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Providing and Receiving Sexual Assault Disclosures: Findings From a Sexually Diverse Sample of Young Adults.
|
This study utilized a sample of primarily lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer (LGBQ)-identified young adults from across the United States to pilot test a new instrument, the Reactions Provided to Disclosures Questionnaire (RPDQ), and assess the disclosure experience for both those who provide and those who receive disclosures of sexual assault. Results indicate that the experience of sexual assault disclosure in the LGBQ community is similar to the heterosexual community in that most victims disclose their assaults, most often to a friend, and were most likely to receive the reaction Emotional Support. Victims were also likely to receive the reaction Victim Blaming, especially if they disclosed to formal sources, such as law enforcement, medical, or religious personnel. This study also examined the relationship between the types of assault experienced and disclosure reactions received. Experiencing an anal assault was significantly associated with Victim Blaming reactions. A central aim of this study was to examine how respondents who received (rather than provided) a disclosure reacted, a question not been adequately addressed in prior literature. The RPDQ (a modification of Ullman's Social Reactions Questionnaire), which was piloted here, factored in to five types of reactions: Emotional Support, Affectionate Support, Empathetic Support, Tangible Aid and Information Support, and Egocentric Reactions. Sexual assault survivors were more likely to report that they provided Emotional Support and Affectionate Support after receiving a disclosure than were nonsurvivors.
|
['Adult', 'Bisexuality', 'Crime Victims', 'Disclosure', 'Female', 'Friends', 'Homosexuality, Female', 'Humans', 'Law Enforcement', 'Male', 'Pilot Projects', 'Sex Offenses', 'Sexual and Gender Minorities', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'United States', 'Young Adult']
| 27,036,156
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.802.975.200', 'G08.686.867.200'], ['M01.135'], ['F01.829.401.046', 'I01.880.604.583.080.134', 'L01.143.335'], ['M01.252'], ['F01.145.802.975.500.400', 'G08.686.867.500.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.880.604.594'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['I01.198.240.748'], ['M01.777'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The gene for the ligand binding chain of the human interferon gamma receptor.
|
In order to characterize the gene encoding the ligand binding (1(st); alpha) chain of the human IFN-gamma receptor, two overlapping cosmid clones were analyzed. The gene spans over 25 kilobases (kb) of the genomic DNA and has seven exons. The extracellular domain is encoded by exons 1 to 5 and by part of exon 6. The transmembrane region is also encoded by exon 6. Exon 7 encodes the intracellular domain and the 3' untranslated portion. The gene was located on chromosome 6q23.1, as determined by in situ hybridization. The 4 kb region upstream (5') of the gene was sequenced and analyzed for promoter activity. No consensus-matching TATA or CAAT boxes in the 5' region were found. Potential binding sites for Sp1, AP-1, AP-2, and CREB nuclear factors were identified. Compatible with the presence of the Sp1/AP-2 sites and the lack of TATA box, S1-nuclease mapping experiments showed multiple transcription initiation sites. Promoter activity of the 5' flanking region was analyzed with two different reporter genes: the Escherichia coli chloramphenicol acetyltransferase and human growth hormone. The smallest 5' region of the gene that still had full promoter activity was 692 base pairs in length. In addition, we found sequences belonging to the oldest family of Alu repeats, 2 - 3 kb upstream of the gene, which could be useful for genetic studies.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Genome, Human', 'Humans', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Ligands', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Receptors, Interferon']
| 9,089,099
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['E05.393.183'], ['G05.360.340.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.400']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Human kininogens regulate thrombin binding to platelets through the glycoprotein Ib-IX-V complex.
|
We and others have shown that both high and low molecular mass kininogens are able to inhibit the thrombin-induced aggregation of gel-filtered platelets, indicating that the locus for inhibition resides in the heavy chain. The inhibitory site is present in domain 3, confined to the C-terminal portion of the region encoded by exon 7 (K270-G292), and the minimal effective sequence is a heptapeptide (L271-A277; Kunapuli et al, J Biol Chem 271:11228, 1996). Kininogens inhibit thrombin binding to platelets and thus inhibit thrombin-induced aggregation. The molecular mechanism by which kininogens inhibit thrombin-induced aggregation of platelets is unknown. Thrombin has previously been shown to bind to two receptors on the platelet surface, glycoprotein (GP) Ib-IX-V complex and the hepta-spanning transmembrane receptor coupled to G protein(s). We now show that, unlike its effect on normal platelets, kininogen (2 micromol/L) did not inhibit the thrombin-induced aggregation of Bernard-Soulier platelets, which lack the GP Ib-IX-V complex, suggesting that kininogen interacts either directly or indirectly with that complex and restricts access by thrombin to this receptor. We further show that both recombinant K270-G292 polypeptide and the synthetic peptide L271-A277 derived from high molecular mass kininogen lower thrombin binding to platelets in a manner similar to monoclonal antibodies to or ligands (von Willebrand factor and echicetin) of GP Ib-IX. The anti-GP Ib-IX-V complex antibodies, TM-60 and SZ 2, can inhibit 125I-high molecular mass kininogen binding to platelets. Conversely, kininogen could block the binding of biotinylated TM-60 or of 125I-SZ 2. Kininogen inhibited the binding of biotinylated thrombin bound to a mouse fibroblast cell line transfected with the GP Ib-IX-V complex. These results indicated that kininogen binds to the GP Ib-IX-V complex modulating thrombin binding to platelets and the consequent platelet aggregation. Kininogen can thus serve as an important regulator of the early stages of platelet stimulation by thrombin.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Bernard-Soulier Syndrome', 'Blood Platelets', 'Cell Line', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Humans', 'Kininogens', 'Mice', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Peptides', 'Platelet Aggregation', 'Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors', 'Platelet Glycoprotein GPIb-IX Complex', 'Thrombin', 'Transfection']
| 9,269,768
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['C15.378.100.100.080', 'C15.378.140.120', 'C15.378.463.080', 'C16.320.099.080'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['A11.251.210'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.812.654', 'D12.776.124.125.635', 'D12.776.467.812.654', 'D12.776.811.420', 'D23.119.630', 'D23.469.050.375.425', 'D23.529.812.654'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.644.541'], ['D12.644'], ['G09.188.370.687', 'G09.188.390.600.640'], ['D27.505.954.502.780'], ['D12.776.395.550.625.460', 'D12.776.543.550.625.460', 'D12.776.543.750.705.675.568'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.855', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.855', 'D12.776.124.125.890', 'D23.119.960'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Analysis of clinical factors for the efficacy of TPF in treating hypopharyngeal carcinoma].
|
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the clinical effect of TPF regimen in the treatment of hypopharyngeal carcinoma and explore various clinical factors affecting treatment efficacy.METHOD: The clinical data of 20 cases with hypopharyngeal carcinoma, who received TPF treatment, were analyzed retrospectively. After two courses of chemotherapy, based on radiographic outcomes, next treatment plan was developed. To sum up the clinical information, including the clinical type, patterns of tumor growth, pathologic type, tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, age and so on. To analyze possible influencing factors affecting curative effect.RESULT: (1) After 20 cases with hypopharyngeal carcinoma received two courses of TPF treatment, the effect was evaluated. Objective response rate was 65%. (2) In patients with hypopharyngeal carcinoma, the efficacy of TPF therapy was significantly related to the clinical type, patterns of tumor growth and pathologic type; there was no statistical significance in tumor stage, lymph node metastasis and age.CONCLUSION: According to the clinical type, patterns of tumor growth and pathologic type of hypopharyngeal carcinoma, resistance to chemotherapy in hypopharyngeal carcinoma can be assessed, which provides important basis for designing individualized treatment plan.
|
['Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Cisplatin', 'Fluorouracil', 'Humans', 'Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Taxoids', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 26,999,841
|
[['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['D01.210.375', 'D01.625.125', 'D01.710.100'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.443.665.710.485', 'C07.550.745.436', 'C09.647.710.485', 'C09.775.549.485'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888', 'D02.455.849.291.850'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Sensations, cognitions and the perception of cues associated with expected and unexpected panic attacks.
|
Panic attacks may be perceived by patients as either cued or uncued (spontaneous) and either expected or unexpected. The purpose of the present study was to examine the prevalence and characteristics of these types of panic. Twenty-six panic disorder patients with mild avoidance and 18 with moderate or severe avoidance were instructed to complete a questionnaire during or immediately following each of three consecutive naturally occurring panic attacks they experienced. They were asked to rate the extent to which they expected the panic attack to occur, whether they felt it was associated with an external panic "cue" (e.g. a shopping mall), whether they would expect to panic again in similar circumstances, their mood, present level of life stress, and fear and severity of their body sensations and disturbing cognitions. Results indicated that from a sample of 92 questionnaires, each representing a separate panic, nearly 70% of panic attacks were rated as cued-expected and only one panic was rated as uncued-expected. The other two categories each comprised about 15% of all panic attacks. There were few reported differences in body sensations and cognitions reported as a function of type of panic and no differences with regard to extent of agoraphobic avoidance. Expected panic was associated with a higher expectation of future panic in similar circumstances.
|
['Adult', 'Agoraphobia', 'Arousal', 'Cues', 'Fear', 'Humans', 'Panic', 'Perception', 'Phobic Disorders', 'Sensation', 'Set, Psychology', 'Thinking']
| 2,930,445
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F03.080.100'], ['F02.830.104', 'G11.561.035'], ['F02.463.425.234'], ['F01.470.361'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.470.361.585'], ['F02.463.593'], ['F03.080.725'], ['F02.830.816', 'G11.561.790'], ['F02.463.425.838'], ['F02.463.785']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Facile preparation of ultra-large pore mesoporous silica nanoparticles and their application to the encapsulation of large guest molecules.
|
Pore-enlarged mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were prepared directly from as-prepared MSNs through a new, simple method using divalent Ca or Mg salts as both efficient silica etching reagents and as ion exchangers in methanolic solution under mild conditions. The resultant MSNs became almost template-free simultaneously during this etching process. The pore-enlarged MSNs, referred to as Ca-MSN or Mg-MSN, maintained their original hexagonal pore symmetry and particle sizes, but several ultra-large mesopores were generated inside and outside the MSNs together with regular mesopores having expanded pore dimension of around 4-5 nm. The average pore diameters for ultra-large pores were 47.5 nm for Ca-MSN and 52.4 nm for Mg-MSN. The generation of ultra-large pores can be regarded as the collapse of several mesopores into an ultra-large pore. Both Ca-MSN and Mg-MSN were good sorbents for positively charged porphyrin molecules. Additionally, these ultra-large pore MSNs exhibited better adsorption ability than calcined MSN for large proteins and antibodies, such as bovine serum albumin (BSA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG).
|
['Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Nanoparticles', 'Nanotechnology', 'Porosity', 'Silicon Dioxide', 'Static Electricity', 'Thermogravimetry', 'X-Ray Diffraction']
| 24,447,071
|
[['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['J01.637.512.600'], ['H01.603', 'J01.897.520.600'], ['G01.374.710'], ['D01.578.750', 'D01.650.550.825', 'D01.837.725'], ['G01.358.500.249.820'], ['E05.196.904'], ['E05.196.309.742', 'E05.196.822.950', 'G01.867.950', 'G02.965']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Is emotional functioning related to academic achievement among university students? Results from a cross-sectional Iranian sample.
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OBJECTIVE: Whereas several studies have predicted academic achievement (AA) as a function of favorable cognitive factors and low negative emotional functioning (such as depression and anxiety), little is known about its associations with cognitive-emotional states of positive emotional functioning, such as social satisfaction. The present study sought to evaluate associations of AA with dimensions of negative and positive emotional functioning.METHOD: This cross-sectional study enrolled 275 students (mean age, 21.24 years; 66.1% females), who completed questionnaires covering sociodemographic parameters and AA scores, as well as measures of loneliness and depression (representing negative emotional functioning) and social satisfaction (representing positive emotional functioning).RESULTS: Lower scores for negative and higher scores for positive emotional functioning were associated with higher AA scores. Multiple regression analysis showed that AA was predicted independently by both low negative and high positive emotional functioning. No gender differences were observed.CONCLUSIONS: The pattern of results observed in this study suggests that opposing dimensions of emotional functioning are independently related to AA. Students, educators, and health professionals dealing with students should focus both on increasing social satisfaction and on decreasing feelings of loneliness and depression.
|
['Academic Success', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Depression', 'Emotions', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Iran', 'Loneliness', 'Male', 'Personal Satisfaction', 'Self-Assessment', 'Social Justice', 'Students', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Universities', 'Young Adult']
| 29,538,489
|
[['I02.399.136.500'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['F01.470'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401'], ['Z01.252.245.500.350'], ['F01.470.713', 'I01.880.853.748.435'], ['F01.145.677'], ['F01.752.747.792.537'], ['I01.880.604.473.700', 'K01.752.566.479.830.750', 'N03.706.437.700', 'N05.350.958.750'], ['M01.848'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['I02.783.830', 'J03.832.830'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Effect of banxia xiexin decoction and its components on coefficient of variability of slow wave electrogastric rhythm in rats with electrogastric dysrhythmia].
|
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of Banxia Xiexin Decoction (BD) and its components in the rats with electrogastric dysrhythmia, explore the mechanism of BD' s "relieving distension and fullness, and dissolving lumps" and study BD' s compatibility regularity.METHODS: Rat model of electrogastric dysrhythmia was established, the effects of BD and its components on the coefficient of variability of the model' s slow wave electrogastric rhythm were determined.RESULTS: Compared with the model group, BD and all the components groups had better effects on all the aspects (P <0. 05 ), Among which the group containing herbs with pungent and bitter flavour (Rhizoma Pinelliae, Rhizoma Zingiberis, Radix Scutellariae, Radix Berberidis julianae) was the best.CONCLUSION: BD and all the components have the effects of rectifying electrogastric dysrhythmias in various degrees, and the herbs with pungent and bitter flavour are best. This study provides the experimental foundations for further understanding the mechanism of BD' s treating principle-using bitter drugs for purgation and pungent drugs for dispersion, normalizing the functional activities of qi.
|
['Animals', 'Digestive System', 'Electrodiagnosis', 'Gastrointestinal Motility', 'Medicine, Chinese Traditional', 'Myoelectric Complex, Migrating', 'Plant Extracts', 'Rats', 'Stomach Diseases']
| 17,569,347
|
[['B01.050'], ['A03'], ['E01.370.405'], ['G10.261.360'], ['E02.190.488.585.520', 'I01.076.201.450.654.558.520'], ['G07.265.675.775', 'G10.261.360.570', 'G11.427.494.730', 'G11.561.570.837'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['C06.405.748']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Generalized arterial calcification of infancy: treatment with bisphosphonates.
|
BACKGROUND: A baby girl developed respiratory distress immediately after birth and required supplemental oxygen. She was born at term via lower-segment cesarean section. The parents were nonconsanguineous, and antenatal ultrasonography during the pregnancy at 18 and 32 weeks of gestation did not reveal any abnormalities. On examination at birth, no pulses were palpable; however, the baby's blood pressure was normal and no remarkable abnormalities were detected. Ultrasonography revealed widespread arterial calcification.INVESTIGATIONS: Chest and abdominal radiography at birth and serial abdominal, renal and cardiac ultrasonography at follow-up examinations; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry during treatment with bisphosphonates; genetic screening.DIAGNOSIS: Generalized arterial calcification of infancy, secondary to compound, heterozygous mutations in the ENPP1 gene, pL661V and pE668K of the paternal chromosome, and pN792S in the maternal chromosome.MANAGEMENT: Low-dose disodium pamidronate (0.1 mg/kg per week for 4 weeks), which commenced on the seventh day after birth and was changed to oral risedronate sodium (1 mg/kg per week as a single dose) at 4 weeks of age. Complete resolution of arterial calcification was seen by 3 months of age. At 12 months, ergocalciferol was added at a dose of 5,000 U daily for 6 weeks, followed by 200 U daily owing to the patient's vitamin D deficiency and elevated parathyroid hormone level. Treatment with bisphosphonates is ongoing, but is planned to be discontinued at 3 years of age. The child has remained healthy and developmentally normal.
|
['Arteries', 'Calcinosis', 'Diphosphonates', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn']
| 19,229,237
|
[['A07.015.114'], ['C18.452.174.130'], ['D02.705.429.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Midwifery and obstetrics: Factors influencing mothers' satisfaction with the birth experience.
|
BACKGROUND: Satisfaction is a key component of the care experience and part of the health system "triple aim," along with improving population health and reducing per capita health care costs, the other two parts of the "triple aim." The objectives of the study were to examine birth-experience satisfaction among women in Ontario, Canada, who received care from midwives, family physicians, and obstetricians.METHODS: We used Statistics Canada's 2006 national Maternity Experiences Survey. The sample includes 1900 Ontario women and is, with appropriate weighting, representative of an estimated population of 29 700 women who gave birth in Ontario to a singleton baby during the study period. Information was collected on respondents' satisfaction with their health care providers, demographic characteristics, and a range of pregnancy, labor, birth, and postpartum experiences. We used logistic regression analysis to assess differences in patient/client satisfaction by type of health care provider.RESULTS: Women cared for by midwives were three times more likely to be satisfied with their care (OR 3.32 [95% CI 2.26-4.86]) when compared with obstetrician-led care. Depression symptoms, having to travel outside the respondents' community to give birth, and being born in an East Asian country were associated with lower levels of satisfaction.CONCLUSION: Given recent health system reforms emphasizing the importance of shifting from expensive acute hospital-based care to community-based care, our findings support empirically the importance of supporting women's access to midwifery services within their communities. Findings of ethnocultural differences in satisfaction with care can inform policy makers as health systems move to provide culturally appropriate care to increasingly diverse populations.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Depression, Postpartum', 'Female', 'Health Personnel', 'Humans', 'Income', 'Labor, Obstetric', 'Logistic Models', 'Maternal Health Services', 'Mothers', 'Ontario', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Pregnancy', 'Quality of Health Care', 'Young Adult']
| 29,687,481
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C13.703.844.253', 'F03.600.300.350'], ['M01.526.485', 'N02.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N01.824.417'], ['G08.686.784.769.326'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['N02.421.143.620', 'N02.421.800.500'], ['F01.829.263.500.320.200', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340.270', 'M01.620.630'], ['Z01.107.567.176.639'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['N04.761', 'N05.715'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Use of pharmacologically induced ejaculation to obtain semen from a stallion with a fractured radius.
|
Ejaculation was pharmacologically induced in a 13-year-old Quarter Horse stallion with a spiral fracture of the radius. The owners desired to have semen from the stallion frozen prior to euthanatizing the horse, but because of the debilitating injury, standard methods of semen collection could not be used. With the stallion standing quietly in a stall, a plastic collection bag was positioned over the stallion's penis, and clomipramine hydrochloride (2.2 mg/kg of body weight, IV) was administered. Fifty-five minutes later, xylazine hydrochloride (0.5 mg/kg, IV) was administered. The stallion ejaculated 2 minutes after xylazine administration. The semen sample was of low volume and had a high concentration of spermatozoa; however, motility of spermatazoa was poor and the semen was unacceptable for freezing. The stallion was euthanatized. Semen aspirated from the epididymis after euthanasia was of similar quality to that of the ejaculated sample. Pharmacologic induction of ejaculation can be useful for obtaining semen from stallions when standard techniques cannot be applied.
|
['Animals', 'Clomipramine', 'Cryopreservation', 'Ejaculation', 'Horses', 'Male', 'Radius Fractures', 'Semen', 'Semen Preservation', 'Specimen Handling', 'Sperm Count', 'Sperm Motility', 'Xylazine']
| 7,790,305
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.633.300.240.194'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160', 'E02.792.156', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160', 'E05.760.156'], ['G08.686.784.084'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472'], ['C26.088.268.556', 'C26.404.562'], ['A12.200.732'], ['E02.792.833.890', 'E05.760.833.890'], ['E01.370.225.998', 'E05.200.998'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.870', 'E01.370.225.992.624', 'E05.200.500.195.870', 'E05.200.992.624', 'E05.242.195.870', 'G04.140.870'], ['E01.370.225.992.812', 'E05.200.992.812', 'G04.198.750'], ['D02.886.665.985', 'D03.383.855.985']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Acute renal failure in the medical ICU still predictive of high mortality.
|
BACKGROUND: We aimed to determine the outcome and certain predictors of outcome for acute renal failure (ARF) in the medical intensive care unit (ICU) at Tygerberg Hospital.METHOD: We conducted a retrospective, single-centre cohort study over 12 months comprising all patients admitted to the medical ICU with all causes of renal failure or who developed renal failure following admission to the ICU.RESULTS: Of 198 medical patients admitted to the ICU, ARF occurred in 46 (23.2%). The leading cause of ARF was acute tubular necrosis. The ICU mortality for ARF patients was 47.8%, compared with 17.5% in ICU patients without ARF. Acute haemodialysis was performed in only 17.3% of the 46 ARF patients. Using Cox proportional hazard regression, we found that mean duration of stay (p<0.001), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (Apache II) score (p<0.001), mechanical ventilation (p<0.01), dialysis (p<0.04) and multi-organ failure (p<0.05) affected survival time.CONCLUSIONS: We found that ARF is still associated with a high mortality rate and longer duration of stay, higher Apache II score, and need for mechanical ventilation; dialysis and presence of multi-organ failure were indicators of a higher mortality rate.
|
['Acute Kidney Injury', 'Adult', 'Cause of Death', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Humans', 'Intensive Care Units', 'Kidney Tubular Necrosis, Acute', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'South Africa', 'Survival Rate', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 20,459,997
|
[['C12.777.419.780.050', 'C13.351.968.419.780.050'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.250', 'N01.224.935.698.100', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.250', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.400', 'N01.224.935.698.400', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.400', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.388.493'], ['C12.777.419.780.050.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.050.500'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['Z01.058.290.175.735'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Monitoring cardiac motion in CT using a continuous wave radar embedded in the patient table.
