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Inhibition of suicidal erythrocyte death by xanthohumol.
|
Xanthohumol is a proapoptotic hop-derived beer component with anticancer and antimicrobial activities. Similar to nucleated cells, erythrocytes may undergo suicidal cell death or eryptosis, which is triggered by oxidative stress (tert-butylhydroperoxide, TBOOH) or energy depletion (removal of glucose). The triggers increase cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration, leading to activation of Ca(2+)-sensitive K(+) channels with subsequent cell shrinkage and to cell membrane scrambling with subsequent phosphatidylserine exposure at the erythrocyte surface. Eryptotic cells are cleared from the circulating blood, leading to anemia, and may adhere to the vascular wall, thus impeding microcirculation. The present experiments explored whether xanthohumol influences eryptosis using flow cytometry. Exposure of human erythrocytes to 0.3 mM TBOOH or incubation in glucose-free solution significantly increased Fluo3 fluorescence (Ca(2+) concentration) as well as annexin V-binding (cell membrane scrambling) and decreased forward scatter (cell volume), effects significantly blunted by xanthohumol. In conclusion, xanthohumol is a potent inhibitor of suicidal erythrocyte death in vitro.
|
['Calcium', 'Cell Death', 'Down-Regulation', 'Erythrocytes', 'Flavonoids', 'Humans', 'Propiophenones']
| 19,642,672
|
[['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['G04.146'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.522.818']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Chinese abbreviated profile of hearing aid benefit.
|
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to investigate the cross-cultural validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the Abbreviated Profile of the Hearing Aid Benefit questionnaire (APHAB-CH).DESIGN: A convenience sampling method was used to identify and recruit subjects. The subjects completed a history form seeking demographic data, the APHAB-CH, and a questionnaire seeking a subjective rating of hearing aid performance and overall satisfaction with their hearing aid.STUDY SAMPLE: The subjects were 134 experienced hearing aid users.RESULTS: The APHAB-CH had a good internal consistency reliability estimate (á = 0.85) comparable to that of the original version. Significant correlation was observed between the APHAB-CH scores and other subjective ratings for hearing aid performance and the overall satisfaction measure. A high test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.84) was observed. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the APHAB-CH had a two-factor structure comprising "hearing disability" and "averviseness." Normative data in terms of equal-percentile profiles were dervied for the APHAB-CH.CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the APHAB-CH is a reliable and valid measure of the outcomes of hearing aid fitting.
|
['Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'China', 'Factor Analysis, Statistical', 'Hearing Aids', 'Humans', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 21,271,802
|
[['M01.686.508.200'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['E05.318.740.400', 'N05.715.360.750.350', 'N06.850.520.830.400'], ['E07.305.906.500', 'E07.814.458'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Influence of sprint acceleration stance kinetics on velocity and step kinematics in field sport athletes.
|
The interaction between step kinematics and stance kinetics determines sprint velocity. However, the influence that stance kinetics has on effective acceleration in field sport athletes requires clarification. About 25 men (age = 22.4 ± 3.2 years; mass = 82.8 ± 7.2 kg; height = 1.81 ± 0.07 m) completed twelve 10-m sprints, 6 sprints each for kinematic and kinetic assessment. Pearson's correlations (p ? 0.05) examined relationships between 0-5, 5-10, and 0-10 m velocity; step kinematics (mean step length [SL], step frequency, contact time [CT], flight time over each interval); and stance kinetics (relative vertical, horizontal, and resultant force and impulse; resultant force angle; ratio of horizontal to resultant force [RatF] for the first, second, and last contacts within the 10-m sprint). Relationships were found between 0-5, 5-10, and 0-10 m SL and 0-5 and 0-10 m velocity (r = 0.397-0.535). CT of 0-5 and 0-10 m correlated with 5-10 m velocity (r = -0.506 and -0.477, respectively). Last contact vertical force correlated with 5-10 m velocity (r = 0.405). Relationships were established between the second and last contact vertical and resultant force and CT over all intervals (r = -0.398 to 0.569). First and second contact vertical impulse correlated with 0-5 m SL (r = 0.434 and 0.442, respectively). Subjects produced resultant force angles and RatF suitable for horizontal force production. Faster acceleration in field sport athletes involved longer steps, with shorter CT. Greater vertical force production was linked with shorter CT, illustrating efficient force production. Greater SLs during acceleration were facilitated by higher vertical impulse and appropriate horizontal force. Speed training for field sport athletes should be tailored to encourage these technique adaptations.
|
['Athletic Performance', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Running', 'Young Adult']
| 23,222,091
|
[['I03.450.642.845.054'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G11.427.410.568.610', 'G11.427.410.698.277.750', 'I03.350.750', 'I03.450.642.845.610'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Cloning of cDNA to rat mammary-gland fatty acid synthase mRNA. Evidence for the expression of two mRNA species during lactation.
|
A cDNA library was constructed in the expression vector lambda gt11, by synthesizing cDNA from size-selected poly(A) RNA from lactating rat mammary gland, using random hexanucleotide primers. Using this library we identified two recombinants which, on addition of a lac z inducer, produced proteins recognized by affinity-purified anti-fatty-acid synthase antibody, and which, therefore, contained fatty acid synthase coding sequences. The inserts were subcloned, were shown to be between 500 and 600 base pairs in size, and to cross-hybridize. The cloned DNA was then used in Northern hybridizations with mRNA isolated at various stages throughout lactation. Two mRNA species were identified of approx. 9.7 and 10.4 kilobases, which increased and decreased in parallel during lactation, reaching a peak at 12-13 days. Both mRNA species disappeared rapidly if the pups were removed prematurely. This study provides evidence that, during hormonal induction in lactation, regulation of the level of fatty acid synthase protein can be accounted for by variation in the level of mRNA.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA, Circular', 'Electrophoresis, Agar Gel', 'Fatty Acid Synthases', 'Female', 'Lactation', 'Mammary Glands, Animal', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'Pregnancy', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains']
| 3,342,031
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308.283', 'G02.111.570.820.486.212', 'G05.360.580.156'], ['E05.196.401.153', 'E05.301.300.100'], ['D08.811.277.352.897.387', 'D08.811.520.241.300.287', 'D08.811.682.047.820.196.500', 'D08.811.913.050.134.029.500', 'D08.811.913.050.170.500'], ['G08.686.523', 'G08.686.702.500'], ['A10.336.482', 'A13.589'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A newly revised classification of the protozoa.
|
The subkingdom Protozoa now inclues over 65,000 named species, of which over half are fossil and approximately 10,000 are parasitic. Among living species, this includes approximately 250 parasitic and 11,300 free-living sarcodines (of which approximately 4,600 are foraminiferids); approximately 1,8000 parasitic and 5,100 free-living flagellates; approximately 5,600 parasitic "Sporozoa" (including Apicomplexa, Microspora, Myxospora, and Ascetospora); and approximately 2,5000 parasitic and 4,700 free-living ciliates. There are undoubtedly thousands more still unnamed. Seven phyla of PROTOZOA are accepted in this classification--SARCOMASTIGOPHORA, LABYRINTHOMORPHA, APICOMPLEXA, MICROSPORA, ASCETOSPORA, MYXOSPORA, and CILIOPHORA. Diagnoses are given for these and for all higher taxa through suborders, and reporesentative genera of each are named. The present scheme is a considerable revision of the Society's 1964 classification, which was prepared at a time when perhaps 48,000 species had been named. It has been necessitated by the acquisition of a great deal of nex taxonomic information, much of it through electron microscopy. It is hoped that the present classification incorporatesmost of the major changes that will be made for some time, and that it will be used for many years by both protozoologist and non-protozoologists.
|
['Animals', 'Bibliographies as Topic', 'Eukaryota', 'Terminology as Topic']
| 6,989,987
|
[['B01.050'], ['L01.178.682.099', 'L01.453.183'], ['B01'], ['L01.559.598.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Basal cell carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation arising in a scar: A case report.
|
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC), the most common cutaneous malignant tumor, may display neuroendocrine differentiation in very rare instances. We here describe a case of a BCC with neuroendocrine differentiation that arose in a scar resulting from a trauma 75 years earlier. Neuroendocrine differentiation was proven by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. The simultaneous occurrence of BCC development in a scar and neuroendocrine differentiation is quite rare.
|
['Aged', 'Carcinoma, Basal Cell', 'Cicatrix', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Skin Neoplasms']
| 19,951,622
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.165', 'C04.557.470.565.165'], ['A10.165.450.300', 'C23.550.355.274', 'G16.762.891.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Dynamics of culling for Jersey, Holstein, and Jersey ? Holstein crossbred cows in large multibreed dairy herds.
|
The objective of this observational study was to describe and compare the dynamics of reason-specific culling risk for the genetic groups Jerseys (JE), Holsteins (HO), and Jersey ? Holstein crossbreds (JH), considering parity, stage of lactation, and milk yield, among other variables, in large multibreed dairy herds in Texas. The secondary objective was to analyze the association between survival and management factors, such as breeding and replacement policies, type of facilities, and use of cooling systems. After edits, available data included 202,384 lactations in 16 herds, ranging from 407 to 8,773 cows calving per year during the study period from 2007 to 2011. The distribution of lactation records by genetic group was 58, 36, and 6% for HO, JE, and JH crosses, respectively. Overall culling rates across breeds were 30.1, 32.1, and 35.0% for JH, JE, and HO, respectively. The dynamics of reason-specific culling were dependent on genetic group, parity, stage of lactation, milk yield, and herd characteristics. Early lactation was a critical period for "died" and "injury-sick" culling. The risk increased with days after calving for "breeding" and, in the case of HO, "low production" culling. Open cows had a 3.5 to 4.6 times greater risk for overall culling compared with pregnant cows. The odds of culling with reason "died" within the first 60 d in milk (DIM) were not significantly associated with genetic group. However, both JE and JH crosses had lower odds of live culling within the first 60 DIM compared with HO cows (OR=0.72 and 0.82, respectively). Other cow variables significantly associated with the risk of dying within the first 60 DIM were cow relative 305-d mature equivalent (305ME) milk yield, parity, and season of calving. Significant herd-related variables for death included herd size and origin of replacements. In addition to genetic group, the risk of live culling within 60 DIM was associated with cow-relative 305ME milk yield, parity, and season of calving. Significant herd-related variables for live culling included herd-relative 305ME milk yield, herd size, type of facility, origin of replacement, and type of maternity. Overall, reason-specific culling followed similar patterns across DIM in the 3 genetic groups.
|
['Animal Husbandry', 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Dairying', 'Female', 'Lactation', 'Longevity', 'Pregnancy', 'Texas']
| 24,612,810
|
[['J01.040.090'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['J01.040.246'], ['G08.686.523', 'G08.686.702.500'], ['G07.345.124.519', 'G07.540'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.750']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Trends in neonatal and infant mortality in five continents.
|
Trends in the mortality rates for the periods 0-6, 7-27, 28-365 and 0-365 days after birth have been analysed in 48 European, American, African, Asian and Australian countries included in the World Health Organization (WHO) mortality database. From the late 1960s to the early 1990s infant mortality rates declined steadily and markedly in most countries worldwide. Only three countries (Bulgaria, Dominican Republic and Ecuador) showed some increase in rates in the late 1980s after, however, appreciable decreasing trends in earlier calendar periods. In the late 1980s or early 1990s three Latin American countries (Ecuador, Colombia and Dominican Republic) showed the highest rates in all the indicators considered, with the exception of 0-6 days of life mortality, where Sri Lanka ranked second in mortality rates. Intermediate rates (around 10-25/1000 live births for 0-365 days of life mortality) were reported by a number of Latin American, Asian and Central European countries. Rates lower than 10/1000 live births for the 0-365 days of life mortality were reported from the USA. Canada, most western European countries and four Asian countries (Israel, HongKong, Singapore and Japan, which registered the lowest rate). The major decreases were observed in the 0-6 days mortality rates. The proportional reductions were comparable for the period 7-27 and 28-365 days of life in several countries, and generally did not show a consistent pattern, some countries showing greater reduction for 7-27 days of life mortality rates and others vice versa. Thus, in the late 1960s in most countries the large majority of infant deaths occurred in the first month of life, but in the early 1990s this proportion had declined, and the 0-6/7-365 days of life rates ratios were below unity in most countries. In most South American countries, however, the ratio was generally close to unity in both calendar periods.
|
['Birth Rate', 'Cause of Death', 'Cross-Cultural Comparison', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Infant', 'Infant Mortality', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male']
| 9,297,761
|
[['E05.318.308.985.775.500', 'N01.224.935.849.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.775.500', 'N06.850.520.308.985.775.500'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.250', 'N01.224.935.698.100', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.250', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.250'], ['I01.076.201.450.281', 'I01.880.853.100.257'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.475', 'N01.224.935.698.489', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.475', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.475'], ['M01.060.703.520']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[The parental origin of the extra chromosome 21 in Down's syndrome].
|
The parental origin of the extra chromosome 21 and the meiotic failure involved were traced in 100 patients with Down syndrome and the relation with parental age was studied. In 20% of the cases the extra chromosome appeared to be of paternal origin (half of which caused by a nondisjunction at meiosis I, the remaining at meiosis II). In 80% the extra chromosome was of maternal origin (two thirds caused by a nondisjunction at meiosis I, one third at meiosis II). A significant increase of maternal age was only found in mothers who had the nondisjunction at meiosis II. In contrast, in fathers who experienced the nondisjunction at meiosis II the mean age appeared to be low. The possible causes of these phenomena are discussed.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Child', 'Chromosome Aberrations', 'Chromosomes, Human, 21-22 and Y', 'Down Syndrome', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Maternal Age', 'Meiosis', 'Middle Aged', 'Parents', 'Pregnancy', 'Risk', 'Translocation, Genetic']
| 6,230,758
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C23.550.210', 'G05.365.590.175'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.505', 'G05.360.162.520.300.505'], ['C10.597.606.360.220', 'C16.131.077.327', 'C16.131.260.260', 'C16.320.180.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.560', 'N05.715.350.075.550', 'N06.850.490.250.550'], ['G04.144.220.220.687', 'G05.113.220.687'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['C23.550.210.870', 'G05.365.590.175.870', 'G05.558.860']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Mutations in each of the five subunits of translation initiation factor eIF2B can cause leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter.
|
Leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter is a recently defined autosomal recessive disorder. The course is chronic progressive with additional episodes of rapid deterioration, provoked by fever and minor head trauma. A previous study showed that mutations in the genes encoding the epsilon- or the beta-subunit of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF2B, a complex consisting of five subunits, cause the disease in most patients. Seven unsolved patients remained. The unsolved patients were investigated by mutation analysis of the genes encoding the alpha-, gamma-, and delta-subunit of eIF2B and the gene encoding the alpha-subunit of eIF2, because phosphorylation of this latter subunit regulates eIF2B activity. Mutations were found in the genes encoding the alpha- (1 patient), gamma- (2 patients), and delta-subunits (2 patients) of eIF2B, but no mutations were found in the gene encoding the alpha-subunit of eIF2. In 2, both less typical patients, no mutations were found. Mutations in all five genes eIF2B subunit genes can cause VWM. eIF2B is essential for the initiation of translation of RNA into protein and is involved in regulation of the process, especially under circumstances of stress, such as fever. A defect in eIF2B may explain the sensitivity to stress factors in vanishing white matter patients.
|
['Brain Diseases', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2B', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Mutation', 'Nerve Fibers, Myelinated', 'Phenotype', 'Protein Biosynthesis']
| 11,835,386
|
[['C10.228.140'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['D12.644.360.325.300.050', 'D12.776.476.325.300.050', 'D12.776.835.725.868.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['G05.365.590'], ['A08.675.542.512', 'A11.671.501.512', 'A11.671.514'], ['G05.695'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pharmacodynamic modeling of verapamil effects under steady-state and nonsteady-state conditions.
|
Pharmacodynamic models relating the plasma concentration (Cp) of verapamil to the drug's effect (E) on the P-R interval were investigated after single dose infusions of (0.15-0.22 mg/kg) verapamil in 22 normal subjects. Model predictions of the steady-state Cp-E relationship were then compared to results from actual steady-state drug infusions in the same subjects. Two methods of estimating the steady-state concentration response relationship from the single dose data were examined: 1) the relationship of descending limb Cp vs. E and 2) the relationship of estimated effect site concentrations (Ce) vs. E. When compared to experimental steady-state measurements, the absolute errors of predictions from the Ce vs. E method were less than those from the Cp vs. E predictions (6.8 +/- 4.4 vs. 9.6 +/- 6.6, mean +/- S.D.). Similarly, the slope of the linear regression of E on Cp differed more from the observed steady-state slope than the slope of E on Ce. Sigmoid Emax models fit to Cp vs. E. data gave false Emax values even when data immediately following drug infusion were disregarded whereas Ce vs. E plots demonstrated that Emax was not reached (and Ce much less than Cp). Neither the postinfusion (descending limb) Cp vs. E nor Ce vs. E plots allowed analysis of higher concentration vs. effect relationships after usual (0.15-0.22 mg/kg) doses of verapamil. In summary, we have demonstrated that nonsteady-state postdrug infusion effect vs. plasma concentration data for verapamil does not reflect the true steady-state relationship and that use of a model to estimate effect site concentration provides a closer estimate of the true steady-state relationship.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Biological', 'Regression Analysis', 'Verapamil']
| 2,600,802
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['D02.092.471.683.953']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Genetic polymorphism of NFKB1 gene in Chinese Han of Chengdu and Thai populations].
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs3774963 C>G and rs11722146 A>G) of NFKB1 gene between the Chinese Han of Chengdu and Thai populations, and simultaneously to compare distributions of genotype and allelic frequencies of NFKB1 among different ethnic groups from the International Haplotype Map Project.METHODS: The genotypes and allele frequencies of NFKB1 gene rs3774963 C>G and rs11722146 A>G were analyzed in 118 healthy Chinese Han of Chengdu and 101 Thai individuals using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) strategy and DNA sequencing.RESULTS: The frequencies of the CC, CG, and GG genotypes of rs3774963 C>G were 15.3%, 43.2%, and 41.5% in Chinese Han of Chengdu, and 25.7%, 47.5%, and 26.7% in Thai population, respectively. The frequencies of the C and G alleles were 36.9% and 63.1% in Chinese Han of Chengdu, and 49.5% and 50.5% in Thai population, respectively. There were significant differences in the genotypes and allele frequencies between the two groups. The frequencies of the AA, AG, and GG genotypes of rs11722146 A>G were 22.9%, 50.0%, and 27.1% in Chinese Han of Chengdu, and 18.8%, 53.5%, and 27.7% in Thai population, respectively. The frequencies of the A and G alleles were 47.9%, 52.1% in Chinese Hen of Chengdu, and 54.5%, 45.5% in Thai population, respectively. However, no statistically significant difference was observed between the two populations. Interestingly, when compared with the data from the International Haplotype Map Project, the genotypes and allele frequencies of NFKB1 gene rs11722146 A>G but not rs3774963 C>G in the Chinese Han of Chengdu were significantly different from those among European and Sub-Saharan African populations.CONCLUSION: NFKB1 gene polymorphism in diverse populations is significantly different.
|
['Base Sequence', 'China', 'Female', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Male', 'NF-kappa B p50 Subunit', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Thailand']
| 19,627,002
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['G05.330'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.260.600.124', 'D12.776.660.600.124', 'D12.776.930.600.124'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['Z01.252.145.841']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Exploring the technical aspects of "fit" in qualitative research.
|
The concept of fit and processes of fitting have been largely ignored in qualitative inquiry. In this article, the authors address the technical significance of fit as an analytic process for both data and concepts in the process of theory construction. The ramifications of violating processes of fit and examples of misfits are discussed. Finally, the procedural components and fit as a method of validation are presented.
|
['Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Health Services Research', 'Humans', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Research Design']
| 11,710,081
|
[['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['H01.770.644.145.360', 'N03.349.380', 'N05.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599'], ['E05.581.500', 'H01.770.644.728']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Responses of tooth eruption and alveolar bone subject to somatic growth retardation in the rat.
|
The morphogenesis and regression of the osteodental fissure formed by alveolar bone in the maxillary and mandibular regions has been investigated in relation to eruption of the dentition during and following a period of somatic retardation stemming from nutritional suppression. Fissural formation occurred above the first and second molars of the maxilla and mandible, morphologically within normal limits but retarded by two days. During eruption a sequence of cuspal perforations of the alveolar bone took place behind the edge of the alveolar crest which later disintegrated as the bulk of the crown moved upwards. The appearance of the specific cusps of the experimental animals was two days behind that of the controls. Eruption through the oral mucosa was fairly rapid and the deficit noted in the bone emergence phase was reduced to one day. As in control animals, fissural formation did not occur over the third molars which were totally encapsulated by bone. Eruption of third molars in experimental animals was similar to control observations- no difference in timing and the removal of the encapsulating bone being achieved by the rapid enlarging of a wedge-shaped area at the mesio-occlusal aspect. Observation of eruption through alveolar bone is regarded as a more accurate assessment of changes in the early phases.
