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Evaluation of antibody levels during simultaneous aflatoxicosis and vaccination against infectious laryngotracheitis in pullets.
|
Chickens fed 200 ppb aflatoxin from 10 days of age were evaluated for their immune response to a modified live infectious laryngotracheitis vaccine. Vaccination was administered at age 4 and 12 weeks. Antibody titers to the vaccine were reduced in chickens given dietary aflatoxin. After 7 weeks, aflatoxin feeding was continued for one month in a treated group and was withdrawn in another. Serology indicated significant differences between the two treated groups relative to whether aflatoxin was fed or not. Significant reduction in body weights, antibody titers and elevated SGOT and SGPT levels were found in chickens treated with aflatoxin. The impact of aflatoxin on reduced body weight, decreased SGOT and SGPT levels and lower antibody titers was shown to be significant in the treated group fed on a ration of aflatoxin until throughout the experiment.
|
['Aflatoxins', 'Animals', 'Antibodies', 'Chickens', 'Female', 'Herpesvirus 1, Gallid', 'Inflammation', 'Larynx', 'Titrimetry', 'Trachea', 'Vaccination']
| 18,676,159
|
[['D03.383.663.283.119', 'D03.633.100.150.119', 'D23.946.587.142'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['B04.280.382.100.374.450'], ['C23.550.470'], ['A04.329'], ['E05.196.922'], ['A04.889'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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|
Combinatorial activity of pair-rule proteins on the Drosophila gooseberry early enhancer.
|
The early expression of the Drosophila segment polarity gene gooseberry (gsb) is under the control of the pair-rule genes. We have identified a 514-bp enhancer which reproduces the early gsb expression pattern in transgenic flies. The transcription factor Paired (Prd) is the main activator of this enhancer in all parasegments of the embryo. It binds to paired- and homeodomain-binding sites, which are segregated on the enhancer. Using site-directed mutagenesis, we have identified sites critical for Prd activity. Negative regulation of this enhancer is mediated by the Even-skipped protein (Eve) in the odd-numbered parasegments and by the combination of Fushi-tarazu (Ftz) and Odd-skipped proteins in the even-numbered parasegments. The organisation of the Prd-binding sites, as well as the necessity for intact DNA binding sites for both paired- and homeodomains, suggests a molecular model whereby the two DNA-binding domains of the Prd protein cooperate in transcriptional activation of gsb. This positive activity appears to be in competition with Eve and Ftz on Prd homeodomain-binding sites.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'DNA Primers', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Drosophila', 'Drosophila Proteins', 'Enhancer Elements, Genetic', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Insect Proteins', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Trans-Activators', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 10,885,752
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D12.776.260'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250'], ['D12.776.093.500.462'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.330', 'G05.360.080.689.330', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.249'], ['G05.308.310'], ['D12.776.093.500'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['D12.776.660'], ['D12.776.260.755', 'D12.776.930.900', 'D12.776.964.925.984'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The influence of teaching setting on medical students' clinical skills development: is the academic medical center the "gold standard"?
|
PURPOSE: Many medical schools have revised their curricula to include longitudinal clinical training in the first and second years, placing an extra burden on academic teaching faculty and expanding the use of community-based preceptors for clinical teaching. Little is known about the impact of different learning settings on clinical skills development.METHOD: In 2002-03 and 2003-04, the authors evaluated the clinical skills of two sequential cohorts of second-year medical students at Dartmouth Medical School (n = 155) at the end of a two-year longitudinal clinical course designed to prepare them for their clerkship year. Students' objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) scores were compared on a cardiopulmonary and an endocrine case according to precepting sites (academic medical center [AMC] clinics, AMC-affiliated office-based clinics, or community-based primary care offices) and core communication, history taking, physical examination, and patient education skills were assessed. Study groups were compared using descriptive statistics and analysis of variance (mixed model).RESULTS: Ninety-five students (61%) had community-based preceptors, 31 (20%) AMC clinic-based preceptors, and 29 (19%) AMC-affiliated office-based preceptors. Students' performances did not differ among clinical learning sites with overall scores in the cardiopulmonary case of 61.2% in AMC clinics, 63.3% in office-based AMC-affiliated clinics, and 64.9% in community-based offices (p = .20). Scores in the endocrine case similarly did not differ with overall scores of 65.5% in AMC clinics, 68.5% in office-based AMC-affiliated clinics, and 66.4% in community-based offices (p = .59).CONCLUSIONS: Students' early clinical skill development is not influenced by educational setting. Thus, using clinicians for early clinical training in any of these settings is appropriate.
|
['Academic Medical Centers', 'Adult', 'Clinical Clerkship', 'Clinical Competence', 'Cohort Studies', 'Communication', 'Curriculum', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Medical History Taking', 'Physical Examination', 'Physician-Patient Relations', 'Primary Health Care', 'Schools, Medical']
| 16,306,293
|
[['N02.278.020'], ['M01.060.116'], ['I02.358.105'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['I02.158'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.510'], ['E01.370.600'], ['F01.829.401.650.675', 'N05.300.660.625'], ['N04.590.233.727'], ['I02.783.495.552', 'N02.278.020.578']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A case of reversible third-degree AV block due to Lyme carditis.
|
The most common manifestation of Lyme carditis is a varying degree of atrioventricular (AV) conduction block. This case describes a 45-year-old male with third-degree AV block due to Lyme carditis. Treatment with intravenous antibiotics resulted in complete normalization of AV conduction, thereby averting permanent pacemaker implantation.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Atrioventricular Block', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Electrocardiography', 'Humans', 'Lyme Disease', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocarditis', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 27,215,649
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['C14.280.067.558.230', 'C14.280.123.500.230', 'C23.550.073.425.062'], ['E01.171'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.150.252.400.536', 'C01.150.252.400.794.352.250', 'C01.920.930.513'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.238.625'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Serum proteolytic enzymes in different clinical variants of rheumatoid arthritis].
|
A study was made of the activity of the blood serum proteolytic enzymes in 100 rheumatoid arthritic patients. Their noticeable activation well correlated with clinical types of disease, was revealed. Maximum proteolysis values were noted in parallel with high degrees of activity, seropositivity, systemic signs, rapid progression and multiple articular lesions.
|
['Adult', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Cathepsins', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreatic Elastase', 'Peptide Hydrolases', 'Rheumatoid Factor', 'Trypsin']
| 3,296,287
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['D08.811.277.656.224'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.560', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.560'], ['D08.811.277.656'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323.732', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323.732', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323.732'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.895', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.895']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Axonal transport of [35S]methionine labeled proteins in Xenopus optic nerve: phases of transport and the effects of nerve crush on protein patterns.
|
Axonal transport of proteins in the Xenopus optic nerve was examined by labeling proteins in the eye with [35S]methionine injected intraocularly and then analyzing the labeled proteins in the eye, nerve, and tectum on linear gradient SDS polyacrylamide gels at different times after the injection. Because the optic nerve in Xenopus is short, in order to distinguish transported proteins from locally synthesized proteins, the optic nerve on one side of the animal was crushed at the orbit (to stop axonal transport) 5-30 min prior to injection and the crushed and normal nerve segments were compared. Proteins in the intact nerve which were absent in the crushed nerve were identified as axonally transported proteins. By such criteria several waves corresponding to transported material moving at greater than or equal to 6 mm/day, 1.6-2.8 mm/day, and approximately 0.2 mm/day were detected in the nerve. The most rapid phases of transport could be further resolved in the optic tectum into 3 additional components at 60-96 mm/day, 30-48 mm/day, and 6-11 mm/day. Analysis of labeled proteins in the crushed nerves distal to the crush, near the injury site, revealed several locally synthesized proteins (mol. wt. 54,000, 48,000, 43,000 daltons) which were not present in normal, uninjured nerves. Such proteins are probably synthesized by glia in response to injury.
|
['Animals', 'Axonal Transport', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Methionine', 'Molecular Weight', 'Nerve Regeneration', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Neuroglia', 'Optic Nerve', 'Retina', 'Retinal Ganglion Cells', 'Visual Pathways', 'Xenopus laevis']
| 6,202,364
|
[['B01.050'], ['G03.143.355.040', 'G04.392.040', 'G11.561.050'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['D02.886.030.676', 'D12.125.142.557', 'D12.125.154.549', 'D12.125.166.676'], ['G02.494'], ['G11.561.585', 'G16.762.611'], ['D12.776.631'], ['A08.637', 'A11.650'], ['A08.800.800.120.680'], ['A09.371.729'], ['A08.675.650.850.875', 'A09.371.729.831.875', 'A11.671.650.850.875'], ['A08.612.220.860'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.610.500.562']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The distribution of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in the nucleus tractus solitarii of the squirrel monkey.
|
The distribution of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) containing neurons and fibers in subnuclei of the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) in the squirrel monkey, Saimuri sciureus, was investigated by nNOS immunohistochemistry and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-diaphorase histochemistry. Generally, the staining pattern of nNOS and NADPH-diaphorase in the NTS was similar. A high density of neurons and fibers exhibiting both nNOS immunoreactivity and NADPH-diaphorase reactivity was present in the central, medial, intermediate, and dorsolateral subnuclei of the NTS. A moderate density of neurons and fibers that stained for both nNOS and NADPH-diaphorase was noted in the interstitial and ventromedial subnuclei. The gelatinosus and commissural subnuclei contained a low density of neurons and fibers exhibiting nNOS immunoreactivity and NADPH-diaphorase staining. The dorsal motor nucleus of vagus contained a high density of nNOS immunopositive and NADPH-diaphorase containing neurons and fibers at the rostral level, but contained a moderate density of positive fibers and very few positive neurons at the intermediate, subpostremal and commissural NTS levels. Incongruence was noted, however, between nNOS immunostaining and NADPH-diaphorase staining in blood vessels in the brainstem. Capillaries and small vessels exhibited strong staining for NADPH-diaphorase but no nNOS immunoreactivity. In summary, this work substantiates the presence of nNOS in subnuclei of the monkey NTS and is consistent with a role for NO(.) in neurotransmission in primate NTS.
|
['Animals', 'Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Nerve Fibers', 'Neurons', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I', 'Saimiri', 'Solitary Nucleus']
| 10,677,614
|
[['B01.050'], ['D05.500.562.452.150', 'D05.500.562.468.500', 'D05.500.562.625.500', 'D08.811.600.391.150', 'D08.811.600.465.500', 'D08.811.600.741.525', 'D08.811.682.657.350.750.500', 'D08.811.682.667.061', 'D12.776.331.192'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['A08.675.542', 'A11.671.501'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.600.150.710.710'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.591.500.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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|
Activation of Stat1 and subsequent transcription of inducible nitric oxide synthase gene in C6 glioma cells is independent of interferon-gamma-induced MAPK activation that is mediated by p21ras.
|
Rat C6 glioma cells have been used to characterize molecular events involved in the regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene expression stimulated by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) plus lipopolysaccharide (LPS). IFNs induce a signaling event which involves activation of Stat1 transcription factor. Previous studies have shown that IFNs also induce extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK/MAPK) activation. However, the mechanisms by which IFNs stimulate MAPK activation remain elusive. Here we show that in C6 glioma cells, transiently expressing the dominant-negative form of c-Ha-Ras (Asn-17) abrogated IFN-gamma-induced ERK1 and ERK2 activation. Furthermore, PD98059, a specific MEK1 inhibitor, also blocked this activation. These results indicate that p21ras and MEK1 are required for IFN-gamma-induced ERK1 and ERK2 activation. Recent studies have reported that MAPK is responsible for serine phosphorylation of Stat1 which is required for Stat1's DNA binding and maximal transcriptional activity. Thus, we examined the role of the Ras-MAPK pathway in Stat1 activation and subsequent iNOS induction in C6 glioma cells. Further experiments showed that neither Asn-17 Ras expression nor concentrations of PD98059, which completely abrogated IFN-gamma-induced ERK1 and ERK2 activation, affected Stat1 DNA binding activity or iNOS induction, indicating that the Ras-MAPK pathway does not appear to be involved in the activation of Stat1 and subsequent iNOS induction in C6 glioma cells.
|
['Animals', 'Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases', 'DNA', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Flavonoids', 'Genes, ras', 'Glioma', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'MAP Kinase Kinase 1', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)', 'Rats', 'STAT1 Transcription Factor', 'Signal Transduction', 'Trans-Activators', 'Transcriptional Activation', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 9,180,263
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.125', 'D12.644.360.100', 'D12.776.476.100'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.500.791.550'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380', 'C04.557.470.670.380', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.565.100', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.200.100', 'D12.644.360.440.100', 'D12.776.476.440.100'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.249.500', 'D12.644.360.450.169.500', 'D12.776.476.450.169.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.249.750', 'D12.644.360.450.169.750', 'D12.776.476.450.169.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.565', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.200', 'D12.644.360.440', 'D12.776.476.440'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567', 'D12.644.360.450', 'D12.776.476.450'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.500.600', 'D12.644.360.525.500.600', 'D12.776.157.325.515.500.600', 'D12.776.476.525.500.600', 'D12.776.624.664.700.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.644.360.024.303.500.500', 'D12.644.360.024.342.100', 'D12.776.157.057.061.500.500', 'D12.776.157.057.186.100', 'D12.776.260.513.249.500', 'D12.776.476.024.386.500.500', 'D12.776.476.024.430.100', 'D12.776.930.354.249.500', 'D12.776.930.840.100'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.776.260.755', 'D12.776.930.900', 'D12.776.964.925.984'], ['G05.308.800'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Toxicological effect of Al2
|
In the present study, freshwater fish Oreochromis mossambicus were exposed to sub lethal concentrations (120, 150 and 180 ppm) of Aluminium oxide nanoparticles (Al2O3 NPs) for 96 h. Histological abnormalities were not observed in the organs of control fishes whereas severe damages and extensive architectural loss was found in the brain, gill, intestine, kidney and muscle tissues of treated fishes with more pronounced effects in 180 ppm. The results showed that the acute exposure to Al2O3NPs altered the histoarchitecture in various fish tissues.
|
['Aluminum Oxide', 'Animals', 'Brain', 'Gills', 'Intestines', 'Kidney', 'Microscopy, Electron, Transmission', 'Muscles', 'Nanoparticles', 'Tilapia', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 29,544,187
|
[['D01.056.050', 'D01.650.550.050'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['A13.421'], ['A03.556.124'], ['A05.810.453'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.580', 'E05.595.402.580'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['J01.637.512.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.602.200.800'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Occlusal stabilization appliances. Evidence of their efficacy.
|
BACKGROUND: There is substantial controversy regarding the value of occlusal appliances for managing temporomandibular joint disorders. This article specifically assesses whether the evidence is sufficient to judge occlusal appliances as being efficacious for the management of localized masticatory myalgia, arthralgia or both. A major confounder is that few studies have measured or evaluated whether subjects had strong, ongoing parafunctional activity (such as clenching or grinding) and whether appliances influenced this behavior.LITERATURE REVIEWED: The authors evaluated four placebo-controlled studies, several randomized wait-list controlled studies and several random-assignment treatment-comparison studies. Data from the wait-list condition studies vs. those from the occlusal appliance condition studies consistently suggested that the latter treatment's effect on patient symptom level is far more than that of no treatment on a wait-list group's condition. In contrast, the studies on placebo-controlled vs. occlusal appliance studies yielded a mix of data: two showed a positive benefit of occlusal vs. nonoccluding appliances, and two showed a null effect or no difference.CONCLUSIONS: Considering all of the available data (pro and con), the authors conclude that the use of occlusal appliances in managing localized masticatory myalgia, arthralgia or both is sufficiently supported by evidence in the literature.CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The mechanism of action by which occlusal appliances affect localized myalgia and arthralgia probably is behavioral modification of jaw clenching. However, if the behavior continues unabated, even the best splint will not work.
|
['Arthralgia', 'Bruxism', 'Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic', 'Equipment Design', 'Facial Pain', 'Humans', 'Masticatory Muscles', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscular Diseases', 'Occlusal Splints', 'Placebo Effect', 'Placebos', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'Temporomandibular Joint Disorders', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 11,433,856
|
[['C05.550.091', 'C23.888.592.612.094', 'F02.830.816.444.350', 'G11.561.790.444.350'], ['C07.793.099', 'F01.145.466.132', 'F01.470.315.500'], ['N05.715.350.240', 'N06.850.490.718'], ['E05.320'], ['C23.888.592.612.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.633.567.600', 'A14.530'], ['G11.427.494'], ['C05.651', 'C10.668.491'], ['E07.858.442.743.829'], ['N05.715.350.350.625', 'N06.850.490.734.875'], ['D26.660', 'E02.785'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500'], ['C05.500.607.221.897', 'C05.550.905', 'C05.651.243.897', 'C07.320.610.291.897', 'C07.678'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Distribution of Acinetobacter species on human skin: comparison of phenotypic and genotypic identification methods.
|
At least 19 genomic species are recognized as constituting the genus Acinetobacter. However, little is known about the natural reservoirs of the various members of the genus. An epidemiological study was therefore performed to investigate the colonization with Acinetobacter spp. of the skin and mucous membranes of 40 patients hospitalized in a cardiology ward and 40 healthy controls. Single samples were obtained once from each of nine different body sites, i.e., forehead, ear, nose, throat, axilla, hand, groin, perineum, and toe web. Identification of Acinetobacter isolates was achieved by using phenotypic properties and was compared to identification by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis. Selected isolates were further investigated with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, ribotyping, and DNA-DNA hybridization. Plasmid profile analysis was used for epidemiological typing. Thirty patients (75%) and 17 controls (42.5%) were found to be colonized with Acinetobacter spp., and the colonization rates of patients increased during their hospital stay. The most frequently isolated species were Acinetobacter lwoffii (47%), A. johnsonii (21%), A. radioresistens (12%), and DNA group 3 (11%). In contrast, A. baumannii and DNA group 13TU, the most important nosocomial Acinetobacter spp., were found only rarely on human skin (0.5 and 1%, respectively) and their natural habitat remains to be defined. A good correlation between phenotypic and genotypic methods for identification of Acinetobacter spp. was observed, and only two isolates could not be assigned to any of the known DNA groups.
|
['Acinetobacter', 'Acinetobacter Infections', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Female', 'Genotype', 'Germany', 'Hospitals, University', 'Humans', 'Inpatients', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mucous Membrane', 'Organ Specificity', 'Phenotype', 'Plasmids', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Reference Values', 'Restriction Mapping', 'Skin']
| 9,350,741
|
[['B03.440.400.425.537.050', 'B03.660.250.530.050'], ['C01.150.252.400.560.022'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D12.776.097'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['G05.380'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['N02.278.020.300.310', 'N02.278.421.639.725'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.643.470'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A10.615.550'], ['G07.650'], ['G05.695'], ['G05.360.600'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.393.183.620.650', 'E05.393.712'], ['A17.815']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Low frequency of autoantibodies to the human Na(+)/I(-) symporter in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease.
|
Several studies suggest that the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) may represent a major autoantigen in autoimmune diseases of the thyroid. The aim of the present paper was to investigate the importance of autoantibodies to human NIS (hNIS-Ab) in patients suffering from Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and Graves' disease (GD). Full-length human NIS (hNIS) was cloned from thyroid tissue, expressed by in vitro transcription and translation in the presence of [(35)S]methionine, and used to analyze autoantibodies in a direct binding assay. The structurally similar glucose transporter, GLUT-2, was produced in the same system as control protein. Autoradiography revealed that full-length hNIS was expressed, recognized by a NIS monoclonal antibody, and strongly bound by some sera from patients with autoimmune thyroid disease, which did not react with the GLUT-2 control protein. Using the 95.2th percentile of healthy controls as threshold for positivity, 19 of 177 (10.7%) patients with GD and 15 of 72 (20.8%) patients with HT had hNIS-Ab, respectively. Applying more stringent cut-off criteria (99.4th percentile of normal controls), hNIS-Ab were found in only 5.6% of patients with GD and 6. 9% of patients with HT. In HT significantly higher hNIS-Ab levels were observed compared with GD and normal controls (P: < 0.001). There was no correlation between hNIS-Ab and TSH receptor antibodies and only a weak correlation to thyroid peroxidase antibodies (P: < 0. 05). Comparison of hNIS-Ab, thyroid peroxidase, and TSH receptor antibodies in individual sera revealed that the additional detection of hNIS-Ab did not increase the diagnostic power for GD or HT. Our data indicate that hNIS is not a major antigen in autoimmune thyroid disease, as it is the target of humoral autoimmunity in only a few patients with GD and HT. The frequency of hNIS-Ab may be lower than that reported in previous studies.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Antibody Formation', 'Autoantibodies', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Female', 'Graves Disease', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Middle Aged', 'Radioligand Assay', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Symporters', 'Thyroiditis, Autoimmune']
| 11,134,119
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G12.450.050.370.250'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323'], ['D12.776.157'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['C11.675.349.500', 'C19.874.283.605', 'C19.874.397.370', 'C20.111.555'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.543'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.225.985', 'E01.370.374.650', 'E01.370.384.720', 'E05.200.985'], ['D12.776.828'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.625', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625'], ['C19.874.871.102', 'C20.111.809']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Putative inhibitory effects of chrysotile, crocidolite, and amosite mineral fibers on the more complex surface membrane glycolipids and glycoproteins.
