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Surface replacement of the hip with the Tharies system. Two to five-year results.
|
The two to five-year clinical results of 200 Tharies surface replacements were comparable to those of conventional total hip replacement. The incidence of systemic complications, dislocations, and sepsis was low. There were ten cases of aseptic and one case of septic loosening. Nine minor secondary procedures were required in the series. In two patients the femoral component shifted asymptomatically into varus angulation, but no revision was needed. Fifty-five per cent of patients for whom serial radiographs were available had some progression of radiolucency, but there was poor correlation between the width of the zone and loosening until the patient became symptomatic. Improved techniques of preparation of the interface and of delivery, compression, and containment of the cement have improved the postoperative radiographic appearance of the more recently treated patients.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Gait', 'Hip Joint', 'Hip Prosthesis', 'Humans', 'Joint Diseases', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Movement', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Radiography']
| 7,276,044
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E01.370.600.250', 'G11.427.410.568.900.750'], ['A02.835.583.411'], ['E07.695.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.550'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E01.370.350.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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| 0
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| 0
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| 1
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|
The development of future thinking: young children's ability to construct event sequences to achieve future goals.
|
Previous studies suggest that the ability to think about and act on the future emerges between 3 and 5 years of age. However, it is unclear what underlying processes change during the development of early future-oriented behavior. We report three experiments that tested the emergence of future thinking ability through children's ability to explicitly maintain future goals and construct future scenarios. Our main objectives were to examine the effects of goal structure and the effects of working memory demands on children's ability to construct future scenarios and make choices to satisfy future goals. The results indicate that 4-year-olds were able to successfully accomplish two temporally ordered goals even with high working memory demands and a complex goal structure, whereas 3-year-olds were able to accomplish two goals only when the working memory demands were low and the goal structure did not involve additional demands from inferential reasoning and contingencies between the temporally ordered goals. Results are discussed in terms of the development of future thinking in conjunction with working memory, inferential reasoning ability, and goal maintenance abilities.
|
['Age Factors', 'Child Development', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Forecasting', 'Goals', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Memory, Short-Term', 'Thinking']
| 24,786,765
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['F01.525.200', 'G07.345.374.750'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['I01.320'], ['F01.658.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425.540.407'], ['F02.463.785']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
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Firefly luciferase ATP assay as a screening method for bacteriuria.
|
A rapid (15 min) test for bacteriuria based on firefly luciferase analysis of bacterial ATP has been evaluated in 2,018 clinical urine specimens. The test procedure involves removal of nonbacterial ATP by treatment of urine with Triton X-100 and apyrase, extraction of bacterial ATP by boiling, and bioluminescent analysis of bacterial ATP by firefly luciferase, using a luminometer. For comparison, the widely used nitrite test was included in the study as an example of an alternative rapid chemical test. The test was set up to distinguish between specimens yielding greater than 10(5) CFU/ml and specimens yielding less than 10(5) CFU/ml. A level of 13.5 nM ATP was chosen to define the limit between negative and positive results. At this discriminatory level, 92% of specimens yielding greater than 10(5) CFU/ml and 88% of specimens yielding less than 10(5) CFU/ml were correctly classified with the luciferase method, whereas corresponding figures for the nitrite test were 55 and 99%, respectively. Of the 12% false luciferase positives, 20% were shown to contain greater than 10(5) CFU/ml on prolonged incubation, thus reducing the false-positive rate to 10%. Of the 8% false luciferase negatives, 65% had low levels of CFU in the range of 10(5) to 10(6).
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Animals', 'Bacteriological Techniques', 'Bacteriuria', 'Coleoptera', 'False Negative Reactions', 'False Positive Reactions', 'Humans', 'Luciferases', 'Luminescent Measurements', 'Mass Screening', 'Nitrites']
| 6,339,544
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.875.150', 'E05.200.875.150'], ['C01.915.219', 'C12.777.892.219', 'C13.351.968.892.219'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.375'], ['E01.354.340'], ['E01.354.506'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.682.517', 'D12.776.532.510'], ['E05.196.712.516'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['D01.248.497.158.635', 'D01.625.600.600', 'D02.633']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Adverse events in therapeutic apheresis: a single center survey of various therapies.
|
The aim of the study was to review the adverse events associated with various treatment modalities performed in a single apheresis facility. A total of 854 sessions with 10 types of apheresis therapies were performed and 154 (18.0%) adverse events were observed over a four-year period. Of the adverse events, 77 were related to operational problems and another 77 were complications associated with treatment. A transmembranous pressure abnormality constituted more than 80% of the operational problems. Nausea was the most frequent complication, accounting for 19 of the 77 treatment-related events. A total of 26 (16.9%) adverse events occurred in the early stage of the sessions, 40 (26.0%) in the middle stage, and 88 (57.1%) in the late stage. The information in this study can be used to improve the safety and efficacy of apheresis therapy.
|
['Blood Component Removal', 'Humans', 'Japan', 'Leukapheresis', 'Nausea', 'Time Factors']
| 21,118,368
|
[['E02.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['E02.095.160.570', 'E02.120.285.570', 'E02.120.527.570', 'E05.200.500.363.171.570', 'E05.242.363.171.570'], ['C23.888.821.712'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Counseling: establishing a culture of forgiveness.
|
Counseling "problem employees" can be a painful experience for everyone involved. The counseling process often fails because forgiveness is not a part of organizational culture in the United States. This author stresses the need for a forgiveness plan that will enable employees to recommit to their jobs
|
['Counseling', 'Employee Discipline', 'Humans', 'Interprofessional Relations', 'Organizational Culture', 'Personnel Management']
| 17,822,645
|
[['F02.784.176', 'F04.408.413', 'N02.421.143.303', 'N02.421.461.363'], ['N04.452.677.358'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401.205'], ['N04.452.606'], ['N04.452.677']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Miniaturized protein arrays: Model and experiment.
|
Nanobiolithography techniques have the ability to fabricate structures of biomolecules as small as ?40 nm. However, very few examples of working biosensors of these sizes have been demonstrated. These examples use substrates like Gold and Silicon, that are advantageous for fabrication purposes, but present disadvantages as far as signal detection is concerned. The preferred and standard substrates used in microarray research are fabricated on glass. On these surfaces, the binding site density varies between and within individual samples, and is largely not characterized. We report here on the fabrication of a fully functional immunochip with spots of ?1 ìm diameter and a signal to noise ratio (SNR) above 10, using Nano-fountain pen (NFP). To achieve this, we analyze the dominant parameters influencing SNR, develop a model that enables us to compare various types of surfaces and choose the most appropriate ones. We show that a miniaturized immunochip is feasible, yielding detection limit as low as 1.3 ng/ml and dynamic range well above 10(5). Cross-reactivity of two different species is shown to be negligible. In addition, we study the binding mechanism of surfaces, show how to differentiate between 2D and 3D immobilization, and show that a hydrogel surface (using non-covalent immobilization strategy) yields higher intensities for the same target molecule concentrations, and higher dynamic range.
|
['Binding Sites', 'Biosensing Techniques', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Gold', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Protein Array Analysis', 'Silicon']
| 21,411,306
|
[['G02.111.570.120'], ['E05.601.043'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['D01.268.556.322', 'D01.268.956.186', 'D01.552.544.322'], ['E05.599'], ['E05.588.570.700', 'E05.601.680'], ['D01.268.513.937']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pancreas transplantation: long-term results.
|
The rationale behind pancreatic transplantation is to provide a self-regulated, endogenous source of insulin and other islet hormones, thus restoring normal metabolism with the ultimate goals of prevention, stabilization or reversal of secondary degenerative complications. We report clinical and metabolic data of 8 patients submitted to simultaneous kidney and pancreas transplantation in our institute, who had a pancreatic graft function for 4 (1 case) and 5 (7 cases) years. To assess the impact of transplanted pancreatic mass on long-term function, we also included 10 patients from a comparative study between segmental pancreas transplantation (group A, 5 pts) and whole pancreas with enteric diversion transplantation (group B, 5 pts), who had pancreatic function for 2 and 3 yr. All patients are alive. Seven of these patients are off insulin, while one patient lost pancreatic function during an operation performed to correct an arterial stenosis of the graft. HbAlc levels were normal during the entire follow-up period (5.2+/-0.14% at 4 yr; 5.1+/-0.6% at 5 yr). In 24-hour metabolic profiles we observed near normal blood glucose levels, with good insulin release at 4 yr and a mild hyperglycemia at 5 yr (BG at 9 p.m.: 8.8+/-1.3 mmol/l). OGTT performed in 5 patients, 4 yr after pancreas transplantation, showed an impaired glucose tolerance, while the same test performed at 5 yr, showed higher values (BG 120 minutes: 14.7+/-0.2 mmol/l). Group A and group B patients are all alive, with good renal and pancreatic function.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Adult', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Diabetic Neuropathies', 'Diabetic Retinopathy', 'Duodenum', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Pancreas Transplantation', 'Pancreatic Ducts']
| 10,147,641
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['C10.668.829.300', 'C19.246.099.937'], ['C11.768.257', 'C14.907.320.382', 'C19.246.099.500.382'], ['A03.556.124.684.124', 'A03.556.875.249'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['E04.210.725', 'E04.936.450.650'], ['A03.734.667']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Sources of sampling variation in saliva cortisol in dogs.
|
The main advantage of collecting saliva cortisol as opposed to plasma cortisol is that it is non-invasive and therefore it is now widely used in stress measurement studies on farm animals and dogs. Although a plasma cortisol response to handling associated with blood collection generally occurs at 3 min from the commencement of handling, there is no information in the literature on the time course of the response of salivary cortisol concentration to handling. The aims of these experiments were to (1). determine if there is a response to up to 4 min handling that affects cortisol concentration in saliva and (2). determine the main causes of variation in saliva cortisol in dogs over time. In experiment 1, saliva was collected from six Kelpies at 0 min then 2, 3 or 4 min after the commencement of restraint. There was no handling effect found in up to 4 min sampling time. In experiment 2, saliva was collected from six Labrador Retrievers five times in 2 h (14:00-16:00), three days a week for four weeks. Some of the sources of variation in saliva cortisol over time included between dog variation that varied over a period of days and variation between occasions that affected the group of dogs as a whole.
|
['Animals', 'Dogs', 'Female', 'Hydrocortisone', 'Male', 'Observer Variation', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Saliva', 'Specimen Handling', 'Time Factors']
| 12,893,165
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.600', 'D06.472.040.585.353.476', 'D06.472.040.585.478.392'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['A12.200.666'], ['E01.370.225.998', 'E05.200.998'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
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| 0
|
V. Multi-level analysis of cortical neuroanatomy in Williams syndrome.
|
The purpose of a neuroanatomical analysis of Williams Syndrome (WMS) brains is to help bridge the knowledge of the genetics of this disorder with the knowledge on behavior. Here, we outline findings of cortical neuroanatomy at multiple levels. We describe the gross anatomy with respect to brain shape, cortical folding, and asymmetry. This, as with most neuroanatomical information available in the literature on anatomical-functional correlations, links up best to the behavioral profile. Then, we describe the cytoarchitectonic appearance of the cortex. Further, we report on some histometric results. Finally, we present findings of immunocytochemistry that attempt to link up to the genomic deletion. The gross anatomical findings consist mainly of a small brain that shows curtailment in the posterior-parietal and occipital regions. There is also subtle dysmorphism of cortical folding. A consistent finding is a short central sulcus that does not become opercularized in the interhemispheric fissure, bringing attention to a possible developmental anomaly affecting the dorsal half of the hemispheres. There is also lack of asymmetry in the planum temporale. The cortical cytoarchitecture is relatively normal, with all sampled areas showing features typical of the region from which they are taken. Measurements in area 17 show increased cell size and decreased cell-packing density, which address the issue of possible abnormal connectivity. Immunostaining shows absence of elastin but normal staining for Lim-1 kinase, both of which are products of genes that are part of the deletion. Finally, one serially sectioned brain shows a fair amount of acquired pathology of microvascular origin related most likely to underlying hypertension and heart disease.
|
['Adult', 'Amygdala', 'Behavior', 'Brain Chemistry', 'Cell Count', 'Cell Size', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Elastin', 'Functional Laterality', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Lim Kinases', 'Male', 'Neurons', 'Organ Size', 'Protein Kinases', 'Williams Syndrome']
| 10,953,235
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211.180.090', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.152'], ['F01.145'], ['G02.111.150', 'G03.185'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['G04.325'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['D05.750.078.421', 'D12.776.860.300.350'], ['F02.830.297.425', 'G11.561.225.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.542', 'D12.644.360.390', 'D12.776.476.396', 'D12.776.512.124'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682'], ['C10.597.606.360.970', 'C14.280.484.048.750.535.960', 'C16.131.260.970', 'C16.320.180.970']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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| 1
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|
[A historical skull specimen in Leipheim with evidence of penetrating injury].
|
Report on a skull, which was found in a dredged pit together with 20 incomplete skeletons. There were two sharp-edged lesions without signs of regeneration, probable caused by a sharp object like a sword. Relics found at the scene led to the presumption, that the skull belonged to a victim of peasant's war, which happened in the early 16th century. Details referring to the mechanism of the injury are analyzed as well as the dating and the estimation of the subject's age.
|
['Civil Disorders', 'Germany', 'History, 16th Century', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Occipital Bone', 'Skull Fractures', 'Wounds, Stab']
| 8,546,562
|
[['I01.880.735.140'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['K01.400.475.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.781.572'], ['C10.900.300.918', 'C26.404.750', 'C26.915.300.745'], ['C26.986.950']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
131I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine in diagnosis and treatment of neuroblastoma.
|
131I MIBG is taken up and stored by neural crest tumors, essentially pheochromocytoma and neuroblastoma. MIBG diagnosis in neuroblastoma has been attempted with the following results. 205 total body scintigrams were performed in 60 patients with neuroblastoma with doses of MIBG ranging from 0.5 to 1 mCi. 52 were positive, 6 in complete remission were negative, and 2 were false negatives in adults with tumors showing no secretion of metabolites. More than 90% of neuroblastoma are MIBG positive, and therefore MIBG imaging is now considered the most valuable means of diagnosis and staging of these tumors. 131I MIBG therapy has been attempted in 22 patients with neuroblastoma. They received multiple therapeutic doses of 41 to 2,090 mCi given IV at 3- to 6-week intervals. The results were 5 complete remissions, 10 partial remissions, 1 no change, 2 progressive disease and 1 lost to FU. Apart from bone marrow depression in patients with previous bone marrow involvement, the treatment was well tolerated. Six adults with other neural crest tumors were also treated. Pain relief in metastatic patients is a common and important result of MIBG therapy.
|
['3-Iodobenzylguanidine', 'Adolescent', 'Adrenal Gland Neoplasms', 'Bone Marrow', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Iodine Radioisotopes', 'Iodobenzenes', 'Neuroblastoma', 'Pheochromocytoma', 'Radionuclide Imaging', 'Radiotherapy Dosage']
| 3,359,053
|
[['D02.078.370.510', 'D02.455.426.559.389.454.300', 'D02.455.526.581.496.300'], ['M01.060.057'], ['C04.588.322.078', 'C19.053.347', 'C19.344.078'], ['A15.382.216'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E02.319.283'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['D01.268.380.400.500.496', 'D01.496.448.496', 'D01.496.749.474'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.454', 'D02.455.526.581.496'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.590.650.550', 'C04.557.470.670.590.650.550', 'C04.557.580.625.600.590.650.550'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.700.725', 'C04.557.580.625.650.700.725'], ['E01.370.350.710', 'E01.370.384.730'], ['E02.815.639']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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|
The lived experience of peripheral neuropathy after solid organ transplant.
|
BACKGROUND: The immunosuppressants required after transplant cause peripheral neuropathy with an incidence of 10% to 60%. Peripheral neuropathy adversely affects health-related quality of life in other populations.OBJECTIVE: To describe the lived experience of peripheral neuropathy after solid organ transplant.DESIGN: A qualitative phenomenological study with semistructured interviews. A purposive sample of 7 solid organ transplant recipients with peripheral neuropathy was recruited from 2 transplant clinics at a large Midwest tertiary care center. Interviews were audio taped and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed line-by-line and coded by using HyperResearch 2.0.RESULTS: Although participants' experiences were similar to those reported by others with peripheral neuropathy, there were also unique differences. Unique to this population was unexpected onset, rapid escalation of symptoms, lack of provider monitoring, and poor provider response to reported symptoms. Their experience demonstrated that peripheral neuropathy diminished health-related quality of life. Four themes emerged from the data: (1) nothing is supposed to happen after transplant; (2) neuropathy causes me more problems than my heart; (3) maybe there is something that could help; and (4) I've learned to live with certain limitations.CONCLUSION: Development of or worsening of peripheral neuropathy after solid organ transplant may decrease health-related quality of life. Follow-up care should include vigilant monitoring for signs of peripheral neuropathy. Providers need to provide early treatment, education, support, empathy, and understanding.
|
['Female', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Organ Transplantation', 'Peripheral Nervous System Diseases', 'Quality of Life']
| 22,951,505
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.936.450'], ['C10.668.829'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
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| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Acetylcholine-induced ex vivo ATP release from the human nasal mucosa.
|
OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed at investigating ATP release in response to acetylcholine (Ach) and pharmacologically elucidating the intracellular signal transduction pathway of this reaction in an ex vivo experiment.METHODS: The inferior turbinate mucosa was collected from 21 patients with chronic hypertrophic rhinitis who underwent endoscopic turbinectomy. The mucosa was shaped into a filmy round piece, and incubated with chemical(s) in Hank's balanced salt solution for 10min. After incubation, the ATP concentration was measured by a luciferin-luciferase assay.RESULTS: The baseline release of ATP without stimulus was 57.2±10.3fM. The ATP release was significantly increased by stimulation with 100ìM Ach. The Ach-induced ATP release was completely inhibited by removing extracellular Ca2+. Significant inhibition of the Ach-induced ATP release was also observed by the addition of 1ìM atropine, 40ìM 2-APB, 10ìM CBX, and 100ìM PPADS, whereas 30nM bafilomycin A1 did not affect the ATP release.CONCLUSION: These results indicate that the Ach-induced ATP release from the human nasal mucosa is dependent on the pannexin-1 channel and purinergic P2X7 receptor, suggesting that these two molecules constitute a local autocrine/paracrine signaling system in the human nasal epithelium.
|
['Acetylcholine', 'Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Anti-Ulcer Agents', 'Atropine', 'Calcium', 'Carbenoxolone', 'Cholinergic Agonists', 'Connexins', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Macrolides', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscarinic Antagonists', 'Nasal Mucosa', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists', 'Pyridoxal Phosphate', 'Rhinitis', 'Signal Transduction', 'Young Adult']
| 27,692,399
|
[['D02.092.211.111'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.483.203'], ['D02.145.074.722.229.199', 'D03.132.760.180.572.199', 'D03.132.889.180.648.199', 'D03.605.084.500.722.229.199', 'D03.605.869.229.199'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D02.455.849.919.530.444.250'], ['D27.505.519.625.120.140', 'D27.505.696.577.120.140'], ['D12.776.543.585.250'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.540.505', 'D02.540.576.500', 'D04.345.674.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D27.505.519.625.120.200.500', 'D27.505.696.577.120.200.500'], ['A04.531.520', 'A04.760.600', 'A10.615.550.760.600'], ['D12.776.631'], ['D27.505.519.625.725.400.200', 'D27.505.696.577.725.400.200'], ['D03.383.725.676.925.500.500', 'D08.211.740'], ['C01.748.674', 'C08.460.799', 'C08.730.674', 'C09.603.799'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Variable patterned pudendal nerve stimuli improves reflex bladder activation.
|
We evaluated variable patterns of pudendal nerve (PN) stimuli for reflex bladder excitation. Reflex activation of the bladder has been demonstrated previously with 20-33 Hz continuous stimulation of PN afferents. Neuronal circuits accessed by afferent mediated pathways may respond better to physiological patterned stimuli than continuous stimulation. Unilateral PN nerve cuffs were placed in neurologically intact male cats. PN stimulation (0.5-100 Hz) was performed under isovolumetric conditions at bladder volumes up to the occurrence of distension evoked reflex contractions. Stimulus evoked reflex bladder contractions were elicited in eight cats. Across all experiments, bursting of 2-10 pulses at 100-200 Hz repeated at continuous stimulation frequencies evoked significantly larger bladder responses than continuous (single pulse) stimulation (52.0+/-44.5%). Bladder excitation was also effective at 1 Hz continuous stimuli, which is lower than typically reported. Variable patterned pulse bursting resulted in greater evoked reflex bladder pressures and increased the potential stimulation parameter space for effective bladder excitation. Improved bladder excitation should increase the efficacy of neuroprostheses for bladder control.
