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Esophageal cancer developed after gastrectomy.
|
Between 1965 and 1983 we treated 129 patients with primary esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Of these patients, 12 (9.3%) had previously undergone partial gastrectomy and six manifested tumors in the lower thoracic esophagus. Esophagitis of the noncancerous esophageal mucosa surrounding the cancer was confirmed in three of five patients who underwent esophagectomy. We also retrospectively evaluated 130 patients with esophageal cancer who had undergone gastrectomy, including our 12 patients, reported in the Japanese literature between the same period. Between patients with esophageal cancer who had undergone gastrectomy and those who had not there was no age difference; there were more men in the first group. Cancer developed in the lower thoracic esophagus with relatively high frequency in patients who had undergone gastrectomy compared with those who had not. The possibility of an association between gastrectomy and the subsequent development of esophageal cancer, especially lower thoracic esophageal cancer, cannot be ruled out. Further studies are necessary to clarify a possible association.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Esophageal Neoplasms', 'Gastrectomy', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nutritional Physiological Phenomena', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk', 'Time Factors']
| 3,942,003
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['C04.588.274.476.205', 'C04.588.443.353', 'C06.301.371.205', 'C06.405.117.430', 'C06.405.249.205'], ['E04.210.419'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G07.203.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
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|
Predictors of event-free survival after percutaneous mitral commissurotomy.
|
OBJECTIVE: To assess the long term functional result after percutaneous mitral commissurotomy and identify the predictors of event-free survival following 10 years of experience.DESIGN: Analysis of clinical, echocardiographic, and haemodynamic variables at baseline and after the procedure by univariate and multivariate analyses (Cox model).SETTING: University hospital.PATIENTS: 532 consecutive patients receiving percutaneous mitral commissurotomy in the same institution.RESULTS: The mean (SD) follow up was 3.8 (4.0) years. Survival at 3, 5, and 7.5 years was 94%, 91%, and 83%, respectively; event-free survival was 84%, 74%, and 52%. Mitral valve anatomy was identified as the strongest independent predictor of event-free survival. Age, cardiothoracic ratio, mean pulmonary artery pressure, and mean echocardiographic mitral gradient after commissurotomy were also found to be independent predictors of long term functional results. Event-free survival was 92%, 84%, and 70% at 3, 5, and 7.5 years in patients with favourable anatomy (echo score = 1), 86%, 73%, and 34% in patients with intermediate anatomy (echo score = 2), and 45%, 25%, and 16% in patients with unfavourable anatomy (echo score = 3). In patients aged < or = 65 years, the event-free survival rate was 80%, 70%, and 45% at 3, 5, and 7.5 years v 52%, 38%, and 17% in patients aged > 65 years.CONCLUSIONS: The anatomical form of the mitral valve and the patient's age were the most powerful predictors of event-free survival. Patients with intermediate or unfavourable anatomy and those aged > 65 years have low 5 and 7.5 year event-free survival rates. This must be taken into account when discussing the indications for percutaneous mitral commissurotomy; immediate mitral valve replacement is a reasonable alternative to balloon mitral commissurotomy in patients with higher risk of functional deterioration after the procedure.
|
['Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Catheterization', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mitral Valve', 'Mitral Valve Stenosis', 'Risk Factors', 'Survival Rate']
| 9,875,112
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['E02.148', 'E05.157'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A07.541.510.507'], ['C14.280.484.517'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
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SecB binds only to a late native-like intermediate in the folding pathway of barstar and not to the unfolded state.
|
SecB is a cytosolic, tetrameric chaperone of Escherichia coli which maintains precursor proteins in a translocation competent state. We have investigated the effect of SecB on the refolding kinetics of the small protein barstar in 1 M guanidine hydrochloride at pH 7.0 and 25 degreesC using fluorescence spectroscopy. We show that SecB does not bind either the native or the unfolded states of barstar but binds to a late near-native intermediate along the folding pathway. For barstar, polypeptide collapse and formation of a hydrophobic surface are required for binding to SecB. SecB does not change the apparent rate constant of barstar refolding. The kinetic data for SecB binding to barstar are not consistent with simple kinetic partitioning models.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Escherichia coli', 'Guanidine', 'Kinetics', 'Molecular Chaperones', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Denaturation', 'Protein Folding', 'Ribonucleases', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Thermodynamics']
| 9,772,175
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D02.078.370.472'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D12.776.580'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G01.154.651.750.500', 'G02.111.688.750.500'], ['G01.154.651', 'G02.111.688'], ['D08.811.277.352.700'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['G01.906']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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| 0
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MISET: an immunological technique for the serodiagnosis of Cryptobia salmositica (Sarcomastigophora: Kinetoplastida) infection in Oncorhynchus mykiss.
|
A serodiagnostic technique, microscopic immuno-substrate-enzyme technique (MISET), is described using the Cryptobia-Oncorhynchus mykiss system. The reactions of specific antibodies, phosphatase-labeled antibody, and substrate with subsequent color development on the parasite (cell membrane, flagella, kinetoplast, and nucleus) are observed using light microscopy. Using this technique, humoral response to Cryptobia salmositica was detected in 2 of 10 O. mykiss 7 days after infection. Subsequently, antibodies were detected in all 10 infected fish. Parasites cultured in minimum essential medium or from experimentally infected pink salmon, Oncorhynchus gobuscha, worked equally well. Antibodies eluted from antisera or whole blood dried on filter paper (stored at -20 C) gave similar reactions as those from antisera stored in containers. MISET is at least as sensitive as the indirect fluorescent antibody technique. When MISET is modified and adapted for other parasitic diseases (e.g., for those of medical and or of economic importance), it may be useful especially in smaller centers or in developing countries where equipment cost, maintenance of equipment, operating costs, and well trained personnel are important considerations. Because MISET worked with dried whole blood or serum on filter paper it may also be a useful field technique for large scale seroepidemiological surveys.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Protozoan', 'Eukaryota', 'Fish Diseases', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Protozoan Infections', 'Protozoan Infections, Animal', 'Salmon', 'Trout']
| 2,191,102
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.252', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.252', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.252'], ['B01'], ['C22.362'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['C01.610.752'], ['C01.610.701.688', 'C01.610.752.625', 'C22.674.710'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.817.750.705'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.817.750.825']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Early pregnancy blood lead levels and the risk of premature rupture of the membranes.
|
To clarify the effects of lead on fetal premature rupture of the membranes (PROM), blood lead concentrations were measured using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry in 332 women, aged 16-35 years, during their early pregnancy period (8-12 weeks). Blood lead concentrations were significantly higher in the 36 PROM deliveries than in the 296 non-PROM deliveries (mean ± SD, 4.61 ± 2.37 and 3.69 ± 1.85 ìg/dl, respectively; p<0.05). The logistic regression analysis revealed that a 1-unit increase in the logarithm of the blood lead level led to a several-fold increase in the risk of PROM (unit risk=17.98, 95% CI 1.6-198.6). Thus, it is suggested that lead can increase the risk of PROM in pregnant women with mean blood lead less than 5 ìg/dl.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Environmental Pollutants', 'Female', 'Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture', 'Humans', 'Lead', 'Logistic Models', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Trimester, First', 'Risk Factors', 'Spectrophotometry, Atomic', 'Young Adult']
| 20,576,532
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['D27.888.284'], ['C13.703.420.339'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.556.435', 'D01.552.544.435'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.707.408'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.196.712.726.551', 'E05.196.867.826.551'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Effects of cromolyn sodium on intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting PAR-2 expression in rats].
|
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of cromolyn sodium (CS) on intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IIR) and its relationship with mast cell activation and protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR-2) expression.METHODS: A total of 32 SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham-operated (S), intestinal ischemia reperfusion (IIR), CS (a mast cell stabilizer, CS, 25 mg/kg) and compound 48/80 (a mast cell degranulation, CP, 0.75 mg/kg) (n = 8 each). IIR was induced by clamping superior mesenteric artery for 75 min followed by reperfusion for 3 hours. The above agents were intravenously administrated at 5 min pre-reperfusion. Rats were then sacrificed and intestinal issues harvested for histological examinations. The tryptase expression and mast cell count were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. PAR-2 was analyzed by Western blot.RESULTS: The Chiu's score (0.75 ± 0.21), mast cell count (10 ± 3), tryptase expression (125 ± 15) and PAR-2 expression (109 ± 10) of group S were the least while those of group CP the most (all P < 0.05). The Chiu's score (2.14 ± 0.64), mast cell count (15 ± 4), tryptase expression (138 ± 17) and PAR-2 expression (124 ± 12) of group CS were less than those of groups IIR and CP (all P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Cromolyn sodium may reduce IIR injury by stabilizing mast cell membrane and inhibiting the expressions of tryptase and PAR-2.
|
['Animals', 'Cromolyn Sodium', 'Female', 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'Intestines', 'Male', 'Mast Cells', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptor, PAR-2', 'Reperfusion Injury']
| 23,290,058
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.300', 'D03.633.100.150.266.300'], ['A03.556.124.369', 'A10.615.550.444'], ['A03.556.124'], ['A11.329.427', 'A15.382.652'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.035', 'D12.776.543.750.792.249'], ['C14.907.725', 'C23.550.767.877']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A proposed evaluation of a primary health care approach to control schistosomiasis in Zimbabwe.
|
Zimbabwe has undertaken a national control programme for schistosomiasis. Targets have been set for the next five year period and implementation of the programme will be through the primary health care system. Improved water supplies and sanitation are seen as a major part of the programme which will be supplemented by chemotherapy. A pilot programme is underway to provide information on various aspects of implementation and evaluation for incorporation into the national programme. Evaluation of the pilot programme and a proposed evaluation for the national programme are discussed.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Animals', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Community Health Workers', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Education as Topic', 'Primary Health Care', 'Sanitation', 'Schistosomiasis haematobia', 'Schistosomiasis mansoni', 'Snails', 'Water Supply', 'Zimbabwe']
| 3,092,333
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['M01.526.485.067.080', 'N02.360.067.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I02.233.332.500', 'N02.421.726.407.680'], ['N04.590.233.727'], ['H02.229.782', 'N06.850.780.200.800', 'N06.850.860'], ['C01.610.335.865.859.427', 'C01.915.775', 'C01.920.922.427', 'C12.777.892.775', 'C13.351.968.892.775'], ['C01.610.335.865.859.576', 'C01.920.922.576'], ['B01.050.500.644.400.750'], ['J01.293.821.500'], ['Z01.058.290.175.960']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Genomics and microarray for detection and diagnostics.
|
Genomics provided biomedical scientists an inventory of all genes and sequences present in a living being. This provides an unique opportunity to the scientists to predict and study biological functions of these genes. The changes in the gene expression regulated by genomic sequences therefore reflect changes in the molecular processes working in a cell or tissue in response to external factors including exposure to toxic compounds and pathogens. Microarray offers a biotechnological revolution with the help of DNA chemistry, silicon chip technology and optics to be used to monitor gene expression for thousands of genes in one single experiment. Briefly, 20,000 to 100,000 unique DNA molecules get applied by a robot to the surface of silicon wafers (approximately the size of a microscope slide). Using a single microarray experiment, the expression level of 20,000 to 100,000 genes will be examined in one single experiment. Genomics and microarray have a significant role and impact on the design and development of modern detection and diagnostic tools in several different ways. Microarray tools are now used on regular basis for monitoring gene expression of large number of genes and also frequently applied to DNA sequence analysis, immunology, genotyping, and molecular diagnosing. For diagnostics, these tools can be used to distinguish and differentiate between different DNA fragments that differ by as little as a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). These microarrays can be divided based on the gene density spots that will be high density (>10,000 spots) per slide, medium (< 1000 > 100) and low density (< 100). High-density arrays have proven to be very useful in disease diagnosis especially in diagnosis and classification of different types of cancers. These microarray tools hold tremendous potential for pathogen detection, which will be comprised, of unique sets of genes (also referred to as "signatures") able to unambiguously identify the species and strain of pathogens of interest.