|
Syrian hamster embryo cells were treated with galactose oxidase, followed by reduction with tritiated sodium borohydride at pH 7.4. The labeling patterns of galactosyl and N-acetyl galactosaminyl residues on the cell surface were altered in comparing scraped vs. unscraped and buffer vs. media-soaked cells treated with galactose oxidase. From these preliminary studies, the procedure to be used in most of the asbestos treatment studies was to treat cells in situ, in buffer with galactose oxidase, and then to label treated scraped cells with NaB(3)H(4). After 20 hr interaction between chrysotile asbestos and Syrian hamster cell cultures, an alteration in surface labeling of glycolipids and glycoproteins was observed. Tritiated disialogangliosides (G(Dla)) and the higher molecular weight labeled glycoproteins were significantly reduced by asbestos treatment. Similar chrysotile asbestos-treated cultures were grown in monolayers in MEM (Eagles) with 10% fetal bovine serum for 2, 24, 48, and 72 hr and then surface-labeled with galactose oxidase-. NaB(3)H(4) in phosphate buffer. Little or no difference was observed between surface-labeled lipid or protein distribution in untreated cells and those treated with asbestos for 2 hr. Asbestos-induced polar and neutral glycolipid pattern changes were observed at 24, 48, and 72 hr. Disialo- and trisialogangliosides (the more complex gangliosides) were decreased 85%, whereas globoside GL-4 was decreased by 60% at 72 hr. An overall decrease of labeled glycoproteins was observed at 24-48 hr. By 72 hr there was a complete loss of labeled protein bands with 80,000 dalton molecular mass. Since the changes in glycoproteins and glycolipids occur only after extended exposure of the cells to asbestos, the present studies support the concept that a metabolic rather than immediate masking effect is involved. Comparisons of treatment of Syrian hamster embryo cells with various asbestos fibers for 48 hr in the order of decreasing reduction in complex gangliosides were crocidolite>chrysotile (intermediate)>amosite. Effects of the above fibers on high molecular weight glycoproteins labeling followed the same order. The labeling pattern is reminiscent of the increased simplification of glycolipids and glycoproteins found in transformed cells. In the case of asbestos which appears to have no independent mutagenic capability, it is more likely that the membrane changes induced by asbestos serve to allow other mutagens to pass into the cell so as to act on the nuclear structure.
|
['Animals', 'Asbestos', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cricetinae', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Embryo, Mammalian', 'Glycolipids', 'Glycoproteins', 'Membrane Lipids', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Mesocricetus']
| 7,389,680
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.578.725.050', 'D01.837.725.700.760.070'], ['A11.251'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['A16.254'], ['D09.400.410', 'D10.390'], ['D09.400.430', 'D12.776.395'], ['D10.570'], ['D12.776.543'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Preparation and analysis of pure type II collagen from porcine articular cartilage].
|
This investigation was aimed at the preparation of pure type II collagen from porcine articular cartilage and the feasible method for producing type II collagen in bulk. After dispersal of the porcine articular cartilage, the proteoglycans were extracted by guanidinium hydrochloride and dissolved by pepsin in acid solvent. The contaminants including denatured and degraded protein and other collagen was removed via the repeated procedure of purification. For obtaining the purer type II collagen, the chromatography with sepharose H. P. Column was also used. The purity of the sample was compared with the type II collagen produced by Sigma Company. Both type II collagens were characterized by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, amino acid analysis and maximal violet chromatography, and all of the results accorded with the standard photograph in the references. The purity of the sample was higher than that of the product of Sigma Company. This prepared collagen of type II is a product of high purity. The raw materials are the common porcine articular cartilage, which is rich in resource and low in cost. Therefore, it is suitable to produce type II collagen in batches.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Animals', 'Cartilage, Articular', 'Collagen Type II', 'Swine']
| 11,791,316
|
[['D12.125'], ['B01.050'], ['A02.165.407.150', 'A02.835.583.192'], ['D05.750.078.280.300.200', 'D12.776.860.300.250.300.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Renal degradation of insulin in patients with renal hypertension.
|
Renal processing of insulin was studied over plasma insulin levels of 5-80 mU/l by renal vein catheterization in 14 patients. Kidneys of patients with a normal GFR removed around 30% of the insulin from arterial plasma. In 6 patients having unilateral renal artery stenosis but only moderately impaired renal blood flow and unchanged PAH-extraction, a higher or unchanged fractional insulin extraction was seen in all but one, compared with the contralateral kidney. Due to the high fractional extraction of insulin by the kidneys with renal artery stenosis, a preserved total insulin uptake by these kidneys was seen. In 4 patients with renal hypoplasia (2 of them had renal artery stenosis) low values for insulin extraction and insulin uptake were seen on the affected side. One patient with chronic pyelonephritis and uremia had an extremely low renal insulin extraction and uptake. The results suggest that estimation of renal insulin extraction may be an important renal functional test in renovascular patients.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Blood Glucose', 'Female', 'Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Renal', 'Insulin', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Renal Artery Obstruction', 'Renal Circulation']
| 6,346,475
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['E01.370.390.400.300', 'G08.852.357'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.331', 'C13.351.968.419.331', 'C14.907.489.631'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['A05.810.453'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C12.777.419.775', 'C13.351.968.419.775', 'C14.907.137.727'], ['G08.852.725', 'G09.330.100.812']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Patterns of healthy lifestyle behaviours in older adults: Findings from the Chilean National Health Survey 2009-2010.
|
The purpose of this study was to investigate healthy lifestyle behaviours across age categories in the older population in Chile. Data from 1390 older adults (?60 years), in the 2009-2010 Chilean National Health Survey were analyzed. We derived the following age categories: 60-65, 66-70, 71-75, 76-80 and >80 years. The associations between age and compliance with healthy lifestyle behaviours (smoking, sitting time, physical activity, sleep duration and intake of salt, alcohol, fruit and vegetables) were investigated using logistic regression. The probability of meeting the guidelines for alcohol intake (OR trend: 1.35 [95% CI: 1.11; 1.64], p = 0.001) and smoking (OR trend: 1.23 [95% CI: 1.13; 1.33], p < 0.0001) increased with age, whereas spending <4 h per day sitting time or engaging in at least 150 min of physical activity per week or sleep on average between 7 and 9 h per day were less likely to be met with increasing age (OR trend: 0.77 [95% CI: 0.71; 0.83], p < 0.000; OR trend: 0.73 [95% CI: 0.67; 0.79], p < 0.0001, and OR trend: 0.89 [95% CI: 0.82; 0.96], p = 0.002, respectively). No significant trend across age categories was observed for fruit and vegetables, and salt intake. The probability of meeting at least 3 out of 7 healthy lifestyle behaviours across the age categories was also lower in older age categories compared to those aged 60 to 65 years. Overall, in older adults the probability of having the healthy lifestyle behaviours of physical activity, sitting time and sleeping behaviours was low but not for smoking or alcohol consumption. With an increasingly ageing population, these findings could inform stakeholders on which lifestyle behaviours could be targeted in the older adults and therefore which interventions should take place to promote healthy ageing.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Chile', 'Diet', 'Exercise', 'Female', 'Fruit', 'Health Surveys', 'Healthy Lifestyle', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Odds Ratio', 'Sedentary Behavior', 'Sleep', 'Smoking', 'Vegetables']
| 30,292,772
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['Z01.107.757.235'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['F01.829.458.205'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['F01.145.749', 'F01.829.458.705'], ['F02.830.855', 'G11.561.803'], ['F01.145.805'], ['B01.650.160.956', 'B01.650.510.956', 'G07.203.300.850', 'J02.500.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Changes in birth weight between 2002 and 2012 in Guangzhou, China.
|
BACKGROUND: Recent surveillance data suggest that mean birth weight has begun to decline in several developed countries. The aim of this study is to examine the changes in birth weight among singleton live births from 2002 to 2012 in Guangzhou, one of the most rapidly developed cities in China.METHODS: We used data from the Guangzhou Perinatal Health Care and Delivery Surveillance System for 34108 and 54575 singleton live births with 28-41 weeks of gestation, who were born to local mothers, in 2002 and 2012, respectively. The trends in birth weight, small (SGA) and large (LGA) for gestational age and gestational length were explored in the overall population and gestational age subgroups.RESULTS: The mean birth weight decreased from 3162 g in 2002 to 3137 g in 2012 (crude mean difference, -25 g; 95% CI, -30 to -19). The adjusted change in mean birth weight appeared to be slight (-6 g from 2002 to 2012) after controlling for maternal age, gestational age, educational level, parity, newborn's gender and delivery mode. The percentages of SGA and LGA in 2012 were 0.6% and 1.5% lower than those in 2002, respectively. The mean gestational age dropped from 39.2 weeks in 2002 to 38.9 weeks in 2012. In the stratified analysis, we observed the changes in birth weight differed among gestational age groups. The mean birth weight decreased among very preterm births (28-31 weeks), while remained relatively stable among other gestational age subcategories.CONCLUSIONS: Among local population in Guangzhou from 2002 to 2012, birth weight appeared to slightly decrease. The percentage of SGA and LGA also simultaneously dropped, indicating that newborns might gain a healthier weight for gestational age.
|
['Adult', 'Birth Weight', 'China', 'Female', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Small for Gestational Age', 'Live Birth', 'Male', 'Maternal Age', 'Parity', 'Pregnancy', 'Premature Birth', 'Time Factors']
| 25,531,295
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C23.888.144.186', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.186', 'E05.041.124.160.750.149', 'G07.100.100.160.120.186', 'G07.345.249.314.120.186'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.703.520.460.560'], ['G08.686.784.769.496.249'], ['G08.686.560', 'N05.715.350.075.550', 'N06.850.490.250.550'], ['G08.686.677', 'G08.686.784.769.472', 'N06.850.490.812.600'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.420.491.500'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Pectinolytic enzymes of large rumen treponemes.
|
Large spiral organisms isolated from the rumen of cattle produced and released into the external environment a complex of pectinolytic enzymes, consisting mainly of poly(1,4-alpha-D-galacturonide) lyase (EC 4.2.2.2, formerly EC 4.2.99.3), most active at pH 8.0 to 9.0, and another enzyme acting at pH below 7.0, probably a poly(1,4-alpha-D-galacturonide) glycanohydrolase (EC 3.2.1.15). The mixture of enzymes degraded polygalacturonate to saturated and unsaturated monogalacturonates as the end products. A pectin pectylhydrolase (pectinesterase) (EC 3.1.1.11) was also present in the clarified cultures.
|
['Animals', 'Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases', 'Cattle', 'Edetic Acid', 'Glycoside Hydrolases', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Pectins', 'Polygalacturonase', 'Polysaccharide-Lyases', 'Rumen', 'Substrate Specificity', 'Treponema', 'Uronic Acids']
| 32,839
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.277.352.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D02.092.782.258.368.250', 'D02.241.081.018.253'], ['D08.811.277.450'], ['G02.300'], ['D05.750.078.738', 'D09.698.670', 'D20.215.784.500.618'], ['D08.811.277.450.800'], ['D08.811.520.241.700'], ['A13.869.804'], ['G02.111.835'], ['B03.440.425.410.711.795', 'B03.851.595.795'], ['D02.241.081.844.915', 'D02.241.152.811', 'D02.241.511.902.915', 'D09.811.922']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pistillody mutant reveals key insights into stamen and pistil development in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).
|
BACKGROUND: The pistillody mutant wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plant HTS-1 exhibits homeotic transformation of stamens into pistils or pistil-like structures. Unlike common wheat varieties, HTS-1 produces three to six pistils per floret, potentially increasing the yield. Thus, HTS-1 is highly valuable in the study of floral development in wheat. In this study, we conducted RNA sequencing of the transcriptomes of the pistillody stamen (PS) and the pistil (P) from HTS-1 plants, and the stamen (S) from the non-pistillody control variety Chinese Spring TP to gain insights into pistil and stamen development in wheat.RESULTS: Approximately 40 Gb of processed reads were obtained from PS, P, and S. De novo assembly yielded 121,210 putative unigenes, with a mean length of 695 bp. Among these high-quality unigenes, 59,199 (48.84%) had at least one significant match with an existing gene model. A total of 23, 263, and 553 differentially expressed genes were identified in PS vs. P, PS vs. S, and P vs. S, respectively, with differences in expression greater than five-fold. Among the differentially expressed genes, 206 were highly correlated with stamen and pistil development. These genes include WM27B, DL, YAB1, YABBY4, WM 5, CER 1, and WBLH1, which have been implicated in flower development. The expression patterns of 25 differentially expressed genes were confirmed through quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR.CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of this transcriptome resource enabled us to characterize gene expression profiles, examine differential gene expression, and produce a candidate gene list related to wheat stamen and pistil development. This work is significant for the development of genomic resources for wheat, and provides important insights into the molecular mechanisms of wheat stamen and pistil development.
|
['Computational Biology', 'Flowers', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Genes, Plant', 'High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing', 'Molecular Sequence Annotation', 'Mutation', 'Phenotype', 'Transcriptome', 'Triticum']
| 25,886,815
|
[['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['A18.024.249.500'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308.375'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.393', 'G05.360.340.365.500'], ['E05.393.760.319'], ['E05.393.760.479', 'L01.453.245.667.580'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.695'], ['G02.111.873.750', 'G05.297.700.750', 'G05.360.920'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.918']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Investigations on the mechanism of liver tumour induction by peroxisome proliferators.
|
Further understanding of the mechanism by which peroxisome proliferators induce liver tumours is essential to assessing the risks of such compounds to exposed humans. To this end the effects of nafenopin upon the liver have been investigated. Nafenopin was shown to induce certain drug metabolising enzymes, but sub-cellular fractions from induced animals did not form reactive metabolites which could be detected as mutagens. Nafenopin treatment slightly increased the rate of alkaline elution of hepatic nuclear DNA from polycarbonate filters. However, simultaneous administration of sodium glycolate to stimulate H2O2 production or pyrazole to inhibit catalase activity had no further effects. These findings demonstrate that nafenopin is not activated to a mutagen and argue against the hypothesis that indirect DNA damage as a result of excess H2O2 production is responsible for tumour induction.
|
['7-Alkoxycoumarin O-Dealkylase', 'Animals', 'Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System', 'DNA', 'Enzyme Induction', 'Glycolates', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Liver Neoplasms, Experimental', 'Male', 'Microbodies', 'Nafenopin', 'Oxygenases', 'Propionates', 'Pyrazoles', 'Rats']
| 3,495,251
|
[['D08.811.682.690.708.170.010.024'], ['B01.050'], ['D08.244.453', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170', 'D12.776.422.220.453'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G05.308.320.200'], ['D02.241.081.018.386', 'D02.241.511.316'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['C04.588.274.623.460', 'C04.619.540', 'C06.301.623.460', 'C06.552.697.580', 'E05.598.500.496.750'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.500.585', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.190.755'], ['D02.241.081.751.512'], ['D08.811.682.690'], ['D02.241.081.751', 'D10.251.400.706'], ['D03.383.129.539'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
VO2max, protocol duration, and the VO2 plateau.
|
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare VO2max, VO2-time slopes at the end of the protocol (last 30 s), and the presence of a VO2 plateau (VO2-time slope < 0.05 L.min(-1) during the last 30 s) across four protocol durations (5, 8, 12, and 16 min) during incremental cycling exercise to VO2max.METHODS: Eight male (23.8 +/- 3.2 yr) and eight female (26.0 +/- 8.9 yr) subjects of moderate to high fitness levels participated in the study.RESULTS: VO2max was significantly higher in men than in women for each protocol duration, with main effect means of 4.23 versus 2.84 L.min(-1), respectively. For women, VO2max did not differ between any protocol duration. For men, VO2max for the 8-min protocol (4.44 +/- 0.39 L.min(-1)) was significantly higher than for all other protocol durations. Analysis of covariance, using the highest VO2max as the covariate, removed all protocol-duration significance for men. The VO2 slope for the final 30 s of each test was significantly lower for the 16-min protocol compared with the 5-min protocol, for both men and women. The ventilation threshold across four protocols was similar, at approximately 76% of VO2max for both men and women.CONCLUSIONS: The protocol duration of tests to VO2max should be between 8 and 10 min for healthy, moderately to highly trained subjects.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Exercise Test', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Maximal Voluntary Ventilation', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'United States', 'Ventilation']
| 17,596,788
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.386.700.660.500', 'G09.772.650.630'], ['G03.680'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['N06.230.150.520']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Mortality in Malaysians with systemic lupus erythematosus.
|
One hundred and two patients attending the systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) clinic of the Department of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, were studied retrospectively to determine their survival rates and causes of death. There were 21 deaths. The 1, 5, and 10 year survival rates were 93%, 86% and 70% respectively. There was a bimodal pattern of mortality with more patients dying in the first 2 years or after 5 years of disease. Infection was the direct cause of death in 52% and contributed to a further 19% of deaths. Patients with lupus nephritis had a higher relative risk (RR) of death (RR = 4.34, p < 0.02) although there was no significant increase in risk with any particular histological type on biopsy. Cerebral lupus (RR = 3.08, p < 0.001) and methylprednisolone treatment (RR = 6.24, p < 0.001) were also associated with increased risk of death. Increased awareness of infection and earlier use of antibiotic therapy may improve survival of patients suffering from SLE.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Cause of Death', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic', 'Male', 'Risk Factors']
| 10,968,030
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.250', 'N01.224.935.698.100', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.250', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C17.300.480', 'C20.111.590'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Chronic actinic dermatitis: an immunohistologic and photobiologic study.
|
Photobiologic, histologic, and immunohistochemical findings in 14 patients with chronic actinic dermatitis were compared. Grading of routine histologic features of involved skin demonstrated a spectrum of abnormalities ranging from changes resembling chronic dermatitis to those of cutaneous T cell lymphoma. Immunohistochemical staining showed dermal infiltrates to consist predominantly of T lymphocytes, with a significant trend toward lower CD4+/CD8+ ratios in cases with more florid histologic findings. Circulating CD4+/CD8+ cell ratios were normal in five patients and reduced in one patient. Photosensitivity extending to wavelengths longer than 340 nm was detected in eight patients, but the spectrum of photobiologic abnormality did not appear to correlate with either grading of histologic severity or variation in T cell subsets in lesional skin.
|
['Aged', 'Cell Count', 'Chronic Disease', 'Eczema', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patch Tests', 'Photosensitivity Disorders', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Ultraviolet Rays']
| 2,808,833
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['C17.800.174.620', 'C17.800.815.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.225.812.871.610', 'E05.200.812.871.610', 'E05.478.594.890.610'], ['C17.800.600'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Anterior cingulate cortex activation is related to learning potential on the WCST in schizophrenia patients.
|
The remediation of executive function in patients with schizophrenia is important in rehabilitation because these skills affect the patient's capacity to function in the community. There is evidence that instructional techniques can improve deficits in the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) in some schizophrenia patients. We used a standard test/training phase/standard test format of the WCST to classify 36 schizophrenia patients as high-achievers, learners or non-retainers. All healthy controls performed as high-achievers. An event-related fMRI design assessed neural activation patterns during post-training WCST performance. Patients showed a linear trend between set-shifting related activation in the anterior cingulate cortex and learning potential, i.e. increased activation in high-achievers, a trend for increased activation in learners, and no activation in non-retainers compared to controls. In addition, activation in the temporoparietal cortex was highest in patients classified as learners, whereas in non-retainers activation was increased in the inferior frontal gyrus compared to controls and high-achieving patients. These results emphasize the relevance of the ACC's neural integrity in learning set-shifting strategies for patients with schizophrenia. Also, our results support the hypothesis that compensatory neural activation in patients with schizophrenia helps them to catch up with healthy controls on cognitive tasks.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Frontal Lobe', 'Gyrus Cinguli', 'Humans', 'Learning', 'Male', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Schizophrenia', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Young Adult']
| 22,554,566
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270'], ['A08.186.211.180.590.500', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.382.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['F04.711.513'], ['F03.700.750'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The cost-effective use of nebulized racemic epinephrine in the treatment of croup.
