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Activity of two different silencer elements of the chicken lysozyme gene can be compensated by enhancer elements.
|
The chicken lysozyme gene is constitutively expressed in macrophages. Transfection of recombinant genes containing different portions of the lysozyme 5' upstream region revealed the existence of two negative transcriptional elements within 1 kb upstream of the start sites. Both elements placed upstream or downstream of a heterologous promoter-gene unit repress transcription independent of their orientation and are therefore called silencer elements, although their repressing activities 3' of the gene are reduced. One silencer (N-1.0 kb) at position -1 kb consists of the central region of the chicken middle repetitive sequence element CR1 and can be divided into two functional domains. N-1.0 kb is active in all cell types tested. The other silencer (N-0.25 kb) at position -0.25 kb shows reduced activity in primary macrophages. Despite their different specificities, the activity of both silencer elements can be influenced similarly. An inverse linear relationship between the transcriptional activity of the tested constructs and the potential inhibition by the silencer elements was found: weak transcription units can be strongly repressed, whereas strong transcription units can be only weakly repressed. Such a mechanism may help to turn off completely a particular gene in situations or tissues where strong positive regulators are inactive.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Chickens', 'Chromosome Deletion', 'Enhancer Elements, Genetic', 'Genes', 'Genes, Regulator', 'Macrophages', 'Muramidase', 'Mutation', 'Plasmids']
| 3,665,875
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['C23.550.210.050.500.500', 'G05.365.590.029.530.175', 'G05.365.590.175.050.500.500', 'G05.365.590.762.180', 'G05.558.800.180', 'G05.700.131.500.500'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.330', 'G05.360.080.689.330', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.249'], ['G05.360.340.024.340'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.425'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['D08.811.277.450.642'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.360.600']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
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Rupture and Release: A Role for Soluble Erythrocyte Content in the Pathology of Cerebral Malaria.
|
Cerebral malaria (CM) is the most severe form of malaria and causes high associated mortality. We propose a multistep process for CM pathology that is initiated by cytoadhesion of infected erythrocytes to the brain vasculature, followed by rupture and release of contents that complete the disruption of the blood-brain barrier.
|
['Blood-Brain Barrier', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Erythrocytes', 'Humans', 'Malaria, Cerebral', 'Malaria, Falciparum', 'Protein Binding']
| 28,709,836
|
[['A07.035', 'A08.186.211.035'], ['G04.022'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.207.205.300.500', 'C01.610.105.300.500', 'C01.610.752.530.620', 'C01.920.875.620', 'C10.228.228.205.300.500'], ['C01.610.752.530.650', 'C01.920.875.650'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
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Transition protein 1 from boar late spermatid nuclei having DNA-melting activity is a dimeric protein.
|
Polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic behavior of boar transition protein 1, TP1, under dissociating and non-dissociating buffer conditions, and titration of fluorescently labeled TP1 with increasing amounts of TP1 showed that TP1 formed a dimer without intermolecular disulfide bond. TP1 dimer with intermolecular disulfide bond had similar DNA-melting activity to TP1, but was not detected in extracts from boar late spermatid nuclei. These results suggest that TP1 dimer without intermolecular disulfide bond induces local destabilization of DNA in the late spermatid nuclei.
|
['Animals', 'Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone', 'DNA', 'DNA, Single-Stranded', 'Dimerization', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Fluoresceins', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Male', 'Maleimides', 'Nucleic Acid Denaturation', 'Protein Denaturation', 'Rats', 'Spermatids', 'Swine']
| 9,530,514
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.660.235', 'D12.776.664.235'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D13.444.308.497', 'G02.111.570.820.486.437', 'G05.360.580.437'], ['G02.206', 'G03.230'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['D02.455.426.779.347', 'D03.633.300.953.275', 'D04.711.347'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['D02.241.081.337.502.524', 'D02.478.440', 'D03.383.129.578.399'], ['E05.393.640', 'G02.111.603', 'G05.627'], ['G01.154.651.750.500', 'G02.111.688.750.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['A05.360.490.890.860', 'A11.497.760.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
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Pancreatoduodenectomy with portal vein resection for distal cholangiocarcinoma.
|
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the value of portal vein (PV) resection in distal cholangiocarcinoma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of PV resection in distal cholangiocarcinoma.METHODS: Patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) for distal cholangiocarcinoma between 2001 and 2010 at one of 31 hospitals in Japan were reviewed retrospectively with special attention to PV resection. Short- and long-term outcomes were evaluated.RESULTS: In the study interval, 453 consecutive patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma underwent PD, of whom 31 (6·8 per cent) had combined PV resection. The duration of surgery (510 versus 427 min; P = 0·005) and incidence of blood transfusion (48 versus 30·7 per cent; P = 0·042) were greater in patients who had PV resection than in those who did not. Postoperative morbidity and mortality were no different in the two groups. Several indices of tumour progression, including high T classification, lymphatic invasion, perineural invasion, pancreatic invasion and lymph node metastasis, were more common in patients who had PV resection. Consequently, the incidence of R1/2 resection was higher in this group (32 versus 11·8 per cent; P = 0·004). Survival among the 31 patients with PV resection was worse than that for the 422 patients without PV resection (15 versus 42·4 per cent at 5 years; P < 0·001). Multivariable analyses revealed that age, blood loss, histological grade, perineural invasion, pancreatic invasion, lymph node metastasis and surgical margin were independent risk factors for overall survival. PV resection was not an independent risk factor.CONCLUSION: PV invasion in distal cholangiocarcinoma is associated with locally advanced disease and several negative prognostic factors. Survival for patients who have PV resection is poor even after curative resection.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Bile Duct Neoplasms', 'Blood Loss, Surgical', 'Blood Transfusion', 'Cholangiocarcinoma', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Japan', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Male', 'Margins of Excision', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Operative Time', 'Pancreaticoduodenectomy', 'Portal Vein', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 28,782,798
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C04.588.274.120.250', 'C06.130.120.120', 'C06.130.320.120', 'C06.301.120.250'], ['C23.550.414.300', 'C23.550.505.300'], ['E02.095.135'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.450'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['A10.830', 'C23.149.625'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['E04.614.374.500', 'N02.421.585.753.374.500'], ['E04.210.760'], ['A07.015.908.670.567'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
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|
Biomechanical properties of suture anchor repair compared with transosseous sutures in patellar tendon ruptures: a cadaveric study.
|
BACKGROUND: Ruptures of the patellar tendon are debilitating injuries requiring surgical repair. Reliable data about the most appropriate suture technique and suture material are missing. The standard procedure consists of refixing the tendon with sutures in transpatellar tunnels, sometimes combined with augmentation.HYPOTHESIS: Suture anchors provide at least equal results concerning gap formation during cyclic loading and ultimate failure load compared with transosseous suture repair.STUDY DESIGN: Controlled laboratory study.METHODS: A total of 30 human cadaveric patellar tendons underwent tenotomy followed by repair with 5.5-mm titanium suture anchors, 5.5-mm resorbable hydroxyapatite suture anchors, or transpatellar suture tunnels with No. 2 Ultrabraid and the Krackow whipstitch technique. Biomechanical analysis included pretensioning the constructs at 20 N for 30 seconds and then cyclic loading of 250 cycles between 20 and 100 N at 1 Hz in a servohydraulic testing machine with measurement of elongation. After this, ultimate failure load and failure mode analysis was performed.RESULTS: Compared with transosseous sutures, tendon repairs with suture anchors yielded significantly less gap formation during cyclic loading (P < .05) and resisted significantly higher ultimate failure loads (P < .05). Common failure mode was pullout of the eyelet within the suture anchor in the hydroxyapatite anchor group and rupture of the suture in the titanium anchor group and-at lower load to failure-in the transosseous group.CONCLUSION: Patellar tendon repair with suture anchors yields significantly better biomechanical results than repair with the commonly applied transosseous sutures.CLINICAL RELEVANCE: These findings may be of relevance for future clinical treatment of patellar tendon ruptures. Randomized controlled clinical trials comparing suture anchors to transosseous suture repair are desirable.
|
['Aged', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Knee Injuries', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patellar Ligament', 'Suture Techniques']
| 23,982,397
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C26.558.554'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.513.514.475', 'A02.835.583.512.475', 'A02.880.438', 'A10.165.669.514.475'], ['E04.987.775']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
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|
Colour vision variation in leaf-nosed bats (Phyllostomidae): Links to cave roosting and dietary specialization.
|
Bats are a diverse radiation of mammals of enduring interest for understanding the evolution of sensory specialization. Colour vision variation among species has previously been linked to roosting preferences and echolocation form in the suborder Yinpterochiroptera, yet questions remain about the roles of diet and habitat in shaping bat visual ecology. We sequenced OPN1SW and OPN1LW opsin genes for 20 species of leaf-nosed bats (family Phyllostomidae; suborder Yangochiroptera) with diverse roosting and dietary ecologies, along with one vespertilionid species (Myotis lavali). OPN1LW genes appear intact for all species, and predicted spectral tuning of long-wavelength opsins varied among lineages. OPN1SW genes appear intact and under purifying selection for Myotis lavali and most phyllostomid bats, with two exceptions: (a) We found evidence of ancient OPN1SW pseudogenization in the vampire bat lineage, and loss-of-function mutations in all three species of extant vampire bats; (b) we additionally found a recent, independently derived OPN1SW pseudogene in Lonchophylla mordax, a cave-roosting species. These mutations in leaf-nosed bats are independent of the OPN1SW pseudogenization events previously reported in Yinpterochiropterans. Therefore, the evolution of monochromacy (complete colour blindness) has occurred in both suborders of bats and under various evolutionary drivers; we find independent support for the hypothesis that obligate cave roosting drives colour vision loss. We additionally suggest that haematophagous dietary specialization and corresponding selection on nonvisual senses led to loss of colour vision through evolutionary sensory trade-off. Our results underscore the evolutionary plasticity of opsins among nocturnal mammals.
|
['Animals', 'Brazil', 'Caves', 'Chiroptera', 'Color Vision', 'Diet', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Opsins', 'Phylogeny']
| 30,059,176
|
[['B01.050'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['G01.311.169', 'G16.500.275.067', 'N06.230.066'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.937'], ['F02.830.816.964.124', 'G11.561.790.964.124', 'G14.935.124'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['D12.776.306.466', 'D23.767.930.750'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
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Surgical treatment of patients with single and dual pathology: relevance of lesion and of hippocampal atrophy to seizure outcome.
|
Modern neuroimaging can disclose epileptogenic lesions in many patients with partial epilepsy and, at times, display the coexistence of hippocampal atrophy in addition to an extrahippocampal lesion (dual pathology). We studied the postoperative seizure outcome of 64 patients with lesional epilepsy (median follow-up, 30 months) and considered separately the surgical results in the 51 patients with a single lesion and in the 13 who had dual pathology. In patients with a single lesion, 85% were seizure free or significantly improved (Engel's class I-II) when the lesion was totally removed compared with only 40% when there was incomplete resection (p < 0.007). All three patients with dual pathology who had both the lesion and the atrophic hippocampus removed became seizure free. In contrast, only 2 of the 10 patients with dual pathology undergoing surgery aimed at the lesion or at the hippocampus alone became seizure free (p < 0.05), although 4 of them showed significant improvement (Engel's class II). We conclude that the outcome in patients with single epileptogenic lesions is usually dependent upon the completeness of lesion resection. In patients with dual pathology, surgery should, if possible, include resection of both the lesion and the atrophic hippocampus.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Atrophy', 'Child', 'Epilepsies, Partial', 'Female', 'Hippocampus', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 9,040,735
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.300.070'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C10.228.140.490.360'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cerebellar haemorrhage in a 12-year-old girl with giant dural sinus malformation.
|
Dural sinus malformation (DSM), a form of dural arteriovenous shunt (DAVS), is an extremely rare vascular anomaly seen less frequently than vein of Galen malformation. We report a case of DSM, detailing initial presentation and delayed complication of cerebellar haemorrhage due to venous stasis within the DSM leading to progressive thrombosis and venous outflow obstruction.
|
['Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations', 'Cerebral Angiography', 'Cerebral Hemorrhage', 'Child', 'Collateral Circulation', 'Cranial Sinuses', 'Dura Mater', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Angiography', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 22,329,414
|
[['C10.500.190', 'C14.240.850.875', 'C16.131.240.850.875', 'C16.131.666.190'], ['E01.370.350.578.937.180', 'E01.370.350.700.060.180', 'E01.370.350.700.560.180', 'E01.370.370.050.180', 'E01.370.376.537.750.180', 'E05.629.937.180'], ['C10.228.140.300.535.200', 'C14.907.253.573.200', 'C23.550.414.913.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['G09.330.100.248'], ['A07.015.908.224'], ['A08.186.566.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500.500', 'E01.370.370.050.500'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
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|
1Alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 prevents the decrease of bone mineral density in lactating beagles.
|
We assessed the change of bone mineral density (BMD) in lactating beagles with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and the preventive effect of 1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 (1alpha(OH)D3) on the BMD. Beagles, two to five years old, were used for detecting the time course change of BMD. Since the coefficient of variation (CV(%)) on detecting lumber vertebral (L2-L4) and tibial BMD by DXA was about 0.5%, DXA was useful to detect the change of BMD in beagles. There was a marked decrease in vertebral BMD during lactational period in the control group. The BMD levels after weaning were found to reverse to the initial level at mating. The same tendency was observed in tibial BMD as vertebral BMD, though the BMD changes were not marked. Beagles were administered at a dose of 0.1 microg/kg of 1alpha(OH)D3 three times in a week, and it was found to suppress the decrease in vertebral BMD during the breast feeding period. Also, the administration of 1alpha(OH)D3 promoted the prevention of decreased BMD during lactation both in vertebrae and tibiae. Significant effects of 1alpha(OH)D3 administration on tibial BMD were not observed. No adverse effects, such as hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria, were observed during the experimental period. Therefore, DXA was useful for detecting the changes of BMD in lactating beagles and the change of BMD was marked in lumber vertebrae, which are rich in trabecular bone. The preventive effect of 1alpha(OH)D3 on the decrease of BMD during the lactation period was observed in beagles.
|
['Absorptiometry, Photon', 'Acid Phosphatase', 'Alkaline Phosphatase', 'Animals', 'Bone Density', 'Bone Resorption', 'Calcium', 'Creatinine', 'Dogs', 'Female', 'Hydroxycholecalciferols', 'Isoenzymes', 'Lactation', 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'Pregnancy', 'Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase', 'Tibia']
| 10,676,894
|
[['E01.370.350.700.024', 'E05.196.712.224.187'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.025'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.035'], ['B01.050'], ['G11.427.100'], ['C05.116.264', 'G11.427.213.150'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.159.478', 'D04.210.500.247.808.146.478', 'D04.210.500.812.768.196.478', 'D10.570.938.146.478'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['G08.686.523', 'G08.686.702.500'], ['A02.835.232.834.519'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.025.500', 'D08.811.277.352.650.625.862'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.883']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Antiproliferative small-molecule inhibitors of transcription factor LSF reveal oncogene addiction to LSF in hepatocellular carcinoma.
|
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide. Despite the prevalence of HCC, there is no effective, systemic treatment. The transcription factor LSF is a promising protein target for chemotherapy; it is highly expressed in HCC patient samples and cell lines, and promotes oncogenesis in rodent xenograft models of HCC. Here, we identify small molecules that effectively inhibit LSF cellular activity. The lead compound, factor quinolinone inhibitor 1 (FQI1), inhibits LSF DNA-binding activity both in vitro, as determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assays, and in cells, as determined by ChIP. Consistent with such inhibition, FQI1 eliminates transcriptional stimulation of LSF-dependent reporter constructs. FQI1 also exhibits antiproliferative activity in multiple cell lines. In LSF-overexpressing cells, including HCC cells, cell death is rapidly induced; however, primary or immortalized hepatocytes are unaffected by treatment with FQI1. The highly concordant structure-activity relationship of a panel of 23 quinolinones strongly suggests that the growth inhibitory activity is due to a single biological target or family. Coupled with the striking agreement between the concentrations required for antiproliferative activity (GI(50)s) and for inhibition of LSF transactivation (IC(50)s), we conclude that LSF is the specific biological target of FQIs. Based on these in vitro results, we tested the efficacy of FQI1 in inhibiting HCC tumor growth in a mouse xenograft model. As a single agent, tumor growth was dramatically inhibited with no observable general tissue cytotoxicity. These findings support the further development of LSF inhibitors for cancer chemotherapy.
|
['Animals', 'Benzodioxoles', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Survival', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Genes, Reporter', 'Hepatocytes', 'Humans', 'Inhibitory Concentration 50', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Mice', 'Models, Chemical', 'NIH 3T3 Cells', 'Neoplasm Transplantation', 'Oncogenes', 'Quinolones', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Transcription Factors', 'Transcriptional Activation']
| 22,396,589
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.383.246.118', 'D03.633.100.115'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G04.346'], ['D12.776.260'], ['E01.370.225.500.388', 'E05.200.500.388', 'E05.242.417', 'E05.337.550.200'], ['G05.308.370'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['A11.436.348'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.940.350', 'G07.690.936.563'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E05.599.495'], ['A11.251.210.100.550', 'A11.329.228.100.550'], ['E05.624'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.500'], ['D03.633.100.810.835'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G05.308.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
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|
[Historical presence of invasive fish in the biosphere reserve sierra de Huautla, Mexico].
|
The effects of invasive species on native ecosystems are varied, and these have been linked to the disappearance or decline of native fauna, changes in community structure, modification of ecosystems and as vectors of new diseases and parasites. Besides, the development of trade in species for ornamental use has contributed significantly to the import and introduction of invasive fish in some important areas for biodiversity conservation in Mexico, but the presence of these species is poorly documented. In this study we analyzed the fish community in the Biosphere Reserve Sierra de Huautla by looking at diversity changes in the last 100 years. For this, we used databases of historical records and recent collections for five sites in the Amacuzac river, along the Biosphere Reserve area. We compared the values of similarity (Jaccard index) between five times series (1898-1901, 1945-1953, 1971-1980, 1994-1995 and 2008-2009), and we obtained values of similarity (Bray-Curtis) between the five sites analyzed. In our results we recognized a total of 19 species for the area, nine non-native and ten native, three of which were eliminated for the area. Similarity values between the early days and current records were very low (.27); the major changes in the composition of the fauna occurred in the past 20 years. The values of abundance, diversity and similarity among the sampling sites, indicate the dominance of non-native species. We discuss the role of the ornamental fish trade in the region as the leading cause of invasive introduction in the ecosystem and the possible negative effects that at least four non-native species have had on native fauna and the ecosystem (Oreochromis mossambicus, Amatitlania nigrofasciata, Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus and P pardalis). There is an urgent need of programs for registration, control and eradication of invasive species in the Sierra de Huautla Biosphere Reserve and biodiversity protection areas in Mexico.
|
['Animals', 'Biodiversity', 'Ecosystem', 'Fishes', 'Introduced Species', 'Mexico', 'Population Density', 'Population Dynamics', 'Principal Component Analysis', 'Seasons']
| 23,894,937
|
[['B01.050'], ['G16.500.275.157.049', 'N06.230.124.049'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['B01.050.150.900.493'], ['B01.050.050.580', 'G16.500.275.157.049.400', 'N06.230.124.049.400'], ['Z01.107.567.589'], ['N01.224.600', 'N06.850.505.400.600'], ['I01.240.600', 'N01.224.625', 'N06.850.505.400.700'], ['E05.318.740.562'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
The role of perceived benefits and barriers in colorectal cancer screening in intervention trials among African Americans.
|
The Health Belief Model (HBM) is widely used in health behavior interventions. The lack of diverse samples in the development of this theory warrants additional study on how it performs among minorities. While studies have utilized HBM to address colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, limited information exists confirming how these constructs influence screening. Data from three CRC screening trials were used to examine how perceived benefits/barriers perform among African Americans (AA) and whether they serve as mechanisms of the intervention effects on screening. The data were collected in AA churches (Study 1: N = 103; Study 2: N = 285; Study 3: N = 374) where lay members conducted CRC education to increase screening. Participants perceived benefits from colonoscopy (M = 2.4/3, SD = 0.87) and perceived few barriers (M = 0.63/8, SD = 1.1). Benefits were perceived for the fecal occult blood test (M = 11.4/15, SD = 2.1), and few barriers were reported (M = 11.7/30, SD = 3.4). Benefits more consistently predicted pre-intervention screening relative to barriers. For Study 3, individuals with fewer barriers reported a greater increase in colonoscopy screening at 12-months versus those with higher barriers (OR = 0.595, 95% CI = 0.368-0.964), P = 0.035). Benefits/barriers did not mediate the relationship. Potential measurement limitations, particularly for barriers, were uncovered and further research on how to assess factors preventing AA from screening is needed.
|
['African Americans', 'Aged', 'Colonoscopy', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Early Detection of Cancer', 'Faith-Based Organizations', 'Female', 'Health Education', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Occult Blood', 'United States']
| 29,757,376
|
[['M01.686.508.100.100', 'M01.686.754.100'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.372.250.250.200', 'E01.370.388.250.250.250.160', 'E04.210.240.250.160', 'E04.502.250.250.250.160'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['E01.390.500'], ['N03.540.297'], ['I02.233.332', 'N02.421.726.407'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.225.925', 'E05.200.925'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Optimization of a comprehensive two-dimensional normal-phase and reversed-phase liquid chromatography system.