|
['Animals', 'Cats', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Electric Stimulation Therapy', 'Male', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscle, Smooth', 'Pressure', 'Reflex', 'Urinary Bladder']
| 18,403,282
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['E05.723.402'], ['E02.331', 'E02.779.468', 'E02.831.535.468'], ['G11.427.494'], ['A02.633.570', 'A10.690.467'], ['G01.374.715'], ['E01.370.376.550.650', 'E01.370.600.550.650', 'F02.830.702', 'G11.561.731'], ['A05.810.890']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Peptic ulcer perforation: a complication of double contrast barium meal examination.
|
This is a case report of peptic ulcer perforation as a complication of double contrast Barium meal examination in the presence of gastric outlet obstruction.
|
['Aged', 'Barium Sulfate', 'Enema', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Peptic Ulcer Perforation', 'Pyloric Stenosis', 'Stomach Ulcer']
| 2,799,373
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D01.103.075', 'D01.875.800.800.850.075'], ['E02.319.347'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.405.469.275.800.698', 'C06.405.748.586.698'], ['C06.405.748.340.690'], ['C06.405.469.275.800.849', 'C06.405.748.586.849']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Inhibition of hepatitis B virus replication by the host zinc finger antiviral protein.
|
The zinc finger antiviral protein (ZAP) is a mammalian host restriction factor that inhibits the replication of a variety of RNA viruses, including retroviruses, alphaviruses and filoviruses, through interaction with the ZAP-responsive elements (ZRE) in viral RNA, and recruiting the exosome to degrade RNA substrate. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a pararetrovirus that replicates its genomic DNA via reverse transcription of a viral pregenomic (pg) RNA precursor. Here, we demonstrate that the two isoforms of human ZAP (hZAP-L and -S) inhibit HBV replication in human hepatocyte-derived cells through posttranscriptional down-regulation of viral pgRNA. Mechanistically, the zinc finger motif-containing N-terminus of hZAP is responsible for the reduction of HBV RNA, and the integrity of the four zinc finger motifs is essential for ZAP to bind to HBV RNA and fulfill its antiviral function. The ZRE sequences conferring the susceptibility of viral RNA to ZAP-mediated RNA decay were mapped to the terminal redundant region (nt 1820-1918) of HBV pgRNA. In agreement with its role as a host restriction factor and as an innate immune mediator for HBV infection, ZAP was upregulated in cultured primary human hepatocytes and hepatocyte-derived cells upon IFN-á treatment or IPS-1 activation, and in the livers of hepatitis B patients during immune active phase. Knock down of ZAP expression increased the level of HBV RNA and partially attenuated the antiviral effect elicited by IPS-1 in cell cultures. In summary, we demonstrated that ZAP is an intrinsic host antiviral factor with activity against HBV through down-regulation of viral RNA, and that ZAP plays a role in the innate control of HBV replication. Our findings thus shed light on virus-host interaction, viral pathogenesis, and antiviral approaches.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Animals', 'Carrier Proteins', 'DNA Replication', 'DNA, Viral', 'Down-Regulation', 'Female', 'Hep G2 Cells', 'Hepatitis B virus', 'Hepatitis B, Chronic', 'Hepatocytes', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs', 'Protein Isoforms', 'RNA Stability', 'RNA, Viral', 'RNA-Binding Proteins', 'Rats', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Virus Replication', 'Young Adult']
| 23,853,601
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.157'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['A11.251.860.180.432', 'A11.436.348.500'], ['B04.280.375.650.425', 'B04.450.390.650.425'], ['C01.221.250.500.100', 'C01.925.256.430.400.100', 'C01.925.440.435.100', 'C06.552.380.350.100', 'C06.552.380.705.437.100'], ['A11.436.348'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.541'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.500'], ['D12.776.800'], ['G02.111.780'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['D12.776.157.725', 'D12.776.664.962'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.828'], ['G06.920.925'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A cognitive and physical performance assessment of retirees entering a continuing care retirement community: the Moorings Assessment Protocol.
|
Moorings Park Continuing Care Retirement Community (CCRC) screened 267 applicants (115 males; 152 females; mean age 80.22 years) using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the 7-Minute Screen, the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and the Physical Performance Test (PPT). They compared mean scores across admission/nonadmission groups to determine the extent to which cognitively impaired persons were effectively redirected from independent living settings inadequate for their needs. Groups differed (p < .05) on 21 test items/scores, including subscales of the 7-Minute Screen. The nonadmission group underperformed the admission group and healthy controls from earlier research, and outscored persons with Alzheimer's disease on all 7-Minute Screen subscales. Researchers concluded that geriatricians had effectively identified those with dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and placed them into supervised settings more appropriate to their clinical and social needs.
|
['Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Dementia', 'Female', 'Florida', 'Geriatric Assessment', 'Housing for the Elderly', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Psychomotor Performance']
| 12,708,221
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C10.228.140.380', 'F03.615.400'], ['Z01.107.567.875.750.350'], ['E05.318.308.225', 'I01.240.425.350', 'N01.224.425.350', 'N05.715.360.300.360', 'N06.850.505.400.425.350', 'N06.850.520.308.225'], ['J03.340.260', 'N01.224.791.400.410', 'N06.230.150.360.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.711.513'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Knowledge and involvement of nurses regarding health policy development in Thailand.
|
The purpose of this descriptive study was to explain the levels of knowledge about and involvement in national health policy development by nurses in Thailand. The study used quantitative and qualitative means to gather data about the topic from two groups of professional nurses: 2121 nurses who worked in hospitals around the country and 26 nurse leaders who were members of steering committees in nursing professional organizations. A self-administered questionnaire and an interview guide regarding knowledge and involvement in national health policy were used for collecting the data. The content validity and reliability of the questionnaire were assured. The results showed that almost two-thirds of the sample had a high level of knowledge about national health policy development but that almost three-quarters of the sample had no involvement in national health policy development. The interviews of the nurse leaders showed that some of them had been involved directly in formulating health policy but most of them thought that they had not been involved directly. The results demonstrated that it is essential that nurses understand and be actively involved in national health policy development.
|
['Adult', 'Clinical Competence', 'Female', 'Health Policy', 'Humans', 'Knowledge', 'Leadership', 'Male', "Nurse's Role", 'Public Policy', 'Qualitative Research', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Thailand']
| 20,602,695
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['I01.655.500.608.400', 'I01.880.604.825.608.400', 'N03.623.500.608.428'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['K01.468'], ['F01.752.609'], ['F01.829.316.616.625.450', 'N05.300.100.337'], ['I01.655.500.608', 'I01.880.604.825.608', 'N03.623.500.608'], ['H01.770.644.241.850'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.252.145.841']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Membrane structure and interactions of peptide hormones with model lipid bilayers.
|
In this work, the behavior of the neurohypophyseal hormones and their selected analogs was studied in the presence of membrane models in an attempt to correlate their activities with a distinct behavior at a level of peptide-lipid interactions. The influence of the peptides studied on the lipid acyl chain order was determined using FTIR spectroscopy. Conformational changes in the peptides upon binding to liposomes were examined using CD spectra. Attempts were also made to determine the binding parameters of the peptides to lipids using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). The results show unambiguously that the neurohyphophyseal hormone-like peptides interact with lipids, being a model of a eukaryotic cell membrane. Moreover, hydrophobic interactions between the peptides and liposomes are likely to determine the overall conformation of the peptide, especially below the temperature of the main phase transition (T(m)). Thus, the bulky and hydrophobic nature of the residues incorporated into the N-terminal part of neurohyphophyseal hormones is an important factor for both restriction of peptide mobility and the interaction of the analog with biomembrane. In turn, above T(m), the electrostatic interactions become also relevant for the conformation of the acyclic tail of the AVP-like peptides.
|
['Calorimetry, Differential Scanning', 'Cell Membrane', 'Cell Membrane Structures', 'Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions', 'Lipid Bilayers', 'Liposomes', 'Peptide Hormones', 'Pituitary Hormones, Posterior', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Conformation', 'Protein Structure, Secondary']
| 22,824,299
|
[['E05.196.131.310', 'E05.196.370.310'], ['A11.284.149'], ['A11.284.149.165'], ['G02.409'], ['D10.570.510', 'J01.637.087.500.510'], ['D25.479.517', 'D26.255.260.517', 'J01.637.051.479.517', 'J01.637.087.500.517'], ['D06.472.699', 'D12.644.548'], ['D06.472.699.631.692', 'D12.644.548.691.692'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Aurora A, MCAK, and Kif18b promote Eg5-independent spindle formation.
|
Inhibition of the microtubule (MT) motor protein Eg5 results in a mitotic arrest due to the formation of monopolar spindles, making Eg5 an attractive target for anti-cancer therapies. However, Eg5-independent pathways for bipolar spindle formation exist, which might promote resistance to treatment with Eg5 inhibitors. To identify essential components for Eg5-independent bipolar spindle formation, we performed a genome-wide siRNA screen in Eg5-independent cells (EICs). We find that the kinase Aurora A and two kinesins, MCAK and Kif18b, are essential for bipolar spindle assembly in EICs and in cells with reduced Eg5 activity. Aurora A promotes bipolar spindle assembly by phosphorylating Kif15, hereby promoting Kif15 localization to the spindle. In turn, MCAK and Kif18b promote bipolar spindle assembly by destabilizing the astral MTs. One attractive way to interpret our data is that, in the absence of MCAK and Kif18b, excessive astral MTs generate inward pushing forces on centrosomes at the cortex that inhibit centrosome separation. Together, these data suggest a novel function for astral MTs in force generation on spindle poles and how proteins involved in regulating microtubule length can contribute to bipolar spindle assembly.
|
['Aurora Kinase A', 'Genome-Wide Association Study', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Kinesin', 'Microtubules', 'Mitosis', 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'Spindle Apparatus']
| 27,354,041
|
[['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.103.500', 'D12.776.167.049.500'], ['E05.318.370.392', 'E05.318.416.249', 'E05.393.385.500', 'E05.393.522.500', 'E05.393.760.640.500', 'N06.850.520.445.392', 'N06.850.520.470.500'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.193.500', 'D12.776.220.600.450.450', 'D12.776.631.560.450'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750.602'], ['G04.144.220.220.781', 'G05.113.220.781'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750.820']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Recombinant PBP2a of methicillin-resistant S. aureus formulation in Alum and Montanide ISA266 adjuvants induced cellular and humoral immune responses with protection in Balb/C mice.
|
Staphylococcus aureus is an important cause of both hospital and community acquired infections worldwide. S.aureus can develop multidrug resistance; thus, immunotherapy can be a rational alternative. High level â-lactam resistance of S. aureus has been attributed to the penicillin binding protein 2a (PBP2a). In this study, we assessed the immunogenicity and protectivity of PBP2a formulated in Montanide ISA266 and Alum adjuvants. Recombinant PBP2a with a molecular weight of approximately 13 kDa was expressed and purified by nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid (NI-NTA) affinity chromatography and characterized by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. To investigate the immunogenicity and protective effects of recombinant protein, 20 ìg of r-PBP2a in various formulations were subcutaneously injected in different groups. Two booster vaccinations were carried out in two-week intervals and blood samples were collected two weeks after each injection. To determine the type of induced immune response, sera and splenocytes were analyzed by ELISA for total IgG and isotypes (IgG1 and IgG2a) and cytokine secretion (IFN-ã, IL-4, IL-17 and TNF-á), respectively. Three weeks following the last immunization, experimental mice were challenged with 5 ? 108 CFU of bacteria intraperitoneally and mortality rate and bacterial load were assessed. Interestingly, analysis of humoral immune responses revealed that administration of r-PBP2a with Montanide ISA266 significantly increased specific IgG responses and also IgG1 isotype compared to alum-adjuvanted vaccine group. Also, r-PBP2a formulation with alum and MontanideISA266 adjuvants raised IFN-ã, IL-4, IL-17 cytokines secretion, and protectivity following experimental challenge. The results of the present study provide evidences for immunogenicity and protectivity of PBP2a protein as a vaccine candidate.
|
['Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic', 'Alum Compounds', 'Animals', 'Antibodies, Bacterial', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Drug Compounding', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunity, Cellular', 'Immunity, Humoral', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Interleukin-17', 'Interleukin-4', 'Mannitol', 'Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Penicillin-Binding Proteins', 'Staphylococcal Infections']
| 31,874,228
|
[['D26.650.064', 'D27.720.744.064'], ['D01.056.025', 'D01.875.800.800.850.025'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.107', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.125'], ['D12.776.097'], ['E05.916.270'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.450.050.400'], ['G12.450.050.420'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.517', 'D12.776.467.374.465.517', 'D23.529.374.465.517'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.186', 'D12.776.467.374.465.178', 'D23.529.374.465.186'], ['D02.033.800.609', 'D09.853.609'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100.500', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100.500', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100.500', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['D08.811.710', 'D12.776.097.545'], ['C01.150.252.410.868']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Inducible nitric oxide synthase appears and is co-expressed with the neuronal isoform in interneurons of the rat hippocampus after transient ischemia induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion.
|
The hippocampus (dentate gyrus DG plus Cornu Ammonis, CA) is vulnerable to neuropathological events such as ischemia. The DG is a region where neurogenesis takes place and it has been demonstrated that ischemia stimulates neurogenesis. Nitric oxide (NO) plays a major role in ischemic damage evolution and increases in rat hippocampus after ischemia. No information is available on the presence of nNOS-immunoreactive (IR) neurons in the hippocampus of ischemic animals; whereas, the presence of the iNOS protein has been reported in the DG after focal ischemia. We evaluated, immunohistochemically, the cell types expressing nNOS and iNOS in the rat hippocampus by 24 up to 144 h after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion to ascertain whether ischemia induces changes in nNOS or iNOS expression and whether a relationship exists between these changes and the animal survival. nNOS-IR interneurons were detected in control and ischemic rats; in the latter, their number was significantly decreased at all time points. iNOS-IR interneurons appeared in the hippocampus of ischemic rats at 24 h; their number was significantly higher in the animals with longer survival and did not change at later time points. More than 50% of the nNOS-IR interneurons co-expressed iNOS-IR. All these changes were seen both in the ipsilateral and contralateral hippocampus. In conclusion, the focal ischemia affects the hippocampus which responds bilaterally to the injury. We hypothesize that the decrease in the nNOS-IR neurons is likely due to either a neuronal loss or a switching towards the iNOS production which, by inducing neurogenesis, might compensate the neuronal loss.
|
['Animals', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Hippocampus', 'Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery', 'Interneurons', 'Ischemic Attack, Transient', 'Male', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar']
| 18,436,211
|
[['B01.050'], ['G05.308.320'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['C10.228.140.300.150.477.200.450', 'C10.228.140.300.510.200.387', 'C10.228.140.300.775.200.200.450', 'C14.907.253.092.477.200.450', 'C14.907.253.560.200.387', 'C14.907.253.855.200.200.450', 'C23.550.513.355.250.200.450', 'C23.550.717.489.250.200.450'], ['A08.675.358', 'A11.671.358'], ['C10.228.140.300.150.836', 'C14.907.253.092.836'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772.249'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772.500', 'D12.776.157.687.575', 'D12.776.660.720.575'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Behavioural and social characteristics of subjects with repeated sexually transmitted diseases.
|
A case-control study was performed in order to assess risk factors for repeated sexually transmitted diseases. The study comprised 101 patients who had had sexually transmitted diseases 3 or more times during their lives and 182 controls who had no history of sexually transmitted disease. The subjects all attended the City Department for Skin and Venereal Diseases in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, from June 1997 to April 1998. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, sexually transmitted diseases repeaters, in comparison with the controls, were older, more frequently divorced and widowed and without a regular partner, had more sexual partners and more sexual intercourse, and had more frequent sexual contact with people on the same day as meeting them. They also consumed alcohol, used sedatives and were prosecuted for criminal offences more frequently than the controls. The results of this study support the hypothesis that sexually transmitted diseases repeaters are different from their controls in terms of their behavioural and social characteristics.
|
['Adult', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Recurrence', 'Risk Factors', 'Sexually Transmitted Diseases', 'Social Behavior']
| 10,721,833
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C01.221.812', 'C01.778', 'C12.294.668', 'C13.351.500.711', 'C23.550.291.531.937'], ['F01.145.813']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cytoplasmic and nuclear input virus RNPs in influenza virus-infected cells.
|
Chicken fibroblasts and MDCK cells were infected with influenza virus labelled with either 3H-uridine or 14C-amino acids, and the location in infected cells and properties of input virus-labelled structures were studied. Input virus RNA and protein were found in the cytoplasm of nuclei 1 h p.i. A part of the intranuclear parental structures was associated with chromatin while the other part could be extracted from nucleoplasm by 0.16 M-NaCl and represented free ribonucleoprotein (RNP) particles. These RNPs sedimented in glycerol velocity gradients at 40 to 70S, very similar to cytoplasmic RNPs, but differed distinctly from them in buoyant density. The bulk of cytoplasmic RNPs after fixation with formaldehyde banded in CsCl at 1.34 g/ml while nucleoplasmic RNPs banded at 1.39 or 1.41 g/ml. RNPs isolated from virions and infected cells contained the NP polypeptide which was revealed by SDS-PAGE analysis as a double band. The ratio of the two bands varied in cytoplasmic and nucleoplasmic RNPs, the lower band being dominant in cytoplasmic but not in nucleoplasmic RNPs. In addition, cytoplasmic RNPs were phosphorylated. The possible significance of intracellular RNP modifications for virus replication is discussed.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Chick Embryo', 'Cytoplasm', 'Dogs', 'Fibroblasts', 'Influenza A virus', 'Kidney', 'Nucleoproteins', 'Peptides', 'Ribonucleoproteins', 'Viral Proteins', 'Virus Replication']
| 541,671
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sickle Cell Trait, Rhabdomyolysis, and Mortality among U.S. Army Soldiers.
|
BACKGROUND: Studies have suggested that sickle cell trait elevates the risks of exertional rhabdomyolysis and death. We conducted a study of sickle cell trait in relation to these outcomes, controlling for known risk factors for exertional rhabdomyolysis, in a large population of active persons who had undergone laboratory tests for hemoglobin AS (HbAS) and who were subject to exertional-injury precautions.METHODS: We used Cox proportional-hazards models to test whether the risks of exertional rhabdomyolysis and death varied according to sickle cell trait status among 47,944 black soldiers who had undergone testing for HbAS and who were on active duty in the U.S. Army between January 2011 and December 2014. We used the Stanford Military Data Repository, which contains comprehensive medical and administrative data on all active-duty soldiers.RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the risk of death among soldiers with sickle cell trait, as compared with those without the trait (hazard ratio, 0.99; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.46 to 2.13; P=0.97), but the trait was associated with a significantly higher adjusted risk of exertional rhabdomyolysis (hazard ratio, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.12 to 2.12; P=0.008). This effect was similar in magnitude to that associated with tobacco use, as compared with no use (hazard ratio, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.23 to 1.94; P<0.001), and to that associated with having a body-mass index (BMI; the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters) of 30.0 or more, as compared with a BMI of less than 25.0 (hazard ratio, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.86; P=0.03). The effect was less than that associated with recent use of a statin, as compared with no use (hazard ratio, 2.89; 95% CI, 1.51 to 5.55; P=0.001), or an antipsychotic agent (hazard ratio, 3.02; 95% CI, 1.34 to 6.82; P=0.008).CONCLUSIONS: Sickle cell trait was not associated with a higher risk of death than absence of the trait, but it was associated with a significantly higher risk of exertional rhabdomyolysis. (Funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences.).