|
Recent studies have shown that discharging to home an emergency department (ED) patient with croup if the patient is clinically stable 3 to 4 hours after being treated with nebulized racemic epinephrine (NRE) is safe and cost-effective. The objective of this study was to determine if EDs in our geographic area are using NRE cost-effectively in the management of croup. A survey was mailed to the ED medical directors of 23 hospitals in Ohio, Kentucky, and Indiana within a 150-mile radius of our teaching/referral children's hospital. All the hospitals surveyed were community hospitals with EDs and in-patient pediatric units. The survey presented a 2-year-old with a croup-like illness and stridor at rest whom they have just treated with NRE and dexamethasone. The medical directors were asked what their disposition would be once the NRE therapy has been completed: automatically admit, transfer, discharge immediately, or observe for 3 to 4 hours and if stable at that time discharge to home with follow-up. Seven (30%) indicated they would automatically admit, compared with 16 (70%) who indicated they would observe for 3 to 4 hours (P = .06). This article discusses potential reasons that 30% of the ED medical directors in our geographic area would automatically admit these patients rather than observe for signs of improvement that could lead to safe discharge and resultant cost savings.
|
['Child, Preschool', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Croup', 'Data Collection', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Emergency Treatment', 'Epinephrine', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Midwestern United States', 'Nebulizers and Vaporizers', "Practice Patterns, Physicians'", 'Racepinephrine']
| 9,451,322
|
[['M01.060.406.448'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['C08.360.535.365', 'C09.400.535.365'], ['E05.318.308', 'L01.399.250', 'N05.715.360.300', 'N06.850.520.308'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['E02.365'], ['D02.033.100.291.310', 'D02.092.063.291.310', 'D02.092.211.215.454', 'D02.092.311.461', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.461'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.875.510'], ['E07.605'], ['N04.590.374.577', 'N05.300.625'], ['D02.033.100.291.310.500', 'D02.092.063.291.310.500', 'D02.092.211.215.454.700', 'D02.092.311.461.825', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.461.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Streptococcus suis type 2 in swine. An imported problem?].
|
Investigations were carried out on eighteen farms in the Province of Gelderland to determine whether it was possible to use biopsy specimens of the tonsils to differentiate between farms with clinical problems caused by Streptococcus suis type 2 and farms without these problems. The proportion of carriers of this organism on the farms was 14 per cent and 2 per cent respectively, so that this differentiation is feasible. It was also studied whether this proportion differed on farms which imported pigs from Great Britain and farms which did not do so; the proportion of carriers on farms having animals imported from Great Britain was found to be higher than that on farms not using these importations, viz., 17 per cent and one per cent respectively.
|
['Animals', 'Carrier State', 'Netherlands', 'Streptococcus', 'Swine', 'United Kingdom']
| 3,603,534
|
[['B01.050'], ['N06.850.520.169'], ['Z01.542.651'], ['B03.353.750.737.872', 'B03.510.400.800.872', 'B03.510.550.737.872'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['Z01.542.363']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids intake and dietary sources in a representative sample of Spanish adults.
|
The present study analyzes the intake of omega 3 (n-3 PUFAs) and omega 6 (n-6 PUFAs) and dietary sources in a representative sample of Spanish adults. For this purpose 418 adults (18 - 60 y), from 15 Spanish provinces were studied. The intake of energy and nutrients [specifically, the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs,) á-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA); and the n-6 PUFA, linoleic acid (LA)] was determined using a 24-hour recall questionnaire for two days. The Multiple Source Method (MSM) was used to estimate participants usual fatty acid intake. The total n-3 PUFAs intake was 1.8 ± 0.60 g/day (ALA: 1.3 ± 0.32, EPA: 0.16 ± 0.14, and DHA: 0.33 ± 0.21 g/day) and n-6 PUFA intake was 11.0 ± 2.7 g/day (LA: 10.8 ± 2.7 g/day). A high proportion of participants did not meet their nutrient intake goals for total n-3 PUFAs (84.7 %), ALA (45.0 %), and EPA plus DHA (62.9 %). The main food sources for ALA were oil, dairy products, and meat; for EPA fish; for DHA, fish, eggs, and meat; and for LA, oils, meat, and cereals. Therefore, an increase in the intake of foods rich in n-3 PUFAs or the use of supplements with n-3 PUFAs might help to improve the n-3 PUFA intake.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Blood Pressure', 'Diet', 'Fatty Acids, Omega-3', 'Fatty Acids, Omega-6', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Spain']
| 24,220,163
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['D10.212.302.380.410', 'D10.251.355.337', 'D10.627.430.450'], ['D10.251.355.343'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.542.846']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
A procedure to deliver herpes simplex virus to the murine trigeminal ganglion.
|
Although initial herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections of the cornea are relatively easily treated, recurrent infections following reactivation of latent virus in the sensory ganglion cells are more difficult to treat. Untreated infections may result in severe consequences, including corneal scarring, glaucoma, and encephalitis. To develop such treatments, an experimental in vivo model was needed in which HSV can be applied directly to trigeminal ganglion cells. We have previously developed such a model to examine the mechanisms of HSV spread from trigeminal neurons to corneal epithelial cells. The current paper describes in detail the technical steps required for implementation of that model. Immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy have been used to validate the efficacy of the described procedures. This technique will be useful for future in vivo studies of neurotrophic viral infections of trigeminal ganglion cells.
|
['Animals', 'Chlorocebus aethiops', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Herpes Simplex', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Microbiological Techniques', 'Microinjections', 'Simplexvirus', 'Trigeminal Ganglion', 'Vero Cells', 'Virology']
| 12,928,046
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.126.110'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['C01.925.256.466.382', 'C01.925.825.320', 'C17.800.838.790.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['E01.370.225.875', 'E05.200.875'], ['E02.319.267.530.690', 'E05.591.570'], ['B04.280.382.100.750'], ['A08.340.390.850', 'A08.800.350.850', 'A08.800.800.120.760.825'], ['A11.251.210.955', 'A11.436.955'], ['H01.158.273.540.859']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Correspondence between plasma mevalonic acid levels and deuterium uptake in measuring human cholesterol synthesis.
|
To assess the validity of two techniques capable of identifying immediate changes in human cholesterol production, plasma mevalonic acid levels and the rate of uptake of deuterium into plasma free cholesterol were compared in 5 healthy individuals over 48 h. The free-living subjects self-selected three meals per day prior to and during study. At t = 0, deuterium oxide was administered orally. Blood samples were collected before and every 4 h after dosing. Total cholesterol and mevalonic acid levels were determined in plasma at each timepoint. Deuterium enrichment changes in plasma free cholesterol, relative to plasma water content, were used to calculate free cholesterol fractional synthetic rates (FSR) at each timepoint. Total plasma cholesterol levels remained constant, whereas significant circadian rhythmicity was observed in both plasma mevalonic acid and deuterium uptake methods, with nadir and peak formation rates indicated at 14.00 to 16.00 h and about midnight, respectively. It is suggested that plasma mevalonic acid levels and free cholesterol deuterium uptake rate techniques are both suitable techniques for short-term measurement of human cholesterol synthesis.
|
['Adult', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Cholesterol', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Deuterium', 'Humans', 'Linear Models', 'Male', 'Mevalonic Acid', 'Reproducibility of Results']
| 1,459,177
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['D01.268.406.500', 'D01.362.340.500', 'D01.496.289'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['D02.241.511.579'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
An investigation into the health-related quality of life of individuals living with HIV who are receiving HAART.
|
The health authorities have recently accepted the routine provision of highly active antiretroviral therapy to persons living with AIDS in South Africa. There is a need to investigate the impact of HAART on the health-related quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in a resource-poor environment, as this will have an influence on compliance and treatment outcome. The aim of this study was to explore whether HAART is efficacious in improving the self-reported health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in a group of PWLA in WHO Stages 3 and 4 living in a resource-poor community. A quasi-experimental, prospective repeated measures design was used to monitor the HRQoL over time in participants recruited to an existing HAART programme. The HRQoL of 117 participants was determined through the use of the Xhosa version of the EQ-5D and measurements were taken at baseline, one, six and 12 months. At the time of the 12-month questionnaire, 95 participants had been on HAART for 12 months. Not all participants attended all follow-up visits, but only two participants had withdrawn from the HAART programme, after two or three months. At baseline, the rank order of problems reported in all domains of the EQ-5D was significantly greater than at 12 months. The mean score on the global rating of health status increased significantly (p < 0.001) from a mean of 61.7 (SD = 22.7) at baseline to 76.1 at 12 months (SD = 18.5) It is concluded that, even in a resource-poor environment, HRQoL can be greatly improved by HAART, and that the possible side effects of the drugs seem to have a negligible impact on the wellbeing of the subjects. This bodes well for the anticipated roll-out of HAART within the public health sector in South Africa.
|
['Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'Health Status Indicators', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Patient Compliance', 'Quality of Life', 'South Africa', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 16,036,244
|
[['E02.319.310.075'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.600', 'F01.145.488.887.500.600', 'N05.300.150.800.500.600'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['Z01.058.290.175.735'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
A double embedding technique for the electron microscopic analysis of the liver acinus.
|
A double embedding technique allowing accurate and systematic sampling of zones of the hepatic acinus by electron microscopy was developed. The method involved the primary embedding of large (10 mm x 30 mm x 0.5 mm) liver slices and the preparation of 10 micrometers thick tissue sections by means of a rotary microtome with a steel knife. Veins 20--40 micrometers in diameter, the landmarks of the hepatic acinus, were localized by light microscopy, dissected from surrounding tissue and reembedded for ultramicrotomy. The method facilitated the systematic evaluation of hepatocyte ultrastructure in each zone of the microcirculatory unit of the liver, the hepatic acinus.
|
['Animals', 'Female', 'Histological Techniques', 'Liver', 'Liver Circulation', 'Microcirculation', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Microtomy', 'Rats']
| 379,348
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Impingement syndrome following direct injuries of the shoulder joint].
|
Impingement is the most common cause of pain and limitation of movement in the shoulder, with painful arc syndrome its major clinical sign. It usually becomes manifest at between 70 degrees-120 degrees of abduction, but in severe cases, this may be reduced to only 50 degrees-70 degrees. We studied 22 patients who had developed shoulder impingement following direct injuries and who had been treated by anterior acromioplasty and decompression, with an average follow-up of 32 months. 5 had sustained fractures of the greater tuberosity of the humerus at the time of injury, 14 had tears of the rotator cuff of various sizes (1 in both shoulders) and 3 had developed fibrotic scars of the subacromial bursa. Excellent or good results were achieved in 86.6%. Healing time was shorter, and there was return of full range of shoulder movement in those with subacromial scars, undisplaced fractures of the greater tuberosity, or those with a small tear of the rotator cuff. Recovery took longer in those with larger tears of the rotator cuff and in those with displaced fractures of the greater tuberosity. Recovery time was proportional to the size of the rotator cuff tear. It is concluded that direct trauma to the shoulder bears a direct relationship to the development of impingement syndrome, and that at surgery a concomitant tear in the rotator cuff is seen more than 2/3. Because of the high rate of success in surgical treatment of this syndrome, operation is indicated when a few months of physical therapy and analgesics fail to provide relief. In the presence of fractures, decompression surgery should be postponed until the fracture has united.
|
['Acromion', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Fractures, Bone', 'Humans', 'Joint Diseases', 'Rotator Cuff', 'Rotator Cuff Injuries', 'Shoulder Joint', 'Syndrome', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 8,675,117
|
[['A02.835.232.087.783.261'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C26.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.550'], ['A02.633.567.912', 'A02.880.700'], ['C26.761.340', 'C26.803.063', 'C26.874.400'], ['A02.835.583.748'], ['C23.550.288.500'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Adaptive increase of O6-methylguanine-acceptor protein in HeLa cells following N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine treatment.
|
We have assayed in extracts of HeLa cells the amount of acceptor protein that removes O6-methylguanine adducts from alkylated DNA. Cells were treated with single or multiple nontoxic doses of N-methyl-N'-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and the extracts were analyzed up to 32 h after the last exposure. The acceptor activity assayed immediately (1 h) after single exposures decreases linearly with dose indicating that the acceptor protein is used up by endogenous O6-methylguanine adducts in a stoichiometric reaction. Multiple exposures, assayed 8-24 h after the last exposure, increase the amount of acceptor protein in a dose dependent fashion followed by a decrease above a cumulative dose of 100 ng/ml. Under conditions of maximum induction, there are about 300,000 acceptor protein sites per cell, approximately 3 fold above the constitutive level. Both in adapted and unadapted cells the methyl group from O6-methylguanine adducts in the alkylated DNA is transferred to cysteine residues of the acceptor protein(s).
|
['Binding Sites', 'Guanine', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Methylnitronitrosoguanidine', 'Protein Binding']
| 7,133,992
|
[['G02.111.570.120'], ['D03.633.100.759.758.399.454'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D02.078.370.649.400', 'D02.654.567.400'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Thermal decomposition of developing enamel.
|
The decomposition of forming, maturing, and mature enamel was studied between room temperature and 1,000 degrees C by powder X-ray diffraction and infrared absorption methods. In mature dental enamel, carbonate decomposition proceeds relatively fast until 500 degrees C and at a slower rate beyond it. In forming and maturing enamel, decomposition is faster and is completed around 800 degrees C. The formation of beta-Ca3(PO4)2 is observed in dental enamel at 500 degrees C. At 1,000 degrees C, the apatite phase in forming and maturing enamel transforms almost completely to beta-Ca3(PO4)2, whereas in mature enamel, even at 1,000 degrees C, only partial decomposition occurs. Infrared results show the appearance in dental enamel of (1) A-type carbonate at room temperature and in the 500-900 degrees C range, in addition to the commonly observed B-type carbonate, and (2) intermediate CO2 molecules during carbonate decomposition (200-500 degrees C).
|
['Animals', 'Apatites', 'Cattle', 'Dental Enamel', 'Hot Temperature', 'Humans', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Spectrophotometry, Infrared', 'X-Ray Diffraction']
| 2,108,795
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374.075.025', 'D01.146.360.050', 'D01.578.122', 'D01.695.625.675.650.075.025'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A14.549.167.900.255'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481'], ['E05.196.712.726.676', 'E05.196.867.826.676'], ['E05.196.309.742', 'E05.196.822.950', 'G01.867.950', 'G02.965']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Disruption of gamma-glutamyl leukotrienase results in disruption of leukotriene D(4) synthesis in vivo and attenuation of the acute inflammatory response.
|
To study the function of gamma-glutamyl leukotrienase (GGL), a newly identified member of the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) family, we generated null mutations in GGL (GGL(tm1)) and in both GGL and GGT (GGL(tm1)-GGT(tm1)) by a serial targeting strategy using embryonic stem cells. Mice homozygous for GGL(tm1) show no obvious phenotypic changes. Mice deficient in both GGT and GGL have a phenotype similar to the GGT-deficient mice, but approximately 70% of these mice die before 4 weeks of age, at least 2 months earlier than mice deficient only in GGT. These double-mutant mice are unable to cleave leukotriene C(4) (LTC(4)) to LTD(4), indicating that this conversion is completely dependent on the two enzymes, and in some organs (spleen and uterus) deletion of GGL alone abolished more than 90% of this activity. In an experimental model of peritonitis, GGL alone is responsible for the generation of peritoneal LTD(4). Further, during the development of peritonitis, GGL-deficient mice show an attenuation in neutrophil recruitment but not of plasma protein influx. These findings demonstrate an important role for GGL in the inflammatory response and suggest that LTC(4) and LTD(4) have distinctly different functions in the inflammatory process.
|
['Animals', 'Dipeptidases', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Gene Targeting', 'Inflammation', 'Leukotriene D4', 'Mice', 'Mutation']
| 11,463,821
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.277.656.350.297'], ['G05.308'], ['E05.393.335'], ['C23.550.470'], ['D10.251.355.255.100.450.855.461', 'D10.251.355.310.166.887.855.461', 'D23.469.050.175.450.725.415'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G05.365.590']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Contact transmission of distemper virus in ferrets.
|
Distemper virus was transmitted when infected donor ferrets were placed with susceptible ferrets for various contact periods. Distemper was more likely to be transmitted during the later stages of the disease. A positive correlation was found between the length of contact time and the acquisition of infection.
|
['Animals', 'Carnivora', 'Distemper', 'Dogs', 'Ferrets']
| 564,540
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750'], ['C01.925.782.580.600.500.285', 'C22.268.265'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.575.350']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
MISSION esiRNA for RNAi screening in mammalian cells.
|
RNA interference (RNAi) is a basic cellular mechanism for the control of gene expression. RNAi is induced by short double-stranded RNAs also known as small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). The short double-stranded RNAs originate from longer double stranded precursors by the activity of Dicer, a protein of the RNase III family of endonucleases. The resulting fragments are components of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), directing it to the cognate target mRNA. RISC cleaves the target mRNA thereby reducing the expression of the encoded protein(1,2,3). RNAi has become a powerful and widely used experimental method for loss of gene function studies in mammalian cells utilizing small interfering RNAs. Currently two main methods are available for the production of small interfering RNAs. One method involves chemical synthesis, whereas an alternative method employs endonucleolytic cleavage of target specific long double-stranded RNAs by RNase III in vitro. Thereby, a diverse pool of siRNA-like oligonucleotides is produced which is also known as endoribonuclease-prepared siRNA or esiRNA. A comparison of efficacy of chemically derived siRNAs and esiRNAs shows that both triggers are potent in target-gene silencing. Differences can, however, be seen when comparing specificity. Many single chemically synthesized siRNAs produce prominent off-target effects, whereas the complex mixture inherent in esiRNAs leads to a more specific knockdown(10). In this study, we present the design of genome-scale MISSION esiRNA libraries and its utilization for RNAi screening exemplified by a DNA-content screen for the identification of genes involved in cell cycle progression. We show how to optimize the transfection protocol and the assay for screening in high throughput. We also demonstrate how large data-sets can be evaluated statistically and present methods to validate primary hits. Finally, we give potential starting points for further functional characterizations of validated hits.
|
['Animals', 'DNA', 'Genomic Library', 'Humans', 'Mammals', 'RNA Interference', 'RNA, Double-Stranded', 'RNA, Small Interfering']
| 20,467,416
|
[['B01.050'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G05.360.325.425', 'G05.360.340.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['D13.444.735.490', 'G02.111.570.820.486.775', 'G05.360.580.775'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Tumorectomy in conscious patient with suspected pregnancy associated breast cancer under cervical epidural anesthesia].
|
In this report we present a 35 year old pregnant woman (no significant disease in patient history, non smoker, primipara, gestational week 15) who had to undergo elective tumorectomy due to suspected pregnancy associated breast cancer. General anesthesia during pregnancy can potentially be harmful for the fetus (hypoxia, acidosis, premature delivery, teratogenicity). We decided to anesthetize the patient with a cervical segmental epidural block.
|
['Adult', 'Anesthesia, Epidural', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Consciousness', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Pain, Postoperative', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic']
| 15,273,930
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E03.155.086.131'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['F02.463.188.409', 'F02.830.233'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.767.700', 'C23.888.592.612.832'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C04.850', 'C13.703.720']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Effects of bushen tongmai recipe on insulin signaling in insulin resistant rats].