|
The present investigation is based on the evaluation of the performance of a comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography (LCxLC) system during method optimization. The LCxLC set-up, operated in normal phase (NP) mode (adsorption) in the first dimension (1D) and reversed-phase (RP) mode in the second dimension (2D), is equipped with a 1D microbore silica column and a 2D monolithic C(18) column with a 10-port two position valve as the interface. A photodiode array detector is used after the 2D separation. A possible cause of peak distorsion because of the immiscibility of the mobile phases employed in the two dimensions is resolved. The optimization of the analytical run time and flow rate for both dimensions and the initial gradient in the 2D is carried out with various standard compounds. The potential and versatility of this LCxLC approach is demonstrated through the separation of 11 standard components, most of them allergens. The latter, which are characterized by a scattered distribution on the 2D space plane, underwent separation on both a hydrophobicity and polarity basis.
|
['Chromatography, Liquid', 'Hydrocarbons']
| 17,059,684
|
[['E05.196.181.400'], ['D02.455']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Carcinoma of the splenic flexure].
|
The Authors report their experience in the management of 25 cancers of the splenic flexure corresponding to 4.8% of large bowel cancers overall observed. Twelve patients underwent elective surgery consisting in a left hemicolectomy, which in 1 of the 12 cases required an associated distal splenopancreatectomy. Operative mortality was null, whereas morbidity involved 1 case of anastomotic dehiscence. Thirteen patients presenting with complete obstruction underwent emergency surgery: a two-stage resection with primary colostomy was performed in 5 cases, a sub-total colectomy with one-stage ileo-rectal anastomosis or ileo-sigmoid anastomosis was performed in 8 cases. In this last group of 8 patients mortality rate was 12.5% (1 pt.) and diarrhoea was the most important sequela. On this regard the Authors point out the opportunity to perform an ileo-sigmoidostomy, which reduces the incidence of such complication.
|
['Aged', 'Anastomosis, Surgical', 'Colectomy', 'Colon, Sigmoid', 'Colostomy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Ileum', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreatectomy', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Rectum', 'Splenic Neoplasms']
| 1,419,518
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.035'], ['E04.210.219'], ['A03.556.124.526.356.668', 'A03.556.249.249.356.668'], ['E04.210.338.225', 'E04.579.338.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.556.124.684.249', 'A03.556.249.124'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.210.752'], ['C23.550.767'], ['A03.556.124.526.767', 'A03.556.249.249.767'], ['C04.588.842', 'C15.604.744.680']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A new look at pericardial substitutes.
|
The presence of pericardial adhesions may increase morbidity and mortality during reoperation for cardiac disease. Pericardial substitutes (patches) are commercially available, and reportedly they reduce or prevent adhesions. We implanted five (1984 to 1985) newer pericardial substitutes in dogs. A new polytetrafluoroethylene surgical membrane, two types of glutaraldehyde-stabilized bovine pericardium, formaldehyde-preserved bovine pericardium, and glutaraldehyde-stabilized equine pericardial patches were each implanted in six adult dogs (total 30 dogs) with two dogs from each of the five groups killed at 3, 9, and 18 months. At autopsy the condition of each patch was recorded photographically, and specimens were substituted for histologic examination. Adhesions and epicardial reactions were graded as none, minimal, moderate, or severe. None of the materials produced severe pericardial adhesions, and no adhesions were detected in nine dogs. Eleven dogs had no epicardial reaction and only one showed a severe reaction. Adhesions to portions of the suture line required sharp dissection in 11 dogs. If there is concern over the possibility of calcification in heterologous tissue, polytetrafluoroethylene may be chosen. Patch type did not significantly alter patch behavior.
|
['Animals', 'Bioprosthesis', 'Cardiomyopathies', 'Cicatrix', 'Dogs', 'Pericardium', 'Polytetrafluoroethylene', 'Tissue Adhesions']
| 3,613,629
|
[['B01.050'], ['E07.695.100'], ['C14.280.238'], ['A10.165.450.300', 'C23.550.355.274', 'G16.762.891.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['A07.541.795', 'A10.615.789.470'], ['D05.750.395.616', 'D25.720.395.616', 'J01.637.051.720.395.616'], ['C23.550.355.274.840']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The orbicularis oculi reflex: pathologic studies in childhood.
|
The orbicularis oculi reflex was studied in 12 children with intrinsic brain stem gliomas and in six children with other posterior fossa pathology. The results were compared with previously established childhood normal values. Seventy-eight percent of the children demonstrated a pathologic alteration of the reflex comparable to reported results in adult patients. The orgicularis oculi reflex test in childhood in a relatively simple and risk-free procedure in the evaluation of brain stem disease in childhood.
|
['Adolescent', 'Brain Diseases', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Brain Stem', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Eyelids', 'Glioma', 'Humans', 'Reflex']
| 561,347
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['C10.228.140'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['A08.186.211.132'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['A01.456.505.420.504', 'A09.371.337'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380', 'C04.557.470.670.380', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.376.550.650', 'E01.370.600.550.650', 'F02.830.702', 'G11.561.731']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Emotional regulation processes: influence on pain and disability in fibromyalgia patients.
|
OBJECTIVES: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic syndrome characterised by widespread musculoskeletal pain associated with other symptoms, including psychological distress. While negative mood (anxiety, depression, and anger) has been widely explored in FM, few studies have investigated emotional dysregulation. Our purpose was to evaluate problems in the processes of emotional regulation and to explore their influence on the severity of pain and disability.METHODS: Emotional regulations, anxiety, depression, anger, pain and disability were evaluated in 47 FM patients and 47 healthy subjects. Regression analyses were performed to evaluate the role that emotional regulation processes have on pain severity and disability of FM patients.RESULTS: Results showed that although FM patients do not differ in terms of the attention paid to their emotional states, FM patients had greater difficulties in the emotional regulation process. In addition, emotional rejection and interference are two variables that influence the pain severity and disability.CONCLUSIONS: FM patients need to be trained in strategies for regulating their emotions, in order to achieve a reduction in negative mood states, as well as their impact in pain and disability.
|
['Anger', 'Anxiety', 'Depression', 'Disability Evaluation', 'Emotional Regulation', 'Fibromyalgia', 'Humans', 'Pain']
| 31,928,594
|
[['F01.470.093'], ['F01.470.132'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['E01.370.400'], ['F01.145.813.595.500', 'F01.470.311'], ['C05.651.324', 'C05.799.321', 'C10.668.491.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Interactions of methoxychlor, methoxychlor base-soluble contaminant, and 2,2-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane with rat uterine estrogen receptor.
|
Laboratory grade methoxychlor (99% pure), base-washed methoxychlor, and a metabolite of methoxychlor, 2,2-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane (HPTE), were tested for their ability to compete with [3 H] estradiol-17 beta ([3 H]E2) for specific binding to the estrogen receptor from immature rat uterine cytosol. The binding was determined on 10--30% sucrose gradients and by a dextran-coated charcoal assay and subsequent Scatchard plot analysis. On gradients, laboratory grade methoxychlor, but not base-washed methoxychlor, suppressed [3 H]E2 binding to the 8S estrogen receptor. However, the base-soluble fraction from washing of laboratory grade methoxychlor caused suppression o[3 H]E2 binding on sucrose gradients at a concentration as low as 3.6 ppm. Scatchard plot analysis indicated that the inhibition of binding observed with laboratory grade methoxychlor was competitive in nature and not caused by receptor destruction. It was concluded that laboratory grade methoxychlor contained a contaminant that was potentially estrogenic. HPTE, an in vivo metabolite of methoxychlor, caused a marked suppression of [3 H]E2 binding in the 85 region of the gradients. Analysis by Scatchard plot indicated that the effect of HPTE was not to decrease the number of E2 binding sites but merely to alter the affinity of binding to the receptor, presumably in a competitive manner. The low K1 value for HPTE suggested an extremely high affinity for uterine cytosolic E2 receptors.
|
['Animals', 'Cytosol', 'DDT', 'Drug Contamination', 'Female', 'Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated', 'Kinetics', 'Methoxychlor', 'Rats', 'Receptors, Estrogen', 'Trichloroethanes', 'Uterus']
| 731,734
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['D02.455.526.439.255'], ['N06.850.360'], ['D02.455.526.439'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D02.455.526.439.610'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.826.750.350', 'D12.776.930.778.350'], ['D02.455.526.439.927'], ['A05.360.319.679']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Different reactive oxygen species lead to distinct changes of cellular metal ions in the eukaryotic model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
|
Elemental uptake and export of the cell are tightly regulated thereby maintaining the ionomic homeostasis. This equilibrium can be disrupted upon exposure to exogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to reduction or elevation of the intracellular metal ions. In this study, the ionomic composition in the eukaryotic model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae was profiled using the inductively-coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) following the treatment with individual ROS, including hydrogen peroxide, cumen hydroperoxide, linoleic acid hydroperoxide (LAH), the superoxide-generating agent menadione, the thiol-oxidising agent diamide [diazine-dicarboxylic acid-bis(dimethylamide)], dimedone and peroxynitrite. The findings demonstrated that different ROS resulted in distinct changes in cellular metal ions. Aluminium (Al(3+)) level rose up to 50-fold after the diamide treatment. Cellular potassium (K(+)) in LAH-treated cells was 26-fold less compared to the non-treated controls. The diamide-induced Al(3+) accumulation was further validated by the enhanced Al(3+) uptake along the time course and diamide doses. Pre-incubation of yeast with individual elements including iron, copper, manganese and magnesium failed to block diamide-induced Al(3+) uptake, suggesting Al(3+)-specific transporters could be involved in Al(3+) uptake. Furthermore, LAH-induced potassium depletion was validated by a rescue experiment in which addition of potassium increased yeast growth in LAH-containing media by 26% compared to LAH alone. Taken together, the data, for the first time, demonstrated the linkage between ionomic profiles and individual oxidative conditions.
|
['Aluminum', 'Benzene Derivatives', 'Copper', 'Cyclohexanones', 'Diamide', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Ions', 'Linoleic Acids', 'Lipid Peroxides', 'Magnesium', 'Manganese', 'Models, Molecular', 'Oxidants', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Peroxynitrous Acid', 'Potassium', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Vitamin K 3']
| 22,174,654
|
[['D01.268.557.050', 'D01.552.547.050'], ['D02.455.426.559.389'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.367.340', 'D02.522.400'], ['D02.172.300'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['D01.248.497'], ['D10.251.355.310.515', 'D10.251.355.343.500'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.637', 'D01.339.431.374.637', 'D01.650.550.750.600', 'D02.389.338.450', 'D10.440'], ['D01.268.552.437', 'D01.268.557.500', 'D01.552.547.500'], ['D01.268.556.484', 'D01.268.956.374', 'D01.552.544.484'], ['E05.599.595'], ['D27.720.642', 'D27.888.569.540'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D01.625.600.800', 'D01.625.700.750'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.721.374.922', 'D02.455.849.291.523.500.922', 'D02.806.550.875', 'D04.615.638.721.374.922']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Why is the lower torso protected in traumatic asphyxia? A new hypothesis.
|
Traumatic asphyxia secondary to a crush injury of the chest is characterized by craniocervical cyanosis, subconjunctival hemorrhage, and severe vascular engorgement of the head and neck. These signs are believed to be due to high venous pressures causing stasis and capillary rupture. A "fear response" that produces a strong Valsalva maneuver is thought to be necessary for their development. The lower torso seems to be protected, and previously this was thought to be due to its superior system of valves. We present here ultrasonographic evidence that the inferior vena cava is compressed or obliterated during a Valsalva maneuver, and propose that this compression protects the lower torso during traumatic asphyxia.
|
['Abdomen', 'Asphyxia', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pressure', 'Respiration', 'Thoracic Injuries', 'Ultrasonography', 'Valsalva Maneuver', 'Vena Cava, Inferior']
| 2,645,838
|
[['A01.923.047'], ['C23.550.260.095', 'C26.103'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.715'], ['G09.772.705'], ['C26.891'], ['E01.370.350.850'], ['E01.370.370.380.950', 'E01.370.386.700.950', 'G09.330.380.875', 'G09.772.910'], ['A07.015.908.949.648']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Identification of HSP90 inhibitors as a novel class of senolytics.
|
Aging is the main risk factor for many chronic degenerative diseases and cancer. Increased senescent cell burden in various tissues is a major contributor to aging and age-related diseases. Recently, a new class of drugs termed senolytics were demonstrated to extending healthspan, reducing frailty and improving stem cell function in multiple murine models of aging. To identify novel and more optimal senotherapeutic drugs and combinations, we established a senescence associated â-galactosidase assay as a screening platform to rapidly identify drugs that specifically affect senescent cells. We used primary Ercc1 -/- murine embryonic fibroblasts with reduced DNA repair capacity, which senesce rapidly if grown at atmospheric oxygen. This platform was used to screen a small library of compounds that regulate autophagy, identifying two inhibitors of the HSP90 chaperone family as having significant senolytic activity in mouse and human cells. Treatment of Ercc1 -/? mice, a mouse model of a human progeroid syndrome, with the HSP90 inhibitor 17-DMAG extended healthspan, delayed the onset of several age-related symptoms and reduced p16INK4a expression. These results demonstrate the utility of our screening platform to identify senotherapeutic agents as well as identified HSP90 inhibitors as a promising new class of senolytic drugs.The accumulation of senescent cells is thought to contribute to the age-associated decline in tissue function. Here, the authors identify HSP90 inhibitors as a new class of senolytic compounds in an in vitro screening and show that administration of a HSP90 inhibitor reduces age-related symptoms in progeroid mice.
|
['Aging', 'Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Autophagy', 'Benzoquinones', 'Biological Assay', 'Biomarkers', 'Cellular Senescence', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Down-Regulation', 'Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Endonucleases', 'Female', 'Fibroblasts', 'HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins', 'Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells', 'Humans', 'Lactams, Macrocyclic', 'Mice', 'Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'Signal Transduction', 'Small Molecule Libraries']
| 28,871,086
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['G04.011'], ['D02.806.250'], ['E05.091'], ['D23.101'], ['G04.043'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['E05.290.750', 'E05.337.550'], ['D08.811.277.352.355'], ['A11.329.228'], ['D12.776.580.216.380'], ['A11.436.275.682'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.065.589.327', 'D04.345.295'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.755', 'D12.776.476.565', 'D12.776.624.664.700.168'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D27.720.470.765']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Lupus nephritis in children and adolescents: results of the Italian Collaborative Study.
|
BACKGROUND: Lupus nephritis (LN) strongly affects the outcome in children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Many patients, however, have renal disease at onset, but lack a sufficient number of criteria to be diagnosed as SLE and develop delayed symptoms over time (d-SLE). Data on the clinical course, long-term outcome and predictors of disease progression in children with LN are scant.METHODS: The Italian Collaborative Study included 161 paediatric patients with LN who were followed up for a mean of 96 months (range 6-296) in seven paediatric nephrology units. Cox-Mantel regression models were used to identify predictors of disease remission, relapse and progression.RESULTS: At 1 year, the proportion of patients in remission was 83.2% (partial) and 53.5% (complete). Renal flares occurred in >50% of patients within 10 years. The intensity of induction treatment correlated significantly with the achievement of remission, while d-SLE, class IV LN and younger age were associated with poor response to treatment and/or with progression to chronic renal failure.CONCLUSIONS: The current study provides outcome data on a large paediatric population with LN and underlines the importance of prescribing appropriate induction treatment to all children, regardless of the presence of enough SLE criteria, which may develop several years after the initial diagnosis.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Infant', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Lupus Nephritis', 'Male', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Survival Rate']
| 23,345,627
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['C12.777.419.570.363.680', 'C13.351.968.419.570.363.680', 'C17.300.480.680', 'C20.111.590.560'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Unintentional strangulation by a cervical collar after attempted suicide by hanging.
|
We report the case of a young man who attempted suicide by hanging and whose neurological status deteriorated until the cervical collar, that had been correctly placed by the prehospital team, was removed. We discuss the physiopathological mechanisms leading to death in hanging that is, a blockage of the blood stream to the brain leading to vasogenic and cytotoxic cerebral edema rather than asphyxia or spinal fracture. Our case supports the early removal of neck stabilization devices that can dangerously harm the patient after an attempted suicide by hanging, by increasing intracerebral pressure.
|
['Adult', 'Asphyxia', 'Device Removal', 'Emergency Medical Services', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Glasgow Coma Scale', 'Humans', 'Immobilization', 'Intracranial Hypertension', 'Intracranial Pressure', 'Intubation, Intratracheal', 'Male', 'Neck Injuries', 'Orthotic Devices', 'Respiration, Artificial', 'Risk Assessment', 'Suicide, Attempted']
| 21,183,526
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C23.550.260.095', 'C26.103'], ['E04.199'], ['N02.421.297'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.875.250', 'E05.944.500', 'N04.452.859.564.800.250', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.800.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.472'], ['C10.228.140.631'], ['G11.561.170.505'], ['E02.041.500', 'E02.585.578', 'E05.497.578'], ['C26.700'], ['E07.858.442.743'], ['E02.041.625', 'E02.365.647.729', 'E02.880.820'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['F01.145.126.980.875.600', 'I01.880.735.856.600']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Maternal predictors of perinatal human immunodeficiency virus transmission. The New York City Perinatal HIV Transmission Collaborative Study Group.
|
This analysis sought to identify characteristics of pregnant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected women that predict mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission. Pregnant and immediately postpartum women at risk for HIV were enrolled at obstetric and pediatric care settings in New York City from 1986 to 1992. Demographic and behavioral characteristics, clinical illness, T lymphocyte subsets, immunoglobulin concentration and syphilis serology were collected on the women. Infants were followed to determine HIV infection classification according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for HIV-1 in children. Transmission rates were calculated for women who gave birth more than 15 months before the analysis. Of 172 HIV-1-infected women with known outcome 49 (28%) had infected infants. The transmission rate (TR) was significantly higher among women with < 280 CD4+ cells/microliters (lowest CD4+ quartile) than with CD4+ counts > 280 (48% vs. 22%; P = 0.004; odds ratio, 3.4; 95% confidence interval (1.5, 7.8)); a similar trend was seen by CD4+% quartile. No difference in TR was seen comparing women by CD8+ count quartile but marginally higher TR was seen among women with CD8+% > or = 51% than with CD8+% < 51% (TR = 41% vs. 24%; P = 0.076; odds ratio, 2.2; confidence interval (1.0, 5.1)). The highest TR, 62% was seen in women with both CD8+ count above the median and CD4+ count in the lowest quartile. No significant difference in TR was seen between women with and without HIV-related illness, although the TR was 53% among women hospitalized in the previous year for pneumonia compared with 25% in others (P = 0.03). TR was somewhat lower in women who delivered by cesarean section than vaginally (entire cohort: 18% vs. 32%, P = 0.11; prenatal enrollees only, 17% vs. 38%, P = 0.045). No factor or combination of factors was both highly sensitive and specific for predicting mother-to-child HIV transmission. A possible relationship between transmission and mode of delivery deserves further investigation.
|
['AIDS Serodiagnosis', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'CD4-CD8 Ratio', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'HIV Core Protein p24', 'HIV Infections', 'HIV-1', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulins', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications, Infectious', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'T-Lymphocyte Subsets']
| 8,078,735
|
[['E01.370.225.812.735.060', 'E01.370.225.875.408.500', 'E05.200.812.735.060', 'E05.200.875.408.500', 'E05.478.594.760.060'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595.500.150.160', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595.500.150.160', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595.500.150.160', 'E05.200.625.107.595.500.150.160', 'E05.242.195.107.595.500.150.160', 'G04.140.107.595.500.150.160', 'G09.188.105.595.500.150.160', 'G12.248'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['D12.776.964.775.350.362.500', 'D12.776.964.775.562.750.500', 'D12.776.964.970.600.850.350.362.500', 'D23.050.327.520.300'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485', 'D12.776.124.790.651', 'D12.776.377.715.548'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C01.674', 'C13.703.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of acute and chronic administration of two antibiotics, aztreonam and gentamicin, alone or in combination, on "open-field test" in mice.
|
A study aimed at investigating the behavioural effects of aztreonam and gentamicin, given separately or in combination, was carried out in mice. Animals were randomly assigned to two test conditions: acute and chronic treatment. Those receiving acute treatment had a single IP injection 60 min before the test. Those receiving chronic treatment had IP injections once daily for 5 successive days prior to the test. Behavioural patterns (ambulation, rearing, grooming and defecation) were assessed using the "open-field" test. The results indicate that, both after single and multiple dosing, aztreonam (10, 40 and 80 mg/kg IP) and/or gentamicin (10 mg/kg IP) do produce changes in the behaviour of animals. A rate increasing effect for certain behaviours (rearing, grooming and defecation) and a reduction in other behaviours (ambulation) seems to occur.
|
['Animals', 'Aztreonam', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Female', 'Gentamicins', 'Injections, Intraperitoneal', 'Mice']
| 2,606,426
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.065.589.099.500.044', 'D02.886.108.500.044', 'D03.383.411.350.044', 'D03.633.100.300.500.044'], ['F01.145.113'], ['D09.408.051.374'], ['E02.319.267.530.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Gustatory thalamus lesions in the rat: I. Innate taste preferences and aversions.
|
Two experiments examined the innate taste preferences and aversions of rats with electrolytic lesions of the gustatory thalamus (GT). Contrary to previous research, GT lesions had only a minor influence on intake of the 4 basic tastes as assessed with the 24-hr, 2-bottle preference test in Experiment 1. The same lesioned rats, when tested with the same stimuli in the 15-min, single-bottle procedure in Experiment 2, showed normal consumption patterns except for sucrose intake, which was attenuated. The conflicting findings of previous and present research are considered to result from differences in lesion size. The current data suggest that the GT has a relatively minor functional role in the unconditioned acceptance or rejection of sapid stimuli.