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'African Americans', 'Hemoglobin, Sickle', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Military Personnel', 'Physical Exertion', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Rhabdomyolysis', 'Risk Assessment', 'Sickle Cell Trait', 'Tobacco Use', 'United States', 'Young Adult']
| 27,518,662
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.686.508.100.100', 'M01.686.754.100'], ['D12.776.124.400.463.588', 'D12.776.422.316.762.426.588'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.526.625'], ['G11.427.683'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C05.651.807'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['C15.378.071.141.150.150.670', 'C15.378.420.155.668', 'C16.320.070.150.670', 'C16.320.365.155.668'], ['F01.145.958'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Diagnostic problems of purulent meningitis in children in general practice].
|
Previous investigations have demonstrated that considerable problems may exist in the diagnosis of purulent meningitis (PM) in general practice. Referrals from general practitioners/duty roster doctors concerning 97 children discharged the diagnosis of PM were reviewed retrospectively. The patients were subdivided into two groups according to whether the diagnosis was established by the referring doctor or not. Only 35% of the children under one year were admitted for suspected PM, whereas 65% of the children between one year and 15 year were hospitalized with the correct diagnosis. The commonest positive findings in both age groups were alterations in consciousness which were found in more than 80% of the children. Children in whom the diagnosis was not established by the referring doctor had fewer classical signs of meningitis (neck-stiffness, Kernig's sign, bulging fontanelle and petecchia) than children in whom the diagnosis was established. Children with negative cultures from the cerebro-spinal fluid were significantly more frequently treated with antibiotics prior to hospitalization. Approximately half of the children admitted with suspected meningitis were not treated according the guidelines issued by the Danish Board of Health, without this having any effect on the survival rate.
|
['Adolescent', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Denmark', 'Family Practice', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Meningitis', 'Referral and Consultation', 'Suppuration']
| 2,008,759
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['Z01.542.816.124'], ['H02.403.340.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C10.228.614'], ['N04.452.758.849'], ['C01.830', 'C23.550.470.756']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
MicroRNA-106b overexpression alleviates inflammation injury of cardiac endothelial cells by targeting BLNK via the NF-êB signaling pathway.
|
We aim to investigate whether microRNA-106b (miR-106b) affects the inflammation injury of cardiac endothelial cells (ECs) by targeting B-cell linker (BLNK) via the NF-êB signaling pathway. Human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (HCMECs) were assigned into the control, hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R), negative control (NC), pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), miR-106b mimic, miR-106b inhibitor, and si-BLNK, and miR-106b inhibitor+si-BLNK groups. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting were conducted for miR-106b expression and expressions of BLNK, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1â, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-á, NF-êB, pIêBá, BTK, and PLC-ã2. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was applied for levels of IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-á; cell counting Kit-8 assay for cell proliferation; and flow cytometry for cell cycle and ensuing apoptosis. In-vitro tube formation assay was performed for tube formation ability. Dual-luciferase reporter assay revealed that BLNK was verified as the target gene of miR-106b. Compared with the H/R and NC groups, the PDTC, miR-106b mimic, and si-BLNK groups had declined expressions of IL-6, IL-1â, TNF-á, BTK, PLC-ã2, NF-êB p105/p50, and pIêBá as well as levels of L-6 and TNF-á, but contrarily elevated levels of NF-êB p105/p50 and IL-10. The PDTC, miR-106b mimic, and si-BLNK groups had less cell number in G0 /G1 phase but higher cell count in both S and G2 phases, decreased cell apoptosis but increased proliferation and tube formation ability, while opposite trends were observed in the miR-106b inhibitor group. Our findings indicated that the overexpression of miR-106b alleviated the inflammation injury of cardiac ECs by targeting BLNK via the NF-êB signaling pathway.
|
['Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing', 'Apoptosis', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Computational Biology', 'Endothelial Cells', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Humans', 'Inflammation', 'MicroRNAs', 'NF-kappa B', 'Signal Transduction']
| 29,144,032
|
[['D12.644.360.024', 'D12.776.157.057', 'D12.776.476.024'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A11.251'], ['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['A11.436.275'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.470'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Clinical trial with an experimental taurine derivative, taltrimide, in epileptic patients.
|
The antiepileptic effect, effects on EEG, and tolerability of taltrimide, a new taurine derivative, were studied in this open clinical trial in 27 patients with severe epilepsy resistant to conventional drugs. After the 2-week control phase, taltrimide was given in gradually increasing doses up to 4.0 g/day--this dose used for 12 days. Taltrimide was given over 4 weeks and it was gradually withdrawn over 2 weeks. The frequency of seizures increased statistically significantly during the trial with increasing dose of taltrimide and decreased again in the withdrawal phase of the trial. Of six dropouts, one had status epilepticus, and in two patients increased number or severity of seizures necessitated withdrawal of taltrimide. There were no changes in EEG recordings or in laboratory data for safety evaluation. Taltrimide penetrated well through the blood-brain barrier, with the concentration of its main metabolite, phthalimidoethanesulphonamide, in cerebrospinal fluid, about half that in serum. The concentration of phenytoin increased statistically significantly, and there was a significant decrease in serum carbamazepine concentration during the taltrimide treatment. The anticonvulsive effect of taltrimide observed in animal experiments could not be confirmed in this study; in contrast, the seizures increased statistically significantly during taltrimide treatment. The reason for this remains obscure. The doses used, the significant drug interactions, or the patient material seemingly do not explain totally the noticed increase in seizure frequency. One explanation may be that taltrimide has proconvulsive properties in humans.
|
['Adult', 'Carbamazepine', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Clonazepam', 'Electroencephalography', 'Epilepsy', 'Humans', 'Indoles', 'Phenobarbital', 'Phenytoin', 'Phthalimides', 'Valproic Acid']
| 3,081,338
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D03.633.300.240.127'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['D03.633.100.079.080.070.150'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['C10.228.140.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['D03.383.742.698.253.650'], ['D03.383.129.308.432.555.730'], ['D02.241.223.805.810', 'D02.478.600', 'D03.633.100.513.750'], ['D02.241.081.944.509.900', 'D10.251.400.895.593.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Frequency and clinical characteristics of chronic daily headache in an outpatient clinic setting.
|
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Chronic daily headache (CDH) is not a diagnosis but a category that includes many disorders representing primary and secondary headaches. According to the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd edition (ICHD-II), CDH is defined as headache which occurs more often than 15 days per month for at least 3 months.MATERIAL AND METHODS: We assessed 1154 headache sufferers diagnosed in our headache outpatient clinic. Clinical history, physical and neurological examination, and laboratory tests were performed to make a diagnosis.RESULTS: CDH was diagnosed according to ICHD-II in 185 (16%) patients; their mean age was 41±17 years (80% were women). Chronic migraine was a cause of CDH in 49% (91/185) of patients, chronic tension-type headache in 18% (33/185), secondary headache in 25% (46/185) and unclassified pain in 8%. Medication overuse headache occurred in 15%. The most effective therapy in our patients was treatment with tricyclic antidepressants and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.CONCLUSIONS: The most frequent cause of CDH in our cohort was chronic migraine. Women suffered more frequently than men. Antidepressants were the most effective preventive medications for all types of CDH, which may suggest that serotoninergic mechanisms can be an important factor in the pathophysiology of chronic pain syndromes.
|
['Adult', 'Analgesics', 'Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic', 'Female', 'Headache Disorders', 'Headache Disorders, Secondary', 'Health Status', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Migraine Disorders', 'Poland', 'Prevalence', 'Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Sex Distribution', 'Tension-Type Headache', "Women's Health", 'Young Adult']
| 21,384,288
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014', 'D27.505.954.427.040'], ['D27.505.954.427.700.122.055'], ['C10.228.140.546'], ['C10.228.140.546.699'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.228.140.546.399.750'], ['Z01.542.248.679'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['D27.505.519.562.437.850', 'D27.505.519.625.600.850', 'D27.505.519.625.850.900', 'D27.505.696.577.600.850', 'D27.505.696.577.850.900'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['C10.228.140.546.399.875'], ['N01.400.900'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Electron-microscopic study of sclerodermatous chronic graft-versus-host disease.
|
BACKGROUND: Sclerodermatous chronic graft-versus-host disease (SC-GVHD) resembles systemic scleroderma (SSD) closely, both clinically and histologically. Our purpose was to try to define the morphologic differences of collagen fibers between SC-GVHD and SSD.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using electron microscopy, we compared the morphology of collagen fibers in a 15-year old girl with SC-GVHD with those of three patients with SSD.RESULTS: In SC-GVHD, sclerosis is located in the superficial dermis and collagen fibers of irregular diameter are seen in the subepidermal area. In SSD, sclerosis is seen in the lower dermis and subcutaneous fatty tissue, and collagen fibers of irregular diameter are located in the deep dermis. Some of the collagen fibers were degenerative in the superficial dermis in SC-GVHD. We observed low-density, round structures in cross sections of collagen fibers.CONCLUSIONS: The difference in initial location and morphologic appearance of collagen fibers may indicate a different pathogenesis in SC-GVHD compared to SSD.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Chronic Disease', 'Collagen', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Graft vs Host Disease', 'Humans', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Middle Aged', 'Scleroderma, Systemic', 'Skin']
| 8,970,842
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['E01.171'], ['C20.452'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C17.300.799', 'C17.800.784'], ['A17.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Stimuli-Responsive Pure Protein Organogel Sensors and Biocatalytic Materials.
|
Utilizing protein chemistry in organic solvents has important biotechnology applications. Typically, organic solvents negatively impact protein structure and function. Immobilizing proteins via cross-links to a support matrix or to other proteins is a common strategy to preserve the native protein function. Recently, we developed methods to fabricate macroscopic responsive pure protein hydrogels by lightly cross-linking the proteins with glutaraldehyde for chemical sensing and enzymatic catalysis applications. The water in the resulting protein hydrogel can be exchanged for organic solvents. The resulting organogel contains pure organic solvents as their mobile phases. The organogel proteins retain much of their native protein function, i.e., protein-ligand binding and enzymatic activity. A stepwise ethylene glycol (EG) solvent exchange was performed to transform these hydrogels into organogels with a very low vapor pressure mobile phase. These responsive organogels are not limited by solvent/mobile phase evaporation. The solvent exchange to pure EG is accompanied by a volume phase transition (VPT) that decreases the organogel volume compared to that of the hydrogel. Our organogel sensor systems utilize shifts in the particle spacing of an attached two-dimensional photonic crystal (2DPC) to report on the volume changes induced by protein-ligand binding. Our 2DPC bovine serum albumin (BSA) organogels exhibit VPT that swell the organogels in response to the BSA binding of charged ligands like ibuprofen and fatty acids. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a pure protein organogel VPT induced by protein-ligand binding. Catalytic protein organogels were also fabricated that utilize the enzyme organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) to hydrolyze toxic organophosphate (OP) nerve agents. Our OPH organogels retain significant enzymatic activity. The OPH organogel rate of OP hydrolysis is ?160 times higher than that of un-cross-linked OPH monomers in a 1:1 ethylene glycol/water mixture.
|
['Biocatalysis', 'Ethylene Glycol', 'Serum Albumin, Bovine']
| 31,820,639
|
[['G02.111.086', 'G02.130.500', 'G03.105'], ['D02.033.455.250.268'], ['D12.776.034.841.540', 'D12.776.124.727.875']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Activity of pentamidine-loaded poly (D,L-lactide) nanoparticles against Leishmania infantum in a murine model.
|
The activity of pentamidine-loaded poly(D,L-lactide) nanoparticles was compared, by determination of median effective doses (ED50), to that of free pentamidine in a murine model of visceral leishmaniasis induced by Leishmania infantum. BALB/c mice were infected intravenously on day O with promastigotes and then treated on days 14, 16, and 18. Groups of 5 mice received either 0.57, 1.14 and 2.28 mg/kg of free pentamidine (expressed in pentamidine base) or 0.055, 0.11, 0.22 and 0.44 mg/kg of pentamidine-loaded nanoparticles. In the control group, 12 mice received normal saline. The liver parasite burden was evaluated using the Stauber method 72 h after the last injection and drug levels in livers and spleens were determined. Bound pentamidine was 3.3 times more active than free drug (ED50 value = 0.32 mg/kg versus 1.05 mg/kg for free drug). Drug levels showed a weak accumulation in hepatic and splenic tissues following bound pentamidine administration. A lack of acute toxicity was noted in all groups treated by bound pentamidine. Results obtained with this biodegradable carrier may be of particular interest as no new major antileishmanial compound is today available.
|
['Animals', 'Antiprotozoal Agents', 'Delayed-Action Preparations', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Leishmania infantum', 'Leishmaniasis, Visceral', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Pentamidine', 'Polyesters']
| 9,587,601
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.250.100'], ['D26.255.210', 'E02.319.300.253'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.268.475.868.488.325'], ['C01.610.752.300.500.510', 'C01.920.813.510'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['D02.078.100.700'], ['D05.750.728', 'D25.720.728', 'J01.637.051.720.728']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Age related changes in the glycosidases of chick embryo eye tissues].
|
Studies have been made on the activity of glycosidases from eye tissues of developing chick embryos and adult hens. The enzymes of carbohydrates metabolism (hyaluronidase, beta-glycosidase and beta-galactosidase) from the sclera, cornea and ciliary body were examined. It was demonstrated that the distribution of glycosidases in different tissues of the eye is not identical. The activity of beta-glycosidase and beta-galactosidase in all the tissues of 14-day embryos is higher than in adult hens; sharp reduction of the activity was observed at the stage of eye opening. The activity of hyaluronidase in the sclera and cornea of chick embryos is maintained at a low level up to the stage of eye opening, being subjected to minor changes.
|
['Aging', 'Animals', 'Chick Embryo', 'Chickens', 'Eye', 'Galactosidases', 'Glucosidases', 'Glycoside Hydrolases', 'Hyaluronoglucosaminidase']
| 941,574
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['A01.456.505.420', 'A09.371'], ['D08.811.277.450.410'], ['D08.811.277.450.420'], ['D08.811.277.450'], ['D08.811.277.450.529', 'D08.811.520.241.700.675']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Negative cross-reactivity of rabbit anti-Malassezia furfur antibodies with other yeasts.
|
Anti-Malassezia furfur monospecific polyclonal antibodies was produced by repeated immunization of rabbit with Malassezia furfur yeast cells mixed with Freud adjuvant. The antibody titres of respective rabbit's serum samples prior to and after each immunization against M. furfur were assayed by indirect immunofluorescence technique using the M. furfur whole yeast antigen fixed in Teflon coated slides. The highest anti-M. furfur antibody titre achieved was 1 in 1280 dilution. At 1:20 dilution, none of the respective serum samples taken at various stages of immunization gave positive immunofluorescent staining against any of the other species of yeasts tested in this study. Anti-M. furfur monospecific polyclonal antibodies produced in rabbit in this study has the potential for diagnostic application in immunohistochemical detection of M. furfur in human tissues.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Fungal', 'Cross Reactions', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Humans', 'Malassezia', 'Rabbits', 'Tinea Versicolor', 'Yeasts']
| 17,191,397
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.179', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.179', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.179'], ['G12.122.281'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.300.179.111', 'B01.300.381.522', 'B01.300.930.574'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['C01.150.703.302.860', 'C01.800.200.860', 'C17.800.838.208.941'], ['B01.300.930']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Half-molar sodium-lactate: The osmotic agent we are looking for?].
|
Intracranial hypertension (ICH) is the most important modifiable factor with predictive negative value in brain injury patients. Osmotherapy is the most important first level specific measure in the treatment of ICH. Mannitol 20%, and 3, 7.5, 10, and 23% hypertonic sodium chloride are the most commonly used osmotic agents in the neurocritical care setting. Currently, controversy about the best osmotic agent remains elusive. Therefore, over the past few years, half-molar sodium lactate has been introduced as a new osmotic agent to be administered in the critically ill. Lactate is able to prevent hyperchloremia, as well as its adverse effects such as hyperchloremic acidosis, systemic inflammation, and acute kidney injury. Furthermore, lactate may also be used by glia as energy substrate in brain injury patients. Half-molar sodium lactate would also have a more potent and long-lasting effect decreasing intracellular osmolarity and by inhibiting neuronal volume control mechanisms. Pioneering researches in patients with traumatic brain injury have shown a more significant effect than mannitol on the control of ICH. In addition, in this group of patients this solution appears to be beneficial in preventing episodes of ICH. However, future research is necessary to corroborate or not these promising results.
|
['Brain Injuries', 'Humans', 'Intracranial Hypertension', 'Mannitol', 'Sodium', 'Sodium Lactate']
| 26,655,973
|
[['C10.228.140.199', 'C10.900.300.087', 'C26.915.300.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.631'], ['D02.033.800.609', 'D09.853.609'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['D02.241.511.459.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
First detection of porcine circovirus type 3 on commercial pig farms in Poland.
|
Porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) is a novel circovirus species recently discovered in USA and China in cases of porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome, reproductive failure, respiratory disease and multisystemic inflammation. This study reports on the first identification of PCV3 in Europe, in serum from pigs from Polish farms. A total of 1,050 serum samples were collected between 2014 and 2017 from sows and 3-20 weeks old pigs from 14 commercial farms representing different regions of Poland, different size and health status. The samples were pooled by 4-6 and tested with real-time PCR for PCV3. PCV3 DNA was detected in 12 of 14 farms (85.7%). On the PCV3-positive farms, the virus was detected in 5.9% to 65% serum pools. PCV3 was most common among weaned pigs and finishers (26.1% and 28.0% of serum pools, respectively). Sequence analysis of 359 nucleotide fragment of ORF2 showed highest identity of 99.7% to PCV3-US/SD2016 from USA. Our results indicate that PCV3 is a common virus among Polish pigs but no links to unexplained disease conditions were established.
|
['Animals', 'Circoviridae Infections', 'Circovirus', 'Farms', 'Poland', 'Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Swine', 'Swine Diseases']
| 28,649,803
|
[['B01.050'], ['C01.925.256.200'], ['B04.280.120.150'], ['J01.040.372', 'J03.540.150'], ['Z01.542.248.679'], ['E05.393.620.500.706'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['C22.905']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
An amelogenin mutation leads to disruption of the odontogenic apparatus and aberrant expression of Notch1.
|
BACKGROUND: Amelogenins are highly conserved proteins secreted by ameloblasts in the dental organ of developing teeth. These proteins regulate dental enamel thickness and structure in humans and mice. Mice that express an amelogenin transgene with a P70T mutation (TgP70T) develop abnormal epithelial proliferation in an amelogenin null (KO) background. Some of these cellular masses have the appearance of proliferating stratum intermedium, which is the layer adjacent to the ameloblasts in unerupted teeth. As Notch proteins are thought to constitute the developmental switch that separates ameloblasts from stratum intermedium, these signaling proteins were evaluated in normal and proliferating tissues.METHODS: Mandibles were dissected for histology and immunohistochemistry using Notch1 antibodies. Molar teeth were dissected for western blotting and RT-PCR for evaluation of Notch levels through imaging and statistical analyses.RESULTS: Notch1 was immunolocalized to ameloblasts of TgP70TKO mice, KO ameloblasts stained, but less strongly, and wild-type teeth had minimal staining. Cells within the proliferating epithelial cell masses were positive for Notch1 and had an appearance reminiscent of calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor with amyloid-like deposits. Notch1 protein and mRNA were elevated in molar teeth from TgP70TKO mice.CONCLUSION: Expression of TgP70T leads to abnormal structures in mandibles and maxillae of mice with the KO genetic background and these mice have elevated levels of Notch 1 in developing molars. As cells within the masses also express transgenic amelogenins, development of the abnormal proliferations suggests communication between amelogenin producing cells and the proliferating cells, dependent on the presence of the mutated amelogenin protein.
|
['Ameloblasts', 'Amelogenesis', 'Amelogenin', 'Animals', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Dental Enamel', 'Enamel Organ', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Exons', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Genotype', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Molar', 'Point Mutation', 'Proline', 'Receptor, Notch1', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Threonine', 'Tooth Eruption', 'Tooth Germ', 'Tooth, Unerupted', 'Transgenes']
| 20,923,441
|
[['A11.436.107'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.750.190'], ['D12.776.231.500'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A14.549.167.900.255'], ['A14.549.167.900.720.265'], ['A11.436'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['G05.308.310'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['A14.549.167.860.525'], ['G05.365.590.675'], ['D12.125.072.401.623'], ['D12.776.543.750.725.500', 'D12.776.930.770.500'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['D12.125.142.815', 'D12.125.154.900'], ['G10.549.810'], ['A14.549.167.900.720'], ['A14.549.167.860.715', 'C07.793.915'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.825']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
AMOTL2 interaction with TAZ causes the inhibition of surfactant proteins expression in lung cells.
|
BACKGROUND: TAZ (Transcriptional co-Activator with PDZ-binding motif), is a biologically potent transcriptional coactivator and functions by binding to the PPXY motif present in several transcription factors. Notably, TAZ behaves as a transducer linking cytoplasmic signaling events to transcriptional regulation in the nucleus. Several different factors regulate TAZ expression and/or function. In particular, a major regulation of TAZ activity occurs through the Hippo pathway by a phosphorylation-mediated mechanism that causes its cytoplasmic sequestration or degradation.RESULTS: Here we demonstrate that AMOTL2 robustly co-immunoprecipitates with TAZ, and their interaction is dependent on the WW domain of TAZ and the PPXY motif in the N-terminus of AMOTL2. Furthermore, we show that AMOTL2 colocalizes with TAZ in the cytoplasm of H441 human lung cells and regulates TAZ cytoplasm-to-nucleus translocation through direct protein-protein interaction. Interestingly, the overexpression of AMOTL2 inhibits the functional cooperation between the transcription factor TTF-1 and TAZ on the Surfactant C gene promoter, as well as the expression of other known target genes of these regulatory factors.CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our results suggest an inhibitory role of AMOTL2 on TAZ ability to co-activate transcription and describe a different mechanism, Hippo pathway-independent, that modulates the activity of TAZ in lung cells through the interaction with Angiomotin-like 2 (AMOTL2).
|
['Active Transport, Cell Nucleus', 'Amino Acid Motifs', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Cytoplasm', 'Humans', 'Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Lung', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs', 'Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein C', 'Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1', 'Trans-Activators', 'Transcription Factors', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 23,911,299
|
[['G03.143.310.100', 'G03.143.700.100'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500', 'G02.111.570.820.709.600.500'], ['D12.776.157'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['A11.284.430.214'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.360', 'D12.776.476'], ['A04.411'], ['D12.776.660'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.500'], ['D12.776.543.717', 'D12.776.816.750', 'D12.776.823.186'], ['D12.776.260.400.871', 'D12.776.660.823', 'D12.776.930.888'], ['D12.776.260.755', 'D12.776.930.900', 'D12.776.964.925.984'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Adolescent occupational injuries and workplace risks: an analysis of Oregon workers' compensation data 1990-1997.
