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[Typifying rumors in university students' everyday conversation].
|
The purpose of this study was to typify rumor talk in university students' everyday conversation. This study investigated the structure of rumor in conversation from the viewpoint of content attributes and functions. Study 1 found two types of rumor talk, "humor type" and "anxiety type", based on seven content attributes (humor, anxiety, certainty, importance, reliability, sharing of topic, and easiness of interpretation) and four functions (entertainment, spicing up, avoiding silence, and information supplement). "Humor type" was high humor and low certainty, and had an entertainment function. "Anxiety type" was low humor and high anxiety, and had an information supplement function. Study 2, which typified rumor talk based on three content attributes (humor, anxiety, and certainty), found a "daily type" and a "sensation-seeking type" in addition to the two types of study 1. "Daily type" was high certainty, and had an information supplement function. "Sensation-seeking type" was high humor, high anxiety, and low certainty.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Japan', 'Male', 'Students', 'Verbal Behavior']
| 18,027,590
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['M01.848'], ['F01.145.209.908']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
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Comparison of different diagnostic procedures for the staging of malformations associated with Mayer-Rokitansky-K?ster-Hauser syndrome.
|
OBJECTIVE: To compare different diagnostic procedures for staging malformations associated with Mayer-Rokitansky-K?ster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome.DESIGN: Retrospective two-center cohort study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).SETTING: University hospital.PATIENT(S): One hundred and thirty-eight women with MRKH.INTERVENTION(S): Clinical examinations, abdominal or perineal/rectal ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and laparoscopy.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Agreement between the results obtained with the other methods and the results obtained with the reference methods for correct staging of malformations, presented as kappa values (ê).RESULT(S): The VCUAM (vagina cervix uterus adnex-associated malformation) classification system was used to classify genital malformations in 138 women with MRKH. The reference methods for examining the individual organs were: vagina-clinical examination; cervix/uterus and adnexa-laparoscopy; and urinary tract malformations-MRI. The values obtained were as follows. Vagina was ê 0.74 for MRI versus clinical examination; ultrasound and laparoscopy did not allow adequate description of vaginal malformations. Cervical findings were rarely detailed with any of the imaging methods. Uterus was ê 0.93 for MRI versus laparoscopy, and ê 0.83 for ultrasound. For adnexa, only laparoscopy was able to describe the morphology adequately. The urinary tract was ê 0.87 for ultrasound versus MRI.CONCLUSION(S): For the correct staging of malformations associated with MRKH, MRI or a combination of clinical examination and ultrasound are equivalent. However, none of the imaging methods adequately describes adnexal morphology.
|
['46, XX Disorders of Sex Development', 'Abnormalities, Multiple', 'Adnexa Uteri', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Cervix Uteri', 'Cohort Studies', 'Congenital Abnormalities', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kidney', 'Mullerian Ducts', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Somites', 'Spine', 'Ultrasonography', 'Uterus', 'Vagina', 'Young Adult']
| 21,549,366
|
[['C12.706.316.064', 'C13.351.875.253.064', 'C16.131.939.316.064', 'C19.391.119.064'], ['C16.131.077'], ['A05.360.319.114'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A05.360.319.679.256'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['C16.131'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453'], ['A16.623'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['A16.504.660.750'], ['A02.835.232.834'], ['E01.370.350.850'], ['A05.360.319.679'], ['A05.360.319.779'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
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|
Viral hepatitis in a homeless shelter in Hawai'i.
|
It is estimated that as many as 21,000 people in the state of Hawai'i may be infected with HCV Most of those infected with viral hepatitis are unaware they are infected. Complications from viral hepatitis include liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hawai'i has the highest incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States. In 2003 there were over 6000 homeless and over 155,000 people at-risk of becoming homeless living in the state of Hawai'i. Risk factors for hepatitis, such as drug use, tattoos, sexual contact, and sharing of personal hygiene equipment are more prevalent in the homeless population. To determine the incidence of hepatitis B and C among a population of homeless individuals, a health fair was held at a Honolulu area homeless shelter with approximately 200 residents. The incidence of hepatitis B and C was determined by anti-HCV and HBsAg blood tests. A survey was also conducted regarding risk factors and basic demographics. Fifty-nine homeless adults volunteered for testing and took the survey. Thirty-one (52%) volunteers were born in Micronesia, twenty-four (41%) were born in the United States, two (3%) were born in Samoa, one (2%) was born in the Philippines, and one (2%) was born in the Marshall Islands. Forty adults were tested for Hepatitis C antibody, three of which tested positive. The primary risk factor among this group was jail time (100%), followed by illegal drug injection (67%), tattoos (67%), ear/body piercing (67%), snorting drugs (33%), blood transfusions (33%), and a sex partner with hepatitis (33%). Forty adults were also tested for HBsAg, One of which tested positive. This was a recent immigrant from Micronesia. Homeless people in Hawai'i are more likely to have hepatitis B or C because risk factors are common among this population. Additionally a large proportion of Hawai'i's homeless people come from the Pacific Islands, where the prevalence of hepatitis B is one of the highest in the world. In addition there are significant risks of hepatitis spread among the homeless and into the general population as many homeless do not realize they are infected. The health fair approach was an effective means for screening homeless people for hepatitis B and C. Our preliminary information suggests homeless shelters may be a good place for education, screening, and possibly interventions as well.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Hawaii', 'Hepatitis B, Chronic', 'Hepatitis C, Chronic', 'Homeless Persons', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Oceanic Ancestry Group', 'Prevalence', 'Residential Facilities']
| 19,583,106
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.107.567.875.580.375', 'Z01.639.760.815.482'], ['C01.221.250.500.100', 'C01.925.256.430.400.100', 'C01.925.440.435.100', 'C06.552.380.350.100', 'C06.552.380.705.437.100'], ['C01.221.250.750.120', 'C01.925.440.440.120', 'C01.925.782.350.350.120', 'C06.552.380.350.120', 'C06.552.380.705.440.120'], ['M01.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['M01.686.508.600'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['J03.775', 'N02.278.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
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|
Spondylolysis in Scheuermann's disease.
|
Increased lumbar lordosis places increased stress on the pars interarticularis. Fatigue fractures of the pars can result in spondylolysis. There was a 50% incidence of asymptomatic spondylolysis in 18 patients who had Scheuermann's kyphosis and an increased lumbar lordosis. This significant increase further confirms the pathogenesis of spondylolysis. Patients with Scheuermann's disease with low-back pain should be evaluated with oblique radiographs of the lumbar spine to rule out spondylolysis.
|
['Adolescent', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Radiography', 'Scheuermann Disease', 'Sex Factors', 'Spondylolisthesis', 'Spondylolysis']
| 3,589,821
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['C05.116.821.500.500', 'C05.116.900.800.500.500', 'C05.116.900.808.500'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['C05.116.900.938.500.500'], ['C05.116.900.938.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
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|
High-Affinity Binding of Monomeric but Not Oligomeric Amyloid-â to Ganglioside GM1 Containing Nanodiscs.
|
The interaction of the amyloid-â protein (Aâ) with neuronal cell membranes plays a crucial role in Alzheimer's disease. Aâ undergoes structural changes upon binding to ganglioside GM1 containing membranes leading to altered molecular characteristics of the protein. The physiological role of the Aâ interaction with the ganglioside GM1 is still unclear. In order to further elucidate the molecular requirements of Aâ membrane binding, we tested different nanodiscs varying in their lipid composition, regarding the charge of the headgroups as well as ganglioside GM1 concentration. Nanodiscs are excellent model membrane systems for studying protein membrane interactions, and we show here their suitability to investigate the membrane interaction of Aâ. In particular, we set out to investigate whether the binding activity of GM1 to Aâ is specific for the assembly state of Aâ and compared the binding affinities of monomeric with oligomeric Aâ. Using fluorescence titration experiments, we demonstrate high-affinity binding of Aâ(1-40) to GM1 containing nanodiscs, with dissociation constants, KD, in the range from 25 to 41 nM, in a GM1 concentration-dependent manner. Biolayer interferometry experiments confirmed the high-affinity binding of monomeric Aâ(1-40) (KD of 24 nM to 49 nM) as well as of Aâ(1-42) (KD of 30 nM) to GM1 containing nanodiscs, and no binding to phospholipid containing nanodiscs. Interestingly, and in contrast to monomeric Aâ, neither oligomeric Aâ(1-40) nor oligomeric Aâ(1-42) binds to GM1 nanodiscs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a loss of function for monomeric Aâ upon aggregation.
|
['Alzheimer Disease', 'Amyloid beta-Peptides', 'Animals', 'Binding, Competitive', 'Cell Membrane', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'G(M1) Ganglioside', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Lipid Bilayers', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Nanostructures', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Phospholipids', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Multimerization']
| 27,933,798
|
[['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['D12.644.024', 'D12.776.049.407.249.500', 'D12.776.543.039.500'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.196.080', 'G02.111.084', 'G02.111.570.120.309'], ['A11.284.149'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['D09.400.410.420.025.475.390', 'D10.390.470.025.475.390', 'D10.570.877.360.025.475.390'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D10.570.510', 'J01.637.087.500.510'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['J01.637.512'], ['D12.644.541'], ['D10.570.755'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.694']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
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| 1
| 1
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| 0
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What are the risks of long-term NSAIDs and COX-2 inhibitors?
|
This review presents an interesting new analysis of cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor safety, concluding that long-term use results in more serious adverse events than traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The nonsystematic and retrospective properties of this analysis limit its validity. However, the fact that an evaluation of long-term data found some small harm to COX-2 inhibitors relative to traditional NSAIDs (number needed to harm=78 over 9 months) should give clinicians pause. Until better meta-analyses or new safety data are published, clinicians should prescribe COX-2 inhibitors long-term only for those patients deemed to be at high risk of ulcer complications.
|
['Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Cyclooxygenase 2', 'Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors', 'Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors', 'Evidence-Based Medicine', 'Humans', 'Isoenzymes', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Osteoarthritis', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic', 'Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Safety']
| 12,620,173
|
[['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['D08.811.600.720.750'], ['D27.505.519.389.310.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500.500.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030.500.500', 'D27.505.954.329.030.500.500'], ['D27.505.519.389.310', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030.500', 'D27.505.954.329.030.500'], ['H02.249.750', 'H02.403.200.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['D12.776.543'], ['C05.550.114.606', 'C05.799.613'], ['N04.761.700.350.650', 'N05.700.350.650'], ['D08.811.600.720', 'D08.811.682.690.708.715'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N06.850.135.060.075']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
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|
In vitro and in vivo gene delivery using chitosan/hyaluronic acid nanoparticles: Influences of molecular mass of hyaluronic acid and lyophilization on transfection efficiency.
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BACKGROUND: Lyophilization is an effective method for preserving nonviral gene vectors. To improve the stability and transgene expression of lyophilized plasmid DNA (pDNA) complexes, we coated the surfaces of pDNA/chitosan complexes with hyaluronic acid (HA) of varying molecular masses. The transgene expression of pDNA/chitosan/HA ternary complexes was characterized in vitro and in vivo.METHODS: pDNA complexes were lyophilized overnight and the resultant products with spongy, porous consistencies were stored at -30, 4 or 25°C for 2 weeks. Rehydrated complexes were characterized using gel retardation assays, aiming to confirm complex formation, measure particle size and evaluate zeta potential, as well as conduct luciferase gene reporter assays. The anti-tumor effects of pDNA ternary complexes were evaluated using suicide gene (pTK) coding thymidine kinase in Huh7-implanted mice.RESULTS: Transfection efficiencies of pDNA/chitosan/HA ternary complexes were dependent on the average molecular masses of HA. The coating of pDNA/chitosan complexes with HA maintained the cellular transfection efficiencies of lyophilized pDNA ternary complexes. Furthermore, intratumoral injection of lyophilized, rehydrated pDNA ternary complexes into tumor-bearing mice showed a significant suppression of tumor growth.CONCLUSIONS: The coating of pDNA/chitosan complexes with high-molecular-weight HA augmented the stability and cellular transfection ability of the complexes after lyophilization-rehydration.
|
['Animals', 'Chitosan', 'DNA', 'Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay', 'Freeze Drying', 'Gene Transfer Techniques', 'Genes, Reporter', 'Genetic Therapy', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Humans', 'Hyaluronic Acid', 'Luciferases', 'Mice', 'Nanoparticles', 'Particle Size', 'Plasmids', 'Thymidine Kinase', 'Transfection']
| 28,667,693
|
[['B01.050'], ['D05.750.078.139.500', 'D09.698.211.500'], ['D13.444.308'], ['E05.196.401.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160.260', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160.260', 'E02.792.156.260', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160.260', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160.260', 'E05.760.156.260'], ['E05.393.350'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['E02.095.301', 'E05.393.420.301'], ['G05.360.337'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D09.698.373.475'], ['D08.811.682.517', 'D12.776.532.510'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['J01.637.512.600'], ['G02.712'], ['G05.360.600'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.750'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
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|
[A preliminary study on etiology of atrophic rhinitis in Zunyi].
|
200 cases (households with atrophic rhinitis (AR) diagnosed from outpatients and mobile medical team as the AR group were studied. Another 200 cases (households) served as the control group, who were residents of countryside and members of a factory in Zunyi, and they have lived in Zunyi for more than 20 years. The subjects between the two groups were similar in age and sex. Each of these two groups was further divided into two groups, the opentype stove group (100 cases) and the closetype stove group (100 cases). The heritability (h2, 59.4 +/- 0.032%) was estimated by using the method of Falconer liability threshold. The concentration of SO2 in living environment was monitored with Parafuchsin colorimetry. The daily average SO2 concentrations have been drawn for comparison. The result showed that the SO2 concentration of living environment in AR group was significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.01). We believe that the contraction and development of AR were determined by the combination of inheritance with environment. This fact suggests that AR may be transmitted in a multigenic and multifacterial modes.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Air Pollution, Indoor', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'China', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Matched-Pair Analysis', 'Middle Aged', 'Rhinitis, Atrophic', 'Sulfur Dioxide']
| 7,598,985
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['N06.850.460.100.080'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.370.485', 'E05.318.740.475', 'N05.715.360.325.500', 'N05.715.360.750.500', 'N06.850.520.445.485', 'N06.850.520.830.475'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C08.460.799.649', 'C09.603.799.649'], ['D01.362.810', 'D01.650.550.850.925', 'D01.875.825.925']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Synthetic osmotic dilators with adjunctive misoprostol for same-day dilation and evacuation: a randomized controlled trial.
|
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate buccal misoprostol as an adjunct to synthetic osmotic dilators for same-day dilation and evacuation (D&E).STUDY DESIGN: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of women 16 0/7 to 20 6/7 weeks gestation desiring D&E was used. Participants received synthetic osmotic cervical dilators (Dilapan-S®) at least 4 h prior to D&E and were randomized to 400mcg buccal misoprostol or placebo 3 h preoperatively, stratified by gestational age. The primary outcome was operative time with 36 participants needed to detect a 4-min difference (two-sided á=0.05, 80% power). Secondary outcomes included total procedure time, patient and provider acceptability, baseline cervical dilation and complications.RESULTS: Twenty-nine women were enrolled (misoprostol n=14, placebo n=15) and mean operative time was similar between the groups (11.1 vs. 13.5 min, respectively, p=.17). Complications were nonsignificantly more common for participants ?19 weeks compared to <19 weeks (22% vs. 9%, p=.62) and those who received placebo compared to misoprostol (27% vs. 7%, p=.33). Two serious adverse events in the placebo group prompted early study closure for safety and futility. Placebo participants had longer overall procedure times (24 vs. 18 min, p=.03) and less cramping preoperatively (p<.01) but similar results for other secondary outcomes compared to those receiving misoprostol. Women strongly preferred same-day cervical preparation (98%).CONCLUSIONS: Adjunctive buccal misoprostol may not decrease operative times but may decrease complications when combined with synthetic osmotic dilators for cervical preparation for same-day D&E procedures.IMPLICATIONS: Although the trial was halted early and underpowered to make conclusions about the primary outcome, complication frequency and type warrant caution for use of synthetic osmotic dilators alone for cervical preparation for same-day D&E at ?19 weeks gestation.
|
['Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal', 'Abortion, Induced', 'Adult', 'Cervix Uteri', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'Labor Stage, First', 'Misoprostol', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Pennsylvania', 'Polymers', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Trimester, Second', 'Regression Analysis', 'Time Factors', 'Vacuum Curettage', 'Visual Analog Scale', 'Young Adult']
| 27,241,895
|
[['D27.505.696.875.131.100', 'D27.505.954.705.131.100'], ['E04.520.050'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A05.360.319.679.256'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.784.769.326.500.080'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.775.450.500', 'D23.469.050.175.725.775.450.500', 'D23.469.700.660.500'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.550', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.550', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.550'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.707.490'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E04.157.310.970', 'E04.950.300.299.970'], ['E01.370.928'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
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|
Sex and estrogen affect the distribution of urocortin-1 immunoreactivity in brainstem autonomic nuclei of the rat.
|
Urocortin-1 (UCN-1), a neuropeptide closely related to the hypothalamic hormone corticotropin-releasing factor, has been associated with stress, feeding behaviors, cardiovascular control, and to exhibit functional gender differences. This study was done to investigate whether estrogen (E; 17â-estradiol) treatment (9 weeks) altered UCN-1 immunoreactivity in brainstem autonomic nuclei in female Wistar rats. Experiments were done in age matched adult males (controls), females (intact), and ovariectomized (OVX) only and OVX+E (30pg/ml plasma) treated females. All animals received intracerebroventricular injections of colchicine and were then perfused transcardially with Zamboni's fixative. Coronal brainstem sections (40ìm) were cut and processed immunohistochemically for UCN-1. In males, moderate UCN-1 fiber labeling was found in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) and throughout the rostral ventral lateral medulla (RVLM). Additionally, a few UCN-1 immunoreactive neurons were observed in hypoglossal nucleus (XII), facial nucleus (FN) and nucleus ambiguus (Amb). In intact females and OVX+E females, fewer UCN-1 labeled fibers were found within NTS compared to males. In contrast, the RVLM was more densely innervated in the female cases. Furthermore, in both intact and OVX+E females UCN-1 labeled neurons were found not only within Amb, FN and XII, but also within NTS, RVLM and nucleus raph? pallidus (RP). In OVX only animals, moderate to dense UCN-1 fiber labeling was observed in the NTS complex and throughout RVLM compared to males and the other female groups. However, in contrast to all other groups, UCN-1 labeled neurons were found in greater number within Amb, FN, NTS, dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, XII, RVLM, magnocellular reticular nucleus and RP. These data not only suggest that sex differences exist in the distribution of UCN-1 within brainstem autonomic areas, but that circulating level of E may play an important role with regards to the function of these UCN-1 neurons during stress responses.
|
['Animals', 'Autonomic Pathways', 'Cell Count', 'Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone', 'Estradiol', 'Estrogens', 'Female', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Male', 'Medulla Oblongata', 'Neurons', 'Ovariectomy', 'Photomicrography', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Sex Characteristics', 'Solitary Nucleus', 'Urocortins']
| 26,146,233
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.800.050.050', 'A08.800.800.060'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['D06.472.699.327.740.140', 'D12.644.400.400.740.140', 'D12.644.548.365.740.140', 'D12.776.631.650.405.740.140'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.277'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.591.500'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['E04.270.282.685', 'E04.950.165.685', 'E04.950.300.680'], ['E01.370.350.515.799', 'E01.370.350.600.635', 'E05.595.799'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['G08.686.815'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.591.500.750'], ['D06.472.699.857', 'D12.644.400.837', 'D12.644.548.887']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Splenic abscess: an easily overlooked disease?
|
Splenic abscess is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening disease. Recent advances in radiology have affected the diagnosis and management of this disease entity. The purpose of this study was to review our experience in managing these patients. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 51 patients with splenic abscess as seen in a tertiary medical center between 1998 and 2003. We analyzed the demographics, clinical manifestations, etiology, predisposing factors, diagnostic modalities, bacteriologic profile, treatment, and outcome of these patients. The mean age was 59.9 +/- 14.2 years (ranging from 21-89 years). The male:female ratio was 29:22. Common symptoms included fever (82%), abdominal pain (71%), and nausea and vomiting (46%). The majority of these patients (83%) had leukocytosis. Thirty-six patients had associated parenchymal liver diseases and 26 patients had diabetes mellitus. Abdominal sonogram or computed tomography was performed to establish the diagnosis. Most cultures from the abscess cavities grew gram-negative enteric bacilli. Patients were treated with antimicrobial therapy only (n = 33), additional percutaneous drainage with a pigtail catheter (n = 11), or splenectomy (n = 7), and the survival rates were 48 per cent, 45 per cent, and 100 per cent, respectively. Splenic abscess should be considered in a patient with fever, left upper abdominal pain, and leukocytosis. Splenectomy appears to have better treatment outcome than percutaneous drainage or intravenous antibiotics alone.
|
['Abscess', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Drainage', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infusions, Intravenous', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Splenectomy', 'Splenic Diseases', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 16,676,856
|
[['C01.830.025', 'C23.550.470.756.100'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['E02.186'], ['E02.309', 'E04.237'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.082.500', 'E02.319.267.510.590'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E04.726'], ['C15.604.744'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Celecoxib Monotherapy Maintained Small Intestinal Mucosa Better Compared With Loxoprofen Plus Lansoprazole Treatment: A Double-blind, Randomized, Controlled Trial.
|
GOALS: The aim of this study was to compare celecoxib with loxoprofen for protection of small intestine.BACKGROUND: RCT studies report that COX-2 selective inhibitor celecoxib induces fewer small intestinal injuries than nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Loxoprofen is a prodrug nonselective NSAID developed to protect upper gastrointestinal tract.STUDY: A total of 150 healthy volunteers (40 to 70 y) were enrolled. After medical checkup including laboratory data, subjects were randomly assigned to celecoxib (200 mg daily) or loxoprofen (180 mg daily) plus lansoprazole (15 mg daily). All drugs were prepared using inactive capsules. After randomization, all subjects were first examined by baseline capsule endoscopy (CE). After 14 days, subjects underwent posttreatment CE. We compared baseline and posttreatment CE findings of the 2 groups. All CE data were evaluated blindly by 3 reviewers. Pretreatment and posttreatment laboratory variables were also compared.RESULTS: A total of 74 subjects (49±6 y, F/M: 36/38) were enrolled in celecoxib group and 76 subjects (49±7 y, F/M: 39/37)in loxoprofen group. Five in celecoxib group and 4 in loxoprofen group were excluded from CE analysis mainly due to incomplete CE. The percentage of subjects with at least 1 posttreatment mucosal break was lower in celecoxib group (10%) than in loxoprofen group (49%) (P<0.0001). A total of 0.3±1.0 posttreatment small intestinal mucosal breaks were detected in the celecoxib group, and 6.8±21.5 in the loxoprofen group (P<0.0001). Posttreatment hemoglobin concentration in loxoprofen group (5.1% reduction) was lower compared with celecoxib group (2.1% reduction) (P=0.006).CONCLUSIONS: In terms of protection of small intestine from NSAIDs toxicity, celecoxib monotherapy was superior to loxoprofen+lansoprazole combination therapy (UMIN: 000007936).
|
['Adult', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Capsule Endoscopy', 'Celecoxib', 'Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'Hemoglobins', 'Humans', 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'Lansoprazole', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Occult Blood', 'Phenylpropionates', 'Proton Pump Inhibitors']
| 26,166,140
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['E01.370.388.250.250.250.140'], ['D02.065.884.247', 'D02.886.590.700.247', 'D03.383.129.539.160'], ['D27.505.519.389.310.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500.500.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030.500.500', 'D27.505.954.329.030.500.500'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['E02.319.310'], ['D12.776.124.400', 'D12.776.422.316.762'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.556.124.369', 'A10.615.550.444'], ['D02.886.640.074.249', 'D03.383.725.024.249', 'D03.633.100.103.034.249'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.225.925', 'E05.200.925'], ['D02.241.223.701'], ['D27.505.519.389.848']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Ankle arthroscopy under local and general anaesthesia for diagnostic evaluation and treatment.
