Title
stringlengths 1
395
⌀ | abstractText
stringlengths 57
5.98k
| meshMajor
stringlengths 14
1.03k
| pmid
int64 22
33.2M
| meshid
stringlengths 2
3.14k
| meshroot
stringlengths 2
421
| A
int64 0
1
| B
int64 0
1
| C
int64 0
1
| D
int64 0
1
| E
int64 0
1
| F
int64 0
1
| G
int64 0
1
| H
int64 0
1
| I
int64 0
1
| J
int64 0
1
| L
int64 0
1
| M
int64 0
1
| N
int64 0
1
| Z
int64 0
1
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cytolytic virus activation therapy for Epstein-Barr virus-driven tumors.
|
PURPOSE: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is causally linked to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. Because all tumor cells carry EBV, the virus itself is a potential target for therapy. In these tumor cells, EBV hides in a latent state and expresses only a few non-immunogenic proteins for EBV maintenance and contributes to tumor growth. We developed a cytolytic virus activation (CLVA) therapy for NPC treatment, reactivating latent EBV, triggering immune recognition, and inducing susceptibility to antiviral therapy.EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: CLVA therapy combines gemcitabine (GCb) and valproic acid (VPA) for virus activation and tumor clearance with (val)ganciclovir (GCV) as the antiviral drug to block virus replication and kill proliferating virus-infected cells. CLVA treatment was optimized and validated in NPC cell lines and subsequently tested in 3 Dutch patients with NPC that was refractory to conventional treatment.RESULTS: In NPC cell lines, both GCb and VPA can induce the lytic cycle of EBV. Their combination resulted in a strong synergistic effect. The addition of GCV resulted in higher cytotoxicity compared with chemotherapy alone, which was not observed in EBV-negative cells. CLVA therapy was analyzed in 3 patients with end-stage NPC. Patients developed increased levels of viral DNA in the circulation originating from apoptotic tumor cells, had disease stabilization, and experienced improved quality of life.CONCLUSIONS: Our results in the initial CLVA-treated patients indicate that the therapy had a biological effect and was well tolerated with only moderate transient toxicity. This new virus-specific therapy could open a generic approach for treatment of multiple EBV-associated malignancies.
|
['Antibodies, Viral', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Carcinoma', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'DNA, Viral', 'Deoxycytidine', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Herpesvirus 4, Human', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma', 'Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Valproic Acid', 'Viral Load', 'Virus Activation']
| 22,761,471
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['C04.557.470.200'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['D03.383.742.680.245.500', 'D13.570.230.329', 'D13.570.685.245.500'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B04.280.210.400.500.450', 'B04.280.382.400.500.400', 'B04.613.204.500.500.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.557.470.200.623', 'C04.588.443.665.710.650.500', 'C07.550.350.650.500', 'C07.550.745.650.500', 'C09.647.710.650.500', 'C09.775.350.650.500', 'C09.775.549.650.500'], ['C04.588.443.665.710.650', 'C07.550.350.650', 'C07.550.745.650', 'C09.647.710.650', 'C09.775.350.650', 'C09.775.549.650'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['D02.241.081.944.509.900', 'D10.251.400.895.593.900'], ['E01.370.225.875.950', 'E05.200.875.950', 'G06.920.850'], ['G06.920.925.940']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effectiveness of tipranavir versus darunavir as a salvage therapy in HIV-1 treatment-experienced patients.
|
INTRODUCTION: Although both tipranavir (TPV) and darunavir (DRV) represent important options for the management of patients with multi-protease inhibitor (PI)-resistant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), currently there are no studies comparing the effectiveness and safety of these two drugs in the Mexican population. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of TPV versus DRV as a salvage therapy in HIV-1 treatment-experienced patients.METHODOLOGY: This was a comparative, prospective, cohort study. Patients with HIV and triple-class drug resistance evaluated at the Hospital de Infectolog?a "La Raza", National Medical Center, were included. All patients had the protease and retrotranscriptase genotype; resistance mutation interpretation was done using the Stanford database.RESULTS: A total of 35 HIV-1 triple-class drug-resistant patients were analyzed. All of them received tenofovir and raltegravir, 22 received darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/r), and 13 received tipranavir/ritonavir (TPV/r) therapies. The median baseline RNA HIV-1 viral load and CD4+ cell count were 4.34 log (interquartile range [IQR], 4.15-4.72) and 267 cells/mm3 (IQR, 177-320) for the DRV/r group, and 4.14 log (IQR, 3.51-4.85) and 445 cells/mm3 (IQR, 252-558) for the TPV/r group. At week 24 of treatment, 91% of patients receiving DRV/r and 100% of patients receiving TPV/r had an RNA HIV-1 viral load < 50 copies/mL and a CD4+ cell count of 339 cells/mm3 (IQR, 252-447) and 556 cells/mm3 (IQR, 364-659), respectively.CONCLUSIONS: No significant difference was observed between DRV/r and TPV/r in terms of virological suppression in HIV-1 patients who were highly experienced in antiretroviral therapy.
|
['Adult', 'Anti-HIV Agents', 'Cohort Studies', 'Darunavir', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'HIV-1', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mexico', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Pyridines', 'Pyrones', 'Salvage Therapy', 'Sulfonamides', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Viral Load', 'Young Adult']
| 27,694,731
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.388.077.088'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['D02.065.884.438', 'D02.241.081.251.222', 'D02.886.590.700.400', 'D03.383.312.303'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.589'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D03.383.725'], ['D03.383.663.718'], ['E02.895'], ['D02.065.884', 'D02.886.590.700'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E01.370.225.875.950', 'E05.200.875.950', 'G06.920.850'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Teleoperator performance with varying force and visual feedback.
|
An experimental study was conducted to determine the effects of various forms of visual and force feedback on human performance for several "peg-in-hole"-type telemanipulation tasks. Each of six human test subjects used a master/slave manipulator during two experimental sessions. In one session the subjects performed the tasks with direct vision, where subtended visual angle, force feedback, task difficulty, and the interaction of subtended visual angle and force feedback made significant differences in task completion times. During the other session the tasks were performed using a video monitor for visual feedback, and video frame rate, force feedback, task difficulty, and the interaction of frame rate and force feedback were found to make significant differences in task times. An analysis between the direct and video viewing environments showed that apart from subtended visual angle and reduced frame rate, the video medium itself did not significantly affect task times relative to direct viewing.
|
['Artificial Intelligence', 'Computer Graphics', 'Computer Simulation', 'Feedback', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Reference Values', 'Task Performance and Analysis', 'User-Computer Interface', 'Video Recording']
| 8,026,837
|
[['G17.035.250', 'L01.224.050.375'], ['L01.224.108', 'L01.296.110'], ['L01.224.160'], ['L01.906.394.211'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.978.810'], ['F02.784.412.846', 'F02.784.692.746', 'F02.808.600'], ['L01.224.900.910'], ['L01.280.960']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Nuclear DNA sequence specific to Leishmania (Viannia) subgenus: a molecular marker for species identification.
|
As shown by RFLP analysis, there is a high variability in the beta-tubulin gene region of Leishmania sp. Such variability has been used in the identification of these parasites, establishing differences between subgenera of New World Leishmania. We have found a region of 500 bp (beta500) upstream of the coding region of the beta-tubulin gene that is present in all strains tested belonging to the L. (Viannia) subgenus. This region apparently is a repetitive sequence and we have shown that it is specific to the Leishmania (Viannia) subgenus. This sequence has no homology with the genomic DNA isolated from either the species belonging to the L. (Leishmania) subgenus or other Kinetoplastida, such as Trypanosoma cruzi, T. brucei, Leptomonas samueli, or Crithidia fasciciulata. The beta500 sequence showed sufficient variation to be used as a molecular marker in the identification of parasites. We established inter- and intrasubgenus differentiation and were able to discriminate at the species level in the Vianna subgenus. A PCR assay confirmed the specificity of the beta500 sequence.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Blotting, Southern', 'DNA, Intergenic', 'DNA, Protozoan', 'Genetic Markers', 'Leishmania', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Species Specificity', 'Tandem Repeat Sequences', 'Tubulin']
| 11,315,173
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.196.401.114', 'E05.301.300.087', 'E05.601.150'], ['D13.444.308.324', 'G05.360.340.024.220'], ['D13.444.308.442'], ['D23.101.387', 'G05.695.450'], ['B01.268.475.868.488'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G16.824'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.800', 'G05.360.080.708.800', 'G05.360.340.024.850'], ['D05.750.078.734.800', 'D12.776.220.600.800', 'D12.776.631.920']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Severity of Psychiatric Disorders and Dental Health Among Psychiatric Outpatients in Jerusalem, Israel.
|
The association between severity of psychiatric disorder and dental disease has not been adequately studied. The aim of the present study was to examine the level of dental caries morbidity and the association with Severe Mental Illness (SMI) and mild/moderate psychiatric disorders. The population sample included patients aged 30 to 50, treated at the Hadassah psychiatric outpatient clinic, after giving written informed consent. Exclusion criteria included eating disorders which are recognized as being associated with several dental pathologies. The term SMI, frequently used in the literature (1), refers to psychiatric patients suffering from a significant mental disorder and implies a greater burden of illness and dysfunction. The SMI group in this study included patients suffering from schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, resistant depression and chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The mild/ moderate illness group consisted of all other psychiatric disorders on Axis I or II according to DSM IV-TR (2).
|
['Humans', 'Israel', 'Mental Disorders', 'Oral Health', 'Outpatients', 'Severity of Illness Index']
| 26,431,416
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.500.375'], ['F03'], ['N01.400.535'], ['M01.643.630'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Bidentate palladium(II) chelation by the common aldoses.
|
The [Pd(II){(R,R)-chxn}(OH)(2)] reagent (chxn=1,2-diaminocyclohexane) is introduced as a metal probe for the detection of the bidentate chelating sites of a glycose. Two moles of hydroxide per mole palladium support double deprotonation of potentially chelating diol functions at a glycose's backbone. The individual chelating sites are detected using one- and two-dimensional NMR techniques. At equimolar amounts of palladium(II) and aldose, the metal-binding sites include mostly the hydroxy function at the anomeric carbon atom. Chelators are derived from both the pyranose and the furanose isomers. Most pyranose-based chelators form five-membered chelate rings by using their 1,2-diol function. Though 1,2-diolate bonding is also common to the furanoses, the formation of six-membered chelate rings by 1,3-bonding is more significant for them. Metal-excess conditions provoke mostly bis-bidentate 1,2;3,4-chelation but unusual isomers form also: thus d-xylose is dimetallated in its all-axial beta-pyranose form, and erythrose's dimetallation results in the formation of two isomers of a metal derivative of the open-chain hydrate. The spectroscopic results are supported by crystal-structure determinations on [Pd{(R,R)-chxn}(alpha-D-Xylp1,2H(-2)-kappaO(1,2))].H(2)O (Xyl=xylose), [Pd{(R,R)-chxn}(alpha-D-Ribp1,2H(-2)-kappaO(1,2))].2.25H(2)O (Rib=ribose), [Pd{(R,R)-chxn}(alpha-L-Thrf1,3H(-2)-kappaO(1,3))].2H(2)O (Thr=threose) and [Pd{(R,R)-chxn}(alpha-D-Eryf1,3H(-2)-kappaO(1,3))].3H(2)O (Ery=erythrose).
|
['Binding Sites', 'Chelating Agents', 'Ethylenediamines', 'Ligands', 'Monosaccharides', 'Organometallic Compounds', 'Palladium', 'Stereoisomerism', 'Water']
| 19,508,913
|
[['G02.111.570.120'], ['D27.505.519.914.500', 'D27.720.832.500'], ['D02.092.782.258.368'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['D09.947.875'], ['D02.691'], ['D01.268.556.680', 'D01.268.956.718', 'D01.552.544.680'], ['G02.607.445.682'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Psychosomatic subdecompensation.
|
The ego of a psychosomatic patient enters the relations with the external world in a very archaic way. In new traumatic situations such a personality structure possesses a very poor repertoire of adaptation mechanisms. Owing to the lack of intrapsychic elaboration of the trauma, the conflict is solved in an "interpersonal" way. The authors emphasize the importance of interpersonal conflict as an actual necessity of maintaining the connection with reality. Such a response in the development corresponds to the fixation or regression to the conflict with the object from the subphase of practising. Unpleasure, because of the early forbidding of pleasurable activities by the object, is experienced as actual, thus the object becomes a hindrance in itself. The increased hostility is being discharged through the interpersonal conflict with the object. The quality of the actual object (the therapist) affects the development of the conflict, i.e. it either allows a more successful reparation of the patient's personality structure or brings about a deeper regression.
|
['Adult', 'Asthma', 'Conflict, Psychological', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Psychophysiologic Disorders']
| 2,626,967
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['F01.658.209'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.888.592.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Psychoanalysis, psychoanalytic psychotherapy and supportive psychotherapy: contemporary controversies.
|
The author explores the controversies involving psychoanalytic psychotherapy from conceptual, clinical and educational perspectives. He proposes an integrated concept of psychoanalytic modalities of treatment, and their subdivision into standard psychoanalysis, psychoanalytic psychotherapy and psychoanalytically based supportive psychotherapy. Indications and contra-indications for these therapeutic approaches are outlined in the light of clinical experience and psychoanalytic research on these issues. It is proposed that psychoanalytic institutes teach psychoanalytic psychotherapy to candidates in psychoanalytic training. The author stresses that we now possess a broad spectrum of psychoanalytically based approaches to patients that significantly expand the therapeutic effectiveness of our profession, and thus can strengthen the social impact of psychoanalysis.
|
['Humans', 'Psychoanalysis', 'Psychoanalytic Therapy']
| 10,669,960
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.096.544.779'], ['F04.754.709']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparative elimination of dimethyl disulfide by maifanite and ceramic-packed biotrickling filters and their response to microbial community.
|
Unpleasant odor emissions have traditionally occupied an important role in environmental concern. In this paper, twin biotrickling filters (BTFs) packed with different packing materials, seeded with Bacillus cereus GIGAN2, were successfully constructed to purify gaseous dimethyl disulfide (DMDS). The maifanite-packed BTF showed superior biodegradation capability to the ceramic-packed counterpart in terms of removal efficiency and elimination capacity under similar conditions. At an empty bed residence time of 123 s, 100% of DMDS could be removed by maifanite-packed BTF when DMDS inlet concentration was below 0.41 g m(-3). To achieve same effect, the inlet concentration must be lower than 0.25 g m(-3) for ceramic-packed BTF. The bacterial communities analyses found higher relative abundance of GIGAN2 in the maifanite-packed BTF, suggesting that maifanite is more suitable for GIGAN2 immobilization and for subsequent DMDS removal. This work indicates maifanite is a promising packing material for real odorous gases purification.
|
['Bacillus', 'Biodegradation, Environmental', 'Bioreactors', 'Ceramics', 'Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis', 'Disulfides', 'Filtration', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Silicates', 'Time Factors']
| 26,702,514
|
[['B03.300.390.400.158.218', 'B03.353.500.100.218', 'B03.510.100.100.218', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218'], ['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['E07.115', 'J01.897.120.115'], ['J01.637.153'], ['E05.196.401.402.117', 'E05.301.300.319.201'], ['D01.248.497.158.874.390', 'D01.875.350.850.150', 'D02.886.520.150'], ['E05.196.454', 'G01.280', 'G02.263'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['D01.578.725', 'D01.837.725.700.760'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Autoradiographic analysis of [3H]dopamine and [3H]dopa uptake in the turtle olfactory bulb.
|
Uptake and retention of exogenous tritiated dopamine and L-dopa was observed within turtle olfactory bulb slices. In the more superficial layers, periglomerular and superficial tufted cells, as well as their processes, and intraglomerular dendrites were recognized as labeled. Within the deeper part of the bulb, some labeled cells between the tanycytes, as well as nerve fibers and terminals within the granule cell layer, are reported. The results confirm the presence of specific intrinsic dopaminergic cells within the reptilian olfactory bulb.
|
['Animals', 'Autoradiography', 'Dihydroxyphenylalanine', 'Dopamine', 'Olfactory Bulb', 'Tritium', 'Turtles']
| 6,408,497
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.750.132', 'E05.200.750.132', 'E05.799.256'], ['D02.092.311.200', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.200', 'D12.125.072.050.685.400', 'D12.125.072.050.875.130'], ['D02.092.211.215.406', 'D02.092.311.342', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.388'], ['D01.268.406.875', 'D01.362.340.875', 'D01.496.749.925'], ['B01.050.150.900.833.848']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Is There a Trade-off Between Quality and Profitability in United States Nursing Homes?
|
Nursing home residents across the United States rely on quality care and effective services. Nursing homes provide skilled nurses and nursing aides who can provide services 24 hours a day for individuals who could not perform these tasks for themselves. Not-for-profit (NFP) versus for-profit (FP) nursing homes have been examined for utilization and efficacy; however, it has been shown that NFP nursing homes generally offer higher quality care and generate greater profit margins compared with FP nursing homes. The purpose of this research was to determine if NFP nursing homes provide enhanced quality care and a larger profit margin compared with FP nursing homes. Benefits and barriers in regard to financial stability and quality of care exist for both FP and NFP homes. Based on the findings of this review, it is suggested that NFP nursing homes have achieved higher quality of care because of a more effective balance of business aspects, as well as prioritizing resident well-being, and care quality over profit maximization in NFP homes.
|
['Commerce', 'Health Facilities, Proprietary', 'Humans', 'Nursing Homes', 'Quality of Health Care', 'United States']
| 28,383,313
|
[['J01.219'], ['N02.278.215'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.825.610'], ['N04.761', 'N05.715'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Reduction of E-cadherin levels and deletion of the alpha-catenin gene in human prostate cancer cells.
|
The cadherins are a family of transmembrane glycoproteins responsible for calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion. This adhesion is mediated by a group of cytoplasmic proteins, the catenins, which act inside the cell to couple the cadherin molecule to the microfilament cytoskeleton. Dysfunction of E-cadherin-dependent cell-cell adhesion has been demonstrated to contribute to the acquisition of invasive potential of malignant adenocarcinoma cells. The potential role of alterations of catenin expression in tumor cell invasion is largely unexplored. We have previously found that E-cadherin is frequently down-regulated in clinical samples of prostate cancer (Umbas, R., Schalken, J. A., Aalders, T. W., Carter, B. S., Karthaus, H. F. M., Schaafsma, H. E., Debruyne, F. M. J., and Isaacs, W. B. Cancer Res., 52: 5104-5109, 1992). In this study, we further investigate this adhesion system in both benign and malignant human prostate cells in culture. Using antibodies to E-cadherin and its cytoplasmic accessory protein, alpha-catenin, we find that 5 of 6 human prostate cancer cell lines have reduced or absent levels of one or the other or both of these molecules when compared to normal prostatic epithelial cells. Only the LNCaP prostate cancer cell line is indistinguishable from normal prostate epithelium with respect to its E-cadherin-alpha-catenin complement. Interestingly, the PC-3 line is characterized by the presence of E-cadherin, but the complete lack of alpha-catenin found at both the RNA and protein level. This lack of alpha-catenin gene expression is explained by Southern analysis, which reveals a homozygous deletion of a large portion of the alpha-catenin gene in PC-3 cells. This loss of alpha-catenin is functionally manifested by negligible Ca(2+)-dependent aggregation of these cells in vitro, when compared to LNCaP cells. These results confirm that E-cadherin-dependent cell-cell adhesion is frequently aberrant in prostate cancer cells, and suggest that in a subset of prostate cancers, this adhesion may be inactivated by loss of alpha-catenin rather than E-cadherin itself. Furthermore, these results demonstrate that mutational inactivation of the alpha-catenin gene is one mechanism responsible for the loss of normal cell-cell adhesion in prostate cancer.
|
['Cadherins', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cytoskeletal Proteins', 'Gene Deletion', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Molecular Weight', 'Precipitin Tests', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'alpha Catenin']
| 8,339,265
|
[['D12.776.395.550.200.200', 'D12.776.543.550.200.200', 'D23.050.301.350.200'], ['G04.022'], ['D12.776.220'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.494'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645', 'E05.196.150.639.500', 'E05.200.812.735.645', 'E05.478.594.760.645', 'E05.478.605.492'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['A11.251.860'], ['D12.776.220.145.249']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Enhanced hydroxychavicol-induced cytotoxic effects in glutathione-depleted HepG2 cells.
|
Hydroxychavicol (HC) is the major safrole urinary metabolite in rats and humans. The cytotoxic potential of HC in metabolically competent cells has yet to be studied. HC alone was slightly toxic to HepG2 cells. However, the cytotoxicity increased significantly (P<0.05) when HepG2 cells were pretreated with buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), suggesting that endogenous glutathione participates in HC-induced cytotoxicity. Addition of catalase or N-acetylcysteine prevented the BSO plus HC-mediated cytotoxicity. HC also increased 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine formation and apoptosis in BSO-pretreated HepG2 cells and this increase could also be suppressed by catalase. These data suggest that BSO pretreatment enhanced HC-induced cytotoxic effects in HepG2 cells, which are related to oxidative DNA damage.
|
["8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine", 'Acetylcysteine', 'Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic', 'Apoptosis', 'Buthionine Sulfoximine', 'Catalase', 'Cell Survival', 'DNA', 'DNA Fragmentation', 'Deoxyguanosine', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Electrons', 'Eugenol', 'Free Radical Scavengers', 'Glutathione', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Mutagens', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Time Factors', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 10,814,876
|
[['D03.633.100.759.590.454.240.500', 'D13.570.230.360.500', 'D13.570.583.454.240.500'], ['D02.886.030.230.259', 'D12.125.166.230.259'], ['D27.505.519.186.144', 'D27.505.954.248.144', 'D27.888.569.042.030'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D02.886.030.676.620.125', 'D12.125.166.676.620.125'], ['D08.811.682.732.332'], ['G04.346'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G05.200.230'], ['D03.633.100.759.590.454.240', 'D13.570.230.360', 'D13.570.583.454.240'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G01.249.335', 'G01.358.500.750'], ['D02.241.223.200.054.500'], ['D27.505.519.217.500'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['D27.888.569.468'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['G01.910.857'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Orals in the bundle: a policy framework.