|
PURPOSE: Injuries to adolescents from occupational activities has been recognized as a significant public health concern. The objective of this study was to quantify adolescent injury rates, analyze risk factors, and measure the severity of injuries sustained using Oregon workers' compensation data.METHODS: From 1990-1997, a total of 8060 workers' compensation claims, submitted by claimants 16-19 years old, were accepted by Oregon and used in these analyses. Data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics were used to derive injury rates.RESULTS: An overall estimated claim rate of 134.2 (95% confidence interval [CI] 124.9-143.6) per 10,000 adolescent workers was found, with males having over twice the rate of females. The total average annual claim cost was $3,168,457, representing $3145 per claim. The average total temporary disability period per claim was 22.3 days. Precision production workers had the highest claim rate of 296.2 (95% CI 178.9-413.4) and highest associated costs ($8266) for all occupations, whereas those in the farming/fishing/forestry occupation had the longest average periods of indemnification with 31.6 days. Day shift workers had the highest claim rates and most severe injuries relative to other shifts.CONCLUSION: The injury rates found among adolescent workers demonstrates that continued safety interventions and increased training are needed. Because of high claim rate and injury severity, particular attention should be focused on adolescents in food service, manufacturing, and agricultural occupations. Understanding the differences of adolescent circadian rhythm patterns in establishing work schedules and supervisory practices could also prove valuable for decreasing injury risk.
|
['Accidents, Occupational', 'Adolescent', 'Adolescent Development', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Employment', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Insurance Claim Review', 'Male', 'Occupations', 'Oregon', 'Risk Factors', 'Sex Factors', 'Work Schedule Tolerance', "Workers' Compensation", 'Wounds and Injuries']
| 17,707,294
|
[['N06.850.135.240'], ['M01.060.057'], ['F01.525.049', 'G07.345.374.500'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['N01.824.245'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.219.521.576.215'], ['N01.824.547'], ['Z01.107.567.875.560.550', 'Z01.107.567.875.580.550'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['I03.946.225.375', 'N04.452.677.650.375'], ['N03.219.521.346.866', 'N03.219.521.576.300.900'], ['C26']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Distribution and health risk assessment to heavy metals near smelting and mining areas of Hezhang, China.
|
Mining and smelting areas in Hezhang have generated a large amount of heavy metals into the environment. For that cause, an evaluative study on human exposure to heavy metals including Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cr, As, Cd, Pb, Sb, Bi, Be, and Hg in hair and urine was conducted for their concentrations and correlations. Daily exposure and non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk were estimated. Sixty-eight scalp hair and 66 urine samples were taken from participants of different ages (6-17, 18-40, 41-60, and ? 65 years) living in the vicinity of an agricultural soil near mine and smelting areas. The results compared to the earlier studies showed an elevated concentration of Pb, Be, Bi, Co, Cr, Ni, Sb, and Zn in hair and urine. These heavy metals were more elevated in mining than in smelting. Considering gender differences, females were likely to be more affected than male. By investigating age differences in this area, high heavy metal concentrations in male's hair and urine existed in age of 18-40 and ? 66, respectively. However, females did not present homogeneous age distribution. Hair and urine showed a different distribution of heavy metals in different age and gender. In some cases, significant correlation was found between heavy metals in hair and urine (P > 0.05 and P > 0.01) in mining area. The estimated average daily intake of heavy metals in vegetables showed a great contribution compared to the soil and water. Non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk values of total pathways in mining and smelting areas were higher than 1 and exceeded the acceptable levels. Thus, the obtained data might be useful for further studies. They can serve as a basis of comparison and assessing the effect of simultaneous exposure from heavy metals in mining and smelting areas, and potential health risks from exposure to heavy metals in vegetables need more consideration.
|
['Agriculture', 'China', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Female', 'Food Contamination', 'Hair', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mercury', 'Metals, Heavy', 'Mining', 'Risk Assessment', 'Soil', 'Soil Pollutants', 'Vegetables']
| 28,823,066
|
[['J01.040'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['J01.576.423.850.730.500.249', 'N06.850.460.400', 'N06.850.601.500.249'], ['A17.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.556.504', 'D01.268.956.437', 'D01.552.544.504'], ['D01.268.556', 'D01.552.544'], ['J01.576.655.875.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['D27.888.284.756'], ['B01.650.160.956', 'B01.650.510.956', 'G07.203.300.850', 'J02.500.850']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Gradual delay in glucose-induced first phase insulin secretion by the pancreatic islets of 7 week-, 6 month-, and 1 year-old rats.
|
The temporal profiles of insulin secretion by isolated pancreatic islets of male Wistar rats with various ages up to 1-year-old were studied using high glucose, potassium (K+) depolarization, and arginine as secretagogues. In the islets of 6-month-old rats, the onset and peak of glucose-induced first phase of insulin release were delayed for 1 min compared to those of 7--week-old rats. The onset and peak were further delayed for 1 min in the islets of 1-year-old rats. The onset of glucose-induced second phase of insulin secretion, and the onset and peak of K+ depolarization- and arginine-induced insulin release were not delayed in the islets of 6-month and 1-year-old rats. Glucose-stimulated increase in cytosolic free calcium ([Ca2+]i) seemed not delayed in the islets of 1-year-old rats. We conclude that the first phase of glucose-induced insulin release by the islets is selectively delayed as rat ages. It was suggested that the defect lies distal to the elevation of [Ca2+]i.
|
['Aging', 'Animals', 'Arginine', 'Calcium', 'Culture Techniques', 'Cytosol', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Glucose', 'Insulin', 'Insulin Secretion', 'Islets of Langerhans', 'Male', 'Potassium', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Time Factors']
| 1,997,565
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.125.068.050', 'D12.125.095.104', 'D12.125.142.087'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['E05.481.500'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['G03.442', 'G07.475'], ['A03.734.414', 'A06.300.414'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Gene deletion explains both in vivo and in vitro generated chromosome 2 aberrations associated with murine myeloid leukemia.
|
Ninety-five percent of radiation-induced murine myeloid leukemias contain chromosome 2 aberrations. A dominant molecular defect has not yet been identified: both deletions and breakpoint-specific events have been postulated. We have generated a model in which chromosome 2 lesions have been generated in vitro in a clonal tumor cell line. In this study cytogenetic and molecular comparisons are made between two of these in vitro generated lesions and eight derived in vivo: seven by the conventional radiation protocol, and one by infection with Moloney leukemia virus. All 10 lines consistently exhibited hemizygous loss of an 18 cM region between Hoxd-4 and II-1 alpha, with variable breakpoints at both ends. These results are consistent with deletion of a gene in common rather than breakpoint-specific events, for lesions resulting from all three protocols. This will allow a novel approach to the identification of a putative tumor suppressor gene, ie to describe the biological effect of the in vitro generated deletion, and to clone the gene by complementation. In preparation for this approach, we have further narrowed the region to approximately 6.5 cM by microsatellite mapping of 22 radiation-induced F1 tumors. In addition, we have eliminated the possibility that imprinting ablates expression from the remaining undeleted chromosome.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Chromosome Aberrations', 'Gene Deletion', 'Humans', 'Karyotyping', 'Leukemia, Myeloid', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Spleen', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 8,609,710
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['C23.550.210', 'G05.365.590.175'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.385.315', 'E05.200.500.385.315', 'E05.242.385.315', 'E05.393.285.475'], ['C04.557.337.539'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Acute pancreatitis in marrow transplant patients: prevalence at autopsy and risk factor analysis.
|
Pancreatitis has been described as an infrequent complication of marrow transplantation. This study investigated the prevalence of pancreatitis at autopsy in marrow transplant patients and determined risk factors for its development. We reviewed consecutive autopsy reports from 1991 to 1993. Medical records and laboratory reports were reviewed for analysis of clinical variables. Autopsy findings and clinical variables were correlated with the autopsy diagnosis of pancreatitis. Pancreatitis was found in 51 of 184 (28%) patients at autopsy. Of those with pancreatitis, 35% had abdominal pain, 10% had measurements of serum pancreatic enzymes, and 20% had abdominal imaging studies in the week prior to death. By univariable analysis, risk factors associated with development of pancreatitis included clinical grades 3 and 4 GVHD, GVHD at autopsy, liver GVHD at autopsy, major infection at autopsy, and increasing days of survival. By multivariable analysis, independent risk factors for its development included any GVHD at autopsy, increasing length of survival after transplantation, and major infection at autopsy. We conclude that pancreatitis is a common but often subclinical complication of marrow transplantation. Its development may be associated with a high prevalence of biliary sludge and prolonged treatment of GVHD with cyclosporine and prednisone.
|
['Abdominal Pain', 'Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'Amylases', 'Bile', 'Biomarkers', 'Bone Marrow Transplantation', 'Cause of Death', 'Cohort Studies', 'Cyclosporine', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'Gallbladder', 'Graft vs Host Disease', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Male', 'Methotrexate', 'Neoplasms', 'Pancreatitis', 'Prednisone', 'Prevalence', 'Risk Factors', 'Transplantation Conditioning', 'Whole-Body Irradiation']
| 9,466,282
|
[['C23.888.592.612.054', 'C23.888.821.030'], ['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D08.811.277.450.066'], ['A12.200.087'], ['D23.101'], ['E02.095.147.725.040', 'E04.936.580.040'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.250', 'N01.224.935.698.100', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.250', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['D04.345.566.235.300', 'D12.644.641.235.300'], ['E02.319.310'], ['A03.159.439'], ['C20.452'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.192.500'], ['C04'], ['C06.689.750'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.719.702'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E02.095.465.425.450.800', 'E05.478.610.800'], ['E02.815.814', 'E05.980']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Alcohol and fatal injuries: temporal patterns.
|
Although alcohol use has been established as a risk factor for injuries associated with motor vehicle crashes, the role of alcohol for other unintentional and intentional injuries is less defined. A review of 102,401 deaths investigated by North Carolina medical examiners in the period 1973-1983 characterized the temporal patterns of ethyl alcohol in unintentional injury fatalities, suicides, homicides, and persons who died of natural or unknown causes. Victims of homicides (85.9%) and suicides (77.7%) were tested for alcohol more frequently than were fatalities resulting from unintentional injury (67.5%) or natural causes (61.6%). Alcohol was present in 62.8% of homicide victims, 48.6% of unintentional injury fatalities, 35.3% of suicides, and 14.4% of deaths from natural causes. The percentage of alcohol-associated deaths for each manner of death showed little yearly or seasonal variation. Alcohol was most frequently detected in persons fatally injured on the weekend and from 6 PM to 6 AM. This study highlights the magnitude of alcohol's role in intentional and unintentional injuries, especially for persons injured at night and on weekends.
|
['Accidents', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Cause of Death', 'Ethanol', 'Female', 'Homicide', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'North Carolina', 'Suicide', 'Time Factors', 'Wounds and Injuries']
| 2,789,850
|
[['N06.850.135'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.250', 'N01.224.935.698.100', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.250', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.250'], ['D02.033.375'], ['I01.198.240.470', 'I01.880.735.344'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.475', 'Z01.107.567.875.750.530'], ['F01.145.126.980.875', 'I01.880.735.856'], ['G01.910.857'], ['C26']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Treatment of acute myocardial infarction in Switzerland: is emergency PTCA more costly than thrombolysis?].
|
Confirming earlier studies with a lower number of patients, the Gusto IIb Angioplasty Substudy has shown that in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction emergency PTCA is superior to thrombolysis in reducing the combined clinical endpoints of death, reinfarction and cerebrovascular infarction. The aim of this study was to assess whether, in the Swiss study population of Gusto IIb, emergency PTCA was associated with higher procedural costs than thrombolysis over a median follow-up of 16 months. Therefore, we compared the costs of the initial and the follow-up hospitalisations. There were no differences in clinical characteristics in the Swiss subpopulation compared to the total study population. In a total of 46 patients, PTCA was performed in 22 and thrombolysis with rtPA in 24. During follow-up, 4 patients died, one in the PTCA group and 3 in the thrombolysis group (p = ns). The median total costs of the initial hospitalisation were somewhat higher in the PTCA group than in the group with thrombolysis. During follow-up only 38% of the patients in the PTCA group had to be rehospitalised, compared to 50% in the thrombolysis group. Median total costs within 16 months, therefore, were similar in the two therapeutic groups, but mean total costs per patient were somewhat lower for the PTCA versus the thrombolysis group (p = ns). Based on this comparison of Swiss procedural costs, emergency PTCA should not, in hospitals with the necessary infrastructure, be withheld in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction on the grounds of initially higher procedural costs, especially as the invasive strategy is associated with a more favourable long-term outcome.
|
['Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary', 'Costs and Cost Analysis', 'Fibrinolytic Agents', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Switzerland', 'Thrombolytic Therapy', 'Tissue Plasminogen Activator']
| 10,542,996
|
[['E02.148.050.060.100', 'E04.100.376.719.100', 'E04.100.814.529.124.060.100', 'E04.100.814.529.968.050', 'E04.502.382.124.060.100', 'E04.502.382.968.050', 'E04.928.220.520.100', 'E05.157.016.060.100'], ['N03.219.151'], ['D27.505.519.421.750', 'D27.505.954.411.320', 'D27.505.954.502.427'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['D12.776.828'], ['Z01.542.883'], ['E02.319.913'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.875', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.875', 'D12.776.124.125.662.768', 'D23.119.970']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) decreases tumor vascularization and reverses spontaneous tumors in ODC/Ras transgenic mice.
|
We have shown that ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) overexpression in the skin of TG.AC v-Ha-ras transgenic mice induces the formation of spontaneous skin carcinomas. Treatment of ODC/Ras double transgenic mice with alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), a specific inhibitor of ODC enzyme activity, causes a rapid regression of these spontaneous tumors. DFMO treatment led to dramatic decreases in ODC activity and putrescine levels, but v-Ha-ras expression was not affected in the regressed tumors. Moreover, cyclin D1 continued to be strongly expressed in the basal epithelial cells of regressed tumors, and there was no decrease in the proliferative index of these same tumor cells. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling analyses revealed increased DNA fragmentation in DFMO regressed tumors compared with similarly sized spontaneous tumors from ODC/Ras transgenic mice not treated with DFMO. Moreover, the blood vessel count was significantly decreased in regressed tumors within the first four days of DFMO treatment. The decreased vasculature in DFMO regressed tumors was not attributable to altered expression of murine vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) isoforms. Elevated levels of ODC activity in the skin of K6/ODC transgenic mice increased the dermal vascularization compared with that in nontransgenic normal littermates. Our results suggest that ODC stimulates an angiogenic factor(s) other than VEGF and/or may play a key role in a cell survival effector pathway of Ras that is independent of a Ras-induced proliferation pathway.
|
['Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Division', 'Crosses, Genetic', 'Eflornithine', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Female', 'Gene Expression', 'Genes, ras', 'In Situ Hybridization', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Neovascularization, Pathologic', 'Ornithine Decarboxylase', 'Ornithine Decarboxylase Inhibitors', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Skin Neoplasms', 'Transgenes']
| 11,059,762
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['G04.152'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['E05.393.281'], ['D12.125.068.665.340', 'D12.125.095.765.340'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['G05.297'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.500.791.550'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325', 'E05.393.661.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['C23.550.589.500'], ['D08.811.520.224.125.425'], ['D27.505.519.389.705'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.825']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Shigellosis due to occupational contact with non-human primates.
|
A small cluster of dysenteric illness, due to Shigella flexneri, was identified among technical assistants of a primate research unit. All of the affected individuals had been in regular contact with a colony of cynomolgus macaque monkeys, one of which was known to have suffered from acute haemorrhagic colitis in the preceding few weeks. Four monkeys were found to be excreting S. flexneri bacilli of identical antigen type (1b) to that isolated from the human cases. Investigation of working practices revealed the potential for inadvertent faeco-oral spread and the need to improve existing control methods. We conclude that this small outbreak of shigellosis represents a primate-associated occupational zoonosis. The risk may not be fully appreciated by handlers or their doctors.
|
['Animals', 'Dysentery, Bacillary', 'Feces', 'Humans', 'Macaca fascicularis', 'Monkey Diseases', 'Occupational Diseases', 'Shigella flexneri', 'United Kingdom', 'Zoonoses']
| 8,472,767
|
[['B01.050'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.229', 'C06.405.205.331.479', 'C06.405.469.300.479'], ['A12.459'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510.520'], ['C22.735.500'], ['C24'], ['B03.440.450.425.850.450', 'B03.660.250.150.730.210'], ['Z01.542.363'], ['C01.973', 'C22.969']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Molecular interaction of different chromium species with nucleotides and nucleic acids.
|
The interaction of chromium(III) and chromium(VI) with the phosphate groups of di- and triphosphate nucleotides were examined by 31P-NMR spectroscopy. Chemical shifts of the phosphate groups, indicating the formation of Cr-nucleotide complexes, could only be detected with Cr(III). When Cr(III) was generated from Cr(VI) by reduction with an excess of glutathione, nearly the same chemical shifts could be observed. This indicates that glutathione is not capable of trapping Cr(VI) by reduction with subsequent formation of stable Cr-GSH complexes, thus preventing the binding of chromium to important target molecules as DNA or nucleotides. Using radioactively-labelled chromium no 51Cr(VI) bound to any nucleic acid, whereas 51Cr(III) bound in increasing order to poly(A).poly(U), calf thymus DNA and poly(G).poly(C). Furthermore, the melting temperature of nucleic acids increased in the same order only in the presence of Cr(III). Possible genotoxic consequences in vivo of the presented data in vitro concerning the binding of Cr(III) to sensitive molecular targets are discussed in detail.
|
['Chromium', 'DNA', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Nucleotides', 'Phosphates', 'Poly A', 'Poly C', 'Poly G', 'Poly U']
| 2,702,714
|
[['D01.268.556.175', 'D01.268.956.124', 'D01.552.544.175'], ['D13.444.308'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['D09.408.620', 'D13.695'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374', 'D01.248.497.158.730', 'D01.695.625.675.650'], ['D13.695.578.550.500'], ['D13.695.578.550.560'], ['D13.695.578.550.600'], ['D13.695.578.550.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sequence comparison and predicted structure for the four exon-encoded regions of human insulin-like growth factor binding protein 4.
|
The IGFBPs bind to and modulate the function of the IGFs in various ways. Human IGFBP-4 inhibits IGF mediated cell proliferation. The IGFBP exon-encoded regions were aligned and secondary structure predictions for hIGFBP-4 were developed yielding predicted 3D co-ordinates for each such region of hIGFBP-4. The exon 1 encoded region is the most conserved among the IGFBPs. That of hIGFBP-4 is predicted as an array of beta-strands that include the glycine and cysteine rich IGFBP consensus pattern and that terminate with a helix. The exon 2 encoded region is the most variable among the IGFBPs. That of hIGFBP-4 is predicted as mostly an amphipathic helix. The remaining regions are also conserved among the IGFBPs. Those of hIGFBP-4 are also predicted to contain helices. The predicted structure of hIGFBP-4 comprises amino terminal beta-strands with four helices in the carboxy terminal two thirds of the molecule.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Consensus Sequence', 'Conserved Sequence', 'Databases, Factual', 'Exons', 'Humans', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 4', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Protein Structure, Secondary', 'Rats', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid']
| 8,930,016
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['G02.111.570.580.175'], ['G02.111.570.580'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.157.420.280'], ['E05.599.595'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Identification of Pancreatic Injury in Patients with Elevated Amylase or Lipase Level Using a Decision Tree Classifier: A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Analysis in a Level I Trauma Center.
|
BACKGROUND: In trauma patients, pancreatic injury is rare; however, if undiagnosed, it is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Few predictive models are available for the identification of pancreatic injury in trauma patients with elevated serum pancreatic enzymes. In this study, we aimed to construct a model for predicting pancreatic injury using a decision tree (DT) algorithm, along with data obtained from a population-based trauma registry in a Level I trauma center.METHODS: A total of 991 patients with elevated serum levels of amylase (>137 U/L) or lipase (>51 U/L), including 46 patients with pancreatic injury and 865 without pancreatic injury between January 2009 and December 2016, were allocated in a ratio of 7:3 to training (n = 642) or test (n = 269) sets. Using the data on patient and injury characteristics as well as laboratory data, the DT algorithm with Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis was performed based on the Gini impurity index, using the rpart function in the rpart package in R.RESULTS: Among the trauma patients with elevated amylase or lipase levels, three groups of patients were identified as having a high risk of pancreatic injury, using the DT model. These included (1) 69% of the patients with lipase level ?306 U/L; (2) 79% of the patients with lipase level between 154 U/L and 305 U/L and shock index (SI) ? 0.72; and (3) 80% of the patients with lipase level <154 U/L with abdomen injury, glucose level <158 mg/dL, amylase level <90 U/L, and neutrophil percentage ?76%; they had all sustained pancreatic injury. With all variables in the model, the DT achieved an accuracy of 97.9% (sensitivity of 91.4% and specificity of 98.3%) for the training set. In the test set, the DT achieved an accuracy of 93.3%, sensitivity of 72.7%, and specificity of 94.2%.CONCLUSIONS: We established a DT model using lipase, SI, and additional conditions (injury to the abdomen, glucose level <158 mg/dL, amylase level <90 U/L, and neutrophils ?76%) as important nodes to predict three groups of patients with a high risk of pancreatic injury. The proposed decision-making algorithm may help in identifying pancreatic injury among trauma patients with elevated serum amylase or lipase levels.
|
['Abdominal Injuries', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Amylases', 'Biomarkers', 'Clinical Decision-Making', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Decision Support Techniques', 'Decision Trees', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lipase', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreas', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Trauma Centers', 'Young Adult']
| 29,415,489
|
[['C26.017'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D08.811.277.450.066'], ['D23.101'], ['E01.055'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E05.245', 'L01.313.500.750.190'], ['G17.162.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A03.734'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336.500', 'N02.421.297.195.480', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336.400'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Alcohol consumption and impaired glycoregulation results in a population of 6665 salaried employees.
|
Alcohol consumption and glycosuria were found to be associated (p less than 0.001) in a population of 6571 salaried employees who underwent a systematic examination. The prevalence of glycosuria was found to range from 1.3% among 2609 non-drinkers to 5% among 816 heavy drinkers (six glasses or more of alcoholic beverage daily). This association was still significant after adjustment for age, sex and body mass index. Similarly, a positive association was observed between fasting glycemia and alcoholic intake in a subgroup of 998 subjects when such a result was available (p less than 0.05).