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Bushen Tongmai recipe (BSTMR) on the tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor (InsR) and insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) after insulin stimulation in muscle and fat tissues of insulin resistant (IR) rats induced by high-fat forage.METHODS: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal group (normal forage), model group (high fat forage, in which 61% calories were supplied by fat) and treated group (same forage as model group and treated with BSTMR). All animals were fed for 8 weeks, fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood glucose (BG) levels 1- and 2-hrs after glucose loading were determined routinely, serum fasting insulin (Ins) was determined with radioimmunoassay (RIA) and tyrosine phosphorylation level of InsR and IRS-1 in fatty and muscular tissues was measured by immunoprecipitation and Western blot.RESULTS: Compared with the model group, FBG in the treated group changed insignificantly, but level of Fins decreased markedly (P < 0.01), so the insulin sensitivity index was significantly elevated in the treated group (P < 0.01), levels of BG 1- and 2-hrs after glucose loading in the treated group were greatly improved in comparison with those in the model group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 respectively). Meanwhile, the density of electrophoresis bands of tyrosine phosphorylated InsR and IRS-1 proteins in muscular and fatty tissues in the treated group increased obviously.CONCLUSION: BSTMR could attenuate the insulin resistance in rats, its pharmaceutical mechanisms might be closely related with the elevation of the tyrosine phosphorylation levels of InsR and IRS-1 in muscular and fatty tissues after insulin stimulation, and improvement of insulin signal transduction in target tissues.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Glucose', 'Drugs, Chinese Herbal', 'Insulin', 'Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Male', 'Phosphoproteins', 'Phosphorylation', 'Random Allocation', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Receptor, Insulin', 'Signal Transduction', 'Tyrosine']
| 14,571,618
|
[['B01.050'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['D20.215.784.500.350', 'D26.335'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['D12.644.360.024.301', 'D12.776.157.057.045', 'D12.776.476.024.382'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['D12.776.744'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.200', 'D12.776.543.750.630.484', 'D12.776.543.750.750.580.300'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.125.072.050.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Individually-determined differences in the effects of psychotropic drugs on memory (experiments on rats).
|
Using the methods for "staircase-maze" training with positive (alimentary) reinforcement and "steps down" passive avoidance with punishment (electroshock) reinforcement, we divided the experimental animals into three groups: "good", "intermediate", and "poor" learners. In the course of seven days the animals of the three groups were treated with five substances and were then tested for retention with both methods. Amphetamine at single doses of 0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg was injected s. c. 30 min before the retention test given on the 7th day after the end of training. The other four drugs were administered twice daily throughout the period between the end of training and retention testing (seven days). Adafenoxate was applied at a dose of 10 mg/kg, piracetam at doses of 50, 150, and 300 mg/kg, and aniracetam at doses of 50 and 150 mg/kg--all the three drugs were administered orally; citicholine was injected at doses of 10 and 50 mg/kg i. p. The effects of the substances tested significantly differed depending on the animal's belonging to one or another group. Furthermore, depending on the retention test, the drug tested and the dose used, we observed differences in the effects not only in the different groups but also in one and the same group. Not taking into account the individual capabilities of experimental animals to acquire a retention task might lead to an incorrect characterization of such an important property of psychotropic drugs as their effect on memory process.
|
['Amphetamine', 'Animals', 'Avoidance Learning', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Male', 'Meclofenoxate', 'Memory', 'Piracetam', 'Psychotropic Drugs', 'Pyrrolidinones', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Retention, Psychology']
| 3,125,719
|
[['D02.092.471.683.152.110'], ['B01.050'], ['F02.463.425.097', 'F02.463.785.373.173'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D02.241.081.018.386.682.875', 'D02.241.511.316.495'], ['F02.463.425.540'], ['D02.065.064.650', 'D02.241.081.018.110.650', 'D03.383.773.812.555'], ['D27.505.954.427.700'], ['D03.383.773.812'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['F02.463.425.540.772']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Medical students' perspective on training in anatomy.
|
Gaining sufficient knowledge of anatomy is an important part of medical education. Factors that influence how well students learn anatomical structures include available sources, learning time and study assistance. This study explores the attitude of medical students with regard to studying anatomy and evaluates possibilities for improvement of training in anatomy. Twenty medical students participated in a focus group meeting. Based on this focus group, an online survey consisting of 27 questions was developed and distributed amongst medical students of Maastricht University, the Netherlands. A total of 495 medical students (both Bachelor and Master level) participated in this survey. Master students found studying anatomy less attractive than Bachelor students (36.8% of the Master students vs. 47.9% of the Bachelor students (p=.024)). Although most students responded that they thought it is important to study anatomy, 48% of all students studied anatomy less than 10h per study block of 8 weeks. Only 47.9% of the students rated their knowledge of anatomy as adequate. Students suggested that three-dimensional techniques would help improve their knowledge of anatomy. Therefore investing in three-dimensional tools could prove beneficial in the future.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anatomy', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Audiovisual Aids', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Curriculum', 'Education, Medical, Undergraduate', 'Educational Measurement', 'Female', 'Focus Groups', 'Humans', 'Learning', 'Male', 'Students, Medical', 'Young Adult']
| 29,501,634
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['H01.158.100'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['J01.897.280.500', 'L01.178.820.090'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['I02.158'], ['I02.358.399.450'], ['I02.399'], ['E05.318.308.112', 'N05.715.360.300.269', 'N06.850.520.308.112'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['M01.848.769.602'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Regulation by the cAMP cascade of oxygen free radical balance in mammalian cells.
|
A study is presented of the effect of the cAMP cascade on oxygen metabolism in mammalian cell cultures. Serum-starvation of the cell cultures resulted in depression of the forward NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase activity of complex I, decreased content of glutathione, and enhancement of the cellular level of H2O2. Depressed transcription of cytosolic Cu/Zn-SOD 1, mitochondrial glutathione peroxidase and catalase was also observed. Activation of the cAMP cascade reversed the depression of the activity of complex I and the accumulation of H2O2. The effect of cAMP involved the cAMP-dependent protein kinase.
|
['Animals', 'Catalase', 'Cyclic AMP', 'Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases', 'Cytosol', 'Fibroblasts', 'Free Radicals', 'Glutathione Peroxidase', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'NIH 3T3 Cells', 'Oxygen', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Superoxide Dismutase']
| 16,677,093
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.682.732.332'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.395', 'D13.695.462.200', 'D13.695.667.138.395', 'D13.695.827.068.395'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.150.125', 'D12.644.360.200.125', 'D12.776.476.200.125'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['A11.329.228'], ['D01.339', 'D02.389'], ['D08.811.682.732.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['A11.251.210.100.550', 'A11.329.228.100.550'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['D08.811.682.881']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Phenotype analysis of lymphocytes of workers with chronic benzene poisoning.
|
Lifetime exposure to benzene is associated to a variety of blood disorders, and except for the risk of cancer, almost nothing is known concerning health impairment in individuals who are no longer exposed. In Brazil, this exposure is one of the serious problems in workplaces, and many workers have been laid off their jobs due to this intoxication, particularly in the State of Bahia, the largest producer of benzene in Latin America, which is the area of this study. From a larger study to describe health effects and genetic polymorphisms among workers with chronic benzene poisoning (CBP), this previous specific investigation analyzes the association between CBP and the pattern of sub-populations of lymphocytes. The study was performed with a CBP group (n=24) and a control group with other occupational diseases (n=24); both were selected at the Workers Health Study Center in the State of Bahia, Brazil. Clinical and epidemiologic variables were collected from medical records and from a detailed questionnaire. The average age was similar in the two groups (51.1 and 50.7, respectively). Analyzing the mean proportions of the sub-populations of lymphocytes, statistically significant differences were found for T cytotoxic cells (TCD8) (27.9; 19.4; p=0.002) and T helper memory cell (CD4CD45RO) (31.2; 37.0; p=0.015), respectively, for the CBP group and control group. These results should be viewed with caution because of the small sample size, but they strengthen a previous impression that workers exposed to benzene have their immune system impaired, even in the long term, which may contribute to some disorders and carcinogenesis process. These workers must be strictly followed up in a medical surveillance program. Although this problem has been known for a long time, this is the first attempt to study these specific effects in Brazil.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Benzene', 'Brazil', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Chronic Disease', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Leukocyte Count', 'Lymphocyte Subsets', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Occupational Diseases', 'Phenotype']
| 15,913,788
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.023'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595', 'E05.200.625.107.595', 'E05.242.195.107.595', 'G04.140.107.595', 'G09.188.105.595'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C24'], ['G05.695']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein mediates LPS detoxification by chylomicrons.
|
Chylomicrons have been shown to protect against endotoxin-induced lethality. LPS-binding protein (LBP) is involved in the inactivation of bacterial toxin by lipoproteins. The current study examined the interaction among LBP, chylomicrons, and bacterial toxin. LBP was demonstrated to associate with chylomicrons and enhance the amount of LPS binding to chylomicrons in a dose-dependent fashion. In addition, LBP accelerated LPS binding to chylomicrons. This LBP-induced interaction of LPS with chylomicrons prevented endotoxin toxicity, as demonstrated by reduced cytokine secretion by PBMC. When postprandial circulating concentrations of chylomicrons were compared with circulating levels of low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein, and high density lipoprotein, chylomicrons exceeded the other lipoproteins in LPS-inactivating capacity. Furthermore, highly purified lipoteichoic acid, an immunostimulatory component of Gram-positive bacteria, was detoxified by incubation with LBP and chylomicrons. In conclusion, our results indicate that LBP associates with chylomicrons and enables chylomicrons to rapidly bind bacterial toxin, thereby preventing cell activation. Besides a role in the detoxification of bacterial toxin present in the circulation, we believe that LBP-chylomicron complexes may be part of a local defense mechanism of the intestine against translocated bacterial toxin.
|
['Acute-Phase Proteins', 'Binding Sites', 'Biological Transport', 'Boron Compounds', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Chylomicrons', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Humans', 'Inactivation, Metabolic', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Lipoproteins, HDL', 'Lipoproteins, LDL', 'Lipoproteins, VLDL', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Postprandial Period', 'Teichoic Acids', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 12,538,700
|
[['D12.776.124.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['G03.143'], ['D01.132', 'D02.203'], ['D12.776.157'], ['D10.532.183', 'D12.776.521.242'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G03.171.450', 'G03.787.225.450', 'G07.690.725.225.450'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['D10.532.432', 'D12.776.521.479'], ['D10.532.515', 'D12.776.521.550'], ['D10.532.599', 'D12.776.521.622'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['G10.261.700'], ['D09.408.872', 'D09.698.718.825', 'D09.894.847', 'D23.050.161.616.797'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Changes in bioturbation of iron biogeochemistry and in molecular response of the clam Ruditapes decussates upon Perkinsus olseni infection.
|
A series of artificial microcosms was used to test the effect of clam density on benthic iron biogeochemistry and, subsequently, if the response of clam Ruditapes decussatus to infection with Perkinsus olseni, a common opportunistic parasite known to be iron dependent, was correlated with the dynamics of iron sediment pore waters within the chambers. Three series of benthic microcosms were used in the experiment, comparing similar densities of clams (none, one, two, three, or four individuals/chamber) between a control set (no deliberate infection) and two parallel sets of clams that were deliberately infected with the parasite after 10 days of incubation. Fifteen chambers were used simultaneously and the experiment was conducted for 35 days. In order to avoid spurious effects of differential organic loading and clam feeding efficiency on the oxidative state of the sediment, the iron balance was tentatively shifted during incubation toward decreased dissolved iron in pore water. This was done by applying a constant flow of air to all chambers and refraining from supplying extra organic matter during the experimental run, which led to the reduction of benthic oxygen demand as the experiment progressed. Results showed that microcosms bearing both higher clam densities and lower infection levels were able to exert a quantitative influence in iron biogeochemistry through bioturbation activity. This effect was significantly depressed in chambers hosting clams with high infection levels. In addition, analysis of molecular markers responsive to iron and parasite stress revealed an upper regulation of HSP70 and ferritin in infected clams, thus suggesting a role of those molecules on both host protection and response to parasite presence by limiting iron availability. Together, these findings suggest a correlation between the expression of clam molecular iron/stress markers and iron bioavailability, which can be modified by the presence or absence of Perkinsus infection. In turn, we propose that clam lethargy in response to parasite invasion might help to combat infection by reducing iron mobilization in the surrounding sediment through a decrease in bioturbation activity, thus reducing its availability to the parasite.
|
['Alveolata', 'Animals', 'Biomarkers', 'Bivalvia', 'Ferritins', 'HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins', 'Iron', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 20,232,199
|
[['B01.043'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.101'], ['B01.050.500.644.080'], ['D12.776.157.427.249', 'D12.776.556.579.249'], ['D12.776.580.216.375'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Achieving remission in major depressive disorder: the first step to long-term recovery.
|
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a common clinical condition encountered in primary care practices. Left untreated or, more commonly, undertreated, MDD typically results in significant distress and dysfunction. Successful treatment of MDD, usually defined as achieving sustained remission, is an attainable goal. As such, sustained remission should be the goal sought by physicians and patients. A number of variables have an impact on the likelihood of achieving and sustaining remission including the length of the depressive episode, the completeness of the response to treatment, and whether remission is achieved relatively early in treatment. The selection of pharmacotherapeutic agents and the relative probability of achieving remission has only recently been investigated in outpatient populations, though this issue has been explored in inpatient studies for more than a decade. This article reviews these variables and presents strategies with the goal of achieving remission for patients with MDD. The importance of both pharmacotherapy, where indicated, as well as psychotherapy is discussed. Finally, remission is presented as a necessary first step to ensure an optimal long-term outcome, rather than as the final goal of treatment.
|
['Depressive Disorder, Major', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Primary Health Care', 'Remission Induction', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 16,493,144
|
[['F03.600.300.375'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N04.590.233.727'], ['E02.860'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Shear dependent viscosity of poly(ethylene oxide) in two protic ionic liquids.
|
Steady shear viscosity measurements have been performed on 100 kDa poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) dissolved in the protic ionic liquids ethylammonium nitrate (EAN) and propylammonium nitrate (PAN) and in water. The zero shear viscosity in all three solvents increases with polymer concentration, falling into three concentration regimes corresponding to dilute, semi-dilute and network solutions. Huggins plots reveal three distinct solvent conditions: good (water), good-theta (EAN) and theta (PAN). However, differences in the transition concentrations, power law behaviour of the viscosities, and relaxation times arising from shear thinning in the two ILs can be directly related to the effects of solvent nanostructure.
|
['Ionic Liquids', 'Polyethylene Glycols', 'Quaternary Ammonium Compounds', 'Viscosity']
| 24,998,054
|
[['D27.720.844.500'], ['D02.033.455.250.700', 'D05.750.741', 'D25.720.741', 'J01.637.051.720.741'], ['D01.625.062.500', 'D02.092.877', 'D02.675.276'], ['G02.930']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Blood feeding and Plasmodium infection alters the miRNome of Anopheles stephensi.
|
Blood feeding is an integral process required for physiological functions and propagation of the malaria vector Anopheles. During blood feeding, presence of the malaria parasite, Plasmodium in the blood induces several host effector molecules including microRNAs which play important roles in the development and maturation of the parasite within the mosquito. The present study was undertaken to elucidate the dynamic expression of miRNAs during gonotrophic cycle and parasite development in Anopheles stephensi. Using next generation sequencing technology, we identified 126 miRNAs of which 17 were novel miRNAs. The miRNAs were further validated by northern hybridization and cloning. Blood feeding and parasitized blood feeding in the mosquitoes revealed regulation of 13 and 16 miRNAs respectively. Expression profiling of these miRNAs revealed that significant miRNAs were down-regulated upon parasitized blood feeding with a repertoire of miRNAs showing stage specific up-regulation. Expression profiles of significantly modulated miRNAs were further validated by real time PCR. Target prediction of regulated miRNAs revealed overlapping targeting by different miRNAs. These targets included several metabolic pathways including metabolic, redox homeostasis and protein processing machinery components. Our analysis revealed tight regulation of specific miRNAs post blood feeding and parasite infection in An. stephensi. Such regulated expression suggests possible role of these miRNAs during gonotrophic cycle in mosquito. Another set of miRNAs were also significantly regulated at 42 h and 5 days post infection indicating parasite stage-specific role of host miRNAs. This study will result in better understanding of the role of miRNAs during gonotrophic cycle and parasite development in mosquito and can probably facilitate in devising novel malaria control strategies at vector level.
|
['Animals', 'Anopheles', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing', 'Host-Parasite Interactions', 'Malaria', 'MicroRNAs', 'Sequence Analysis, RNA']
| 24,866,389
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.712.500.875.120'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['G05.308'], ['E05.393.760.319'], ['G16.527.200.400'], ['C01.610.752.530', 'C01.920.875'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['E05.393.760.710']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Acute appendicitis in a premature baby.
|
A case of acute appendicitis in a premature baby in whom diagnosis was suggested on plain films of the abdomen is presented. In this baby air in a hollow viscus suspected of being an enlarged appendix was the clue to diagnosis. The diagnostic dilemma of this rare and life-threatening condition in premature babies and newborns is underlined. The relevance of different imaging modalities and of different findings in this age group is discussed. Awareness of this rare condition and possible differential diagnosis in newborns and premature babies is stressed.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Appendicitis', 'Appendix', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Premature', 'Intestinal Perforation', 'Radiographic Image Enhancement']
| 12,522,628
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['C01.463.099', 'C06.405.205.099', 'C06.405.469.110.207'], ['A03.556.124.526.209.290', 'A03.556.249.249.209.290'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.703.520.520'], ['C06.405.469.557'], ['E01.370.350.600.350.700', 'E01.370.350.700.700', 'L01.224.308.380.600']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Combining Ability of Different Agronomic Traits and Yield Components in Hybrid Barley.
|
Selection of parents based on their combining ability is an effective approach in hybrid breeding. In this study, eight maintainer lines and nine restorer lines were used to obtain 72 crosses for analyzing the general combining ability (GCA) and special combining ability (SCA) for seven agronomic and yield characters including plant height (PH), spike length excluding awns (SL), inter-node length (IL), spikes per plant (SP), thousand kernel weight (TKW), kernel weight per plant (KWP) and dry matter weight per plant (DWP). The results showed that GCA was significantly different among parents and SCA was also significantly different among crosses. The performance of hybrid was significantly correlated with the sum of female and male GCA (TGCA), SCA and heterosis. Hu1154 A, Mian684 A, 86F098 A, 8036 R and 8041 R were excellent parents with greater general combining ability. Five crosses, Hu1154 A?8032 R, Humai10 A?8040 R, Mian684 A?8037 R, Mian684 A?8041 R and 86F098 A?8037 R, showed superior heterosis for most characters.
|
['Hordeum', 'Hybridization, Genetic', 'Soil']
| 26,061,000
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.481'], ['E05.820.150.390', 'G05.090.390'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Molecular cloning and characterization of cDNA encoding a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme from Clonorchis sinensis.
|
The ubiquitin-proteasome system is an essential mechanism for protein degradation in eukaryotes. Protein ubiquitination is composed of a series of enzymatic reactions. The ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2) is one of the important enzymes involved in the process. A cDNA encoding an E2 enzyme was cloned from a Clonorchis sinensis cDNA library by large-scale sequencing. This new cDNA contains 862 bp with a putative open reading frame of 156 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence is 77% identical to the human E2, HHR6A and HHR6B. The coding region of this cDNA was expressed in E. coli as a GST-tagged protein, and was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity. Enzymatic assays showed that this E2 had the capacity to form a thiolester linkage, and could conjugate ubiquitin to histone H2A in an E3-independent manner in vitro, which indicated that the expressed protein was functionally active. The nucleotide sequence reported in this paper has been submitted to the Genbank Database with accession number AY632078.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Clonorchis sinensis', 'DNA, Complementary', 'DNA, Helminth', 'Gene Library', 'Genes, Helminth', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes']
| 15,480,785
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.220'], ['B01.050.500.500.736.715.520.210'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['D13.444.308.315'], ['G05.360.325'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.310', 'G05.360.340.337.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.828'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['D08.811.464.938.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Development of a single nucleotide polymorphism map of porcine chromosome 2.
|
Single nucleotide polymorphism markers are developed on SSC2, predominantly on the p-arm. Several studies reported a quantitative trait loci (QTL) for backfat thickness in this region. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified by comparative re-sequencing of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products from a panel of eight individuals. The panel consisted of five Large Whites (each from a different Dutch breeding company), a Meishan, a Pietrain and a Wild Boar. In total, 67 different PCR products were sequenced and 301 SNPs were identified in 32,429 bp of consensus sequence, an average of one SNP in every 108 bp. After correction for sample size, this polymorphism rate corresponds to a heterozygosity value of one SNP in every 357 bp. For 63% of the SNPs, there was variation among the five Large Whites, and these SNPs are relevant for linkage and association studies in commercial populations. Comparing the Whites with other breeds revealed higher variation rates with: (i) Meishan, 89%; (ii) Pietrain, 69%; (iii) Wild Boar, 70%. Because many of the experimental populations to identify QTL are based on crosses between these breeds, these SNPs are relevant for the fine mapping of the QTL identified within these crosses.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Contig Mapping', 'DNA Primers', 'Genetic Markers', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Swine']
| 14,687,073
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.183'], ['E05.393.183.620.160', 'E05.393.260'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D23.101.387', 'G05.695.450'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Taurolithocholate-induced intrahepatic cholestasis: potentiation by methyl isobutyl ketone and methyl n-butyl ketone in rats.