|
Oral prescription drugs for treatment of bone and mineral disorders (phosphate binders and calcimimetics) in patients undergoing dialysis (i.e., those with ESRD) will be integrated into the Medicare Part B ESRD bundled payment system in 2016. Payment will be denied under Medicare Part D. Integrating Part D drugs into Part B payment at this level of scale lacks any policy precedent. Providers and patients have serious concerns about the potential for inadequate funding, and the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) has been silent about the methods and other critical policy used to guide its decisions. We believe an adequate policy framework to support valuation of the targeted oral drugs depends on use of the most recent available Medicare Part D data, measurement of mean utilization for all target drugs based on a minimum of 6 months of complete data for prescriptions and dialysis treatments, use of appropriate price proxies to monetize drug volume to dialysis provider acquisition cost, adjustment to account for change in adherence due to change in patient out-of-pocket expenses, inclusion of valuation for dispensing and administrative cost, and a mechanism for adjusting payment to future changes in adherence.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Calcimimetic Agents', 'Chelating Agents', 'Drug Costs', 'Health Expenditures', 'Health Policy', 'Humans', 'Insurance, Health, Reimbursement', 'Insurance, Pharmaceutical Services', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Medicare Part B', 'Medicare Part D', 'Phosphates', 'Policy Making', 'Prescription Drugs', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome', 'United States']
| 23,599,409
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['D06.347.230', 'D27.505.696.399.450.230'], ['D27.505.519.914.500', 'D27.720.832.500'], ['N03.219.151.400.350', 'N05.300.375.300'], ['N03.219.151.450', 'N05.300.385'], ['I01.655.500.608.400', 'I01.880.604.825.608.400', 'N03.623.500.608.428'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.480', 'N03.219.521.710'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.575'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['N03.219.521.346.506.564.663.515', 'N03.219.521.576.343.840.754', 'N03.706.615.699'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.575.500', 'N03.219.521.576.343.840.938', 'N03.706.615.752'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374', 'D01.248.497.158.730', 'D01.695.625.675.650'], ['N03.706.742'], ['D26.670'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Point mutations in AAUAAA and the poly (A) addition site: effects on the accuracy and efficiency of cleavage and polyadenylation in vitro.
|
Three sequences in the vicinity of poly (A) addition sites are conserved among vertebrate mRNAs. We analyze the effects of single base changes in each position of AAUAAA and in the nucleotide to which poly (A) is added on 3' end formation in vitro. All 18 possible single base changes of the AAUAAA sequence greatly reduce addition of poly (A) to RNAs that end at the poly (A) addition site, and prevent cleavage of RNAs that extend beyond. The magnitude of reduction varies greatly with the position changed and the base introduced. For any given mutation, cleavage and polyadenylation are reduced to similar extents, strongly suggesting that the same factor interacts with AAUAAA in both reactions. Mutations at and near the conserved adenosine to which poly (A) is added disturb the accuracy, but not the efficiency, of 3' end formation. For example, point mutations at the conserved adenosine shift the 3' end of the most abundant 5' half-molecule downstream by a single nucleotide. The mechanism by which these mutations might exert their effects on the precision of 3' end formation are discussed.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'Poly A', 'RNA, Messenger', 'RNA, Viral', 'Simian virus 40']
| 2,170,946
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D13.695.578.550.500'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['B04.280.210.700.615.700', 'B04.613.204.670.615.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A novel group of multi-GAP-domain proteins.
|
The Rho GTPase-activating proteins (RhoGAPs) play an essential role in regulating various cellular processes. Rat tGAP1 is the first reported protein that has multiple GAP domains. It is exclusively expressed in male germ cells. However, tGAP1 does not possess GAP activities in vitro. No tGAP1 homology has been identified in other species. In this study, we searched the genomic databases and identified many genes whose protein products possess 2-4 GAP domains in rat, mouse and dog. These genes all showed sequence similarity to tGAP1. The rat tGAP gene loci all locate on chromosome 2 and are all expressed in testes in RT-PCR analysis. The mouse tGAP gene loci also clustered on chromosome 3 but RT-PCR analysis showed most are pseudogene loci. Multiple sequence alignment showed that many conserved residues of the "arginine finger" motif within the GAP domains of predicted tGAP proteins have mutated, suggesting that tGAP proteins do not possess GAP activity. We also elucidated the evolutionary relations among the rat tGAP genes. Based on the phylogenetic analysis data, we proposed that tGAP genes and Arhgap20 genes have a common ancestor.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Databases, Genetic', 'Dogs', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'GTPase-Activating Proteins', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phylogeny', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Rats', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid']
| 18,363,199
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.325', 'L01.470.750.750.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['D12.644.360.325.150', 'D12.776.476.325.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[The effect of modification of lactate and malate dehydrogenases on their stability and activity].
|
The inactivation of lactate and malate dehydrogenases (LDH and MDH) modified by progesterone in the water-dimethylformamide (DMF) medium is described by the first-order equation up to large conversion degrees. The MDH modification is accompanied by the increase of its stability by 7-14%, while LDH modification leads to the enzyme stability decrease by 67%. The enzymes catalytic activities are changed simultaneously. The main factors of the stability and activity changes are the DMF influence upon the quaternary structure of the proteins at the modification and a hydrofobization of the external and internal protein sites by progesterone.
|
['Animals', 'Catalysis', 'Dimethylformamide', 'Enzyme Stability', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Kinetics', 'L-Lactate Dehydrogenase', 'Malate Dehydrogenase', 'Mitochondria, Heart', 'Progesterone', 'Protein Conformation', 'Solutions', 'Swine', 'Temperature']
| 2,346,762
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.130'], ['D02.065.463.387', 'D02.241.081.420.500.387'], ['E05.916.360', 'G02.111.700.500'], ['E05.481'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D08.811.682.047.551.400', 'D08.811.682.047.820.493'], ['D08.811.682.047.820.496'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564.627.603', 'A11.284.835.626.627.603'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D26.776'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Generalization of features in the assembly neural networks.
|
The purpose of the paper is an experimental study of the formation of class descriptions, taking place during learning, in assembly neural networks. The assembly neural network is artificially partitioned into several sub-networks according to the number of classes that the network has to recognize. The features extracted from input data are represented in neural column structures of the sub-networks. Hebbian neural assemblies are formed in the column structure of the sub-networks by weight adaptation. A specific class description is formed in each sub-network of the assembly neural network due to intersections between the neural assemblies. The process of formation of class descriptions in the sub-networks is interpreted as feature generalization. A set of special experiments is performed to study this process, on a task of character recognition using the MNIST database.
|
['Algorithms', 'Artificial Intelligence', 'Neural Networks, Computer', 'Neurons']
| 15,034,946
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G17.035.250', 'L01.224.050.375'], ['G17.485', 'L01.224.050.375.605'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Psychometrics of the Eschelle questionnaire to measure self efficacy in work capacity].
|
INTRODUCTION: Self-efficacy with regard to work capacity is one of the determinants of return to work among workers with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). To our knowledge, the self-administered questionnaire named Echelle de mesure du sentiment d'efficacit? personnelle is the only work-specific scale available in French; however its psychometric properties have not been extensively studied.PURPOSE: To estimate the internal consistency and factorial structure of the scale.METHODS: The questionnaire has been administered to 36 workers in prolonged work disability due to a musculoskeletal injury during the chronic pain phase.RESULTS: Internal consistency is satisfactory (Cronbach's alpha: 0.925). Factor analysis reveals a one-dimensional structure that explains 65.5% of the variance.PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The results support the use of the scale for clinical practice and research. However, the evaluation of self-efficacy concerning work capacity still requires triangulation with other observations to increase conclusion accuracy.
|
['Adult', 'Disabled Persons', 'Factor Analysis, Statistical', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Musculoskeletal Diseases', 'Psychometrics', 'Self Efficacy', 'Sick Leave', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Work Capacity Evaluation']
| 22,338,298
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.150'], ['E05.318.740.400', 'N05.715.360.750.350', 'N06.850.520.830.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05'], ['F04.711.780'], ['F01.752.747.792.700'], ['N01.824.417.700.662', 'N04.452.677.800.662'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['E01.370.400.925']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Density-dependent changes in the amount of sulfated glycosaminoglycans associated with mouse 3T3 cells.
|
The relative amount of sulfated glycosaminoglycans associated with the cell layer of parent and SV40-transformed Swiss mouse 3T3 cells was determined from the incorporation of labeled sulfate (35SO4) into macromolecular material. In cultures of SV40-transformed cells, the glycosaminoglycan content per cell was constant over a wide range of densities. In cultures of parent 3T3 cells, the glycosaminoglycan content per cell increased directly with density, the highest values being found in contact-inhibited cultures. At high cell densities, the glycosaminoglycan content of 3T3 cells was several-fold higher than that for SV40-transformed cells. Most of the density-dependent increase in glycosaminoglycans of 3T3 cells was accounted for by chondroitin sulfate (dermatan sulfate) which was over 6-fold higher in confluent cultures than in low density cultures.
|
['Cell Count', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Transformation, Neoplastic', 'Chondroitin', 'Chondroitin Sulfates', 'Glycosaminoglycans', 'Heparitin Sulfate']
| 134,041
|
[['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['A11.251.210'], ['C04.697.098.500', 'C23.550.727.098.500'], ['D09.698.373.200'], ['D09.698.373.200.300'], ['D09.698.373'], ['D09.698.373.425']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mass balance study of [?⁴C]eribulin in patients with advanced solid tumors.
|
This mass balance study investigated the metabolism and excretion of eribulin, a nontaxane microtubule dynamics inhibitor with a novel mechanism of action, in patients with advanced solid tumors. A single approximately 2 mg (approximately 80 ìCi) dose of [?⁴C]eribulin acetate was administered as a 2 to 5 min bolus injection to six patients on day 1. Blood, urine, and fecal samples were collected at specified time points on days 1 to 8 or until sample radioactivity was ?1% of the administered dose. Mean plasma eribulin exposure (627 ng · h/ml) was comparable with that of total radioactivity (568 ng Eq · h/ml). Time-matched concentration ratios of eribulin to total radioactivity approached unity in blood and plasma, indicating that unchanged parent compound constituted almost all of the eribulin-derived radioactivity. Only minor metabolites were detected in plasma samples up to 60 min postdose, pooled across patients, each metabolite representing ?0.6% of eribulin. Elimination half-lives for eribulin (45.6 h) and total radioactivity (42.3 h) were comparable. Eribulin-derived radioactivity excreted in feces was 81.5%, and that of unchanged eribulin was 61.9%. Renal clearance (0.301 l/h) was a minor component of total eribulin clearance (3.93 l/h). Eribulin-derived radioactivity excreted in urine (8.9%) was comparable with that of unchanged eribulin (8.1%), indicating minimal excretion of metabolite(s) in urine. Total recovery of the radioactive dose was 90.4% in urine and feces. Overall, no major metabolites of eribulin were detected in plasma. Eribulin is eliminated primarily unchanged in feces, whereas urine constitutes a minor route of elimination.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Biotransformation', 'Carbon Radioisotopes', 'Feces', 'Female', 'Furans', 'Half-Life', 'Humans', 'Ketones', 'Male', 'Metabolic Clearance Rate', 'Microtubules', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms', 'Tubulin Modulators']
| 22,041,109
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['G03.171', 'G03.787.225', 'G07.690.725.225'], ['D01.268.150.075.328', 'D01.496.123.328', 'D01.496.749.154'], ['A12.459'], ['D03.383.312'], ['G01.910.405'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.522'], ['E01.370.225.843', 'E05.200.843', 'G03.490', 'G07.690.595', 'G07.690.725.513'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750.602'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04'], ['D27.505.519.593.249.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Fluorescent analogs of UDP-glucose and their use in characterizing substrate binding by toxin A from Clostridium difficile.
|
Uridine-5'-diphospho-1-alpha-d-glucose (UDP-Glc) is a common substrate used by glucosyltransferases, including certain bacterial toxins such as Toxins A and B from Clostridium difficile. Fluorescent analogs of UDP-Glc have been prepared for use in our studies of the clostridial toxins. These compounds are related to the methylanthraniloyl-ATP compounds commonly used to probe the chemistry of ATP-dependent enzymes. The reaction of excess methylisatoic anhydride with UDP-Glc in aqueous solution yields primarily the 2' and 3' isomers of methylanthraniloyl-UDP-Glc (MUG). As the 2' and 3' isomers readily interconvert, this isomeric mixture was copurified by HPLC away from the other isomeric products, and was characterized by a combination of NMR, fluorescence and mass spectrometric methods. TcdA binds MUG competitively with respect to UDP-Glc with an affinity of 15 +/- 2 microm in the absence of Mg2+. There is currently no evidence that the fluorescent substrate analog is turned over by the toxin in either glucosyltransferase or glucosylhydrolase reactions. Using a competition assay, the affinity of UDP-Glc was determined to be 45+/-10 microm in the absence of Mg2+. The binding of UDP-Glc and Mg2+ are highly coupled with Mg2+ affinities in the range of 90-600 microm, depending on the experimental conditions. These results imply that one of the significant roles of the metal ion might be to stabilize the enzyme-substrate complex prior to initiation of the transferase chemistry.
|
['Bacterial Toxins', 'Binding, Competitive', 'Catalytic Domain', 'Clostridioides difficile', 'Enterotoxins', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Isomerism', 'Magnesium', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Substrate Specificity', 'Uridine Diphosphate Glucose', 'ortho-Aminobenzoates']
| 12,135,481
|
[['D23.946.123'], ['E05.196.080', 'G02.111.084', 'G02.111.570.120.309'], ['G02.111.570.120.704', 'G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.188'], ['B03.353.625.657.500'], ['D23.946.330'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['G02.111.570.685', 'G02.607.445'], ['D01.268.552.437', 'D01.268.557.500', 'D01.552.547.500'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['G02.111.835'], ['D03.383.742.686.850.600.677.350', 'D09.408.620.569.727.350', 'D13.695.740.850.600.677.350', 'D13.695.827.708.727.350', 'D13.695.827.919.600.677.350'], ['D02.241.223.100.050.400', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.020.906']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Performers' responses to stressors encountered in sport organisations.
|
We investigated athletes' responses to organisational stressors. Ten sport performers (five males and five females) were interviewed with regard to the organisational-related demands they had encountered and their responses to these stressors. The main emotional responses that were revealed were anger, anxiety, disappointment, distress, happiness, hope, relief, reproach and resentment. The main attitudinal responses were beliefs, motivation and satisfaction. The main behavioural responses were categorised as verbal and physical. The data indicate that performers generally respond to organisational stressors with a wide range of emotions, attitudes and behaviours. The findings are discussed in relation to the extant literature and in terms of their implications for applied practice and future research. Consultants should employ reactive strategies alongside proactive approaches to ensure that performers are psychologically prepared to manage and cope with any demands that are not eliminated. Future research should focus on performers' cognitive appraisals of the organisational stressors they encounter.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adult', 'Attitude', 'Behavior', 'Culture', 'Emotions', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Male', 'Motivation', 'Organizations', 'Personal Satisfaction', 'Sports', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Verbal Behavior', 'Young Adult']
| 22,236,205
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100'], ['F01.145'], ['I01.076.201.450', 'I01.880.853.100'], ['F01.470'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['N03.540'], ['F01.145.677'], ['I03.450.642.845'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['F01.145.209.908'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Phase-difference on seal whisker surface induces hairpin vortices in the wake to suppress force oscillation.
|
Seals are able to use their uniquely shaped whiskers to track hydrodynamic trails generated 30 s ago and detect hydrodynamic velocities as low as 245 [Formula: see text]m s-1. The high sensibility has long thought to be related to the wavy shape of the whiskers. This work revisited the hydrodynamics of a seal whisker model in a uniform flow, and discovered a new mechanism of seal whiskers in reducing self-induced noises, which is different from the long thought-of effect of the wavy shape. It was reported that the major and minor axes of the elliptical cross-sections of seal whisker are out of phase by approximately 180 degrees. Three-dimensional numerical simulations of laminar flow (Reynolds number range: 150-500) around seal-whisker-like cylinders were performed to examine the effect of the phase-difference on hydrodynamic forces and wake structures. It was found that the phase-difference induced hairpin vortices in the wake over a wide range of geometric and flow parameters (wavelength, wavy amplitude and Reynolds number), therefore substantially reducing lift-oscillations and self-induced noises. The formation mechanism of the hairpin vortices was analyzed and is discussed in details. The results provide valuable insights into an innovative vibration reduction and hydrodynamic sensing mechanism.
|
['Animals', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Biomimetics', 'Hydrodynamics', 'Models, Biological', 'Phoca', 'Vibrissae']
| 31,342,935
|
[['B01.050'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['H01.158.550.100', 'J01.897.120.100'], ['G01.342'], ['E05.599.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.700.600'], ['A13.950']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Phenotyping of epidermal dendritic cells allows the differentiation between extrinsic and intrinsic forms of atopic dermatitis.
|
UNLABELLED: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a clinically characteristic, chronic inflammatory skin disease of unknown origin. IgE-mediated uptake and antigen focusing of environmental allergens by dendritic cells (DCs) is assumed to be a central immunopathogenetic event. A so-called intrinsic type of AD (IAD) has been delineated from the more common extrinsic AD (EAD) by normal serum IgE levels, negative RAST tests and negative immediate-type skin reactions towards environmental allergens. The recently characterized human autoantigen Hom S 1 has been proposed to play a part in the pathogenesis of IAD.OBJECTIVES: To compare clinical and laboratory data between patients with IAD and EAD, and to investigate potential differences in the inflammatory micromilieu of the epidermal compartment in IAD and EAD lesions.METHODS: Epidermal DC phenotyping, a recently validated technique based on the three-colour flow cytometric analysis of Langerhans cells and the so-called inflammatory dendritic epidermal cells from epidermal single-cell suspensions, was performed on samples from 69 patients with AD (seven with IAD and 62 with EAD) and 94 controls.RESULTS: Patients with EAD tended to have an earlier onset of disease but similar disease duration and family history of atopic diseases. Quantitative analysis of CD36 expression on DCs as a marker of inflammation, as well as the percentage of inflammatory dendritic epidermal cells in the CD1a+ epidermal DC pool, indicated a comparable disease activity in IAD and EAD. EAD was characterized by a significantly higher FcepsilonRI expression on the CD1a+ epidermal DCs than IAD. Using the FcepsilonRI/FcgammaRII expression ratio as a disease marker for AD, values for IAD fell below the diagnostic cut-off level of 1.5 for this ratio.CONCLUSIONS: While IAD is clinically similar to EAD, the inflammatory microenvironment in this condition seems different from classical EAD and can be distinguished by phenotyping of epidermal DCs.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age of Onset', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'CD36 Antigens', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Dendritic Cells', 'Dermatitis, Atopic', 'Female', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Humans', 'Immunophenotyping', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Phenotype', 'Receptors, IgG']
| 11,122,020
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075.100', 'N06.850.490.250.100'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D12.776.157.530.300.500', 'D12.776.395.550.625.136', 'D12.776.543.550.625.136', 'D12.776.543.585.300.500', 'D12.776.543.750.011', 'D12.776.543.750.705.675.136', 'D12.776.543.750.705.940.625.249', 'D12.776.543.750.710.450.750.625.249'], ['G04.152'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['A11.066.270', 'A11.436.270', 'A15.382.066.270', 'A15.382.670.260'], ['C16.320.850.210', 'C17.800.174.193', 'C17.800.815.193', 'C17.800.827.210', 'C20.543.480.343'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.447', 'E05.200.812.447', 'E05.478.594.450'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.695'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.871.300']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Metallothionein expression correlates with metastatic and proliferative potential in squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus.
|
The goal of this study is to clarify whether the expression of metallothionein (MT) could affect the prognosis and the metastatic potential of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oesophagus. In paraffin-embedded specimens resected from 57 patients, MT mRNA and protein expressions were detected by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry respectively. The expression of MT was evaluated in respect of clinicopathologic variables and patients' survival. MT mRNA expression was significantly associated with the proportion of lymph node metastasis (71% in MT mRNA-positive tumours vs 42% in MT mRNA-negative tumours; P = 0.0343) and that of distant metastasis (29% in MT mRNA-positive tumours vs 5% in MT mRNA-negative tumours; P = 0.0452). In respect of MT protein expression, the frequency of distant metastasis was more common in MT-positive tumours than in MT-negative tumours (30% in MT-positive tumours vs 8% in MT-negative tumours; P = 0.0446). The survival rate of the patients with MT protein-negative tumours was significantly better than that of the patients with MT protein-positive tumours (P = 0.0340). There was a positive correlation between the expression of MT protein and that of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (P = 0.0018). Therefore, we conclude that MT expression, both at the mRNA and protein levels, may be a potential marker predicting metastatic and proliferative activities of oesophageal SCC.
|
['Aged', 'Base Sequence', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Cell Division', 'Esophageal Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'In Situ Hybridization', 'Male', 'Metallothionein', 'Middle Aged', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen', 'RNA, Messenger']
| 10,574,261
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['C04.588.274.476.205', 'C04.588.443.353', 'C06.301.371.205', 'C06.405.117.430', 'C06.405.249.205'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325', 'E05.393.661.475'], ['D12.776.556.670'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.660.740', 'D23.050.290.750', 'D23.101.140.600'], ['D13.444.735.544']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Laboratory testing of whole cell pertussis vaccine: a WHO proficiency study using the Kendrick test.