|
['Alveolar Process', 'Animals', 'Female', 'Incisor', 'Male', 'Mandible', 'Maxillofacial Development', 'Molar', 'Morphogenesis', 'Nutrition Disorders', 'Rats', 'Time Factors', 'Tooth Eruption']
| 7,257,885
|
[['A02.835.232.781.324.502.125', 'A14.521.125', 'A14.549.167.646.094'], ['B01.050'], ['A14.549.167.860.425'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.632', 'A14.521.632'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.050.500.478', 'G11.427.578.050.500.478'], ['A14.549.167.860.525'], ['G07.345.500'], ['C18.654'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G01.910.857'], ['G10.549.810']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Impaired phagocytic activity of neutrophils in patients receiving haemodialysis: the critical role of iron overload.
|
The metabolic burst (as measured by the spontaneous and stimulated nitroblue tetrazolium tests), the phagocytosis of heat inactivated bakers' yeast and of Staphylococcus aureus, the killing of Staph aureus, and the myeloperoxidase activity of polymorphonuclear neutrophils were studied in 11 patients receiving maintenance haemodialysis. Of these patients, six were polytransfused and had high serum ferritin concentrations (mean 5940 (SD 2925) micrograms/l; group 1), and five had normal serum ferritin values (mean 171 (116) micrograms/l; group 2). Patients in group 1 had a history of more infectious episodes (0.167 v 0.025 per patient per month) and significantly more genitourinary infections (p = 0.015) than those in group 2. Phagocytosis and myeloperoxidase activity were severely reduced in group 1 but normal in group 2. Percentages of neutrophils ingesting one or more particles together with the index of phagocytosis in patients' serum were inversely correlated with serum ferritin concentrations. Four patients in group 1 were treated with desferrioxamine, and after six to 18 weeks of treatment phagocytosis and myeloperoxidase activity had returned to normal in three of them. These data suggest that in patients receiving haemodialysis iron overload due to multiple transfusions plays an important part in the mechanisms underlying the susceptibility to bacterial infections, mediated at least partially through impaired neutrophil function.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Deferoxamine', 'Ferritins', 'Humans', 'Iron', 'Middle Aged', 'Neutrophils', 'Peroxidase', 'Phagocytosis', 'Renal Dialysis']
| 2,992,675
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D02.092.570.394.265', 'D02.241.511.372.265'], ['D12.776.157.427.249', 'D12.776.556.579.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['D08.811.682.732.700'], ['G04.417.350', 'G09.188.665', 'G12.450.564.809', 'G12.688'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
DNA damage in metabolic syndrome and its association with antioxidative and oxidative measurements.
|
The purpose of this study was to assess DNA damage levels in subjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Sixty-five subjects with MetS and 65 controls were enrolled in this study. Levels of DNA damage, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total peroxide and oxidative stress index (OSI) were measured. We found that DNA damage levels were significantly increased [155.5 (60-264) vs. 93.2 (0-208) arbitrary units; p < 0.001] and TAC levels were significantly decreased in MetS than in control (1.34 +/- 0.27 vs. 55 +/- 0.33 mmol Trolox equivalent/l; p < 0.001). A significant falling trend in TAC levels and a significant rising trend in DNA damage values with the increase in the number of metabolic disturbances (anova p < 0.001 for both) were observed. Total peroxide (30.9 +/- 4.9 vs. 21.3 +/- 2.5 micromol H2O2/l; p < 0.001) and OSI levels [2.4 (1.3-3.8) vs. 1.4 (0.7-2.3) arbitrary units; p < 0.001] were significantly higher in the subjects with MetS than in controls. We found significant negative correlation between DNA damage and TAC levels in MetS (r = -0.656, p < 0.001) and in control (r = -0.546, p < 0.001). In multiple linear regression analysis, age, body mass index, presence of MetS and number of the components of MetS were independent predictors of log-transformed DNA damage (p < 0.05, for all). DNA damage is increased in patients with MetS. The increase in DNA damage might be occur because of the increase in the imbalance between the production of oxidants and antioxidant defences in subjects with MetS.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antioxidants', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Comet Assay', 'DNA Damage', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymphocytes', 'Male', 'Metabolic Syndrome', 'Middle Aged', 'Oxidants', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Peroxides']
| 16,981,963
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E05.196.401.153.150', 'E05.301.300.100.150', 'E05.393.560.150', 'E05.940.560.150'], ['G05.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['C18.452.394.968.500.570', 'C18.452.625'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D27.720.642', 'D27.888.569.540'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750', 'D01.339.431.374', 'D01.650.550.750', 'D02.389.338']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
TRAF6 activation of PI 3-kinase-dependent cytoskeletal changes is cooperative with Ras and is mediated by an interaction with cytoplasmic Src.
|
Interleukin 1 (IL-1) has been implicated in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. An expression vector encoding a PKB/Akt pleckstrin-homology domain fused to a fluorescent protein was used to detect phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) products. It was observed that PI 3-kinase was activated either by treatment with IL-1 or by expression of either TRAF6, Src, MyD88 or dominant-positive PI 3-kinase, and resulted in the formation of long filopodia-like cellular protrusions that appeared to branch at membrane sites consisting of clusters of phosphoinositide. This depended upon a TRAF6 polyproline motif and Src catalytic activity, and was blocked by inhibitors of PI 3-kinase, Src and Ras. Using both conventional and split fluorescent protein probes fused to expressed TRAF6 and Src in living cells, the polyproline sequence of TRAF6 and the Src-homology 3 (SH3) domain of Src were shown to be required for interaction between these two proteins. Interaction occurred within the cytoplasm, and not at either the cell membrane or cytoplasmic sequestosomes. In addition, co-transfection of vectors expressing fluorescent-protein-fused TRAF6 and non-fluorescent MyD88, IRAK1 and IRAK2 revealed an inverse correlation between increased sequestosome formation and activation of both PI 3-kinase and NF-kappaB. Although a key factor in TRAF6-dependent activation of PI 3-kinase, ectopic expression of Src was insufficient for NF-kappaB activation and, in contrast to NF-kappaB, was not inhibited by IRAK2.
|
['Actins', 'Amino Acid Motifs', 'Cell Line', 'Cytoskeleton', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-1', 'Models, Biological', 'NF-kappa B', 'Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src)', 'Pseudopodia', 'Signal Transduction', 'TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 6', 'Transfection']
| 16,569,657
|
[['D05.750.078.730.250', 'D12.776.210.500.100', 'D12.776.220.525.255'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500', 'G02.111.570.820.709.600.500'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400', 'D23.529.374.465.131', 'D23.529.374.500.400'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.500'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.500.600', 'D12.644.360.525.500.600', 'D12.776.157.325.515.500.600', 'D12.776.476.525.500.600', 'D12.776.624.664.700.200'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.800.630', 'D12.776.624.664.700.202'], ['A11.284.180.700'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.644.360.024.500.968', 'D12.776.157.057.500.968', 'D12.776.476.024.500.968'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Value of transthoracic echocardiography for the detection of high-grade coronary artery stenosis: prospective evaluation in 50 consecutive patients scheduled for coronary angiography.
|
We prospectively evaluated the feasibility of direct, transthoracic evaluation of coronary arteries to diagnose flow-limiting lesions. Second harmonic mode in B-mode and fundamental mode for Doppler examinations was used. A stenosis was diagnosed when maximal flow velocity at least doubled in comparison with that of the adjacent segment or when local velocity was at least 2 m/s. Of the left anterior descending coronary artery segments assessed, 34 were proximal, 35 middle, and 34 distal segments. The corresponding figures for circumflex coronary artery segments were 17 proximal and 11 middle segments and for the right coronary artery, 14 proximal and 15 distal segments. No distal circumflex and only 1 mid right coronary artery segment was visualized. Twenty-eight stenoses were diagnosed. Specificity for stenosis detection was 96% to 100% and sensitivity was 62% to 66%. Echo-cardiography was unable to document occlusions. Transthoracic echocardiography allows for coronary artery assessment in a significant portion of patients scheduled for coronary angiography. It may be used to document the presence of coronary artery stenosis. With further technologic improvements, transthoracic echocardiography could enable the monitoring of the restenosis process after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty/stent intervention and coronary artery luminal narrowing after heart transplantation.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Coronary Disease', 'Echocardiography, Doppler, Color', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 11,119,277
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.148.050.060.100', 'E04.100.376.719.100', 'E04.100.814.529.124.060.100', 'E04.100.814.529.968.050', 'E04.502.382.124.060.100', 'E04.502.382.968.050', 'E04.928.220.520.100', 'E05.157.016.060.100'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['E01.370.350.130.750.220.220', 'E01.370.350.850.220.220.220', 'E01.370.350.850.850.220.220', 'E01.370.350.850.850.850.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220.220.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The antihyperalgesic effect of venlafaxine in diabetic rats does not involve the opioid system.
|
Venlafaxine (VFX) is a structurally novel antidepressant that inhibits reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine but, unlike tricyclic antidepressants, has few side effects. The present work studies the antihyperalgesic effect of repeated administrations of VFX (five successive injections of 2.5, 5 or 10 mg/kg, s.c., every half-life) in diabetic rats with the paw pressure test and the effect of the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone (1 mg/kg, i.v.) because an opioidergic mechanism is usually considered to be involved in the analgesic effect of antidepressants. VFX induced a significant dose-dependent increase in vocalization thresholds. This effect was not reversed by naloxone. Thus, we demonstrate a clear antinociceptive effect of VFX which, unlike that of most mixed tricyclic antidepressants, does not involve the endogenous opioid system.
|
['Analgesics', 'Animals', 'Cyclohexanols', 'Diabetes Complications', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Hyperalgesia', 'Male', 'Naloxone', 'Narcotic Antagonists', 'Pain Threshold', 'Pressure', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Venlafaxine Hydrochloride', 'Vocalization, Animal']
| 12,727,329
|
[['D27.505.696.663.850.014', 'D27.505.954.427.040'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.033.415.510.500', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.318', 'D10.289.510.500'], ['C19.246.099'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['C10.597.751.791.400', 'C23.888.592.763.770.400'], ['D03.132.577.249.706', 'D03.605.497.750', 'D03.633.400.686.750', 'D04.615.723.795.706'], ['D27.505.696.543', 'D27.505.696.663.850.512', 'D27.505.954.427.550'], ['F02.463.593.710.560', 'F02.830.816.444.700', 'G11.561.790.444.700'], ['G01.374.715'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D02.033.415.510.500.901', 'D02.092.471.683.948', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.318.750', 'D10.289.510.500.901'], ['F01.145.113.055.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Optimizing the arterialized venous flap.
|
BACKGROUND: Outcome of arterialized venous flaps is quite varied. The authors' initial experiments showed that a good vascular bed contributes significantly to survival of the flap. In continuation of these experiments, this study aimed to understand the influence of architectural variations on flap outcome.METHODS: Fasciocutaneous flaps were designed on the ears of New Zealand rabbits, and the animals were randomized into four groups having flaps that used the larger anterior marginal vein (1.3 mm) or the smaller central vein (0.6 mm) for arterial inflow, with or without isolation of the flap from its bed with a silicone sheet. Flaps were observed for area of flap survival and vasculature was assessed by microangiography.RESULTS: Using the smaller central vein for arterial inflow (n = 15), arterialized venous flaps had an excellent outcome, with good flap survival in 100 percent of the animals (survival of >85 percent of flap area), and a mean flap survival area of 99.4 +/- 1.6 percent. Even when neovascularization was prevented by isolation of the flaps (n = 14), 92 percent of central vein flaps showed good survival, with a mean flap survival area of 93.3 +/- 7.3 percent, which was significantly better than that of anterior marginal vein flaps (n = 22), which showed good flap survival in only 27 percent of the animals (mean flap survival area, 76.4 +/- 12.1 percent).CONCLUSIONS: Survival of arterialized venous flaps is optimized by using smaller-caliber veins for inflow and reserving larger-caliber veins for outflow. This regulates inflow and avoids high blood pressure, and arterialized venous flaps behave as physiologic flaps do, by not relying on neovascularization for survival.
|
['Angiography', 'Animals', 'Arteries', 'Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical', 'Ear, External', 'Microcirculation', 'Models, Animal', 'Neovascularization, Physiologic', 'Rabbits', 'Regional Blood Flow', 'Surgical Flaps', 'Veins']
| 19,050,520
|
[['E01.370.350.700.060', 'E01.370.370.050'], ['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114'], ['E04.035.087', 'E04.100.814.868.249'], ['A09.246.272'], ['G09.330.100.645'], ['E05.598'], ['G09.330.630'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['G09.330.100.780'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710'], ['A07.015.908']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Development of CNC prototype for the characterization of the nanoparticle release during physical manipulation of nanocomposites.
|
This work focuses on the release of nanoparticles from commercially used nanocomposites during machining operations. A reliable and repeatable method was developed to assess the intentionally exposure to nanoparticles, in particular during drilling. This article presents the description and validation of results obtained from a new prototype used for the measurement and monitoring of nanoparticles in a controlled environment. This methodology was compared with the methodologies applied in other studies. Also, some preliminary experiments on drilling nanocomposites are included. Size, shape and chemical composition of the released nanoparticles were investigated in order to understand their hazard potential. No significant differences were found in the amount of nanoparticles released between samples with and without nanoadditives. Also, no chemical alteration was observed between the dust generated and the bulk material. Finally, further developments of the prototype are proposed.
|
['Air Pollutants', 'Dust', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Nanocomposites', 'Nanoparticles']
| 26,889,574
|
[['D27.888.284.101'], ['D20.633.222'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['J01.637.512.150'], ['J01.637.512.600']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Whole-Body and Local Muscle Vibration Immediately Improve Quadriceps Function in Individuals With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.
|
OBJECTIVE: To determine the immediate effects of a single session of whole-body vibration (WBV) and local muscle vibration (LMV) on quadriceps function in individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).DESIGN: Singe-blind, randomized crossover trial.SETTING: Research laboratory.PARTICIPANTS: Population-based sample of individuals with ACLR (N=20; mean age ± SD, 21.1±1.2y; mean mass ± SD, 68.3±14.9kg; mean time ± SD since ACLR, 50.7±21.3mo; 14 women; 16 patellar tendon autografts, 3 hamstring autografts, 1 allograft).INTERVENTIONS: Participants performed isometric squats while being exposed to WBV, LMV, or no vibration (control). Interventions were delivered in a randomized order during separate visits separated by 1 week.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Quadriceps active motor threshold (AMT), motor-evoked potential (MEP) amplitude, Hoffmann reflex (H-reflex) amplitude, peak torque (PT), rate of torque development (RTD), electromyographic amplitude, and central activation ratio (CAR) were assessed before and immediately after a WBV, LMV, or control intervention.RESULTS: There was an increase in CAR (+4.9%, P=.001) and electromyographic amplitude (+16.2%, P=.002), and a reduction in AMT (-3.1%, P<.001) after WBV, and an increase in CAR (+2.7%, P=.001) and a reduction in AMT (-2.9%, P<.001) after LMV. No effect was observed after WBV or LMV in H-reflex, RTD, or MEP amplitude. AMT (-3.7%, P<.001), CAR (+5.7%, P=.005), PT (+.31Nm/kg, P=.004), and electromyographic amplitude (P=.002) in the WBV condition differed from the control condition postapplication. AMT (-3.0% P=.002), CAR (+3.6%, P=.005), and PT (+.30Nm/kg, P=.002) in the LMV condition differed from the control condition postapplication. No differences were observed between WBV and LMV postapplication in any measurement.CONCLUSIONS: WBV and LMV acutely improved quadriceps function and could be useful modalities for restoring quadriceps strength in individuals with knee pathologies.
|
['Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Evoked Potentials, Motor', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Isometric Contraction', 'Knee Joint', 'Male', 'Muscle Strength', 'Physical Therapy Modalities', 'Quadriceps Muscle', 'Single-Blind Method', 'Torque', 'Vibration', 'Young Adult']
| 26,869,286
|
[['E04.555.110.026', 'E04.680.101.026'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['G07.265.216.500.385', 'G11.561.200.500.385'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G11.427.494.472'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['E01.370.600.425', 'G11.427.560'], ['E02.779', 'E02.831.535'], ['A02.633.567.850'], ['E05.318.370.850', 'N05.715.360.325.730', 'N06.850.520.445.850'], ['G01.374.860.500'], ['G01.374.930'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cytogenotoxicity of selected organophosphate insecticides on HaCaT keratinocytes and NL-20 human bronchial cells.
|
Organophosphate insecticides (OI) are widely used. To humans the main routes of exposure are skin and inhalation. For this, keratinocytes (HaCaT) and bronchial cells (NL-20) were used as cell culture models to evaluate the effects of OI. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of four OI on HaCaT and NL-20 cells: azinphos-methyl, (AM); parathion-methyl (PM); omethoate (OM); and methamidophos (MET). Cells were exposed to 0.1, 1 and 10 ìg/ìL of each. Results showed a decrease in cell viability in both cell lines. Viability of the NL-20 cell line decreased with the three concentrations of OM. All differences were significant (p < 0.05). Genotoxic damage, evaluated through the comet assay, was observed in both cell lines with AM. NL-20 cell line was more sensitive than HaCaT. Higher concentrations of the insecticides except MET, induced cell death. MET caused DNA damage in HaCaT cells at all concentrations. Differences were significant (p < 0.05). Both cell lines revealed the presence of single membrane vacuoles of different sizes when exposed to 1 ìg/ìL of each insecticide. Quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) showed an increase of BN1 gene in HaCaT by effect of AM and MET at 1 ìg/ìL. In conclusion, all the insecticides induced different levels of cyto and genotoxic effects in both cell lines.
|
['Bronchi', 'Cell Death', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Survival', 'Comet Assay', 'DNA Damage', 'Humans', 'Insecticides', 'Keratinocytes', 'Mutagens', 'Organophosphorus Compounds']
| 26,688,254
|
[['A04.411.125'], ['G04.146'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.346'], ['E05.196.401.153.150', 'E05.301.300.100.150', 'E05.393.560.150', 'E05.940.560.150'], ['G05.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.720.031.700.491', 'D27.888.723.491'], ['A11.409.500', 'A11.436.397'], ['D27.888.569.468'], ['D02.705']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mason type II radial head fractures: operative versus nonoperative treatment.
|
The most appropriate treatment of Mason type II radial head fractures remains controversial. Recommended treatment has included closed reduction and immobilization, resection, or open reduction and internal fixation. The cases of 29 Mason type II radial head fractures treated at Naval Hospital Oakland from 1983 to 1989 were identified. Twenty-six or 90% were available for detailed follow-up. All cases underwent standardized elbow evaluations and results were compared using an elbow score based on a 100-point scale. The parameters evaluated were pain, motion, elbow and grip strength, and function in activities of daily living. In addition, injury and follow-up radiographs were analyzed. Mean follow-up was 18 months. There were 10 cases treated by open reduction and internal fixation and 16 cases treated by closed means. At final follow-up, the operatively treated group had a mean elbow score of 92 and 90% good/excellent results. The nonoperatively treated group had a mean elbow score of 77 and 44% good/excellent results. This difference was statistically significant (p less than 0.01). Radiographic analysis revealed a higher incidence of articular depression, displacement, and joint narrowing in the nonoperatively treated group. We conclude that displaced radial head fractures treated nonoperatively have a higher incidence of pain, functional limitations, loss of strength, and radiographic evidence of arthritis when compared to those treated by open reduction and internal fixation.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Fractures, Closed', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radiography', 'Radius', 'Radius Fractures', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 1,403,245
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C26.404.124'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['A02.835.232.087.090.700'], ['C26.088.268.556', 'C26.404.562'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of copper addition on the superelastic behavior of Ni-Ti shape memory alloys for orthodontic applications.
|
Transformation temperatures and mechanical properties such as transformation stresses at different temperatures, superelasticity characteristics, and load cycling behavior have been investigated in NiTiCu orthodontic archwires with various copper concentrations. The results have been compared with the conventional NiTi orthodontic archwires. The addition of copper was effective in narrowing the stress hysteresis and in stabilizing the superelasticity characteristics against cyclic deformation, with the result that the slope of the load-deflection unloading curve of the alloy is lower than NiTi. Moreover, it produced greater stability of both the transformation temperature and the force applied to the teeth for a determined design and wire cross-section. On the other hand, the presence of copper in NiTi orthodontic archwires reduced the ageing effect. Studies of ion release in artificial saliva showed only small quantities after long periods of immersion.
|
['Copper', 'Dental Alloys', 'Elasticity', 'Humans', 'Nickel', 'Orthodontic Appliances', 'Titanium']
| 10,490,682
|
[['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['D25.339.208', 'J01.637.051.339.208'], ['G01.374.590'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.556.607', 'D01.268.956.625', 'D01.552.544.607'], ['E06.658.453'], ['D01.268.557.800', 'D01.268.956.878', 'D01.552.547.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dynamic CT perfusion imaging with acetazolamide challenge for evaluation of patients with unilateral cerebrovascular steno-occlusive disease.