|
['Animals', 'Brain Mapping', 'Dietary Sucrose', 'Food Preferences', 'Instinct', 'Male', 'Neural Pathways', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Taste', 'Taste Buds', 'Thalamic Nuclei']
| 8,864,265
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['D09.301.831.250', 'D09.698.629.305.770.200', 'D09.947.500.250', 'D09.947.750.770.200', 'D27.720.372.300.353.609.750.250', 'G07.203.300.362.831.250', 'G07.203.300.514.500.400.700.750.250', 'J02.500.362.831.250', 'J02.500.514.500.400.700.750.250'], ['F01.145.407.516', 'G07.203.650.353.516'], ['F01.658.642'], ['A08.612'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['F02.830.816.724', 'G11.561.790.724'], ['A03.556.500.885.779', 'A08.675.650.915.500.800', 'A08.800.950.500.800', 'A09.846', 'A11.671.650.915.500.800', 'A14.549.885.779'], ['A08.186.211.200.317.826.701']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Osteopontin and endostatin concentrations in peripheral blood of patients with adrenal tumors undergoing unilateral adrenalectomy.
|
Peripheral blood osteopontin (OPN) and endostatin (END) levels were studied in 35 patients with adrenal cortex tumors and 10 patients with pheochromocytoma before unilateral adrenalectomy, as well as in 10 healthy subjects (controls). Thirty days after surgery, OPN and END were evaluated again in 16 patients with adrenal cortex tumors and 4 female patients with pheochromocytoma. Before surgery, OPN blood concentrations increased in the group of patients with adrenal cortex carcinomas as compared to controls (p < 0.001) and the group with Conn syndrome (p < 0.05); they did not change after surgery. Before adrenalectomy, OPN blood levels in pheochromocytoma patients were also lower than in Conn syndrome subjects (p < 0.05). After adrenalectomy, the normal concentrations of END decreased only in the group of patients with hormonally inactive cortical adenomas (p < 0.05). We were unable to demonstrate any relationships between removed tumor volumes and OPN or END blood levels.
|
['Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms', 'Adrenal Gland Neoplasms', 'Adrenalectomy', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Biomarkers', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Endostatins', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyperaldosteronism', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteopontin', 'Pheochromocytoma', 'Young Adult']
| 21,968,021
|
[['C04.588.322.078.265', 'C19.053.098.265', 'C19.053.347.500', 'C19.344.078.265'], ['C04.588.322.078', 'C19.053.347', 'C19.344.078'], ['E04.270.115'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.101'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['D12.644.276.100.450.750', 'D12.776.467.100.450.750', 'D12.776.860.300.250.400.537.500', 'D23.529.100.450.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C19.053.800.604'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.644.276.374.625', 'D12.776.395.700.837', 'D12.776.467.374.625', 'D12.776.860.300.762', 'D23.529.374.625'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.700.725', 'C04.557.580.625.650.700.725'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
How is the most severe health state being valued by the general population?
|
BACKGROUND: It has been reported that valuation of health states that are close to death, such as the most severe health state, can be affected by health state valuation procedure, and their utility values are difficult to predict. We examined how the most severe health states of Short Form-6 dimension (SF-6D) and EuroQoL-5 dimension-3 level (EQ-5D-3L) were valued by the Singapore general population.METHODS: Overall, 249 SF-6D and 42 EQ-5D-3L states were valued by two separate samples from the Singapore general population using the visual analogue scale (VAS) method. Ordinary least-square regression model was employed to explain deficit in the valuation of the most severe state using the health state descriptors.RESULTS: A total of 1021 participants from the SF-6D sample and 1015 participants from the EQ-5D-3L sample were included in the analysis. We observed that 67% of the SF-6D participants and 74% of the EQ-5D-3L participants considered the most severe state worse than dead. The most severe state had mean VAS valuation scores more than 20-25 points lower than the adjacent states that are better by only one level in only one dimension. SF-6D VAS valuation score for the most severe state was 27 points and 12 points lower than expected according to the health state descriptors among the participants who considered the most severe state worse than dead and better than dead, respectively. Similar results were found for the EQ-5D-3L valuation.CONCLUSIONS: The most severe health state was valued lower than expected according to its descriptors.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Health Status Indicators', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Psychological Distance', 'Quality of Life', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Singapore', 'Terminally Ill', 'Visual Analog Scale']
| 25,344,269
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.145.813.630', 'F01.829.316.777'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['Z01.252.145.774'], ['M01.873'], ['E01.370.928']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Stereoselective nicotine-induced release of dopamine from striatal synaptosomes: concentration dependence and repetitive stimulation.
|
Using a sensitive perfusion system we have studied the nicotine-induced release of [3H]dopamine ([( 3H]DA) from striatal synaptosomes. Nicotine-evoked release was concentration dependent with an EC50 of 3.8 microM. The response to 1 microM nicotine was comparable to that to 16 mM K+; 10 microM veratridine evoked a larger response. All three stimuli were Ca2+ dependent but only the response to veratridine was blocked by tetrodotoxin. Repetitive stimulations by 1 microM (-)-nicotine (100 microliters) at 30-min intervals resulted in similar levels of [3H]DA release; higher concentrations of (-)-nicotine resulted in an attenuation of the response particularly following the third stimulation. This may reflect desensitisation or tachyphylaxis of the presynaptic nicotinic receptor. The action of nicotine was markedly stereoselective: a 100-fold higher concentration of (+)-nicotine was necessary to evoke the same level of response as 1 microM (-)-nicotine. It is proposed that these presynaptic nicotinic receptors on striatal terminals are equivalent to high-affinity nicotine binding sites described in mammalian brain.
|
['Animals', 'Calcium', 'Corpus Striatum', 'Dopamine', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Male', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Nicotine', 'Potassium', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Receptors, Nicotinic', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Synaptosomes', 'Veratridine']
| 3,346,670
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487'], ['D02.092.211.215.406', 'D02.092.311.342', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['D03.132.760.570', 'D03.383.725.518'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.100.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.100.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.100.500', 'D12.776.543.750.130.687', 'D12.776.543.750.720.360.550'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['A11.284.835.859'], ['D03.132.920.256.679', 'D03.633.400.256.679']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Intrapulmonary delivery of tumor necrosis factor agonist peptide augments host defense in murine gram-negative bacterial pneumonia.
|
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) has been shown to be an essential cytokine mediator of innate immunity in Klebsiella pneumonia. Recently, a TNF agonist peptide consisting of the 11-amino-acid TNF binding site (TNF70-80) has been shown to possess many of the leukocyte-activating properties of TNF without the associated toxicity when administered locally or systemically. Given the beneficial effects of TNF in gram-negative pneumonia, we hypothesize that the intratracheal (i.t.) administration of TNF70-80 would augment lung innate immunity in mice challenged with intrapulmonary Klebsiella pneumoniae. The administration of TNF70-80 i.t. to CBA/J mice 7 days prior to, but not concomitantly with, the i.t. delivery of 3 x 10(3) CFU of K. pneumoniae resulted in a marked increase in survival compared to that of animals receiving a control peptide i.t. In addition, pretreatment with TNF70-80 resulted in improved bacterial clearance, which occurred in association with enhanced lung myeloperoxidase activity (as a measure of lung polymorphonuclear leukocyte influx), and increased expression of the important activating cytokines TNF, macrophage inflammatory protein-2, interleukin-12, and gamma interferon compared that for animals receiving control peptide. Finally, the administration of TNF70-80 intraperitoneally resulted in enhanced rather than decreased lethality of Klebsiella pneumonia compared to that for animals receiving either TNF70-80 or control peptide i.t. Our studies suggest that the intrapulmonary, but not systemic, administration of the TNF agonist peptide may serve as an important immunoadjuvant in the treatment of murine Klebsiella pneumonia.
|
['Animals', 'Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid', 'Cytokines', 'Female', 'Immunity, Innate', 'Immunization, Passive', 'Klebsiella Infections', 'Klebsiella pneumoniae', 'Lung', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred CBA', 'Neutrophils', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Pneumonia, Bacterial', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 9,596,755
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.927.100.500'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['G12.450.564'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.330', 'E05.478.550.520'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.503'], ['B03.440.450.425.425.600', 'B03.660.250.150.400.590'], ['A04.411'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.440', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.440'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['D12.644.541'], ['C01.150.252.620', 'C01.748.610.540', 'C08.381.677.540', 'C08.730.610.540'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Confirming pure-tone thresholds by auditory brainstem response in the geriatric population.
|
BACKGROUND: The aged people seeking otological consultation tend to increase for the purpose of applying for hearing disability certificate. When the subjective pure-tone thresholds (PTTs) are unreliable due to patient incooporation, the objective click auditory brainstem response (ABR) is used to confirm the hearing thresholds. In this study, we assess the accuracy of ABR thresholds in the aged and determine the "ABR confirmation criteria" for normal hearing and hearing handicap.METHODS: This is a prospective study. ABR thresholds were compared with pure-tone thresholds (PTTs) in 100 ears of 50 subjects over 60 years of age using kappa measure of agreement. Based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and positive likelihood ratio (LR), the most appropriate "ABR confirmation criteria" for normal hearing and hearing handicap were determined.RESULTS: According to kappa statistics, the agreement between ABR thresholds and PTTs is better in the 2- to 4-kHz region. For normal hearing, the agreement is best when confirming the average PTTs of 2, 3 and 4 kHz by the ABR threshold of 25 dB nHL (K = 0.53, p < 0.001). For hearing handicap, the agreement is best when confirming the PTTs of 3 kHz by the ABR threshold of 55 dB nHL (K = 0.60, p < 0.001). Based on ROC curve and positive LR, the ABR accuracy, for normal hearing, is excellent at a cutoff of 30 dB nHL compared with the average PTT of 2, 3 and 4 kHz. For hearing handicap, the ABR accuracy is best in excess of 55 dB nHL compared with the PTT at 3 kHz.CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that ABR is a useful diagnostic tool to confirm the validity of pure-tone audiogram for presbycusis.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aging', 'Audiometry, Pure-Tone', 'Auditory Threshold', 'Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Regression Analysis']
| 12,135,195
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G07.345.124'], ['E01.370.382.375.060.055'], ['F02.463.593.071.173', 'F02.463.593.710.190', 'G07.888.125.173'], ['G07.265.216.500.370.300', 'G07.888.250.300', 'G11.561.200.500.370.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Inflammatory cytokines in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea.
|
Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with chronic systemic inflammation and with cognitive impairments. This study aimed to investigate the status of proinflammatory cytokines, particularly interleukin 17 (IL-17) and interleukin 23 (IL-23) and cognition in pediatric OSA.Controls and OSA children participated in the study. Exclusion criteria were adenotonsillectomy, heart, neurological and severe psychiatric diseases, craniofacial syndromes, and obesity. Polysomnogram was followed by serum testing for inflammatory markers and neurocognitive tests such as continuous performance task (CPT) and Wisconsin card sorting test, questionnaires, analyses of plasma high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (HS-CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-á), interleukin 1 (IL-1), interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-17, and IL-23.Seventy-nine, 4 to 12-year-old subjects in 2 groups ended the study: 47 nonobese OSA children (mean age = 7.84 ± 0.56 years, body mass index [BMI] = 16.95 ± 0.47 kg/m, BMI z-score = 0.15 ± 0.21, and mean apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] = 9.13 ± 1.67 events/h) and 32 healthy control children (mean age = 7.02 ± 0.65 years, with BMI = 16.55 ± 0.58 kg/m, BMI z-score = -0.12 ± 0.27, and mean AHI = 0.41 ± 0.07 event/h) were enrolled. Serum cytokine analyses showed significantly higher levels of HS-CRP, IL-17, and IL-23 in OSA children (P = 0.002, P = 0.024, and P = 0.047). Regression test showed significant influence of HS-CRP, TNF-á, IL-6, IL-17, and specifically IL-23, with the continuous performance test and Wisconsin card sorting test.OSA children have abnormal levels of IL-17, an interleukin related to T helper 17 cells, a T helper cell involved in development of autoimmunity and inflammation. This high expression level may contribute to the complications of pediatric OSA; we also found a significant influence of inflammatory cytokines, particularly IL-23, on abnormal neurocognitive testing.
|
['Biomarkers', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cytokines', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Inflammation', 'Male', 'Prospective Studies', 'Sleep Apnea, Obstructive']
| 27,741,107
|
[['D23.101'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.470'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C08.618.085.852.850', 'C10.886.425.800.750.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
CADASIL-associated Notch3 mutations have differential effects both on ligand binding and ligand-induced Notch3 receptor signaling through RBP-Jk.
|
Mutations in the NOTCH3 gene are the cause of cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), a hereditary angiopathy leading to strokes and dementia. Pathogenic mutations remove or insert cysteine residues within epidermal growth factor (EGF) repeats in the extracellular domain of the Notch3 receptor (N3ECD). Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) are the predominant site of Notch3 expression in adults. In CADASIL patients, VSMC degenerate and N3ECD is deposited within the vasculature. However, the mechanisms underlying VSMC degeneration and N3ECD accumulation are still unknown. In this study, we investigated the consequences of three pathogenic Notch3 mutations on the biological activity of the receptor by analyzing ligand (Delta-/Jagged-)-induced signaling via RBP-Jk. Two mutations (R133C and C183R) that are located outside the putative ligand binding domain (LBD) of the receptor were found to result in normal Jagged1-induced signaling in A7r5 VSMC, whereas the third mutation (C455R located within the putative LBD) showed strongly reduced signaling activity. Ligand binding assays with soluble Delta1 and Jagged1 revealed that C455R interferes with ligand binding through disruption of the LBD which, as we show here, is located in EGF repeats 10/11 of Notch3. All mutant receptors including Notch3C455R were targeted to the cell surface but showed an elevated ratio between the unprocessed full-length 280-kDa receptor and S1-cleaved receptor fragments. Taken together, these data indicate that CADASIL-associated Notch3 mutations differ with respect to their consequences both on ligand binding and ligand-induced signaling through RBP-Jk, whereas they have similar effects on receptor maturation. Moreover, the data suggest that ligand-induced receptor shedding may not be required for N3ECD deposition in CADASIL.
|
['Adult', 'Animals', 'Calcium-Binding Proteins', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cycloheximide', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Dementia, Multi-Infarct', 'Epidermal Growth Factor', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin J Recombination Signal Sequence-Binding Protein', 'Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Jagged-1 Protein', 'Ligands', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Mice', 'Mutation', 'NIH 3T3 Cells', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Protein Binding', 'Proteins', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Receptor, Notch3', 'Receptor, Notch4', 'Receptors, Cell Surface', 'Receptors, Immunologic', 'Receptors, Notch', 'Recombinases', 'Serrate-Jagged Proteins', 'Signal Transduction']
| 15,350,543
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.157.125'], ['A11.251'], ['D03.383.621.808.240'], ['D12.776.260'], ['C10.228.140.300.150.477.200.199', 'C10.228.140.300.400.408', 'C10.228.140.300.775.200.200.199', 'C10.228.140.380.230.250', 'C14.907.253.092.477.200.199', 'C14.907.253.855.200.200.199', 'C23.550.513.355.250.200.199', 'C23.550.717.489.250.200.199', 'F03.615.400.350.400'], ['D06.472.317.350', 'D12.644.276.382.500', 'D12.776.467.382.500', 'D23.529.382.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.260.457', 'D12.776.660.486', 'D12.776.930.327'], ['D12.644.276', 'D12.776.467', 'D23.529'], ['D12.644.276.930.500', 'D12.776.157.125.797.500', 'D12.776.543.800.500', 'D23.529.930.500'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['D12.776.543'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G05.365.590'], ['A11.251.210.100.550', 'A11.329.228.100.550'], ['D12.776.660'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['D12.776.543.750.725.875', 'D12.776.930.770.875'], ['D12.776.543.750.725.937', 'D12.776.624.664.700.815', 'D12.776.930.770.937'], ['D12.776.543.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.705'], ['D12.776.543.750.725', 'D12.776.930.770'], ['D08.811.739'], ['D12.644.276.930', 'D12.776.157.125.797', 'D12.776.543.800', 'D23.529.930'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Pediatricians' assessments of caries risk and need for a dental evaluation in preschool aged children.
|
BACKGROUND: Risk-based prioritization of dental referrals during well-child visits might improve dental access for infants and toddlers. This study identifies pediatrician-assessed risk factors for early childhood caries (ECC) and their association with the need for a dentist's evaluation.METHODS: A priority oral health risk assessment and referral tool (PORRT) for children < 36 months was developed collaboratively by physicians and dentists and used by 10 pediatricians during well-child visits. PORRT documented behavioral, clinical, and child health risks for ECC. Pediatricians also assessed overall ECC risk on an 11-point scale and determined the need for a dental evaluation. Logistic regression models calculated the odds for evaluation need for each risk factor and according to a 3-level risk classification.RESULTS: In total 1,288 PORRT forms were completed; 6.8% of children were identified as needing a dentist evaluation. Behavioral risk factors were prevalent but not strong predictors of the need for an evaluation. The child's overall caries risk was the strongest predictor of the need for an evaluation. Cavitated (OR = 17.5; 95% CI = 8.08, 37.97) and non-cavitated (OR = 6.9; 95% CI = 4.47, 10.82) lesions were the strongest predictors when the caries risk scale was excluded from the analysis. Few patients (6.3%) were classified as high risk, but their probability of needing an evaluation was only 0.36.CONCLUSIONS: Low referral rates for children with disease and prior to disease onset but at elevated risk, indicate interventions are needed to help improve the dental referral rates of physicians.
|
['Checklist', 'Child, Preschool', 'Decision Support Techniques', 'Dental Care for Children', 'Dental Caries', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'North Carolina', 'Pediatrics', "Practice Patterns, Physicians'", 'Referral and Consultation', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors']
| 22,559,270
|
[['N05.715.360.300.179'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.245', 'L01.313.500.750.190'], ['E06.170.152', 'N02.421.240.190.215'], ['C07.793.720.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.475', 'Z01.107.567.875.750.530'], ['H02.403.670'], ['N04.590.374.577', 'N05.300.625'], ['N04.452.758.849'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Overexpression of esterase D in kidney from trisomy 13 fetuses.
|
Human trisomy 13 (Patau syndrome) occurs in approximately 1 in 5,000 live births. It is compatible with life, but prolonged survival is rare. Anomalies often involve the urogenital, cardiac, craniofacial, and central nervous systems. It is possible that these abnormalities may be due to the overexpression of developmentally important genes on chromosome 13. The expression of esterase D (localized to chromosome 13q14.11) has been investigated in both muscle and kidney from trisomy 13 fetuses and has been compared with normal age- and sex-matched fetal tissues, by using northern analysis. More than a twofold increase in expression of esterase D was found in the kidney of two trisomy 13 fetuses, with normal levels in a third. Overexpression was not seen in the muscle tissues from these fetuses.
|
['Abnormalities, Multiple', 'Carboxylesterase', 'Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13', 'Female', 'Fetal Diseases', 'Humans', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Phenotype', 'Syndrome', 'Trisomy']
| 8,213,811
|
[['C16.131.077'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.100'], ['D08.811.277.352.100'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.370.375', 'G05.360.162.520.300.370.375'], ['C13.703.277', 'C16.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453'], ['G05.695'], ['C23.550.288.500'], ['C23.550.210.050.750', 'C23.550.210.182.500', 'G05.365.590.175.050.750', 'G05.365.590.175.183.500', 'G05.700.131.750']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Warming alone increased exotic snail reproduction and together with eutrophication influenced snail growth in native wetlands but did not impact plants.
|
Warming and eutrophication can have varying effects on exotic species performance and their interactions. These effects can vary with trophic level, but are rarely investigated simultaneously on exotic species from multiple trophic levels. To address this, we manipulated temperature, nutrients, and plant origin (native vs. exotic) in snail invaded wetland communities. Warming increased exotic apple snail (Pomacea maculata) reproduction (4-fold increase in egg mass) and also number of egg clutches produced while warming slowed exotic snail growth, suggesting a trade-off between reproduction and growth in exotic snails influenced by warming and nutrients. However, exotic snail size varied with warming and nutrients. Additionally, warming reduced native plant mass with no effect on exotic plants while nutrients had greater positive effects on exotic plants biomass. In combination warming and nutrient enrichment will likely increase exotic snail growth, while nutrient enrichment alone will contribute to exotic plant dominance. In conclusion, the individual and interactive effects of warming and eutrophication vary with the trophic level of exotic species with trade-offs in exotic herbivores depending on environmental conditions, making it difficult to predict effects of multiple anthropogenic factors on co-occurring exotic plants and their effects on native communities.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Phenomena', 'Biomass', 'Eutrophication', 'Food', 'Herbivory', 'Introduced Species', 'Plants', 'Reproduction', 'Snails', 'Wetlands']
| 31,791,783
|
[['B01.050'], ['G16'], ['G16.500.275.157.100', 'N06.230.124.100'], ['G16.500.285'], ['G07.203.300', 'J02.500'], ['F01.145.113.547.600', 'F01.145.407.758', 'G07.203.650.353.758'], ['B01.050.050.580', 'G16.500.275.157.049.400', 'N06.230.124.049.400'], ['B01.650'], ['G08.686.784'], ['B01.050.500.644.400.750'], ['G16.500.275.157.812', 'N06.230.124.625']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The IgA subclass responses of human lymphocytes to B-cell activators.
|
The induction of IgA synthesis in normal peripheral blood lymphocytes cultured in the presence of 5 different B-cell activators was studied by immunofluorescence using monoclonal antibodies to the two subclasses. The surface phenotype of normal cells after overnight culture in the absence of mitogen showed a mean ratio IgA1:IgA2 of 2.7:1; cells with cytoplasmic IgA were very rare. Results obtained on different donors after stimulation showed considerable variation; IgA1 was the predominant subclass in Epstein-Barr virus-stimulated cultures, whereas pokeweed mitogen induced a predominantly IgA2 response; cells stimulated with Staphylococcus aureus, Branhamella catarrhalis and lipopolysaccharide and unstimulated cells showed a 1:1 ratio of the subclasses. It is concluded that in this system IgA subclass expression is a function of the activator employed.