|
Improvements in techniques and instrumentation are extending the diagnostic and therapeutic indications for ankle arthroscopy. We aimed to study the diagnostic and therapeutic benefits and complication rate from 112 consecutive ankle arthroscopies performed between 1991 and 1994 under local and general anaesthesia. One-hundred and twelve outpatient ankle arthroscopies were performed in 72 male and 37 female patients, 16-64 years old. The patients were comparable in terms of gender and age in the arthroscopies done under local (n = 69) and the arthroscopies done under general anaesthesia (n = 43). The indications for surgery were pain in 75%, instability in 15%, limited function in 7% and swelling in 4%, and these criteria were similar in both groups. Antero-medial and anterolateral portals were used in all cases. No tourniquet was used and an external distractor was used in one case only. In 64 cases (57%) surgery was performed and included synovectomy, removal of loose bodies, shaving drilling of osteochondritic or other cartilage lesions, resection of impinging osteophytes, fibrosis and meniscoid lesions. In 95 ankles (85%) a definite diagnosis was established. Comparable diagnostic and therapeutic potentials were found between local and general anaesthesia. The complication rate was low. One patient who was operated on under general anaesthesia sustained a deep infection, and three suffered minor superficial nerve injuries. In conclusion, ankle arthroscopy may be performed under local or general anaesthesia with similar diagnostic value and with a low complication rate.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Anesthesia, General', 'Anesthesia, Local', 'Ankle Joint', 'Arthralgia', 'Arthroscopy', 'Cartilage Diseases', 'Cartilage, Articular', 'Edema', 'Endoscopy', 'Female', 'Fibrosis', 'Humans', 'Joint Diseases', 'Joint Instability', 'Joint Loose Bodies', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteochondritis', 'Peripheral Nerve Injuries', 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'Sex Factors', 'Surgical Wound Infection', 'Synovectomy']
| 8,896,100
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['E03.155.197'], ['E03.155.086.231'], ['A02.835.583.378.062'], ['C05.550.091', 'C23.888.592.612.094', 'F02.830.816.444.350', 'G11.561.790.444.350'], ['E01.370.388.250.070', 'E04.502.250.070', 'E04.555.113'], ['C05.182', 'C17.300.182'], ['A02.165.407.150', 'A02.835.583.192'], ['C23.888.277'], ['E01.370.388.250', 'E04.502.250'], ['C23.550.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.550'], ['C05.550.521'], ['C05.550.535'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.116.791', 'C05.182.520', 'C17.300.182.520'], ['C10.668.829.712', 'C10.900.575', 'C26.915.650'], ['E01.370.600.700', 'G11.427.760'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['C01.947.692', 'C23.550.767.925'], ['E04.555.640']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula presenting with paraplegia following lumbar puncture.
|
Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas are rare lesions with an annual incidence of 1 per 100,000 population. In patients with this disease, an abnormal vascular dural shunt exists between a dural branch of a segmental artery and a subdural radicular vein that drains the perimedullary venous system, leading to venous hypertension and secondary congestive myelopathy. Generally, patients present with progressive paraparesis, urinary disturbances, and gait ataxia. In this report the authors describe a 61-year-old woman with a spinal dural arteriovenous fistula who developed an acute paraplegia after a nontraumatic lumbar puncture. The possible underlying mechanisms and treatment options are discussed.
|
['Angiography', 'Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Laminectomy', 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuralgia', 'Paraparesis', 'Spinal Puncture', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vascular Surgical Procedures']
| 23,641,674
|
[['E01.370.350.700.060', 'E01.370.370.050'], ['C10.500.190', 'C14.240.850.875', 'C16.131.240.850.875', 'C16.131.666.190'], ['E01.171'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.718.563', 'E04.188.400', 'E04.525.450', 'E04.555.350'], ['A02.835.232.834.519'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.668.829.600', 'C23.888.592.612.664'], ['C10.597.636.500', 'C23.888.592.643.500'], ['E01.370.225.998.054.790', 'E01.370.376.700', 'E02.800.779', 'E04.074.790', 'E04.665.700', 'E05.200.998.054.790'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E04.100.814']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Suppression of the malignant phenotype in pancreatic cancer by overexpression of phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase.
|
Phospholipid glutathione peroxidase (PhGPx) reduces lipid hydroperoxides generated in biomembranes and also uses a wide range of reducing cofactors in addition to glutathione. PhGPx is synthesized as a mitochondrial PhGPx form (L-form) and as a nonmitochondrial PhGPx form (S-form). Our aims were to determine whether overexpression of PhGPx altered pancreatic tumor cell behavior. Pancreatic cancer cell lines were found by Western blotting to have diminished levels of PhGPx-immunoreactive protein compared with normal human pancreas. To normalize the levels of this protein, PhGPx was overexpressed in MIA PaCa-2 and AsPC-1 human pancreatic cancer cells by infection with an adenovirus-PhGPx L-form construct (AdPhGPx- L-form) (0-200 MOI) or with an adenovirus-PhGPx S-form construct (AdPhGPx-S-form) (0-200 MOI), and cell growth, plating efficiency, and growth in soft agar were determined. Pancreatic cancer cells were also injected subcutaneously into nude mice and tumor volume was calculated. Single direct injections of the adenoviral- PhGPx constructs were made into preestablished tumors. In vitro, AdPhGPx-S-form demonstrated 80% tumor growth inhibition, whereas AdPhGPx-L-form demonstrated 95% tumor growth inhibition. Ad- PhGPx-L-form or AdPhGPx-S-form also decreased plating efficiency and growth in soft agar. AdPhGPx-Lform decreased in vivo tumor growth to a greater extent than did AdPhGPx-S-form. Because of the growthinhibitory effects of PhGPx, lipid hydroperoxides may play an important role in the growth of pancreatic cancer.
|
['Adenoviridae', 'Animals', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Line', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Gene Transfer Techniques', 'Glutathione Peroxidase', 'Humans', 'Linear Models', 'Mice', 'Mice, Nude', 'Neoplasm Transplantation', 'Neoplasms', 'Pancreas', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Phenotype', 'Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase', 'Transduction, Genetic']
| 16,409,129
|
[['B04.280.030'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G05.308.320'], ['E05.393.350'], ['D08.811.682.732.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['E05.624'], ['C04'], ['A03.734'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['G05.695'], ['D08.811.682.732.925'], ['E05.393.350.800', 'G05.728.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Hospital privileges for family physicians. Patterns of recent residency graduates, residency director perceptions, and resident expectations.
|
A national mail survey was performed that examined reports of recent residency graduates about hospital privileges for family physicians, perceptions of residency program directors about the percentage of their graduates who obtain privileges, and plans of third-year residents for seeking privileges. Privileges in medicine, pediatrics, surgery, obstetrics, and coronary care/intensive care units (CCU/ICU) were examined. Questionnaires were mailed to a random sample of 308 residency graduates aged 30 to 35 years, all 383 family practice residency directors, and a random sample of 319 third-year residents. Two mailings produced an 82 percent response rate. Most recent graduates had privileges in medicine (97 percent), pediatrics (95 percent), and CCU/ICU (87 percent). A majority (64 percent) had obstetric privileges, and a minority (36 percent) had surgical privileges. Directors were accurate in their perceptions of privileges attained by graduates in medicine, pediatrics, and CCU/ICU, but underestimated the percentage who had privileges in surgery and overestimated the percentage who had privileges in obstetrics. Residents planned on seeking privileges in medicine, pediatrics, and obstetrics at a rate similar to recent graduates, with lower percentages planning on seeking them in surgery and CCU/ICU. Privileges in surgery and obstetrics were more prevalent in the Midwest and West.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Coronary Care Units', 'Data Collection', 'Demography', 'Family Practice', 'Female', 'General Surgery', 'Humans', 'Intensive Care Units', 'Internship and Residency', 'Male', 'Medical Staff Privileges', 'Medical Staff, Hospital', 'Middle Aged', 'Obstetrics', 'Pediatrics', 'Perception', 'Physician Executives', 'Physicians, Family', 'Sex Factors', 'Statistics as Topic', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'United States', 'Workforce']
| 3,418,304
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['N02.278.388.493.211'], ['E05.318.308', 'L01.399.250', 'N05.715.360.300', 'N06.850.520.308'], ['I01.240', 'N01.224', 'N06.850.505.400'], ['H02.403.340.500'], ['H02.403.810.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.388.493'], ['I02.358.337.350.500', 'I02.358.399.350.750'], ['N02.278.216.500.996.500', 'N04.452.442.452.530.500', 'N04.452.758.275.500'], ['M01.526.485.630.490', 'M01.526.485.740.422', 'N02.360.630.490', 'N02.360.740.422'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['H02.403.810.450'], ['H02.403.670'], ['F02.463.593'], ['M01.526.070.700', 'M01.526.485.800', 'N02.360.800'], ['M01.526.485.810.770', 'N02.360.810.770'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['N04.452.525']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Endothelial eNOS/arginase imbalance contributes to vascular dysfunction in IUGR umbilical and placental vessels.
|
Placental vascular tone is critically influenced by nitric oxide (NO) derived from endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) activity. Placental vessels from pregnancies complicated with intrauterine growth restriction present altered NOS-dependent vasodilation. Arginase-2 competes with eNOS for l-arginine and counteracts the NOS-dependent relaxation in umbilical vessels from normal pregnancies. However there is no data regarding the contribution of arginase activity on the impaired endothelial function in IUGR placenta. We studied whether arginase-2 participates in IUGR-related placental vascular dysfunction counteracting eNOS-dependent relaxation, and the regulation of arginase-2 and eNOS expression in endothelial cells from IUGR umbilical arteries (HUAEC) and veins (HUVEC). In IUGR-derived umbilical arteries (UA) and veins (UV), and chorionic arteries (CA), NOS-dependent vasoactive response in the presence and absence of BEC (arginase inhibitor) was studied. Protein levels of eNOS (total and Ser(1177)-P-eNOS), arginase-2 and arginase activity were determined in IUGR HUAEC and HUVEC. In IUGR vessels eNOS-dependent relaxation was reduced, being improved by BEC. This effect was higher in arteries than veins, and in chorionic compared with umbilical vessels. In cultured IUGR endothelial cells, arginase-2 protein expression and activity were increased in HUVEC, without changes in HUAEC. In IUGR-derived endothelium there was a generalized reduction in the in vitro eNOS activation (Ser(1177)-P-eNOS/eNOS), and therefore a decreased eNOS/arginase activity ratio. Here we provide ex vivo and in vitro evidence for a vascular role of arginase throughout placental vasculature, negatively controlling NOS activity. This effect seems to be crucial in the pathophysiology of endothelial dysfunction present in IUGR feto-placental vessels.
|
['Adult', 'Arginase', 'Blood Vessels', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Endothelial Cells', 'Female', 'Fetal Growth Retardation', 'Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III', 'Placenta', 'Placental Circulation', 'Pregnancy', 'Umbilical Arteries']
| 23,122,700
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D08.811.277.913.292'], ['A07.015'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.436.275'], ['C13.703.277.370', 'C16.300.390', 'C23.550.393.450'], ['A11.436.275.682'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772.750'], ['A16.710'], ['G09.330.100.749'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['A07.015.114.929', 'A16.378.693.641']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A simple test for predicting pregnancy-induced hypertension.
|
One hundred thirty-one nulliparous patients between 28 to 34 weeks' gestation with no known history of renal disease or hypertension were placed in the left lateral recumbent position and their blood pressures were taken once and recorded. They then turned to the supine position where another blood pressure was taken within 2 minutes and also recorded. All these patients were then followed routinely throught their pregnancy, labor, delivery, and postpartum period. Of those patients whose diastolic blood pressure during the modified "roll-over" test rose less than 15 mmHg, only 2 of 99 developed pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). Of those whose roll-over test showed an increase of more than 15 mmHg, 23 of 32 developed PIH (P less than .000000001). Of those whose blood pressure during the roll-over developed PIH(P less than .00000001). Also, 10 of 11 patients whose diastolic blood pressure increased more than 25 mmHg during the roll-over test developed PIH (P less than .000000001).
|
['Angiotensin II', 'Blood Pressure Determination', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Posture', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular']
| 909,670
|
[['D06.472.699.094.078', 'D12.644.400.070.078', 'D12.644.456.073.041', 'D12.644.548.058.078', 'D12.776.631.650.070.078', 'D23.469.050.050.050'], ['E01.370.370.140', 'E01.370.600.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['G11.427.695'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.634', 'C14.583']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Molecular characterization of Porcine circovirus type 2 isolates from post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome-affected and non-affected pigs.
|
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is recognized as a primary cause in post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). In this study, both PCV1 and PCV2 types were studied in pigs originating from PMWS-affected (+) and non-affected (-) herds from Brittany. PCV2 was identified by PCR in 100 % of animals from PMWS(+) herds and in 76 % from PMWS(-) herds, while PCV1 was not detected. The complete sequences of 38 PCV2 isolates were determined and 23 new variants were identified, displaying between 94.6 and 99.9 % nucleotide identity with one another. Although highly related to all the PCV2 sequences available in databases, the isolates from France gathered in a distinct subcluster. Compared with the 13 PCV2 from PMWS(+) farms, the 10 PMWS(-) sequences exhibited a slightly higher variability. No viral molecular marker specific to a pathogenic state could be identified, even by including other PCV2 variants isolated from PMWS-suffering animals from other countries. We concluded that the PMWS outbreaks in Brittany are most likely not due to the emergence of a new genotype of circovirus.
|
['Animals', 'Circoviridae Infections', 'Circovirus', 'DNA, Viral', 'France', 'Genetic Variation', 'Molecular Epidemiology', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phylogeny', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid', 'Swine', 'Swine Diseases', 'Wasting Syndrome']
| 14,769,887
|
[['B01.050'], ['C01.925.256.200'], ['B04.280.120.150'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['G05.365'], ['E05.318.416', 'E05.393.522', 'H01.158.201.636.475.500', 'H01.158.273.343.595.475.500', 'H01.181.122.650.475.550', 'H02.403.720.500.300', 'N06.850.520.470'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['C22.905'], ['C18.452.915', 'C18.654.940']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Selectivity of DNA polymerases toward alpha and beta nucleotide substrates of D and L series.
|
The substrate properties of four carbocyclic D and L nucleoside 5'-triphosphate analogs toward HIV and AMV reverse transcriptases and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase were evaluated. The compounds of the D-beta and L-beta series were found to be terminating substrates for these enzymes, while the derivatives of the D-alpha and L-alpha series were recognized only by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase, suggesting that for the template-independent enzyme the mutual orientation of the two fragments is of no significance. A hypothesis for binding of nucleotides to the DNA polymerase active center was proposed.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Avian Myeloblastosis Virus', 'Base Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'DNA', 'DNA Nucleotidylexotransferase', 'DNA Primers', 'DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase', 'HIV', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'RNA', 'RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase', 'Substrate Specificity', 'Templates, Genetic']
| 7,525,353
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['B04.613.807.070.110', 'B04.820.650.070.110'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.325'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D13.444.735'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300.750', 'D12.776.964.775.375.750', 'D12.776.964.900.750.500.750', 'D12.776.964.970.600.850.375.750'], ['G02.111.835'], ['G05.360.840']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Variables Impacting Program Completion of Readmitted Associate Degree Nursing Students.
|
BACKGROUND: The projected shortfall in the number of RNs supports the need to identify variables impacting nursing student program completion. Studies are lacking as to variables that affect attrition and program completion of readmitted nursing students.PURPOSE: This study examined academic and nonacademic variables that impact attrition and program completion of readmitted associate degree nursing students.METHODS: Survey and record review yielded student characteristics, support for learners, student effort, and student outcome measures that predicted attrition and program completion.RESULTS: Findings suggest that students earning a final grade of B+ or higher in the nursing fundamentals course complete the program. In addition, readmitted nursing students who were 33 years or older had decreased odds of completing the program by 1.44% for each year of age. The study also pointed to nonacademic variables that impacted attrition.CONCLUSIONS: Measures to improve program completion of readmitted nursing students are included.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Education, Nursing, Associate', 'Educational Measurement', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nursing Education Research', 'Nursing Evaluation Research', 'Risk Factors', 'Student Dropouts', 'Students, Nursing', 'Young Adult']
| 30,865,151
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['I02.358.462.233'], ['I02.399'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['H01.770.644.145.390.413', 'H02.478.395.413', 'I02.358.462.612', 'N04.590.233.508.613.413'], ['H01.770.644.145.390.432', 'H02.478.395.432', 'N04.590.233.508.613.432'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F02.784.629.796', 'M01.848.602'], ['M01.848.769.685'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Contour correction of the vermilion of the upper lip by island flap of the lower lip.
|
A method is shown to correct contour defects of the upper lip vermilion by an island of vermilion of the lower lip. A muscle bundle of the orbicularis oris is used to carry the island. It is tunneled around the commissure to the upper lip defect. Three cases are shown.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lip', 'Surgical Flaps']
| 2,217,596
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.456.505.631.515', 'A14.549.336'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
An in vitro approach to study cellular kinetics of drugs.
|
We adapted different existing techniques in order to optimize the methodology for studying kinetic interactions between drugs and cells in vitro. Using the polymorphonuclear leukocyte as a target cell, we measured the binding of various ligands and intracellular drug concentrations. We also studied pharmacological modulation of drug transport under normal and inflammatory conditions. Our approach allows reproducible measurements on ligands with low affinity for association sites on polymorphonuclear leukocytes. We present data for various nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and other ligands to validate our methodological approach. On the basis of the results thus obtained, we proposed a tentative model to fit data and concepts of drug-cell interactions.
|
['Adult', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Humans', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Kinetics', 'Ligands', 'Models, Biological', 'N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine', 'Neutrophils']
| 3,682,843
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D02.886.030.676.450.440', 'D12.125.072.050.685.445', 'D12.125.142.666.500', 'D12.125.166.676.450.440', 'D12.644.456.400', 'D23.125.685'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Ethical considerations of the new reproductive technologies. By the Ethics Committee (1986-87) of The American Fertility Society in light of Instruction on the Respect for Human Life in its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation issued by the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith.
|
In September 1986, The American Fertility Society issued a report, Ethical Considerations of the New Reproductive Technologies, setting forth the then-held ethical position of the Society on the various new reproductive technologies. In 1987, the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith issued the Instruction on the Respect for Human Life and Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation. While both documents state that very similar moral criteria were used to derive ethical positions with respect to various reproductive procedures, the conclusions as to the ethical acceptability of the various procedures differ sharply in the two documents. The question can be raised about the procedure used by the Congregation of the Faith to derive its conclusions from the stated premises. Thus, while stating that "the individual integrally and adequately considered" is to be the basis of the moral judgment, the fact is that most conclusions are based on and referenced to past Catholic statements. While the difference in conclusion from similar premises may be troubling to society, it can be especially paralyzing to four groups: (1) those who face problems that might be solved by one or another of the new reproductive technologies; (2) those who are involved in applying them; (3) those who are responsible for institutional policies where such techniques may be applied; and (4) those who are in a position to influence public policy in a legislative or regulatory way. Because of the conflicting conclusions of the two documents, the present Ethics Committee (1986-87) of The American Fertility Society was convened and considered these guidelines in the light of the Instruction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Bioethics', 'Catholicism', 'Embryo, Mammalian', 'Fertilization in Vitro', 'Humans', 'Infertility', 'Insemination, Artificial, Heterologous', 'Insemination, Artificial, Homologous', 'Legislation, Medical', 'Marriage', 'Religion and Science', 'Reproductive Techniques', 'United States']
| 3,276,566
|
[['K01.752.566.479.045', 'N05.350.200'], ['K01.844.188.250'], ['A16.254'], ['E02.875.800.750', 'E05.820.800.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.294.365', 'C13.351.500.365'], ['E02.875.800.937.515', 'E05.820.800.937.515', 'G08.686.784.363.492.500'], ['E02.875.800.937.525', 'E05.820.800.937.525', 'G08.686.784.363.492.750'], ['N03.706.615.473'], ['F01.829.263.315.500.500', 'I01.240.361.500.500', 'I01.880.853.150.423.500.500', 'N01.224.361.500.500', 'N01.824.308.500.500'], ['K01.844.709'], ['E02.875', 'E05.820'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Metabolism of kurarinone by human liver microsomes and its effect on cytotoxicity.
|
CONTEXT: Kurarinone, the most abundant prenylated flavonoid in Sophora flavescens Aiton (Leguminosae), is a promising antitumor therapeutic. However, it shows significant hepatotoxicity. Furthermore, how kurarinone is metabolized in humans remains unclear.OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to investigate kurarinone metabolism in human liver microsomes (HLMs) and the role of metabolism in kurarinone-induced cytotoxicity.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The UDP-glucuronosyltransferase isoforms (UGTs) involved in kurarinone glucuronidation were identified using chemical inhibitors (100-1000 µM phenylbutazone; 10-100 µM â-estradiol; 10-100 µM 1-naphthol; 10-500 µM propofol; and 100-1000 µM fluconazole) and recombinant human UGTs. Kurarinone (2-500 µM) was incubated with HLMs and UGTs (0.5 mg/mL) for 15 min to determine enzyme kinetic parameters. The IC50 value of kurarinone (10-200 µM) was evaluated in a HLMs/3T3 cell co-culture system.RESULTS: Kurarinone is extensively converted to two glucuronides (M3 and M4) in HLMs. M3 formation was catalyzed by multiple UGT1As, with UGT1A3 showing the highest intrinsic clearance (120.60 mL/min/mg). M4 formation was catalyzed by UGT1A1, UGT2B4, and UGT2B7. UGT1A1 showed the highest intrinsic clearance (60.61 mL/min/mg). The kinetic profiles of the five main UGTs and HLMs fit substrate inhibition kinetics, with Km values ranging from 5.20 to 46.52 µM, Vmax values ranging from 0.20 to 3.06 µmol/min/mg, and Ksi values ranging from 25.58 to 230.30 µM. The kurarinone IC50 value was 93 ìM in the control group, 102 ìM in HLMs with NADPH, and 160 ìM in HLMs with UDPGA.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Kurarinone glucuronidation is a detoxification pathway. This information may help to elucidate the risk factors regulating kurarinone toxicity.
|
['3T3 Cells', 'Animals', 'Cell Survival', 'Coculture Techniques', 'Cytotoxins', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Flavonoids', 'Glucuronides', 'Glucuronosyltransferase', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Microsomes, Liver']
| 26,429,409
|
[['A11.251.210.100', 'A11.329.228.100'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.346'], ['E05.481.500.374'], ['D27.888.569.213'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450'], ['D02.241.081.844.915.162.500', 'D02.241.152.811.162.750', 'D02.241.511.902.915.162.750', 'D09.811.922.162.750'], ['D08.811.913.400.450.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A11.284.835.540.541']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Visual evoked potentials and visual acuity after transurethral resection of the prostate.