|
Whole cell pertussis vaccine (WCV), commonly in combination with vaccines for diphtheria and tetanus, has an important role in reducing morbidity and mortality among children in most parts of the world. Testing to assure the efficacy of such vaccines is essential. We have, therefore, carried out, under the Global Training Network (GTN) of the Department of Vaccines and Biologicals at the World Health Organization (WHO), a proficiency study involving 13 laboratories in 12 countries that routinely test WCV. Two vaccine samples were tested in this study and represented samples which were expected clearly either to pass (sample B, a full strength vaccine) or to fail (sample A, 1/8 strength of vaccine B). Data from this study showed good performance by the majority of participants. Most assays were statistically valid and were carried out to the level of precision achieved for these assays in previous studies. This study also indicated that, relative to the assay precision, the in-house reference (IHR) preparations are in general accurately calibrated. Statistically valid assays of the sub-potent vaccine, A, showed it to fail in all except one laboratory. Statistically valid assays of the potent vaccine, B, showed it to pass in all laboratories. Nevertheless, the between laboratory variability of estimates for vaccine B, and for comparisons of the two vaccine samples suggested that there are some differences in results in different laboratories. The introduction of a common working standard may assist in reducing inter-laboratory variation. This study has shown clearly satisfactory performance by most laboratories. However, a serious problem was detected in one laboratory where the sub-potent vaccine A could have been passed and was not distinguished from the eight-fold more potent vaccine B. There were also indications of possible problems in several other laboratories, where IHR preparation may not be accurately calibrated or where vaccine samples A and B may not be completely distinguished. Although this study provides reassurance that most laboratories perform well, it demonstrates the essential role of ongoing proficiency studies in high-lighting problems.
|
['Animals', 'Humans', 'Lethal Dose 50', 'Mice', 'Pertussis Vaccine', 'World Health Organization']
| 11,672,896
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.940.402', 'G07.225.500', 'G07.690.773.875.750', 'G07.690.936.500.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D20.215.894.135.535'], ['N03.540.514.718.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Over-the-counter decorative contact lenses: Cosmetic or Medical Devices? A Case Series.
|
PURPOSE: To illustrate the implications of the unauthorized sale and unmonitored wearing of decorative cosmetic contact lenses resulting in ocular complications and to determine the prevalence of the use of cosmetic contact lenses obtained from unlicensed providers by adolescents.METHODS: Observational case report, structured interview, and survey in a retrospective, observational, clinical practice setting. Reported sources of contact lenses were categorized as provider and nonprovider, and associations within the data were reviewed by using a Pearson correlation and chi-square test.RESULTS: Twelve patients (eight female and four male) were seen urgently for acute eye pain and redness after wearing plano decorative contact lenses. None of the patients had previously worn a contact lens. None of the lenses were dispensed by eye care professionals. Four patients developed blinding infections requiring hospital admission. Causative organisms included staphylococci, Pseudomonas, and acanthamoeba. One patient required a penetrating keratoplasty. One hundred fifty-nine patients were surveyed. Thirty-seven (23%) used decorative contact lenses. Lenses were obtained from an unlicensed provider 51% of the time. Education about lens care and handling was significantly associated with acquiring lenses from licensed providers (R = 0.74, P < 0.0001).CONCLUSIONS: Colored noncorrective contact lenses are being dispensed without a prescription or fitting from unlicensed vendors. Patients who acquire lenses from unauthorized providers are significantly less likely to be instructed on appropriate lens use and care. Consequently, uninformed lens wearers are experiencing acute vision-threatening infections and inflammation.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Blindness', 'Contact Lenses', 'Corneal Diseases', 'Cosmetics', 'Device Approval', 'Equipment Safety', 'Eye Infections, Bacterial', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Prosthesis Fitting', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 16,163,010
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C10.597.751.941.162', 'C11.966.075', 'C23.888.592.763.941.162'], ['E07.632.500.276'], ['C11.204'], ['D27.720.269', 'J01.516.213'], ['E05.337.275', 'N06.850.210.275'], ['E05.330'], ['C01.150.252.289', 'C01.375.354', 'C11.294.354'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.794'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Long-term Safety and Efficacy of Reslizumab in Patients with Eosinophilic Asthma.
|
BACKGROUND: In placebo-controlled trials, reslizumab, an anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibody, significantly reduced asthma exacerbations and improved lung function and asthma control in patients with eosinophilic asthma.OBJECTIVE: This open-label extension study evaluated safety and efficacy of reslizumab for up to 24 months.METHODS: After participation in 1 of 3 placebo-controlled, phase III trials in moderate-to-severe eosinophilic asthma, patients received reslizumab 3.0 mg/kg intravenously every 4 weeks for up to 24 months. Adverse events (AEs), lung function, and patient-reported asthma control were evaluated.RESULTS: In the open-label extension, 1,051 patients received ?1 reslizumab dose (480 reslizumab-na?ve, 571 reslizumab-experienced); median (range) exposure was 319 (36-840) and 343 (36-863) days in reslizumab-na?ve and reslizumab-experienced patients, respectively. Continuous exposure, including during the placebo-controlled studies, was ?12 months for 740 patients and ?24 months for 249 patients. The most common AEs were worsening of asthma and nasopharyngitis. Serious AEs affected 78 of 1,051 (7%) patients; 18 of 1,051 (2%) discontinued treatment because of AEs; and there were 3 deaths (all non-treatment-related). Fifteen adult patients (15 of 1,023; 1%) had malignancies of diverse tissue types. Reslizumab-experienced patients maintained improved lung function and asthma control; reslizumab-na?ve patients had improvements in these measures throughout open-label treatment. Blood eosinophil counts appeared to be returning to baseline after reslizumab discontinuation.CONCLUSIONS: In patients with moderate-to-severe eosinophilic asthma, intravenous reslizumab 3.0 mg/kg displays favorable long-term safety and sustained long-term efficacy. Initial improvements in lung function and asthma control were maintained for up to 2 years. These findings substantially add to our understanding of the long-term safety and efficacy of anti-IL-5 strategies.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Anti-Asthmatic Agents', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized', 'Asthma', 'Child', 'Eosinophils', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Immunotherapy', 'Interleukin-5', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nasopharyngitis', 'Neoplasms', 'Respiratory Function Tests', 'Survival Analysis', 'Young Adult']
| 29,122,156
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.796.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['M01.060.406'], ['A11.118.637.415.345', 'A11.627.340.345', 'A15.145.229.637.415.345', 'A15.382.490.315.251'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.465.425'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.202', 'D12.776.467.374.465.186', 'D23.529.374.465.202'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.748.561.500', 'C07.550.350.700', 'C07.550.781.500', 'C08.730.561.500', 'C09.775.350.700', 'C09.775.649.500'], ['C04'], ['E01.370.386.700'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
NYVAC immunization induces polyfunctional HIV-specific T-cell responses in chronically-infected, ART-treated HIV patients.
|
We report the results of the Theravac-01 phase I trial, which was conducted to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a poxvirus-based vector, NYVAC, expressing Gag, Pol, Nef, and Env from an HIV clade B isolate. NYVAC-B vaccine was injected intra-muscularly into ten HIV-infected patients successfully treated with antiretroviral therapy, twice on day 0 and again at week 4. Safety and immunogenicity were monitored for 48 weeks. HIV-specific T-cell responses following immunization were quantitatively analyzed using an IFN-ã ELISPOT assay and qualitatively characterized for their functional profile (including multiple cytokines secretion plus cytotoxic and proliferation capacity) by polychromatic flow cytometry. Our results indicate that the NYVAC-B vaccine is safe and highly immunogenic, as indicated by increased HIV-specific T-cell responses in virtually all vaccinees. Interestingly, both an expansion of preexisting T-cell responses, and the appearance of newly detected HIV-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell responses were observed. Furthermore, immunization mostly induced an increase in Gag-specific T-cell responses. In conclusion, NYVAC-B immunization induces broad, vigorous, and polyfunctional HIV-specific T-cell responses, suggesting that poxvirus-based vaccine regimens may be instrumental in the therapeutic HIV vaccine field.
|
['Adult', 'Anti-HIV Agents', 'CD4 Lymphocyte Count', 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Cell Growth Processes', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Flow Cytometry', 'HIV', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'RNA, Viral', 'Switzerland', 'Viral Vaccines']
| 22,930,439
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.388.077.088'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595.500.150', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595.500.150', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595.500.150', 'E05.200.625.107.595.500.150', 'E05.242.195.107.595.500.150', 'G04.140.107.595.500.150', 'G09.188.105.595.500.150'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220'], ['G04.161', 'G07.345.249.410'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['Z01.542.883'], ['D20.215.894.899']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
RT-qPCR for the diagnosis of dermatophilosis in horses.
|
BACKGROUND: Dermatophilus congolensis causes a crusting dermatitis that affects horses. Diagnosis requires the identification of the organism with cytological evaluation of crust samples. This method can lack sensitivity in chronic cases.HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: To develop a probe-based real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) test to assist with the diagnosis of dermatophilosis in horses.ANIMALS: Twenty six privately owned horses and seven horses from a research colony were used.METHODS: Crust samples, collected from 14 horses with suspected dermatophilosis and 12 horses with crusting skin disease not characteristic of dermatophilosis, were evaluated by cytological evaluation and RT-qPCR; the latter was also performed on hair samples collected from seven healthy horses.RESULTS: Cytological evaluation revealed organisms consistent with Dermatophilus congolensis from nine horses with suspected dermatophilosis, with only a few organisms seen from five samples. Cytological evaluation of all other crusts was negative for Dermatophilus. Other bacterial organisms were detected on cytological evaluation from 15 samples. RT-qPCR for Dermatophilus was positive from 11 crusts, whereas all other samples were negative. Two samples were cytologically negative but RT-qPCR positive for Dermatophilus. No samples were cytologically positive but RT-qPCR negative for Dermatophilus.CONCLUSION: Results of this study show that RT-qPCR may be a more sensitive and easier method than cytological evaluation for the diagnosis of dermatophilosis in horses.
|
['Actinobacteria', 'Animals', 'Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections', 'Horse Diseases', 'Horses', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Skin Diseases, Bacterial']
| 27,485,381
|
[['B03.510.024', 'B03.510.460.400.400.049'], ['B01.050'], ['C01.150.252.410'], ['C22.488'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['C01.150.252.819', 'C01.800.720', 'C17.800.838.765']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Standardized evaluation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in breast cancer: results of the ring studies of the international immuno-oncology biomarker working group.
|
Multiple independent studies have shown that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) are prognostic in breast cancer with potential relevance for response to immune-checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Although many groups are currently evaluating TIL, there is no standardized system for diagnostic applications. This study reports the results of two ring studies investigating TIL conducted by the International Working Group on Immuno-oncology Biomarkers. The study aim was to determine the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for evaluation of TIL by different pathologists. A total of 120 slides were evaluated by a large group of pathologists with a web-based system in ring study 1 and a more advanced software-system in ring study 2 that included an integrated feedback with standardized reference images. The predefined aim for successful ring studies 1 and 2 was an ICC above 0.7 (lower limit of 95% confidence interval (CI)). In ring study 1 the prespecified endpoint was not reached (ICC: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.62-0.78). On the basis of an analysis of sources of variation, we developed a more advanced digital image evaluation system for ring study 2, which improved the ICC to 0.89 (95% CI: 0.85-0.92). The Fleiss' kappa value for <60 vs ?60% TIL improved from 0.45 (ring study 1) to 0.63 in RS2 and the mean concordance improved from 88 to 92%. This large international standardization project shows that reproducible evaluation of TIL is feasible in breast cancer. This opens the way for standardized reporting of tumor immunological parameters in clinical studies and diagnostic practice. The software-guided image evaluation approach used in ring study 2 may be of value as a tool for evaluation of TIL in clinical trials and diagnostic practice. The experience gained from this approach might be applicable to the standardization of other diagnostic parameters in histopathology.
|
['Breast Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating', 'Pathology, Clinical']
| 27,363,491
|
[['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.650', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.650', 'A15.382.490.555.567.650'], ['H02.403.650.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Score to predict hypertension in working male population].
|
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Hypertension is the most prevalent risk factor in the community. The aim of this study was to describe the risk factors for the progression of blood pressure (BP) from correct values.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Prospective and observational study with 7 years follow-up. BP>140/90 mmHg was considered hypertension. A multivariate model was performed to assess risk factors for BP progression and a predictive score.RESULTS: The 2,236 males, median age 42 years, had differential characteristics according to their baseline BP category. At the end of the 7-years follow-up 31.9% of baseline-normotensive subjects had an increase of their BP to the range of hypertension. Baseline-normotensive subjects who experienced a progression of BP had higher baseline BP and less favourable lipid profile. A risk score was performed using the following variables: age, hypertension familiar history, overweight and obesity, glucose>100mg/dl, triglycerides>150 mg/dl and uric acid. Total score ranged between -2 and 24; the risk of BP progression beyond normal thresholds increased linearly as the score increased.CONCLUSIONS: Progression of BP from normotension to higher BP categories into the next 7 years in young males and the risk can be estimated by a simple score.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Pressure', 'Body Mass Index', 'Comorbidity', 'Disease Progression', 'Dyslipidemias', 'Employment', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Hyperglycemia', 'Hypertension', 'Hypertriglyceridemia', 'Hyperuricemia', 'Lipoproteins, LDL', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Biological', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Obesity', 'Physical Examination', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Spain', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 23,199,830
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['C18.452.584.500'], ['N01.824.245'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.952'], ['C14.907.489'], ['C18.452.584.500.500.851'], ['C23.550.449'], ['D10.532.515', 'D12.776.521.550'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['E01.370.600'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['Z01.542.846'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Alteration of vertical dimension and its effect on head and neck posture.
|
Previous research has shown a relationship between head posture and rest position of the mandible. Should this relationship really be an interrelationship? Does a change in mandibular posture alone also alter head and neck posture? The purpose of this article is to demonstrate how a change in mandibular posture, specifically an increase in vertical dimension, contributes to craniovertical extension leading to suboccipital compression and upsetting the postural balance between the head and neck. A model of physiologic equilibrium is presented for the craniomandibular articulation.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Head', 'Humans', 'Neck', 'Neck Muscles', 'Physical Therapy Modalities', 'Posture', 'Splints', 'Vertical Dimension']
| 1,802,428
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['A01.456'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.598'], ['A02.633.567.650'], ['E02.779', 'E02.831.535'], ['G11.427.695'], ['E07.858.442.660.430.750', 'E07.858.690.725.430.750'], ['E06.276.459.733']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mapping resistance to powdery mildew in barley reveals a large-effect nonhost resistance QTL.
|
KEY MESSAGE: Resistance factors against non-adapted powdery mildews were mapped in barley. Some QTLs seem effective only to non-adapted mildews, while others also play a role in defense against the adapted form. The durability and effectiveness of nonhost resistance suggests promising practical applications for crop breeding, relying upon elucidation of key aspects of this type of resistance. We investigated which genetic factors determine the nonhost status of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to powdery mildews (Blumeria graminis). We set out to verify whether genes involved in nonhost resistance have a wide effectiveness spectrum, and whether nonhost resistance genes confer resistance to the barley adapted powdery mildew. Two barley lines, SusBgtSC and SusBgtDC, with some susceptibility to the wheat powdery mildew B. graminis f.sp. tritici (Bgt) were crossed with cv Vada to generate two mapping populations. Each population was assessed for level of infection against four B. graminis ff.spp, and QTL mapping analyses were performed. Our results demonstrate polygenic inheritance for nonhost resistance, with some QTLs effective only to non-adapted mildews, while others play a role against adapted and non-adapted forms. Histology analyses of nonhost interaction show that most penetration attempts are stopped in association with papillae, and also suggest independent layers of defence at haustorium establishment and conidiophore formation. Nonhost resistance of barley to powdery mildew relies mostly on non-hypersensitive mechanisms. A large-effect nonhost resistance QTL mapped to a 1.4 cM interval is suitable for map-based cloning.
|
['Ascomycota', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Disease Resistance', 'Hordeum', 'Phenotype', 'Plant Diseases', 'Quantitative Trait Loci']
| 29,372,282
|
[['B01.300.107'], ['E05.393.183'], ['C23.550.291.671', 'G12.450.564.250', 'G12.450.800.250', 'G15.630.250'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.481'], ['G05.695'], ['G15.610'], ['G05.360.340.024.380.937']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Removal of well-fixed flanged humeral prostheses may require humeral expansion.
|
BACKGROUND: A flanged humeral stem design can be advantageous in achieving an interlock between the prosthetic and bone interface leading to a long-term stable loading pattern. The purpose of this study is to report a short case series involving revision of a flanged humeral prosthesis. Our hypothesis was that a greater percentage of the flanged prostheses undergoing revision would require some form of bone expansion to achieve stem removal compared to the nonflanged.METHODS AND RESULTS: In the period from October 2004 to July 2008, 43 patients underwent revision of a humeral prosthetic stem by a single surgeon. Of these, 6 prostheses were of a triflanged design. Of these six, five (83%) could not be removed with longitudinal force and required some expansion of the bone in order to achieve stem extraction. Of the nonflanged humeral stems, 3/37 (8%) required bone expansion to achieve extraction. Analysis of the 2 groups showed a statistical difference in the need for humeral expansion (P < .000001).CONCLUSIONS: Surgeons preparing to revise a flanged humeral stem should include expansion of the humeral shaft, by episiotomy or windowing, as part of their preoperative planning and informed consent of the patient.
|
['Aged', 'Arthroplasty, Replacement', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Cohort Studies', 'Device Removal', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Humerus', 'Joint Prosthesis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteotomy', 'Pain Measurement', 'Pain, Postoperative', 'Probability', 'Prosthesis Design', 'Prosthesis Failure', 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures', 'Recovery of Function', 'Reoperation', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Shoulder Joint', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 19,318,282
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.555.110.110', 'E04.650.110', 'E04.680.101.110'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E04.199'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.087.090.400'], ['E07.695.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.555.580'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['C23.550.767.700', 'C23.888.592.612.832'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['E05.320.550', 'E07.695.680'], ['C23.550.767.865', 'E05.325.771'], ['E01.370.600.700', 'G11.427.760'], ['E04.680'], ['G16.757'], ['E04.690'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['A02.835.583.748'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cloning, sequencing, and recombinant expression of the porcine inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase: a novel member of the transferrin family.
|
The plasma from many vertebrates contains a component that specifically binds and inhibits carbonic anhydrase II with nanomolar affinity. Amino-terminal sequencing of pICA, the previously identified 79-kDa carbonic anhydrase inhibitor isolated from porcine plasma [Roush, E. D., & Fierke, C. A. (1992) Biochemistry 31, 12536-12542], and sequencing of four proteolytic fragments of pICA revealed that each of the partial sequences has 40-80% sequence identity with members of the transferrin protein family. We describe here the isolation of a full-length cDNA clone of pICA from a lambda gt11 porcine liver cDNA library. Heterologous expression of this cDNA clone in a Pichia pastoris expression system led to the secretion into the medium of 5 mg/L of a 79-kDa protein that specifically reacts with anti-pICA antibodies and binds tightly to a carbonic anhydrase-Sepharose affinity column. Pairwise sequential alignment of pICA with various transferrins reveals an amino acid identity as high as 64% and predicts that 16 transferrin disulfide bonds are conserved. However, despite these structural similarities, the properties of pICA are distinct from the properties of transferrin. pICA exhibits a significantly decreased affinity for iron that can be attributed to the loss of one of the eight amino acids that coordinate iron in the transferrins as well as both of the arginine residues responsible for anion binding. In addition, the antigenic determinants of pICA and the transferrins are not identical. These data imply that pICA, along with saxiphilin, is a member of a diverse superfamily of transferrin-like proteins with functions other than iron binding.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Blood Proteins', 'Blotting, Western', 'Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors', 'Carbonic Anhydrases', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Gene Expression', 'Immunoblotting', 'Iron-Binding Proteins', 'Metals', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Pichia', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Analysis', 'Swine', 'Transferrin', 'Transferrin-Binding Proteins']
| 9,100,029
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D12.776.124'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['D27.505.519.389.200'], ['D08.811.520.241.300.150'], ['D12.776.157'], ['E05.393.220'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['G05.297'], ['E05.478.566.320', 'E05.601.470.320'], ['D12.776.157.427', 'D12.776.556.579'], ['D01.552'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.644.541'], ['B01.300.107.795.700', 'B01.300.930.600'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E05.393.751'], ['E05.393.760'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['D12.776.124.050.800', 'D12.776.124.790.223.839', 'D12.776.157.427.750.500', 'D12.776.377.715.182.839', 'D12.776.556.579.750.500'], ['D12.776.157.905']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Type 2 diabetes among persons with schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders in a general population survey.
|
Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders are associated with increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. However, previous studies are mainly based on clinical samples where the comorbidity may be stronger. We investigated in a general population survey the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in persons with psychotic disorders and in users of antipsychotic medication. The study was based on a nationally representative two-stage cluster sample of 8,028 persons aged 30 or over from Finland. Diagnostic assessment of psychotic disorders combined SCID-I interview and case note data. Prevalences of type 2 diabetes, adjusting for age and sex, were estimated by calculating predicted marginals. The prevalence estimate of type 2 diabetes was 22.0% among subjects with schizophrenia, 13.4% among subjects with other nonaffective psychosis and 6.1% in subjects without psychotic disorders. Only two subjects (3.4%) with affective psychosis had type 2 diabetes. Users of all types of antipsychotic medication had increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes. Our results suggest that type 2 diabetes is a major health concern among persons with schizophrenia and other nonaffective psychotic disorders and also in users of antipsychotic medication, but persons with affective psychosis in the general population may not have increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes.