|
['Antigens, Surface', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin A', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Lymphocytes', 'Phenotype', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 3,542,813
|
[['D23.050.301'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.026', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.026', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.026'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['G05.695'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
High sensitive DNA typing approaches for the analysis of forensic evidence: comparison of nested variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) amplification and a short tandem repeats (STR) polymorphism.
|
The approach of using nested primers for the APO B variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) increases the sensitivity of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to single cell level. Different experiments and a comparison to the short tandem repeats (STR) system VWA were carried out, to determine the applicability of this method to forensic samples. Nested amplification of the Apo B VNTR was affected by a strong tendency towards preferential amplification of the shorter alleles. This phenomenon was observed for DNA quantities as low as 100 pg and impaired, depending on the allele length, the results for mixed samples. As expected, VWA polymorphism showed less preferential amplification. The high sensitivity of both PCR systems is accompanied by an increased susceptibility to contamination. Using artificially contaminated bloodstains, the bloodstain genotype, the contamination or both genotypes could be found on one piece of evidence. Here a single analysis can lead to an incorrect result. Therefore a strategy for obtaining reliable results should consist of multiple stain extractions and the amplification of different stepped dilutions of the DNA solution.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Blood Stains', 'DNA', 'Forensic Medicine', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Sperm Count', 'Spermatozoa']
| 8,063,275
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['I01.198.780.937.206'], ['D13.444.308'], ['H02.403.330', 'I01.198.780.937'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G05.365.795'], ['G02.111.570.080.708', 'G05.360.080.708'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.870', 'E01.370.225.992.624', 'E05.200.500.195.870', 'E05.200.992.624', 'E05.242.195.870', 'G04.140.870'], ['A05.360.490.890', 'A11.497.760']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The cerebellum and its contribution to complex tasks in higher primates: a comparative perspective.
|
Many aspects of the involvement of the cerebellum in motor control and cognition are still quite unclear or relatively unexplored. In particular, very little is known about the evolution of cerebellar contribution to complex behavior in higher primate species. In this paper, we provide an overview of existing and ongoing comparative studies of the role of the cerebellum in primate behavior. In particular, we discuss evidence that great apes show greater cerebellar relative size than monkeys and that such interspecific difference is mainly explained by growth of the lateral neocerebellum in evolution with converse changes in the vermis. Furthermore, we present evidence that volumetric differences as well as lateral asymmetry of the cerebellum are related to both performance and hand preference for skilled tasks like tool use and aimed throwing. Finally we suggest future directions for this comparative research area that may offer further valuable clues into the involvement of the cerebellum in complex behavior and its evolutionary origin in primate species.
|
['Animals', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Cerebellum', 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'Female', 'Functional Laterality', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Motor Skills', 'Pan troglodytes', 'Physiology, Comparative', 'Predatory Behavior', 'Psychomotor Performance']
| 19,926,082
|
[['B01.050'], ['F01.145.113'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.428.200'], ['E05.245.380', 'E05.318.740.300', 'L01.313.500.750.190.380', 'N05.715.360.750.300', 'N06.850.520.830.300'], ['F02.830.297.425', 'G11.561.225.425'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['F02.808.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.620'], ['H01.158.782.688'], ['F01.145.113.111.600', 'F01.145.113.252.520'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Gene transfer of immunomodulatory peptides correlates with heme oxygenase-1 induction and enhanced allograft survival.
|
BACKGROUND: Decapeptides derived from human HLA class I sequences have been shown to prolong allograft survival. The mechanism of action of these peptides has been uncertain, because they act in an MHC unrestricted manner. Recently, it was found that these peptides bind heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1). In the present study, we sought to determine whether local delivery of these peptides through gene transfer could extend allograft survival, and to explore the underlying mechanisms.METHODS: C57BL/6 neonatal hearts were transplanted to CBA/J recipients and the peptide, or plasmid DNA encoding the peptide, was injected directly into the allograft at the time of the transplant.RESULTS: Direct injection of 1 microg of the B2702 peptide into the allograft did not prolong survival (13.3+/-0.8 vs. 13.4+/-0.8 days for untreated controls), but injection of 400 microg of peptide did extend survival (22.0+/-0.6). Injection of plasmid DNA encoding the B2702 peptide was superior to peptide delivery, extending graft survival to 30.8+/-1.5 days. Similar results were obtained using another plasmid encoding the rationally designed peptide BC1 (28.5+/-1.7), whereas no significant prolongation was observed using a plasmid encoding the control peptide B2705 (16.5+/-1.0). To explore the hypothesis that these peptides exert their immunosuppressive effect by altering HO-1 activity, animals were treated with iron protoporphyrin, an inducer of HO-1 activity, or tin protoporphyrin, an inhibitor of HO-1. Treatment with iron protoporphyrin alone extended graft survival (24.5+/-1.6) and did not alter the benefit in survival seen with BC1 gene transfer (28.0+/-0.8). In contrast, treatment with tin protoporphyrin abolished the benefit of BC1 gene transfer (17.0+/-0.6).CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that plasmid mediated gene transfer is an effective means for delivering immunosuppressive peptides to extend allograft survival. The experiments suggest that these peptides may act by increasing HO-1 activity and support a role for HO-1 in immune regulation and allograft survival.
|
['Animals', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Enzyme Induction', 'Female', 'Gene Transfer Techniques', 'Graft Rejection', 'Graft Survival', 'Heart Transplantation', 'Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing)', 'Heme Oxygenase-1', 'Humans', 'Injections', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Inbred CBA', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Transplantation, Homologous']
| 10,653,390
|
[['B01.050'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G05.308.320.200'], ['E05.393.350'], ['G12.875.545.328'], ['G12.875.545.340'], ['E04.100.376.475', 'E04.928.220.390', 'E04.936.450.475'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.410'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.410.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530'], ['D12.776.543'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.440', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.440'], ['D12.644.541'], ['E04.936.864']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The well-being and mental health of male and female hospital doctors in Germany.
|
This study focuses on the associations between subjective well-being and mental health. In addition, gender differences are evaluated. The research was conducted as a cross-sectional online survey using a standardized questionnaire to assess physicians' mental health and well-being. Results have shown moderate scores for mental health and well-being in physicians. In general, male physicians perceive a better well-being and higher mental health score than female physicians. Well-being and mental health should be improved to increase physicians' work ability and subsequently, the quality of treatment and patient satisfaction. Mental health prevention should be more widely implemented in hospitals, and its awareness and early treatment should be encouraged. Mental health interventions might include modifying physicians' daily work schedules, providing curricula on mental health and offering training on the awareness of distress and well-being.
|
['Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Germany', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Medical Staff, Hospital', 'Mental Health', 'Personal Satisfaction', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 25,985,556
|
[['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.526.485.630.490', 'M01.526.485.740.422', 'N02.360.630.490', 'N02.360.740.422'], ['F02.418', 'N01.400.500'], ['F01.145.677'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Neuroinfectious diseases at a European neurological tertiary care center: one-third of patients require treatment in the neurological intensive care unit.
|
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Studies on the impact of infectious diseases affecting the nervous system are sparse.METHODS: All patients with neuroinfectious diseases (NIDs) who were treated at our Department of Neurology from 2005 until 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS: Patients with NIDs required treatment at the intensive care unit in 34.8%. The mortality rate of patients with NIDs was significantly higher than that of other inpatients with neurological diseases (5.1% vs. 3.0%, respectively, P = 0.018).CONCLUSION: In summary, this study shows that patients with NIDs are severely ill and mortality is high.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Central Nervous System Infections', 'Female', 'Germany', 'Humans', 'Intensive Care Units', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tertiary Care Centers', 'Young Adult']
| 24,506,319
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C01.207', 'C10.228.228'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.388.493'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['N02.278.421.830'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Infection with herpes simplex virus and cell-mediated immunity after marrow transplant.
|
The relationship between herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection and specific cell-mediated immunity was investigated in 141 patients before and for the first four months after marrow transplant. Sixty-two (82%) of 76 seropositive patients but only one of 65 seronegative patients developed HSV infection. Lymphocyte responses to HSV antigen were suppressed immediately after transplant and subsequently became reactive in those patients with HSV infection. The presence or absence of antibody to HSV in the donor before transplant did not influence the response. Seventy long-term survivors of marrow transplant were also studied. Among 60 patients who had pretransplant serum available for study, 26 (68%) of 38 who had been seropositive before transplant had positive responses compared with none of 22 who had been seronegative. Recovery of responsiveness to HSV antigen after marrow transplant is primarily related to recurrent virus infection and not to the pretransplant immune status of the donor.
|
['Antigens, Viral', 'Antilymphocyte Serum', 'Bone Marrow Transplantation', 'Concanavalin A', 'Graft vs Host Reaction', 'Herpes Simplex', 'Humans', 'Immunity, Cellular', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Phytohemagglutinins', 'Simplexvirus', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Transplantation, Homologous']
| 6,255,035
|
[['D23.050.327'], ['A12.207.152.846.500.203', 'D12.776.124.486.485.114.573.203', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.573.203', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.573.203', 'D20.215.401.203'], ['E02.095.147.725.040', 'E04.936.580.040'], ['D12.776.503.499.500', 'D12.776.765.678.500'], ['G12.875.402'], ['C01.925.256.466.382', 'C01.925.825.320', 'C17.800.838.790.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.450.050.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['D12.776.395.560.825', 'D12.776.503.499.750', 'D12.776.765.678.750'], ['B04.280.382.100.750'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['E04.936.864']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Performance of a halo ion trap mass analyzer with exit slits for axial ejection.
|
The halo ion trap (IT) was modified to allow for axial ion ejection through slits machined in the ceramic electrode plates rather than ejecting ions radially to a center hole in the plates. This was done to preserve a more uniform electric field for ion analysis. An in-depth evaluation of the higher-order electric field components in the trap was also performed to improve resolution. The linear, cubic and quintic (5th order) electric field components for each electrode ring inside the IT were calculated using SIMION (SIMION version 8, Scientific Instrument Services, Ringoes, NJ, USA) simulations. The preferred electric fields with higher-order components were implemented experimentally by first calculating the potential on each electrode ring of the halo IT and then soldering appropriate capacitors between rings without changing the original trapping plate design. The performance of the halo IT was evaluated for 1% to 7% cubic electric field (A (4)/A (2)) component. A best resolution of 280 (m/Äm) for the 51-Da fragment ion of benzene was observed with 5% cubic electric field component. Confirming results were obtained using toluene, dichloromethane, and heptane as test analytes.
|
['Algorithms', 'Ceramics', 'Heptanes', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Methylene Chloride', 'Miniaturization', 'Toluene']
| 21,472,596
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['J01.637.153'], ['D02.455.326.146.485'], ['E05.196.566'], ['D02.455.526.439.642'], ['J01.897.520'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.832']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Characteristics of smoking, drinking, dietary habits, and physical exercise in health behavioral models].
|
Various kinds of preventive health behaviors are promoted by health education. The extent of behavioral modification achieved, however, obviously differs from individual to individual according to habits, one of the reasons being the characteristics of various health habits are perceived differently. This cross-sectional study examined the association of indices representing health behavior models with smoking, drinking, dietary habits, and physical exercise. The indices and their meaning were as follows; health locus of control (HLC) and saliency of health are thought to cause the most active behavioral change, health norm relatively passive change, and vulnerability to illness the most passive change. The indices and lifestyle (health related practices) were surveyed by a self-administered questionnaire in a rural town in March 1994. The study sample consisted of 1,010 males and 1,055 females aged 20 years or older who responded to all questions related to the indices. Results are as follows: 1) Smoking and alcohol drinking were associated with vulnerability to illness, suggesting that people who quit smoking or alcohol drinking do so because of perception of their association with illness. Alcohol drinking seemed to have a higher magnitude of being associated with becoming ill or with fear of illness than smoking. 2) Consuming green-yellow vegetables and fresh fish, and physical fitness were associated with internal HLC, saliency of health, and health norm. These habits appeared to be easy to modify by active personal behavior choice. 3) Consuming milk, yogurt, boiled beans, tofu, oranges, and other fruits were associated with saliency of health. These habits seemed to relate to personal sense of being "healthy". 4) It seemed that younger people more likely changed their behavior by active self-management, while, older people changed due to their sense of value or norm. While it is important for health education to promote "self-management of health" by active behavioral change, certain habits are more resistant to change despite educational efforts possibly because of their characteristics in health behavioral models. For cases such as these, techniques promoting passive behavioral change should be considered.
|
['Adult', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Exercise', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Female', 'Health Behavior', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Psychological', 'Smoking']
| 8,835,014
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['F01.145.488'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.599.695'], ['F01.145.805']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Incidentally discovered pituitary lesions: high frequency of macroadenomas and hormone-secreting adenomas - results of a prospective study.
|
OBJECTIVE: With increasing use of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, pituitary adenomas are being discovered incidentally with increasing frequency. However, limited data are available concerning the clinical importance and natural history of such 'incicentalomas'. We have undertaken a prospective study to investigate changes in adenoma size and endocrine and visual function in patients with incidentally discovered intrasellar masses.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Our study included 67 patients with incidentalomas of the pituitary gland during a 5-year period (1992-96). 50 of these patients were followed up prospectively over a mean period of 2.7 years. Initially, all patients underwent endocrine testing and ophthalmological examinations as well as magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography scans. These investigations were repeated after 3 months and then annually.RESULTS: 42 (62.7%) out of 67 patients with incidentalomas had microadenomas whereas 37.3% had macroadenomas. Macroadenomas were found more frequently in men (52.2%). Visual field defects could be documented in 4.5% of the patients. Partial deficiency of anterior pituitary function was present in 14.9%. Eight patients (11.9%) had prolactinomas. An increase in adenoma size was detected in 3.2% of the microadenomas and in 26.3% of the macroadenomas within the follow-up period.CONCLUSION: Macroadenomas and hormone secreting adenomas are not uncommon in patients with pituitary incidentalomas. Macroadenomas should be closely monitored for tumour enlargement. All patients should undergo biochemical assessment and ophthalmological examination, since endocrine dysfunction or visual field defects may be present at the time a pituitary incidentaloma is detected.
|
['Adenoma', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Follicle Stimulating Hormone', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone', 'Humans', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor I', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pituitary Neoplasms', 'Prolactinoma', 'Prospective Studies', 'Thyrotropin', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Vision Disorders', 'Visual Fields']
| 10,469,480
|
[['C04.557.470.035'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.288', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.288', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.288'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['D06.472.699.327.740.320', 'D12.644.400.400.740.320', 'D12.644.456.460', 'D12.644.548.365.740.320', 'D12.776.631.650.405.740.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.157.420.270'], ['D12.644.276.937.400', 'D12.776.124.862.400', 'D12.776.467.937.400', 'D23.529.937.400'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.322.609', 'C04.588.614.250.195.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.211.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.617.477.600', 'C10.228.140.617.738.675', 'C10.551.240.250.700.500.500', 'C19.344.609', 'C19.700.734'], ['C04.557.470.035.625', 'C04.588.322.609.792', 'C10.228.140.617.738.675.800', 'C19.344.609.792', 'C19.700.734.792'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.883', 'D12.644.548.691.525.883'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['C10.597.751.941', 'C11.966', 'C23.888.592.763.941'], ['F02.463.593.932.934', 'G14.950']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Evaluating the efficacy of a program to enhance college students' self-regulation learning processes and learning strategies].
|
The present study examines the efficacy of a program designed to enhance college students'learning processes and study strategies. The program was organised around a number of letters written by a freshman, Gerv?sio (Ros?rio, N??ez, & Gonz?lez-Pienda, 2006), telling about his new experiences, troubles, and successes in the university. This intervention program is intended to promote a series of strategies (cognitive, meta-cognitive, and supportive) which allow students to manage their learning processes in a more proficient, successful, and autonomous way. The collected data suggest that students who had the opportunity to follow the program significantly improved their declarative knowledge about learning strategies, reduced their use of surface approaches to study, and extended the newly acquired skills to new and different tasks and assignments.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Attitude', 'Cognition', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Learning', 'Male', 'Program Development', 'Program Evaluation', 'Social Control, Informal', 'Social Facilitation', 'Students', 'Universities']
| 17,617,980
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100'], ['F02.463.188'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['N04.452.760'], ['E05.337.820', 'N04.761.685', 'N05.715.360.650'], ['I01.880.630'], ['F01.145.813.655'], ['M01.848'], ['I02.783.830', 'J03.832.830']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Detection of apoptosis-related factors and apoptotic cells in ameloblastomas: analysis by immunohistochemistry and an in situ DNA nick end-labelling method.
|
To clarify the possible role of apoptosis in odontogenic epithelium, apoptosis-related factors and apoptotic cells were examined by immunohistochemistry and an in situ DNA nick end-labelling method. Expression of bcl-2 protein was detected in both normal and neoplastic odontogenic epithelium, whereas expression of p53 protein was detected only in neoplastic but not in normal odontogenic epithelium. The prevalence of cases positive for Lewis(y) antigen in ameloblastomas was significantly lower than in enamel organs. Correlation between these factors and apoptotic cells presented by an in situ DNA nick end-labelling method was not clear. The number of apoptotic cells in ameloblastomas was significantly greater than in normal odontogenic epithelium, and apoptotic reactions in the granular cell type ameloblastoma tended to be more frequently detected than in other types of ameloblastomas. These results suggested that apoptotic cell death might play an important role in oncogenesis and/or tissue differentiation in odontogenic epithelium.
|
['Ameloblastoma', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell Count', 'Cell Death', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Coloring Agents', 'DNA, Neoplasm', 'Enamel Organ', 'Epithelium', 'Humans', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'In Situ Hybridization', 'Jaw Neoplasms', 'Lewis Blood Group Antigens', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2', 'Tooth Germ', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53']
| 9,385,580
|
[['C04.557.695.065'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['G04.146'], ['G04.152'], ['D27.720.233'], ['D13.444.308.425'], ['A14.549.167.900.720.265'], ['A10.272'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325', 'E05.393.661.475'], ['C04.588.149.721.450', 'C05.116.231.754.450', 'C05.500.499', 'C07.320.515'], ['D23.050.301.290.544', 'D23.050.705.230.544'], ['D12.644.360.075.718', 'D12.776.476.075.718', 'D12.776.624.664.700.169'], ['A14.549.167.900.720'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Spontaneous regression of pulmonary metastases from hypernephroma: report of a case and review of literature (author's transl)].
|
Until now there are reported some 60 cases of spontaneous regression of pulmonary metastases from hypernephroma. An own case is shown up: There was taken nephrectomy and following local radiation of hypernephroma in a 59 years old male patient in spite of pulmonary metastases. 8 months after operation these metastases had disappeared. There was no indication for any metastases in radiologic and scintigrafic examination even 4 years following up neither in lungs nor in other organ. The causality of hormones and autoantibodies - perphaps additionally stimulated by wound infection-in the phenomenon of spontaneous regression of pulmonary hypernephroma-metastases is discussed. According to the literature and to experience in an own case nephrectomy and following local radiation - possibly additional progesterone-therapy for one year - is recommended in hypernephroma even in case of pulmonary metastases.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplasm Regression, Spontaneous', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Radiotherapy, High-Energy', 'Time Factors']
| 412,043
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.945.947.535', 'C12.758.820.750', 'C12.777.419.473', 'C13.351.937.820.535', 'C13.351.968.419.473'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['C04.697.670', 'C23.550.727.670', 'G16.767.500'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E02.815.722'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Heterogeneity of juvenile hormone binding compounds in fat bodies of a cockroach.
|
Fat bodies of adult vitellogenic or non-vitellogenic females and those of adult males contain 2 populations of saturable JH binding compounds. The respective Kd vales are 2-5 x 10(-9) M and 1-4 x 10(-8) M. Fat bodies of penultimate nymphs, hemolymph of any animal, and midgut epithelia contain one saturable JH binder with a Kd of 1-5 x 10(-8) M. Unlabeled JH I and III, as well as the JH analog ZR-515 compete effectively for the binding sites in these tissues. The 2 classes of hormone binders were separated by DEAE ion-exchange column chromatography. The very high affinity molecules of the adult fat bodies are presumably the specific JH receptors which may function in translocation of the hormone to the nucleus. The compound with relatively lower hormone affinity may be the JH hemolymph carrier which is also produced by the fat bodies and then exported.
|
['Adipose Tissue', 'Animals', 'Binding, Competitive', 'Chromatography, Ion Exchange', 'Cockroaches', 'Fat Body', 'Female', 'Juvenile Hormones', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Receptors, Cell Surface']
| 6,276,244
|
[['A10.165.114'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.196.080', 'G02.111.084', 'G02.111.570.120.309'], ['E05.196.181.400.383'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.140'], ['A13.365'], ['D06.472.445.573.666'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D12.776.543.750']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
3D-finite element model of the human cochlea including fluid-structure couplings.
|
The propagation of acoustic waves in the inner ear in vivo could not be quantified completely yet. This is in particular true in conjunction with the micromechanical structures of the organ of Corti, though these data are important for the explanation and discussion of clinical measurements like otoacoustic emissions and auditory brainstem responses. To access these problems a three-dimensional mechanical model of the cochlea including the fluid-structure couplings is developed and evaluated numerically by finite elements. Although the complex cochlear partition is covered by passive mechanical elements, the results fit early experiments (1928), which studied the wave propagation in the cochlea with fresh human cadavers [G. von B?k?sy: Experiments in Hearing. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1960]. Additionally it is now easy to calculate the mechanical input impedance of the cochlea. These results agree with recent experiments [S.N. Merchant et al.: Hear Res 1996;97:30-45].
|
['Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Cochlea', 'Computer Simulation', 'Finite Element Analysis', 'Humans', 'Microradiography', 'Models, Biological', 'Perilymph', 'Pressure', 'Sound', 'Tomography, X-Ray']
| 10,529,652
|
[['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['A09.246.300.246'], ['L01.224.160'], ['E05.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.700.510'], ['E05.599.395'], ['A12.207.270.517.678'], ['G01.374.715'], ['G01.750.770.776'], ['E01.370.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Molecular basis of increased serum resistance among pulmonary isolates of non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae.
