKGROUND: Few previous studies have examined Antonovsky's (1979, 1987) sense of coherence (SOC) in parents of young children with developmental disability (DD). This study explored relationships between parental stress, SOC, social support, and health in parents of preschool children with and without DD. A secondary aim was to explore the relevance of the SOC construct to parental adjustment.METHOD: Data were analysed from 59 families with preschool children with DD and 45 families of typically developing preschoolers (children without DD) who completed the study questionnaire.RESULTS: Mothers and fathers of children with DD reported high levels of parenting stress, with 84% of mothers' and 67% of fathers' scores falling within the clinical range. Parents of children with DD consistently reported higher levels of parenting stress, weaker SOC, and, for mothers and parents in 2-parent families, poorer health than parents of children without DD. Within families, mothers of children with DD reported poorer health, higher levels of parenting stress, and weaker SOC than their partners. There were no significant differences in reported health, parenting stress, or SOC between parents of children without DD.CONCLUSIONS: The results supported previous findings on high levels of parental stress in parents of preschool children with DD. The weaker SOC of parents of children with DD is likely to be an indication of the pervasive impact on parents of their child's DD. These findings also indicated possible gender differences in parental adjustment to their child's DD. Overall, the findings of this study support the usefulness of SOC theory in understanding adaptation in parents of children with DD.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adult', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cost of Illness', 'Developmental Disabilities', 'Fathers', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Models, Psychological', 'Mothers', 'Parenting', 'Personality Inventory', 'Problem Solving', 'Psychometrics', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 16,766,317
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['N03.219.151.165', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.182', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.046'], ['F03.625.421'], ['F01.829.263.500.320.100', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340.210', 'M01.620.390'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.695'], ['F01.829.263.500.320.200', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340.270', 'M01.620.630'], ['F01.829.263.370.310'], ['F04.711.647.513'], ['F02.463.425.725', 'F02.463.785.810'], ['F04.711.780'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Resection of a dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor in the precentral gyrus.
|
BACKGROUND: Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors (DNTs) are common causes of intractable epilepsy in pediatric epilepsy patients. The effect of surgical intervention is often limited when the tumor is located in the precentral gyrus. Furthermore, complete surgical resection is often not performed in order to avoid permanent neurological deficits.METHODS: Here, we present a pediatric patient with intractable epilepsy caused by a simple DNT located in the precentral gyrus. Intracranial electrodes were implanted and used in combination with magnetic resonance imaging, video-electroencephalography and electrical cortical stimulation to assess neurological function, and where the epileptogenic zone was located.RESULTS: The results of intracranial electrode monitoring suggested that the epileptogenic zone was located in the tumor area and that cortical function had been reorganized. We completely resected the tumor based on these findings. The patient has been seizure free after the surgery and has not had any neurological deficits.CONCLUSIONS: Simple form DNTs in the precentral gyrus can be completely resected with careful preoperative assessment of cortical function. Cortical reorganization could partly explain the functional preservation after surgery.
|
['Brain Neoplasms', 'Child', 'Craniotomy', 'Electroencephalography', 'Epilepsy', 'Frontal Lobe', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial', 'Neurosurgical Procedures', 'Postoperative Care', 'Prognosis', 'Risk Assessment', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 26,253,415
|
[['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E04.525.190'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['C10.228.140.490'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['C04.557.465.625.600', 'C04.557.470.670', 'C04.557.580.625.600'], ['E04.525'], ['E02.760.731.700', 'E04.604.500', 'N02.421.585.722.700'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Identification and initial characterization of 5000 expressed sequenced tags (ESTs) each from adult human normal and osteoarthritic cartilage cDNA libraries.
|
OBJECTIVE: To prepare, sequence and analyse adult human cartilage cDNA libraries to study the gene expression pattern between normal and osteoarthritic cartilage.METHODS: Poly A(+)RNA from adult human normal and osteoarthritic articular cartilage was isolated and used to prepare cDNA libraries. Approximately 5000 ESTs from each library were sequenced and analysed using bioinformatic tools. The expression of select genes was confirmed by Northern blot and in situ hybridization analysis.RESULTS: Multiple gene families including several classical cartilage matrix protein encoding genes were identified. Approximately 28-40% of the genes sequenced from these libraries were novel, while half of the genes encoded known proteins and 4-6% of the genes encoded novel homologs of known proteins. Several known genes, whose expression has not been reported previously in cartilage, were also identified. We have confirmed the cartilage expression of three known (CTGF, CTGF-L and clusterin) and two novel homologs of known genes (PCPE-2 and Gal-Nac transferase) by Northern blot and in situ hybridization analysis.CONCLUSION: This is the first report of the preparation and sequencing of cDNA libraries from adult human normal and osteoarthritic articular cartilage. Further analysis of genes identified from these libraries may provide molecular targets for diagnosis and/or treatment of osteoarthritis (OA).
|
['Adult', 'Blotting, Northern', 'Cartilage, Articular', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Expressed Sequence Tags', 'Gene Expression', 'Gene Library', 'Humans', 'In Situ Hybridization', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Osteoarthritis, Knee']
| 11,597,177
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.196.401.095', 'E05.301.300.074', 'E05.601.100'], ['A02.165.407.150', 'A02.835.583.192'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.275'], ['G05.297'], ['G05.360.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325', 'E05.393.661.475'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['C05.550.114.606.500', 'C05.799.613.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.