Title
stringlengths 1
395
⌀ | abstractText
stringlengths 57
5.98k
| meshMajor
stringlengths 14
1.03k
| pmid
int64 22
33.2M
| meshid
stringlengths 2
3.14k
| meshroot
stringlengths 2
421
| A
int64 0
1
| B
int64 0
1
| C
int64 0
1
| D
int64 0
1
| E
int64 0
1
| F
int64 0
1
| G
int64 0
1
| H
int64 0
1
| I
int64 0
1
| J
int64 0
1
| L
int64 0
1
| M
int64 0
1
| N
int64 0
1
| Z
int64 0
1
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Activation of human spleen glucocerebrosidases by monoacylglycol sulfates and diacylglycerol sulfates.
|
The study of the acidic lipid requirement of human spleen glucocerebrosidase was extended to include two new series of acidic lipids, namely, monoacylglycol sulfates and diacylglycerol sulfates. Lysosomal glucocerebrosidase was extracted with sodium cholate and 1-butanol to render its beta-glucosidase activity dependent upon exogenous lipids. Maximum reactivation of control glucocerebrosidase was obtained with nonanoylglycol sulfate (NGS) and diheptanoylglycerol sulfate (DHGS). However, the effects of these lipids were markedly dependent on the nature of buffer used in the assay medium; specifically, 0.2 M sodium citrate-phosphate (pH 5.5) was much more effective than 0.2 M sodium acetate (pH 5.5) in permitting these lipids to reactivate glucocerebrosidase. In contrast, the marked activation of glucocerebrosidase by phosphatidylserine and galactocerebroside 3-sulfate (sulfatide) that was achievable in the sodium acetate buffer was totally inhibited by citrate or phosphate ions. The effects of NGS and DHGS on the kinetic parameters of control glucocerebrosidase were to lower the Km for the substrate, 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-glucoside from 5.5 mM to approximately 2 mM (in sodium citrate-phosphate buffer) and markedly increase the Vmax. Furthermore, with DHGS, significant activation was achieved at concentrations below the lipid's critical micellar concentration. None of the monoacylglycol- or diacylglycerol sulfates were capable of stimulating mutant glucocerebrosidases from either type 1 (Ashkenazi-Jewish) or type 2 Gaucher's disease patients. Like control glucocerebrosidase, the type 1 glucocerebrosidase was unresponsive to phosphatidylserine and sulfatide when the beta-glucosidase assay was conducted in 0.2 M sodium citrate-phosphate buffer. Based on the differential action of these lipid activators in the two buffers and their effects on the mutant enzymes, we propose that, with regard to the lipid requirement of glucocerebrosidase, there are two classes of acidic lipids--one comprised of phosphatidylserine and sulfatide and the other comprised of the likes of NGS, DHGS, or sodium taurodeoxycholate. It appears that control glucocerebrosidase and the mutant enzyme of the patient with type 1 Gaucher's disease is reconstitutable with the first class of lipids whereas the glucocerebrosidase of the type 2 patient is not. The observations in this report are interpreted in terms of a model which postulates that normal glucocerebrosidase possesses at least two distinct lipid binding domains.
|
['Citrates', 'Citric Acid', 'Diglycerides', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Gaucher Disease', 'Glucosidases', 'Glucosylceramidase', 'Glycerides', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Micelles', 'Phosphates', 'Spleen', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Sulfates']
| 3,355,173
|
[['D02.241.081.901.434'], ['D02.241.081.901.434.249'], ['D10.351.303'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['C10.228.140.163.100.435.825.400', 'C16.320.565.189.435.825.400', 'C16.320.565.398.641.803.441', 'C16.320.565.595.554.825.400', 'C18.452.132.100.435.825.400', 'C18.452.584.687.803.441', 'C18.452.648.189.435.825.400', 'C18.452.648.398.641.803.441', 'C18.452.648.595.554.825.400'], ['D08.811.277.450.420'], ['D08.811.277.450.420.412'], ['D10.351'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D05.374', 'D26.255.560'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374', 'D01.248.497.158.730', 'D01.695.625.675.650'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['D01.248.497.158.845', 'D01.875.800.800.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Exploring brain functions in autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review on functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) studies.
|
A growing body of research has investigated the functional development of the brain in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is increasingly being used in this respect. This method has several advantages over other functional neuroimaging techniques in studying brain functions in ASD, including portability, low cost, and availability in naturalistic settings. This article reviews thirty empirical studies, published in the past decade, that used fNIRS in individuals with ASD or in infants with a high risk of developing ASD. These studies investigated either brain activation using multiple tasks (e.g., face processing, joint attention and working memory) or functional organization under a resting-state condition in ASD. The majority of these studies reported atypical brain activation in the prefrontal cortex, inferior frontal gyrus, middle and superior temporal gyrus. Some studies revealed altered functional connectivity, suggesting an inefficient information transfer between brain regions in ASD. Overall, the findings suggest that fNIRS is a promising tool to explore neurodevelopment in ASD from an early age.
|
['Autism Spectrum Disorder', 'Brain', 'Humans', 'Nerve Net', 'Social Perception', 'Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared']
| 30,664,885
|
[['F03.625.164.113'], ['A08.186.211'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A08.511'], ['F02.463.593.752'], ['E01.370.350.750', 'E05.196.867.851']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The effect of montelukast sodium on the duration of effusion of otitis media.
|
This study tests the hypothesis that montelukast sodium, a selective leukotriene receptor antagonist, will decrease the duration of the effusion of otitis media. Tympanometry and spectral gradient acoustic reflectometry were used to confirm the effusion of otitis media in patients between 2 and 12 years of age. Patients were treated with amoxicillin for 10 days and montelukast sodium or placebo for 30 days in a random, double-blind manner. Sixty patients completed the study: 31 received placebo and 29 received montelukast sodium. At a 4-week follow-up visit, 5 ears (16%) were free of effusion in the placebo group and 17 (58%) in the montelukast sodium group. The difference was significant. The efficacy of montelukast sodium in clearing the effusion was 49%.
|
['Acetates', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Leukotriene Antagonists', 'Male', 'Otitis Media with Effusion', 'Placebos', 'Quinolines', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 15,248,005
|
[['D02.241.081.018', 'D10.251.400.045'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D06.347.565', 'D27.505.696.399.450.565'], ['C09.218.705.663.670'], ['D26.660', 'E02.785'], ['D03.633.100.810'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Signs of steroid myopathy in a group of patients with asthma undergoing continuous steroid therapy].
|
The 35 patients with bronchial asthma undergoing continuous steroid therapy were examined in order to reveal any signs of steroid myopathy. More than 80% of patients complained of muscle weakness. In the physical examination the motor function was correct in the majority of patients. Muscular enzymes and blood electrolytes were normal. EMG has shown typical myopathic changes In over 80% of patients. The diagnosis of subclinical steroid myopathy was based mainly on EMG examination. This myopathy was independent of sex, age, dose an duration of therapy.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Asthma', 'Electromyography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscular Diseases', 'Steroids']
| 2,637,433
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.651', 'C10.668.491'], ['D04.210.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Conservative treatment of isolated fractures of the medial malleolus.
|
Between 1992 and 2000, 57 patients with 57 isolated fractures of the medial malleolus were treated conservatively by immobilisation in a cast. The results were assessed by examination, radiography and completion of the short form-36 questionnaire and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot score. Of the 57 fractures 55 healed without further treatment. The mean combined dorsi- and plantar flexion was 52.3 degrees (25 degrees to 82 degrees ) and the mean short form-36 and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society scores 48.1 (28 to 60) and 89.8 (69 to 100), respectively. At review there was no evidence of medial instability, dermatological complications, malalignment of the mortise or of post-traumatic arthritis. Isolated fractures of the medial malleolus can obtain high rates of union and good functional results with conservative treatment. Operation should be reserved for bi- or trimalleolar fractures, open fractures, injuries which compromise the skin or those involving the plafond or for patients who develop painful nonunion.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Ankle Injuries', 'Ankle Joint', 'Casts, Surgical', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Fracture Fixation', 'Fracture Healing', 'Fractures, Bone', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radiography', 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 17,259,423
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C26.558.100'], ['A02.835.583.378.062'], ['E07.858.442.660.430.500', 'E07.858.690.725.430.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E04.555.300'], ['G16.762.891.500'], ['C26.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E01.370.600.700', 'G11.427.760'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cytotoxic phenotype of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in medullary carcinoma of the breast.
|
Medullary carcinoma (MC) of the breast is considered to carry a more favorable prognosis than other subtypes of infiltrating ductal carcinoma This is a biological paradox because its clinical behavior contrasts with its anaplastic morphology. MC is characterized by a dense lymphocytic infiltrate. In this study, we determined the cytotoxic potential and activity of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in MC by CD3, CD8, TIA-1, and granzyme B immunostaining on paraffin-embedded sections. Fourteen cases of typical MC (TMC) and 15 cases of atypical MC (AMC) classified according to Ridolfi criteria, and 19 cases of poorly differentiated infiltrating ductal carcinoma (PDC) were studied. TILs were quantified separately into two groups: cells infiltrating tumor nests and cells within stroma The number of CD8+ and TIA-1+ cells infiltrating tumor cell nests were markedly increased in TMC and AMC, as opposed to the PDC subgroup (159.6+/-132.8; 77.4+/-59.3; 9.4+/-10.5 and 171.2+/-152.4; 72.3+/-55.0; 10.8+/-12.7 per high power field, respectively). The number of tumor infiltrating granzyme B+ cells was significantly greater in TMC and AMC, as compared with the PDC subgroup (82.1+/-64.9, 33.9+/-19.7, and 3.1+/-5.1, respectively). Although no significant difference was found between the number of stromal CD3+ and CD8+ lymphocytes among the three subgroups, stromal granzyme B+ cells were significantly elevated in TMC and AMC as compared with the PDC subgroup. Finally, the relative proportion of granzyme B+ as opposed to CD3+ intraepithelial and stromal lymphocytes was greater in TMC and AMC as compared with the PDC subgroup (0.52+/-0.29; 0.47+/-0.31; 0.19+/-0.18 and 0.18+/-0.11; 0.13+/-0.11; 0.06+/-0.05, respectively). The presence of increased numbers of activated cytotoxic lymphocytes in MC of the breast may be a key mechanism active in the host versus tumor response leading to improved prognosis.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Carcinoma, Medullary', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Immunophenotyping', 'Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating', 'Middle Aged', 'T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic']
| 10,574,602
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.240.315', 'C04.557.470.200.025.370.315', 'C04.557.470.615.315', 'C04.557.580.625.650.240.315'], ['G04.152'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['E01.370.225.812.447', 'E05.200.812.447', 'E05.478.594.450'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.650', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.650', 'A15.382.490.555.567.650'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A11.118.637.555.283.875', 'A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.283.875', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.283.875', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.200']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Ultra-fine structural characterization and bioactivity evaluation of TiO2 nanotube layers.
|
For an application as biomedical materials of high performance with a good biocompatibility, the TiO2 nanotube-type oxide film on Ti substrate has been fabricated by electrochemical method, and the effects of surface characteristics of TiO2 naotube layer have been investigated. The surface morphology of TiO2 nanotube layer depends on factors such as anodizing time, current density, and electrolyte temperature. Moreover, the cell and pore size gradually were increased with the passage of anodizing time. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicated that the TiO2 nanotube layer formed in acidic electrolytes was mainly composed of anatase structure containing rutile. From the analysis of chemical states of TiO2 nanotube layer using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Ti2p, P2p and O1s were observed in the nanotubes layer, which were penetrated from the electrolyte into the oxide layer during anodic process. The incorporated phosphate species were found mostly in the forms of HPO4-, PO4-, and PO3-. From the result of biological evaluation in simulated body fluid (SBF) the TiO2 nanotube layer was effective for bioactive property.
|
['Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Nanotubes', 'Spectrum Analysis', 'Titanium', 'X-Ray Diffraction', 'X-Rays']
| 19,198,362
|
[['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['J01.637.512.850'], ['E05.196.867'], ['D01.268.557.800', 'D01.268.956.878', 'D01.552.547.800'], ['E05.196.309.742', 'E05.196.822.950', 'G01.867.950', 'G02.965'], ['G01.358.500.505.970', 'G01.750.250.970', 'G01.750.750.918']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Solubilization of proteins from human lymph node tissue and two-dimensional gel storage.
|
In the present study, we compared six different solubilization buffers and optimized two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) conditions for human lymph node proteins. In addition, we developed a simple protocol for 2-D gel storage. Efficient solubilization was obtained with lysis buffers containing (a) 8 M urea, 4% CHAPS (3-[(3-cholamidopropyl) dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate), 40 mM Tris base, 65 mM DTT (dithiothreitol) and 0.2% carrier ampholytes; (b) 5 M urea, 2 M thiourea, 2% CHAPS, 2% SB 3-10 (N-decyl-N,N-dimethyl-3-ammonio-1-propanesulfonate), 40 mM Tris base, 65 mM DTT and 0.2% carrier ampholytes or (c) 7 M urea, 2 M thiourea, 4% CHAPS, 65 mM DTT and 0.2% carrier ampholytes. The optimal protocol for isoelectric focusing (IEF) was accumulated voltage of 16,500 Vh and 0.6% DTT in the rehydration solution. In the experiments conducted for the sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), best results were obtained with a doubled concentration (50 mM Tris, 384 mM glycine, 0.2% SDS) of the SDS electrophoresis buffer in the cathodic reservoir as compared to the concentration in the anodic reservoir (25 mM Tris, 192 mM glycine, 0.1% SDS). Among the five protocols tested for gel storing, success was attained when the gels were stored in plastic bags with 50% glycerol. This is the first report describing the successful solubilization and 2D-electrophoresis of proteins from human lymph node tissue and a 2-D gel storage protocol for easy gel handling before mass spectrometry (MS) analysis.
|
['Buffers', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Cells', 'Detergents', 'Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional', 'Head and Neck Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Isoelectric Focusing', 'Lymph Nodes', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Proteins', 'Solubility', 'Time']
| 16,584,638
|
[['D27.720.470.280'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['A11'], ['D27.720.877.265', 'J01.516.381'], ['E05.196.401.250', 'E05.301.300.230'], ['C04.588.443'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.196.401.663', 'E05.301.300.663'], ['A10.549.400', 'A15.382.520.604.412'], ['D12.776.624'], ['D12.776'], ['G02.805'], ['G01.910']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cross-stressor immunization against the behavioral deficits introduced by uncontrollable shock.
|
Exposure to inescapable shock disrupted performance in both shock- and water-escape tasks. These deficits were prevented in mice that were previously trained in the same task. However, an asymmetrical immunization effect was seen in a cross-stressor paradigm. Whereas deficits of water-escape performance engendered by inescapable shock were prevented by prior shock-escape training, the deficits of shock-escape performance were not eliminated by prior water-escape training. Evidently, the immunization effect occurs when initial training and subsequent testing are conducted in the same task, or when the initial training and uncontrollable stress session involve the same aversive stimulus. Norepinephrine determinations revealed that reductions of the amine introduced by inescapable shock were unaffected by prior shock-escape training and were enhanced by prior exposure to the stress of water immersion. Thus, although the performance deficit introduced by inescapable shock may be related to variations of norepinephrine, the immunization effect probably was unrelated to alterations of this transmitter. Rather, the data provisionally suggested that the immunization stems from two independent factors: Namely, initially training animals in an active escape task may (a) disrupt subsequent learning that the inescapable stress actually is uncontrollable and (b) limit the influence of the motor deficits introduced by uncontrollable shock on subsequent escape performance.
|
['Animals', 'Arousal', 'Electroshock', 'Escape Reaction', 'Helplessness, Learned', 'Hippocampus', 'Humans', 'Hypothalamus', 'Male', 'Muridae', 'Norepinephrine', 'Serotonin']
| 6,683,562
|
[['B01.050'], ['F02.830.104', 'G11.561.035'], ['E05.723.402.403', 'F04.669.224'], ['F01.145.113.780.688', 'F01.145.367', 'F01.145.875.439.500.688', 'G07.568.500.590.688', 'G11.427.410.568.850.688'], ['F01.393.398', 'F02.463.425.420'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A08.186.211.180.497', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635'], ['D02.033.100.291.502', 'D02.092.063.480', 'D02.092.211.215.746', 'D02.092.311.830', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.830'], ['D02.092.211.215.801.852', 'D03.633.100.473.914.814', 'D23.469.050.650']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Bromadiolone poisoning leading to subarachnoid haemorrhage: A case report and review of the literature.
|
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE: Many cases of rodenticide poisoning have been reported. Bromadiolone, often called a super-warfarin, is a second-generation dicoumarin rodenticide with long half-life. The main clinical manifestations of bromadiolone poisoning are excessive or inappropriate bleeding of skin mucosa, digestive tract and urinary tract. However, the phenomenon of central nervous system (CNS) toxicity is an uncommon medical emergency. We present a case of SAH and intracerebral haematoma mediated by bromadiolone intoxication, revealing that bromadiolone poisoning might cause intracerebral haematoma.CASE DESCRIPTION: A 44-year-old woman presented with skin mucosa haemorrhage and haematuresis initially. The patient developed lethargy, headache, nausea and vomiting. The toxicology test result revealed that the presence of bromadiolone in her blood. Coagulation test results showed a longer prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and a high international normalized ratio (INR). SAH, frontal lobe haematoma, midline shift and brain oedema were discovered by skull CT examination. The coagulation disorders were addressed after the treatment of vitamin K and fresh frozen plasma. The intracranial symptoms were relieved after surgery and the treatment with mannitol.WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION: This case suggests that bromadiolone poisoning should be diagnosed and treated as early as possible. Bromadiolone poisoning might cause SAH and intracerebral haematoma, which is rare but potentially lethal. It is important to strengthen the diagnosis and post-treatment monitoring.
|
['4-Hydroxycoumarins', 'Adult', 'Blood Coagulation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Prothrombin Time', 'Rodenticides', 'Subarachnoid Hemorrhage']
| 31,556,967
|
[['D03.383.663.283.446.520', 'D03.633.100.150.446.520'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G09.188.390.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.625.115.610', 'E05.200.625.115.610', 'G09.188.680'], ['D27.720.031.700.853', 'D27.888.723.853'], ['C10.228.140.300.535.800', 'C14.907.253.573.800', 'C23.550.414.913.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of ouabain on relaxation induced by cromakalim in human and canine mesenteric arteries.
|
We investigated the effect of cromakalim, a K+ channel opener, that activates indirectly the Na(+)-K+ pump, in association with increased K+ conductance in the mesenteric arteries. In 65% of human mesenteric arteries tested, the concentration-dependent relaxation curves for cromakalim were biphasic: the low concentration (< 10(-7) M) effect was preferentially inhibited by ouabain, whereas the higher concentration effect was significantly inhibited by glibenclamide. In branches of canine mesenteric artery, the cromakalim-induced relaxation was inhibited by pretreatment with ouabain (1 microM) as well as by glibenclamide (1 microM). The reduction in contraction of human and canine mesenteric arterial strips caused by cromakalim was totally reversed by pretreatment with ouabain (1 microM) or glibenclamide (1 microM). On the other hand, in canine mesenteric artery, cromakalim caused a significant stimulation of 22Na+ influx and ouabain-sensitive 86Rb+ uptake in association with increased 86Rb+ efflux, all of which were inhibited by glibenclamide (1 microM). Thus, it is suggested that cromakalim possesses the additional property to stimulate the Na(+)-K+ pump through an elevation in intracellular Na+, resulting in strong relaxation of blood vessels.
|
['Adult', 'Animals', 'Benzopyrans', 'Cromakalim', 'Dogs', 'Female', 'Glyburide', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mesenteric Arteries', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular', 'Ouabain', 'Pyrroles', 'Rubidium Radioisotopes', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Sodium Radioisotopes', 'Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase', 'Vasodilator Agents']
| 8,383,059
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['D03.383.663.283', 'D03.633.100.150'], ['D03.383.129.578.150', 'D03.383.663.283.455', 'D03.633.100.150.455'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['D02.065.950.828.575', 'D02.886.590.795.575'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A07.015.114.565'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.633.570.491', 'A07.015.733.500', 'A10.690.467.491'], ['D04.210.500.155.580.130.750.600', 'D09.408.180.810.600'], ['D03.383.129.578'], ['D01.496.749.740'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['D01.268.549.750.500.800', 'D01.268.557.650.500.800', 'D01.496.749.795', 'D01.496.807.800', 'D01.552.528.850.500.800', 'D01.552.547.725.500.800'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.314.750', 'D12.776.157.530.450.162.780', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.880', 'D12.776.157.530.813.750', 'D12.776.543.585.450.162.800', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.890', 'D12.776.543.585.813.750'], ['D27.505.954.411.918']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Correlation between the age-related memory impairment and the level of free Ca(2+) in brain synaptosomes].