|
Changes in visual evoked potentials, visual acuity, blood ammonia levels and serum electrolytes (Na+ and K+) after transurethral resection of the prostate using glycine as an irrigating fluid performed under subarachnoid block were studied in 12 patients, in the pre-operative and immediate postoperative periods. Visual evoked potentials (p100 latency), recorded by shift of a checkerboard pattern, increased significantly from a pre-operative value of mean (SEM) 101.18 (1.63) msec in the right eye, and 102.5 (1.47) msec in the left eye to 108.91 (1.8) msec (p less than 0.01) and 108.08 (2.53) msec (p less than 0.01) respectively in the postoperative phase. There were no changes in visual acuity as assessed by a Snellen's chart, blood ammonia levels and serum electrolyte concentrations. The amount of glycine used intra-operatively for irrigation ranged from 3 to 31 litres.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Ammonia', 'Electrolytes', 'Evoked Potentials, Visual', 'Glycine', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prostatectomy', 'Prostatic Diseases', 'Therapeutic Irrigation', 'Visual Acuity']
| 2,048,674
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D01.362.075', 'D01.625.050'], ['D01.248'], ['G07.265.216.500.425', 'G11.561.200.500.425', 'G14.330'], ['D12.125.481'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E04.950.774.860.625'], ['C12.294.565'], ['E02.779.492.500', 'E02.831.535.492.500', 'E05.927'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Typing of HLA class II and class I antigens using PHA-activated, IL-2-propagated T lymphocytes.
|
We describe here a simple procedure, by which HLA class II antigens can be accurately and reliably identified in those patients where there is minimal or absent expression of HLA-DR,DQw antigens on B cells, or when the total number of leukocytes recovered from the patients do not permit reliable typing. Ficoll-Hypaque-separated peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes, fresh or cryopreserved, were activated by PHA and then propagated in IL-2-containing medium until enough cells for typing were obtained (usually 7-14 days). At this stage, the cultured cells were shown to be primarily T cells (greater than 90% CD3+). Since the activated T cells propagate in the presence of IL-2, even a small number (10(4] of fresh or cryopreserved patients' cells suffice for this protocol. To date we have been able to successfully HLA-DR,DQw type 34/34 bone marrow transplantation candidates and 12/12 long-term dialysis patients, who were untypable using fresh cells. HLA-DR,DQw antigens on activated T cells from normal individuals were identical to those found on their uncultured B cells. In addition, class I antigens that were undetectable on the uncultured cells of one patient could be identified on activated T cells. The HLA antigens identified on the patients' activated T cells were confirmed by phenotypic analysis of cells from family members.
|
['B-Lymphocytes', 'Cell Separation', 'Female', 'HLA Antigens', 'HLA-D Antigens', 'Histocompatibility Testing', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-2', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Male', 'Phenotype', 'Phytohemagglutinins', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 3,260,612
|
[['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['E01.370.225.500.363', 'E05.200.500.363', 'E05.242.363'], ['D23.050.301.500.450', 'D23.050.705.552.450'], ['D12.776.395.550.509.400', 'D12.776.543.550.440.400', 'D23.050.301.500.400.400', 'D23.050.301.500.450.400', 'D23.050.705.552.410.400', 'D23.050.705.552.450.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.385', 'E05.200.812.385', 'E05.478.594.385'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.021', 'D12.644.276.374.480.372', 'D12.776.467.374.465.021', 'D12.776.467.374.480.372', 'D23.529.374.465.155', 'D23.529.374.480.372'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['G05.695'], ['D12.776.395.560.825', 'D12.776.503.499.750', 'D12.776.765.678.750'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Using pre-screening methods for an effective and reliable site characterization at megasites.
|
This paper illustrates the usefulness of pre-screening methods for an effective characterization of polluted sites. We applied a sequence of site characterization methods to a former Soviet military airbase with likely fuel and benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) contamination in shallow groundwater and subsoil. The methods were (i) phytoscreening with tree cores; (ii) soil gas measurements for CH4, O2, and photoionization detector (PID); (iii) direct-push with membrane interface probe (MIP) and laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) sensors; (iv) direct-push sampling; and (v) sampling from soil and from groundwater monitoring wells. Phytoscreening and soil gas measurements are rapid and inexpensive pre-screening methods. Both indicated subsurface pollution and hot spots successfully. The direct-push sensors yielded 3D information about the extension and the volume of the subsurface plume. This study also expanded the applicability of tree coring to BTEX compounds and tested the use of high-resolution direct-push sensors for light hydrocarbons. Comparison of screening results to results from conventional soil and groundwater sampling yielded in most cases high rank correlation and confirmed the findings. The large-scale application of non- or low-invasive pre-screening can be of help in directing and focusing the subsequent, more expensive investigation methods. The rapid pre-screening methods also yielded useful information about potential remediation methods. Overall, we see several benefits of a stepwise screening and site characterization scheme, which we propose in conclusion.
|
['Benzene', 'Benzene Derivatives', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Environmental Restoration and Remediation', 'Groundwater', 'Hazardous Waste', 'Humans', 'Petroleum Pollution', 'Soil', 'Soil Pollutants', 'Toluene', 'Trees', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical', 'Xylenes']
| 25,982,981
|
[['D02.455.426.559.389.023'], ['D02.455.426.559.389'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['N06.230.080.600', 'N06.850.460.375'], ['G01.311.355'], ['D20.944.380', 'D27.888.426.500', 'N06.850.460.710.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.850.460.660'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['D27.888.284.756'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.832'], ['B01.650.915'], ['D27.888.284.903.655'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.948']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Two approaches that increase the activity of analogs of adenine nucleosides in animal cells.
|
Deamination of many analogs of adenine nucleosides results in the loss of their chemotherapeutic efficacy. Two approaches have been used in this study to overcome this problem. First, some adenine nucleotides, which are resistant to mammalian adenosine deaminase, are more toxic to animal cells than are the respective nucleosides. For toxic to animal cells than are the respective nucleosides. For example, 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyladenine 5'-phosphate, a molecule that penetrates the cell without degradation, has a more sustained toxicity against mouse fibroblasts (L-cells) than does 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyladenine (ara-A). Furthermore, L-cells treated with 2',3'-dideoxyadenosine 5'-phosphate are extensively killed after 48 hr, whereas 2',3'-dideoxyadenosine is almost nontoxic to L-cells. Specific inhibition of adenosine deaminase by nontoxic concentrations of erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine greatly potentiates the biological activity of both ara-A and 3'-deoxyadenosine (cordycepin). Simultaneous administration of cytostatic concentrations of ara-A and the inhibitor of adenosine deaminase to L-cells killed greater than 99.9 percent of cells in 36 hr. A similar concentration of ara-A plus the deaminase inhibitor also markedly extended the mean survival of mice bearing Ehrlich ascites carcinoma as compared to ara-A alone. A cytostatic concentration of cordycepin 1 x 10-4 M), administered in the presence of deaminase inhibitor, killed greater than 99.9 percent of cultured L-cells in only 8 hr. During the latter incubation, accumulation of uridine in acid-insoluble material reached a maximum after 30 min, and incorporation of thymidine into acid-insoluble material was almost totally arrested after 2 hr.
|
['Adenine', 'Adenine Nucleotides', 'Adenosine', 'Adenosine Deaminase Inhibitors', 'Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Animals', 'Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor', 'DNA', 'Deamination', 'Deoxyadenine Nucleotides', 'Deoxyadenosines', 'Dideoxynucleotides', 'Drug Synergism', 'L Cells', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Inbred DBA', 'Nucleoside Deaminases', 'Phosphates', 'Purine Nucleosides', 'RNA', 'Thymidine', 'Uridine', 'Vidarabine']
| 1,079,475
|
[['D03.633.100.759.138'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138', 'D13.695.667.138', 'D13.695.827.068'], ['D03.633.100.759.590.138', 'D13.570.583.138', 'D13.570.800.096'], ['D27.505.519.389.092'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['B01.050'], ['C04.557.470.200.200', 'C04.619.169'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G02.111.192', 'G02.607.157', 'G03.222'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.410', 'D13.695.201.100', 'D13.695.667.138.410'], ['D03.633.100.759.590.138.325', 'D13.570.230.229', 'D13.570.583.138.325'], ['D13.695.225'], ['G07.690.773.968.477'], ['A11.251.210.505', 'A11.329.228.505'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.500'], ['D08.811.277.151.486'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374', 'D01.248.497.158.730', 'D01.695.625.675.650'], ['D03.633.100.759.590', 'D13.570.583'], ['D13.444.735'], ['D03.383.742.680.705', 'D13.570.230.855', 'D13.570.685.705'], ['D03.383.742.680.852', 'D13.570.685.852', 'D13.570.800.892'], ['D03.633.100.759.590.138.900', 'D13.570.065.950', 'D13.570.583.138.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The effects of kisspeptin agonist canine KP-10 and kisspeptin antagonist p271 on plasma LH concentrations during different stages of the estrous cycle and anestrus in the bitch.
|
Kisspeptin (KP) plays a key role in the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis via the release of GnRH. As normal KP signaling is essential for reproductive function, it could be an interesting new target for therapeutic interventions, e.g., nonsurgical contraception in dogs. The aims of the present study were to investigate the effect of KP-10 administration on plasma LH concentration in different stages of the reproductive cycle and to investigate the suitability of p271 as KP antagonist in the bitch. Two groups of six adult Beagle bitches were used. In one group, plasma LH concentration was determined before (40 and 0 minutes) and 10, 20, 40, and 60 minutes after the intravenous administration of 0.5-ìg/kg body weight (BW) canine KP-10. In the other group, the bitches received a continuous intravenous infusion with p271 (50 ìg/kg BW/h) for 3 hours, and 0.5-ìg/kg BW canine KP-10 was administered intravenously 2 hours after the start of the p271 infusion. Their plasma LH concentration was determined before (-40 and 0 minutes) and 30, 60, 90, 120, 130, 140, 160, and 180 minutes after the start of the p271 infusion. In both groups, the experiments were performed during the follicular phase, the first and second half of the luteal phase, and during anestrus. Canine KP-10 induced an increase of plasma LH concentration during all estrous cycle stages and anestrus. There was no difference in LH response between the two groups. The lowest LH response was seen during the follicular phase and the highest response during anestrus. The area under the curve (AUC) for LH and LH increment in the follicular phase were lower than those in anestrus. The AUC LH and LH increment in the first half of the luteal phase were lower than those in the second half of the luteal phase and anestrus. The AUC LH and LH increment in the second half of the luteal phase were not different from those in anestrus. Continuous administration of the antagonist p271 did not alter basal plasma LH concentration and could not prevent or lower the LH response to KP-10 in any of the cycle stages and anestrus. It can be concluded that the LH response to KP-10 is dependent on estrous cycle stage and that peripheral administrated p271 cannot be used as KP antagonist in the dog. This provides new insight in reproductive endocrinology of the bitch, which is important when KP signaling is considered for therapeutic interventions, such as for estrus induction or nonsurgical contraception in the bitch.
|
['Animals', 'Dogs', 'Estrous Cycle', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Kisspeptins', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Peptides']
| 27,020,879
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['G08.686.195'], ['G05.308'], ['D12.644.276.836', 'D12.644.400.430', 'D12.776.624.776.546'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['D12.644']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Toxicity of oil and dispersant on the deep water gorgonian octocoral Swiftia exserta, with implications for the effects of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill.
|
Benthic surveys of mesophotic reefs in the Gulf of Mexico post Deepwater Horizon (DWH) showed that Swiftia exserta octocorals exhibited significantly more injury than in years before the spill. To determine the vulnerability of S. exserta to oil and dispersants, 96h toxicity assays of surrogate DWH oil water-accommodated fractions (WAF), Corexit® 9500 dispersant, and the combination of both (CEWAF) were conducted in the laboratory. Fragment mortality occurred within 48h for some fragments in the dispersant-alone and oil-dispersant treatments, while the WAF group remained relatively unaffected. The 96h LC50 values were 70.27mg/L for Corexit-alone and 41.04mg/L for Corexit in CEWAF. This study provides new information on octocoral sensitivity to toxins, and indicates that combinations of oil and dispersants are more toxic to octocorals than exposure to oil alone. These results have important implications for the assessment of effects of the DWH spill on deep-water organisms.
|
['Animals', 'Anthozoa', 'Gulf of Mexico', 'Petroleum', 'Petroleum Pollution', 'Water', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 28,666,594
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.308.237'], ['Z01.756.092.325'], ['D20.345.630', 'N06.230.132.258.630'], ['N06.850.460.660'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Isotope dilution high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry assay for the measurement of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine in biological samples.
|
A sensitive and specific assay aimed at measuring 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodGuo) has been developed by associating a reversed-phase liquid chromatographic separation with an electrospray tandem mass spectrometric detection. The HPLC-MS approach in the single ion monitoring (SIM) mode and the HPLC-MS/MS assay in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode have been compared, using isotopically labeled [M+4] 8-oxodGuo as the internal standard. The limit of detection of 8-oxodGuo was found to be around 5 pmol and 20 fmol for the HPLC-MS and HPLC-MS/MS methods, respectively. The HPLC-MS/MS assay is sensitive enough to allow the determination of the level of 8-oxodGuo in cellular liver DNA and in urine samples.
|
["8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine", 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'DNA', 'Deoxyguanosine', 'Isotopes', 'Liver', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 9,792,521
|
[['D03.633.100.759.590.454.240.500', 'D13.570.230.360.500', 'D13.570.583.454.240.500'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D03.633.100.759.590.454.240', 'D13.570.230.360', 'D13.570.583.454.240'], ['D01.496'], ['A03.620'], ['E05.196.566'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A study of school nurse job satisfaction.
|
This study explored job satisfaction and changes needed to help boost levels of job satisfaction. Self-reported job satisfaction data were collected from 71 school nurses employed in elementary, middle, and high school settings via interactive focus groups. The subjects participated in a 30- to 45-minute focus group session that was audiotaped and transcribed by the principal investigator. Beliefs about job satisfaction were identified and classified into exclusive categories or themes. While the majority of school nurses expressed contentment with their jobs, certain factors that would increase job satisfaction, such as salary and control issues, were discussed. Overall, 83% of school nurses in this study were satisfied in their present positions; however, issues of coping and role strain were identified as major contributors to low morale. Only 17% of the school nurses voiced job dissatisfaction, primarily attributed to low salaries and lack of trust and support from administration. As school nurses face a diverse community with complex needs, adaptation is needed for job satisfaction to be maintained. For this to occur, school nurses must take the initiative to educate administrators, parents, and communities about their role in the school setting.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adult', 'Female', 'Focus Groups', 'Humans', 'Job Satisfaction', 'Middle Aged', 'Morale', "Nurse's Role", 'Professional Autonomy', 'Qualitative Research', 'Salaries and Fringe Benefits', 'School Nursing', 'Southwestern United States', 'Workload']
| 15,040,766
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.308.112', 'N05.715.360.300.269', 'N06.850.520.308.112'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.784.692.425'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.829.477'], ['F01.829.316.616.625.450', 'N05.300.100.337'], ['N04.452.758.752'], ['H01.770.644.241.850'], ['N01.824.417.700', 'N04.452.677.800'], ['H02.478.676.824', 'N02.421.726.809.742'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760'], ['I03.946.225.500', 'N04.452.677.650.500']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Persistence of m?llerian derivatives, lymphangiectasis, hepatic failure, postaxial polydactyly, renal and craniofacial anomalies.
|
We describe 3 unrelated newborn males with a previously unreported constellation of congenital anomalies. All 3 died neonatally of hepatic failure. Clinically, they presented with a pattern of malformations characterized by prenatal linear growth deficiency, hypertrophied alveolar ridges, redundant nuchal skin, and postaxial polydactyly. All 3 cases had male external genitalia with cryptorchidism, and 2 of them, a small penis. Necropsies showed similar internal anomalies, consisting of m?llerian duct remnants, lymphangiectasis, and renal anomalies. The karyotypes were normal (46, XY) in skin fibroblasts (Case 1) and in peripheral blood lymphocytes (Case 3). Although this pattern of congenital anomalies must be differentiated from several other lethal syndromes, to our knowledge, no similar cases have been described previously. Cause of this syndrome is unknown. Because Case 2 had a previous brother with similar anomalies, we suspect that this new entity probably is an autosomal recessive or X-linked trait.
|
['Abnormalities, Multiple', 'Face', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Kidney', 'Liver Failure', 'Lymphangiectasis', 'Male', 'Mullerian Ducts', 'Polydactyly', 'Skull', 'Syndrome']
| 8,256,813
|
[['C16.131.077'], ['A01.456.505'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['A05.810.453'], ['C06.552.308.500'], ['C15.604.360'], ['A16.623'], ['C05.660.585.600', 'C16.131.621.585.600'], ['A02.835.232.781'], ['C23.550.288.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Unplanned extubation: a local experience.
|
OBJECTIVES: To study the outcome of unplanned extubation (UE) in the Medical Intensive Care Unit (MICU) and to identify factors which predict the need for reintubation.METHODS: A prospective study of all mechanically ventilated patients admitted to MICU in 1998. Patients were enrolled into the study at the point of their first UE. The primary endpoint was reintubation after UE and secondary endpoint was death from any cause during hospitalisation.RESULTS: A total of 543 patients were admitted to MICU of which 312 were mechanically ventilated. UE accounted for 8.7% of our mechanically ventilated patients. The mean APACHE 11 score was 20 (+/- 10), mean time between intubation and UE was 3.1 days (+/- 3.1), mean length of MICU stay was 10.1 days (+/- 10.2) and mean hospital stay was 27.0 days (+/- 36.1). Eighty-seven percent of the UE was deliberate. The rate of reintubation after failed UE was 58.3% of which 71.4% had immediate reintubation. Twenty-nine percent of patients were undergoing weaning during UE. The in-hospital mortality was 25%. All deaths occurred in the group who failed UE. Patients who failed UE had a higher mean APACHE 11 score, a higher mean pre-extubation FiO2 level and a lower mean PaO2/ FiO2 ratio (p < 0.05).CONCLUSION: UE accounted for 8.7% of our mechanically ventilated patients and 58.3% of these patients required reintubation. Failed UE was associated with a higher mortality. A higher APACHE 11 score, higher pre-extubation FiO2 level and a lower PaO2/FiO2 ratio were associated with reintubation after failed UE.
|
['Critical Care', 'Device Removal', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intubation, Intratracheal', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Respiration, Artificial', 'Retreatment', 'Treatment Failure']
| 12,587,704
|
[['E02.760.190', 'N02.421.585.190'], ['E04.199'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.041.500', 'E02.585.578', 'E05.497.578'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E02.041.625', 'E02.365.647.729', 'E02.880.820'], ['E02.887'], ['E01.789.800.760', 'N04.761.559.590.800.760', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.760']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Study on defensive medicine practices among obstetricians and gynecologists who provide breast care.
|
The purpose of this study was to assess malpractice concerns, career satisfaction, defensive medicine, experience with liability lawsuits, and changes in breast care practices among obstetricians and gynecologists (ob-gyns) who provide breast care. Four hundred ACOG Fellows were randomly selected and invited to participate, 247 (62%) responded. A majority of responders had increased the number of referrals for the diagnosis of breast abnormalities (58.9%) and treatment of breast disease (53.6%) due to fears and concerns regarding malpractice. On average, there was a high level of career satisfaction (M=8.5 [SD=2.5] on a scale from 0 to 10); however, those who had been sued were significantly less satisfied than those who had not. Physicians who had decreased breast surgical procedures and increased referrals for diagnosis and treatment of breast disease reported practicing defensive medicine more frequently. In a regression analysis, having been sued was a significant predictor of practicing defensive medicine more often. Physicians from states with malpractice crisis reported practicing defensive medicine more frequently and more lawsuits than physicians from stable states. Malpractice fears and defensive medicine continue to affect the practices of ob-gyns, most specifically, as this study shows, ob-gyns who provide breast care.
|
['Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Breast Diseases', 'Defensive Medicine', 'Fear', 'Female', 'Gynecology', 'Humans', 'Job Satisfaction', 'Male', 'Malpractice', 'Middle Aged', 'Obstetrics', "Practice Patterns, Physicians'", 'Referral and Consultation', 'United States']
| 22,414,018
|
[['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['C17.800.090'], ['I01.880.604.583.524.300', 'N03.706.535.606.300'], ['F01.470.361'], ['H02.403.763.750', 'H02.403.810.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.784.692.425'], ['I01.880.604.583.524', 'N03.706.535.606'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['H02.403.810.450'], ['N04.590.374.577', 'N05.300.625'], ['N04.452.758.849'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Inequalities in access to and utilization of dental care in Brazil: an analysis of the Telephone Survey Surveillance System for Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases (VIGITEL 2009)].
|
This study aimed to evaluate access to and utilization of various types of dental services by individuals 18 years or older in Brazil's State capitals. We gathered data from the Telephone Survey Surveillance System for Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases (VIGITEL) in 2009 (n = 54,367). More than half of the target population reported the need for dental treatment in the previous year; of these, 15.2% lacked access to dental services when needed. The private sector provided 61.1% of all dental appointments. The share of services provided by the Unified National Health System (SUS) ranged from 6.2% in the Federal District to 35.2% in Boa Vista, in the North. Multivariate Poisson regression models showed higher prevalence of dental treatment needs among women, middle-aged adults, and individuals with more schooling. Lack of access to dental care was more frequent among women, young adults, less educated individuals, and among lightener-skinned blacks. Our findings highlight sharp inequalities in the use of and access to dental services in the Brazilian State capitals.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Brazil', 'Dental Care', 'Dental Health Services', 'Educational Status', 'Female', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Poisson Distribution', 'Prevalence', 'Regression Analysis', 'Sex Factors', 'Skin Pigmentation', 'Telephone', 'Young Adult']
| 22,714,973
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['E06.170', 'N02.421.240.190'], ['N02.421.240'], ['N01.824.196'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.994.750', 'G17.820.750', 'N05.715.360.750.750.620', 'N06.850.520.830.994.750'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['E01.370.600.115.450.500', 'E01.370.600.620.750', 'G07.100.175.500', 'G13.750.837', 'G16.690.890'], ['L01.178.847.698'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Prevalence of alcohol related attendance at an inner city emergency department and its impact: a dual prospective and retrospective cohort study.
|
BACKGROUND: Alcohol related hospital attendances are a potentially avoidable burden on emergency departments (EDs). Understanding the number and type of patients attending EDs with alcohol intoxication is important in estimating the workload and cost implications. We used best practice from previous studies to establish the prevalence of adult alcohol related ED attendances and estimate the costs of clinical management and subsequent health service use.METHODS: The setting was a large inner city ED in northeast England, UK. Data were collected via (i) retrospective review of hospital records for all ED attendances for four pre-specified weeks in 2010/2011 to identify alcohol related cases along with 12 months of follow-up of the care episode and (ii) prospective 24/7 assessment via breath alcohol concentration testing of patients presenting to the ED in the corresponding weeks in 2012/2013.RESULTS: The prevalence rates of alcohol related attendances were 12% and 15% for the retrospective and prospective cohorts, respectively. Prospectively, the rates ranged widely from 4% to 60% across week days, rising to over 70% at weekends. Younger males attending in the early morning hours at weekends made up the largest proportion of alcohol related attendances. The mean cost per attendance was £249 (SD £1064); the mean total cost for those admitted was £851 (SD £2549). The most common reasons for attending were trauma related injuries followed by psychiatric problems.CONCLUSIONS: Alcohol related attendances are a major and avoidable burden on emergency care. However, targeted interventions at weekends and early morning hours could capture the majority of cases and help prevent future re-attendance.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Alcohol-Related Disorders', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'England', 'Female', 'Hospital Costs', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Mental Disorders', 'Middle Aged', 'Prevalence', 'Prospective Studies', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Wounds and Injuries', 'Young Adult']
| 26,698,364
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['C25.775.100', 'F03.900.100'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['Z01.542.363.300'], ['N03.219.151.400.687', 'N03.219.262.500', 'N05.300.375.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['F03'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C26'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Evaluation of four modalities of periodontal therapy. Mean probing depth, probing attachment level and recession changes.