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Blood Glucose', 'Body Constitution', 'Ethanol', 'Female', 'Glycosuria', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Risk Factors', 'Sex Factors']
| 3,181,390
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['E01.370.600.115', 'G07.100'], ['D02.033.375'], ['C12.777.934.363', 'C13.351.968.934.363', 'C18.452.394.937'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Heritability of insulin sensitivity in twins].
|
OBJECTIVE: To explore the contribution of genetic and environmental effects to insulin sensitivity.METHODS: The insulin sensitivity of 249 pairs of twins was estimated by use of logarithm transformed homeostasis model assessment (HOMA), of whom 169 pairs were monozygous and 80 pairs dizygous. To formulate a univariate genetic model for the variation of insulin sensitivity, the relative influences of gene and environment on the insulin sensitivity were divided into four contributing components as A (additive effects of alleles),D (dominance effects) C (common environmental effects) and E (specific environmental effects). Heritability of insulin sensitivity was estimated by maximum likelihood method, which included the influences of age and sex on model.RESULTS: The influence of age on insulin sensitivity was not significant chi(2)=1.851 P=0.604 . The AE-model fitted the data best. The heritability of insulin sensitivity was 0.35 in males and 0.46 in females, respectively.CONCLUSION: 35% of the variance in insulin sensitivity was due to additive effects in males and 46% due to additive effects in females in this twin study.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Likelihood Functions', 'Male', 'Models, Genetic', 'Sex Factors', 'Twins']
| 14,710,250
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['E05.318.740.500.475', 'E05.318.740.600.400', 'E05.599.835.500', 'N05.715.360.750.530.450', 'N05.715.360.750.625.450', 'N06.850.520.830.500.475', 'N06.850.520.830.600.400'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['M01.438.873']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Ingestive behavior of pastured crossbred dairy cows offered different supplement types.
|
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of different supplements on the behavior variables of crossbred dairy cows that were in pasture that comprised two 4 ? 4 Latin squares (four periods, four treatments, and four animals). Each experimental period lasted 15 days (10 days to adapt animals to treatments and 5 days for data collection). The animals were supplemented twice a day, with different forage (corn silage and cactus pear) and concentrate sources (soy mea + wheat meal + corn meal + cotton seed together and soy meal as a single constituent of the concentrate). A significant difference (p < 0.10) was observed for the percentage of time spent consuming the supplement and for idleness, rumination, and bite rate at the time of supplementation. The supplement intake period was greater for the cactus pear-based supplements due to the lower dry matter content. Those based on corn silage resulted in longer rumination periods than those consisting of cactus pear; however, the opposite was observed for supplements based on the cactus, which showed higher percentages of time for idleness. The supplementation influenced the ingestive behavior of crossbred dairy cows.
|
['Animal Feed', 'Animals', 'Brazil', 'Breeding', 'Cattle', 'Dairying', 'Dietary Supplements', 'Digestion', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Female', 'Observation', 'Opuntia', 'Silage', 'Time Factors']
| 22,678,494
|
[['G07.203.300.300.100', 'J02.500.300.100'], ['B01.050'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['E05.820.150', 'G05.090'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['J01.040.246'], ['G07.203.300.456', 'J02.500.456'], ['G07.203.650.250', 'G10.261.190'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['E05.581.249'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.198.500.200.500'], ['G07.203.200.750', 'G07.203.300.300.100.800', 'J02.350.750', 'J02.500.300.100.800'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
A correlative study between glucocorticoid receptor levels in human mononuclear leukocytes and biochemical data in Cushing's disease.
|
UNLABELLED: We determined glucocorticoid receptors in human mononuclear leukocytes in 9 patients with Cushing's disease, in order to correlate them with laboratory data. Receptors were measured by a whole-cell assay method, after incubation with [3H]-dexamethasone in the presence or absence of excess unlabelled hormone. In Cushing's disease, there were 4425 +/- 364 sites/cell (N = 9), similar to in the controls: 4473 +/- 476 (N = 10); average Kd was 2.42 +/- 0.52 nmol/l (N = 3) similar to in the controls: 2.0 +/- 0.20 nmol/l (N = 3). In Cushing's patients we found significant negative correlations between basal glucocorticoid receptors and: 1) morning blood cortisol (r = -0.67, P less than 0.05), and 2) 17-ketogenic steroids after 2 mg of dexamethasone (r = -0.85, P less than 0.01). No correlations were observed with afternoon blood cortisol, free urinary cortisol, basal and post-8-mg dexamethasone 17-ketogenic steroids, TRH-TSH area, urinary calcium, plasma glucose, or systolic blood pressure.CONCLUSIONS: In Cushing's disease, a subtle receptor down-regulation may exist, as suggested by the inverse relationship between glucocorticoid receptors and morning blood cortisol. Secondly, the relationship between basal receptors and 17-ketogenic steroids after 2 mg of dexamethasone suggests that glucocorticoid receptors in human mononuclear leukocytes could reflect the sensitivity of the nervous system-pituitary-adrenal axis to dexamethasone inhibition.
|
['17-Ketosteroids', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Calcium', 'Cushing Syndrome', 'Dexamethasone', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hydrocortisone', 'Leukocytes, Mononuclear', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Receptors, Glucocorticoid', 'Thyrotropin']
| 2,911,941
|
[['D04.210.500.578.502', 'D06.472.040.502'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['C19.053.800.367'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.344', 'D04.210.500.908.238'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.600', 'D06.472.040.585.353.476', 'D06.472.040.585.478.392'], ['A11.118.637.555', 'A15.145.229.637.555', 'A15.382.490.555'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.826.750.430'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.883', 'D12.644.548.691.525.883']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Clinical relevance of survivin as a biomarker in neoplasms, especially in adult T-cell leukemias and acute leukemias.
|
Survivin has been identified as one of the top 4 transcripts among 3.5 million human transcriptomes uniformly up-regulated in cancer tissues but not in normal tissues. Therefore, we quantitatively determined the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression profile for survivin by a real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique in 113 patients with leukemias, such as adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic myeloid leukemia in crisis, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and in 25 cell lines, including 7 ATL cell lines and 15 solid-tumor cell lines. Furthermore, we examined whether the plasma level of survivin protein as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) substituted for mRNA expression by PCR quantification. Gene expression was quantitatively confirmed to be up-regulated in approximately 90% of ATL and acute leukemia cases and in all of the cell lines tested, whereas it was down-regulated in almost all cases of CLL. Furthermore, with respect to the interpretation of the gene expression findings, attention was paid to standardization with a housekeeping gene, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), in the real-time PCR quantification, because the variability in GAPDH expression among the different cell types was significant. GAPDH expression was relatively low in ATL cells and high in ALL and AML cells. The rates of increase in the levels of survivin protein in the plasma of ATL patients and in the supernatants from in vitro cultures of solid-tumor cell lines were low compared with rates of increase of the mRNA and protein level in the cells, suggesting that the protein levels in plasma do not always reflect survivin expression in tumor cells. Our findings indicate the potential clinical relevance of survivin quantified by real-time PCR but not for the protein level in plasma as determined by ELISA, especially in cases of ATL and acute leukemias.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Humans', 'Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins', 'Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell', 'Leukemia, Lymphoid', 'Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive', 'Leukemia, Myeloid', 'Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell', 'Microtubule-Associated Proteins', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Survivin']
| 15,293,568
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D23.101.140'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.464.938.750.210', 'D12.644.360.075.437', 'D12.776.476.075.437'], ['C04.557.337.428.080.125', 'C15.604.515.560.080.125', 'C20.683.515.528.080.125'], ['C04.557.337.428', 'C15.604.515.560', 'C20.683.515.528'], ['C04.557.337.539.250', 'C15.378.190.636.370'], ['C04.557.337.539'], ['C04.557.337.428.580.100', 'C15.604.515.560.575.100', 'C20.683.515.528.582.100'], ['D12.776.220.600.450', 'D12.776.631.560'], ['D12.776.624'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['D12.644.360.075.437.625', 'D12.776.167.576', 'D12.776.220.600.450.495', 'D12.776.476.075.437.625']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Application of SCAP to drug design. 1. Prediction of octanol-water partition coefficients using solvent-dependent conformational analyses.
|
The solvent-dependent conformational analysis procedure (SCAP) has been used to predict the octanol-water partition coefficients of 20 different compounds with an average absolute error of 9%. SCAP predicts partition coefficients almost as well as the Hansch procedure using pi constants where the absolute error for the 20 compounds is 5%. In addition to estimating partition coefficients, SCAP allows direct calculation of the corresponding solute-solvent interaction free energies. Moreover, binding free energies, based upon hydrophobic and polar interactions, may also be computed. Such free energies are not calculable using other available methods. SCAP also allows solvation free energies to be compared to, or analyzed with, the various intramolecular free energies of the solute molecule as well as all other associated conformational properties.
|
['Energy Transfer', 'Kinetics', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Octanols', 'Quantum Theory', 'Solvents', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Water']
| 1,271,397
|
[['G01.154.240', 'G02.111.255', 'G02.216'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['D02.033.415.600', 'D10.289.600'], ['H01.671.579.800'], ['D27.720.844'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Survival in post-infarction heart rupture. A case report. Role of echocardiography in immediate diagnostic approach].
|
A case of acute myocardial infarction of the inferior-posterior and lateral wall of the left ventricle, complicated at the onset with cardiogenic shock and myocardial rupture of the free wall, is presented. The precise and immediate echocardiographic diagnosis made it possible, by means of appropriate pharmacologic support, to reach a satisfactory haemodynamic balance in order to send the patient to decisive surgical operation.
|
['Echocardiography', 'Electrocardiography', 'Heart Rupture, Post-Infarction', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 1,803,285
|
[['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['C14.280.470.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Drug combinations in the therapy of low response to phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors in patients with erectile dysfunction.
|
Combinatorial drugs utilising a clinically-proven single agent approach in erectile dysfunction (ED) have led to the search for additional compounds to improve therapy and the safety profile. Selective inhibitors of Phosphodiesterase type 5, such as Sildenafil, demonstrate a defined failure rate in ED. The therapeutic concept to increase blood influx and or to decrease blood efflux in patients with ED under therapy encountered severe drawbacks. It appeared impossible to decrease the NO-content in the corpora cavernosa and associated organs followed by synchronized increase of NO by a second drug. One has to metabolically activate cAMP by the first acting compound followed by cGMP stimulation. The pharmacology of the counteractive drugs was investigated clinically and a combination of 50 mg sildenafil with 5 mg dihydro-ergotamine (DHE) was identified as of practical use in patients with low response to Sildenafil. The safety profile appeared to be improved by this combination therapy. The present study is a clinical follow-up of patients treated with different therapeutical regimens to document the effectiveness of Sildenafil in combination with DHE.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Dihydroergotamine', 'Dopamine Agonists', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Erectile Dysfunction', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors', 'Piperazines', 'Purines', 'Sildenafil Citrate', 'Sulfones']
| 12,494,876
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D03.132.327.412.225', 'D03.633.400.562.300'], ['D27.505.519.625.150.151', 'D27.505.696.577.150.151'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E02.319.310'], ['C12.294.644.486', 'F03.835.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D27.505.519.389.735'], ['D03.383.606'], ['D03.633.100.759'], ['D02.065.884.675', 'D02.886.590.700.675', 'D03.383.606.854', 'D03.633.100.759.824'], ['D02.886.590']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Prestorage heat treatment to maintain nutritive and functional properties during postharvest cold storage of pomegranate.
|
Heat treatments have been used to extend storability of several fruits, although no information is available about their effects on nutritive and functional properties in pomegranates, which was the objective of this research. Thus, pomegranate fruits were heat treated (dips at 45 degrees C for 4 min) and stored at 2 degrees C for 90 days. Every 15 days, samples were taken and further stored 2 days at 20 degrees C for shelf life study. Arils from heat-treated pomegranates exhibited higher total antioxidant activity than controls, which was correlated primarily to the high levels of total phenolics and to lesser extent to ascorbic acid and anthocyanin contents. Additionally, the levels of sugars (glucose and fructose) and organic acids (malic, citric, and oxalic acids) remained also at higher concentrations in arils from treated fruits. With this simple and non-contaminant technology, the functional and nutritive properties, after long periods of storage, could then be even greater than in recently harvested fruits, thus providing a high content in health-beneficial compounds to consumers after the intake of these fruits.
|
['Anthocyanins', 'Antioxidants', 'Ascorbic Acid', 'Carbohydrate Metabolism', 'Carbohydrates', 'Cold Temperature', 'Food Preservation', 'Hot Temperature', 'Lythraceae']
| 17,061,826
|
[['D03.383.663.283.266.450.087', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.087', 'D09.408.084', 'D23.767.124'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D02.241.081.844.107', 'D02.241.511.902.107', 'D09.811.100'], ['G02.111.158', 'G03.191'], ['D09'], ['G01.906.595.272', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.300', 'G16.500.750.775.710.300', 'N06.230.300.100.725.154', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.300'], ['J01.576.423.850.700'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.833.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Influences on food choice perceived to be important by nationally-representative samples of adults in the European Union.
|
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this baseline survey was to obtain comparable data on perceived influences on food choice from EU member countries as the starting point for EU healthy eating promotion campaigns and programmes.DESIGN: A cross-sectional study in which quota-controlled, nationally-representative samples of approximately 1000 adults from each country completed a face-to-face interview-assisted questionnaire.SETTING: The survey was conducted between October 1995 and February 1996 in the 15 member states of the European Union.SUBJECTS: 14331 subjects (aged 15 y upwards) completed the questionnaire. Data were weighted by population size for each country and by sex, age and regional distribution within each member state.RESULTS: The five most important factors influencing consumers food choice were 'quality or freshness' (74%), 'price' (43%), 'taste' (38%), 'trying to eat healthy' (32%) and 'family preferences' (29%). Subjects in different categories (age, sex, education and employment status) selected different factors as having major influence on their food choice. Demographic factors seemed to have greater effects on perceived influences than culture (country): 'quality/freshness', 'price', 'trying to eat healthy', 'family preferences' seemed to be most important in women, 'taste' and 'habit' in males. Females and older and more educated subjects were more likely than other subjects to select 'trying to eat healthy' as having a major influence. 'Price' seemed most important in unemployed and retired subjects.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Attitude to Health', 'Costs and Cost Analysis', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Diet', 'Diet Surveys', 'Europe', 'Female', 'Food Preferences', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Taste']
| 9,222,718
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['N03.219.151'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['E05.318.308.980.485.350', 'N05.715.360.300.800.469.300', 'N06.850.505.616.300', 'N06.850.520.308.980.469.350'], ['Z01.542'], ['F01.145.407.516', 'G07.203.650.353.516'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['F02.830.816.724', 'G11.561.790.724']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Coexistence of Graves' disease and unilateral functioning Struma ovarii: a case report.
|
BACKGROUND: Coexisting of Graves' disease and functioning struma ovarii is a rare condition. Although the histology of struma ovarii predominantly composed of thyrocytes, the majority of the patients did not have thyrotoxicosis. The mechanism underlying the functioning status of the tumor is still unclear but the presence of thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) is thought to play a role. Here we describe the patient presentation and report the TSHR expression of the tumor.CASE PRESENTATION: A 56-year old Asian woman presented with long standing thyrotoxicosis for 23 years. She was diagnosed with Graves' disease and thyroid nodules. She had bilateral exophthalmos and had high titer of plasma TSHR antibody. Total thyroidectomy was performed and the histologic findings confirmed the clinical diagnosis. The patient had persistent thyrotoxicosis postoperatively. Thyroid uptake demonstrated the adequacy of the thyroid surgery and the whole body scan confirmed the presence of functioning thyroid tissue at pelvic area. The surgery was scheduled and the patient had hypothyroidism after the surgery. The pathological diagnosis was struma ovarii at right ovary. We performed TSHR staining in both the patient's struma ovarii and in 3 cases of non-functioning struma ovarii. The staining results were all positive and the intensity of the TSHR staining of functioning struma ovarii was the same as that in other cases of non-functioning tumors, suggesting that the determinant of functioning struma ovarii might be the presence of TSHR stimuli rather than the intensity of the TSHR in the ovarian tissue.CONCLUSION: In patients with Graves' disease with persistent or recurrent thyrotoxicosis after adequate ablative treatment, the possibility of ectopic thyroid hormone production should be considered. TSHR expression is found in patients with functioning and non-functioning struma ovarii and cannot solely be used to determine the functioning status of the tumor.
|
['Antithyroid Agents', 'Female', 'Graves Disease', 'Humans', 'Hysterectomy', 'Methimazole', 'Middle Aged', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Ovariectomy', 'Salpingectomy', 'Struma Ovarii', 'Thyroidectomy', 'Thyrotoxicosis', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 26,530,865
|
[['D06.347.100', 'D27.505.696.399.450.100'], ['C11.675.349.500', 'C19.874.283.605', 'C19.874.397.370', 'C20.111.555'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.950.300.399'], ['D02.886.489.600', 'D03.383.129.308.535'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['E04.270.282.685', 'E04.950.165.685', 'E04.950.300.680'], ['E04.950.300.715'], ['C04.557.465.910.850'], ['E04.270.856'], ['C19.874.397.685'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A large targeted deletion of Hoxb1-Hoxb9 produces a series of single-segment anterior homeotic transformations.
|
Hox genes regulate axial regional specification during animal embryonic development and are grouped into four clusters. The mouse HoxB cluster contains 10 genes, Hoxb1 to Hoxb9 and Hoxb13, which are transcribed in the same direction. We have generated a mouse strain with a targeted 90-kb deletion within the HoxB cluster from Hoxb1 to Hoxb9. Surprisingly, heterozygous mice show no detectable abnormalities. Homozygous mutant embryos survive to term and exhibit an ordered series of one-segment anterior homeotic transformations along the cervical and thoracic vertebral column and defects in sternum morphogenesis. Neurofilament staining indicates abnormalities in the IXth cranial nerve. Notably, simultaneous deletion of Hoxb1 to Hoxb9 resulted in the sum of phenotypes of single HoxB gene mutants. Although a higher penetrance is observed, no synergistic or new phenotypes were observed, except for the loss of ventral curvature at the cervicothoracic boundary of the vertebral column. Although Hoxb13, the most 5' gene, is separated from the rest by 70 kb, it has been suggested to be expressed with temporal and spatial colinearity. Here, we show that the expression pattern of Hoxb13 is not affected by the targeted deletion of the other 9 genes. Thus, Hoxb13 expression seems to be independent of the deleted region, suggesting that its expression pattern could be achieved independent of the colinear pattern of the cluster or by a regulatory element located 5' of Hoxb9.
|
['Animals', 'Cranial Nerves', 'Gene Deletion', 'Genes, Homeobox', 'Mice', 'Mice, Mutant Strains', 'Multigene Family', 'Phenotype']
| 10,885,747
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.800.800.120'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.230.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['G05.695']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
High-Intensity Interval Training for Cognitive and Mental Health in Adolescents.