|
In this study, We investigated the changes in the ability of learning-memory of 12-month- and 18-month-old mice, and the intrasynaptosomal Ca(2+) levels of some mouse brain areas (hippocampus, cerebral cortex, corpus quadrigem and cerebellum) on the basis of our last behavior observation and biochemistry detection. Meanwhile, the intrasynaptosomal Ca(2+) levels of the four brain areas were compared between the mice of impaired and good memory. The main results are as follows. With the increase of age, the ability of learning-memory of mice decreased significantly; and the concentration of the intrasynaptosomal free Ca(2+) (i) in mouse brain areas (except for cerebral cortex) increased markedly, especially in the memory-impaired mice. The results suggest that age-related memory impairment may be associated with the overloading of intrasynaptosomal free Ca(2+) (i).
|
['Aging', 'Animals', 'Brain', 'Calcium', 'Discrimination Learning', 'Learning', 'Male', 'Memory', 'Memory Disorders', 'Mice', 'Synaptosomes']
| 11,971,178
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['F02.463.425.280'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['F02.463.425.540'], ['C10.597.606.525', 'C23.888.592.604.529', 'F01.700.625'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A11.284.835.859']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Assessment of antioxidative, chelating, and DNA-protective effects of selected essential oil components (eugenol, carvacrol, thymol, borneol, eucalyptol) of plants and intact Rosmarinus officinalis oil.
|
Selected components of plant essential oils and intact Rosmarinus officinalis oil (RO) were investigated for their antioxidant, iron-chelating, and DNA-protective effects. Antioxidant activities were assessed using four different techniques. DNA-protective effects on human hepatoma HepG2 cells and plasmid DNA were evaluated with the help of the comet assay and the DNA topology test, respectively. It was observed that whereas eugenol, carvacrol, and thymol showed high antioxidative effectiveness in all assays used, RO manifested only antiradical effect and borneol and eucalyptol did not express antioxidant activity at all. DNA-protective ability against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced DNA lesions was manifested by two antioxidants (carvacrol and thymol) and two compounds that do not show antioxidant effects (RO and borneol). Borneol was able to preserve not only DNA of HepG2 cells but also plasmid DNA against Fe(2+)-induced damage. This paper evaluates the results in the light of experiences of other scientists.
|
['Antioxidants', 'Camphanes', 'Chelating Agents', 'Cyclohexanols', 'Cymenes', 'DNA Damage', 'Eucalyptol', 'Eugenol', 'Hep G2 Cells', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Monoterpenes', 'Oils, Volatile', 'Plant Oils', 'Plasmids', 'Rosmarinus', 'Thymol']
| 24,955,655
|
[['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D02.455.426.100.080.050.500', 'D02.455.426.100.080.550.234', 'D02.455.849.575.141.500', 'D04.075.080.500.234'], ['D27.505.519.914.500', 'D27.720.832.500'], ['D02.033.415.510.500', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.318', 'D10.289.510.500'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.310', 'D02.455.849.575.219'], ['G05.200'], ['D02.033.415.510.500.454', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.318.625', 'D02.455.849.575.250', 'D10.289.510.500.454'], ['D02.241.223.200.054.500'], ['A11.251.860.180.432', 'A11.436.348.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['D02.455.849.575'], ['D10.627.675'], ['D10.627.700', 'D20.215.784.750'], ['G05.360.600'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.583.520.757'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.963', 'D02.455.849.575.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Vascular corrosion casting technique steps.
|
The vascular corrosion casting technique produces a replica of vascular beds of normal or pathological tissues. Once associated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), this technique provides details of the three-dimensional anatomic arrangement of the vascular replica, which is the main advantage of this method. The present study is intended to describe the steps of the vascular corrosion casting technique and the different ways to perform them. them.
|
['Animals', 'Capillaries', 'Corrosion Casting', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Neovascularization, Physiologic', 'Wound Healing']
| 17,477,397
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.461.165'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.620.150', 'E01.370.225.750.600.620.150', 'E05.200.500.620.620.150', 'E05.200.750.600.620.150'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['G09.330.630'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Outside-in signaling from integrin alpha IIb beta 3 into platelets in the absence of agonist-induced signaling.
|
Platelet agonists generate intracellular signals which lead to activation of the platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb-IIIa (integrin alpha IIb beta 3). The resulting occupancy of alpha IIb beta 3 by ligands also generates signals into the cell (outside-in signaling). We reported previously that unlike platelet agonists, the F(ab')2 fragments of an anti-alpha IIb beta 3 monoclonal antibody, PMA4, induced fibrinogen binding to alpha IIb beta 3 without causing intracellular activation. In this study, in order to determine whether outside-in signaling occurs in the absence of agonist-induced intracellular signals, we used PMA4 F(ab')2 as an inducer of fibrinogen binding to alpha IIb beta 3. PMA4 F(ab')2-induced fibrinogen binding and subsequent platelet aggregation triggered tyrosine phosphorylation of several proteins including pp72syk but not pp125FAK. No Ca2+ influx or mobilization, thromboxane B2 synthesis, phosphorylation of pleckstrin or the myosin light chain, cytoplasmic alkalinization, or platelet shape changes, were detected. These findings suggest that, in the absence of agonist-induced signaling, alpha IIb beta 3 occupied by soluble fibrinogen generates only a limited outside-in signal.
|
['Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Blood Platelets', 'Calcium', 'Cell Adhesion Molecules', 'Enzyme Precursors', 'Fibrinogen', 'Focal Adhesion Kinase 1', 'Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments', 'Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Phosphorylation', 'Platelet Activation', 'Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex', 'Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'Signal Transduction', 'Syk Kinase', 'Thromboxane B2', 'Tyrosine']
| 9,195,778
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D12.776.395.550.200', 'D12.776.543.550.200', 'D23.050.301.350'], ['D08.622', 'D12.776.811.243'], ['D12.776.124.050.250', 'D12.776.124.125.500', 'D12.776.811.300', 'D23.119.490'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.049.500', 'D12.776.744.493'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.049', 'D12.644.360.287', 'D12.776.476.287'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.541.500.650', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680.650', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680.650', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680.650'], ['D12.644.360', 'D12.776.476'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['G09.188.390.600'], ['D12.776.395.550.625.785', 'D12.776.543.550.625.785', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.460.700', 'D12.776.543.750.705.675.784'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.650', 'D12.644.360.900', 'D12.776.476.913'], ['D10.251.355.255.100.825.810', 'D10.251.355.310.166.971.810'], ['D12.125.072.050.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Characterizing uptake kinetics of PAHs from the air using polyethylene-based passive air samplers of multiple surface area-to-volume ratios.
|
Polyethylene passive sampling devices (PSDs) were deployed to investigate how passive samplers of multiple surface area-to-volume ratios could be used to characterize uptake kinetics for polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Theoretically, uptake profiles for different thickness PSDs of the same surface area should show the following: where uptake is linear, the amount of compound accumulated in the different PSDs will be the same and where equilibrium is approached, the amount accumulated by the different PSDs will be proportional to sampler thickness. Polyethylene sheets of the same surface area and approximately 100 and 200 microm thickness were collected after 30, 60, and 90 days of exposure along with samples from a codeployed high volume sampler. Twelve priority pollutant PAHs could be routinely quantified in replicate PSDs. Overall, reproducibility between replicate PSDs was satisfactory, with normalized differences rarely exceeding 25%. The smallest analytes quantified, fluorene, phenanthrene, and anthracene, were shown to approach equilibrium during the deployment period, whereas uptake for fluoranthene and pyrene moved into the curvilinear stage. For most of the larger molecular weight PAHs such as indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene, uptake could be described using a linear uptake model. Preliminary sampling rates for the compounds which remained in the linear stage of uptake ranged between 0.5 and 1.5 m3 d(-1) dm(-2). Sampler to air partition coefficients were estimated for PAHs which approached equilibrium and predicted for some of the other compounds. Results suggest that a single deployment of PSDs with multiple surface area-to-volume ratios can be sufficient to determine whether uptake was linear or approaching equilibrium for a range of PAHs.
|
['Air Pollutants', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Kinetics', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Molecular Weight', 'Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons', 'Reproducibility of Results']
| 15,180,068
|
[['D27.888.284.101'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.599'], ['G02.494'], ['D02.455.426.559.847', 'D04.615'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Diagnostic approach in mechanical jaundice, complicated by purulent cholangitis].
|
Up-to-date high-informative non-invasive diagnostic methods were used in 54 patients with obstructive jaundice (OJ) complicated by purulent cholangitis (PC). Treatment-diagnostic algorithm can to improve results of diagnosis. This algorithm is the following: ultrasonic examination as a screening method; if a case of jaundice is unclear and obturation is prolonged magnetic-resonance tomography and magnetic-resonance cholangiopancreaticography are carried out; in block of a distal part of the common bile duct--spiral computed tomography with bolus amplification and duodenoscopy. Invasive diagnostic methods--endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTCG) are performed in buit indications in possibility to perform lithextraction and effective endoscopic decompression or in the tumor of Vater's papilla in case of low block. PTCG is used in high block and finished by percutaneous transhepatic bile outflow. General diagnostic efficacy of the complex in OJ was 97.8%. Diagnostic algorithm permitted us to make diagnosis and to start treatment in 85% during 1-2 days after hospitalization. Bile ducts decompression as a main stage of PC treatment was performed in the first 2 days after hospitalization. Diagnostic quest was performed at the same time with therapy after detoxication and correction of hemostasis disturbances.
|
['Cholangitis', 'Cholestasis', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Suppuration']
| 12,861,724
|
[['C06.130.120.200'], ['C06.130.120.135'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['C01.830', 'C23.550.470.756']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Menstrual cycle characteristics in women with persistent schizophrenia.
|
OBJECTIVE: Oestradiol has been implicated in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Women with schizophrenia often suffer with menstrual dysfunction, usually associated with low oestradiol levels, but whether menstrual dysfunction has an effect on their psychiatric symptoms is not well researched. The aim of this study is to document the menstrual characteristics of women with chronic schizophrenia with focus upon menstrual regularity, menstrual cycle length and menstrual symptoms. To determine which patient characteristics are associated with irregular menses and whether irregular menses are associated with the severity of psychotic symptoms, menstrual symptoms or depressive symptoms.METHOD: Cross-sectional analyses using baseline data of women enrolled in a clinical trial. Inclusion criteria include Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fourth Edition, Text Revision diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizoaffective or schizophreniform disorder; aged between 18 and 51 years; residual symptoms of psychosis despite treatment with a stable dose of antipsychotic medication for at least 4 weeks. Menstrual cycle characteristics including regularity, cycle length and menstrual associated symptoms were documented. Symptoms of schizophrenia were measured using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, cognition was measured using Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status and depression was assessed using the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale. Blood samples were collected at baseline for hormone assays.RESULTS: Of the 139 women, 77 (55.4%) had regular menses, 57 (41%) had irregular menses and 5 (3.6%) women had missing data on their menstrual cycle. Use of atypical antipsychotics associated with hyperprolactinaemia was positively associated with irregular menses (odds ratio = 4.4, 95% confidence interval = [1.8, 10.9], p = 0.001), while age more than 30 years was negatively associated (odds ratio = 0.3, 95% confidence interval = [0.1, 0.6], p = 0.004). Women with irregular cycles had significantly lower oestradiol levels than women with regular cycles (213.2 ± 25.0 vs 299.0 ± 27.3, p = 0.03), but there was no difference in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale or Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status between those with regular and irregular cycles. The most common menstrual associated symptoms were decrease in mood with the menstrual cycle (64.8%), bloating (64.8%), cramps (59.7%), back pain (37.6%) and worsening of psychosis symptoms (32.4%).CONCLUSION: Regular menses are associated with higher oestradiol levels and higher rates of cyclical mood symptoms but are not associated with Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale scores. Understanding the effect the menstrual cycle can have on psychiatric illness, such as premenstrual exacerbations, is important for the holistic care of women with schizophrenia.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Depression', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Menstrual Cycle', 'Menstruation Disturbances', 'Middle Aged', 'Schizophrenia', 'Young Adult']
| 26,070,315
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.605'], ['C23.550.568'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F03.700.750'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Hereditary spherocytosis with band 3 deficiency. Association with a nonsense mutation of the band 3 gene (allele Lyon), and aggravation by a low-expression allele occurring in trans (allele Genas).
|
We describe an 18-year-old with moderate hereditary spherocytosis. The condition was associated with a 35% decrease in band 3. The underlying mutation was Arg to stop at codon 150 (CGA-->TGA) and was designated R150X, which defined allele Lyon of the EPB3 gene. The inheritance pattern was dominant. However, the mother, who also carried the allele Lyon, had a milder clinical presentation and only a 16% decrease of band 3. We suggested that the father had transmitted a modifying mutation that remained silent in the heterozygous state. Nucleotide sequencing after single strand conformation polymorphism analysis of the band 3 cDNA and promoter region revealed a G-->A substitution at position 89 from the cap site in the 5'-untranslated region, designated 89G-->A, which defined allele Genas. A ribonuclease protection assay showed that (1) the allele Genas (father) resulted in a 33% decrease in the amount of band 3 mRNA, (2) the reduction caused by the allele Lyon (mother) was 42%, and (3) the compound heterozygous state for both alleles (proband) resulted in a 58% decrease. These results suggest that some mildly deleterious alleles of the EPB3 gene are compensated for by the normal allele in the heterozygous state. They are shown through the aggravation of the clinical picture, based on more obvious molecular alterations when they occur in trans to an allele causing a manifest reduction of band 3 membrane protein concentration.
|
['Alleles', 'Anion Exchange Protein 1, Erythrocyte', 'Base Sequence', 'Heterozygote', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Point Mutation', 'Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational', 'Spherocytosis, Hereditary']
| 8,704,215
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.162.193.500', 'D12.776.157.530.450.437.249.500', 'D12.776.157.530.937.656.249.500', 'D12.776.543.550.190.276.500', 'D12.776.543.550.779.249.500', 'D12.776.543.585.450.162.193.500', 'D12.776.543.585.450.437.249.500', 'D12.776.543.585.937.776.249.500'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G05.380.383'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590.675'], ['G05.365.795.600'], ['C15.378.071.141.150.785', 'C16.320.070.785']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Innovation, public choice and public control in the market for health insurance.
|
Innovation, public choice and public control in the market for health insurance/benefits in the United States are largely dependent upon the ability of the various stakeholders to successfully argue their positions with legislators, regulators, providers, purchasers and third party beneficiaries. Given the public/private nature of health benefits, these relationships are examined in a Stigler/Posner/Peltzman public choice framework. Conflicts among various stakeholders and their ability to influence innovation in the market for health benefits are discussed.
|
['Choice Behavior', 'Conflict of Interest', 'Health Benefit Plans, Employee', 'Health Care Sector', 'Health Expenditures', 'Humans', 'Insurance, Health', 'Investments', 'Organizational Innovation', 'Policy Making', 'Private Sector', 'Public Sector', 'United States']
| 10,387,155
|
[['F02.463.785.373.346'], ['K01.752.566.479.095', 'N05.350.225'], ['N01.824.417.700.325', 'N03.219.521.576.343.290', 'N04.452.677.800.325'], ['J01.576.489', 'N03.219.650'], ['N03.219.151.450', 'N05.300.385'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.219.521.576.343'], ['N03.219.702'], ['N04.452.610'], ['N03.706.742'], ['I01.791', 'N04.452.633.390'], ['I01.795', 'N04.452.633.890'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Influence of fluoxymesterone on in vitro erythropoiesis affected by leukemic cells.
|
To investigate the influence of nonlymphocytic leukemic cells on normal erythropoietic burst-forming units (BFU-E), we cocultured leukemic cells at concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 5.0 X 10(5)/ml with 2 X 10(5) blood mononuclear cells or marrow nucleated cells from normal subjects in a BFU-E assay. The inhibitory effect of leukemic cells on burst formation by normal BFU-E was detected only at a high concentration (5 X 10(5)/ml). Leukemic-cell-conditioned medium (LCCM) was prepared by adding 1.25-10 X 10(6)/ml leukemic cells to culture medium. LCCM caused a dose-dependent inhibition of burst formation by normal BFU-E, but the medium prepared from normal cells did not. To examine the influence of fluoxymesterone (FM) on the inhibition of burst formation, we added 10(-10)-10(-7) M FM to the culture medium. Inhibition of burst formation by normal BFU-E was reduced from 73.4% to 58.2%-63.1%. These results suggest that FM stimulates proliferation and differentiation of normal BFU-E that are affected by inhibitory factors produced by leukemic cells.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cell Line', 'Erythropoiesis', 'Female', 'Fluoxymesterone', 'Humans', 'Leukemia, Myeloid', 'Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 6,584,313
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.152.825.414', 'G09.188.343.414'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.429.154.349', 'D04.210.500.908.466'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.337.539'], ['C04.557.337.539.275'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in a renal allograft.
|
We report a case of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in a cadaver kidney allograft. The patient had diabetic glomerulosclerosis. The predisposing factors that led to this condition included hyperglycemia, a previous rejection reaction and Escherichia coli urinary infection. Persistent fever, pyuria, bacilluria and a nonfunctioning allograft resulted in allograft nephrectomy. The diagnosis was made on histological examination. Diagnostic criteria for xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in the allografted kidney are similar to those in the native kidney.
|
['Adult', 'Escherichia coli Infections', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Pyelonephritis, Xanthogranulomatous', 'Transplantation, Homologous', 'Urinary Tract Infections']
| 3,057,233
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['C23.550.767'], ['C12.777.419.570.643.790.810', 'C12.777.419.570.821.717.810', 'C13.351.968.419.570.643.790.810', 'C13.351.968.419.570.821.717.810'], ['E04.936.864'], ['C01.915', 'C12.777.892', 'C13.351.968.892']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Radiofrequency ablation of rabbit liver: correlation between CT findings and pathological findings].
|
The purpose of this study was to present the time-related imaging findings and correlative pathological findings of irradiated regions in the rabbit liver. RF ablation was carried out on 16 rabbit livers. Irradiated regions were imaged at 3 days, 4 weeks, and 12 weeks. At 3 days, the regions showed a two-zone structure on plain CT and peripheral enhancement on the arterial phase. The regions presented a three-zone structure on pathological study. At 4 weeks, peripheral enhancement had almost disappeared, and a two-zone structure obscured on plain CT. The CT findings reflected pathological changes after RF ablation.
|
['Animals', 'Catheter Ablation', 'Liver', 'Rabbits', 'Time Factors', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 11,828,758
|
[['B01.050'], ['E02.808.750.500', 'E04.014.760.500'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination on nasopharyngeal carriage in children with early onset of acute otitis media - a randomized controlled trial.
|
CONCLUSION: Although children vaccinated with heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) had fewer episodes of acute otitis media (AOM), this trial was unable to prove a simultaneous decrease in nasopharyngeal carriage.OBJECTIVE: Carriage rates of AOM pathogens in the nasopharynx are high among children, and colonization is the first step towards infection. The possible impact of PCV on carriage is therefore of interest, particularly in children with recurrent AOM. The aims of this study were to examine the effect of heptavalent PCV on carriage of AOM pathogens in children at high risk of developing recurrent disease, and to monitor carriage of resistant pathogens in vaccinated and unvaccinated children.METHODS: A total of 109 children with an onset of AOM before 6 months of age, 89 of whom developed recurrent disease, were enrolled in a trial. Fifty-two children were vaccinated and all were closely monitored for 3 years.RESULTS: There was no difference statistically between vaccinated children and controls concerning the carriage of any of the major AOM pathogens. There was evidence of within-child clustering for S. pneumoniae (p = 0.002) and H. influenzae (p < 0.001), indicating that children continued to carry either species over time. Resistance rates were generally low and comparable with national levels.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Age Factors', 'Carrier State', 'Female', 'Haemophilus influenzae', 'Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Moraxella catarrhalis', 'Nasopharynx', 'Otitis Media', 'Pneumococcal Vaccines', 'Recurrence', 'Risk Factors', 'Streptococcus pneumoniae', 'Streptococcus pyogenes', 'Sweden']
| 25,496,176
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['N06.850.520.169'], ['B03.440.450.600.450.330', 'B03.660.250.550.290.330'], ['D20.215.894.135.750.600.500', 'D20.215.894.815.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['B03.440.400.425.537.525.200', 'B03.660.250.530.525.200'], ['A04.623.557', 'A14.724.557'], ['C09.218.705.663'], ['D20.215.894.135.750.600'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.550', 'B03.510.400.800.872.550', 'B03.510.550.737.872.550'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.575', 'B03.510.400.800.872.575', 'B03.510.550.737.872.575'], ['Z01.542.816.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Comparison of self-administered and rater-administered methods of assessing levels of severity of depression in elderly patients.
|
Eighty consecutive attenders (M age = 75 years) in a primary care group practice associated with a teaching hospital in New York were assessed for depression using a self-administered questionnaire, the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and a rater-administered interview, the Short-CARE. The sample was 75% female and 85% black or Hispanic. The response rate of completed interviews was 65% for the Zung SDS and 100% for the Short-CARE. Among the reasons indicated by subjects for not filling out the Zung SDS were visual problems (n = 13, 28%), illiteracy (n = 4, 9%), and lack of motivation/wanted it read to them (n = 16, 34%). Additionally, using the Primary Care Physicians' Questionnaire (PCPQ), results from the Short-CARE and the Zung SDS were compared to primary care physicians' judgments regarding the presence of depression in these patients. The convergent validity coefficient for the Zung SDS with the PCPQ was .65 (kappa = .29); the comparable coefficients for the PCPQ and the Short-CARE Depression Scale were .73 and .46 respectively.