|
['Age Distribution', 'Antipsychotic Agents', 'Blood Glucose', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Comorbidity', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Female', 'Finland', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Insulin', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mood Disorders', 'Prevalence', 'Psychotic Disorders', 'Schizophrenia']
| 17,990,051
|
[['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.331'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['Z01.542.816.186'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F03.600'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['F03.700.675'], ['F03.700.750']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Introduction to epistemology in nursing sciences].
|
The development of nursing research is one of the stages in the process for the professionalization of nurses. An epistemological reflection which took place gradually became necessary. Today, three traditions derived from the positivist, interpretative and critical approaches orientate reflections on nursing sciences, not without some controversy and debate.
|
['Humans', 'Knowledge', 'Models, Nursing', "Nurse's Role", 'Nursing Research', 'Philosophy, Nursing', 'Postmodernism', 'Professional Autonomy']
| 21,449,197
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['K01.468'], ['E05.599.645'], ['F01.829.316.616.625.450', 'N05.300.100.337'], ['H01.770.644.145.390', 'H02.478.395', 'N04.590.233.508.613'], ['K01.752.712'], ['K01.752.720'], ['N04.452.758.752']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A dose-up of ursodeoxycholic acid decreases transaminases in hepatitis C patients.
|
AIM: To examine whether a dose-up to 900 mg of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) decreases transaminases in hepatitis C patients.METHODS: From January to December 2007, patients with chronic hepatitis C or compensated liver cirrhosis with hepatitis C virus (HCV) (43-80 years old) showing positive serum HCV-RNA who had already taken 600 mg/d of UDCA were recruited into this study. Blood parameters were examined at 4, 8 and 24 wk after increasing the dose of oral UDCA from 600 to 900 mg/d.RESULTS: Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) levels were significantly decreased following the administration of 900 mg/d as compared to 600 mg/d. The decrease in ALT from immediately before the dose-up of UDCA to 8 wk after the dose-up was 14.3 IU/L, while that for AST was 10.5 IU/L and for GGT was 9.8 IU/L. Platelet count tended to increase after the dose-up of UDCA, although it did not show a statistically significant level (P = 0.05). Minor adverse events were observed in 3 cases, although no drop-outs from the study occurred.CONCLUSION: Oral administration of 900 mg/d of UDCA was more effective than 600 mg/d for reducing ALT, AST, and GGT levels in patients with HCV-related chronic liver disease.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Alanine Transaminase', 'Animals', 'Aspartate Aminotransferases', 'Bilirubin', 'Blood Platelets', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Hepacivirus', 'Hepatitis C', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Serum Albumin', 'Ursodeoxycholic Acid', 'gamma-Glutamyltransferase']
| 19,522,030
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D08.811.913.477.700.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D08.811.913.477.700.225'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.249.184', 'D03.633.400.909.249.184', 'D04.345.783.249.184', 'D23.767.193.184'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B04.450.380', 'B04.820.578.344.475'], ['C01.221.250.750', 'C01.925.440.440', 'C01.925.782.350.350', 'C06.552.380.705.440'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.034.841', 'D12.776.124.727'], ['D04.210.500.105.225.272.962', 'D04.210.500.221.430.342.925'], ['D08.811.913.050.200.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Insecticidal activity of selected actinomycete strains against the Egyptian cotton leaf worm Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).
|
Actinomycete strains isolated from soil samples of Saudi Arabia and Egypt were used in the present study to investigate the biological activity of their secondary metabolites on the cotton leaf worm Spodoptera littoralis. Secondary metabolites of 41 strains were given to the newly molted last instar larvae through the food plant (Castor leaves). Many actinomycete strains (58% of all) caused larval mortality ranging from 10-60%. Treatments with strains no. 7, 36, 41 resulted in significant prolongation of larval life (10.0 +/- 1.26, 11.5 +/- 0.7 and 10.6 +/- 1.5 days Vs 9.2 +/- 0.4 of controls). Pupation was affected by the actinomycete treatments (60.1% of all). Success of pupation ranged only from 20 to 80%, depending on the efficiency of the tested secondary metabolites. In contrast, the pupal duration had not been significantly affected but 19.5% of actinomycete strains halted the pupation, because different percentages of pupal deformities were counted (100% pupal deformation after treatment with secondary metabolites of actinomycete strains no. 36). In addition, considerable lethal effect of some actinomycetes were observed on pupae (60, 42.9, 40, 50 and 66.6% pupal mortalities caused by secondary metabolites of strains: 2, 9, 16, 18 and 26, respectively). Secondary metabolites of 34.1% of all actinomycete strains blocked the adult emergence. Depending on the available data, Streptomyces and Streptoverticillum were found the most potent actinomycetes affecting the biological and physiological criteria of the present insect species.
|
['Actinomycetales', 'Animals', 'Antibiosis', 'Colony Count, Microbial', 'Gossypium', 'Life Cycle Stages', 'Pest Control, Biological', 'Soil Microbiology', 'Spodoptera']
| 12,425,071
|
[['B03.510.024.049'], ['B01.050'], ['G06.550.050', 'G16.062'], ['E01.370.225.875.220', 'E05.200.875.220'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.821.500.244'], ['B05.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500'], ['N06.850.780.200.650.650'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.555', 'N06.850.425.300'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.937.650.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Behavior patterns associated with institutional deprivation: a study of children adopted from Romania.
|
This study examined the prevalence and persistence of behaviors associated with institutional rearing in a sample of 144 children from Romania adopted by UK families. Patterns of rocking, self-injury, unusual sensory interests, and eating problems were assessed in children aged between a few weeks and 43 months who were adopted from institutional care. Forty-seven percent of the institutionally reared children rocked at the time of UK entry and 24% engaged in self-injurious behavior. By age 6 years, the percentages were 18% and 13%, respectively. Eleven percent of the children were displaying unusual sensory interests at the time of arrival, and at 6 years 13% of the children did so. Fifteen percent of the children were still experiencing difficulties with chewing and swallowing solid food at age 6 years. The primary factor affecting the prevalence and persistence of the behaviors was the length of time the children had spent in institutional deprivation.
|
['Adoption', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Institutionalization', 'Male', 'Psychosocial Deprivation', 'Romania', 'Self-Injurious Behavior']
| 12,394,517
|
[['I01.880.853.150.140'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E02.760.415', 'N02.421.585.415'], ['F01.829.628', 'I01.880.853.100.806'], ['Z01.542.248.764'], ['F01.145.126.980']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The effect of sodium bicarbonate on cytokine secretion in CKD patients with metabolic acidosis.
|
The incidence of acidosis increases with the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Correction of acidosis by sodium bicarbonate may slow CKD deterioration. Inflammation, which is common in CKD, may be related to acidosis. Whether the slower rate of GFR decline following the correction of acidosis is related to changes in inflammatory markers is unknown. The current study examined whether correcting CKD-acidosis affected inflammatory cytokines secretion. Thirteen patients with CKD 4-5 and acidosis were tested for cytokines secretion from peripheral-blood mononuclear cells at baseline and after one month of oral sodium bicarbonate. Following treatment with sodium bicarbonate there was no change in weight, blood pressure, serum creatinine, albumin, sodium, calcium, phosphate, PTH, hemoglobin and CRP. Serum urea decreased (134±10-116±8 mg/dl, P=0.002), potassium decreased (5.1±0.4-4.8±0.1 mequiv./l, P=0.064), pH increased (7.29±0.01-7.33±0.01, P=0.008), and serum bicarbonate increased (18.6±0.4 mequiv./l to 21.3±0.3 mequiv./l, P=0.001). The secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 decreased (2.75±0.25 ng/ml to 2.29±0.21 ng/ml, P=0.041). There was no significant change in the secretion of the other pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1â, IL-2, IL-6, TNFá, IFNã, IL-1ra. Thus, correcting acidosis in CKD with bicarbonate decreases IL-10 secretion. Its significance needs to be further investigated.
|
['Acidosis', 'Cytokines', 'Demography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Leukocytes, Mononuclear', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Renal Insufficiency, Chronic', 'Sodium Bicarbonate']
| 25,960,222
|
[['C18.452.076.176'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['I01.240', 'N01.224', 'N06.850.505.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555', 'A15.145.229.637.555', 'A15.382.490.555'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C12.777.419.780.750', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750'], ['D01.200.275.150.100.800', 'D01.857.625']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Self-stimulation in an adult misdiagnosed with focal epilepsy.
|
Self-stimulation is a normal part of development and a common behaviour in children before puberty, but very rare in adults. The stereotyped semiology can sometimes raise the suspicion of epilepsy. We present a 30-year-old patient who came to our epilepsy monitoring unit for differential diagnosis of nocturnal episodes, interpreted elsewhere as hypermotor status epilepticus associated with a known diagnosis of focal epilepsy and septo-optic dysplasia. The recorded events during video-EEG were consistent with psychogenic self-stimulating behaviour, which improved with psychotherapy. Disturbed sexual development with hypopituitarism and poor eyesight, androgen replacement therapy, alongside a protective environment provided by her parents, were the identified predisposing factors for this uncommon entity in an adult. [Published with video sequence].
|
['Adult', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Diagnostic Errors', 'Electroencephalography', 'Epilepsies, Partial', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Monitoring, Physiologic', 'Seizures', 'Status Epilepticus']
| 31,638,581
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.171'], ['E01.354', 'N02.421.450.280'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['C10.228.140.490.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.520'], ['C10.597.742', 'C23.888.592.742'], ['C10.597.742.785', 'C23.888.592.742.785']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The impact of emerging safety and effectiveness evidence on the use of physician-administered drugs: the case of bevacizumab for breast cancer.
|
BACKGROUND: Spending on physician-administered drugs is high and uses not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are frequent. Although these drugs may be targets of future policy efforts to rationalize use, little is known regarding how physicians respond to emerging safety and effectiveness evidence.STUDY OBJECTIVE: We analyzed changes in bevacizumab (Avastin) use for breast cancer in response to its market launch (February 2008), 2 FDA meetings reviewing data suggesting that its risks exceed its benefits (July 2010 and June 2011), and the FDA's withdrawal of approval (November 2011).DATA: Data from a population-based audit of oncologists' prescribing (IntrinsiQ Intellidose) were used to measure the monthly number of breast cancer patients treated with bevacizumab (January 2008-April 2012).METHODS: The number of bevacizumab patients following each regulatory action was estimated using negative binomial regression, compared with patients before the first FDA meeting, adjusting for cancer stage, treatment line, patient age, and outpatient office affiliation.RESULTS: Bevacizumab use for breast cancer increased significantly after FDA approval. After all regulatory actions, there was a 65% decline (95% CI, 64%-65%) in use compared with the period before the first meeting. The largest decline was in the 6-month period after the first meeting (37%; 95% CI, 28%-47%). The rate of decline did not differ by patient or cancer characteristics and differed minimally by office affiliation.DISCUSSION: Bevacizumab use for breast cancer declined dramatically after FDA meetings and regulatory actions, a period without changes in guideline recommendations or insurance coverage. Physicians seem to be responsive to emerging evidence concerning physician-administered drug safety and effectiveness.
|
['Aged', 'Angiogenesis Inhibitors', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized', 'Bevacizumab', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Evidence-Based Medicine', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Medical Order Entry Systems', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Safety', "Practice Patterns, Physicians'", 'Regression Analysis', 'Treatment Outcome', 'United States']
| 23,604,014
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.696.377.077.099', 'D27.505.696.377.450.100', 'D27.505.954.248.025'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060.375', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060.438', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200.438'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['H02.249.750', 'H02.403.200.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.695.600', 'N04.452.442.452.452.500', 'N04.452.515.360.500', 'N04.452.859.564.650.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N06.850.135.060.075.399'], ['N04.590.374.577', 'N05.300.625'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
B-cell precursors specific to sheep erythrocytes. Estimation of frequency in a specific helper assay.
|
A sensitive, specific, and reproducible in vitro helper assay is described which is suited to limiting dilution analysis of murine B cells. 1 in about 3,000 syngeneic splenic B cells can be induced to form plaque-forming cells (PFC) to sheep erythrocytes in this system. The induction of PFC is absolutely dependent on antigen and specific helper T cells.
|
['Animals', 'Antibody Formation', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic', 'Erythrocytes', 'Female', 'Lymphocyte Cooperation', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Sheep', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 309,925
|
[['B01.050'], ['G12.450.050.370.250'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251'], ['G12.300'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['G04.502', 'G12.575'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Azithromycin versus placebo in acute infectious rhinitis with clinical symptoms but without radiological signs of maxillary sinusitis.
|
In this double-blind, parallel-group, multicenter study, 169 patients with symptoms of maxillary sinusitis but without radiographically confirmed empyema (pus) were randomly assigned to receive either 500 mg azithromycin once daily for 3 days (87 patients) or placebo daily for 3 days (82 patients). Nasal secretion, maxillary tenderness and pain, nasal obstruction, general malaise, and hyposmia were assessed at the start of the study and on days 4, 11, and 25 of treatment. After 11 days 58% of the patients in the azithromycin group were cured versus 31% in the placebo group; after 25 days the cure rate was 79% versus 67%, respectively. When both cure and improvement were considered, the corresponding figures after day 25 were 90% and 88%, respectively. Adverse events, predominantly gastrointestinal, occurred in 24 (27%) of the azithromycin-treated patients and in 15 (18%) of those treated with placebo, but the difference was not statistically significant. There was a difference in efficacy in favor of azithromycin in the treatment of rhinitis with symptoms of maxillary sinusitis but without radiological signs of empyema (pus). Antibiotics should only be used to alleviate symptoms in patients with moderate to severe symptoms, as the results after 25 days for both improvement and cure are equal. In the treatment of acute rhinitis with symptoms and signs of maxillary sinusitis but without empyema, treatment with azithromycin seems to result in a better cure rate after 10-12 days when compared with placebo.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Azithromycin', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Maxillary Sinusitis', 'Middle Aged', 'Rhinitis', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 9,721,958
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D02.540.576.500.992.050'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.748.749.578', 'C08.460.692.752.578', 'C08.730.749.578', 'C09.603.692.752.578'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.748.674', 'C08.460.799', 'C08.730.674', 'C09.603.799'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Evaluation of the BD GeneOhm assay using the rotor-gene 6000 platform for rapid detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from pooled screening swabs.
|
As health services move toward universal methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) screening for hospital admissions, the most cost-effective approach is yet to be defined. In this study, one of the largest to date, we evaluated the performance of the BD GeneOhm MRSA assay on the Rotor-Gene 6000 thermal cycler, using samples taken directly from pooled MRSA screens. Results were compared with the same assay performed on the Smart-Cycler II platform and overnight broth culture. Samples yielding discrepant results were subjected to detailed analysis with an in-house PCR and patient note review. A total of 1,428 pooled MRSA screens were tested. Sensitivities and specificities of 85.3% and 95.8% for the Rotor-Gene and 81% and 95.7% for the Smart-Cycler were obtained, compared with broth enrichment. The sensitivity of the BD GeneOhm assay was increased to 100% when the results of in-house PCR and patient note review were taken into account. This study demonstrates that the Rotor-Gene 6000 thermal cycler is a reliable platform for use with the BD GeneOhm assay. It also proves that commercial PCR can be performed direct on pooled samples in selective broth, without the need for overnight incubation.
|
['Bacteriological Techniques', 'Carrier State', 'Humans', 'Mass Screening', 'Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Specimen Handling', 'Staphylococcal Infections']
| 20,962,146
|
[['E01.370.225.875.150', 'E05.200.875.150'], ['N06.850.520.169'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100.500', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100.500', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100.500', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100.500'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.225.998', 'E05.200.998'], ['C01.150.252.410.868']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Computer analysis of band variability in DNA fingerprints].
|
Through the example of the distribution of PCR products DNA matrices of mouse tail tissue, a method of comparative analysis of DNA fingerprints is described. The PCR products were obtained using a 20-mer random primer flanking the Atp1b2 locus on mouse chromosome 11. A software program was designed that permits the simplification of comparison of DNA fragments variability or polymorphism detected on electrophoregrams from different individuals.
|
['Animals', 'DNA', 'DNA Fingerprinting', 'Electronic Data Processing', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Software']
| 10,822,822
|
[['B01.050'], ['D13.444.308'], ['E05.318.740.225.500.500', 'E05.393.290', 'I01.198.780.937.375', 'N04.452.910.099.750'], ['L01.224.085'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.224.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Use of a potentiometric vital dye to determine the effect of the herbicide bromoxynil octanoate on mitochondrial bioenenergetics in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
|
BACKGROUND: The aims of the present study were to validate a vital mitochondrial potentiometric staining method in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and to utilise this method to examine the effect of the herbicide bromoxynil octanoate on mitochondrial potential in this species. A range of stains was investigated, including Rhodamine 123, DASPMI, Mitotracker Green, Mitotracker Orange and JC-1.RESULTS: Rhodamine 123 (R123) had the highest utility of several candidate stains. Incubation with both 5 and 10 µM carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone caused significant fluorescence collapse [Dunn's post test (40.00, P < 0.01) and (45.49, P < 0.01) respectively], demonstrating that the R123 fluorescence reported mitochondrial potential. The effect of the herbicide bromoxynil octanoate was examined. Exposure to 0.1 mM of bromoxynil resulted in a significant increased mitochondrial fluorescence compared with the baseline (Mann–Whitney U = 222, P < 0.002), while concentrations of 1 mM and greater resulted in significant, almost complete loss of mitochondrial potential [mean fluorescence ratio = 1.193–1.289 (where a ratio of 1 represents total potential loss), Mann–Whitney U = 0.0, P < 0.001 (1 mM), 0.0, P < 0.0001 (2 mM), 0.0, P < 0.0001 (5 mM)]. EC50 of the collapse in mitochondrial potential owing to bromoxynil incubation occurred at 0.72 mM, and the mean t50 of bromoxynil octanoate action was 93 s.CONCLUSIONS: R123 is a sensitive potentiometric dye in C. reinhardtii that may find further use in investigations of both mitochondrial bioenergetics in plants and environmental toxicology.
|
['Chlamydomonas reinhardtii', 'Energy Metabolism', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Herbicides', 'Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial', 'Mitochondria', 'Nitriles', 'Potentiometry']
| 22,500,292
|
[['B01.650.940.150.385.650'], ['G03.295'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['D27.720.031.700.366', 'D27.888.723.366'], ['G03.295.770.500', 'G04.580.550', 'G07.265.675.550'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['D02.626'], ['E05.196.922.750', 'E05.301.710']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Therapeutic effect of pirfenidone in the sugen/hypoxia rat model of severe pulmonary hypertension.
|
Heightened pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PA-SMC) proliferation and migration and dynamic remodeling of the extracellular matrix are hallmark pathogenic features of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Pirfenidone (PFD) is an orally bioavailable pyridone derivative with antifibrotic, antiinflammatory, and antioxidative properties currently used in the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. We therefore evaluated the efficacy of curative treatments with PFD in the sugen/hypoxia (SuHx) rat model of severe pulmonary hypertension. Treatment with PFD (30 mg/kg per day by mouth 3 times a day for 3 wk) started 5 wk after sugen injection partially reversed established pulmonary hypertension, reducing total pulmonary vascular resistance and remodeling. Consistent with these observations, we found that continued PFD treatment decreases PA-SMC proliferation and levels of extracellular matrix deposition in lungs and right ventricles in SuHx rats. Importantly, PFD attenuated the proproliferative and promigratory potentials of cultured PA-SMCs from patients with idiopathic PAH and their capacity to produce extracellular matrix components. Finally, we found that PFD dose dependently enhanced forkhead box O1 protein levels and its nuclear translocation in cultured idiopathic PAH PA-SMCs and in PFD-treated SuHx rats. PFD appears to be a potential therapy for PAH worthy of investigation and evaluation for clinical use in conjunction with current PAH treatments.-Poble, P.-B., Phan, C., Quatremare, T., Bordenave, J., Thuillet, R., Cumont, A., Huertas, A., Tu, L., Dorfm?ller, P., Humbert, M., Ghigna, M.-R., Savale, L., Guignabert, C. Therapeutic effect of pirfenidone in the sugen/hypoxia rat model of severe pulmonary hypertension.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Extracellular Matrix', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Pulmonary', 'Hypoxia', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular', 'Pulmonary Artery', 'Pyridones', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Vascular Remodeling']
| 30,481,487
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A11.251'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['A11.284.295.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381.423', 'C14.907.489.556'], ['C23.888.852.079'], ['A04.411'], ['A02.633.570.491', 'A07.015.733.500', 'A10.690.467.491'], ['A07.015.114.715'], ['D03.383.725.791'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['C23.300.977', 'C23.550.918', 'G09.330.930']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Psychosocial correlates of depression symptoms during the third trimester of pregnancy.
|
OBJECTIVE: To explore the psychosocial correlates of depression symptoms during the third trimester of pregnancy.DESIGN: Cross-sectional design guided by Selye's theory of stress.SETTING: Prenatal care provider offices or mutually agreeable locations in the Pacific Northwest.PARTICIPANTS: One hundred thirty-nine women in their third trimester of pregnancy. The majority was Caucasian and married. Fifty-two of the participants (38%) had scores greater than or equal to 16 on the Centers for Epidemiologic Studies Depressed Mood Scale.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The Centers for Epidemiologic Studies Depressed Mood Scale.RESULTS: Stepwise linear regression indicated that 46% of the variance of third-trimester depressive symptoms was due to brief and intermittent negative mood states that occurred primarily during the first trimester, a lack of marital satisfaction and social support, and gravida. Lifetime abuse did not contribute significantly to third-trimester depression symptoms.CONCLUSIONS: One third of the sample reported subclinical levels of depression symptoms. Prenatal care providers may want to consider these minor and brief mood changes as predictive of depression symptoms later in pregnancy, particularly when experienced during the first trimester.