|
Eighty-two periodontally involved patients were treated in a split mouth design such that one quadrant received coronal scaling (CS), root planing (RP), modified Widman surgery (MW), and flap with osseous resection surgery (FO). The therapy was performed in three phases: Phase I: the teeth previously designated to receive RP, MW, and FO were thoroughly root planed and the teeth designated to receive CS were scaled with no subgingival instrumentation, plaque control was initiated and reinforced for the entire mouth; Phase II: the designated teeth received MW or FO surgery; and Phase III: maintenance therapy every three months. The CS teeth received coronal scaling and polishing during maintenance appointments, while RP, MW, and FO teeth received supragingival instrumentation, subgingival instrumentation and polishing. Clinical measurements were taken initially, four weeks post-Phase I, 10 weeks post-Phase II, and after each of two years of maintenance care. All therapy modalities resulted in a decrease of mean probing depth with the FO producing the greatest decrease followed by MW, RP, and CS. The deeper the initial probing depth, the greater was the mean reduction of probing depth. FO created a loss of mean probing attachment in the 1 to 4 mm category. RP and MW produced the greatest gain of mean probing attachment in the 5 to 6 mm category. RP, MW, and FO produced similar gains in the greater than or equal to 7 mm category. FO created the most gingival recession followed by MW, RP, and CS.
|
['Adult', 'Dental Scaling', 'Epithelial Attachment', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Female', 'Gingival Diseases', 'Gingival Recession', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Periodontal Diseases', 'Periodontal Pocket', 'Periodontitis', 'Periodontium', 'Random Allocation', 'Surgical Flaps', 'Tooth Root']
| 3,066,888
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E06.721.189.350', 'E06.761.227.350'], ['A14.549.167.646.374'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['C07.465.714.258'], ['C07.465.714.258.447', 'C07.465.714.354.625'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['C07.465.714'], ['C07.465.714.533.750'], ['C07.465.714.533'], ['A14.549.167.646'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710'], ['A14.549.167.900.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Plasma total homocysteine and cardiovascular risk in patients submitted to liver transplantation.
|
Patients submitted to orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) show an increased rate of cardiovascular events. OLT subjects have high homocysteine (Hcy) levels, but no data are available on the association of Hcy with cardiovascular events. In a cross-sectional analysis, 230 subjects were studied at least 6 months after OLT (159 on cyclosporine, 71 on tacrolimus). Routine laboratory data and total Hcy were recorded, as well as the history of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and overweight. Cardiovascular events occurring in a follow-up of 2-36 months were registered. OLT subjects had higher-than-normal Hcy (median 16.7 micromol/L, range 6.1-171.8) without difference between the 2 immunosuppressive agents. The prevalence of Hcy >15 micromol/L was also similar, and significantly correlated with creatinine levels. A total of 28 arterial events occurred in 25 patients during follow-up (11 in coronary arteries, 10 in peripheral arteries, and 7 in splanchnic arteries). Deep vein thromboses occurred in 2 patients, and splanchnic vein thromboses in 4 patients. Cardiovascular events were frequently associated to high Hcy and hypertension. Cox regression analysis showed that high Hcy was significantly associated with arterial events. The risk of any arterial event, coronary artery or peripheral artery event increased by nearly 10% for any increase in Hcy of 5 micromol/L. In conclusion, high Hcy may be involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular events in OLT patients. The usefulness of Hcy-lowering therapy remains to be verified.
|
['Adult', 'Age Distribution', 'Aged', 'Biomarkers', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Graft Rejection', 'Graft Survival', 'Homocysteine', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Liver Failure', 'Liver Transplantation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Selection', 'Postoperative Care', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Preoperative Care', 'Prevalence', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Risk Assessment', 'Sex Distribution', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Transplantation Immunology', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 16,382,457
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.101'], ['C14'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['G12.875.545.328'], ['G12.875.545.340'], ['D02.886.030.498', 'D12.125.166.498'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['C06.552.308.500'], ['E02.095.147.725.490', 'E04.210.650', 'E04.936.450.490', 'E04.936.580.490'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.581.500.653', 'N04.590.731'], ['E02.760.731.700', 'E04.604.500', 'N02.421.585.722.700'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E02.760.795', 'E04.604.750', 'N02.421.585.795'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['G12.875'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Large-scale purification of active cytochrome b6/f complex from spinach chloroplasts.
|
A preparation is described through which large quantities of pure, active cytochrome b6/f complex can be isolated from spinach chloroplasts. The resulting complex is at least 90% pure with respect to the maximum content of redox centers, consists of four polypeptides according to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and lacks both ferredoxin: NADP+ oxidoreductase and the high molecular weight form of cytochrome f seen in some other preparations. The complex contains 2 mol b6 and 2 atoms of nonheme iron per mole of cytochrome f, and possesses a high plastoquinol-plastocyanin oxidoreductase activity (Cyt f turnover no. 20-35 s-1). The present preparation should be helpful in the effort to crystallize the cytochrome b6/f complex.
|
['Chloroplasts', 'Cytochrome b Group', 'Cytochrome b6f Complex', 'Cytochromes', 'Cytochromes f', 'Molecular Weight', 'Multienzyme Complexes', 'Plants', 'Spectrum Analysis']
| 3,813,555
|
[['A11.284.430.214.190.875.700.140'], ['D08.244.187', 'D12.776.422.220.187'], ['D05.500.562.488.374', 'D08.811.600.710.374', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.875.311', 'D12.776.543.930.500.374', 'D12.776.765.199.750.750.374'], ['D08.244', 'D12.776.422.220'], ['D05.500.562.488.374.750', 'D08.244.726', 'D08.811.600.710.374.750', 'D12.776.422.220.726', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.875.311.750', 'D12.776.543.930.500.374.750', 'D12.776.765.199.750.750.374.750'], ['G02.494'], ['D05.500.562', 'D08.811.600'], ['B01.650'], ['E05.196.867']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Influence of the number of basis images and projection array on caries detection using tuned aperture computed tomography (TACT).
|
OBJECTIVES: to determine if the number of basis images and spatial distribution of the projection array used for TACT slice generation influence observer performance in caries detection.METHODS: In the first experiment, 2, 4, 8 and 12 basis projections of each of 40 teeth were acquired using a CMOS digital radiography sensor. Projections were distributed radially in space using a 20 degree angular disparity. TACT slices were generated from the four subgroups of images, presented to eight observers, and viewed on a high-resolution monitor. Observers scored the presence/absence of caries using a 5-point confidence scale. Gold standard was histological examination of tooth sections. ROC curves measured observer diagnostic performance. ANOVA tested for significant differences between observers and experimental conditions. In the second experiment, the number of basis projections judged to be satisfactory for TACT slice generation was used. Horizontal and vertical linear arrays of projections were compared to the circular projection array.RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference between the numbers of basis projections in the detection of both occlusal (P=0.006) and proximal caries (P=0.005). No significant difference was found between projection arrays in the detection of either occlusal (P=0.065) or proximal (P=0.515) caries.CONCLUSIONS: The number of TACT basis projections significantly influences caries detection. Eight or more images should be used. Either linear-vertical, linear-horizontal or circular arrays of basis projections may be used for TACT slice generation in caries detection tasks.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Area Under Curve', 'Bicuspid', 'Confidence Intervals', 'Dental Caries', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Likelihood Functions', 'Molar', 'Observer Variation', 'ROC Curve', 'Radiographic Image Enhancement', 'Radiography, Dental, Digital', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Statistics as Topic', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 11,803,385
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['E05.318.740.200', 'G03.787.101', 'G07.690.725.064', 'N06.850.520.830.200'], ['A14.549.167.860.150'], ['E05.318.740.275', 'N05.715.360.750.220', 'N06.850.520.830.275'], ['C07.793.720.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E05.318.740.500.475', 'E05.318.740.600.400', 'E05.599.835.500', 'N05.715.360.750.530.450', 'N05.715.360.750.625.450', 'N06.850.520.830.500.475', 'N06.850.520.830.600.400'], ['A14.549.167.860.525'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E01.370.350.600.350.700', 'E01.370.350.700.700', 'L01.224.308.380.600'], ['E01.370.350.600.350.700.690', 'E01.370.350.700.700.690', 'E01.370.350.700.720.720', 'E06.342.764.716'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Reinventing clinical roles and space at school.
|
Recognizing both the need for youth-focused acute mental health services and the barriers for low-income families to access outside services, the RALLY Program expanded its services to include direct clinical services for students within the school setting. This article explores the challenges, strategies, and benefits of implementing a fluid range of formal and informal clinical interventions within RALLY's nonstigmatizing, developmental, and inclusive approach. Balancing insurance company demands with students' nonbillable needs requires diverse funding streams and responsive programming. Creative use of space, commitment to relationships, and flexibility of roles form the foundation of this approach. Through case studies, the author examines practical and creative applications of developmental theories adaptable to individual students' unique needs. The author concludes with recommendations to the field to strengthen nonstigmatizing services offered to address the holistic needs of youth at school.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adolescent', 'Adolescent Development', 'Child', 'Child Development', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mental Health', 'Mental Health Services', 'Models, Educational', 'Professional Role', 'Program Development', 'Program Evaluation', 'School Health Services', 'Schools', 'Social Support', 'United States']
| 19,170,115
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.057'], ['F01.525.049', 'G07.345.374.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F01.525.200', 'G07.345.374.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.418', 'N01.400.500'], ['F04.408', 'N02.421.461'], ['E05.599.545', 'I02.903.302'], ['F01.829.316.616.625'], ['N04.452.760'], ['E05.337.820', 'N04.761.685', 'N05.715.360.650'], ['N02.421.726.809'], ['I02.783', 'J03.832'], ['I01.880.853.500.600'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Reliable, minimally invasive oromandibular reconstruction using metal plate rolled with pectoralis major myocutaneous flap.
|
The purpose of this study was to minimize the surgical invasiveness to the donor site and the amount of the primary reconstruction time after oromandibular tumor resection. Oromandibular reconstruction was performed only using a pectoralis major myocutaneous flap and a metal plate. The pectoralis major myocutaneous flap was grafted to the oral cavity defect by rolling and wrapping around the metal plate with the muscle of the flap. No early postoperative complications have been noted in all seven patients. An average of 2 years and 1 month has past since surgery, and to date no infections, plate exposure, or plate breakage have been observed in any of the patients. The safety of the oromandibular reconstruction using a metal plate was improved by rolling the muscle of the pectoralis major myocutaneous flap around the metal plate. The present method was shown to be a rational technique that allowed primary reconstruction of the oral cavity and mandible in a minimally invasive manner in a short time.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Bone Plates', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mandible', 'Mandibular Neoplasms', 'Middle Aged', 'Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures', 'Mouth Neoplasms', 'Oral Surgical Procedures', 'Pectoralis Muscles', 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures', 'Sarcoma, Synovial', 'Skin Transplantation', 'Surgical Flaps']
| 11,482,617
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E07.695.370.374', 'E07.858.442.660.460.374', 'E07.858.690.725.460.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.632', 'A14.521.632'], ['C04.588.149.721.450.583', 'C05.116.231.754.450.583', 'C05.500.499.583', 'C05.500.607.442', 'C07.320.515.583', 'C07.320.610.583'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.502'], ['C04.588.443.591', 'C07.465.530'], ['E04.545', 'E06.645'], ['A02.633.567.775'], ['E04.680'], ['C04.557.450.565.835', 'C04.557.450.795.875'], ['E02.095.147.725.700', 'E04.680.275.850', 'E04.936.580.700'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
RNA-seq analysis of developing olfactory bulb projection neurons.
|
Transmission of olfactory information to higher brain regions is mediated by olfactory bulb (OB) projection neurons, the mitral and tufted cells. Although mitral/tufted cells are often characterized as the OB counterpart of cortical projection neurons (also known as pyramidal neurons), they possess several unique morphological characteristics and project specifically to the olfactory cortices. Moreover, the molecular networks contributing to the generation of mitral/tufted cells during development are largely unknown. To understand the developmental patterns of gene expression in mitral/tufted cells in the OB, we performed transcriptome analyses targeting purified OB projection neurons at different developmental time points with next-generation RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Through these analyses, we found 1202 protein-coding genes that are temporally differentially-regulated in developing projection neurons. Among them, 388 genes temporally changed their expression level only in projection neurons. The data provide useful resource to study the molecular mechanisms regulating development of mitral/tufted cells. We further compared the gene expression profiles of developing mitral/tufted cells with those of three cortical projection neuron subtypes, subcerebral projection neurons, corticothalamic projection neurons, and callosal projection neurons, and found that the molecular signature of developing olfactory projection neuron bears resemblance to that of subcerebral neurons. We also identified 3422 events that change the ratio of splicing isoforms in mitral/tufted cells during maturation. Interestingly, several genes expressed a novel isoform not previously reported. These results provide us with a broad perspective of the molecular networks underlying the development of OB projection neurons.
|
['Animals', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Mice', 'Neurons', 'Olfactory Bulb', 'Open Reading Frames', 'Transcriptome']
| 27,073,125
|
[['B01.050'], ['G05.308.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.388'], ['G05.360.335.760.640', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.650'], ['G02.111.873.750', 'G05.297.700.750', 'G05.360.920']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Aspects of FHR tracings as warning signals.
|
We have reviewed several different groups of common clinical problems with an eye toward their effects on FHR tracings. Although argument exists in the literature concerning the universal applicability of continuous EFM, most authors agree that continuous EFM is desirable, if not imperative, within these subgroups. Schifrin said, "It appears that potential benefits accrue when EFM and scalp sampling are employed with understanding and adequate training." With appropriate training, EFM and pH analysis can help the clinician to quickly and accurately assess fetal condition and to make necessary decisions regarding labor and delivery. The interpretation of fetal monitoring patterns necessitates consideration of gestational age and maternal condition as a starting point in analysis. The many other components of fetal-maternal interactions that occur with labor and delivery can be assessed satisfactorily only in this light.
|
['Female', 'Fetal Diseases', 'Fetal Growth Retardation', 'Fetal Heart', 'Fetal Monitoring', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Obstetric Labor, Premature', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy in Diabetics', 'Pregnancy, Prolonged', 'Prognosis', 'Tachycardia']
| 3,955,932
|
[['C13.703.277', 'C16.300'], ['C13.703.277.370', 'C16.300.390', 'C23.550.393.450'], ['A07.541.278', 'A16.378.303'], ['E01.370.378.230', 'E01.370.520.230'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C13.703.420.491'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.726'], ['C13.703.805'], ['E01.789'], ['C14.280.067.845', 'C14.280.123.875', 'C23.550.073.845']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The use of isoproterenol and phenytoin to reverse torsade de pointes.
|
Torsade de pointes is a form of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia that differs from other forms of ventricular tachycardia in its morphology, precipitating factors, and therapeutic approach. Its recognition is of utmost importance, as the standard anti-arrythmic drugs not only might be ineffective in its termination but also may aggravate it. Herein, we report a case of antipsychotic-induced torsade de pointes and describe the use of magnesium sulfate, isoproterenol, and phenytoin and their proposed mechanism of action.
|
['Adult', 'Antipsychotic Agents', 'Cardiotonic Agents', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Electrocardiography', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Isoproterenol', 'Phenytoin', 'Torsades de Pointes', 'Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Blockers']
| 24,462,399
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.331'], ['D27.505.954.411.222', 'D27.720.799.080'], ['E02.319.310'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.033.100.291.439', 'D02.092.063.291.439', 'D02.092.311.649', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.649'], ['D03.383.129.308.432.555.730'], ['C14.280.067.845.940.700', 'C14.280.123.875.940.700', 'C23.550.073.845.940.700'], ['D27.505.519.562.750.500', 'D27.505.954.411.720.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Binding of a synthetic targeting peptide to a mitochondrial channel protein.
|
Membrane crystals of the mitochondrial outer membrane channel VDAC (porin) from Neurospora crassa were incubated with a 20-amino-acid synthetic peptide corresponding to the N-terminal targeting region of subunit IV of cytochrome oxidase. The peptide caused disordering and contraction of the crystal lattice of the membrane arrays. Also, new stain-excluding features were observed on the peptide-treated arrays which most likely correspond to sites at which the peptide accumulates. The stain exclusion zones associated with binding of the targeting peptide (and with binding of apocytochrome c in an earlier study) have been localized on a two-dimensional density map of frozen-hydrated, crystalline VDAC previously obtained by cryo-electron microscopy. The results indicate that both the peptide and cytochrome c bind to protein "arms" which extend laterally between the channel lumens. The finding that imported polypeptides bind to a specific region of the VDAC protein implicates this channel in the process by which precursor proteins are recognized at and translocated across the mitochondrial outer membrane.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'Crystallization', 'Electron Transport Complex IV', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Ion Channels', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Mitochondria', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Neurospora', 'Peptides', 'Porins', 'Protein Binding', 'Staining and Labeling', 'Voltage-Dependent Anion Channels']
| 1,380,505
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['E05.196.300', 'G02.171'], ['D05.500.562.374', 'D08.811.600.250.687', 'D08.811.682.285', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.875.304', 'D12.776.543.277.687', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.875.484'], ['L01.224.308'], ['D12.776.157.530.400', 'D12.776.543.550.450', 'D12.776.543.585.400'], ['D12.776.543'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B01.300.107.800.629'], ['D12.644'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.730', 'D12.776.543.585.400.730'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670', 'E05.200.500.620.670', 'E05.200.750.600.670'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.500.520', 'D12.776.543.550.450.730.520', 'D12.776.543.585.400.730.520']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Electrically-induced, nerve-mediated relaxation of rabbit urethra involves nitric oxide.
|
Isolated smooth muscle preparations from the rabbit urethra precontracted with noradrenaline (10(-5) M), endothelin (10(-7) M), or arginine vasopressin (10(-7) M) responded to electrical field stimulation by frequency-dependent non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic relaxations, which could be blocked by tetrodotoxin (10(-6) M). Relaxation was more pronounced in preparations precontracted by endothelin than by noradrenaline or arginine vasopressin. The electrically induced relaxations were reduced in a concentration-dependent manner by pretreatment for 30 minutes with NG-nitro-L-arginine (10(-6) to 10(-4) M) and NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (10(-5) to 10(-4) M). At the highest concentration of NG-nitro-L-arginine used (10(-4) M), relaxation was abolished and/or changed into a contraction. The effect of NG-nitro-L-arginine was reversible. NG-nitro-D-arginine had no effect. Pretreatment for 30 minutes with L-arginine (10(-3) M) slightly, but significantly, enhanced the maximum relaxation to field stimulation in noradrenaline-precontracted preparations. L-arginine pretreatment also prevented the effects of low, but not high, concentrations of NG-nitro-L-arginine. In contrast, D-arginine had no effect. Electrically induced relaxations were not significantly affected by methylene blue (10(-5) M) or superoxide dismutase (20 U/ml). Addition of nitric oxide (present in acidified solution of NaNO2) caused transient and concentration-dependent relaxations in preparations precontracted by noradrenaline. At the maximum concentration used (10(-3) M), the relaxant response averaged 67% of the tension induced by noradrenaline. Nitric-oxide-induced relaxations were not affected by NG-nitro-L-arginine or L-arginine, but were significantly inhibited by methylene blue. In preliminary experiments, effects similar to those found in rabbit urethra were also observed in isolated urethral preparations obtained from three patients. It is suggested that in the urethra, nitric oxide is involved in the mediation of relaxation evoked by electrical stimulation of nerves.
|
['Animals', 'Arginine', 'Arginine Vasopressin', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Endothelins', 'Female', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Methylene Blue', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscle Relaxation', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Nitroarginine', 'Norepinephrine', 'Rabbits', 'Urethra', 'omega-N-Methylarginine']
| 1,729,542
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.125.068.050', 'D12.125.095.104', 'D12.125.142.087'], ['D06.472.699.631.692.781.100', 'D12.644.400.900.100', 'D12.644.456.925.100', 'D12.644.548.691.692.781.100', 'D12.776.631.650.937.100'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E05.723.402'], ['D12.644.276.400', 'D12.776.467.400', 'D23.529.400'], ['E05.481'], ['D02.886.369.517', 'D03.633.300.783.517'], ['G11.427.494'], ['G11.427.494.554'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D12.125.068.050.587', 'D12.125.095.104.587'], ['D02.033.100.291.502', 'D02.092.063.480', 'D02.092.211.215.746', 'D02.092.311.830', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.830'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['A05.360.444.492.726', 'A05.810.876'], ['D12.125.068.050.650', 'D12.125.095.104.650', 'D12.125.142.087.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Biosynthetic gene cluster for the polyenoyltetramic acid alpha-lipomycin.
|
The gram-positive bacterium Streptomyces aureofaciens T?117 produces the acyclic polyene antibiotic alpha-lipomycin. The entire biosynthetic gene cluster (lip gene cluster) was cloned and characterized. DNA sequence analysis of a 74-kb region revealed the presence of 28 complete open reading frames (ORFs), 22 of them belonging to the biosynthetic gene cluster. Central to the cluster is a polyketide synthase locus that encodes an eight-module system comprised of four multifunctional proteins. In addition, one ORF shows homology to those for nonribosomal peptide synthetases, indicating that alpha-lipomycin belongs to the classification of hybrid peptide-polyketide natural products. Furthermore, the lip cluster includes genes responsible for the formation and attachment of d-digitoxose as well as ORFs that resemble those for putative regulatory and export functions. We generated biosynthetic mutants by insertional gene inactivation. By analysis of culture extracts of these mutants, we could prove that, indeed, the genes involved in the biosynthesis of lipomycin had been cloned, and additionally we gained insight into an unusual biosynthesis pathway.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Base Sequence', 'Chromosomes, Bacterial', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Culture Media', 'Gene Deletion', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Gram-Positive Bacteria', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Molecular Structure', 'Multigene Family', 'Mutagenesis, Insertional', 'Mutation', 'Open Reading Frames', 'Plasmids', 'Polyenes', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Streptomyces aureofaciens']
| 16,723,573
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.284.187.190', 'A20.812', 'G05.360.162.190'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['B03.510'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['E05.393.420.601.550', 'G05.365.590.575', 'G05.558.550'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.360.335.760.640', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.650'], ['G05.360.600'], ['D02.455.326.271.665'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['B03.300.390.400.810.768.125', 'B03.510.024.997.775.125', 'B03.510.415.400.810.768.125', 'B03.510.460.410.810.768.125']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Survival after whole brain radiotherapy for brain metastases from lung cancer and breast cancer is poor in 6325 Dutch patients treated between 2000 and 2014.
|
BACKGROUND: Whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) is considered standard of care for patients with multiple brain metastases or unfit for radical treatment modalities. Recent studies raised discussion about the expected survival after WBRT. Therefore, we analysed survival after WBRT for brain metastases 'in daily practice' in a large nationwide multicentre retrospective cohort.METHODS: Between 2000 and 2014, 6325 patients had WBRT (20 Gy in 4 Gy fractions) for brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC; 4363 patients) or breast cancer (BC; 1962 patients); patients were treated in 15 out of 21 Dutch radiotherapy centres. Survival was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method from the first day of WBRT until death as recorded in local hospital data registration or the Dutch Municipal Personal Records Database.FINDINGS: The median survival was 2.7 months for NSCLC and 3.7 months for BC patients (p < .001). For NSCLC patients aged <50, 50-60, 60-70 and >70 years, survival was 4.0, 3.0, 2.8 and 2.1 months, respectively (p < .001). For BC patients, survival was 4.5, 3.8, 3.2 and 2.9 months, respectively (p = .047). In multivariable analyses, higher age was related to poorer survival with hazard ratios (HR) for patients aged 50-60, 60-70 and >70 years being 1.05, 1.19 and 1.34, respectively. Primary BC (HR: 0.83) and female sex (HR: 0.85) were related to better survival (p < .001).INTERPRETATION: The survival of patients after WBRT for brain metastases from NSCLC treated in Dutch 'common radiotherapy practice' is poor, in breast cancer and younger patients it is disappointingly little better. These results are in line with the results presented in the QUARTZ trial and we advocate a much more restrictive use of WBRT. In patients with a more favourable prognosis the optimal treatment strategy remains to be determined. Prospective randomized trials and individualized prognostic models are needed to identify these patients and to tailor treatment.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Breast Neoplasms, Male', 'Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Cohort Studies', 'Cranial Irradiation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Netherlands', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 29,276,848
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['C04.588.180.260', 'C17.800.090.500.260'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E02.815.190'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.542.651'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Tension pneumocephalus following surgery for subdural hematoma.