|
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Perfusion CT (PCT) has the ability to measure quantitative values and produce maps of cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), and mean transit time (MTT). We assessed cerebral hemodynamics by using these parameters and acetazolamide challenge in patients with cerebrovascular steno-occlusive disease.METHODS: Fifteen patients underwent PCT with acetazolamide challenge. Comparison of mean CBF, CBV, and MTT was determined between hemispheres and before and after acetazolamide challenge. Hemispheric ratio and percent change due to acetazolamide administration were also calculated. Absolute values and percent changes 2 SDs outside the mean from the nonstenotic hemispheres were defined as abnormal.RESULTS: Significant decreases in CBF (-25.1%, P = .003) and significant increases in MTT (47.1%, P < .001) were found in stenotic hemispheres. After acetazolamide challenge, significant changes in CBF (-39.5%, P < .001) and MTT (92.9%, P < .001) were also seen. The acetazolamide test significantly decreased CBF hemispheric ratio (-20.3%, P < .001) and increased MTT hemispheric ratio (30.8%, P = .002), making both maps more asymmetric. Significance in CBF and MTT percent changes (P < .001 and P = .005, respectively) was found between hemispheres. When CBF percent changes were assumed to represent the true determinant of hemodynamic impairment, normal ranges of baseline MTT value and MTT percent changes demonstrated sensitivities of 66.7% and 100% and specificities of 58.3% and 75%, respectively, for detecting patients with hemodynamic impairment.CONCLUSION: Parameters obtained from PCT with acetazolamide are promising for the evaluation of cerebral hemodynamics in patients with cerebrovascular steno-occlusive disease.
|
['Acetazolamide', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Basal Ganglia', 'Blood Circulation', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Blood Volume', 'Brain', 'Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors', 'Carotid Artery, Internal', 'Carotid Stenosis', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Cerebral Infarction', 'Cerebrovascular Disorders', 'Dominance, Cerebral', 'Female', 'Homeostasis', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery', 'Injections, Intravenous', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Reference Values', 'Regional Blood Flow', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 17,032,859
|
[['D02.886.675.867.060', 'D03.383.129.708.867.060'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249'], ['G09.330.100'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['G09.188.130', 'G09.330.380.092'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D27.505.519.389.200'], ['A07.015.114.186.200.230'], ['C10.228.140.300.200.360', 'C14.907.137.230', 'C14.907.253.123.360'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['C10.228.140.300.150.477.200', 'C10.228.140.300.775.200.200', 'C14.907.253.092.477.200', 'C14.907.253.855.200.200', 'C23.550.513.355.250.200', 'C23.550.717.489.250.200'], ['C10.228.140.300', 'C14.907.253'], ['F02.830.297', 'G11.561.225'], ['G07.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['C10.228.140.300.150.477.200.450', 'C10.228.140.300.510.200.387', 'C10.228.140.300.775.200.200.450', 'C14.907.253.092.477.200.450', 'C14.907.253.560.200.387', 'C14.907.253.855.200.200.450', 'C23.550.513.355.250.200.450', 'C23.550.717.489.250.200.450'], ['E02.319.267.082.750', 'E02.319.267.530.540'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.978.810'], ['G09.330.100.780'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Structural basis for the glycosyltransferase activity of the Salmonella
|
The Salmonella-secreted effector SseK3 translocates into host cells, targeting innate immune responses, including NF-êB activation. SseK3 is a glycosyltransferase that transfers an N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) moiety onto the guanidino group of a target arginine, modulating host cell function. However, a lack of structural information has precluded elucidation of the molecular mechanisms in arginine and GlcNAc selection. We report here the crystal structure of SseK3 in its apo form and in complex with hydrolyzed UDP-GlcNAc. SseK3 possesses the typical glycosyltransferase type-A (GT-A)-family fold and the metal-coordinating DXD motif essential for ligand binding and enzymatic activity. Several conserved residues were essential for arginine GlcNAcylation and SseK3-mediated inhibition of NF-êB activation. Isothermal titration calorimetry revealed SseK3's preference for manganese coordination. The pattern of interactions in the substrate-bound SseK3 structure explained the selection of the primary ligand. Structural rearrangement of the C-terminal residues upon ligand binding was crucial for SseK3's catalytic activity, and NMR analysis indicated that SseK3 has limited UDP-GlcNAc hydrolysis activity. The release of free N-acetyl á-d-glucosamine, and the presence of the same molecule in the SseK3 active site, classified it as a retaining glycosyltransferase. A glutamate residue in the active site suggested a double-inversion mechanism for the arginine N-glycosylation reaction. Homology models of SseK1, SseK2, and the Escherichia coli orthologue NleB1 reveal differences in the surface electrostatic charge distribution, possibly accounting for their diverse activities. This first structure of a retaining GT-A arginine N-glycosyltransferase provides an important step toward a better understanding of this enzyme class and their roles as bacterial effectors.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Catalytic Domain', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Glycosyltransferases', 'Humans', 'Models, Molecular', 'Protein Conformation', 'Salmonella Infections', 'Salmonella typhimurium', 'Sequence Alignment']
| 29,449,376
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.120.704', 'G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.188'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['D08.811.913.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.821'], ['B03.440.450.425.800.200.825', 'B03.660.250.150.710.160.760'], ['E05.393.751']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Myocardial blood flow and VO2 in lambs with an aortopulmonary shunt during strenuous exercise.
|
To determine how much myocardial O2 consumption (VO2) would increase during an additional load on the heart in shunt as compared with control lambs, we studied 12 7-wk-old lambs with an aortopulmonary left-to-right shunt (59 +/- 3% of left ventricular output, mean +/- SE) and 11 control lambs during exercise at 80% of their predetermined peak VO2 (VO2peak), at 12 +/- 1 days after surgery. During exercise, systolic aortic pressure increased by 25% in the two groups. Left atrial pressure and left ventricular stroke volume did not change significantly and remained considerably higher in shunt than in control lambs. Heart rate, however, increased less in shunt than in control lambs (163 +/- 8 to 235 +/- 8 vs. 107 +/- 7 to 230 +/- 8 beats/min). The same was true for left ventricular myocardial blood flow (245 +/- 19 to 391 +/- 27 vs. 128 +/- 10 to 320 +/- 45 ml.min-1 x 100 g-1) and myocardial VO2 (847 +/- 101 to 1,692 +/- 136 vs. 528 +/- 58 to 1,579 +/- 178 mumol O2 x min-1 x 100 g-1). We conclude that, despite the volume load, myocardial VO2 of shunt lambs does not increase to a greater extent than in control lambs during a considerable additional load on the heart.
|
['Anastomosis, Surgical', 'Animals', 'Aorta', 'Atrial Function, Left', 'Blood Pressure', 'Coronary Circulation', 'Heart Rate', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Physical Exertion', 'Pulmonary Artery', 'Sheep', 'Stroke Volume', 'Ventricular Function, Left']
| 8,456,994
|
[['E04.035'], ['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056'], ['G09.330.040.100'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['G09.330.100.324'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['G03.680'], ['G11.427.683'], ['A07.015.114.715'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['E01.370.370.380.150.700', 'G09.330.380.124.882'], ['G09.330.955.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Genesis and clinical aspects of functional diseases].
|
A new approach of patients with functional disorders is proposed, as a result of an original experience: within a Department of internal Medicine we created a permanent place for listening to patients. This work is devoted to the genesis and clinical aspects of functional disorders. At the start, the functional disorder is bipolar, but meeting the psychotherapist introduces a third dimension. We enlight the specificity of somatization in functional disorders.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Psychophysiologic Disorders']
| 6,651,097
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.888.592.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Skeletal muscle myopathy caused by triton WR-1339.
|
After administration (1 g/kg every other day for a total of five injections) of Triton WR-1339, the tonic, anterior (ALD) and phasic, posterior (PLD) latissimus dorsi muscles of the chicken underwent distinct pathological modifications. Some of the morphological alterations in the muscles paralleled those seen after administration of chloroquine, increased autophagic vacuole formation in the ALD muscle and swelling of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in the PLD muscle, but other changes were unique to Triton WR-1339. These included loss of myofilaments and whole myofibrils, indentation of the sarcolemma as well as increased numbers of ribosomes in the ALD muscle and swelling of the T-tubular system in the PLD muscle. These results are compared with other lysosome mediated pathologies, as well as with other myopathies.
|
['Animals', 'Chickens', 'Cytoskeleton', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Muscles', 'Muscular Diseases', 'Myofibrils', 'Polyethylene Glycols', 'Sarcoplasmic Reticulum', 'Surface-Active Agents']
| 6,119,838
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['C05.651', 'C10.668.491'], ['A10.690.552.875', 'A11.284.430.214.190.750.620', 'A11.620.249.850', 'A11.620.500.500'], ['D02.033.455.250.700', 'D05.750.741', 'D25.720.741', 'J01.637.051.720.741'], ['A10.690.552.500.500.850', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.248.310.800'], ['D27.720.877']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The Top End Mental Health Services General Practice Clinic: an initiative for patients with serious mental illness.
|
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to provide an overview of the benefits of establishing a general practice clinic within a community mental health service. The clinic was established via collaboration between the Division of General Practice and the Mental Health Service.METHODS: Data collected over 19 months during the operation of the General Practice Clinic were compared to national benchmarks for similar general practice data.RESULTS: The clinic was able to offer much longer appointments than would normally be available in most general practices. This allowed for comprehensive screening of serious illness as well as health promotion activities.CONCLUSIONS: The General Practice Clinic was able to address the significant health needs for patients with serious mental illness in a manner that was ahead of national benchmarks for this patient group. Barriers to care in the patient group, such as stigma and non-attendance, were overcome by coordination between the general practitioners staffing the clinic and their collaboration with the case managers and reception staff of the service.
|
['Ambulatory Care Facilities', 'Australia', 'Benchmarking', 'Community Mental Health Services', 'Health Promotion', 'Health Status', 'Humans', 'Mass Screening', 'Mental Disorders', 'Patient Care Team', 'Primary Health Care']
| 17,464,637
|
[['N02.278.035'], ['Z01.639.100', 'Z01.678.100.373'], ['N04.452.500.150', 'N04.761.685.150', 'N04.761.700.150', 'N05.700.150', 'N05.715.360.650.150'], ['F04.408.307', 'N02.421.143.183', 'N02.421.461.232'], ['I02.233.332.445', 'N02.421.726.407.579'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['F03'], ['N04.590.715'], ['N04.590.233.727']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Diminished superoxide production of synovial fluid neutrophils in patients with rheumatoid arthritis following piroxicam treatment.
|
Superoxide production by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and macrophages was inhibited by piroxicam and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs both in vitro and in vivo. Hitherto, data have only been available on blood PMNs and macrophages. In order to investigate the situation in the joint, PMNs were isolated from synovial fluid before and after 24 h of piroxicam treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Isolated PMNs were stimulated with PMA and serum-treated zymosan. The capacity of synovial fluid PMNs to produce superoxide decreased by 30% after piroxicam treatment. A similar decrease was found for blood PMNs. No difference in superoxide production was found between blood PMNs and synovial fluid PMNs which were obtained simultaneously. From the fact that the piroxicam concentration in synovial fluid was 40% of the serum value, it can be concluded that piroxicam probably became bound to PMNs before they entered the joint cavity. These results indicate that at the site of the inflammation the superoxide production by PMNs is inhibited by piroxicam treatment. The inhibition of superoxide production is probably important in the effect of piroxicam and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in rheumatoid arthritis.
|
['Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Humans', 'Neutrophils', 'Piroxicam', 'Superoxides', 'Synovial Fluid']
| 2,159,656
|
[['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['D02.886.665.500', 'D03.383.855.500'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.850', 'D01.339.431.374.850', 'D01.650.550.750.800', 'D02.389.338.732'], ['A02.835.583.443.800.800', 'A12.207.270.847']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Life After the Event: A Review of Basic Life Support Training for Parents Following Apparent Life-Threatening Events and Their Experience and Practices Following Discharge.
|
Apparent Life-Threatening Events (ALTEs) are a common presentation to paediatric hospitals and represent a significant cause of parental anxiety. Basic Life Support (BLS) training is recommended for all caregivers following ALTEs. This study aimed to assess the rate of caregiver BLS training and reviewed parents experience following discharge. Parents were interviewed by phone following discharge. Over the study period 25 children attended the Emergency Department with ALTE, 17/25 (68%) were trained and 13/17 (76%) were contactable for interview. All parents found training decreased their anxiety level and were interested in attending for re-training. BLS resuscitation was subsequently required by 2/13 (15%) of children. Non-medical grade monitors were in use by 10/13 (77%) of caregivers following discharge. Caregivers are eager to engage in BLS training and it effectively reduces their caregiver anxiety. We recommend an increase in instructor staff and use of group re-training post discharge.
|
['Anxiety', 'Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation', 'Child', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Humans', 'Life Support Care', 'Parents', 'Patient Discharge']
| 28,737,312
|
[['F01.470.132'], ['E02.365.647.110'], ['M01.060.406'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.440', 'N02.421.585.440'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['E02.760.169.125', 'E02.760.400.610', 'N02.421.585.169.125', 'N02.421.585.400.610', 'N04.590.233.727.210.125']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Current experience with thiamphenicol in uncomplicated gonococcal urethritis.
|
Use of thiamphenicol for the treatment of uncomplicated gonococcal urethritis was evaluated in 96 cases occurring between 1971 and 1975 and in 60 cases occurring between 1982 and 1983. Results in both groups of patients were nearly identical. Evidence indicates that gonococcal strains have not developed resistance to thiamphenicol during the ten years of its use. Thiamphenicol is still a highly effective agent for the treatment of gonococcal urethritis.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Chronic Disease', 'Gonorrhea', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Thiamphenicol', 'Urethritis']
| 6,523,321
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['C01.150.252.400.625.275', 'C01.150.252.734.401', 'C01.221.812.281.401', 'C01.778.281.401', 'C12.294.668.281.401', 'C13.351.500.711.281.401'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.033.455.706.300.850', 'D02.455.426.559.389.565.175.850', 'D02.640.529.175.850'], ['C12.777.767.851', 'C13.351.968.767.851']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Differential formation of hydroxyl radicals by adriamycin in sensitive and resistant MCF-7 human breast tumor cells: implications for the mechanism of action.
|
Adriamycin-stimulated formation of .OH in sensitive and resistant subline of human breast tumor cells (MCF-7) has been examined by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. It was shown that adriamycin significantly stimulated the formation of .OH spin adducts [5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO)-OH] in the sensitive cells but not in the resistant cells. By use of spin-broadening techniques and inhibition of .OH with high molecular weight poly(ethylene glycol), which does not enter intact cells, it was shown that 60-65% of adriamycin-induced .OH were located extracellularly and were metal ion dependent since they were decreased in the presence of desferal. Furthermore, superoxide dismutase and catalase, enzymes that detoxify superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, also significantly inhibited adriamycin-induced .OH formation and protected against the cytotoxicity of adriamycin. The differential .OH formation in these two cell lines is not due to diminished activities of flavin-dependent activating enzymes nor decreased accumulation of the drug in the cells but appears to be related to enhanced activities of detoxifying enzymes, particularly, glutathione peroxidases in the resistant cells.
|
['Breast Neoplasms', 'Catalase', 'Cell Line', 'Colony-Forming Units Assay', 'Cyclic N-Oxides', 'Deferoxamine', 'Doxorubicin', 'Drug Resistance', 'Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Female', 'Free Radicals', 'Glutathione Peroxidase', 'Humans', 'Hydroxides', 'Hydroxyl Radical', 'Oxygen', 'Superoxide Dismutase', 'Tumor Stem Cell Assay']
| 2,820,475
|
[['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['D08.811.682.732.332'], ['A11.251.210'], ['E01.370.225.500.383', 'E05.200.500.383', 'E05.242.383'], ['D03.661.243'], ['D02.092.570.394.265', 'D02.241.511.372.265'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200.175', 'D04.615.562.050.200.175', 'D09.408.051.059.200.175'], ['G07.690.773.984'], ['E05.196.867.519.274'], ['D01.339', 'D02.389'], ['D08.811.682.732.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.045.250', 'D01.248.497.158.459'], ['D01.045.250.357', 'D01.248.497.158.459.300', 'D01.339.431.249'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['D08.811.682.881'], ['E01.370.225.500.383.910', 'E01.370.225.500.388.930', 'E05.200.500.383.910', 'E05.200.500.388.930', 'E05.242.383.910', 'E05.242.417.500', 'E05.337.550.200.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Leukocytes in the cervix: a quantitative evaluation of cervicitis.
|
OBJECTIVE: To quantify the numbers of leukocytes in the normal cervix and relate these numbers to the diagnosis of cervicitis.METHODS: Isolated cell suspensions were prepared from cervical tissue recovered at hysterectomy from 37 women who had no obvious cervical disease. The percentages of CD45+ cells (leukocytes) in these preparations were determined using immunofluorescence-based flow cytometric analysis. These percentages were compared with the pathologist's assessment of cervicitis.RESULTS: Leukocytes were present in all cervical samples tested. For endocervical samples, the mean (+/- standard error of the mean [SEM]) percentage of CD45+ cells was 12.4 +/- 1.9% of cells in patients with a diagnosis of cervicitis (n = 16) and 9.1 +/- 1.1% in patients without cervicitis (n = 17). For ectocervical samples, the mean (+/- SEM) percentage was 14.8 +/- 3.0% in those with cervicitis (n = 16) and 9.5 +/- 1.6% in those without cervicitis (n = 19). The differences between samples from patients with cervicitis and those without cervicitis were not statistically significant at the .05 level. Intra- and interassay variabilities were 5.7 +/- 1.2% and 7.3 +/- 1.6%, respectively.CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrates there is a resident population of leukocytes in the cervix. Leukocyte number did not relate clearly and consistently to the diagnosis of cervicitis made by the pathologist. We suggest that the resident population of leukocytes, in the absence of other indicators of infection, may confuse determinations of cervicitis.
|
['Cell Count', 'Cervix Uteri', 'Female', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Humans', 'Leukocyte Common Antigens', 'Leukocytes', 'Middle Aged', 'Uterine Cervicitis']
| 9,611,010
|
[['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['A05.360.319.679.256'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.775.400.100.500', 'D12.644.360.587.100.500', 'D12.776.476.592.100.500', 'D12.776.543.733.937.500'], ['A11.118.637', 'A15.145.229.637', 'A15.382.490'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C13.351.500.852.593.150']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Alveolar Macrophages Can Control Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in the Absence of Type I Interferons.
|
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of lower respiratory tract infections. Immunity to RSV is initiated upon detection of the virus by pattern recognition receptors, such as RIG-I-like receptors. RIG-I-like receptors signal via MAVS to induce the synthesis of proinflammatory mediators, including type I interferons (IFNs), which trigger and shape antiviral responses and protect cells from infection. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are amongst the first cells to encounter invading viruses and the ones producing type I IFNs. However, it is unclear whether IFNs act to prevent AMs from serving as vehicles for viral replication. In this study, primary AMs from MAVS (Mavs-/-)- or type I IFN receptor (Ifnar1-/-)-deficient mice were exposed to RSV ex vivo. Wild-type (wt) AMs but not Mavs-/- and Ifnar1-/- AMs produced inflammatory mediators in response to RSV. Furthermore, Mavs-/- and Ifnar1-/- AMs accumulated more RSV proteins than wt AMs, but the infection was abortive. Thus, RIG-I-like receptor-MAVS and IFNAR signalling are important for the induction of proinflammatory mediators from AMs upon RSV infection, but this signalling is not central for controlling viral replication. The ability to restrict viral replication makes AMs ideal sensors of RSV infection and important initiators of immune responses in the lung.
|
['Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing', 'Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytokines', 'Inflammation Mediators', 'Interferon Type I', 'Macrophages, Alveolar', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta', 'Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections', 'Respiratory Syncytial Viruses', 'Signal Transduction', 'Virus Replication']
| 27,423,203
|
[['D12.644.360.024', 'D12.776.157.057', 'D12.776.476.024'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['D23.469'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890', 'D23.529.374.440.890'], ['A11.329.372.600', 'A11.627.482.600', 'A11.733.397.600', 'A15.382.670.522.600', 'A15.382.680.397.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.400.500'], ['C01.925.782.580.600.550.750'], ['B04.820.480.937.600.670.600.750'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Single-cell transcriptional analysis of neuronal progenitors.
|
The extraordinary cellular heterogeneity of the mammalian nervous system has largely hindered the molecular analysis of neuronal identity and diversity. In order to uncover mechanisms involved in neuronal differentiation and diversification, we have monitored the expression profiles of individual neurons and progenitor cells collected from dissociated tissue or captured from intact slices. We demonstrate that this technique provides a sensitive and reproducible representation of the single-cell transcriptome. In the olfactory system, hundreds of transcriptional differences were identified between olfactory progenitors and mature sensory neurons, enabling us to define the large variety of signaling pathways expressed by individual progenitors at a precise developmental stage. Finally, we show that regional differences in gene expression can be predicted from transcriptional analysis of single neuronal precursors isolated by laser capture from defined areas of the developing brain.
|
['Animals', 'Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Separation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'DNA, Complementary', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Humans', 'Lasers', 'Mice', 'Neuroglia', 'Neurons', 'Neurons, Afferent', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'Olfactory Mucosa', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Signal Transduction', 'Stem Cells', 'Transcription Factors', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 12,718,852
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.260.103', 'D12.776.930.125'], ['G04.152'], ['E01.370.225.500.363', 'E05.200.500.363', 'E05.242.363'], ['A11.251'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['D12.776.260'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.632.490', 'E07.710.520'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A08.637', 'A11.650'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['A08.675.650', 'A11.671.650'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611'], ['A04.531.520.573', 'A04.760.600.640', 'A09.531.623', 'A10.615.550.760.600.640'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A11.872'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Partial purification from hot dogs of N-nitroso compound precursors and their mutagenicity after nitrosation.