|
['Aged', 'Depression', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interview, Psychological', 'Male', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Self-Assessment', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 3,418,040
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.669.599'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['F01.752.747.792.537'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Methylation status of fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene and its clinical impact on prognosis of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.
|
The fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene plays an important role in anti-cancer and the abnormal methylation of FHIT gene is found in many carcinomas. The epigenetic changes of tumor suppressor genes (TSG) are now recognized as an abnormal mechanism contributing to the development of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). To clarify the role of FHIT in MDS, we examined the methylation status of FHIT in patients with MDS. Methylation-specific polymerase (MSP) chain reaction was performed to detect the aberrant promoter methylation of FHIT gene in 55 patients with MDS. The abnormal methylation of the FHIT gene was found in 26 of 55 (47.2%) MDS cases, but it was not in normal control. No relationship was found between FHIT gene methylation and sex, hematologic parameters, chromosomal abnormalities of MDS patients. However, the significant difference was observed in the frequencies of FHIT gene hypermethylation among patients with RA/RARS (7/25, 28.0%), RAEB (11/18, 61.1%) and RAEBt (8/11, 72.7%) (chi2 value=7.938, P=0.019). Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between the frequency of FHIT gene hypermethylation and different IPSS groups (chi2 value=10.110, P=0.018). The MDS patients with FHIT gene methylation had significantly shorter survival time than those without FHIT methylation (20.0 months vs. 40.0 months, P=0.025). These results suggested that aberrant methylation of the FHIT gene might be one of molecular events involved in the disease progression of MDS and be an adverse prognostic factor in MDS.
|
['Acid Anhydride Hydrolases', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'DNA Methylation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myelodysplastic Syndromes', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Prognosis']
| 18,367,246
|
[['D08.811.277.040'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G02.111.035.538.161', 'G02.111.218', 'G03.059.538.161', 'G05.206'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C15.378.190.625'], ['D12.776.624'], ['E01.789']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Direct synthesis of sensitive selenocysteine peptides by the Ugi reaction.
|
Ammonia and selenoaldehydes are both problematic components in Ugi reactions. Here we report the efficient direct multicomponent synthesis of sensitive selenocysteine peptides without the use of convertible (protected) primary amines, including suitable deprotection protocols for selenols.
|
['Carbonates', 'Molecular Structure', 'Peptides', 'Selenocysteine', 'Trifluoroethanol']
| 23,114,693
|
[['D01.045.125', 'D01.200.275.150', 'D01.248.497.158.165'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D12.644'], ['D02.731.600', 'D02.886.030.230.700', 'D12.125.166.230.700'], ['D02.033.375.880']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Different cortical activity in reading of Kanji words, Kana words and Kana nonwords.
|
We report a positron emission tomography study on reading of Japanese Kanji (morphograms) words, Kana (phonograms) words and Kana nonwords using statistical parametric mapping. Activity was more pronounced in the lateral fusiform gyrus (Area 37) in Kanji, in contrast to the greater activation in the middle and inferior occipital gyri (Areas 18 and 19) and the deep perisylvian temporo-parietal area (Areas 40/22 and 22/21) in Kana, suggesting that Kanji and Kana are processed differently.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Brain Mapping', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Cognition', 'Female', 'Form Perception', 'Handwriting', 'Humans', 'Japan', 'Male', 'Reading', 'Tomography, Emission-Computed']
| 10,666,563
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['F02.463.188'], ['F02.463.593.373', 'F02.463.593.778.435'], ['L01.559.423.906.539'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['L01.559.423.557'], ['E01.370.350.350.800', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800', 'E01.370.350.710.800', 'E01.370.350.825.800', 'E01.370.384.730.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Biplane angiography for experimental validation of computational fluid dynamic models of blood flow in artificial lungs.
|
This article presents an investigation into the validation of velocity fields obtained from computational fluid dynamic (CFD) models of flow through the membrane oxygenators using x-ray digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Computational fluid dynamic is a useful tool in characterizing artificial lung devices, but numerical results must be experimentally validated. We used DSA to visualize flow through a membrane oxygenator at 2 L/min using 37% glycerin at 22°C. A Siemens Artis Zee system acquired biplane x-ray images at 7.5 frames per second, after infusion of an iodinated contrast agent at a rate of 33 ml/s. A maximum cross-correlation (MCC) method was used to track the contrast perfusion through the fiber bundle. For the CFD simulations, the fiber bundle was treated as a single momentum sink according to the Ergun equation. Blood was modeled as a Newtonian fluid, with constant viscosity (3.3 cP) and density (1050 kg/m3). Although CFD results and experimental pressure measurements were in general agreement, the simulated 2 L/min perfusion did not reproduce the flow behavior seen in vitro. Simulated velocities in the fiber bundle were on average 42% lower than experimental values. These results indicate that it is insufficient to use only pressure measurements for validation of the flow field because pressure-validated CFD results can still significantly miscalculate the physical velocity field. We have shown that a clinical x-ray modality, together with a MCC tracking algorithm, can provide a nondestructive technique for acquiring experimental data useful for validation of the velocity field inside membrane oxygenators.
|
['Angiography, Digital Subtraction', 'Computer Simulation', 'Models, Cardiovascular', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Oxygenators, Membrane']
| 23,820,279
|
[['E01.370.350.600.350.700.060', 'E01.370.350.700.060.060', 'E01.370.350.700.700.060', 'E01.370.350.760.060', 'E01.370.370.050.060'], ['L01.224.160'], ['E05.599.395.161'], ['E05.599'], ['E07.652.582']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A role for the RabA4b effector protein PI-4Kbeta1 in polarized expansion of root hair cells in Arabidopsis thaliana.
|
The RabA4b GTPase labels a novel, trans-Golgi network compartment displaying a developmentally regulated polar distribution in growing Arabidopsis thaliana root hair cells. GTP bound RabA4b selectively recruits the plant phosphatidylinositol 4-OH kinase, PI-4Kbeta1, but not members of other PI-4K families. PI-4Kbeta1 colocalizes with RabA4b on tip-localized membranes in growing root hairs, and mutant plants in which both the PI-4Kbeta1 and -4Kbeta2 genes are disrupted display aberrant root hair morphologies. PI-4Kbeta1 interacts with RabA4b through a novel homology domain, specific to eukaryotic type IIIbeta PI-4Ks, and PI-4Kbeta1 also interacts with a Ca2+ sensor, AtCBL1, through its NH2 terminus. We propose that RabA4b recruitment of PI-4Kbeta1 results in Ca2+-dependent generation of PI-4P on this compartment, providing a link between Ca2+ and PI-4,5P2-dependent signals during the polarized secretion of cell wall components in tip-growing root hair cells.
|
['1-Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase', 'Arabidopsis', 'Arabidopsis Proteins', 'Binding Sites', 'Biological Transport', 'Calcimycin', 'Calcium-Binding Proteins', 'Cell Enlargement', 'Cell Polarity', 'Ionophores', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Mutation', 'Plant Roots', 'Protein Binding', 'Two-Hybrid System Techniques', 'rab4 GTP-Binding Proteins', 'trans-Golgi Network']
| 16,567,499
|
[['D08.811.913.696.620.550'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.100'], ['D12.776.765.149'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['G03.143'], ['D03.633.100.221.173'], ['D12.776.157.125'], ['G04.161.500', 'G07.345.249.410.500'], ['G04.250'], ['D27.505.519.562.374', 'D27.720.395'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['G05.365.590'], ['A18.400'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['E05.393.220.870', 'E05.601.690.650', 'E05.601.870'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.400.150', 'D12.644.360.525.400.150', 'D12.776.157.325.515.400.150', 'D12.776.476.525.400.150'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.336.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Impetigo neonatorum congenita caused by B-streptococci (author's transl)].
|
The growing incidence among newborns of B-streptococcal diseases has been accompanied by the appearance of less common findings, such as Impetigo neonatorum bullosa. The pathological pattern is described. Brief reference is made to literature.
|
['Humans', 'Impetigo', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Newborn, Diseases', 'Male', 'Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous', 'Streptococcal Infections', 'Streptococcus agalactiae']
| 7,008,460
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.150.252.410.868.951.360', 'C01.150.252.410.890.587', 'C01.150.252.819.770.360', 'C01.800.720.770.360', 'C17.800.838.765.770.360'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C16.614'], ['C17.800.865'], ['C01.150.252.410.890'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.100', 'B03.510.400.800.872.100', 'B03.510.550.737.872.100']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Multi-centre study of intraurethral valve-pump catheter in women with a hypocontractile or acontractile bladder.
|
OBJECTIVES: To compare the safety, effectiveness and patient satisfaction of an intraurethral valve-pump catheter (In-Flow) versus the current standard of care, clean intermittent catheterization (CIC), for females with hypocontractile or acontractile bladder.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was a multi-centre, prospective, single-arm crossover study. Eligible patients underwent a 1-week In-Flow tolerability trial. Successful patients then continued through an 8-week baseline phase using CIC, followed by a 16-week In-Flow treatment phase, and a final 4-week treatment withdrawal phase. Outcome measures included post-void residual (PVR), Wagner incontinence-specific quality of life (I-QOL), rate of urinary tract infection and adverse events. At study completion, open enrollment was offered.RESULTS: A total of 273 women with a mean age of 48.9 years using CIC entered the study in 18 centres under either the original (n=88) or revised protocols (n=185). The revised protocol included the addition of a 1-week tolerability trial. The reasons for the large early withdrawal of subjects (169/273) were mainly related to initial discomfort and leakage. A total of 77 patients completed the In-Flow treatment phase. PVR was comparable during baseline CIC phase and In-Flow treatment phase (20.3 ml vs. 16.1 ml), with significantly improved quality of life (QOL; mean improvement of I-QOL score +25.9; p<0.001).CONCLUSION: The In-Flow catheter appears to be a viable alternative to CIC. A subgroup of patients, mainly those unsatisfied with the currently available treatments, was more likely to tolerate In-Flow catheters, and they may achieve enhanced independence and QOL.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Equipment Design', 'Equipment Safety', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'North America', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Prospective Studies', 'Quality of Life', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Urinary Bladder Diseases', 'Urinary Catheterization', 'Urinary Incontinence', 'Urinary Tract Infections', 'Urination', 'Withholding Treatment']
| 15,964,124
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['E05.320'], ['E05.330'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.567'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C12.777.829', 'C13.351.968.829'], ['E01.370.390.820', 'E02.148.947', 'E05.157.500'], ['C12.777.934.852', 'C13.351.968.934.814', 'C23.888.942.343.800'], ['C01.915', 'C12.777.892', 'C13.351.968.892'], ['G08.852.880'], ['E02.760.952', 'N02.421.585.952']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Comparative estimation of open and mini-invasive interventions in the treatment of hepatic abscesses and accumulations of liquid of postoperative genesis].
|
A comparative aspect of the treatment results for pyogenic hepatic abscesses and extraorgan accumulations of postoperative liquid, using transcutaneous ultrasonografically controlled and open-access interventions, was studied up in 328 patients. The efficacy and concurrent ability of miniinvasive technologies in such patients was proved.
|
['Drainage', 'Humans', 'Liver Abscess, Pyogenic', 'Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Ultrasonography, Interventional']
| 23,610,810
|
[['E02.309', 'E04.237'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.830.025.020.455.730', 'C06.552.597.758'], ['E04.502'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E01.370.350.850.855', 'E04.502.890']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
National estimates of the use of hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in children with cancer in the United States.
|
National utilization data for hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) for childhood cancers in the United States have not been reported. We identified cancer encounters for children aged 18 years and younger from 1997 to 2001 in US nonfederal, acute care hospitals. We compared patient, hospital, and resource use characteristics and in-patient mortality associated with HSCT and non-HSCT encounters, estimated the number of HSCT encounters by stem-cell source and cancer type, and examined resource use and mortality in each category. We identified 461,175 cancer encounters, of which 6380 (1.4%) were HSCT encounters. There was wide variation in resource use and mortality by stem-cell source and cancer type. Of note, 17% of HSCT encounters were for patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia without remission or sarcoma, conditions for which there is little evidence of benefit from HSCT in children. These encounters were associated with high in-patient mortality and long lengths of stay. Also, we observed an increasing use of cord blood over the study period. Future research should examine potentially important sociodemographic differences in patients undergoing HSCT compared to those who do not. Additional analyses incorporating disease stage and severity are needed.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Hospital Costs', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Neoplasms', 'Retrospective Studies', 'United States']
| 15,995,713
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687.500'], ['N03.219.151.400.687', 'N03.219.262.500', 'N05.300.375.500'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.400', 'N01.224.935.698.400', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.400', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Adult body size and physical activity in relation to risk of breast cancer according to tumor androgen receptor status.
|
BACKGROUND: Obesity and physical activity have been hypothesized to affect breast cancer risk partly via the androgen signaling pathway. We conducted the first study to evaluate these associations by tumor androgen receptor (AR) status.METHODS: Height, weight, and physical activity were assessed using questionnaires in the Nurses' Health Study. AR, estrogen receptor (ER), and progesterone receptor (PR) status were determined using immunohistochemistry on tumor tissue and medical/pathology reports.RESULTS: A total of 1,701 AR(+) and 497 AR(-) cases were documented during 26 years of follow-up of 103,577 women. After adjusting for ER/PR status and other risk factors, the relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for every 5 kg/m(2) increase in body mass index (BMI) were 1.07 (1.01-1.13) for AR(+) and 1.16 (1.05-1.29) for AR(-) tumors (P-heterogeneity = 0.17). The RRs (95% CIs) per 5 hours of brisk walking/week were 0.87 (0.73-1.04) for AR(+) and 0.67 (0.45-0.99) for AR(-) tumors (P-heterogeneity = 0.22). Further, BMI, but not physical activity, associations differed significantly across ER/PR/AR subtypes (P-heterogeneity = 0.04 and 0.63, respectively). The RRs (95% CIs) for 5 kg/m(2) increase in BMI were 1.23 (1.04-1.45) for ER(+)PR(+)AR(-), 1.19 (1.01-1.39) for ER(-)PR(-)AR(-), 1.15 (1.08-1.23) for ER(+)PR(+)AR(+), and 0.88 (0.75-1.03) for ER(+)PR(-)AR(+) tumors.CONCLUSIONS: Higher BMI was associated with an increased risk of both AR(+) and AR(-) breast tumors in postmenopausal women, whereas physical activity, including brisk walking, was associated with a reduced risk of both subtypes. In addition, a significant positive association was observed between higher BMI and ER(-)PR(-)AR(-) tumors.IMPACT: The similar associations observed by AR status suggest that mechanisms other than androgen signaling underlie these two breast cancer risk factors.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Body Size', 'Body Weight', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Exercise', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Middle Aged', 'Motor Activity', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Nursing Staff', 'Obesity', 'Postmenopause', 'Prognosis', 'Receptors, Androgen', 'Receptors, Estrogen', 'Receptors, Progesterone', 'Risk Factors']
| 25,855,627
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['D23.101.140'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160', 'E05.041.124.160', 'G07.100.100.160', 'G07.345.249.314'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['E01.789.625'], ['M01.526.485.680', 'N02.360.680'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['G08.686.157.500.625', 'G08.686.841.249.500.625'], ['E01.789'], ['D12.776.826.750.150'], ['D12.776.826.750.350', 'D12.776.930.778.350'], ['D12.776.826.750.765'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Antibiotic use on German pig farms - A longitudinal analysis for 2011, 2013 and 2014.
|
To study antibiotic use in livestock in a temporal context with the development of antimicrobial resistance, long-term changes in antibiotic use must be mapped and their possible causes must be explored. Therefore, the present work assesses the changes in antibiotic use over time in German livestock husbandry. In addition, factors associated with antibiotic use were analyzed to identify possible strategies for further reducing antimicrobial usage. For 2011, 2013 and 2014, antibiotic usage data were collected and examined within the VetCAb project. Three hundred participating pig holdings provided information on their antibiotic use based on obligatory application and delivery forms (ADFs) filled in by their veterinarian as well as information on their current stabling capacities for each production type held. Data on sow, piglet, weaner and fattening pig holdings were described separately, using the semi-annual treatment frequency (TF) to measure antibiotic consumption. Multiple linear mixed models were used to investigate the effects of time, farm size, region and farm management category on the treatment frequency. The study yielded significant time changes with p-values below 0.001 in antibiotic administration with a decreasing median TF in piglets from 3.8 in the first half of 2011 (IQR = 1.1-10.6) to 1.7 in the second half of 2014 (IQR = 0.2-4.5) and in fattening pigs from 5.1 in the first half of 2011 (IQR = 0.2-15.4) to 0.7 in the second half of 2014 (IQR = 0.1-6.7). Meanwhile the TF fluctuated between 8.2 and 12.2 in weaners during the observational period (IQRs between zero (lower quartile) and 37.9 (upper quartile)). Piglet, weaner and fattening pig holdings belonging to the upper third of the holdings in size used significantly more antibiotics than the other holdings investigated. Particularly for weaner and fattening pig holdings, a higher TF was noted for farms without breeding units. The region was only a significant factor in weaners. In conclusion, for 2011, 2013 and 2014, the present study shows a clear reduction in antibiotic treatment frequency in German pig holdings. In addition, the association with various factors such as herd size and farm organization on the antibiotic usage frequency is indisputable. Therefore, these factors should be included in monitoring systems and considered when evaluating intervention measures.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Drug Utilization', 'Farms', 'Germany', 'History, 21st Century', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Regression Analysis', 'Swine']
| 29,969,477
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['N04.452.706.477'], ['J01.040.372', 'J03.540.150'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['K01.400.504.984'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Morphological changes during maturation of starfish oocytes: surface ultrastructure and cortical actin.
|
The cell surface and extracellular investments of oocytes of the starfish Pisaster ochraceus are analyzed by Nomarski differential interference contrast microscopy and by scanning electron microscopy. The investing coats include a thin sheet of follicle cells, a jelly coat, and a vitelline layer; their morphologies are described. Methods are outlined for systematically removing them without altering the behavior of the oocyte so that the cell surface can be examined directly. The topography of denuded oocytes changes dramatically when they are treated with the maturation-inducing hormone, 1-methyladenine. The major topographical change is the early and transient formation of prominent surface spikes. These structures arise due to the rapid, reversible polymerization of actin into stout bundles. Polymerization and subsequent depolymerization of cortical actin is monitored by epifluorescence microscopy of oocytes stained with NBD-phallacidin, a stain which is specific for polymerized actin. Based on scanning electron microscopy, spikes apparently utilize preexisting plasma membrane of microvilli, and plasma membrane is apparently lost when spikes collapse. Long after microvilli are eliminated due to spike formation, the number of microvilli is somewhat restored, especially around the animal pole where the polar body forms. A chronology of events observed during oocyte maturation is discussed with reference to the possible mechanisms and implications of polymerization and depolymerization of cortical actin.
|
['Actins', 'Adenine', 'Animals', 'Extracellular Space', 'Female', 'Meiosis', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Oocytes', 'Oogenesis', 'Ovarian Follicle', 'Ovum', 'Starfish']
| 6,683,686
|
[['D05.750.078.730.250', 'D12.776.210.500.100', 'D12.776.220.525.255'], ['D03.633.100.759.138'], ['B01.050'], ['A10.082.500', 'A11.284.295'], ['G04.144.220.220.687', 'G05.113.220.687'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['A05.360.490.690.680', 'A11.497.497.600'], ['G04.152.650.249', 'G08.686.784.310.500'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.535', 'A06.300.312.497.535'], ['A05.360.490.690', 'A11.497.497', 'A16.690'], ['B01.050.500.408.765']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Basal and stretch-augmented natriuretic peptide secretion by quiescent rat atria.
|
Absolute rates of immunoreactive atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) secretion were measured in vitro at 37 degrees C in noncontracting preparations of combined right and left rat atria at constant distending pressures of 0 or 5.1 mmHg in presence of 0.2 mM extracellular Ca2+ concentration [( Ca2+]o), 10 microM ryanodine, and either 1 microM saxitoxin or 10 microM tetrodotoxin. By systematic deletion of external Na+, K+, Mg2+, Cl-, or HCO3-, and reduction of [Ca2+]o, and by selective ion transport inhibitors, neither net transplasmalemmal fluxes of Na+, Cl-, HCO3-, and Mg2+ nor ryanodine-sensitive Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) was found necessary for stretch augmentation of secretory rate (Ra). Ra 1) was near zero within 20 min when extracellular Na+ concentration = 0 and [Ca2+]o = 20 microM and within 5 min or less after preincubation with caffeine, 8-chlorophenylthioadenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate, or at 18 degrees C; 2) was significantly decreased by Cd2+, Ni2+, the isoquinoline H-7, and trifluoperazine but not 100 microM ryanodine; 3) was increased by neomycin; and 4) had an apparent activation energy of 18.5 +/- 4.1 x 10(3) cal/mol between 23 and 42 degrees C. These experiments strongly implicated transplasmalemmal Ca2+ influx and cAMP but not SR Ca2+ release in control of Ra under the experimental conditions studied.