|
['Drug Design', 'Genomics', 'Humans', 'Microarray Analysis', 'Neoplasms']
| 15,704,334
|
[['E05.290.500', 'H01.158.703.007.338.500', 'H01.181.466.338.500'], ['H01.158.273.180.350', 'H01.158.273.343.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.588.570'], ['C04']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A 30 kDa functional size for the erythrocyte water channel determined in situ by radiation inactivation.
|
The functional unit size of the water channel in rabbit erythrocytes was assessed using target size analysis following radiation inactivation. Using Radiochromic nylon dosimetry, accurate values of accumulated dose yielded an absolute target analysis, leading to direct determination of molecular size. The erythrocyte water channel functional size was shown to be 30 kDa, and is identical to the size found in rat renal proximal tubule brush border membranes (1), suggesting close homology of these two water channels. The result suggests that the 28 kDa channel-like intrinsic protein (CHIP28) recently isolated from human erythrocytes and proximal tubule (2), which is believed to form water channels of oligomeric construction may have a functional water channel activity in monomeric form.
|
['Acetylcholinesterase', 'Alkaline Phosphatase', 'Animals', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation', 'Erythrocyte Membrane', 'Ion Channels', 'Kidney Tubules, Proximal', 'Kinetics', 'Microvilli', 'Molecular Weight', 'Rabbits']
| 1,375,458
|
[['D08.811.277.352.100.170.176'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.035'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.799.513.500', 'G01.750.740.500', 'G04.712.500', 'G07.225', 'G07.738.500', 'N06.850.810.250.180'], ['A11.118.290.270', 'A11.284.149.356', 'A15.145.229.334.270'], ['D12.776.157.530.400', 'D12.776.543.550.450', 'D12.776.543.585.400'], ['A05.810.453.736.560.570'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['A11.284.180.565'], ['G02.494'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Disease severity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus correlates with an increased ratio of interleukin-10:interferon-gamma-secreting cells in the peripheral blood.
|
OBJECTIVE: To compare the phenotype and frequency of cells that actively secrete type 1 and type 2 cytokines in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients (n = 46), versus normal controls (n = 60).METHODS: ELISPOT analysis of freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).RESULTS: T cells were the major source of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, and interferon gamma (IFN gamma), whereas monocytes were the primary source of IL-6 and IL-10 in the PB of lupus patients. Significantly fewer PBMC spontaneously secreted IFN gamma and IL-2 (P > or = 0.03), while significantly more PBMC produced IL-6 and IL-10 (P < 0.001), in lupus patients versus controls. Disease severity in lupus patients correlated with an elevated ratio of IL-1O:IFN gamma-secreting cells (P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: SLE is characterized by an imbalance in the ratio of type 1:type 2 cytokine-secreting PBMC.
|
['Adult', 'Cytokines', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Immunophenotyping', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Interleukin-10', 'Interleukin-2', 'Interleukin-6', 'Leukocytes, Mononuclear', 'Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic', 'Macrophages', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Monocytes', 'Phytohemagglutinins', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 8,607,886
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['E01.370.225.812.447', 'E05.200.812.447', 'E05.478.594.450'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.510', 'D12.776.467.374.465.510', 'D23.529.374.465.510'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.021', 'D12.644.276.374.480.372', 'D12.776.467.374.465.021', 'D12.776.467.374.480.372', 'D23.529.374.465.155', 'D23.529.374.480.372'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['A11.118.637.555', 'A15.145.229.637.555', 'A15.382.490.555'], ['C17.300.480', 'C20.111.590'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['D12.776.395.560.825', 'D12.776.503.499.750', 'D12.776.765.678.750'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Partitioning of exhaled NO in ventilated patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
|
The change in exhaled NO after cardio-pulmonary bypass remains controversial. The aims were to determine whether exhaled NO sources (alveolar or bronchial) are modified after bypass, and whether mechanical ventilation (MV) settings during bypass modify exhaled NO changes. Thirty-two patients were divided into three groups: without MV during bypass and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) (n=12), dead space MV without PEEP (n=10) and dead space MV with PEEP (n=10). Alveolar NO concentration and bronchial NO flux were calculated before and 1h after surgery using a two-compartment model of NO exchange developed in spontaneous breathing patients. Whereas a significant decrease in bronchial NO was found after bypass in the two groups without PEEP during bypass, this decrease was not observed in patients with dead space ventilation with PEEP. Alveolar NO was not significantly modified whatever the ventilation settings. In conclusion, the impairment of bronchial NO seemed related to airway closure since dead space mechanical ventilation with PEEP prevented its decrease.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Biomarkers', 'Bronchi', 'Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Cardiopulmonary Bypass', 'Exhalation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lung Injury', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Positive-Pressure Respiration', 'Pulmonary Alveoli', 'Respiration, Artificial', 'Respiratory Dead Space']
| 20,219,698
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D23.101'], ['A04.411.125'], ['E04.100.376', 'E04.928.220'], ['E04.292.413'], ['G09.772.705.700.275'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381.520', 'C26.891.554'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['E02.041.625.790', 'E02.880.820.790'], ['A04.411.715'], ['E02.041.625', 'E02.365.647.729', 'E02.880.820'], ['G09.772.760']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Diagnosis and subclassification of lymphomas and non-neoplastic lesions involving mediastinal lymph nodes using endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration.
|
INTRODUCTION: The value of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) has been established for staging mediastinal lymph nodes in lung carcinoma patients with radiologically enlarged lymph nodes, but its utility for evaluation of primary lymph node disorders is not well defined. The objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of EBUS-TBNA with on-site assessment and triage of sample for multiple ancillary techniques, for the diagnosis and subclassification of lymphomas and non-neoplastic lesions involving mediastinal lymph nodes.METHODS: One hundred and twenty consecutive patients who underwent EBUS-TBNA between January 2008 and August 2009 were reviewed. The final cytological diagnosis was based on air-dried Romanowsky and alcohol-fixed Papanicolaou stained direct smears, immunohistochemistry, immunophenotyping, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).RESULTS: A total of 38 cases were included in this study consisting of eight reactive lymphoid hyperplasia, 20 granulomatous lymphadenitis (17 non-necrotizing and 3 necrotizing granulomatous inflammations), 3 Hodgkin lymphomas and 7 non-Hodgkin lymphomas (1 small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), 1 SLL with scattered Reed-Sternberg cells, 1 marginal zone lymphoma, and 4 large B cell lymphomas). Cultures performed in 13 cases were negative for AFB and fungi. Immunophenotyping and immunohistochemistry for MIB1 in six cases, and FISH in five cases provided necessary information for subclassification.CONCLUSIONS: EBUS-TBNA is a minimally invasive procedure which provides sufficient sample for definitive primary diagnosis and classification of malignant lymphoma and granulomatous inflammation in patients with mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Rapid on-site specimen assessment is invaluable for appropriate assignment of sample to ancillary studies.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration', 'Female', 'Granuloma', 'Hodgkin Disease', 'Humans', 'Immunophenotyping', 'Lymph Nodes', 'Lymphadenitis', 'Lymphatic Diseases', 'Lymphoma', 'Male', 'Mediastinum', 'Middle Aged', 'Young Adult']
| 21,630,485
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.171'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.119.500.500', 'E01.370.225.500.384.100.370.500', 'E01.370.225.998.054.119.500.500', 'E01.370.225.998.054.370.500', 'E01.370.350.850.855.500', 'E01.370.388.100.100.500.500', 'E01.370.388.100.370.500', 'E04.074.119.500.500', 'E04.074.370.500', 'E04.502.890.500', 'E05.200.500.384.100.119.500.500', 'E05.200.500.384.100.370.500', 'E05.200.998.054.119.500.500', 'E05.200.998.054.370.500', 'E05.242.384.100.119.500.500', 'E05.242.384.100.370.500'], ['C15.604.515.292', 'C23.550.382'], ['C04.557.386.355', 'C15.604.515.569.355', 'C20.683.515.761.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.447', 'E05.200.812.447', 'E05.478.594.450'], ['A10.549.400', 'A15.382.520.604.412'], ['C15.604.315'], ['C15.604'], ['C04.557.386', 'C15.604.515.569', 'C20.683.515.761'], ['A01.923.761.800.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A murine model of ex vivo angiogenesis using aortic disks grown in fibrin clot.
|
The rat aortic ring model is well utilized for evaluation of angiogenesis. We report here an alternative assay employing an ex vivo mouse aorta angiogenesis model that can be extensively manipulated and serially evaluated using digital-assisted image analysis. Mouse aortas were harvested, cut into 2-mm disks, and cultured in fibrin matrix with growth media. Radial vascular outgrowths arose from the cut edge of the aortic disk and were digitally photographed and serially quantified. A variety of culture conditions were evaluated to determine their ability to alter angiogenesis in this model. Vessel outgrowth became apparent on day 3 and continued through day 10 with linear growth occurring between days 3 and 6. Increasing concentrations of serum from 0% to 40% resulted in stimulation of angiogenesis after day 3. Suramin and endostatin dramatically inhibited angiogenesis, which was more profound when applied at day 0 than when linear growth could be identified (day 3). Cells isolated from vessel outgrowths were predominantly endothelial in origin by immunocytochemistry and FACS analysis. We demonstrate that angiogenesis in an ex vivo murine model can be easily quantified using digital image analysis, responds appropriately to stimulation and inhibition, and exhibits differential results based on time of inhibitor administration. Antiangiogenic agents may be most effective if administered before development of accelerated vessel growth.
|
['Animals', 'Aorta', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Separation', 'Endostatins', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Fibrin', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Mice', 'Microcirculation', 'Neovascularization, Pathologic', 'Neovascularization, Physiologic', 'Physiology', 'Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1', 'Suramin', 'Time Factors']
| 15,501,237
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['E01.370.225.500.363', 'E05.200.500.363', 'E05.242.363'], ['D12.644.276.100.450.750', 'D12.776.467.100.450.750', 'D12.776.860.300.250.400.537.500', 'D23.529.100.450.750'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['D12.776.124.270'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G09.330.100.645'], ['C23.550.589.500'], ['G09.330.630'], ['H01.158.782'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.131', 'D12.776.543.550.200.131', 'D23.050.301.264.900.131', 'D23.050.301.350.131', 'D23.101.100.900.131'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.555.750', 'D02.886.645.600.080.050.650.750', 'D04.615.638.555.750'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Platelet aggregation: its relation with ADP-induced fibrinogen binding to platelets and ADP-related membrane enzyme activities.
|
The receptor for ADP on the platelet membrane, which triggers exposure of fibrinogen-binding sites and platelet aggregation, has not yet been identified. Two enzymes with which ADP interacts on the platelet surface, an ecto-ATPase and nucleosidediphosphate kinase, have been proposed as possible receptors for ADP in ADP-induced platelet aggregation. In the present study, experiments were conducted with washed human platelets to examine if a relationship existed between platelet aggregation, fibrinogen binding and the enzymatic degradation of ADP. With 12 different platelet suspensions, a good correlation (P less than 0.01) was found between the extent of platelet aggregation and the amount of 125I-fibrinogen bound to platelets after ADP stimulation. No correlation was found between these parameters and the rate or extent of transformation of [14C]ADP to [14C]ATP or [14C]AMP. The binding of fibrinogen to platelets was inhibited in parallel with aggregation when ADP stimulation was impaired by the enzymatic degradation of ADP by the system creatine phosphate/creatine phosphokinase, or by the use of specific antagonists, such as ATP and AMP. These antagonists also influenced the enzymatic degradation of ADP. This effect occurred at lower concentrations of ATP or AMP than those required to inhibit ADP-induced platelet aggregation and fibrinogen binding. Our results demonstrate that ATP and AMP may be used as specific antagonists of the ADP-induced fibrinogen binding to platelets. They do not provide evidence to suggest that enzymes which metabolize ADP on the platelet surface are involved in the mechanism of ADP-induced platelet aggregation.