|
Hot dogs contain apparent N-nitroso compounds (ANC) and ANC precursors (ANCP). ANCP purification was followed by nitrosation, sulfamic acid treatment, and analysis for ANC. Aqueous hot dog extracts were adsorbed on silica gel, which was eluted with MeCN and MeOH. The MeOH eluate was adsorbed on cation exchange resin (H+ form) and eluted with NH4OH. Eluted ANCP traveled at moderate speeds in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on amino and Pb2+ columns. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) of trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives of crude water extract indicated the presence of glycerol, phosphate, lactic acid, and two monosaccharides. GC-MS of TMS derivatives of Pb2+ column HPLC eluates indicated that ANCP included 1-deoxy-N-1-glucosyl glycine. The nitrosated NH4OH eluate showed 4x background mutagenic activity for Salmonella typhimurium TA-100. Un-nitrosated fractions showed 2x background activity. Although tryptophan nitrosation gave 88% ANC yield, tryptophan is probably not a major ANCP in hot dogs. Hot dog patties prepared with or without sucrose or glucose showed similar ANC and ANCP levels. We discuss possible implications of these findings for the etiology of colon cancer.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Drug Stability', 'Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry', 'Glucose', 'Meat Products', 'Mutagenicity Tests', 'Mutagens', 'Nitrosation', 'Nitroso Compounds', 'Sucrose']
| 16,848,563
|
[['D12.125'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['E05.916.330'], ['E05.196.181.349.500', 'E05.196.566.500'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['G07.203.300.600.500', 'J02.500.600.500'], ['E05.393.560', 'E05.940.560'], ['D27.888.569.468'], ['G02.111.595', 'G02.607.598', 'G03.558'], ['D02.654'], ['D09.698.629.305.770', 'D09.947.750.770']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Breast cancer in Argentina: case-control study with special reference to meat eating habits.
|
An exploratory case-control study of the role of diet in the etiology of breast cancer was conducted in Buenos Aires, Argentina, where the mortality rate for this disease is high and the consumption of meat, mainly beef, is unusually elevated (76.2 kilograms per head were reported for 1987). One hundred and ninety-six women with breast cancer admitted to the Institute of Oncology "Angel H. Roffo" and 205 controls were interviewed to obtain information on demographic, socio-economic and reproductive variables, on frequency of consumption of 40 food items, and on methods of cooking. Special emphasis was given to different kinds of meat. After controlling for other risk factors for breast cancer the major dietary associations observed were a statistically insignificant trend of increasing risk with amount of beef consumed, an increase in risk in women who ate more than 3 eggs per week, and an increase in risk in women who ate a variety of fried foods.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Argentina', 'Body Weight', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Diet', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Meat', 'Middle Aged', 'Odds Ratio', 'Regression Analysis', 'Risk Factors']
| 1,857,455
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['Z01.107.757.077'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G07.203.300.600', 'J02.500.600'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Relationship between scanning laser polarimetry with enhanced corneal compensation and with variable corneal compensation.
|
PURPOSE: To evaluate the structure-function relationships between retinal sensitivity measured by Humphrey visual field analyzer (HVFA) and the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness measured by scanning laser polarimetry (SLP) with variable corneal compensation (VCC) and enhanced corneal compensation (ECC) in glaucomatous and healthy eyes.METHODS: Fifty-three eyes with an atypical birefringence pattern (ABP) based on SLP-VCC (28 glaucomatous eyes and 25 normal healthy eyes) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. RNFL thickness was measured by both VCC and ECC techniques, and the visual field was examined by HVFA with 24-2 full-threshold program. The relationships between RNFL measurements in superior and inferior sectors and corresponding retinal mean sensitivity were sought globally and regionally with linear regression analysis in each group. Coefficients of the determination were calculated and compared between VCC and ECC techniques.RESULTS: In eyes with ABP, R2 values for the association between SLP parameters and retinal sensitivity were 0.06-0.16 with VCC, whereas they were 0.21-0.48 with ECC. The association of RNFL thickness with retinal sensitivity was significantly better with ECC than with VCC in 5 out of 8 regression models between SLP parameters and HVF parameters (P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS: The strength of the structure-function association was higher with ECC than with VCC in eyes with ABP, which suggests that the ECC algorithm is a better approach for evaluating the structure-function relationship in eyes with ABP.
|
['Algorithms', 'Birefringence', 'Cornea', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological', 'Female', 'Glaucoma', 'Humans', 'Intraocular Pressure', 'Lasers', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nerve Fibers', 'Optic Nerve Diseases', 'Prospective Studies', 'Retinal Ganglion Cells', 'Vision Disorders', 'Visual Fields']
| 18,323,701
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G01.590.080'], ['A09.371.060.217'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E01.370.380'], ['C11.525.381'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G14.440'], ['E07.632.490', 'E07.710.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A08.675.542', 'A11.671.501'], ['C10.292.700', 'C11.640'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['A08.675.650.850.875', 'A09.371.729.831.875', 'A11.671.650.850.875'], ['C10.597.751.941', 'C11.966', 'C23.888.592.763.941'], ['F02.463.593.932.934', 'G14.950']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Sodium Benzoate, a Metabolite of Cinnamon and a Food Additive, Upregulates Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor in Astrocytes and Oligodendrocytes.
|
Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is a promyelinating trophic factor that plays an important role in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, mechanisms by which CNTF expression could be increased in the brain are poorly understood. Recently we have discovered anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of sodium benzoate (NaB), a metabolite of cinnamon and a widely-used food additive. Here, we delineate that NaB is also capable of increasing the mRNA and protein expression of CNTF in primary mouse astrocytes and oligodendrocytes and primary human astrocytes. Accordingly, oral administration of NaB and cinnamon led to the upregulation of astroglial and oligodendroglial CNTF in vivo in mouse brain. Induction of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, an animal model of MS, reduced the level of CNTF in the brain, which was restored by oral administration of cinnamon. While investigating underlying mechanisms, we observed that NaB induced the activation of protein kinase A (PKA) and H-89, an inhibitor of PKA, abrogated NaB-induced expression of CNTF. The activation of cAMP response element binding (CREB) protein by NaB, the recruitment of CREB and CREB-binding protein to the CNTF promoter by NaB and the abrogation of NaB-induced expression of CNTF in astrocytes by siRNA knockdown of CREB suggest that NaB increases the expression of CNTF via the activation of CREB. These results highlight a novel myelinogenic property of NaB and cinnamon, which may be of benefit for MS and other demyelinating disorders.
|
['Animals', 'Astrocytes', 'Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor', 'Cinnamomum zeylanicum', 'Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein', 'Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases', 'Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Food Preservatives', 'Gene Knockdown Techniques', 'Humans', 'Isoquinolines', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Oligodendroglia', 'Primary Cell Culture', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Sodium Benzoate', 'Sulfonamides', 'Up-Regulation']
| 26,399,250
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.637.200', 'A11.650.200'], ['D12.644.276.860.212', 'D12.776.467.860.212', 'D12.776.631.600.212', 'D23.529.850.212'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.595.400.149.500'], ['D12.776.260.108.184', 'D12.776.930.127.184'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.150.125', 'D12.644.360.200.125', 'D12.776.476.200.125'], ['C10.114.703.300', 'C10.228.140.695.562.250', 'C10.314.350.250', 'C20.111.258.625.300', 'E05.598.500.500.500'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D27.720.372.300.385', 'G07.203.300.514.500.700', 'J02.500.514.500.700'], ['E05.393.335.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.531'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['A08.637.600', 'A11.650.600'], ['E01.370.225.500.223.500', 'E05.200.500.265.500', 'E05.242.223.500', 'E05.481.500.249.500'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D02.241.223.100.120.500', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.117.500'], ['D02.065.884', 'D02.886.590.700'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Ophthalmic drug delivery through contact lenses.
|
PURPOSE: Currently available ophthalmic drug delivery systems are inefficient and may lead to side effects. To increase efficiency and reduce side effects, the authors propose disposable particle-laden soft contact lenses for ophthalmic drug delivery.METHODS: The essential idea is to encapsulate the ophthalmic drug formulations in nanoparticles and to disperse these drug-laden particles in the lens material, such as poly-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (p-HEMA) hydrogels. The drug-laden p-HEMA hydrogels were synthesized by free radical solution polymerization of the monomers in presence of nanoparticles. The particle-laden hydrogels were characterized by light-transmission and electron microscopy studies. Release profiles of lidocaine, a model hydrophobic drug, were measured by UV-Vis spectrophotometry.RESULTS: Microemulsions of hexadecane in water stabilized with a silica shell around the particles produced transparent hydrogels. Contact lenses made with particle-laden hydrogels released therapeutic levels of drug for a few days.CONCLUSIONS: Particle-laden hydrogels are promising candidates for ophthalmic drug delivery. They are transparent and can release drugs for extended periods. The drug delivery rates can be controlled by varying the loading of nanoparticles in the gel.
|
['Anesthetics, Local', 'Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic', 'Disposable Equipment', 'Drug Delivery Systems', 'Emulsions', 'Gels', 'Lidocaine', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Ophthalmic Solutions', 'Pilot Projects', 'Polyhydroxyethyl Methacrylate']
| 15,223,815
|
[['D27.505.696.277.100.200', 'D27.505.696.663.850.025', 'D27.505.954.427.210.100.200'], ['E07.632.500.276.360'], ['E07.252'], ['E02.319.300'], ['D20.280.260', 'D26.255.165.260'], ['D20.280.320', 'D26.255.165.320'], ['D02.065.199.092.500', 'D02.092.146.113.092.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['D26.776.708.645', 'D27.505.954.578.645', 'D27.720.752.608'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['D02.033.455.250.700.685', 'D02.241.081.069.800.700', 'D05.750.716.822.111.650.750', 'D05.750.741.685', 'D25.720.716.822.111.650.750', 'D25.720.741.685', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.111.650.750', 'J01.637.051.720.741.685']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Modified extraperitoneal uterosacral ligament suspension for prevention of vault prolapse after vaginal hysterectomy.
|
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: During vaginal hysterectomy, extraperitoneal uterosacral ligament suspension (ULS) bites can be taken before removing the uterus. We evaluated this modified extraperitoneal ULS for vault prolapse prevention.METHODS: Study period was 3.5 years. Fifty-one women with third- and fourth-degree prolapse were enrolled. An inverted V incision was made on the anterior vaginal wall and continued as a semicircular incision on the posterior vaginal wall. Lateral vaginal mucosa was pushed up to expose the cardinal-uterosacral ligament complex. The first ULS suture, using polypropylene no. 1, was taken in the upper-most exposed area of the uterosacral ligament. The second suture, using polyglactin no. 1 or 0, was taken 0.5-1 cm below the first suture. During placement of both sutures, traction on the cervix was maintained. The cardinal-uterosacral ligament complex was clamped, dissected, and ligated 1 cm below the second suture. Vaginal hysterectomy was completed. Ends of the ULS suture were fastened to the vault via vesicovaginal and rectovaginal septum using polypropylene within and polyglactin outside vaginal mucosa.RESULTS: Prolapse stage was 3 in 42 cases and 4 in nine. Duration of operation ranged from 60 to 120 min. Blood loss was 100-300 ml. During follow-up (average 2.3 years) four (8.3%), cases had stage 1 pelvic organ prolapse (POP), three were lost to follow-up, and 44 (91.6%) had no POP.CONCLUSIONS: Using the cervix as a traction device is a good option when performing extraperitoneal ULS during vaginal hysterectomy to prevent vault prolapse.
|
['Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hysterectomy, Vaginal', 'Ligaments', 'Middle Aged', 'Pelvic Organ Prolapse', 'Sacrum', 'Uterine Prolapse', 'Uterus']
| 29,777,272
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.950.300.399.380'], ['A02.513', 'A10.165.669'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.300.842.624'], ['A02.835.232.834.717'], ['C13.351.500.852.833', 'C23.300.842.624.750'], ['A05.360.319.679']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Effect of JNK pathway in apoptosis of PC12 cell by MPP+].
|
OBJECTIVE: To study the toxicity and its mechanisms of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) on pheochromocytoma PC12 cells.METHODS: PC12 cells were cultured in vitro, and poisoned by 100, 300, 500 micromol/L MPP+. Western blot was performed to determine the level of phosphorylated c-Jun-N-terminal kinase/stress activated protein kinases (JNK/SAPK). The cells were pretreated with SP600125, an inhibitor of JNK pathway, and then the number of apoptotic cells were counted by using TUNEL stain, observing its influence on cell apoptosis seduced by MPP+.RESULTS: MPP+ poisoning can cause the increase of phosphorylation level of JNK1/2 cells. The usage of JNK pathway inhibitor SP600125 can inhibit the PC12 cell apoptosis seduced by MPP+.CONCLUSION: Activation of JNK pathway may be the important molecular mechanism of PC12 cell apoptosis seduced by MPP+ and of producing dopaminergic neurotoxicity.
|
['1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium', 'Animals', 'Anthracenes', 'Apoptosis', 'MAP Kinase Signaling System', 'PC12 Cells', 'Rats']
| 21,434,327
|
[['D03.383.725.762.550'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.117', 'D04.615.117'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['G02.111.820.560', 'G03.493.560', 'G04.835.560'], ['A11.251.210.190.750', 'A11.251.860.180.750', 'A11.299.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
CD38 Is Required for Neural Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells by Modulating Reactive Oxygen Species.
|
CD38 is a multifunctional membrane enzyme and the main mammalian ADP-ribosyl cyclase, which catalyzes the synthesis and hydrolysis of cADPR, a potent endogenous Ca(2+) mobilizing messenger. Here, we explored the role of CD38 in the neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs). We found that the expression of CD38 was decreased during the differentiation of mouse ESCs initiated by adherent monoculture. Perturbing the CD38/cADPR signaling by either CD38 knockdown or treatment of cADPR antagonists inhibited the neural commitment of mouse ESCs, whereas overexpression of CD38 promoted it. Moreover, CD38 knockdown dampened reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during neural differentiation of ESCs by inhibiting NADPH oxidase activity, while CD38 overexpression enhanced it. Similarly, application of hydrogen peroxide mitigated the inhibitory effects of CD38 knockdown on neural differentiation of ESCs. Taken together, our data indicate that the CD38 signaling pathway is required for neural differentiation of mouse ESCs by modulating ROS production.
|
['ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1', 'Animals', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Gene Knockdown Techniques', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Mice', 'Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells', 'Neurons', 'Reactive Oxygen Species']
| 26,012,865
|
[['D08.811.277.450.430.400.060.500', 'D12.776.543.550.045'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251'], ['E05.393.335.500'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A11.872.700.250.875'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Synergistic ROS-Associated Antimicrobial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles and Gentamicin Against Staphylococcus epidermidis
|
Introduction: Increasing bacteria resistance to antibiotics is a major problem of healthcare system. There is a need for solutions that broaden the spectrum of bactericidal agents improving the efficacy of commonly used antibiotics. One of the promising directions of search are silver nanoparticles (obtained by different methods and displaying diversified physical and chemical properties), and their combination with antibiotics.Purpose: In this study, we tested the role of reactive oxygen species in the mechanism of synergistic antibacterial activity of gentamicin and Tween-stabilized silver nanoparticles against gentamicin-resistant clinical strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis.Methods: Synergistic bactericidal activity of gentamicin and silver nanoparticles stabilized with non-ionic detergent (Tween 80) was tested by the checkerboard titration method on microtiter plates. Detection of reactive oxygen species was based on the chemiluminescence of luminol.Results: Hydrophilic non-ionic surface functionalization of silver nanoparticles enabled the existence of non-aggregated active nanoparticles in a complex bacterial culture medium. Tween-stabilized silver nanoparticles in combination with gentamicin exhibited bactericidal activity against multidrug-resistant biofilm forming clinical strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis. A synergistic effect significantly decreased the minimal inhibitory concentration of gentamicin (the antibiotic with numerous undesirable effects). Gentamicin significantly enhanced the generation of reactive oxygen species by silver nanoparticles.Conclusion: Generation of reactive oxygen species by Tween-coated metallic silver nanoparticles was significantly enhanced by gentamicin, confirming the hypothesis of oxidative-associated mechanism of the synergistic antibacterial effect of the gentamicin-silver nanoparticles complex.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Biofilms', 'Culture Media', 'Gentamicins', 'Humans', 'Metal Nanoparticles', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Silver', 'Staphylococcus epidermidis']
| 32,547,013
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['A20.593', 'G06.120'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['D09.408.051.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J01.637.512.600.500'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['D01.268.556.812', 'D01.268.956.843', 'D01.552.544.812'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.343', 'B03.353.500.750.750.343', 'B03.510.100.750.750.343', 'B03.510.400.790.750.343']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Validation of the Scale of Basic Psychological Needs towards Physical Exercise, with the Inclusion of Novelty.
|
The purpose of this study was to validate and adapt to the Spanish context of Physical Education, the Spanish version of the Scale of Basic Psychological Needs in the context of physical exercise, with the incorporation of novelty to the scale. The sample that took part in the study was 2372 people from 16 to 48 years old from the province of Almeria. In order to analyze the psychometric properties of the scale, several analyses have been carried out. The results have offered support both for the eight-factor structure and for the higher-order double model where the eight subscales are joined into two constructs called frustration and satisfaction. The structure of both models was invariant with respect to gender and age. Cronbach's alpha values were above 0.70 in the subscales and scales; and adequate levels of temporal stability. In addition, the subfactors pertaining to the satisfaction of basic psychological needs positively predicted the intrinsic motivation for physical activity, while each of the subfactors of the frustration of psychological needs predicted it negatively. The results of this study provide evidence of the reliability and validity of the BPNS in the Spanish context of physical activity.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Exercise', 'Exploratory Behavior', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Needs Assessment', 'Psychological Tests', 'Psychometrics', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Spain', 'Young Adult']
| 31,963,663
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['F01.145.387', 'F01.658.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I02.594', 'N03.349.380.565', 'N05.300.537'], ['F04.711'], ['F04.711.780'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['Z01.542.846'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A Stress Management Program for Higher Risk Medical Students: Preliminary Findings.
|
Approximately 10 % of first year medical students have clinically relevant anxiety or depression which may affect academic success and quality of life. This study tested the effects of a stress management intervention on indicators of anxiety, depression and self-efficacy in self-selected first year medical students. Forty two medical students volunteered to participate and provided informed consent. An eight session intervention was offered and focused on building relaxation skills, adaptive coping, and basic nutrition. Anxiety, depression, and self-efficacy were assessed pre and post intervention. This group of students had significantly higher baseline values of depression and anxiety but lower self-efficacy compared to a previous study of medical students at the same institution (p < 0.03). After the intervention, statistically significant improvements were observed in anxiety (p < 0.05), and self-efficacy (p < 0.05), but not in depression. The entering levels of anxiety and depression in this group suggested that these students were at risk for later clinical syndromes. Intervention directed to decreasing the effects of stress was associated with improvement in indicators of distress and may modify the longer term risk.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Anxiety', 'Depression', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Quality of Life', 'Self Efficacy', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Students, Medical', 'Young Adult']
| 26,969,177
|
[['F01.058'], ['F01.470.132'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.711.513'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['F01.752.747.792.700'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['M01.848.769.602'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Case-control assessment of diet and lung cancer risk in African Americans and Mexican Americans.
|
In this case-control study we determined whether dietary differences underlie some of the ethnic and sex differences in US lung cancer rates. We examined the relationship between diet and lung cancer development in 137 lung cancer cases (93 African Americans and 44 Mexican Americans) and 187 controls (78 African Americans and 109 Mexican Americans). Cases reported a higher daily mean total fat intake (p < 0.001), whereas controls had a higher daily mean intake of dietary fiber (p < 0.001) and fruits (p = 0.02). Ethnic differences in diet were also observed: Mexican Americans consumed less total fat (p < 0.02) and more fiber (p < 0.001) and vegetables (p = 0.08) than African Americans. Additionally, men consumed more total fat (p = 0.08) and less fiber (p = 0.001), fruits (p < 0.001), and vegetables (p = 0.002) than women. Multivariable analysis, after adjustment for the effects of pack-years of smoking, age, total energy intake, sex, and ethnicity, demonstrated a positive association between high total fat consumption and lung cancer risk (p < 0.01) and an inverse association between high fruit consumption and lung cancer risk (p = 0.05). In conclusion, our findings support the hypothesis that diet, particularly high fat consumption and low fruit and vegetable consumption, contributes (independent of cigarette smoking) to the excess lung cancer risk in African-American men, who have the highest lung cancer rates in the United States.
|
['African Americans', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Diet', 'Dietary Fats', 'Dietary Fiber', 'Energy Intake', 'Female', 'Fruit', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Logistic Models', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Mexican Americans', 'Risk Factors', 'Sex Factors', 'Smoking', 'Social Class', 'Vegetables']
| 9,427,982
|
[['M01.686.508.100.100', 'M01.686.754.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['D10.212.302', 'G07.203.300.375', 'J02.500.375'], ['D09.301.416', 'G07.203.300.400', 'J02.500.400'], ['G07.203.650.240.340'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.686.754.441.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['F01.145.805'], ['I01.880.853.996.755', 'N01.824.782'], ['B01.650.160.956', 'B01.650.510.956', 'G07.203.300.850', 'J02.500.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A transgenic mouse line that retains Cre recombinase activity in mature oocytes irrespective of the cre transgene transmission.