|
['Amiloride', 'Animals', 'Atrial Function', 'Atrial Natriuretic Factor', 'Cadmium', 'Calcium Channel Blockers', 'Female', 'Heart', 'Heart Atria', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Kinetics', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Myocardial Contraction', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Ryanodine', 'Saxitoxin', 'Tetrodotoxin', 'Thermodynamics']
| 2,146,883
|
[['D03.383.679.149'], ['B01.050'], ['G09.330.040'], ['D06.472.699.584.500', 'D12.644.548.585.500'], ['D01.268.556.137', 'D01.268.956.061', 'D01.552.544.137'], ['D27.505.519.562.249', 'D27.505.696.260.500', 'D27.505.954.411.192'], ['A07.541'], ['A07.541.358'], ['E05.481'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['G09.330.580', 'G11.427.494.570'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D02.455.849.291.686', 'D03.132.740', 'D03.383.129.578.805'], ['D03.633.100.759.794', 'D20.888.590.662', 'D23.946.580.590.662', 'D23.946.580.830', 'D23.946.833.590.662'], ['D03.633.100.786.910', 'D23.946.580.910'], ['G01.906']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Visual and auditory neurotoxicity in patients receiving subcutaneous deferoxamine infusions.
|
Of 89 patients receiving nightly subcutaneous deferoxamine for transfusion-dependent thalassemia major or Diamond-Blackfan anemia, 13 presented with visual loss or deafness of acute onset or both. Detailed ophthalmologic, audiologic, and evoked-potential studies uncovered abnormalities caused by neurotoxicity in 27 more. Four patients with visual loss had optic neuropathy, with a marked decrease in acuity, loss of color vision, and delayed visual evoked potentials. Five asymptomatic patients had changes in the pigment of the retinal epithelium. The hearing loss was characterized by a high-frequency sensorineural deficit, which necessitated hearing aids in six patients. When deferoxamine was stopped, recovery of vision was complete in 2 patients and partial in 2, and in 22 patients with abnormal audiograms, reversal of the hearing deficit was complete in 4 and partial in 1. An analysis of the clinical data showed that members of the affected group were younger, had lower serum ferritin values, and were self-administering higher doses of deferoxamine per kilogram of body weight. Significantly lower doses of deferoxamine were being taken by patients without abnormalities than by those with visual symptoms, abnormal audiograms, or prolonged evoked potentials (P less than 0.001, less than 0.006, and less than 0.04, respectively). The data implicate high-dose deferoxamine as a central factor in the pathogenesis of the neurotoxicity. We strongly recommend careful regulation of the deferoxamine dosage and serial audiovisual monitoring in all patients receiving the drug.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Anemia, Aplastic', 'Audiometry', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Color Vision Defects', 'Deferoxamine', 'Evoked Potentials, Auditory', 'Evoked Potentials, Visual', 'Ferritins', 'Hearing Loss, Sensorineural', 'Humans', 'Infusions, Parenteral', 'Injections, Subcutaneous', 'Pigment Epithelium of Eye', 'Thalassemia', 'Vision Disorders', 'Visual Acuity']
| 3,485,251
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['C15.378.071.085', 'C15.378.190.223.250'], ['E01.370.382.375.060'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C10.597.751.941.256', 'C11.270.151.500', 'C11.966.256', 'C23.888.592.763.941.256'], ['D02.092.570.394.265', 'D02.241.511.372.265'], ['G07.265.216.500.370', 'G07.888.250', 'G11.561.200.500.370'], ['G07.265.216.500.425', 'G11.561.200.500.425', 'G14.330'], ['D12.776.157.427.249', 'D12.776.556.579.249'], ['C09.218.458.341.887', 'C10.597.751.418.341.887', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.887'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.510'], ['E02.319.267.530.620'], ['A09.371.670', 'A10.272.640'], ['C15.378.071.141.150.875', 'C15.378.420.826', 'C16.320.070.875', 'C16.320.365.826'], ['C10.597.751.941', 'C11.966', 'C23.888.592.763.941'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Gastric electrical stimulation with Enterra therapy improves symptoms of idiopathic gastroparesis.
|
BACKGROUND: Gastric electrical stimulation (GES) is a therapeutic option for intractable symptoms of gastroparesis (GP). Idiopathic GP (ID-GP) represents a subset of GP.AIMS: A prospective, multicenter, double-blinded, randomized, crossover study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Enterra GES in the treatment of chronic vomiting in ID-GP.METHODS: Thirty-two ID-GP subjects (mean age 39; 81% F, mean 7.7 years of GP) were implanted with GES. The stimulator was turned ON for 1½ months followed by double-blind randomization to consecutive 3-month crossover periods with the device either ON or OFF. ON stimulation was followed in unblinded fashion for another 4.5 months. Twenty-five subjects completed the crossover phase and 21 finished 1 year of follow-up.KEY RESULTS: During the unblinded ON period, there was a reduction in weekly vomiting frequency (WVF) from baseline (61.2%, P < 0.001). There was a non-significant reduction in WVF between ON vs OFF periods (the primary outcome) with median reduction of 17% (P > 0.10). Seventy-five percent of patients preferred the ON vs OFF period (P = 0.021). At 1 year, WVF remained decreased (median reduction = 87%, P < 0.001), accompanied by improvements in GP symptoms, gastric emptying and days of hospitalization (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES: (i) In this prospective study of Enterra GES for ID-GP, there was a reduction in vomiting during the initial ON period; (ii) The double-blind 3-month periods showed a non-significant reduction in vomiting in the ON vs OFF period, the primary outcome variable; (iii) At 12 months with ON stimulation, there was a sustained decrease in vomiting and days of hospitalizations.
|
['Adult', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Electric Stimulation Therapy', 'Electrodes, Implanted', 'Female', 'Gastroparesis', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vomiting', 'Young Adult']
| 23,895,180
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['E02.331', 'E02.779.468', 'E02.831.535.468'], ['E07.305.250.319', 'E07.695.202'], ['C06.405.748.543', 'C23.888.592.636.263'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C23.888.821.937'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Exposure duration: effects on eyewitness accuracy and confidence.
|
The current study examined the relationship between the length of exposure to a face in an eyewitness setting and identification accuracy and confidence. A sample of 164 young (ages 17-25) and older (ages 59-81) adults viewed a simulated crime in which they saw the culprit's face for a short (12 s) or long (45 s) duration. They were then tested with a target absent (a line-up not containing the culprit) or target present line-up. Identification accuracy rates for both young and older participants were significantly higher under the long exposure condition. In the short exposure condition, witnesses who had made a correct identification of the target were more confident than incorrect witnesses. In the long exposure condition the confidence ratings of accurate and inaccurate witnesses did not differ. Discussion focuses on the extent to which extended exposure may inflate confidence judgments and variables that may moderate the relationship between exposure duration and face recognition accuracy.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Recognition, Psychology', 'Repression, Psychology', 'Space Perception', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Time Factors', 'Visual Perception']
| 14,511,547
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F02.463.425.540.706'], ['F01.393.821'], ['F02.463.593.778'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['G01.910.857'], ['F02.463.593.932']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Adsorption and oxidation of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole-5-one (NTO) and its transformation product (3-amino-1,2,4-triazole-5-one, ATO) at ferrihydrite and birnessite surfaces.
|
The emerging insensitive munitions compound (IMC) 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole-5-one (NTO) is currently being used to replace conventional explosives such as 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (RDX), but the environmental fate of this increasingly widespread IMC remains poorly understood. Upon release from unexploded solid phase ordinances, NTO exhibits high aqueous solubility and, hence, potential mobilization to groundwater. Adsorption and abiotic transformation at metal oxide surfaces are possible mechanisms for natural attenuation. Here, the reactions at ferrihydrite and birnessite surfaces of NTO and its biotransformation product, 3-amino-1, 2, 4-triazol-5-one (ATO), were studied in stirred batch reactor systems at controlled pH (7.0). The study was carried out at metal oxide solid to solution ratios (SSR) of 0.15, 1.5 and 15 g kg-1. The samples were collected at various time intervals up to 3 h after reaction initiation, and analyzed using HPLC with photodiode array and mass spectrometric detection. We found no detectable adsorption or transformation of NTO upon reaction with birnessite, whereas ATO was highly susceptible to oxidation by the same mineral, showing nearly complete transformation within 5 min at 15 g kg-1 SSR to urea, CO2(g) and N2(g). The mean surface-area-normalized pseudo-first order rate constant (k) for ATO oxidation by birnessite across all SSRs was 0.05 ± 0.022 h-1 m-2, and oxidation kinetics were independent of dissolved O2 concentration. Both NTO and ATO were resistant to oxidation by ferrihydrite. However, NTO showed partial removal from solution upon reaction with ferrihydrite at 0.15 and 1.5 g kg-1 SSR and complete loss at 15 g kg-1 SSR due to strong adsorption. Conversely, ATO adsorption to ferrihydrite was much weaker than that measured for NTO.
|
['Adsorption', 'Amitrole', 'Biotransformation', 'Explosive Agents', 'Ferric Compounds', 'Groundwater', 'Kinetics', 'Models, Chemical', 'Nitro Compounds', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Oxides', 'Triazoles', 'Urea']
| 29,738,948
|
[['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['D03.383.129.799.100'], ['G03.171', 'G03.787.225', 'G07.690.725.225'], ['D27.720.317'], ['D01.490.100'], ['G01.311.355'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.599.495'], ['D02.640'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D01.248.497.158.685', 'D01.650.550'], ['D03.383.129.799'], ['D02.065.950']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Injury deaths in the adolescent population of Finland: a 43-year secular trend analysis between 1971 and 2013.
|
BACKGROUND: Injuries are a major public health problem worldwide, being the leading cause of death in children and adolescents in developed countries. However, knowledge on recent secular trends in injury deaths of adolescents is sparse.METHODS: Using Official Cause-of-Death Statistics of Finland, we examined the nationwide trends in the age- and sex-specific incidence rates of fatal injuries among 10-14-year-old and 15-19-year-old adolescents in Finland between 1971 and 2013.RESULTS: The incidence rate of fatal injuries decreased considerably in both age groups during the 43-year follow-up period. The decline in injury deaths was mainly due to decreased deaths in traffic accidents. The number of drownings reached the ultimate goal-that is, there were no drownings in Finnish 10-19-year-old adolescents in 2013. The rates of intentional injury deaths remained stable in girls, while in 15-19-year-old boys a decreasing trend was evident. During the deep economic depression in 1990, the incidence of suicide in 15-19-year-old boys was as high as 40.1. At that time, boys' suicide risk was 7.4 times higher than that of girls. Since then, boys' risk for suicide has clearly decreased and was 1.6 times higher than the corresponding risk in girls in 2013.CONCLUSIONS: The incidence rate of fatal injuries decreased considerably in Finnish adolescents during the period 1971-2013. The clearest change occurred in road traffic injuries and drownings. The rates of intentional injury deaths remained unaltered in girls while 15-19-year-old boys showed a decreasing trend.
|
['Accidental Falls', 'Accidents, Traffic', 'Adolescent', 'Age Distribution', 'Cause of Death', 'Child', 'Drowning', 'Female', 'Finland', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Homicide', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Sex Distribution', 'Suicide', 'Wounds and Injuries', 'Young Adult']
| 26,701,984
|
[['N06.850.135.122'], ['N06.850.135.392'], ['M01.060.057'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.250', 'N01.224.935.698.100', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.250', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.250'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C23.550.260.393', 'C26.304', 'N06.850.135.696'], ['Z01.542.816.186'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['I01.198.240.470', 'I01.880.735.344'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['F01.145.126.980.875', 'I01.880.735.856'], ['C26'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Genetic (idiopathic) generalized epilepsy with occipital semiology.
|
Idiopathic photosensitive occipital lobe epilepsy (IPOE) is a syndrome that should be suspected in patients with seizures with occipital semiology, photosensitivity, and normal MRI. It should be distinguished from occipital epilepsy of unknown aetiology (cryptogenic) given the differences in management. We reviewed patients with occipital seizures which were investigated in our epilepsy unit during the last three years. Three patients were identified with features of IPOE and genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE), formerly known as idiopathic generalized epilepsy, and their clinical characteristics were analysed. We propose the term "idiopathic generalized epilepsy with occipital semiology" based on the significance of managing and treating this syndrome as a GGE.
|
['Adult', 'Electroencephalography', 'Epilepsy, Generalized', 'Epilepsy, Reflex', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Occipital Lobe', 'Young Adult']
| 30,361,187
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['C10.228.140.490.375'], ['C10.228.140.490.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.571'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A Fresh Pair of Eyes: A Blind Observation Method for Evaluating Social Skills of Children with ASD in a Naturalistic Peer Situation in School.
|
The Social skills Observation Measure (SOM) is a direct observation method for social skills used in naturalistic everyday situations in school. This study describes the development of the SOM and investigates its psychometric properties in 86 children with Autism spectrum disorder, aged 9.8-13.1 years. The interrater reliability was found to be good to excellent. The convergent validity was low in relation to parent and teacher reports of social skills, and also to parent interview on adaptive social functioning. Therefore this direct observation seems to provide additional information on the frequency and quality of social behaviors in daily life situations. As such it contributes to parent and teacher information as a blind measurement to evaluate Social Skills Training.
|
['Adolescent', 'Autism Spectrum Disorder', 'Child', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Observation', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Psychometrics', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Schools', 'Social Adjustment', 'Social Skills']
| 27,289,230
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F03.625.164.113'], ['M01.060.406'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.581.249'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['F04.711.780'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['I02.783', 'J03.832'], ['F01.145.813.621'], ['F01.145.813.828', 'F01.829.401.737']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Identification of the histidine residues involved in substrate recognition by a rat H+/peptide cotransporter, PEPT1.
|
The LLC-PK1 cells stably transfected with a rat PEPT1 cDNA transported ceftibuten (anion) and cephradine (zwitterion), both oral beta-lactam antibiotics, in a H+-gradient-dependent manner. Diethylpyrocarbonate, a histidine residue modifier, abolished ceftibuten uptake. This inhibition was prevented in the presence of glycylsarcosine or cephradine. When expressed in Xenopus oocytes, replacement of either histidine 57 or histidine 121 of the rat PEPT1 with glutamine by site-directed mutagenesis eliminated ceftibuten and [14C]glycylsarcosine transport activities. Immunostaining of oocyte sections indicated that insertion of the mutant transporters in the plasma membranes was not impaired. These findings suggest that both histidine 57 and histidine 121, which are conserved in the rat, rabbit and human PEPT1, are involved in substrate recognition of this molecule.
|
['Animals', 'Blotting, Western', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Ceftibuten', 'Cephalosporins', 'Cephradine', 'Diethyl Pyrocarbonate', 'Dipeptides', 'Histidine', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'LLC-PK1 Cells', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Oocytes', 'Peptide Transporter 1', 'Plasmids', 'Rats', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Swine', 'Symporters', 'Transfection', 'Xenopus']
| 8,843,163
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['D12.776.157'], ['D02.065.589.099.249.187', 'D02.886.665.074.187', 'D03.633.100.300.249.187'], ['D02.065.589.099.249', 'D02.886.665.074', 'D03.633.100.300.249'], ['D02.065.589.099.249.200.185', 'D02.886.665.074.200.185', 'D03.633.100.300.249.200.185'], ['D02.241.081.420.750.250'], ['D12.644.456.345'], ['D12.125.072.329', 'D12.125.142.308'], ['G02.300'], ['A11.251.210.520', 'A11.436.520'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['A05.360.490.690.680', 'A11.497.497.600'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.625.202', 'D12.776.157.530.937.613', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625.202', 'D12.776.543.585.937.702'], ['G05.360.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.828'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.625', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.610.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Susceptibility of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) to Metarhizium brunneum F52 (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) using three exposure assays in the laboratory.
|
An emulsifiable concentrate (EC) and granular (G) formulation of the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium brunneum strain F52 (formerly Metarhizium anisopliae strain F52) were tested against unfed adults and nymphs of Ixodes scapularis Say in the laboratory. Three exposure methods; dip, surface contact, and direct spray application, and three exposure time intervals (3, 30, and 300 min) were used to evaluate the EC formulation. Application rates ranged from 2.6 x 10(2) to 2.6 x 10(8) conidia/cm2. The surface treatment was used for granular formulation with concentrations ranging from 2.3 x 10(5) to 2.3 x 10(7) conidia/cm2 for same three exposure times. Both the EC and G formulations of this fungus were highly pathogenic against I. scapularis adults and nymphs. Logistic regression analysis found formulation, spore concentration, time of exposure, and observation period were significant or highly significant factors influencing tick mortality. For adult I. scapularis, the spray application with the EC formulation of M. brunneum F52 resulted in a lower LC50 (5.9 x 10(4) conidia/cm2) at 30 min than surface exposure to the EC (LC50 = 1.3 x 10(6) conidia/cm2) or G formulation (LC50 = 8.1 x 10(5) conidia/cm2). At higher concentrations, fungal activity was evident in adult I. scapularis held at 5 degrees C suggesting the fungus may provide control in the cooler fall season. While the observed pathogenicity of a fungus against ticks can be dependent upon the bioassay assessment, we found nymphs and adults of I. scapularis to be highly susceptible to M. brunneum F52, regardless of the exposure method used.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Control Agents', 'Female', 'Ixodes', 'Larva', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Metarhizium', 'Nymph', 'Pest Control, Biological']
| 22,420,275
|
[['B01.050'], ['D20.215.113'], ['B01.050.500.131.166.132.832.400.425'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['B01.300.107.501.490', 'B01.300.381.541'], ['B05.500.650', 'G07.345.500.550.500.650'], ['N06.850.780.200.650.650']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
CXCR4-transgene expression significantly improves marrow engraftment of cultured hematopoietic stem cells.
|
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) lose marrow reconstitution potential during ex vivo culture. HSC migration to stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1 (CXCL12) correlates with CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) expression and marrow engraftment. We demonstrate that mobilized human CD34+ peripheral blood stem cells (CD34+ PBSCs) lose CXCR4 expression during prolonged culture. We transduced CD34+ PBSCs with retrovirus vector encoding human CXCR4 and achieved 18-fold more CXCR4 expression in over 87% of CD34+ cells. CXCR4-transduced cells yielded increased calcium flux and up to a 10-fold increase in migration to SDF-1. Six-day cultured CXCR4-transduced cells demonstrated significant engraftment in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mice under conditions in which control transduced cells resulted in low or no engraftment. We conclude that transduction-mediated overexpression of CXCR4 significantly improves marrow engraftment of cultured PBSCs.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, CD34', 'Bone Marrow Cells', 'Calcium', 'Cell Movement', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Gene Transfer Techniques', 'Graft Survival', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cells', 'Humans', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Mice', 'Mice, SCID', 'NADPH Oxidase 2', 'NADPH Oxidases', 'Receptors, CXCR4', 'Signal Transduction', 'Time Factors', 'Transgenes']
| 15,579,633
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050.301.264.035.134', 'D23.101.100.110.134'], ['A11.148', 'A15.378.316'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['E05.393.350'], ['G12.875.545.340'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687.500'], ['A11.148.378', 'A11.872.378', 'A15.378.316.378'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.780'], ['D08.811.682.608.575.875', 'D12.776.331.894.875', 'D12.776.543.653.875'], ['D08.811.682.608.575', 'D12.776.331.894', 'D12.776.543.653'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.160.500.400', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.125.500.400', 'D12.776.543.750.830.700.650'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['G01.910.857'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.825']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Genetic and neuronal mechanisms governing the sex-specific interaction between sleep and sexual behaviors in Drosophila.
|
Animals execute one particular behavior among many others in a context-dependent manner, yet the mechanisms underlying such behavioral choice remain poorly understood. Here we studied how two fundamental behaviors, sex and sleep, interact at genetic and neuronal levels in Drosophila. We show that an increased need for sleep inhibits male sexual behavior by decreasing the activity of the male-specific P1 neurons that coexpress the sex determination genes fru M and dsx, but does not affect female sexual behavior. Further, we delineate a sex-specific neuronal circuit wherein the P1 neurons encoding increased courtship drive suppressed male sleep by forming mutually excitatory connections with the fru M -positive sleep-controlling DN1 neurons. In addition, we find that FRUM regulates male courtship and sleep through distinct neural substrates. These studies reveal the genetic and neuronal basis underlying the sex-specific interaction between sleep and sexual behaviors in Drosophila, and provide insights into how competing behaviors are co-regulated.Genes and circuits involved in sleep and sexual arousal have been extensively studied in Drosophila. Here the authors identify the sex determination genes fruitless and doublesex, and a sex-specific P1-DN1 neuronal feedback that governs the interaction between these competing behaviors.
|
['Animals', 'Courtship', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Drosophila Proteins', 'Drosophila melanogaster', 'Female', 'Male', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Neurons', 'Sex Characteristics', 'Sexual Behavior, Animal', 'Sleep', 'Transcription Factors']
| 28,754,889
|
[['B01.050'], ['F01.145.802.279'], ['D12.776.260'], ['D12.776.093.500.462'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250.500'], ['D12.776.631'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['G08.686.815'], ['F01.145.113.252.748'], ['F02.830.855', 'G11.561.803'], ['D12.776.930']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Light traffic: photo-crosslinking a novel transport system.