|
PURPOSE: To avoid motion artifacts, medical imaging devices are often synchronized with the patient's cardiac motion. Today, the ECG is used to determine the heartbeat and therewith trigger the imaging device. However, the ECG requires additional effort to prepare the patient, e.g., mount and wire electrodes and it is not able to determine the motion of the heart. An interesting alternative to assess the cardiac motion is continuous wave radar. The aim of this work is to evaluate such a radar system focusing on measuring the cardiac motion.METHODS: A radar system operating in the 860 MHz band is used. In the intended application of the radar system, the antennas are located close to the patient's body, for example, inside the table of a CT system. The radar waves propagate into the patient's body and are reflected at tissue boundaries, for example, at the borderline between muscle and adipose tissue, or at the boundaries of organs. Here, the authors focus on the detection of cardiac motion. The radar system consists of hardware as well as of dedicated signal processing software to extract the desired information from the radar signals. The radar system hardware and the signal processing algorithms were tested with data from ten volunteers. As a reference, the ECG was recorded simultaneously with the radar measurements. Additionally, ultrasound measurements are performed and compared with the motion information from the radar data.RESULTS: According to the authors' measurements on volunteers (test persons), the heartbeat and heart rate can be detected well using the proposed radar system. The authors were further able to extract the amplitude and phase of the heart motion itself from the radar data. This was confirmed by the ultrasound measurements. However, this motion assessment is dependent on the antenna position and it remains unclear which antenna sees the motion that is the most relevant to CT imaging.CONCLUSIONS: A continuous wave radar operating in the near field of the antennas can be used to determine the heartbeat and the cardiac motion of humans without special patient preparation. The authors' radar system is very close to the patient because it is embedded in the patient table, but it has no direct contact to the patient or to the patient skin (as it would be necessary to acquire the ECG of the patient). Therefore, radar motion monitoring does not require special patient preparation. In contrast to other methods used today, this is a significant improvement. The authors' radar system may allow to trigger a CT scan in dependency of the cardiac phase, without requiring an ECG, and it allows to determine quiet, and thus favorable, heart phases prior to the scan start.
|
['Adipose Tissue', 'Algorithms', 'Artifacts', 'Breath Holding', 'Cardiac Imaging Techniques', 'Echocardiography', 'Electrocardiography', 'Equipment Design', 'Female', 'Heart', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Motion', 'Pulse', 'Radar', 'Software', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 25,086,539
|
[['A10.165.114'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E05.047'], ['G09.772.705.349'], ['E01.370.350.130'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['E05.320'], ['A07.541'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.482'], ['E01.370.370.380.650', 'G09.330.380.750'], ['L01.178.847.500'], ['L01.224.900'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Doped calcium-aluminium-phosphate cements for biomedical applications.
|
Calcium-aluminium-phosphate cements (CAPCs) for biomedical applications, mainly intended for applications in the dental field as non-resorbable fillers, were obtained by reacting Ca-aluminates compounds, i.e. CaO·Al(2)O(3) (CA) and CaO·2 Al(2)O(3) (CA(2)), with Al(H(2)PO(4))(3) aqueous solution. Hydroxyapatite was also introduced as a bioactive dispersed phase. Suitable elements like Sr and La were used to increase the radiopacity of the set yielded pastes towards X-ray wavelength used in clinical diagnostic radiographic equipments. La and Sr doped Ca-aluminates powders have been synthesized by solid state reaction at 1,400°C from a mixture of CaCO(3), Al(2)O(3), La(2)O(3) and SrCO(3). The characteristics of the obtained powders were analyzed and related to the starting compositions and synthesis procedures. The microstructure, setting time, radiopacity and compressive strength of the CAPCs have been investigated and discussed.
|
['Aluminum Compounds', 'Biocompatible Materials', 'Bone Cements', 'Calcium', 'Calcium Compounds', 'Calcium Phosphates', 'Carbonates', 'Durapatite', 'Lanthanum', 'Materials Testing', 'Oxides', 'Powders', 'Strontium', 'Temperature', 'X-Ray Diffraction']
| 21,165,760
|
[['D01.056'], ['D25.130', 'D27.720.102.130', 'J01.637.051.130'], ['D05.750.716.822.300', 'D25.720.716.822.300', 'D27.720.102.158', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.300'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D01.146'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374.075', 'D01.146.360', 'D01.695.625.675.650.075'], ['D01.045.125', 'D01.200.275.150', 'D01.248.497.158.165'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374.075.025.300.150', 'D01.146.360.050.300.200', 'D01.578.122.477.300', 'D01.695.625.675.650.075.025.300.150'], ['D01.268.558.362.500', 'D01.552.550.399.500'], ['E05.570'], ['D01.248.497.158.685', 'D01.650.550'], ['D26.255.779'], ['D01.268.552.850', 'D01.268.556.825', 'D01.552.539.861', 'D01.552.544.825'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['E05.196.309.742', 'E05.196.822.950', 'G01.867.950', 'G02.965']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Bowenoid papulosis of the anal genital region: a new disease?].
|
A report is presented on a 28-year-old female patient who underwent surgery several times for recurring papuloverrucous alterations in the anal-genital region. Microscopically, acanthosis with bowenoid dysplasia was found. Electronmicroscopic examination showed similar alterations to those in Bowen's disease of the skin. No virus from skin lesions or from fluor vaginalis was found. This disease picture can be easily classified as the bowenoid papulosis of the anal-genital region which has been newly described in the last few years. The etiology is unknown at this time, and no definite prognosis is possible. The available observations are discussed and the therapeutic possibilities weighed.
|
['Adult', 'Anal Canal', "Bowen's Disease", 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Female', 'Genital Neoplasms, Female', 'Humans']
| 7,280,588
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A03.556.124.526.070', 'A03.556.249.249.070'], ['C04.557.470.200.400.130', 'C04.557.470.700.400.130'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['C04.588.945.418', 'C13.351.937.418'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
MR imaging of blood pool signal variation with cardiac phase in aortic dissection.
|
Electrocardiographic gated magnetic resonance imaging of the thoracic aorta was performed on a patient with aortic dissection. Magnetic resonance demonstrated the intimal flaps and double lumina, allowing correct classification of the dissection as proven surgically. The blood pool signal in the false lumen was low during diastole and higher during systole, which has not been previously described. This signal pattern allows definition of false luminal patency using a single spin-echo pulse sequence.
|
['Aged', 'Aneurysm, Dissecting', 'Aorta, Thoracic', 'Aortic Aneurysm', 'Blood Circulation', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Male']
| 3,571,607
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.907.055.050'], ['A07.015.114.056.372'], ['C14.907.055.239', 'C14.907.109.139'], ['G09.330.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.196.867.519']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Procalcitonin in early onset ventilator-associated pneumonia.
|
BACKGROUND: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a significant problem in intensive care and there exists great demand for a suitable biomarker. Procalcitonin (PCT) has been proposed as a candidate marker.AIM: To assess the clinical usefulness of monitoring PCT concentrations in non-surgical patients with early onset VAP.METHODS: Thirty-four patients were enrolled with early onset VAP defined as VAP diagnosed between 48 h and 6 days of the onset of mechanical ventilation. Serum PCT was measured on days 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7.FINDINGS: The mortality rate was 21%. Non-survivors had significantly elevated PCT levels on days 3 and 7. For non-survival, the areas under the receiver operator curve (AUC) for PCT were 0.762 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.6-0.923] on day 3 and 0.754 (95% CI: 0.586-0.922) on day 7. Among septic patients, PCT was significantly higher on days 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7, with the highest AUC on day 1 (0.783; 95% CI: 0.626-0.94): a cut-off of 1 ng/mL on day 1 had a positive predictive value of 0.813 for the development of septic shock.CONCLUSION: No association was found between PCT concentration and the adequacy of antibiotic therapy or the aetiology of VAP. In logistic regression analysis, PCT was not significantly correlated with poor outcome. Although PCT levels were higher in non-survivors and those who developed septic shock, PCT is not a strong predictor of these outcomes.
|
['Biomarkers', 'Calcitonin', 'Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide', 'Clinical Laboratory Techniques', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated', 'Prognosis', 'Protein Precursors', 'ROC Curve', 'Survival Analysis']
| 22,552,164
|
[['D23.101'], ['D06.472.699.150', 'D06.472.931.052', 'D12.644.400.095', 'D12.644.548.150', 'D12.776.631.650.095'], ['D12.644.400.097', 'D12.776.631.650.097'], ['E01.370.225', 'E05.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.248.250.500', 'C01.748.610.300.500', 'C08.381.677.300.500', 'C08.730.610.300.500', 'C23.550.291.875.500.500.500'], ['E01.789'], ['D12.776.811'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Improving clinical practice in stroke through audit: results of three rounds of National Stroke Audit.
|
BACKGROUND: The results of three rounds of National Stroke Audit in England, Wales and Northern Ireland are compared.METHODS: Audit of the organization of stroke services and retrospective case-note audit of up to 40 consecutive cases admitted per hospital over a 3-month period was conducted in each of 1998, 1999 and 2001/02. The changes in the organizational, case-mix and process results of the hospitals that had participated in all three rounds were analysed.RESULTS: 60% of all eligible trusts from England, Wales and Northern Ireland took part in all three audits in 1998, 1999 and 2001/02. Total numbers of cases were 4996, 4841 and 5152, respectively. Case-mix variables were similar over the three rounds. Mortality at 7 and 30 days fell by 3% and 5%, respectively. The proportion of hospitals with a stroke unit rose from 48% to 77%. The proportion of patients spending most of their stay in a stroke unit rose from 17% in 1998 to 26% in 1999 and 29% in 2001/02. Improvements achieved in process standards of care between 1998 and 1999 (median change was a gain of 9%) failed to improve further by 2001/02 (median change was 0%). In all three rounds process standards of care tended to be better in stroke units.CONCLUSIONS: Three rounds of national audit of stroke care have shown standards of care on stroke units were notably higher than on general wards. Slowing in the rise of the proportion managed on stroke units mirrors the slow down in improvement to overall national standards of care. To further improve outcomes and national standards of stroke care a much higher proportion of patients needs to be managed in stroke units.
|
['Aged', 'Female', 'Guideline Adherence', 'Hospitals, Public', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Medical Audit', "Practice Patterns, Physicians'", 'Quality Assurance, Health Care', 'Retrospective Studies', 'State Medicine', 'Stroke', 'Stroke Rehabilitation', 'United Kingdom']
| 16,011,643
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['N04.761.337', 'N05.715.360.395'], ['N02.278.421.510'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N04.761.700.250.500', 'N05.700.175.500'], ['N04.590.374.577', 'N05.300.625'], ['N04.761.700', 'N05.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['N03.349.550.902', 'N03.858'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.477.500', 'E02.831.477.500', 'H02.403.680.600.750.500', 'N02.421.784.511.500'], ['Z01.542.363']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Anti-receptor activator of nuclear factor êB ligand antibody treatment increases osteoclastogenesis-promoting IL-8 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
|
The receptor activator of nuclear factor êB ligand (RANKL) is an important factor for osteoclastogenesis and contributes to the pathology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA); thus, the anti-RANKL antibody (Ab) has been expected to protect joint destruction in RA patients. IL-8 also has osteoclastogenic activity; however, the role of IL-8 in the bone pathology of RA as well as the relation between IL-8 and RANKL remain unclear. In the present study, clinical observation revealed serum IL-8 levels of 611 pg ml-1 in RA patients with anti-RANKL Ab and 266 pg ml-1 in the same patients without anti-RANKL Ab. In vitro assay showed that anti-RANKL Ab induced production of IL-8 from pre-osteoclast-like cells (OCLs), and IL-8 promoted the formation of OCLs from peripheral monocytes even without RANKL activity. We further showed that treatment with FK506 (tacrolimus) possibly inhibits the increase in IL-8 levels in RA patients with anti-RANKL Ab, and in vitro assay confirmed that FK506 suppressed IL-8 production in pre-OCLs. These results suggest that inhibition of RANKL induces the change in osteoclastogenesis-promoting factor from RANKL to IL-8, and FK506 may be a valuable combination drug to support the use of anti-RANKL Ab in treatment of RA.
|
['Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Denosumab', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-8', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteogenesis', 'RANK Ligand']
| 30,753,461
|
[['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060.782', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060.782', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200.782'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.120.800', 'D12.644.276.374.465.312', 'D12.776.467.374.200.120.800', 'D12.776.467.374.465.246', 'D23.125.300.120.800', 'D23.469.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.465.312'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.050.500.729', 'G11.427.578.050.500.729'], ['D12.644.276.374.750.562', 'D12.776.467.374.750.562', 'D23.529.374.750.562']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Indolamines in the cockroach Blaberus craniifer Burm. nervous system--II. Fed and crowded young males in comparison with females.
|
1. Indolamines were assayed by HPLC-ECD in nervous tissue of fed and crowded young males Blaberus craniifer Burm. 2. In males, as in females housed in the same conditions, levels are depending on both age and region (= ganglia) of the central nervous system. 3. Registered sex differences are discussed in terms of anatomical, physiological and behavioral sexual dimorphism.
|
['Animals', 'Biogenic Amines', 'Cockroaches', 'Crowding', 'Eating', 'Female', 'Male', 'Nervous System', 'Sex Characteristics']
| 1,687,542
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.092.211'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.140'], ['F01.145.875.281'], ['G07.203.650.283', 'G10.261.330'], ['A08'], ['G08.686.815']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prohormone convertases 1/3, 2, furin and protein 7B2 (Secretogranin V) in endocrine cells of the human pancreas.
|
Prohormone convertases (PCs) are proteinases that cleave inactive prohormones to biologically active peptides. Seven PCs have been identified; two of them, PC1/3 and PC2, have only been localized in neuroendocrine (NE) tissues; a third, furin, in both endocrine and exocrine tissues. We have studied the immunoreactivity of PC1/3, PC2 and furin in the four major NE cell types of the human pancreas by using double immunofluorescence techniques. The study also included the expression of NE secretory protein 7B2 (secretogranin V), a member of the granin family, which influences the function of PC2. The results showed that the three PCs and 7B2 were expressed only in endocrine pancreas, furin also in exocrine cells. Insulin (B) cells harboured PC1/3 and PC2, but not furin. Glucagon (A) cells were immunoreactive to all three PCs; all glucagon cells expressed PC2, but one subpopulation showed PC1/3 immunoreactivity and another furin. Only a few somatostatin (D) cells contained PC2, but no other proconvertase. Pancreatic polypeptide (PP) cells were non-reactive to all three PCs. 7B2 occurred only in insulin and glucagon cells. A varying co-localization pattern was observed between PCs and between PCs and 7B2, with the exception of PC1/3 and furin which were not co-localized. In conclusion, our study shows that PCs are localized in insulin and glucagon cells and do seem to be important in these cell types for processing of hormone and other protein precursors, especially chromogranins, but for the two other major cell types probably other enzymes are of importance.
|
['Cells, Cultured', 'Furin', 'Humans', 'Islets of Langerhans', 'Neuroendocrine Secretory Protein 7B2', 'Pancreas', 'Proprotein Convertase 1', 'Proprotein Convertase 2']
| 17,959,263
|
[['A11.251'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.353', 'D08.811.277.656.837.249', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.353'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.734.414', 'A06.300.414'], ['D12.776.580.845', 'D12.776.631.615'], ['A03.734'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.640', 'D08.811.277.656.837.500', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.640'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.646', 'D08.811.277.656.837.562', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.646']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Validation of a new self-report measure of parental attributions.
|
Attributional theory and empirical evidence suggest that a tendency to make stable, global self-causal attributions for undesirable events is associated with negative outcomes. However, existing self-report measures of parental attributions do not account for the possibility that dysfunctional parent-causal attributions for child misbehavior might be important predictors of poor family functioning. To address these concerns, the authors developed and tested a new measure of both parent-causal and child-responsible attributions for child misbehavior in a sample of 453 community couples. Structural validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, internal consistency, and temporal stability of the new measure were examined. As expected, confirmatory factor analysis resulted in 2 factors, Child-Responsible (9 items) and Parent-Causal (7 items); the final model was cross-validated in a holdout sample. The final scale demonstrated adequate internal consistency (alphas = .81-.90), test-retest reliability (rs = .55-.76), and convergent and discriminant validity. Dysfunctional parent-causal and child-responsible attributions significantly predicted parental emotional problems, ineffective discipline, parent-child physical aggression, and low parenting satisfaction. Associations with parent-child aggression and parenting satisfaction were generally larger than with partner aggression and relationship satisfaction.
|
['Adult', 'Aggression', 'Anger', 'Child Behavior', 'Child Behavior Disorders', 'Child, Preschool', 'Conflict, Psychological', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Factor Analysis, Statistical', 'Family Relations', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Internal-External Control', 'Male', 'New York', 'Parent-Child Relations', 'Parenting', 'Parents', 'Personal Satisfaction', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Self Disclosure', 'Self-Assessment']
| 19,719,350
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.126.125', 'F01.145.813.045'], ['F01.470.093'], ['F01.145.179'], ['F03.625.141'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['F01.658.209'], ['F03.600.300'], ['E05.318.740.400', 'N05.715.360.750.350', 'N06.850.520.830.400'], ['F01.829.263.370', 'I01.880.853.150.439'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.379'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.437', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530'], ['F01.829.263.370.290'], ['F01.829.263.370.310'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['F01.145.677'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['F01.752.747.792.662'], ['F01.752.747.792.537']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A three-phase clinical evaluation of prazosin.
|
A preliminary study of cardiac hemodynamics with measurement in both supine and tilt positions showed that the antihypertensive effect of prazosin given intravenously is associated with a fall in total peripheral resistance, with minor effects on cardiac output and heart rate, and with no consistent orthostatic hypotension. The postural reflexes appear to remain intact. The results are entirely similar to those reported by Lund-Johansen. In a second, short-term study of ambulatory patients, prazosin alone exerted an antihypertensive effect somewhat less than that of methyldopa, but the difference in blood pressure reduction between supine and standing positions was less with prazosin than with methyldopa. Both drugs were well tolerated. In a third, long-term study, prazosin alone gave satisfactory antihypertensive results, and prazosin used in combination with polythiazide produced a satisfactory response in 80% of the patients.
|
['Adult', 'Antihypertensive Agents', 'Blood Pressure', 'Cardiac Output', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Drug Evaluation', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Male', 'Methyldopa', 'Middle Aged', 'Piperazines', 'Polythiazide', 'Posture', 'Quinazolines', 'Time Factors', 'Vascular Resistance']
| 1,105,485
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.411.162'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.370.380.150', 'G09.330.380.124'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['E02.319.283'], ['E05.290.625', 'E05.337.425'], ['E02.319.310'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['D02.092.311.200.538', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.200.538', 'D12.125.072.050.685.400.600', 'D12.125.072.050.875.130.600'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D03.383.606'], ['D02.886.590.700.135.781', 'D02.886.655.500.781', 'D03.633.100.174.781'], ['G11.427.695'], ['D03.633.100.786'], ['G01.910.857'], ['G09.330.380.921']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Central activity of new xanthone derivatives with chiral center in some pharmacological tests in mice.
|
The study was designed to investigate some central effects of chiral xanthone derivatives [(R,S)-2-N-(6-chloro-2-xanthonemethyl)-amino-1-propanol - MH-31, R enantiomer - MH-32 and S enantiomer - MH-33] in mice. The effects of these chiral compounds were examined in picrotoxin-induced seizures, spontaneous locomotor activity and chimney tests. The tested compounds demonstrated variable influence on the central nervous system in mice. The compound MH-32 exhibits anticonvulsant activity in picrotoxin-induced seizures, whereas MH-31 and its R enantiomer--compound MH-32 demonstrated antidepressant-like activity in the forced swimming test. Moreover, all tested xanthones reduced the locomotor activity in mice. The obtained results indicate the importance to examine pharmacologically enantiomers rather than only racemic mixtures of newly synthesized compounds.
|
['Animals', 'Anticonvulsants', 'Antidepressive Agents', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Motor Activity', 'Physical Exertion', 'Seizures', 'Stereoisomerism', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Swimming', 'Xanthones']
| 14,506,327
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.427.080'], ['D27.505.954.427.700.122'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['G11.427.683'], ['C10.597.742', 'C23.888.592.742'], ['G02.607.445.682'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['G11.427.410.568.800', 'G11.427.410.698.277.875', 'I03.350.875', 'I03.450.642.845.945.500'], ['D03.633.300.953.852']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The relation between tunnel widening and bone mineral density after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: an experimental study in sheep.
|
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to analyze the relation between bone mineral density (BMD) and femoral tunnel enlargement (TE) in a previously validated sheep model of soft-tissue anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.METHODS: Thirty sheep underwent ACL reconstruction by use of a soft-tissue graft at the age of 4 months. Graft fixation was achieved with the EndoButton (Smith & Nephew Endoscopy, Andover, MA) and Suture Washer (Smith & Nephew Endoscopy). Six animals were killed at 0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 weeks postoperatively. Each ACL-reconstructed knee was examined both by computed tomography to analyze the bone tunnel cross-sectional area and by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry to analyze BMD.RESULTS: There was a significant increase in tunnel cross-sectional area. BMD decreased significantly within the first 3 weeks after surgery and increased thereafter. A positive correlation between TE and BMD was found. However, a subgroup analysis showed that there is no influence of BMD on the development of a tunnel widening.CONCLUSIONS: The hypothesis that a TE would be associated with a loss in BMD was not confirmed. Tunnel widening during the first 6 months after ACL reconstruction is not affected by the transient changes in BMD.CLINICAL RELEVANCE: There is no correlation between TE and BMD in an experimental sheep model of ACL reconstruction. Translational investigations will determine whether this is also true in humans.
|
['Animals', 'Anterior Cruciate Ligament', 'Bone Density', 'Bone Resorption', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Femur', 'Orthopedic Procedures', 'Sheep']
| 20,362,826
|
[['B01.050'], ['A02.513.514.100', 'A02.835.583.512.100', 'A10.165.669.514.100'], ['G11.427.100'], ['C05.116.264', 'G11.427.213.150'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['A02.835.232.043.150'], ['E02.718', 'E04.555'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hepatic parasympathetic (HISS) control of insulin sensitivity determined by feeding and fasting.