|
Five examples of subdural air under tension after surgical evacuation of chronic subdural hematoma are presented. This complication can account for lack of improvement of worsening. The diagnosis is easily made with skull X-rays or computed tomography. A simple treatment using a percutaneous catheter connected to negative pressure is suggested.
|
['Aged', 'Female', 'Hematoma, Subdural', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pneumocephalus', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Radiography', 'Suction']
| 7,373,674
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.228.140.300.535.450.400', 'C10.900.300.837.600', 'C14.907.253.573.400.450', 'C23.550.414.838.700', 'C23.550.414.913.700', 'C26.915.300.490.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.228.140.199.700', 'C10.228.806', 'C10.900.300.087.700', 'C26.915.300.200.650'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E04.237.890']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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The Outcome of Cirrhotic Patients with Ascites Is Improved by the Normalization of the Serum Sodium Level by Tolvaptan.
|
Objective Hyponatremia is frequently observed in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis and it is also related to a poor prognosis. The vasopressin V2-receptor antagonist tolvaptan is used to treat cirrhotic patients with ascites and increases the serum sodium (Na) level. In this study, we investigated (i) whether or not correction of the Na level improves the prognosis of cirrhotic patients with ascites and (ii) predictors of normalization of the serum Na level after tolvaptan therapy. Methods This was a single-center retrospective study. A total of 95 Japanese cirrhotic patients (60 men, median age 63 years) were enrolled and received tolvaptan orally after hospitalization for ascites treatment. The serum Na level was monitored during the period of tolvaptan treatment. The laboratory data and survival rates of patients who achieved serum Na levels of <135 and ?135 mEq/L after 1 week were compared. Results Patients showed serum Na levels of 136 (121-145) mEq/L, and 42.1% had a serum Na level of <135 mEq/L. Among patients with an initial serum Na level <135 mEq/L, 60.0% achieved a normal level after 1 week, and the survival rate was significantly higher in patients with a normalized serum Na level (p<0.01). The pretreatment brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level was predictive of achieving a serum Na level of ?135 mEq/L (odds ratio: 0.87, 95% confidence interval: 0.316-0.987, p<0.05). Conclusion Normalization of the Na level after one week was associated with a favorable outcome of tolvaptan therapy, and Na correction improved the prognosis.
|
['Aged', 'Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists', 'Ascites', 'Benzazepines', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyponatremia', 'Japan', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sodium', 'Tolvaptan', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 28,943,585
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.519.174', 'D27.505.696.560.311'], ['C23.550.081'], ['D03.633.100.079'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.950.620'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['C06.552.630', 'C23.550.355.412'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['D03.633.100.079.875'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
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Cocaine experience controls bidirectional synaptic plasticity in the nucleus accumbens.
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Plasticity of glutamatergic synapses is a fundamental mechanism through which experience changes neural function to impact future behavior. In animal models of addiction, glutamatergic signaling in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) exerts powerful control over drug-seeking behavior. However, little is known about whether, how or when experience with drugs may trigger synaptic plasticity in this key nucleus. Using whole-cell synaptic physiology in NAc brain slices, we demonstrate that a progression of bidirectional changes in glutamatergic synaptic strength occurs after repeated in vivo exposure to cocaine. During a protracted drug-free period, NAc neurons from cocaine-experienced mice develop a robust potentiation of AMPAR-mediated synaptic transmission. However, a single re-exposure to cocaine during extended withdrawal becomes a potent stimulus for synaptic depression, abruptly reversing the initial potentiation. These enduring modifications in AMPAR-mediated responses and plasticity may provide a neural substrate for disrupted processing of drug-related stimuli in drug-experienced individuals.
|
['Animals', 'Cocaine', 'Cocaine-Related Disorders', 'Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Motor Activity', 'Nerve Net', 'Neuronal Plasticity', 'Nucleus Accumbens', 'Synapses']
| 17,652,583
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.145.074.722.388', 'D03.132.889.354', 'D03.605.084.500.722.388', 'D03.605.869.388'], ['C25.775.300', 'F03.900.300'], ['G04.580.887.249', 'G07.265.675.887.249', 'G07.265.880.750.199', 'G11.561.570.918.249', 'G11.561.830.750.199'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['A08.511'], ['G11.561.638'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487.775.500'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Complementary RNA species isolated from vesicular stomatitis (HR strain) defective virions.
|
The wild-type strain of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) contains in its complete virion (VSV-1, B particles) a minus strand RNA. The principle defective particle of the wild-type strain (VSV-111, T particles) contains a shorter minus strand, homologous to part of the VSV-1 genome. Neither virion contains any detectable complementary (plus) strand RNA. In contrast, a preparation of a heat-resistant (HR) strain of VSV containing defective virions was found to contain both plus (21%) and minus strand RNA, present in several distinct size classes. It was found that the RNA in the HR virion preparation was at least 94% single-stranded and principally (96%) in ribonucleoprotein complexes. On extraction the plus and minus strand RNA species partially annealed to give a population of double- and multistranded RNA species. A small amount of RNA polymerase activity was associated with the HR defective virus preparation.
|
['Adenosine', 'Animals', 'Cell Line', 'Centrifugation, Density Gradient', 'Cricetinae', 'Cytidine', 'DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases', 'Defective Viruses', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Kidney', 'Nucleoproteins', 'Phosphorus Isotopes', 'RNA, Viral', 'Ribonucleases', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Tritium', 'Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus', 'Viral Proteins']
| 4,351,460
|
[['D03.633.100.759.590.138', 'D13.570.583.138', 'D13.570.800.096'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210'], ['E05.181.724.336', 'E05.196.941.336'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['D03.383.742.680.245', 'D13.570.685.245', 'D13.570.800.286'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.735.270'], ['B04.265'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['A05.810.453'], ['D12.776.664'], ['D01.268.666.500', 'D01.496.669'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['D08.811.277.352.700'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['D01.268.406.875', 'D01.362.340.875', 'D01.496.749.925'], ['B04.820.480.937.750.900.900'], ['D12.776.964']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Treatment of rats infected with Clonorchis sinensis using clinical administration regimens of tribendimidine, praziquantel and artesunate].
|
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy in treatment of Clonorchis sinensis-infected rats using the administration regimens of tribendimidine, artesunate and praziquantel applied in clinical treatment of clonorchiasis.METHODS: The doses of tribendimidine, artesunate and praziquantel used in clinical treatment of clonorchiasis were converted to the doses used in rats by the method of equal effective dose conversion among different animals, while the administration regimens of the drugs were designed basing on the regimens used in clinical trials. Thus, the following dose schedules were set up, i.e., tribendimidine 16 or 32 mg/(kg x d) x 1, 2 or 3 d (bid), 8 or 16 mg/(kg x d) x 3 d; artesunate 12 mg/(kg x d) x 3 d (tid) and 16 mg/(kg x d) x 3 d (bid); praziquantel 143 mg/(kg x d) x 2 or 3 d (tid), 143 mg/(kg x d) x 2 or 3 d (bid), 47.7 or 71.5 mg/(kg x d) x 3 d. 151 rats were divided into 2 batches and each rat was infected orally with 50 metacercariae of C. sinensis. In the first batch of test, 79 rats were divided into 13 groups of 5-6 rats 5 weeks post-infection. Among them 6 groups were treated orally only with tribendimidine, artesunate or praziquantel, while other 7 groups were treated with tribendimidine combined with artesunate or praziquantel, or praziquantel combined with artesunate. The remaining 8 untreated rats served as control. In the second batch of test, 72 rats were divided into 13 groups of 5 rats. Among them, 7 and 6 groups were treated with tribendimidine and praziquantel, respectively, 6 weeks post-infection. The remaining 8 untreated rats served as control. Rats were sacrificed 14 days post-treatment, worms were recovered from the bile duct and the liver tissue. The mean worm reduction rate was calculated and compared among the groups by non-parametric method (Mann-Whitney test).RESULTS: In the first batch of test, the mean worm burdens in rats infected with C. sinensis and treated orally with tribendimidine 16 or 32 mg/(kg x d) x 3 d (bid), praziquantel 143 mg/(kg x d) x 3 d (tid), or 143 mg/(kg x d) x 3 d (bid) were significantly lower than that of the control (P < 0.01) with mean worm burden reductions of 94.2%-96.0%. No efficacy was seen when infected rats were treated orally with artesunate 12 mg/(kg x d) x 3 d (tid). But in those treated with artesunate 16 mg/(kg x d) x 3 d (bid), the mean worm burden was significantly lower than that of the control (P < 0.05) with a mean worm reduction of 57.2%. In combined treatment, the infected rats treated with tribendimidine 16 or 32 mg/(kg x d) x 3 d (bid) in combination with praziquantel 143 mg/(kg x d) x 3 d(bid) or artesunate 16 mg/(kg x d) x 3 d (bid), the difference of mean worm burden between each combined treatment group and control group was statistically significant (P < 0.01) with mean worm reductions of 94.2% -99.4% which revealed that the worm reduction rate in combined treatment group was similar to the corresponding group treated with tribendimidine or praziquantel alone, but significantly higher than that of the group treated with artesunate alone. In infected rats treated with praziquantel 143 mg/(kg x d) x 3 d (tid) plus artesunate 12 mg/(kg x d) x 3 d (tid) or praziquantel 143 mg/(kg x d) x 3 d (bid) plus artesunate 16 mg/(kg x d) x 3 d (bid), the mean worm burden reductions were 93.6% -100%. In the second batch of test, the efficacy of tribendimidine obtained from infected rats treated with the drug 16 or 32 mg/(kg x d) x 2 d (bid) and 3 d (bid), the difference of mean worm burdens between them was not statistically significant with mean worm reductions of 86.5%-95.1%. When rats were treated with tribendimidine 32 mg/(kg x d) x 1 d (bid), the mean worm reduction was 73.0%, while the dose of the drug was given to the rats at 8 or 16 mg/kg daily for 3 days the mean worm reduction rates were 88.3%-92.6%. Treatment of praziquantel 143 mg/(kg x d) x 3 d (tid) resulted in a worm reduction of 96.9%, if the treatment course reduced to 2 d, the rate was 63.2%. Similar results were obtained in rats treated with praziquantel 143 mg/(kg x d) x 2 d (bid) and 3 d (bid). Finally, administration of praziquantel at a daily dose of 47.7 or 71.5 mg/kg for 3 d exhibited no effect against C. sinensis.CONCLUSION: When the dose schedules of tribendimidine, artesunate and praziquantel used in humans are converted to the doses for use in rats, tribendimidine and praziquantel exhibit satisfactory effect against C. sinensis, but artesunate shows no or less effect; the treatment course of tribendimidine can be reduced from 3 d to 2 d. Since tribendimidine and praziquantel used alone have endorsed high efficacy against C. sinensis in rats, combinations among the 3 drugs do not show better effect.
|
['Animals', 'Anthelmintics', 'Artemisinins', 'Artesunate', 'Clonorchiasis', 'Clonorchis sinensis', 'Male', 'Phenylenediamines', 'Praziquantel', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley']
| 20,806,495
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.250.075'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.212', 'D01.339.431.374.212', 'D01.650.550.750.200', 'D02.389.338.055', 'D02.455.849.765.211'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.212.500', 'D01.339.431.374.212.500', 'D01.650.550.750.200.500', 'D02.389.338.055.500', 'D02.455.849.765.211.500'], ['C01.610.335.865.148'], ['B01.050.500.500.736.715.520.210'], ['D02.092.146.651', 'D02.092.782.258.651'], ['D03.633.100.531.690'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Impact of lead exposure on pituitary-thyroid axis in humans.
|
Thyroid function tests (serum levels of thyroxine-T4, triiodothyronine-T3 and thyroid stimulating hormone-TSH) were performed in fifty-eight men (mean age: 31.7 +/- 10.6 years; mean duration of lead exposure: 156.9 +/- 122.7 months). These subjects were exposed to lead either as petrol pump workers or automobile mechanics. The mean whole blood lead (Pb-B) levels were 2.49 +/- 0.45 micromole/l (51.90 +/- 9.40 microg/dl) in the lead exposed workers and were approximately 5 times higher than in the control (n = 35) subjects. No significant alteration was seen in their mean T3 and T4 levels as compared with the controls. Interestingly, T3 was significantly lower with the longer (210 months) exposure time in comparison with the group having shorter (29 months) exposure duration. The mean TSH levels were significantly (p < 0.01) higher in workers exposed in comparison with the control group. This rise in TSH was independent of exposure time, but it was definitely associated with the Pb-B levels. The increase being more pronounced with mean Pb-B levels of 2.66 +/- 0.2 micromole/l (55.4 +/- 4.25 microg/dl) when compared with the group having mean levels of 1.51 +/- 0.30 micromole/l (31.5 +/- 6.20 microg/dl). The rise is TSH associated with Pb-B levels was only statistical valid, however, the levels fall within the normal laboratory range. We thus conclude that the Pb-B levels of > or = 2.4 micromole/l (50 microg/dl) could enhance the pituitary release of TSH without having any significant alterations in the circulating levels of T3 and T4.
|
['Adult', 'Humans', 'Lead', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pituitary Gland', 'Thyroid Gland', 'Thyroid Hormones', 'Thyrotropin']
| 11,016,408
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.556.435', 'D01.552.544.435'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A06.300.747', 'A06.688.357.750', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.500', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.500', 'A08.713.357.750'], ['A06.300.900'], ['D06.472.931'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.883', 'D12.644.548.691.525.883']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Within-population spatial genetic structure, neighbourhood size and clonal subrange in the seagrass Cymodocea nodosa.
|
Abstract The extent of clonality within populations strongly influences their spatial genetic structure (SGS), yet this is hardly ever thoroughly analysed. We employed spatial autocorrelation analysis to study effects of sexual and clonal reproduction on dispersal of the dioecious seagrass Cymodocea nodosa. Analyses were performed both at genet level (i.e. excluding clonal repeats) and at ramet level. Clonal structure was characterized by the clonal subrange, a spatial measure of the linear limits where clonality still affects SGS. We show that the clonal subrange is equivalent to the distance where the probability of clonal identity approaches zero. This combined approach was applied to two meadows with different levels of disturbance, Cadiz (stable) and Alfacs (disturbed). Genotypic richness, the proportion of the sample representing distinct genotypes, was moderate (0.38 Cadiz, 0.46 Alfacs) mostly due to dominance of a few clones. Expected heterozygosities were comparable to those found in other clonal plants. SGS analyses at the genet level revealed extremely restricted gene dispersal in Cadiz (Sp = 0.052, a statistic reflecting the decrease of pairwise kinship with distance), the strongest SGS found for seagrass species, comparable only to values for selfing herbaceous land plants. At Cadiz the clonal subrange extended across shorter distances (20-25 m) than in Alfacs (30-35 m). Comparisons of sexual and vegetative components of gene dispersal suggest that, as a dispersal vector within meadows, clonal spread is at least as important as sexual reproduction. The restricted dispersal and SGS pattern in both meadows indicates that the species follows a repeated seedling recruitment strategy.
|
['Demography', 'Genetics, Population', 'Genotype', 'Heterozygote', 'Magnoliopsida', 'Microsatellite Repeats', 'Reproduction', 'Seawater', 'Spain']
| 16,029,469
|
[['I01.240', 'N01.224', 'N06.850.505.400'], ['H01.158.273.343.335'], ['G05.380'], ['G05.380.383'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.340.024.850.500'], ['G08.686.784'], ['G16.500.275.725.500'], ['Z01.542.846']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Prosopagnosia as the Presenting Symptom of Whipple Disease.
|
Whipple disease is a rare, chronic multisystem infectious disease. The central nervous system (CNS) is secondarily involved in 43% of patients; 5% of patients have isolated or primary CNS involvement. The most frequent CNS symptoms are cognitive changes. Prosopagnosia is an inability to recognize familiar faces, in a person who does not have vision impairments or cognitive alterations. This relatively rare condition is usually related to vascular, traumatic, degenerative, or infectious lesions. We report a 54-year-old woman who presented subacutely with fever, headache, and seizures that led to a diagnosis of infectious meningoencephalitis. She improved temporarily on broad-spectrum antibiotics, but then developed a chronically evolving cognitive impairment with associative prosopagnosia as the major complaint. She had a history of sporadic abdominal pain and mild sacroiliac arthralgia. After a negative duodenal biopsy, we confirmed primary CNS Whipple disease by polymerase chain reaction and brain biopsy. We treated the patient with ceftriaxone for 15 days and then co-trimoxazole for 2 years. At 8-year follow-up, she had no further impairments, but continuing prosopagnosia. To our knowledge, this is the first description of isolated prosopagnosia in a patient with primary CNS Whipple disease. Because CNS Whipple disease can lead to serious, irreversible lesions if not promptly treated, clinicians must suspect the diagnosis, treat with long-term antibiotics, and follow patients carefully to prevent recurrence.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Ceftriaxone', 'Cognition Disorders', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Prosopagnosia', 'Whipple Disease']
| 27,336,807
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D02.065.589.099.249.190.190.155', 'D02.886.665.074.190.190.155', 'D03.633.100.300.249.190.190.155'], ['F03.615.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.597.606.762.100.650', 'C23.888.592.604.764.100.650', 'F01.700.750.100.650'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.137.631', 'C06.405.469.637.925', 'C18.452.603.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Interferon gamma induced production of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase in cultured human synovial cells.
|
OBJECTIVE: Synovial membrane cells from inflamed joints share morphological and functional properties with malignant mesenchymal cells. Interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) has antitumor cell activity related to stimulation of 2,3 indoleamine dioxygenase (IDO), a widely distributed tryptophan catabolizing enzyme. Our objective was to measure synoviocyte IDO production to determine if the varied clinical and in vitro effects of IFN-gamma on nonmalignant immunocompetent cells might involve a similar mechanism.METHODS: Using an established radioenzymatic assay, we measured IDO activity in suspensions of freshly isolated cells obtained by enzymatic dispersion of human synovial membrane, and in fresh and longterm (> or = 2 months) cultures of these cells in response to varying concentrations of recombinant human interferons alpha 2a, beta ser, or gamma.RESULTS: In fresh and in > or = 2 month-old cultures, IFN-gamma strongly stimulated IDO activity, a corresponding fall in supernatant tryptophan levels, and an elevation in the supernatant concentration of kynurenine, tryptophan's principal metabolite, mRNA for IDO was likewise markedly increased in cells after 4 days' incubation with IFN-gamma. Staining studies indicated that the IDO producing cells in synovium were not typical macrophages. Interferon beta ser had weak IDO stimulatory activity that was in a few cases additive to that of IFN-gamma. In no case did interferon beta ser abrogate IFN-gamma induced IDO activity increases. Interferon alpha 2a also had weak stimulatory activity.CONCLUSIONS: IFN-gamma stimulates IDO production and tryptophan metabolism in cultured human synovial cells, and therefore may contribute to this cytokine's in vitro and clinical effects in arthritis and inflammation.
|
['Cells, Cultured', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Humans', 'Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase', 'Interferon beta-1a', 'Interferon beta-1b', 'Interferon-alpha', 'Interferon-beta', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Ions', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Staining and Labeling', 'Synovial Membrane', 'Time Factors', 'Tryptophan', 'Tryptophan Oxygenase', 'Zinc']
| 7,523,670
|
[['A11.251'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.682.690.416.333'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890.275.500', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890.275.500', 'D23.529.374.440.890.275.500'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890.275.750', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890.275.750', 'D23.529.374.440.890.275.750'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890.250', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890.250', 'D23.529.374.440.890.250'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890.275', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890.275', 'D23.529.374.440.890.275'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['D01.248.497'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670', 'E05.200.500.620.670', 'E05.200.750.600.670'], ['A02.835.583.443.800'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D12.125.072.050.850', 'D12.125.142.875'], ['D08.811.682.690.416.722'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Purification and Structural Identification of Polysaccharides from Bamboo Shoots (Dendrocalamus latiflorus).
|
Three kinds of polysaccharides, namely, BSP1A, BSP2A, and BSP3B, were isolated from raw bamboo shoot (Dendrocalamus latiflorus) after purification and classification by DEAE cellulose-52 (ion-exchange chromatography) and Sephadex G-50. The molecular weights of BSP1A, BSP2A, and BSP3B were 10.2, 17.0 and 20.0 kDa, respectively, which were measured through GPC (gel performance chromatography) methods. BSP1A contained arabinose, glucose, and galactose in a molar ratio of 1.0:40.6:8.7. BSP2A and BSP3B contained arabinose, xylose, glucose, and galactose in molar ratios of 6.6:1.0:5.2:10.4 and 8.5:1.0:5.1:11.1, respectively. The existence of the O-glycopeptide bond in BSP1A, BSP2A, and BSP3B was demonstrated by â-elimination reaction. FTIR spectra of the three polysaccharides showed that both BSP2A and BSP3B contained â-D-pyranose sugar rings. However, BSP1A exhibited both â-D-pyranose and á-D-pyranose sugar rings. Congo red test indicated that BSP1A and BSP2A displayed triple helix structures, but BSP3B did not. NMR spectroscopy revealed that BSP1A may exhibit a â-1,6-Glucan pyran type as the main link, and few 1,6-glycosidic galactose pyranose and arabinose bonds were connected; BSP2A mainly demonstrated ? 5)â-Ara(1 ? and ? 3)â-Gal(1 ? connection. Furthermore, BSP3B mainly presented ? 3)â-Glu(1 ? and ? 3)â-Gal(1 ? connection and may also contain few other glycosidic bonds.
|
['Arabinose', 'Carbohydrate Conformation', 'Chromatography, Gas', 'Chromatography, Gel', 'Chromatography, Ion Exchange', 'Galactose', 'Glucose', 'Molecular Weight', 'Plant Shoots', 'Poaceae', 'Polysaccharides', 'Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared']
| 26,184,163
|
[['D09.947.875.627.166'], ['G02.111.570.820.235'], ['E05.196.181.349'], ['E05.196.181.400.250'], ['E05.196.181.400.383'], ['D09.947.875.359.377'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['G02.494'], ['A18.024.875'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822'], ['D09.698'], ['E05.196.712.726.676.700', 'E05.196.867.826.676.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Survival after recurrence of Ewing's sarcoma family of tumors.