|
The Tat protein transporter is found in the membranes of many bacteria and in plant chloroplasts. This highly unusual transport machine moves folded and often oligomeric substrate proteins across energy-conserving membranes. A recent paper reports the first use of a photo-crosslinking approach to dissect the early recognition events between the transporter and its substrate.
|
['Amino Acid Motifs', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Amino Acid Substitution', 'Arginine', 'Bacteria', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Biological Transport', 'Chloroplasts', 'Consensus Sequence', 'Cross-Linking Reagents', 'Escherichia coli Proteins', 'Gene Products, tat', 'Light', 'Lysine', 'Membrane Transport Proteins', 'Models, Biological', 'Plant Proteins', 'Protein Folding', 'Protein Sorting Signals', 'Protein Transport', 'Substrate Specificity', 'Thylakoids']
| 15,106,605
|
[['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500', 'G02.111.570.820.709.600.500'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['E05.393.420.601.035', 'G05.558.109'], ['D12.125.068.050', 'D12.125.095.104', 'D12.125.142.087'], ['B03'], ['D12.776.097'], ['G03.143'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.700.140'], ['G02.111.570.580.175'], ['D27.720.470.410.210'], ['D12.776.097.275'], ['D12.776.260.755.199', 'D12.776.930.900.199', 'D12.776.964.900.750.750', 'D12.776.964.925.984.400'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['D12.125.068.555', 'D12.125.095.647', 'D12.125.142.497'], ['D12.776.157.530', 'D12.776.543.585'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D12.776.765'], ['G01.154.651', 'G02.111.688'], ['D12.644.770', 'G02.111.570.060.670'], ['G03.143.700'], ['G02.111.835'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.700.140.800']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Levosimendan improves renal function in patients with acute decompensated heart failure: comparison with dobutamine.
|
BACKGROUND: Levosimendan is a relatively new cardiac inotropic agent with calcium sensitizing activity. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of levosimendan (L) and dobutamine (D) on renal function in patients hospitalized with decompensated heart failure (HF).METHOD: The present study included 88 consecutive patients hospitalized with acutely decompensated HF (New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class 3-4) requiring inotropic therapy. Patients were randomized 2:1 to either L or D for intravenous inotropic support. Diuretic therapy was kept constant during infusions. Renal function values, including serum creatinine (CR), blood urea nitrogen, 24-h urinary output levels and calculated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were measured just prior to and 24 h after the infusions in all patients, and 48 and 72 h after the infusions in every second patient in both groups. The pre and post-infusion values of renal function and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were evaluated.RESULTS: LVEF increased significantly in both groups. Those in L showed a significant improvement in calculated GFR after 24 h, whereas those in D showed no significant change (median in change in L:+15.3%, median change in D: -1.33%). Furthermore, in the L group a significant improvement was observed in calculated GFR after 72 h compared to baseline levels, whereas in D no significant change (median change in L:+45.45%, median change in D: +0.09%) was seen. Both agents improved 24-h urinary output.CONCLUSION: Levosimendan seems to provide beneficial effects in terms of improvement in renal function compared to dobutamine in patients with heart failure who require inotropic therapy.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Aged', 'Cardiotonic Agents', 'Dobutamine', 'Female', 'Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'Heart Failure', 'Humans', 'Hydrazones', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pyridazines', 'Simendan', 'Urination']
| 17,952,581
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.411.222', 'D27.720.799.080'], ['D02.092.311.220', 'D02.092.471.683.410', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.220'], ['E01.370.390.400.300', 'G08.852.357'], ['C14.280.434'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.442.288'], ['A05.810.453'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D03.383.710'], ['D02.442.288.610', 'D03.383.710.802'], ['G08.852.880']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Development of an Automatic Alpine Skiing Turn Detection Algorithm Based on a Simple Sensor Setup.
|
In order to gain insight into skiing performance, it is necessary to determine the point where each turn begins. Recent developments in sensor technology have made it possible to develop simpler automatic turn detection methodologies, however they are not feasible for regular use. The aim of this study was to develop a sensor set up and an algorithm to precisely detect turns during alpine ski, which is feasible for a daily use. An IMU was attached to the posterior upper cuff of each ski boot. Turn movements were reproduced on a ski-ergometer at different turn durations and slopes. Algorithms were developed to analyze vertical, medio-lateral, anterior-posterior axes, and resultant accelerometer and gyroscope signals. Raw signals, and signals filtered with 3, 6, 9, and 12 Hz cut-offs were used to identify turn switch points. Video recordings were assessed to establish a reference turn-switch and precision (mean bias = 5.2, LoA = 51.4 ms). Precision was adjusted based on reference and the best signals were selected. The z-axis and resultant gyroscope signals, filtered at 3Hz are the most precise signals (0.056 and 0.063 s, respectively) to automatically detect turn switches during alpine skiing using this simple system.
|
['Algorithms', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Biosensing Techniques', 'Humans', 'Movement', 'Skiing', 'Video Recording']
| 30,795,560
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['E05.601.043'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['I03.450.642.845.787.500'], ['L01.280.960']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Herbicide resistance from a divided EPSPS protein: the split Synechocystis DnaE intein as an in vivo affinity domain.
|
We report that the N- and C-terminal splicing domains of the intein found in the dnaE gene of Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 (Ssp DnaE intein) are capable of association in vivo and in vitro, even with key splicing residues changed to alanine (Cys(1), Asn(159), and Cys(+1) to Ala). These studies utilized the herbicide resistant form of 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) from Salmonella typhimurium and an Escherichia coli strain with the EPSPS gene deleted from its genome (E. coli strain ER2799). EPSPS was mapped to identify potential split sites using a facile Tn7 linker scanning procedure. Forty positions were found to tolerate a five amino acid insertion while 21 sites did not, as assayed by the rescue of growth of E. coli strain ER2799. Further characterization of these sites by inserting a full length Ssp DnaE intein identified residue 235 of EPSPS as the optimal position. The EPSPS gene was then divided into amino acids 1-235 and 236-427 which were fused to residues 1-123 and 124-159 of a splicing defective Ssp DnaE intein, respectively. Expression of the EPSPS-intein fusions from separate DNA molecules conferred resistance to the herbicide glyphosate, indicating that the intein splicing domains were bringing the EPSPS fragments together to generate activity. As a control the split EPSPS without the intein-affinity domain did not allow cell growth. The use of an intein as an in vivo affinity domain was termed intein-mediated protein complementation (IPC). Intein fragment assembly was verified in vitro by immobilizing the C-terminal splicing domain of the Ssp DnaE intein on a resin and demonstrating that the N-terminal 235 amino acids of EPSPS only bound to the resin when fused to the N-terminal splicing domain of the Ssp DnaE intein. As chloroplast DNA is not transmitted by pollen in plants such as corn and soybean, transgene spread via pollen may be controlled in the future by expressing inactive gene fragments from separate DNA locations, such as the nuclear and chloroplast genome, and using the split intein to generate protein activity.
|
['3-Phosphoshikimate 1-Carboxyvinyltransferase', 'Alkyl and Aryl Transferases', 'Binding Sites', 'Binding, Competitive', 'Cyanobacteria', 'DNA Polymerase III', 'DNA Transposable Elements', 'Drug Resistance', 'Escherichia coli', 'Gene Library', 'Glycine', 'Herbicides', 'Mutagenesis, Insertional', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Protein Engineering', 'Protein Splicing', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary']
| 11,223,241
|
[['D08.811.913.225.735'], ['D08.811.913.225'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['E05.196.080', 'G02.111.084', 'G02.111.570.120.309'], ['B03.280', 'B03.440.475.100'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300.235'], ['D13.444.308.520', 'G02.111.570.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.340.024.425.200'], ['G07.690.773.984'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.360.325'], ['D12.125.481'], ['D27.720.031.700.366', 'D27.888.723.366'], ['E05.393.420.601.550', 'G05.365.590.575', 'G05.558.550'], ['D12.644.541'], ['E05.393.420.601'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600.700', 'G02.111.691.600.700', 'G03.734.871.790.600.700', 'G05.308.670.600.700'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Biotin holocarboxylase synthetase: purification from rat liver cytosol and some properties.
|
The purification of biotin holocarboxylase synthetase (EC 6.3.4.10) from rat liver cytosol to a much higher degree of purity than previously reported, is described. The specific enzymatic activity of the final preparation is increased about 7,000 fold over the starting material. The purified preparation elutes from a gel-filtration column in a volume consistent with a molecular size of 100 kDa and examination by SDS-PAGE reveals one major band of M(r) 50 kDa. This suggests that the native synthetase may exist as a dimer of similar weight subunits.
|
['Animals', 'Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases', 'Chromatography, Affinity', 'Chromatography, Gel', 'Chromatography, Ion Exchange', 'Cytosol', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Kinetics', 'Ligases', 'Liver', 'Molecular Weight', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred F344']
| 7,849,632
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.464.259'], ['E05.196.181.400.170'], ['E05.196.181.400.250'], ['E05.196.181.400.383'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D08.811.464'], ['A03.620'], ['G02.494'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.200', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.200']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Loss of the third C2H2 zinc finger of chicken KLF7 affects its transcriptional regulation activities in adipose tissue.
|
KLF7, one of candidate genes in neurotherapy and metabolic syndrome, has been studied in adipogenesis of mammalian species and birds. However, the effect of the third C2H2 zinc finger of KLF7 for its transcriptional regulation in adipogenesis has not been well understood. Here, the wild-type chicken KLF7 (KLF7) overexpression plasmid, pCMV-myc-KLF7, and two plasmids of chicken KLF7 mutants, i.e. pCMV-myc-KLF7m1 with half of the third zinc finger (KLF7m1) and pCMV-myc-KLF7m2 without the third zinc finger (KLF7m2), were constructed. Luciferase reporter assay in DF1 cells showed that the effect of chicken KLF7 overexpression on the promoter activity of LPL was greater than those of KLF7m1 and KLF7m2 (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference among the overexpression of KLF7, KLF7m1 and KLF7m2 on the promoter activities of FASN, C/EBPá and FABP4 (P > 0.05). Additionally, the effects of KLF7, KLF7m1 and KLF7m2 overexpression on the promoter activity of PPARã were different. KLF7 overexpression had no significant effect on the PPARã promoter activity (P > 0.05), KLF7m1 overexpression suppressed PPARã promoter activity (P < 0.05), while KLF7m2 overexpression facilitated the promoter activity of PPARã (P < 0.05), consistent with the results of western blot analysis. Our results suggested that the third zinc finger of chicken KLF7 may play a role in its transcriptional regulation of LPL and PPARã but has no effect on its regulation of C/EBPá, FASN and FABP4. The third zinc finger of KLF7 might be a target for the treatment of metabolic disorder in chicken.
|
['Adipogenesis', 'Adipose Tissue', 'Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha', 'CYS2-HIS2 Zinc Fingers', 'Cell Line', 'Chickens', 'Fatty Acid Synthase, Type I', 'Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors', 'Lipoprotein Lipase', 'Mutant Proteins', 'PPAR gamma', 'Plasmids', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Sequence Analysis', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Transfection']
| 31,828,306
|
[['G04.152.149'], ['A10.165.114'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D12.776.260.108.124.500', 'D12.776.660.167.500', 'D12.776.930.127.124.500'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500.985.250'], ['A11.251.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['D08.811.277.352.897.387.100', 'D08.811.520.241.300.287.099', 'D08.811.641.758', 'D08.811.682.047.820.196.500.099', 'D08.811.913.050.134.029.500.100', 'D08.811.913.050.170.500.100'], ['D12.776.157.170'], ['G05.308'], ['D12.776.260.522', 'D12.776.930.375'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.430'], ['D12.776.602'], ['D12.776.826.239.588'], ['G05.360.600'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['E05.393.760'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A semi-automated method for bone age assessment using cervical vertebral maturation.
|
OBJECTIVE: To propose a semi-automated method for pattern classification to predict individuals' stage of growth based on morphologic characteristics that are described in the modified cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) method of Baccetti et al.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 188 lateral cephalograms were collected, digitized, evaluated manually, and grouped into cervical stages by two expert examiners. Landmarks were located on each image and measured. Three pattern classifiers based on the Na?ve Bayes algorithm were built and assessed using a software program. The classifier with the greatest accuracy according to the weighted kappa test was considered best.RESULTS: The classifier showed a weighted kappa coefficient of 0.861 ± 0.020. If an adjacent estimated pre-stage or poststage value was taken to be acceptable, the classifier would show a weighted kappa coefficient of 0.992 ± 0.019.CONCLUSION: Results from this study show that the proposed semi-automated pattern classification method can help orthodontists identify the stage of CVM. However, additional studies are needed before this semi-automated classification method for CVM assessment can be implemented in clinical practice.
|
['Age Determination by Skeleton', 'Bayes Theorem', 'Cephalometry', 'Cervical Vertebrae', 'Decision Support Techniques', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Software']
| 22,059,467
|
[['E01.370.049', 'E01.370.350.700.050'], ['E05.318.740.600.200', 'N05.715.360.750.625.150', 'N06.850.520.830.600.200'], ['E01.370.600.024.250', 'E05.041.250', 'N06.850.505.200.100.300'], ['A02.835.232.834.151'], ['E05.245', 'L01.313.500.750.190'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.900']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
New homoserine lipids from Xerocomus langbianensis.
|
New diacylglycerotrimethyl homoserine lipids 1 (2 O,3 O-bislinolylglycero-4'-O-(N,N,N-trimethyl)homoserine) and 2 (2 O,3 O-linolyl-palmitylglycero-4'-O-(N,N,N-trimethyl)-homoserine) were isolated from the fruiting body of a Vietnamese species of Xerocomus langbianensis. The chemical structures were settled on the basis of mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy.
|
['Basidiomycota', 'Diglycerides', 'Homoserine', 'Lipids']
| 11,981,878
|
[['B01.300.179'], ['D10.351.303'], ['D12.125.526'], ['D10']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
TRI2SOLID: an application of reverse engineering methods to the creation of CAD models of bone segments.
|
For many biomechanical engineering activities it would be useful to have the three dimensional (3D) geometry of bone segments available in form of vectorial models within computer aided design (CAD) environments. In this paper a new method for the semi-automatic conversion of a stack of CT images of a femur into a CAD solid model is described. This method is relatively simple, accurate, and requires only a 3D CAD plus a few additional programs available in the public domain. The proposed method was used to convert the CT scan data set of a human femur into a valid CAD model; the resulting solid was two times more accurate than that obtained using the commonly used procedure based on 2D segmentation.
|
['Algorithms', 'Computer Simulation', 'Computer-Aided Design', 'Femur', 'Humans', 'Mathematical Computing', 'Models, Anatomic', 'Radiology Information Systems', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 9,725,647
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['L01.224.160'], ['L01.224.108.150', 'L01.296.110.150'], ['A02.835.232.043.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.680'], ['J01.897.280.500.545.129', 'L01.178.820.090.545.129'], ['N04.452.515.825'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo following septorhinoplasty.
|
We present 2 cases of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) following septorhinoplasty. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo following septorhinoplasty is an unusual entity. Two young women who had difficulty in breathing and nasal deformity underwent septorhinoplasty. On the second and the third postoperative days, the patients experienced vertigo that was induced by position changes. Both patients had neither preexisting ear disease nor vertigo before the surgery. All the examinations were normal. With Dix-Hallpike maneuver, which is the criterion-standard test, the characteristic nystagmus was observed. Right posterior canal BPPV was diagnosed, and they were both treated with Epley canalith repositioning maneuver. Publications related to postsurgical vertigo are available in literature, but it is still an underdiagnosed disorder. We would like to mention about this rare entity and inform the surgeons that they must keep in mind that a patient who is complaining about vertigo or dizziness after the surgery should be observed and investigated for BPPV.
|
['Adult', 'Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Rhinoplasty', 'Vertigo']
| 23,348,352
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C09.218.568.900.883.500', 'C10.597.951.500', 'C23.888.592.958.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.218.755', 'E04.580.392.500', 'E04.680.650'], ['C09.218.568.900.883', 'C10.597.951', 'C23.888.592.958']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Differential expression of two zebrafish emx homeoprotein mRNAs in the developing brain.
|
The complete amino-acid sequences of two zebrafish emx homeoproteins containing a homeodomain homologous to that of the Drosophila empty spiracles head gap gene product have been determined by cloning and sequencing of cDNAs. The zebrafish emx1 and emx2 homeoproteins consist of 233 and 247 amino acids, respectively. The zebrafish emx1 and emx2 mRNAs are present at 12 h after fertilization, when the presumptive brain is in a simple tubular structure, and before first primary neurons appear. During brain development, the emx1 mRNA is localized in the dorsal telencephalon, whereas the emx2 mRNA is distributed in the dorsal telencephalon, parts of the diencephalon and the otocyst. The differential expression patterns of the two emx homeoprotein mRNAs may define the subdivisions of the zebrafish telencephalon.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Autoradiography', 'Base Sequence', 'Blotting, Northern', 'Brain', 'Brain Chemistry', 'DNA Primers', 'Embryo, Nonmammalian', 'Homeodomain Proteins', 'In Situ Hybridization', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Transcription Factors', 'Zebrafish']
| 8,592,638
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.750.132', 'E05.200.750.132', 'E05.799.256'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.196.401.095', 'E05.301.300.074', 'E05.601.100'], ['A08.186.211'], ['G02.111.150', 'G03.185'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['A13.350', 'A16.331'], ['D12.776.260.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325', 'E05.393.661.475'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.930'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.200.244.828']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pharmacologic rationale for regional drug delivery.
|
Regional drug delivery is an approach designed to improve the selectivity of chemotherapy. When compared with systemic drug administration, regional delivery can potentially increase drug concentrations at tumor sites and/or lower systemic drug exposure. Pharmacokinetic analysis can evaluate or even predict the relative advantage of regional drug delivery. Based on a quantitative analysis of regional drug delivery, some drugs and sites of delivery are more favorable than others. The formulas for the therapeutic advantage of intraarterial, intrathecal, and intraperitoneal delivery have a similar structure. The ratio of total body clearance of a drug to its regional exchange rate is the principal determinant of therapeutic advantage. Thus, the most favorable circumstances for regional delivery are the use of drugs with high total body clearances and/or sites of delivery with low exchange rates. Pharmacodynamic factors must also be considered for the overall assessment of regional delivery.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Chemotherapy, Cancer, Regional Perfusion', 'Humans', 'Infusions, Intra-Arterial', 'Injections, Intraperitoneal', 'Injections, Intravenous', 'Injections, Spinal', 'Kinetics', 'Mathematics', 'Metabolic Clearance Rate', 'Microspheres', 'Neoplasms']
| 6,547,166
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['E02.319.267.200', 'E04.292.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.510.520'], ['E02.319.267.530.490'], ['E02.319.267.082.750', 'E02.319.267.530.540'], ['E02.319.267.530.580'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['H01.548'], ['E01.370.225.843', 'E05.200.843', 'G03.490', 'G07.690.595', 'G07.690.725.513'], ['E07.565'], ['C04']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Novel word acquisition in aphasia: Facing the word-referent ambiguity of natural language learning contexts.
|
Recent research suggests that some people with aphasia preserve some ability to learn novel words and to retain them in the long-term. However, this novel word learning ability has been studied only in the context of single word-picture pairings. We examined the ability of people with chronic aphasia to learn novel words using a paradigm that presents new word forms together with a limited set of different possible visual referents and requires the identification of the correct word-object associations on the basis of online feedback. We also studied the relationship between word learning ability and aphasia severity, word processing abilities, and verbal short-term memory (STM). We further examined the influence of gross lesion location on new word learning. The word learning task was first validated with a group of forty-five young adults. Fourteen participants with chronic aphasia were administered the task and underwent tests of immediate and long-term recognition memory at 1 week. Their performance was compared to that of a group of fourteen matched controls using growth curve analysis. The learning curve and recognition performance of the aphasia group was significantly below the matched control group, although above-chance recognition performance and case-by-case analyses indicated that some participants with aphasia had learned the correct word-referent mappings. Verbal STM but not word processing abilities predicted word learning ability after controlling for aphasia severity. Importantly, participants with lesions in the left frontal cortex performed significantly worse than participants with lesions that spared the left frontal region both during word learning and on the recognition tests. Our findings indicate that some people with aphasia can preserve the ability to learn a small novel lexicon in an ambiguous word-referent context. This learning and recognition memory ability was associated with verbal STM capacity, aphasia severity and the integrity of the left inferior frontal region.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aphasia', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Language', 'Learning', 'Male', 'Memory, Short-Term', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Recognition, Psychology', 'Verbal Learning', 'Young Adult']
| 27,085,892
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.597.606.150.500.800.100', 'C23.888.592.604.150.500.800.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.209.399', 'L01.559'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['F02.463.425.540.407'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.513'], ['F02.463.425.540.706'], ['F02.463.425.952'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Combined deficiencies of Src, Fyn, and Yes tyrosine kinases in mutant mice.