|
In response to insulin, a hormone [hepatic insulin sensitizing substance (HISS)] is released from the liver to stimulate glucose uptake in skeletal muscle but not liver or gut. The aim was to characterize dynamic control of HISS action in response to insulin and regulation of release by hepatic parasympathetic nerves. Insulin action was assessed by the rapid insulin sensitivity test, where the index is the glucose required (mg/kg) to maintain euglycemia after a bolus of insulin. Blocking HISS release by interruption of the hepatic parasympathetic nerves by surgical denervation, atropine, or blockade of hepatic nitric oxide synthase produced similar degrees of insulin resistance and revealed a similar dynamic pattern of hormone action that began 3--4 min after, and continued for 9--10 min beyond, insulin action (50 mU/kg). HISS action accounted for 56.5 +/- 3.5% of insulin action at insulin doses from 5 to 100 mU/kg (fed). We also tested the hypothesis that HISS release is controlled by the feed/fast status. Feeding resulted in maximal HISS action, which decreased progressively with the duration of fasting.
|
['Anesthesia', 'Animals', 'Atropine', 'Autonomic Denervation', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Eating', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Fasting', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Insulin', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase', 'Parasympathetic Nervous System', 'Parasympatholytics', 'Postprandial Period', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Stomach', 'omega-N-Methylarginine']
| 11,408,252
|
[['E03.155'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.145.074.722.229.199', 'D03.132.760.180.572.199', 'D03.132.889.180.648.199', 'D03.605.084.500.722.229.199', 'D03.605.869.229.199'], ['E04.525.210.105'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G07.203.650.283', 'G10.261.330'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['F01.145.407.400', 'G07.203.650.240.587', 'G07.203.650.353.400'], ['D27.505.696.422'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['A03.620'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772'], ['A08.800.050.600'], ['D27.505.696.663.050.650'], ['G10.261.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['A03.556.875.875'], ['D12.125.068.050.650', 'D12.125.095.104.650', 'D12.125.142.087.500']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Social characteristics of patients admitted to the terminated from mental health centers.
|
The assumption that terminations data represent a cross section of patients treated at mental health centers is investigated by comparing social characteristics of patients admitted to and terminated from mental health centers. The great majority of patient characteristics of the two groups are similar enough to make the above assumption safely.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Child', 'Community Mental Health Services', 'Educational Status', 'Ethnic Groups', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'North Carolina', 'Patients', 'Sex Ratio', 'Social Environment', 'Socioeconomic Factors']
| 991,590
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F04.408.307', 'N02.421.143.183', 'N02.421.461.232'], ['N01.824.196'], ['M01.686.754', 'N01.224.317'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.475', 'Z01.107.567.875.750.530'], ['M01.643'], ['G05.815', 'I01.240.800.815', 'N01.224.803.815', 'N06.850.505.400.850.815'], ['I01.880.853.500'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Studies of the histidine residues of human and bovine glycoprotein hormones by nuclear magnetic resonance.
|
Titration curves of the histidine residues in lutropin, thyrotropin, follitropin and chorionic gonadotropin have been assigned using imidazole C-2 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and their estimated pK values determined. Spectra of reassociated hormone preparations, in which one or the other of their two subunits (alpha or beta) have had their accessible histidines exchanged with deuterium, permitted assignment of C-2 resonance to specific residues. Similar titration curves were found for residues which are conserved from one hormone to another. However, these conserved histidines do not have identical pK values, indicating that differences in the conformation or microenvironment around these residues occur in these hormones. Changes in some pK values also occur as a function of subunit association. The most dramatic change seen in all cases is the exposure to solvent of histidine alpha-83; in isolated alpha subunits this residue is unavailable for titration over a wide pH range. This change appears to be a general consequence of the association of the two subunits in any of these hormones. The data show that all histidines in the intact hormones are accessible to the environment, including those proposed to be in domains involved in subunit-subunit interaction.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Chemical Phenomena', 'Chemistry', 'Chorionic Gonadotropin', 'Follicle Stimulating Hormone', 'Glycoproteins', 'Gonadotropins', 'Histidine', 'Hormones', 'Humans', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Thyrotropin']
| 6,411,645
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['G02'], ['H01.181'], ['D06.472.699.322.326', 'D06.472.699.649.367', 'D12.644.548.726.367', 'D12.776.780.400'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.288', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.288', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.288'], ['D09.400.430', 'D12.776.395'], ['D06.472.699.322'], ['D12.125.072.329', 'D12.125.142.308'], ['D06.472', 'D27.505.696.399.472'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.883', 'D12.644.548.691.525.883']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Demonstration of leptospiral antigens on tissues using monoclonal antibodies and avidin-biotin peroxidase staining.
|
Glycolipoprotein (GLP) cytotoxin was extracted from Leptospira interrogans serovar canicola. The silver staining profile of GLP subjected to SDS-PAGE under denaturing conditions showed a number of bands in the mol. weight range of 14-66 kDa. Mouse Monoclonal Antibodies (MAbs) IgG3 recognizing a band near to 24 kDa of leptospiral GLP were produced (clone number MGLP-01). The agglutinating property of MAbs was established by microscopic agglutination test (MAT) using 25 different serovars as antigens. Only the homologous serovar was agglutinated by MAbs suggesting that the recognized epitope is a specific surface-exposed antigen. The MAbs were applied to demonstration of leptospiral antigens in tissue damage by avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase staining. Golden hamsters were experimentally infected with a virulent strain of L. interrogans serovar canicola. Histologically kidneys stained by routine hematoxylin and eosin showed changes characterized by injury of tubular epithelial cells leading to acute tubular necrosis (ATN). Typical, well-defined morphologic leptospires or finely granular deposits were found by immunoperoxidase staining near to blood vessels, within inflammatory infiltrates and intraluminal in proximal and distal parts of the nephron. Binding of leptospiral antigens to capillary endothelial cells, tubular epithelial cells and macrophages were also demonstrated. This entails a basis for further studies either in research or in diagnostic histopathology.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Bacterial', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antigens, Bacterial', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Cricetinae', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Humans', 'Hybridomas', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Kidney Tubular Necrosis, Acute', 'Kidney Tubules', 'Leptospira interrogans', 'Mesocricetus', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Weil Disease']
| 9,495,655
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.107', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.125'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D23.050.161'], ['D12.776.097'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.251.353.485', 'A11.251.600.485'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['C12.777.419.780.050.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.050.500'], ['A05.810.453.736.560'], ['B03.440.400.425.475.475.400', 'B03.851.475.475.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['C01.150.252.400.794.511.739']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Interstitial lung disease associated with Equine Infectious Anemia Virus infection in horses.
|
EIA (Equine Infectious Anemia) is a blood-borne disease primarily transmitted by haematophagous insects or needle punctures. Other routes of transmission have been poorly explored. We evaluated the potential of EIAV (Equine Infectious Anemia Virus) to induce pulmonary lesions in naturally infected equids. Lungs from 77 EIAV seropositive horses have been collected in Romania and France. Three types of lesions have been scored on paraffin-embedded lungs: lymphocyte infiltration, bronchiolar inflammation, and thickness of the alveolar septa. Expression of the p26 EIAV capsid (CA) protein has been evaluated by immunostaining. Compared to EIAV-negative horses, 52% of the EIAV-positive horses displayed a mild inflammation around the bronchioles, 22% had a moderate inflammation with inflammatory cells inside the wall and epithelial bronchiolar hyperplasia and 6.5% had a moderate to severe inflammation, with destruction of the bronchiolar epithelium and accumulation of smooth muscle cells within the pulmonary parenchyma. Changes in the thickness of the alveolar septa were also present. Expression of EIAV capsid has been evidenced in macrophages, endothelial as well as in alveolar and bronchiolar epithelial cells, as determined by their morphology and localization. To summarize, we found lesions of interstitial lung disease similar to that observed during other lentiviral infections such as FIV in cats, SRLV in sheep and goats or HIV in children. The presence of EIAV capsid in lung epithelial cells suggests that EIAV might be responsible for the broncho-interstitial damages observed.
|
['Animals', 'Blotting, Western', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Equine Infectious Anemia', 'Female', 'France', 'Horse Diseases', 'Horses', 'Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine', 'Lung', 'Lung Diseases, Interstitial', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Romania', 'Viral Core Proteins']
| 24,289,102
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['A11.436'], ['C01.925.782.815.616.300', 'C01.925.839.375', 'C22.488.304'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['C22.488'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472'], ['B04.820.650.589.520.400'], ['A04.411'], ['C08.381.483'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['Z01.542.248.764'], ['D12.776.964.970.600.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Hyperthermia with radiation in the treatment of locally advanced head and neck cancer: a report of randomized trial.
|
BACKGROUND: Head and neck cancer is the leading cause of male mortality due to cancer in India. Surgery, radiation alone or in combination has been the backbone of treatment strategies. Chemo-radiation has emerged as the standard of care in most types of head and neck cancer. This strategy has the advantage of maintaining both structure and functions, albeit with increased acute and delayed side effects. Radiation with hyperthermia can achieve the same objective without additional toxicities.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 56 patients were randomized to radiation therapy (RT) alone or RT-hyperthermia (RT-HT) arm. Twenty-six patients were included in RT alone arm and 28 patients in the RT-HT arm. Both groups were evenly matched for age, sex, and stage. Patients in both the arms received radiation to a dose of 66-70 Gy in 6.5-7 weeks. Patients in the study group received weekly HT. HT was started after impedance matching to last for 30 minutes.RESULTS: Complete response was seen in 42.4% of RT alone group compare to 78.6% in the HT group. The difference was statistically significant ( < 0.05). Kaplan-Meir analysis of survival also showed a significant improvement in favor of RT-HT. No dose limiting thermal burns and excessive mucosal or thermal toxicity were recorded.CONCLUSION: Radiofrequency (RF) based heating and radical radiation of head and neck cancers is better than in RT alone group. HT should be considered as a valid option wherever the facility for HT is available. This report should infuse greater confidence in radiation Oncologists to practice HT as an adjuvant treatment modality.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Female', 'Head and Neck Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Hyperthermia, Induced', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 21,358,087
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E02.186'], ['C04.588.443'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.565'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Experimental intermittent ischemia augments exercise-induced inflammatory cytokine production.
|
Acute exercise-induced inflammation is implicated in mediating the beneficial adaptations to regular exercise. Evidence suggests that reduced oxygen and/or blood flow to contracting muscle alters cytokine appearance. However, the acute inflammatory responses to hypoxic/ischemic exercise have been documented with inconsistent results and may not accurately reflect the ischemia produced during exercise in patients with ischemic cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, we determined the extent to which local inflammation is involved in the response to ischemic exercise. Fourteen healthy males performed unilateral isometric forearm contractions for 30 min with and without experimental ischemia. Blood was drawn at baseline, 5 and 10 min into exercise, at the end of exercise, and 30, 60, and 120 min after exercise. Oxygen saturation levels, as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy, were reduced by 10% and 41% during nonischemic and ischemic exercise, respectively. Nonischemic exercise did not affect cytokine values. Ischemia enhanced concentrations of basic fibroblast growth factor, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and vascular endothelial growth factor during exercise, but IL-8 was not influenced by ischemic exercise. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that ischemic, small-muscle endurance exercise elicits local inflammatory cytokine production compared with nonischemic exercise.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We demonstrate that ischemic, small-muscle endurance exercise elicits local inflammatory cytokine production compared with nonischemic exercise. The present study advances our knowledge of the inflammatory response to exercise in a partial ischemic state, which may be relevant for understanding the therapeutic effects of exercise training for people with ischemic cardiovascular disease-associated comorbidities.
|
['Adult', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Cytokines', 'Exercise', 'Fibroblast Growth Factors', 'Forearm', 'Humans', 'Inflammation', 'Interleukin-10', 'Interleukin-6', 'Interleukin-8', 'Ischemia', 'Isometric Contraction', 'Male', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors', 'Young Adult']
| 28,572,502
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C14'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['D12.644.276.624', 'D12.776.467.624', 'D23.529.624'], ['A01.378.800.585'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.470'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.510', 'D12.776.467.374.465.510', 'D23.529.374.465.510'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.120.800', 'D12.644.276.374.465.312', 'D12.776.467.374.200.120.800', 'D12.776.467.374.465.246', 'D23.125.300.120.800', 'D23.469.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.465.312'], ['C23.550.513'], ['G11.427.494.472'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626'], ['D12.644.276.100.800', 'D12.776.467.100.800', 'D23.529.100.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Development of visual evoked potentials following intrauterine growth retardation.
|
Visual evoked potentials to flash (FVEP) were recorded in 23 symmetrically growth retarded newborns of between 32 and 39 weeks gestational age and 41 normally grown controls. At 9 months post term FVEP recordings were repeated in 14 of the growth retarded and 26 of the control infants. The development of two long latency negative components of the wave form of the neonatal FVEP was delayed in the growth retarded infants. The amplitude of a long latency negative peak in the 9 month post term FVEP was reduced in the growth retarded infants. We suggest that intrauterine growth retardation may affect the development of secondary activity in the visual cortex.
|
['Cerebral Cortex', 'Evoked Potentials, Visual', 'Female', 'Fetal Growth Retardation', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Reaction Time']
| 1,802,666
|
[['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['G07.265.216.500.425', 'G11.561.200.500.425', 'G14.330'], ['C13.703.277.370', 'C16.300.390', 'C23.550.393.450'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Thiol-ene click reaction-induced fluorescence enhancement by altering the radiative rate for assaying butyrylcholinesterase activity.
|
Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) generally acts as an important plasma biomarker for clinical diagnosis due to its major contribution to human plasma cholinesterase levels, but its current fluorometric assay relying on fluorogenic substrates frequently suffers from the lack of sufficiently fast response time and specific recognition of substrates relative to the traditional Ellman's method. In this work, we report a fluorescent molecular probe for assaying BChE activity based on thiol-triggered fluorescence enhancement via thiol-ene click reactions. A low-temperature experiment and theoretical analysis exclude the possibility of weak fluorescence of the probe caused by an intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer process and support the main cause of an ultraslow radiative rate due to the introduction of two acrylyl groups. This probe has sensitive fluorescence responses to thiols via thiol-ene click chemistry, and it can distinguish between glutathione and cysteine or homocysteine in different emission colors. The rapid reaction kinetics of this probe enables it to monitor hydrolysis reactions catalyzed by butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in a real-time manner. This probe is used to develop the first fluorometric assay of BChE activity based on fluorescence enhancement triggered by thiol-ene click chemistry using butyrylthiocholine as the substrate. The established BChE assay shows excellent sensitivity, and is capable of avoiding the interference from glutathione and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in a complex matrix. The inhibition test of tacrine on BChE with this assay substantiates its feasibility in screening potential inhibitors of BChE. This work demonstrates a design strategy of fluorescent probes lighted up by thiol-ene click reactions, reveals the main cause of thiol-triggered fluorescence enhancement by altering the radiative rate, and provides the first fluorometric assay of BChE based on rapid thiol-ene click reactions.
|
['Butyrylcholinesterase', 'Click Chemistry', 'Cysteine', 'Enzyme Assays', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Glutathione', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Substrate Specificity', 'Sulfhydryl Compounds']
| 30,417,195
|
[['D08.811.277.352.100.170.250'], ['E05.197.124', 'J01.897.836.249.124'], ['D02.886.030.230', 'D02.886.489.155', 'D12.125.154.299', 'D12.125.166.230'], ['E05.196.427'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['G02.111.835'], ['D02.886.489']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Analysis of Microtubules and Microtubule-Organizing Center at the Immune Synapse.
|
The immune synapse (IS) is a specialized structure that enables cell-cell communication between immune cells. As such, it involves direct cell-to-cell contact. It is sustained by cytoskeletal components that allow the intracellular polarization of different organelles and the surface re-organization of signaling and adhesion receptors. The tubulin-based cytoskeleton is a key player in IS formation and signaling. We describe methods to analyze through Western blot and microscopy analysis the polarization to the IS of the centrosome, also known as microtubule-organizing center (MTOC), the dynamics of microtubule growth and polymerization from the MTOC to the IS and the activation of signaling molecules.
|
['Humans', 'Immunological Synapses', 'Jurkat Cells', 'Microtubule-Organizing Center', 'Microtubules']
| 28,255,694
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.284.149.165.420.548', 'A15.382.370'], ['A11.251.210.190.495', 'A11.251.860.180.495', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.440'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750.585'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750.602']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prognostic role of neurophysiological testing 3-7 days after onset of acute unilateral Bell's palsy.
|
OBJECTIVE: Recovery from acute Bell's palsy (BP) is variable and there are few predictors of response. We evaluated the usefulness of a range of neurophysiological parameters to predict outcome in BP.METHODS: Fifty-nine patients (age: 33.7±15.4 years) with acute unilateral BP were recruited within 3-7 days of onset. They were evaluated with electroneurography, facial nerve excitability, and the blink reflex. House-Brackmann (HB) clinical scores were obtained at the same time and three months later. All patients received prednisolone treatment and regular rehabilitation.RESULTS: At three months, 41 patients (69.5%) had good recovery, while 18 patients (30.5%) had poor recovery according to the HB scale. The facial nerve excitability threshold and threshold difference between sides were significantly lower in patients with good recovery than those with poor recovery (P values=0.022 and 0.006 respectively). Facial nerve degeneration rate (1 - affected/unaffected amplitude of CMAP of muscle ?100%) recorded in frontalis (P=0.002) and orbicularis oris (P=0.038) were also smaller in good recovery than poor recovery patients. There were no differences in latency and amplitude of CMAPs recorded from frontalis or orbicularis oris muscle, nor in latencies of the components of the blink reflex. ROC analysis showed that patients who had a threshold side difference <13mA (35 cases), had a higher chance of good recovery (85.7% versus 14.3% poor recovery). Patients who had a degeneration rate<50% (38 cases) also had a higher chance of good recovery (78.9%) versus 21.1% who had poor recovery, while patients with a degeneration rate>50% (21 cases) had a 47.8% chance of good recovery versus 52.2% poor recovery (P=0.004). Logistic regression analysis showed that the most significant predictive indicator of BP recovery was the facial nerve degeneration rate of frontalis muscle (P=0.011).CONCLUSION: Facial nerve degeneration rate of frontalis muscle provides the most sensitive prognostic indicator of recovery from acute BP and may provide useful management strategies.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Bell Palsy', 'Blinking', 'Electromyography', 'Facial Muscles', 'Facial Nerve', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nerve Degeneration', 'Prognosis', 'Recovery of Function', 'Time Factors', 'Young Adult']
| 29,496,378
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C01.925.256.466.087', 'C07.465.094', 'C07.465.299.250', 'C10.292.319.250'], ['G11.561.731.127', 'G14.152'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['A02.633.567.400', 'A14.363'], ['A08.800.050.050.275', 'A08.800.050.600.149', 'A08.800.800.060.275', 'A08.800.800.120.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.737'], ['E01.789'], ['G16.757'], ['G01.910.857'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Subclinical hyperthyroidism in patients with type 2 diabetes.
|
Both subclinical hyperthyroidism and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have been associated with an increase in cardiovascular disease risk and mortality. We aimed to assess the prevalence of newly diagnosed subclinical hyperthyroidism in a cohort of patients with T2D, and also to analyse the relationships between diabetes-related characteristics and the presence of subclinical hyperthyroidism. 933 diabetic patients without previous history of thyroid disease (45.4% females, mean age 66.3 years, median duration of diabetes 10 years) were evaluated. A sample of 911 non-diabetic subjects without known thyroid dysfunction was studied as control group. Serum concentrations of thyrotropin were measured in all subjects. Subclinical hyperthyroidism was present in 4.3% of female and 3.5% of male diabetic patients. Relative risk was significant only for the female gender (OR 3.69, 95% CI 1.56-8.71). In comparison with diabetic patients without thyroid hyperfunction, patients with subclinical hyperthyroidism were older, had longer duration of diabetes, showed lower fasting glucose levels, had greater proportion of goitre and diet therapy, and had lower proportion of treatment with oral agents. Logistic regression analysis showed that age and the presence of goitre were significantly related to subclinical hyperthyroidism in patients with T2D. The risk for subclinical hyperthyroidism is increased in women with T2D. Advanced age and the presence of goitre are significantly and independently related with the presence of subclinical hyperthyroidism in diabetic population.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Asymptomatic Diseases', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyperthyroidism', 'Hypothyroidism', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prevalence', 'Registries', 'Thyroid Hormones', 'Thyrotropin', 'Young Adult']
| 22,327,927
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C23.550.291.187'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C19.874.397'], ['C19.874.482'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['D06.472.931'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.883', 'D12.644.548.691.525.883'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Autobiographical memories for the September 11th attacks: reconstructive errors and emotional impairment of memory.
|
College students were asked about their personal memories from September 11, 2001. Consistency in reported features over a 2-month period increased as the delay between the initial test and 9/11 increased. Central features (e.g., Where were you?) were reported with greater consistency than were peripheral features (What were you wearing?) but also contained a larger proportion of reconstructive errors. In addition, highly emotional participants demonstrated poor prospective memory and relatively inconsistent memory for peripheral details, when compared with less emotional participants. Highly emotional participants were also more likely to increase the specificity of their responses over time but did not exhibit greater consistency for central details than did less emotional participants. The results demonstrated reconstructive processes in the memory for a highly consequential and emotional event and emotional impairment of memory processing of incidental details.
|
['Adult', 'Affect', 'Autobiographies as Topic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Life Change Events', 'Male', 'Memory', 'Mental Recall', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Terrorism']
| 15,285,127
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.047'], ['K01.517.211.215'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.458.410'], ['F02.463.425.540'], ['F02.463.425.540.641'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['I01.198.240.856.800', 'I01.880.735.900.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Electro- and echocardiographic changes during an angina attack in an ergometrine pharmacological test].
|
The authors examined 29 patients with ischemic heart disease and 3 patients with neurocirculatory dystonia. According to the results of echocardiography it was found that dilatation of the left ventricle and decrease in its contractility were more pronounced when the anginous attack was attended by a rise of the ST segment on the ECG than when it was attended by depression of the ST segment. During an ergometry-induced anginose attack with no changes on the ECG the diastolic filling of the left ventricle was disturbed but its contractility did not change, which evidently points to early manifestations of ischemic changes in the myocardium.
|
['Adult', 'Angina Pectoris', 'Diastole', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Echocardiography', 'Ergonovine', 'Exercise Test', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 7,265,635
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C14.280.647.187', 'C14.907.585.187', 'C23.888.592.612.233.500'], ['G09.330.580.295', 'G11.427.494.554.250', 'G11.427.494.570.295'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['D03.132.327.287.262', 'D03.633.400.439.262'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['A07.541.560'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Is anti-M?llerian hormone a marker of acute cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian follicular destruction in mice pretreated with cetrorelix?