|
Haloalkane-induced hepatonecrogenesis can be potentiated by the prior administration of methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) and methyl n-butyl ketone (MBK). We investigated the possibility that these ketones could potentiate the cholestasis induced by taurolithocholate (TLC) in rats. Daily ketone pretreatment for 3 or 7 days resulted in an enhancement of the diminution in bile flow observed after TLC challenge. When the ketones were administered without TLC challenge, cholestasis was not observed; in fact, slight increases in bile flow did occur. The data suggest that MIBK may be more effective than MBK as a potentiator. Preliminary experiments with 2,5-hexanedione (HD), a metabolite of MBK and a potent potentiator of haloalkane hepatonecrosis, were included in the study. HD appeared to be a less potent potentiator of TLC-induced cholestasis. Although some ketones can potentiate cholestatic as well as hepatonecrogenic reactions, different mechanisms of action appear to be involved in these two phenomena.
|
['Animals', 'Bile', 'Cholestasis', 'Drug Synergism', 'Hexanones', 'Injections, Intravenous', 'Ketones', 'Lithocholic Acid', 'Male', 'Methyl n-Butyl Ketone', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Taurolithocholic Acid']
| 4,024,113
|
[['B01.050'], ['A12.200.087'], ['C06.130.120.135'], ['G07.690.773.968.477'], ['D02.522.520'], ['E02.319.267.082.750', 'E02.319.267.530.540'], ['D02.522'], ['D04.210.500.105.225.480', 'D04.210.500.221.430.622'], ['D02.522.520.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D02.455.326.146.100.850.875.925', 'D02.886.645.600.055.850.800.925', 'D04.210.500.105.225.480.880', 'D04.210.500.105.225.900.920', 'D04.210.500.221.430.622.900', 'D04.210.500.221.430.873.940']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Impact of Extraction Methods on the Detectable Protein Complement of Metaproteomic Analyses of Marine Sediments.
|
Metaproteomic analysis targets proteins, the catalytic entities in the habitat, thereby providing direct insights into the metabolic activity of the community studied. A major challenge still remaining for metaproteomics is the effective and comprehensive extraction of proteins from environmental samples, due to their high complexity with respect to organismic diversity and abundance range. Moreover, in certain habitats, the inherent matrix may interfere with protein extraction. In recent years, several studies reported different protein extraction methods for soils known for their complex geochemistry, but only three analyzed marine sediments that generally comprise different though similarly complex geochemistry. In this study, the impact of four different extraction methods was investigated for coastal North Sea and deep sea Pacific Ocean sediments. The extraction methods comprised (i) phenol, (ii) SDS, (iii) a mixture of SDS and phenol, and (iv) urea and thiourea. Prior to extraction, a cell and protein standard (CPS) was added to the sediment samples to trace recovery of proteins from different subcellular locations as well as dissolved BSA. While each extraction method detected distinct peptide complements, SDS-phenol extraction generally achieved highest protein yield and most comprehensive CPS protein identification. Application of two different methods was shown to further improve proteome coverage.
|
['Geologic Sediments', 'Oceans and Seas', 'Phenol', 'Proteins', 'Proteome', 'Proteomics', 'Urea']
| 29,027,362
|
[['G01.311.330', 'G16.500.320'], ['G01.311.625', 'G16.500.275.725.500.650', 'Z01.756'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.595'], ['D12.776'], ['D12.776.817'], ['H01.158.201.843', 'H01.158.273.180.350.700', 'H01.158.273.343.350.700', 'H01.181.122.738'], ['D02.065.950']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
[Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in the diagnostics of arterial hypertension associated with nephroptosis].
|
Nephroptosis, associated with renal circulatory disorder, is one of the reasons for symptomatic arterial hypertension (AH). An obvious dependence of blood pressure (BP) level on the body position is a feature of this form of AH. However, this correlation is not always easy to reveal when performing a routine physical examination. The authors of the article adduce 2 clinical observations in which ambulatory BP monitoring became the key method that allowed assuming dynamic vasorenal AH.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Renovascular', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Posture', 'Radiography, Abdominal', 'Sex Factors', 'Time Factors', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Urography']
| 16,613,010
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.370.140.100', 'E01.370.520.500.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.331.490', 'C13.351.968.419.331.490', 'C14.907.489.631.485'], ['A05.810.453'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G11.427.695'], ['E01.370.350.700.715'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.370.350.700.830', 'E01.370.390.830']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Biphasic generation of diacylglycerol by angiotensin and phorbol ester in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells.
|
Stimulation of angiotensin receptors in bovine adrenal medullary cells with Sar1-angiotensin II increased diacylglycerol levels in a biphasic fashion. An initial peak occurred at 3 min and an increase was observed again at 60 min and even at 18 hrs. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate produced a similar pattern of increase in diacylglycerol levels. Both the angiotensin analog and the phorbol ester also increased the release of (3H)choline into the culture medium from prelabelled cells. The long-term diacylglycerol production could be derived from phosphatidylcholine rather than from the phosphoinositides. The latter may be the source of the angiotensin stimulated initial production of diacylglycerol and activation of PKC. Activated PKC then turns on the continuous production of DAG which maintains PKC in an active state for long periods of time in the presence of the peptide.
|
['Adrenal Medulla', 'Angiotensin II', 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Choline', 'Diglycerides', 'Kinetics', 'Phosphatidylcholines', 'Phosphatidylinositols', 'Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate', 'Time Factors', 'Tritium']
| 8,380,691
|
[['A06.300.071.265'], ['D06.472.699.094.078', 'D12.644.400.070.078', 'D12.644.456.073.041', 'D12.644.548.058.078', 'D12.776.631.650.070.078', 'D23.469.050.050.050'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A11.251'], ['D02.033.100.291.211', 'D02.092.063.291.211', 'D02.092.877.883.333', 'D02.675.276.232'], ['D10.351.303'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.800'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.942'], ['D02.455.849.291.500.510.850'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D01.268.406.875', 'D01.362.340.875', 'D01.496.749.925']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Assessment of patient satisfaction with various configurations of digital CROS and BiCROS hearing aids.
|
We conducted a study of 91 patients with severe-to-profound asymmetric hearing loss to assess their satisfaction with digital contralateral routing of signal (CROS) or bilateral contralateral routing of signal (BiCROS) hearing aids, Satisfaction was evaluated on the basis of the number of patients who elected to purchase their hearing aid following a free 30-day trial and on the results of a subsequent 8-question survey. We found that overall patient satisfaction was generally high. At the end of the 30-day trial, 66 of the 91 patients (72.5%) elected to keep their CROS or BiCROS device, a percentage that is far greater than the acceptance rates of 10 to 20% that had been previously reported with older models of the CROS and BiCROS devices. According to the survey responses, those who kept their devices gave them an overall rating of 3.4 on a scale of 1 (very dissatisfied) to 5 (very satisfied); those who returned their devices gave them an overall rating of 1.9.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Equipment Design', 'Female', 'Hearing Aids', 'Hearing Loss', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 16,909,811
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.320'], ['E07.305.906.500', 'E07.814.458'], ['C09.218.458.341', 'C10.597.751.418.341', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Homoisoflavanones from Ledebouria floribunda.
|
The bulbs of Ledebouria floribunda (Baker) Jessop have yielded two novel compounds, 7-O-[alpha-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-glucopiranosyl]-5-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxybenzyl)-chroman-4-one (1) and 7-O-[alpha-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-glucopiranosyl]-5-hydroxy-3-(4'-hydroxybenzyl)-chroman-4-one (2) along with five other known compounds, 5,7-dihydroxy-3-(4'-methoxybenzyl)-chroman-4-one or 3,9-dihidroeucomin (3), 5,7-dihidroxy-6-methoxy-3-(4'-methoxybenzyl)-chroman-4-one (4), 5,7-dihidroxy 3-(4'-hydroxybenzyl)-chroman-4-one or 4,4'-demethyl-3,9-dihydropuctatin (5), 5,7-dihidroxy-3-(4'-hydroxybenzyl)-6-methoxy-chroman-4-one or 3,9-dihydroeucomnalin (6) and 7-hydroxy-3-(4'-hydroxybenzyl)-5-methoxy-chroman-4-one (7). Their structures were elucidated by spectra analysis. The seven homoisoflavanones were found to be antioxidant against DPPH radical and beta-carotene/linoleic acid system.
|
['Antioxidants', 'Isoflavones', 'Liliaceae', 'Molecular Structure', 'Plant Extracts', 'Plant Roots']
| 19,027,834
|
[['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.400', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.400'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.618.875.500'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['A18.400']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Direct and long-range action of a wingless morphogen gradient.
|
Wingless (Wg), a founding member of the Wingless/Int-1 (Wnt) family of secreted proteins, acts as a short-range inducer and as a long-range organizer during Drosophila development. Here, we determine the consequences of ectopically expressing (i) a wild-type form of Wg, (ii) a membrane-tethered form of Wg, and (iii) a constitutively active form of the cytosolic protein Armadillo (Arm), which normally acts to transduce Wg, and we compare them with the effects of removing endogenous Wg or Arm activity. Our results indicate that wild-type Wg acts at long range, up-regulating the transcription of particular target genes as a function of concentration and distance from secreting cells. In contrast, tethered Wg and Arm have only short-range or autonomous effects, respectively, on the transcription of these genes. We interpret these findings as evidence that Wg can act directly and at long range as a gradient morphogen during normal development.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Genetically Modified', 'Armadillo Domain Proteins', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Drosophila', 'Drosophila Proteins', 'Embryonic Induction', 'Eye', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Leg', 'Male', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Morphogenesis', 'Protein Binding', 'Proteins', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Signal Transduction', 'Trans-Activators', 'Transcription Factors', 'Transgenes', 'Wings, Animal', 'Wnt1 Protein']
| 8,945,511
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.136', 'B05.620.136'], ['D12.776.091'], ['G04.152'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250'], ['D12.776.093.500.462'], ['G04.085.300', 'G04.152.300', 'G07.345.500.100.250', 'G07.345.500.325.180.750', 'G08.686.784.170.104.750'], ['A01.456.505.420', 'A09.371'], ['G05.308.310'], ['A01.378.610.500'], ['D12.776.543'], ['G07.345.500'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.776.260.755', 'D12.776.930.900', 'D12.776.964.925.984'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.825'], ['A13.395.823'], ['D12.776.467.984.100', 'D12.776.624.664.700.967', 'D23.529.984.100']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A role for the p38 MAP kinase pathway in the nuclear shuttling of NFATp.
|
Calcium signals lead to the translocation of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. This process is regulated by the calcium-activated phosphatase calcineurin, which can be cotransported with NFAT to the nucleus to maintain it transcriptionally active for the duration of calcium signaling. When the calcium signal ceases, NFAT is exported to the cytoplasm, and different NFAT kinases have been reported to oppose calcineurin activities and regulate the nuclear export of NFAT. Here we show that p38 MAPK phosphorylates in vitro and interacts in vivo with NFATp. Furthermore, the activation of this pathway in HeLa cells by cotransfection with activated MKK6 and p38 counteracts the calcium-induced nuclear accumulation of NFATp but not that of NFATc. By contrast, activation of JNK or ERK pathways failed to modify the nuclear shuttling of NFATp. Consistently, activation of p38, but not the JNK MAPK pathway, results in the inhibition of NFATp-driven transcription. In addition, the inhibition of the nuclear accumulation of NFATp by p38 appears to be mediated through the activation of NFATp nuclear export and takes place in a Leptomycin B-sensitive fashion, suggesting the involvement of the exportin CRM1 in this process. Thus, the p38 signal transduction pathway appears to play an important role in the regulation of the nuclear shuttling of NFATp and in cellular homeostasis.
|
['Biological Transport', 'Calcium', 'Cell Nucleus', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases', 'NFATC Transcription Factors', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Signal Transduction', 'Transcription Factors', 'p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases']
| 10,788,511
|
[['G03.143'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['D12.776.260'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567', 'D12.644.360.450', 'D12.776.476.450'], ['D12.776.930.608'], ['D12.776.660'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.776.930'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.843', 'D12.644.360.450.835', 'D12.776.476.450.835']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Reduced axonal transport of 10S acetylcholinesterase in dystrophic mice.
|
Extracts of extensor digitorum longus muscle, atria, brain, and sciatic nerve from phenotypically normal and dystrophic ReJ/129 mice were subjected to sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation, and the amounts of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity associated with each major enzyme form were determined. Normal muscle showed approximately equivalent amounts of the 4S, 10S, and 16S forms of AChE, while dystrophic muscle was relatively deficient in 10S AChE and relatively oversupplied with 4S AChE. This abnormality was not present in the other tissues examined. However, as measured by the 24-hour accumulation of enzyme activity proximal to a ligature on the sciatic nerve, the axonal transport of 10S AChE was only about one third as great in dystrophic as in normal nerve. This result is consistent with the view that the reduction in the amount of this enzyme form in dystrophic muscle could be related to disturbances in a transport-dependent trophic interaction between nerve and muscle.
|
['Acetylcholinesterase', 'Animals', 'Axonal Transport', 'Chemical Phenomena', 'Chemistry', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Motor Neurons', 'Muscular Dystrophy, Animal', 'Neuromuscular Junction']
| 6,181,401
|
[['D08.811.277.352.100.170.176'], ['B01.050'], ['G03.143.355.040', 'G04.392.040', 'G11.561.050'], ['G02'], ['H01.181'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['A08.675.655.500', 'A11.671.655.500'], ['C22.595'], ['A08.800.550.550.550', 'A08.850.550.550', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780.550.550']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Interaction between HIV-1 NEF and G(o) proteins in transfected COS-7 cells.
|
Nef protein of HIV/SIV lentiviruses affects G-protein-mediated signaling, and physically associates to Lck, a myristoylated and palmitoylated Src-like tyrosine kinase. To assess whether Nef interacts with alpha-subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins (Galpha), carrying the same lipidation motif as Lck, we transiently expressed Nef and G(o)alpha (wild-type or nonpalmitoylated C3S mutant), individually or in combination, in transfected COS-7 cells. Recombinant Nef was mostly recovered in particulate fractions, and a Nef-Green Fluorescent Protein chimera was localized at the plasmalemma by in vivo fluorescence imaging. Moreover, Nef and C3S were entirely solubilized by cold Triton X-100, and excluded from low buoyant density sucrose gradient fractions, containing caveolin-1, whereas wild-type G(o)alpha was partially resistant to Triton extraction, and colocalized with caveolin-1. After coexpression, Nef recruited soluble C3S to membranes, and the two proteins were coimmunoprecipitated by G(o)alpha and Nef antisera. We conclude that Nef interacts with nonpalmitoylated G(o)alpha, presumably outside caveolin-rich microdomains of the plasma membrane.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'COS Cells', 'DNA Primers', 'GTP-Binding Proteins', 'Gene Products, nef', 'Green Fluorescent Proteins', 'HIV-1', 'Immune Sera', 'Luminescent Proteins', 'Precipitin Tests', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Transfection', 'nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus']
| 10,753,665
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.251.210.172.500', 'A11.329.228.220'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300', 'D12.776.157.325'], ['D12.776.964.775.362', 'D12.776.964.925.500'], ['D12.776.532.265'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['A12.207.152.846.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.114.573', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.573', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.573', 'D20.215.401'], ['D12.776.532'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645', 'E05.196.150.639.500', 'E05.200.812.735.645', 'E05.478.594.760.645', 'E05.478.605.492'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['D12.776.964.775.362.500', 'D12.776.964.775.562.760', 'D12.776.964.925.500.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Lovastatin enhances ecto-5'-nucleotidase activity and cell surface expression in endothelial cells: implication of rho-family GTPases.
|
Extracellular adenosine production by the GPI-anchored Ecto-5'-Nucleotidase (Ecto-5'-Nu) plays an important role in the cardiovascular system, notably in defense against hypoxia. It has been previously suggested that HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (HRIs) could potentiate the hypoxic stimulation of Ecto-5'Nu in myocardial ischemia. In order to elucidate the mechanism of Ecto-5'-Nu stimulation by HRIs, Ecto-5'-Nu activity and expression were determined in an aortic endothelial cell line (SVAREC) incubated with lovastatin. Lovastatin enhanced Ecto-5'-Nu activity in a dose-dependent manner. This increase was not supported by de novo synthesis of the enzyme because neither the mRNA content nor the total amount of the protein were modified by lovastatin. By contrast, lovastatin enhanced cell surface expression of Ecto-5'-Nu and decreased endocytosis of Ecto-5'-Nu, as evidenced by immunostaining. This effect appeared unrelated to modifications of cholesterol content or Ecto-5'-Nu association with detergent-resistant membranes. The effect of lovastatin was reversed by mevalonate, the substrate of HMG-CoA reductase, by its isoprenoid derivative, geranyl-geranyl pyrophosphate, and by cytotoxic necrotizing factor, an activator of Rho-GTPases. Stimulation of Ecto-5'-Nu by lovastatin enhanced the inhibition of platelet aggregation induced by endothelial cells. In conclusion, lovastatin enhances Ecto-5'-Nu activity and membrane expression in endothelial cells. This effect seems independent of lowering cholesterol content but could be supported by an inhibition of Ecto-5'-Nu endocytosis through a decrease of Rho-GTPases isoprenylation.
|
["5'-Nucleotidase", 'Animals', 'Cell Hypoxia', 'Cell Membrane', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cholesterol', 'Cyclodextrins', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Endocytosis', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Humans', 'Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors', 'Lovastatin', 'Mevalonic Acid', 'Platelet Aggregation', 'Polyisoprenyl Phosphates', 'Protein Prenylation', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'beta-Cyclodextrins', 'rho GTP-Binding Proteins']
| 11,884,371
|
[['D08.811.277.352.650.600.600'], ['B01.050'], ['G03.197.300', 'G04.270.300'], ['A11.284.149'], ['A11.251'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['D04.345.103', 'D09.301.915.400.375', 'D09.698.365.855.400.375'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G04.417'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.519.186.071.202.370', 'D27.505.519.389.370', 'D27.505.954.557.500.202.370'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.400', 'D04.615.638.400'], ['D02.241.511.579'], ['G09.188.370.687', 'G09.188.390.600.640'], ['D02.455.849.690', 'D02.705.400.725'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600.400', 'G02.111.672.500', 'G02.111.691.600.400', 'G03.734.871.790.600.400', 'G03.804.500', 'G05.308.670.600.400'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D04.345.103.333', 'D09.301.915.400.375.333', 'D09.698.365.855.400.375.333'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.700', 'D12.644.360.525.700', 'D12.776.157.325.515.700', 'D12.776.476.525.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Planned versus urgent deliveries in placenta previa: maternal, surgical and neonatal results.
|
PURPOSE: Placenta previa is abnormal localization of the placenta, associated with high rates of maternal-fetal morbidity and mortality. This abnormal implantation may also be in the form of invasion to surroundings defined as placenta accreta spectrum (PAS). The increasing rates of cesarean section raise the frequency of placenta previa and PAS in recent years. Although there are some recommendations, the optimal timing of caesarean delivery concerning fetal and maternal benefits is still unclear. The aim of this study is to compare maternal, surgical and perinatal outcomes of placenta previa cases who underwent emergency or planned surgery.METHODS: The women who underwent cesarean section for placenta previa between October 2013 and February 2019 at a tertiary care center were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into two main groups as planned and urgent, and into two subgroups as complicated (PAS) and uncomplicated (non-PAS).RESULTS: Of the 313 women who met the inclusion criteria, 176 were planned and 137 were urgent cesarean sections. In the urgent group, gestational age, duration of surgery, maternal preoperative and pre-discharge hemoglobin levels, requirement of blood and blood product, additional surgical interventions, length of maternal postoperative intensive care unit and hospital stay, neonatal birthweight, Apgar scores, length of the follow-up in neonatal intensive care unit, invasive and non-invasive mechanical ventilation were significantly different.CONCLUSIONS: Maternal complication rates are increased in women who are operated on emergency conditions due to placenta previa. Perinatal outcomes are better in women who underwent planned surgery and in those with gestational age greater than 37 weeks.