|
['Adenosine Diphosphate', 'Adenosine Monophosphate', 'Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Blood Platelets', 'Cell Membrane', 'Creatine Kinase', 'Fibrinogen', 'Humans', 'Phosphocreatine', 'Platelet Aggregation', 'Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Receptors, Cell Surface']
| 6,088,225
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.124', 'D13.695.667.138.124', 'D13.695.827.068.124'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.180', 'D13.695.667.138.180', 'D13.695.827.068.180'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['A11.284.149'], ['D08.811.913.696.640.150'], ['D12.776.124.050.250', 'D12.776.124.125.500', 'D12.776.811.300', 'D23.119.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.125.373.603', 'D12.125.740.675'], ['G09.188.370.687', 'G09.188.390.600.640'], ['D12.776.395.550.625', 'D12.776.543.550.625', 'D12.776.543.750.705.675'], ['D12.776.543.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Exploiting E. coli auxotrophs for leucine, valine, and threonine specific methyl labeling of large proteins for NMR applications.
|
A simple and cost effective method to independently and stereo-specifically incorporate [(1)H,(13)C]-methyls in Leu and Val in proteins is presented. Recombinant proteins for NMR studies are produced using a tailored set of auxotrophic E. coli strains. NMR active isotopes are routed to either Leu or Val methyl groups from the commercially available and scrambling-free precursors á-ketoisovalerate and acetolactate. The engineered strains produce deuterated proteins with stereospecific [(1)H,(13)C]-methyl labeling separately at Leu or Val amino acids. This is the first method that achieves Leu-specific stereospecific [(1)H,(13)C]-methyl labeling of proteins and scramble-free Val-specific labeling. Use of auxotrophs drastically decreases the amount of labeled precursor required for expression without impacting the yield. The concept is extended to Thr methyl labeling by means of a Thr-specific auxotroph that provides enhanced efficiency for use with the costly L-[4-(13)C,2,3-(2)H2,(15)N]-Thr reagent. The Thr-specific strain allows for the production of Thr-[(13)CH3](ã2) labeled protein with an optimal isotope incorporation using up to 50 % less labeled Thr than the traditional E. coli strain without the need for (2)H-glycine to prevent scrambling.
|
['Escherichia coli Proteins', 'Isotope Labeling', 'Leucine', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Models, Molecular', 'Protein Conformation', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Threonine', 'Valine']
| 27,255,761
|
[['D12.776.097.275'], ['E05.522'], ['D12.125.070.637', 'D12.125.142.441'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D12.776.828'], ['D12.125.142.815', 'D12.125.154.900'], ['D12.125.070.950', 'D12.125.142.930']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Carcinomatous perforation of the sigmoid colon presenting as a thigh mass.
|
We report a patient presenting with a left psoas abscess causing necrotizing fasciitis of the upper thigh. The patient underwent exploration of the left thigh through a medial approach, confirming necrotizing fasciitis of the adductor compartment and the femoral triangle. The infective process also involved the left psoas. This was explored retroperitoneally through a left pararectal laparotomy incision. Further exploration revealed a carcinomatous ulcer of the sigmoid colon. Despite active resuscitation, antibiotic therapy, and further debridement, the patient died three days after admission.
|
['Aged', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Fasciitis, Necrotizing', 'Fatal Outcome', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intestinal Perforation', 'Psoas Abscess', 'Radiography', 'Sigmoid Neoplasms']
| 8,879,743
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.171'], ['C05.321.550'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.325', 'N01.224.935.698.201', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.325', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.405.469.557'], ['C01.830.025.700'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180.800', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180.800', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180.800', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180.800', 'C06.405.469.158.850.850', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Being Fully Present: Gains Patients Attribute to a Telephone-Delivered Parenting Program for Child-Rearing Mothers With Cancer.
|
BACKGROUND: Oncology nurses can assist patients in gaining skills and confidence in multiple areas of illness self-management, including parenting skills. Child-rearing parents with cancer are a unique population because they must self-manage their illness and also help their child manage the intrusion of cancer on everyday life. The telephone offers an inexpensive channel for nurses to assist mothers in developing competencies to parent their child. The acceptability and attributed gains from such telephone services are unknown.OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to (1) describe the gains child-rearing mothers attribute to participation in a nurse-delivered telephone cancer parenting program and (2) assess mothers' evaluation of the telephone as a channel for delivering the program.METHODS: Study participants were child-rearing mothers diagnosed with cancer (N = 31) who had completed a manualized telephone-delivered cancer parenting program by a nurse. Mothers were interviewed 1 month after exiting the program by a specially trained interviewer masked on the content of the program.RESULTS: Most mothers were white (74%), highly educated, and had breast cancer (93.5%). Mothers attributed gains from the program in 3 areas: (1) being fully present for my child, (2) communicating in new ways, and (3) putting away my assumptions.CONCLUSIONS: Communication skills learned from nurses can assist mothers to self-manage the impact of the cancer on their own well-being and add to their parenting skills and competencies to help their children.IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The telephone is an effective and indeed preferred channel for delivering services to child-rearing parents impacted by cancer.
|
['Adult', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Child', 'Child Rearing', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mother-Child Relations', 'Neoplasms', 'Nursing Evaluation Research', 'Parenting', 'Qualitative Research', 'Telephone']
| 28,591,011
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F01.318'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.829.263.370.290.170'], ['C04'], ['H01.770.644.145.390.432', 'H02.478.395.432', 'N04.590.233.508.613.432'], ['F01.829.263.370.310'], ['H01.770.644.241.850'], ['L01.178.847.698']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Trichotillomania and related disorders in children and adolescents.
|
Eleven chronic hair pullers, 11 subjects with obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD), and 11 subjects with a non-OCD anxiety disorder were assessed with structured interviews and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Only 4 hair pullers (36%) reported both rising tension and relief with hair pulling. Each group had significantly more internalizing than externalizing symptoms on the CBCL. Seven hair pullers (64%) had a lifetime history of at least one other axis I diagnosis. The results provide further evidence that trichotillomania in referred children and adolescents is usually a chronic disorder often associated with internalizing symptoms and psychiatric comorbidity. Rising tension followed by relief with hair pulling may be an unnecessary restriction in the diagnosis of childhood trichotillomania.
|
['Adolescent', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Child', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Internal-External Control', 'Male', 'Manuals as Topic', 'Mental Disorders', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Trichotillomania']
| 9,200,885
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.379'], ['L01.178.682.192.609', 'L01.178.820.500'], ['F03'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['F03.250.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Free cortisol in sepsis and septic shock.
|
BACKGROUND: Severe sepsis activates the hypothalamopituitary axis, increasing cortisol production. In some studies, hydrocortisone substitution based on an adrenocorticotropic hormone-stimulation test or baseline cortisol measurement has improved outcome. Because only the free fraction of cortisol is active, measurement of free cortisol may be more important than total cortisol in critically ill patients. We measured total and free cortisol in patients with severe sepsis and related the concentrations to outcome.METHODS: In a prospective study, severe sepsis was defined according the American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine criteria. Blood samples were drawn within 24 h of study entry. Serum cortisol was analyzed by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. The Coolens method was used for calculating serum free cortisol concentrations.RESULTS: Blood samples were collected from 125 patients, of whom 62 had severe sepsis and 63 septic shock. Hospital mortality was 21%. Calculated free serum cortisol correlated well with serum total cortisol (r = 0.90, P < 0.001). There was no difference in the total cortisol concentrations in patients with sepsis and septic shock (728 +/- 386 nmol/L vs 793 +/- 439 nmol/L, P = 0.44). Nonsurvivors had higher calculated serum free (209 +/- 151 nmol/L) and total (980 +/- 458 nmol/L) cortisol concentrations than survivors (119 +/- 111 nmol/L, P = 0.002, and 704 +/- 383 nmol/L, P = 0.002). Depending on the definition, the incidence of adrenal insufficiency varied from 8% to 54%.CONCLUSIONS: Clinically, calculation of free cortisol does not provide essential information for identification of patients who would benefit from corticoid treatment in severe sepsis and septic shock.
|
['Adrenal Cortex Function Tests', 'Adrenal Insufficiency', 'Adult', 'Biomarkers', 'Female', 'Finland', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Humans', 'Hydrocortisone', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Male', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prospective Studies', 'Sepsis', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Shock, Septic', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 18,499,615
|
[['E01.370.374.050'], ['C19.053.500'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D23.101'], ['Z01.542.816.186'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.400', 'N01.224.935.698.400', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.400', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.600', 'D06.472.040.585.353.476', 'D06.472.040.585.478.392'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C01.757', 'C23.550.470.790.500'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['C01.757.800', 'C23.550.470.790.500.800', 'C23.550.835.900.712'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Collaboration in investigator initiated public health nursing research: university and agency considerations.
|
There is a significant difference in the collaborative process between whether a public health nursing research project is requested (of the researchers) by the agency or if it is conceived by an outside investigator. This article discusses the underlying concepts of negotiation, mutuality, and respect that support the process of an externally initiated study in an agency. In a progressive listing format, the important components within the planning, development, implementation, and completion phases are then described so that they can be useful to beginning researchers as a guide and to experienced researchers as a reminder.
|
['Community-Institutional Relations', 'Humans', 'Interinstitutional Relations', 'Nursing Research', 'Planning Techniques', 'Public Health Nursing', 'Research Personnel', 'Universities']
| 7,971,692
|
[['N04.452.822.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N04.452.822.400'], ['H01.770.644.145.390', 'H02.478.395', 'N04.590.233.508.613'], ['N04.452.718'], ['H02.478.676.755'], ['M01.526.839'], ['I02.783.830', 'J03.832.830']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of endurance training on glucose tolerance and plasma lipid levels in older men and women.
|
Eleven healthy men and women (63 +/- 1 years) participated in a 12-month endurance-training program to determine the effects of low-intensity and high-intensity training on glucose tolerance and plasma lipids in older persons. Plasma glucose, insulin, and C-peptide concentrations were measured for three hours after ingestion of 100 g of glucose and the total areas under the respective curves were calculated. Total plasma lipids and lipoprotein concentrations were determined during fasting. Maximal oxygen uptake increased 12% during six months of low-intensity training; a further 18% increase occurred during an additional six months of high-intensity training. Glucose tolerance, which was normal initially, was not significantly changed after training. However, the total area for insulin was 8% lower after low-intensity training, and 23% lower after high-intensity training, compared with before training. C-peptide concentrations were similarly reduced. Plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations were unchanged after low-intensity training, but high-intensity training resulted in an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and a reduction in triglycerides. These results demonstrate that older persons respond to prolonged, high-intensity endurance training with an increase in sensitivity to insulin and a favorable alteration in their plasma lipoprotein-lipid profile.
|
['Aged', 'Blood Glucose', 'C-Peptide', 'Cholesterol', 'Cholesterol, HDL', 'Cholesterol, LDL', 'Female', 'Glucose Tolerance Test', 'Humans', 'Insulin', 'Lipids', 'Lipoproteins, HDL', 'Lipoproteins, LDL', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Oxygen', 'Physical Education and Training', 'Respiration']
| 6,376,837
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.250', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.250'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.238', 'D10.532.432.400', 'D10.570.938.208.270', 'D12.776.521.479.470'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.244', 'D10.532.515.500', 'D10.570.938.208.275', 'D12.776.521.550.500'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.355', 'E01.370.374.355', 'E05.200.124.100.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['D10'], ['D10.532.432', 'D12.776.521.479'], ['D10.532.515', 'D12.776.521.550'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['I02.233.543'], ['G09.772.705']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Chemical nature of stochastic generation of protein-based carbonyls: metal-catalyzed oxidation versus modification by products of lipid oxidation.