|
The Cre/loxP site-specific recombination system derived from bacteriophage P1 provides a convenient tool for directed modifications of genomes in various organisms. To exploit Cre-mediated manipulation of mouse genomic sequences at the zygote stage, we have developed a transgenic mouse line carrying the CAG-cre transgene in which the cre gene is under control of the cytomegalovirus immediate early enhancer-chicken beta-actin hybrid (CAG) promoter. The activity of the Cre recombinase at early stages of development was examined by crossing the CAG-cre transgenic mice to another transgenic mouse line carrying a reporter gene construct, CAG-CAT-Z, which directs expression of the E. coli lacZ gene upon Cre-mediated excision of the loxP-flanked chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene located between the CAG promoter and the lacZ gene. PCR-based analysis of F1 progeny from CAG-cre males x CAG-CAT-Z females showed that transmission of the CAG-cre transgene was accompanied by the complete deletion of the CAT gene of the CAG-CAT-Z transgene in all tissues, and that this deletion was never observed in the progeny without transmission of the CAG-cre gene. On the other hand, analysis of F1 mice from CAG-CAT-Z males x CAG-cre females showed that the CAG-CAT-Z transgene had undergone complete deletion of the CAT gene in all tissues irrespective of the cotransmission of the CAG-cre gene. This Cre-mediated recombination in F1 mice occurred before the two-cell stage of embryonic development, as shown by X-gal staining. The results suggest that the CAG-cre transgene is expressed in developing oocytes of CAG-cre transgenic mice, and Cre mRNA and/or protein are retained in mature oocytes irrespective of the transmission of the CAG-cre transgene, resulting in efficient Cre-mediated recombination of paternally derived target genes upon fertilization. The CAG-cre transgenic mouse should serve as a useful tool to introduce prescribed genetic modifications into the mouse embryo at the zygote stage.
|
['Animals', 'Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase', 'Female', 'Gene Deletion', 'Genes, Reporter', 'Integrases', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Oocytes', 'Recombination, Genetic', 'Transgenes', 'Viral Proteins']
| 9,268,708
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.913.050.134.170'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['D08.811.739.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['A05.360.490.690.680', 'A11.497.497.600'], ['G05.728'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.825'], ['D12.776.964']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Irsogladine maleate regulates gap junctional intercellular communication-dependent epithelial barrier in human nasal epithelial cells.
|
The airway epithelium of the human nasal mucosa acts as the first physical barrier that protects against inhaled substances and pathogens. Irsogladine maleate (IM) is an enhancer of gastric mucosal protective factors via upregulation of gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC). GJIC is thought to participate in the formation of functional tight junctions. However, the effects of IM on GJIC and the epithelial barrier in human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) remain unknown. To investigate the effects of IM on GJIC and the tight junctional barrier in HNECs, primary cultures of HNECs transfected with human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT-HNECs) were treated with IM and the GJIC inhibitors oleamide and 18â-GA. Some cells were pretreated with IM before treatment with TLR3 ligand poly(I:C) to examine whether IM prevented the changes via TLR3-mediated signal pathways. In hTERT-HNECs, GJIC blockers reduced the expression of tight junction molecules claudin-1, -4, -7, occludin, tricellulin, and JAM-A. IM induced GJIC activity and enhanced the expression of claudin-1, -4, and JAM-A at the protein and mRNA levels with an increase of barrier function. GJIC blockers prevented the increase of the tight junction proteins induced by IM. Furthermore, IM prevented the reduction of JAM-A but not induction of IL-8 and TNF-á induced by poly(I:C). In conclusion, IM can maintain the GJIC-dependent tight junctional barrier via regulation of GJIC in upper airway nasal epithelium. Therefore, it is possible that IM may be useful as a nasal spray to prevent the disruption of the epithelial barrier by viral infections and exposure to allergens in human nasal mucosa.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Cell Communication', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Gap Junctions', 'Gene Expression', 'Glycyrrhetinic Acid', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-8', 'Nasal Mucosa', 'Oleic Acids', 'Tight Junction Proteins', 'Triazines', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 25,652,184
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['G04.085'], ['A11.436'], ['A11.284.149.165.420.471'], ['G05.297'], ['D02.455.849.919.530.444'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.120.800', 'D12.644.276.374.465.312', 'D12.776.467.374.200.120.800', 'D12.776.467.374.465.246', 'D23.125.300.120.800', 'D23.469.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.465.312'], ['A04.531.520', 'A04.760.600', 'A10.615.550.760.600'], ['D10.251.355.325.600'], ['D12.776.543.940'], ['D03.383.931'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of suicide cases in Turkey, 2007-2012.
|
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the demographic and sociocultural characteristics of suicide attempts by using data from the Turkish Statistical Institute. It is our intent that the work data may contribute to the national suicide data and the development of suicide prevention policies.MATERIAL AND METHODS: We obtained our data, which cover the years 2007 to 2012, from the database accessible at the official website of the Turkish Statistical Institute, which permits the use of its data for research purposes. The data were evaluated by using the SPSS 10.0 program. The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis, and the percentage distribution and odds ratios were calculated.RESULTS: According to data from the Turkish Statistical Institute, the total number of suicide deaths in Turkey between 2007 and 2012 changed yearly (÷2=42,035-59,209; P<0.001). While suicide deaths in 2007 made up 0.00396% of the total deaths for that year, that figure increased to 0.00426% in 2013. According to the data from the Turkish Statistical Institute, over 1.9 million people died due to all causes between 2007 and 2012 in Turkey. Over 17,000 deaths (0.9%) were due to suicide.CONCLUSIONS: Suicide is an important public health problem and is multidimensional in nature. Examining this subject from etiological, epidemiological, biological, psychological, sociological, and anthropological perspectives is important to improve the prevention of suicides.
|
['Adult', 'Age Distribution', 'Cause of Death', 'Cities', 'Educational Status', 'Female', 'Geography', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Suicide', 'Turkey', 'Young Adult']
| 24,732,406
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.250', 'N01.224.935.698.100', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.250', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.250'], ['G16.500.275.069', 'N06.230.069', 'Z01.433'], ['N01.824.196'], ['H01.277.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.145.126.980.875', 'I01.880.735.856'], ['Z01.252.245.500.850'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Clinical features of familial ovarian cancer lacking mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2.
|
PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION: The purpose of the present study was to identify the clinical and pathologic features of ovarian cancers in patients who have a family history of breast or ovarian cancer but who do not have a mutation in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene.METHODS: 303 patients with ovarian cancer were reviewed for clinical features and for cancer family histories. After the exclusion of 51 patients known to carry BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations, 24 patients with familial cancer were compared with 228 patients with non-familial cancer.RESULTS: Patients with familial cancer were more likely to have grade 2 tumors, Stage II disease and to present between ages 51 and 60 than were non-familial controls. Ten of 24 patients in the familial group presented between ages 51 and 60 with a grade 2 tumor compared to 3.0 expected (p = 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: Families of women who present with grade 2 ovarian cancer between the ages of 51 and 60 may have an unidentified ovarian cancer susceptibility gene.
|
['Adult', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Genes, BRCA1', 'Genes, BRCA2', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Mutation', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Poland']
| 15,053,073
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.249.100', 'G05.360.340.024.340.415.400.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.249.105', 'G05.360.340.024.340.415.400.105'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.590'], ['E01.789.625'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['Z01.542.248.679']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Activity of polynucleotide phosphorylase in ribosomal fraction of rat liver].
|
A method of isolating polynucleotidephosphorylase (PNPase) containing polyribosome fraction from rat liver is described. PNPase is found to be bind to RNA in polyribosomes with weak electrostatic bonds which are easily broken down in a weak alkaline medium with ionic strength more than 0.1 beta-22P-labelled ADP, GDP, UDP and CDP are found among the products of endogenous RNA degradation in the fraction of total polyribosomes in the presence of 32P-orthophosphate. A considerable change in the base composition of PNP-degraded RNA is observed at different incubation times of total polyribosomes with 32P-orthophosphate: G+C//A+U ratio increased from 2.3 to 3.1, and purines/pyrimidines ratio-from 0.47 to 1.06 with the increase of the incubation time. Specific activity of PNP in ribosome fractions obtained under ultracentrifugation of total polyribosomes in succrose density gradient (0.3-1.0 M) increased in the direction from the fraction of heavy polysomes to trimers and dimers and then dropped at the region of monomers (80 S particles). The data obtained give no possibility to determine the type of PNP-bound RNA in polyribomes of rat liver.
|
['Animals', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Liver', 'Macromolecular Substances', 'Polyribonucleotide Nucleotidyltransferase', 'Polyribosomes', 'Protein Binding', 'RNA', 'Rats', 'Ribosomes', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 1,115
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.300'], ['A03.620'], ['D05'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.735.532'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811.740'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D13.444.735'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The innermost cells of the outer root sheath in human anagen hair follicles undergo specialized keratinization mediated by apoptosis.
|
The innermost cell layer of the outer root sheath (IORS) is a special single cell layer located just outside Henle's layer. In situ end-labeling immunohistochemistry for apoptosis showed that labeled cells were most consistently located in the IORS from the suprabulbar portion to the infundibulum of anagen terminal hair follicles of the human scalp. Labeled cells were also sparsely scattered in the middle portion, including the bulge area of the outer root sheath of anagen hair, the regressing lower portion of catagen hair and the bulb of telogen hair. Ultrastructurally, the cells of the innermost layer underwent cellular degeneration through cytoplasmic vacuolization and nuclear pyknosis without keratohyalin production. These were compatible with the morphology of apoptotic cells. These findings confirmed that the innermost cell layer is different from other layers of the outer root sheath, not only by previously demonstrated criteria such as Ki67 immunostainability and characteristic ultrastructure but also by the mode of cell death.
|
['Adult', 'Apoptosis', 'Female', 'Hair Follicle', 'Humans', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Middle Aged']
| 9,694,621
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['A10.272.497.500', 'A17.360.710', 'A17.815.250.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
T-helper type-1-dominated lymph node responses induced in C57BL/6 mice by optimally irradiated cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni are down-regulated after challenge infection.
|
Following a single percutaneous vaccination with optimally irradiated cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni, C57BL/6 mice mount a T-helper type-1 (Th1) lymphocyte-dominant immune response and are highly resistant to challenge infection. In this study, we show that, besides interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), lymph node (LN) cells draining the site of vaccination produce significant amounts of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10 in culture with parasite antigen. After a challenge infection at the original site of vaccination, these LN cells did not generate an anamnestic Th1 response. Paradosically, IFN-gamma production and cell proliferation were profoundly down-regulated, whereas IL-4 production was enhanced and occurred earlier than in challenge control cultures. When challenge was applied to a site remote from vaccination, IFN-gamma down-regulation was less evident, but the IL-4 response was consistently enhanced. Neutralization of IL-10 in vitro restored IFN-gamma production by LN cells, whilst IL-4 levels were reduced. These data indicate that down-regulation of IFN-gamma is controlled by IL-10 and/or IL-4. Mice showing down-regulated Th1 responses in the LN after S. mansoni challenge infection did not have a reduced ability to eliminate challenge parasites, indicating that the post-vaccination Th1 response had already armed the lungs with effector T cells before administration of challenge parasites. The observed phenomena of down-regulated Th1 and enhanced Th2 responses may be of relevance to other systems involving multiple infections or vaccination/boosting. Repeated applications to percutaneous sites having common lymphatic drainage would be expected to favour Th2 responses. Alternatively, in order to induce Th1-dominant responses and avoid unwanted IL-4/IL-10 induction, the use of remote sites is indicated.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, Helminth', 'Cell Division', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytokines', 'Female', 'Immunization', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Interleukin-10', 'Interleukin-2', 'Interleukin-4', 'Lymph Nodes', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Schistosoma mansoni', 'Schistosomiasis mansoni', 'Th1 Cells', 'Th2 Cells']
| 7,751,008
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050.223'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['E02.095.465.425.400', 'E05.478.550', 'N02.421.726.758.310', 'N06.850.780.200.425', 'N06.850.780.680.310'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.510', 'D12.776.467.374.465.510', 'D23.529.374.465.510'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.021', 'D12.644.276.374.480.372', 'D12.776.467.374.465.021', 'D12.776.467.374.480.372', 'D23.529.374.465.155', 'D23.529.374.480.372'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.186', 'D12.776.467.374.465.178', 'D23.529.374.465.186'], ['A10.549.400', 'A15.382.520.604.412'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.500.500.736.715.770.680.700'], ['C01.610.335.865.859.576', 'C01.920.922.576'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.400.900', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.400.900', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.400.900', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.400.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.400.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.400.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.400.900', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.400.900', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.400.900'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.400.905', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.400.905', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.400.905', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.400.750', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.400.750', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.400.750', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.400.905', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.400.905', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.400.905']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Metal complexes of chiral pentaazacrowns as conformational templates for beta-turn recognition.
|
Examples of reverse turns as recognition motifs in biological systems can be found in high-resolution crystal structures of antibody-peptide complexes. Development of peptidomimetics is often based on replacing the amide backbone of peptides by sugar rings, steroids, benzodiazepines, or other hetero- and carbocycles. In this approach, the chemical scaffold of the peptide backbone can be replaced while retaining activity as long as the pharmacophoric groups of the peptide side chains stay in relatively the same place; in other words, similar functional groups must overlap in space for interaction with critical receptor sites. This study evaluates the potential of metal complexes of chiral pentaazacrowns (PAC) derived by reduction of cyclic pentapeptides as beta-turn mimetics. Due to the limited flexibility of the pendant chiral side groups in these metal complexes, one can potentially elicit information about the receptor-bound conformation from their binding affinities. 11 PAC crystal structures with different substitution patterns complexed with 3 different metals (Mn, Fe, Cd) as a prototypical database of potential side-chain orientations. Complexation with different metals induces subtle differences in the conformations of a particular azacrown scaffold. The lack of parameterization of transition metals for force field calculations precludes a thorough theoretical study. Thus, this study utilizes a simple geometrical comparison between the experimental data for crystalline PAC complexes and the side-chain orientations seen in classic beta-turns. The FOUNDATION program was used to overlap the Calpha-Cbeta vectors of the corresponding ideal beta-turn side-chains to all possible leaving groups of the PAC complexes. When comparing the relative orientations of the chiral side chains, a strong overlap of the bonds (between about 0.1 A to about 0.5 A RMS for 3 residues and up to about 1 A RMS for 4 residues) was observed for many of the molecules. Such metal complexes may lack complete peptidomimetic activity due to the lack of spatial overlap of all four side-chain residues, however, if only three peptide side chains are needed for receptor recognition and/or binding, the metal complexes should show biological activity.
|
['Computer Simulation', 'Drug Design', 'Heterocyclic Compounds', 'Ligands', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Molecular Mimicry', 'Oligopeptides', 'Organometallic Compounds', 'Peptides, Cyclic', 'Stereoisomerism', 'Thermodynamics']
| 12,602,952
|
[['L01.224.160'], ['E05.290.500', 'H01.158.703.007.338.500', 'H01.181.466.338.500'], ['D03'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['G02.111.560', 'G05.545', 'G16.012.750.500'], ['D12.644.456'], ['D02.691'], ['D04.345.566', 'D12.644.641'], ['G02.607.445.682'], ['G01.906']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Electronographic changes in general anesthesia].
|
Using the electronograph, a special device which is capable to record luminous effects of the Corona and Kirlian types, the authors investigated 9 patients (6 males and 3 females) both before and during anesthetic sleep, and after arousal from anesthesia. In all the patients the studies were made on black-and-white, as well as on colour films.
|
['Anesthesia, General', 'Anesthetics', 'Energy Metabolism', 'Energy Transfer', 'Humans']
| 6,220,435
|
[['E03.155.197'], ['D27.505.696.277.100', 'D27.505.954.427.210.100'], ['G03.295'], ['G01.154.240', 'G02.111.255', 'G02.216'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Production of oxychemicals from precipitated hardwood lignin.
|
Lignin is a major byproduct in the biomass-to-ethanol process. The lignin produced from acid treatment of biomass has characteristics suitable for further conversion to organic chemicals. It is free of contaminants and has a relatively low molecular weight. In this study, catalytic oxidative conversion of the acid-soluble lignin precipitated from acid hydrolysates of hardwood was investigated. The process is based on aqueous alkaline oxidation of lignin with dissolved O2 in the presence of Fe3+ and Cu2+ catalysts at moderate reaction temperatures (160-180 degrees C). Aromatic aldehydes, ketones, and organic acids are found to be the primary products identifiable on extraction with ether. The combined weight yield of the total ether extractable products is about 20-25% of the initial lignin. The yield of the aldehydes (vanillin + syringaldehyde) is in the vicinity of 15% with an additional 3 to 4% of aromatic ketones. The yields of aldehydes plus ketones observed in this work far exceeded those obtainable from the conventional alkaline air oxidation of spent sulfite liquors. This article also provides comprehensive batch reaction data on conversion and product distribution.
|
['Aldehydes', 'Benzaldehydes', 'Biomass', 'Biotechnology', 'Chemical Precipitation', 'Ethanol', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Ketones', 'Lignin', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Wood']
| 11,963,899
|
[['D02.047'], ['D02.047.222'], ['G16.500.275.157.100', 'N06.230.124.100'], ['H01.158.550', 'J01.897.120'], ['E05.196.150', 'G02.159'], ['D02.033.375'], ['G02.300'], ['D02.522'], ['D05.750.078.562.180.515', 'D05.750.078.687', 'D20.538', 'D25.720.099.687', 'J01.637.051.720.099.687'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['A18.450.500.500', 'J01.637.241.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Diagnosis in dermatology].
|
We summarize here some of the specificities of diagnosis in dermatology for the general practitioner. Starting with clinical cases, we analyze the steps that the dermatologist uses to diagnose skin disorders. The initial clinical examination of primary and secondary skin lesions leads to a differential diagnosis. Subsequently, laboratory techniques such as direct microscopy, histopathology as well as recent techniques derived from the field of molecular biology allow us to confirm the initial clinical diagnosis. We demonstrate here with a few examples of increasing complexity how to incorporate new laboratory techniques into the field of clinical dermatology and propose an integrated view of modem dermatology where clinical examination and laboratory techniques enable us to achieve a correct diagnosis of dermatological diseases.
|
['Adult', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Skin Diseases']
| 17,552,266
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C17.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Impact Mineralization of Chokeberry and Cranberry Fruit Juices Using a New Functional Additive on the Protection of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidative Properties.
|
Chicken eggshells can be used as an attractive dietary source of mineral compounds, including calcium (Ca). However, the effects of chicken eggshell powder (CESP) on berry fruit juices have not been studied to date. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of its addition to juices from chokeberry and cranberry on their phytochemical properties. The juices were determined for contents of polyphenols (determined by ultra-efficient liquid chromatography coupled with a mass detector (UPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS)), macro- and microelements (by inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES)), and organic acids (by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-PDA)) as well as for their antioxidative activity by radical scavenging capacity (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidative power (FRAP) assay, color profile (CIE L* a* b* system), and sensory attributes. The study results demonstrate that CESP addition to chokeberry and cranberry juices enriched them with minerals and increased their Ca content 25.7 times and 66.3 times, respectively, compared to the control samples. Juices supplementation with CESP significantly decreased their acidity and total organic acids content as well as increased their pH value. Chokeberry and cranberry juices supplementation with 1% CESP caused no significant changes in the amount of precipitate and their color, but it significantly improved their taste. For this reason, CESP addition in the amount of up to 1% can be suggested as the optimal supplementation of berry fruit juices. The study also demonstrated that CESP addition in the amount of up to 1% caused no significant differences in the content of polyphenolic compounds and in the antioxidative activity of juices, which can be deemed important from the viewpoint of their putative health benefits. In addition, the heat treatment of juices contributed to only a 4% loss of polyphenolic compounds from the CESP-supplemented juices compared to the 6% loss from the non-supplemented juices.
|
['Animals', 'Antioxidants', 'Calcium', 'Chickens', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Egg Shell', 'Food Additives', 'Fruit and Vegetable Juices', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Minerals', 'Phytochemicals', 'Polyphenols', 'Prunus', 'Vaccinium macrocarpon']
| 32,033,071
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['A13.316'], ['D27.720.372.300', 'G07.203.300.514.500', 'J02.500.514.500'], ['G07.203.100.606', 'J02.200.606'], ['G02.300'], ['D01.578'], ['D23.704'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.715', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.260.777'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.937.500.625'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.341.937.774.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Predominance of beta 3-adrenergic component in catecholamine activation of lipolysis in garden dormouse adipocytes.
|
The beta 3-adrenoceptor (AR) agonists are potent activators of lipolysis in white adipose tissue. beta-AR agonists were tested here on the lipolytic activity of a hibernator, the garden dormouse (Eliomys quercinus L.). All the agonists exhibited full intrinsic activity; the most potent was the beta 3-AR agonist BRL-37344 [half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) = 0.8 nM]. The beta-antagonist idocyanopindolol (ICYP) also stimulated lipolysis of white adipocytes with the same potency and intrinsic activity as BRL-37344. The blockade of lipolytic effects of epinephrine or norepinephrine was similar to that of BRL-37344: the beta 1- and the beta 2-antagonists were quite ineffective. Total blockade occurred only with 100 microM bupranolol whatever the beta-agonist tested. This argues for the presence of a beta 3-component in the adrenergic-induced lipolysis. (-)-[125I]ICYP and (-)-[3H]CGP-12177 both labeled two populations of binding sites. On adipocyte membranes, binding of 0.6 nM (-)-[3H]CGP-12177 was inhibited with the following order of potency: isoproterenol > BRL-37344 > epinephrine. This order was modified at 20 nM, arguing for the beta-atypical nature of the low-affinity sites. Thus garden dormouse adipocytes possess beta 3-ARs, which are involved to an important degree in the adrenergic activation of lipolysis.