|
Three members of the Src family of tyrosine kinases, src, fyn, and yes, are broadly expressed throughout mouse development. Mutations in the c-src and fyn genes were shown previously to lead to restricted nonoverlapping phenotypes only in a subset of cells in which these kinases are expressed. In this work we show that a mutation in the yes gene does not lead to an overt phenotype. Except for brain, the level or distribution of related kinases is not altered in major tissues. To gain further insight into the possibility that these kinases compensate for each other, animals deficient in multiple src-kinases were generated. Whereas most of the src/fyn or src/yes double mutants die perinatally, a substantial proportion of fyn/yes double mutants are viable but undergo degenerative renal changes leading to diffuse segmental glomerulosclerosis. Taken together, these data are consistent with the hypothesis that, at least in some cells, these kinases are able to compensate for the loss of the other related kinases.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'CSK Tyrosine-Protein Kinase', 'Crosses, Genetic', 'DNA Primers', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Genes, src', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Mutant Strains', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phenotype', 'Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fyn', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-yes', 'src-Family Kinases']
| 7,958,873
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.800.158'], ['E05.393.281'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['G05.308.310'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.500.791.570'], ['A05.810.453'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.695'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.800.551', 'D12.776.476.571', 'D12.776.624.664.700.180'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.800.610', 'D12.776.624.664.700.199'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin-A on the synthesis and secretion of proteins in isolated rat pancreatic acini.
|
Exposure of isolated rat dispersed pancreatic acini to increasing concentrations (10 to 1000 ng/ml) of purified exotoxin-A from Pseudomonas aeruginosa resulted in a progressive inhibition of 3H-leucine incorporation into "cellular" (those remaining in the cells) and "secretory" (those released into the medium) proteins. With each concentration of exotoxin-A, magnitude of reduction was found to be greater for the "secretory" proteins than that observed for the "cellular" proteins. Thus, in the presence of 250 ng/ml of exotoxin-A, a dose that produced maximal inhibition in protein synthesis, 3H-leucine incorporation into "cellular" and "secretory" proteins was found to be decreased by about 19 and 50%, respectively, when compared with the corresponding basal controls. Release of trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen and amylase from the isolated pancreatic acini was also inhibited by high doses of exotoxin-A. However, whereas the exotoxin concentration of 1000 ng/ml, caused a near complete inhibition of chymotrypsinogen release, trypsinogen and amylase secretion were decreased by 40 and 50%, respectively. It is concluded that in isolated pancreatic acini, exotoxin-A inhibits the synthesis and secretion of proteins.
|
['ADP Ribose Transferases', 'Amylases', 'Animals', 'Bacterial Toxins', 'Chymotrypsinogen', 'Exotoxins', 'Male', 'Pancreas', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Time Factors', 'Trypsinogen', 'Virulence Factors']
| 2,579,650
|
[['D08.811.913.400.725.115'], ['D08.811.277.450.066'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.946.123'], ['D08.622.184', 'D12.776.811.243.184'], ['D23.946.350'], ['A03.734'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.100', 'B03.660.250.580.590.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D08.622.885', 'D12.776.811.243.885'], ['D23.946.896']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Characterisation of a thermostable alpha-amylase from Bacillus brevis.
|
Biochemical characterization of a novel heat-stable alpha-amylase, produced by a thermophilic strain of Bacillus brevis, has been made. The pattern of the enzyme action on different substrates was studied. It was found that reducing groups were rapidly liberated from amylopectin, soluble and insoluble starch compared to amylose and glycogen. B. brevis alpha-amylase acted via endo-attack producing mainly maltopentaose during the first hour of hydrolysis. The enzyme showed high activity towards maltohexaose and maltoheptaose. The alpha-amylase from B. brevis had a neutral pI and was found to be a glycoprotein, containing 9.2% (by mass) neutral sugars. The enzyme protein possessed a unique high glycine content. Calcium or sodium ions in appropriate concentrations were required for enzyme thermostability.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Bacillus', 'Carbohydrates', 'Enzyme Stability', 'Hot Temperature', 'Kinetics', 'Substrate Specificity', 'Thermodynamics', 'alpha-Amylases']
| 1,628,658
|
[['D12.125'], ['B03.300.390.400.158.218', 'B03.353.500.100.218', 'B03.510.100.100.218', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218'], ['D09'], ['E05.916.360', 'G02.111.700.500'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['G02.111.835'], ['G01.906'], ['D08.811.277.450.066.050']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Influence of complex reagents on removal of chromium(VI) by zero-valent iron.
|
The removal of Cr(VI) by zero-valent iron (Fe(0)) and the effect of three complex reagents, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), NaF and 1,10-phenanthroline, on this reaction were investigated using batch reactors at pH values of 4, 5 and 6. The results indicate that the removal of Cr(VI) by Fe(0) is slow at pH 5.0 and that three complex reagents play different roles in the reaction. EDTA and NaF significantly enhance the reaction rate. The zero-order rate constants at pH 5.0 were 5.44 microM min(-1) in the presence of 4mM EDTA and 0.99 micrM min(-1) in the presence of 8 mM NaF, respectively, whereas that of control was only 0.33 micrM min(-1), even at pH=4.0. This enhancement is attributed to the formation of complex compounds between EDTA/NaF and reaction products, such as Cr(III) and Fe(III), which eliminate the precipitates of Cr(III), Fe(III) hydroxides and Cr(x)Fe(1-)(x)(OH)(3) and thus reduce surface passivation of Fe(0). In contrast, 1,10-phenanthroline, a complex reagent for Fe(II), dramatically decreases Cr(VI) reduction by Fe(0). At pH=4.0, the zero-order rate constant in the presence of 1mM of 1,10-phenanthroline was 0.02 micrM min(-1), decreasing by 99.7% and 93.9%, respectively, compared with the results in the presence and absence of EDTA. The results suggest that a pathway of the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) by Fe(0) may involve dissolution of Fe(0) to produce Fe(II), followed by reduction of Cr(VI) by Fe(II), rather than the direct reaction between Cr(VI) and Fe(0), in which Fe(0) transfers electrons to Cr(VI).
|
['Catalysis', 'Chromium', 'Edetic Acid', 'Environmental Pollutants', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Indicators and Reagents', 'Iron', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Phenanthrolines', 'Sodium Fluoride']
| 18,486,963
|
[['G02.130'], ['D01.268.556.175', 'D01.268.956.124', 'D01.552.544.175'], ['D02.092.782.258.368.250', 'D02.241.081.018.253'], ['D27.888.284'], ['G02.300'], ['D27.720.470.410'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D03.633.300.669'], ['D01.303.350.300.875', 'D01.857.725', 'D25.223.716', 'J01.637.051.223.716']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Quantitative effects of composting state variables on C/N ratio through GA-aided multivariate analysis.
|
It is widely known that variation of the C/N ratio is dependent on many state variables during composting processes. This study attempted to develop a genetic algorithm aided stepwise cluster analysis (GASCA) method to describe the nonlinear relationships between the selected state variables and the C/N ratio in food waste composting. The experimental data from six bench-scale composting reactors were used to demonstrate the applicability of GASCA. Within the GASCA framework, GA searched optimal sets of both specified state variables and SCA's internal parameters; SCA established statistical nonlinear relationships between state variables and the C/N ratio; to avoid unnecessary and time-consuming calculation, a proxy table was introduced to save around 70% computational efforts. The obtained GASCA cluster trees had smaller sizes and higher prediction accuracy than the conventional SCA trees. Based on the optimal GASCA tree, the effects of the GA-selected state variables on the C/N ratio were ranged in a descending order as: NH₄+-N concentration>Moisture content>Ash Content>Mean Temperature>Mesophilic bacteria biomass. Such a rank implied that the variation of ammonium nitrogen concentration, the associated temperature and the moisture conditions, the total loss of both organic matters and available mineral constituents, and the mesophilic bacteria activity, were critical factors affecting the C/N ratio during the investigated food waste composting. This first application of GASCA to composting modelling indicated that more direct search algorithms could be coupled with SCA or other multivariate analysis methods to analyze complicated relationships during composting and many other environmental processes.
|
['Algorithms', 'Biodegradation, Environmental', 'Carbon', 'Cluster Analysis', 'Models, Chemical', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Nitrogen', 'Refuse Disposal', 'Soil', 'Soil Pollutants', 'Waste Products']
| 21,257,193
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['D01.268.150'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['E05.599.495'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.700', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['D27.888.284.756'], ['D20.944', 'N06.850.460.710']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Placebo-controlled trials in schizophrenia: are they ethical? Are they necessary?
|
The current controversy as to the proper role of the placebo control in the evaluation of new treatments for schizophrenia requires an analysis that is sensitive to both ethical and scientific issues. Clinical equipoise, widely regarded as the moral foundation of the randomized controlled trial (RCT), requires the use of best available treatment as the control in RCT. Scientific criticisms of the use of an active control are examined and none present an insuperable barrier to the use of an active control. Indeed, scrutiny of the most recent argument for the use of placebo controls, 'assay sensitivity', suggests that the use of placebo may be the cause of the problem pointed to. Scientific, regulatory, ethical and legal advantages of the use of an active control are described. While the use of a placebo control may be acceptable in carefully defined circumstances, in most cases the use of an active control in schizophrenia research is ethically and scientifically preferable.
|
['Antipsychotic Agents', 'Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Ethics, Medical', 'Humans', 'Patient Compliance', 'Research Design', 'Schizophrenia']
| 10,093,865
|
[['D27.505.696.277.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.331'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365'], ['K01.752.566.479.171.132.750', 'N05.350.340.162.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.600', 'F01.145.488.887.500.600', 'N05.300.150.800.500.600'], ['E05.581.500', 'H01.770.644.728'], ['F03.700.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The Effects of Sleep Problems on the Trajectory of Antisocial Behavior from Adolescence through Early Adulthood in Taiwan: Family Functioning as a Moderator.
|
STUDY OBJECTIVES: To examine the longitudinal relationship between sleep problems and development of antisocial behavior from adolescence through young adulthood, and to investigate whether family functioning moderates the association being examined. Potential sex differences were also explored.METHODS: A total of 2,491 adolescents participated in a prospective study spanning 2009 through 2014 in northern Taiwan. Measures included sleep problems, family functioning (parental support, family interaction, and family conflict), antisocial behavior, and other individual characteristics (sex, age, parental education, family economic stress, depressive symptoms, and stressful life events). Random coefficient growth models were used to test study hypotheses.RESULTS: Sleep problems were significantly and positively associated with antisocial behavior (B = 0.088 and 0.038 for males and females, respectively). Sex differences further emerged in the moderating effects of family functioning. Among males, those with high family interaction had a weaker association between sleep problems and antisocial behavior; among females, the examined association was weaker in those with high parental support. For both sexes, the association between sleep problems and antisocial behavior was stronger for those with high family conflict.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight the robust link between sleep problems and adolescent antisocial behavior over time. We also show for the first time that the association depends on family functioning. Prevention methods and treatment of sleep problems in youths that incorporate family functioning may yield significant benefits for decreasing antisocial behavior. Sex-specific intervention and prevention approaches should also be considered.
|
['Adolescent', 'Antisocial Personality Disorder', 'Conduct Disorder', 'Family Relations', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Sex Factors', 'Sleep Wake Disorders', 'Taiwan', 'Young Adult']
| 27,166,239
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F03.675.050'], ['F03.625.094.300'], ['F01.829.263.370', 'I01.880.853.150.439'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['C10.886', 'C23.888.592.796', 'F03.870'], ['Z01.252.474.872', 'Z01.639.850'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Reduced scytonemin isolated from Nostoc commune induces autophagic cell death in human T-lymphoid cell line Jurkat cells.
|
Nostoc commune is a terrestrial benthic blue-green alga that often forms an extended mucilaginous layer on the soil, accumulates on stones and mud in aquatic environments. Reduced-scytonemin (R-scy), isolated from N. commune Vaucher, has been shown to suppress the human T-lymphoid Jurkat cell growth. To reveal the mechanisms underlying the R-scy-mediated inhibition of Jurkat cell growth, we examined cell morphology, DNA fragmentation, and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) modification in these cells. We observed multiple vacuoles as well as the conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II in R-scy-treated cells. These results suggest that the R-scy induced Jurkat cell growth inhibition is attributable to the induction of type II programmed cell death (PCD II; autophagic cell death or autophagy). We further examined the mechanisms underlying R-scy-induced PCDII. The cells treated with R-scy produced large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to the induction of mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the elimination of R-scy-induced ROS by treatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) markedly opposed R-scy-induced PCDII. Based on these results, we conclude that ROS formation plays a critical role in R-scy-induced PCDII.
|
['Autophagy', 'Cell Line', 'Humans', 'Indoles', 'Jurkat Cells', 'Microtubule-Associated Proteins', 'Mitochondria', 'Nostoc commune', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Phenols', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Vacuoles']
| 23,876,822
|
[['G04.011'], ['A11.251.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['A11.251.210.190.495', 'A11.251.860.180.495', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.440'], ['D12.776.220.600.450', 'D12.776.631.560'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['B03.280.575.150', 'B03.440.475.100.575.150', 'B03.585.750'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.920']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparison of the immediate effects of five beta-adrenoreceptor-blocking drugs with different ancillary properties in angina pectoris.
|
We compared the immediate effects of five beta-adrenoreceptor-blocking agents in 16 patients with stable angina pectoris. Acute dose-response studies showed that all five drugs improved exercise tolerance and reduced ST-segment depression, heart rate and blood pressure by a similar degree in comparison with a placebo (P less than 0.01). Near maximum improvement in exercise tolerance occurred when the acute cumulative oral dose had reached 160 mg for propranolol and oxprenolol, 200 mg for metoprolol and tolamolol and 400 mg for practolol. When these drugs were administered as a single doses, increase in walking time before the development of angina and reduction in ST-segment depression, heart rate and systolic blood pressure all occurred within one hour and persisted for eight hours--effects markedly different from the response to a placebo (P less than 0.01). These data show that non-cardioselective agents (propranolol and oxprenolol), cardioselective agents (practolol, metoprolol and tolamolol), as well as drugs with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (oxprenolol and practolol), were equally effective in the treatment of angina pectoris.
|
['Adult', 'Angina Pectoris', 'Blood Pressure', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Evaluation', 'Electrocardiography', 'Exercise Test', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Metoprolol', 'Middle Aged', 'Oxprenolol', 'Practolol', 'Propanolamines', 'Propranolol']
| 581,782
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Kinetics of the incorporation of tropoelastin into elastic fibers in embryonic chick aorta.
|
Matrix-free cells isolated by enzymic digestion of chick embryo aortas were labeled with [14C]proline for 20 to 60 min and the kinetics of the secretion of tropoelastin were followed by chasing the label and assaying [14C]tropoelastin in the cells and in the medium. The results indicated that secretion of tropoelastin followed the kinetics of a single first order process with a half time of 60 min. In parallel experiments tissue explants of chick embryo aortas were labeled with [14C]proline and the kinetics for the incorporation of tropoelastin into elastic fibers were followed by chasing the label and assaying the soluble [14C]tropoelastin and insoluble [14C]elastin in tissues. It was found that the incorporation of tropoelastin into elastic fibers also followed a single first order process with a half time of 85 min, similar to the secretion of tropoelastin from cells. In further studies, antibodies directed against tropoelastin were utilized to isolate soluble [14C]elastin components in the tissues after 0 to 4 hr chase of the 14C label. The results demonstrated that all soluble elastin components were recovered as monomeric tropoelastin and no soluble oligomeric elastin could be detected. These results are consistent with the proposition that elastic fiber growth occurs by addition of individual tropoelastin molecules to existing fibers and that oligomers of elastin were not intermediates in the process.
|
['Animals', 'Aorta', 'Chick Embryo', 'Elastic Tissue', 'Elastin', 'Kinetics', 'Macromolecular Substances', 'Proline', 'Solubility', 'Tropoelastin']
| 6,218,959
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['A10.165.400'], ['D05.750.078.421', 'D12.776.860.300.350'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D05'], ['D12.125.072.401.623'], ['G02.805'], ['D12.776.811.850', 'D12.776.860.300.350.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Vitamin D-associated genetic variation and risk of breast cancer in the breast and prostate cancer cohort consortium (BPC3).
|
BACKGROUND: Two recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified SNPs in or near four genes related to circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration. To examine the hypothesized inverse relationship between vitamin D status and breast cancer, we studied the associations between SNPs in these genes and breast cancer risk in a large pooled study of 9,456 cases and 10,816 controls from six cohorts.METHODS: SNP markers localized to each of four genes (GC, CYP24A1, CYP2R1, and DHCR7) previously associated with 25(OH)D were genotyped and examined both individually and as a 4-SNP polygenic score. Logistic regression was used to estimate the associations between the genetic variants and risk of breast cancer.RESULTS: We found no association between any of the four SNPs or their polygenic score and breast cancer risk.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings do not support an association between vitamin D status, as reflected by 25(OH)D-related genotypes, and breast cancer risk.IMPACT: These findings may contribute to future meta-analyses and scientific review articles, and provide new data about the association between vitamin D-related genes and breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(3); 627-30. ©2014 AACR.
|
['Breast Neoplasms', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Genetic Variation', 'Genome-Wide Association Study', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Vitamin D']
| 25,542,828
|
[['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['G05.365'], ['E05.318.370.392', 'E05.318.416.249', 'E05.393.385.500', 'E05.393.522.500', 'E05.393.760.640.500', 'N06.850.520.445.392', 'N06.850.520.470.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['D04.210.500.812.768']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Immunotherapy-related adverse effects on 18
|
18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT imaging plays a key role in oncological imaging including in staging, radiotherapy planning, treatment response and recurrence assessment. Immunotherapies represent a major advance in cancer therapy for a number of tumours with resulting survival benefit. However, a wide range of immune related adverse events (irAEs), some of which can be apparent on imaging, have been reported. These involve many organ systems but particularly endocrine, cutaneous and gastrointestinal systems. Early detection of irAEs is essential to aid diagnosis and management of patients and to reduce associated morbidity. In addition, it is important to not mistake treatment related effects for disease.This pictorial review aims to identify common irAEs and changes seen on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological', 'B7-H1 Antigen', 'CTLA-4 Antigen', 'Female', 'Fluorodeoxyglucose F18', 'Humans', 'Immunotherapy', 'Immunotherapy, Adoptive', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms', 'Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography', 'Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor', 'Radiopharmaceuticals', 'Rituximab']
| 32,105,505
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.954.248.384'], ['D12.776.465.625', 'D12.776.467.150.300', 'D12.776.543.095.300', 'D23.050.301.285.400', 'D23.529.168.300'], ['D12.776.465.782', 'D12.776.543.750.705.222.750', 'D23.050.301.264.894.158', 'D23.101.100.894.158'], ['D09.254.229.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.465.425'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.330.050.400', 'E05.478.550.520.050.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700.500', 'E01.370.350.350.810.645', 'E01.370.350.567.500', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.490', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.645', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.723', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.700', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399.500'], ['D12.776.465.844', 'D12.776.543.750.705.222.875', 'D23.050.301.264.894.790', 'D23.101.100.894.790'], ['D27.505.259.843', 'D27.505.519.871', 'D27.720.470.410.650'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.075.785', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.075.785', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.284.785']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Stent-assisted Gugliemi detachable coil repair of wide-necked renal artery aneurysm using 3-D angiography.
|
PURPOSE: To report a wide-necked renal artery aneurysm treated successfully with stent-assisted Gugliemi detachable coil occlusion, assisted by three-dimensional (3-D) angiography.CASE REPORT: A 56-year-old woman with history of hypertension presented with a 2.5-cm wide-necked saccular aneurysm involving her distal right renal artery. A balloon-expandable stent was positioned across the neck of the aneurysm and multiple Gugliemi detachable coils were deployed through a microcatheter inserted through the interstices of the stent into the aneurysm sac, guided by 3-D angiography. Follow-up 3-D angiography at 6 months revealed a patent renal artery with continued exclusion of the aneurysm and preservation of renal blood flow.CONCLUSION: Stent-assisted coil occlusion assisted by 3-D angiography is a potential renal-sparing endovascular approach to treating wide-necked renal artery aneurysms with complex vascular anatomy.
|
['Aneurysm', 'Angiography, Digital Subtraction', 'Catheterization', 'Embolization, Therapeutic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Magnetic Resonance Angiography', 'Middle Aged', 'Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Radiography, Interventional', 'Renal Artery', 'Renal Circulation', 'Stents', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vascular Patency']
| 18,166,635
|
[['C14.907.055'], ['E01.370.350.600.350.700.060', 'E01.370.350.700.060.060', 'E01.370.350.700.700.060', 'E01.370.350.760.060', 'E01.370.370.050.060'], ['E02.148', 'E05.157'], ['E02.520.360', 'E02.926.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['E01.370.350.825.500.500', 'E01.370.370.050.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.158.600.680', 'E01.370.350.350.700', 'E01.370.350.700.705', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600.680'], ['E01.370.350.700.725', 'E04.502.780'], ['A07.015.114.745'], ['G08.852.725', 'G09.330.100.812'], ['E07.695.750'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['G09.330.920']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Prognostic implications of hypoglycaemic episodes during hospitalisation for myocardial infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes: a report from the DIGAMI 2 trial.