|
OBJECTIVE: To define whether anti-M?llerian hormone (AMH) may be a marker of acute cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced germ cell destruction in mice pretreated with the GnRH antagonist, cetrorelix.DESIGN: Controlled, experimental study.SETTING: Research laboratory in a federal research facility.ANIMAL(S): Balb/c female mice (6 weeks old).INTERVENTION(S): Mice were treated with GnRH antagonist (cetrorelix) or saline for 15 days followed by 75 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg of CTX or saline control on day 9.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Number of primordial follicles (PMF), DNA damage, AMH protein expression, and AMH serum levels.RESULT(S): Ovaries in mice pretreated with cetrorelix had significantly more PMFs and reduced DNA damage compared with those exposed to CTX alone. Immunohistochemical staining for AMH expression and serum AMH levels did not differ significantly between treatment groups.CONCLUSION(S): Cetrorelix protected PMFs and reduced DNA damage in follicles of mice treated with CTX, but AMH levels in tissue and serum did not correlate with germ cell destruction. Further research is needed to determine the mechanism responsible for the protective effects on PMF counts observed with cetrorelix.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Mullerian Hormone', 'Apoptosis', 'Biomarkers', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone', 'Hormone Antagonists', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Ovarian Follicle', 'Random Allocation']
| 21,550,044
|
[['B01.050'], ['D06.472.334.984.500', 'D09.400.430.625', 'D12.776.395.089'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D23.101'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.730.243', 'D02.705.672.500.243'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D06.472.699.327.740.320', 'D12.644.400.400.740.320', 'D12.644.456.460', 'D12.644.548.365.740.320', 'D12.776.631.650.405.740.320'], ['D06.347', 'D27.505.696.399.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.535', 'A06.300.312.497.535'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Messengers and Messages for Tweets That Used #thinspo and #fitspo Hashtags in 2016.
|
INTRODUCTION: Twitter is widely used by young adults and is popular for seeking and sharing health information. The hashtags #thinspo and #fitspo provide a way to identify tweets designed to inspire thinness (thinspiration, thinspo) or fitness (fitspiration, fitspo). However, despite having different purposes, both terms may be associated with content that promotes eating disorders. We sought to 1) examine and compare the characteristics of senders and the content of tweets using these hashtags and 2) identify characteristics associated with engagement with a #thinspo or #fitspo tweet.METHODS: In May 2016 we collected 1,035 tweets with #thinspo and #fitspo hashtags by using a constructed week sampling procedure. Using consensus coding, pairs of raters assessed each tweet's topic and associated images and videos. We used descriptive statistics to examine topics and user characteristics and inferential models to determine topics and characteristics associated with retweets, likes, and replies to tweets.RESULTS: Of the 1,035 tweets, 696 (67.2%) were relevant to body image, fitness, food, dieting, or eating disorders. Fitspo tweets came from organizations or businesses, were promotional, and focused on nutrition and exercise, whereas #thinspo tweets came from individuals, focused on thinness and disordered eating behaviors, and contained images of extremely thin women. Rates of retweeting and liking were significantly higher for #thinspo than for #fitspo.CONCLUSION: Characteristics of messages and messengers differed between #thinspo and #fitspo tweets; #thinspo tweets were used for messages about disordered eating. Public health professionals should consider using the #thinspo hashtag to reach the #thinspo group.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Body Image', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Feeding and Eating Disorders', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Physical Fitness', 'Social Media', 'Thinness', 'Young Adult']
| 29,300,696
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.752.747.792.110', 'F02.463.593.112'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['F03.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G11.427.685', 'I03.450.642.845.054.800', 'N01.400.545'], ['L01.178.751', 'L01.224.230.110.500.750'], ['C23.888.144.828', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.828', 'G07.100.100.160.120.828'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Population genetic structure and geographical variation in Neotricula aperta (Gastropoda: Pomatiopsidae), the snail intermediate host of Schistosoma mekongi (Digenea: Schistosomatidae).
|
BACKGROUND: Neotricula aperta is the snail-intermediate host of the parasitic blood-fluke Schistosoma mekongi which causes Mekong schistosomiasis in Cambodia and the Lao PDR. Despite numerous phylogenetic studies only one DNA-sequence based population-genetic study of N. aperta had been published, and the origin, structure and persistence of N. aperta were poorly understood. Consequently, a phylogenetic and population genetic study was performed, with addition of new data to pre-existing DNA-sequences for N. aperta from remote and inaccessible habitats, including one new taxon from Laos and 505 bp of additional DNA-sequence for all sampled taxa,.PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Spatial Principal Component Analysis revealed the presence of significant spatial-genetic clustering. Genetic-distance-based clustering indicated four populations with near perfect match to a priori defined ecogeographical regions. Spring-dwelling taxa were found to form an ecological isolate relative to other N. aperta. The poor dispersal capabilities suggested by spatial-genetic analyses were confirmed by Bayesian inference of migration rates. Population divergence time estimation implied a mid-Miocene colonisation of the present range, with immediate and rapid radiation in each ecogeographical region. Estimated effective population sizes were large (120-310 thousand).CONCLUSIONS: The strong spatial-genetic structure confirmed the poor dispersal capabilities of N. aperta-suggesting human-mediated reintroduction of disease to controlled areas as the primary reason for control failure. The isolation of the spring-dwelling taxa and ecogeographical structure suggests adaptation of sub-populations to different habitats; the epidemiological significance of this needs investigation. The large effective population sizes indicate that the high population densities observed in surveyed habitats are also present in inaccessible areas; affording great potential for recrudescence driven by animal-reservoir transmission in remote streams. Mid-Miocene colonisation implies heterochronous evolution of these snails and associated schistosomes and suggests against coevolution of snail and parasite. Heterochronicity favours ecological factors as shapers of host-parasite specificity and greater potential for escape from schistosomiasis control through host-switching.
|
['Animals', 'Cambodia', 'Gastropoda', 'Genetics, Population', 'Humans', 'Laos', 'Neglected Diseases', 'Phylogeny', 'Population Density', 'Schistosoma', 'Schistosomiasis', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA']
| 30,689,628
|
[['B01.050'], ['Z01.252.145.182'], ['B01.050.500.644.400'], ['H01.158.273.343.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.145.435'], ['C23.550.291.890'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['N01.224.600', 'N06.850.505.400.600'], ['B01.050.500.500.736.715.770.680'], ['C01.610.335.865.859', 'C01.920.922'], ['E05.393.760.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Prevalence of Trichinella spiralis in black bears (Ursus americanus) from Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.
|
Tongue and diaphragm samples from 158 black bears (Ursus americanus) from Newfoundland and Labrador were examined for Trichinella spiralis. No larvae were detected in samples from the island of Newfoundland but one animal from the Labrador samples was infected. The results of this and other studies suggest a lack of involvement of the black bear in a sylvatic cycle of T. spiralis in eastern Canada.
|
['Animals', 'Diaphragm', 'Larva', 'Newfoundland and Labrador', 'Prevalence', 'Tongue', 'Trichinella', 'Trichinellosis', 'Ursidae']
| 1,512,886
|
[['B01.050'], ['A02.633.567.900.300'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['Z01.107.567.176.540'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['A03.556.500.885', 'A14.549.885'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.100.275.780.608'], ['C01.610.335.508.100.275.882'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.761']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Factors associated with outcome of segmentectomy for non-small cell lung cancer: long-term follow-up study at a single institution in Japan.
|
A lobectomy is the standard surgical procedure for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), though recently a limited resection is more likely chosen for small-sized early stage disease. To elucidate the effectiveness of an intentional segmentectomy as a curative procedure, factors associated with survival after the procedure were examined in a long-term retrospective study carried out at a single institute. Patients with stage I, II, or III disease NSCLC who underwent a segmentectomy between 1980 and 2002 (n = 144) were retrospectively studied and the results compared with those who underwent a lobectomy during the same period (n = 1241). Tumor size, nodal involvement, pleural involvement, and histological type were independent significant prognostic factors in patients who received a segmentectomy. Six patients had a large cell carcinoma and each died from the disease within 5 years after the segmentectomy. In patients with p-T1N0M0 (stage IA) disease and a tumor smaller than 2 cm, except for large cell carcinomas, the 5- and 10-year survival rates were 83% and 83%, respectively, after a segmentectomy, and 81% and 64%, respectively, after a lobectomy (p = 0.66). In patients with p-T1N0M0 disease and a tumor diameter exceeding 2 cm, the 5- and 10-year survival rates were 58% and 58%, respectively, after a segmentectomy, and 78% and 60%, respectively, after a lobectomy (p = 0.057). We concluded that histological type and tumor size were relevant for determining the indication of an intentional segmentectomy for NSCLC with stage IA disease.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Japan', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Pneumonectomy', 'Survival Analysis', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 17,673,328
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E04.620', 'E04.928.600.600'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in raw milk of five dairy species in Ahvaz, Iran.
|
During November 2007 to December 2008, 311 samples of raw milk from cow, water buffalo, camel, sheep, and goat were collected in the Ahvaz (southwest Iran). All of the samples were analyzed for presence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) by competitive ELISA technique. AFM1 was found in 42.1% of the samples by average concentration of 43.3+/-43.8 ng/kg. The incidence rates of AFM1 in raw cow, water buffalo, camel, sheep, and goat milks were, 78.7%, 38.7%, 12.5%, 37.3%, and 27.1%, respectively. The concentration of AFM1 in all of the samples were lower than Iranian national standard and FDA limit (500 ng/l), but in 36% of raw cow milk, 8% water buffalo milk, 3.9% sheep milk, and 5.7% raw goat milk samples were higher than maximum tolerance limit accepted by European union/Codex Alimentarius Commission (50 ng/l). The results showed that the milk of camel, goat, and sheep is safe respect to AFM1 contamination in this area.
|
['Aflatoxin M1', 'Animals', 'Buffaloes', 'Camelus', 'Carcinogens', 'Cattle', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'Food Contamination', 'Goats', 'Iran', 'Milk', 'Sheep']
| 19,786,054
|
[['D03.383.663.283.119.100', 'D03.633.100.150.119.100', 'D23.946.587.142.100'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.135'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.190.180'], ['D27.888.569.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['J01.576.423.850.730.500.249', 'N06.850.460.400', 'N06.850.601.500.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.513'], ['Z01.252.245.500.350'], ['A12.200.455', 'A12.790', 'G07.203.100.700', 'G07.203.300.350.525', 'J02.200.700', 'J02.500.350.525'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in bays of the Rio de Janeiro state coast, SE - Brazil: Effects on catfishes.
|
The Brazilian coast of the Rio de Janeiro State has bays of great economic, ecological and social importance. However, these ecosystems have been suffering intense anthropogenic influence, mainly due to the contamination by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from urban-industrial activities. Moreover, PAHs are organic pollutants of high toxicity and carcinogenicity causing global concern to human and environmental health. This study evaluated on catfish (Genidens genidens) a set of key parameters (sex, morphometric traits, condition factor (K), PAH metabolites in gallbladder, frequency of micronucleus (MN) and erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENA) in blood. In addition we also evaluated histopathological hepatic effects, Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity and Benzo(a)pyrene diol epoxide (BPDE)-DNA adducts) in liver samples, in order to indicate the fish health status and environmental pollution levels of three main Bays (Guanabara, Sepetiba and Ilha Grande) of the Rio de Janeiro State, in the Southeast of Brazil. In general, the worst physical and metabolic conditions in catfishes were evidenced in Guanabara Bay, possibly indicating the highest level of contamination by PAHs. Contrary evidence was observed in Ilha Grande Bay, showing lower biological changes in G. genidens. However in Sepetiba Bay, the influence of PAHs contamination showed the highest hepatic lesions in catfishes, prevailing foci of cellular alterations, megalocytic hepatosis and hydropic vacuolations. The employability of a set of biomarkers on catfish was efficient for screening pollution for PAHs in tropical environments. This reinforces the need for effective actions of monitoring and conservation strategies of bays of the Rio de Janeiro State (Brazil), in order to ensure quality and health to both human and environment.
|
['Animals', 'Bays', 'Brazil', 'Catfishes', 'Ecosystem', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 31,784,080
|
[['B01.050'], ['G01.311.625.080'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.080'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['D02.455.426.559.847', 'D04.615'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of 4-aryl-2-(1-substituted ethylidene)thiazoles.
|
(E)-4-Aryl-2-[2-(1-substituted ethylidene)hydrazinyl]thiazoles and (Z)-3-substituted-4-aryl-2-[(E)-(1-phenylethylidene)hydrazono]-2,3-dihydrothiazoles were synthesized by the reaction of (substituted ethylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamides with ù-bromoacetophenones. The characterization of this new class of compounds was performed using different spectroscopic tools. The structure of (Z)-3-benzyl-4-(4-bromophenyl)-2-[(E)-(1-phenylethylidene)hydrazono]-2,3-dihydrothiazole 6e was unambiguously confirmed by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. Compounds 5a-e, 5i, 6e, 6g, and 6i were screened for their in vitro antibacterial activity against different strains of microorganisms; most of the tested compounds exhibited promising antibacterial activity against some organisms compared to ciprofloxacin and sulbactam penicillin. Compounds 5e, 5i, 6e, 6g, and 6i exhibited several-fold significant antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, better than ciprofloxacin, with minimum inhibitory concentration values ranging from 0.05 to 0.4 µg/mL. The rest of the tested compounds gave significant antibacterial activities against different Gram-negative bacterial strains.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Ciprofloxacin', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Molecular Structure', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Sulbactam', 'Thiazoles']
| 23,776,104
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322.186'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['D02.065.589.099.750.812', 'D02.886.108.750.812', 'D03.633.100.300.750.812'], ['D02.886.675', 'D03.383.129.708']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Non-specific serum iron in thalassaemia: an abnormal serum iron fraction of potential toxicity.
|
Iron binding in the sera of 35 patients with beta thalassaemia major and intermedia was studied. In patients receiving regular blood transfusions since infancy transferrin was completely saturated and about 2.7--7.1 mumol/l of the serum iron could be removed by dialysis or ultrafiltration in the presence of a chelating agent or by filtration on DEAE-Sephadex-catecholdisulphonic acid columns. In contrast, less than 1.0 mumol/l of transferrin bound iron was removed when subjected to the same procedures. The non-specific iron of thalassaemic sera could no longer be demonstrated after incubation with normal serum. These findings indicate that non-specific iron is a chelatable with normal serum. These findings indicate that non-specific iron is a chelatable compound which is readily available for transferrin binding. In view of the known toxicity of unbound iron, its identification in thalassaemic sera might be of relevance to the pathogenesis of tissue damage and the protective effect of iron chelating therapy in this disease.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Blood Transfusion', 'Child', 'Chromatography, Ion Exchange', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Ferritins', 'Humans', 'Iron', 'Pentetic Acid', 'Thalassemia', 'Transferrin', 'Ultrafiltration']
| 708,645
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E02.095.135'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.196.181.400.383'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['D12.776.157.427.249', 'D12.776.556.579.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['D02.092.782.590', 'D02.241.081.018.639'], ['C15.378.071.141.150.875', 'C15.378.420.826', 'C16.320.070.875', 'C16.320.365.826'], ['D12.776.124.050.800', 'D12.776.124.790.223.839', 'D12.776.157.427.750.500', 'D12.776.377.715.182.839', 'D12.776.556.579.750.500'], ['E04.292.975', 'E05.196.454.807', 'G01.280.807', 'G02.263.807']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Introgression of novel traits from a wild wheat relative improves drought adaptation in wheat.
|
Root architecture traits are an important component for improving water stress adaptation. However, selection for aboveground traits under favorable environments in modern cultivars may have led to an inadvertent loss of genes and novel alleles beneficial for adapting to environments with limited water. In this study, we elucidate the physiological and molecular consequences of introgressing an alien chromosome segment (7DL) from a wild wheat relative species (Agropyron elongatum) into cultivated wheat (Triticum aestivum). The wheat translocation line had improved water stress adaptation and higher root and shoot biomass compared with the control genotypes, which showed significant drops in root and shoot biomass during stress. Enhanced access to water due to higher root biomass enabled the translocation line to maintain more favorable gas-exchange and carbon assimilation levels relative to the wild-type wheat genotypes during water stress. Transcriptome analysis identified candidate genes associated with root development. Two of these candidate genes mapped to the site of translocation on chromosome 7DL based on single-feature polymorphism analysis. A brassinosteroid signaling pathway was predicted to be involved in the novel root responses observed in the A. elongatum translocation line, based on the coexpression-based gene network generated by seeding the network with the candidate genes. We present an effective and highly integrated approach that combines root phenotyping, whole-plant physiology, and functional genomics to discover novel root traits and the underlying genes from a wild related species to improve drought adaptation in cultivated wheat.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Agropyron', 'Biomass', 'Brachypodium', 'Brassinosteroids', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Chromosomes, Plant', 'Droughts', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Gene Regulatory Networks', 'Genes, Plant', 'Genotype', 'Inbreeding', 'Phenotype', 'Photosynthesis', 'Plant Roots', 'Plant Shoots', 'Plant Stomata', 'Plants, Genetically Modified', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Quantitative Trait, Heritable', 'Seedlings', 'Synteny', 'Triticum', 'Water']
| 23,426,195
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.033'], ['G16.500.275.157.100', 'N06.230.124.100'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.072'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.756.071', 'D10.570.938.795.071', 'D23.704.500.071'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['E05.393.183'], ['A11.284.187.560', 'A18.005', 'G05.360.162.560'], ['G16.500.175.781', 'G16.500.750.775.154', 'N06.230.100.230.150'], ['G05.308.375'], ['G05.360.080.689.360'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.393', 'G05.360.340.365.500'], ['G05.380'], ['E05.820.150.520', 'G05.090.403'], ['G05.695'], ['G02.111.158.937', 'G02.111.669.700', 'G02.740.921', 'G03.191.937', 'G03.493.700', 'G03.800.700', 'G15.568'], ['A18.400'], ['A18.024.875'], ['A18.024.750.650', 'A18.024.812.650'], ['B01.650.520', 'B05.620.600'], ['G05.365.795'], ['G05.420.720'], ['A18.550', 'B01.650.819'], ['G02.111.810.550.830', 'G05.810.550.830'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.918'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effectiveness of trained community volunteers in improving knowledge and management of childhood malaria in a rural area of Rivers State, Nigeria.
|
INTRODUCTION: Malaria accounts for 70% of illnesses and 30% of deaths among children under 5 years in Nigeria. This study was aimed at determining the effectiveness of trained community volunteers in delivering multiple anti-malaria interventions to achieve rapid reduction in morbidity and mortality among under 5 children.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A quasi-experimental study was carried out in two rural communities in Rivers State, Nigeria among 368 mothers/caregivers. A set of 184 of the mothers/caregivers (experimental group) were trained on malaria and provided with bed nets and drugs (artemisinin-lumefantrine) to treat children under 5 years who developed fever during the period of the experiment. Another set of 184 mothers/caregivers (controls) did not receive similar training and drugs. Both groups were compared at baseline and after 6 months of the experiment on their knowledge of malaria prevention and treatment. Level of significance was set at P = 0.05.RESULTS: In the experimental group: Adequate knowledge about malaria increased from 115 (62.5%) to 175 (95.1%) (P < 0.0001), early commencement of treatment of fever increased from 68 (37.0%) to 131 (75.7%) (P < 0.0001), and children cured of malaria increased from 87 (47.3%) to 146 (84.4%) (P < 0.0001). Insecticide-treated bed nets use also increased from 86 (46.7%) to 161 (87.5%) (P < 0.0001). There were no significant changes in the control group.CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrated the inherent potentials in using community-based volunteers in malaria prevention and control for those in rural areas with poor health service delivery. We advocate its adaptation for far-reaching reduction in childhood morbidity and mortality and rapid attainment of millennium development goals 4.
|
['Adult', 'Antimalarials', 'Artemisinins', 'Caregivers', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Ethanolamines', 'Female', 'Fluorenes', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Insecticide-Treated Bednets', 'Lumefantrine', 'Malaria', 'Male', 'Morbidity', 'Mothers', 'Nigeria', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Rural Population', 'Volunteers']
| 26,096,245
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.250.100.085'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.212', 'D01.339.431.374.212', 'D01.650.550.750.200', 'D02.389.338.055', 'D02.455.849.765.211'], ['M01.085', 'M01.526.485.200', 'N02.360.200'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D02.033.100.291', 'D02.033.375.291', 'D02.092.063.291'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.389', 'D04.615.389'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E07.700.510.500'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.389.650', 'D04.615.389.650'], ['C01.610.752.530', 'C01.920.875'], ['E05.318.308.985.525', 'N01.224.935.597', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525'], ['F01.829.263.500.320.200', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340.270', 'M01.620.630'], ['Z01.058.290.190.565'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['N01.600.725'], ['M01.955']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Effect of Chinese medicine treatment based on pattern identification on cellular immunophenotype of myelodysplastic syndrome.
|
OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of treatment based on Chinese medicine pattern identification on cellular immunophenotype of the myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).METHODS: Sixty patients with MDS were randomly and equally assigned to the treatment group and the control group using a randomized digital table. Thirty patients in each group included 3 risk levels (low, moderate and high risks) with each level 10 patients according to the international prognostic scoring system. The control group was given conventional therapy which was also used in the treatment group. While the treatment group was given Zuogui Pill () and Yougui Pill () for low risk patients; Qingwen Baidu Decoction () and Bazhen Decoction () for moderate risk patients; Gexia Zhuyu Decoction () and Qinghao Biejia Decoction () combined with Shiquan Dabu Decoction () for high risk patients. After the treatment, the differences of overall response rate and immunophenotype (CD13, CD14, CD15, CD33 and CD34) of each group were analyzed.RESULTS: The overall response rate of the treatment group was significantly higher than the control group in low risk and moderate risk patients (P=0.029), there was no statistical differences of overall response rate between the treatment group and the control group in high risk patients (P=0.089). The expressions of CD13, CD14, CD33 and CD34 in all three risk levels of the treatment group were obviously decreased after the treatment, while CD15 in all three risk levels of the treatment group was obviously increased after the treatment (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Meanwhile, the difference values of CD13 and CD33 in low risk level of the treatment group, CD33 and CD34 in moderate risk level of the treatment group as well as CD34 and CD15 in high risk level of the treatment group, were all greater than the control groups and they were statistically significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01).CONCLUSIONS: It shows a better therapeutic effect if the MDS patients treated with Chinese medicine pattern identification in addition to conventional therapy. Since the treatment may inhibit the malignant clones and improve the dysmaturity of granulocyte differentiation, it is a feasible option in clinical practice.
|
['Drugs, Chinese Herbal', 'Humans', 'Immunophenotyping', 'Myelodysplastic Syndromes', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 27,933,512
|
[['D20.215.784.500.350', 'D26.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.447', 'E05.200.812.447', 'E05.478.594.450'], ['C15.378.190.625'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Effect of the active components of red paeonia and rhizoma chuanxiong on matrix metalloproteinases in rabbits with atherosclerosis].