|
PURPOSE: The overall survival (OS) of patients with relapsed Ewing's sarcoma family of tumors (ESFT) is poor, and the relative benefit of high-dose therapy (HDT) is controversial.PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively identified 55 consecutive ESFT patients with adequate medical records for review, who were treated at Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center and who developed disease recurrence between January 1, 1985 and December 31, 2002.RESULTS: The median relapse-free interval (RFI) from diagnosis to first recurrence was 17 months (range, 5 to 90 months). Most recurrences were metastatic only (39 patients) or local and metastatic (10 patients). Twenty-seven patients (49%) achieved a partial or complete response to second-line treatment, with a median duration of response of 27 months (range, 5 to 119+ months). The 5-year OS rate for all relapsed patients was 23% (95% CI, 11% to 35%). By univariate analysis, improved OS was associated with response to second-line treatment versus no response (46% v 0%, respectively; P < .0001), RFI > or = 24 months versus less than 24 months (48% v 12%, respectively; P = .0001), and no metastases at initial diagnosis versus presence of metastases (31% v 12%, respectively; P = .05). Because all 13 patients who received HDT also had responsive relapse, we performed a multivariate analysis. Reduced risk of death was associated with response to second-line therapy (relative risk, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.40), RFI > or = 24 months (relative risk, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.13 to 0.66), and receiving HDT (relative risk, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.08 to 0.85).CONCLUSION: HDT as consolidation therapy for relapsed ESFT seems to be associated with improved OS, even after adjusting for RFI and response to second-line treatment.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Bone Neoplasms', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sarcoma, Ewing', 'Survival Rate']
| 15,781,881
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['C04.588.149', 'C05.116.231'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E02.186'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C04.557.450.565.575.650.800', 'C04.557.450.795.620.800'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Effect of processed blood volume, leukocyte count and concentration of CD34-positive cells in peripheral blood on efficiency of stem cell apheresis].
|
Despite many published studies no parameter could be identified yet to acceptably and individually predict collection results in stem cell apheresis. We analyzed leukocyte counts and processed blood volume, absolute and relative CD34+ cell counts, and overall collection efficiency in 120 patients with hematological and solid malignancies (354 leukaphereses using the Cobe Spectra cell separator, a median of 3 per patient, span 1-9). Stem cells were mobilized into peripheral blood by conventional chemotherapy followed by daily doses of G-CSF. CD34+ progenitor cell counts were monitored through multiparametric flow cytometry. Blood and collection flows varied in the range of 45-90 ml/min and 0.7-1.5 ml/min, respectively. CD34+ progenitor cells were enriched 38-fold in the apheresis product as compared to peripheral blood at a processed blood volume lower than one total blood volume. Efficiency continuously declined, on to a 25-fold concentration at a processed blood volume above the 3-fold total blood volume. Total collection efficiency, calculated from the absolute content of CD34+ progenitor cells in peripheral blood and apheresis concentrate (a parameter for progenitor cell mobilization during the apheresis), reached a plateau at a processed blood volume above the 3-fold total blood volume. However, variation among individual patients was high. The concentration rate of CD34+ cells at a leukocyte count below 5,000/microliter averaged 50 and declined continuously to 8 at leukocyte counts between 45,000 and 50,000/microliter. To summarize, in 70% of patients with leukocyte counts below 5,000/microliter and CD34+ progenitor cell counts above 10,000/ml, more than 1.5 x 10(6) progenitors per kg body weight could be collected in a single leukapheresis. According to the presented data, the variation in overall collection efficiency is mainly due to: 1) varying mobilization of progenitors during the apheresis procedures itself and 2) dependence on peripheral leukocyte counts.
|
['Antigens, CD34', 'Blood Component Removal', 'Blood Volume', 'Filgrastim', 'Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Humans', 'Leukocyte Count', 'Neoplasms', 'Quality Control', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 9,417,337
|
[['D23.050.301.264.035.134', 'D23.101.100.110.134'], ['E02.120'], ['G09.188.130', 'G09.330.380.092'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.240.350.500', 'D12.776.395.240.200.500', 'D12.776.467.374.410.240.350.500', 'D23.529.374.410.240.350.500'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.240.350', 'D12.776.395.240.200', 'D12.776.467.374.410.240.350', 'D23.529.374.410.240.350'], ['E02.095.410'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595', 'E05.200.625.107.595', 'E05.242.195.107.595', 'G04.140.107.595', 'G09.188.105.595'], ['C04'], ['J01.897.608'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
fMRI variability and the localization of languages in the bilingual brain.
|
The cerebral localization of multiple languages is a topic of active research. This study presents a method for assessing whether partial overlap of active voxels reflects differential language localization, or simply the variability known to occur with multiple runs of the same task in fMRI studies. Two groups of bilingual subjects (early and later learners of L2) performed word fluency and sentence generation tasks in both languages. The degree of separation for regions of activation did not exceed that associated with run-to-run variability for either task or either group. Early bilinguals, however, showed greater total numbers of active voxels than Late bilinguals for both tasks. This effect occurred despite a lack of a behavioral performance differences by the two groups.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Brain', 'Humans', 'Language', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Multilingualism', 'Speech', 'Statistics, Nonparametric']
| 12,824,764
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.209.399', 'L01.559'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['L01.559.423.452'], ['F01.145.209.908.677', 'G11.561.812', 'L01.559.423.676'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Amiloride inhibits 22Na uptake and [3H]QNB binding in rat submandibular cells.
|
Dispersed acini isolated by collagenase digestion of the rat submandibular gland were used to compare the effects of amiloride and furosemide on the uptake of the isotopic tracer 22Na and on the binding of [3H]quinuclidinyl benzylate ([3H]QNB). In mM concentrations, both inhibitors reduced 22Na uptake in resting cells 34 and 25-29%, respectively. Acetylcholine (1 microM) enhanced uptake 23% and this effect was reduced 45% by amiloride and 26% by furosemide. Amiloride inhibited the binding of [3H]QNB to crude membranes prepared from fresh submandibular glands in a dose-dependent fashion (IC50 = 8 x 10(-6) M). Furosemide (3 x 10(-8) to 10(-3) M) did not inhibit radioligand binding. Na influx into resting salivary acini thus appears to occur by both amiloride-sensitive and furosemide-sensitive transport systems. The similar inhibition by furosemide of unstimulated and stimulated uptake of 22Na suggests that acetylcholine does not significantly activate the cotransport system within the time frame (i.e., 2 min) of the experiments. Acetylcholine appears to activate an amiloride-sensitive Na/H antiport, but amiloride blocks cholinergic receptors and may thus affect Na transport by receptor blockade. Other actions of amiloride, such as its ability to penetrate into cells and to act as a weak base which alters intracellular pH, may also contribute to the inhibition of Na entry into salivary cells.
|
['Acetylcholine', 'Amiloride', 'Animals', 'Furosemide', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Membranes', 'Quinuclidines', 'Quinuclidinyl Benzilate', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Sodium', 'Sodium Radioisotopes', 'Submandibular Gland']
| 2,759,181
|
[['D02.092.211.111'], ['D03.383.679.149'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.065.884.725.300', 'D02.092.146.807.300', 'D02.886.590.700.725.300'], ['E05.481'], ['A10.615'], ['D03.605.687'], ['D02.241.223.601.238.306.740', 'D02.241.511.085.740', 'D03.605.687.800'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['D01.268.549.750.500.800', 'D01.268.557.650.500.800', 'D01.496.749.795', 'D01.496.807.800', 'D01.552.528.850.500.800', 'D01.552.547.725.500.800'], ['A03.556.500.760.812', 'A10.336.779.812', 'A14.549.760.812']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Single-center experience of unrelated living-donor renal transplantation in the cyclosporine era.
|
Renal transplantation from the unrelated living-donor might be an alternative when the cadaveric or related donor is not available, because graft and patient survival rates are superior to those of kidneys from cadaveric donors and even comparable to those from related donors. Among the many factors that might contribute to these excellent results, we believe that the good quality of kidneys (lacking preservation or ischemic injury) is the most important one. In addition, our criteria for patient selection requiring well-matched HLA typing might partially contribute to our success. For the successful renal transplantation program using unrelated-living donors, high ethical standards, accumulated experience from living-related donor transplantation, and dedicated professionalism are strongly recommended.
|
['ABO Blood-Group System', 'Academic Medical Centers', 'Adult', 'Cyclosporine', 'Graft Survival', 'HLA Antigens', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppression', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Korea', 'Middle Aged', 'Survival Rate', 'Tissue Donors']
| 1,306,703
|
[['D23.050.301.290.031', 'D23.050.705.230.031'], ['N02.278.020'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D04.345.566.235.300', 'D12.644.641.235.300'], ['G12.875.545.340'], ['D23.050.301.500.450', 'D23.050.705.552.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.465.425.450', 'E05.478.610'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['Z01.252.474.557', 'Z01.586.407'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['M01.898']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Platelet activation and aggregation during cardiopulmonary bypass.
|
Increases in plasma concentrations of platelet granule products such as platelet factor 4 and beta-thromboglobulin during cardiopulmonary bypass suggest that platelets are activated during extracorporeal circulation. Subsequent circulation of these activated platelets may be responsible for the ubiquitous platelet dysfunction associated with cardiopulmonary bypass. Using flow cytometry and a monoclonal antibody directed against an alpha-granule membrane protein, granule membrane protein 140 (GMP-140), which is expressed on the platelet surface membrane after activation, we directly measured the percentage of circulating activated platelets in 41 patients before, during, and after cardiopulmonary bypass. In addition, we compared the GMP-140 expression with platelet aggregation in response to adenosine diphosphate (ADP). Cardiopulmonary bypass produced a significant increase in the percentage of GMP-140-positive platelets persisting in the circulation; the percentage peaked at a mean of 29% (range 10-58%) before separation from extracorporeal circulation. A significant percentage of these activated platelets continued to circulate in the early postoperative period. Simultaneous measurement of platelet aggregation in response to ADP demonstrated an aggregation defect that had a time course distinct from platelet activation and whose magnitude did not correlate with the degree of platelet activation in individual patients. We conclude that cardiopulmonary bypass causes a complex constellation of platelet defects, which include alpha-granule release, prolonged circulation of activated, "spent" platelets, and impaired platelet aggregation.
|
['Adenosine Diphosphate', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antigens, CD', 'Aortic Valve', 'Cardiopulmonary Bypass', 'Chest Tubes', 'Coronary Artery Bypass', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Heart Valve Prosthesis', 'Humans', 'P-Selectin', 'Platelet Activation', 'Platelet Aggregation', 'Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Time Factors']
| 1,716,077
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.124', 'D13.695.667.138.124', 'D13.695.827.068.124'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['A07.541.510.110'], ['E04.292.413'], ['E07.858.150'], ['E04.100.376.719.332', 'E04.100.814.868.750', 'E04.928.220.520.220'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['E07.695.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.700.775', 'D12.776.395.550.625.905', 'D12.776.503.843.775', 'D12.776.543.550.200.700.775', 'D12.776.543.550.625.905', 'D23.050.301.350.700.775'], ['G09.188.390.600'], ['G09.188.370.687', 'G09.188.390.600.640'], ['D12.776.395.550.625', 'D12.776.543.550.625', 'D12.776.543.750.705.675'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Natural killer (NK) cell activity and NK cell subsets in workers with a tendency of burnout.
|
The involvement of cellular immunity in the burnout syndrome remains to be elucidated. We assessed three components of burnout of the Maslach Burnout Inventory: emotional exhaustion; depersonalization (DP); and personal accomplishment, as well as natural killer cell activity (NKCA) and NK cell subsets in 42 male workers. Workers with a higher DP score showed a lower NKCA and a lower proportionality of CD57+CD16+ to total lymphocytes. There were no differences in any of the health behaviors (e.g., smoking, alcohol, or obesity) between workers showing higher burnout and those showing lower burnout. A stepwise multiple regressions analysis demonstrated that NKCA was closely correlated with DP, independent of other variables, including a stress index. These results suggest that the relationship between reduced cellular immunity and DP is not due to traditional work stress or health behavioral problems. Further studies on DP as a psychosomatic disorder as well as an occupational health problem should be performed in the future.
|
['Adult', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antigens, CD', 'Burnout, Professional', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Health Behavior', 'Health Status Indicators', 'Humans', 'Immunity, Cellular', 'Killer Cells, Natural', 'Lymphocyte Subsets', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Workplace']
| 10,454,173
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['C24.580.500', 'F01.145.126.990.367.500', 'F02.830.900.333.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['F01.145.488'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.450.050.400'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.537', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.537', 'A15.382.490.555.567.537'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['N01.824.245.925', 'N04.452.677.975']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Direction-specific motion blindness induced by focal stimulation of human extrastriate cortex.
|
Motion blindness (MB) or akinetopsia is the selective disturbance of visual motion perception while other features of the visual scene such as colour and shape are normally perceived. Chronic and transient forms of MB are characterized by a global deficit of direction discrimination (pandirectional), which is generally assumed to result from damage to, or interference with, the motion complex MT+/V5. However, the most characteristic feature of primate MT-neurons is not their motion specificity, but their preference for one direction of motion (direction specificity). Here, we report that focal electrical stimulation in the human posterior temporal lobe selectively impaired the perception of motion in one direction while the perception of motion in other directions was completely normal (unidirectional MB). In addition, the direction of MB was found to depend on the brain area stimulated. It is argued that direction specificity for visual motion is not only represented at the single neuron level, but also in much larger cortical units.
|
['Adult', 'Blindness, Cortical', 'Brain Mapping', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Epilepsy', 'Female', 'Functional Laterality', 'Humans', 'Motion Perception', 'Orientation', 'Perceptual Disorders', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Temporal Lobe', 'Visual Cortex', 'Visual Fields', 'Visual Pathways']
| 12,099,910
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C10.597.751.941.162.250', 'C11.966.075.250', 'C23.888.592.763.941.162.250'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['E05.723.402'], ['C10.228.140.490'], ['F02.830.297.425', 'G11.561.225.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.593.932.567'], ['F01.058.577', 'F02.830.606'], ['C10.597.606.762', 'C23.888.592.604.764', 'F01.700.750'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.863'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.571.735', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.953'], ['F02.463.593.932.934', 'G14.950'], ['A08.612.220.860']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Epstein-Barr Virus Infection of Cell Lines Derived from Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphomas Alters MicroRNA Loading of the Ago2 Complex.
|
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive lymphoid tumor which is occasionally Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positive and is further subtyped as activated B-cell DLBCL (ABC-DLBCL) and germinal center B-cell DLBCL (GCB-DLBCL), which has implications for prognosis and treatment. We performed Ago2 RNA immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput RNA sequencing (Ago2-RIP-seq) to capture functionally active microRNAs (miRNAs) in EBV-negative ABC-DLBCL and GCB-DLBCL cell lines and their EBV-infected counterparts. In parallel, total miRNA profiles of these cells were determined to capture the cellular miRNA profile for comparison with the functionally active profile. Selected miRNAs with differential abundances were validated using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Northern blotting. We found 6 miRNAs with differential abundances (2 upregulated and 4 downregulated miRNAs) between EBV-negative and -positive ABC-DLBCL cells and 12 miRNAs with differential abundances (3 upregulated and 9 downregulated miRNAs) between EBV-negative and -positive GCB-DLBCL cells. Eight and twelve miRNAs were confirmed using RT-qPCR in ABC-DLBCL and GCB-DLBCL cells, respectively. Selected miRNAs were analyzed in additional type I/II versus type III EBV latency DLBCL cell lines. Furthermore, upregulation of miR-221-3p and downregulation of let7c-5p in ABC-DLBCL cells and upregulation of miR-363-3p and downregulation of miR-423-5p in GCB-DLBCL cells were verified using RIP-Northern blotting. Our comprehensive sequence analysis of the DLBCL miRNA profiles identified sets of deregulated miRNAs by Ago2-RIP-seq. Our Ago2-IP-seq miRNA profile could be considered an important data set for the detection of deregulated functionally active miRNAs in DLBCLs and could possibly lead to the identification of miRNAs as biomarkers for the classification of DLBCLs or even as targets for personalized targeted treatment.IMPORTANCE Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a highly aggressive tumor of lymphoid origin which is occasionally Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positive. MicroRNAs are found in most multicellular organisms and even in viruses such as EBV. They regulate the synthesis of proteins by binding to their cognate mRNA. MicroRNAs are tethered to their target mRNAs by "Argonaute" proteins. Here we compared the overall miRNA content of the Ago2 complex by differential loading to the overall content of miRNAs in two DLBCL cell lines and their EBV-converted counterparts. In all cell lines, the Ago2 load was different from the overall expression of miRNAs. In addition, the loading of the Ago2 complex was changed upon infection with EBV. This indicates that the virus not only changes the overall content of miRNAs but also influences the expression of proteins by affecting the Ago complexes.
|
['Argonaute Proteins', 'Epstein-Barr Virus Infections', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Herpesvirus 4, Human', 'High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing', 'Humans', 'Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse', 'MicroRNAs', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 30,429,351
|
[['D08.811.277.352.355.350.810.500', 'D08.811.277.352.700.350.810.500', 'D12.776.157.725.500.906.500', 'D12.776.664.962.500.906.500'], ['C01.925.256.466.313', 'C01.925.928.313'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B04.280.210.400.500.450', 'B04.280.382.400.500.400', 'B04.613.204.500.500.400'], ['E05.393.760.319'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.386.480.150.585', 'C15.604.515.569.480.150.585', 'C20.683.515.761.480.150.585'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Electronic imaging in neuroscience.
|
This unit is intended to aid the neuroscientist in understanding the basics of image detectors and selecting a suitable camera for various neuroscience research applications. A procedure is described for evaluating cameras in the laboratory.
|
['Electronics', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Neurosciences', 'Photography', 'Video Recording']
| 18,428,557
|
[['H01.671.293'], ['L01.224.308'], ['H01.158.610'], ['E01.370.350.600', 'E05.712'], ['L01.280.960']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Water-soluble red-emitting distyryl-borondipyrromethene (BODIPY) dyes for biolabeling.
|
A series of water-soluble red-emitting distyryl-borondipyrromethene (BODIPY) dyes were designed and synthesized by using three complementary approaches aimed at introducing water-solubilizing groups on opposite faces of the fluorescent core to reduce or completely suppress self-aggregation. An additional carboxylic acid functional group was introduced at the pseudo-meso position of the BODIPY scaffold for conjugation to amine-containing biomolecules/biopolymers. The optical properties of these dyes were evaluated under simulated physiological conditions (i.e., phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.5) or in pure water. The emission wavelength (ë(max)) of these labels was found in the 640-660 nm range with quantum yields from modest to unprecedentedly high values (4 to 38%). The bioconjugation of these distyryl-BODIPY dyes with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and the monoclonal antibody (mAb) 12A5 was successfully performed under mild aqueous conditions.
|
['Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Boron Compounds', 'Coloring Agents', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Molecular Structure', 'Serum Albumin, Bovine', 'Solubility', 'Styrenes', 'Water']
| 22,544,430
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D01.132', 'D02.203'], ['D27.720.233'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D12.776.034.841.540', 'D12.776.124.727.875'], ['G02.805'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.750'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The mitotic manipulation of cytotrophoblast differentiation in vitro.
|
The placental syncytiotrophoblast is of paramount importance in optimising feto-maternal interactions. Syncytiotrophoblast is generated by the differentiation and fusion of underlying cytotrophoblasts. This process is aberrant in complicated pregnancies. We hypothesized that cell cycle withdrawal determines the phenotypic decision-making of cytotrophoblasts. We therefore investigated the effects of broad-spectrum mitotic inhibitors on cytotrophoblast differentiation. Villous tissue was dissected from term placentae of normal pregnancies and cultured on Netwell supports. Over 48 h, the original syncytiotrophoblast was detached and underlying cytotrophoblasts exposed. The resulting villi were treated with mitotic blockers (Ara-C, colcemid, cyclohexamide, doxorubicin hydrochloride, hydroxyurea, L-Mimosine, purvalanol A). The media was recovered and analysed for lactacte dehydrogenase (LDH) and human chorionic gondadotrophin (hCG), markers of tissue viability and cytotrophoblast differentiation, respectively. The resulting tissue was processed for proliferative activity thorough Ki-67 immunorecognition. Colcemid, cyclohexamide, hydroxyurea, and purvalanol A showed significant cytotoxicity over 48 h incubation. Villous tissue exposed to 0.01 mM and 0.1mM Ara-C, doxorubicin hydrochloride and L-Mimosine showed no increase in liberated LDH. hCG production increased exponentially with cytotrophoblast differentiation. Higher concentrations of Ara-C and L-Mimosine significantly encouraged hCG production. In addition, total cell and cytotrophoblast proliferation were reduced with Ara-C and L-Mimosine treatment. The inhibition of DNA synthesis and replication with Ara-C and L-Mimosine suppressed active proliferation of villus components and exaggerated the biochemical differentiation of cytotrophoblasts. Cell cycle disruption is therefore a basic trigger for cytotrophoblast differentiation. This approach provides a mechanism for encouraging syncytiotrophoblast formation and may hold benefits for conditions where syncytiotrophoblast cover is attenuated.
|
['Cycloheximide', 'Cytarabine', 'DNA', 'DNA Replication', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Mimosine', 'Mitosis', 'Placenta', 'Pregnancy', 'Trophoblasts']
| 16,844,216
|
[['D03.383.621.808.240'], ['D03.383.742.680.245.453', 'D13.570.065.300', 'D13.570.685.245.453'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.383.725.791.550', 'D12.125.042.500'], ['G04.144.220.220.781', 'G05.113.220.781'], ['A16.710'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['A11.382.992', 'A16.254.500.766', 'A16.710.802']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A Physician's Recommendation for Human Papillomavirus Vaccination: What Makes African-American Mothers Compliant?
|
BACKGROUND: Improving human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among African-American (AA) female adolescents to reduce the cervical cancer burden is important and cost-effective. The study objective is to identify factors most influential to AA mothers' likelihood to comply with a physician's recommendation to get their daughters the HPV vaccine.METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional survey. Participants were recruited through online and community sites (ie, schools, community centers, etc.) in Alabama. A total of 280 AA mothers and their adolescent daughters completed the survey. A binary logistic regression was used to determine factors influencing mother's likelihood to adhere with a physician's recommendation to get their daughters the HPV vaccine.RESULTS: The most significant factors influencing mother's likelihood to comply with physician's recommendation were culture: future-time orientation (P = 0.001), perceived barriers of HPV vaccination (P = 0.007), perceived susceptibility to HPV (P = 0.047) and perceived benefits of HPV vaccination (P = 0.002). Further exploration of perceived barriers and perceived benefits found mother's perception that the HPV vaccine is a good way to protect my daughter's health as the only significant benefit. No measures of perceived barriers were significant.CONCLUSIONS: A physician's recommendation should advise AA mothers on the risk of HPV and the importance of HPV vaccination at an early age to reduce cervical cancer risk. It should further address mothers' perceived disadvantages of HPV vaccination (eg, side effects). Incorporating this information in physician recommendation practices could increase HPV vaccination rates with implications in reducing the cervical cancer burden among this high-risk population.
|
['African Americans', 'Alabama', 'Child', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Mothers', 'Papillomavirus Infections', 'Papillomavirus Vaccines', 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care', 'Physicians', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Uterine Cervical Neoplasms', 'Vaccination']
| 29,329,167
|
[['M01.686.508.100.100', 'M01.686.754.100'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.100', 'Z01.107.567.875.750.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.263.500.320.200', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340.270', 'M01.620.630'], ['C01.925.256.650', 'C01.925.928.725'], ['D20.215.894.899.498'], ['F01.100.150.750.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500'], ['M01.526.485.810', 'N02.360.810'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['C04.588.945.418.948.850', 'C13.351.500.852.593.131', 'C13.351.500.852.762.850', 'C13.351.937.418.875.850'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Exosome-transmitted long non-coding RNA PTENP1 suppresses bladder cancer progression.