|
An assessment of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH)-detectable protein-based carbonyls is one of the most common assays used to quantify oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we compared, for the lipid-binding protein beta-lactoglobulin, the extent to which carbonyl reactivity could be introduced by adventitious metal-catalyzed oxidation (MCO) in the absence and presence of a polyunsaturated lipid or by treatment with various individual bifunctional lipid oxidation products capable of introducing carbonyls into proteins by adduction to nucleophilic side chains. With metal ions and either O2/reductant or H2O2 as the terminal oxidant, the maximal level of DNPH-detectable carbonyl generation obtainable in several hours was 0.1-0.2 mol carbonyl per mol protein monomer, with Cu(II) being more effective than Fe(II). Exposure instead to bifunctional lipoxidation-derived aldehydes (1-2 mM) generated in some cases in excess of 1 mol carbonyl per mol protein. The rank order of carbonyl incorporation reactivity was acrolein > 4-oxo-2-nonenal > 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal > 2,4-decadienal > malondialdehyde. Protein cross-linking ability followed a somewhat different rank order. Parallel studies on reductively methylated beta-lactoglobulin revealed that His and Cys residues are intrinsically more responsible than Lys residues for carbonyl appearance and that the availability of Lys residues accounts for the reduction of carbonyl content at later time (presumably reflecting cross-linking chemistry) that occurs for acrolein and 4-oxo-2-nonenal. Overall, these results suggest that DNPH reactivity observed physiologically on nonmetalloproteins may arise more from the attachment of lipid-derived products of oxidative stress than from adventitious MCO of side chains. Additional studies carried out to clarify the potential use of DNPH derivatization to tag peptide-based carbonyls for mass spectrometric analysis revealed that DNPH derivatization can reverse under the conditions used for proteolysis.
|
['Catalysis', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Ketones', 'Lactoglobulins', 'Lipid Peroxidation', 'Lipids', 'Metals', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Peptide Mapping', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization', 'Stochastic Processes', 'Trypsin']
| 17,226,935
|
[['G02.130'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['D02.522'], ['D12.776.256.159.750.816.500', 'D12.776.377.457'], ['G02.111.515', 'G03.295.531.587'], ['D10'], ['D01.552'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['E05.196.181.400.454.720', 'E05.196.401.319.720', 'E05.196.700', 'E05.393.760.705.685'], ['E05.196.566.600'], ['E05.318.740.996', 'G17.830', 'N05.715.360.750.770', 'N06.850.520.830.996'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.895', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.895']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Coenzyme B12 Repurposed for Photoregulation of Gene Expression.
|
Old cofactor, new tricks: In enzymes, coenzyme B12 has a well-known function as a radical initiator through homolysis of the Co-C bond. It has recently been shown that nature has repurposed this cofactor as a photosensitive switch for the regulation of bacterial carotenoid biosynthesis. Co-C bond breakage is again the key event in this process, triggering huge conformational changes in the B12 -binding protein.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Binding Sites', 'Cobamides', 'DNA', 'Gene Expression', 'Molecular Dynamics Simulation', 'Photoreceptors, Microbial', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Structure, Quaternary', 'Thermus thermophilus']
| 27,010,518
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.437.777.270', 'D03.633.400.909.437.777.270', 'D04.345.783.437.777.270', 'D08.211.175'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G05.297'], ['E05.599.595.500', 'G02.111.570.895', 'L01.224.160.500'], ['D12.776.752'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.550'], ['B03.440.400.425.875.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Chondrogenic differentiation of adult dermal fibroblasts.
|
Cell sources for generation of articular cartilage ex vivo are limited. To explore options other than stem cells, dermal fibroblasts were tested for their developmental potential when cultured on the cartilage matrix proteoglycan, aggrecan. A previous study suggested such an effort would be successful (M. M. French et al., Journal of Cell Biology 145:1103-1115, 1999). The adult dermal fibroblast cell line, RAB-9, was used in these assays. While initial attempts to differentiate the cells were unsuccessful, after pretreatment with insulin growth factor one (IGF-I), the cells were able to differentiate in culture on aggrecan. After 24 h in culture on aggrecan, the majority of the cells formed dense aggregates reminiscent of condensing mesenchymal cells in development. At 1 week, these aggregates stained positively with both Safranin O and antibodies against collagen type II. This staining was maintained through the conclusion of the experiment at week 4. RT-PCR for collagen II supports the hypothesis that dermal fibroblasts can be triggered to differentiate by culture on cartilage matrix proteoglycans. A three-fold increase in collagen type II mRNA expression is seen when cells are cultured on aggrecan in comparison to controls. These results provide an initial step towards a cell source that may prove equally successful for the generation of cartilage in the laboratory.
|
['Aggrecans', 'Animals', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Line', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chondrocytes', 'Collagen', 'Culture Techniques', 'Extracellular Matrix', 'Extracellular Matrix Proteins', 'Fibroblasts', 'Lectins, C-Type', 'Proteoglycans', 'Rabbits', 'Skin', 'Tissue Engineering']
| 14,964,721
|
[['D09.698.735.200.500', 'D12.776.395.650.750.687.100', 'D12.776.503.280.437.100', 'D12.776.860.300.140'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.152'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.329.171'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['E05.481.500'], ['A11.284.295.310'], ['D12.776.860.300'], ['A11.329.228'], ['D12.776.503.280'], ['D09.698.735', 'D12.776.395.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['A17.815'], ['E05.481.500.311.500', 'J01.293.069.249.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Schedule of stereotactic radiotherapy: a study considering the factors of repair and cell proliferation].
|
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS: stereotactic irradiation [STI] delivered in a single high dose) was initially developed by Leksell for non-malignant brain lesions, but there has been increasing interest in using it to treat small primary brain tumors or metastases. Recently, stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT: fractionated STI) has been recommended on the basis of radiobiological considerations for tumors in which both normal glial cells and tumor cells reside within the tumor margin. Strangely, the factors 'repair' and 'cell proliferation' have been neglected in the radiobiological evaluations of STI reported so far, mainly because of the complexity of the calculations. 'Half-time repair' which is the key value in the 'repair' factor may be larger for nervous tissue than for many other normal tissues because nerve cells have decreased ability to recover from damage. 'Cell proliferation' should be an important factor when the total radiation period is extended by applying SRT. In this study, we created models based on estimated 'half-time repair' and 'cell doubling time' and attempted to determine optimal SRT schedules. When repair and cell proliferation factors are also taken into consideration, the recommended SRT schedules would be 7 Gy x 7 fractions every other day for malignant tumors and 3.5 Gy x 12 fractions every other day for benign tumors. However, clinically, these schedules should be modified according to factors in individual cases, e. g., tumor size, presence of tumor necrosis, the patient's general condition, prognosis, and so on.
|
['Brain', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Cell Division', 'Humans', 'Radiosurgery', 'Stereotaxic Techniques']
| 9,778,938
|
[['A08.186.211'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.815.530', 'E04.525.800.650', 'E05.873.500'], ['E04.525.800', 'E05.873']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan.
|
A mysterious outbreak of atypical pneumonia in late 2019 was traced to a seafood wholesale market in Wuhan of China. Within a few weeks, a novel coronavirus tentatively named as 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was announced by the World Health Organization. We performed bioinformatics analysis on a virus genome from a patient with 2019-nCoV infection and compared it with other related coronavirus genomes. Overall, the genome of 2019-nCoV has 89% nucleotide identity with bat SARS-like-CoVZXC21 and 82% with that of human SARS-CoV. The phylogenetic trees of their orf1a/b, Spike, Envelope, Membrane and Nucleoprotein also clustered closely with those of the bat, civet and human SARS coronaviruses. However, the external subdomain of Spike's receptor binding domain of 2019-nCoV shares only 40% amino acid identity with other SARS-related coronaviruses. Remarkably, its orf3b encodes a completely novel short protein. Furthermore, its new orf8 likely encodes a secreted protein with an alpha-helix, following with a beta-sheet(s) containing six strands. Learning from the roles of civet in SARS and camel in MERS, hunting for the animal source of 2019-nCoV and its more ancestral virus would be important for understanding the origin and evolution of this novel lineage B betacoronavirus. These findings provide the basis for starting further studies on the pathogenesis, and optimizing the design of diagnostic, antiviral and vaccination strategies for this emerging infection.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Betacoronavirus', 'COVID-19', 'China', 'Coronavirus Infections', 'Genome, Viral', 'Humans', 'Phylogeny', 'Pneumonia, Viral', 'SARS-CoV-2', 'Sequence Analysis, Protein', 'Travel', 'Viral Proteins']
| 31,987,001
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B04.820.578.500.540.150.113'], ['C01.748.214', 'C01.748.610.763.500', 'C01.925.705.500', 'C01.925.782.600.550.200.163', 'C08.381.677.807.500', 'C08.730.214', 'C08.730.610.763.500'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['C01.925.782.600.550.200'], ['G05.360.340.358.840'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['C01.748.610.763', 'C01.925.705', 'C08.381.677.807', 'C08.730.610.763'], ['B04.820.578.500.540.150.113.968'], ['E05.393.760.705'], ['I03.883'], ['D12.776.964']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Role of spontaneous physical activity in prediction of susceptibility to activity based anorexia in male and female rats.
|
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a chronic eating disorder affecting females and males, defined by body weight loss, higher physical activity levels and restricted food intake. Currently, the commonalities and differences between genders in etiology of AN are not well understood. Animal models of AN, such as activity-based anorexia (ABA), can be helpful in identifying factors determining individual susceptibility to AN. In ABA, rodents are given an access to a running wheel while food restricted, resulting in paradoxical increased physical activity levels and weight loss. Recent studies suggest that different behavioral traits, including voluntary exercise, can predict individual weight loss in ABA. A higher inherent drive for movement may promote development and severity of AN, but this hypothesis remains untested. In rodents and humans, drive for movement is defined as spontaneous physical activity (SPA), which is time spent in low-intensity, non-volitional movements. In this paper, we show that a profile of body weight history and behavioral traits, including SPA, can predict individual weight loss caused by ABA in male and female rats with high accuracy. Analysis of the influence of SPA on ABA susceptibility in males and females rats suggests that either high or low levels of SPA increase the probability of high weight loss in ABA, but with larger effects in males compared to females. These results suggest that the same behavioral profile can identify individuals at-risk of AN for both male and female populations and that SPA has predictive value for susceptibility to AN.
|
['Animals', 'Anorexia', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Disease Susceptibility', 'Female', 'Male', 'Motor Activity', 'Physical Conditioning, Animal', 'Rats', 'Running', 'Weight Loss']
| 24,912,135
|
[['B01.050'], ['C23.888.821.108'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['C23.550.291.687', 'G07.100.250'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['G11.427.410.698.277.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G11.427.410.568.610', 'G11.427.410.698.277.750', 'I03.350.750', 'I03.450.642.845.610'], ['C23.888.144.243.963', 'G07.345.249.314.120.200.963']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Use of an affinity label to probe the function of the NADPH binding component of the respiratory burst oxidase of human neutrophils.