|
['Adipocytes', 'Adrenergic beta-Agonists', 'Adrenergic beta-Antagonists', 'Animals', 'Catecholamines', 'Female', 'Iodocyanopindolol', 'Lipolysis', 'Male', 'Pindolol', 'Propanolamines', 'Receptors, Adrenergic, beta', 'Rodentia']
| 7,909,204
|
[['A11.329.114'], ['D27.505.519.625.050.100.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.100.200'], ['D27.505.519.625.050.200.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.200.200'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.092.311', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.699.420', 'D02.033.755.624.698.699.420', 'D02.092.063.624.698.699.420'], ['G02.111.534', 'G03.458.500'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.699', 'D02.033.755.624.698.699', 'D02.092.063.624.698.699'], ['D02.033.100.624', 'D02.033.755.624', 'D02.092.063.624'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.300.340', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.300.340', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.300.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The DNA-binding ability of HIVEP3/KRC decreases upon activation of V(D)J recombination.
|
Somatic V(D)J recombination of the immune receptor genes is mediated by the recombination signal sequence (RSS) and the recombination-activating genes RAG1 and RAG2. Previously, proteins binding specifically to the RSS have been characterized in nuclear extracts of T and B lymphocytes. Further elucidation of the role of those RSS-binding proteins in V(D)J recombination, however, has been hampered by the fact that their identities have not been established. Here, we show that the major RSS-binding protein present in the nuclear extracts of B lymphocytes is an Mr 135,000 species. Notably, its affinity for the RSS decreased when RAG1 and RAG2 were induced. In immunoblot analyses and gel supershift assays, we showed that KRC antisera react with the Mr 135,000 RSS-binding protein. We previously cloned KRC from a thymocyte expression library using 32P-RSS as a ligand and showed that KRC fusion proteins bind specifically to the RSS and to the kappaB enhancer motif. The lymphoid expression and DNA-binding characteristics suggest that KRC may be involved in lymphocyte development.
|
['Antibody Specificity', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Binding Sites', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Enhancer Elements, Genetic', 'Humans', 'NF-kappa B', 'Protein Binding', 'Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell', 'Recombination, Genetic', 'U937 Cells']
| 11,685,469
|
[['G12.100'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.330', 'G05.360.080.689.330', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776.124.790.651.950', 'D12.776.377.715.548.950', 'D12.776.543.750.705.816.821'], ['G05.728'], ['A11.251.210.190.880', 'A11.251.860.180.880', 'A11.627.482.665.500', 'A11.627.624.249.500', 'A11.627.635.675.750.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Association between Dietary Xanthophyll (Lutein and Zeaxanthin) Intake and Early Age-Related Macular Degeneration: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study.
|
PURPOSE: To examine the association between xanthophyll intake and prevalent early age-related macular degeneration (AMD) using data from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (n = 10,295). Potential effect modification by genetic polymorphisms and biomarkers of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism was explored.METHODS: Xanthophyll intake was assessed at visit 1 (1987-1989) using food frequency questionnaires. Prevalent early AMD was assessed at visit 3 (1993-1995) via retinal photographs. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for AMD by quintiles of xanthophyll intake, adjusted for age, sex, race, field center, and pack-years of smoking. To evaluate effect modification, the association between tertiles (T) of xanthophyll intake and AMD was stratified by complement factor H (CFH) rs1061170 and age-related maculopathy susceptibility 2 (ARMS2) rs10490924 genotypes, as well as by median cutpoints of HDL biomarkers.RESULTS: Xanthophyll intake was not associated with AMD in the overall sample, Caucasians (n = 8257), or African-Americans (n = 2038). Exploratory analyses observed that the association between xanthophyll intake and AMD varied statistically significantly by CFH rs1061170 genotype among Caucasians (p for interaction = 0.045) but not African Americans. No interactions were observed between xanthophyll intake and ARMS2 rs10490924. Moreover, higher xanthophyll intake was associated with decreased odds of AMD among participants with lower HDL (OR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.57-1.09) but not higher HDL (p for interaction = 0.048).CONCLUSION: Xanthophyll intake was not associated with early AMD. Further studies to investigate this association by genetic susceptibility or variations in HDL metabolism are needed.
|
['Aged', 'Atherosclerosis', 'Complement Factor H', 'Diet', 'Female', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Lipoproteins, HDL', 'Macular Degeneration', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Prevalence', 'Proteins', 'Retinal Drusen', 'Xanthophylls']
| 28,332,910
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.907.137.126.307'], ['D12.776.124.486.274.920.325.200', 'D12.776.124.790.223.200', 'D12.776.377.715.182.200'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D10.532.432', 'D12.776.521.479'], ['C11.768.585.439'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['D12.776'], ['C11.768.585.585'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.868', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.887', 'D02.455.849.131.868', 'D23.767.261.887']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Enhancement and metastasis after immunotherapy of ovine squamous-cell carcinoma.
|
Extracts of ovine squamous-cell carcinoma (OSCC) prepared by different procedures, were injected at varying concentrations into 184 tumour-bearing sheep. At a total protein of 0.5 mg and greater, there was significant enhancement and metastasis in all 120 sheep examined. Extracts of OSCC containing less than 0.5 mg protein, or of human squamous-cell carcinoma and normal sheep skin containing high levels of protein, had no effect on subsequent tumour development. Extracts of foetal sheep skin at the 3mg-protein level produced significant enhancement and metastasis. The degree of enhancement was inversely proportional to the developmental stage of the tumour at the time of treatment.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, Neoplasm', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Female', 'Immunotherapy', 'Male', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Sheep', 'Sheep Diseases', 'Skin Neoplasms']
| 708,569
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050.285'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['E02.095.465.425'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['D12.776.624'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['C22.836'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
DNA damage and p53-mediated growth arrest in human cells treated with platinum nanoparticles.
|
AIM: Platinum-based therapeutic agents are widely used in medicine. Thus, a thorough understanding of their mechanism of action in cells is warranted. This study investigates the uptake and bioactivity (e.g., cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and protein expression) of platinum nanoparticles (Pt-NPs, approximately 5-8 nm in size) in human cells.MATERIALS & METHODS: Pt-NPs capped with polyvinyl alcohol were synthesized, characterized and incubated with human cells. Uptake and the biological properties were evaluated through metabolic activity, genome integrity, cell cycle and protein expression.RESULTS: Pt-NPs entered the cells through diffusion, and localized inside the cytoplasm. Exposure to the Pt-NP increased DNA damage, accumulation of cells at the S-phase of the cell cycle and apoptosis. A significant number of cells recovered from the stress and formed colonies. Protein-expression levels uncovered upregulation of p53, phosphorylated p53, p21 and downregulation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen following Pt-NP treatment. Pro-caspase 3 and poly-ADP ribose polymerase and cyclin B levels were not altered in both the cell types after Pt-NP exposure.CONCLUSION: The results suggest p53 activation in Pt-NP-treated cells due to genotoxic stress, with subsequent activation of p21 leading to a proliferating cell nuclear antigen-mediated growth arrest and apoptosis. This study recommends development of Pt-NP-based anticancer agents by appropriate surface modifications to augment its innate anticancer activity.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell Cycle', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21', 'DNA Damage', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Metal Nanoparticles', 'Platinum', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53']
| 20,025,464
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['G04.144'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D12.644.360.225.500', 'D12.776.157.687.250', 'D12.776.167.187.500', 'D12.776.476.225.500', 'D12.776.624.776.355.500', 'D12.776.660.720.250'], ['G05.200'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J01.637.512.600.500'], ['D01.268.556.690', 'D01.268.956.734', 'D01.552.544.690'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparing Health Status, Health Trajectories and Use of Health and Social Services between Children with and without Developmental Disabilities: A Population-based Longitudinal Study in Manitoba.
|
BACKGROUND: Little information exists on health of children with developmental disabilities (DDs) in the Canadian province of Manitoba.METHOD: The present authors linked 12 years of administrative data and compared health status, changes in health and access to health and social services between children with (n = 1877) and without (n = 5661) DDs living in the province, matched by age, sex and region of residence.RESULTS: Children with DDs were significantly more likely than children in the matched comparison group to die before the age of 17 and have a history of respiratory illness, diabetes and injury-related hospitalizations. Children with DD also had significantly higher average number of ambulatory physician visits and higher rate of continuity of care.CONCLUSIONS: Children with DDs had poorer health status than the matched comparison group. The health disparities experienced by children with DDs persisted over time. Further population-based longitudinal research is needed in this area.
|
['Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Developmental Disabilities', 'Female', 'Health Services', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Health Status', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Manitoba', 'Social Work', 'Socioeconomic Factors']
| 27,041,130
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['F03.625.421'], ['N02.421'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['Z01.107.567.176.410'], ['I01.880.792', 'N02.421.849'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Hes1 in the somatic cells of the murine ovary is necessary for oocyte survival and maturation.
|
The Notch pathway plays an important role in ovary development in invertebrates like Drosophila. However its role for the mammalian ovary is unclear. Mammalian Hes genes encode transcriptional factors that mediate many of the activities of the Notch pathway. Here, we have studied the function of Hes1 during embryonic development of the mouse ovary. We find that Hes1 protein is present in somatic cells and oocyte cytoplasm and decreases between E15.5 and P0. Conventional Hes1 knock-out (KO), Hes1 conditional KO in the ovarian somatic, and chemical inhibition of Notch signaling decrease the total number, size and maturation of oocytes and increase the number of pregranulosa cells at P0. These defects correlate with abnormal proliferation and enhanced apoptosis. Expression of the proapoptotic gene Inhbb is increased, while the levels of the antiapoptotic and oocyte maturation marker Kit are decreased in the Hes1 KO ovaries. Conversely, overactivation of the Notch pathway in ovarian somatic cells increases the number of mature oocytes and decreases the number of pregranulosa cells. Fertility is also reduced by either Hes1 deletion or Notch pathway overactivation. In conclusion, our data suggest that the Notch-Hes1 pathway regulates ovarian somatic cell development, which is necessary for oocyte survival and maturation.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors', 'Cell Count', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Size', 'Cell Survival', 'Endothelial Cells', 'Female', 'Fertility', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Granulosa Cells', 'Homeodomain Proteins', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Oocytes', 'Ovary', 'Receptors, Notch', 'Signal Transduction', 'Transcription Factor HES-1']
| 23,274,689
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D12.776.260.103', 'D12.776.930.125'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['G04.152'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G04.325'], ['G04.346'], ['A11.436.275'], ['G08.686.210'], ['G05.308.310'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.535.200', 'A06.300.312.497.535.300', 'A11.382.812', 'A11.436.329'], ['D12.776.260.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['A05.360.490.690.680', 'A11.497.497.600'], ['A05.360.319.114.630', 'A05.360.576.497', 'A06.300.312.497'], ['D12.776.543.750.725', 'D12.776.930.770'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.776.260.103.844', 'D12.776.930.125.844']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Peribulbar versus general anesthesia for horizontal strabismus surgery.
|
PURPOSE: To compare the results of strabismus surgery under peribulbar and general anesthesia in cases of small and moderate angle of horizontal strabismus.METHODS: Medical records of eighty-four patients with small and moderate angle horizontal strabismus who underwent strabismus surgery were reviewed. Forty-two patients were submitted to the surgery under peribulbar anesthesia and forty-two under general anesthesia. The surgery was considered satisfactory when postoperative angle was 10 prism diopters or less.RESULTS: Surgery was satisfactory in all patients. Mann-Whitney test showed no difference in the preoperative angle of deviation (p=0.366) and in the postoperative results (p=0.800) between the two groups. Adjusting for the variables age and type of strabismus (esotropia and exotropia), ANCOVA (analysis of covariance) results showed no statistical difference (p=0.368). There were no complications due to surgery or anesthesia in either group.CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested that there was no difference between the postoperative results of strabismus surgery under peribulbar and general anesthesia in small and moderate angle of horizontal strabismus.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anesthesia, General', 'Anesthetics, Local', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Period', 'Preoperative Care', 'Reference Values', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Strabismus', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 18,641,820
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E03.155.197'], ['D27.505.696.277.100.200', 'D27.505.696.663.850.025', 'D27.505.954.427.210.100.200'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.614.750', 'N02.421.585.753.750'], ['E02.760.795', 'E04.604.750', 'N02.421.585.795'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['C10.292.562.887', 'C11.590.810'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Rebasing the Medicare payment for dialysis: rationale, challenges, and opportunities.
|
After Medicare's implementation of the bundled payment for dialysis in 2011, there has been a predictable decrease in the use of intravenous drugs included in the bundle. The change in use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, which decreased by 37% between 2007, when its allowance in the bundle was calculated, and 2012, was because of both changes in the Food and Drug Administration labeling for erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in 2011 and cost-containment efforts at the facility level. Legislation in 2012 required Medicare to decrease (rebase) the bundled payment for dialysis in 2014 to reflect this decrease in intravenous drug use, which amounted to a cut of 12% or $30 per treatment. Medicare subsequently decided to phase in this decrease in payment over several years to offset the increase in dialysis payment that would otherwise have occurred with inflation. A 3% reduction from the rebasing would offset an approximately 3% increase in the market basket that determines a facility's costs for 2014 and 2015. Legislation in March of 2014 provides that the rebasing will result in a 1.25% decrease in the market basket adjustment in 2016 and 2017 and a 1% decrease in the market basket adjustment in 2018 for an aggregate rebasing of 9.5% spread over 5 years. Adjusting to this payment decrease in inflation-adjusted dollars will be challenging for many dialysis providers in an industry that operates at an average 3%-4% margin. Closure of facilities, decreases in services, and increased consolidation of the industry are possible scenarios. Newer models of reimbursement, such as ESRD seamless care organizations, offer dialysis providers the opportunity to align incentives between themselves, nephrologists, hospitals, and other health care providers, potentially improving outcomes and saving money, which will be shared between Medicare and the participating providers.
|
['Administration, Intravenous', 'Ambulatory Care Facilities', 'Cost Control', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Hematinics', 'Humans', 'Medicare', 'Reimbursement Mechanisms', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Renal Insufficiency, Chronic', 'United States']
| 25,189,926
|
[['E02.319.267.082'], ['N02.278.035'], ['N03.219.151.160'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['D27.505.954.502.543'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.219.521.346.506.564.663', 'N03.219.521.576.343.840', 'N03.706.615.696'], ['N03.219.521.710.305'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['C12.777.419.780.750', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Inhibition of mouse liver alcohol dehydrogenase by methyl N-butyl ketone.
|
Methyl N-butyl ketone (MNBK) inhibited the activity of mouse liver alcohol dehydrogenase (LADH) in vitro. Ethanol elimination was reduced in MNBK-treated mice as compared to controls. Ethanol-induced induced loss of righting reflex was significantly prolonged in mice pretreated with MNBK.
|
['Alcohol Dehydrogenase', 'Alcohol Oxidoreductases', 'Animals', 'Brain', 'Chromatography, Gas', 'Ethanol', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Ketones', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Metabolic Clearance Rate', 'Methyl n-Butyl Ketone', 'Mice', 'Time Factors']
| 3,159,129
|
[['D08.811.682.047.820.250'], ['D08.811.682.047'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E05.196.181.349'], ['D02.033.375'], ['E05.481'], ['D02.522'], ['A03.620'], ['E01.370.225.843', 'E05.200.843', 'G03.490', 'G07.690.595', 'G07.690.725.513'], ['D02.522.520.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A Model for Temporal Dynamics of Brown Rot Spreading in Fruit Orchards.
|
Brown rot, caused by Monilinia spp., is a major disease of stone fruit and, in favorable environmental conditions and in the absence of fungicide treatments, it causes important economic losses. In the present work, we propose a modification of classical susceptible, exposed, infectious and removed compartmental models to grasp the peculiarities of the progression of brown rot epidemics in stone fruit orchards in the last stage of the fruit growth (i.e., from the end of the pit hardening to harvest time). Namely, we took into account (i) the lifespan of airborne spores; (ii) the dependence of the latent period on the cuticle crack surface area, which itself varies in time with fruit growth; (iii) the impossibility of recovery in infectious fruit; and (iv) the abrupt interruption of disease development by the elimination of the host fruit at harvest time. We parametrized the model by using field data from a peach Prunus persica orchard infected by Monilinia laxa and M. fructicola in Avignon (southern France). The basic reproduction number indicates that the environmental conditions met in the field were extremely favorable to disease development and the model closely fitted the temporal evolution of the fruit abundance in the different epidemiological compartments. The model permits us to highlight crucial mechanisms undergoing brown rot build up and to evaluate the consequences of different agricultural practices on the quantity and quality of the yield. We found that winter sanitation practices (which decrease the initial infection incidence) and the control of the fruit load (which affects the host fruit density and the single fruit growth trajectory) can be effective in controlling brown rot in conjunction with or in place of fungicide treatments.
|
['Ascomycota', 'France', 'Fruit', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Plant Diseases', 'Prunus persica']
| 29,182,471
|
[['B01.300.107'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['E05.599'], ['G15.610'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.937.500.625.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Change perspective to increase diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in calcium pyrophosphate dehydrate deposition disease! A new approach: the axial scan of the meniscus.
|
Ultrasonography (US) is a relevant tool in the study of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPP) deposition disease. However, differential diagnosis of hyperechoic deposits within the fibrocartilage can be difficult; moreover, US study is limited by the need of an adequate acoustic window. We describe a US scanning technique that offers a new viewpoint in the study of knee meniscal structure: a longitudinal scan performed according to the long axis of meniscus. This technique proves to be particularly useful for the identification of CPP deposition, but could also improve the US diagnostic utility and accuracy in other meniscal pathologies.
|
['Calcium Pyrophosphate', 'Chondrocalcinosis', 'Crystallization', 'Humans', 'Knee Joint', 'Meniscus', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Ultrasonography']
| 25,829,191
|
[['D01.029.260.700.675.374.075.150', 'D01.029.260.700.675.374.775.150.150', 'D01.146.360.150', 'D01.695.625.675.650.075.150', 'D01.695.625.675.650.775.150.150'], ['C05.550.114.264', 'C05.550.354.125'], ['E05.196.300', 'G02.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['A02.165.308.538', 'A10.165.382.350.163'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Quality assurance in DNR (do not resuscitate) decisions--the role of chaplaincy: a case report and a 92 patient group study.
|
This paper describes 10 indicators of quality assurance for DNR decisions developed by a New England hospital's chaplaincy. It then looks at how these 10 indicators were applied to a specific case and subsequently to the hospital's group of 92 terminal cases. Recommendations were also made for each responsibility group in the hospital.
|
['Chaplaincy Service, Hospital', 'Decision Making', 'Ethics, Institutional', 'Hospital Bed Capacity, 500 and over', 'Hospital Departments', 'Interdepartmental Relations', 'Massachusetts', 'Professional Staff Committees', 'Quality Assurance, Health Care', 'Resuscitation', 'Role', 'Terminal Care']
| 10,292,622
|
[['N02.278.216.500.968.270', 'N04.452.442.452.422.270'], ['F02.463.785.373'], ['K01.752.566.479.168', 'N05.350.325'], ['N02.278.306.472.300'], ['N02.278.216.500.968', 'N04.452.442.452.422'], ['N04.452.822.388'], ['Z01.107.567.875.550.510'], ['N04.452.758.788', 'N05.700.685'], ['N04.761.700', 'N05.700'], ['E02.365.647'], ['F01.829.316.616'], ['E02.760.905', 'N02.421.585.905']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Colony opacity, hemadsorption, hemolysis, and mitogenicity are not associated with virulence of Mycoplasma pulmonis.
|
Colony opacity, hemadsorption and hemolysis of erythrocytes, and the ability of whole mycoplasmal cells to induce a blastogenic response when incubated with C3H/HeN or C57BL/6 mouse lymphocytes were examined for 18 strains of Mycoplasma pulmonis to determine if any of these characteristics could be associated with virulence in vivo. Although there were differences among strains in each of these characteristics, none of these parameters were associated with virulence.
|
['Animals', 'Erythrocytes', 'Hemolysis', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Mice', 'Mycoplasma', 'Mycoplasma Infections', 'Species Specificity']
| 3,397,189
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['C23.550.403', 'G12.122.545'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B03.440.860.580.553.553'], ['C01.150.252.400.610.610'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cultured epithelial autografts in extensive burn coverage of severely traumatized patients: a five year single-center experience with 30 patients.