|
['Adult', 'Causality', 'Comorbidity', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Depression', 'Female', 'Health Behavior', 'Humans', 'Internal-External Control', 'Nursing Evaluation Research', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications', 'Pregnancy Trimester, Third', 'Prenatal Care', 'Self Concept', 'Social Adjustment', 'Social Support', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Stress, Psychological']
| 17,489,929
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.200', 'N06.850.490.625'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['F01.145.488'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.379'], ['H01.770.644.145.390.432', 'H02.478.395.432', 'N04.590.233.508.613.432'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703'], ['G08.686.707.520'], ['E02.760.786', 'N02.421.143.620.704', 'N02.421.585.786'], ['F01.752.747.792'], ['F01.145.813.621'], ['I01.880.853.500.600'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Discordance of mercury sphygmomanometer and ambulatory blood pressure measurements for the detection of untreated hypertension in a population study.
|
To evaluate the extent to which ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) measurements could redefine the prevalence of untreated hypertension in the general population, we studied a randomly selected subgroup of the National Heart Foundation of Australia's Risk Factor Prevalence Study 1989. Subjects taking blood pressure (BP) lowering medications were excluded, leaving 66 patients with 24h ABP recordings for analysis. Mean awake ABPs were generally lower than survey BPs and diminished with reduced activity (away from work and during sleep). The correlation of survey BP and daytime ABP (10.00-20.00 h) classification of untreated hypertension was moderate (Cohen's correlation coefficient 0.49-0.56). Untreated hypertension was identified in 20 subjects by the mercury sphygmomanometer technique (BP > or = 150/90 mmHg). Six (30%) of those subjects had a mean ABP < 135/85 mmHg suggesting 'normotension' on ambulatory criteria. Conversely, 19 subjects had a mean ABP of > or = 135/85 mmHg, five (26%) of whom had 'normal' survey BPs. We conclude that ambulatory and mercury sphygmomanometer methods of BP measurement in this population study defined a similar prevalence of untreated hypertension but were discordant for a substantial percentage of individuals. The prognostic significance of ABP levels and any discordance with survey or office mercury sphygmomanometer BP readings will remain uncertain until prospective studies using both forms of measurement are completed.
|
['Adult', 'Ambulatory Care', 'Blood Pressure Determination', 'Blood Pressure Monitors', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Male', 'Mercury', 'Middle Aged']
| 8,263,887
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E02.760.106', 'N02.421.585.106'], ['E01.370.370.140', 'E01.370.600.100'], ['E07.230.740.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['D01.268.556.504', 'D01.268.956.437', 'D01.552.544.504'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Resolution of sexual dysfunction during double-blind treatment of major depression with reboxetine or paroxetine.
|
The selective noradrenaline re-uptake inhibitor reboxetine may have advantages over the selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors fluoxetine and citalopram, in effects on sexual function and satisfaction. The effects of reboxetine and paroxetine on sexual function were compared by examining data from the UK centres in an international double-blind flexible-dose parallel-group multi-centre randomized controlled trial of acute treatment of patients with DSM-IV major depression. Patients were randomly assigned to receive reboxetine (4 mg b.d.) or paroxetine (20 mg mane) using a double-dummy technique to preserve the blind. The dosage could be increased at day 28 (to reboxetine 4 mg mane, 6 mg nocte; or paroxetine 20 mg b.d.). Antidepressant efficacy was assessed by the 21-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) and Clinical Global Impression Scale for Severity (CGI-S) at all study visits, and the Clinical Global Impression of Improvement (CGI-I) at each visit after randomization. Sexual function and satisfaction was assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) items of the Rush Sexual Inventory completed at baseline and days 28 and 56. There were no significant differences between groups in demographic or clinical features at baseline. There was a gradual reduction in severity of depressive symptoms (reboxetine, 14.3; paroxetine, 12.0: observed case analysis), with no significant differences between groups. There were significant differences (p 0.05), with advantages for reboxetine, at Week 4 and Week 8 on the VAS item assessing ability to become sexually excited, and non-significant trends with advantages for reboxetine, in frequency of sexual thoughts at Week 4 (p 0.05) and Week 8 (p 0.08); and in desire to initiate sexual activity at Week 4 (p 0.09). Exclusion of patients who had ever experienced sexual dysfunction with any medication prior to participation in this study (n 10) reduced the statistical significance of the findings, although there were still numerical advantages for reboxetine. Sexual function and satisfaction in depressed patients improves during double-blind acute treatment with reboxetine or paroxetine, but this improvement is greater and more rapid with reboxetine.
|
['Adult', 'Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation', 'Depressive Disorder, Major', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Morpholines', 'Paroxetine', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Reboxetine', 'Sexual Behavior', 'Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological']
| 16,204,325
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.427.700.122.050'], ['F03.600.300.375'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D03.383.533.640'], ['D03.383.621.600'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['D03.383.533.640.682'], ['F01.145.802'], ['F03.835']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A Small-Molecule Inhibitor Targeting TRIP13 Suppresses Multiple Myeloma Progression.
|
The AAA-ATPase TRIP13 drives multiple myeloma progression. Here, we present the crystal structure of wild-type human TRIP13 at a resolution of 2.6 ?. A small-molecule inhibitor targeting TRIP13 was identified on the basis of the crystal structure. The inhibitor, designated DCZ0415, was confirmed to bind TRIP13 using pull-down, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and surface plasmon resonance-binding assays. DCZ0415 induced antimyeloma activity in vitro, in vivo, and in primary cells derived from drug-resistant patients with myeloma. The inhibitor impaired nonhomologous end joining repair and inhibited NF-êB activity. Moreover, combining DCZ0415 with the multiple myeloma chemotherapeutic melphalan or the HDAC inhibitor panobinostat induced synergistic antimyeloma activity. Therefore, targeting TRIP13 may be an effective therapeutic strategy for multiple myeloma, particularly refractory or relapsed multiple myeloma. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings identify TRIP13 as a potentially new therapeutic target in multiple myeloma.
|
['ATPases Associated with Diverse Cellular Activities', 'Animals', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell Cycle Proteins', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Disease Progression', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Humans', 'Melphalan', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Nude', 'Multiple Myeloma', 'Panobinostat', 'Protein Conformation', 'Pyridines', 'Small Molecule Libraries', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays']
| 31,732,653
|
[['D08.811.277.040.013.500', 'D08.811.277.040.025.024', 'D12.776.157.025.750'], ['B01.050'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D12.776.167'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.594', 'D12.125.072.050.685.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['C04.557.595.500', 'C14.907.454.460', 'C15.378.147.780.650', 'C15.378.463.515.460', 'C20.683.515.845', 'C20.683.780.650'], ['D02.092.570.394.535', 'D02.241.511.372.535', 'D03.633.100.473.746'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D03.383.725'], ['D27.720.470.765'], ['A11.251.860'], ['E05.337.550.200.900', 'E05.624.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Platelet activity and serum homocysteine levels in patients with end-stage renal failure with regard to dialysis modality.
|
BACKGROUND: Recent evidence suggests that the activation of platelets and their interaction with circulating cells are important independent risk factors for atherosclerosis. In non-uremic patients with symptomatic peripheral vascular disease, a relationship between serum homocysteine (Hcy) levels and platelet activity had been reported. The purposes of this study were to evaluate of effects of dialysis modality on platelet activity in patients with end-stage renal failure and to investigate the relationship between platelet activity, Hcy, and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH).MATERIAL AND METHODS: In age and sex matched 19 healthy subjects, 20 hemodialysis (HD) patients, and 18 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients, the expression of platelet surface receptors CD41, CD61, CD42a, and CD62P were investigated. CD62P expression was statistically significantly increased in HD patients compared with CAPD patients and controls (34.4 +/- 22.5%; 17.3 +/- 19.6%, 12.0 +/- 15.6%, respectively, p < 0.05), but not in CAPD patients compared with controls. There was a positive correlation between CD62 expression and duration of dialysis in HD patients (r = 0.498, p = 0.026). Mean plasma Hcy levels in dialysis patients were higher than reference levels. However, we could not find any relationship between CD62 expression, Hcy, and LVH in both groups (p > 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis (PD) have a different impact on the expression of CD62: peritoneal dialysis seems to have a more favorable effect. It may be possible that the differences in biocompatibility between PD and HD potentially contribute to differences in CD62 expression.
|
['Aged', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Female', 'Homocysteine', 'Humans', 'Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'P-Selectin', 'Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory', 'Platelet Activation', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Statistics, Nonparametric']
| 16,771,245
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D02.886.030.498', 'D12.125.166.498'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.280.195.400', 'C23.300.775.250.400'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.700.775', 'D12.776.395.550.625.905', 'D12.776.503.843.775', 'D12.776.543.550.200.700.775', 'D12.776.543.550.625.905', 'D23.050.301.350.700.775'], ['E02.760.106.500', 'E02.870.300.650.500', 'E02.912.800.650.500', 'N02.421.585.106.500'], ['G09.188.390.600'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Multiple sites required for expression in 5'-flanking region of the hMLH1 gene.
|
Expression of the hMLH1 gene, one of the DNA mismatch repair genes, is frequently repressed in various cancers such as colorectal, ovarian, gastric, and endometrial origins with a microsatellite instable phenotype. In this study, we investigated details of the relationship between the transcriptional activity and the protein-binding sites in the 5'-flanking region of the hMLH1 gene. Luciferase reporter gene analysis with a series of deletion mutants revealed that a region containing -301 to -76 relative to a translation start site is essential for maximal expression. Eight protein-binding sites in this region were identified by in vivo methylation footprinting analysis and homology search. A presence of binding proteins to CCAAT-box at -145 to -139 was confirmed by the electrophoresis mobility shift assay. Partial involvement of NF-Y was seen by the super gel shift assay. Three reporter plasmids having a single site-directed mutation at -163 to -158, -145 to -139, or -96 to -93 showed 14-30% less activities to that of having the wild-type. Dual or triple mutations were no greater effect than the single mutation on the activity. These results indicate that three cis-elements are essential for full expression of the hMLH1 gene and may work co-operatively.
|
["5' Flanking Region", 'Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing', 'Base Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'CCAAT-Binding Factor', 'Carrier Proteins', 'DNA', 'Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay', 'Gene Expression', 'Humans', 'Luciferases', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'MutL Protein Homolog 1', 'Mutation', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Protein Binding', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Sequence Deletion', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 12,657,467
|
[['G05.360.340.024.220.282', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.295'], ['D12.644.360.024', 'D12.776.157.057', 'D12.776.476.024'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D12.776.260.108.124.249', 'D12.776.660.167.249', 'D12.776.930.127.124.249'], ['D12.776.157'], ['D13.444.308'], ['E05.196.401.500'], ['G05.297'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.682.517', 'D12.776.532.510'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D08.811.074.766.500', 'D08.811.277.040.025.215.500', 'D12.776.260.540.500'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D12.776.624'], ['D12.776.660'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['G05.365.590.762', 'G05.558.800'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Successful closure of a rectovaginal fistula by using an endoscopically placed Resolution clip.
|
BACKGROUND: Rectovaginal fistula (RVF) is an abnormal epithelium-lined communication between the wall of the rectum and the posterior vaginal wall. The incidence of RVFs is low and accounts for about 5% of all anorectal fistulas. Women who suffer from an RVF complain of uncontrollable passage of gas or feces from the vagina. This remains a major contributor to morbidity associated with this condition in terms of social, psychologic, and sexual dysfunction.OBJECTIVE: RVFs may be managed both medically and surgically, with the latter being the preferred option. A number of different surgical techniques that pertain to fistula closure were described in various literature; however, very little has been said of much-less-invasive techniques and alternatives to surgical correction if the patient is a poor candidate or prefers not to have surgery. The purpose of our article is to show our approach in treating an RVF, given the fact that our patient was a poor surgical candidate and, moreover, refused more-invasive techniques for treatment.DESIGN: A case report. The patient described in this article is a 77-year-old woman with comorbidities that limited her as a candidate for less-invasive techniques rather than surgery.SETTING: An inpatient at New York Hospital Queens, Flushing, New York.PATIENT: A 77-year-old woman, with a medical history of 2 myocardial infarctions, congestive heart failure, 2 cardiac stents, multiple urinary-tract infections, and diverticulitis, presented to the hospital with a fever of 38.3 degrees C (101 degrees F) for 2 days. On the second day of admission, the patient complained of passing stool and flatus from the vagina. A subsequent workup and sigmoidoscopy revealed an RVF.INTERVENTION: A sigmoidoscopy was performed, and fistula closure was achieved in 2 phases with the use of a Resolution clip.MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Complications and resolution of symptoms after the procedure were the primary end points.RESULTS: No complications were noted post procedure, and the patient has remained free of any complaints now for 12 months.LIMITATIONS: The main limitation of the study is that this is a case report limited to a single patient, and outcomes of the procedure were concluded based on this particular patient. The endoscopic technique described here may be limited to readily visualized fistulas at endoscopy that are amenable to this treatment option.CONCLUSIONS: The technique described, closing an RVF with the use of an endoscopically placed Resolution clip, shows great promise and could be applied to treating uncomplicated fistulas.
|
['Aged', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures', 'Rectovaginal Fistula', 'Risk Assessment', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Sigmoidoscopy', 'Surgical Instruments', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 18,402,957
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.502'], ['C06.267.550.600.650', 'C06.405.469.471.600.650', 'C06.405.469.860.752.650', 'C13.351.500.894.767.249', 'C23.300.575.185.550.600.650', 'C23.300.575.925.558'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E01.370.372.250.250.200.700', 'E01.370.388.250.250.250.160.800', 'E04.210.240.250.160.800', 'E04.502.250.250.250.160.800'], ['E07.858.700'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Nonosseous athletic injuries of the elbow, forearm, and hand.
|
This article deals with soft-tissue injuries of the upper extremity incurred by competitive athletes. The authors describe the pathophysiology, conservative and operative management of musculotendinous elbow injuries, entrapment neuropathy, tendinous disorders, vascular injuries, and dermatologic conditions in athletes. Protective gear for many of the aforementioned injuries are also described.
|
['Athletic Injuries', 'Blister', 'Blood Vessels', 'Callosities', 'Carpal Tunnel Syndrome', 'Elbow', 'Forearm Injuries', 'Hand Injuries', 'Humans', 'Muscles', 'Nerve Compression Syndromes', 'Protective Devices', 'Radial Nerve', 'Tendon Injuries', 'Ulnar Nerve']
| 3,768,972
|
[['C26.115'], ['C17.800.865.187', 'C23.300.122'], ['A07.015'], ['C17.800.428.200'], ['C10.668.829.500.500.200', 'C10.668.829.550.200', 'C26.844.150.206'], ['A01.378.800.420'], ['C26.088.268'], ['C26.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['C10.668.829.550'], ['E07.700', 'J01.637.708'], ['A08.800.800.720.050.700'], ['C26.874'], ['A08.800.800.720.050.850']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Immunoassay by capillary electrophoresis with quantum dots.
|
The application of quantum dots in capillary electrophoresis immunoassay was studied for the first time. Quantum dots were conjugated with antibody and subsequently tested by electrophoretic separation of free antibody and antibody-antigen complex. Antibody was fluorescently labeled by quantum dots via conjugation procedures and its electrophoretic characteristics were effectively modified due to the attachment of quantum dots. The determination of human IgM by direct CE based immunoassay could be easily achieved by simply changing the pH value of separation buffer. Polymer additive influenced the separation too but the effect was not as significant as buffer pH adjustment. Satisfactory separation of complex from free antibody could be achieved with 20mM sodium tetraborate as separation buffer, at pH 9.8. The immunoassay application of quantum dots in CE offers considerable advantages and can be readily applied to other large bio-molecules.
|
['Electrophoresis, Capillary', 'Humans', 'Immunoassay', 'Immunoglobulin M', 'Quantum Dots']
| 17,208,246
|
[['E05.196.401.190', 'E05.301.300.190'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566', 'E05.601.470'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.574', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.574', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.574'], ['E07.705', 'J01.637.512.600.650']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Ingestive behavior of grazing steers fed increasing levels of concentrate supplementation with different crude protein contents.
|
This study aimed to evaluate the ingestive behavior of steers on Brachiaria brizantha pasture fed diets with increasing levels of concentrate supplementation. Thirty-two crossbred steers in the finishing phase with average weight of 420 ± 8 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments and eight replicates per treatment. Their behavior was assessed every 5 min for 24 h, in the middle of the experimental period. Variance and regression analyses at 0.05 % probability were adopted. The times spent grazing and ruminating reduced linearly (P <0.05), whereas the times spent at the trough (eating) and on other activities increased linearly (P <0.05) as the supplementation levels were elevated. The total feeding and chewing times decreased linearly (P <0.05) as the concentrate levels in the diet were elevated. By increasing the supplementation levels, the number of bites per day decreased linearly (P <0.05), and the feed efficiency of dry matter increased quadratically. Rumination efficiency of dry matter increased linearly (P <0.05) with increasing levels of concentrate supplementation. Grazing and rumination activities are reduced when the time devoted to other activities and at the trough are increased, as a result of the substitution effect.
|
['Animal Feed', 'Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena', 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Diet', 'Dietary Supplements', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Proteins']
| 25,471,365
|
[['G07.203.300.300.100', 'J02.500.300.100'], ['G07.203.650.161'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['G07.203.300.456', 'J02.500.456'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['D12.776']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Proline-containing cyclopeptides from the marine sponge Phakellia fusca.
|
Four new cyclopeptides, phakellistatins 15-18 (2-5), together with five known cyclopeptides, phakellistatin 13 (1), hymenistatin 1, and hymenamides G, H, and J, were isolated from the South China Sea sponge Phakellia fusca. Their structures were elucidated by HR-ESIMS, NMR, and MALDI-TOF/TOF sequence analysis. The absolute configurations of the amino acid residues of 2-5 were assigned to be l by enantioselective HPLC analysis.
|
['Animals', 'Marine Biology', 'Molecular Structure', 'Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular', 'Peptides, Cyclic', 'Porifera', 'Proline', 'Stereoisomerism']
| 20,345,147
|
[['B01.050'], ['H01.158.273.248.750.500', 'H01.277.249.750.500', 'H01.277.750.500'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['E05.196.867.519.550'], ['D04.345.566', 'D12.644.641'], ['B01.050.500.802'], ['D12.125.072.401.623'], ['G02.607.445.682']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Acute multisystem toxicity associated with the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
|
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been implicated as a cause of acute liver failure, acute renal failure, and acute autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Since NSAIDs are capable of causing serious injury to multiple organ systems, it is surprising that no one has observed multisystem involvement in any of the described patients. We describe two patients with multisystem involvement presumed to be secondary to NSAIDs. Both patients had renal failure consistent with acute tubular necrosis. Both patients had liver failure, one with hepatocellular disease and the other with a cholestatic picture. One patient had a Coombs'-positive hemolytic anemia.
|
['Acute Kidney Injury', 'Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents', 'Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury', 'Humans', 'Liver Diseases', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 6,703,823
|
[['C12.777.419.780.050', 'C13.351.968.419.780.050'], ['C15.378.071.141.125', 'C20.111.175'], ['D27.505.954.158'], ['C06.552.100', 'C25.100.562', 'C25.723.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.552'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A single editing event is a prerequisite for efficient processing of potato mitochondrial phenylalanine tRNA.
|
In bean, potato, and Oenothera plants, the C encoded at position 4 (C4) in the mitochondrial tRNA Phe GAA gene is converted into a U in the mature tRNA. This nucleotide change corrects a mismatched C4-A69 base pair which appears when the gene sequence is folded into the cloverleaf structure. C-to-U conversions constitute the most common editing events occurring in plant mitochondrial mRNAs. While most of these conversions introduce changes in the amino acids specified by the mRNA and appear to be essential for the synthesis of functional proteins in plant mitochondria, the putative role of mitochondrial tRNA editing has not yet been defined. Since the edited form of the tRNA has the correct secondary and tertiary structures compared with the nonedited form, the two main processes which might be affected by a nucleotide conversion are aminoacylation and maturation. To test these possibilities, we determined the aminoacylation properties of unedited and edited potato mitochondrial tRNAPhe in vitro transcripts, as well as the processing efficiency of in vitro-synthesized potato mitochondrial tRNAPhe precursors. Reverse transcription-PCR amplification of natural precursors followed by cDNA sequencing was also used to investigate the influence of editing on processing. Our results show that C-to-U conversion at position 4 in the potato mitochondrial tRNA Phe GAA is not required for aminoacylation with phenylalanine but is likely to he essential for efficient processing of this tRNA.
|
['Base Composition', 'Base Sequence', 'DNA Primers', 'Kinetics', 'Mitochondria', 'Models, Structural', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Nucleic Acid Conformation', 'RNA', 'RNA Editing', 'RNA, Mitochondrial', 'RNA, Plant', 'RNA, Transfer, Phe', 'Restriction Mapping', 'Solanum tuberosum']
| 8,668,166
|
[['G02.111.080'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['J01.897.280.500.545', 'L01.178.820.090.545'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.570.820.486', 'G05.360.580'], ['D13.444.735'], ['G02.111.760.250', 'G03.839.250', 'G05.308.700.250'], ['D13.444.735.580'], ['D13.444.735.635'], ['D13.444.735.757.700.650'], ['E05.393.183.620.650', 'E05.393.712'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.725.777']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Screening for neurocognitive impairment in HIV-positive adults aged 50 years and older: Montreal Cognitive Assessment relates to self-reported and clinician-rated everyday functioning.