|
Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi), a common commensal of the human pharynx, is also an opportunistic pathogen if it becomes established in the lower respiratory tract (LRT). In comparison to colonizing isolates from the upper airway, LRT isolates, especially those associated with exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, have increased resistance to the complement- and antibody-dependent, bactericidal effect of serum. To define the molecular basis of this resistance, mutants constructed in a serum resistant strain using the mariner transposon were screened for loss of survival in normal human serum. The loci required for serum resistance contribute to the structure of the exposed surface of the bacterial outer membrane. These included loci involved in biosynthesis of the oligosaccharide component of lipooligosaccharide (LOS), and vacJ, which functions with an ABC transporter encoded by yrb genes in retrograde trafficking of phospholipids from the outer to inner leaflet of the cell envelope. Mutations in vacJ and yrb genes reduced the stability of the outer membrane and were associated with increased cell surface hyrophobicity and phospholipid content. Loss of serum resistance in vacJ and yrb mutants correlated with increased binding of natural immunoglobulin M in serum as well as anti-oligosaccharide mAbs. Expression of vacJ and the yrb genes was positively correlated with serum resistance among clinical isolates. Our findings suggest that NTHi adapts to inflammation encountered during infection of the LRT by modulation of its outer leaflet through increased expression of vacJ and yrb genes to minimize recognition by bactericidal anti-oligosaccharide antibodies.
|
['Blood Bactericidal Activity', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Genetic Variation', 'Haemophilus Infections', 'Haemophilus influenzae', 'Host-Pathogen Interactions', 'Humans', 'Immunity, Innate', 'Lung', 'Respiratory Tract Infections']
| 21,253,576
|
[['G09.188.100', 'G12.450.564.204'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['G05.365'], ['C01.150.252.400.700.433'], ['B03.440.450.600.450.330', 'B03.660.250.550.290.330'], ['G06.462', 'G16.527.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.450.564'], ['A04.411'], ['C01.748', 'C08.730']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Privatization and Psychoanalysis: The Impact of Neo-liberalism on Freud's Tool of Social Justice.
|
The paper outlines the historical links between psychoanalysis, social progressivism and the political Left. It then details the process by which those links were undone such that today psychoanalysis and mental health services in general are alienated from their radical roots. The paper posits this process of alienation is continued today via the neo-liberal phenomenon of privatization, which has profound implications for clients seeking mental health treatment especially those of minority status or who are economically oppressed. Today, access to effective mental health treatment is linked to one's economic status, and people of all class backgrounds seem less likely to receive mental health interventions that promote awareness of the oppressive political and economic forces they face. The paper includes two clinical vignettes illustrating the inequalities that are inherent to the privatized mental healthcare system. The paper calls for a return to the ideals and practices of the progressive psychoanalysis that defined the inter-war era of the last century.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Freudian Theory', 'Humans', 'Politics', 'Privatization', 'Psychoanalysis', 'Social Justice']
| 26,211,328
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F02.739.794.297'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.738'], ['N04.452.633.780'], ['F04.096.544.779'], ['I01.880.604.473.700', 'K01.752.566.479.830.750', 'N03.706.437.700', 'N05.350.958.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Release of arylsulfatase A but not B from rat mast cells by noncytolytic secretory stimuli.
|
The net percentage of release of arylsulfatase activity from purified rat mast cells induced by rabbit anti-rat F(ab')2 was consistently only about 1/3 that of histamine. Isoelectric focusing of the released and residual arylsulfatase activities demonstrated specific release of the A type without B and a net percentage of immunologic release of arylsulfatase A equivalent to that of histamine. When the net percentage of histamine and arylsulfatase A release were nearly maximal (88 and 76%) in response to the calcium ionophore A23187, specific release of arylsulfatase B did not occur. Thus, arylsulfatase A and not B was associated with the secretory granule released from the rat mast cell by reversed anaphylaxis or the calcium ionophore. In contrast, subcellular fractionation of water-lysed mast cells yielded arylsulfatase B with the heparin- and chymase-containing granule fraction and arylsulfatase A in the aqueous fraction comprised of cell sap and granule water eluate. It may be that arylsulfatase B resides in a minor second granule, whereas arylsulfatase A is loosely associated with the predominant secretory granule of the rat mast cell.
|
['Acetylglucosaminidase', 'Animals', 'Arylsulfatases', 'Calcimycin', 'Cytoplasmic Granules', 'Female', 'Heparin', 'Histamine', 'Histamine Release', 'Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments', 'Isoelectric Focusing', 'Male', 'Mast Cells', 'Rabbits', 'Rats', 'Sulfatases']
| 81,231
|
[['D08.811.277.450.483.180.500'], ['B01.050'], ['D08.811.277.352.827.070'], ['D03.633.100.221.173'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.500', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.190'], ['D09.698.373.400'], ['D02.092.211.215.501', 'D02.092.471.440', 'D03.383.129.308.373', 'D23.469.050.300'], ['G12.350'], ['D12.644.541.500.650', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680.650', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680.650', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680.650'], ['E05.196.401.663', 'E05.301.300.663'], ['A11.329.427', 'A15.382.652'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D08.811.277.352.827']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
pH sensitivity of chlorophyll fluorescence quenching is determined by the detergent/protein ratio and the state of LHCII aggregation.
|
Here we show how the protein environment in terms of detergent concentration/protein aggregation state, affects the sensitivity to pH of isolated, native LHCII, in terms of chlorophyll fluorescence quenching. Three detergent concentrations (200, 20 and 6ìM n-dodecyl â-d-maltoside) have been tested. It was found that at the detergent concentration of 6ìM, low pH quenching of LHCII is close to the physiological response to lumen acidification possessing pK of 5.5. The analysis has been conducted both using arbitrary PAM fluorimetry measurements and chlorophyll fluorescence lifetime component analysis. The second led to the conclusion that the 3.5ns component lifetime corresponds to an unnatural state of LHCII, induced by the detergent used for solubilising the protein, whilst the 2ns component is rather the most representative lifetime component of the conformational state of LHCII in the natural thylakoid membrane environment when the non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) was absent. The 2ns component is related to a pre-aggregated LHCII that makes it more sensitive to pH than the trimeric LHCII with the dominating 3.5ns lifetime component. The pre-aggregated LHCII displayed both a faster response to protons and a shift in the pK for quenching to higher values, from 4.2 to 4.9. We concluded that environmental factors like lipids, zeaxanthin and PsbS protein that modulate NPQ in vivo could control the state of LHCII aggregation in the dark that makes it more or less sensitive to the lumen acidification. This article is part of a special issue entitled: photosynthesis research for sustainability: keys to produce clean energy.
|
['Chlorophyll', 'Detergents', 'Fluorescence', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes', 'Photosystem II Protein Complex', 'Protein Conformation', 'Protein Multimerization']
| 24,321,504
|
[['D03.383.129.578.840.374', 'D03.633.400.909.374', 'D04.345.783.374'], ['D27.720.877.265', 'J01.516.381'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665.500', 'G01.590.540.665.500'], ['G02.300'], ['D05.500.562.488.490', 'D08.811.600.710.490', 'D12.776.543.930.500.490', 'D12.776.765.199.750.750.490'], ['D05.500.562.488.750', 'D08.811.600.710.750', 'D12.776.543.930.500.750', 'D12.776.765.199.750.750.750'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['G02.111.694']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A novel gene, CRR9, which was up-regulated in CDDP-resistant ovarian tumor cell line, was associated with apoptosis.
|
In the screening for cisplatin (CDDP)-resistance related genes by a mRNA differential display method, we detected some increased bands in CDDP resistant ovarian tumor cell line 2008/C13*5.25. One of them, named DD9, was a positive fragment on Northern blot analysis. We cloned it as a full length cDNA by 5'RACE and found a novel gene, CRR9 (Cisplatin Resistance Related gene 9). The CRR9 gene was transcribed into a 2.0 kb mRNA, encoding 512 amino acids. The putative protein had transmembrane-like domains and well conserved on C terminus with human CLPTM1 and the homologs found in Drosophila and C. elegans. Transfection assay showed that the CDDP-sensitive strain 2008 with CRR9 was more sensitive to CDDP, indicating that CRR9 was not associated with the CDDP-resistance, but the CDDP-induced apoptosis.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Apoptosis', 'Base Sequence', 'Blotting, Northern', 'Cisplatin', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Resistance, Neoplasm', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Humans', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Oligonucleotides, Antisense', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Transfection', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Up-Regulation']
| 11,162,647
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.196.401.095', 'E05.301.300.074', 'E05.601.100'], ['D01.210.375', 'D01.625.125', 'D01.710.100'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G07.690.773.984.395'], ['E05.393.332'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.543'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.624'], ['D13.150.480', 'D13.444.600.150.640', 'D13.695.578.424.480', 'D27.720.470.530.600.150.640'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D12.644.360.075.718', 'D12.776.476.075.718', 'D12.776.624.664.700.169'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['A11.251.860'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Using talking lights to assist brain-injured patients with daily inpatient therapeutic schedule.
|
OBJECTIVES: To test the ability of patients with brain injury to use a patient locator and minder (PLAM) system to assist in their adherence to therapy schedules.PARTICIPANTS: Five patients with acquired brain injury who were inpatients on an acute rehabilitation floor of a rehabilitation hospital.MEASURES: The number of human prompts necessary to direct a patient to, and ensure arrival at, a scheduled therapy destination and the proportion of therapy sessions requiring no prompting was measured both before and after the introduction of the PLAM system.RESULTS: With the PLAM system, the average number of human prompts dropped by more than 50%, and the number of sessions requiring no prompting increased from 7% to 44%.CONCLUSION: The PLAM system described in this article seems feasible and useful for patients with acquired brain injury in assisting them with arrival at their therapy destinations without the assistance of staff.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Appointments and Schedules', 'Brain Injuries', 'Cues', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Fluorescence', 'Hospital Units', 'Humans', 'Lighting', 'Microcomputers', 'Middle Aged', 'Pilot Projects', 'Regression Analysis', 'Rehabilitation Centers', 'Reminder Systems']
| 11,346,450
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['N04.452.095'], ['C10.228.140.199', 'C10.900.300.087', 'C26.915.300.200'], ['F02.463.425.234'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665.500', 'G01.590.540.665.500'], ['N02.278.388'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.230.150.410'], ['L01.224.230.260.550'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['N02.278.808'], ['L01.143.820', 'L01.313.500.750.300.790']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Distinct pattern of direct immunofluorescence in livedoid vasculopathy.
|
There are discrepancies in findings on direct immunofluorescence (DIF) examinations for livedoid vasculopathy. We sought to assess the usefulness of DIF examinations as an adjunct to the diagnosis of livedoid vasculopathy. Clinical data and findings on DIF examinations were retrospectively collected from our immunofluorescence laboratory database on 27 patients with a histopathologic diagnosis of livedoid vasculopathy made between July 2002 and December 2008. The patterns of DIF were analyzed. Positive depositions of immunoreactants were found in 100%. A characteristic pattern of homogenous vascular deposition in both superficial and deep blood vessels was present in 96% (26/27) of specimens. The percentages of various immunoreactants were as follows: fibrinogen, 100%; complement component 3, 96%; immunoglobulin M (IgM), 85%; immunoglobulin A, 48%; and immunoglobulin G, 7%. Fibrinogen and IgM were the brightest deposits. The distinctive pattern of strong homogenous deposition of fibrinogen, complement component 3, and IgM in the superficial and deep plexuses was present in most cases of livedoid vasculopathy. This pattern provides a useful clue to its diagnosis.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Biomarkers', 'Blood Vessels', 'Complement C3', 'Female', 'Fibrinogen', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin A', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Immunoglobulin M', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Skin', 'Skin Diseases, Vascular', 'Vasculitis', 'Young Adult']
| 20,075,710
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.101'], ['A07.015'], ['D12.776.124.050.140', 'D12.776.124.486.274.250'], ['D12.776.124.050.250', 'D12.776.124.125.500', 'D12.776.811.300', 'D23.119.490'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240.300', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240.300', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240.300', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240.300', 'E05.478.583.375.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.026', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.026', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.026'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.574', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.574', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.574'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['A17.815'], ['C17.800.862'], ['C14.907.940'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Sero-epidemiology of hepatitis A in black South African children.
|
A community-based sero-epidemiological survey was undertaken to determine the age-specific prevalence rates of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection in a representative sample of 782 urban black children aged from newborn to 13 years. Among children aged 0-5 months, the prevalence of anti-HAV was 68.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) 60.6-77.0%); this fell to a low of 2.5% (CI 0.1-4.9%) in those aged 6-11 months, implying the presence of maternal antibody in the first few months of life. By the age of 2 years, 51.2% (CI 45.7-56.7%) had anti-HAV, by age 4 the prevalence had risen to 81.4% (CI 75.5-87.3%) and by age 6, the prevalence of anti-HAV was almost 100% (CI 90.5-96.7%), reflecting the poor socio-economic and environmental conditions these children live in. The lowest prevalence of HAV infection among urban black South African children was during infancy, before the age at which the incidence rate rose sharply; e.g. 1 out of 5 children was already infected with HAV by its 2nd birthday. Vaccination in infancy will therefore have the biggest impact on the spread of HAV. However, before HAV vaccination in infancy is advocated, vaccine immunogenicity in infancy and the possible detrimental effect of maternal antibodies on the immunogenicity of the vaccine need clarification.
|
['African Americans', 'African Continental Ancestry Group', 'Age Distribution', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Hepatitis A', 'Hepatitis A Antibodies', 'Hepatitis Antibodies', 'Hepatovirus', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Prevalence', 'Seroepidemiologic Studies', 'South Africa']
| 8,191,332
|
[['M01.686.508.100.100', 'M01.686.754.100'], ['M01.686.508.100'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C01.925.440.420', 'C01.925.782.687.359.500', 'C06.552.380.705.422'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254.450.251', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254.450.251', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254.450.251'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254.450', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254.450', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254.450'], ['B04.450.420', 'B04.820.578.750.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.950', 'N05.715.360.330.500.950', 'N06.850.520.450.500.950'], ['Z01.058.290.175.735']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Effects of inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate on serum IgE levels and clinical symptoms in atopic asthma.
|
BACKGROUND: A high serum immunoglobulin (Ig)E level is considered a potent predictor for the development of asthma and IgE is targeted for treatment of asthma. Although inhaled corticosteroids are well established in the treatment of asthma, the effects of inhaled corticosteroids on serum IgE levels in asthma remain uncertain.METHODS: We therefore examined asthma symptoms, concentrations of total serum IgE and specific IgE antibodies to selected allergens, blood eosinophil counts and lung functions before and 3 months after treatment with either inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP; 800 microg/day) (n = 7) or inhaled beta2-agonists alone (n = 7) in patients with atopic asthma in a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group controlled trial.RESULTS: Inhaled BDP significantly improved asthma symptom scores and forced expiratory volume in 1 s, and decreased blood eosinophil counts, total serum IgE levels and specific IgE antibodies to house dust mite and cedar. Decreases in total serum IgE significantly correlated with an improvement in asthma symptom scores. In contrast, none of parameters altered in patients with atopic asthma treated with inhaled beta2-agonists alone.CONCLUSIONS: Inhaled corticosteroids may improve the subsequent clinical course of atopic asthma in association with a reduction of serum IgE levels.
|
['Administration, Inhalation', 'Adult', 'Asthma', 'Beclomethasone', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Eosinophils', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin E', 'Male']
| 10,202,343
|
[['E02.319.267.050'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.125', 'D04.210.500.883.154'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['A11.118.637.415.345', 'A11.627.340.345', 'A15.145.229.637.415.345', 'A15.382.490.315.251'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.312', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.312', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.312']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Molecular modeling of BAD complex resided in a mitochondrion integrating glycolysis and apoptosis.
|
BAD (Bcl-2 antagonist of cell death) and GK (glucokinase) reside in a mitochondrial complex together with PKA and PP1 catalytic units (PKAc and PP1c) and WAVE-1 that integrates glycolysis and apoptosis. Our research results reveal that BAD is phosphorylated and inactivated on Ser 75 in a BAD-Bcl-xL complex by PKA (targeted to mitochondria through association with WAVE1), resulting in the dissociation of BAD and its binding to GK. Moreover, GK can interact with PP1c and also distinguish WAVE1. On the other hand, BAD is dephosphorylated and activated on Ser75 by PP1c, leading to the separation of PKAc and its binding to the regulatory (R) subunit of PKA which by the dimerization domain of its R subunit connects with WAVE1 linked with GK of the complex. This may be the reason of the complex existing in liver mitochondria, regardless of phosphorylated and dephosphorylated BAD. Additionally, GK like PKA may also prevent Bcl-xL from rebinding to BAD by phosphorylating BAD at Ser 118. The BAD complex model reveals that BAD and GK play key roles because of BAD as a substrate for the PKA-PP1 pair and by BH3 domain directly interacting with GK. This is helpful for our development and research of the molecular mechanism of BAD integrating glycolysis and apoptosis.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Apoptosis', 'Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases', 'Glucokinase', 'Glycolysis', 'Humans', 'Liver', 'Mitochondria', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Multiprotein Complexes', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Phosphatase 1', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein Family', 'bcl-Associated Death Protein', 'bcl-X Protein']
| 20,540,951
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.150.125', 'D12.644.360.200.125', 'D12.776.476.200.125'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.250'], ['G02.111.158.750', 'G03.191.750', 'G03.295.436', 'G03.493.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.620'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['E05.599.595'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D05.500'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.625.687'], ['E05.393.751'], ['D05.750.078.730.912', 'D12.776.220.525.912'], ['D12.644.360.075.718.100', 'D12.776.476.075.718.100', 'D12.776.744.049'], ['D12.644.360.075.718.937', 'D12.776.476.075.718.875']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A polysomnographic and clinical report on sleep-related injury in 100 adult patients.
|
In 100 consecutive adults who came to a sleep disorders center complaining of repeated nocturnal injury, polysomnographic study identified five disorders: night terrors/sleepwalking (N = 54), REM sleep behavior disorder (N = 36), dissociative disorders (N = 7), nocturnal seizures (N = 2), and sleep apnea (N = 1). Ninety-five patients sustained ecchymoses, 30 had lacerations, and nine had fractures. DSM-III axis I disorders (past or current) were found in 48.1% of the group with night terrors/sleepwalking and in 30.6% of the group with REM sleep behavior disorder; these were mainly affective disorders. In these two groups, clonazepam controlled the symptoms of 51 of the 61 patients to whom it was given.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Clonazepam', 'Dissociative Disorders', 'Female', 'Humans', 'MMPI', 'Male', 'Mental Disorders', 'Middle Aged', 'Sleep', 'Sleep Apnea Syndromes', 'Sleep Wake Disorders', 'Sleep, REM', 'Somnambulism', 'Wounds and Injuries']
| 2,764,174
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D03.633.100.079.080.070.150'], ['F03.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.711.647.513.607'], ['F03'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F02.830.855', 'G11.561.803'], ['C08.618.085.852', 'C10.886.425.800.750'], ['C10.886', 'C23.888.592.796', 'F03.870'], ['F02.830.855.796.671', 'G11.561.803.754.671'], ['C10.886.659.635.700', 'F03.870.664.635.700'], ['C26']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Allele frequencies of 10 STR loci in Koreans.
|
Allele frequencies for the 10 STR loci, D6S1043, D9S925, D7S821, D4S2368, D21S2055, GATA193A07, D12S391, D10S2326, D15S822 and D18S51 were obtained from a sample of 217-310 unrelated Koreans. In this study, 2 out of the 10 loci did not meet Hardy-Weinberg expectation. The combined probability of identity for 10 loci tested was 4.93 x 10(-14).
|
['DNA Fingerprinting', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genetics, Population', 'Humans', 'Korea', 'Tandem Repeat Sequences']
| 15,013,178
|
[['E05.318.740.225.500.500', 'E05.393.290', 'I01.198.780.937.375', 'N04.452.910.099.750'], ['G05.330'], ['H01.158.273.343.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.557', 'Z01.586.407'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.800', 'G05.360.080.708.800', 'G05.360.340.024.850']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
An optimized molecular method for detection of influenza A virus using improved generic primers and concentration of the viral genomic RNA and nucleoprotein complex.
|
For reported primer sets used to detect influenza A viruses (IAVs), we verified the nucleotide identities with 9,103 complete sequences of matrix (M) genes. At best, only 93.2% and 85.3% of the sequences had a 100% match with reported forward and reverse primers, respectively. Therefore, we designed new degenerate forward and reverse primers with 100% identity to 94.4% and 96.2% of compared genes, respectively, and the primer set was used with SYBR-based reverse-transcription real-time PCR (SYBR-RT-rtPCR) for lower detection limits. The sensitivity of SYBR-RT-rtPCR with the new primers was 10-fold higher than that with a conventional method in ~2.37% of all M genes in the database used in our study. We successfully increased the sensitivity of SYBR-RT-rtPCR by concentrating the viral ribonucleoprotein (RNP) using immunomagnetic beads and Triton X-100. The improved generic primer set and RNP concentration method may be useful for sensitive detection of IAVs.
|
['Animals', 'DNA Primers', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Viral', 'Genomics', 'Influenza A virus', 'Nucleoproteins', 'RNA, Viral', 'Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 30,795,722
|
[['B01.050'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['G05.308.385'], ['H01.158.273.180.350', 'H01.158.273.343.350'], ['B04.820.480.968.405.400'], ['D12.776.664'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['E05.393.620.500.706'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Observation units: boom or bust for emergency medicine.