|
OBJECTIVE: To explore if hypoglycaemic episodes during hospitalisation influence the subsequent prognosis in patients with diabetes and acute myocardial infarction.DESIGN, SETTING AND PATIENTS: Within the framework of the clinical trial DIGAMI 2 hypoglycaemic episodes (blood glucose <3.0 mmol/l with or without symptoms) were recorded in 1253 patients (mean age 68 years; 67% males) with type 2 diabetes and myocardial infarction. The patients were followed during a median of 2.1 years. A total of 947 patients were randomised to an initial insulin infusion while 306 received routinely used glucose lowering therapy.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Unadjusted and adjusted (age, sex, smoking, previous infarction, heart failure, renal function, diabetes duration, coronary interventions, pharmacological treatment and B-glucose at hospital admission) hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for total mortality and cardiovascular events (death, re-infarction or stroke) were related to hypoglycaemic episodes during the index hospitalisation.RESULTS: During the first 24 hours hypoglycaemic episodes were noted in 111 (12%) insulin-treated (symptomatic 23%) and three (1.0%) routinely treated patients (symptomatic 33%). Symptomatic hypoglycaemia related to mortality (unadjusted HR 1.99; 95% CI 1.20 to 3.29; p = 0.0074) but this difference disappeared following adjustment (HR 1.09; 95% CI 0.64 to 1.87; p = 0.7403). Body weight (OR 0.97; 95% CI 0.95 to 0.98; p<0.0001) and diabetes duration (OR 1.03; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.05; p = 0.0085) were independent predictors of hypoglycaemiaCONCLUSIONS: Hypoglycaemia during the initial hospitalisation was not an independent risk factor for future morbidity or mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and myocardial infarction. Such episodes were, however, more prevalent in patients at high risk for other reasons.
|
['Aged', 'Blood Glucose', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Diabetic Angiopathies', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Hyperglycemia', 'Hypoglycemia', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Insulin', 'Male', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Prognosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Regression Analysis', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 19,029,171
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['C14.907.320', 'C19.246.099.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.952'], ['C18.452.394.984'], ['D27.505.696.422'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Structure and expression of a barley acidic beta-glucanase gene.
|
A barley acidic beta-1,3-glucanase gene was recovered from a barley genomic library by homology with a partial cDNA of barley basic beta-1,3-glucanase isoenzyme GII. The gene, Abg2, is homologous to the PR2 family of pathogenesis-related beta-1,3-glucanase genes. The ABG2 protein has 81% amino acid similarity to barley basic beta-1,3-glucanase GII. The ABG2 protein is encoded as a preprotein of 336 amino acids including a 28 amino acid signal peptide. A 299 bp intron occurs within codon 25. The mature ABG2 protein has a predicted mass of 32,642 Da and a calculated isoelectric point of 4.9. The second exon of the Abg2 gene shows a strong preference for G + C in the third position of degenerate codons. The Abg2 gene was functionally expressed in Escherichia coli. Abg2 mRNA is constitutively expressed in barley root; leaf expression of Abg2 mRNA is induced by mercuric chloride and infection by Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei. Southern blot analysis indicates that Abg2 is a member of a small gene family.
|
['Acids', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Escherichia coli', 'Gene Expression', 'Genes, Plant', 'Genome', 'Glucan Endo-1,3-beta-D-Glucosidase', 'Hordeum', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Plant Proteins', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Restriction Mapping', 'Seeds', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 8,507,835
|
[['D01.029'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.220'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.297'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.393', 'G05.360.340.365.500'], ['G05.360.340'], ['D08.811.277.450.420.200.600'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.481'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.765'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E05.393.183.620.650', 'E05.393.712'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
TRPC6 is the endothelial calcium channel that regulates leukocyte transendothelial migration during the inflammatory response.
|
Leukocyte transendothelial migration (TEM) is a tightly regulated, multistep process that is critical to the inflammatory response. A transient increase in endothelial cytosolic free calcium ion concentration (?[Ca(2+)]i) is required for TEM. However, the mechanism by which endothelial ?[Ca(2+)]i regulates TEM and the channels mediating this ?[Ca(2+)]i are unknown. Buffering ?[Ca(2+)]i in endothelial cells does not affect leukocyte adhesion or locomotion but selectively blocks TEM, suggesting a role for ?[Ca(2+)]i specifically for this step. Transient receptor potential canonical 6 (TRPC6), a Ca(2+) channel expressed in endothelial cells, colocalizes with platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM) to surround leukocytes during TEM and clusters when endothelial PECAM is engaged. Expression of dominant-negative TRPC6 or shRNA knockdown in endothelial cells arrests neutrophils apically over the junction, similar to when PECAM is blocked. Selectively activating endothelial TRPC6 rescues TEM during an ongoing PECAM blockade, indicating that TRPC6 functions downstream of PECAM. Furthermore, endothelial TRPC6 is required for trafficking of lateral border recycling compartment membrane, which facilitates TEM. Finally, mice lacking TRPC6 in the nonmyeloid compartment (i.e., endothelium) exhibit a profound defect in neutrophil TEM with no effect on leukocyte trafficking. Our findings identify endothelial TRPC6 as the calcium channel mediating the ?[Ca(2+)]i required for TEM at a step downstream of PECAM homophilic interactions.
|
['Animals', 'Calcium', 'Cell Movement', 'Cytosol', 'Egtazic Acid', 'Endothelial Cells', 'Humans', 'Inflammation', 'Leukocytes', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1', 'TRPC Cation Channels', 'TRPC6 Cation Channel']
| 26,392,222
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['D02.092.782.258.368.257', 'D02.241.081.018.269'], ['A11.436.275'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.470'], ['A11.118.637', 'A15.145.229.637', 'A15.382.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.131', 'D12.776.543.550.200.131', 'D23.050.301.264.900.131', 'D23.050.301.350.131', 'D23.101.100.900.131'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.901.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.901.500'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.150.850', 'D12.776.157.530.400.901.500.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.150.900', 'D12.776.543.585.400.150.850', 'D12.776.543.585.400.901.500.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Exposure to violence among urban school-aged children: is it only on television?
|
OBJECTIVE: To measure exposure to different types of violence among school-aged children in a primary care setting.DESIGN: Child interviews using an instrument measuring 4 types of exposure (direct victimization, witnessing, hearing reports, media). Violent acts measured include being beaten up, chased/threatened, robbed/mugged, stabbed/shot, killed.SETTING: Pediatric primary care clinic of large urban hospital.PATIENTS: Convenience sample of 175 children 9-12 years old and their mothers. A total of 53% of the children were boys, 55% were Hispanic, and 40% received public assistance.RESULTS: All children had been exposed to media violence. A total of 97% (170/175) had been exposed to more direct forms of violence; 77% had witnessed violence involving strangers; 49% had witnessed violence involving familiar persons; 49% had been direct victims; and 31% had witnessed someone being shot, stabbed, or killed. Exposure to violence was significantly associated with being male.CONCLUSION: Most school-aged children who visited a pediatric primary care clinic of a large urban hospital had directly experienced violence as witnesses and/or victims.
|
['Child', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mass Media', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'New York', 'Pediatrics', 'Regression Analysis', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Urban Population', 'Violence']
| 11,044,149
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.178.590'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.437', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530'], ['H02.403.670'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['N01.600.900'], ['I01.198.240.856', 'I01.880.735.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Ultra-rapid freezing of human multipronuclear zygotes using electron microscope grids.
|
Developmental capacity of human multipronuclear (PN) zygotes cryopreserved using an ultra-rapid freezing method and electron microscope (EM) grids was studied. Multipronuclear zygotes obtained from a human IVF programme were used as an alternative to normal 2PN zygotes; they were divided into 3PN or >or =4PN zygotes and their in-vitro development and cryo-injury were compared according to PN number. EFS30, which consisted of 30% ethylene glycol, 18% Ficoll, 0. 5 mol/l sucrose and 10% fetal bovine serum with added modified Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline was used as the freezing solution. After ultra-rapid freezing and thawing 85.5% of multipronuclear zygotes survived. A comparison of cleavage rates between the control and cryopreserved groups showed no significant difference (3PN; 81.3 and 85.4% and > or =4PN; 90.0 and 95.7% respectively). Comparing the in-vitro development after thawing up to blastocyst formation on day 5 after IVF, the outcome of the frozen 3PN group (22.0%) was not different from that of control 3PN group (38.5%), while the outcome of the frozen > or =4PN group (4.5%) was significantly lower than that of control > or =4PN group (44.4%) (P < 0.05).
|
['Cell Nucleus', 'Cell Survival', 'Cryopreservation', 'Humans', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Time Factors', 'Zygote']
| 10,920,104
|
[['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['G04.346'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160', 'E02.792.156', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160', 'E05.760.156'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['G01.910.857'], ['A05.360.490.690.970', 'A11.497.497.950', 'A16.950']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Monomer-to-dimer transition of Brucella suis type IV secretion system component VirB8 induces conformational changes.
|
Secretion systems are protein complexes essential for bacterial virulence and potential targets for antivirulence drugs. In the intracellular pathogen Brucella suis, a type IV secretion system mediates the translocation of virulence factors into host cells and it is essential for pathogenicity. VirB8 is a core component of the secretion system and dimerization is important for functionality of the protein complex. We set out to study dimerization and possible conformational changes of VirB8 from B. suis (VirB8s) using nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray crystallography, and differential scanning fluorimetry. We identified changes of the protein induced by a concentration-dependent monomer-to-dimer transition of the periplasmic domain (VirB8sp). We also show that the presence of the detergent CHAPS alters several signals in the heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC) spectra and some of these chemical shift changes correspond to those observed during monomer-dimer transition. X-ray analysis of a monomeric variant (VirB8spM102R ) demonstrates that significant structural changes occur in the protein's á-helical regions (á2 and á4). We localized chemical shift changes of residues at the dimer interface as well as to the á1 helix that links this interface to a surface groove that binds dimerization inhibitors. Fragment-based screening identified small molecules that bind to VirB8sp and two of them have differential binding affinity for wild-type and the VirB8spM102R variant underlining their different conformations. The observed chemical shift changes suggest conformational changes of VirB8s during monomer-dimer transition that may play a role during secretion system assembly or function and they provide insights into the mechanism of inhibitor action.DATABASE: BMRB accession no. 26852 and PDB 5JBS.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Brucella suis', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Dimerization', 'Fluorometry', 'Micelles', 'Molecular Docking Simulation', 'Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular', 'Periplasm', 'Protein Conformation', 'Type IV Secretion Systems']
| 28,236,662
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['B03.440.400.425.215.500.750', 'B03.660.050.070.100.750'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['G02.206', 'G03.230'], ['E05.196.712.516.600'], ['D05.374', 'D26.255.560'], ['E05.599.595.249', 'L01.224.160.249'], ['E05.196.867.519.550'], ['A11.284.295.680'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D05.500.890.500.937']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Duplication of 111 bases in exon 1 of the CYP21 gene is combined with deletion of CYP21P-C4B genes in steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency.
|
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a common autosomal recessive disorder mainly caused by defects in the steroid 21-hydroxylase (CYP21) gene. A 9.3-kb fragment generated by NdeI and AseI digestion by Southern blot analysis indicated that a consequence of deletion of the C4-CYP21 repeat module was the production of a distinct chimeric CYP21P/CYP21 molecule. In the present study, we report a novel CYP21 genotype in two CAH families in which the gene appeared as 9.4- and 3.3-kb fragments by TaqI digestion, rather than as a chimeric gene. From the analysis of PCR amplification patterns and DNA sequencing, we found that there was a duplication of 111 bases from codons 21 to 57 inserted at codon 58 in exon 1 of the CYP21 gene. In addition, codon 21 in the repeated sequence changed from TGG to AGG. Furthermore, this novel CYP21 gene present in both CAH families showed no mutations at IVS2-12A/C>G, 707-714delGAGACTAC, and P30L. Interestingly, the 5' end region of these two CYP21 genes showed the sequence of the CYP21P gene at nucleotides (nt) -103, -110, -123, and thereafter. Our data suggest that these two CYP21 genes are caused by deletion of the CYP21P, XA, RP2, and C4B genes. Possibly, the additional 111-base duplicated coding sequence may be generated by multiple intergenic recombinations, while there seems to be no relationship with deletion of the CYP21P-C4B regions.
|
['Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital', 'Alleles', 'Base Sequence', 'Complement C4b', 'Crossing Over, Genetic', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Humans', 'Mutation', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Sequence Deletion', 'Steroid 21-Hydroxylase']
| 12,855,227
|
[['C12.706.316.090.500', 'C13.351.875.253.090.500', 'C16.131.939.316.129.500', 'C16.320.033', 'C16.320.565.925.249', 'C18.452.648.925.249', 'C19.053.440', 'C19.391.119.090.500'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D12.776.124.486.274.350.260'], ['G05.728.615.200'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.590'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G05.365.795.595'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['G05.365.590.762', 'G05.558.800'], ['D08.244.453.493.500', 'D08.244.453.915.760', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.463.500', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.915.760', 'D12.776.422.220.453.493.500', 'D12.776.422.220.453.915.760']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Phenotypic and genotypic identification of yeasts from cheese.
|
Eighty-five years strains isolated from different cheeses of Austria, Denmark, France, Germany, and Italy were identified using physiological methods and genotypically using random amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) analysis. Good congruence was found between the phenotypic and genotypic data for 39 of the isolates. However, 26 isolates of Geotrichum could only be identified to the species level using the genotypic methods and 7 isolates were correctly identified to the genus level only using phenotypic identification methods. The phenotypic identification did not agree with the genotypic data for 14 yeast isolates. Using ubiquinone analysis, yeast cell wall sugars and the diazonium blue B test 5 incorrectly identified isolates with phenotypic methods could be identified genotypically. In addition the 7 isolates identified only to the genus level by the phenotypic methods and the 26 Geotrichum strains were identified to the species level using the polyphasic molecular approach mentioned above. Eleven strains remained unidentified. The 76 identified yeast isolates were assigned to 39 species, the most frequent assignments were made to Debaryomyces hansenii, Geotrichum candidum, Issatchenkia orientalis, Kluyveromyces lactis, K. marxianus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Yarrowia lipolytica, and Candida catenulata. It is proposed that Debaryomyces hansenii (Zopf) Lodder et Kregervan Rij and Debaryomyces fabryi Ota should be reinstated. The RAPD-PCR data reinforced the view that the species Galactomyces geotrichum is heterogeneous with all of the Geotrichum isolates from cheese products being assigned G. geotrichum group A sensu M.T. Smith. It is suggested that the name Geotrichum candidum be conserved for this rather common species.
|
['Cheese', 'Genetic Markers', 'Genotype', 'Mycological Typing Techniques', 'Phenotype', 'Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique', 'Yeasts']
| 10,510,714
|
[['G07.203.200.500.444', 'G07.203.300.350.300.444', 'J02.350.500.444', 'J02.500.350.300.444'], ['D23.101.387', 'G05.695.450'], ['G05.380'], ['E01.370.225.875.610', 'E05.200.875.610'], ['G05.695'], ['E05.393.620.500.687', 'E05.601.700'], ['B01.300.930']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Influence of radiation doses in local radiotherapy on anti-tumor immunity and tumor metastasis].
|
The relationship between radiation doses and the subsequent metastasis formation after local radiotherapy against a rat transplantable fibrosarcoma was studied. KMT-17 fibrosarcoma cells were transplanted into the hind leg of syngeneic WKA rats and the leg were irradiated with various doses of 60Co gamma-rays 5 days after the tumor transplantation. 97% of the local primary tumors regressed in the rats received more than 45Gy (high dose-group), whereas only 41% of the tumors regressed in the rats received less than 40Gy (low dose-group). On the other hand, the percentage of the subsequent metastasis in the high dose-group was significantly higher than that of the low dose-group. By Winn's assay, stronger tumor-neutralizing activities were observed in the spleen cells of rats received 30Gy than those of non-irradiated rats or rats received 60Gy. The above results suggest that the low dose irradiation to the local tumor stimulates the anti-tumor immunity which results in suppression of the tumor metastasis.
|
['Animals', 'Female', 'Fibrosarcoma', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplasm Transplantation', 'Radiotherapy Dosage', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Spleen']
| 3,248,769
|
[['B01.050'], ['C04.557.450.565.590.350', 'C04.557.450.795.350'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['E05.624'], ['E02.815.639'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
ALL-1 gene rearrangements in acute myeloid leukemia: association with M4-M5 French-American-British classification subtypes and young age.
|
We have analyzed by Southern blotting the ALL-1 (MLL, HRX, Hrtx 1) gene configuration in a series of 126 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) representative of all ages and French-American-British Classification groups and correlated this genetic feature with clinical and biological features at diagnosis. ALL-1 gene rearrangements were detected in 17 of the 74 cases with M4-M5 (myelomonocytic and monocytic) AML and in 2 of the 52 cases with other leukemic subtypes (P < 0.01). Within the series of 74 M4-M5 patients, ALL-1 rearrangements were significantly associated with French-American-British Classification M5 (P = 0.009), high WBC (P = 0.002), and young age. In particular, all 5 infant (< 1.5 years) AML cases, 6 of the 19 (31%) patients between 1.5 and 18 years of age, and 6 of the 50 (12%) patients > 18 years old showed an altered ALL-1 genomic configuration (P < 0.001). Immunophenotypic characterization revealed coexpression of lymphoid and myeloid markers in 6 of 17 ALL-1 rearranged M4-M5 cases. The IgH gene configuration was studied in 77 of 126 AMLs. Five patients (6%) showed IgH clonal rearrangements and all were in the ALL-1 rearranged group (P < 0.0001). Our findings indicate that ALL-1 rearrangement is the commonest genetic alteration presently detectable in M4-M5 AML, particularly in childhood where it is found in up to one-third of all cases. The association of IgH rearrangements with ALL-1 alterations in AML, coupled to the frequent detection in this subset of lymphoid associated markers, further supports the origin of these tumors from a common multipotent precursor with bipotential lymphoid and monocytic differentiation capability.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Female', 'France', 'Gene Rearrangement', 'Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase', 'Humans', 'Immunophenotyping', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute', 'Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein', 'Proto-Oncogenes', 'Restriction Mapping', 'Transcription Factors', 'United Kingdom', 'United States', 'Zinc Fingers']
| 7,712,464
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D12.776.260'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['G05.344'], ['D08.811.913.555.500.800.200.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.447', 'E05.200.812.447', 'E05.478.594.450'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C04.557.337.539.275.484'], ['C04.557.337.539.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.260.560', 'D12.776.624.664.700.148', 'D12.776.930.483'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.500.791'], ['E05.393.183.620.650', 'E05.393.712'], ['D12.776.930'], ['Z01.542.363'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500.985']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Hepatic lesion caused by halogenated anesthetics].
|
Two patients has been presented to whom general anaesthesia consecutive with halogenated anesthetics has been administrated. In one of the observations the first anaesthesia was administrated with enfluorane and halothane was for the others. The two patients inured with jaundice and in one of them accompanied with hepatic insufficiency; both of them had favourable evolution. The histology of one of them show us a lesion compatible with injury caused by halogenated anaesthesia. In one of the patients appears evidences of hypersensitivity. It is request the possibility that the enfluorane could be acting as a sensibilisant drug of the hepatic injury produced by the halothane. This experience suggest us the danger already described of the consecutive use at short intervals of halogenated anesthetics. So long as fat patients are more sensible to the toxic action of these anesthetics it is suggested prevent in their cases.
|
['Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury', 'Enflurane', 'Halothane', 'Humans', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Necrosis']
| 7,185,232
|
[['C06.552.100', 'C25.100.562', 'C25.723.260'], ['D02.355.601.400'], ['D02.455.526.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.620'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.717']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Occupational health impacts of climate change: current and future ISO standards for the assessment of heat stress.
|
The current system of International Standards (ISO) is assessed to consider whether standards are fit for purpose for the future in the context of climate change. ISO 7243, ISO 7933 and ISO 9886 provide the current ISO system for the assessment of heat stress. These involve a simple monitoring index, an analytical approach and physiological monitoring, respectively. The system relies on accurate measurement of the thermal conditions experienced by the worker (ISO 7726); and estimations of metabolic heat production due to work (ISO 8996) and the thermal properties of clothing (ISO 9920). As well as standards for heat stress assessment, the full range of ISO standards and the physical environment is listed as well as current work and proposed standards. A particular 'gap' in anticipating requirements for ISO standards in the future is the link between meteorological data and ISO standards. This is important for predicting the global consequences of a changing climate and anticipating potential impacts on occupational health across countries and cultures.
|
['Climate Change', 'Clothing', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Ergonomics', 'Heat Stress Disorders', 'Humans', 'Meteorological Concepts', 'Monitoring, Physiologic', 'Occupational Diseases', 'Occupational Exposure']
| 23,411,759
|
[['G16.500.175.374'], ['J01.637.215'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['F02.784.412', 'J01.293.556'], ['C26.522'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G16.500.750', 'N06.230.300'], ['E01.370.520'], ['C24'], ['N06.850.460.350.600']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A yeast chemical genetic screen identifies inhibitors of human telomerase.