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of the active components from Red Paeonia and Rhizoma chuanxiong (in Xiongshao Capsule, XSC) on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in rabbit model of atherosclerosis.METHODS: Fifty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into the normal control group (A), the model control group (B), the Simvastatin treated group (C), the low-dose XSC treated group (D) and the high-dose XSC treated group (E), 10 in each group. Rabbits in the normal control group were fed with normal diet, while those in the other four groups were fed with high fat diet and duplicated after two weeks feeding into model of abdominal aortic atherosclerosis by balloon angioplasty. In the 6 successive weeks feeding of high fat diet, Simvastatin 2.5 mg/kg, XSC 0.24 g/kg and 0.48 g/kg per day was given respectively to the rabbits in the three treated groups. Blood sample was collected for determining the level of blood lipids; serum MMP-3 and MMP-9, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) with enzyme-linked immunoassay; and the protein expression of MMP-3 and cluster of differentiation antigen 40 ligand (CD40L) in plaque were detected with immunohistochemical method.RESULTS: Compared with Group B, the serum levels of MMP-3 and MMP-9; the expression of MMP-3 and CD40L in plaque; and the blood content of total cholesterol in the three treated groups were significantly lower (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Besides, the content of triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly reduced in Group C, while the TIMP-1 showed no statistical difference among different groups (P > 0.05).CONCLUSION: The active components of Red Paeonia and Rhizoma chuanxiong play a definite role in stabilizing the atherosclerotic plaque in rabbits, one of their possible mechanisms may be by way of inhibiting the expressions of MMP-3, MMP-9 in vascular walls and blood serum.
|
['Animals', 'Atherosclerosis', 'Drugs, Chinese Herbal', 'Male', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 3', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 9', 'Paeonia', 'Phytotherapy', 'Rabbits', 'Random Allocation', 'Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1']
| 19,702,083
|
[['B01.050'], ['C14.907.137.126.307'], ['D20.215.784.500.350', 'D26.335'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.200', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.200', 'D12.644.276.848.200', 'D12.776.467.836.200'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.350', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.350', 'D12.644.276.848.350', 'D12.776.467.836.350'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.791'], ['E02.190.755'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['D12.776.645.875.450']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Validation and application of a method for the determination of total chromium in rat tissues by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.
|
The validation of a method for the determination of chromium (Cr) in F-344/N rat tissues by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry is described. Samples were analyzed after a rapid, open-vessel microwave digestion procedure. Performance of the method was evaluated using kidney tissue across a concentration range of 0.50-5.00 microg Cr/g tissue. Data for method linearity, accuracy, precision, digest stability, and storage stability are presented along with limits of detection and quantitation data. Data from a method cross-validation for B6C3F1 mouse kidney tissue are also presented. After validation, the method was applied to analyze samples collected in support of two chronic toxicity and carcinogenesis studies conducted by the National Toxicology Program.
|
['Animals', 'Chromium', 'Drug Stability', 'Kidney', 'Limit of Detection', 'Male', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Mice', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred F344', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 19,798,462
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.268.556.175', 'D01.268.956.124', 'D01.552.544.175'], ['E05.916.330'], ['A05.810.453'], ['E05.318.740.872.374', 'N05.715.360.750.725.500', 'N06.850.520.830.872.500'], ['E05.196.566'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.200', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.200'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Evaluation of the toxicity of ISIS 2302, a phosphorothioate oligonucleotide, in a 4-week study in CD-1 mice.
|
The subchronic toxicity of ISIS 2302 and ISIS 3082, phosphorothioate oligonucleotides with antisense activity against human and murine ICAM-1 mRNA, respectively, was investigated in CD-1 mice. ISIS 2302 is currently in clinical trials as an anti-inflammatory agent. Because of the differences in mRNA sequence targets between humans and mice, ISIS 2302 has no pharmacologic activity in mice. ISIS 3082 was specifically designed to inhibit murine ICAM-1 and was included in this study to evaluate the effects of prolonged ICAM-1 inhibition. The oligonucleotides were administered by bolus i.v. injection (via tail vein) every other day for 27 days (14 doses) at dose levels of 0, 0.8, 4, 20, and 100 mg/kg per injection ISIS 2302 or 20 mg/kg per injection ISIS 3082. The basic group size consisted of 10 male and 10 female mice, which were sacrificed 2 days after the last dose and an additional 5 mice per sex in vehicle control and 100 mg/kg ISIS 2302 dose groups, which remained on study for a 28-day treatment-free period. No treatment-related deaths occurred during this study, and there were no effects of either oligonucleotide on body weight gain or food consumption. The most common changes observed in this study included a mixed mononuclear cell infiltrate seen in a number of organs or tissues, splenomegaly, and lymphoid hyperplasia at dose levels of > or = 20 mg/kg ISIS 2302. In the group that received the highest dose level of ISIS 2302 (100 mg/kg), there were alterations in serum chemistry parameters that appeared to be related to perturbations in the liver, including 3- to 4-fold increases in aspartate and alanine aminotransferase and smaller changes in bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, triglycerides, and albumin levels. Treatment-related effects on hematologic parameters were limited to the 100 mg/kg ISIS 2302 dose group and included slight monocytosis and thrombocytopenia. None of the effects observed appeared to be life threatening. Complete or partial reversal of all effects was evident in the remaining high-dose ISIS 2302 animals at the end of the 4-week recovery period. Comparison of the effects produced by the same dose level (20 mg/kg) of ISIS 2302 and ISIS 3082 did not reveal any differences that could be attributed to exaggerated pharmacology. In conclusion, treatment-related alterations were observed primarily at the 100 mg/kg dose level, including immune stimulation and hepatic alterations, which were partially reversed following a 4-week treatment-free period.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Blood Cells', 'Clinical Chemistry Tests', 'Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Female', 'Hyperplasia', 'Kidney', 'Liver', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense', 'Oligonucleotides, Antisense', 'Organ Size', 'Phosphorothioate Oligonucleotides', 'Thionucleotides']
| 9,361,906
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['A11.118', 'A15.145.229'], ['E01.370.225.124', 'E05.200.124'], ['E05.290.750', 'E05.337.550'], ['C23.550.444'], ['A05.810.453'], ['A03.620'], ['A04.411'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D13.150.200.640', 'D13.150.480.640', 'D13.444.308.150.640', 'D13.444.600.150.200.640', 'D13.444.600.150.640.640', 'D13.695.578.424.480.640', 'D27.720.470.530.600.150.200.640', 'D27.720.470.530.600.150.640.640'], ['D13.150.480', 'D13.444.600.150.640', 'D13.695.578.424.480', 'D27.720.470.530.600.150.640'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['D13.695.578.424.575'], ['D02.886.765', 'D13.695.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Temporal trends in nitrate and selected pesticides in Mid-Atlantic ground water.
|
Evaluating long-term temporal trends in regional ground-water quality is complicated by variable hydrogeologic conditions and typically slow flow, and such trends have rarely been directly measured. Ground-water samples were collected over near-decadal and annual intervals from unconfined aquifers in agricultural areas of the Mid-Atlantic region, including fractured carbonate rocks in the Great Valley, Potomac River Basin, and unconsolidated sediments on the Delmarva Peninsula. Concentrations of nitrate and selected pesticides and degradates were compared among sampling events and to apparent recharge dates. Observed temporal trends are related to changes in land use and chemical applications, and to hydrogeology and climate. Insignificant differences in nitrate concentrations in the Great Valley between 1993 and 2002 are consistent with relatively steady fertilizer application during respective recharge periods and are likely related to drought conditions in the later sampling period. Detecting trends in Great Valley ground water is complicated by long open boreholes characteristic of wells sampled in this setting which facilitate significant ground-water mixing. Decreasing atrazine and prometon concentrations, however, reflect reported changes in usage. On the Delmarva Peninsula between 1988 and 2001, median nitrate concentrations increased 2 mg per liter in aerobic ground water, reflecting increasing fertilizer applications. Correlations between selected pesticide compounds and apparent recharge date are similarly related to changing land use and chemical application. Observed trends in the two settings demonstrate the importance of considering hydrogeology and recharge date along with changing land and chemical uses when interpreting trends in regional ground-water quality.
|
['Fresh Water', 'Geography', 'Mid-Atlantic Region', 'Nitrates', 'Pesticides', 'Time Factors', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical', 'Water Pollution', 'Water Supply']
| 18,765,775
|
[['G16.500.275.280', 'N06.230.232'], ['H01.277.500'], ['Z01.107.567.875.500'], ['D01.248.497.158.606', 'D01.625.525.550', 'D02.583'], ['D27.720.031.700', 'D27.888.723'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D27.888.284.903.655'], ['N06.850.460.790'], ['J01.293.821.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
A systematic review and meta-analysis of family history and risk of ovarian cancer.
|
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the relative risk and lifetime risk of ovarian cancer in women with various categories of family history.DESIGN: A meta-analysis of all published case-control and cohort studies.METHODS: Pooled relative risk estimates were calculated for the case control studies, using the Mantel-Haenzel method. These estimates were combined with the relative risks from the cohort studies. The pooled estimates of relative risk were used to estimate lifetime risks of ovarian cancer from age 15 up to age 75, for various categories of family history.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Relative risks and lifetime risks of developing ovarian cancer were calculated for the categories of women with 1. an affected first degree relative; 2. an affected mother; 3. an affected sister; and 4. women with more than one affected relative.RESULTS: The relative risk to first degree relatives is 3.1 (95% CI 2.6-3.7). There is some evidence that this relative risk declines with age. The relative risk to mothers of cases 1.1 (95% CI 0.8-1.6) was lower than the relative risks to sisters: 3.8 (95% CI 2.9-5.1), and daughters: 6.0 (95% CI 3.0-11.9); the explanation of this difference is unclear.CONCLUSIONS: Women with a family history of ovarian cancer have a substantially higher risk of developing ovarian cancer compared with women without such a history. However the risk is small for most categories of family history, except for the small number of individuals who have more than one affected relative.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia', 'Cohort Studies', 'Family Health', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Pedigree', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors']
| 9,637,117
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C04.557.470.200.240.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['N01.400.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['E05.393.673'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Modified anatrophic nephrolithotomy for complete staghorn calculus disease -- does it still have a place?
|
OBJECTIVE: To report our experience with open surgery for the management of complete staghorn calculi using a modified anatrophic nephrolithotomy technique.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between 1990 and 2001, 24 patients underwent anatrophic nephrolithotomy in our department. Bilateral complex stone disease was present in 9 patients, so that a total of 33 procedures were carried out. Preoperative evaluation included excretory urography (intravenous pyelography) and routine laboratory study in all patients and in 9 patients renal function was assessed using (99m)Tc dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scans before and 6 months after surgery. Postoperative follow-up consisted of kidney-ureter-bladder (KUB), ultrasound (U/S), urinalysis and urine culture.RESULTS: The mean operative time was 180 min, mean blood loss was 500 ml and renal ischemia time ranged between 10 and 35 min. Deep vein thrombosis occurred on the 5th postoperative day in an obese female patient. No other operative or postoperative complications were observed. Mean hospital stay was 8.2 days (range 7-12 days). The stone-free rate was 83.3%. Long-term follow up demonstrated stone fragments <4 mm in diameter in 4 patients (16.6%). Renal function remained unchanged or slightly improved in 15 patients; a slight worsening of renal function was noted in 9 patients (from an average of 39% before to 35% after the procedure).CONCLUSIONS: Anatrophic nephrolithotomy, although a major operative procedure, remains the most appropriate method for the one-stage management of a selected group of patients harboring large staghorn calculi with infundibular stenosis, and is associated with the highest stone-free rates.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kidney Calculi', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nephrostomy, Percutaneous', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Urologic Surgical Procedures']
| 12,623,506
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.600.500', 'C12.777.967.249.500', 'C12.777.967.500.503', 'C13.351.968.419.600.500', 'C13.351.968.967.249.500', 'C13.351.968.967.500.503', 'C23.300.175.850.550'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.390.550', 'E04.579.642', 'E04.950.774.739.500', 'E04.950.774.852.642'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E04.950.774']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
"Others had similar problems and you were not alone": evaluation of an open-group mutual aid model in cardiac rehabilitation.
|
BACKGROUND: Dealing with psychological and social issues is an important aspect of comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs.STUDY AIM: This study aims to evaluate the use of an open-group mutual aid model facilitated by a social worker and occupational therapist in a secondary prevention CR program.METHOD: A mixed-method study, using questionnaires, focus group data, and reflective interviews of group facilitators, was used to evaluate the program.STUDY FINDINGS: Key themes emerging from this study were (1) the need for provision of hope; (2) a desire for structure and support; (3) appreciation of support of fellow group participants; and (4) the need for individuals to review, process, and interpret their illness trajectory.CONCLUSIONS: In this single site study, an open-group model using a mutual aid model was acceptable and helpful as a method to facilitate adjustment after an acute cardiac event. Further evaluation of this approach using experimental methods is warranted.
|
['Attitude to Health', 'Focus Groups', 'Group Processes', 'Health Services Needs and Demand', 'Heart Diseases', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Organizational', 'Morale', 'New South Wales', 'Occupational Therapy', 'Patient Care Team', 'Patient Education as Topic', 'Peer Group', 'Program Evaluation', 'Self-Help Groups', 'Social Support', 'Social Work', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 21,206,355
|
[['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['E05.318.308.112', 'N05.715.360.300.269', 'N06.850.520.308.112'], ['F01.829.316'], ['N03.349.380.420', 'N05.300.450'], ['C14.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.599.670', 'N04.452.534'], ['F01.829.477'], ['Z01.639.100.750', 'Z01.678.100.373.750'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.489', 'E02.831.489', 'H02.010.500'], ['N04.590.715'], ['I02.233.332.500', 'N02.421.726.407.680'], ['F01.829.316.483'], ['E05.337.820', 'N04.761.685', 'N05.715.360.650'], ['N03.540.782'], ['I01.880.853.500.600'], ['I01.880.792', 'N02.421.849'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Gamma-H2AX expression pattern in non-irradiated neonatal mouse germ cells and after low-dose gamma-radiation: relationships between chromatid breaks and DNA double-strand breaks.
|
The DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are considered to be the most relevant lesions for the deleterious effects of ionizing radiation exposure. The discovery that the induction of DSBs is rapidly followed by the phosphorylation of H2AX histone at Ser-139, favoring repair protein recruitment or access, opens the possibility for a wide range of research. This phosphorylated histone, named gamma-H2AX, has been shown to form foci in interphase nuclei as well as megabase chromatin domains surrounding the DNA lesion on chromosomes. Using detection of gamma-H2AX on germ cell mitotic chromosomes 2 h after gamma-irradiation, we studied radiation-induced DSBs during the G(2)/M phase of the cell cycle. We show that 1) non-irradiated neonatal germ cells express gamma-H2AX with variable patterns at metaphase, 2) gamma-irradiation induces foci whose number increases in a dose-dependent manner, 3) some foci correspond to visible chromatid breaks or exchanges, 4) sticky chromosomes characterizing cell radiation exposure during mitosis are a consequence of DSBs, and 5) gamma-H2AX remains localized at the sites of the lesions even after end-joining has taken place. This suggests that completion of DSB repair does not necessarily imply disappearance of gamma-H2AX.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Azure Stains', 'Chromatids', 'Chromosome Aberrations', 'DNA', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation', 'Gamma Rays', 'Gene Expression', 'Histones', 'Male', 'Metaphase', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Sister Chromatid Exchange', 'Spermatogenesis', 'Spermatogonia']
| 15,115,728
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['D02.886.369.080', 'D03.633.300.783.080'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.175', 'G05.360.160.175'], ['C23.550.210', 'G05.365.590.175'], ['D13.444.308'], ['E05.799.513.500', 'G01.750.740.500', 'G04.712.500', 'G07.225', 'G07.738.500', 'N06.850.810.250.180'], ['G01.358.500.505.300', 'G01.750.250.300', 'G01.750.750.400'], ['G05.297'], ['D12.776.157.687.485', 'D12.776.660.720.485', 'D12.776.664.469'], ['G04.144.220.220.687.625', 'G04.144.220.220.781.625', 'G05.113.220.687.625', 'G05.113.220.781.625'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['G05.728.615.750'], ['G04.152.650.624', 'G08.686.784.310.760'], ['A05.360.490.890.900', 'A11.497.760.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mediates arsenite inhibition of UVB-induced cellular apoptosis in mouse epidermal Cl41 cells.
|
Inorganic arsenic is an environmental human carcinogen, and has been shown to act as a co-carcinogen with solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation in mouse skin tumor induction even at low concentrations. However, the precise mechanism of its co-carcinogenic action is largely unknown. Apoptosis plays an essential role as a protective mechanism against neoplastic development in the organism by eliminating genetically damaged cells. Thus, suppression of apoptosis is thought to contribute to carcinogenesis. It is known that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) can promote carcinogenesis by inhibiting cell apoptosis under stress conditions; and our current studies investigated the potential contribution of COX-2 to the inhibitory effect of arsenite in UV-induced cell apoptosis in mouse epidermal Cl41 cells. We found that treatment of cells with low concentration (5 ìM) arsenite attenuated cellular apoptosis upon UVB radiation accompanied with a coinductive effect on COX-2 expression and nuclear factor-êB (NFêB) transactivation. Our results also showed that the COX-2 induction by arsenite and UVB depended on an NFêB pathway because COX-2 co-induction could be attenuated in either p65-deficient or p50-deficient cells. Moreover, UVB-induced cell apoptosis could be dramatically reduced by the introduction of exogenous COX-2 expression, whereas the inhibitory effect of arsenite on UVB-induced cell apoptosis could be impaired in COX-2 knockdown C141 cells. Our results indicated that COX-2 mediated the anti-apoptotic effect of arsenite in UVB radiation through an NFêB-dependent pathway. Given the importance of apoptosis evasion during carcinogenesis, we anticipated that COX-2 induction might be at least partially responsible for the co-carcinogenic effect of arsenite on UVB-induced skin carcinogenesis.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Arsenites', 'Carcinogens, Environmental', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Transformation, Neoplastic', 'Cyclooxygenase 2', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Enzyme Induction', 'Epidermis', 'Genes, Reporter', 'Mice', 'NF-kappa B', 'NFATC Transcription Factors', 'Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced', 'RNA Interference', 'Skin Neoplasms', 'Transcription Factor AP-1', 'Transfection', 'Ultraviolet Rays']
| 22,463,588
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D01.075.050', 'D01.248.497.158.055'], ['D27.888.569.100.125'], ['A11.251.210'], ['C04.697.098.500', 'C23.550.727.098.500'], ['D08.811.600.720.750'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G05.308.320.200'], ['A10.272.497', 'A17.815.250'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['D12.776.930.608'], ['C04.682', 'C26.733.476', 'G01.750.748.500.476'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882'], ['D12.776.260.108.875', 'D12.776.930.127.875'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Structure-function relationship in Escherichia coli initiation factors. Identification of a lysine residue in the ribosomal binding site of initiation factor by site-specific chemical modification with pyridoxal phosphate.
|
Incubation of Escherichia coli initiation factor 3 (IF3) with pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) followed by reduction with sodium borohydride resulted in the selective modification and inactivation of this protein. The ribosomal-binding site (RNA-binding site) of IF3 is the target of PLP modification, since (a) the phosphate residue of PLP is required for inactivation; (b) RNA as well as synthetic polynucleotides (especially guanine-containing one) protect IF3 from inactivation; and (c) 30 S, but not 50 S ribosomal subunits, protect IF3 from PLP modification and from inactivation. The incorporation of PLP into IF3 occurred exclusively at lysine residues by reduction of the Schiff bases yielding epsilon-(5'-phosphopyridoxyl)lysine. The PLP-modified lysines were identified by amino acid analysis and sequencing of the PLP-modified peptides. Out of the 20 lysines of the factor, only Lys 2, Lys 5, Lys 99, Lys 112, Lys 166, and an unidentified Lys of the central cluster of the molecule (Lys 86, 87, 90, 91, 96) were found to be modified to varying degrees. The incorporation of 3 to 4 mol of PLP/mol of IF3 is accompanied by a substantial (greater than or equal to 80%) inactivation of this protein; the loss of activity follows apparent first order kinetics, and the inactivation results from the modification of just 1 Lys residue. This essential Lys residue was identified by various criteria to be Lys 112. The identification of an "active region" in the IF3 molecule is emerging from this as well as from other chemical modification studies.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Binding Sites', 'Escherichia coli', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Peptide Initiation Factors', 'Prokaryotic Initiation Factor-3', 'Pyridoxal Phosphate', 'Ribosomes', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 7,014,565
|
[['D12.125'], ['D12.776.097'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D12.644.541'], ['D12.776.835.725'], ['D12.776.835.725.934.750'], ['D03.383.725.676.925.500.500', 'D08.211.740'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Fecal Calprotectin to Detect Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.
|
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to test fecal calprotectin (FC) as a screening tool to identify inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) among patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).METHODS: FC level < 100 g/kg was considered normal. Patients with 2 consecutive FC dosage ? 100 g/kg underwent endoscopic evaluation.RESULTS: There were 113 patients with JIA enrolled. FC was raised in 7 patients out of 113. All patients had IBD. In 3/7 patients, high FC levels were the only sign consistent with IBD.CONCLUSION: FC is a useful, economical, and noninvasive diagnostic tool to identify JIA patients with underlying IBD.