|
['Adult', 'Apgar Score', 'Birth Weight', 'Cesarean Section', 'Female', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Placenta Accreta', 'Placenta Previa', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Outcome', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Turkey']
| 31,655,886
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.050'], ['C23.888.144.186', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.186', 'E05.041.124.160.750.149', 'G07.100.100.160.120.186', 'G07.345.249.314.120.186'], ['E04.520.252.500'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C13.703.420.643', 'C13.703.590.609'], ['C13.703.420.714', 'C13.703.590.734'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.789.700', 'G08.686.784.769.496'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['Z01.252.245.500.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Viability of 7 kinds of medicinal plant seeds stored in medium-term gene bank of the National Medicinal Plant Gene Bank].
|
In order to evaluate seed viability of Platycodon grandiflorum, Schizonepeta tenuifolia, Andrographis paniculat, Codonopsis pilosula, Scutellaria baicalensis, Leonurus japonicus, Rabdosia rubescens, stored in the medium-term gene bank of the National Medicinal Plant Gene Bank for 4 years, we tested seed germination rate of 7 species of medicinal plant and analyzed the change of significance of levels of the germination rate in pre and post store. Seed germination rates of 7 species of medicinal plants were all decreased after 4 years, and the decrease of S. tenuifolia and S. baicalensis germination rates were much smaller than other species. The higher initial germination rate of P. grandiflorum, C. pilosula, R. rubescens seed has the smaller decline of germination rate, but the data of A. paniculata showed the opposite trend. The rate decline of the germination of S. tenuifolia and S. baicalensis was roughly the same in different germination rate interval. The results showed that low temperature storage could effectively prolong the seed longevity, and maintain the seed vigor. Moreover, it is necessary to study on the storage characteristics of the main medicinal plant seeds, and establish the monitoring plan and regeneration standard.
|
['Cryopreservation', 'Germination', 'Plants, Medicinal', 'Seed Bank', 'Seeds']
| 28,891,604
|
[['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160', 'E02.792.156', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160', 'E05.760.156'], ['G07.345.625.249', 'G15.357'], ['B01.650.560'], ['N02.278.065.650'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Glomerular and vascular lesions in DOCA-salt hypertension: the role of anticoagulation.
|
The aim of the present experiments was to determine if anticoagulant and antithrombotic drugs, which protect against hypertension and vascular damage in some models of hypertension, have a similar effect in DOCA-salt hypertension. Unilaterally nephrectomized rats received injections of deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) and 1% saline to drink and were treated with either heparin, defibrotide, low molecular weight (LMW) heparin or vehicle (control) for five and a half weeks. At sacrifice heparin treated rats had decreased hematocrit (p less than 0.001) and prolonged APTT (p less than 0.001). LMW heparin and defibrotide groups did not differ from control animals in either hematocrit or APTT. The systolic blood pressure (SBP) of heparin treated rats at sacrifice was lower than control (p less than 0.05) but, there were no other differences in SBP throughout the course of the experiment. Renal morphology revealed a lower number of glomerular epithelial cell droplets in the heparin group (p less than 0.01) only. Vascular damage did not differ significantly between groups.
|
['Animals', 'Anticoagulants', 'Blood Vessels', 'Desoxycorticosterone', 'Heparin', 'Hypertension', 'Kidney Glomerulus', 'Male', 'Polydeoxyribonucleotides', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Sodium Chloride']
| 3,390,965
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.502.119'], ['A07.015'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.339', 'D06.472.040.585.611'], ['D09.698.373.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['A05.810.453.324.359', 'A05.810.453.736.520'], ['D13.695.578.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A kinetic analysis of cell division, and induction and stability of recA protein in U.V. Irradiated ion+ and ion-strains of Escherichia coli K12.
|
Kinetic analysis of induction of recA protein synthesis after U.V. irradiation does not show correspondence with the kinetics of division inhibition in ion+ and ion- strains. When the induction of recA protein after U.V. is drastically reduced by rifampicin treatment, no effect on the kinetics of division inhibition is observed.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Cell Division', 'DNA Helicases', 'DNA Repair', 'DNA Replication', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Escherichia coli', 'Kinetics', 'Rifampin', 'Ultraviolet Rays']
| 232,229
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Spatiotemporal image correlation spectroscopy (STICS) theory, verification, and application to protein velocity mapping in living CHO cells.
|
We introduce a new extension of image correlation spectroscopy (ICS) and image cross-correlation spectroscopy (ICCS) that relies on complete analysis of both the temporal and spatial correlation lags for intensity fluctuations from a laser-scanning microscopy image series. This new approach allows measurement of both diffusion coefficients and velocity vectors (magnitude and direction) for fluorescently labeled membrane proteins in living cells through monitoring of the time evolution of the full space-time correlation function. By using filtering in Fourier space to remove frequencies associated with immobile components, we are able to measure the protein transport even in the presence of a large fraction (>90%) of immobile species. We present the background theory, computer simulations, and analysis of measurements on fluorescent microspheres to demonstrate proof of principle, capabilities, and limitations of the method. We demonstrate mapping of flow vectors for mixed samples containing fluorescent microspheres with different emission wavelengths using space time image cross-correlation. We also present results from two-photon laser-scanning microscopy studies of alpha-actinin/enhanced green fluorescent protein fusion constructs at the basal membrane of living CHO cells. Using space-time image correlation spectroscopy (STICS), we are able to measure protein fluxes with magnitudes of mum/min from retracting lamellar regions and protrusions for adherent cells. We also demonstrate the measurement of correlated directed flows (magnitudes of mum/min) and diffusion of interacting alpha5 integrin/enhanced cyan fluorescent protein and alpha-actinin/enhanced yellow fluorescent protein within living CHO cells. The STICS method permits us to generate complete transport maps of proteins within subregions of the basal membrane even if the protein concentration is too high to perform single particle tracking measurements.
|
['Actinin', 'Algorithms', 'Animals', 'Biophysics', 'CHO Cells', 'Computer Simulation', 'Cricetinae', 'Diffusion', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Fourier Analysis', 'Green Fluorescent Proteins', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Microspheres', 'Models, Statistical', 'Photons', 'Protein Transport', 'Proteins', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Spectrophotometry', 'Time Factors']
| 15,722,439
|
[['D05.750.078.730.248', 'D12.776.210.500.095', 'D12.776.220.525.250'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['B01.050'], ['H01.158.344', 'H01.671.100'], ['A11.251.210.200', 'A11.436.155'], ['L01.224.160'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['G01.202', 'G02.196'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['E05.377', 'G17.226', 'L01.224.800.625'], ['D12.776.532.265'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['E07.565'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['G01.249.705', 'G01.358.500.505.650.782', 'G01.590.540.782', 'G01.750.250.650.782', 'G01.750.770.578.782'], ['G03.143.700'], ['D12.776'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['E05.196.712.726', 'E05.196.867.826'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Immune status as a determinant of human papillomavirus detection and its association with anal epithelial abnormalities.
|
One hundred and twenty Danish homosexual men were enrolled to characterize risk factors for anal type-specific human papillomavirus (HPV) expression and to examine its association with anal epithelial atypia. Detection of HPV strongly correlated with immunosuppression measured by T-lymphocyte subset markers and rose nearly linearly from 7.3% among subjects with CD4/CD8 ratios above 1.0 to 35.3% among those with a ratio below 0.4 (p trend = 0.003). No association was found between presence of HPV and a wide range of lifestyle factors including number of sex partners/year, smoking, alcohol consumption and illegal drug intake. However, self-reported history of anal condyloma in the past year was correlated with HPV (p less than 0.001). Simultaneous testing for presence of HPV in the oral cavity showed evidence of HPV 16,18 and 31,33,35. Anal smears were abnormal in 19.5% of the men and correlated strongly with presence of HPV (OR = 6.1, p less than 0.001). Type-specific associations were found with HPV 31/33/35 (OR = 8.5) and HPV 16/18 (OR = 3.1) only. The association remained significant after adjusting for immune status. Overall, HPV was detected in 50% of the cases with abnormal smears. However, HPV was found in all subjects with abnormal smears and a CD4/CD8 ratio below 0.4, compared to only 3 of 14 subjects with abnormal smears and a ratio greater than or equal to 1.3. In conclusion, (1) HPV may be missed in a substantial number of infected subjects with a normal immune system. This may have an impact on studies trying to describe risk factors for HPV transmission and its correlation with cancer development. (2) The finding of HPV 16,18 and 31,33,35 in the oral cavity makes oral-genital sexual activity at least a hypothetical route of transmission for these HPV types. (3) HPV appears to play a central role in the development of anal epithelial abnormality.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Anal Canal', 'Cohort Studies', 'Denmark', 'Epithelium', 'HIV Antibodies', 'Hepatitis B Antibodies', 'Homosexuality', 'Humans', 'Immunity', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mouth', 'Papillomaviridae', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Tumor Virus Infections']
| 2,166,709
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A03.556.124.526.070', 'A03.556.249.249.070'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['Z01.542.816.124'], ['A10.272'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254.150.440', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254.150.440', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254.150.440'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254.450.504', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254.450.504', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254.450.504'], ['F01.145.802.975.500', 'G08.686.867.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A01.456.505.631', 'A03.556.500', 'A14.549'], ['B04.280.210.655', 'B04.613.204.655'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['C01.925.928']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Myelolipomatosis. A report of a case located in the mandible].
|
Myelolipoma is a rare benign tumour involving, in the majority of cases, the adrenal gland. Given the absolute predominance of this localisation, in this report of extra-adrenal localisations of these tumours the authors considered it worthwhile and necessary to refer to the former, relatively more complete series of data, with the exception of the supposed or real differences which exist between the two groups. Myelolipomatosis should not be considered an example of dysplasia, but on the contrary benign metaplasia/hamartoma. It is therefore obvious that, faced with an expansive process of this type, it is vital to obtain a precise diagnosis on which to base the choice of clinical and therapeutic management since this is also influenced by the anatomical site of the tumour. On the basis of a series of pathophysiological parameters, the authors have formulated a diagnostic protocol followed by a therapeutic approach since, in this context, there is no point resorting to a so-called "wait and see" strategy. In addition, the analysis of the above parameters convinced the authors of the possibility that these tumours should be regarded as bodies which should not be separated from the reaction of the organism as a whole to and appropriate stressigenic event persisting over time.
|
['Adolescent', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lipoma', 'Mandible', 'Mandibular Neoplasms', 'Radiography, Panoramic', 'Surgical Flaps', 'Tooth Extraction']
| 1,461,236
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.450.550.400'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.632', 'A14.521.632'], ['C04.588.149.721.450.583', 'C05.116.231.754.450.583', 'C05.500.499.583', 'C05.500.607.442', 'C07.320.515.583', 'C07.320.610.583'], ['E01.370.350.700.720.750', 'E06.342.764.750'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710'], ['E04.545.700', 'E06.645.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Dynamic mechanical conditioning of collagen-gel blood vessel constructs induces remodeling in vitro.
|
Dynamic mechanical conditioning is investigated as a means of improving the mechanical properties of tissue-engineered blood vessel constructs composed of living cells embedded in a collagen-gel scaffold. This approach attempts to elicit a unique response from the embedded cells so as to reorganize their surrounding matrix, thus improving the overall mechanical stability of the constructs. Mechanical conditioning, in the form of cyclic strain, was applied to the tubular constructs at a frequency of 1 Hz for 4 and 8 days. The response to conditioning thus evinced involved increased contraction and mechanical strength, as compared to statically cultured controls. Significant increases in ultimate stress and material modulus were seen over an 8 day culture period. Accompanying morphological changes showed increased circumferential orientation in response to the cyclic stimulus. We conclude that dynamic mechanical conditioning during tissue culture leads to an improvement in the properties of tissue-engineered blood vessel constructs in terms of mechanical strength and histological organization. This concept, in conjunction with a proper biochemical environment, could present a better model for engineering vascular constructs.
|
['Animals', 'Biocompatible Materials', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Biomedical Engineering', 'Bioreactors', 'Blood Vessel Prosthesis', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Collagen', 'Gels', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Materials Testing', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular', 'Rats']
| 10,870,892
|
[['B01.050'], ['D25.130', 'D27.720.102.130', 'J01.637.051.130'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['H02.070', 'J01.293.140'], ['E07.115', 'J01.897.120.115'], ['E07.695.110'], ['A11.251'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['D20.280.320', 'D26.255.165.320'], ['E05.481'], ['E05.570'], ['A02.633.570.491', 'A07.015.733.500', 'A10.690.467.491'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dilatation with progressively larger balloons for severe stenosis of the pulmonary valve presenting in the late neonatal period and early infancy.
|
Balloon dilatation in infants with severe pulmonary valve stenosis may not be a straightforward procedure once the arterial duct has closed. Balloon dilatation was attempted in three neonates and infants. In an 11 week old infant hypotension and bradycardia developed shortly after a 5 French end hole catheter was passed through the severely stenosed pulmonary valve. An emergency Waterston shunt was subsequently performed, but he died three days later. After this experience the technique was modified so that progressively larger balloons were used for dilatation in two infants, aged one and three weeks, with severe pulmonary valve stenosis in whom the arterial duct had closed. It was successful in both.
|
['Cardiac Catheterization', 'Catheterization', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Pregnancy', 'Pulmonary Valve Stenosis']
| 2,803,878
|
[['E01.370.370.380.140', 'E02.148.442', 'E05.157.250'], ['E02.148', 'E05.157'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C14.280.484.716', 'C14.280.955.750']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 plays an important role in porcine circovirus type 2 subclinical infection by downregulating proinflammatory responses.
|
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) causes porcine circovirus-associated diseases and usually evokes a subclinical infection, without any obvious symptoms, in pigs. It remains unclear how PCV2 leads to a subclinical infection. In this study, we found that peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from PCV2-challenged piglets with no significant clinical symptoms exhibited increased expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) 3, but no significant changes in the expression of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-á; this differed from piglets that displayed significant clinical symptoms. IL-6- and TNF-á-mediated signalings were inhibited in PBMCs from subclinical piglets. Elevated SOCS3 levels inhibited IL-6- and TNF-á-mediated NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha degradation in PBMCs and PK-15 cells. SOCS3 production was also increased in PCV2-infected PK-15 porcine kidney cells, and IL-6 and TNF-á production that was induced by PCV2 in PK-15 cells was significantly increased when SOCS3 was silenced by a small interfering RNA. SOCS3 interacted with signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and TNF-associated receptor-associated factor 2, suggesting mechanisms by which SOCS3 inhibits IL-6 and TNF-á signaling. We conclude that SOCS3 plays an important role in PCV2 subclinical infection by suppressing inflammatory responses in primary immune cells.
|
['Animals', 'Asymptomatic Infections', 'Cell Line', 'Circoviridae Infections', 'Circovirus', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Host-Pathogen Interactions', 'Interleukin-6', 'Leukocytes, Mononuclear', 'NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha', 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'STAT3 Transcription Factor', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Signal Transduction', 'Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Protein', 'Swine', 'Swine Diseases', 'TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 2', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 27,581,515
|
[['B01.050'], ['C01.125', 'C23.550.291.187.500'], ['A11.251.210'], ['C01.925.256.200'], ['B04.280.120.150'], ['A11.436'], ['G05.308'], ['G06.462', 'G16.527.200'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['A11.118.637.555', 'A15.145.229.637.555', 'A15.382.490.555'], ['D12.644.360.365.500', 'D12.776.260.420.500', 'D12.776.476.381.500', 'D12.776.930.326.500'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875'], ['D12.644.360.024.342.300', 'D12.776.157.057.186.300', 'D12.776.476.024.430.300', 'D12.776.930.840.300'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.644.360.024.374.750', 'D12.776.157.057.249.750', 'D12.776.476.024.437.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['C22.905'], ['D12.644.360.024.500.750', 'D12.776.157.057.500.750', 'D12.776.476.024.500.750'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Effect of PLK1 gene silence on cell cycle, proliferation and drug resistance in K562/A02 cells].
|
The study was purposed to investigate the effect of small interference RNA (siRNA) targeting Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) gene on cell cycle progression, proliferation and drug resistance in K562/A02 cells. siRNA plasmid vector specifically targeting PLK1 gene with enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) was transfected into K562/A02 cells. Expressions of PLK1 mRNA and protein were assayed by RT-PCR and Western-blot; cell proliferation was evaluated by direct cell counting after trypan blue staining. Cell cycle and intracellular adriamycin (ADM) accumulation was determined by flow cytometry; 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) of ADM on K562/A02 cells was determined by MTT method. The results showed that, as compared with control cells, siRNA plasmid reduced PLK1 mRNA expression by (34.7 +/- 2.1)% for 24 hours and by (56.6 +/- 1.5)% for 48 hours, PLK1 protein significantly decreased simultaneously by (49.9 +/- 3.2)% and by (62.1 +/- 1.7)%. After being transfected for 24 and 48 hours, the rate of survival cells decreased by 30% and 59% respectively. Forty-eight hours after transfection, the ratio of K562/A02 cells at G2/M increased by 2.77-fold, at the same time, intracellular ADM accumulation increased and the relative efficiency of K562/A02 cells to ADM was 73.8%. It is concluded that PLK1 gene silence can inhibit K562/A02 cell proliferation, induce cell cycle arrest at G2/M, and increase intracellular ADM accumulation, so that enhance cell sensitivity to ADM.
|
['Cell Cycle', 'Cell Cycle Proteins', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Daunorubicin', 'Drug Resistance, Neoplasm', 'Gene Silencing', 'Humans', 'K562 Cells', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'RNA, Messenger', 'RNA, Small Interfering']
| 16,638,189
|
[['G04.144'], ['D12.776.167'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200', 'D04.615.562.050.200', 'D09.408.051.059.200'], ['G07.690.773.984.395'], ['G05.308.203.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.251.210.190.510', 'A11.251.860.180.510', 'A11.443.240.497.480'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Stress-modulated growth, residual stress, and vascular heterogeneity.
|
A simple phenomenological model is used to study interrelations between material properties, growth-induced residual stresses, and opening angles in arteries. The artery is assumed to be a thick-walled tube composed of an orthotropic pseudoelastic material. In addition, the normal mature vessel is assumed to have uniform circumferential wall stress, which is achieved here via a mechanical growth law. Residual stresses are computed for three configurations: the unloaded intact artery, the artery after a single transmural cut, and the inner and outer rings of the artery created by combined radial and circumferential cuts. The results show that the magnitudes of the opening angles depend strongly on the heterogeneity of the material properties of the vessel wall and that multiple radial and circumferential cuts may be needed to relieve all residual stress. In addition, comparing computed opening angles with published experimental data for the bovine carotid artery suggests that the material properties change continuously across the vessel wall and that stress, not strain, correlates well with growth in arteries.
|
['Animals', 'Aorta', 'Arteries', 'Computer Simulation', 'Elasticity', 'Finite Element Analysis', 'Models, Cardiovascular', 'Rats', 'Stress, Mechanical']
| 11,783,722
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056'], ['A07.015.114'], ['L01.224.160'], ['G01.374.590'], ['E05.355'], ['E05.599.395.161'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G01.374.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome after endovascular reconstruction of carotid artery in high-flow carotid-jugular fistula.
|
We describe the occurrence of cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome (CHS) in a case of long-standing carotid-jugular fistula (CJF) treated by endovascular reconstruction of the carotid artery. A 43-year-old male with a high-flow CJF between the internal carotid artery (ICA) and internal jugular vein underwent endovascular reconstruction of the carotid artery using a stent graft. After treatment, the patient developed CHS. The patient succumbed to a large intracranial bleed in the left external capsule and parietal lobe on the fifth postoperative day. CHS following endovascular reconstruction of carotid artery is rare. We present the first reported case of CHS following endovascular reconstruction of ICA. A review of literature for patients treated by endovascular rerouting of blood flow to the cerebral parenchyma associated with hyperperfusion syndrome has been performed.
|
['Adult', 'Angiography, Digital Subtraction', 'Antihypertensive Agents', 'Arteriovenous Fistula', 'Carotid Artery, Internal', 'Cerebrovascular Circulation', 'Fatal Outcome', 'Hematoma', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Intracranial Hemorrhages', 'Jugular Veins', 'Labetalol', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Stents', 'Syndrome', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 24,464,256
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.350.600.350.700.060', 'E01.370.350.700.060.060', 'E01.370.350.700.700.060', 'E01.370.350.760.060', 'E01.370.370.050.060'], ['D27.505.954.411.162'], ['C14.240.850.750.147', 'C14.240.850.984.750', 'C14.907.150.125', 'C14.907.933.555', 'C16.131.240.850.750.125', 'C23.300.575.950.250'], ['A07.015.114.186.200.230'], ['G09.330.100.159'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.325', 'N01.224.935.698.201', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.325', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.325'], ['C23.550.414.838'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['C10.228.140.300.535', 'C14.907.253.573', 'C23.550.414.913'], ['A07.015.908.498'], ['D02.033.100.291.460', 'D02.065.793.324', 'D02.092.063.291.460'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E07.695.750'], ['C23.550.288.500'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Searchable attribute-based encryption scheme with attribute revocation in cloud storage.