|
PURPOSE: Emerging literature suggests that physical activity and fitness may have a positive effect on cognitive and mental health in adolescents. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the efficacy of two high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocols for improving cognitive and mental health outcomes (executive function, psychological well-being, psychological distress, and physical self-concept) in adolescents.METHODS: Participants (n = 65; mean age = 15.8 ± 0.6 yr) were randomized to three conditions: aerobic exercise program (AEP; n = 21), resistance and aerobic program (RAP; n = 22), and control (n = 22). HIIT sessions (8-10 min per session) were delivered during physical education lessons or at lunchtime three times per week for 8 wk. Assessments were conducted at baseline and immediately postintervention to detect changes in executive function (trail making test), psychological well-being, psychological distress, and physical self-description by researchers blinded to treatment allocation. Intervention effects were examined using linear mixed models. Cohen's d effect sizes and clinical inference were also calculated.RESULTS: While results were not significant, small improvements in executive function (mean change (95% CI) -6.69 (-22.03, 8.64), d = -0.32) and psychological well-being (mean change (95% CI) 2.81 (-2.06, 7.68), d = 0.34) were evident in the AEP group; and moderate improvements in executive function (mean change (95% CI) -10.73 (-26.22, 4.76), d = -0.51), and small improvements in well-being (mean change (95% CI) 2.96 (-1.82, 7.75), d = 0.36) and perceived appearance (mean change (95% CI) 0.32 (-0.25, 0.86), d = 0.35), were observed for the RAP group. Mean feeling state scores improved from preworkout to postworkout in both HIIT conditions, with significant results for the AEP (P = 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the potential of embedding HIIT within the school day for improving cognitive and mental health among adolescents.
|
['Adolescent', 'Cognition', 'Emotions', 'Executive Function', 'Female', 'Heart Rate', 'High-Intensity Interval Training', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mental Health', 'Psychology, Adolescent', 'Self Concept', 'Stress, Psychological']
| 27,187,097
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F02.463.188'], ['F01.470'], ['F02.463.217'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['G11.427.410.698.277.311.250', 'I03.350.311.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.418', 'N01.400.500'], ['F04.096.628.065'], ['F01.752.747.792'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Apelin-13 increases expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 via activating protein kinase C á signaling in THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells.
|
Apelin has an antiatherogenic function through activating protein kinase C (PKC) to initiate a series of cellular signaling pathways. PKC phosphorylates and stabilizes ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) through inhibiting its degradation mediated by calpain. Thus, in the present study, we investigated whether apelin-13 affects expression of ABCA1 through PKC signaling. The results showed that apelin-13 dramatically increased cholesterol efflux from THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells and reduced cellular cholesterol levels. ABCA1 protein but not mRNA levels were dramatically increased by apelin-13, and calpain-induced degradation of ABCA1 and calpain activity were suppressed with treatment of apelin-13. However, the effects of apelin-13 on ABCA1 protein expression, cellular cholesterol efflux and calpain activity were abolished by depletion of PKCá, suggesting the potential important role of PKCá. In addition, apelin-13 was shown to phosphorylate serine residues in ABCA1 through the PKCá pathway. Thus, apelin-13 appears to activate PKCá, phosphorylate ABCA1 and inhibit calpain-mediated proteolysis, thereby promoting cholesterol efflux and reducing foam cell formation. Our study herein described a possible mechanism for understanding the antiatherogenic effects of apelin on attenuating the progression of atherosclerosis.
|
['ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1', 'ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters', 'Calpain', 'Cell Line', 'Cholesterol', 'Foam Cells', 'Humans', 'Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Macrophages', 'Protein Kinase C-alpha']
| 23,290,264
|
[['D12.776.157.530.100.050.500', 'D12.776.395.550.020.381.500', 'D12.776.543.550.192.381.500', 'D12.776.543.585.100.190.500'], ['D12.776.157.530.100', 'D12.776.395.550.020', 'D12.776.543.550.192', 'D12.776.543.585.100'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.120', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.120'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['A11.329.372.368', 'A11.627.482.368', 'A11.733.397.368', 'A15.382.670.522.368', 'A15.382.680.397.368'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276', 'D12.776.467', 'D23.529'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.725.100']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Muir-Torre syndrome: clinical features and molecular genetic analysis.
|
We report a 62-year-old man with rectal cancer, two keratoacanthomas and multiple sebaceous adenomas, epitheliomas and sebaceous hyperplasia. His brother and father died from colorectal cancer. A subgroup of patients with the Muir-Torre syndrome (MTS) is allelic to the cancer family syndrome. This genetic disorder is caused by an autosomal dominant inherited germline mutation in one of the DNA mismatch repair genes. It is thought that a somatic mutation of the other allele leads to a genomic instability responsible for tumorigenesis. In the patient presented here the instability was detected in two characteristic skin lesions; sebaceous adenoma and epithelioma. The search for a causal germline mutation revealed a frameshift mutation in the mismatch repair gene hMSH2 leading to a truncated protein. A presymptomatic molecular diagnosis can be offered to the children of the patient.
|
['Carcinoma', 'Facial Neoplasms', 'Frameshift Mutation', 'Humans', 'Hyperplasia', 'Keratoacanthoma', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms, Multiple Primary', 'Rectal Neoplasms', 'Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms', 'Skin', 'Skin Diseases', 'Syndrome']
| 9,217,825
|
[['C04.557.470.200'], ['C04.588.443.392'], ['G05.365.590.265'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.444'], ['C17.800.417'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.651'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.790', 'C06.301.371.411.307.790', 'C06.405.249.411.307.790', 'C06.405.469.491.307.790', 'C06.405.469.860.180.500'], ['C04.588.805.578', 'C17.800.794.712', 'C17.800.882.712'], ['A17.815'], ['C17.800'], ['C23.550.288.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Absolute ionization dosimetry of high energy electrons with an energy of more than 15 Mev].
|
By means of a graphite double extrapolation chamber, the self consistent dosimetry system already used for an electron energy until 15 MeV also allows an absolute determination of the cavity ion dose until 42 MeV which can be performed under practically ideal Bragg-Gray conditions with the precision of a primary standard. For the conversion into energy-dose, the relative mass collision stopping power sw,l reduced to the universal dosimetric constants W/e, G and epsilon is used which is determined by the system itself and corresponds to the theoretic relative unrestricted mass collision stopping power. A clear function for sw,l only depending on Er is achieved by a co-ordination with the mean rest energy of electrons Er, and that in any measuring depth. This function also harmonizes with the theoretical values of the relative unrestricted mass collision stopping power in the enlarged energy range. The performance specifications and influence quantities of the small parallel-plate chamber ("Electron Chamber") which also has been already used until 15 MeV as a secondary standard dosemeter and field instrument in the water, M3 or plexiglas phantom keep the same values and ranges of use. The calibration factor of the cavity ion dose is independent of the energy and remains constant also for the enlarged energy range. The measuring accuracy for the cavity ion dose and the energy-dose are unchanged.
|
['Electrons', 'Ions', 'Mathematics', 'Radiation Dosage']
| 6,612,763
|
[['G01.249.335', 'G01.358.500.750'], ['D01.248.497'], ['H01.548'], ['E05.799.513', 'G01.750.740', 'N06.850.810.250']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Vitreous glucose in bacterial and sterile endophthalmitis.
|
Bacterial or sterile endophthalmitis was induced in rabbits. The vitreous glucose levels were then assayed. Severe intraocular inflammation, whether bacterial or sterile, resulted in marked lowering of vitreous glucose as compared to control levels. Moderate or mild inflammation failed to reduce the vitreous glucose. These data suggest that determination of vitreous glucose is not of value in the differentiation of bacterial from sterile endophthalmitis.
|
['Animals', 'Bacterial Infections', 'Blood Glucose', 'Endophthalmitis', 'Glucose', 'Rabbits', 'Retina', 'Serum Albumin', 'Staphylococcal Infections', 'Vitreous Body']
| 3,489,693
|
[['B01.050'], ['C01.150.252'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['C01.375.265', 'C11.294.265'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['A09.371.729'], ['D12.776.034.841', 'D12.776.124.727'], ['C01.150.252.410.868'], ['A09.371.714.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Epidemiological and immunological characteristics of childhood leukaemia in The Netherlands: population-based data from a nationwide co-operative group of paediatricians.
|
In this review results are presented from several population-based epidemiological and immunological studies of children with leukaemia in The Netherlands, who were diagnosed between 1973 and 1982 through a nationwide co-operative group of paediatricians. From 1973 till 1980 annual incidence rates appeared to be 3.1 per 10(5) person-yr. No significant trend was observed in this period. However a preliminary analysis of patients in the 1980-1982 period showed an increase. Mortality rates are decreasing since 1973, as expected. Incidence rates and proportions of different morphological and immunological subtypes reflect the pattern of occurrence in populations with a high standard of living. A relatively high incidence rate of acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL) is observed with a peak at the age of 3-5. The proportion of patients with T-cell phenotype among ALL-patients, immunologically typed between 1979 and 1982, appeared to increase with age, while the proportion of common ALL decreased. Statistical analysis of the data of patients with ALL in the Western part of the country including areas with nuclear plants, gave no indication for the presence of clustering. Subclassification of childhood leukaemia (CL), notably ALL, may be necessary for obtaining more specific etiologic clues. In view of the incidence of CL and ALL large scale, immunological and epidemiological investigations of CL, and the related non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, preferably population-based, are necessary.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adolescent', 'Age Factors', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Data Collection', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Leukemia', 'Leukemia, Lymphoid', 'Leukemia, Myeloid', 'Male', 'Netherlands', 'Phenotype', 'Sex Factors', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 3,874,331
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.057'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.308', 'L01.399.250', 'N05.715.360.300', 'N06.850.520.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C04.557.337'], ['C04.557.337.428', 'C15.604.515.560', 'C20.683.515.528'], ['C04.557.337.539'], ['Z01.542.651'], ['G05.695'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Sacral nerve stimulation for refractory urge symptoms in elderly patients.
|
OBJECTIVE: The presence of an overactive detrusor (OD) is becoming more prevalent in the elderly and may severely influence the social life and activities of daily living in the senior, otherwise healthy, person. There is a marked age-dependent increase in OD above the age of 65 years, which is mainly attributed to dysfunction, with loss of voluntary control, of the micturition reflex and decreased perception of bladder fullness.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Herein, we evaluate the outcome of sacral nerve stimulation in five patients aged >65 years derived from a large, multinational, randomized, prospective study.RESULTS: The effect on symptoms was excellent in two subjects. There was a moderate improvement in another subject and a variable but eventually small effect in the remaining two patients. The results appeared to be more favourable in younger patients.CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the outcome of sacral nerve stimulation is more unpredictable in the elderly, a fact that should be considered when counselling the patient. However, it should be remembered that, even for the older, active person, urge incontinence may have a severe impact on quality of life and that the majority of patients treated with an implant will benefit from this treatment.
|
['Aged', 'Electric Stimulation Therapy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lumbosacral Plexus', 'Male', 'Multicenter Studies as Topic', 'Prospective Studies', 'Quality of Life', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic', 'Urinary Incontinence']
| 15,204,397
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.331', 'E02.779.468', 'E02.831.535.468'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A08.800.800.720.450'], ['E05.318.372.658', 'N05.715.360.330.643', 'N06.850.520.450.643'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C10.597.900', 'C12.777.829.839', 'C13.351.968.829.760', 'C23.888.592.900'], ['C12.777.934.852', 'C13.351.968.934.814', 'C23.888.942.343.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A theoretical study of the contrast recovery and variance of MAP reconstructions from PET data.
|
We examine the spatial resolution and variance properties of PET images reconstructed using maximum a posteriori (MAP) or penalized-likelihood methods. Resolution is characterized by the contrast recovery coefficient (CRC) of the local impulse response. Simplified approximate expressions are derived for the local impulse response CRC's and variances for each voxel. Using these results we propose a practical scheme for selecting spatially variant smoothing parameters to optimize lesion detectability through maximization of the local CRC-to-noise ratio in the reconstructed image.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Normal Distribution', 'Tomography, Emission-Computed']
| 10,385,287
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.599'], ['E05.318.740.994.500', 'G17.820.500', 'N05.715.360.750.750.565', 'N06.850.520.830.994.500'], ['E01.370.350.350.800', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800', 'E01.370.350.710.800', 'E01.370.350.825.800', 'E01.370.384.730.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The effect of a magnesium deficient diet and cortisone on the growth of the rat incisor.
|
Incisors of Mg-deficient rats showed a marked inhibition of eruption and a decrease in mitoses of apical tissues. Cortisone administration resulted in some increase in eruption rate and cell division though these remained below the values of Mg-supplemented controls. An improvement in gross condition and a less severe histopathology of incisor tissues were also observed in cortisone-treated rats.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Division', 'Cortisone', 'Dental Enamel', 'Dentin', 'Diet', 'Female', 'Incisor', 'Magnesium Deficiency', 'Mice', 'Mitosis', 'Odontogenesis', 'Tooth Eruption']
| 277,480
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.183', 'D06.472.040.585.478.195'], ['A14.549.167.900.255'], ['A14.549.167.900.280'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['A14.549.167.860.425'], ['C18.654.521.500.439'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G04.144.220.220.781', 'G05.113.220.781'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.750'], ['G10.549.810']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
How can additional secondary data analysis of observational data enhance the generalisability of meta-analytic evidence for local public health decision making?
|
This paper critically explores how survey and routinely collected data could aid in assessing the generalisability of public health evidence. We propose developing approaches that could be employed in understanding the relevance of public health evidence, and investigate ways of producing meta-analytic estimates tailored to reflect local circumstances, based on analyses of secondary data. Currently, public health decision makers face challenges in interpreting global review evidence to assess its meaning in local contexts. A lack of clarity on the definition and scope of generalisability, and the absence of consensus on its measurement, has stunted methodological progress. The consequence of failing to tackle generalisability means that systematic review evidence often fails to fulfil its potential contribution in public health decision making. Three approaches to address these problems are considered and emerging challenges discussed: (1) purposeful exploration after a review has been conducted, and we present a framework of potential avenues of enquiry and a worked example; (2) recalibration of the results to weight studies differentially based on their similarity to conditions in an inference population, and we provide a worked example using UK Census data to understand potential differences in the effectiveness of community engagement interventions among sites in England and Wales; (3) purposeful exploration before starting a review to ensure that the findings are relevant to an inference population. The paper aims to demonstrate how a more nuanced treatment of context in reviews of public health interventions could be achieved through greater engagement with existing large sources of secondary data.
|
['Calibration', 'Data Analysis', 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'Decision Making', 'England', 'Evidence-Based Medicine', 'Humans', 'Meta-Analysis as Topic', 'Observational Studies as Topic', 'Public Health', 'Statistics as Topic', 'United Kingdom', 'Wales']
| 30,129,995
|
[['E05.978.155'], ['H01.548.338'], ['E05.245.380', 'E05.318.740.300', 'L01.313.500.750.190.380', 'N05.715.360.750.300', 'N06.850.520.830.300'], ['F02.463.785.373'], ['Z01.542.363.300'], ['H02.249.750', 'H02.403.200.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.370.500', 'E05.581.500.501', 'N05.715.360.325.515', 'N06.850.520.445.500'], ['E05.318.372.250.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.500'], ['H02.403.720', 'N01.400.550', 'N06.850'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830'], ['Z01.542.363'], ['Z01.542.363.914']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Phosphorylation of histone H3 is functionally linked to retinoic acid receptor beta promoter activation.
|
Ligand-dependent transcriptional activation of retinoic acid receptors (RARs) is a multistep process culminating in the formation of a multimeric co-activator complex on regulated promoters. Several co-activator complexes harbor an acetyl transferase activity, which is required for retinoid-induced transcription of reporter genes. Using murine P19 embryonal carcinoma cells, we examined the relationship between histone post-translational modifications and activation of the endogenous RARbeta2 promoter, which is under the control of a canonical retinoic acid response element and rapidly induced upon retinoid treatment. While histones H3 and H4 were constitutively acetylated at this promoter, retinoid agonists induced a rapid phosphorylation at Ser10 of histone H3. A retinoid antagonist, whose activity was independent of co-repressor binding to RAR, could oppose this agonist-induced H3 phosphorylation. Since such post-translational modifications were not observed at several other promoters, we conclude that histone H3 phosphorylation may be a molecular signature of the activated, retinoid-controlled mRARbeta2 gene promoter.
|
['Animals', 'Histones', 'Mice', 'Phosphorylation', 'Precipitin Tests', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Protamine Kinase', 'Protein Processing, Post-Translational', 'Receptors, Retinoic Acid', 'Tretinoin']
| 11,897,660
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.157.687.485', 'D12.776.660.720.485', 'D12.776.664.469'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645', 'E05.196.150.639.500', 'E05.200.812.735.645', 'E05.478.594.760.645', 'E05.478.605.492'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.150.575', 'D12.644.360.200.575', 'D12.776.476.200.575'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600', 'G02.111.691.600', 'G03.734.871.790.600', 'G05.308.670.600'], ['D12.776.826.701', 'D12.776.930.775'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.495.818.500', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700.860.500', 'D02.455.849.131.495.818.800', 'D02.455.849.291.925.500', 'D23.767.261.700.780']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Social regulation of ageing by young workers in the honey bee, Apis mellifera.
|
Organisms' lifespans are modulated by both genetic and environmental factors. The lifespan of eusocial insects is determined by features of the division of labor, which itself is influenced by social regulatory mechanisms. In the honey bee, Apis mellifera, the presence of brood and of old workers carrying out foraging tasks are important social drivers of ageing, but the influence of young adult workers is unknown, as it has not been experimentally teased apart from that of brood. In this study, we test the role of young workers in the ageing of their nestmates. We measured the impact of different social contexts characterized by the absence of brood and/or young adults on the lifespan of worker nestmates in field colonies. To acquire insight into the physiological processes occurring under these contexts, we analyzed the expression of genes known to affect honey bee ageing. The data showed that young workers significantly reduced the lifespan of nestmate workers, similar to the effect of brood on its own. Differential expression of vitellogenin, major royal jelly protein-1, and methylase transferase, but not methyl farneosate epoxidase genes suggests that young workers and brood influence ageing of adult nestmate workers via different physiological pathways. We identify young workers as an essential part of the social regulation of ageing in honey bee colonies.
|
['Aging', 'Animals', 'Bees', 'Gene Expression', 'Glycoproteins', 'Insect Proteins', 'Social Behavior', 'Vitellogenins']
| 27,865,886
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.875.387'], ['G05.297'], ['D09.400.430', 'D12.776.395'], ['D12.776.093.500'], ['F01.145.813'], ['D12.776.093.500.925', 'D12.776.290.812.500', 'D12.776.744.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Bacteriology of the maxillary and ethmoid sinuses in chronic sinusitis.
|
The bacteriology of chronic sinusitis was studied by using swab and mucosal specimens from both the maxillary and ethmoid sinuses. The specimens of the maxillary sinus were taken through translabial antroscopy. The specimens of the ethmoid sinus were taken after removing the ethmoid bulla during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Eighty-six samples of each type of specimen were collected. Among the maxillary sinus samples, the culture rate was 60.5 per cent from the swab specimens and 36 per cent from the mucosal specimens. Among the ethmoid sinus samples, the culture rate was 58.1 per cent from the swab specimens and 75.6 per cent from the mucosal. The p-value by the Chi-Square test is higher than 0.01 (p = 0.015). As there were more isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis from the mucosal specimens, they are not a better choice of specimen for sampling the ethmoid sinus than a swab specimen.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Child', 'Chronic Disease', 'Citrobacter', 'Ethmoid Sinus', 'Ethmoid Sinusitis', 'Female', 'Haemophilus influenzae', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Maxillary Sinus', 'Maxillary Sinusitis', 'Middle Aged', 'Mucous Membrane', 'Sinusitis', 'Specimen Handling', 'Staphylococcus epidermidis', 'Streptococcus']
| 9,876,374
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['B03.440.450.425.200', 'B03.660.250.150.100'], ['A04.531.621.267'], ['C01.748.749.267', 'C08.460.692.752.267', 'C08.730.749.267', 'C09.603.692.752.267'], ['B03.440.450.600.450.330', 'B03.660.250.550.290.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A04.531.621.578'], ['C01.748.749.578', 'C08.460.692.752.578', 'C08.730.749.578', 'C09.603.692.752.578'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A10.615.550'], ['C01.748.749', 'C08.460.692.752', 'C08.730.749', 'C09.603.692.752'], ['E01.370.225.998', 'E05.200.998'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.343', 'B03.353.500.750.750.343', 'B03.510.100.750.750.343', 'B03.510.400.790.750.343'], ['B03.353.750.737.872', 'B03.510.400.800.872', 'B03.510.550.737.872']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
An analysis of corneal transplantation: II--postoperative astigmatism.
|
An analysis of 153 penetrating keratoplasties was undertaken. The same surgical technique was used in all cases. Three factors had a statistically significant effect on postoperative astigmatism, as measured by keratometry. (1) Astigmatism decreased with increasing follow-up time (P less than 0.05). (2) Vitreous loss at the time of the keratoplasty increased the amount of postoperative astigmatism (P less than 0.05). (3) Females had more postoperative astigmatism than males (P less than 0.05), but this was probably related to a tendency for females to have a greater incidence of postoperative anterior synechiae (P just greater than 0.05), and the fact that all 6 cases of vitreous loss were in females. There was an almost significant trend toward postoperative anterior synechiae being associated with increased astigmatism (P just greater than 0.05), and there was also a trend toward the division of these synechiae reducing the amount of astigmatism. Fifteen of the 153 penetrating grafts were done in cases of herpes simplex. These were compared with 11 lamellar grafts done for herpes simplex, and there was a statistically insignificant trend toward more postoperative astigmatism in penetrating grafts.