|
OBJECTIVE: We report recent five-year experience in a large, single center series of severely burned and otherwise traumatized patients given cultured epithelial autografts (CEA) from a single commercial laboratory.SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Initial optimism over CEA application has been tempered by subsequent reports asserting that this modality is unreliable and expensive. Discussion continues over its clinical role.METHODS: From 1991 to 1996, CEA were applied to a mean 37+/-17% of total body surface area (TBSA) of 30 patients. These patients had 78+/-10% average burn size, 65+/-16% average third-degree burn size, 90% prevalence of endoscopically confirmed inhalation injury and 37% prevalence of other serious conditions.RESULTS: CEA achieved permanent coverage of a mean 26+/-15% of TBSA, an area greater than that covered by conventional autografts (a mean 25+/-10% of TBSA). Survival was 90% in these severely burned and otherwise traumatized patients. Final CEA take was a mean 69+/-23%. In subset analyses, only younger age was significantly associated with better CEA take (p = 0.0001 in univariate analysis, p<0.04 in multivariate analysis, Student's t-test).CONCLUSIONS: Epicel CEA successfully provided extensive, permanent burn coverage in severely traumatized patients, proving an important adjunct to achievement of a high survival rate in a patient population whose prognosis previously had been poor. In our experience CEA appear to have a very high beneficial value in the management of bur ns >60% TBSA. In some cases studied it is very likely that CEA was a life-saving treatment.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Anti-Infective Agents, Local', 'Bandages', 'Body Surface Area', 'Burns', 'Burns, Inhalation', 'Cerium', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Culture Techniques', 'Drug Combinations', 'Epithelium', 'Female', 'France', 'Graft Survival', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Prognosis', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Silver Sulfadiazine', 'Skin Transplantation', 'Survival Rate', 'Transplantation, Autologous', 'Transplantation, Homologous']
| 10,751,706
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D27.505.954.122.187'], ['E07.101'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.231', 'E05.041.124.231', 'G07.100.100.231'], ['C26.200'], ['C26.200.322'], ['D01.268.558.362.249', 'D01.552.550.399.249'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.481.500'], ['D26.310'], ['A10.272'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['G12.875.545.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['D02.065.884.725.755.800', 'D02.092.146.807.755.800', 'D02.886.590.700.725.755.800'], ['E02.095.147.725.700', 'E04.680.275.850', 'E04.936.580.700'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['E04.936.664'], ['E04.936.864']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Combined transarterial chemoembolization and microwave ablation versus transarterial chemoembolization in BCLC stage B hepatocellular carcinoma.
|
PURPOSE: We aimed to compare the clinical effectiveness of combination therapy of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and microwave ablation (MWA) with TACE monotherapy in BCLC stage B HCC patients with tumor size ?7 cm and tumor number ?5.METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 150 BCLC stage B HCC patients who had received TACE monotherapy or TACE-MWA combination therapy in our hospital from March 2007 to April 2016. The patients were matched by propensity score at the ratio of 1:2 by optimal method. The median follow-up period was 16 months. The overall survival, tumor response and progression-free survival were compared between the two groups by Kaplan-Meier method and Log rank test.RESULTS: Tumor response (complete or partial response or stable disease) rates at 6, 12, 18, 24 months were 55.5%, 37.3%, 21.3%, 15.8% for TACE group, and 74%, 47.8%, 35%, 31.8% for TACE-MWA group, respectively. The survival rates at 1, 3, 5 years were 77.5%, 42.1%, 21% for TACE group and 93.1%, 79%, 67.7% for TACE-MWA group, respectively. Compared with TACE group, the TACE-MWA group had significantly improved progression-free survival (P = 0.044) and overall survival (P = 0.002).CONCLUSION: TACE-MWA combination therapy has better clinical effectiveness than TACE monotherapy in BCLC stage B patients with tumor size ?7 cm and tumor number ?5.
|
['Ablation Techniques', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Chemoembolization, Therapeutic', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Liver', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Microwaves', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 29,792,289
|
[['E04.014'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['E02.520.360.150', 'E02.926.500.150'], ['E02.186'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['A03.620'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['G01.358.500.505.810.500', 'G01.750.250.810.500', 'G01.750.770.721.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Phosphatidylserine decarboxylase from Clostridium butyricum.
|
Phosphatidylserine decarboxylase activity has been characterized in membrane preparations from Clostridium butyricum ATCC 19398. A particulate fraction was shown to catalyze the formation of phosphatidylethanolamine and plasmenylethanolamine when vesicles containing phosphatidylserine and plasmenylserine were used as substrate. No plasmenylethanolamine was formed when phosphatidylserine alone was used as substrate. The activity with phosphatidylserine was activated by divalent cations and was optimal under anaerobic conditions. Ionic detergents inhibited phosphatidylethanolamine formation strongly and nonionic detergents inhibited partially. In the presence of Triton X-100, phosphate from [32P]phosphatidylserine appeared in three unidentified lipid products, in addition to phosphatidylethanolamine. The formation of these products was time- and Triton X-100 concentration-dependent. Hydroxylamine inhibited phosphatidylserine decarboxylase, but did not prevent the reactions stimulated by Triton X-100.
|
['Carboxy-Lyases', 'Chromatography, Thin Layer', 'Clostridium', 'Decarboxylation', 'Detergents', 'Phosphatidylserines', 'Plasmalogens', 'Protoplasts']
| 4,020,299
|
[['D08.811.520.224.125'], ['E05.196.181.400.537'], ['B03.300.390.400.200', 'B03.353.625.375.500', 'B03.510.415.400.200'], ['G02.111.195', 'G02.607.188', 'G03.225'], ['D27.720.877.265', 'J01.516.381'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.971'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.985.820'], ['A11.789']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Freeze-fracture electron microscopic observations on the effects of sulphydryl group reagents on human erythrocyte membranes.
|
Freeze-fracture electron microscopy of human red blood cells at pH 7.4 and 5.5 reveals the presence of membrane elevations (50-100 nm diameter). These are also observed after incubation of the erythrocytes with N-ethylmaleimide but not after incubation with p-chloromercuribenzene sulphonate. Neither of the sulphydryl-group reagents affects the distribution or size of intramembrane particles. The findings are discussed in the light of the effects of mercurials on erythrocyte membrane proteins.
|
['Erythrocyte Membrane', 'Freeze Fracturing', 'Humans', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Sulfhydryl Reagents']
| 3,677,180
|
[['A11.118.290.270', 'A11.284.149.356', 'A15.145.229.334.270'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.620.260', 'E01.370.225.750.600.620.260', 'E05.200.500.620.620.260', 'E05.200.750.600.620.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['D27.720.470.410.700']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Expression and function of integrin alpha4beta1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) during sympathetic innervation of the heart.
|
The interaction between the integrin alpha4beta1 receptor on superior cervical ganglion (SCG) neurons and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in cardiac tissue has been implicated in proper development of the sympathetic innervation of the heart (Wingerd et al. [2002] J Neurosci 22:10772-10780). In this study, we examined the expression and function of alpha4beta1 and VCAM-1 in developing rat SCG and heart. In vitro, the alpha4beta1-dependent neurite outgrowth on VCAM-1 decreased by approximately 50% from postnatal day 1 to 6. This down-regulation was correlated with a shift in alpha4 isoform and a shift in alpha4 localization from neurites to cell bodies. This altered localization was also observed in vivo but on a different time scale. alpha4 was detected on most developing SCG neurons and on macrophages and blood vessels. In the heart, alpha4 was detected on sympathetic axons, but the percentage of alpha4-positive fibers decreased with age. VCAM-1 immunoreactivity was abundant in heart tissue throughout development, in close proximity to sympathetic axons. The regulation of alpha4beta1 function, and localization of alpha4 and VCAM-1, are consistent with a role for the alpha4beta1--VCAM-1 interaction in extension of sympathetic axons into the myocardium.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Heart', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Integrin alpha4beta1', 'Neurons', 'Rats', 'Superior Cervical Ganglion', 'Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1']
| 15,366,013
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['A07.541'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.625.347', 'D12.776.543.550.200.625.347', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.530.500', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.850.299', 'D12.776.543.750.705.877.347', 'D23.050.301.350.625.347'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['A08.340.315.350.850', 'A08.800.050.300.300.850', 'A08.800.050.800.300.850'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.920', 'D12.776.543.550.200.920', 'D23.050.301.350.920']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Antiviral effect of bacterially produced human interferon (Hu-IFN alpha 2) against experimental vaccinia infection in calves.
|
The heterologous antiviral efficiency of bacterially produced human interferon (Hu-IFN alpha 2) in the bovine species was studied, using vaccinia infection as experimental model. In a double blind experiment, young calves were intramuscularly injected daily for seven consecutive days with different doses of Hu-IFN alpha 2 or placebo, the treatment starting 24 h before intradermal inoculation of vaccinia virus. A clear protection by interferon was observed in all the IFN treated animals, although individual variations in the sensitivity to IFN were recorded. The efficiency of treatment varied according to the dose of IFN used: With the highest dose (10(6) IU/kg), complete protection could be obtained. The only side-effect observed was hyperthermia. Circulating antiviral activity appeared quite early after each IFN injection, presented a more or less biphasic kinetics, and was completely cleared after 24 h, justifying the daily treatment schedule. The first evidence of an in vivo antiviral effect of human interferon in the bovine species opens broad perspectives for a future use of interferon in veterinary medicine.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Viral', 'Cattle', 'DNA, Recombinant', 'Humans', 'Interferon Type I', 'Metabolic Clearance Rate', 'Vaccinia', 'Vaccinia virus', 'Viral Interference']
| 3,989,335
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D13.444.308.460'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890', 'D23.529.374.440.890'], ['E01.370.225.843', 'E05.200.843', 'G03.490', 'G07.690.595', 'G07.690.725.513'], ['C01.925.256.743.929'], ['B04.280.650.160.650.900'], ['G06.920.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Heterozygote deficiency, population substructure and their implications in DNA fingerprinting.
|
Substructured populations exhibit an overall deficiency of heterozygosity whose proportional magnitude depends on the nature of substructuring, i.e., the number of subpopulations (s), their time of divergence (t) from the ancestral population, and the rate of gene flow amongst them (m). Since apparent heterozygote deficiency could be caused by many factors other than population substructuring, one must examine the nature of substructuring that could produce the observed extent of heterozygote deficiency, in order to infer the substructuring from an observed heterozygote deficiency. Using the equivalence of proportional heterozygote deficiency and the coefficient of gene differentiation (GST), we can generate isolines of GST as functions of s, t (in units of 2Ne generations, Ne being the effective population size) and m. Analytical results suggest that large GST values cannot be reached by substructuring alone, unless the number of subpopulations are large and they remain isolated over a long period of time. Application of the theory to population data on six variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) loci in US Caucasians and US Blacks demonstrates that the observed heterozygote deficiencies at these loci cannot be explained by substructuring within these populations alone. This is so because such large values of GST (3%-10%) would require an absence of gene exchange between the subpopulations and a divergence time from each other of at least 25,000 years ago, neither of which is compatible with the demography and ethnohistory of US Caucasians and Blacks. In contrast, the inability to detect extreme-sized alleles and/or incomplete resolution of nearly similar-sized alleles following Southern gel electrophoresis could easily explain the observed heterozygote deficiencies. The implications of these results are discussed in the context of the forensic use of DNA-typing data, and justify the employment of population genetic principles in forensic genetics.
|
['African Continental Ancestry Group', 'DNA Fingerprinting', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Genetics, Population', 'Heterozygote', 'Humans', 'Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid']
| 1,733,828
|
[['M01.686.508.100'], ['E05.318.740.225.500.500', 'E05.393.290', 'I01.198.780.937.375', 'N04.452.910.099.750'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['H01.158.273.343.335'], ['G05.380.383'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.570.080.708', 'G05.360.080.708']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Impaired time perception and motor timing in stimulant-dependent subjects.
|
Stimulant-dependent individuals (SDI) have abnormal brain metabolism and structural changes involving dopaminergic target areas important for the processing of time. These individuals are also more impulsive and impaired in working memory and attention. The current study tested whether SDI show altered temporal processing in relation to impulsivity or impaired prefrontal cortex functioning. We employed a series of timing tasks aimed to examine time processing from the milliseconds to multiple seconds range and assessed cognitive function in 15 male SDI and 15 stimulant-na?ve individuals. A mediation analysis determined the degree to which impulsivity or executive dysfunctions contributed to group differences in time processing. SDI showed several abnormal time processing characteristics. SDI needed larger time differences for effective duration discrimination, particularly for intervals of around 1s. SDI also accelerated finger tapping during a continuation period after a 1Hz pacing stimulus was removed. In addition, SDI overestimated the duration of a relatively long time interval, an effect which was attributable to higher impulsivity. Taken together, these data show for the first time that SDI exhibit altered time processing in several domains, one which can be explained by increased impulsivity. Altered time processing in SDI could explain why SDI have difficulty delaying gratification.
|
['Adult', 'Attention', 'Cocaine', 'Cognition Disorders', 'Dopamine', 'Humans', 'Impulsive Behavior', 'Male', 'Memory, Short-Term', 'Methamphetamine', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Perceptual Disorders', 'Prefrontal Cortex', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Substance-Related Disorders', 'Time Perception']
| 17,434,690
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F02.830.104.214'], ['D02.145.074.722.388', 'D03.132.889.354', 'D03.605.084.500.722.388', 'D03.605.869.388'], ['F03.615.250'], ['D02.092.211.215.406', 'D02.092.311.342', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.527'], ['F02.463.425.540.407'], ['D02.092.471.683.152.619'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.513'], ['C10.597.606.762', 'C23.888.592.604.764', 'F01.700.750'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270.700'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900'], ['F02.463.593.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Binding effect of Cu(2+) as a trigger on the sol-to-gel and the coil-to-helix transition processes of polysaccharide, gellan gum.
|
The binding effect of divalent cation Cu(2+) on the gelation process with a coil-helix transition in Cu(2+)/gellan aqueous solutions has been successfully elucidated by EPR, CD, and viscoelasticity measurements. Generally, Na-type gellan gum in aqueous solution can make gel when accompanied by an intrinsic coil-helix formation induced by hydrogen bonding between chains without any additional cations at T(ch)(-)(in) ( approximately 29 degrees C) with cooling temperature. An extrinsic coil-helix transition, induced by additional divalent cations in advance of the intrinsic sol-gel transition of gellan gum, is separately detected by CD measurement. The extrinsic coil-helix transition temperatures T(ch)(-)(ex) (>47 degrees C), which increased with the Cu(2+) concentration added, were nearly identical to the sol-gel transition temperature, T(sg), determined by the viscoelasticity measurement. Judging from the molar ellipticity by CD measurement and quantitative analysis of EPR spectra, it was elucidated that the helix forming process via divalent cations is composed of two steps ascribed to the different origins, i.e., a chemical binding effect via Cu(2+) ions in the initial stage and hydrogen bonds subsequently. Finally, we propose the coil-helix and the sol-gel transition mechanism initiated by the binding effect with the divalent cation, in which the partial chelate formation can cause local formation of helices and junction zones in the vicinity of the chelates at the initial stage of the process and stabilize the helices and the junction zones. On the other hand, the stabilized helices and junction zones can induce further formation and further stabilization of the Cu(2+)-gellan chelates. The mutual stabilization promotes the formation of three-dimensional network structure at the higher temperature than the intrinsic temperature for network formation.
|
['Binding Sites', 'Circular Dichroism', 'Copper', 'Elasticity', 'Gels', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Polysaccharides, Bacterial', 'Viscosity']
| 15,132,674
|
[['G02.111.570.120'], ['E05.196.867.151'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['G01.374.590'], ['D20.280.320', 'D26.255.165.320'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['D09.698.718', 'D23.050.161.616'], ['G02.930']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Characterization of the plasmid-borne quinolone resistance gene qnrB19 in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium.
|
A qnrB19 gene variant, carried by an IncL/M-like plasmid, was detected in a multidrug Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium human strain with reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. The genetic environment around the gene was fully sequenced (20 kb). A large gene cluster, containing the aph, qnrB19, and blaSHV-12-like resistance genes, is inserted inside a Tn3 transposon.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'DNA Transposable Elements', 'Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Multigene Family', 'Plasmids', 'Quinolones', 'Salmonella typhimurium']
| 19,528,272
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D12.776.097'], ['D13.444.308.520', 'G02.111.570.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.340.024.425.200'], ['G06.099.225.812', 'G06.225.347.812', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.812', 'G07.690.773.984.300.500'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['G05.360.600'], ['D03.633.100.810.835'], ['B03.440.450.425.800.200.825', 'B03.660.250.150.710.160.760']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Auditory temporal perceptual learning and transfer in Chinese-speaking children with developmental dyslexia.
|
Perceptual learning refers to the improvement of perceptual performance as a function of training. Recent studies found that auditory perceptual learning may improve phonological skills in individuals with developmental dyslexia in alphabetic writing system. However, whether auditory perceptual learning could also benefit the reading skills of those learning the Chinese logographic writing system is, as yet, unknown. The current study aimed to investigate the remediation effect of auditory temporal perceptual learning on Mandarin-speaking school children with developmental dyslexia. Thirty children with dyslexia were screened from a large pool of students in 3th-5th grades. They completed a series of pretests and then were assigned to either a non-training control group or a training group. The training group worked on a pure tone duration discrimination task for 7 sessions over 2 weeks with thirty minutes per session. Post-tests immediately after training and a follow-up test 2 months later were conducted. Analyses revealed a significant training effect in the training group relative to non-training group, as well as near transfer to the temporal interval discrimination task and far transfer to phonological awareness, character recognition and reading fluency. Importantly, the training effect and all the transfer effects were stable at the 2-month follow-up session. Further analyses found that a significant correlation between character recognition performance and learning rate mainly existed in the slow learning phase, the consolidation stage of perceptual learning, and this effect was modulated by an individuals' executive function. These findings indicate that adaptive auditory temporal perceptual learning can lead to learning and transfer effects on reading performance, and shed further light on the potential role of basic perceptual learning in the remediation and prevention of developmental dyslexia.
|
['Auditory Perception', 'Child', 'Dyslexia', 'Education of Intellectually Disabled', 'Female', 'Handwriting', 'Humans', 'Learning', 'Male', 'Reading', 'Speech Articulation Tests', 'Teaching', 'Transfer, Psychology']
| 29,413,429
|
[['F02.463.593.071', 'G07.888.125'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C10.597.606.150.500.300', 'C10.597.606.150.550.200', 'C23.888.592.604.150.500.300', 'C23.888.592.604.150.550.200', 'F03.625.562.400'], ['F02.784.629.375', 'I02.233.213.400'], ['L01.559.423.906.539'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['L01.559.423.557'], ['E01.370.760.760'], ['I02.903'], ['F02.463.425.910']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Expression of the human NRAMP1 gene in professional primary phagocytes: studies in blood cells and in HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia.
|
In the mouse, mutations at the natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (Nramp1) gene abrogate resistance to infection with antigenically unrelated intracellular parasites such as Mycobacterium, Salmonella, and Leishmania. Nramp1 expression is restricted to reticuloendothelial organs and peripheral blood leukocytes, where the protein may function as a membrane transporter of an as yet to be identified substrate. To identify the human blood cell type(s) expressing NRAMP1 mRNA and determine how Nramp1 expression is regulated in these cells, we have examined separated populations of peripheral blood leukocytes and in vitro cell lines. We observed that polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) are the major site of NRAMP1 expression, followed to a lesser degree by monocytes (MN). Migration of MN to tissues (alveolar macrophages) or maturation in vitro (long-term culture) was associated with a higher level of NRAMP1 expression compared with blood MN. Northern analyses of RNA from model cultured cells showed absence of NRAMP1 expression in transformed cell lines from either erythroid or lymphoid T or B lineages as well as progenitors of the monocyte/macrophage pathway (KG1, U937, THP1), and the HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia. Induction of differentiation of HL-60 cells toward either the monocyte/macrophage (vitamin D3, phorbol ester) or the granulocyte pathways (DMF, DMSO), as measured by induction of IL8-Rb, c-FMS, and CD14 marker gene expression, was concomitant with a strong induction of NRAMP1 expression. These results suggest that NRAMP1 expression is specific to the myeloid lineage and is acquired during the maturation of PMN and MN. The possibility that NRAMP1 may be a component of the phagosomal/endosomal apparatus common to PMN and MN is discussed.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Cation Transport Proteins', 'HL-60 Cells', 'Humans', 'Jurkat Cells', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Neutrophils', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Species Specificity', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 9,000,542
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D12.776.157'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.250', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250'], ['A11.251.210.190.465', 'A11.251.860.180.465', 'A11.627.340.360.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.251.210.190.495', 'A11.251.860.180.495', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.440'], ['D12.776.543'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.393.751'], ['G16.824'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
No Relation between Body Temperature and Arterial Recanalization at Three Days in Patients with Acute Ischaemic Stroke.
|
BACKGROUND: Recanalization of an occluded intracranial artery is influenced by temperature-dependent enzymes, including alteplase. We assessed the relation between body temperature on admission and recanalization.METHODS: We included 278 patients with acute ischaemic stroke within nine hours after symptom onset, who had an intracranial arterial occlusion on admission CT angiography, in 13 participating centres. We calculated the relation per every 0.1°Celsius increase in admission body temperature and recanalization at three days.RESULTS: Recanalization occurred in 80% of occluded arteries. There was no relation between body temperature and recanalization at three days after adjustments for age, NIHSS score on admission and treatment with alteplase (adjusted odds ratio per 0.1°Celsius, 0.99; 95% confidence interval, 0.94-1.05; p = 0.70). Results for patients treated or not treated with alteplase were essentially the same.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that in patients with acute ischaemic stroke there is no relation between body temperature on admission and recanalization of an occluded intracranial artery three days later, irrespective of treatment with alteplase.