|
BACKGROUND: Extracellular communication within the tumor microenvironment plays a critical role in tumor progression. Although exosomes can package into long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) to mediate extracellular communication, the role of exosomal lncRNA PTENP1 in bladder cancer (BC) remains unclear.METHOD: We detected PTENP1 expression between patients with BC and healthy controls; the expression occurred in tissues and exosomes from plasma. We assessed the diagnostic accuracy by the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and the area under curve (AUC). Cell phenotypes and animal experiments were performed to determine the effect of exosomal PTENP1.RESULTS: PTENP1 was significantly reduced in BC tissues and in exosomes from plasma of patients with BC (P < 0.05). We found that PTENP1 was mainly wrapped by exosomes. Exosomal PTENP1 could distinguish patients with BC from healthy controls (AUC = 0.743; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.645-0.840). Normal cells secreted exosomal PTENP1 and transmitted it to BC cells, thus inhibiting the biological malignant behavior of BC cells by increasing cell apoptosis and reducing the ability to invade and migrate (P < 0.05). Exosomal PTENP1 could suppress tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, exosomal PTENP1 mediated the expression of PTEN by competitively binding to microRNA-17.CONCLUSION: Exosomal PTENP1 is a promising novel biomarker that can be used for the clinical detection of BC. Exosomes derived from normal cells transfer PTENP1 to BC cells, which reduce the progression of BC both in vitro and in vivo and suggest that exosomal PTENP1 participates in normal-cell-to-bladder-cell communication during the carcinogenesis of BC.
|
['Aged', 'Animals', 'Biological Transport', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Disease Progression', 'Exosomes', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Heterografts', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mice', 'MicroRNAs', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Biological', 'Neoplasm Grading', 'PTEN Phosphohydrolase', 'RNA Stability', 'RNA, Long Noncoding', 'ROC Curve', 'Signal Transduction', 'Urinary Bladder Neoplasms']
| 30,285,771
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050'], ['G03.143'], ['D23.101.140'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['A11.284.295.588.750', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.880.495'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308.370'], ['A01.941.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E01.789.612'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.850', 'D12.776.476.590', 'D12.776.624.776.695'], ['G02.111.780'], ['D13.444.735.790.375'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['C04.588.945.947.960', 'C12.758.820.968', 'C12.777.829.813', 'C13.351.937.820.945', 'C13.351.968.829.707']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Function of the kallikrein-kinin and prostaglandin systems of the kidneys in patients with chronic pyelonephritis].
|
The activity of the kallikrein-kinin, prostaglandin and cyclase systems was assessed in 117 patients with chronic pyelonephritis with and without arterial hypertension. Pyelonephritis is shown to be associated with a dysfunction of the pressor-depressor mechanisms examined, featuring a depression of vasodepressor reactions. Patients with normal, increased and depressed humoral parameters could be found in each study group, the changes being particularly marked in patients with chronic pyelonephritis, combined with arterial hypertension.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Chronic Disease', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Kallikreins', 'Kidney', 'Kinins', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prostaglandins', 'Pyelonephritis']
| 2,718,290
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.442', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.442', 'D12.776.124.125.597', 'D23.119.597'], ['A05.810.453'], ['D12.644.276.812', 'D12.776.467.812', 'D23.469.050.375', 'D23.529.812'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D10.251.355.255.550', 'D23.469.050.175.725'], ['C12.777.419.570.643.790', 'C12.777.419.570.821.717', 'C13.351.968.419.570.643.790', 'C13.351.968.419.570.821.717']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
RISA-HPLC analysis of lung bacterial colonizers of cystic fibrosis children.
|
Microbiological analysis of sputum samples, from children affected by cystic fibrosis (CF) and showing signs of acute or chronic infections, is routinely performed by culture-dependent approaches involving selective media and biochemical tests. These identification schemes are time-consuming, and may lead to false negative results. The aim of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of a Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis (RISA) coupled to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the detection and monitoring of CF lung microbial colonizers including Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the Burkholderia cepacia complex, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and Achromobacter xylosoxidans. These RISA-HPLC analyses were performed over a 10-months period on infants (below 18 months) and children that were or were not yet known to be colonised by P. aeruginosa. The RISA-HPLC profiles were found specific of the patients' microbial communities. A specific P. aeruginosa RISA-HPLC peak corresponding to 550 bp PCR products was recorded, and used to investigate P. aeruginosa persistence through time and after various therapeutic treatments. The RISA-HPLC profiles showed the CF children to be colonized by few bacterial species, and sometimes revealed peaks corresponding to bacterial species that were not detected by the selective plating approaches. Significant RISA-HPLC infra-specific variations were observed for most bacterial colonizers of CF lungs except P. aeruginosa. These species could yield as much as 5 distinct RISA-HPLC peaks, with some of these profiles being strain-specific. RISA-HPLC shows a great potential for revealing colonization by novel emerging pathogens, and for evaluating the efficacy of therapeutic treatments on the global bacterial community of CF lungs.
|
['Adolescent', 'Bacteria', 'Bacterial Typing Techniques', 'Child', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Cystic Fibrosis', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'DNA, Ribosomal Spacer', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sputum']
| 18,929,602
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['B03'], ['E01.370.225.875.150.125', 'E05.200.875.150.125'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['C06.689.202', 'C08.381.187', 'C16.320.190', 'C16.614.213'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['D13.444.308.324.230', 'D13.444.308.475.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['A04.411'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['A12.200.808']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
TRPA1-mediated accumulation of aminoglycosides in mouse cochlear outer hair cells.
|
Aminoglycoside ototoxicity involves the accumulation of antibiotic molecules in the inner ear hair cells and the subsequent degeneration of these cells. The exact route of entry of aminoglycosides into the hair cells in vivo is still unknown. Similar to other small organic cations, aminoglycosides could be brought into the cell by endocytosis or permeate through large non-selective cation channels, such as mechanotransduction channels or ATP-gated P2X channels. Here, we show that the aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamicin can enter mouse outer hair cells (OHCs) via TRPA1, non-selective cation channels activated by certain pungent compounds and by endogenous products of lipid peroxidation. Using conventional and perforated whole-cell patch clamp recordings, we found that application of TRPA1 agonists initiates inward current responses in wild-type OHCs, but not in OHCs of homozygous Trpa1 knockout mice. Similar responses consistent with the activation of non-selective cation channels were observed in heterologous cells transfected with mouse Trpa1. Upon brief activation with TRPA1 agonists, Trpa1-transfected cells become loaded with fluorescent gentamicin-Texas Red conjugate (GTTR). This uptake was not observed in mock-transfected or non-transfected cells. In mouse organ of Corti explants, TRPA1 activation resulted in the rapid entry of GTTR and another small cationic dye, FM1-43, in OHCs and some supporting cells, even when hair cell mechanotransduction was disrupted by pre-incubation in calcium-free solution. This TRPA1-mediated entry of GTTR and FM1-43 into OHCs was observed in wild-type but not in Trpa1 knockout mice and was not blocked by PPADS, a non-selective blocker of P2X channels. Notably, TRPA1 channels in mouse OHCs were activated by 4-hydroxynonenal, an endogenous molecule that is known to be generated during episodes of oxidative stress and accumulate in the cochlea after noise exposure. We concluded that TRPA1 channels may provide a novel pathway for the entry of aminoglycosides into OHCs.
|
['Aldehydes', 'Aminoglycosides', 'Animals', 'COS Cells', 'Cations', 'Chlorocebus aethiops', 'Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Genotype', 'Gentamicins', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Hair Cells, Auditory, Outer', 'Humans', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Organ Culture Techniques', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Patch-Clamp Techniques', 'Pyridinium Compounds', 'Quaternary Ammonium Compounds', 'TRPA1 Cation Channel', 'Transient Receptor Potential Channels', 'Xanthenes']
| 21,879,401
|
[['D02.047'], ['D09.408.051'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210.172.500', 'A11.329.228.220'], ['D01.248.497.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.126.110'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.325'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['G05.380'], ['D09.408.051.374'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['A08.675.650.250.315', 'A08.675.650.915.750.600.350.365', 'A08.800.950.750.600.350.365', 'A09.246.300.246.577.325.380', 'A11.671.650.250.315', 'A11.671.650.915.750.600.350.365'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['E05.481.500.484'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['E05.200.500.905', 'E05.242.800'], ['D03.383.725.762'], ['D01.625.062.500', 'D02.092.877', 'D02.675.276'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.901.250', 'D12.776.543.585.400.901.250'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.901', 'D12.776.543.585.400.901'], ['D03.633.300.953']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Tractotomy and partial vertical nucleotomy--for treatment of special forms of trigeminal neuralgia and cancer pain of face and neck.
|
The therapy of face and neck pain has often been elusive. We attempted to improve the condition of these patients and tried to influence 1. pain of trigeminal neuralgia, where other forms of therapy had failed, 2. pain due to tumours in the distribution of the Vth, IXth and Xth nerve, when all other methods had proved to be unsuccessful, 3. pain due to a traumatic lesion of the Vth nerve after severe injury of the face and 4. pain in the first division of the Vth nerve after herpes zoster infection, when other forms of therapy had failed. After tractotomy the subnucleus caudalis n.V. is partially destroyed. Aim of the partial vertical nucleotomy is the interruption between the first and second neuron of the Vth nerve conveying pain and thermal sensibility, but also of the IXth and Xth nerve, which end in the subnucleus caudalis n.V. as well. Tactile and some thermal sensibility in the face is so retained, and anesthesia dolorosa or keratitis neuroparalytica avoided. Medially of and vertically to the tractotomy a 4-6 mm long incision both cranially and caudally of the tractotomy was made. For the first division of the Vth nerve the nucleotomy is performed on the lateral end of the tractotomy incision. In the patients with cancer of the face and neck a rhizotomy C 1/2 was added. 7 of the 12 patients with trigeminal neuralgia and 3 of the 6 patients with tumors of the face and neck were pain-free. The rest also showed a marked improvement.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cranial Nerve Neoplasms', 'Facial Pain', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neck', 'Pain', 'Trigeminal Neuralgia']
| 3,478,977
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.614.300', 'C04.588.614.596.240', 'C10.292.225', 'C10.551.360', 'C10.551.775.250'], ['C23.888.592.612.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A01.598'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['C07.465.299.625.500.700', 'C10.292.319.625.700.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Sonographic detection of pneumoperitoneum in patients with acute abdomen.
|
We describe five patients who presented with an acute abdomen in whom pneumoperitoneum was first detected by sonography. All five subsequently were proved to have a perforated viscus. In all cases, the pneumoperitoneum was seen as an echogenic line with a posterior ring-down or reverberation artifact between the anterior abdominal wall and the anterior surface of the liver. The finding was shown best in the right upper quadrant with the patient in the left lateral decubitus position. The echoes caused by the pneumoperitoneum overlapped the echoes of the lung during inspiration, but the echoes were separate during expiration. The probable cause of pneumoperitoneum was determined with sonography in four of the five patients: three had perforation of duodenal ulcer and one had perforation of gastric cancer. The fifth patient had a perforated ileum, which was not evident on the sonogram. Our experience with these patients suggests that the detection of pneumoperitoneum on sonography in patients with an acute abdomen is an important sign of a perforated viscus.
|
['Abdomen, Acute', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intestinal Perforation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pneumoperitoneum', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Rupture, Spontaneous', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Stomach Rupture', 'Ultrasonography']
| 2,104,691
|
[['C23.888.592.612.054.200', 'C23.888.821.030.249'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.405.469.557'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C06.844.670'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['C23.300.909'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['C06.405.748.824', 'C26.017.809', 'C26.761.684'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Treatment of malignant gliomas and brain metastases in adults with a combination of adriamycin, VM 26, and CCNU. Results of a phase II trail.
|
Forty-three patients with inoperable or recurring malignant gliomas, and 30 patients with multiple recurring brain metastases were treated with a combination of Adriamycin (45 mg/m2) and 4-dimethyl-epipodophyllotoxin D-thenylidene (VM 26) (60 mg/m2 for 2 days) with 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) (60 mg/m2 for 2 days). These cycles of treatment were repeated as soon as the hematologic restoration was complete. The treatment was well tolerated and the clinical condition of 31 of 43 glioblastoma patients improved during the 2 months after the beginning of the treatment. Six of eight patients with breast cancer metastases, one of 13 with bronchial cancer matastases, and three of nine with other types of cancer metastases also benefitted from the treatment. Examination of the results obtained revealed the following characteristics: 1) This combination had a low degree of efficiency in the treatment of metastases to brain, except for breast cancer metastases; 2) there was no complete correlation between the clinical results observed and the cinegammagraphic developments; 3) the results obtained were similar, independent of the initial localization; and a 6-month median survival period was established, with 10 patients now in a state of apparently complete remission, 180 to 506 days after beginning of the treatment.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Doxorubicin', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Drug Tolerance', 'Female', 'Glioma', 'Hematologic Diseases', 'Humans', 'Intracranial Pressure', 'Lomustine', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nausea', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Nitrosourea Compounds', 'Podophyllotoxin', 'Teniposide', 'Vomiting']
| 1,033,028
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200.175', 'D04.615.562.050.200.175', 'D09.408.051.059.200.175'], ['E02.319.310'], ['G07.690.773.992'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380', 'C04.557.470.670.380', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380'], ['C15.378'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G11.561.170.505'], ['D02.065.950.594.440', 'D02.654.692.440'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.888.821.712'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['D02.065.950.594', 'D02.654.692'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.140.450.777', 'D02.455.426.559.847.638.960.675', 'D04.615.638.960.675'], ['D09.408.348.800'], ['C23.888.821.937']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Caveolin-1 Scaffolding Domain Peptides Alleviate Liver Fibrosis by Inhibiting TGF-â1/Smad Signaling in Mice.
|
Liver fibrosis is the common pathological process characterized by activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and overproduction of extracellular matrix (ECM). Caveolin-1 (Cav1), the principal component of caveolae, is regarded as an important inhibitor of multiple signaling molecules including transforming growth factor â1(TGF-â1) signaling. To evaluate the role of Cav1 in liver fibrosis, Cav1 deficient (Cav1?/?) and wild type (WT) mice were subjected to liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄). Results indicated no significant difference between Cav1?/? and WT mice in inflammation or collagen content before CCl₄ treatment. After CCl₄ administration, Cav1?/? mice showed enhanced TGF-â1 signaling, as reflected by a significantly greater amount of phosphorylation of Smad2 and collagen deposition in livers over WT animals. Qualitative and quantitative analysis indicated that inflammatory injury to the liver was markedly aggravated, accompanied by increased degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes, higher alanine aminotransferase (ALT)/aspartate aminotransferase (AST), TGF-á and IL-1â levels in Cav1?/? animals. The mRNA and protein levels of á-smooth muscle actin (á-SMA), Collagen á1(I), and Collagen á1(III) were further enhanced in Cav1?/? animals. We also observed a significant decrease in collagen content in Cav1?/? and WT animals administrated with Cav1 scaffolding domain peptides (CSD). In vitro study indicated that phosphorylation of Smad2 was inhibited after CSD treatment, accompanied by decreased protein levels of á-SMA, Collagen á1(I), and Collagen á1(III) in HSCs. We conclude that Cav1 is an important inhibitor of TGF-â1/Smad signaling in HSCs activation and collagen production, which might make it a promising target for therapy of liver fibrosis.
|
['Animals', 'Carbon Tetrachloride', 'Caveolin 1', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Collagen Type I', 'Down-Regulation', 'Hepatic Stellate Cells', 'Inflammation', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Peptides', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Domains', 'Signal Transduction', 'Smad Proteins', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta1']
| 29,891,777
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.455.526.439.150'], ['D12.644.360.024.264', 'D12.776.157.057.010', 'D12.776.476.024.280', 'D12.776.543.990.100.500', 'D12.776.744.287'], ['A11.251'], ['D05.750.078.280.300.100', 'D12.776.860.300.250.300.100'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['A11.561'], ['C23.550.470'], ['C06.552.630', 'C23.550.355.412'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['D12.644'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.750', 'G02.111.570.820.709.610.500'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.644.360.024.334', 'D12.776.157.057.170', 'D12.776.260.713', 'D12.776.476.024.428', 'D12.776.930.806'], ['D12.644.276.374.687.100', 'D12.644.276.954.775.100', 'D12.776.467.374.687.100', 'D12.776.467.942.775.100', 'D23.529.374.687.100', 'D23.529.942.775.100']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Administration of Bacillus subtilis strains in the rearing water enhances the water quality, growth performance, immune response, and resistance against Vibrio harveyi infection in juvenile white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei.
|
In this study, vegetative cell suspensions of two Bacillus subtilis strains, L10 and G1 in equal proportions, was administered at two different doses 10(5) (BM5) and 10(8) (BM8) CFU ml(-1) in the rearing water of shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) for eight weeks. Both probiotic groups showed a significant reduction of ammonia, nitrite and nitrate ions under in vitro and in vivo conditions. In comparison to untreated control group, final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), food conversion ratio (FCR) and digestive enzymatic activity were significantly greater in the BM5 and BM8 groups. Significant differences for survival were recorded in the BM8 group as compared to the control. Eight weeks after the start of experiment, shrimp were challenged with Vibrio harveyi. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in shrimp survival between probiotic and control groups. Cumulative mortality of the control group was 80%, whereas cumulative mortality of the shrimp that had been given probiotics was 36.7% with MB8 and 50% with MB5. Subsequently, real-time RT-PCR was employed to determine the mRNA levels of prophenoloxidase (proPO), peroxinectin (PE), lipopolysaccharide- and â-1,3-glucan- binding protein (LGBP) and serine protein (SP). The expression of all immune-related genes studied was only significantly up-regulated in the BM5 group compared to the BM8 and control groups. These results suggest that administration of B. subtilis strains in the rearing water confers beneficial effects for shrimp aquaculture, considering water quality, growth performance, digestive enzymatic activity, immune response and disease resistance.
|
['Animals', 'Bacillus subtilis', 'Catechol Oxidase', 'Enzyme Precursors', 'Penaeidae', 'Probiotics', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Random Allocation', 'Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms', 'Vibrio', 'Vibrio Infections', 'Water Quality']
| 24,161,773
|
[['B01.050'], ['B03.300.390.400.158.218.725', 'B03.353.500.100.218.725', 'B03.510.100.100.218.725', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.725', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.725'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.125'], ['D08.622', 'D12.776.811.243'], ['B01.050.500.131.365.190.660'], ['G07.203.300.456.500', 'J02.500.456.500'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['E05.393.620.500.706'], ['G06.320.676'], ['B03.440.450.900.859', 'B03.660.250.830.830'], ['C01.150.252.400.959'], ['N06.850.460.350.080.750', 'N06.850.460.790.730']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Relative affinity of 5-methoxypsoralen and 8-methoxypsoralen towards beta-cyclodextrin: a fluorescence, circular dichroism and chromatographic study.
|
The relative affinity of 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP) and 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) towards beta-cyclodextrin, a good model for the study of lipophilic interactions in biological systems and a potential drug carrier, has been investigated using spectroscopic and chromatographic methods. The fluorescence emission of 5-MOP in aqueous solution containing beta-cyclodextrin (10(-2) M) is found to be markedly blue shifted and enhanced by a factor of 6 whereas no significant changes are observed for 8-MOP. The existence of an induced circular dichroism is evidence for the formation of a 1:1 inclusion complex (association constant K = 400 +/- 50 M-1). Moreover, chromatographic results obtained with a beta-cyclodextrin linked stationary phase are consistent with our spectroscopic results and might have interesting analytical implications. These results clearly demonstrate that, in contrast to 8-MOP, 5-MOP exhibits a strong affinity for hydrophobic medium. Interesting pharmacological and analytical applications may result from the possible inclusion of psoralen derivatives into beta-cyclodextrin.
|
['5-Methoxypsoralen', 'Chemical Phenomena', 'Chemistry', 'Circular Dichroism', 'Cyclodextrins', 'Dextrins', 'Drug Carriers', 'Isomerism', 'Methoxsalen', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Spectrophotometry', 'Starch', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'beta-Cyclodextrins']
| 3,150,000
|
[['D03.383.663.283.446.794.688', 'D03.633.100.150.446.794.688', 'D03.633.300.770.688'], ['G02'], ['H01.181'], ['E05.196.867.151'], ['D04.345.103', 'D09.301.915.400.375', 'D09.698.365.855.400.375'], ['D05.750.078.562.855.375', 'D09.301.915.400', 'D09.698.365.855.400'], ['D26.255.260', 'E02.319.300.380'], ['G02.111.570.685', 'G02.607.445'], ['D03.383.663.283.446.794.500', 'D03.633.100.150.446.794.500', 'D03.633.300.770.500'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['E05.196.712.726', 'E05.196.867.826'], ['D05.750.078.562.855', 'D09.301.915', 'D09.698.365.855'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['D04.345.103.333', 'D09.301.915.400.375.333', 'D09.698.365.855.400.375.333']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Health international agreements: what are they? For what purpose?].
|
Health international agreements: what are they? for what purpose?. Under the auspices of the World Health Organization, the efforts made to strengthen public health at the world level are reflected in three international agreements. The commitment of Member States to contribute to the protection of the health of the world population is underlined in the International Health Regulation and in the Pandemic influenza preparedness Framework. The Framework Convention on tobacco control aims at protecting the population of each Member State from the major health risks linked to tobacco use.
|
['Global Health', 'Humans', 'International Cooperation', 'Public Health', 'Tobacco Industry', 'Tobacco Products', 'World Health Organization']
| 30,512,468
|
[['H02.403.371', 'N01.400.337'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.615.500'], ['H02.403.720', 'N01.400.550', 'N06.850'], ['J01.576.655.968'], ['J01.637.767.844'], ['N03.540.514.718.800']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Late onset Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.
|
We retrospectively reviewed all positive Pneumocystis carinii findings among adult patients who had received an allogeneic BM transplant at the Helsinki University Central Hospital between July 1990 and December 1993. The aim was to define the incidence of late onset Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in BMT patients who had routinely received PCP prophylaxis for 6 months post-BMT. In 110 BMT patients, 16 episodes of PCP were documented. Only one patient had been receiving PCP prophylaxis at the onset of PCP. Fourteen of the episodes occurred more than 6 months post-BMT. (median 10.5, range 4-42 months); three of them beyond 1 year. All three had extensive chronic GVHD. Of the 11 patients with an onset between 7-12 months post-BMT, all but one were on methylpredisolone because of chronic GVHD (n = 7) or cytopenia (n = 2) and five of them were in relapse of their hematological malignancy. No mortality from PCP was detected. The risk of developing PCP between 7-12 months post-BMT among patients at risk was 13.4%. We conclude that PCP prophylaxis should be continued until 1 year post-BMT in patients receiving corticosteroid treatment as well as in those with a hematological relapse. Long-term prophylaxis beyond 1 year should be considered in cases with extensive chronic GVHD.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Bone Marrow Transplantation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pneumonia, Pneumocystis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Transplantation, Homologous']
| 8,807,114
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E02.095.147.725.040', 'E04.936.580.040'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.150.703.534.700', 'C01.150.703.770.700', 'C01.748.435.700', 'C01.748.610.675', 'C08.381.472.700', 'C08.381.677.675', 'C08.730.435.700', 'C08.730.610.675'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E04.936.864']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Kinetic investigation of erucamide synthesis using fatty acid and urea.
|
Fatty acid amides like erucamide are mainly used for lubrication and as slip agent to decrease friction in polymer and plastic industry. Erucamide is normally synthesized by ammonolysis of triglycerides or fatty acids at 200 degrees C and at high pressure (345-690 kPa.). However using urea in place of ammonia the economic synthesis of erucamide is possible at atmospheric pressure at approx 190 degrees C. In present investigation, the kinetics of synthesis of erucamide by ammonolysis of erucic acid has been investigated. The optimum conditions for the synthesis of erucamide have also been determined. 1:4 molar ratio of erucic acid to urea, 190 degrees C temperature and catalyst [P2O5 with (NH4)2H PO4, {(1:1) w/w }] concentration 3% (by wt. of erucic acid) were the optimum condition for synthesis of erucamide from erucic acid and can obtain a maximum yield of 92% of pure erucamide. Some other catalysts as titanium-iso -propoxide, phosphorus pent oxide were also tried but these catalysts were not economical.