|
['Astigmatism', 'Corneal Transplantation', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Keratitis, Dendritic', 'Male', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Sex Factors', 'Transplantation, Homologous', 'Vitreous Body']
| 378,088
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Effect of phosphate upon calcium intestinal absorption (author's transl)].
|
Adult rats receive 5 to 50 mM CaCl2 solutions in which glycerophosphate or sodium diacid phosphate may be added in variable quantity. These solutions are administered by gavage or in situ ligatured jejunal loop. The inhibition of calcium absorption dependent on simultaneously administered phosphate doses is well characterized: high for the lowest concentration, the inhibiting effect of phosphate doses decreases more and more reaching a limit from which phosphate supplementation has no effect. These observations discarding an intervention of phosphate by calcium insolubilization seem to demonstrate that the control supplied by phosphates on calcium absorption is of enzymatic character. Facts related to the respective effects of calcium and phosphates on the action of alkaline phosphatases lead to discuss a possible intervention of these enzymes upon calcium transfer.
|
['Alkaline Phosphatase', 'Animals', 'Biological Transport', 'Calcium', 'Depression, Chemical', 'Intestinal Absorption', 'Phosphates', 'Rats', 'Solubility']
| 796,796
|
[['D08.811.277.352.650.035'], ['B01.050'], ['G03.143'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['G07.690.773.750'], ['G03.015.500.374.500', 'G03.787.024.500.374.500', 'G07.203.650.372.500', 'G07.690.725.015.500.374.500', 'G10.261.353.500'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374', 'D01.248.497.158.730', 'D01.695.625.675.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G02.805']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Anti-inflammatory effect of the compounds from the flowers of Trollius chinensis.
|
In order to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of flavonoids, phenolic acids, and alkaloids from the flowers of Trollius chinensis, some representative compounds, namely, orientin, 2"-O-â-L-galactopyranosylorientin, vitexin, quercetin, isoquercetin, luteolin, veratric acid, proglobeflowery acid, trollioside, and trolline were selected to study their inhibitory effects against LPS-induced NO, IL-6, and TNF-â release in RAW264.7 cells. At the higher concentration, both phenolic acids and flavonoids inhibited the production of NO, whereas only phenolic acids showed this effect at the lower concentration. Although trolline had stronger cytotoxicity, it exhibited a potential effect of decreasing NO production induced by LPS in the non-toxic concentration range. In addition, all tested compounds decreased the production of IL-6 and TNF-a by almost 50% at both the higher and lower concentrations. It is concluded that the anti-inflammatory activity of the phenolic acids is stronger than that of the flavonoids.
|
['Alkaloids', 'Animals', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents', 'Apigenin', 'Cell Survival', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Flavonoids', 'Flowers', 'Glucosides', 'Mice', 'Plant Extracts', 'RAW 264.7 Cells', 'Ranunculaceae', 'Vanillic Acid']
| 30,150,194
|
[['D03.132'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.158'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.260.110', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.260.110'], ['G04.346'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450'], ['A18.024.249.500'], ['D09.408.348'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['A11.251.210.172.875', 'A11.733.397.815'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.836.750'], ['D02.241.223.100.300.350.875', 'D02.241.511.390.350.875', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.281.350.875', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.654.638.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Histological and ultrastructural studies of rats exposed to carbaryl.
|
The aim of the study was to assess the general toxic effects of dermally applied carbaryl, based on histological and ultrastructural examinations of internal organs and to relate these effects to earlier own studies where 14C carbaryl was used for determining the pesticide penetration. The pesticide was applied in doses of 1/5 and 1/10 LD50, administered to the tail skin of male Wistar rats 4 hours daily, for 4 weeks except Saturdays and Sundays. After the experiment, the animals were anaesthetized and the following organs were taken for histological study: brain, lung, heart, liver, kidney, skin from the site of exposure and skin from a place at least 2 cm distant from the exposure site. Lung, liver, kidney, heart and skin were used for ultrastructural studies. Dermal application of carbaryl resulted only in slight histological changes in skin, liver, brain and lung. Even in brain and liver, where large amounts of 14C carbaryl, compared to other organs (lung, kidney, heart), where the intensity of histologic changes was earlier stated to below. Ultrastructural changes were observed in skin, liver, lung, heart and kidney.
|
['Administration, Cutaneous', 'Animals', 'Carbaryl', 'Carbon Isotopes', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Insecticides', 'Kidney', 'Lethal Dose 50', 'Liver', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Myocardium', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Skin', 'Skin Absorption']
| 11,748,870
|
[['E02.319.267.120.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.241.081.251.150', 'D02.455.426.559.847.638.162', 'D04.615.638.162'], ['D01.268.150.075', 'D01.496.123'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['D27.720.031.700.491', 'D27.888.723.491'], ['A05.810.453'], ['E05.940.402', 'G07.225.500', 'G07.690.773.875.750', 'G07.690.936.500.750'], ['A03.620'], ['A04.411'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['A17.815'], ['G03.015.500.750', 'G03.787.024.500.750', 'G07.690.725.015.500.750', 'G13.750.778']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Chronic Pulmonary Artery Embolization Models in Large Animals.
|
A wide range of approaches have been described to develop animal models of pulmonary vascular disease (PVD). Clinical heterogeneity in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) has prompted development of different techniques to create PH models in several animal species with the objective to recapitulate specific PH/PVD phenotypes. Chronic thromboembolic PH (CTEPH) is a clinically important phenotype of PH with a documented prevalence of 0.4-9.1% in patients with history of pulmonary embolism. A well-established large animal model of CTEPH is thus necessary for studying this disease in preclinical research. Different experimental protocols with inconsistent outcomes have been reported in the literature.We have focused on characterizing PH large animal models in a common framework; pulmonary hemodynamics, right ventricular (RV) function, and histological characterization of PVD. This research framework allows optimal evaluation of novel diagnostic tools, as well as new therapeutic strategies. The purpose of this protocol is to describe approaches to create experimental CTEPH models using recurrent pulmonary embolizations of dextran microspheres in swine. The key features of this experimental modeling approach are (1) nonsurgical, fully percutaneous techniques, (2) a minimum of four embolization procedures, with 1-2 month time period, (3) mild to moderate PH hemodynamics (mean PA pressure increase ~20-60%), (4) severe pulmonary vascular remodeling, (5) mild RV remodeling, and (6) a high reproducibility and low mortality (<10%).
|
['Animals', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Echocardiography', 'Hemodynamics', 'Hypertension, Pulmonary', 'Pulmonary Embolism', 'Swine', 'Vascular Remodeling']
| 29,987,834
|
[['B01.050'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['G09.330.380'], ['C08.381.423', 'C14.907.489.556'], ['C08.381.746', 'C14.907.355.350.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['C23.300.977', 'C23.550.918', 'G09.330.930']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
New bis-catechols 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors.
|
Three polyhydroxy-2-phenylnaphthalenes (1-3) and the oxy analogue of tetrahydroxypavinan (4) were prepared and evaluated for their antioxidant properties (inhibition of diphenylpycrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), reduction of iron (III) ion) and inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) activity. Their three-dimensional structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic data and semiempirical calculations. Compounds 1 and 2 were found as potent 5-LO inhibitors as nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), whereas 4 is 2.5 times less potent than NDGA. The reliability of the 3-D structures with the 5-LO inhibition properties is discussed. Their antioxidant properties show that tested compounds are expected to act as redox inhibitors.
|
['Animals', 'Antioxidants', 'Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase', 'Bepridil', 'Biphenyl Compounds', 'Catechols', 'Indicators and Reagents', 'Iron', 'Kinetics', 'Lipoxygenase Inhibitors', 'Molecular Structure', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Picrates', 'Rats', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 11,249,115
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D08.811.682.690.416.583.500.055', 'D12.776.556.579.374.568.500.020'], ['D03.383.773.107'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.185'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.166'], ['D27.720.470.410'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D27.505.519.389.480'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.566.690', 'D02.640.743.690'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Breastfeeding and vitamin D status in Greece during the first 6 months of life.
|
UNLABELLED: Since no foods are vitamin D supplemented in Greece, vitamin D status was assessed in mothers at birth and their infants up to the first 6 months of life, while they were exclusively breast-fed. This was a prospective study. Full-terms (n =35) born during the summer-autumn months and their mothers were assigned to the summer group and the remainder (n =31) to the winter group. One week after birth, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) was significantly lower in the winter-born than in the summer-born neonates (6.7+/-0.7 vs. 10.1+/-0.9 ng/ml, P <0.01). The respective levels of parathyroid hormone (iPTH) were 64.9+/-13.4 and 33.9+/-4.4 pg/ml (P <0.01). The mothers had serum 25OHD levels of 10.8+/-1.0 ng/ml and iPTH levels of 15.2+/-3.5 pg/ml in the winter and 12.9+/-1.3 ng/ml and 24.8+/-4.8 pg/ml in the summer. During the 6-month follow-up, a steady increase in circulating 25OHD (up to 19.4+/-2.8 ng/ml, P <0.0001) and a decrease in iPTH (to 26.8+/-3.5 pg/ml, P =0.10) were observed in the infants born in the winter. In the summer-born infants, serum 25OHD did not change but iPTH had increased significantly by the 3rd month (59.4+/-21.8, P <0.05). Serum calcium (Ca) increased within normal limits during the study period in both groups. Serum phosphorus (Pi) started higher in the winter group (7.43+/-0.38 vs. 6.27+/-0.23 mg/dl, P <0.01) but thereafter, it was similar in both groups. Total alkaline phosphatase (ALP) increased in both groups during the study (164+/-15 vs. 219+/-17 IU/l, P <0.05 and 189+/-14 vs. 288+/-35 IU/l, P <0.001, respectively). Serum osteocalcin (OC) decreased in the winter-born neonates (32.0+/-3.4 vs. 21.5+/-3.4 ng/ml, P <0.05) and did not change in the summer group (28.9+/-3.5 vs. 26.5+/-2.8 ng/ml).CONCLUSION: Neonates who are breast-fed exclusively during the first 6 months of life are in need of vitamin D supplementation irrespective of the season even in a sunny country like Greece where foods are not supplemented.
|
['Adult', 'Breast Feeding', 'Female', 'Greece', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Prospective Studies', 'Reference Values', 'Seasons', 'Vitamin D', 'Vitamin D Deficiency']
| 16,143,866
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.407.199', 'G07.203.650.195', 'G07.203.650.220.500.500', 'G07.203.650.353.199'], ['Z01.542.383'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.978.810'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['D04.210.500.812.768'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.770']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Comparison of Doppler ultrasonography and high-definition oscillometry for blood pressure measurements in healthy awake dogs.
|
OBJECTIVE: To determine the intra- and interobserver variability of systolic arterial pressure (SAP) and diastolic arterial pressure (DAP) measurements obtained with 2 indirect methods in awake dogs and percentage of successful measurements.ANIMALS: 6 healthy conscious adult dogs.PROCEDURES: 4 observers with different levels of training measured SAP and DAP on 4 days by use of Doppler ultrasonography (DU) and high-definition oscillometry (HDO). The examinations were randomized. Measurements for each technique were recorded 5 consecutive times, and mean values (total, 720 measurements) were used for statistical analysis.RESULTS: All within- and between-day coefficients of variation (CVs) for SAP were < 15% irrespective of the observer or method (HDO, 3.6% to 14.1%; DU, 4.1% to 12.4%). Conversely, half the CVs for DAP were > 15% with the highest within- and between-day CVs obtained by the least experienced observer by use of DU (19.5% and 25.9%, respectively). All attempts with HDO were successful, whereas DAP could not be measured by use of DU by the least experienced observer in 17% of attempts.CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: SAP may be assessed in healthy dogs by use of DU and HDO with good repeatability and reproducibility after a short period of training. Conversely, the variability of DAP is higher and longer training is required to assess DAP via DU than via HDO.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Pressure', 'Blood Pressure Determination', 'Consciousness', 'Dogs', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Observer Variation', 'Oscillometry', 'Reference Values', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler']
| 20,594,078
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.370.140', 'E01.370.600.100'], ['F02.463.188.409', 'F02.830.233'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['E05.654'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.350.850.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Final results of randomized trials by the National Surgical Adjuvant Study of Colorectal Cancer (NSAS-CC).
|
OBJECTIVE: In the latter 1990s, adjuvant chemotherapy for completely resected Stage III colorectal cancer remained controversial in Japan. We conducted two independent randomized controlled trials in patients with Stage III colon and rectal cancer.METHODS: Patients were randomly assigned to receive surgery alone or surgery followed by treatment with UFT (400 mg/m²/day), given for five consecutive days per week for 1 year. The primary endpoint was relapse-free survival (RFS), and the secondary endpoint was overall survival (OS).RESULTS: A total of 334 patients with colon cancer and 276 with rectal cancer were enrolled. The patients' characteristics were similar between the UFT group and the Surgery-alone group. There was no significant difference in RFS or OS in colon cancer. In rectal cancer, however, RFS and OS were significantly better in the UFT group than in the Surgery-alone group. The only grade 4 toxicity in the UFT group was diarrhea, occurring in one patient with colon cancer and one patient with rectal cancer.CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with UFT is successfully tolerated and improves RFS and OS in patients with Stage III rectal cancer. In colon cancer, the expected benefits were not obtained (hazard ratio = 0.89).
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Chemotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Japan', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Rectal Neoplasms', 'Survival Rate', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 20,490,797
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['E02.186.170', 'E02.319.170'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['E02.186'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.625'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.790', 'C06.301.371.411.307.790', 'C06.405.249.411.307.790', 'C06.405.469.491.307.790', 'C06.405.469.860.180.500'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Breakfast Consumption, Family Breakfast, and Adiposity Trajectory in Adolescence-The Adolescent Nutritional Assessment Longitudinal Cohort Study.
|
BACKGROUND: The relationship between breakfast and family breakfast and adiposity gain during adolescence remains inconclusive.OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between breakfast and family breakfast frequency and adiposity trajectory in adolescence.DESIGN: Prospective cohort study with middle school students aged 10 to 16 years enrolled in 2010 (baseline) and followed for 3 years.PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: A total of 945 students from two public and four private schools in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro were included. Among 945 students, 809 participated in the study at baseline. Pregnant or lactating students and those with physical or mental disabilities were excluded.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Body mass index (BMI) was assessed by measuring the participants' weight and height, and percent body fat (%BF) was assessed by performing bioelectrical impedance analysis.STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED: Linear mixed-effect models were used to examine the relationship between baseline and persistence of breakfast consumption and family breakfast over a 3-year period and change in BMI and %BF. Breakfast and family breakfast were assessed by questions on frequency of consumption. Both variables were classified as regular, intermediate, and no consumption at baseline. Persistence was divided into persistently regular, persistently irregular, changing from regular to irregular, and contrariwise.RESULTS: Overall, frequent breakfast consumption and family breakfast did not have protective effects against adiposity. At baseline, these behaviors were associated with low BMI and %BF among girls. During follow-up, these behaviors and persistence of regular breakfast consumption were associated with an increase in %BF (P<0.05). In boys, those who increased or decreased family breakfast frequency had greater decrease in %BF compared with those persistently regular at both time points.CONCLUSION: Breakfast had no consistent relationship with adolescence adiposity trajectory, which is in line with the results of experimental studies and in contrast with those of many cross-sectional studies.
|
['Adiposity', 'Adolescent', 'Body Mass Index', 'Breakfast', 'Child', 'Family', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Nutrition Assessment', 'Pediatric Obesity', 'Prospective Studies']
| 30,745,069
|
[['E01.370.600.115.100.062.500', 'G02.111.130.134.500', 'G03.180.134.500', 'G07.100.049.134.500'], ['M01.060.057'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['G07.203.300.590.120', 'J02.500.590.120'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['E05.318.308.585', 'N05.715.360.300.560', 'N06.850.505.557', 'N06.850.520.308.585'], ['C18.654.726.500.720', 'C23.888.144.699.500.750', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Oral bisphosphonate use and risk of postmenopausal endometrial cancer.
|
PURPOSE: Bisphosphonates are common medications used for the treatment of osteoporosis and are also used to reduce metastases to bone in patients with cancer. Several studies, including the Women's Health Initiative (WHI), have found that use of bisphosphonates is associated with reduced risk of developing breast cancer, but less is known about associations with other common malignancies. This study was aimed at examining the effects of bisphosphonates on the risk of endometrial cancer.METHODS: We evaluated the relationship between use of oral bisphosphonates and endometrial cancer risk in a cohort of 89,918 postmenopausal women participating in the WHI. A detailed health interview was conducted at baseline, and bisphosphonate use was ascertained from an inventory of regularly used medications at baseline and over follow-up. All women had an intact uterus at the time of study entry.RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 12.5 years, 1,123 women were diagnosed with incident invasive endometrial cancer. Ever use of bisphosphonates was associated with reduced endometrial cancer risk (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.64 to 1.00; P = .05), with no interactions observed with age, body mass index, or indication for use.CONCLUSION: In this large prospective cohort of postmenopausal women, bisphosphonate use was associated with a statistically significant reduction in endometrial cancer risk.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Aged', 'Bone Density Conservation Agents', 'Diphosphonates', 'Endometrial Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Middle Aged', 'Postmenopause', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Time Factors', 'United States']
| 25,713,431
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.696.242'], ['D02.705.429.500'], ['C04.588.945.418.948.585', 'C13.351.500.852.762.200', 'C13.351.937.418.875.200'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G08.686.157.500.625', 'G08.686.841.249.500.625'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['G01.910.857'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Clinical and Economic Impact of Time From Admission for CSF Rhinorrhea to Surgical Repair.
|
BACKGROUND: If conservative management of CSF leak is unsuccessful, surgical repair is indicated for the prevention of severe complications such as meningitis. This study investigated the influence of surgical timing on clinical and economic outcomes.METHODS: Retrospective review of the National Inpatient Sample (2012) and the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2002-2011) for nonelective admissions with a principal diagnosis of CSF rhinorrhea treated with surgical repair of the meninges. Demographics and outcomes of patients undergoing meningeal repair for CSF rhinorrhea were analyzed. Cases were classified into four groups based on timing of surgical intervention: 1) performed on the day of admission (day 0), 2) performed between days 1 and 3, 3) performed between days 4 and 7, and 4) performed between days 8 and 14.RESULTS: A total of 1,088 emergent admissions were analyzed. On average, patients underwent surgical repair between the second and fourth day of admission. Lowest rates of meningitis were in patients treated on the day of admission (6.1%); those treated at 2 weeks had a 34.7% incidence. Multivariate analysis controlling for comorbidity burden, gender, and surgical timing found the highest odds of meningitis in patients treated with surgical repair during the second week of admission compared to repair on the day of admission (OR 8.2, P < .001). Length of stay (LOS) and hospital costs increased as time to repair increased.CONCLUSION: Multiple factors influence outcomes in patients with CSF rhinorrhea. Early surgical repair was significantly associated with decreased rates of meningitis, LOS, and hospital costs. Expedient treatment of patients admitted for CSF rhinorrhea may prove to be both a cost- and morbidity-saving measure.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2C Laryngoscope, 129:539-543, 2019.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Admission', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Time-to-Treatment', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 30,194,732
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.597.114.750', 'C10.900.300.109.750', 'C23.888.592.114.624', 'C23.888.852.834.500', 'C26.915.300.225.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.400.600', 'N02.421.585.400.600'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E02.760.928', 'N02.421.585.928'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
H-2 antigenicity of Leydig cells.
|
Partial absorption of oligospecific reagents by the particulate membrane fraction prepared from isolated interstitial cells grown in culture (the harvested cell population contained about 80% Leydig cells)suggests that membranes of Leydig cells carry antigenic specificities H-2K (11,25) and H-2D (4) but not antigens controlled by the I region. The results of absorption experiments have been confirmed by the methods at the level of individual cells; the native Leydig cells gave a positive reaction in the dye exclusion cytotoxic and immunofluorescent tests with he polyvalent regent B10D2 and B10 (directed against antigens of the regions H-2K through H-2I-E).
|
['Animals', 'Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic', 'Female', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'H-2 Antigens', 'Immunosorbent Techniques', 'Leydig Cells', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred Strains']
| 7,021,209
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.812.160', 'E05.200.812.160', 'E05.478.594.160', 'E05.940.245'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['D23.050.301.500.100.350', 'D23.050.301.500.400.199', 'D23.050.705.552.100.350', 'D23.050.705.552.410.199'], ['E05.478.566.380', 'E05.601.470.380'], ['A05.360.444.849.513', 'A06.300.312.782.513', 'A11.382.906', 'A11.436.513'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Clinical relevance of homocysteine levels in patients receiving coronary stenting for unstable angina.