|
Observation units (OBS) are becoming a common addition to the emergency department. The diagnostic and socioeconomic categories of patients admitted to the OBS unit resemble those seen in the emergency department. There are many advantages and disadvantages in establishing such a unit. Although OBS units provide improved patient care, current difficulties in reimbursement may delay their widespread acceptance.
|
['Costs and Cost Analysis', 'Decision Making', 'Emergency Medical Services', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Hospital Design and Construction', 'Hospital Units', 'Humans', 'Insurance, Health, Reimbursement', 'Patient Advocacy', 'Quality Assurance, Health Care']
| 2,212,570
|
[['N03.219.151'], ['F02.463.785.373'], ['N02.421.297'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['J01.086.339.250', 'N02.278.200.403'], ['N02.278.388'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.480', 'N03.219.521.710'], ['I01.880.604.631', 'N03.706.678'], ['N04.761.700', 'N05.700']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Peer and teacher ratings of third- and fourth-grade children's social behavior as a function of early maternal employment.
|
BACKGROUND: One of the more controversial issues related to maternal employment in the United States concerns the timing of entry into the workforce and its effect on children, particularly during the first year of the child's life. Some studies show deleterious effects on children, such as increases in aggression and noncompliance, while others document few negative and even positive effects of early employment.METHODS: This study examined the long-term effects of maternal employment during the child's first year of life on the social behavior of 171 third- and fourth-grade children in two-parent families. The moderating effects of child gender and social class were investigated. The extent to which stability in alternative care arrangements statistically explained links between early maternal employment and child outcomes was tested.RESULTS: After controlling for child gender, and maternal ethnicity, social class, and current employment status, third- and fourth-grade children whose mothers were employed during their first year of life evinced more acting out and less frustration tolerance and were nominated more often by peers for 'hitting' and 'being mean' than children whose mothers were not employed. There was some evidence that these associations were moderated by child gender and social class: boys, but not girls, whose mothers were employed during the first year were subsequently rated by teachers as acting out more than other children, and were also more likely to be nominated by peers for hitting. Higher nominations for hitting were only found in the working class. Finally, there was partial evidence that the number of alternative child-care arrangements during the first year accounted for the links between early maternal employment and subsequent child outcomes.CONCLUSIONS: These results are congruent with extant research that posits a risk of early employment on socioemotional development, but show that this risk is partially attributable to child-care instability.
|
['Affect', 'Child', 'Child Behavior Disorders', 'Child Care', 'Employment', 'Ethnic Groups', 'Faculty', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mothers', 'Observer Variation', 'Peer Group', 'Social Behavior', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Time Factors']
| 12,751,841
|
[['F01.470.047'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F03.625.141'], ['I01.880.787.293.360', 'N02.421.088'], ['N01.824.245'], ['M01.686.754', 'N01.224.317'], ['M01.526.702.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.263.500.320.200', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340.270', 'M01.620.630'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['F01.829.316.483'], ['F01.145.813'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of some psychotropic drugs on the b-wave of the electroretinogram in isolated rabbit retina.
|
The role of dopaminergic and cholinergic functions in the genesis of an electroretinogram is unclear. The present study was carried out to elucidate the direct actions of some psychotropic drugs in isolated rabbit retinas. Methamphetamine and apomorphine decreased dose-dependently the b-wave amplitude at a dose of 10(-7)-10(-5) g/ml. On the other hand, chlorpromazine and haloperidol, as well as atropine and amitriptyline, increased dose-dependently the b-wave amplitude at the same dose range. These data support the idea that dopaminergic and cholinergic systems play an important role in the genesis of the ERG.
|
['Animals', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Electroretinography', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Psychotropic Drugs', 'Rabbits', 'Retina']
| 3,367,551
|
[['B01.050'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E01.370.380.225', 'E01.370.405.270'], ['E05.481'], ['D27.505.954.427.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['A09.371.729']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Recurrent type B intramural hematoma progressed into type A acute aortic dissection in a young otherwise healthy woman: are there unknown background factors?
|
Intramural hematoma is reported with increasing frequency but the recurrence after complete resolution is rarely reported. We herewith describe a case of type B intramural hematoma in an otherwise healthy 39-year-old woman showing unusual clinical course in which acute aortic dissection developed three months after complete resolution of intramural hematoma. The case clearly reminded us of the potential of intramural hematoma for recurrence and progression to frank aortic dissection even after complete resolution.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'Aneurysm, Dissecting', 'Antihypertensive Agents', 'Aortic Aneurysm', 'Aortic Diseases', 'Aortography', 'Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Hematoma', 'Humans', 'Recurrence', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 17,669,834
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C14.907.055.050'], ['D27.505.954.411.162'], ['C14.907.055.239', 'C14.907.109.139'], ['C14.907.109'], ['E01.370.350.700.060.070', 'E01.370.370.050.070'], ['E04.100.814.868.500', 'E04.650.200'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['C23.550.414.838'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Genome-wide association to body mass index and waist circumference: the Framingham Heart Study 100K project.
|
BACKGROUND: Obesity is related to multiple cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors as well as CVD and has a strong familial component. We tested for association between SNPs on the Affymetrix 100K SNP GeneChip and measures of adiposity in the Framingham Heart Study.METHODS: A total of 1341 Framingham Heart Study participants in 310 families genotyped with the Affymetrix 100K SNP GeneChip had adiposity traits measured over 30 years of follow up. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), weight change, height, and radiographic measures of adiposity (subcutaneous adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue, waist circumference, sagittal height) were measured at multiple examination cycles. Multivariable-adjusted residuals, adjusting for age, age-squared, sex, smoking, and menopausal status, were evaluated in association with the genotype data using additive Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) and Family Based Association Test (FBAT) models. We prioritized mean BMI over offspring examinations (1-7) and cohort examinations (10, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26) and mean WC over offspring examinations (4-7) for presentation. We evaluated associations with 70,987 SNPs on autosomes with minor allele frequencies of at least 0.10, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium p > or = 0.001, and call rates of at least 80%.RESULTS: The top SNPs to be associated with mean BMI and mean WC by GEE were rs110683 (p-value 1.22*10(-7)) and rs4471028 (p-values 1.96*10(-7)). Please see http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/gap/cgi-bin/study.cgi?id=phs000007 webcite for the complete set of results. We were able to validate SNPs in known genes that have been related to BMI or other adiposity traits, including the ESR1 Xba1 SNP, PPARG, and ADIPOQ.CONCLUSION: Adiposity traits are associated with SNPs on the Affymetrix 100K SNP GeneChip. Replication of these initial findings is necessary. These data will serve as a resource for replication as more genes become identified with BMI and WC.
|
['Adiposity', 'Adult', 'Body Mass Index', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Genetic Markers', 'Genome, Human', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Phenotype', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Wrist']
| 17,903,300
|
[['E01.370.600.115.100.062.500', 'G02.111.130.134.500', 'G03.180.134.500', 'G07.100.049.134.500'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['C14'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['D23.101.387', 'G05.695.450'], ['G05.360.340.350'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.695'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['A01.378.800.875']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Dietary copper-fructose interactions alter gut microbial activity in male rats.
|
Dietary copper-fructose interactions contribute to the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Gut microbiota play critical roles in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different dietary doses of copper and their interactions with high fructose on gut microbiome. Male weanling Sprague-Dawley rats were fed diets with adequate copper (6 ppm CuA), marginal copper (1.5 ppm CuM) (low copper), or supplemented copper (20 ppm CuS) (high copper) for 4 wk. Deionized water or deionized water containing 30% fructose (wt/vol) was given ad libitum. Copper status, liver enzymes, gut barrier function, and gut microbiome were evaluated. Both low- and high-copper diets led to liver injury in high-fructose-fed rats, and this was associated with gut barrier dysfunction, as shown by the markedly decreased tight junction proteins and increased gut permeability. 16S rDNA sequencing analysis revealed distinct alterations of the gut microbiome associated with dietary low- and high-copper/high-fructose feeding. The common features of the alterations of the gut microbiome were the increased abundance of Firmicutes and the depletion of Akkermansia. However, they differed mainly within the phylum Firmicutes. Our data demonstrated that a complex interplay among host, microbes, and dietary copper-fructose interaction regulates gut microbial metabolic activity, which may contribute to the development of liver injury and hepatic steatosis. The distinct alterations of gut microbial activity, which were associated with the different dietary doses of copper and fructose, imply that separate mechanism(s) may be involved. NEW & NOTEWORTHY First, dietary low- and high-copper/high-fructose-induced liver injury are associated with distinct alterations of gut microbiome. Second, dietary copper level plays a critical role in maintaining the gut barrier integrity, likely by acting on the intestinal tight junction proteins and the protective commensal bacteria Akkermansia. Third, the alterations of gut microbiome induced by dietary low and high copper with or without fructose differ mainly within the phylum Firmicutes.
|
['Animals', 'Bacteria', 'Copper', 'Dietary Sugars', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Dysbiosis', 'Fructose', 'Gastrointestinal Microbiome', 'Host-Pathogen Interactions', 'Ileum', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease', 'Pancreatitis-Associated Proteins', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Tight Junction Proteins']
| 29,025,734
|
[['B01.050'], ['B03'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['D09.301.831', 'D09.947.500', 'G07.203.300.362.831', 'J02.500.362.831'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['C23.550.308'], ['D09.947.875.359.250', 'D09.947.875.465.354'], ['G06.591.375', 'G16.500.275.157.049.100.500.375', 'N06.230.124.049.100.500.250'], ['G06.462', 'G16.527.200'], ['A03.556.124.684.249', 'A03.556.249.124'], ['A03.620'], ['C06.552.241.519'], ['D12.776.503.280.578', 'D23.050.285.733', 'D23.101.140.780'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.543.940']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Nutritional stress of adult female tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae) affects the susceptibility of their offspring to trypanosomal infections.
|
The epidemiology of tsetse-transmitted trypanosomiasis depends, among other factors, on the proportion of infected flies in a tsetse population. A wide range of intrinsic and extrinsic factors seem to determine the ability of a tsetse fly to become infected and to transmit the parasite. In this paper, we investigated the effect of nutritional stress of reproducing female Glossina morsitans morsitans on the susceptibility of their offspring to trypanosomal infections. Adult female flies that were nutritionally stressed by feeding only once a week, produced pupae with a significant lower weight and offspring with a significant lower fat content as well as a lower baseline immune peptide gene expression. Moreover, infection experiments showed that the emerging teneral flies were significantly more susceptible to a Trypanosoma congolense or Trypanosoma brucei brucei infection than flies emerging from non-starved adult females. These findings suggest that in the field, substantial nutritional stress of adult tsetse flies, as is often experienced during the hot dry season, can increase significantly the vectorial capacity of the emerging teneral flies and thus result in an increased infection rate of the tsetse population.
|
['Animals', 'Disease Susceptibility', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Female', 'Trypanosoma brucei brucei', 'Trypanosoma congolense', 'Trypanosomiasis', 'Tsetse Flies']
| 19,445,895
|
[['B01.050'], ['C23.550.291.687', 'G07.100.250'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['B01.268.475.868.887.080'], ['B01.268.475.868.887.128'], ['C01.610.752.300.900'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.400.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Fetal plasma concentrations after intraamniotic sufentanil in chronically instrumented pregnant sheep.
|
BACKGROUND: Rapid progress is being made in fetal surgery. Because the fetus is capable of pain perception after the 26th week of gestation, adequate postoperative fetal pain management is essential. The preferred approach would provide fetal analgesia without affecting the mother. Intraamniotically administered sufentanil may be an interesting option if it achieves therapeutic plasma concentrations (PCs) in the fetus but not the mother.METHODS: After approval of the study, 25 or 50 microg sufentanil was administered intraamniotically in 10 chronically instrumented pregnant ewes. Maternal and fetal vital signs, arterial blood gases, and uterine blood flow were recorded over 120 min. Sufentanil PCs were determined before and 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min after injection. Statistical analysis was performed using one- or two-way analysis of variance followed by Dunnett or Tukey test, as appropriate (P < 0.05; data presented as median [95% confidence interval]).RESULTS: After 25 microg sufentanil, fetal PC stabilized at 134 +/- 89 pg/ml (after 10 min), and maternal PCs stabilized at 44 +/- 11 pg/ml (after 15 min). After 50 microg sufentanil, fetal PCs stabilized at 134 +/- 35 pg/ml (after 15 min), and maternal PCs reached 80 +/- 25 pg/ml (at 30 min). Injection of 25 microg sufentanil intraamniotically did not affect maternal or fetal hemodynamics, uterine blood flow, or arterial blood gases. Fetal heart rate increased after administration of 50 microg sufentanil (maximum change at 10 min: +16 +/- 12%).CONCLUSION: The sheep fetus absorbs sufentanil after intraamniotic instillation. Significantly greater PCs were obtained in the fetal lamb as compared with the ewe. This suggests that investigation of intraamniotic opioids for fetal analgesia might be worthwhile.
|
['Amnion', 'Analgesics, Opioid', 'Animals', 'Blood Gas Analysis', 'Female', 'Fetus', 'Hemodynamics', 'Injections', 'Pregnancy', 'Regional Blood Flow', 'Sheep', 'Sufentanil', 'Uterus']
| 12,766,649
|
[['A10.615.284.277', 'A16.254.750.277'], ['D27.505.696.277.600.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.760.500', 'D27.505.954.427.040.550.500', 'D27.505.954.427.210.600.500'], ['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.100', 'E01.370.386.700.100', 'E05.200.124.100.100'], ['A16.378'], ['G09.330.380'], ['E02.319.267.530'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G09.330.100.780'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['D03.383.621.265.900'], ['A05.360.319.679']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Placental and fetal disposition of mercuric ions in rats exposed to methylmercury: role of Mrp2.
|
Methylmercury is a prevalent environmental toxicant that can have deleterious effects on a developing fetus. Previous studies indicate that the multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Mrp2) is involved in renal and hepatic export of mercuric ions. Therefore, we hypothesize that Mrp2 is also involved in export of mercuric ions from placental trophoblasts and fetal tissues. To test this hypothesis, we assessed the disposition of mercuric ions in pregnant Wistar and TR(-) (Mrp2-deficient) rats exposed to a single dose of methylmercury. The amount of mercury in renal tissues (cortex and outer stripe of outer medulla), liver, blood, amniotic fluid, uterus, placentas and fetuses was significantly greater in TR(-) rats than in Wistar rats. Urinary and fecal elimination of mercury was greater in Wistar dams than in TR(-) dams. Thus, our findings suggest that Mrp2 may be involved in the export of mercuric ions from maternal and fetal organs following exposure to methylmercury.
|
['ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters', 'Amniotic Fluid', 'Animals', 'Environmental Pollutants', 'Feces', 'Female', 'Fetus', 'Kidney', 'Liver', 'Mercury', 'Methylmercury Compounds', 'Placenta', 'Pregnancy', 'Rats', 'Rats, Mutant Strains', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Uterus']
| 23,059,061
|
[['D12.776.157.530.100', 'D12.776.395.550.020', 'D12.776.543.550.192', 'D12.776.543.585.100'], ['A12.098', 'A16.378.149'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.888.284'], ['A12.459'], ['A16.378'], ['A05.810.453'], ['A03.620'], ['D01.268.556.504', 'D01.268.956.437', 'D01.552.544.504'], ['D02.691.750.100.738'], ['A16.710'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['A05.360.319.679']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance findings in repaired anomalous left coronary artery to pulmonary artery connection (ALCAPA).
|
BACKGROUND: Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a rare coronary artery anomaly. This study shows the role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in assessing young patients following surgical repair of ALCAPA.METHODS: 6 patients, aged 9-21 years, with repaired ALCAPA (2 Tackeuchi method, 4 direct re-implantation) underwent CMR because of clinical suspicion of myocardial ischemia. Imaging used short and long axis cine images (assess ventricular function), late-gadolinium enhancement (LGE) (detect segmental myocardial fibrosis), adenosine stress perfusion (detect reversible ischaemia) and 3D whole-heart imaging (visualize proximal coronary arteries).RESULTS: The left ventricular (LV) global systolic function was preserved in all patients (mean LV ejection fraction = 62.7% ± 4.23%). The LV volumes were within the normal ranges, (mean indexed LVEDV = 75.4 ± 3.5 ml/m², LVESV = 31.6 ± 9.4 ml/m²). In 1 patient, hypokinesia of the anterior segments was visualized. Five patients showed sub-endocardial LGE involving the basal, antero-lateral wall and the anterior papillary muscle. Three patients had areas of reversible ischemia. In these 3, 3D whole-heart MRA showed that the proximal course of the left coronary artery was occluded (confirmed with cardiac catheterisation).CONCLUSIONS: CMR is a good, non-invasive, radiation-free investigation in the post-surgical evaluation of ALCAPA. In referred patients we show that basal, antero-lateral sub-endocardial myocardial fibrosis is a characteristic finding. Furthermore, stress adenosine CMR perfusion, can identify reversible ischemia in this group, and was indicative of left coronary artery occlusion.
|
['Adolescent', 'Cardiac Catheterization', 'Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Child', 'Contrast Media', 'Coronary Circulation', 'Coronary Vessel Anomalies', 'Coronary Vessels', 'Female', 'Fibrosis', 'Humans', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine', 'Male', 'Meglumine', 'Myocardial Ischemia', 'Myocardial Perfusion Imaging', 'Myocardium', 'Organometallic Compounds', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Pulmonary Artery', 'Replantation', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Stroke Volume', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Ventricular Function, Left', 'Young Adult']
| 21,575,211
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E01.370.370.380.140', 'E02.148.442', 'E05.157.250'], ['E04.100.376', 'E04.928.220'], ['M01.060.406'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['G09.330.100.324'], ['C14.240.400.210', 'C14.280.400.210', 'C16.131.240.400.210'], ['A07.015.114.269', 'A07.015.908.194'], ['C23.550.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['E01.370.350.825.500.510'], ['D02.033.800.813.550', 'D09.067.342.600', 'D09.853.813.550'], ['C14.280.647', 'C14.907.585'], ['E01.370.350.130.875', 'E01.370.350.710.600.500', 'E01.370.370.380.500', 'E01.370.384.730.354.500'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['D02.691'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['A07.015.114.715'], ['E04.936.494'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.370.370.380.150.700', 'G09.330.380.124.882'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['G09.330.955.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Removal of Acid Blue25 from aqueous solutions using Bengal gram fruit shell (BGFS) biomass.
|
The feasibility for the removal of Acid Blue25 (AB25) by Bengal gram fruit shell (BGFS), an agricultural by-product, has been investigated as an alternative for high-cost adsorbents. The impact of various experimental parameters such as dose, different dye concentration, solution pH, and temperature on the removal of Acid Blue25 (AB25) has been studied under the batch mode of operation. pH is a significant impact on the sorption of AB25 onto BGFS. The maximum removal of AB25 was achieved at a pH of 2 (83.84%). The optimum dose of biosorbent was selected as 200 mg for the removal of AB25 onto BGFS. Kinetic studies reveal that equilibrium reached within 180 minutes. Biosorption kinetics has been described by Lagergren equation and biosorption isotherms by classical Langmuir and Freundlich models. Equilibrium data were found to fit well with the Langmuir and Freundlich models, and the maximum monolayer biosorption capacity was 29.41 mg g-1 of AB25 onto BGFS. The kinetic studies indicated that the pseudo-second-order (PSO) model fitted the experimental data well. In addition, thermodynamic parameters have been calculated. The biosorption process was spontaneous and exothermic in nature with negative values of ÄG° (-1.6031 to -0.1089 kJ mol-1) and ÄH° (-16.7920 kJ mol-1). The negative ÄG° indicates the feasibility of physical biosorption process. The results indicate that BGFS could be used as an eco-friendly and cost-effective biosorbent for the removal of AB25 from aqueous solution.
|
['Adsorption', 'Anthraquinones', 'Biodegradation, Environmental', 'Biomass', 'Cicer', 'Coloring Agents', 'Fruit', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 27,739,901
|
[['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.117.159', 'D02.806.100', 'D04.615.117.159'], ['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['G16.500.275.157.100', 'N06.230.124.100'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.150'], ['D27.720.233'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Endometrial expression of selected transcripts involved in prostaglandin synthesis in cows with endometritis.
|
Several cytokines and prostaglandins play an important role in preparing the endometrium for implantation and mediating pro-inflammatory events. The aim of the present study was to examine mRNA expression of interleukin 1alpha (IL-1alpha), interleukin receptor antagonist (IL-1-RN), cytosolic prostaglandin E synthase (cPGES), microsomal PGES (mPGES-1 and mPGES-2) and lipocalin-type PGDS (L-PGDS) in the bovine endometrium. Endometrial epithelium samples were collected ex vivo from cows with different status of health at day 21-27 postpartum on a dairy farm. Three groups (n=9 animals each) were defined: (1) healthy cows with no signs of endometritis (control group), (2) cows with subclinical endometritis, and (3) cows with signs of clinical endometritis. Oestrous cycle-dependent mRNA expression pattern was investigated using bovine endometrial epithelial cells from healthy uteri collected at the abattoir. These uteri were classified into post-ovulatory, early-to-mid luteal, late luteal or pre-ovulatory phase (n=8 animals for each cycle phase). After collecting endometrial epithelium using the cytobrush-method, mRNA analysis was performed by real-time RT-PCR. L-PGDS, IL-1alpha and IL-1-RN mRNA were expressed significantly higher (P<0.05) in the endometrium of cows with subclinical or clinical endometritis compared with healthy cows. A twofold lower cPGES mRNA expression (P<0.05) was detected in cows with subclinical endometritis compared to healthy cows. L-PGDS and IL-1-RN mRNA expression was increased (P<0.05) after ovulation compared with the pre-ovulatory or luteal phase, respectively. These results support the hypothesis that a dys-regulated cytokine and/or prostaglandin profile in the uterus could be induced by subclinical endometritis or clinical endometritis.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Cattle Diseases', 'Cytosol', 'Endometritis', 'Endometrium', 'Epithelium', 'Estrous Cycle', 'Female', 'Gene Expression', 'Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein', 'Interleukin-1alpha', 'Intramolecular Oxidoreductases', 'Lipocalins', 'Microsomes', 'Postpartum Period', 'Prostaglandin-E Synthases', 'Prostaglandins', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction']
| 19,162,311
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['C22.196'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['C13.351.500.056.750.249', 'C13.351.500.852.299'], ['A05.360.319.679.490'], ['A10.272'], ['G08.686.195'], ['G05.297'], ['D12.644.276.374.460', 'D12.776.467.374.460', 'D23.529.374.460'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010.300', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400.300', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010.300', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400.300', 'D23.529.374.465.131.300', 'D23.529.374.500.400.300'], ['D08.811.399.475'], ['D12.776.157.469'], ['A11.284.835.540'], ['G08.686.702'], ['D08.811.399.475.600'], ['D10.251.355.255.550', 'D23.469.050.175.725'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.393.620.500.725']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The Relationship Between Circulating Acetaminophen-Protein Adduct Concentrations and Alanine Aminotransferase Activities in Patients With and Without Acetaminophen Overdose and Toxicity.