|
As the HIV+ population ages, the risk for and need to screen for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) increases. The aim of this study is to determine the utility and ecological validity of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) among older HIV+ adults. A total of 100 HIV+ older adults aged 50 years or over completed a comprehensive neuromedical and neurocognitive battery, including the MoCA and several everyday functioning measures. The receiver operating characteristic curve indicates ?26 as the optimal cut-off balancing sensitivity (84.2%) and specificity (55.8%) compared to "gold standard" impairment as measured on a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Higher MoCA total scores are significantly (p < .01) associated with better performance in all individual cognitive domains except motor abilities, with the strongest association with executive functions (r = -0.49, p < .01). Higher MoCA total scores are also significantly (p <.01) associated with fewer instrumental activities of daily living declines (r = -0.28), fewer everyday cognitive symptoms (r = -0.25), and better clinician-rated functional status (i.e., Karnofsky scores; r = 0.28); these associations remain when controlling for depressive symptoms. HIV+ individuals who are neurocognitively normal demonstrate medium-to-large effect size differences in their MoCA performance compared to those with asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment (d = 0.85) or syndromic HAND (mild neurocognitive disorder or HIV-associated dementia; d = 0.78), while the latter two categories do not differ. Although limited by less than optimal specificity, the MoCA demonstrates good sensitivity and ecological validity, which lends support to its psychometric integrity as a brief cognitive screening tool among older HIV+ adults.
|
['AIDS Dementia Complex', 'Activities of Daily Living', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cognitive Dysfunction', 'Executive Function', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Psychometrics', 'Self Report', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 28,122,474
|
[['C01.221.250.875.049', 'C01.221.812.640.400.070', 'C01.778.640.400.070', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.049', 'C01.925.813.400.070', 'C10.228.140.380.070', 'C20.673.480.070', 'F03.615.400.050'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['F03.615.250.700'], ['F02.463.217'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.513'], ['F04.711.780'], ['E05.318.308.980.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.500'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The regeneration and division of mouse L-cell karyoplasts.
|
A technique for efficient cytochalasin-induced enucleation was used to prepare "karyoplasts"--nuclei surrounded by a thin shell of cytoplasm and an outer cell membrane. Methods for estimating the quantity of cytoplasm remaining in karyoplasts indicated that they contained less than 10% of the amount found in whole cells. Procedures for separating karyoplasts from contaminating cytoplasmic fragments and whole cells are also described. Freshly prepared L-cell karyoplasts were unable to adhere to and spread upon a surface. However, after incubation for several days, about 30% of the karyoplasts regained these abilities to some degree. A portion of the regenerating karyoplasts were then observed to divide. These events were confirmed and recorded by time-lapse cinematography. In addition, by culturing karyoplasts under appropriate conditions, clones were isolated.
|
['Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Fractionation', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Cell Separation', 'L Cells', 'RNA']
| 949,739
|
[['G04.022'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['E05.242.251'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['E01.370.225.500.363', 'E05.200.500.363', 'E05.242.363'], ['A11.251.210.505', 'A11.329.228.505'], ['D13.444.735']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cardiovascular disease risk factors and depression in Korean women: results from the fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
|
Depression is the fourth leading factor of disease burden for the global female population, but while increasing evidence has supported a contributing role of depression in cardiovascular disease, little is known about this association within the female population of Korea. We examined the association in a study of 5658 Korean women who participated in the fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A total of 279 cases of depression were included. Cardiovascular disease risk factors were associated with higher odds of depression: ORs (95% CIs) were 3.99 (2.25-7.05) for current smokers with <5 pack-years vs. never-smokers, 1.97 (1.18-3.30) for ?28 vs. <20kg/m(2) of body mass index, 1.42 (1.03-1.95) for 100-125 vs. <100mg/dL of fasting serum glucose levels, and 2.10 (1.46-3.03) for a history of hyperlipidemia. Women with a history of two or three comorbid disorders (diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease) had a 1.63-fold higher OR for depression than women without any of these diseases. Korean women with depression had a greater prevalence of major risk factors for cardiovascular disease than women without depression.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Anthropometry', 'Body Mass Index', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Confidence Intervals', 'Depression', 'Economics', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Life Style', 'Logistic Models', 'Middle Aged', 'Nutrition Surveys', 'Odds Ratio', 'Republic of Korea', 'Risk Factors', 'Smoking']
| 21,683,455
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.600.024', 'E05.041', 'N06.850.505.200.100'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['C14'], ['E05.318.740.275', 'N05.715.360.750.220', 'N06.850.520.830.275'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['I01.261', 'N03.219'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.458'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.980.485', 'N05.715.360.300.800.469', 'N06.850.505.616', 'N06.850.520.308.980.469'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['Z01.252.474.557.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.805']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) fusion protein subunit F2, not attachment protein G, determines the specificity of RSV infection.
|
Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) and bovine RSV (BRSV) infect human beings and cattle in a species-specific manner. We have here analyzed the contribution of RSV envelope proteins to species-specific entry into cells. In contrast to permanent cell lines, primary cells of human or bovine origin, including differentiated respiratory epithelia, peripheral blood lymphocytes, and macrophages, showed a pronounced species-specific permissiveness for HRSV and BRSV infection, respectively. Recombinant BRSV deletion mutants lacking either the small hydrophobic (SH) protein gene or both SH and the attachment glycoprotein (G) gene retained their specificity for bovine cells, whereas corresponding mutants carrying the HRSV F gene specifically infected human cells. To further narrow the responsible region of F, two reciprocal chimeric F constructs were assembled from BRSV and HRSV F1 and F2 subunits. The specificity of recombinant RSV carrying only the chimeric F proteins strictly correlated with the origin of the membrane-distal F2 domain. A contribution of G to the specificity of entry could be excluded after reintroduction of BRSV or HRSV G. Virus with F1 and G from BRSV and with only F2 from HRSV specifically infected human cells, whereas virus expressing F1 and G from HRSV and F2 from BRSV specifically infected bovine cells. The introduction of G enhanced the infectiousness of both chimeric viruses to equal degrees. Thus, the role of the nominal attachment protein G is confined to facilitating infection in a non-species-specific manner, most probably by binding to cell surface glycosaminoglycans. The identification of the F2 subunit as the determinant of RSV host cell specificity facilitates identification of virus receptors and should allow for development of reagents specifically interfering with RSV entry.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Cell Line', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Gene Deletion', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Viral', 'HN Protein', 'Humans', 'Leukocytes, Mononuclear', 'Macrophages', 'Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine', 'Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human', 'Species Specificity', 'Viral Envelope Proteins', 'Viral Fusion Proteins', 'Viral Proteins']
| 12,663,767
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.251'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['G05.308.385'], ['D12.776.964.970.880.350', 'D23.050.327.461.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555', 'A15.145.229.637.555', 'A15.382.490.555'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B04.820.480.937.600.670.600.750.700'], ['B04.820.480.937.600.670.600.750.730'], ['G16.824'], ['D09.400.430.968', 'D12.776.395.550.993', 'D12.776.543.550.993', 'D12.776.964.970.880'], ['D12.776.543.512.500', 'D12.776.964.970.880.910'], ['D12.776.964']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Relapse observed in the treatment of phonological disorder.
|
BACKGROUND: relapse in phonological performance.AIM: to verify relapse in the phonological performance related to sound production in the treatment of phonological disorder.METHOD: three subjects with phonological disorders, aged 6:0, 7:0, 7:0 years, were treated for phoneme /r/ using the ABAB-Withdrawal and Multiple Probes Model. After a cycle of treatment, the phonemes that presented relapse in terms of production percentage were compared.RESULTS: the results indicate that relapse occurred in the phonological system of all subjects. The involved features were mainly related to the main category.CONCLUSION: a relationship between the features of the treated phoneme and the ones that presented relapse was observed for all of the studied cases.
|
['Child', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Phonetics', 'Recurrence', 'Speech Disorders', 'Speech Therapy', 'Time Factors']
| 21,103,732
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.559.598.518'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['C10.597.606.150.500.800', 'C23.888.592.604.150.500.800'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.727.552', 'E02.831.727.552'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
HIV seroprevalence rate and incidence of adverse skin reactions in adults with pulmonary tuberculosis receiving thiacetazone free anti-tuberculosis treatment in Yaounde, Cameroon.
|
To determine the HIV seroprevalence in adult patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Yaounde and to compare the incidence of adverse skin reactions in patients with and without HIV infection receiving thiacetazone-free antituberculosis treatment, we studied 235 consecutive patients aged 15 years or more admitted into the Chest Clinic of Hospital Jamot in Yaounde with a diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis from July 1 to December 31, 1994. HIV testing was done using two ELISAs and confirmed by Western blot. Each patient was monitored for adverse skin reactions to antituberculosis treatment during the two month initial phase of therapy in hospital. Of the 235 patients studied, 156 (66%) were males (mean age: 33 years) and 79 were females (mean age: 30.3 years). Overall, 16.6% (39 cases) of the 235 patients were HIV seropositive. The prevalence of HIV infection was significantly higher in women (24%) than in men (12.5%) (p = 0.02). Adverse skin reactions to antituberculosis treatment were observed in eleven (4.7%) of the 235 patients. The incidence of the reactions was significantly higher in HIV seropositive (23.1%) than in HIV seronegative patients (1.0%) (p < 10 - 7). Two HIV seropositive patients who developed Stevens-Johnson syndrome died. The drugs incriminated for adverse skin reactions in the nine patients who survived were pyrazinamide (four cases) and rifampicin (five cases).
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antitubercular Agents', 'Cameroon', 'Drug Eruptions', 'Drug Monitoring', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'HIV Seroprevalence', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Sex Distribution', 'Thioacetazone', 'Tuberculosis, Pulmonary', 'Urban Health']
| 9,487,410
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.954.122.085.255'], ['Z01.058.290.100.110'], ['C17.800.174.600', 'C20.543.206.380', 'C25.100.468.380'], ['E01.370.520.200'], ['E02.319.310'], ['E05.318.372.500.950.375', 'N05.715.360.330.500.950.375', 'N06.850.520.450.500.950.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['D02.845.746.703.702', 'D02.886.803.702'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.899', 'C01.748.939', 'C08.381.922', 'C08.730.939'], ['N01.400.548.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Indicators for quality of care: who profits: patients or managers?].
|
In the Netherlands and abroad detailed indicators are developed to measure quality of care for a variety of treatments and care systems. These days the development of quality indicators is a profession and business in itself. The significance of these indicators is often not related to the primary care process, but based on (administrative) data for 'quality management'. The consequence is a gap between 'real' and 'measured' quality of care. Improvement in quality of care is therefore problematic. There is a need to return to the essence of care, i.e. the patient and the care professional, to develop appropriate indicators for quality of care.
|
['Geriatrics', 'Humans', 'Netherlands', 'Patient Care', 'Patient Care Management', 'Quality Indicators, Health Care', 'Quality of Health Care']
| 21,574,501
|
[['H02.403.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.651'], ['E02.760', 'N02.421.585'], ['N04.590'], ['N04.761.789', 'N05.715.760'], ['N04.761', 'N05.715']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
MULTiPly: a novel multi-layer predictor for discovering general and specific types of promoters.
|
MOTIVATION: Promoters are short DNA consensus sequences that are localized proximal to the transcription start sites of genes, allowing transcription initiation of particular genes. However, the precise prediction of promoters remains a challenging task because individual promoters often differ from the consensus at one or more positions.RESULTS: In this study, we present a new multi-layer computational approach, called MULTiPly, for recognizing promoters and their specific types. MULTiPly took into account the sequences themselves, including both local information such as k-tuple nucleotide composition, dinucleotide-based auto covariance and global information of the entire samples based on bi-profile Bayes and k-nearest neighbour feature encodings. Specifically, the F-score feature selection method was applied to identify the best unique type of feature prediction results, in combination with other types of features that were subsequently added to further improve the prediction performance of MULTiPly. Benchmarking experiments on the benchmark dataset and comparisons with five state-of-the-art tools show that MULTiPly can achieve a better prediction performance on 5-fold cross-validation and jackknife tests. Moreover, the superiority of MULTiPly was also validated on a newly constructed independent test dataset. MULTiPly is expected to be used as a useful tool that will facilitate the discovery of both general and specific types of promoters in the post-genomic era.AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: The MULTiPly webserver and curated datasets are freely available at http://flagshipnt.erc.monash.edu/MULTiPly/.SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
|
['Bayes Theorem', 'Genomics', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Software', 'Transcription Initiation Site']
| 30,649,179
|
[['E05.318.740.600.200', 'N05.715.360.750.625.150', 'N06.850.520.830.600.200'], ['H01.158.273.180.350', 'H01.158.273.343.350'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['L01.224.900'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.840']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A widespread alternate form of cap-dependent mRNA translation initiation.
|
Translation initiation of most mammalian mRNAs is mediated by a 5' cap structure that binds eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E). However, inactivation of eIF4E does not impair translation of many capped mRNAs, suggesting an unknown alternate mechanism may exist for cap-dependent but eIF4E-independent translation. We show that DAP5, an eIF4GI homolog that lacks eIF4E binding, utilizes eIF3d to facilitate cap-dependent translation of approximately 20% of mRNAs. Genome-wide transcriptomic and translatomic analyses indicate that DAP5 is required for translation of many transcription factors and receptor capped mRNAs and their mRNA targets involved in cell survival, motility, DNA repair and translation initiation, among other mRNAs. Mass spectrometry and crosslinking studies demonstrate that eIF3d is a direct binding partner of DAP5. In vitro translation and ribosome complex studies demonstrate that DAP5 and eIF3d are both essential for eIF4E-independent capped-mRNA translation. These studies disclose a widespread and previously unknown mechanism for cap-dependent mRNA translation by DAP5-eIF3d complexes.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Line', 'Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-3', 'Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E', 'Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4G', 'Gene Silencing', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Humans', 'Peptide Chain Initiation, Translational', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Processing, Post-Translational', 'RNA Caps', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Ribosomes', 'Transcriptome']
| 30,076,308
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D12.776.835.725.868.437'], ['D12.776.157.725.750.374', 'D12.776.835.725.868.500.750'], ['D12.776.835.725.868.500.875'], ['G05.308.203.374'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.660.871.650', 'G03.734.871.650'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600', 'G02.111.691.600', 'G03.734.871.790.600', 'G05.308.670.600'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.700', 'D13.444.735.544.500', 'D13.695.667.454.700', 'D13.695.827.426.700'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811'], ['G02.111.873.750', 'G05.297.700.750', 'G05.360.920']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Fats and atheroma: a retrial.
|
The controversy over medical endorsement of dietary measures to reduce cholesterol intake has been reconsidered. The results of several published reports that apparently do not confirm the association between diet, cholesterol concentrations, and ischaemic heart disease (IHD) were found to be largely inapplicable to the argument. Results of primary prevention trials, however, suggested that lowering the cholesterol concentration had a beneficial effect in reducing morbidity from IHD. The "average Western diet" is particularly associated with accelerated or premature atherosclerotic disease, yet the saturated fatty acid component of the diet may be only one of several factors relevant to IHD. Such diets are usually high in refined carbohydrate and total energy intake. Disordered nutrition generally, and other environmental and constitutional factors seem to be important in the aetiology of IHD. A prudent diet, incorporating decreased intake of fats, simple sugars, and refined carbohydrate, with polyunsaturated fats comprising less than 25% of total energy intake, may be the best method of reducing the incidence of IHD and other diseases of overnutrition.
|
['Arteriosclerosis', 'Cholesterol', 'Cholesterol, Dietary', 'Coronary Disease', 'Diet', 'Diet, Atherogenic', 'Dietary Fats', 'Fats, Unsaturated', 'Humans', 'Nutritional Physiological Phenomena']
| 435,754
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The objective evaluation of the severity of psoriatic scales with desquamation collecting tapes and image analysis.
|
BACKGROUND: Assessment of psoriatic scales is important to determine the severity of psoriasis. However, there are very limited numbers of objective, quantitative and observer-independent tools for measuring the severity of psoriasis.OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the bioengineering parameters of the psoriatic scale can be used to assess the severity of psoriasis instead of the psoriatic severity index of scales (PSIs) score.METHODS: Thirty-four patients with psoriasis were included. A representative lesion from each patient was selected and bioengineering parameters were measured using the Corneofix(®). Simultaneously, the severity of the scales was assessed by the PSIs score using clinical photographs of the lesions. In addition, skin color and elasticity parameters were also measured using the Colorimeter(®), the Mexameter(®) and the Cutometer(®).RESULTS: Statistical differences in the scale parameters were observed between the PSIs 2 and 3 scores. Among the scale parameters, the percent area and area in ìm(2) were negatively correlated with the PSIs score. In addition, the Colorimeter(®) a, b parameters and the Cutometer(®) R9 parameters were significantly correlated with the PSIs score.CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study showed that the severity of psoriatic scales could be measured objectively using the Corneofix(®).
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Bioengineering', 'Child', 'Colorimetry', 'Dermoscopy', 'Elasticity Imaging Techniques', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Photography', 'Psoriasis', 'Reference Standards', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Surgical Tape', 'Young Adult']
| 21,507,073
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['J01.293.069'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.196.922.250'], ['E01.370.350.515.277.250', 'E05.595.185.250'], ['E01.370.350.850.270'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.600', 'E05.712'], ['C17.800.859.675'], ['E05.978.808'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E07.858.690.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of herpesvirus infection on pancreatic duct cell secretion.
|
AIM: To examine the effect of acute infection caused by herpesvirus (pseudorabies virus, PRV) on pancreatic ductal secretion.METHODS: The virulent Ba-DupGreen (BDG) and non-virulent Ka-RREp0lacgfp (KEG) genetically modified strains of PRV were used in this study and both of them contain the gene for green fluorescent protein (GFP). Small intra/interlobular ducts were infected with BDG virus (10(7) PFU/mL for 6 h) or with KEG virus (10(10) PFU/mL for 6 h), while non-infected ducts were incubated only with the culture media. The ducts were then cultured for a further 18 h. The rate of HCO(3)(-) secretion (base efflux -J(B-)) was determined from the buffering capacity of the cells and the initial rate of intracellular acidification (1) after sudden blockage of basolateral base loaders with dihydro-4,4-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2-disulfonic acid (500 micromol/L) and amiloride (200 micromol/L), and (2) after alkali loading the ducts by exposure to NH(4)Cl. All the experiments were performed in HCO(3)(-)-buffered Ringer solution at 37 degrees (n = 5 ducts for each experimental condition). Viral structural proteins were visualized by immunohistochemistry. Virally-encoded GFP and immunofluorescence signals were recorded by a confocal laser scanning microscope.RESULTS: The BDG virus infected the majority of accessible cells of the duct as judged by the appearance of GFP and viral antigens in the ductal cells. KEG virus caused a similarly high efficiency of infection. After blockage of basolateral base loaders, BDG infection significantly elevated -J(B-) 24 h after the infection, compared to the non-infected group. However, KEG infection did not modify -J(B-). After alkali loading the ducts, -J(B-) was significantly elevated in the BDG group compared to the control group 24 h after the infection. As we found with the inhibitor stop method, no change was observed in the group KEG compared to the non-infected group.CONCLUSION: Incubation with the BDG or KEG strains of PRV results in an effective infection of ductal epithelial cells. The BDG strain of PRV, which is able to initiate a lytic viral cycle, stimulates HCO(3)(-) secretion in guinea pig pancreatic duct by about four- to fivefold, 24 h after the infection. However, the KEG strain of PRV, which can infect, but fails to replicate, has no effect on HCO(3)(-) secretion. We suggest that this response of pancreatic ducts to virulent PRV infection may represent a defense mechanism against invasive pathogens to avoid pancreatic injury.
|
['Animals', 'Bicarbonates', 'Green Fluorescent Proteins', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Herpesvirus 1, Suid', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Pancreatic Ducts', 'Pseudorabies']
| 16,273,613
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.200.275.150.100', 'D01.248.497.158.165.100'], ['D12.776.532.265'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['B04.280.382.100.900.510'], ['E05.481'], ['A03.734.667'], ['C01.207.245.710', 'C01.925.182.710', 'C01.925.256.466.793', 'C10.228.228.245.710', 'C22.742']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Angiotensin II type 2 receptor blockade inhibits fatty acid synthase production through activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in pancreatic cancer cells.
|
BACKGROUND: The lipogenesis-promoting enzyme fatty acid synthase is highly expressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Angiotensin II, which is the principal hormone of the renin angiotensin system, is generated actively in the pancreas and has been shown to increase the expression of fatty acid synthase. The angiotensin II type 2 receptor has been proposed to play an important role in lipogenesis and fat deposition. In this study, we explored the potential role of the angiotensin II type 2 receptor in fatty acid synthase regulation in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells, and we evaluated the mechanisms involved.METHODS: Fatty acid synthase messenger RNA and protein in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell lines treated with or without angiotensin II (10(-6) to 10(-8) mol/L) in the presence or absence of the angiotensin II type 2 receptor blocker PD123319 (10(-4) to 10(-6) mol/L) were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. The total-AMP-activated protein kinase and phospho-AMP-activated protein kinase, total-acetyl CoA carboxylase and phospho-acetyl CoA carboxylase, and LKB1/STK11 were analyzed by Western immunoblotting. The tissue localization of the angiotensin II type 2 receptor was examined by immunohistochemistry in invasive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma lesions and matching normal tissue.RESULTS: Angiotensin II type 2 receptor treatment increased fatty acid synthase expression and promoter activity in significantly pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells; these effects were blocked significantly in the presence of PD123319. Interestingly, angiotensin II also induced angiotensin II type 2 receptor expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells. PD123319, C75, and AICAR decreased fatty acid synthase protein levels, but only PD123319 increased LKB1/STK11 levels. All 3 agents activated AMP-activated protein kinase differentially and inhibited acetyl CoA carboxylase. Angiotensin II type 2 receptor messenger RNA levels were upregulated significantly in 20 of the 25 neoplastic tissues examined (80%) when compared with matching controls. Angiotensin II type 2 receptor protein was localized in the malignant ducts and in the stromal cells.CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrate a previously unknown involvement of the angiotensin II type 2 receptor in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell fatty acid synthesis and suggest that its blockade has potential as a novel chemopreventive and antilipogenic mechanism for human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma through the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase, which could have detrimental effects on cancer cell survival.