|
The respiratory burst oxidase of neutrophils can be activated in a cell-free system in which solubilized membranes, cytosol, and Mg2+ are required and in which sodium dodecyl sulfate is used to convert the dormant oxidase to an active form. The 2',3'-dialdehyde analog of NADPH was used as an affinity label for the cytosolic NADPH binding component of the respiratory burst oxidase from human neutrophils. When treated with this affinity label in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride to reduce Schiff bases, neutrophil cytosol was shown to lose at least 90% of its activity in the cell-free system. In contrast to normal cytosol, treated cytosol had lost its ability to abolish the lag time required for activation of the oxidase, suggesting that the treated cytosol was no longer able to participate in the rate-limiting activation step. Furthermore, the treated cytosol had lost its ability to convert the oxidase from a form with a high Km to a form with a low Km for NADPH. The ability of dialdehyde-treated cytosol to activate the oxidase could be restored by untreated cytosol with a concentration dependence suggesting that only one kinetically active component of the oxidase was inhibited by treatment with the NADPH analog. Like the dialdehyde-treated cytosol, cytosols from patients with chronic granulomatous disease caused by a deficiency in a cytosolic Mr = 47,000 protein (pp47) fail to participate in the rate-limiting activation step (Curnutte, J. T., Scott, P. J., and Babior, B. M. (1989) J. Clin. Invest. 83, 1236-1240). These chronic granulomatous disease cytosols were nevertheless able to restore limited activity to the dialdehyde-inactivated cytosol in a cell-free activation system. These results are consistent with a model in which (a) the NADPH binding subunit of the oxidase exists in a very slowly dissociating complex with one or more additional cytosolic components, including pp47, and (b) the NADPH binding component of the oxidase controls the affinity of the enzyme for NADPH, either directly or through the binding of additional cytosolic factors.
|
['Affinity Labels', 'Cell-Free System', 'Cytosol', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Granulomatous Disease, Chronic', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases', 'NADP', 'NADPH Oxidases', 'Neutrophils', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Peroxides', 'Protein Binding']
| 2,745,440
|
[['D27.720.470.410.080'], ['A11.284.835.168'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['C15.378.553.774.535', 'C16.320.322.233', 'C20.673.774.535'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D08.811.682.608'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.749', 'D08.211.625', 'D13.695.667.138.749', 'D13.695.827.068.749'], ['D08.811.682.608.575', 'D12.776.331.894', 'D12.776.543.653'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750', 'D01.339.431.374', 'D01.650.550.750', 'D02.389.338'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Anatomical Organization and Spatiotemporal Firing Patterns of Layer 3 Neurons in the Rat Medial Entorhinal Cortex.
|
Layer 3 of the medial entorhinal cortex is a major gateway from the neocortex to the hippocampus. Here we addressed structure-function relationships in medial entorhinal cortex layer 3 by combining anatomical analysis with juxtacellular identification of single neurons in freely behaving rats. Anatomically, layer 3 appears as a relatively homogeneous cell sheet. Dual-retrograde neuronal tracing experiments indicate a large overlap between layer 3 pyramidal populations, which project to ipsilateral hippocampus, and the contralateral medial entorhinal cortex. These cells were intermingled within layer 3, and had similar morphological and intrinsic electrophysiological properties. Dendritic trees of layer 3 neurons largely avoided the calbindin-positive patches in layer 2. Identification of layer 3 neurons during spatial exploration (n = 17) and extracellular recordings (n = 52) pointed to homogeneous spatial discharge patterns. Layer 3 neurons showed only weak spiking theta rhythmicity and sparse head-direction selectivity. A majority of cells (50 of 69) showed no significant spatial modulation. All of the ?28% of neurons that carried significant amounts of spatial information (19 of 69) discharged in irregular spatial patterns. Thus, layer 3 spatiotemporal firing properties are remarkably different from those of layer 2, where theta rhythmicity is prominent and spatially modulated cells often discharge in grid or border patterns. Significance statement: Neurons within the superficial layers of the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) often discharge in border, head-direction, and theta-modulated grid patterns. It is still largely unknown how defined discharge patterns relate to cellular diversity in the superficial layers of the MEC. In the present study, we addressed this issue by combining anatomical analysis with juxtacellular identification of single layer 3 neurons in freely behaving rats. We provide evidence that the anatomical organization and spatiotemporal firing properties of layer 3 neurons are remarkably different from those in layer 2. Specifically, most layer 3 neurons discharged in spatially irregular firing patterns, with weak theta-modulation and head-directional selectivity. This work thus poses constraints on the spatiotemporal patterns reaching downstream targets, like the hippocampus.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Animals', 'Calbindins', 'Entorhinal Cortex', 'Pyramidal Cells', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Theta Rhythm']
| 26,354,904
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.157.125.090'], ['A08.186.211.180.590.750.225', 'A08.186.211.180.710.225', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.382.750.225', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.620.562', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.695.374', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.750.562'], ['A08.675.790', 'A11.671.790'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['E01.370.376.300.150.937', 'E01.370.405.245.287.937', 'G07.265.087.937', 'G11.561.127.937']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Imaging live cell in micro-liquid enclosure by X-ray laser diffraction.
|
Emerging X-ray free-electron lasers with femtosecond pulse duration enable single-shot snapshot imaging almost free from sample damage by outrunning major radiation damage processes. In bioimaging, it is essential to keep the sample close to its natural state. Conventional high-resolution imaging, however, suffers from severe radiation damage that hinders live cell imaging. Here we present a method for capturing snapshots of live cells kept in a micro-liquid enclosure array by X-ray laser diffraction. We place living Microbacterium lacticum cells in an enclosure array and successively expose each enclosure to a single X-ray laser pulse from the SPring-8 Angstrom Compact Free-Electron Laser. The enclosure itself works as a guard slit and allows us to record a coherent diffraction pattern from a weakly-scattering submicrometre-sized cell with a clear fringe extending up to a 28-nm full-period resolution. The reconstructed image reveals living whole-cell structures without any staining, which helps advance understanding of intracellular phenomena.
|
['Actinobacteria', 'Animals', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Lasers', 'Scattering, Radiation', 'X-Ray Diffraction']
| 24,394,916
|
[['B03.510.024', 'B03.510.460.400.400.049'], ['B01.050'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['E07.632.490', 'E07.710.520'], ['E05.196.822', 'G01.867'], ['E05.196.309.742', 'E05.196.822.950', 'G01.867.950', 'G02.965']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Urethral carcinosarcoma from bladder carcinosarcomatous lesions: analysis of clinicopathological features.
|
Carcinosarcoma (CS) of the bladder is a rare malignancy of the genitourinary tract that is highly aggressive with unfavorable prognoses. Data regarding the epidemiological and clinicopathological characteristics of CS of the urinary bladder have been limited due to the low reported incidence of the tumor. In particular, there is little evidence on recurrence patterns and surveillance after definitive surgical therapy. In this case report, we describe a urethral recurrence of CS after radical cystoprostatectomy for CS of the bladder. The goal of this case report is to review our current understanding of the pathological and recurrence patterns of patients with CS of the urinary bladder in order to better define postoperative care for patients with CS of the bladder.
|
['Aged', 'Carcinosarcoma', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Urethral Neoplasms', 'Urinary Bladder Neoplasms']
| 19,222,894
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.435.290', 'C04.557.450.795.290'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['C04.588.945.947.945', 'C12.758.820.937', 'C12.777.767.601', 'C13.351.937.820.890', 'C13.351.968.767.601'], ['C04.588.945.947.960', 'C12.758.820.968', 'C12.777.829.813', 'C13.351.937.820.945', 'C13.351.968.829.707']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Distinct binding properties of eaeA-negative verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli of serotype O113:H21.
|
Infection of humans with verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) O113:H21 is associated with clinical features comparable to those associated with infection with attaching and effacing VTEC strains including those of serotype O157:H7. We have shown previously that the adhesion phenotype of VTEC O157:H7 is influenced by the presence of a homolog of the chromosomal eaeA (for E. coli attaching and effacing) gene. In contrast, by colony blot hybridization, VTEC O113:H21 is negative for the eaeA gene. Therefore, the aim of this study was to define the adhesion phenotype of VTEC O113:H21 strain CL-15 to both cultured epithelial cells (HEp-2) and rabbit intestine in vivo. Under transmission electron microscopy, areas of microvillus effacement were observed in regions directly beneath the organism in CL-15-infected cells both in vitro and in vivo. However, F-actin adhesion pedestals on the host plasma membrane were absent. Failure of CL-15 to induce polymerization of actin was confirmed by using staining of F-actin with fluorescein-labeled phalloidin. Under indirect immunofluorescence microscopy, CL-15-infected HEp-2 cells also failed to demonstrate the recruitment of another cytoskeletal element, alpha-actinin, below foci of bacterial adhesion. In contrast, VTEC O157:H7 infection of HEp-2 cells was associated with increased alpha-actinin immunofluorescence. These findings suggest that bacterial factors distinct from those of EaeA are necessary for the adhesion phenotype of VTEC O113:H21.
|
['Actinin', 'Adhesins, Bacterial', 'Bacterial Adhesion', 'Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins', 'Bacterial Toxins', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Escherichia coli', 'Escherichia coli Proteins', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Humans', 'Phosphotyrosine', 'Shiga Toxin 1', 'Tyrosine', 'Virulence']
| 7,518,809
|
[['D05.750.078.730.248', 'D12.776.210.500.095', 'D12.776.220.525.250'], ['D12.776.097.120.050', 'D12.776.543.100.050', 'D23.050.161.050'], ['G06.099.050'], ['D12.776.097.120', 'D12.776.543.100'], ['D23.946.123'], ['D12.776.157'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D12.776.097.275'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.125.072.050.875.750', 'D12.125.740.740'], ['D08.811.277.450.430.700.750.750.120', 'D12.776.097.275.877', 'D23.946.123.794.100', 'D23.946.330.575.120'], ['D12.125.072.050.875'], ['G06.930']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Stability-indicating chromatographic methods for the determination of sertindole.
|
In this work, two chromatographic methods have been developed and validated for the determination of sertindole (an antipsychotic agent) in the presence of its oxidative degradation product. Sertindole was subjected to stress stability studies, including acid, alkali, oxidative, photolytic and thermal degradation. The chromatographic methods included the use of thin-layer chromatography (TLC-densitometry) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The TLC method employed aluminum TLC plates precoated with silica gel G.F254 as the stationary phase and methanol-ethyl acetate-33% ammonia (1:9:0.1, by volume) as the mobile phase, and the chromatograms were scanned at 227 nm. The developed HPLC method used a reversed-phase C18 column with isocratic elution. The mobile phase was composed of phosphate buffer pH 3.0-acetonitrile-triethylamine (45:55:0.03, by volume) and run at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. Quantitation was achieved with ultraviolet detection at 256 nm. The linearity ranges were found to be 2-14 µg/band and 5-200 µg/mL for TLC and HPLC, respectively. The developed methods were validated according to the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines and were applied for bulk powder and dosage forms.
|
['Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Chromatography, Thin Layer', 'Drug Stability', 'Imidazoles', 'Indoles', 'Reproducibility of Results']
| 23,733,912
|
[['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['E05.196.181.400.537'], ['E05.916.330'], ['D03.383.129.308'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Actions of the opioid antagonist, nalmefene, and congeners on reperfusion cardiac arrhythmias and regional left coronary blood flow.
|
Opioid antagonists have been shown to prevent the occurrence of lethal arrhythmias following coronary reperfusion. In this study, we have examined the effect of a new, long-lasting, potent opioid antagonist, nalmefene, and congeners in the prevention of reperfusion arrhythmias in dogs. Nalmefene given at a dose of 1 mg/kg i.v. reduced the incidence of reperfusion arrhythmias significantly when compared to the saline control. Neither N-methyl nalmefene, a quaternary analog that does not cross the blood brain barrier, nor (+) nalmefene, an isomer with no anti-opioid actions, provided any protection against reperfusion arrhythmias. Regional myocardial blood flow profiles, during and after coronary occlusion, were not different between the nalmefene- and saline-treated groups. We conclude that nalmefene prevents the occurrence of reperfusion-induced arrhythmias by blocking opioid receptors in the brain.