|
Attribute based encryption (ABE) is a good way to achieve flexible and secure access control to data, and attribute revocation is the extension of the attribute-based encryption, and the keyword search is an indispensable part for cloud storage. The combination of both has an important application in the cloud storage. In this paper, we construct a searchable attribute-based encryption scheme with attribute revocation in cloud storage, the keyword search in our scheme is attribute based with access control, when the search succeeds, the cloud server returns the corresponding cipher text to user and the user can decrypt the cipher text definitely. Besides, our scheme supports multiple keywords search, which makes the scheme more practical. Under the assumption of decisional bilinear Diffie-Hellman exponent (q-BDHE) and decisional Diffie-Hellman (DDH) in the selective security model, we prove that our scheme is secure.
|
['Algorithms', 'Cloud Computing', 'Computer Security', 'Confidentiality', 'Electronic Health Records', 'Health Information Exchange', 'Humans', 'Information Storage and Retrieval']
| 28,859,125
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['L01.224.097'], ['L01.224.134', 'N04.452.910.200'], ['F04.096.544.335.240', 'I01.880.604.473.650.500', 'I01.880.604.583.080', 'N03.706.437.650.124', 'N03.706.535.230'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.625.500', 'N04.452.859.564.650.125', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.530.250', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968.625.250'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.625.500.500', 'L01.313.500.500', 'L01.399.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.313.500.750.280', 'L01.470']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Two families of acyl-CoA thioesterases in Arabidopsis.
|
We have identified two families of acyl-CoA thioesterase (ACHs) in Arabidopsis thaliana. One family, consisting of AtACH1 and AtACH2, appears to be peroxisomal, as they have type-1 peroxisomal targeting sequences. The other family, consisting of AtACH4 and AtACH5, resides in the endoplasmic reticulum, as shown by green fluorescent protein studies. AtACH2 has been overexpressed in Escherichia coli and shows high levels of acyl-CoA thioesterase activity against both 16:0-CoA and 18:1-CoA. AtACH5 has also been overexpressed in E. coli, and shows thioesterase activity as well. ACHs have been characterized in other many other organisms and in various subcellular locations, but their true physiological role is not yet understood. Indeed, atach5 gene knockout mutants have no observable phenotype.
|
['Arabidopsis', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Endoplasmic Reticulum', 'Escherichia coli', 'Genes, Reporter', 'Green Fluorescent Proteins', 'Isoenzymes', 'Lipids', 'Luminescent Proteins', 'Palmitoyl-CoA Hydrolase', 'Peroxisomes', 'Plants, Genetically Modified', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins']
| 11,171,266
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.100'], ['E05.393.220'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.248'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['D12.776.532.265'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['D10'], ['D12.776.532'], ['D08.811.277.352.897.700'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.500.585.600', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.190.755.600'], ['B01.650.520', 'B05.620.600'], ['D12.776.828.300']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Isolation and partial purification of cytochrome oxidases from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis HD-567.
|
Analyses of the cell membrane fractions by spectral absorbance revealed the presence of cytochrome c and three cytochrome oxidases in Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis HD-567-cytochromes a+a3, d, and o. A modified procedure was used to purify the cytochrome c:o complex from this organism. The oxidase complex was first solubilized from a sonic-disrupted cell membrane fraction (R3 fraction) using deoxycholate and KCl. The resulting soluble fraction was further purified by Sephadex G-50 gel filtration and DEAE ionexchange chromatography. TMPD oxidase specific activity and cytochrome concentration were assayed to monitor the purification procedures. The F7 fraction (obtained after G-50 chromatography) contained cytochrome c (0.44 nmole/mg protein), cytochrome a+a3 (0.26 nmole/mg protein), and cytochrome o (0.38 nmole/mg protein), which had 6-fold, 3.4-fold and 18.9-fold increase, respectively, by comparison with the original R3 fraction. The TMPD oxidase specific activity of the F7 fraction also increased 4.8 fold. The F8 fraction (obtained after the final DEAE chromatography) contained a cytochrome c:o complex only (cytochrome c, 0.46 nmole/mg protein; cytochrome o, 0.16 nmole/mg protein), but no cytochrome a+a3 was found. Both the TMPD oxidase specific activity and the cytochrome o were attenuated greatly in comparison with the F7 fraction. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that the F7 fraction contained numerous protein components, while the F8 fraction contained only a prominent major protein of 113.5 kD thought to be the cytochrome c:o complex, and a minor polypeptide (MW = 65.8 kD). Although the final DEAE procedure removed many undesired polypeptides, TMPD oxidase activity and cytochrome o component were also lost greatly. Kinetic studies of this cytochrome c:o complex is in progress in our laboratory.
|
['Bacillus thuringiensis', 'Electron Transport Complex IV']
| 1,341,999
|
[['B03.300.390.400.158.218.800', 'B03.353.500.100.218.800', 'B03.510.100.100.218.800', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.800', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.800'], ['D05.500.562.374', 'D08.811.600.250.687', 'D08.811.682.285', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.875.304', 'D12.776.543.277.687', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.875.484']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Multichannel digital recording of intraluminal temperature in the upper gastrointestinal tract of man: techniques and analyses.
|
A recording system has been developed to measure intraluminal temperature changes from six sites simultaneously in the upper gastrointestinal tract at rates up to 10 Hz from each site. The temperature probe contains six type K thermocouples mounted in 14 French gauge orogastric tube. The data is logged, after digital conversion and signal multiplexing, onto disc storage by a dedicated microcomputer. The fluctuating temperature profile, defined as temperature spikes, has been subjected to novel computer analysis to allow definition of temperature load and dissipation within the oesophagus, stomach and duodenum. This system enables the effects of drinking and eating hot and cold foods on the physiological functions of the gastrointestinal tract to be studied accurately.
|
['Body Temperature', 'Duodenum', 'Eating', 'Esophagus', 'Humans', 'Stomach', 'Thermography']
| 3,219,815
|
[['E01.370.600.875.374', 'G07.110'], ['A03.556.124.684.124', 'A03.556.875.249'], ['G07.203.650.283', 'G10.261.330'], ['A03.556.875.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.556.875.875'], ['E01.370.350.800', 'E05.933.500']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Psychopathology and outcome in first-admission schizophrenia: a 13-year follow-up study at a medical school hospital].
|
BACKGROUND: The course and outcome of 'dementia praecox' have attracted considerable attention since it was first described. However, studies in which schizophrenic patients have been followed for more than ten years are rare. In this study, the course and outcome of first-admission schizophrenic patients in Jichi Medical School Hospital was investigated.METHOD: The subjects were 62 schizophrenic patients, 29 females and 33 males (the mean age at first hospitalization was 25.2 +/- 7.4 years), who were consecutively discharged from the Department of Psychiatry, Jichi Medical School Hospital, between June 1983 and May 1988. The mean interval between first-admission and follow-up was thirteen years. The social outcome was measured using Eguma's Social Adjustment Scale. The subjects were divided into two groups according to Eguma's Scale: a favorable outcome group and an unfavorable outcome group. The following data were obtained from clinical records and analyzed: sex, family history of mental disorders, educational background, job experience, marital status, age at first contact to a psychiatrist, age at first hospitalization, type of onset, subtype of schizophrenia (paranoid, catatonic, hebephrenic types) and symptoms at the time of first hospitalization. Symptoms at the time of first hospitalization included delusions, hallucinations, disorders of ego consciousness, thought disorders, emotional disturbances, lack of spontaneity, catatonic symptoms, hypochondriac-cenestopathic symptoms, disorganized behavior, and suicide attempts.RESULT: Fifty-six of the 62 patients were followed-up. Six patients could not be contacted. Nine of the 56 patients follow-up were dead; two had died suddenly and seven had committed suicide. Forty-seven patients were alive, eight of which were not under psychiatric treatment, while 39 patients were receiving treatment (33 as outpatients, 6 as inpatients). The 47 patients who were still living were divided into two groups: 22 were included in the favorable outcome group, and 25 in the unfavorable outcome group. No significant differences in premorbid status were found. The unfavorable outcome group had an earlier age at first contact and age at first admission than the favorable outcome group. In the favorable outcome group, acute onset was more common than chronic onset. A comparison of psychopathological symptoms at the time of first hospitalization between the favorable and unfavorable outcome groups revealed significant differences in lack of spontaneity and hypochondriac-cenestopathic symptoms. No significant differences were found for any other symptoms. In the favorable outcome group, paranoid type was more common than hebephrenic type.DISCUSSION: Lack of spontaneity may reflect negative symptomatology, which has been suggested to be a predictor of an unfavorable outcome. While hypochondriac-cenestopathic symptoms may reflect an insufficient psychic container for the body, which has been hypothesized to work as an enabler of body image or imaginary body and an enabler of ego function as well.CONCLUSION: First-admission schizophrenic patients followed up after a mean period of thirteen years, and of this group data could be obtained on 90% of them. Two symptoms (a lack of spontaneity and hypochondriac-cenestopathic symptoms) present at the time of first hospitalization were observed more frequently in the unfavorable outcome group than in the favorable outcome group.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Hospitalization', 'Hospitals, University', 'Humans', 'Japan', 'Male', 'Prognosis', 'Psychopathology', 'Schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenic Psychology', 'Time Factors']
| 11,510,079
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['N02.278.020.300.310', 'N02.278.421.639.725'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['E01.789'], ['F04.096.670'], ['F03.700.750'], ['F04.824'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Clinical comparison of bioactive glass bone replacement graft material and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene barrier membrane in treating human mandibular molar class II furcations.
|
BACKGROUND: Class II furcations present difficult treatment problems and historically several treatment approaches to obtain furcation fill have been used.METHODS: The response of mandibular Class II facial furcations to treatment with either bioactive glass (PG) bone replacement graft material or expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) barrier membrane was evaluated in 27 pairs of mandibular molars in 27 patients with moderate to advanced periodontitis. Following initial preparation, full thickness flaps were raised in the area being treated, the bone and furcation defects debrided of granulomatous tissue, and the involved root surfaces mechanically prepared and chemically conditioned. By random allocation, PG or ePTFE was placed into or fitted over the furcations, packed or secured in place, and the host flap replaced or coronally positioned with sutures. Postsurgical deplaquing was performed every 10 days leading up to ePTFE removal at about 6 weeks. Continuing periodontal maintenance therapy was provided until surgical reentry at 6 months for documentation and any further necessary treatment.RESULTS: Direct clinical measurements demonstrated essentially similar clinical results with both treatments for bone and soft tissue changes. There were no statistically or clinically significant differences (e.g., mean horizontal furcation fill 1.4 mm PG, 1.3 mm ePTFE; mean percent horizontal furcation fill 31.6% PG, 31.1% ePTFE, both P>0.85). Seventeen of the PG treated and 18 of the ePTFE furcations became Class I clinically and 1 furcation completely closed clinically with each treatment. Intrapatient comparisons showed similar horizontal furcation responses with both treatments.CONCLUSION: The findings of this study suggest essentially equal clinical results with PG bone replacement graft material and e-PTFE barriers in mandibular molar Class II furcations. PG use was associated with simpler application and required no additional material removal procedures.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bone Substitutes', 'Ceramics', 'Debridement', 'Dental Plaque', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Furcation Defects', 'Gingival Recession', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mandible', 'Membranes, Artificial', 'Middle Aged', 'Molar', 'Periodontal Attachment Loss', 'Periodontal Pocket', 'Periodontitis', 'Polytetrafluoroethylene', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Surgical Flaps', 'Tetracycline', 'Tooth Root', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 11,288,783
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D25.130.325', 'J01.637.051.130.325'], ['J01.637.153'], ['E04.176'], ['C07.793.208.377'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C07.465.714.204'], ['C07.465.714.258.447', 'C07.465.714.354.625'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.632', 'A14.521.632'], ['D25.479', 'J01.637.051.479', 'J01.637.087.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A14.549.167.860.525'], ['C07.465.714.354.750'], ['C07.465.714.533.750'], ['C07.465.714.533'], ['D05.750.395.616', 'D25.720.395.616', 'J01.637.051.720.395.616'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.900.875', 'D04.615.562.900.875'], ['A14.549.167.900.750'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
CABG in advanced left ventricular dysfunction.
|
Concurrent, independent clinical series at Yale University and the University of Virginia demonstrate an important role for CABG in patients with advanced ischemic cardiomyopathy. It is found that CABG can be performed safely in these patients, both angina and congestive heart failure states improve, ejection fraction increases substantially, and good long-term longevity is achieved. Despite prior concerns, the internal mammary conduit can be used safely in these patients. It appears that CABG serves to protect viable noninfarcted muscle and to recruit hibernating ischemic muscle. CABG is suggested as an alternative to heart transplantation in this patient group.
|
['Aged', 'Coronary Artery Bypass', 'Coronary Disease', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Heart Failure', 'Heart Transplantation', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Stroke Volume', 'Survival Analysis', 'Time Factors', 'Ventricular Dysfunction, Left']
| 7,796,430
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.100.376.719.332', 'E04.100.814.868.750', 'E04.928.220.520.220'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C14.280.434'], ['E04.100.376.475', 'E04.928.220.390', 'E04.936.450.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.370.380.150.700', 'G09.330.380.124.882'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['G01.910.857'], ['C14.280.945.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[The older HIV patient in the Netherlands].
|
The HIV-infected population in the Netherlands is aging, both as a result of effective combination antiretroviral therapy, and the relative increase in the number of newly diagnosed HIV infections among older people. As the mean age of HIV-positive patients increases, so does the prevalence of non-HIV-associated comorbidities, possibly at higher rates than observed in the general population. As people with HIV continue to age, they will be more likely to experience multimorbidity, polypharmacy, and to receive care from diverse healthcare professionals. It is therefore important that all healthcare professionals have up-to-date knowledge of HIV and the emerging health-care challenges concerning aging people with HIV.
|
['Aging', 'Anti-Retroviral Agents', 'Comorbidity', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Netherlands', 'Polypharmacy']
| 30,040,311
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['D27.505.954.122.388.077'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.651'], ['E02.319.698']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Detection of TiO2
|
Establishment of analytical methods for detection and characterization of nanoparticles in the environment are gaining prominence across the globe. The present study was designed to quantify titanium (Ti) and to characterize titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TNP) from a municipal sewage treatment plant, by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The concentrations of Ti & TNP were 1085 & 13.6 mg/kg in the influent sewage and 298 & 3.3 mg/kg in the aeration tank contents, respectively. The size of TNP ranged between 71-145 nm in the sludge fraction. Determining environmentally realistic concentrations of TNP could serve as a tracer material for characterization of those nanomaterials with similar size and aggregation properties. Furthermore, inference of Ti and TNP in municipal sewage in the study will also help in environmental risk assessment of nanomaterials.
|
['Mass Spectrometry', 'Metal Nanoparticles', 'Particle Size', 'Sewage', 'Titanium']
| 28,160,041
|
[['E05.196.566'], ['J01.637.512.600.500'], ['G02.712'], ['D20.944.932.500'], ['D01.268.557.800', 'D01.268.956.878', 'D01.552.547.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Purification and characterization of the respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein.
|
The fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus was purified by affinity chromatography using a monoclonal antibody. Under various conditions the protein was recovered as a 145K dimer or a 70K monomer. The 70K monomer was composed of disulphide-linked fragments of 48K and 23K. Polyclonal rabbit serum produced to the dimerized fusion protein neutralized virus but did not inhibit fusion, while rabbit serum to the 2-mercaptoethanol-treated dimerized protein neutralized virus and inhibited fusion of infected cells. Only the latter serum strongly recognized the 23K fragment when studied by Western blot analysis.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Antibodies, Viral', 'Cell Line', 'Humans', 'Molecular Weight', 'Respiratory Syncytial Viruses', 'Viral Envelope Proteins', 'Viral Fusion Proteins']
| 3,838,336
|
[['D12.125'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254'], ['A11.251.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.494'], ['B04.820.480.937.600.670.600.750'], ['D09.400.430.968', 'D12.776.395.550.993', 'D12.776.543.550.993', 'D12.776.964.970.880'], ['D12.776.543.512.500', 'D12.776.964.970.880.910']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Brain and cervical spine injuries occurring during organized sports activities in children and adolescents.
|
Eighty per cent of severe sports-related central nervous system trauma occurs as a result of collision sports, chiefly American football and rugby union football, followed by wrestling and gymnastics. Although serious head injury is uncommon, episodes of concussion are frequent; repeated concussion should be grounds for suggesting that the athlete give up collision sport. American and rugby union football are the sports mainly responsible for cervical spine injury with resultant quadriplegia.
|
['Adolescent', 'Athletic Injuries', 'Boxing', 'Brain Injuries', 'Child', 'Football', 'Humans', 'New Zealand', 'Physical Examination', 'Primary Health Care', 'Soccer', 'Spinal Cord Injuries', 'Spinal Injuries', 'Sports Medicine', 'United States']
| 6,561,680
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['C26.115'], ['I03.450.642.845.210'], ['C10.228.140.199', 'C10.900.300.087', 'C26.915.300.200'], ['M01.060.406'], ['I03.450.642.845.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.639.760.747', 'Z01.678.100.747'], ['E01.370.600'], ['N04.590.233.727'], ['I03.450.642.845.800'], ['C10.228.854.763', 'C10.900.850', 'C26.819'], ['C26.117.500'], ['H02.403.830'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Pathways for K+ transport across the bovine articular chondrocyte membrane and their sensitivity to cell volume.
|
The contributions of various K+ transport pathways in bovine chondrocytes isolated from articular cartilage and their responses to changes in cell volume have been studied. K+(86Rb+) uptake mediated by the Na(+)-K(+) pump and Na(+)-K(+)-2Cl- cotransporter were stimulated by cell shrinkage, the latter as part of the regulatory volume increases (RVI) response, the former as an indirect effect resulting from the rise in intracellular Na+ concentration during RVI. For both transporters, there was an increase in the maximum velocity with no detectable effect on the Michaelis constant. There was no evidence for volume-sensitive K+ transport mediated by the K(+)-Cl- cotransporter, or Ca(2+)-activated K+ channels. However, chondrocyte swelling stimulated a ouabain- and bumetanide-insensitive K+ flux sensitive to pimozide and other drugs, which exhibited some of the properties of the relatively nonspecific volume-sensitive "osmolyte" channel described in other cell types.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Transport', 'Bumetanide', 'Calcium', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Cartilage, Articular', 'Cattle', 'Cell Separation', 'Culture Media', 'Male', 'Osmolar Concentration', 'Osmotic Pressure', 'Ouabain', 'Potassium', 'Potassium Channels', 'Sodium-Potassium-Chloride Symporters', 'Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase']
| 8,967,429
|
[['B01.050'], ['G03.143'], ['D02.065.884.150', 'D02.241.223.100.050.300.200', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.020.452.500', 'D02.886.590.700.150'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D12.776.157'], ['A02.165.407.150', 'A02.835.583.192'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['E01.370.225.500.363', 'E05.200.500.363', 'E05.242.363'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['G02.640'], ['G01.374.715.578', 'G02.640.249', 'G02.723.661'], ['D04.210.500.155.580.130.750.600', 'D09.408.180.810.600'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.625.750', 'D12.776.157.530.937.750', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625.750', 'D12.776.543.585.937.875'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.314.750', 'D12.776.157.530.450.162.780', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.880', 'D12.776.157.530.813.750', 'D12.776.543.585.450.162.800', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.890', 'D12.776.543.585.813.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Tracing of projection neurons from the cervical dorsal horn to the medulla with the anterograde tracer biotinylated dextran amine.