|
['AMP-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor Blockers', 'Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Fatty Acid Synthases', 'Humans', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2']
| 21,801,966
|
[['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.085', 'D12.644.360.062', 'D12.776.476.062'], ['D27.505.519.162.750'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.232.750', 'C04.557.470.615.132.750', 'C04.588.274.761.750', 'C04.588.322.475.750', 'C06.301.761.750', 'C06.689.667.625', 'C19.344.421.750'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D08.811.277.352.897.387', 'D08.811.520.241.300.287', 'D08.811.682.047.820.196.500', 'D08.811.913.050.134.029.500', 'D08.811.913.050.170.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.047.687', 'D12.776.543.750.750.130.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Electron paramagnetic resonance crystallography of bacterial catalase: g-Contour mapping method of analysis.
|
Single crystals of bacterial catalase from Micrococcus luteus have been examined by EPR at 77 K. X-ray perfect crystals gave a set of four prominent resonances in all three orthogonal planes which yielded eight heme direction cosine matrices to an accuracy of +/- 2 degrees as expected for the P4(2)2(1)2 space group and unit cell parameters previously determined. These matrices are related by D4 symmetry operation of the space group. There were additional weaker resonances only resolved in two or even one plane. A method of g-contour mapping was devised to solve for the orientations of hemes that give rise to these weaker resonances. Three additional sets of heme orientations, also following D4 symmetry, were determined. All of the above sites have the same principal g values, 2.0, 5.4, and 6.6. The EPR crystallographic results imply that several conformational substates may be trapped at 77 K.
|
['Catalase', 'Crystallography', 'Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Heme', 'Micrococcus', 'Protein Conformation']
| 6,296,827
|
[['D08.811.682.732.332'], ['E05.196.309', 'H01.181.529.240'], ['E05.196.867.519.274'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.500.640.587', 'D03.633.400.909.500.640.587', 'D04.345.783.500.640.587', 'D23.767.727.640.587'], ['B03.510.024.850.500', 'B03.510.400.500.500'], ['G02.111.570.820.709']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The effects of antibiotics and steroids on the carriage of vaginal bacteria into the uterus during insertion of intra-uterine monofilaments in the guinea-pig.
|
The effects of systemic norethisterone acetate and oxytetracycline hydrochloride on the levels of vaginal microorganisms found in the uterus after the insertion of transcervical, intra-uterine monofilaments in the guinea-pig were determined. The results indicated that bacteria were transferred to the uterus from the vagina during the insertion process and, in the presence of an intra-uterine substrate, persisted for up to 6 months. Daily treatment with norethisterone acetate or oxytetracycline hydrochloride whilst the monofilament was in-situ failed to reduce the bacterial numbers in the uterus. Similarly, daily treatment with oxytetracycline hydrochloride for the 5 days before monofilament insertion had no effect on these bacteria.
|
['Animals', 'Bacteria', 'Colony Count, Microbial', 'Female', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Injections, Intraperitoneal', 'Intrauterine Devices', 'Norethindrone', 'Norethindrone Acetate', 'Oxytetracycline', 'Progesterone Congeners', 'Uterus', 'Vagina']
| 8,105,064
|
[['B01.050'], ['B03'], ['E01.370.225.875.220', 'E05.200.875.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['E02.319.267.530.490'], ['E07.190.250.510'], ['D04.210.500.668.651.693.651'], ['D04.210.500.668.651.693.651.500'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.900.600', 'D04.615.562.900.600'], ['D06.472.334.851.687'], ['A05.360.319.679'], ['A05.360.319.779']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Involvement of the global regulator H-NS in the survival of Escherichia coli in stationary phase.
|
Long-term batch cultures of Escherichia coli grown in nutrient-rich medium accumulate mutations that provide a growth advantage in the stationary phase (GASP). We have examined the survivors of prolonged stationary phase to identify loci involved in conferring a growth advantage and show that a mutation in the hns gene causing reduced activity of the global regulator H-NS confers a GASP phenotype under specific conditions. The hns-66 allele bears a point mutation within the termination codon of the H-NS open reading frame, resulting in a longer protein that is partially functional. Although isolated from a long-term stationary-phase culture of the parent carrying the rpoS819 allele that results in reduced RpoS activity, the hns-66 survivor showed a growth disadvantage in the early stationary phase (24 to 48 h) when competed against the parent. The hns-66 mutant is also unstable and reverts at a high frequency in the early stationary phase by accumulating second-site suppressor mutations within the ssrA gene involved in targeting aberrant proteins for proteolysis. The mutant was more stable and showed a moderate growth advantage in combination with the rpoS819 allele when competed against a 21-day-old parent. These studies show that H-NS is a target for mutations conferring fitness gain that depends on the genetic background as well as on the stage of the stationary phase.
|
['Animals', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Bacteriological Techniques', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Chromosomes, Bacterial', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Coculture Techniques', 'Escherichia coli', 'Escherichia coli Proteins', 'Fimbriae Proteins', 'Gene Deletion', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'Protein Binding', 'Sigma Factor', 'Time Factors']
| 22,843,842
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.097'], ['E01.370.225.875.150', 'E05.200.875.150'], ['E05.393.183'], ['A11.284.187.190', 'A20.812', 'G05.360.162.190'], ['E05.393.220'], ['E05.481.500.374'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D12.776.097.275'], ['D12.776.097.120.425', 'D12.776.543.100.300'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['G05.308.300'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776.930.800'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Myocardial perfusion in experimentally induced diabetes mellitus.
|
Diabetes mellitus was induced in rabbits by alloxan monohydrate. At the end of six-week period, animals of the control and diabetic groups (8 rabbits each) were sacrificed and their hearts were excised and perfused using Langendorff apparatus. Results revealed that diabetes had adverse effects on myocardial perfusion. The baseline coronary flow and maximum coronary flow were significantly reduced in diabetic hearts as compared with those of the control. The maximum total coronary flow tended to decrease in the diabetic hearts. Products of the metabolic changes which accompanied diabetes might have directly and/or indirectly caused the observed reduction in the coronary vascular capacity of the diabetic heart.
|
['Animals', 'Coronary Circulation', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'Male', 'Rabbits']
| 2,365,422
|
[['B01.050'], ['G09.330.100.324'], ['C18.452.394.750.074', 'C19.246.240', 'E05.598.500.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Enhanced protein phosphorylation in SV40-transformed and -infected cells.
|
We have studied the phosphorylation of cellular phosphoproteins and, in more detail, of SV40 T antigen and the cellular protein p53 in SV40 tsA-transformed cells. As detected by radiolabeling cold-sensitive tsA1499- or heat-sensitive tsA58-transformed rat fibroblasts with [32P]orthophosphate or by in vitro labeling extracts with [gamma-32P]ATP the hyperphosphorylation of certain cellular phosphoproteins including p53 and also of free SV40 large T antigen and T antigen complexed with p53 is strictly correlated with the expression of the transformed phenotype. This hyperphosphorylation can be observed as early as 30 min after shifting to the temperature where the cells expressed the transformed phenotype and, furthermore, it is dependent on protein synthesis. To evaluate the influence of a functional T antigen and to exclude properties of individual transformants we 32P labeled in vitro cellular proteins from rat F111, mouse NIH 3T3, and monkey TC-7 cells infected with tsA58 or tsA1499. In tsA58-infected cells we found a heat-sensitive enhancement of protein phosphorylation just as in tsA58 transformants. In tsA1499-infected monkey cells we observed a heat-sensitive and in abortively infected rat or mouse cells a cold-sensitive hyperphosphorylation of proteins. Thus in tsA-transformants and in various tsA-infected cells we found a strong correlation among the transformed phenotype, functions of T antigen, and the phosphorylation of various cellular proteins and in particular T antigen and p53.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, Viral, Tumor', 'Cell Transformation, Viral', 'Haplorhini', 'Mice', 'Mutation', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Phosphoproteins', 'Rats', 'Simian virus 40', 'Temperature', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53', 'Tumor Virus Infections']
| 2,821,683
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050.285.062', 'D23.050.327.062'], ['C04.697.098.500.160', 'C23.550.727.098.500.160', 'G06.920.143'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D12.776.624'], ['D12.776.744'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B04.280.210.700.615.700', 'B04.613.204.670.615.700'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845'], ['C01.925.928']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Interleukin-1â induces blood-brain barrier disruption by downregulating Sonic hedgehog in astrocytes.
|
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is composed of capillary endothelial cells, pericytes, and perivascular astrocytes, which regulate central nervous system homeostasis. Sonic hedgehog (SHH) released from astrocytes plays an important role in the maintenance of BBB integrity. BBB disruption and microglial activation are common pathological features of various neurologic diseases such as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease. Interleukin-1â (IL-1â), a major pro-inflammatory cytokine released from activated microglia, increases BBB permeability. Here we show that IL-1â abolishes the protective effect of astrocytes on BBB integrity by suppressing astrocytic SHH production. Astrocyte conditioned media, SHH, or SHH signal agonist strengthened BBB integrity by upregulating tight junction proteins, whereas SHH signal inhibitor abrogated these effects. Moreover, IL-1â increased astrocytic production of pro-inflammatory chemokines such as CCL2, CCL20, and CXCL2, which induce immune cell migration and exacerbate BBB disruption and neuroinflammation. Our findings suggest that astrocytic SHH is a potential therapeutic target that could be used to restore disrupted BBB in patients with neurologic diseases.
|
['Animals', 'Astrocytes', 'Blood-Brain Barrier', 'Cell Line', 'Chemokines', 'Down-Regulation', 'Gene Expression', 'Hedgehog Proteins', 'Interleukin-1beta', 'Mice', 'Paracrine Communication', 'Tight Junctions']
| 25,313,834
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.637.200', 'A11.650.200'], ['A07.035', 'A08.186.211.035'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D12.644.276.374.200', 'D12.776.467.374.200', 'D23.125.300', 'D23.469.200', 'D23.529.374.200'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['G05.297'], ['D12.644.276.671', 'D12.776.467.671', 'D23.529.671'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010.600', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400.600', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010.600', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400.600', 'D23.529.374.465.131.600', 'D23.529.374.500.400.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G04.085.600'], ['A11.284.149.165.420.820']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The immunology of experimental Chagas' disease. II. Delayed hypersensitivity to Trypanosoma cruzi antigens.
|
Homogenates of suspensions of the trypomastigote and amastigote forms of the Ernestina strain of Trypanosoma cruzi, derived from tissue cultures, yielded two subcellular fractions which elicited strong delayed hypersensitivity reactions in rabbits. The 100,000 g times 90 minute fraction of T. cruzi homogenates gave rise to marked cell-mediated immunity. The 30,000 g times 35 minute fraction of these homogenates was also capable of eliciting a marked cell-mediated immune response. Cell-mediated immunity was assayed by experiments which established passive transfer, inhibition of blood mononuclear cell migration and blast transformation by T. cruzi--sensitized lymphocytes. Sensitized lymphocytes did not have observable effects on trypomastigotes of T. cruzi. The results of the experiments described here strongly suggest that constituents of intracytoplasmic particles of trypomastigotes and amastigotes of T. cruzi are involved in eliciting cell-mediated immunity in rabbits.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens', 'Cell Migration Inhibition', 'Chagas Disease', 'Hypersensitivity, Delayed', 'Immunity, Cellular', 'Immunization, Passive', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Lymphocytes', 'Monocytes', 'Rabbits', 'Skin Tests', 'Subcellular Fractions', 'Trypanosoma cruzi']
| 805,088
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050'], ['G04.198.337'], ['C01.610.752.300.900.200', 'C01.920.625'], ['C20.543.418'], ['G12.450.050.400'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.330', 'E05.478.550.520'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['E01.370.225.812.871', 'E05.200.812.871', 'E05.478.594.890'], ['A11.284.835'], ['B01.268.475.868.887.140']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Culture-independent evaluation of nonenveloped-virus infectivity reduced by free-chlorine disinfection.
|
The inability of molecular detection methods to distinguish disinfected virions from infectious ones has hampered the assessment of infectivity for enteric viruses caused by disinfection practices. In the present study, the reduction of infectivity of murine norovirus S7-PP3 and mengovirus vMC0, surrogates of human noroviruses and enteroviruses, respectively, caused by free-chlorine treatment was characterized culture independently by detecting carbonyl groups on viral capsid protein. The amount of carbonyls on viral capsid protein was evaluated by the proportion of biotinylated virions trapped by avidin-immobilized gel (percent adsorbed). This culture-independent approach demonstrated that the percent adsorbed was significantly correlated with the logarithm of the infectious titer of tested viruses. Taken together with the results of previous reports, the result obtained in this study indicates that the amount of carbonyls on viral capsid protein of four important families of waterborne pathogenic viruses, Astroviridae, Reoviridae, Caliciviridae, and Picornaviridae, is increased in proportion to the received oxidative stress of free chlorine. There was also a significant correlation between the percent adsorbed and the logarithm of the ratio of genome copy number to PFU, which enables estimation of the infectious titer of a subject virus by measuring values of the total genome copy number and the percent adsorbed. The proposed method is applicable when the validation of a 4-log reduction of viruses, a requirement in U.S. EPA guidelines for virus removal from water, is needed along with clear evidence of the oxidation of virus particles with chlorine-based disinfectants.
|
['Chlorine', 'Disinfectants', 'Mengovirus', 'Norovirus', 'Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Viral Plaque Assay']
| 25,681,178
|
[['D01.268.380.150', 'D01.362.225'], ['D27.505.954.122.425', 'D27.720.274'], ['B04.820.578.750.170.200.500'], ['B04.820.578.298.550'], ['E05.393.620.500.706'], ['E01.370.225.875.970.790', 'E05.200.875.970.790']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Multicenter evaluation of the commutability of a potential reference material for harmonization of enzyme activities.
|
Standardization of laboratory results allows for the use of common reference intervals and can be achieved via calibration of field methods with secondary reference materials. These harmonization materials should be commutable, i.e., they produce identical numerical results independent of assay principle or platform. This study assessed the commutability of a cryolyoprotectant-containing harmonization material, obtained from the Dutch Foundation for Quality Assessment in Clinical Laboratories, that is intended to harmonize measurements of enzyme activities within the Dutch project "Calibration 2000". The catalytic concentrations of alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyltransferase and creatine kinase were analyzed in pooled patient sera and in the reference material in 14 laboratories. On liquid chemistry analyzers the harmonization material behaves like patient material. The enzyme activities measured in it fall on the regression lines calculated from activities measured in serum samples. For dry chemistry analyzers the activities of all enzymes measured in the harmonizator differ from the serum-based regression line. We show that this is due to the sucrose-containing cryolyoprotectant in the harmonization material. For each enzyme, correction factors were calculated that compensated for the bias and proved to be constant between reagent lots. Depending on the enzyme activity measured, application of these factors leads to 2- to 10-fold reduction of between-laboratory percentage coefficient of variation. Thus, additives to (potential) reference materials may alter their matrix in a way that interferes with analysis on certain test systems. The bias caused may be quantifiable and correctable. Establishment of correction factors leads to analytical uncertainties and costs. Therefore, matrix-based materials without additives should be selected as reference materials.
|
['Blood Specimen Collection', 'Catalysis', 'Clinical Enzyme Tests', 'Enzymes', 'Humans', 'Linear Models', 'Reference Standards', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Sucrose']
| 15,576,303
|
[['E01.370.225.998.110', 'E04.665.150', 'E05.200.998.110'], ['G02.130'], ['E01.370.225.124.200', 'E05.196.427.200', 'E05.200.124.200'], ['D08.811'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['E05.978.808'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['D09.698.629.305.770', 'D09.947.750.770']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Localization of ischemia in canine hearts using tagged rotated long axis MR images, endocardial surface stretch and wall thickening.
|
Tagged magnetic resonance imaging allows the noninvasive measurement of regional systolic myocardial deformations and helps localize ischemic regions in the left ventricle (LV). The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential accuracy of localizing ischemic regions in the LV using endocardial and epicardial data obtained from tagged rotated long axis images. Nine canine hearts with acute ischemia induced by coronary artery ligation were imaged along four long axis planes rotated around the LV long axis, at end diastole and end systole. Each plane was tagged by four parallel lines perpendicular to the LV long axis. Tracing the endocardial and epicardial intersection points of the tag lines, 24 myocardial cuboids were reconstructed for each LV at end diastole and end systole. Endocardial surface stretch and transmural systolic thickening were calculated for each cuboid. The functional data were compared to perfusion data obtained from postmortem monastral blue staining of the heart. The ability of each functional index to discriminate between ischemic and non-ischemic regions was assessed using the "t"-statistic. The potential accuracy in localizing ischemia was evaluated by studying the corresponding sensitivity-specificity curves. The results demonstrate that adequate discrimination and localization can be obtained with both functional indices. However, endocardial surface stretch is advantageous as it uses only endocardial data and can save 50% of the post-processing time.
|
['Animals', 'Dogs', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Models, Cardiovascular', 'Models, Structural', 'Myocardial Contraction', 'Myocardial Ischemia', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Stress, Mechanical', 'Systole']
| 9,364,950
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['A07.541.560'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E05.599.395.161'], ['J01.897.280.500.545', 'L01.178.820.090.545'], ['G09.330.580', 'G11.427.494.570'], ['C14.280.647', 'C14.907.585'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['G01.374.835'], ['G09.330.580.880', 'G11.427.494.570.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Intranuclear delivery of an antiviral peptide mediated by the B subunit of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin.
|
We report an intracellular peptide delivery system capable of targeting specific cellular compartments. In the model system we constructed a chimeric protein consisting of the nontoxic B subunit of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (EtxB) fused to a 27-mer peptide derived from the DNA polymerase of herpes simplex virus 1. Viral DNA synthesis takes places in the nucleus and requires the interaction with an accessory factor, UL42, encoded by the virus. The peptide, designated Pol, is able to dissociate this interaction. The chimeric protein, EtxB-Pol, retained the functional properties of both EtxB and peptide components and was shown to inhibit viral DNA polymerase activity in vitro via disruption of the polymerase-UL42 complex. When added to virally infected cells, EtxB-Pol had no effect on adenovirus replication but specifically interfered with herpes simplex virus 1 replication. Further studies showed that the antiviral peptide localized in the nucleus, whereas the EtxB component remained associated with vesicular compartments. The results indicate that the chimeric protein entered through endosomal acidic compartments and that the Pol peptide was cleaved from the chimeric protein before being translocated into the nucleus. The system we describe is suitable for delivery of peptides that specifically disrupt protein-protein interactions and may be developed to target specific cellular compartments.
|
['3T3 Cells', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Antiviral Agents', 'Bacterial Toxins', 'COS Cells', 'Chlorocebus aethiops', 'DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase', 'Drug Delivery Systems', 'Enterotoxins', 'Escherichia coli', 'Escherichia coli Proteins', 'Herpes Simplex', 'Herpesvirus 1, Human', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Vero Cells', 'Virus Replication']
| 10,220,447
|
[['A11.251.210.100', 'A11.329.228.100'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['D23.946.123'], ['A11.251.210.172.500', 'A11.329.228.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.126.110'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300'], ['E02.319.300'], ['D23.946.330'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D12.776.097.275'], ['C01.925.256.466.382', 'C01.925.825.320', 'C17.800.838.790.320'], ['B04.280.382.100.750.390'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['A11.251.210.955', 'A11.436.955'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Identification and characterization of two flavohemoglobin genes in Dictyostelium discoideum.
|
Flavohemoglobins are being identified in an expanding number of prokaryotes and unicellular eukaryotes. These molecules consist of an N-terminal hemoglobin domain and a C-terminal oxidoreductase domain, and are considered to function in storage or as sensors for O2, and in defense against oxidative stress and/or NO. However, their physiological significance has not yet been determined. Here, we isolated and analyzed two flavohemoglobin genes of Dictyostelium discoideum, DdFHa and DdFHb, which lie close to each other in the genome. DdFHs were induced by submerged conditions, and enriched in the sexually mature cells of D. discoideum. Although they were not essential for growth or development under standard laboratory conditions, disruption of both genes caused an increase in number of large but uninuclear cells, and hypersensitivity to higher concentrations of glucose and to NO releasers. These results indicate that DdFHs are responsible for transducing NO signals to maintain normal cellular conditions against environmental stresses.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Base Sequence', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Dictyostelium', 'Hemeproteins', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Oxidoreductases', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid']
| 10,791,894
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.097'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['B01.046.550.200.300'], ['D12.776.422'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D08.811.682'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Excretory/secretory products of plerocercoids of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei induce the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA in murine hepatocytes.