|
['Animals', 'Arrhythmias, Cardiac', 'Coronary Circulation', 'Dogs', 'Female', 'Injections, Intravenous', 'Male', 'Myocardial Reperfusion', 'Naltrexone', 'Narcotic Antagonists', 'Premedication', 'Time Factors', 'Ventricular Function, Left']
| 2,277,810
|
[['B01.050'], ['C14.280.067', 'C23.550.073'], ['G09.330.100.324'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['E02.319.267.082.750', 'E02.319.267.530.540'], ['E04.100.700.600', 'E05.680.730.600'], ['D03.132.577.249.706.550', 'D03.605.497.750.550', 'D03.633.400.686.750.550', 'D04.615.723.795.706.550'], ['D27.505.696.543', 'D27.505.696.663.850.512', 'D27.505.954.427.550'], ['E02.319.703'], ['G01.910.857'], ['G09.330.955.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The role of body mass index and other body composition parameters in early post-transplant complications in patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation with busulfan-cyclophosphamide conditioning.
|
Patients with impaired nutritional status may show increased risk of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT)-related complications. This study was conducted to determine whether body mass index (BMI) and other body composition parameters, such as lean body mass index (LBMI) and body fat mass (BFM), are associated with early post-transplantation toxicity and mortality in allogeneic HSCT recipients. The records of 71 patients diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), or myelodysplastic leukemia (MDS) who had undergone allogeneic HSCT with a conditioning regimen of busulfan-cyclophosphamide (Bu-Cy), between September 2003 and January 2009 at the Stem Cell Transplantation Unit of Gazi University Hospital were retrospectively evaluated. BMI was found to be negatively correlated with the NCI grade of mucositis, cardiotoxicity, emesis, and hyperglycemia, and with the number of erythrocyte transfusions. LBMI was also negatively correlated with the number of erythrocyte transfusions, cardiotoxicity, emesis, and hyperglycemia. BFM was negatively correlated with the day of neutrophil engraftment, and NCI grade of mucositis. Nutritional status did not have an impact on overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), or 100-day transplant related mortality (TRM).
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating', 'Body Composition', 'Body Mass Index', 'Busulfan', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Leukemia', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nutritional Status', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Survival Analysis', 'Transplantation Conditioning', 'Transplantation, Homologous', 'Young Adult']
| 22,160,835
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.519.124.035', 'D27.505.954.248.150', 'D27.888.569.035.035'], ['G02.111.130', 'G03.180', 'G07.100.049'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['D02.033.455.125.125', 'D02.455.326.146.100.050.500.100', 'D02.886.645.600.055.050.510.100'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.730.243', 'D02.705.672.500.243'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.337'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G07.203.650.650', 'N01.224.425.525'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E02.095.147.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['E02.095.465.425.450.800', 'E05.478.610.800'], ['E04.936.864'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel and potent DNA gyrase inhibitors with azole ring.
|
The 4-piperidyl moiety and the pyrazole ring in 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-3-(4-piperidyl)pyrazole 2, which has previously shown improved DNA gyrase inhibition and target-related antibacterial activity, were transformed to other groups and the in vitro antibacterial activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated. The selected pyrazole, oxazole and imidazole derivatives showed moderate inhibition against DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV with similar IC(50) values (IC(50)=9.4-25 microg/mL). In addition, many of the pyrazole, oxazole and imidazole derivatives synthesized in this study exhibited potent antibacterial activity against quinolone-resistant clinical isolates and coumarin-resistant laboratory isolates of Gram-positive bacteria with minimal inhibitory concentration values equivalent to those against susceptible strains.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Azoles', 'DNA Gyrase', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Staphylococcus aureus', 'Topoisomerase II Inhibitors']
| 15,465,328
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D03.383.129'], ['D08.811.399.403.741.149', 'D12.776.097.237'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100'], ['D27.505.519.389.892.750', 'D27.505.954.248.794.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A clinic within a general hospital for the assessment of urgent psychiatric problems.
|
Of 100 consecutive referrals to a clinic for urgent psychiatric assessment only a third (34 patients) were considered to warrant such urgent attention. In 29 of the 34 cases the patient's behaviour--either intent to harm himself or unpredictable behaviour that alarmed the referring agent--was the most important consideration for urgent assessment.
|
['Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Emergency Services, Psychiatric', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Female', 'Hospitals, General', 'Humans', 'London', 'Male', 'Mental Health Services', 'Patient Admission', 'Personality Disorders', 'Psychotic Disorders', 'Referral and Consultation', 'Social Behavior Disorders']
| 72,968
|
[['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['F04.408.525', 'N02.421.297.200'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['N02.278.421.389'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.433.553', 'Z01.542.363.300.553'], ['F04.408', 'N02.421.461'], ['E02.760.400.600', 'N02.421.585.400.600'], ['F03.675'], ['F03.700.675'], ['N04.452.758.849'], ['I01.880.735.784']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Abnormal glucose metabolism among older men with or at risk of HIV infection.
|
OBJECTIVES: To determine factors associated with diabetes, insulin resistance, and abnormal glucose tolerance in older men with or at risk of HIV infection.METHODS: Diabetes was assessed by self-report in 643 men >or=49 years old with or at risk of HIV infection. In a subset of 216 men without previously diagnosed diabetes [including 90 HIV-uninfected men, 28 HIV-infected, antiretroviral-naive men, 28 HIV-infected men taking non-protease inhibitor (PI)-containing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), and 70 HIV-infected men taking PI-containing HAART], an oral glucose tolerance test with insulin levels was performed. HIV serology, CD4 cell count, weight, height and waist circumference were measured. Antiretroviral use, drug use, family history of diabetes, physical activity and sociodemographic data were obtained using standardized interviews.RESULTS: Of 643 participants, 116 (18%) had previously diagnosed diabetes. With the oral glucose tolerance test, 15 of 216 men (7%) were found to have undiagnosed diabetes and 40 (18%) impaired glucose tolerance. Factors independently associated with previously diagnosed diabetes included use of non-PI-containing HAART, methadone treatment, positive CAGE test for alcoholism, obesity and family history of diabetes. Factors independently associated with greater insulin resistance included waist circumference and heroin use. Factors independently associated with abnormal glucose tolerance (impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes) included age >or=55 years and Hispanic ethnicity.CONCLUSIONS: HIV-infected men with diabetes risk factors should undergo screening for diabetes regardless of HAART use. Interventions targeting modifiable risk factors, including overweight and physical inactivity, are warranted. The potential impact of opiate and alcohol abuse on glucose metabolism should be recognized in clinical care, and addressed in future research studies of HIV-infected persons.
|
['Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active', 'Body Composition', 'Cohort Studies', 'Diabetes Complications', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Glucose Intolerance', 'Glucose Tolerance Test', 'HIV Infections', 'HIV Protease Inhibitors', 'Humans', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Risk Factors', 'Substance-Related Disorders']
| 16,903,984
|
[['E02.319.310.075'], ['G02.111.130', 'G03.180', 'G07.100.049'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['C19.246.099'], ['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['C18.452.394.952.500'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.355', 'E01.370.374.355', 'E05.200.124.100.355'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.900.500', 'D27.505.954.122.388.077.088.420'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Fullerene C60 functionalized ã-Fe2O3 magnetic nanoparticle: Synthesis, characterization, and biomedical applications.
|
Hybrid magnetic nanoparticles composed from C60 fullerene and ã-Fe2O3 were synthesized by hydrothermal method. XRD, FT-IR, VSM, SEM, and HR-TEM were employed for characterizations. The magnetic saturation value of C60-ã-Fe2O3 magnetic nanoparticles was 66.5 emu g(-1). Concentration of Fe in nanoparticles as determined by ICP-OES was 40.7% Fe. Particle size of C60-ã-Fe2O3 magnetic nanoparticles was smaller than 10 nm. Maximum adsorption capacity of C60-ã-Fe2O3 for flurbiprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, was calculated from Langmuir isotherm as 142.9 mg g(-1).
|
['Adsorption', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Drug Carriers', 'Ferric Compounds', 'Flurbiprofen', 'Fullerenes', 'Hot Temperature', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Magnetite Nanoparticles', 'Particle Size']
| 25,118,710
|
[['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['D26.255.260', 'E02.319.300.380'], ['D01.490.100'], ['D02.241.081.751.161', 'D02.455.426.559.389.185.350'], ['D01.268.150.250', 'J01.637.512.600.612.350'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['G02.300'], ['J01.637.512.600.500.144.500'], ['G02.712']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Temporal expression of inflammatory mediators in brain basilar artery vasculitis and cerebrospinal fluid of rabbits with coccidioidal meningitis.
|
Strokes due to transmural vasculitis associated with coccidioidal meningitis result in significant morbidity and mortality. The immunological and inflammatory processes responsible are poorly understood. To determine the inflammatory mediators, i.e. cytokines, chemokines, iNOS, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), that possibly contribute to vasculitis, temporal mRNA expression in brain basilar artery samples and MMP-9 protein in the CSF of male NZW rabbits infected intracisternally with 6.5 x 10(4) arthroconidia of Coccidioides immitis were assessed. Five infected and 3 sham-injected rabbits at each time point were euthanized 4, 9, 14 and 20 days post infection. All infected rabbits had neurological abnormalities and severe vasculitis in the basilar arteries on days 9-20. In basilar arteries of infected animals versus controls, mRNAs encoding for IL-6, iNOS, IFN-gamma, IL-2, MCP-1, IL-1beta, IL-10, TNF-alpha, CCR-1, MMP-9, TGF-beta, as well as MMP-9 protein in CSF, were found to be significantly up-regulated. Thus, this study identified inflammatory mediators associated with CNS vasculitis and meningitis due to C. immitis infection. Assessment of the individual contribution of each mediator to vasculitis may offer novel approaches to the treatment of coccidioidal CNS infection. This study also provides unique methodology for immunology studies in a rabbit model.
|
['Animals', 'Basilar Artery', 'Brain', 'Coccidioides', 'Coccidioidomycosis', 'Cytokines', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Inflammation Mediators', 'Male', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 9', 'Meningitis, Fungal', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rabbits', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Spinal Cord', 'Up-Regulation', 'Vasculitis, Central Nervous System']
| 16,487,245
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.106'], ['A08.186.211'], ['B01.300.381.230'], ['C01.150.703.203'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D23.469'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.350', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.350', 'D12.644.276.848.350', 'D12.776.467.836.350'], ['C01.150.703.181.500', 'C01.207.198.500', 'C10.228.228.198.500', 'C10.228.614.300'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['A08.186.854'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998'], ['C10.114.875', 'C10.228.140.300.850', 'C14.907.253.946', 'C14.907.940.907', 'C20.111.258.962']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Binocular coordination during reading of blurred and nonblurred text.
|
PURPOSE: Reading a text requires vergence angle adjustments, so that the images in the two eyes fall on corresponding retinal areas. Vergence adjustments bring the two retinal images into Panum's fusional area and therefore, small remaining errors or regulations do not lead to double vision. The present study evaluated dynamic and static aspects of the binocular coordination when upcoming text was blurred.METHODS: Binocular eye movements and accommodation responses were simultaneously measured for 20 participants while reading single, nonblurred sentences and while the text was blurred as if it were seen by a person in whom the combination of refraction and accommodation deviated from the stimulus plane by 0.5 D.RESULTS: Text comprehension did not change, even though fixation times increased for reading blurred sentences. The disconjugacy during saccades was also not affected by blurred text presentations, but the vergence adjustment during fixations was reduced. Further, for blurred text, the overall vergence angle shifted in the exo direction, and this shift correlated with the individual heterophoria. Accommodation measures showed that the lag of accommodation was slightly larger for reading blurred sentences and that the shift in vergence angle was larger when the individual lag of accommodation was also larger.CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that reading comprehension is robust against changes in binocular coordination that result from moderate text degradation; nevertheless, these changes are likely to be linked to the development of fatigue and visual strain in near reading conditions.