|
Telomerase comprises a reverse transcriptase and an internal RNA template that maintains telomeres in many eukaryotes, and it is a well-validated cancer target. However, there is a dearth of small molecules with efficacy against human telomerase in vivo. We developed a surrogate yeast high-throughput assay to identify human telomerase inhibitors. The reversibility of growth arrest induced by active human telomerase was assessed against a library of 678 compounds preselected for bioactivity in S. cerevisiae. Four of eight compounds identified reproducibly restored growth to strains expressing active human telomerase, and three of these four compounds also specifically inhibited purified human telomerase in vitro. These compounds represent probes for human telomerase function, and potential entry points for development of lead compounds against telomerase-positive cancers.
|
['Catalytic Domain', 'Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'HeLa Cells', 'High-Throughput Screening Assays', 'Humans', 'Phenotype', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Telomerase', 'Telomere-Binding Proteins']
| 23,521,791
|
[['G02.111.570.120.704', 'G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.188'], ['E05.290.750', 'E05.337.550'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['E05.916.680'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.695'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300.750.750', 'D12.776.157.687.613', 'D12.776.157.725.500.921', 'D12.776.660.720.613', 'D12.776.664.962.500.921'], ['D12.776.260.735', 'D12.776.660.235.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pedigrees of infertile Chinese men with Y chromosome microdeletions derived from natural transmission and de novo mutation.
|
Y chromosome microdeletions can cause male infertility and are classified as natural transmission and de novo mutations. To examine the source of these deletions in Chinese men and to provide a theoretical and laboratory basis for genetic counseling, patients from Northeast China with primary male infertility (N = 22) and their fathers were investigated. Karyotype analysis was performed on peripheral blood lymphocytes using standard G-banding. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction amplification using 18 specific sequence-tagged sites was selected to detect Y chromosome microdeletions. De novo mutations were observed in 17 father-son pairs, leading to a mutation rate of 77.27% (17/22), while the vertical transmission of Yq AZFc microdeletions was detected in 5 cases of the families investigated (29.41%, 5/17). There were no statistically significant differences between vertically transmitted and de novo mutations in men with AZFc deletions regarding age, testicular volume, and reproductive hormone levels. Most Y chromosome microdeletions in men from Northeast China are the result of de novo mutations via natural conception, and men with Yq AZFc deletions showed no clear differences between vertical transmission and de novo mutations.
|
['Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'China', 'Chromosome Banding', 'Chromosome Deletion', 'Chromosomes, Human, Y', 'Gene Deletion', 'Humans', 'Infertility, Male', 'Karyotype', 'Karyotyping', 'Male', 'Pedigree', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Sequence Tagged Sites', 'Sex Chromosome Aberrations', 'Sex Chromosome Disorders of Sex Development']
| 25,867,339
|
[['M01.686.508.200'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['E01.370.225.500.385.130', 'E01.370.225.500.620.670.130', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.130', 'E05.200.500.385.130', 'E05.200.500.620.670.130', 'E05.200.750.600.670.130', 'E05.242.385.130', 'E05.393.285.130'], ['C23.550.210.050.500.500', 'G05.365.590.029.530.175', 'G05.365.590.175.050.500.500', 'G05.365.590.762.180', 'G05.558.800.180', 'G05.700.131.500.500'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.505.757', 'A11.284.187.865.983.500', 'G05.360.162.520.300.505.757', 'G05.360.162.865.983.500'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.294.365.700'], ['G05.360.162.679'], ['E01.370.225.500.385.315', 'E05.200.500.385.315', 'E05.242.385.315', 'E05.393.285.475'], ['E05.393.673'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['G05.360.340.024.810'], ['C23.550.210.815', 'G05.365.590.175.815'], ['C12.706.316.795', 'C13.351.875.253.795', 'C16.131.260.830.835', 'C16.131.939.316.795', 'C16.320.180.830.835', 'C19.391.119.795']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Eosinophilia and the seroprevalence of schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis in newly arrived pediatric refugees: an examination of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention screening guidelines.
|
The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has published refugee health guidelines that recommend examination of the absolute eosinophil count (AEC) to screen for asymptomatic schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis. We examined the predictive validity of an AEC >400 cells/microL to identify refugees with serologic evidence for schistosomiasis or strongyloidiasis. Our study revealed that eosinophilia was not predictive of serologic evidence of either a Schistosoma species or Strongyloides stercoralis infection in the pediatric refugees examined in this study.
|
['Adolescent', 'Africa', 'Asia, Southeastern', 'Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Eosinophilia', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Mass Screening', 'Refugees', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Schistosomiasis', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Seroepidemiologic Studies', 'Strongyloidiasis', 'United States']
| 20,400,098
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['Z01.058'], ['Z01.252.145'], ['I01.409.418.750.600.650.200', 'N03.540.348.500.500.600.650.225'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C15.378.553.231'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['M01.755'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C01.610.335.865.859', 'C01.920.922'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E05.318.372.500.950', 'N05.715.360.330.500.950', 'N06.850.520.450.500.950'], ['C01.610.335.508.700.700.799'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Body mass index as a predictor of cancer in men.
|
In this prospective study 8,006 Japanese men, age 45-68 years, were examined between 1965 and 1968. Their height and weight were measured and they were asked for their weight at age 25. After a surveillance period of almost 15 years, 646 incident cases of the following cancers were identified: 104 stomach, 101 colon, 101 lung, 96 prostate, 63 rectum, and 181 cancers of other sites. Body mass index (BMI = weight/height2) at time of examination and weight gain since age 25 were positively associated with an increased risk for colon cancer in subjects age 55 or older at the time of examination. No other cancer had a significant positive association with either BMI at the time of examination or with weight gain since age 25. In contrast, a low BMI at examination and weight loss since age 25 were associated with an increased risk for stomach cancer, whereas only weight loss since age 25 was associated with an increased risk for lung cancer. These two cancers accounted for the overall significant association of weight loss with total cancer incidence.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Body Height', 'Body Weight', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Japan', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Stomach Neoplasms']
| 3,856,045
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160.100', 'E05.041.124.160.500', 'G07.100.100.160.100', 'G07.345.249.314.100'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Genetic variation in the HR region of the env gene of HIV: A perspective for resistance to HIV fusion inhibitors.
|
HIV fusion inhibitors may be classified into three groups. Peptides binding to HR1 include T1249, C30, and T20 (enfuvirtide). Peptides binding to HR2 include 5-helix. XTT formazan, NB-2, and NB-64 are nonpeptide fusion inhibitors. Genotypic testing for drug resistance is used more commonly than phenotypic testing because of its lower cost, wider availability, and shorter turnaround time. The aim of the study was to predict the efficacy of fusion inhibitors for AIDS patients in our population. A total of 100 specimens were collected. The viral RNA was isolated and nucleotides of the required regions were sequenced using the BigDye terminator method. It is concluded from this study that viruses in our population may show resistance to C30 and T20 whereas the other fusion inhibitors may be effectively used for our population.
|
['Gene Products, env', 'Genetic Variation', 'Genotype', 'HIV', 'HIV Fusion Inhibitors', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'RNA, Viral', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA']
| 20,874,419
|
[['D12.776.775.320', 'D12.776.964.775.325', 'D12.776.964.970.880.325'], ['G05.365'], ['G05.380'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350'], ['D27.505.519.957.500', 'D27.505.954.122.388.077.088.209', 'D27.505.954.122.388.538.500'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['E05.393.760.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Can we explain the allergenicity of peanuts on the basis of the three-dimensional structure of its allergens and use the information to devise means of eliminating peanut allergy?
|
Helical bundles are found in all the known structures of peanut allergens. The peptide fragments, which survive gastrointestinal digestion of the allergens and are absorbed intact, are hypothesized to reassociate and form stable helical bundles in the circulation, which could elicit a specific IgE response resulting in peanut allergy. The hypothesis is supported by the finding of a diminished allergenicity of an isoform of the peanut allergen, Ara h 3, which has a major deletion. A very probable consequence of this deletion is the reduced tendency to form a stable helix bundle. The discovery of structurally disrupted isoforms of the other peanut allergens and the breeding of plants that contain only those isoforms could lead to the elimination of peanut allergy.
|
['Allergens', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Arachis', 'Humans', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Molecular Structure', 'Peanut Hypersensitivity', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid']
| 22,910,770
|
[['D23.050.063'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.077'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.595'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['C20.543.480.370.572.750'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of a purified scorpion toxin (tityustoxin) on the isolated guinea pig heart.
|
To study the cardiac effects induced by purified scorpion toxin (tityustoxin, TsTX), without circulatory and respiratory influences, isolated guinea pig hearts were used. Single injections of 10, 20 or 30 micrograms TsTX induced positive inotropic and chronotropic effects in the majority of the experiments. The inotropic effects were dose-dependent. Simultaneous recording of the electrical activity of the heart showed sinus tachycardia, T wave inversion and ST segment deviations. Sinus bradycardia and/or A-V block were recorded in some experiments, simultaneously with the positive inotropic effects. After these initial events, the larger dose of TsTX elicited periodic changes of heart rate (in 70% of the experiments) which were explained by wandering pacemakers. During these periodic changes in heart rate, the electrocardiogram showed sinus bradycardia, idioventricular rhythm, complete or partial A-V block, sinus tachycardia, sinus arrest and junctional rhythm. The coronary flow varied inversely with the inotropism and the cardiac rate, but the changes in flow were related mainly to the inotropism. The effects of TsTX on the electrocardiogram, inotropism and coronary flow spontaneously disappeared 15-20 min after toxin injection. The arrhythmias induced by TsTX were blocked either by propranolol or by atropine and are assumed to be due to the release of catecholamines and acetylcholine from postganglionic nerve fibers in the heart.
|
['Animals', 'Coronary Circulation', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Heart', 'Heart Rate', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Myocardial Contraction', 'Neurotoxins', 'Propranolol', 'Scorpion Venoms']
| 7,179,293
|
[['B01.050'], ['G09.330.100.324'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['A07.541'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['E05.481'], ['G09.330.580', 'G11.427.494.570'], ['D27.888.569.504'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.711', 'D02.033.755.624.698.711', 'D02.092.063.624.698.711', 'D02.455.426.559.847.638.945', 'D04.615.638.945'], ['D20.888.065.830', 'D23.946.833.065.830']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Repeated thyroid surgery. Indications and results].
|
OBJECTIVES: To analyze the histology results and to assess operative risk of iterative operations for thyroid surgery.PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 249 re-operations were performed in 248 patients over a 6.5 year period. Two groups of patients were defined according to the indications for re-operation. Group 1: 80 patients; pathology examination of the surgical specimen discovered thyroid cancer. Group 2: 169 patients; recurrent nodular goitre after an initially benign disease.RESULTS: In group 1, 14 cancers were bilateral (17.5%) and 7 patients had cervical node metastases (8.8%). In group 2, 19 cancers were discovered (11.1%), including 5 cases with cervical node invasion (26.3%) and 4 with visceral metastases (21.1%). Twenty complications occurred in 20 patients (8%): compressive cervical hematomas (n = 3, 1.2%), recurrent nerve palsy (n = 7, 2.8%), hypoparathyroidism (n = 9, 3.6%; including 3 definitive cases, 1.2%) and mediastinitis (n = 1). These complications were significantly more frequent in patients re-operated for hyperthyroidism or those who had a past history of more than one cervicotomy.CONCLUSION: The frequency of bilateral cancer justifies completing thyroidectomy after partial thyroidectomy. The rate of definitive complications after re-operations is greater than first line cervicotomy but is low enough to allow iterative surgery using rigorous procedure in selected patients.
|
['Goiter, Nodular', 'Humans', 'Reoperation', 'Thyroid Neoplasms', 'Thyroidectomy']
| 9,569,907
|
[['C19.874.283.501'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.690'], ['C04.588.322.894', 'C04.588.443.915', 'C19.344.894', 'C19.874.788'], ['E04.270.856']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Clinical impacts of tumor cell contamination of hematopoietic stem cell products in metastatic breast cancer patients undergoing autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation: multicenter trial.
|
To determine whether the tumor cell contamination of peripheral blood stem cells influences clinical impacts on high-dose chemotherapy in patients with metastatic breast cancer, we analyzed carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) mRNA in the apheresis products by nested RT-PCR (reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction). A total of 38 metastatic breast cancer patients and ten normal healthy subjects as a negative control were included. Twenty out of 38 (51.3%) apheresis products from patients with metastatic breast cancer were positive for CEA mRNA. CEA mRNA was noted in 54.8% (17/31) of patients mobilized with chemotherapy plus G-CSF and 42.8% (3/7) of patients with G-CSF alone. There was no significant difference in age, estrogen receptor, menopausal status, mobilization method, disease free interval, or number of metastasis sites (1 vs > or = 2) between positive and negative groups. The presence of CEA mRNA in apheresis products did not influence the time to progression and overall survival in both groups. However, both the univariate and the multivariate analysis disclosed that the number of metastasis was associated with survival significantly. We suggest that the tumor cell contamination does not predict poor treatment outcome in patients with metastatic breast cancer.
|
['Adult', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Carcinoembryonic Antigen', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Doxorubicin', 'Epirubicin', 'Female', 'Fluorouracil', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Neoplastic Cells, Circulating', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Prognosis', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction']
| 11,306,743
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.210', 'D12.776.543.550.200.210', 'D23.050.285.329', 'D23.050.301.350.210', 'D23.101.140.300'], ['E02.186'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.730.243', 'D02.705.672.500.243'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200.175', 'D04.615.562.050.200.175', 'D09.408.051.059.200.175'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200.175.200', 'D04.615.562.050.200.175.200', 'D09.408.051.059.200.175.200'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['A11.642', 'C04.697.650.900', 'C23.550.727.650.900'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['E01.789'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.393.620.500.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Linking 'White oppression' and HIV/AIDS in American Indian etiology: conspiracy beliefs among MSMs and their peers.
|
This article presents the results of a pilot study on the use of conspiracy beliefs by American Indian (AI) men who have sex with men and their peers to explain the origins of HIV/AIDS. We found that one-third (N = 15) of the individuals surveyed believed that HIV/AIDS was intentionally created by "Whites, White Christians, or the Federal government" and purposely spread among minority populations. Conspiracy beliefs, we argue, should be looked at as a potential form of power recognition where AIs draw on their experiences of oppression to explain the presence of HIV/AIDS within their communities, at the same time that they draw on public health knowledge to explain how humans get HIV/AIDS. We advocate further research to better ascertain the eff ect that conspiracy beliefs have on HIV prevention and the treatment of individuals living with HIV/AIDS.
|
['Adult', 'Anthropology, Cultural', 'Attitude to Health', 'HIV Infections', 'Homosexuality, Male', 'Humans', 'Indians, North American', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Social Identification', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'United States']
| 17,602,412
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['I01.076.201'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['F01.145.802.975.500.600', 'G08.686.867.500.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.686.508.150.600'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.145.813.708'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Interactions between the autonomic nervous system and tachycardias in man.
|
We have endeavoured to present an integrated and dynamic overview of the interaction between the autonomic nervous system and cardiac arrhythmias. Our purpose was not to be comprehensive, detailed, or all inclusive but to present a clinically relevant summary of some of the areas where autonomic tone may be pertinent. Clearly, most arrhythmias are not the result of a primary autonomic nervous system disorder. However, subtle and overt alterations in autonomic tone, interacting with rate, pressure, cardiac volume, contractility, and the intrinsic myocardial electrophysiologic properties likely exert a critical influence on many cardiac arrhythmias. We wish to emphasize that autonomic effects may be temporarily concealed or overwhelmed during certain states or by the administration of drugs. However, the modulating role of neural tone and neurotransmitters is almost always present, contributing significantly to the outcome of therapy.
|
['Anti-Arrhythmia Agents', 'Atrial Fibrillation', 'Autonomic Nervous System', 'Blood Pressure', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Electrocardiography', 'Heart Conduction System', 'Heart Rate', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Humans', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Reflex', 'Sympathetic Nervous System', 'Tachycardia', 'Tachycardia, Paroxysmal', 'Vagus Nerve', 'Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome']
| 6,544,634
|
[['D27.505.954.411.097'], ['C14.280.067.198', 'C23.550.073.198'], ['A08.800.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.171'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['A07.541.409'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['A07.541.560'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['E01.370.376.550.650', 'E01.370.600.550.650', 'F02.830.702', 'G11.561.731'], ['A08.800.050.800'], ['C14.280.067.845', 'C14.280.123.875', 'C23.550.073.845'], ['C14.280.067.845.695', 'C14.280.123.875.695', 'C23.550.073.845.695'], ['A08.800.050.050.925', 'A08.800.050.600.825', 'A08.800.800.060.920', 'A08.800.800.120.900'], ['C14.280.067.780.977', 'C14.280.123.750.977', 'C16.131.240.400.980']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Outbreak of Mycoplasma pneumoniae-Associated Stevens-Johnson Syndrome.
|
BACKGROUND: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is an uncommon, sporadic disease and outbreaks are rare. In November 2013, an outbreak of SJS was identified at Children's Hospital Colorado.METHODS: Outbreak cases were children aged 5-21 with a discharge diagnosis of SJS admitted from September 1 to November 30, 2013. Medical charts were reviewed using standardized data collection forms. Respiratory specimens were tested for viruses and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We conducted a separate 4-year retrospective case-control study comparing hospitalized SJS cases with and without evidence of Mp infection.RESULTS: During the outbreak, 8 children met SJS criteria. Median age was 11.5 years (range 8-16 years); 5 (63%) were boys and 5 (63%) were Mp-PCR-positive. Of the 5 PCR-positive children, none had preceding medication exposure, and all had radiographic pneumonia. All outbreak Mp isolates were macrolide susceptible. The retrospective case-control analysis showed that Mp-associated SJS episodes (n = 17) were more likely to have pneumonia (odds ratio [OR] 7.5, confidence interval [CI] 1.6–35.1), preceding respiratory symptoms (OR 30.0, CI 3.3–269.4) [corrected] an erythrocyte sedimentation rate ?35 mg/dL (OR 22.8, CI 2.1-244.9), and ?3 affected skin sites (OR 4.5, CI 1.2-17.4) than non-Mp-associated SJS episodes (n = 23).CONCLUSIONS: We report the largest outbreak of SJS in children, which was also predominately associated with Mp infection. Mp-associated SJS was associated with a distinct clinical presentation that included less extensive skin disease, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and evidence of a preceding respiratory infection.
|
['Adolescent', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Colorado', 'Disease Outbreaks', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pneumonia, Mycoplasma', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Stevens-Johnson Syndrome', 'Young Adult']
| 26,216,320
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.210'], ['N06.850.290'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.150.252.400.610.610.760', 'C01.150.252.620.500', 'C01.748.610.540.545', 'C08.381.677.540.500', 'C08.730.610.540.545'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C07.465.864.500', 'C17.800.174.600.900', 'C17.800.229.400.683', 'C17.800.865.475.683', 'C20.543.206.380.900', 'C25.100.468.380.900'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Overexpression of wild-type and mutant ARF1 and ARF6: distinct perturbations of nonoverlapping membrane compartments.
|
The ARF GTP binding proteins are believed to function as regulators of membrane traffic in the secretory pathway. While the ARF1 protein has been shown in vitro to mediate the membrane interaction of the cytosolic coat proteins coatomer (COP1) and gamma-adaptin with the Golgi complex, the functions of the other ARF proteins have not been defined. Here, we show by transient transfection with epitope-tagged ARFs, that whereas ARF1 is localized to the Golgi complex and can be shown to affect predictably the assembly of COP1 and gamma-adaptin with Golgi membranes in cells, ARF6 is localized to the endosomal/plasma membrane system and has no effect on these Golgi-associated coat proteins. By immuno-electron microscopy, the wild-type ARF6 protein is observed along the plasma membrane and associated with endosomes, and overexpression of ARF6 does not appear to alter the morphology of the peripheral membrane system. In contrast, overexpression of ARF6 mutants predicted either to hydrolyze or bind GTP poorly shifts the distribution of ARF6 and affects the structure of the endocytic pathway. The GTP hydrolysis-defective mutant is localized to the plasma membrane and its overexpression results in a profound induction of extensive plasma membrane vaginations and a depletion of endosomes. Conversely, the GTP binding-defective ARF6 mutant is present exclusively in endosomal structures, and its overexpression results in a massive accumulation of coated endocytic structures.
|
['ADP-Ribosylation Factor 1', 'ADP-Ribosylation Factors', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cell Compartmentation', 'Cell Membrane', 'Cells, Cultured', 'DNA Primers', 'GTP-Binding Proteins', 'Golgi Apparatus', 'Haplorhini', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'Sequence Alignment']
| 7,896,867
|
[['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.100.100', 'D12.644.360.525.100.100', 'D12.776.157.325.515.100.100', 'D12.776.476.525.100.100', 'D12.776.543.990.300.150'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.100', 'D12.644.360.525.100', 'D12.776.157.325.515.100', 'D12.776.476.525.100'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G04.128'], ['A11.284.149'], ['A11.251'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300', 'D12.776.157.325'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.336'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['E05.393.751']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.