|
['Adolescent', 'Arthritis, Juvenile', 'Biomarkers', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Feces', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Inflammatory Bowel Diseases', 'Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex', 'Male', 'Mass Screening', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Young Adult']
| 29,907,671
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['C05.550.114.122', 'C05.799.056', 'C17.300.775.049', 'C20.111.198'], ['D23.101'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['A12.459'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C06.405.205.731', 'C06.405.469.432'], ['D12.776.157.125.750.500', 'D12.776.631.655.500', 'D23.050.301.562'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Possibilities of rehabilitation of patients with chronic cardiac insufficiency in the earlier period after an episode of decompensation].
|
The authors analyse the possibility and safety of including patients in a cardiorehabilitation program in the earlier period after an episode of decompensation of chronic cardiac insufficiency (CCI). The influence of a short-term course of interval training on tolerability of physical exercises and quality of life was estimated in 162 patients with CCI hospitalized for the treatment of decompensation. 125 (77.2%) of them did not meet the criteria for inclusion in the rehabilitation program, the main causes being moderate or severe aortic stenosis, orthopedic or neurologic restrictions. 19 of the 32 patients included in the program participated in the three-week training course but only 15 (78.9%) completed it. The increment of peak oxygen consumption averaged 23 ml/kg/min (17.4%).
|
['Aged', 'Chronic Disease', 'Exercise Therapy', 'Female', 'Heart Failure', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Quality of Life', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 22,420,193
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.387', 'E02.779.483', 'E02.831.535.483'], ['C14.280.434'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G03.680'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Enhanced valine production in Corynebacterium glutamicum with defective H+-ATPase and C-terminal truncated acetohydroxyacid synthase.
|
We have reported increased glutamate production by a mutant of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC14067 (strain F172-8) with reduced H(+)-ATPase activity under biotin-limiting culture conditions (Aoki et al. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 69, 1466-1472 (2005)). In the present study, we examined valine production by an H(+)-ATPase-defective mutant of C. glutamicum. Using the double-crossover chromosome replacement technique, we constructed a newly defined H(+)-ATPase-defective mutant from ATCC13032. After transforming the new strain (A-1) with a C-terminal truncation of acetohydroxyacid synthase gene (ilvBN), valine production increased from 21.7 mM for the wild-type strain to 46.7 mM for the A-1 in shaking flask cultures with 555 mM glucose. Increased production of the valine intermediate acetoin was also observed in A-1, and was reduced by inserting acetohydroxyacid isomeroreductase gene (ilvC) into the ilvBN plasmid. After transformation with this new construct, valine production increased from 38.3 mM for the wild-type strain to 95.7 mM for A-1 strain. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report indicating that an H(+)-ATPase-defective mutant of C. glutamicum is capable of valine production. Our combined results with glutamate and valine suggest that the H(+)-ATPase defect is also effective in the fermentative production of other practical compounds.
|
['Acetolactate Synthase', 'Corynebacterium glutamicum', 'Gene Deletion', 'Genetic Engineering', 'Ketol-Acid Reductoisomerase', 'Proton-Translocating ATPases', 'Valine']
| 18,997,402
|
[['D08.811.913.200.324', 'D12.776.331.049'], ['B03.510.024.250.300', 'B03.510.460.400.400.200.300'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['E05.393.420'], ['D08.811.682.047.820.487'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.325', 'D08.811.913.696.650.150.500', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.875.500', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.875.500'], ['D12.125.070.950', 'D12.125.142.930']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The purification and characterization of ATP synthase complexes from the mitochondria of four fungal species.
|
The ATP synthases have been isolated by affinity chromatography from the mitochondria of the fungal species Yarrowia lipolytica, Pichia pastoris, Pichia angusta and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The subunit compositions of the purified enzyme complexes depended on the detergent used to solubilize and purify the complex, and the presence or absence of exogenous phospholipids. All four enzymes purified in the presence of n-dodecyl-â-D-maltoside had a complete complement of core subunits involved directly in the synthesis of ATP, but they were deficient to different extents in their supernumerary membrane subunits. In contrast, the enzymes from P. angusta and S. cerevisiae purified in the presence of n-decyl-â-maltose neopentyl glycol and the phospholipids 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine, cardiolipin (diphosphatidylglycerol) and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-[phospho-rac-(1-glycerol)] had a complete complement of core subunits and also contained all of the known supernumerary membrane subunits, e, f, g, j, k and ATP8 (or Aap1), plus an additional new membrane component named subunit l, related in sequence to subunit k. The catalytic domain of the enzyme from P. angusta was more resistant to thermal denaturation than the enzyme from S. cerevisiae, but less stable than the catalytic domain of the bovine enzyme, but the stator and the integrity of the transmembrane proton pathway were most stable in the enzyme from P. angusta. The P. angusta enzyme provides a suitable source of enzyme for studying the structure of the membrane domain and properties associated with that sector of the enzyme complex.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Chromatography, Affinity', 'Enzyme Stability', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Fungi', 'Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Pichia', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Protein Subunits', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Species Specificity', 'Yarrowia']
| 25,759,169
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['E05.196.181.400.170'], ['E05.916.360', 'G02.111.700.500'], ['D12.776.354'], ['B01.300'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.325.750', 'D08.811.913.696.650.150.500.750', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.875.500.750', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.875.500.750', 'D12.776.543.585.475.625', 'D12.776.575.750.625'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B01.300.107.795.700', 'B01.300.930.600'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D12.776.813'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G16.824'], ['B01.300.107.795.980', 'B01.300.930.980']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Application of the AMPLATZER vascular plug in endovascular occlusion of dialysis accesses.
|
The purpose of this study was to share our initial experience with the AMPLATZER Vascular Plug (AVP) in occluding dialysis accesses. Between January 2007 and October 2008, five patients with autogenous and one patient with prosthetic accesses were referred for endovascular occlusion owing to central venous obstruction (n = 4) and dialysis-associated steal syndrome (n = 2) leading to disabling complications. We used a single AVP in two patients, double AVPs in two patients, and double AVPs and n-butyl 2-cyanoacrylate in one patient with an autogenous access. Two coils were deployed between two AVPs to occlude the prosthetic graft. Immediate success was achieved in all patients, with no complications. Mean follow-up time was 13 months (range, 1-21 months) and none of the patients had experienced symptom recurrence as of the time of writing. The AVP allows simple, precise, and reliable dialysis access occlusion without significant complications when surgical ligation is not preferred. It can be used with other embolizing agents to provide occlusion in the case of failure.
|
['Adult', 'Angiography, Digital Subtraction', 'Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical', 'Embolization, Therapeutic', 'Female', 'Graft Occlusion, Vascular', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Punctures', 'Radiography, Interventional', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Ultrasonography, Interventional', 'Upper Extremity']
| 19,387,731
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.350.600.350.700.060', 'E01.370.350.700.060.060', 'E01.370.350.700.700.060', 'E01.370.350.760.060', 'E01.370.370.050.060'], ['E04.035.087', 'E04.100.814.868.249'], ['E02.520.360', 'E02.926.500'], ['C23.550.767.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.800', 'E04.665'], ['E01.370.350.700.725', 'E04.502.780'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E01.370.350.850.855', 'E04.502.890'], ['A01.378.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Repeated summer drought delays sugar export from the leaf and impairs phloem transport in mature beech.
|
Phloem sustains maintenance and growth processes through transport of sugars from source to sink organs. Under low water availability, tree functioning is impaired, i.e., growth/photosynthesis decline and phloem transport may be hindered. In a 3-year throughfall exclusion (TE) experiment on mature European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) we conducted 13CO2 branch labeling to investigate translocation of recently fixed photoassimilates under experimental drought over 2 years (2015 and 2016). We hypothesized (H1) that mean residence time of photoassimilates in leaves (MRT) increases, whereas (H2) phloem transport velocity (Vphloem) decreases under drought. Transport of carbohydrates in the phloem was assessed via ä13C of CO2 efflux measured at two branch positions following 13CO2 labeling. Pre-dawn water potential (ØPD) and time-integrated soil water deficit (iSWD) were used to quantify drought stress. The MRT increased by 46% from 32.1 ± 5.4 h in control (CO) to 46.9 ± 12.3 h in TE trees, supporting H1, and positively correlated (P < 0.001) with iSWD. Confirming H2, Vphloem in 2016 decreased by 47% from 20.7 ± 5.8 cm h-1 in CO to 11.0 ± 2.9 cm h-1 in TE trees and positively correlated with ØPD (P = 0.001). We suggest that the positive correlation between MRT and iSWD is a result of the accumulation of osmolytes maintaining cell turgor in the leaves under longer drought periods. Furthermore, we propose that the positive correlation between Vphloem and ØPD is due to a lower water uptake of phloem conduits from surrounding tissues under increasing drought leading to a higher phloem sap viscosity and lower Vphloem. The two mechanisms increasing MRT and reducing Vphloem respond differently to low water availability and impair trees' carbon translocation under drought.
|
['Biological Transport', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Droughts', 'Fagus', 'Groundwater', 'Phloem', 'Plant Leaves', 'Seasons', 'Sugars', 'Trees', 'Water']
| 30,388,272
|
[['G03.143'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['G16.500.175.781', 'G16.500.750.775.154', 'N06.230.100.230.150'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.750.300.249'], ['G01.311.355'], ['A18.450.250'], ['A18.024.812'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['D09.947'], ['B01.650.915'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Stimulation of prostaglandin accumulation in preovulatory rat follicles by adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate.
|
LH stimulates an increase in prostaglandins in vitro in preovulatory follicles from rats pretreated with PMS gonadotropin. The role of cAMP in this action of LH was examined by incubating preovulatory follicles with various substances and determining the resultant prostaglandin (PG) E accumulation by radioimmunoassay. LH (5 microgram/ml) increased PGE accumulation to approximately 4 times the control (181 +/- 23 to 886 +/- 83 pg/follicle). The addition of 20 mM cAMP also stimulated PGE accumulation, and the addition of 20 mM cAMP in the presence of 0.5 mM 1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine was as effective as LH. Other nucleotides such as ATP, ADP, 3'-AMP, 5'-AMP, cGMP, and O2'-monobutyryl-cAMP did not stimulate PGE accumulation. On the other hand, (Bu)2cAMP, 8-bromo-cAMP, and N6-monobutyryl-cAMP produced an increase in PGE accumulation similar to that observed with LH. In addition, 10 microgram/ml cholera toxin was shown to increase both cAMP and PGE accumulation in preovulatory follicles. These results indicate that the prostaglandin response of follicles is specific for cAMP-like nucleotides or substances capable of increasing intracellular cAMP. The data support the concept that cAMP mediates the effect of LH on PGE accumulation in preovulatory follicles in the rat.
|
['Adenine Nucleotides', 'Animals', 'Cholera Toxin', 'Cyclic AMP', 'Cyclic GMP', 'Female', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Ovarian Follicle', 'Ovulation', 'Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors', 'Prostaglandins E', 'Rats']
| 217,586
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138', 'D13.695.667.138', 'D13.695.827.068'], ['B01.050'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.115.180', 'D23.946.123.194', 'D23.946.330.150'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.395', 'D13.695.462.200', 'D13.695.667.138.395', 'D13.695.827.068.395'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.160', 'D13.695.462.275', 'D13.695.667.454.160', 'D13.695.827.426.160'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.535', 'A06.300.312.497.535'], ['G08.686.784.690'], ['D27.505.519.389.735'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.250', 'D23.469.050.175.725.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Tumor histology and location predict deep nuclei toxicity: Implications for late effects from focal brain irradiation.
|
Normal tissue toxicity resulting from both disease and treatment is an adverse side effect in the management of patients with central nervous system malignancies. We tested the hypothesis that despite these improvements, certain tumors place patients at risk for neurocognitive, neuroendocrine, and neurosensory late effects. Defining patient groups at risk for these effects could allow for development of preventive strategies. Fifty patients with primary brain tumors underwent radiation planning with magnetic resonance imaging scan and computed tomography datasets. Organs at risk (OAR) responsible for neurocognitive, neuroendocrine, and neurosensory function were defined. Inverse-planned intensity-modulated radiation therapy was optimized with priority given to target coverage while penalties were assigned to exceeding normal tissue tolerances. Tumor laterality, location, and histology were compared with OAR doses, and analysis of variance was performed to determine the significance of any observed correlation. The ipsilateral hippocampus exceeded dose limits in frontal (74%), temporal (94%), and parietal (100%) lobe tumor locations. The contralateral hippocampus was at risk in the following tumor locations: frontal (53%), temporal (83%), or parietal (50%) lobe. Patients with high-grade glioma were at risk for ipsilateral (88%) and contralateral (73%) hippocampal damage (P <0.05 compared with other histologies). The pituitary gland and hypothalamus exceeded dose tolerances in patients with pituitary tumors (both 100%) and high-grade gliomas (50% and 75%, P <0.05 compared with other histologies), respectively. Despite application of modern radiation therapy, certain tumor locations and histologies continue to place patients at risk for morbidity. Patients with high-grade gliomas or tumors located in the frontal, temporal, or parietal lobes are at risk for neurocognitive decline, likely because of larger target volumes and higher radiation doses. Data from this study may help to stratify patients at risk for late effects to develop strategies to reduce frequency and severity of radiation sequelae.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Brain', 'Brain Injuries', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Child', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radiation Dosage', 'Radiation Injuries', 'Radiotherapy, Conformal', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 22,189,027
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A08.186.211'], ['C10.228.140.199', 'C10.900.300.087', 'C26.915.300.200'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['M01.060.406'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.799.513', 'G01.750.740', 'N06.850.810.250'], ['C26.733', 'G01.750.748.500', 'N06.850.460.350.850.500', 'N06.850.810.300.360'], ['E02.815.635.700', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.550'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Bt proteins Cry1Ah and Cry2Ab do not affect cotton aphid Aphis gossypii and ladybeetle Propylea japonica.
|
Plant varieties expressing the Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) insecticidal proteins Cry1Ah and Cry2Ab have potential commercialization prospects in China. However, their potential effects on non-target arthropods (NTAs) remain uncharacterized. The cotton aphid Aphis gossypii is a worldwide pest that damages various important crops. The ladybeetle Propylea japonica is a common and abundant natural enemy in many cropping systems in East Asia. In the present study, the effects of Cry1Ah and Cry2Ab proteins on A. gossypii and P. japonica were assessed from three aspects. First, neither of the Cry proteins affected the growth or developmental characteristics of the two test insects. Second, the expression levels of the detoxification-related genes of the two test insects did not change significantly in either Cry protein treatment. Third, neither of the Cry proteins had a favourable effect on the expression of genes associated with the amino acid metabolism of A. gossypii and the nutrition utilization of P. japonica. In conclusion, the Cry1Ah and Cry2Ab proteins do not appear to affect the cotton aphid A. gossypii or the ladybeetle P. japonica.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Animals', 'Aphids', 'Bacillus thuringiensis', 'Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Coleoptera', 'Endotoxins', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Genes, Insect', 'Gossypium', 'Hemolysin Proteins', 'Inactivation, Metabolic', 'Insect Control', 'Plants, Genetically Modified']
| 26,829,252
|
[['D12.125'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.412.165'], ['B03.300.390.400.158.218.800', 'B03.353.500.100.218.800', 'B03.510.100.100.218.800', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.800', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.800'], ['D23.946.123.090'], ['D12.776.097'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.375'], ['D23.946.123.329'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.340', 'G05.360.340.357.500'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.821.500.244'], ['D12.776.543.695.444'], ['G03.171.450', 'G03.787.225.450', 'G07.690.725.225.450'], ['N06.850.780.200.650.425'], ['B01.650.520', 'B05.620.600']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Kinetic modelling of [11C]flumazenil using data-driven methods.
|
PURPOSE: [(11)C]Flumazenil (FMZ) is a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist that binds reversibly to central-type gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA-A) sites. A validated approach for analysis of [(11)C]FMZ is the invasive one-tissue (1T) compartmental model. However, it would be advantageous to analyse FMZ binding with whole-brain pixel-based methods that do not require a-priori hypotheses regarding preselected regions. Therefore, in this study we compared invasive and noninvasive data-driven methods (Logan graphical analysis, LGA; multilinear reference tissue model, MRTM2; spectral analysis, SA; basis pursuit denoising, BPD) with the 1T model.METHODS: We focused on two aspects: (1) replacing the arterial input function analyses with a reference tissue method using the pons as the reference tissue, and (2) shortening the scan protocol from 90 min to 60 min. Dynamic PET scans were conducted in seven healthy volunteers with arterial blood sampling. Distribution volume ratios (DVRs) were selected as the common outcome measure.RESULTS: The SA, LGA with and without arterial input, and MRTM2 agreed best with the 1T model DVR values. The invasive and noninvasive BPD were slightly less well correlated. The full protocol of a 90-min emission data performed better than the 60-min protocol, but the 60-min protocol still delivered useful data, as assessed by the coefficient of variation, and the correlation and bias analyses.CONCLUSION: This study showed that the SA, LGA and MRTM2 are valid methods for the quantification of benzodiazepine receptor binding with [(11)C]FMZ using an invasive or noninvasive protocol, and therefore have the potential to reduce the invasiveness of the procedure.
|
['Brain', 'Chemistry, Pharmaceutical', 'Female', 'Flumazenil', 'Fluorodeoxyglucose F18', 'GABA Modulators', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Positron-Emission Tomography', 'Radiopharmaceuticals', 'Receptors, GABA-A', 'Time Factors']
| 19,043,703
|
[['A08.186.211'], ['H01.158.703.007', 'H01.181.466'], ['D03.633.100.079.080.070.305'], ['D09.254.229.500'], ['D27.505.519.625.240.500', 'D27.505.696.577.240.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399'], ['D27.505.259.843', 'D27.505.519.871', 'D27.720.470.410.650'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.175.562', 'D12.776.157.530.400.400.100.100', 'D12.776.543.550.450.175.562', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.100.100', 'D12.776.543.585.400.175.562', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.100.100', 'D12.776.543.750.130.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.300.300'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Epidemiology of Haemophilus influenzae type b disease in France.
|
Results are reported of an epidemiological study which spanned ten years and was carried out in two French departments. A total of 277 cases of Hib disease occurring in children < 5 years old are reported and, in this age group, the incidence is evaluated at 21/100,000. Meningitis accounted for 64% of infections and epiglottitis for 7%. While the overall mortality rate was 3.3%, death was secondary to meningitis in 7/8 cases. Sequelae, which were all related to meningitis, were major in 1.2% of cases, severe in 9% of cases, and involved some hearing loss in 3.3% of cases. The monitoring networks set up in the two departments were characterized by sensitivities of 87 and 94%, respectively. They should prove useful in assessing the impact of vaccination, when large-scale implementation of vaccination has spread to both departments.
|
['Child, Preschool', 'Drug Resistance, Microbial', 'Epiglottitis', 'Female', 'France', 'Haemophilus Infections', 'Haemophilus influenzae', 'Hearing Disorders', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Meningitis, Haemophilus']
| 8,447,173
|
[['M01.060.406.448'], ['G06.225', 'G07.690.773.984.269'], ['C01.748.798.200', 'C08.730.798.200'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['C01.150.252.400.700.433'], ['B03.440.450.600.450.330', 'B03.660.250.550.290.330'], ['C09.218.458', 'C10.597.751.418', 'C23.888.592.763.393'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['C01.150.252.223.500.425', 'C01.150.252.400.700.433.615', 'C01.207.180.500.425', 'C10.228.228.180.500.425', 'C10.228.614.280.393']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Longitudinal systolic left ventricular function in preterm and term neonates: reference values of the mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE) and calculation of z-scores.
|
The mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE) is a quick and reliable echocardiographic tool for assessing longitudinal left ventricular (LV) systolic function in children and adults. Because this parameter is affected by the LV longitudinal dimension, pediatric and adult normal values are not suitable for preterm and term neonates. A prospective study investigated a large group of preterm and term neonates [gestational age (GA), 26/0-6 to 40/0-6; birth weight (BW), 670-4,140 g]. The growth- and BW-related changes in MAPSE were determined to establish normal z-score values for preterm and term neonates. The MAPSE ranged from a mean of 0.36 ± 0.05 cm in preterm neonates with a GA of 26/0-6 to 0.56 ± 0.08 cm in term neonates with a GA of 40/0-6. The findings showed MAPSE, GA, and BW to be moderately correlated. Pearson's correlation coefficient was 0.56 for GA (MAPSE; p < 0.001) and 0.58 for BW (MAPSE; p < 0.001). The normal MAPSE values did not differ significantly between females and males (p = 0.946). The absolute values and z-scores of normal MAPSE values in healthy preterm and term neonates within the first 48 h of life were calculated, and percentile charts were established. Determination of LV function using MAPSE might be useful for vulnerable infants for whom a prolonged examination is inappropriate and for neonates with suboptimal visualization of the endocardium.
|
['Echocardiography', 'Female', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Premature', 'Intensive Care Units, Neonatal', 'Male', 'Mitral Valve', 'Prospective Studies', 'Reference Values', 'Ventricular Function, Left']
| 25,077,661
|
[['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.703.520.520'], ['N02.278.388.493.390.380'], ['A07.541.510.507'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.978.810'], ['G09.330.955.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Demographics and outcomes of severe herpes simplex virus hepatitis: a registry-based study.
|
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Herpes simplex virus hepatitis is a rare, but severe disease, thus far only documented by case reports and short series. The present study was based on the SRTR registry, and included all listed patients for liver transplantation from 1985 to 2009 with a diagnosis of HSV hepatitis.METHODS: We assessed demographics and outcome of all listed patients, and further conducted a case-control study, matching each transplanted patient with 10 controls. Matching criteria included: transplant status, MELD score ±5, transplant date ±6 months, and age at transplant ±5 years. During the study period, 30 patients were listed for HSV hepatitis. Of the 30 listed patients, seven recovered spontaneously and five died, prior to transplantation. The remaining 10 children and eight adults were transplanted.RESULTS: The chance of recovery was significantly higher in children than in adults (7/19 vs. 0/11, p=0.02). In children, survival was similar between HSV patients and the matched controls (5-year survival: 69% vs. 64%, p=0.89). Conversely, survival was poor in adult HSV (5-year survival: 38% vs. 65%, p=0.006), with 62% of them dying within the first 12 months. All three reported post-transplant deaths in children were independent from HSV. Among the seven adult post-transplant deaths, four were related to infection (bacterial, fungal, or viral).CONCLUSIONS: Children listed for HSV hepatitis have a significantly better survival than adults both prior and after liver transplantation. While HSV fulminant hepatitis is an appropriate indication for liver transplantation in children, it should only be performed in selected adult patients in otherwise good condition.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Hepatitis, Viral, Human', 'Herpes Simplex', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Liver Transplantation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Registries', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Waiting Lists', 'Young Adult']
| 21,703,210
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C01.925.440', 'C06.552.380.705'], ['C01.925.256.466.382', 'C01.925.825.320', 'C17.800.838.790.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['E02.095.147.725.490', 'E04.210.650', 'E04.936.450.490', 'E04.936.580.490'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['N04.452.095.738'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Lipid Uptake Is an Androgen-Enhanced Lipid Supply Pathway Associated with Prostate Cancer Disease Progression and Bone Metastasis.