|
INTRODUCTION: Measurement of serum acetaminophen-protein adducts (APAP-CYS) has been suggested to support or refute a diagnosis of acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity when ingestion histories are unreliable or unavailable and when circulating APAP concentrations are low or undetectable. Non-APAP overdose patients commonly have used APAP products in non-toxic quantities and, thus, will have measurable APAP-CYS concentrations, even when hepatic injury results from other causes, such as ischemic hepatitis. The relationship between alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity and APAP-CYS concentration might assist in distinguishing between toxic and non-toxic APAP doses in patients suspected of drug overdose.METHODS: We measured serial levels of serum APAP-CYS and ALT activities in 500 overdose patients in whom APAP toxicity was suspected on inpatient admission, but who were then classified at time of discharge and before results of APAP-CYS concentrations were available into three groups: 1) definite APAP group; 2) definitely not APAP group; and 3) indeterminate group. Subjects in the definite and definitely not APAP groups were selected in whom a plasma ALT activity was measured within ± 4 h of a serum APAP-CYS concentration. Regressions with correlation coefficients between APAP-CYS and ALT were calculated for repeat measures in the 335 subjects (908 blood samples) in the definite APAP group and 79 subjects (231 samples) in the definitely not APAP group, with an emphasis on APAP-CYS concentrations and calculation of 95% prediction intervals when ALT was ? 1000 IU/L.RESULTS: A strong correlation was found between APAP-CYS and ALT in the definite APAP group over all ALT activities (r = 0.93, p < 0.001; N = 335), and when ALT was > 1000 IU/L (r = 0.82, p < 0.001, N = 144). In the 79 definitely not APAP subjects, no significant correlation was found when ALT exceeded 1000 IU/L (r = 0.04; p = 0.84, N = 32). All subjects in the definitely not APAP group displayed APAP-CYS concentrations < 3 ìM. In definitely not APAP subjects, the great majority of APAP-CYS levels were below the 95% prediction interval for APAP-CYS concentrations in definite APAP group subjects when ALT was ? 1000 IU/L. However, some definitely not APAP group subjects who had ingested non-toxic doses of APAP displayed APAP-CYS concentrations as high as 2.8 ìM in the face of ALT elevation from ischemic hepatitis.CONCLUSION: The interpretation of serum APAP-CYS concentrations must always be made in light of detailed clinical information and the population being tested, especially because of some overlap in APAP-CYS levels in subjects with and without APAP toxicity.
|
['Acetaminophen', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Alanine Transaminase', 'Blood Proteins', 'Drug Overdose', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Young Adult']
| 30,980,348
|
[['D02.065.199.092.040', 'D02.092.146.113.092.040'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D08.811.913.477.700.100'], ['D12.776.124'], ['C25.775.383', 'E02.319.306.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Vision screening at 8 and 18 months. Steering Committee of Oxford Region Child Development Project.
|
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of an existing screening programme based in the community for ocular and vision defects in infants considered at increased risk of such defects.DESIGN: Children with ocular or vision defect by the age of 2 were ascertained by searching records. Those from populations at high risk were matched with their results from screening tests. The characteristics of the cases among this population were compared with those of the cases in the remainder of the population. Patterns of referral and age at referral were studied in both groups.SETTING: The study was conducted within Oxfordshire Health District.SUBJECTS: 433 Children at high risk born in 1984 to mothers living in the health district at delivery and who either weighed less than 2000 g or weighed 2000 g and over and required admission to a special care nursery for longer than 24 hours. The low risk population (6254) were infants without these characteristics who were resident in the health district at the time of referral.INTERVENTIONS: Screening tests for vision or ocular defects already routinely used were applied by health visitors at 8 and 18 months to the children at high risk.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Comparison of results of screening tests with vision and ocular defects detected by the age of 2.RESULTS: Screening tests in current use for vision loss and squint in this age group were insensitive and had a low positive predictive value when applied to a high risk population. Defects that were not apparent on direct inspection were unlikely to be detected by these tests. In the high risk group the relative risk of having a defect was 2.8 (95% confidence interval 1.8 to 4.5) but 85% of all cases detected by the age of 2 were in children at low risk. Referral patterns and age of referral differed in the two groups.CONCLUSIONS: Screening by health visitors of high risk populations contributes little to the detection of vision and ocular defects. This type of evaluation needs to be applied also to low risk populations, who have different referral patterns and contribute most of the cases.
|
['Age Factors', 'Birth Weight', 'England', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Risk Factors', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Vision Disorders', 'Vision Screening']
| 2,507,064
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['C23.888.144.186', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.186', 'E05.041.124.160.750.149', 'G07.100.100.160.120.186', 'G07.345.249.314.120.186'], ['Z01.542.363.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['C10.597.751.941', 'C11.966', 'C23.888.592.763.941'], ['E01.370.380.850.900', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580.925', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500.825', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580.925', 'N06.850.780.500.950']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Prevalence of genital mycoplasmas in asymptomatic male partners of women diagnosed as having chlamydial infections.
|
We examined 209 asymptomatic male partners of women diagnosed as having chlamydial infections for the prevalence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, and Ureaplasma parvum in their first-voided urine (FVU) by nucleic acid amplification tests. Quantification of leukocytes in FVU was performed by automated urine particle analyzers. Two (1.0%) men were positive for N. gonorrhoeae, and 92 (44.0%) were positive for C. trachomatis. In men negative for these pathogens, prevalences of M. genitalium, M. hominis, U. urealyticum, and U. parvum were 0.9%, 29.6%, 27.8%, and 20.1%, respectively, and 58.3% were positive for at least one species of the genital mycoplasmas. Leukocyte counts in FVU from 92 men positive for C. trachomatis were significantly greater than those from 115 men negative for C. trachomatis (p < 0.0001). However, there was no significant difference in leukocyte counts between 66 men positive for at least one species of M. hominis, U. urealyticum, and U. parvum and 48 men negative for all the species (p = 0.1657). The present population of asymptomatic male partners of women diagnosed as having chlamydial infections showed a low prevalence of M. genitalium infections but would be at high risk of being infected by the other genital mycoplasmas. However, it was still unclear whether these genital mycoplasmas would contribute to the development of inflammation of the male urethra. When these partners are negative for C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae, the recommendation to presumptively treat them to disrupt transmission networks of the genital mycoplasmas would seem premature.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Chlamydia trachomatis', 'Female', 'Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections', 'Humans', 'Japan', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neisseria gonorrhoeae', 'Prevalence', 'Sexual Partners', 'Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Bacterial', 'Ureaplasma', 'Young Adult']
| 24,486,047
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B03.440.190.190.190.750'], ['C01.150.252.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['B03.440.400.425.550.550.474', 'B03.660.075.525.520.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['M01.778'], ['C01.150.252.734', 'C01.221.812.281', 'C01.778.281', 'C12.294.668.281', 'C13.351.500.711.281', 'C23.550.291.531.937.281'], ['B03.440.860.580.553.900'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Stable-isotope selected-ion monitoring quantification of methylmalonic acid in dried filter-paper urine samples.
|
Urea and creatinine were measured by Kodak Ektachem methods and methylmalonic acid by stable-isotope gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in 24 urine samples from patients with methylmalonic acidaemia. For each sample analyses were performed both directly on the liquid urine and on an aliquot which had been blotted onto filter paper and dried. There was good correlation between the methylmalonate/creatinine ratios in liquid and dried urine (r2 = 0.983). Urine dried on filter paper can be used advantageously for monitoring treatment in patients with this disorder.
|
['Deuterium', 'Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry', 'Humans', 'Metabolism, Inborn Errors', 'Methylmalonic Acid', 'Paper']
| 8,892,020
|
[['D01.268.406.500', 'D01.362.340.500', 'D01.496.289'], ['E05.196.181.349.500', 'E05.196.566.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C16.320.565', 'C18.452.648'], ['D02.241.081.337.540.500'], ['J01.637.650']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
BIODOSIMETRY AND BIODOSIMETRY NETWORKS FOR MANAGING RADIATION EMERGENCY.
|
Biological dosimetry enables individual dose reconstruction in the case of unclear or inconsistent radiation exposure situations, especially when a direct measurement of ionizing radiation is not or is no longer possible. To be prepared for large-scale radiological incidents, networking between well-trained laboratories has been identified as a useful approach for provision of the fast and trustworthy dose assessments needed in such circumstances. To this end, various biodosimetry laboratories worldwide have joined forces and set up regional and/or nationwide networks either on a formal or informal basis. Many of these laboratories are also a part of global networks such as those organized by World Health Organization, International Atomic Energy Agency or Global Health Security Initiative. In the present report, biodosimetry networks from different parts of the world are presented, and the partners, activities and cooperation actions are detailed. Moreover, guidance for situational application of tools used for individual dosimetry is given.
|
['Disaster Planning', 'Humans', 'International Agencies', 'Radiation Injuries', 'Radiation Monitoring', 'Radiation Protection', 'Radiation, Ionizing', 'Radioactive Hazard Release', 'Radiometry']
| 30,423,161
|
[['N06.230.100.035'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.540.514'], ['C26.733', 'G01.750.748.500', 'N06.850.460.350.850.500', 'N06.850.810.300.360'], ['E05.799.638', 'N06.850.780.375.700', 'N06.850.810.370'], ['N06.850.810.425'], ['G01.750.750'], ['N06.850.135.848'], ['E05.799']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Comparison of haemodynamic effects of noninvasive ventilation delivered via ResQGARD and CPAP boussignac masks.
|
UNLABELLED: Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is a technique of mechanical ventilation which does not require invasive airway management, i.e. intubation or tracheostomy. In emergency medicine Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) is used often. A new method of NIV is Impedance Threshold Device (ITD). Breathing through an ITD is utilized to raise blood pressure in hypotensive patients.AIM OF THE STUDY: was to compare haemodynamic effects of NIV ITD and NIV CPAP.MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study involved a group of 25 healthy volunteers. NIV was performed using ResQGARD ITD and CPAP Boussignac. Ventilation time was 25 minutes for each mask in each participant. Every three minutes parameters were collected: SpO2, BP and HR. There was a one hour interval in between ventilation with each mask. CPAP pressure was set at a level of 8 cm H2O and the mean inspiratory resistance of the ITD was 7cm H2O. Collected parameters were subjected to ANOVA statistical analysis.RESULTS: Absolute comparison of BP, HR and SpO2 values did not reveal statistically significant differences between the masks. However considering blood pressure levels at entry, ventilation through an ITD significantly raised BP. Ventilation with NIV CPAP did not change significantly BP.CONCLUSION: Ventilation through an ITD device significantly improve haemodynamic function, whereas CPAP ventilation had no significant effect on it.
|
['Adult', 'Continuous Positive Airway Pressure', 'Female', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Hypotension', 'Male', 'Masks', 'Middle Aged', 'Noninvasive Ventilation', 'Reference Values']
| 23,612,619
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E02.041.625.790.259', 'E02.880.820.790.259'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.514'], ['E07.325.877.500', 'E07.700.500', 'E07.858.594.750', 'J01.637.708.560.782'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.041.625.591', 'E02.880.820.657'], ['E05.978.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Endothelin-1 stimulates chloride and potassium secretion in rabbit descending colon.
|
The vasoactive peptide endothelin-1 (ET-1) which is present in high concentrations in the colon, causes concentration-dependent electrogenic Cl- secretion in rabbit descending colon. This effect is half-maximal at 0.11 mumol/l. Like other secretagogues, ET-1 also stimulates K+ secretion. The secretory effect of ET-1 is associated with increased release of prostaglandin E2 from the serosal surface of the mucosa. ET-1-induced Cl- secretion is completely inhibited by the loop diuretic bumetanide and by indomethacin and quinacrine, inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis. Neuronal mechanisms do not seem to be involved, as tetrodotoxin did not affect the secretory response to ET-1 significantly. On the other hand, neither the catalytic activity nor the transport function of the Na+/K(+)-ATPase of rabbit colon epithelium is affected by endothelin-1 (ET-1) in concentrations up to 10 mumol/l. It is concluded that ET-1 causes Cl- and K+ secretion by stimulating phospholipase A2 and release of prostaglandins, whereas Na+ transport is not altered.
|
['Animals', 'Chlorides', 'Colon', 'Dinoprostone', 'Endothelins', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Indomethacin', 'Kidney', 'Potassium', 'Rabbits', 'Sodium', 'Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase', 'Tetrodotoxin']
| 1,326,745
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.210.450.150', 'D01.248.497.158.215'], ['A03.556.124.526.356', 'A03.556.249.249.356'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.250.200', 'D23.469.050.175.725.250.200'], ['D12.644.276.400', 'D12.776.467.400', 'D23.529.400'], ['E05.481'], ['D03.633.100.473.420'], ['A05.810.453'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.314.750', 'D12.776.157.530.450.162.780', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.880', 'D12.776.157.530.813.750', 'D12.776.543.585.450.162.800', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.890', 'D12.776.543.585.813.750'], ['D03.633.100.786.910', 'D23.946.580.910']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pioglitazone but not glibenclamide improves cardiac expression of heat shock protein 72 and tolerance against ischemia/reperfusion injury in the heredity insulin-resistant rat.
|
We tested the hypothesis that pioglitazone could restore expression of heat shock protein (HSP)72 in insulin-resistant rat heart. At 12 weeks of age, male Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats and control (LETO) rats were treated with pioglitazone (10 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)) or glibenclamide (5 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)) for 4 weeks. Thereafter, hyperthermia (43 degrees C for 20 min) was applied. In response to hyperthermia, the activation of serine/threonine kinase Akt depending on phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI3) kinase was necessary for cardiac expression of HSP72. Hyperthermia-induced activation of Akt and HSP72 expression were depressed in OLETF rat hearts. Pioglitazone but not glibenclamide improved insulin sensitivity in OLETF rats, which was associated with the restoration of Akt activation and HSP72 expression. In experiments with isolated perfused heart, reperfusion-induced cardiac functional recovery was suppressed in OLETF rat hearts, which was improved by pioglitazone but not glibenclamide. Our results suggest that PI3 kinase-dependent Akt activation, an essential signal for HSP72 expression, is depressed in the heart in insulin-resistant OLETF rats, and the results suggest also that the restoration of HSP72 expression and tolerance against ischemia/reperfusion injury by treatment with pioglitazone might be due to an improvement of insulin resistance, leading to restoration of impaired PI3 kinase-dependent Akt activation in response to hyperthermia.
|
['Animals', 'Blotting, Western', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Fever', 'Glucose Tolerance Test', 'Glyburide', 'HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Insulin', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Myocardial Reperfusion Injury', 'Myocardium', 'Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases', 'Phosphorylation', 'Pioglitazone', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred OLETF', 'Thiazolidinediones', 'Ventricular Function, Left']
| 16,873,703
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['C23.888.119.344'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.355', 'E01.370.374.355', 'E05.200.124.100.355'], ['D02.065.950.828.575', 'D02.886.590.795.575'], ['D12.776.580.216.375.202'], ['D27.505.696.422'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['C14.280.238.615', 'C14.280.647.625', 'C14.907.585.625', 'C14.907.725.600', 'C23.550.767.877.500'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.500'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D02.886.675.933.250', 'D03.383.129.708.933.250'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.755', 'D12.776.476.565', 'D12.776.624.664.700.168'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.290', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.290'], ['D02.886.675.933', 'D03.383.129.708.933'], ['G09.330.955.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Presumptive specific clinical diagnosis of genital ulcer disease (GUD) in a primary health care setting in Nairobi.
|
Of 22,274 patients 12 years of age or older attending a primary health care clinic in Nairobi, 1076 (4.8%) complained of symptoms suggesting a sexually transmitted disease (STD). Of these, 518 females and 462 males underwent complete clinical evaluation, and 78% had objective microbiologic or clinical evidence of STD, including 168 (17.1%) with genital ulcer disease (GUD). Presumptive specific clinical diagnoses on initial physical examination in cases of GUD were chancroid (131 patients), syphilis (25), genital herpes (15) and lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) (1). Clinical diagnoses correlated only weakly with microbiological and serological diagnoses. Haemophilus ducreyi was isolated from 51 (41%) of the 125 with a clinical diagnosis of chancroid, and 4 (22%) of 18 with a diagnosis of syphilis, herpes, or LGV (P = 0.13). The rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test was reactive in 6 (24%) of 25 with a clinical diagnosis of syphilis, 18 (12.3%) of 146 with a diagnosis of chancroid or herpes, and 37 (4.7%) of 786 without a genital ulcer (P < 0.001, GUD vs no GUD). Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value for presumptive clinical diagnosis of chancroid, relative to H. ducreyi isolation, were 93%, 16%, and 41%; and for diagnosis of syphilis, relative to reactive RPR, were 25%, 88% and 25%. Specific treatment based on presumptive specific clinical diagnosis frequently was inadequate for syphilis among patients with GUD and reactive RPR test. Syndromic treatment of GUD with antimicrobial combinations active against both chancroid and syphilis would be preferable to treatment with single drugs based on presumptive specific clinical diagnoses for this population.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Chancroid', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Haemophilus ducreyi', 'Humans', 'Kenya', 'Male', 'Primary Health Care', 'Prospective Studies', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Urban Health']
| 8,799,783
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['C01.150.252.400.700.433.308', 'C01.150.252.734.201', 'C01.221.812.281.201', 'C01.778.281.201', 'C12.294.668.281.201', 'C13.351.500.711.281.201'], ['E01.171'], ['B03.440.450.600.450.125', 'B03.660.250.550.290.125'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.058.290.120.400'], ['N04.590.233.727'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['N01.400.548.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Using the LCP: bereaved relatives' assessments of communication and bereavement.
|
The Liverpool Care Pathway (LCP) is aimed at improving care and communication in the dying phase. The authors studied whether use of the LCP affects relatives' retrospective evaluation of communication and their level of bereavement. An intervention study was conducted. During the baseline period, usual care was provided to dying patients. During the intervention period, the LCP was used for 79% of the patients. In total, bereaved relatives filled in a questionnaire for 57% of the patients, on average 4 months after death. In the intervention period, relatives had lower bereavement levels when compared with relatives in the baseline period (P = .01). Communication was evaluated similarly for both periods. We conclude that LCP use during the dying phase seems to moderately contribute to lower levels of bereavement in relatives.
|
['Aged', 'Bereavement', 'Communication', 'Female', 'Health Care Surveys', 'Home Care Services', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Netherlands', 'Nursing Homes', 'Palliative Care', 'Professional-Family Relations', 'Regression Analysis', 'Terminal Care']
| 18,403,578
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.470.142'], ['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['E05.318.308.980.344', 'N03.349.380.210', 'N05.425.210', 'N05.715.360.300.800.344', 'N06.850.520.308.980.344'], ['N02.421.143.524', 'N02.421.539.089'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['Z01.542.651'], ['N02.278.825.610'], ['E02.760.666', 'N02.421.585.666'], ['F01.829.401.550'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E02.760.905', 'N02.421.585.905']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Complex formation of Sn(II) with glycine: an IR, DTA/TGA and DFT investigation.
|
The novel Sn(Gly)2?H2O complex compound has been synthesized and characterized by TGA, IR and Raman spectroscopy. Molecular spectroscopy and ab initio simulation have given the evidence of glycine molecule being coordinated to Sn(II) as bidentate chelating ligand by oxygen atom of carboxyl group and nitrogen atom of amino group. Water molecule is bonded with amino and carboxylic groups by hydrogen bonds in the out sphere. The M06, TPSS, TPSSm, TPSSh and revTPSS density functionals have been tested for calculation of structural and vibrational data. The vibrational assignment of experimental IR and Raman and simulated spectra has been carried out. The TPSS and TPSSm density functionals and Def2-TZVP basis set have provided the most accurate results.
|
['Calorimetry, Differential Scanning', 'Differential Thermal Analysis', 'Glycine', 'Isomerism', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Quantum Theory', 'Spectrophotometry, Infrared', 'Spectrum Analysis, Raman', 'Thermodynamics', 'Thermogravimetry', 'Tin', 'Vibration']
| 25,123,937
|
[['E05.196.131.310', 'E05.196.370.310'], ['E05.196.370'], ['D12.125.481'], ['G02.111.570.685', 'G02.607.445'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['H01.671.579.800'], ['E05.196.712.726.676', 'E05.196.867.826.676'], ['E05.196.822.860', 'E05.196.867.890'], ['G01.906'], ['E05.196.904'], ['D01.268.556.875', 'D01.552.544.875'], ['G01.374.930']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Ultrasensitive and simultaneous determination of RNA modified nucleotides by sheathless interfaced capillary electrophoresis-tandem mass spectrometry.