|
['Accommodation, Ocular', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Reading', 'Saccades', 'Vision Disparity', 'Vision, Binocular', 'Visual Perception', 'Young Adult']
| 22,058,330
|
[['G14.010'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.559.423.557'], ['G14.350.500'], ['F02.463.593.778.255.780', 'F02.463.593.932.877', 'G14.930'], ['F02.463.593.932.885'], ['F02.463.593.932'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Hemostatic disorders with secretolytics? A contribution to drug safety].
|
Based on literature and on the results of this open clinical trial we conclude, that there is no connection between application of the above named group of drugs and the change in parameters of haemostasis function, which might lead to a manifest haemorrhagic diathesis. Within the period surveyed of 14 days no case of induced coagulopathy and particularly no thrombocytopenia was seen. The substances under consideration themselves did not exert any anticoagulatory effect nor did they potentiate or inhibit the effect of a concurrently given cumarin derivative.
|
['Ambroxol', 'Blood Coagulation', 'Bromhexine', 'Drug Combinations', 'Hemorrhagic Disorders', 'Humans', 'Oxytetracycline', 'Thrombocytopenia']
| 1,002,355
|
[['D02.092.146.300.100', 'D02.092.384.175.100'], ['G09.188.390.150'], ['D02.092.146.300', 'D02.092.384.175'], ['D26.310'], ['C15.378.463'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.900.600', 'D04.615.562.900.600'], ['C15.378.140.855']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of environmental toxins on lymphocyte function: studies in rhesus and man.
|
The immune system is a potential target of environmental toxins. Impairment of immune function could have a disastrous effect upon the affected individual. We had the unique opportunity to study the results of a prolonged exposure to TCDD (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-P-dioxin) in rhesus monkeys and their offspring. Subsequently, we performed similar studies on humans exposed to the nematode pesticide, Aldicarb. This report summarizes those previous studies. In the monkeys, no major deficits of the immune system were found and the animals did not have excessive numbers of infections. However, at higher doses of dietary TCDD (25 ppt), only 22% of the offspring survived to 1 year of age. Thus, the failure to demonstrate effects on the young may simply relate to the essential equivalence of the lethal to an immunosuppressive dose. In humans, exposure to the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Aldicarb, was received through contaminated well water. The known exposure was for at least 1 year and could have been as long as 5 years. Various tests of the immune system, including lymphocyte subset counts, proliferative responses, total immunoglobulin levels and specific antibody responses did not reveal immunodeficiency. Increases in the numbers of CD8 positive T lymphocytes was observed. There was no evidence of any increase in clinical illness in the exposed compared with the control group.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aldicarb', 'Animals', 'Environmental Pollutants', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulins', 'Lymphocyte Subsets', 'Lymphocytes', 'Macaca mulatta', 'Middle Aged', 'Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins']
| 2,048,762
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D02.241.081.251.046'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.888.284'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485', 'D12.776.124.790.651', 'D12.776.377.715.548'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510.550'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.309.500.450', 'D03.633.300.786']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Action of ammonium meta vanadate on hepatic enzymes in vitro.
|
In an in vitro study with rat liver, ammonium meta vanadate (NH4VO3) was found to inhibit microsomal ketamine N-demethylation, lipid peroxidation, and hydrogen peroxide formation; to have no effects on 4-methylaminoantipyrine N-demethylation and on glucuronyltransferase I activity, and to enhance glucuronyltransferase II. Mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome c reductase were inhibited but cytochrome oxidase activity was enhanced by ammonium vanadate. Ammonium meta vanadate increased malate dehydrogenase activity but had no effect on glutamate, lactate, glycerophosphate, isocitrate, glucose-6-phosphate, and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenases.
|
['Animals', 'Cytosol', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Liver', 'Microsomes, Liver', 'Mitochondria, Liver', 'Rats', 'Vanadium']
| 6,605,135
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['E05.481'], ['A03.620'], ['A11.284.835.540.541'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564.461', 'A11.284.835.626.461'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D01.268.556.920', 'D01.268.956.886', 'D01.552.544.920']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Equity in access to public dental services: the experience from Norway.
|
The aim of this study was to identify possible factors associated with the marked geographical variation in supply of public dental services in Norway. We identified three sources for this uneven distribution: differences in dental care needs, differences in revenue levels between counties, and differences in the party composition of the county councils. Analyses were undertaken to ascertain whether these factors were related to the variation in the number of man-labor years of public dental officers. The analyses were performed on a set of data from Norwegian counties for the period 1985-92. There was an association between the number of man-labor years of public dental officers and our indicators of dental care needs, county revenue, and party composition of the county councils. Our findings are encouraging, as they indicate that the county councils seemed to respond to the dental care needs of the local population. On the other hand, there were inequalities in supply of public dental services that were due to differences in revenue between counties. From an equity point of view, this inequality is undesirable. The inequality could most likely be reduced by decreasing the variation in revenue between counties. Differences in party composition of the county councils had only a small effect on the geographical variation in the number of man-labor years of public dental officers.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Dental Health Services', 'Dentists', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Health Services Needs and Demand', 'Humans', 'Income', 'Infant', 'Local Government', 'Norway', 'Politics', 'Public Health Dentistry', 'Regression Analysis', 'Small-Area Analysis', 'Workforce']
| 11,831,487
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['N02.421.240'], ['M01.526.485.330', 'N02.360.330'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['N03.349.380.420', 'N05.300.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N01.824.417'], ['M01.060.703'], ['I01.409.700', 'N03.540.348.750'], ['Z01.542.816.374'], ['I01.738'], ['H02.163.876.770', 'N06.890'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.740.250.675', 'N05.715.360.750.200.750', 'N06.850.520.830.250.675'], ['N04.452.525']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
COVID-19: Initial Perioperative and Perianesthesia Nursing Response in a Military Medical Center.
|
Nurses have historically led efforts to improve the health of populations while simultaneously and unselfishly providing care during pivotal moments of national need. The COVID-19 pandemic has placed an unprecedented strain on the US health care system, including severe shortages of hospital beds, supplies, equipment, pharmaceuticals, and healthy frontline clinicians. Perioperative and perianesthesia leaders and clinicians have unique opportunities to provide patient care during the COVID-19 crisis. In this manuscript, we describe the initial changing roles and contributions of perioperative and perianesthesia registered nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic and share recent experiences from a military medical center. Perioperative and perianesthesia nurses are vital to the overall nursing viability of the health care system, as they possess the requisite knowledge and skills to provide expert clinical care in many hospital settings and meet the demands of a global pandemic.
|
['COVID-19', 'Clinical Competence', 'Coronavirus Infections', 'Hospitals, Military', 'Humans', "Nurse's Role", 'Pandemics', 'Perioperative Nursing', 'Pneumonia, Viral', 'United States']
| 32,561,253
|
[['C01.748.214', 'C01.748.610.763.500', 'C01.925.705.500', 'C01.925.782.600.550.200.163', 'C08.381.677.807.500', 'C08.730.214', 'C08.730.610.763.500'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['C01.925.782.600.550.200'], ['N02.278.421.510.180.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.316.616.625.450', 'N05.300.100.337'], ['N06.850.290.200.600'], ['E02.760.731.500', 'H02.478.676.650', 'N02.421.533.710', 'N02.421.585.722.500'], ['C01.748.610.763', 'C01.925.705', 'C08.381.677.807', 'C08.730.610.763'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Costs and outcomes of total hip and knee joint replacement for rheumatoid arthritis.
|
The objective of the study was to ascertain costs and outcomes of total joint replacement surgery for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Australia from the patients' perspective and to explore whether costs were affected by health status pre- or postsurgery. RA patients, scheduled for primary unilateral total knee replacement (TKR) or total hip replacement (THR) surgery at five Sydney hospitals, were approached. Preoperatively, patients retrospectively recorded expenses incurred over the previous 3 months and the health assessment questionnaire (HAQ). Postoperatively, patients completed detailed prospective cost diaries, short form (SF) 36, and HAQ every 3 months during the first postoperative year. In addition, patients were asked to complete a visual analogue measure for pain at 12 months postsurgery. Arthritis-specific cost information included prescription and nonprescription medication, visits to health professionals, tests, special equipment, alterations to the house, and use of private or community services. Thirty-one TKR and 11 THR patients provided cost data for the first postoperative year. Out-of-pocket costs and service utilization decreased over the first postoperative year for both TKR and THR patients. In addition, there was an improvement in the health status as measured by SF-36 but not the HAQ at 3 and 12 months postoperatively. The small sample size of this analysis is reflective of the current national trends of RA joint replacement surgery. Despite the low incidence of RA joint replacement surgery, it was substantiated that patients consider the positive impact on health outcomes and costs important. The generic SF-36 detected improvements in the health status of these RA patients, while total HAQ scores failed to do so. HAQ was found to be insensitive in reflecting improvements following lower limb replacement surgery. Patient out-of-pocket costs significantly decreased postoperatively; however, these costs remain substantial compared to osteoarthritis total joint replacement patients.
|
['Aged', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip', 'Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee', 'Australia', 'Female', 'Health Expenditures', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Quality of Life', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 18,500,442
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['E04.555.110.110.110', 'E04.650.110.110', 'E04.680.101.110.110'], ['E04.555.110.110.115', 'E04.650.110.115', 'E04.680.101.110.115'], ['Z01.639.100', 'Z01.678.100.373'], ['N03.219.151.450', 'N05.300.385'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Antibody to staphylococcal enterotoxin A-induced human immune interferon (IFN gamma).
|
Antiserum to human gamma interferon (IFN gamma) was produced in rabbits immunized with partially purified (10(4.8) to 10(6.2) antiviral U/mg protein) staphylococcal enterotoxin A-induced IFN gamma. Staphylococcal enterotoxins, phytohemagglutinin M, concanavalin A, and pokeweed mitogen-induced antiviral activity in human leukocyte cultures was neutralized to undetectable levels by the antiserum. However, human leukocyte interferon (IFN alpha), human fibroblast interferon (IFN beta), and mouse interferons were not neutralized by the antiserum. After determining the antiserum was specific for IFN gamma and did not neutralize other known types of interferon, it was used with antibody to human IFN alpha to demonstrate the type(s) of interferon stimulated by some new inducers and antigens. Galactose oxidase- and calcium ionophore-induced interferons were neutralized to undetectable levels by the antiserum to IFN gamma. Interferon produced in leukocyte cultures from tuberculin-negative individuals stimulated with tuberculin-purified protein derivative or old tuberculin was IFN alpha, whereas interferon from tuberculin-positive individuals was a combination of alpha and gamma IFN. In addition, the antiserum neutralized the anticellular and natural killer cell enhancement activities of IFN gamma preparations. The specificity of this antiserum for IFN gamma indicates that it is an additional, powerful tool for identifying and classifying known and new interferons produced in vitro or in vivo and for investigating the role(s) of IFN gamma during the course of infectious, neoplastic, and autoimmune diseases.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Viral', 'Antibody Formation', 'Antibody Specificity', 'Enterotoxins', 'Humans', 'Immune Sera', 'Immunity, Cellular', 'Interferons', 'Killer Cells, Natural', 'Rabbits', 'Staphylococcus']
| 6,162,895
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254'], ['G12.450.050.370.250'], ['G12.100'], ['D23.946.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A12.207.152.846.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.114.573', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.573', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.573', 'D20.215.401'], ['G12.450.050.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440', 'D12.776.467.374.440', 'D23.529.374.440'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.537', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.537', 'A15.382.490.555.567.537'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750', 'B03.353.500.750.750', 'B03.510.100.750.750', 'B03.510.400.790.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Bypass surgery for complex middle cerebral artery aneurysms: impact of the exact location in the MCA tree.