|
BACKGROUND: We prospectively investigated whether plasma homocysteine (HCY) concentrations are related to target lesion revascularization (TLR) rates in patients with unstable angina undergoing stenting.METHODS: We enrolled 196 consecutive patients with at least one successful coronary stent implantation for unstable angina.RESULTS: The mean vessel diameter was 3.1 +/- 0.5 mm. At follow-up (17.8 +/- 7.5 months), patients with higher HCY levels (> 17 micromol/l, 4th quartile) had similar TLR rates to the rest of the sample (11.1 vs 13.2%, p = 0.90). On the other hand, high HCY levels did seem to be associated with higher total (13.3 vs 0.7%, p = 0.001) and cardiac (6.7 vs 0%, p = 0.01) mortality rates. At multivariate analysis, only target vessel diameter independently predicted TLR, while both HCY levels and target vessel size predicted late total mortality.CONCLUSIONS: At least in patients with a mean vessel diameter > 3 mm, HCY levels cannot be taken as a prognostic indicator of in-stent restenosis for patients with unstable angina. However, in spite of successful percutaneous revascularization, HCY values do seem to strongly influence late mortality.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Angina, Unstable', 'Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary', 'Biomarkers', 'Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation', 'C-Reactive Protein', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Coronary Artery Bypass', 'Coronary Stenosis', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Homocysteine', 'Humans', 'Italy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prospective Studies', 'Reoperation', 'Stents', 'Stroke Volume', 'Survival Analysis', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 15,119,501
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C14.280.647.187.150', 'C14.907.585.187.150', 'C23.888.592.612.233.500.150'], ['E02.148.050.060.100', 'E04.100.376.719.100', 'E04.100.814.529.124.060.100', 'E04.100.814.529.968.050', 'E04.502.382.124.060.100', 'E04.502.382.968.050', 'E04.928.220.520.100', 'E05.157.016.060.100'], ['D23.101'], ['E04.100.814.868.500', 'E04.650.200'], ['D12.776.034.145', 'D12.776.124.050.120', 'D12.776.124.486.157'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['E04.100.376.719.332', 'E04.100.814.868.750', 'E04.928.220.520.220'], ['C14.280.647.250.285', 'C14.907.585.250.285'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['D02.886.030.498', 'D12.125.166.498'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E04.690'], ['E07.695.750'], ['E01.370.370.380.150.700', 'G09.330.380.124.882'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Arterial vasodilating profile and biological effects of pinacidil in healthy volunteers.
|
1. The effects of pinacidil (25 mg, sustained release formulation) a) on systemic (arterial pressure, cardiac output) and regional (brachial and carotid arteries' diameters and flows) haemodynamics (pulsed Doppler techniques), b) on sympathetic (plasma noradrenaline) and renin-angiotensin (plasma renin activity) systems, and c) on atrial natriuretic factor have been investigated and compared with those of a placebo during the 12 h period following oral administration in a randomized, double-blind and cross-over study performed in six healthy volunteers. Simultaneously, the plasma levels of pinacidil and of its active metabolite, pinacidil N-oxide, were determined. 2. As compared with placebo, pinacidil decreased systemic vascular resistance and arterial blood pressure but cardiac output was not modified. 3. Pinacidil significantly increased brachial and carotid arteries' diameters (by 7 and 8% respectively) and flows (by 60 and 17% respectively) and decreased forearm vascular resistance (by 43%). Thus, pinacidil dilates both large and small arteries, increases large vessels' compliance and redistributes blood flow towards the muscular vascular bed. These effects peaked at 4 h and their duration at the brachial level was 8 h. 4. Pinacidil administration resulted in a stimulation of both sympathetic (increases in heart rate and plasma noradrenaline) and renin-angiotensin systems, and induced a transient increase in atrial natriuretic factor. 5. The duration of pinacidil haemodynamic effects at the brachial level is consistent with the pharmacokinetic data which show that pinacidil and pinacidil N-oxide plasma levels almost plateaued between 3 and 8, and 2 and 8 h respectively after oral administration of the sustained release formulation used.
|
['Adult', 'Arteries', 'Guanidines', 'Hemodynamics', 'Hormones', 'Humans', 'Pinacidil', 'Regional Blood Flow', 'Renin-Angiotensin System', 'Sympathetic Nervous System', 'Vasodilation']
| 2,015,168
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A07.015.114'], ['D02.078.370'], ['G09.330.380'], ['D06.472', 'D27.505.696.399.472'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.078.370.729'], ['G09.330.100.780'], ['G03.820', 'G09.330.380.813'], ['A08.800.050.800'], ['G09.330.380.928']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Radiation sensitivity of megakaryocyte colony-forming cells in human placental and umbilical cord blood.
|
The in vitro radiation sensitivity of CFU-Meg isolated from human placental and umbilical cord blood was evaluated in plasma clot cultures stimulated by recombinant human cytokines, including thrombopoietin, the FLT3 ligand (FLT3LG), interleukin-3, interleukin-11 and stem cell factor. The CD34(+) cells were irradiated with X rays at a dose rate of 73 cGy/ min. The megakaryocyte colonies were identified by using an FITC-conjugated antibody to glycoprotein IIbIIIa and were classified into two groups based on colony size: large colonies (immature CFU-Meg) and small colonies (mature CFU-Meg). Treatment with thrombopoietin alone or in combination with FLT3LG and/or interleukin-11 gave exponential radiation survival curves (D(0) for immature CFU-Meg = 56-77 cGy, D(0) for mature CFU-Meg = 86 cGy-1.12 Gy), while marked shoulders were observed on the survival curves for colonies supported by the combination of thrombopoietin, interleukin-3 and stem cell factor (D(0) for immature CFU-Meg = 89- 98 cGy; D(0) for mature CFU-Meg = 1. 25-1.31 Gy). Our results showed that the immature CFU-Meg were more radiosensitive than the mature CFU-Meg and that the combination of cytokines, including thrombopoietin, interleukin-3 and stem cell factor, affected the radiation sensitivity of CFU-Meg to the same extent as with thrombopoietin alone or in combination with FLT3LG and/or interleukin-11.
|
['Antigens, CD34', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Survival', 'Cytokines', 'Fetal Blood', 'Humans', 'Megakaryocytes', 'Placenta', 'Radiation Tolerance', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Thrombopoietin']
| 10,629,613
|
[['D23.050.301.264.035.134', 'D23.101.100.110.134'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['G04.346'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['A12.207.152.200', 'A15.145.300', 'A16.378.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.148.479', 'A15.378.316.479'], ['A16.710'], ['G04.712', 'G07.738'], ['D12.776.828'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.240.750', 'D12.776.395.240.750', 'D12.776.467.374.410.240.750', 'D23.529.374.410.240.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The matrix protein gene determines amantadine-sensitivity of influenza viruses.
|
The genetic composition of several recombinant strains, produced by mixed infection with an amantadine-sensitive and an amantadine-resistant influenza virus, have been compared with their response to amantadine. It is concluded that transfer of resistance or sensitivity to amantadine is determined by a single gene, that coding for the matrix protein.
|
['Amantadine', 'Drug Resistance, Microbial', 'Genes, Viral', 'Influenza A virus', 'Recombination, Genetic', 'Viral Proteins']
| 759,556
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Patterns of population subdivision, gene flow and genetic variability in the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus).
|
African wild dogs are large, highly mobile carnivores that are known to disperse over considerable distances and are rare throughout much of their geographical range. Consequently, genetic variation within and differentiation between geographically separated populations is predicted to be minimal. We determined the genetic diversity of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region sequences and microsatellite loci in seven populations of African wild dogs. Analysis of mtDNA nucleotide diversity suggests that, historically, wild dog populations have been small relative to other large carnivores. However, population declines due to recent habitat loss have not caused a dramatic reduction in genetic diversity. We found one historical and eight recent mtDNA genotypes in 280 individuals that defined two highly divergent clades. In contrast to a previous, more limited, mtDNA analysis, sequences from these clades are not geographically restricted to eastern or southern African populations. Rather, we found a large admixture zone spanning populations from Botswana, Zimbabwe and south-eastern Tanzania. Mitochondrial and microsatellite differentiation between populations was significant and unique mtDNA genotypes and alleles characterized the populations. However, gene flow estimates (Nm) based on microsatellite data were generally greater than one migrant per generation. In contrast, gene flow estimates based on the mtDNA control region were lower than expected given differences in the mode of inheritance of mitochondrial and nuclear markers which suggests a male bias in long-distance dispersal.
|
['Africa', 'Animals', 'Animals, Wild', 'Carnivora', 'DNA, Mitochondrial', 'Ecology', 'Female', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genetic Variation', 'Genetics, Population', 'Locus Control Region', 'Male', 'Microsatellite Repeats', 'Phylogeny']
| 11,472,538
|
[['Z01.058'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750'], ['D13.444.308.283.225'], ['H01.158.273.248', 'H01.277.249'], ['G05.330'], ['G05.365'], ['H01.158.273.343.335'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.450', 'G05.360.080.689.450', 'G05.360.340.024.380.249'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.340.024.850.500'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Alterations in average spectrum of cochleoneural activity by long-term salicylate treatment in the guinea pig: a plausible index of tinnitus.
|
Salicylate, one of the most widely used drugs, produces at repetitive high doses reversible tinnitus and hearing loss. Neural correlates of hearing loss have long been established, whereas they remain elusive for tinnitus. The average spectrum of electrophysiological cochleoneural activity (ASECA), a measure of spontaneous auditory nerve activity, was monitored in guinea pigs over weeks of salicylate administration. Auditory nerve compound action potential (CAP) was also recorded to monitor acoustic sensitivity. In the first days of treatment, ASECA decreased acutely during hours after salicylate administration; after several days this decrease could be reduced. Over weeks of treatment the level of ASECA increased progressively. No change in CAP threshold was observed. The ASECA decrease induced by a contralateral broadband noise remained unchanged. At the end of treatment, acoustic tuning of ASECA showed a partially decreased sensitivity. After cessation of treatment the ASECA level returned progressively to initial values. In control animals delivery of an ipsilateral acoustic noise could reproduce the ASECA increase observed in long-term salicylate-treated animals. This white noise was of moderate sound pressure level and it elevated slightly CAP thresholds at high frequencies. These data provide evidence for salicylate-induced ASECA alterations without changes in CAP thresholds, in accord with clinical reports of tinnitus being the first subjective sign of salicylate ototoxicity. The similarities in occurrence, development, reversibility, frequency content, and acoustic level support the idea that ASECA changes, which indicates alterations of spontaneous eighth nerve activity and reflects the presence of salicylate-induced high-pitch tinnitus.
|
['Acoustic Stimulation', 'Action Potentials', 'Animals', 'Cochlear Nerve', 'Electrophysiology', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Lidocaine', 'Salicylates', 'Time Factors', 'Tinnitus']
| 9,772,265
|
[['E02.037', 'E02.190.888.030', 'E05.723.136'], ['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.800.800.120.910.120'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['D02.065.199.092.500', 'D02.092.146.113.092.500'], ['D02.241.223.100.300.595', 'D02.241.511.390.595', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.281.595', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.595'], ['G01.910.857'], ['C09.218.458.670', 'C10.597.751.418.670', 'C23.888.592.763.393.670']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Role of the cytoplasmic tail domains of Bunyamwera orthobunyavirus glycoproteins Gn and Gc in virus assembly and morphogenesis.
|
The M RNA genome segment of Bunyamwera virus (BUNV), the prototype of the Bunyaviridae family, encodes a precursor polyprotein that is proteolytically cleaved to yield two structural proteins, Gn and Gc, and a nonstructural protein called NSm. Gn and Gc are type I integral transmembrane glycoproteins. The Gn protein contains a predicted cytoplasmic tail (CT) of 78 residues, and Gc has a shorter CT of 25 residues. Little is known about the role of the Gn and Gc CT domains in the virus replication cycle. We generated a series of mutant glycoprotein precursor constructs containing either deletions or alanine substitutions in the CT domains of Gn and Gc. We examined the effects of these mutations on glycoprotein maturation, cell surface expression, and low pH-induced syncytium formation. In addition, the effects of these mutations were also assessed using a reverse genetics-based virus assembly assay and a virus rescue system. Our results show that the CT domains of both Gn and Gc play crucial roles in BUNV-mediated membrane fusion, virus assembly, and morphogenesis.
|
['Amino Acid Substitution', 'Animals', 'Bunyamwera virus', 'Chlorocebus aethiops', 'Cricetinae', 'Giant Cells', 'Glycoproteins', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Protein Precursors', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Vero Cells', 'Viral Structural Proteins', 'Virus Assembly']
| 17,609,275
|
[['E05.393.420.601.035', 'G05.558.109'], ['B01.050'], ['B04.820.480.750.640.147'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.126.110'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['A11.500'], ['D09.400.430', 'D12.776.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['D12.776.811'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['A11.251.210.955', 'A11.436.955'], ['D12.776.964.970'], ['G06.920.925.950']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sensitive quantitation of carcinoembryonic antigen in cerebrospinal fluid and its barrier-dependent differentiation.
|
Modification of an enzyme immunoassay using beads as solid phase allows the detection of 3 pg/ml carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The beads are shown to be advantageous for the extraction of proteins in highly diluted antigen solutions thus replacing a need for concentration of the sample. The mean concentration of CEA in pooled cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 120 control persons was shown to be 2.7 pg/ml. The mean of the CSF/serum concentration quotients of CEA was 0.0015 for normal blood CSF barrier function with a corresponding mean albumin CSF/serum quotient of 0.0048. From the ratio of these two quotients (QCEA/QA = 0.31) and the corresponding biological variation we constructed the normal range of an evaluation graph. In the range of a blood CSF barrier dysfunction, the discrimination line between values with or without a local CEA synthesis in brain was determined to be QCEA = 0.7 QA. Twenty-five out of 383 control persons and 29 out of 45 patients with a tumor metastasis had evaluable quotients. The evaluation graph had a high significance with respect to the identification of tumor metastasis: from a group of patients with a confirmed leptomeningeal metastasis 13 out of 13 and from a group of patients with intraparenchymatous tumor metastasis 10 out of 16 could be identified by CSF analysis. The CEA CSF/serum concentration quotient fits well in the concept of a molecular size-dependent filter function of the blood CSF barrier.
|
['Blood-Brain Barrier', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Carcinoembryonic Antigen', 'Humans', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Neoplasms', 'Reference Values']
| 3,521,950
|
[['A07.035', 'A08.186.211.035'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.210', 'D12.776.543.550.200.210', 'D23.050.285.329', 'D23.050.301.350.210', 'D23.101.140.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['C04'], ['E05.978.810']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Stimulatory lipids accumulate in the mouse liver within 30 min of contact sensitization to facilitate the activation of Na?ve iNKT cells in a CD1d-dependent fashion.
|
Natural killer T cells with invariant áâ-T cell receptors (TCRs) (iNKT cells) constitute a lipid-responsive arm of the innate immune system that has been implicated in the regulation or promotion of various immune, infectious and neoplastic processes. Contact sensitivity (CS), also known as contact hypersensitivity or allergic contact dermatitis, is one such immune process that begins with topical sensitization to an allergen and culminates in a localized cutaneous inflammatory response after challenge with the same allergen. CS depends on events initiated early in sensitization by hepatic iNKT cells. We have shown previously that these iNKT cells release IL-4 early after skin sensitization to activate B-1 B cells to produce IgM antibodies that aid in local recruitment of the effector T cells. Here, we utilize adoptive transfer techniques in several strains of knockout mice to demonstrate that hepatic lipids isolated 30 min after sensitization are significantly more stimulatory to na?ve hepatic iNKT cells than hepatic lipids isolated after sham sensitization. These stimulatory hepatic lipids specifically affect iNKT cells and not B-1 B cells. The downstream CS response is abrogated with anti-CD1d-blocking antibodies, suggesting a critical role of CD1d in the activation of hepatic iNKT cells with these lipids. Hepatocytes may not be essential, as donor hepatic iNKT cells can reconstitute CS without migrating to the recipient mouse liver. Rather, CD1d-expressing liver mononuclear cells are sufficient for activation of iNKT cells. In conclusion, stimulatory lipids accumulate in the liver soon after sensitization and facilitate iNKT cell activation in a CD1d-dependent yet potentially hepatocyte-independent manner.
|
['Adoptive Transfer', 'Animals', 'Antigens, CD1d', 'Dermatitis, Contact', 'Hepatocytes', 'Lipids', 'Liver', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Natural Killer T-Cells']
| 21,352,253
|
[['E02.095.465.425.400.330.050', 'E05.478.550.520.050'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.050.301.264.035.100.500', 'D23.050.301.264.894.080.500', 'D23.101.100.110.100.500', 'D23.101.100.894.080.500'], ['C17.800.174.255', 'C17.800.815.255'], ['A11.436.348'], ['D10'], ['A03.620'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.290', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.360', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.470']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Surface activity and redox behavior of a non-ionic surfactant containing a phenothiazine group.
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A novel non-ionic surfactant, alpha-(phenothiazinylhexyl)-omega-hydroxy-oligo(ethylene oxide) (PCPEG) containing phenothiazine as an electro-active group has been synthesized. Fundamental interfacial behavior of the surfactant at the air/water interface has been investigated by means of surface tensiometry to provide an insight into the relationship between the structure of the hydrophobic moiety and the surfactant properties. A comparison of diffusivity of PCPEG in the aqueous phase with that in the acetonitrile solution at high PCPEG concentrations shows that micellization has a pronounced effect on the redox behavior of PCPEG. The electrochemical responses for PCPEG aqueous solutions at the interface of a glassy carbon electrode are fairly dependent on the concentration of PCPEG. Above CMC, PCPEG molecules self-associate to form micellar aggregates and the formation and disruption of micelles can be reversibly controlled by change in the redox state of the phenothiazine group. The cyclic voltammetric responses for PCPEG aqueous solutions have been correlated with the dissolved states to explain the distinctive feature of the surfactant.
|
['Adsorption', 'Electrochemistry', 'Micelles', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Phenothiazines', 'Surface Properties', 'Surface-Active Agents']
| 15,542,320
|
[['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['H01.181.529.307'], ['D05.374', 'D26.255.560'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D02.886.369', 'D03.633.300.783'], ['G02.860'], ['D27.720.877']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Staining of neuroendocrine cells by Linder's argyrophil method.
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Linder's argyrophil method, recently developed to stain nervous structures, is useful in the histochemical study of amine- and/or peptide-producing neuroendocrine (APUD) cells. On sections from various organs of four animal species Linder's method worked well and rapidly stained the neuroendocrine cells yellow, red or black; it stained black nervous structures against a pale yellow background. Double staining of single sections from Bouin-fixed gastric mucosa of rabbits demonstrated the correspondence of both Linder- and Grimelius-positive cells. Rapidity of application, intensity of impregnation and reproducibility in results are the best features of Linder's method when applied to the study of the neuroendocrine system.
|
['Animals', 'Coturnix', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Neurosecretory Systems', 'Quail', 'Rabbits', 'Sheep', 'Staining and Labeling']
| 2,461,924
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.650.350'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['A06.688', 'A08.713'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670', 'E05.200.500.620.670', 'E05.200.750.600.670']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Transformative Two-Dimensional Array Configurations by Geometrical Shape-Shifting Protein Microstructures.
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Two-dimensional (2D) geometrical shape-shifting is prevalent in nature, but remains challenging in man-made "smart" materials, which are typically limited to single-direction responses. Here, we fabricate geometrical shape-shifting bovine serum albumin (BSA) microstructures to achieve circle-to-polygon and polygon-to-circle geometrical transformations. In addition, transformative two-dimensional microstructure arrays are demonstrated by the ensemble of these responsive microstructures to confer structure-to-function properties. The design strategy of our geometrical shape-shifting microstructures focuses on embedding precisely positioned rigid skeletal frames within responsive BSA matrices to direct their anisotropic swelling under pH stimulus. This is achieved using layer-by-layer two photon lithography, which is a direct laser writing technique capable of rendering spatial resolution in the sub-micrometer length scale. By controlling the shape, orientation and number of the embedded skeletal frames, we have demonstrated well-defined arc-to-corner and corner-to-arc transformations, which are essential for dynamic circle-to-polygon and polygon-to-circle shape-shifting, respectively. We further fabricate our shape-shifting microstructures in periodic arrays to experimentally demonstrate the first transformative 2D patterned arrays. Such versatile array configuration transformations give rise to structure-to-physical properties, including array porosity and pore shape, which are crucial for the development of on-demand multifunctional "smart" materials, especially in the field of photonics and microfluidics.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Cross-Linking Reagents', 'Equipment Design', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Microfluidics', 'Microtechnology', 'Serum Albumin, Bovine']
| 26,372,201
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D27.720.470.410.210'], ['E05.320'], ['G02.300'], ['E05.830.666', 'H01.671.808.500', 'J01.897.520.500.500'], ['H01.570', 'J01.897.520.500'], ['D12.776.034.841.540', 'D12.776.124.727.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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