|
['Atmospheric Pressure', 'Erucic Acids', 'Fatty Acids', 'Kinetics', 'Models, Chemical', 'Phosphates', 'Phosphorus Compounds', 'Temperature', 'Urea']
| 18,685,229
|
[['G16.500.750.274', 'N06.230.300.100.185'], ['D10.251.355.325.300'], ['D10.251'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.599.495'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374', 'D01.248.497.158.730', 'D01.695.625.675.650'], ['D01.695'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['D02.065.950']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Determining temperature distribution in tissue in the focal plane of the high (>100 W/cm(2)) intensity focused ultrasound beam using phase shift of ultrasound echoes.
|
In therapeutic applications of High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) the guidance of the HIFU beam and especially its focal plane is of crucial importance. This guidance is needed to appropriately target the focal plane and hence the whole focal volume inside the tumor tissue prior to thermo-ablative treatment and beginning of tissue necrosis. This is currently done using Magnetic Resonance Imaging that is relatively expensive. In this study an ultrasound method, which calculates the variations of speed of sound in the locally heated tissue volume by analyzing the phase shifts of echo-signals received by an ultrasound scanner from this very volume is presented. To improve spatial resolution of B-mode imaging and minimize the uncertainty of temperature estimation the acoustic signals were transmitted and received by 8 MHz linear phased array employing Synthetic Transmit Aperture (STA) technique. Initially, the validity of the algorithm developed was verified experimentally in a tissue-mimicking phantom heated from 20.6 to 48.6 °C. Subsequently, the method was tested using a pork loin sample heated locally by a 2 MHz pulsed HIFU beam with focal intensity ISATA of 129 W/cm(2). The temperature calibration of 2D maps of changes in the sound velocity induced by heating was performed by comparison of the algorithm-determined changes in the sound velocity with the temperatures measured by thermocouples located in the heated tissue volume. The method developed enabled ultrasound temperature imaging of the heated tissue volume from the very inception of heating with the contrast-to-noise ratio of 3.5-12 dB in the temperature range 21-56 °C. Concurrently performed, conventional B-mode imaging revealed CNR close to zero dB until the temperature reached 50 °C causing necrosis. The data presented suggest that the proposed method could offer an alternative to MRI-guided temperature imaging for prediction of the location and extent of the thermal lesion prior to applying the final HIFU treatment.
|
['Animals', 'Body Temperature', 'Computer Simulation', 'High-Energy Shock Waves', 'High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Models, Biological', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Phantoms, Imaging', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Scattering, Radiation', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Swine', 'Thermography', 'Ultrasonography']
| 26,498,063
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.374', 'G07.110'], ['L01.224.160'], ['G01.750.770.776.891.500'], ['E02.565.280.945.399', 'E04.014.380'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['E05.481'], ['E05.599.395'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['E07.671'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.196.822', 'G01.867'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['E01.370.350.800', 'E05.933.500'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Characteristics of some psychrotrophic Bacillus cereus isolates.
|
Twelve strains of Bacillus cereus isolated from different food products and foodborne disease outbreaks, and able to grow at temperatures < 7 degrees C, were characterised. Generation times at 7 degrees C varied from 9.4 h up to 75 h. Lag phase of the vegetative cells at 7 degrees C was strongly influenced by the previous temperature history of the cells. Preincubation at 37 degrees C increased the duration of the lag phase drastically. The heat resistance at 90 degrees C (D90 degrees C-values in min) for spores produced at 30 degrees C varied from 2.2 to 9.2 min for 11 strains. One strain, however, showed a D90 degrees C-value of > 100 min. Germination of spores in milk was delayed compared to those grown in brain heart infusion broth (BHI). All strains showed production of the diarrheal type enterotoxin in BHI. Addition of 50 IU of nisin to skim milk resulted in a decrease of numbers for 9 of the 12 strains tested. At a nisin concentration of 250 IU, a decrease in bacterial numbers was observed for all strains tested.
|
['Animals', 'Bacillus cereus', 'Cold Temperature', 'Culture Media', 'Enterotoxins', 'Milk', 'Nisin', 'Species Specificity', 'Spores, Bacterial']
| 8,579,988
|
[['B01.050'], ['B03.300.390.400.158.218.252', 'B03.353.500.100.218.252', 'B03.510.100.100.218.252', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.252', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.252'], ['G01.906.595.272', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.300', 'G16.500.750.775.710.300', 'N06.230.300.100.725.154', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.300'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['D23.946.330'], ['A12.200.455', 'A12.790', 'G07.203.100.700', 'G07.203.300.350.525', 'J02.200.700', 'J02.500.350.525'], ['D04.345.566.582', 'D12.644.641.582', 'D12.776.097.151.700', 'D12.776.543.695.110.700'], ['G16.824'], ['A11.870.700', 'B05.775.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Electrokinetic and hydrodynamic injection: making the right choice for capillary electrophoresis.
|
CE is a powerful liquid-phase separation technique that is an attractive alternative to HPLC because of its small sample requirements, high resolving power and excellent mass detection limits. While there are many similarities between the two techniques, there are also many differences, some obvious, some subtle. One of the often overlooked differences is the way sample is injected. In HPLC, injection is a very minor component of the method and the choice is predominantly restricted to the choice of solvent and the injection volume. But in CE, it is vastly more complex, and development of an appropriate injection strategy should be given consideration during any method development. While the choice between hydrodynamic or electrokinetic injection may not initially be given any thought, selection of the right approach for the right application can lead to significant improvements in performance, particularly with regard to achieving the lowest detection limits possible. The question is how to decide the best way to inject for each application?
|
['Electrophoresis, Capillary', 'Hydrodynamics', 'Solvents']
| 21,083,060
|
[['E05.196.401.190', 'E05.301.300.190'], ['G01.342'], ['D27.720.844']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome: The Spectrum of MR Imaging Patterns.
|
AIM: The aim of this study was to describe lesion patterns, distribution, and evolution in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) in a larger single-center population.METHODS: Scans and follow-up, if available, of 50 patients with PRES between 2002 and 2011 were reviewed retrospectively. Lesion patterns, extent, and signal intensity changes were identified and graded on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and diffusion-weighted images. Hemorrhagic changes were identified on T2* or susceptibility-weighted images, and gadolinium enhancement on T1-weighted images was identified if available.RESULTS: The most frequently affected regions on FLAIR were the frontal lobes in 54 %, occipital lobes in 34.3 %, and parietal lobes in 31.0 % of cases, thus 65.3 % in the posterior regions. Temporal lobes were affected in 10.6 %, the cerebellum in 6.5 %, and basal ganglia in 1.6 %. Division into vascular supply showed involvement in the anterior circulation in 66.5 % and in the posterior circulation in 33.5 % of cases. On diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), vasogenic edema was observed in 6.9 %, cytotoxic edema in 9.1 %, and both in 2 % of cases. In 31.9 %, there was shine through, and in 15.9 %, there was shine through as well as cytotoxic or vasogenic edema. Topologic distribution on DWI showed affection of the frontal lobes in 43.5 %, occipital lobes in 25.8 %, parietal lobes in 17.7 %, temporal lobes in 11.3 %, and cerebellum in 1.6 %. T2* or susceptibility-weighted images showed spot-like hemosiderin accumulation in 17.2 % of cases. In 23.1 %, enhancement was seen. Follow-up magnetic resonance imaging showed complete resolution in 66.6 % of patients.CONCLUSION: The spectrum of imaging findings in PRES is wide. Almost always subcortical and cortical structures are involved. Although posterior changes are prominent in this syndrome, frontal involvement is more frequent than posterior on FLAIR imaging and DWI. On DWI, mixed patterns are not uncommon. Reversibility generally takes place independent of DWI pathology. Hypertension was not a prognostic factor.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Brain', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Contrast Media', 'Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Gadolinium', 'Humans', 'Image Enhancement', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Young Adult']
| 24,554,281
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A08.186.211'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['E01.370.350.825.500.150'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['D01.268.558.362.484', 'D01.552.550.399.484'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.228.140.631.500.500', 'C10.228.140.695.875'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Follistatin has a biphasic response but follicle-stimulating hormone is unchanged during an inflammatory episode in growing lambs.
|
The effects on plasma follistatin concentrations of an inflammatory episode, induced by the intrathoracic injection of yeast, were examined in growing lambs; this model results in acute loss of appetite, food intake and liveweight and the activation of the acute-phase pathway for several weeks as adjudged by the production of haptoglobin and other acute-phase proteins. In these animals (n = 8) there was a biphasic response in follistatin concentrations, with an initial 200% increase (P < 0.001) in follistatin within 24 h of injection of yeast. Thereafter, follistatin concentrations were depressed to 70% of pretreatment levels 48 h after injection (P < 0.01), followed by a gradual recovery of concentrations to pretreatment values. In another group of lambs (n = 16) that were feed-restricted to mimic the reduced food intakes and liveweight changes in the yeast-injected group, plasma follistatin was also reduced to around 70% of pretreatment levels (P < 0.01) within 1 day of the dietary regimen being implemented, followed by a gradual return to pretreatment values as food intakes were increased. Plasma follistatin correlated significantly (r = 0.57, P < 0.0001) with food intake, but not with liveweight changes. Plasma follistatin concentrations were unchanged in a third group fed ad libitum (n = 8), except during two periods when food intakes were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced, when follistatin concentrations also decreased (P < 0.01). Plasma follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) concentrations in the three groups of lambs were not significantly affected by the treatment regimes or changes in follistatin concentrations. These findings indicate that peripheral follistatin concentrations are modulated by both inflammatory and nutritional mechanisms, and that significant fluctuations in follistatin levels can occur without detectable perturbations in FSH secretion.
|
['Animals', 'Body Weight', 'Eating', 'Female', 'Follicle Stimulating Hormone', 'Follistatin', 'Glycoproteins', 'Inflammation', 'Models, Biological', 'Sheep', 'Sheep Diseases', 'Yeast, Dried']
| 9,496,236
|
[['B01.050'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['G07.203.650.283', 'G10.261.330'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.288', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.288', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.288'], ['D12.776.157.247'], ['D09.400.430', 'D12.776.395'], ['C23.550.470'], ['E05.599.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['C22.836'], ['G07.203.300.456.933', 'J02.500.456.933']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
First case report of inducible heart block in Lyme disease and an update of Lyme carditis.
|
BACKGROUND: Lyme disease (LD), is the most common vector-borne illness in the US and Europe, with predominantly cutaneous, articular, cardiac and neuro-psychiatric manifestations. LD affects all layers of the heart and every part of the conducting system. Carditis is a less common manifestation of LD. Heart block (HB) as the initial and sole manifestation of LD is rare. Inducible HB has never been reported in LD. We report a case of heart block (HB) inducible with exercise and reversible with rest.CASE PRESENTATION: A 37-year-old male presented to the emergency department after experiencing two episodes of syncope while at work. He presented, with a heart rate of 57 bpm, and the ECG showed sinus bradycardia with first degree AV block. The PR interval was 480 ms (NL 120-200 ms). Physical exam was unremarkable. The cardiologist's initial impression was vaso-vagal attack. He developed high degree AV block during a stress test for the initial work up, which resolved on cessation of exercise. A similar episode while walking in the hallway, resolved at rest. The high degree AV block appeared inducible with exercise and reversible with rest. His Lyme serology was strongly positive. He was treated with ceftriaxone and doxycycline. After completing treatment, the patient had a normal ECG and returned to work without limitations, doing manual labor.CONCLUSIONS: Manifestations of Lyme carditis (LC) vary from asymptomatic and symptomatic electrocardiographic changes and heart block (HB) reversible with treatment, to sudden death. HB as the sole and initial presentation of LC is rare. There have been no reports of inducible HB in LD. Here we present a case of inducible and reversible high degree HB in a case of LC and an update of literature. Exercise and stress testing should be avoided in suspected cases of LC until resolution of carditis. Lyme carditis should be suspected in individuals with cardiac manifestations in an endemic area, particularly in the younger patients with no other etiology evident.
|
['Adult', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bradycardia', 'Ceftriaxone', 'Death, Sudden', 'Doxycycline', 'Exercise', 'Exercise Test', 'Heart Block', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Lyme Disease', 'Male', 'Myocarditis']
| 31,096,922
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['C14.280.067.319', 'C23.550.073.300'], ['D02.065.589.099.249.190.190.155', 'D02.886.665.074.190.190.155', 'D03.633.100.300.249.190.190.155'], ['C23.550.260.322'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.900.200', 'D04.615.562.900.200'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['C14.280.067.558', 'C14.280.123.500', 'C23.550.073.425'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.150.252.400.536', 'C01.150.252.400.794.352.250', 'C01.920.930.513'], ['C14.280.238.625']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Effect of histamine on the action potential of the maxillary nerve in rabbits].
|
The significant enhancement of action potential as recorded from rabbit maxillary nerve with topically applied 1.0 mmol/L histamine on the nasal mucosa was completely blocked by pretreatment with diphenhydramine (H1 antagonist) but not with cimetidine (H2 antagonist). This fact gives new support to the concept that histamine exerts its pathological effect on nasal mucosa at least partly via an afferent nervous pathway of the trigeminal nerve.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Animals', 'Cimetidine', 'Diphenhydramine', 'Efferent Pathways', 'Histamine', 'Maxillary Nerve', 'Nasal Mucosa', 'Rabbits', 'Trigeminal Nerve']
| 2,076,340
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.078.370.200', 'D03.383.129.308.130'], ['D02.092.471.320', 'D02.455.426.559.389.115.250'], ['A08.612.380'], ['D02.092.211.215.501', 'D02.092.471.440', 'D03.383.129.308.373', 'D23.469.050.300'], ['A08.800.800.120.760.550'], ['A04.531.520', 'A04.760.600', 'A10.615.550.760.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['A08.800.800.120.760']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparative genetic organization of incompatibility group P degradative plasmids.
|
Plasmids that encode genes for the degradation of recalcitrant compounds are often examined only for characteristics of the degradative pathways and ignore regions that are necessary for plasmid replication, incompatibility, and conjugation. If these characteristics were known, then the mobility of the catabolic genes between species could be predicted and different catabolic pathways might be combined to alter substrate range. Two catabolic plasmids, pSS50 and pSS60, isolated from chlorobiphenyl-degrading strains and a 3-chlorobenzoate-degrading plasmid, pBR60, were compared with the previously described IncP group (Pseudomonas group P-1) plasmids pJP4 and R751. All three of the former plasmids were also members of the IncP group, although pBR60 is apparently more distantly related. DNA probes specific for known genetic loci were used to determine the order of homologous loci on the plasmids. In all of these plasmids the order is invariant, demonstrating the conservation of this "backbone" region. In addition, all five plasmids display at least some homology with the mercury resistance transposon, Tn501, which has been suggested to be characteristic of the beta subgroup of the IncP plasmids. Plasmids pSS50 and pSS60 have been mapped in detail, and repeat sequences that surround the suspected degradation genes are described.
|
['Alcaligenes', 'Blotting, Southern', 'Chromobacterium', 'DNA Replication', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Escherichia coli', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Hydrocarbons, Halogenated', 'Molecular Weight', 'Plasmids', 'Restriction Mapping']
| 2,254,257
|
[['B03.440.400.425.115.050', 'B03.660.075.090.344.050'], ['E05.196.401.114', 'E05.301.300.087', 'E05.601.150'], ['B03.440.450.360', 'B03.660.075.525.100'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['D02.455.526'], ['G02.494'], ['G05.360.600'], ['E05.393.183.620.650', 'E05.393.712']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Post transplant development of MICA and anti-HLA antibodies is associated with acute rejection episodes and renal allograft loss.
|
This study was undertaken with the primary aim of analyzing the clinical relevance of posttransplant appearance of anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and major histocompatibility (MHC) class I related chain A (MICA) antibodies in response to live related donor (LRD) renal transplantation. A total of 185 consecutive post renal transplant recipient serum samples were analyzed for the detection of anti-HLA by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) and MICA antibodies using Luminex techniques. Patients with IgG HLA class I antibodies had more acute rejection episodes compared to the negative group (67% vs. 20%, chi(2) = 7.95, p = 0.005) and also had poor graft survival (44% vs 86%, chi(2) = 6.67, p = 0.01). Similarly, patients with anti-HLA class II antibodies also had significantly lower graft survival and a higher number of rejection episodes as compared to the antibody negative group (p = 0.002 and p = 0.000, respectively). Following transplantation, 30 patients (16%) developed antibodies against any of the MICA alleles (MICA*001, MICA*002, MICA*004, MICA*008, or MIC*009). The graft survival was significantly compromised in these patients as compared to the negative group (60% vs 86%, chi(2) = 10.26, p = 0.001). Further, patients carrying both antibodies (MICA+/HLA+) were the worst affected and showed significantly poor graft survival as compared to the MICA-/HLA- group (17% vs 89%, chi(2) = 19.63, p = 0.000). Similarly, patients with only MICA antibodies or those with only HLA antibodies also had significantly lower graft survival and a higher number of acute rejection episodes (p = 0.035 and p = 0.001, respectively) as compared to the nonsensitized group. The study illustrates that posttransplant monitoring of antibodies to both MICA as well as HLA could be an important prognostic marker in renal transplant subjects.
|
['Alleles', 'Antibody Formation', 'Female', 'Graft Rejection', 'Graft Survival', 'HLA Antigens', 'HLA-D Antigens', 'Histocompatibility Antigens Class I', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Isoantibodies', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Male', 'Odds Ratio', 'Transplantation, Homologous']
| 17,462,503
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['G12.450.050.370.250'], ['G12.875.545.328'], ['G12.875.545.340'], ['D23.050.301.500.450', 'D23.050.705.552.450'], ['D12.776.395.550.509.400', 'D12.776.543.550.440.400', 'D23.050.301.500.400.400', 'D23.050.301.500.450.400', 'D23.050.705.552.410.400', 'D23.050.705.552.450.400'], ['D12.776.395.550.489', 'D12.776.543.550.439', 'D23.050.301.500.100', 'D23.050.705.552.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.664', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.664', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.664'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['E04.936.864']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Histopathology of cutaneous aphtha in Beh?et's syndrome].
|
The authors studied cutaneous biopsies of papulo-pustular lesions in Beh?et's syndrome. In biopsies taken early, superficial oedema of the dermis appeared to be the first histological sign, subsequently resulting in a true sub-epidermal bulla, containing neutrophil polynuclear and eosinophil leucocytes. At this stage no major vascular involvement was seen. In later specimens, by contrast, marked vascular changes were seen with the appearances of allergic angiitis. At this stage, there is frank epidermal necrosis with resultant ulceration.
|
['Adult', 'Behcet Syndrome', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Skin', 'Skin Ulcer']
| 1,015,796
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C07.465.075', 'C11.941.879.780.880.200', 'C14.907.940.100', 'C16.320.382.250', 'C17.800.827.368.250', 'C17.800.862.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A17.815'], ['C17.800.893']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Gluteus medius muscle function in people with and without low back pain: a systematic review.
|
INTRODUCTION: Globally, low back pain (LBP) is one of the greatest causes of disability. In people with LBP, dysfunction of muscles such as the gluteus medius have been demonstrated to increase spinal loading and reduce spinal stability. Differences in gluteus medius function have been reported in those with LBP compared to those without, although this has only been reported in individual studies. The aim of this systematic review was to determine if adults with a history, or current LBP, demonstrate differences in measures of gluteus medius function when compared to adults without LBP.METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE, AMED, PsycINFO, PubMED, Pro Quest Database, CINAHL and SPORTDiscus were searched from inception until December 2018 for published journal articles and conference abstracts. No language restrictions were applied. Only case-control studies with participants 18 years and over were included. Participants could have had any type and duration of LBP. Studies could have assessed gluteus medius function with any quantifiable clinical assessment or measurement tool, with the participant non-weight bearing or weight bearing, and during static or dynamic activity. Quality appraisal and data extraction were independently performed by two authors.RESULTS: The 24 included articles involved 1088 participants with LBP and 998 without LBP. The gluteus medius muscle in participants with LBP tended to demonstrate reduced strength and more trigger points compared to the gluteus medius muscle of those without LBP. The level of activity, fatigability, time to activate, time to peak activation, cross sectional area, and muscle thickness showed unclear results. Meta-analysis was not performed due to the heterogeneity of included studies.CONCLUSION: Clinically, the findings from this systematic review should be considered when assessing and managing patients with LBP. Future studies that clearly define the type and duration of LBP, and prospectively assess gluteus medius muscle function in those with and without LBP are needed.TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO ( CRD42017076773 ).
|
['Buttocks', 'Humans', 'Low Back Pain', 'Muscle Strength', 'Muscle, Skeletal']
| 31,638,962
|
[['A01.378.610.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.888.592.612.107.400'], ['E01.370.600.425', 'G11.427.560'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Feminization of the medical profession].
|
Although we can observe a real change in the participation of women in the medical profession, we must ask ourselves what feminisation means. Does it refer to the number of women, or to an eventual change in the content of the profession due to the fact that women are more oriented toward caring, empathy, relationships. The figures for Belgium show a real improvement in the presence of the women but not in the more prestigious specialisations like surgery or internal medicine.
|
['Belgium', 'Female', 'Health Workforce', 'Humans', 'Physicians, Women', 'Specialization']
| 10,389,461
|
[['Z01.542.115'], ['N02.350', 'N04.452.525.500', 'N05.300.420.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.526.485.810.820', 'M01.975.790', 'N02.360.810.820'], ['H02.811']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Periodic Membrane Potential and Ca2+
|
The immunological synapse (IS) is a specialized contact area formed between a T cell and an antigen presenting cell (APC). Besides molecules directly involved in antigen recognition such as the TCR/CD3 complex, ion channels important in the membrane potential and intracellular free Ca2+ concentration control of T cells are also recruited into the IS. These are the voltage-gated Kv1.3 and Ca2+-activated KCa3.1 K+ channels and the calcium release-activated Ca2+ channel (CRAC). However, the consequence of this recruitment on membrane potential and Ca2+ level control is not known. Here we demonstrate that the membrane potential (MP) of murine T cells conjugated with APCs in an IS shows characteristic oscillations. We found that depolarization of the membrane by current injection or by increased extracellular K+ concentration produced membrane potential oscillations (MPO) significantly more frequently in conjugated T cells than in lone T cells. Furthermore, oscillation of the free intracellular Ca2+ concentration could also be observed more frequently in cells forming an IS than in lone cells. We suggest that in the IS the special arrangement of channels and the constrained space between the interacting cells creates a favorable environment for these oscillations, which may enhance the signaling process leading to T cell activation.
|
['Animals', 'Antigen-Presenting Cells', 'Calcium', 'Calcium Release Activated Calcium Channels', 'Calcium Signaling', 'Cell Line', 'Immunological Synapses', 'Intermediate-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels', 'Kv1.3 Potassium Channel', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Mice', 'Potassium', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 32,106,594
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.066', 'A15.382.066'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.150.740', 'D12.776.543.550.450.150.740', 'D12.776.543.585.400.150.740'], ['G02.111.820.800.100', 'G03.143.500.100', 'G04.835.800.100'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.284.149.165.420.548', 'A15.382.370'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600.150.249', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750.150.249', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750.150.249'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600.900.500.217', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750.900.124.358', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750.900.624.217'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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