|
In this study, we observed the level of normal murine hepatocyte inducible NOS (iNOS) mRNA by semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (SQ-PCR) analysis after stimulation with ES products (ESP) and/or ESP fractions from the plerocercoids. We found that ESP are able to induce the expression of iNOS gene in a dose-dependent fashion. Treatment of ESP with polymyxin B did not affect their ability to induce the expression of iNOS gene, suggesting that bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is not involved. The iNOS-inducing factor (a) is soluble, and may be a component whose molecular mass exceeds 94 kDa as analyzed by a combination of SDS-PAGE and SQ-PCR. The peak of iNOS mRNA level was detected 3 h after stimulation with ESP; the mRNA level decreased sharply from 9 h. Dexamethasone inhibited the induction of mRNA for hepatocyte iNOS. In contrast, cycloheximide stimulated the induction; this suggests that de nova protein synthesis is important in the regulation of the ESP-induced expression of iNOS mRNA. Actinomycin D blocked the induction. In addition, the results of Northern blot analysis showed that ESP suppressed the LPS (10 micrograms/ml) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma, 100 U/ml)-induced hepatocyte iNOS mRNA expression in a dose-dependent fashion and the suppressing effect was more marked when hepatocytes were exposed to ESP 3 h prior to LPS and IFN-gamma. These results demonstrate that the soluble factor(s) of ESP is capable of inducing murine iNOS gene expression in hepatocytes in the absence of added cytokines.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cycloheximide', 'Dactinomycin', 'Dexamethasone', 'Enzyme Induction', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred ICR', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Spirometra']
| 9,184,928
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['D03.383.621.808.240'], ['D03.633.300.200', 'D04.345.566.252', 'D12.644.641.252'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.344', 'D04.210.500.908.238'], ['G05.308.320.200'], ['G05.308'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.510', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.510'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.500.500.736.215.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pseudo-occlusions of the internal carotid artery: a rationale for treatment on the basis of a modified carotid duplex scan protocol.
|
PURPOSE: We report on a modified duplex scanning technique that may be a means of detecting a patent internal carotid artery (ICA) previously believed to be occluded by means of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), standard duplex protocols, or both. In addition, we attempted to develop selection criteria for operability in this setting, on the basis of the lumen diameter and wall thickness of the post-stenotic ICA segment.METHOD: In the past 22 months, 17 patients (12 men; 5 women) with ICA occlusions reported by means of MRA (10 patients) or by means of duplex scanning (7 patients) were found to have patent arteries when subjected to this duplex scanning protocol: (1) the use of low pulse repetition frequency (150-350 Hz), maximal persistence, and sensitivity of color and power angiography modes; (2) the use of an 8-MHz to 5-MHz probe as a means of visualizing the most distal extracranial segment of the ICA; and (3) measurements of the lumen diameter and wall thickness of the post-stenotic ICA. The age of patients ranged from 53 to 80 years (mean age, 71 years). Seven patients (41%) had no symptoms.RESULTS: Extremely low peak systolic and end-diastolic velocities were detected distal to the stenotic segment in the ICA in all cases, and they varied from 5 to 30 cm/s (mean, 14 plus minus 8 cm/s) and 0 to 8 cm/s (mean, 4.5 plus minus 2.0 cm/s), respectively. The luminal diameter of the post-stenotic ICA varied from 0.7 to 3.6 mm (mean, 2.0 plus minus 1.1 mm), and the wall thickness ranged from 0.6 to 1.4 mm (mean, 0.9 plus minus 0.3 mm) in all patients. Twelve patients (71%) were examined with the intent of performing an endarterectomy. Of these, eight patients (47%) underwent successful operations with patches (3 vein; 5 synthetic), and four (29%) were found to have unreconstructable disease. The ICA lumen diameter and wall thickness in all eight patients who underwent endarterectomies were 2 mm or larger and 1 mm or thinner, respectively, whereas they were smaller than 2 mm and thicker than 1 mm, respectively, in the remaining four patients (P <.01). The last five patients were observed because they had small ICAs (lumen <2 mm) with thickened walls (>1 mm). Intraoperative and early postoperative duplex scanning examinations were performed in the eight ICAs that were successfully reconstructed. In these patients, the ICA lumen diameter increased from a mean of 2.9 plus minus 0.4 mm preoperatively to a mean of 4.4 plus minus 0.3 mm 2 weeks postoperatively (P <.001). Intraoperative ICA flow volumes were also measured after the endarterectomy, and they varied from 55 to 242 mL/min (mean, 115 plus minus 53 mL/min) and ranged from 122 to 220 mL/min (mean, 159 plus minus 34 mL/min) 2 weeks postoperatively. One patient who did not undergo surgical exploration died of chronic renal failure and congestive heart failure within the first month of follow-up. The remaining 16 patients had no neurological symptoms and were alive after a follow-up period of 2 to 22 months (mean, 8 plus minus 5 months).CONCLUSION: The proposed duplex protocol appears to be an effective means of identifying some patients with patent ICAs that were believed to be occluded by means of standard examinations. In addition, such patients may be candidates for an endarterectomy if the ICA post-stenotic lumen diameter is 2 mm or larger and the wall thickness is 1 mm or thinner.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Carotid Artery, Internal', 'Carotid Stenosis', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Endarterectomy, Carotid', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Heart Failure', 'Humans', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'New York', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Survival Analysis', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex']
| 11,854,733
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['A07.015.114.186.200.230'], ['C10.228.140.300.200.360', 'C14.907.137.230', 'C14.907.253.123.360'], ['E02.186'], ['E04.100.814.456.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C14.280.434'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.437', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E01.370.350.850.850.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Ethics report on interspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer research.
|
This report considers whether research involving the creation of human-animal interspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer (iSCNT) embryos raises new ethical issues, and if so, whether it requires additional or special criteria and oversight distinct from research on human-animal chimeras.
|
['Biomedical Research', 'Blastocyst', 'Embryo Culture Techniques', 'Embryonic Development', 'Embryonic Stem Cells', 'Genetic Research', 'Humans', 'Nuclear Transfer Techniques']
| 19,570,511
|
[['H01.770.644.145'], ['A16.254.500'], ['E05.481.500.468'], ['G07.345.500.325.180', 'G08.686.784.170.104'], ['A11.872.700.250'], ['H01.158.273.343.249', 'H01.770.644.145.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.200.500.380.500', 'E05.393.085.500', 'E05.820.540']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Apraclonidine attenuates the increases in spinal excitatory amino acid release in rats with adjuvant-induced inflammation.
|
UNLABELLED: The release of excitatory amino acids (EAAs), nitric oxide, and prostaglandins plays a critical role in the development of peripheral tactile and thermal hypersensitivity after the induction of knee joint inflammation. In this study, we used a model of chronic spinal microdialysis to examine the effect of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammation on the spinal release of EAAs and also assessed the antinociceptive effect of a new alpha(2)-adrenergic agonist, apraclonidine, by using this model. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were implanted with microdialysis catheters. CFA was injected into the plantar surface of the left hindpaw to induce inflammation. Concentrations of amino acids in dialysate and thermal and tactile withdrawal latency were evaluated for 1 wk. Intraplantar injection of CFA evoked a significant release of glutamate, aspartate, and citrulline for 6 days. Three milligrams of intraperitoneal apraclonidine significantly suppressed the release of EAAs and citrulline. Apraclonidine was given intraperitoneally 2--3 days after CFA injection. Prominent thermal and tactile allodynia was observed for 6 days. Our results show that the significant modulatory effect of the alpha(2)-adrenergic agonist apraclonidine on the release of EAAs may account for its antinociceptive properties in adjuvant-induced inflammation.IMPLICATIONS: This study showed a novel finding that the hypersensitivity state seems to be dependent on increased release of spinal excitatory amino acids (EAAs), and the significant modulatory effect of the alpha(2)-adrenergic agonist apraclonidine on the release of spinal EAAs accounts for its analgesic properties in adjuvant-induced inflammation.
|
['Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists', 'Adrenergic alpha-Agonists', 'Animals', 'Arthritis, Experimental', 'Clonidine', 'Excitatory Amino Acids', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Spinal Cord']
| 11,867,401
|
[['D27.505.519.625.050.100.100.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.100.100.200'], ['D27.505.519.625.050.100.100', 'D27.505.696.577.050.100.100'], ['B01.050'], ['C05.550.114.015', 'E05.598.500.249'], ['D03.383.129.308.436.500'], ['D12.125.427'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['A08.186.854']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The effect of adolescence and advanced maternal age on the incidence of complete and partial molar pregnancy.
|
OBJECTIVE: To compare the age-specific incidence of complete (CM) and partial molar (PM) pregnancy in a large tertiary care center in the United States.METHODS: Incidence rates of CM and PM per 10,000 live births were calculated using databases from Brigham and Women's Hospital, between 2000 and 2013. Age-specific rates were calculated for women younger than 20 years old (adolescents), 20-39 years old (average age), and 40 years and older (advanced maternal age). Pearson ÷(2) test was used to evaluate potential differences among groups. Rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to compare risk of molar pregnancy among average age women with that of adolescents and women of advanced age. Holm-Bonferonni adjustment was used to correct for multiple comparisons.RESULTS: Between 2000 and 2013, there were 255 molar pregnancies (140 CM and 115 PM) and 105,942 live births, corresponding to a molar pregnancy rate of 24 per 10,000 live births (95% CI 21-27). Rates of CM and PM were 13 (95% CI 11-16) and 11 (95% CI 9-14) per 10,000 live births respectively. The incidence of CM differed significantly among maternal age groups (p<0.001). Compared to average age women, adolescents were 7.0 times as likely to develop CM (95% CI 3.6-8.9, p<0.001), and women with advanced maternal age were nearly twice as likely (1.9, 95% CI 1.8-4.7, p=0.002). The rate of PM did not vary significantly among age groups (p=0.26).CONCLUSIONS: Adolescence and advanced maternal age were associated with increased risk of complete mole, but not partial mole.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hydatidiform Mole', 'Incidence', 'Maternal Age', 'Pregnancy', 'United States', 'Young Adult']
| 26,777,992
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.465.955.416.812', 'C04.850.908.416.750', 'C13.703.720.949.416.875'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['G08.686.560', 'N05.715.350.075.550', 'N06.850.490.250.550'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Ganoderiol A-enriched extract suppresses migration and adhesion of MDA-MB-231 cells by inhibiting FAK-SRC-paxillin cascade pathway.
|
Cell adhesion, migration and invasion are critical steps for carcinogenesis and cancer metastasis. Ganoderma lucidum, also called Lingzhi in China, is a traditional Chinese medicine, which exhibits anti-proliferation, anti-inflammation and anti-metastasis properties. Herein, GAEE, G. lucidum extract mainly contains ganoderiol A (GA), dihydrogenated GA and GA isomer, was shown to inhibit the abilities of adhesion and migration, while have a slight influence on that of invasion in highly metastatic breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells at non-toxic doses. Further investigation revealed that GAEE decreased the active forms of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and disrupted the interaction between FAK and SRC, which lead to deactivating of paxillin. Moreover, GAEE treatment downregulated the expressions of RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42, and decreased the interaction between neural Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome protein (N-WASP) and Cdc42, which impair cell migration and actin assembly. To our knowledge, this is the first report to show that G.lucidum triterpenoids could suppress cell migration and adhesion through FAK-SRC-paxillin signaling pathway. Our study also suggests that GAEE may be a potential agent for treatment of breast cancer.
|
['Actins', 'Apoptosis', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Cycle Checkpoints', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Female', 'Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'Humans', 'Paxillin', 'Phosphorylation', 'Polysaccharides', 'Protein Binding', 'Signal Transduction', 'rho GTP-Binding Proteins', 'src-Family Kinases']
| 24,204,647
|
[['D05.750.078.730.250', 'D12.776.210.500.100', 'D12.776.220.525.255'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['G04.022'], ['G04.144.109'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.049', 'D12.644.360.287', 'D12.776.476.287'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.360.024.316', 'D12.776.157.057.092', 'D12.776.476.024.397', 'D12.776.512.374', 'D12.776.744.665'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D09.698'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.700', 'D12.644.360.525.700', 'D12.776.157.325.515.700', 'D12.776.476.525.700'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Preliminary development and evaluation of online tobacco and alcohol modules for dental students.
|
Tobacco use and heavy alcohol consumption are major risk factors for the development of oral and pharyngeal cancer (OPC). Detection and modification of these risks by dentists are keys in preventing OPC. While dentists are encouraged to screen patients for tobacco and alcohol use and educate them about the oral health risks they pose, dental students receive little formalized training in this area. This pilot project was designed to develop and evaluate two online training modules for dental students: one on tobacco and oral health risk factors, and one on methods of alcohol screening. Results indicated that online tobacco/alcohol education for dental students is feasible. The modules resulted in meaningful improvement in dental students' knowledge of tobacco and alcohol use as well as alcohol screening methods. The alcohol module resulted in statistically significant increases in intention to screen patients for alcohol use and in comfort level in performing alcohol screening.
|
['Alcohol Drinking', 'Computer-Assisted Instruction', 'Curriculum', 'Education, Dental', 'Education, Distance', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Female', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Linear Models', 'Male', 'Mass Screening', 'Mouth Neoplasms', 'Oropharyngeal Neoplasms', 'Pilot Projects', 'Program Development', 'Program Evaluation', 'South Carolina', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Tobacco Use Cessation', 'Tobacco Use Disorder', 'User-Computer Interface']
| 21,642,525
|
[['F01.145.317.269'], ['I02.903.771.500.208'], ['I02.158'], ['I02.358.274'], ['I02.195'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['C04.588.443.591', 'C07.465.530'], ['C04.588.443.665.710.684', 'C07.550.745.671', 'C09.647.710.685', 'C09.775.549.685'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['N04.452.760'], ['E05.337.820', 'N04.761.685', 'N05.715.360.650'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.662', 'Z01.107.567.875.750.700'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['F01.145.488.750'], ['C25.775.912', 'F03.900.912'], ['L01.224.900.910']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Retinal photoreceptors of Syrian hamsters undergo oxidative stress during streptozotocin-induced diabetes.
|
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this study was to verify whether retinal photoreceptors, like other tissues, are subject to oxidative stress during diabetes.METHODS: Oxidative stress was monitored by the oxidation of preloaded dehydrorhodamine 123 into fluorescent rhodamine 123, during a period of intense illumination of isolated rod retinal receptor cells. These were obtained from 22 Syrian hamsters injected with streptozotocin (50 mg/kg body weight., intraperitoneal route) 90 days before the study began. Eleven hamsters were treated daily with melatonin (0.4 mg/kg body wt., per os), an antioxidant synthesized within photoreceptors. Isolated photoreceptors were bathed on the stage of a Leitz Orthoplan microscope, where the fluorescent lamp also served as the light stimulus (485 nm). Fluorescence irradiance was measured by photometry and stored in a personal computer for further analysis.RESULTS: The light-induced oxidant production greatly decreased and was also delayed in the streptozotocin-injected hamsters compared with the control hamsters matched for age. Similar effects were obtained in control photoreceptors after 40 min incubation with 2-2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride, a potent lipoperoxidation inducer. The effect of melatonin was to partially restore the light-induced fluorescence response.CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION: The depression of the light-induced oxidative response in diabetic photoreceptors could be ascribed to a hyperglycaemia-induced background of oxidative stress whereby the light-oxidizable substrate is actually lowered. Melatonin induces a larger fluorescence response during illumination, probably as a consequence of its antioxidant effect during diabetes, which would provide more oxidizable lipids.
|
['Amidines', 'Animals', 'Antioxidants', 'Blood Glucose', 'Body Weight', 'Cholesterol', 'Cricetinae', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Kinetics', 'Light', 'Lipid Peroxidation', 'Melatonin', 'Mesocricetus', 'Oxidants', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate', 'Triglycerides']
| 11,845,231
|
[['D02.078'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['C18.452.394.750.074', 'C19.246.240', 'E05.598.500.374'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['G02.111.515', 'G03.295.531.587'], ['D03.633.100.473.914.481', 'D06.472.506'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.500'], ['D27.720.642', 'D27.888.569.540'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['A08.675.650.850.625.670', 'A08.675.650.915.937.670', 'A08.800.950.937.670', 'A09.371.729.831.625.670', 'A11.671.650.850.625.670', 'A11.671.650.915.937.670'], ['D10.351.801']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Oral health status of the disabled compared with that of the non-disabled in Korea: A propensity score matching analysis.
|
BACKGROUND: There are many types of disabilities, and each type has a variety related to socioeconomic factors. Such factors affect to many health problems of the disabled. However, surveys of the oral health status of the disabled in Korea are rare.OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to estimate oral health disparity through comparing oral health status of the disabled to the non-disabled, adjusted for the net effect of the disability on oral health status.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the disabled in urban and suburban areas in Korea from June to September 2016. People with physical, mental, and multiple disabilities took part in this survey. The clinical examinations were carried out by trained dentists. Statistical analysis was performed to quantify the association between oral health and socioeconomic status after restricting the analysis using a propensity score matching method.RESULTS: The disabled had more DMFT, DT, and MT, fewer FT, and fewer teeth than the non-disabled based on entire groups (P<0.01). No difference in the ratio of periodontitis was observed. The subjects with mental disabilities (MD) scored 3.09 (95% CI, 1.07-8.97), and those with multiple disabilities scored 4.37 (95% CI, 1.16-16.37) for edentulous status. The MD had an odds ratio of 1.34 (95% CI, 1.03-1.74), and those with multiple disabilities had an odds ratio of 1.75 (95% CI, 1.11-2.76) for the DMFT index.CONCLUSIONS: These results represent poor oral health status of the disabled compared to the non-disabled. Consequentially, we can verify that not only the existence of disability but also the type of disability has a decisive effect on oral health condition. This comparison is necessary to widen our approach to evaluate the actual status condition of the disabled.
|
['Adult', 'Age Distribution', 'Dental Caries', 'Disabled Persons', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Mouth, Edentulous', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Oral Health', 'Propensity Score', 'Republic of Korea', 'Risk Factors']
| 30,640,962
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['C07.793.720.210'], ['M01.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['C07.465.550', 'C07.793.597'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['N01.400.535'], ['E05.318.740.600.675', 'N05.715.360.750.625.620', 'N06.850.520.830.600.650'], ['Z01.252.474.557.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is affected in a maf1-1 mutant with altered tRNA synthesis.
|
tRNA isopentenylation is a branch of an isoprenoid pathway in yeast. There is a competition for a substrate between isoprenoid biosynthetic enzyme Erg20p and tRNA isopentenyltransferase. Here we studied the direct effect of elevated tRNA biosynthesis on ERG20 expression. The maf1-1 mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that has enhanced cellular tRNA levels was used. We show that both ERG20 transcript and Erg20 protein levels are increased in maf1-1. Additionally, maf1-1 leads to decreased ergosterol content in the cells. These effects of maf1-1 are dependent on functional tRNA isopentenyltransferase. Our results indicate that a complex regulation of the isoprenoid pathway involves also an effect of changes in tRNA biosynthesis.
|
['Alkyl and Aryl Transferases', 'Blotting, Northern', 'Ergosterol', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal', 'Mutation', 'Polyisoprenyl Phosphates', 'RNA, Transfer', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Transcription Factors']
| 12,702,319
|
[['D08.811.913.225'], ['E05.196.401.095', 'E05.301.300.074', 'E05.601.100'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.537'], ['D12.776.354'], ['G05.308.330'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D02.455.849.690', 'D02.705.400.725'], ['D13.444.735.757'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['D12.776.930']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Electrophysiological properties of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells.
|
Human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hASCs) represent a potentially valuable cell source for clinical therapeutic applications. The present study was designed to investigate properties of ionic channel currents present in undifferentiated hASCs and their impact on hASCs proliferation. The functional ion channels in hASCs were analyzed by whole-cell patch-clamp recording and their mRNA expression levels detected by RT-PCR. Four types of ion channels were found to be present in hASCs: most of the hASCs (73%) showed a delayed rectifier-like K(+) current (I(KDR)); Ca(2+)-activated K(+) current (I(KCa)) was detected in examined cells; a transient outward K(+) current (I(to)) was recorded in 19% of the cells; a small percentage of cells (8%) displayed a TTX-sensitive transient inward sodium current (I(Na.TTX)). RT-PCR results confirmed the presence of ion channels at the mRNA level: Kv1.1, Kv2.1, Kv1.5, Kv7.3, Kv11.1, and hEAG1, possibly encoding I(KDR); MaxiK, KCNN3, and KCNN4 for I(KCa); Kv1.4, Kv4.1, Kv4.2, and Kv4.3 for I(to) and hNE-Na for I(Na.TTX). The I(KDR) was inhibited by tetraethyl ammonium (TEA) and 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), which significantly reduced the proliferation of hASCs in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05), as suggested by bromodeoxyurindine (BrdU) incorporation. Other selective potassium channel blockers, including linopiridine, iberiotoxin, clotrimazole, and apamin also significantly inhibited I(KDR). TTX completely abolished I(Na.TTX). This study demonstrates for the first time that multiple functional ion channel currents such as I(KDR), I(KCa), I(to), and I(Na.TTX) are present in undifferentiated hASCs and their potential physiological function in these cells as a basic understanding for future in vitro experiments and in vivo clinical investigations.
|
['Adipose Tissue', 'Adult Stem Cells', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Survival', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Delayed Rectifier Potassium Channels', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Humans', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Patch-Clamp Techniques', 'Potassium', 'Potassium Channel Blockers', 'Potassium Channels, Calcium-Activated', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sodium', 'Sodium Channel Blockers', 'Sodium Channels', 'Tetrodotoxin']
| 17,687,001
|
[['A10.165.114'], ['A11.872.040'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['G04.152'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G04.346'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600.900.124', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750.900.124', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750.900.124'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['E05.200.500.905', 'E05.242.800'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['D27.505.519.562.500', 'D27.505.954.411.645'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600.150', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750.150', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750.150'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['D27.505.519.562.750', 'D27.505.954.411.720'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.875', 'D12.776.543.550.450.875', 'D12.776.543.585.400.875'], ['D03.633.100.786.910', 'D23.946.580.910']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.