|
De novo lipogenesis is a well-described androgen receptor (AR)-regulated metabolic pathway that supports prostate cancer tumor growth by providing fuel, membrane material, and steroid hormone precursor. In contrast, our current understanding of lipid supply from uptake of exogenous lipids and its regulation by AR is limited, and exogenous lipids may play a much more significant role in prostate cancer and disease progression than previously thought. By applying advanced automated quantitative fluorescence microscopy, we provide the most comprehensive functional analysis of lipid uptake in cancer cells to date and demonstrate that treatment of AR-positive prostate cancer cell lines with androgens results in significantly increased cellular uptake of fatty acids, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein particles. Consistent with a direct, regulatory role of AR in this process, androgen-enhanced lipid uptake can be blocked by the AR-antagonist enzalutamide, but is independent of proliferation and cell-cycle progression. This work for the first time comprehensively delineates the lipid transporter landscape in prostate cancer cell lines and patient samples by analysis of transcriptomics and proteomics data, including the plasma membrane proteome. We show that androgen exposure or deprivation regulates the expression of multiple lipid transporters in prostate cancer cell lines and tumor xenografts and that mRNA and protein expression of lipid transporters is enhanced in bone metastatic disease when compared with primary, localized prostate cancer. Our findings provide a strong rationale to investigate lipid uptake as a therapeutic cotarget in the fight against advanced prostate cancer in combination with inhibitors of lipogenesis to delay disease progression and metastasis. IMPLICATIONS: Prostate cancer exhibits metabolic plasticity in acquiring lipids from uptake and lipogenesis at different disease stages, indicating potential therapeutic benefit by cotargeting lipid supply.
|
['Androgens', 'Bone Neoplasms', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cholesterol', 'Disease Progression', 'Fatty Acids', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Gene Regulatory Networks', 'Humans', 'Lipid Metabolism', 'Lipoproteins, LDL', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Receptors, Androgen', 'Signal Transduction']
| 30,808,729
|
[['D27.505.696.399.472.161'], ['C04.588.149', 'C05.116.231'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['D10.251'], ['G05.308.370'], ['G05.360.080.689.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G03.458'], ['D10.532.515', 'D12.776.521.550'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['D12.776.826.750.150'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Amyloid beta protein toxicity mediated by the formation of amyloid-beta protein precursor complexes.
|
The amyloid-beta protein precursor, a type 1 transmembrane protein, gives rise to the amyloid beta-protein, a neurotoxic peptide postulated to be involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Here, we show that soluble amyloid beta protein accelerates amyloid precursor protein complex formation, a process that contributes to neuronal cell death. The mechanism of cell death involves the recruitment of caspase-8 to the complex, followed by intracytoplasmic caspase cleavage of amyloid precursor protein. In vivo, the levels of soluble amyloid beta protein correlated with caspase-cleaved fragments of the amyloid precursor protein in brains of Alzheimer's disease subjects. These findings suggest that soluble amyloid beta protein-induced multimerization of the amyloid precursor protein may be another mechanism by which amyloid beta protein contributes to synapse loss and neuronal cell death seen in Alzheimer's disease.
|
['Amyloid beta-Peptides', 'Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor', 'Animals', 'Brain', 'Caspases', 'Cell Death', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Humans', 'Mice']
| 14,681,887
|
[['D12.644.024', 'D12.776.049.407.249.500', 'D12.776.543.039.500'], ['D12.776.049.407.249', 'D12.776.543.039', 'D12.776.645.468.500', 'D12.776.811.050'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126', 'D12.644.360.075.405', 'D12.776.476.075.405'], ['G04.146'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hidden semi-Markov models in the computerized decoding of microelectrode recording data for deep brain stimulator placement.
|
OBJECTIVE: To describe an approach to the analysis of deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) using a hidden semi-Markov model (HsMM) and early results of the analysis of microelectrode recordings for STN DBS.METHODS: The author simulated the anatomy and electrophysiology of STN DBS and built a seven-state model to compare Hidden Markov model (HMM) and HsMM approaches.RESULTS: Accuracy of these competing models was similar for correctly identifying brain nuclei; however, HsMMs showed superior specificity in detecting microelectrode passes traversing the STN.CONCLUSIONS: Further clinical work must be done; however, based on these data, HsMMs may be best suited to computer-assisted anatomic delineation for DBS.
|
['Brain', 'Deep Brain Stimulation', 'Electrodes, Implanted', 'Electrophysiological Phenomena', 'Humans', 'Markov Chains', 'Microelectrodes', 'Models, Statistical', 'Substantia Nigra', 'Subthalamus', 'Thalamus']
| 21,704,949
|
[['A08.186.211'], ['E02.331.300', 'E04.190'], ['E07.305.250.319', 'E07.695.202'], ['G07.265'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.600.500', 'E05.318.740.996.500', 'G17.830.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.500', 'N05.715.360.750.770.500', 'N06.850.520.830.600.500', 'N06.850.520.830.996.500'], ['E07.305.250.500'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['A08.186.211.132.659.413.656'], ['A08.186.211.200.317.800'], ['A08.186.211.200.317.826']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Heparin therapy of pregnant women with placental insufficiency].
|
In the presence of low-dosage administrations of heparin the system of hemostasis was studied in 50 pregnant females with placental failure and the chronic DIC syndrome. The efficacy of the treatment conducted was assessed with regard to the revealed levels of coagulation natural inhibitors, the products of fibrinogen-fibrin degradation, the degree of thrombocytic functional recovery and stabilization of the chronometric values of coagulation. The latter parameters considered together with the levels of heparinemia served as the criteria for the safety of the drug dosages employed.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Coagulation', 'Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation', 'Female', 'Heparin', 'Humans', 'Placenta Diseases', 'Placental Insufficiency', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic']
| 2,817,276
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G09.188.390.150'], ['C15.378.100.220', 'C15.378.463.250', 'C15.378.925.220'], ['D09.698.373.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C13.703.590'], ['C13.703.590.800'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.667', 'C15.378.785']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Sensitization to the psychomotor stimulant effects of amphetamine: modulation by associative learning.
|
The authors investigated the influence of associative pairing of contextual stimuli with amphetamine administration on the expression of psychomotor sensitization. Animals received d-amphetamine or saline in group-specific environments. Amphetamine produced robust behavioral sensitization in all environments, but when an amphetamine challenge was given in a test environment that was novel for some groups but not others, the expression of sensitization was completely context specific. An injection of saline in the amphetamine-paired environment produced a conditional response (CR), but this was quite small compared to the magnitude of the sensitized response, and sensitization remained completely context specific following extinction of the CR. Results are discussed in relation to 3 models of how context may modulate the expression of sensitization: an excitatory conditioning model, an inhibitory conditioning model, and an occasion-setting model.
|
['Amphetamine', 'Animals', 'Association Learning', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Conditioning, Classical', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Male', 'Motor Activity', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley']
| 8,986,341
|
[['D02.092.471.683.152.110'], ['B01.050'], ['F02.463.425.069.296'], ['F01.145.113'], ['F02.463.425.179.308'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Misunderstood neurological side effects of amodiaquine: apropos of 35 cases in children at Central University Hospital of Yopougon at Abidjan, C?te d' Ivoire].
|
The case reports about the neurological sides effects of amodiaquine are scare, and just a few of them concerned the children. But more and more, amodiaquine is prescribed because of the resistance of Plasmodium in front of chloroquine. And, in the endemic area of malaria, there are more and more neurological side effects with amodiaquine among the children. From a retrospective study, from January 1998 to June 2000, the authors described 35 case reports of children aged from 5 months to 15 years who presented neurological side effects after taking amodiaquine in endemic malarial area. The aim of this study is, first to inform the pediatricians in our area about these side effects, as they are not mentioned in therapeutic guides. Second, it shows that it is not exceptional in the endemic area of malaria.
|
['Adolescent', 'Amodiaquine', 'Antimalarials', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Chloroquine', "Cote d'Ivoire", 'Drug Resistance', 'Endemic Diseases', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Malaria, Falciparum', 'Nervous System Diseases', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 14,717,048
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D03.633.100.810.050.060'], ['D27.505.954.122.250.100.085'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D03.633.100.810.050.180'], ['Z01.058.290.190.272'], ['G07.690.773.984'], ['N06.850.392'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C01.610.752.530.650', 'C01.920.875.650'], ['C10'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms are risk factors for obesity and physical inactivity in adolescence.
|
OBJECTIVE: To prospectively investigate the association and directionality between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and obesity from childhood to adolescence in the general population. We examined whether obesogenic behaviors, namely, physical inactivity and binge eating, underlie the potential ADHD symptom-obesity association. We explored whether childhood conduct disorder (CD) symptoms are related to adolescent obesity/physical inactivity.METHOD: At 7 to 8 years (n = 8,106), teachers reported ADHD and CD symptoms, and parents reported body mass index (BMI) and physically active play. At 16 years (n = 6,934), parents reported ADHD symptoms; adolescents reported physical activity (transformed to metabolic equivalent of task [MET] hours per week) and binge eating; BMI and waist-hip ratio (WHR) were measured via clinical examination. Obesity was defined using the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) cut-offs for BMI and the 95th percentile cut-off for WHR.RESULTS: Childhood ADHD symptoms significantly predicted adolescent obesity, rather than the opposite. Inattention-hyperactivity symptoms at 8 years were associated with indices of obesity at 16 years (obese BMI: odds ratio [OR] = 1.91, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.10-3.33; 95th percentile WHR: OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.05-2.78), adjusted for gender, baseline BMI, physical activity, family structure change, and maternal education. Child CD symptoms associated with indices of adolescent obesity. Reduced physically active play in childhood predicted adolescent inattention (OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.16-2.24). Childhood ADHD and CD symptoms were linked with physical inactivity in adolescence (inattention-hyperactivity; OR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.20-2.13), but not binge eating. Physical inactivity mediated the associations.CONCLUSIONS: Children with ADHD or CD symptoms are at increased risk for becoming obese and physically inactive adolescents. Physical activity may be beneficial for both behavior problems and obesity.
|
['Adolescent', 'Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity', 'Bulimia', 'Child', 'Comorbidity', 'Conduct Disorder', 'Female', 'Finland', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Motor Activity', 'Pediatric Obesity', 'Risk Factors']
| 24,655,652
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F03.625.094.150'], ['C23.888.821.645.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['F03.625.094.300'], ['Z01.542.816.186'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['C18.654.726.500.720', 'C23.888.144.699.500.750', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Sub-populations of pars compacta neurons in the substantia nigra: the significance of qualitatively and quantitatively distinct conductances.
|
In the substantia nigra pars compacta neurons can be classified in two sub-populations. In this study the distinguishing criteria have been the presence of four distinct calcium-dependent potentials, two each generated selectively and exclusively in each cell type. One class of cells, found in the more caudal pars compacta, displays calcium-mediated, slow oscillatory potentials which occur spontaneously and generate long-duration afterhyperpolarizations. A second, much faster calcium spike can be evoked after the blockade of sodium and potassium channels. This spike has a high generation threshold and is followed by a fast afterhyperpolarization. The other group of neurons is distributed principally in the rostral substantia nigra, at the level of the mammilary bodies. In these cells, a low-threshold calcium spike is generated that (i) inactivates at depolarized potentials, (ii) has no active negative phase, and (iii) causes burst firing action potentials. In all these three respects, this transient differs from the slow oscillatory potential in the more caudal group of neurons. In addition, a short-duration calcium-dependent potential can be evoked at a high threshold. Both the low- and high-threshold spikes of the rostral cells are attenuated in experiments where dendrites have been sectioned prior to the recording. The membrane properties of the caudal cell group, including the fast calcium spike, are unaffected by dendritic sectioning. It is suggested that in the guinea-pig the calcium conductances in the caudal neurons operate in or near the cell body and might play a large (though not necessarily exclusive) role in regulating autorhythmicity. In the more rostral cells, the characteristics of their particular calcium conductances which seem to be located more distally would prompt a mediating function in the secretion, and subsequent action, of neuroactive substances from dendrites.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Animals', 'Calcium', 'Dendrites', 'Female', 'Guinea Pigs', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Microelectrodes', 'Neurons', 'Substantia Nigra', 'Tetraethylammonium', 'Tetraethylammonium Compounds', 'Tetrodotoxin']
| 1,603,327
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['A08.675.256', 'A11.284.180.225', 'A11.671.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['E05.481'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['E07.305.250.500'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['A08.186.211.132.659.413.656'], ['D02.092.877.787.500', 'D02.675.276.787.500'], ['D02.092.877.787', 'D02.675.276.787'], ['D03.633.100.786.910', 'D23.946.580.910']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Purification and characterization of multisquamase, the prothrombin activator present in Echis multisquamatus venom.
|
The venom of Echis multisquamatus (Central Asian sand viper) contains a single prothrombin activator, designated multisquamase, which is structurally and functionally different from ecarin, the prothrombin activator from the venom of Echis carinatus (saw-scaled viper). Multisquamase is comprised of a 58000 Mr and a 23000 Mr subunit that consists of two disulfide-linked chains of 12000 Mr and 10000 Mr, respectively. In contrast to ecarin, which activates prothrombin and prethrombin 1 at comparable rates, and whose activity is hardly affected by Ca2+ or by changes in ionic strength, multisquamase hardly activates prethrombin 1; prothrombin activation requires Ca2+ and is strongly inhibited at high ionic strength. The most favourable kinetic parameters are observed at 1 mM Ca2+ and at low ionic strength (Km=0.085 microM and kcat=0.68 s(-1) at I approximately 0.04). An increase in ionic strength considerably reduces the rate of prothrombin activation, due to an increase of the Km (Km=0.8 microM and kcat=1.03 s(-1) at I approximately 0.2). Studies in plasmas from patients on oral anticoagulant therapy show that E. Multisquamatus venom only activates carboxylated prothrombin, whereas E. carinatus activates both prothrombin and descarboxyprothrombin. Thus, multisquamase-dependent prothrombin activation appears to require post-translational modification of the gla-domain. This venom prothrombin activator may, therefore, become a useful tool to quantitate prothrombin and descarboxyprothrombin in cases where vitamin K-dependent carboxylation of prothrombin is impaired.
|
['Enzymes', 'Metalloendopeptidases', 'Prothrombin', 'Thrombin', 'Viper Venoms']
| 9,526,951
|
[['D08.811'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374'], ['D08.622.709', 'D12.776.124.125.800', 'D12.776.811.243.709', 'D23.119.945'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.855', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.855', 'D12.776.124.125.890', 'D23.119.960'], ['D20.888.850.960', 'D23.946.833.850.960']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Undergraduate training in oncology: an ESO continuing challenge for medical students.
|
During the last six years the European School of Oncology (ESO) opened an undergraduate programme for European medical students, aiming to further improve their oncology knowledge and clinical skills. In this endeavour a 5-day course is organized every summer at the University of Ioannina, Greece, where distinguished European oncologists introduce preselected medical students to cancer medicine. The programme includes teaching of several oncological topic regarding diagnosis and treatment of the most common tumours; interactive case presentations and discussions were also incorporated. An overall of 229 medical students, mostly from European medical schools, have been taking part to this intensive summer course, from 2004 to 2009. This article presents the detailed educational programme, the evaluation results and the outcome of the last six ESO courses; an assessment of the oncological curricula available across European faculties is also presented.
|
['Adult', 'Curriculum', 'Education, Medical, Undergraduate', 'Educational Measurement', 'Educational Status', 'Faculty, Medical', 'Female', 'Greece', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Medical Oncology', 'Program Evaluation', 'School Admission Criteria', 'Schools, Medical', 'Teaching', 'Young Adult']
| 20,708,925
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['I02.158'], ['I02.358.399.450'], ['I02.399'], ['N01.824.196'], ['M01.526.485.375', 'M01.526.702.250.373', 'N02.360.375'], ['Z01.542.383'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.403.429.515'], ['E05.337.820', 'N04.761.685', 'N05.715.360.650'], ['I02.399.750'], ['I02.783.495.552', 'N02.278.020.578'], ['I02.903'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The effect of wheelchair Tai Chi on balance control and quality of life among survivors of spinal cord injuries: A randomized controlled trial.
|
BACKGROUND: Wheelchair-related falls are common in survivors with spinal cord injury (SCI). We aimed to assess the effects of wheelchair Tai Chi (WCTC) practice on balance control and quality of life (QOL) among SCI survivors.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty SCI survivors were equally divided into WCTC and control groups. The control participants only received the normal rehabilitation intervention, while the WCTC intervention involved 30-min sessions, 2 sessions/day, and 5 days/week for 6 weeks. Static sitting balance, trunk muscle strength, handgrip strength, and QOL were evaluated and statistically analyzed.RESULTS: Compared with the control group, static sitting balance, left handgrip strength, and the psychological domain of QOL improved significantly in the WCTC group (time by group interaction, p < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Six weeks' WCTC training improved static sitting balance and QOL in survivors with SCI. It may be a feasible, safe, and effective exercise for SCI survivors.
|
['Humans', 'Postural Balance', 'Quality of Life', 'Spinal Cord Injuries', 'Survivors', 'Tai Ji', 'Wheelchairs']
| 30,396,629
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.830.816.541.752', 'G07.888.750.500', 'G11.427.690', 'G11.561.790.541.595'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['C10.228.854.763', 'C10.900.850', 'C26.819'], ['M01.860'], ['E02.190.525.890', 'E02.779.474.913', 'I03.450.642.845.560.500'], ['E07.796.980']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Invitro antifungal susceptibilities of Candida species to liposomal amphotericin B, determined using CLSI broth microdilution, and amphotericin B deoxycholate, measured using the Etest.
|
The antifungal susceptibilities of 598 isolates of Candida spp. (bloodstream and other sterile sites) to liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) versus amphotericin B (AmB) were determined. MICs were calculated using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution (M27-A3) method for L-AmB and the Etest method for AmB. The MIC50/MIC90 (µg ml-1) values for L-AmB broth microdilution and AmB Etest were 0.25/1 and 0.19/0.5, respectively. The overall essential agreement (±2 dilutions) was 91.5 %, ranging from 37.5 % (Candida lusitaniae) to 100 % (Candida glabrata and Candida krusei). Categorical agreement between the two methods was categorized based on a previously published breakpoint (susceptible/resistant MIC cut-off of 1 µg ml-1). The overall categorical agreement at the 48 h reading was 97.3 %, ranging from 72.7 % (C. krusei) to 100 % (Candida albicans). Major and very major discrepancies occurred in 2.3 and 0.3 %, respectively. Spearman's ñ was 0.48 (P<0.0001). These results demonstrate the utility of the AmB Etest as a surrogate marker to predict the sensibility and resistance of Candida spp. to L-AmB and thus to support its use in antifungal treatment.
|
['Amphotericin B', 'Antifungal Agents', 'Candida', 'Candida albicans', 'Candida glabrata', 'Deoxycholic Acid', 'Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests', 'Drug Combinations', 'Drug Resistance, Fungal', 'Humans', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests']
| 27,959,780
|
[['D02.540.576.500.500'], ['D27.505.954.122.136'], ['B01.300.107.795.095', 'B01.300.381.147', 'B01.300.930.176'], ['B01.300.107.795.095.326', 'B01.300.381.147.326', 'B01.300.930.176.326'], ['B01.300.107.795.095.400', 'B01.300.381.147.400', 'B01.300.930.176.400'], ['D04.210.500.105.225.272', 'D04.210.500.221.430.342'], ['E01.370.225.875.595.399', 'E05.200.875.595.399'], ['D26.310'], ['G06.225.383', 'G07.690.773.984.269.383'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Biogenic amines and their metabolites in mouse brain tissue: development, optimization and validation of an analytical HPLC method.
|
A simple and fast HPLC method based on an isocratic, reversed-phased ion-pair with amperometric end-point detection for simultaneous measurement of noradrenergic (MHPG/NA and A), dopaminergic (DOPAC, HVA/DA) and serotonergic (5-HIAA/5-HT) compounds in mouse brain tissue was developed. In order to improve the chromatographic resolution (Rs) with an acceptable total analysis time, experimental designs for multivariate optimization of the experimental conditions were applied. The optimal conditions for the separation of the eight neurotransmitters and metabolites, as well as two internal standards, i.e., DHBA and 5-HMT, were obtained using a mixture of methanol-phosphate-citric buffer (pH 3.2, 50 mM) (9:91, v/v) containing 2 mM OSA as mobile phase at 32°C on a microbore ALF-115 column (150 mm ? 1.0 mm, 3 ìm particle size) filled with porous C(18) silica stationary phase. In this study, a two-level fractional factorial experimental design (½ 2(K)) was employed to optimize the separation and capacity factor (k') of each molecule, leading to a good separation of all biogenic amines and their metabolites in brain tissue. A simple method for the preparation of different bio-analytical samples in phosphate-citric buffer was also developed. Results show that all molecules of interest were stabilized for at least 24 h in the matrix conditions without any antioxidants. The method was fully validated according to the requirements of SFSTP (Soci?t? Fran?aise des Sciences et Techniques Pharmaceutiques). The acceptance limits were set at ±15% of the nominal concentration. The method was found accurate over a concentration range of 4-2000 ng/ml for MHPG, 1-450 ng/ml for NA, 1-700 ng/ml for A, 1-300 ng/ml for DOPAC, 1-300 ng/ml for 5-HIAA, 1-700 ng/ml for DA, 4-2800 ng/ml for HVA and 1-350 ng/ml for 5-HT. The assay limits of detection for MHPG, NA, A, DOPAC, 5-HIAA, DA, HVA and 5-HT were 2.6, 2.8, 4.1, 0.7, 0.6, 0.8, 4.2 and 1.4 pg, respectively. It was found that the mean inter- and intra-assay relative standard deviations (RSDs) over the range of standard curve were less than 3%, the absolute and the relative recoveries were around 100%, demonstrating the high precision and accuracy, and reliability of the analytical method described to apply in routine analysis of biogenic amines and their metabolites in brain tissue.