|
In addition to the well-defined role of dorsal horn neurons in pain transmission, neurons in the superficial laminae also provide a rich source of synaptic input to cardiovascular and respiratory centers in the medullary reticular formation. In this study, ascending projection neurons from the superficial laminae of the cervical enlargement were studied in the rat using the anterograde tracer biotinylated dextran amine (BDA). Ipsilateral microinjection of BDA into the cervical spinal cord (C6-C8) resulted in extensive labeling of dorsal horn neurons in laminae I-V. Axons and terminal processes of cervical dorsal horn cells projecting to the medulla were present in the cuneate nucleus (Cu), the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), the lateral reticular nucleus, (LRt) as well as the caudal and rostral ventrolateral medulla (VLM). The highest density of BDA labeling was found ipsilaterally in the Cu, LRt, caudal and rostral VLM, while a moderate density of labeling was present in the NTS caudal to the area postrema (AP). Moderate-to-weak labeling was also found in the LRt, the caudal and rostral VLM contralateral to the BDA injection. These results support the existence of a spinomedullary pathway that transmits noxious and innocuous Adelta and C fiber-mediated sensory signals to the medulla. Neurons in this ascending spinal pathway likely participate in the patterning of autonomic responses evoked by pain or during exercise.
|
['Animals', 'Axons', 'Biotin', 'Dextrans', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Injections, Spinal', 'Medulla Oblongata', 'Neurons, Afferent', 'Rats', 'Spinal Cord', 'Synaptic Transmission']
| 12,144,043
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.675.542.145', 'A11.284.180.075', 'A11.671.137', 'A11.671.501.145'], ['D03.383.129.308.080', 'D08.211.096'], ['D05.750.078.562.272', 'D09.698.365.272'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['E02.319.267.530.580'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.591.500'], ['A08.675.650', 'A11.671.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['A08.186.854'], ['G02.111.820.850', 'G04.835.850', 'G07.265.880', 'G11.561.830']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Standardizing the immunological measurement of advanced glycation endproducts using normal human serum.
|
Advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) have been linked to many sequelae of diabetes, renal disease and aging. To detect AGE levels in human tissues and blood samples, a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been widely used. As no consensus or standard research method for the quantitation of AGEs currently exists, nor a universally defined AGE unit available, the comparative quantitation of AGEs between research laboratories is problematic and restricts the usefulness of interlaboratory clinical data. By comparing the cross-reactivities of five different anti-AGE antisera with five different in vitro AGE-modified proteins, we found that the immunological recognition of AGEs by competitive ELISA is both AGE-carrier protein- and anti-AGE antibody-dependent. This suggests that in vitro AGE-modified proteins might not be appropriate standards for AGEs that occur naturally in vivo. Based on our observation that serum AGE levels in the normal human population are consistently within a narrow range and several folds lower than in diabetics, we propose a method to standardize AGE units against normal human serum (NHS). In this new method, one AGE unit is defined as the inhibition that results from 1:5 diluted NHS in the competitive AGE-ELISA; thus the AGE value in NHS is 5 units/ml. This NHS method requires a competitive AGE-ELISA with reasonable sensitivity such that 1:5 NHS produces a 25 to 40% inhibition of anti-AGE antibody binding to immobilized AGE-proteins. By using this standardized method we found that the AGE levels in normal human serum (5.0 +/- 2.2 units/ml; mean +/- SD, n = 34) fit a normal distribution (chi 2-test, p < 0.01), and the serum AGE levels in diabetic patients (20.3 +/- 3.8 units/ml, n = 7) are significantly higher than that of the normal population (p < 0.0001). Since AGE units can now be defined against a universally available standard, NHS, the results of quantitative AGE measurements using this method should be comparable between assays and between different laboratories. Taken together, standardizing the AGE-ELISA protocol as described here provides a simple and quantitative method that should facilitate the expanded application of clinical AGE data.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aging', 'Antibodies', 'Antibody Specificity', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Cross Reactions', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'Glycation End Products, Advanced', 'Humans', 'Laboratories', 'Male', 'Normal Distribution']
| 9,328,589
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G07.345.124'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['G12.100'], ['D12.776.157'], ['G12.122.281'], ['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['D12.776.643.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J03.520', 'N02.278.487'], ['E05.318.740.994.500', 'G17.820.500', 'N05.715.360.750.750.565', 'N06.850.520.830.994.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Laser palliation for colorectal carcinoma.
|
A review was conducted of 27 patients with colorectal carcinoma treated palliatively with endoscopic neodymium:yttrium-aluminium-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser. There were 25 rectal carcinomas and 2 primary invasive sigmoid colon carcinomas. Of the 25 rectal carcinomas, there was 1 carcinoma in situ, 16 primary cancers, and 8 recurrent rectal carcinomas. The level of the lesions from the anal verge ranged from 0 to 25 cm, with a mean of 7.2 cm. The length of the lesions ranged from 1.5 to 8.5 cm, with a mean of 5 cm. The mean number of Nd:YAG laser treatments was three, with a range from one to nine. The duration of the treatments ranged from 30 to 90 minutes, with a mean of 40 minutes. Four of 27 patients (15%) developed complications. The success rate in terms of the relief of symptoms was established in 23 of the 27 patients.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Carcinoma', 'Colonoscopy', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Laser Therapy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Palliative Care', 'Rectal Neoplasms', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sigmoid Neoplasms']
| 1,718,181
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C04.557.470.200'], ['E01.370.372.250.250.200', 'E01.370.388.250.250.250.160', 'E04.210.240.250.160', 'E04.502.250.250.250.160'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.594', 'E04.014.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.666', 'N02.421.585.666'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.790', 'C06.301.371.411.307.790', 'C06.405.249.411.307.790', 'C06.405.469.491.307.790', 'C06.405.469.860.180.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180.800', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180.800', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180.800', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180.800', 'C06.405.469.158.850.850', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The treatment of intertrochanteric fractures comparison of PFN and hemiarthroplasty 3-year mortality study.
|
Intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients can increase mortality due to complications and negative functional results. The aim of this study is to retrospectively compare the follow-up and mortality rates among patients given a proximal femoral nail (PFN), the current routine treatment for these types of fractures, with those given hemiarthroplasty.The study retrospectively investigated 202 patients over the age of 60 who completed at least 3 years of follow-up after hemiarthroplasty or PFN for intertrochanteric fractures between 2007 and 2012. While 132 patients underwent cemented hemiarthroplasty, 70 had PFN.The monitoring duration for those with PFN surgery was 31.25±1.3 months while the duration of follow-up for those with hemiarthroplasty surgery was 20.0±1.2 months. At the end of 3 years of monitoring of the 202 patients, 99 were deceased. There was a statistically significant difference found in terms of patient life expectancy between those with PFN and those with hemiarthroplasty; Cox regression analysis identified that the mortality rate of those with hemiarthroplasty was 5.1 times greater.As a result, patients undergoing hemiarthroplasty should be carefully chosen and if possible, PFN should be preferred.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip', 'Bone Nails', 'Female', 'Femoral Fractures', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary', 'Hemiarthroplasty', 'Hip Fractures', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mortality', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 29,119,891
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E04.555.110.110.110', 'E04.650.110.110', 'E04.680.101.110.110'], ['E07.695.370.249', 'E07.858.442.660.460.249', 'E07.858.690.725.460.249'], ['C26.404.061', 'C26.558.276'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E04.555.300.300.300'], ['E04.555.110.110.482', 'E04.650.110.482', 'E04.680.101.110.482'], ['C26.404.061.425', 'C26.531.750', 'C26.558.276.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.550', 'N01.224.935.698', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Phospholipase C Beta 1: a Candidate Signature Gene for Proneural Subtype High-Grade Glioma.
|
Phospholipase C beta 1 (PLCâ1) expresses in gliomas and cultured glial cells, but its expression is barely detectable in normal glial cells. We analyzed data from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO-GDSxxx), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and the Repository for Molecular Brain Neoplasia Data (REMBRANDT) to explore the potential role of PLCâ1 as a biomarker in high-grade glioma (HGG). PLCâ1 expression is significantly higher in grade III gliomas than that in grade IV gliomas from GDS1815 (n = 24 vs. 76), GDS1962 (n = 19 vs. 81), and GDS1975 (n = 26 vs. 59). In GDS1815, PLCâ1 expression correlates with several known proneural (PN) signature genes; its expression from PN subtype (n = 15) is significantly higher than that from mesenchymal (Mes) subtype (n = 33) HGG. In GDS1962, PLCâ1 expression is the highest in nontumor brain tissue (n = 23) and is significantly higher than its expression in grade II gliomas [astrocytomas (n = 7) and oligodendrogliomas (n = 37)]. A Kaplan-Meier survival curve from a REMBRANDT cohort demonstrates that glioma patients with intermediate PLCâ1 expression (n = 103) survived significantly longer than PLCâ1 downregulated (2X) groups (n = 226). From TCGA data, PLCâ1 RNA-Seq signal inversely correlates with the pathological grades, and PLCâ1 expression in PN (n = 8) is of significantly higher levels than that in Mes (n = 8) subtypes of glioblastoma. The top 50 % of PLCâ1 expression subgroup (n = 294) of gliomas (grades II to IV merged) survived significantly longer than the low 50 percentile of the PLCâ1 expression subgroup (n = 293). p values are less than 0.05 for all these analyses. We conclude that PLCâ1 is a candidate signature gene for PN subtype HGG, and its expression inversely correlates with glioma pathological grade and is a potential prognostic factor.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Genetic Association Studies', 'Glioma', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Grading', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'Phospholipase C beta', 'Reproducibility of Results']
| 26,614,510
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308.320'], ['G05.308.370'], ['E05.393.385'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380', 'C04.557.470.670.380', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.612'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['D08.811.277.352.640.700.700.562.500', 'D12.644.360.571.500', 'D12.776.476.556.500'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Redox Engineering by Ectopic Overexpression of NADH Kinase in Recombinant Pichia pastoris (Komagataella phaffii
|
High-level expression and secretion of heterologous proteins in yeast cause an increased energy demand, which may result in altered metabolic flux distributions. Moreover, recombinant protein overproduction often results in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and oxidative stress, causing deviations from the optimal NAD(P)H regeneration balance. In this context, overexpression of genes encoding enzymes catalyzing endogenous NADPH-producing reactions, such as the oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway, has been previously shown to improve protein production in Pichia pastoris (syn. Komagataella spp.). In this study, we evaluate the overexpression of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae POS5-encoded NADH kinase in a recombinant P. pastoris strain as an alternative approach to overcome such redox constraints. Specifically, POS5 was cooverexpressed in a strain secreting an antibody fragment, either by directing Pos5 to the cytosol or to the mitochondria. The physiology of the resulting strains was evaluated in continuous cultivations with glycerol or glucose as the sole carbon source, as well as under hypoxia (on glucose). Cytosolic targeting of Pos5 NADH kinase resulted in lower biomass-substrate yields but allowed for a 2-fold increase in product specific productivity. In contrast, Pos5 NADH kinase targeting to the mitochondria did not affect growth physiology and recombinant protein production significantly. Growth physiological parameters were in silico evaluated using the recent upgraded version (v3.0) of the P. pastoris consensus genome-scale metabolic model iMT1026, providing insights on the impact of POS5 overexpression on metabolic flux distributions.IMPORTANCE Recombinant protein overproduction often results in oxidative stress, causing deviations from the optimal redox cofactor regeneration balance. This becomes one of the limiting factors in obtaining high levels of heterologous protein production. Overexpression of redox-affecting enzymes has been explored in other organisms, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, as a means to fine tune the cofactor regeneration balance in order to obtain higher protein titers. In the present work, this strategy is explored in P. pastoris In particular, one NADH kinase enzyme from S. cerevisiae (Pos5) is used, either in the cytosol or in mitochondria of P. pastoris, and its impact on the production of a model protein (antibody fragment) is evaluated. A significant improvement in the production of the model protein is observed when the kinase is directed to the cytosol. These results are significant in the field of heterologous protein production in general and in particular in the development of improved metabolic engineering strategies for P. pastoris.
|
['Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal', 'Metabolic Engineering', 'Microorganisms, Genetically-Modified', 'Mitochondrial Proteins', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)', 'Pichia', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins']
| 31,757,828
|
[['G05.308.330'], ['E05.393.420.526', 'E05.481.500.311.249', 'J01.293.069.249.249'], ['B05.620.368'], ['D12.776.575'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D08.811.913.696.620'], ['B01.300.107.795.700', 'B01.300.930.600'], ['D12.776.828'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparison of segmentation algorithms for fluorescence microscopy images of cells.
|
The analysis of fluorescence microscopy of cells often requires the determination of cell edges. This is typically done using segmentation techniques that separate the cell objects in an image from the surrounding background. This study compares segmentation results from nine different segmentation techniques applied to two different cell lines and five different sets of imaging conditions. Significant variability in the results of segmentation was observed that was due solely to differences in imaging conditions or applications of different algorithms. We quantified and compared the results with a novel bivariate similarity index metric that evaluates the degree of underestimating or overestimating a cell object. The results show that commonly used threshold-based segmentation techniques are less accurate than k-means clustering with multiple clusters. Segmentation accuracy varies with imaging conditions that determine the sharpness of cell edges and with geometric features of a cell. Based on this observation, we propose a method that quantifies cell edge character to provide an estimate of how accurately an algorithm will perform. The results of this study will assist the development of criteria for evaluating interlaboratory comparability.
|
['Algorithms', 'Animals', 'Cells', 'Image Enhancement', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Mice', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Rats']
| 21,674,772
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['B01.050'], ['A11'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The effect of high glucocorticoid administration and food restriction on rodent skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and protein metabolism.
|
BACKGROUND: Glucocorticoids levels are high in catabolic conditions but it is unclear how much of the catabolic effects are due to negative energy balance versus glucocorticoids and whether there are distinct effects on metabolism and functions of specific muscle proteins.METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We determined whether 14 days of high dose methylprednisolone (MPred, 4 mg/kg/d) Vs food restriction (FR, food intake matched to MPred) in rats had different effects on muscle mitochondrial function and protein fractional synthesis rates (FSR). Lower weight loss (15%) occurred in FR than in MPred (30%) rats, while a 15% increase occurred saline-treated Controls. The per cent muscle loss was significantly greater for MPred than FR. Mitochondrial protein FSR in MPred rats was lower in soleus (51 and 43%, respectively) and plantaris (25 and 55%) than in FR, while similar decline in protein FSR of the mixed, sarcoplasmic, and myosin heavy chain occurred. Mitochondrial enzymatic activity and ATP production were unchanged in soleus while in plantaris cytochrome c oxidase activity was lower in FR than Control, and ATP production rate with pyruvate + malate in MPred plantaris was 28% lower in MPred. Branched-chain amino acid catabolic enzyme activities were higher in both FR and MPred rats indicating enhanced amino acid oxidation capacity.CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: MPred and FR had little impact on mitochondrial function but reduction in muscle protein synthesis occurred in MPred that could be explained on the basis of reduced food intake. A greater decline in proteolysis may explain lesser muscle loss in FR than in MPred rats.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Animals', 'Blood Glucose', 'Body Weight', 'Caloric Restriction', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Insulin', 'Male', 'Methylprednisolone', 'Mitochondria, Muscle', 'Muscle Proteins', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley']
| 19,381,333
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['B01.050'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['E02.642.249.200', 'G07.203.650.240.340.150'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.795.539'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564.627', 'A11.284.835.626.627'], ['D12.776.210.500'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Combination of radiological and biochemical methods to assess bone mineral density of mandible in fully edentulous patients after chemotherapy: a 5-year prospective study.
|
BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is of concern in breast cancer patients who are undergoing chemotherapy. This study compared the bone mineral density (BMD) index of the mandible and hip hinge between patients who were undergoing chemotherapy or breast cancer, and fully edentulous Chinese patients without cancer over a period of 5 years.METHOD: 120 fully edentulous patients with an average age of 69 who had undergone mastectomy for grade two or three non-metastatic invasive breast ductal carcinoma. This was followed by administration of 5-fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin. The 118 fully edentulous cancer-free patients were included as a control group. The first assessment point was 6 months after chemotherapy treatment. The BMD and panoramic and side views of the mandible were measured by gamma-ray and the BMD of left hip hinge was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The serum and urine level of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP), as well as liver and renal function tests were determined. These examinations were performed annually for 5 years.RESULT: The cancer patients demonstrated a statistically significant (p < 0.05) increase in bone resorption of mandible and hip, and an increase in BAP and ICTP levels when compared with the control group. Although data were collected annually there was no statistical significance for the first 3 years.CONCLUSION: Breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy displayed significant resorption of mandibular bones compared with the healthy control, which might result in difficulties in fitting dentures, as it would cause pain and mucosal friction. Thus, concurrent therapy to decrease mandibular bone loss and special considerations in dentures are warranted for these patients.
|
['Absorptiometry, Photon', 'Aged', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Bone Density', 'Bone Resorption', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Case-Control Studies', 'China', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Denture, Complete', 'Doxorubicin', 'Female', 'Fluorouracil', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Hip', 'Humans', 'Mandible', 'Middle Aged', 'Mouth, Edentulous', 'Osteoporosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Prosthesis Fitting', 'Time Factors']
| 20,374,022
|
[['E01.370.350.700.024', 'E05.196.712.224.187'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['G11.427.100'], ['C05.116.264', 'G11.427.213.150'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['E02.186'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.730.243', 'D02.705.672.500.243'], ['E06.780.346.760.775', 'E07.695.190.200.205'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200.175', 'D04.615.562.050.200.175', 'D09.408.051.059.200.175'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['A01.378.610.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.632', 'A14.521.632'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C07.465.550', 'C07.793.597'], ['C05.116.198.579', 'C18.452.104.579'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E02.794'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Relationship between body composition, peripheral muscle strength and functional exercise capacity in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
|
The influence of body composition and peripheral muscle strength on 6-minute walk distance was assessed by performing dual energy X-ray absorptiometry scanning, spirometry and dynamometry testing in 13 men and 13 women with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Multivariate modelling showed that 76% of the variance in 6-minute walk distance could be explained by an equation incorporating lung function, quadriceps strength and lean leg mass. These findings indicate an important role for lower limb strength measures in pulmonary rehabilitation training programmes.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Body Composition', 'Exercise Test', 'Exercise Tolerance', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscle Strength', 'Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive', 'Severity of Illness Index']
| 22,616,963
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G02.111.130', 'G03.180', 'G07.100.049'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['G11.427.680.270'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.600.425', 'G11.427.560'], ['C08.381.495.389'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Specific neuronal staining by in vitro uptake of lucifer yellow.
|
Neurons and glial cells can be stained by Lucifer Yellow CH in vitro to produce a Golgi-like fluorescent or electron-dense stain. This technique has been applied successfully in the retinas of several species, rat brain slices and embryonic chick spinal cord. The relative proportion of stained neurons residing in different retinal layers can be modified by manipulating extracellular concentrations of calcium, magnesium and cobalt. In many cases this technique can be a useful adjunct to traditional neuroanatomical techniques.
|
['Animals', 'Cats', 'Central Nervous System', 'Chick Embryo', 'Goldfish', 'Isoquinolines', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Neuroglia', 'Neurons', 'Perches', 'Rabbits', 'Rana pipiens', 'Rats', 'Retina', 'Staining and Labeling']
| 2,429,730
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['A08.186'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.200.244.248.480'], ['D03.633.100.531'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['A08.637', 'A11.650'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.602.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.708.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['A09.371.729'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670', 'E05.200.500.620.670', 'E05.200.750.600.670']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Identification of a chloroform-soluble membrane miniprotein in Escherichia coli and its homolog in Salmonella typhimurium.
|
Two homologous 29 amino acid-long highly hydrophobic membrane miniproteins were identified in the Bligh-Dyer lipid extracts of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). The amino acid sequences of the proteins were determined by collision-induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry, in conjunction with a translating BLAST (tBLASTn) search, i.e., comparing the MS/MS-determined protein query sequence against the six-frame translations of the nucleotide sequences of the E. coli and S. typhimurium genomes. Further MS characterization revealed that both proteins retain the N-terminal initiating formyl-methionines. The methodologies described here may be amendable for detecting and characterizing small hydrophobic proteins in other organisms that are difficult to annotate or analyze by conventional methods.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Chloroform', 'Chromatography, Liquid', 'Escherichia coli', 'Escherichia coli Proteins', 'Genome, Bacterial', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Salmonella typhimurium', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization']
| 21,050,835
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D12.776.097'], ['D02.455.526.439.224', 'D02.455.526.913.810'], ['E05.196.181.400'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D12.776.097.275'], ['G05.360.340.358.207'], ['E05.196.566'], ['D12.776.543'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B03.440.450.425.800.200.825', 'B03.660.250.150.710.160.760'], ['E05.196.566.600']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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