|
A label-free ultrasensitive determination of eight RNA modified nucleotides simultaneously was first established based on a sheathless capillary electrophoresis-tandem mass spectrometry system. This system performed well using only 500 pg-5 ng practical RNA samples, and a downward trend of most target nucleotides in HCT 116 cells was observed with the increase of nickel concentration.
|
['Electrophoresis, Capillary', 'HCT116 Cells', 'Humans', 'Nucleotides', 'RNA', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry']
| 31,180,413
|
[['E05.196.401.190', 'E05.301.300.190'], ['A11.251.210.190.380', 'A11.251.860.180.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D09.408.620', 'D13.695'], ['D13.444.735'], ['E05.196.566.880']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Human immunodeficiency virus encephalitis in SCID mice.
|
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is neuroinvasive and commonly causes cognitive and motor deficits during the later stages of viral infection. (referred to as HIV dementia). The mechanism(s) for disease revolves around secretory products produced from immune-activated brain macrophages/microglia. Recently, we developed an animal model system for HIV dementia that contains xenografts of HIV-1-infected cells inoculated into brains of mice with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). This animal system was used to quantitatively evaluate HIV-induced neuropathology. Xenografts of HIV-1-infected human monocytes (placed into the putamen and cortex of SCID mice) remained viable for 5 weeks. HIV-1 p24 antigen expression in mouse brain was persistent. Progressive inflammatory responses (including astrogliosis and cytokine production), which began at 3 days, peaked at day 12. The range of astrocyte proliferative reactions exceeded the inoculation site by > 1000 microns. Brains with virus-infected monocytes showed a > or = 1.6-fold increase in glial fibrillary acidic protein (staining distribution and intensity) as compared with similarly inoculated brains with uninfected control monocytes. These findings paralleled the accumulation and activation of murine microglia (increased branching of cell processes, formation of microglial nodules, interleukin (IL)-1 beta and IL-6 expression). An inflammatory reaction of human monocytes (as defined by HLA-DR, IL-1 beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression) and neuronal injury (apoptosis) also developed after virus-infected monocyte xenograft placement into mouse brain tissue. These data, taken together, demonstrate that this SCID mouse model of HIV-1 neuropathogenesis can reproduce key aspects of disease (virus-infected macrophages, astrocytosis, microglial activation, and neuronal damage). This model may serve as an important means for therapeutic development directed toward improving mental function in HIV-infected subjects with cognitive and motor dysfunction.
|
['AIDS Dementia Complex', 'Animals', 'Astrocytes', 'Brain', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Encephalitis, Viral', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'HIV Infections', 'HIV-1', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Injections, Intraventricular', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, SCID', 'Microglia', 'Monocytes', 'Neurons']
| 8,780,406
|
[['C01.221.250.875.049', 'C01.221.812.640.400.070', 'C01.778.640.400.070', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.049', 'C01.925.813.400.070', 'C10.228.140.380.070', 'C20.673.480.070', 'F03.615.400.050'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.637.200', 'A11.650.200'], ['A08.186.211'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['C01.207.245.340', 'C01.207.399.750', 'C01.925.182.525', 'C10.228.140.430.520.750', 'C10.228.228.245.340', 'C10.228.228.399.750'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E02.319.267.530.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.780'], ['A08.637.400', 'A11.650.400'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Genotypes of glycoprotein B gene among the Indian symptomatic neonates with congenital CMV infection.
|
BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus [CMV] is a causative agent of congenital infection worldwide and often leads to neurological deficits and hearing loss in newborns. Infants born with symptomatic congenital Cytomegalovirus infection [cCMV] are at significant high risk for developing adverse long-term outcomes. In this study, we look into the sequence variability of surface glycoprotein B [gB] encoding region in newborns with symptomatic CMV infection for the first time in Eastern region of India.METHODS: 576 suspected newborns from seropositive mothers were subjected to the study and ELISA was used to confirm CMV infection. Different genotypes and their subtypes were determined using multiplex nested-PCR. Viral load of different glycoprotein B [gB] genotypes was measured using RT-PCR. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis was then performed using Bayesian interference.RESULTS: The overall frequency of cCMV infection was 18.4%, where 16.0% neonates were symptomatic. Among the different gB genotypes, gB1 had the highest frequency [23.5%] and gB4 showed the lowest occurrence [5.8%]. 23.5% of symptomatic neonates had mixed genotypes of gB, probably indicating matrenal reinfection with CMV strains in Indian population. Significant genotypic clades [gB1-gB2-gB3-gB5] were grouped closely based on gene sequences, but the gB4 sequence was in the outlier region of the phylogenetic tree indicating the genetic polymorphism.CONCLUSION: This is the first study on cCMV genotyping and its phylogenetic analysis from Eastern Indian neonatal population. The study holds importance in the assessment of cCMV seroprevalence in global perspective. gB protein can be used as a potential therapeutic target against CMV infection.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Cytomegalovirus Infections', 'DNA Primers', 'Female', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'India', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Phylogeny', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Viral Envelope Proteins']
| 31,438,890
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['C01.925.256.466.245'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E05.393.620.500.487'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['D09.400.430.968', 'D12.776.395.550.993', 'D12.776.543.550.993', 'D12.776.964.970.880']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Immunohistochemical Study on the Expression of G-CSF, G-CSFR, VEGF, VEGFR-1, Foxp3 in First Trimester Trophoblast of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss in Pregnancies Treated with G-CSF and Controls.
|
BACKGROUND: Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL) is a syndrome recognizing several causes, and in some cases the treatment with Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) may be successful, especially when karyotype of the previous miscarriage showed no embryo chromosomal abnormalities. In order to evaluate the effects of G-CSF treatment on the decidual and trophoblast expression of G-CSF and its receptor, VEGF and its receptor and Foxp3, specific marker of putative Tregs we conducted an immunohistochemical study.METHODS: This study was conducted on three groups of patients for a total of 38 women: in 8 cases decidual and trophoblast tissue were obtained from 8 women with unexplained RPL treated with G-CSF that miscarried despite treatment; in 15 cases the tissue were obtained from 15 women with unexplained RPL no treated; 15 cases of women who underwent voluntary pregnancy termination were used as controls. Tissue collected from these patients were used for immunohistochemistry studies testing the expression of G-CSF, G-CSFR, VEGF, VEGFR-1 and Foxp3.RESULTS: G-CSF treatment increased the concentration of cells expressing Foxp3, specific marker for Tregs, in the decidua, whereas in no treated RPL a reduction of these cells was found when compared to controls. Furthermore, G-CSF treatment increased the expression of G-CSF and VEGF in the trophoblast.CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that G-CSF treatment increased the number of decidual Treg cells in RPL patients as well as the expression of G-CSF and VEGF in villus trophoblast. These finding may explain the effectiveness of this treatment in RPL, probably regulating the maternal immune response through Tregs recruitment in the decidua, as well as stimulating trophoblast growth.
|
['Abortion, Habitual', 'Adult', 'Decidua', 'Female', 'Forkhead Transcription Factors', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Trimester, First', 'Receptors, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor', 'T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory', 'Trophoblasts', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1']
| 31,906,232
|
[['C13.703.039.089'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A05.360.319.679.490.373', 'A16.710.289'], ['D12.776.260.950.249', 'D12.776.930.977.249'], ['G05.308'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.240.350', 'D12.776.395.240.200', 'D12.776.467.374.410.240.350', 'D23.529.374.410.240.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.707.408'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.150.280', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.200.400'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.700', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.700', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.700'], ['A11.382.992', 'A16.254.500.766', 'A16.710.802'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.950.100', 'D12.776.543.750.630.750.100', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.910.100']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Association between vascular endothelial growth factor expression and lymph node metastasis in cervical cancer: A meta-analysis.
|
AIM: The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by cancer cells has been identified as a factor that is associated with lymph node metastasis (LNM) in some cancers, but an accurate description of the relation between VEGF and LNM in cervical cancer is lacking. We conducted a concurrent meta-analysis to investigate this issue.METHODS: We searched PubMed and EMBASE for articles addressing the association between VEGF and cervical cancer. We used stata 12.0 and calculated the crude odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity between the studies included was assessed by Cochran's Q-test.RESULTS: Overall, 16 relevant studies with 426 cases and 751 controls were included in our study. The results demonstrated that cervical cancer patients with VEGF-positive expression had a 2.87-fold higher risk of LNM than patients without VEGF-positive expression (95%CI = 1.85-4.44, P < 0.001). Furthermore, subgroup analysis by ethnicity revealed that VEGF-positive expression could increase the risk of LNM in cervical cancer among Asian populations (OR = 2.55, 95%CI = 1.61-4.03, P < 0.001) and Caucasian populations (OR = 8.81, 95%CI = 2.78-27.88, P < 0.001). Moreover, subgroup analysis by country revealed that VEGF-positive expression could increase the risk of LNM in cervical cancer among Chinese populations (OR = 3.38, 95%CI = 2.18-5.25, P < 0.001) but not among Korean populations (P = 0.84) or Japanese populations (P = 0.06). Subgroup analysis based on sample size proved that VEGF-positive expression was statistically associated with LNM in a large sample group.CONCLUSION: Our study revealed that VEGF-positive expression is related with higher risk of LNM in cervical cancer.
|
['Female', 'Humans', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Risk Factors', 'Uterine Cervical Neoplasms', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A']
| 27,334,572
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C04.588.945.418.948.850', 'C13.351.500.852.593.131', 'C13.351.500.852.762.850', 'C13.351.937.418.875.850'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Stromal hypocellularity and encapsulation in organ cultures of human prostate: application in epithelial cell isolation.
|
The primary objective of our study was to obtain pure cultures of prostatic epithelium. The phenomena of encapsulation by epithelial cells and hypocellularity in stroma occurred when explants of human prostatic tissue were maintained in suspension cultures. Hypocellularity progressed with time and was more pronounced in encapsulated explants. When encapsulated explants were allowed to attach to the substrate they formed an outgrowth of epithelial cells in a monolayer. The significance of these findings is in the use of the described changes in isolating and establishing epithelial cultures of human prostatic epithelium. These cultures are required for studies on the biology of prostatic epithelium and the etiology and treatment of prostatic neoplasia.
|
['Aged', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Organ Culture Techniques', 'Prostate']
| 1,159,919
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.436'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481.500.484'], ['A05.360.444.575', 'A10.336.707']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The effect of enterolactone on sphingolipid pathway and hepatic insulin resistance development in HepG2 cells.
|
AIMS: Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, correlate with increased tissue concentration of sphingolipids, which directly interfere with insulin signaling pathway. Phytoestrogens are a group of plant-derived compounds that have been studied in the case of metabolic disorders treatment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to ascertain whether enterolactone (ENL), a commonly known phytoestrogen, may affect sphingolipid metabolism and decrease hepatic insulin resistance development in a lipid overload state.MAIN METHODS: The study was conducted on HepG2 cells incubated with ENL and/or palmitic acid (PA) for 16 h. Intra- and extracellular sphingolipid concentrations were assessed by high performance liquid chromatography. The expression of sphingolipid pathway enzymes, apoptosis and insulin signaling pathway proteins and glucose metabolism regulators were evaluated by Western Blot.KEY FINDINGS: In HepG2 cells, a considerable augmentation of intracellular ceramide and sphingosine concentration in ENL with PA group were indicated with simultaneous increase in extracellular ceramide concentration. The ENL treatment increased expression of selected enzymes from de novo ceramide synthesis pathway with lower expression of ceramide transfer protein. We also observed a decreased expression of insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of AKT and AMPK after exposure to ENL with PA. Our research demonstrated that ENL with PA resulted in an increased expression of caspase-3.SIGNIFICANCE: Enterolactone, in a higher fatty acids availability, led to the development of hepatic IR in HepG2 cells. This phenomenon may be the result of elevated intracellular ceramide accumulation caused by increased de novo synthesis pathway what led to enhanced apoptosis of HepG2 cells.
|
['4-Butyrolactone', 'Ceramides', 'Hep G2 Cells', 'Humans', 'Insulin', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Lignans', 'Lipid Metabolism', 'Liver', 'Phytoestrogens', 'Signal Transduction', 'Sphingolipids']
| 30,468,835
|
[['D02.540.150', 'D03.383.312.150'], ['D02.065.313', 'D09.400.410.420.525.200', 'D10.390.470.675.200', 'D10.570.877.360.612.200'], ['A11.251.860.180.432', 'A11.436.348.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.140.450'], ['G03.458'], ['A03.620'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.277.540.500'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D10.570.877']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Analysis of 'natural' and vaccine-induced haemophilus influenzae type B capsular polysaccharide serum antibodies for 3H1, a V3-23-associated idiotope.
|
The variable (V-) region repertoire of antibodies (Abs) to Haemophilus influenzae capsular polysaccharide (Hib PS) has been extensively studied in individuals vaccinated against the microbe, but to a lesser extent in subjects who generated such Abs in response to a 'natural' encounter with this microbe or its antigenic mimics. To gain an insight into the repertoire of Hib PS-reactive Abs in vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals, we used a monoclonal Ab, 3H1, which detects an idiotypic marker associated with an Ab V-region gene, V3-23. We show here that Hib PS-reactive Abs with detectable 3H1 idiotope can be quantified by an indirect inimunoezymatic assay in serum samples of non-vaccinated healthy adults as well as of recently vaccinated healthy infants. The percentage of Abs that was simultaneously Hib PS-reactive and 3H1-positive ranged widely (from 0 to 68%) among individual serum samples from both groups of subjects. No dramatic differences in the expression of 3H1 idiotope on Hib PS-reactive Abs were found between vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that the utilization of V-region genes in Hib PS-reactive Abs that individuals generate after a 'natural' encounter with Hib PS or its mimics is similar to that in these Abs elicited by Hib PS conjugate vaccines.
|
['Adult', 'Antibodies, Bacterial', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Bacterial Capsules', 'Child, Preschool', 'Haemophilus Vaccines', 'Haemophilus influenzae type b', 'Humans', 'Hybridomas', 'Immunoglobulin Idiotypes', 'Immunoglobulin Variable Region', 'Infant', 'Polysaccharides, Bacterial']
| 10,880,838
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.107', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.125'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['A20.186'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D20.215.894.135.450'], ['B03.440.450.600.450.330.150', 'B03.660.250.550.290.330.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.251.353.485', 'A11.251.600.485'], ['D12.644.541.500.745', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680.745', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680.745', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680.745', 'D23.050.550.750', 'G02.111.570.060.425.580', 'G12.500.450'], ['D12.644.541.500.650.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680.650.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.797', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680.650.500', 'D12.776.124.790.651.797', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680.650.500', 'D12.776.377.715.548.797', 'G02.111.570.060.425'], ['M01.060.703'], ['D09.698.718', 'D23.050.161.616']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Source-monitoring training facilitates preschoolers' eyewitness memory performance.
|
Preschool children are more susceptible to misleading postevent information than are older children and adults. One reason for young children's suggestibility is their failure to monitor the source of their memories, as in, for example, discriminating whether an event was seen live versus on television. The authors investigated whether source-monitoring training would decrease preschoolers' suggestibility. Thirty-six 3-4-year-olds observed target live and video events and were then given source-monitoring or recognition (control) training on nontarget events. Following training, all children answered 24 misleading and nonmisleading target-event questions. Children given source-monitoring training were more accurate than control group children in response to misleading and nonmisleading yes-no questions and in response to nonmisleading, open-ended questions. Implications for strategy development, dual representation, and child witness interviewing are discussed.
|
['Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Memory', 'Random Allocation', 'Suggestion', 'Teaching']
| 12,005,385
|
[['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425.540'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['E02.190.525.217.771', 'F04.754.424.771'], ['I02.903']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Four-day infusion of fluorouracil plus vinorelbine as salvage treatment of heavily pretreated metastatic breast cancer.
|
AIMS: Anthracyclines-taxanes containing regimens are widely used for breast cancer treatment both in neoadjuvant-adjuvant setting and in metastatic disease. Recently high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) with autologous stem cell support has been introduced as adjuvant treatment for high-risk primary breast cancer and for selected subsets of women with metastatic disease. Therefore, salvage treatment for previously treated patients with progressive disease becomes even more problematic. A regimen of continuous infusion of fluorouracil (FU) and vinorelbine (VNR) has been evaluated in heavily pretreated metastatic breast cancer patients.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-eight women, median age 52 years, with previously treated breast cancer entered the study. All but one received more than one line of prior systemic chemotherapy for metastatic disease. Furthermore 14 women had undergone HDC with peripheral blood progenitor cells transplantation in adjuvant setting (6 pts), or metastatic disease (8 pts). Treatment consisted of four-day infusion of FU (1000 mg/m2/day) plus VNR (20 mg/m2/i.v. day 1 and 5), recycled every 3 weeks for a total of six courses. Drugs administration was discontinued for G4 toxicity, tumor progression or patient's refusal.RESULTS: Twenty PR and four CR for an overall response rate of 50% (95%C.I. 36-64%) were recorded. The therapeutic efficacy of the tested regimen was documented both in patients unresponsive to previous anthracyclines-taxanes combinations and in those relapsing after HDC. The median duration of response was 9 months and median survival 16 months. One third of patients experienced Grade-3 stomatitis-mucositis, hematological toxicity was mild and no cardiac toxicity was observed. Twenty-five women (52%) suffered from infusion-related phlebitis (in half of patients a central venous device was necessary at some point of the treatment program).CONCLUSIONS: The combination of FU infusion and VNR i.v. is an effective salvage treatment for heavily pretreated metastatic breast cancer patients, and may represent a valid alternative when other cytotoxic regimens are not feasible.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Fluorouracil', 'Humans', 'Infusions, Intravenous', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Selection', 'Prospective Studies', 'Salvage Therapy', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vinblastine', 'Vinorelbine']
| 10,966,000
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.082.500', 'E02.319.267.510.590'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.581.500.653', 'N04.590.731'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E02.895'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['D03.132.436.681.827.650', 'D03.633.100.473.402.681.827.650', 'D03.633.100.496.500.500.681.827.650'], ['D03.132.436.681.827.915', 'D03.633.100.473.402.681.827.915', 'D03.633.100.496.500.500.681.827.915']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cloud point extraction-HPLC method for determination and pharmacokinetic study of flurbiprofen in rat plasma after oral and transdermal administration.
|
A method based on cloud-point extraction (CPE) was developed for the determination of flurbiprofen (FP) in rat plasma after oral and transdermal administration by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with UV detection (HPLC-UV). The non-ionic surfactant Genapol X-080 was chosen as the extract solvent. Variables parameter affecting the CPE efficiency were evaluated and optimized. Chromatography separation was performed on a Diamond C(18) column (4.6 mm i.d. x 250 mm, 10 microm particle size) by isocratic elution with UV detection at 254 nm. The assay was linear over the range of 0.2-50 and 0.1-10 microg/ml for oral and transdermal administration, respectively, and the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 0.1 microg/ml. The extraction recoveries were more than 84.5%, the accuracies were within +/-3.8%, and the intra- and inter-day precisions were less than 10.1% in all cases. After strict validation, the method indicated good performance in terms of reproducibility, specificity, linearity, precision and accuracy, and it was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of flurbiprofen in rats after oral and transdermal administration.
|
['Administration, Cutaneous', 'Animals', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Flurbiprofen', 'Rats', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet']
| 18,472,314
|
[['E02.319.267.120.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D02.241.081.751.161', 'D02.455.426.559.389.185.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
MTERF2 contributes to MPP(+)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cell damage.
|
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder whose pathogenesis is under intense investigation. Substantial evidence indicates that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role in the pathophysiology of PD. Several mitochondrial internal regulating factors act to maintain the mitochondrial function. However, how these internal regulating factors contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction in PD remains elusive. One of these factors, mitochondrial transcription termination factor 2 (MTERF2), has been implicated in the regulation of oxidative phosphorylation by modulating mitochondrial DNA transcription. Here, we discovered a new role of MTERF2 in regulating mitochondrial dysfunction and cell damage induced by MPP(+) in SH-SY5Y cells. We found that MPP(+) treatment elevated MTERF2 expression, induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cell damage, which was alleviated by MTERF2 knockdown. These findings demonstrate that MTERF2 contributes to MPP(+)-induced mitochondrial disruption and cell damage. This study indicates that MTERF2 is a potential therapeutic target for environmentally induced Parkinson's disease.
|
['1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium', 'Cell Line', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Humans', 'Mitochondria', 'Mitochondrial Proteins', 'Neurons', 'Parkinsonian Disorders', 'Transcription Factors', 'Up-Regulation']
| 26,826,381
|
[['D03.383.725.762.550'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D12.776.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['D12.776.575'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['C10.228.140.079.862', 'C10.228.662.600'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Vitamin K-dependent carboxylase. Possible role for thioredoxin in the reduction of vitamin K metabolites in liver.
|
In the liver vitamin K epoxide, which is produced during the posttranslational carboxylation of protein-bound glutamic acid residues, is recycled by the action of one or more dithiol-dependent reductases. In vitro synthetic dithiols may serve as a cofactor for these enzymes, but the physiological reductant has not yet been found. In this paper we report that in vitro the commercially available thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase from E. coli can replace the synthetic dithiols during the various reactions of the vitamin K cycle. Based on the assumption that in vivo thioredoxin also plays a role in the regeneration of vitamin K hydroquinone from the epoxide, an extension of the generally accepted vitamin K cycle is proposed.
|
['Animals', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Carbon-Carbon Ligases', 'Cattle', 'Escherichia coli', 'Ligases', 'Liver', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase', 'Thioredoxins', 'Vitamin K']
| 3,308,517
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.097'], ['D08.811.464.257'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D08.811.464'], ['A03.620'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D08.811.682.667.750', 'D12.776.331.971'], ['D12.776.915'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.721.374', 'D02.455.849.291.523.500', 'D04.615.638.721.374']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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