|
['Animals', 'Biogenic Amines', 'Brain', 'Brain Chemistry', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL']
| 20,934,393
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.092.211'], ['A08.186.211'], ['G02.111.150', 'G03.185'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The dynamics of intergroup helping: the case of subtle bias against Latinos.
|
Despite the traditional importance of Latinos in the U.S., the growing Latino population, and evidence of group-based disparities, psychological studies of discrimination against Latinos are surprisingly rare. The present research investigated the relationship between prejudice against Latinos and subtle bias, specifically the degree to which people offer autonomy-oriented relative to dependency-oriented assistance to a Latina in need. Participants read scenarios that described concrete social problems faced by particular Latinas, African Americans, or Whites and then indicated their support for forms of helping. Participants higher in prejudice against Latinos, assessed with an adaptation of the Modern Racism Scale, were less likely to offer autonomy-oriented help, and significantly more so after reading scenarios about a Latina than about an African American or a White woman. These findings extend previous work by identifying, experimentally, subtle bias against Latinas in helping and directly implicate the role of prejudice against Latinos in this process.
|
['African Americans', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Ethnic Groups', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Female', 'Helping Behavior', 'Hispanic Americans', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Racism']
| 23,914,744
|
[['M01.686.508.100.100', 'M01.686.754.100'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['M01.686.754', 'N01.224.317'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['F01.145.813.225'], ['M01.686.754.441'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.813.550.500', 'F01.145.813.629.625', 'F01.829.595.500', 'I01.880.735.820.500.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[A resected case of huge advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(BCC)treated with intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with interferon-alpha].
|
A58-year-old man with upper abdominal pain had a duodenal perforation and a huge hepatocellular carcinoma (BCC). Atumor embolism in the main portal vein was also seen. Extended right lobectomy against a huge tumor in right lobe and ethanol injection to a tumor in the lateral segment were performed. In addition, fluorouracil arterial infusion and interferon therapy(FAIT)were carried out. He has been for 4 years and 6 months without recurrence. Although prognosis of patients with a huge BCC is miserable even if curative hepatic resection is performed, it may be possible for adjuvant FAIT to suppress the recurrence after hepatic resection for huge BCC.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Fluorouracil', 'Hepatectomy', 'Humans', 'Infusions, Intra-Arterial', 'Interferon-alpha', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 18,931,583
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['E02.319.310'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404'], ['E04.210.556'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.510.520'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890.250', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890.250', 'D23.529.374.440.890.250'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Inspiratory and expiratory muscle training in subacute stroke: A randomized clinical trial.
|
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness, feasibility, and safety of short-term inspiratory and expiratory muscle training (IEMT) in subacute stroke patients.METHODS: Within 2 weeks of stroke onset, 109 patients with a first ischemic stroke event were randomly assigned to the IEMT (n = 56) or sham IEMT (n = 53) study group. The IEMT consisted of 5 sets of 10 repetitions, twice a day, 5 days per week for 3 weeks, at a training workload equivalent to 30% of maximal respiratory pressures. Patients and researchers assessing outcome variables were blinded to the assigned study group. The main outcome was respiratory muscle strength assessed by maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (PImax, PEmax). Respiratory complications at 6 months were also recorded.RESULTS: Both groups improved respiratory muscle strength during the study. IEMT was associated with significantly improved %PImax and %PEmax: effect size d = 0.74 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.28-1.20) and d = 0.56 (95% CI 0.11-1.02), respectively. No significant training effect was observed for peripheral muscle strength. Respiratory complications at 6 months occurred more frequently in the sham group (8 vs 2, p = 0.042), with an absolute risk reduction of 14%. The number needed to treat to prevent one lung infection event over a follow-up of 6 months was 7. No major adverse events or side effects were observed.CONCLUSION: IEMT induces significant improvement in inspiratory and expiratory muscle strength and could potentially offer an additional therapeutic tool aimed to reduce respiratory complications at 6 months in stroke patients.CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class II evidence that short-term training may have the potential to improve respiratory muscle strength in patients with subacute stroke.
|
['Aged', 'Brain Ischemia', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Exercise Therapy', 'Exhalation', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Inhalation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscle Strength', 'Respiratory Muscles', 'Stroke', 'Stroke Rehabilitation', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 26,180,145
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.228.140.300.150', 'C14.907.253.092'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.387', 'E02.779.483', 'E02.831.535.483'], ['G09.772.705.700.275'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G09.772.705.700.390'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.600.425', 'G11.427.560'], ['A02.633.567.900'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.477.500', 'E02.831.477.500', 'H02.403.680.600.750.500', 'N02.421.784.511.500'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Design, synthesis, molecular modeling and anti-hyperglycemic evaluation of phthalimide-sulfonylurea hybrids as PPARã and SUR agonists.
|
New series of phthalimide-sulfonylurea hybrids were prepared and examined for their in vivo anti-hyperglycemic activities in STZ-induced hyperglycemic rats using glibenclamide as a reference drug. Compounds 6c, 6d, 6g, 6h, 6j and 6k induced significant reduction in the blood glucose levels of diabetic rats ranging from 24.43 to 21.43%. Moreover, molecular docking and pharmacophore approaches were carried out to examine binding modes and fit values of the prepared compounds against PPARã and SUR, respectively. Compounds 6c, 6d, 6j and 6m exhibited the highest binding free energies against PPARã. Compounds 6c, 6j, 6k, 6l, and 6n showed the highest fit values against the generated pharmacophore model. Also, QSAR technique was carried out to estimate the proposed PPARã binding affinities and insulin-secreting abilities. The synthesized compounds showed promising estimated activities. In-silico ADMET studies were performed to investigate pharmacokinetics of the synthesized compounds. They showed considerable human intestinal absorption with low BBB penetration.
|
['Animals', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Design', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Male', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Structure', 'PPAR gamma', 'Phthalimides', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Streptozocin', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Sulfonylurea Compounds', 'Sulfonylurea Receptors']
| 31,310,882
|
[['B01.050'], ['C18.452.394.750.074', 'C19.246.240', 'E05.598.500.374'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E05.290.500', 'H01.158.703.007.338.500', 'H01.181.466.338.500'], ['D27.505.696.422'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D12.776.826.239.588'], ['D02.241.223.805.810', 'D02.478.600', 'D03.633.100.513.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D02.065.950.594.768', 'D02.654.692.768', 'D09.408.051.900'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['D02.065.950.828', 'D02.886.590.795'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600.450.550.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750.450.550.500', 'D12.776.543.585.100.805', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750.450.550.500', 'D12.776.827.775']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Does biofuel smoke contribute to anaemia and stunting in early childhood?
|
BACKGROUND: Reliance on biomass fuels for cooking and heating exposes many women and young children in developing countries to high levels of air pollution indoors. Exposure to biomass smoke has been linked to reduced birth weight, acute respiratory infections, and childhood mortality. This study examines the association between household use of biofuels (wood, dung, and crop residues) for cooking and heating and prevalence of anaemia and stunting in children.METHODS: Data are from a 1998-99 national family health survey in India, which measured height, weight, and blood haemoglobin of 29 768 children aged 0-35 months in 92 486 households. Multinomial logistic regression is used to estimate the effects of biofuel use on prevalence of anaemia and stunting, controlling for exposure to tobacco smoke, recent episodes of illness, maternal education and nutrition, and other potentially confounding factors.RESULTS: Analysis shows that prevalence of moderate-to-severe anaemia was significantly higher among children in households using biofuels than among children in households using cleaner fuels (RRR = 1.58; 95% CI: 1.28, 1.94), independent of other factors. Prevalence of severe stunting was also significantly higher among children in biofuel-using households (RRR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.44, 2.36). Thirty-one per cent of moderate-to-severe anaemia and 37% of severe stunting among children aged 6-35 months in India may be attributable to exposure to biofuel smoke. Effects on mild anaemia and moderate stunting were smaller, but positive and statistically significant. Effects of exposure to tobacco smoke on anaemia and stunting were small and not significant.CONCLUSIONS: The study provides a first evidence of the strong association between biofuel use and risks of anaemia and stunting in children, suggesting that exposure to biofuel smoke may contribute to chronic nutritional deficiencies in young children.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Air Pollution, Indoor', 'Anemia', 'Biomass', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cooking', 'Crops, Agricultural', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Female', 'Growth Disorders', 'Health Surveys', 'Heating', 'Humans', 'India', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Prevalence', 'Respiratory Tract Infections', 'Risk Assessment', 'Rural Health', 'Smoke', 'Wood']
| 17,085,456
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['N06.850.460.100.080'], ['C15.378.071'], ['G16.500.275.157.100', 'N06.230.124.100'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['J01.576.423.200.200'], ['B01.650.160', 'G07.203.300.300', 'J02.500.300'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['C23.550.393'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['N06.230.150.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['C01.748', 'C08.730'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['N01.400.548.750'], ['D20.633.937'], ['A18.450.500.500', 'J01.637.241.900']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Mutational analysis of candidate genes in a Chinese pedigree with dominantly inherited auditory neuropathy].
|
OBJECTIVE: Three genes including the OTOF, the DFNB59 and the DIAPH3 have been implicated previously in human non-syndromic auditory neuropathy. In this study, we aim to investigate whether DIAPH3 gene or the known deafness loci of 25 cloned autosomal dominant deafness (DFNA) genes contribute to the nonsyndromic hearing loss of a Chinese pedigree with dominantly inherited auditory neuropathy (AN).METHOD: Nine members of the kernal pedigree in this family were selected. Genomic DNA was isolated from the peripheral leukocytes of the subjects using the Puregene DNA Isolation Kits. Firstly, the 5'UTR of DIAPH3 gene was PCR amplified in all subjects. Then, the DNA fragments spanning the entire coding regions of DIAPH3, GJB2 and GJB3 genes, and 50 exons in other 23 cloned DFNA genes were amplified using specific primers. Each fragment was purified and analyzed by direct sequencing. The resultant sequence data were compared with the standard sequence to identify deafness-associated mutations.RESULT: PCR amplifications were successfully conducted. We failed to detect the presence either of c. --172G > A mutation in the 5'UTR that have been reported, or any other deafness-associated mutations in the whole DIAPH3 gene, by sequence analysis. We also did not find any known deafness-causing mutations among the 25 cloned DFNA genes.CONCLUSION: The DIAPH3 gene, and the known deafness loci of 25 cloned DFNA genes seem not contribute to the pathogenesis of this Chinese AN family in this study, which suggesting new gene(s) involvement.
|
['Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing', 'Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'China', 'Connexins', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Deafness', 'Exons', 'Formins', 'Hearing Loss', 'Hearing Loss, Central', 'Hearing Loss, Sensorineural', 'Humans', 'Mutation', 'Pedigree', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction']
| 22,870,719
|
[['D12.644.360.024', 'D12.776.157.057', 'D12.776.476.024'], ['M01.686.508.200'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['D12.776.543.585.250'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['C09.218.458.341.186', 'C10.597.751.418.341.186', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.186'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['D05.750.078.730.333', 'D12.776.220.525.333'], ['C09.218.458.341', 'C10.597.751.418.341', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341'], ['C09.218.458.341.887.432', 'C09.218.807.186.432', 'C10.228.140.068.432', 'C10.597.751.418.341.887.432', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.887.432'], ['C09.218.458.341.887', 'C10.597.751.418.341.887', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.887'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.590'], ['E05.393.673'], ['E05.393.620.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
FTIR, FT-Raman spectra and ab initio DFT vibrational analysis of 2-bromo-4-methyl-phenylamine.
|
The FTIR and FT-Raman spectra of 2-bromo-4-methyl-phenylamine (BMP) have been recorded. From the standard geometrical parameters the geometry of BMP was optimized at ab initio and DFT levels of theory with complete relaxation in the potential energy surface using 6-311+g(d,p) and 6-311+g(2df,2p) basis sets. Several thermodynamic parameters were also calculated for the minimum energy conformer at ab initio and DFT level of theories. The harmonic vibrational frequencies were calculated and the scaled values have been compared with experimental FTIR and FT-Raman spectra. Majority of the computed wavenumbers were found to be in good agreement with the experimental observations. The experimental spectra also coincide satisfactorily with those of theoretically constructed bar type spectrograms.
|
['Aniline Compounds', 'Chemical Phenomena', 'Chemistry, Physical', 'Entropy', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared', 'Spectrum Analysis, Raman', 'Thermodynamics', 'Toluidines', 'Vibration']
| 16,257,782
|
[['D02.092.146'], ['G02'], ['H01.181.529'], ['G01.906.345'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['E05.196.712.726.676.700', 'E05.196.867.826.676.700'], ['E05.196.822.860', 'E05.196.867.890'], ['G01.906'], ['D02.092.146.859', 'D02.455.426.559.389.832.559'], ['G01.374.930']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Psychosocial aspects before and up to 2 years after heart or lung transplantation: Experience of patients and their next of kin.
|
BACKGROUND: Psychosocial factors are important for patients undergoing heart (HTx) or lung (LTx) transplantation and for their next of kin (NoK).AIM: To describe health-related quality of life (HRQoL; patients only), anxiety, depression, stress, coping ability, and burden (NoK only) for patients and their NoK before and up to 2 years after HTx or LTx.DESIGN: Adult patients (28 hearts and 26 lungs) and their appointed NoK were surveyed with questionnaires about specific psychosocial topics when they were accepted for the transplantation waiting list and 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after transplantation.FINDINGS: Patients' coping ability and self-perceived health were low at baseline and improved over time after transplantation. However, lung patients took longer time to recover in terms of HRQoL, depression, and stress than heart patients. Similarly, NoK of lung patients experienced a higher burden and more stress 1 year after transplantation than NoK of heart patients.CONCLUSIONS: Healthcare professionals should be aware of the psychosocial challenges patients and their NoK face in daily living and provide support both before and after heart or lung transplantation.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Anxiety Disorders', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Family', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Heart Transplantation', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Lung Transplantation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Quality of Life', 'Risk Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Young Adult']
| 28,039,882
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F03.080'], ['F03.600.300'], ['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E04.100.376.475', 'E04.928.220.390', 'E04.936.450.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['E04.928.600.495', 'E04.936.450.495'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Protamine-sensitive polymer membrane electrode: characterization and bioanalytical applications.
|
A polymeric membrane electrode that exhibits significant and analytically useful potentiometric response to submicromolar levels of the heparin antagonist, protamine, is reported. The sensor is prepared by incorporating a lipophilic cation exchanger, potassium tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl)borate (KTpClPB) (at 1 wt%), within a specially formulated polymer membrane composed of 33 wt% 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether (2-NPOE), and 66 wt% poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). When the polymer film is mounted in an appropriate electrode body, the resulting membrane electrode responds reproducibly to protamine via a nonequilibrium quasi-steady-state change in the phase boundary potential at the membrane/sample interface. Such response can be used to directly monitor, via classical potentiometric titrations, the binding between protamine and a variety of native (porcine and beef) as well as low-molecular-weight heparins. Scatchard analysis of the EMF titration data provides binding constants and stoichiometries for protamine-heparin interactions. The electrode can be further used to follow the enzymatic digestion of protamine by trypsin. In the presence of a given level of protamine, initial rates of potential decrease (-dE/dt) are shown to be linearly related to trypsin activity in solution over the range of 0-130 units/ml. The speed and simplicity of the protamine sensor make it an attractive alternative to classical methods for studying the interaction of protamine with other biologically important macromolecules as well as the proteolytic activity and reaction kinetics of trypsin.
|
['Electrodes', 'Heparin', 'Membranes, Artificial', 'Potentiometry', 'Protamines', 'Trypsin']
| 7,710,074
|
[['E07.305.250'], ['D09.698.373.400'], ['D25.479', 'J01.637.051.479', 'J01.637.087.500'], ['E05.196.922.750', 'E05.301.710'], ['D12.776.660.750', 'D12.776.664.750'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.895', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.895']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Stromal serine protein kinase activity in spinach chloroplasts.
|
At least twelve 32P-labeled stromal proteins were detected by electrophoresis under denaturing conditions when intact chloroplasts were incubated with 32Pi, in the light but only three were detected in the presence of 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (DCMU) or in the dark. Incubation of isolated stroma with [gamma-32P]ATP resulted in the preferential phosphorylation of one of them, a 70-kDa polypeptide, in serine residues. Thylakoid membranes in the dark promoted the phosphorylation of two additional stromal polypeptides of 55 and 40 kDa. Illumination during the phosphorylation of stroma in the presence of thylakoids stimulated severalfold the labeling of the 40-kDa polypeptide but not when DCMU was added. The protein kinase activity present in isolated stroma phosphorylated exogenous substrates like histone III, phosvitin, histone II, and casein with specific activities of 3, 1.8, 0.7, and 0.2 pmol X mg-1 X min-1. Histone III polypeptides were phosphorylated differently by stroma and by thylakoids in the dark. Moreover, histone III phosphorylated by thylakoids in the dark yielded a pattern of phosphopeptides after V8 protease treatment that was different from the pattern obtained when histone III was phosphorylated by stroma.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Caseins', 'Chloroplasts', 'Diuron', 'Histones', 'Light', 'Magnesium', 'Phosphoproteins', 'Phosphorylation', 'Phosvitin', 'Plant Proteins', 'Plants', 'Protein Kinases', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Substrate Specificity']
| 2,953,308
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['D12.776.256.159.750.207', 'D12.776.744.150'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.700.140'], ['D02.065.950.681.397', 'D02.455.426.559.389.703.397'], ['D12.776.157.687.485', 'D12.776.660.720.485', 'D12.776.664.469'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['D01.268.552.437', 'D01.268.557.500', 'D01.552.547.500'], ['D12.776.744'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D12.776.256.159.157.700', 'D12.776.290.700', 'D12.776.744.700'], ['D12.776.765'], ['B01.650'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700'], ['G02.111.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Occurrence and risk assessment of selected phthalates in drinking water from waterworks in China.
|
The first nationwide survey of six phthalates (diethyl phthalate (DEP); dimethyl phthalate (DMP); di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP); butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP); bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP); din-octyl phthalate (DnOP)) in drinking waters from waterworks was conducted across seven geographical zones in China. Of the six target phthalates, DBP and DEHP were the highest abundant phthalates with median (± interquartile range) values of 0.18 ± 0.47 and 0.18 ± 0.97 ìg/L, respectively, but did not exceed the limit values in China's Standards for Drinking Water Quality. These phthalates in drinking water were generally higher in the northern regions of China than those in the southern and eastern regions. Based on the investigated concentrations, lifetime exposure risk assessment indicated that phthalates in drinking water did not pose carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic risks to Chinese residents, even under the conservative scenario (with 95th percentile risk). In addition, we found that DEHP contributed the greatest risk to the total exposure risk of all the selected phthalates and oral ingestion was the main exposure route for phthalates in drinking water.
|
['China', 'Drinking Water', 'Endocrine Disruptors', 'Humans', 'Phthalic Acids', 'Risk Assessment', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 25,752,631
|
[['Z01.252.474.164'], ['D01.045.250.875.300', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650.300', 'D01.650.550.925.199', 'G07.203.100.418', 'J02.200.418'], ['D27.505.696.353', 'D27.888.141'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.241.223.805'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Visual search in natural scenes explained by local color properties.
|
Success in visually searching for a small object or target in a natural scene depends on many factors, including the spatial structure of the scene and the pattern of observers' eye movements. The aim of this study was to determine to what extent local color properties of natural scenes can account for target-detection performance. A computer-controlled high-resolution color monitor was used to present images of natural scenes containing a small, randomly located, shaded gray sphere, which served as the target. Observers' gaze position was simultaneously monitored with an infrared video eye-tracker. About 60% of the adjusted variance in observers' detection performance was accounted for by local color properties, namely, lightness and the red-green and blue-yellow components of chroma. A similar level of variance was accounted for by observers' fixations. These results suggest that local color can be as influential as gaze position in determining observers' search performance in natural scenes.
|
['Adult', 'Color', 'Color Perception', 'Eye Movements', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Regression Analysis', 'Young Adult']
| 22,330,379
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G01.590.540.199'], ['F02.463.593.932.217'], ['G11.427.410.140', 'G14.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.723.729'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The developmental significance of late adolescent substance use for early adult functioning.
|
This study examines the predictive significance of late adolescent substance use groups (i.e., abstainers, experimental users, at-risk users, and abusers) for early adult adaptation. Participants (N = 159) were drawn from a prospective longitudinal study of first-born children of low-income mothers. At 17.5 years of age, participants were assigned to substance use groups on the basis of their level of substance use involvement. At 26 years, early adult competence was assessed in the areas of education, work, romantic relationships, and global adaptation. Results indicate that 17.5-year substance use group membership significantly predicted high school completion, regular involvement in a long-term romantic relationship, good or better work ethic, and good or better global adjustment at 26 years when controlling for gender; IQ; 16-year internalizing and externalizing behavior problems, parental monitoring, and peer competence; and current substance use at 26 years. Group comparisons indicate that late adolescent substance use experimenters were significantly more likely in early adulthood to have (a) a high school diploma or higher level of education compared with abstainers (OR = 8.83); (b) regular involvement in long-term romantic relationships (OR = 3.23), and good or better global adaptation (OR = 4.08) compared with at-risk users; and (c) good or better work ethic (OR = 4.04) compared with abusers. This research indicates that patterns of late adolescent substance use has implications for early adult functioning in salient developmental domains.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adolescent', 'Adolescent Behavior', 'Adult', 'Female', 'Human Development', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Peer Group', 'Risk Factors', 'Social Adjustment', 'Social Behavior', 'Substance-Related Disorders', 'Young Adult']
| 23,025,264
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.057'], ['F01.145.022'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.525', 'G07.345.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['F01.829.316.483'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.813.621'], ['F01.145.813'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
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