|
['Aged', 'Body Temperature', 'Brain Ischemia', 'Cerebrovascular Circulation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Stroke', 'Time Factors', 'Tissue Plasminogen Activator']
| 26,473,959
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.600.875.374', 'G07.110'], ['C10.228.140.300.150', 'C14.907.253.092'], ['G09.330.100.159'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.875', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.875', 'D12.776.124.125.662.768', 'D23.119.970']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Sub- or intertrochanteric fracture following screw fixation of an intracapsular proximal femoral fracture: true complication or technical error?
|
PURPOSE: To review, retrospectively, the possible causes of sub- or intertrochanteric fractures after screw fixation of intracapsular fractures of the proximal femur.METHODS: Eighty-four patients with an intracapsular fracture of proximal femur were operated between 1995 and 1998 by using three cannulated 6.25 mm screws. The screws were inserted in a triangular configuration, one screw in the upper part of the femoral neck and two screws in the inferior part. Between 1999 and 2001, we use two screws proximally and one screw distally.RESULTS: In the first series, two patients died within one week after operation. Sixty-four fractures healed without problems. Four patients developed an atrophic non-union; avascular necrosis of the femoral head was found in 11 patients. Three patients (3.6%) suffered a sub- and/or intertrochanteric fracture after a mean postoperative time of 30 days, in one case without obvious trauma. In all three cases surgical revision was necessary. Between 1999 and 2001 we did not observe any fracture after screwing.CONCLUSION: Two screws in the inferior part of the femoral neck create a stress riser in the subtrochanteric region, potentially inducing a fracture in the weakened bone. For internal fixation for proximal intracapsular femoral fracture only one screw must be inserted in the inferior part of neck.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Bone Screws', 'Female', 'Femur Neck', 'Fracture Fixation, Internal', 'Hip Fractures', 'Humans', 'Joint Capsule', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Radiography', 'Recurrence', 'Reoperation', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 12,723,288
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['E07.695.370.437', 'E07.858.442.660.460.437', 'E07.858.690.725.460.437'], ['A02.835.232.043.150.510'], ['E04.555.300.300'], ['C26.404.061.425', 'C26.531.750', 'C26.558.276.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.583.443'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E04.690'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
In vitro susceptibility of fungi to killing by neutrophil granulocytes discriminates between primary pathogenicity and opportunism.
|
Pathogenic fungi, according to their propensity to cause infection of apparently normal individuals, can be grouped into either primary pathogens (e.g., Coccidioides, Histoplasma, Paracoccidioides, Blastomyces, and Sporothrix) or opportunists (e.g., Candida, Mucoraceae, Aspergillus spp., Petriellidium, and Trichosporon). There is, however, no unifying concept explaining the difference between the virulence of the two fungal categories. Previously we have speculated that neutrophils are the common denominator of the high natural resistance to opportunistic fungi. Accordingly, we then compared the susceptibility to killing by neutrophil granulocytes of Histoplasma, Blastomyces, Paracoccidioides, and Sporothrix with that of 14 opportunistic fungi. We found the four virulent dimorphic yeasts, in contrast to opportunistic fungi, to be resistant to killing by neutrophils. Virulent dimorphic yeasts were ingested by neutrophils, and triggered a respiratory burst comparably to opportunists but were less susceptible to hydrogen peroxide, suggesting that differences in the susceptibility to microbicidal products of leukocytes may explain the difference in virulence.
|
['Blastomycosis', 'Candidiasis', 'Disease Susceptibility', 'Fungi', 'Histoplasmosis', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Mycoses', 'Neutrophils', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Paracoccidioidomycosis', 'Phagocytosis', 'Virulence']
| 3,734,102
|
[['C01.150.703.302.055', 'C01.150.703.534.350', 'C01.748.435.395', 'C01.800.200.055', 'C08.381.472.350', 'C08.730.435.395', 'C17.800.838.208.055'], ['C01.150.703.160'], ['C23.550.291.687', 'G07.100.250'], ['B01.300'], ['C01.150.703.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['C01.150.703'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['G03.680'], ['C01.150.703.700'], ['G04.417.350', 'G09.188.665', 'G12.450.564.809', 'G12.688'], ['G06.930']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
An optimized framework for quantitative magnetization transfer imaging of the cervical spinal cord in vivo.
|
PURPOSE: To develop a framework to fully characterize quantitative magnetization transfer indices in the human cervical cord in vivo within a clinically feasible time.METHODS: A dedicated spinal cord imaging protocol for quantitative magnetization transfer was developed using a reduced field-of-view approach with echo planar imaging (EPI) readout. Sequence parameters were optimized based in the Cramer-Rao-lower bound. Quantitative model parameters (i.e., bound pool fraction, free and bound pool transverse relaxation times [ T2F, T2B], and forward exchange rate [kFB ]) were estimated implementing a numerical model capable of dealing with the novelties of the sequence adopted. The framework was tested on five healthy subjects.RESULTS: Cramer-Rao-lower bound minimization produces optimal sampling schemes without requiring the establishment of a steady-state MT effect. The proposed framework allows quantitative voxel-wise estimation of model parameters at the resolution typically used for spinal cord imaging (i.e. 0.75 ? 0.75 ? 5 mm3 ), with a protocol duration of ?35 min. Quantitative magnetization transfer parametric maps agree with literature values. Whole-cord mean values are: bound pool fraction = 0.11(±0.01), T2F = 46.5(±1.6) ms, T2B = 11.0(±0.2) µs, and kFB = 1.95(±0.06) Hz. Protocol optimization has a beneficial effect on reproducibility, especially for T2B and kFB .CONCLUSION: The framework developed enables robust characterization of spinal cord microstructure in vivo using qMT. Magn Reson Med 79:2576-2588, 2018. © 2017 The Authors Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
|
['Adult', 'Algorithms', 'Cervical Cord', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Myelin Sheath', 'Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted']
| 28,921,614
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['A08.186.854.126'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['A08.637.600.500', 'A08.637.800.500', 'A08.675.542.512.560', 'A08.800.800.690.500', 'A10.755.503', 'A11.284.149.165.600', 'A11.650.600.500', 'A11.650.800.500', 'A11.671.501.512.560', 'A11.671.514.553'], ['L01.224.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Puerarin prevents inflammation and apoptosis in the neurocytes of a murine Parkinson's disease model.
|
The aim of this study was to investigate Parkinson's disease (PD) using a murine model of PD. Specifically, we aimed to explore the mechanism by which puerarin prevents inflammation and apoptosis in neurocytes. Eighty healthy male C57/BL6 mice were randomly selected and divided into four groups (N = 20 each): control group; PD group; PD+puerarin group; and puerarin group. At the end of the treatment period, the animals' brains were removed after perfusion and decollation. The protein expression levels of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the murine brains were assessed by immunohistochemistry and the protein expression levels of TH, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cleaved Caspase-3, and Bax in the substantia nigra and corpus striatum of the animals were assessed by western blotting. The spontaneous activity of the PD mice was found to be significantly higher after puerarin treatment and the distance traveled by mice in an open field assessment was 1700 cm further in puerarin-treated PD mice than in PD mice. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting analyses indicated that the expression of TH was significantly higher (2.63-fold) in puerarin-treated PD mice than in untreated PD mice and that the expression of GFAP in PD mice was significantly reduced (~45%) by puerarin treatment. These findings lead us to conclude that puerarin significantly alleviates 1-methyl-4-phenyl- 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced injury in dopaminergic neurons. Puerarin mediates anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory activities and plays a neuroprotective role.
|
['1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine', 'Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Caspase 3', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Down-Regulation', 'Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein', 'Inflammation', 'Isoflavones', 'Male', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Neurons', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II', 'Parkinson Disease', 'Substantia Nigra', 'Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase', 'bcl-2-Associated X Protein']
| 27,808,353
|
[['D03.383.725.450'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126.350.300', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126.350.300', 'D12.644.360.075.405.350.300', 'D12.776.476.075.405.350.300'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['D05.750.078.593.400', 'D12.776.220.475.400'], ['C23.550.470'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.400', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.400'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772.500', 'D12.776.157.687.575', 'D12.776.660.720.575'], ['C10.228.140.079.862.500', 'C10.228.662.600.400', 'C10.574.928.750'], ['A08.186.211.132.659.413.656'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.923', 'D12.776.556.579.374.925'], ['D12.644.360.075.718.400', 'D12.776.476.075.718.400']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Salmonellosis in Poland in 2011.
|
THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: To assess the epidemiological situation of salmonellosis in Poland in 2011 as compared with previous years.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The assessment was based on the results of analysis of the data from the newsletter "Infectious diseases and poisonings in Poland 2011", information from laboratories of sanitary-epidemiological stations and reports of epidemiological investigations performed in outbreaks of salmonellosis, sent by the sanitary-epidemiological stations to the Department of Epidemiology and also on the data from the Department for Demographic Research, Central Statistical Office. For the purpose of surveillance disease were classified in accordance with the current case definition.RESULTS: In 2011, the total number of cases of zoonotic salmonellosis registered in Poland was 8 813. Out of it 8 652 cases were of intestinal salmonellosis and 161 of parenteral. The overall incidence was 22.9/100 000. Over 95% of cases met criteria of confirmed case. The number of registered cases was the lowest ever recorded, indicating a continuing downward trend in incidence of salmonellosis in Poland. Maintains a high percentage of hospitalization, almost 70% of people infected with zoonotic Salmonella - but in outbreaks the figure is more than two and a half times lower and is less than 27%. The incidence was highest among children less then five years old. No deaths were registered with the salmonellosis indicated as the underlying cause. In 2011 there were reported 174 outbreaks caused by Salmonella, in which 1774 people fell ill. They were mostly small family outbreaks. Still the most common etiologic factor in Poland is S. Enteritidis. In 2011, fraction of Salmonella rods without confirmed species increased by 13% compared to 2010. In the province of Pomorskie it was the highest and reached 45%.CONCLUSION: A very high percentage of hospitalized cases of salmonellosis that persists for many years at 70%, testifies to the recognition and reporting mostly the more severe cases. This means that reporting ofsalmonellosis in Poland is largely under-diagnosed and underreported. The fact that increasing the percentage of Salmonella that are not serotyped is another problem of concern.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Disease Outbreaks', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Intestinal Diseases', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Poland', 'Salmonella Food Poisoning', 'Young Adult']
| 24,340,562
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['N06.850.290'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C06.405.469'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.542.248.679'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.821.606', 'C25.723.415.738'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Proteasomes associated with the Blm10 activator protein antagonize mitochondrial fission through degradation of the fission protein Dnm1.
|
The conserved Blm10/PA200 activators bind to the proteasome core particle gate and facilitate turnover of peptides and unfolded proteins in vitro. We report here that Blm10 is required for the maintenance of functional mitochondria. BLM10 expression is induced 25-fold upon a switch from fermentation to oxidative metabolism. In the absence of BLM10, Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells exhibit a temperature-sensitive growth defect under oxidative growth conditions and produce colonies with dysfunctional mitochondria at high frequency. Loss of BLM10 leads to reduced respiratory capacity, increased mitochondrial oxidative damage, and reduced viability in the presence of oxidative stress or death stimuli. In the absence of BLM10, increased fragmentation of the mitochondrial network under oxidative stress is observed indicative of elevated activity of the mitochondrial fission machinery. The degradation of Dnm1, the main factor mediating mitochondrial fission, is impaired in the absence of BLM10 in vitro and in vivo. These data suggest that the mitochondrial functional and morphological changes observed are related to elevated Dnm1 levels. This hypothesis is supported by the finding that cells that constitutively overexpress DNM1 display the same mitochondrial defects as blm10Ä cells. The data are consistent with a model in which Blm10 proteasome-mediated turnover of Dnm1 is required for the maintenance of mitochondrial function and provides cytoprotection under conditions that induce increased mitochondrial damage and programmed cell death.
|
['Apoptosis', 'Base Sequence', 'DNA Primers', 'GTP Phosphohydrolases', 'Mitochondria', 'Mitochondrial Proteins', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins']
| 24,604,417
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D08.811.277.040.330'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['D12.776.575'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D05.500.562.500', 'D08.811.277.656.918', 'D08.811.600.730'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Low-dose antithymocyte globulin enhanced the efficacy of tacrolimus and mycophenolate for GVHD prophylaxis in recipients of unrelated SCT.
|
We performed a retrospective analysis of the outcome of 197 consecutive unrelated donor transplant recipients who received GVHD prophylaxis either TM regimen (tacrolimus and mycophenolate) (121 patients) or TM/ATG-G regimen (TM with low-dose antithymocyte globulin (ATG) of 4.5 mg/kg, ATG-G, Genzyme) (76 patients). Cumulative incidences of grade II-IV acute GVHD for the TM and TM/ATG-G cohorts were 49% and 61% (P=0.11) and grade III-IV acute GVHD for the TM and TM/ATG-G cohorts were 27% and 14% (P=0.02), respectively. There was no difference in the incidence of relapse or disease progression between TM and TM/ATG-G-16% and 23% (P=0.64). TM/ATG-G cohort had lower incidence of non-relapse mortality (NRM; 37% vs 20%, P=0.01), chronic GVHD (56% vs 43%, P<0.001) and more favorable global chronic GVHD severity (P<0.001). Univariate analyses showed improved OS and PFS of patients who received TM/ATG-G. Multivariate analysis confirmed TM/ATG-G had a favorable influence on OS (P=0.05) but not on PFS (P=0.07). We concluded that low-dose ATG of 4.5 mg/kg given in conjunction with TM improved GVHD prophylaxis without increased risk of relapse. Lower NRM, lower incidence and severity of chronic GVHD could potentially improve survival.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antilymphocyte Serum', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Graft vs Host Disease', 'Hematologic Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mycophenolic Acid', 'Risk Factors', 'Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Tacrolimus', 'Unrelated Donors']
| 25,285,804
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A12.207.152.846.500.203', 'D12.776.124.486.485.114.573.203', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.573.203', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.573.203', 'D20.215.401.203'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C20.452'], ['C04.588.448', 'C15.378.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.241.081.193.678', 'D10.251.618'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E02.095.147.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687'], ['D02.540.505.810'], ['M01.898.828']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Support media can steer methanogenesis in the presence of phenol through biotic and abiotic effects.
|
A wide variety of inhibitors can induce anaerobic digester disruption. To avoid performance losses, support media can be used to mitigate inhibitions. However, distinguishing the physico-chemical from the biological mechanisms of such strategies remains delicate. In this framework, the impact of 10 g/L of different types of zeolites and activated carbons (AC) on microbial community dynamics during anaerobic digestion of biowaste in the presence of 1.3 g/L of phenol was evaluated with 16 S rRNA gene sequencing. In the presence of AC, methanogenesis inhibition was rapidly removed due to a decrease of phenol concentration. This abiotic effect related to the physico-chemical properties of AC led to increased final CH4 and CO2 productions by 29-31% compared to digesters incubated without support. Interestingly, although zeolite did not adsorb phenol, final CH4 and CO2 production reached comparable levels as with AC. Nevertheless, compared to digesters incubated without support, methanogenesis lag phase duration was less reduced in the presence of zeolites (5 ± 1 days) than in the presence of activated carbons (12 ± 2 days). Both types of support induced biotic effects. AC and zeolite both allowed the preservation of the major representative archaeal genus of the non-inhibited ecosystem, Methanosarcina. By contrast, they distinctly shaped bacterial populations. OTUs belonging to class W5 became dominant at the expense of OTUs assigned to orders Clostridiales, Bacteroidales and Anaerolinales in the presence of AC. Zeolite enhanced the implantation of OTUs assigned to bacterial phylum Cloacimonetes. This study highlighted that supports can induce biotic and abiotic effects within digesters inhibited with phenol, showing potentialities to enhance anaerobic digestion stability under disrupting conditions.
|
['Anaerobiosis', 'Archaea', 'Bacteria', 'Bioreactors', 'Culture Media', 'Methane', 'Methanosarcina', 'Microbial Consortia', 'Phenols', 'Waste Management', 'Zeolites']
| 29,684,699
|
[['G02.111.062', 'G03.078'], ['B02'], ['B03'], ['E07.115', 'J01.897.120.115'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['D02.455.326.146.571'], ['B02.200.765.550.550'], ['G06.591.750', 'G16.500.275.157.049.100.500.750', 'N06.230.124.049.100.500.500'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.900', 'N06.850.860.510.900'], ['D01.056.050.075.975', 'D01.578.725.025.975', 'D01.650.550.050.075.975', 'D01.837.725.700.760.050.950']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Moderate wine consumption and prevention of coronary heart disease].
|
Moderate alcohol consumption and in particular wine consumption, is associated with a significant reduction in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in epidemiological studies. Although no randomized placebo-controlled studies with wine intervention exist - and will probably never exist - the observed association can be interpreted as causal due to the existing high biological plausibility. There is more and more evidence that ethanol per se contributes to the most relevant preventive effects. When consumed in moderation the health benefits outweigh the health risks. Whether and to what extend the numerous plant compounds of wine (polyphenolic substances) can provide additional health benefits is still under investigation.
|
['Coronary Artery Disease', 'Ethanol', 'Evidence-Based Medicine', 'Humans', 'Wine']
| 24,343,181
|
[['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['D02.033.375'], ['H02.249.750', 'H02.403.200.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G07.203.100.100.900', 'G07.203.200.887', 'J02.200.100.900', 'J02.350.887']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hairpins create minute inversions in non-coding regions of chloroplast DNA.
|
Minute inversions (4 bp in length), associated with probable hairpin secondary structures, were inferred from comparative analysis of rpl16 intron sequences from the chloroplast genomes of Chusquea species and related bamboos (Poaceae). The inverted sequences, which appear to have arisen independently on several occasions, comprise entire loops of the putative hairpins. The process of inversion seems dependent upon the stem length of the hairpin and its estimated free energy of formation. A similar inversion was uncovered for other plants in a previously published data set for a different non-coding region of the chloroplast genome, suggesting that the inversional process may be a common feature of non-coding DNA evolution. Several implications for phylogenetic analysis are noted.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Chloroplasts', 'Chromosome Inversion', 'DNA, Plant', 'Exons', 'Genes, Plant', 'Introns', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Nucleic Acid Conformation', 'Phylogeny', 'Plants', 'Polymorphism, Genetic']
| 8,753,656
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.700.140'], ['C23.550.210.190', 'G05.365.590.175.190', 'G05.365.590.770.500', 'G05.558.805.500'], ['D13.444.308.435'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.393', 'G05.360.340.365.500'], ['G05.360.340.024.220.400', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.515'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.570.820.486', 'G05.360.580'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['B01.650'], ['G05.365.795']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The effect of the Asp175Asn and Glu180Gly TPM1 mutations on actin-myosin interaction during the ATPase cycle.
|
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), characterized by cardiac hypertrophy and contractile dysfunction, is a major cause of heart failure. HCM can result from mutations in the gene encoding cardiac á-tropomyosin (TM). To understand how the HCM-causing Asp175Asn and Glu180Gly mutations in á-tropomyosin affect on actin-myosin interaction during the ATPase cycle, we labeled the SH1 helix of myosin subfragment-1 and the actin subdomain-1 with the fluorescent probe N-iodoacetyl-N'-(5-sulfo-1-naphtylo)ethylenediamine. These proteins were incorporated into ghost muscle fibers and their conformational states were monitored during the ATPase cycle by measuring polarized fluorescence. For the first time, the effect of these á-tropomyosins on the mobility and rotation of subdomain-1 of actin and the SH1 helix of myosin subfragment-1 during the ATP hydrolysis cycle have been demonstrated directly by polarized fluorimetry. Wild-type á-tropomyosin increases the amplitude of the SH1 helix and subdomain-1 movements during the ATPase cycle, indicating the enhancement of the efficiency of the work of cross-bridges. Both mutant TMs increase the proportion of the strong-binding sub-states, with the effect of the Glu180Gly mutation being greater than that of Asp175Asn. It is suggested that the alteration in the concerted conformational changes of actomyosin is likely to provide the structural basis for the altered cardiac muscle contraction.
|
['Actins', 'Actomyosin', 'Adenosine Triphosphatases', 'Amino Acid Substitution', 'Animals', 'Asparagine', 'Aspartic Acid', 'Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Glutamic Acid', 'Glycine', 'Humans', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Mutation', 'Myosin Subfragments', 'Naphthalenesulfonates', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Protein Structure, Secondary', 'Rabbits', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Tropomyosin']
| 22,155,441
|
[['D05.750.078.730.250', 'D12.776.210.500.100', 'D12.776.220.525.255'], ['D12.776.210.500.154'], ['D08.811.277.040.025'], ['E05.393.420.601.035', 'G05.558.109'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.125.068.060', 'D12.125.095.165', 'D12.125.154.049'], ['D12.125.067.500', 'D12.125.119.170', 'D12.125.427.040'], ['C14.280.238.100', 'C14.280.484.048.750.070.160'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['D12.125.067.625.349', 'D12.125.119.409.349', 'D12.125.427.300'], ['D12.125.481'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G11.427.494'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D05.750.078.730.475.300', 'D12.776.210.500.600.300', 'D12.776.220.525.475.300'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.555', 'D02.886.645.600.080.050.650', 'D04.615.638.555'], ['D12.644.541'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['D05.750.078.730.800', 'D12.776.210.500.895', 'D12.776.220.525.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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