|
OBJECT: The object of this study was to describe the authors' institutional experience in the treatment of complex middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms necessitating bypass and vessel sacrifice.METHODS: Cases in which patients with MCA aneurysms were treated with a combination of bypass and parent artery sacrifice were reviewed retrospectively.RESULTS: The authors identified 24 patients (mean age 46 years) who were treated with bypass and parent artery sacrifice. The aneurysms were located in the M1 segment in 7 patients, MCA bifurcation in 8, and more distally in 9. The mean aneurysm diameter was 30 mm (range 7-60 mm, median 26 mm). There were 8 saccular and 16 fusiform aneurysms. Twenty-one extracranial-intracranial and 4 intracranial-intracranial bypasses were performed. Partial or total trapping (only) of the parent artery was performed in 17 cases, trapping with resection of aneurysm in 3, and aneurysm clipping with sacrifice of an M2 branch in 4. The mean follow-up period was 27 months. The aneurysm obliteration rate was 100%. No recanalization of the aneurysms was detected during follow-up. There was 1 perioperative death (4% mortality rate) and 6 cerebrovascular accidents, causing permanent morbidity in 5 patients. The median modified Rankin Scale score of patients with an M1 aneurysm increased from 0 preoperatively to 2 at latest follow-up, while the score was unchanged in other patients. Most of the permanent deficits were associated with M1 aneurysms. Twenty-one patients (88%) had good outcome as defined by a Glasgow Outcome Scale score of 4 or 5.CONCLUSIONS: Bypass in combination with parent vessel occlusion is a useful technique with acceptable frequencies of morbidity and mortality for complex MCA aneurysms when conventional surgical or endovascular techniques are not feasible. The location of the aneurysm should be considered when planning the type of bypass and the site of vessel occlusion. Flow alteration by partial trapping may be preferable to total trapping for the M1 aneurysms.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Anesthesia', 'Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations', 'Cerebral Angiography', 'Cerebrovascular Circulation', 'Child', 'Embolization, Therapeutic', 'Female', 'Glasgow Outcome Scale', 'Humans', 'Intracranial Aneurysm', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Middle Cerebral Artery', 'Neurosurgical Procedures', 'Thrombectomy', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 24,286,147
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E03.155'], ['C10.500.190', 'C14.240.850.875', 'C16.131.240.850.875', 'C16.131.666.190'], ['E01.370.350.578.937.180', 'E01.370.350.700.060.180', 'E01.370.350.700.560.180', 'E01.370.370.050.180', 'E01.370.376.537.750.180', 'E05.629.937.180'], ['G09.330.100.159'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E02.520.360', 'E02.926.500'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.875.260', 'E05.944.510', 'N04.452.859.564.800.260', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.800.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.300.510.600', 'C14.907.055.635', 'C14.907.253.560.300'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A07.015.114.228.550'], ['E04.525'], ['E04.100.814.842'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Apoptosis-like death was involved in freeze-drying-preserved fungus Mucor rouxii and can be inhibited by L-proline.
|
UNLABELLED: Freeze-drying is one of the most effective methods to preserve fungi for an extended period. However, it is associated with a loss of viability and shortened storage time in some fungi. This study evaluated the stresses that led to the death of freeze-dried Mucor rouxii by using cell apoptotic methods. The results showed there were apoptosis-inducing stresses, such as the generation of obvious intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and metacaspase activation. Moreover, nuclear condensation and a delayed cell death peak were determined after rehydration and 24 h incubation in freeze-dried M. rouxii via a propidium iodide (PI) assay, which is similar to the phenomenon of cryopreservation-induced delayed-onset cell death (CIDOCD). Then, several protective agents were tested to decrease the apoptosis-inducing stresses and to improve the viability. Finally, it was found that 1.6 mM L-proline can effectively decrease the nuclear condensation rate and increase the survival rate in freeze-dried M. rouxii.IN CONCLUSION: (1) apoptosis-inducing factors occur in freeze-dried M. rouxii. (2) ROS and activated metacaspases lead to death in freeze-dried M. rouxii. (3)L-proline increases the survival rate of freeze-dried M. rouxii.
|
['Apoptosis', 'Caspases', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Cell Survival', 'Freeze Drying', 'Mucor', 'Proline', 'Reactive Oxygen Species']
| 26,681,175
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126', 'D12.644.360.075.405', 'D12.776.476.075.405'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['G04.346'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160.260', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160.260', 'E02.792.156.260', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160.260', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160.260', 'E05.760.156.260'], ['B01.300.300.500.500'], ['D12.125.072.401.623'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Construction and molecular dynamics simulation of calmodulin in the extended and in a bent conformation.
|
Analysis of sequence similarity and comparison of the three-dimensional (3D) structures of troponin C and calmodulin have revealed a sequence in the central helix of calmodulin with a high probability for bending. The three amino acids known to form a bend in the N-terminal portion of troponin C are also found in the central helix of calmodulin. The modelling of a bent calmodulin structure, using the dihedral angles of the three residues in the bend of troponin C as a 3D template, results in a conformation of calmodulin where the N- and C-terminal domains are able to form contacts. Dynamics simulations starting from the X-ray structure of calmodulin and from the modelled bent calmodulin were carried out to compare flexibility and correlated movements of Ca2+ in the binding loops. Both conformations of calmodulin remained stable during the period of simulation. In the simulation of calmodulin in the extended form, the motions of the Ca2+ atoms in the two domains (Ca2+1 and Ca2+2 in one domain, and Ca2+3 and Ca2+4 in the other) are correlated. In the simulation of the bent form, an additional correlation between the Ca atoms in the two different domains is observed. The results are compatible with the occurrence of a bent conformation of calmodulin in the presence of targets, and with increased Ca2+ affinity and cooperativity of the Ca(2+)-binding loops in the calmodulin-peptide complexes.
|
['Calcium', 'Calmodulin', 'Cations', 'Protein Conformation', 'X-Ray Diffraction']
| 1,541,304
|
[['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D12.644.360.372.249', 'D12.776.157.125.412.249', 'D12.776.476.387.249'], ['D01.248.497.300'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['E05.196.309.742', 'E05.196.822.950', 'G01.867.950', 'G02.965']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of pomegranate peel extract on the oxidative stability of pomegranate seed oil.
|
Pomegranate seed oil is valuable source of bioactive compounds with health-beneficial effects, but it is sensitive to oxidation due to high content of PUFA. In order to improve stability of pomegranate seed oil, the influence of natural antioxidant (0.1% pomegranate peel extract) and a combination of synthetic antioxidant (0.01% butylhydroxytoluene) and pomegranate peel extract (0.05%) was investigated. The oxidation process was followed by monitoring fatty acid composition and measuring the quality and stability parameters of oil (acid value, peroxide value, anisidine value and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances value) during storage for 12 days at 65 ⁰C. Furthermore, total phenolic content and DPPH radical scavenging activity was measured. Pomegranate peel extract as well as a combination of pomegranate peel extract and BHT can have a significant positive impact (P < 0.05) on improvement of the quality and stability parameters of pomegranate seed oil. Furthermore, such activity was better than BHT used alone.
|
['Antioxidants', 'Butylated Hydroxytoluene', 'Fruit', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Phenols', 'Plant Extracts', 'Plant Oils', 'Pomegranate', 'Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances']
| 32,682,230
|
[['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.239.216'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D10.627.700', 'D20.215.784.750'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.833.500.625'], ['D02.047.700.700', 'D27.720.470.410.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Options to meet the future global demand of radionuclides for radionuclide therapy.
|
Nuclear medicine continues to represent one of the important modalities for cancer management. While diagnostic nuclear medicine for cancer management is fairly well established, therapeutic strategies using radionuclides are yet to be utilized to their full potential. Even if 1% of the patients undergoing diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures can benefit from subsequent nuclear therapeutic intervention, the radionuclide requirement for nuclear therapeutics would be expected to be in the multi-million Curie levels. Meeting the demand for such high levels of therapeutic radionuclides at an affordable price is an important task for the success of radionuclide therapy. Although different types of particle emitters (beta, alpha, Auger electron etc.) have been evaluated for treating a wide variety of diseases, the use of â⁻ emitting radionuclides is most feasible owing to their ease of production and availability. Several â⁻ emitting radionuclides have been successfully used to treat different kind of diseases. However, many of these radionuclides are not suitable to meet the projected demand owing to the non-availability with sufficiently high specific activity and adequate quantity because of high production costs, relatively short half-lives etc. This article describes the advantages and disadvantages for broader uses of some of the well known therapeutic radionuclides. In addition, radioisotopes which are expected to have the potential to meet the growing demand of therapeutic radionuclides are also discussed.
|
['Beta Particles', 'Gamma Rays', 'Half-Life', 'Humans', 'Internationality', 'Radioisotopes', 'Radiotherapy']
| 23,116,551
|
[['G01.750.750.125'], ['G01.358.500.505.300', 'G01.750.250.300', 'G01.750.750.400'], ['G01.910.405'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.615'], ['D01.496.749'], ['E02.815']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
RAB2A: a major subacrosomal protein of bovine spermatozoa implicated in acrosomal biogenesis.
|
The perinuclear theca (PT) of mammalian sperm is a unique subcellular structure encapsulating the nucleus. Compositionally, the PT is made up of at least six prominent polypeptides (60, 36, 31, 28, 24, and 15 kDa), of which only two have been sequence identified, as well as many less prominent ones. As an ongoing process in unveiling the protein composition of the PT, we have uncovered the sequence identity of the prominent 24-kDa polypeptide (PT24). Initial N-terminal sequence analysis obtained by Edman degradation suggested that PT24 is a RAB2 protein. This was corroborated by mass spectrometric analyses of trypsin-digested fragments of PT24, identifying RAB2A of the RAB2 subfamily as the best sequence match. Quadrapole/time-of-flight analysis identified 72%% sequence coverage between PT24 and bull, human, mouse, or rabbit RAB2A. Since a genome search only identified two RAB2 subfamily members, RAB2A and RAB2B, the 72%% sequence coverage of PT24 provides assurance that this protein is RAB2A and not a new RAB2 subfamily member. Furthermore, commercial RAB2A antibodies, raised against oligopeptide fragments in the unique C-terminal region of RAB2A, specifically labeled PT24 on Western blot analysis of PT extracts. These anti-RAB2A antibodies, along with immune serum that we raised and affinity purified against isolated PT24, demonstrated at both light and electron microscope levels that RAB2 is associated with the periphery of the growing proacrosomic and acrosomic vesicles in the Golgi and cap phases of spermiogenesis and consequently assembled as part of the PT. This pattern of subacrosomal assembly is reminiscent of the pathway used by SubH2Bv (PT15), another prominent and exclusive subacrosomal protein, indicating a common route for subacrosomal-PT assembly. Traditionally somatic RAB2 proteins are involved in vesicular transport between the endoplasmic reticulum and the cis-side of the Golgi apparatus. Our study suggests an unprecedented direction of RAB2A-mediated vesicular transport in spermatids during acrosomal biogenesis, from the trans-side of the Golgi apparatus to the nuclear envelope.
|
['Acrosome', 'Algorithms', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Golgi Apparatus', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Models, Biological', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Nuclear Envelope', 'Protein Isoforms', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Spermatozoa', 'Transport Vesicles', 'rab2 GTP-Binding Protein']
| 18,401,013
|
[['A05.360.490.890.820.100', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.550.040', 'A11.497.760.400.100'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.336'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['A11.284.149.165.630', 'A11.284.149.450.700', 'A11.284.430.106.279.692', 'A11.284.835.514.700'], ['D12.776.800'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['A05.360.490.890', 'A11.497.760'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.880'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.400.050', 'D12.644.360.525.400.050', 'D12.776.157.325.515.400.050', 'D12.776.476.525.400.050']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty Provides Higher Activity and Durability Than Valgus-Producing Proximal Tibial Osteotomy at 5 to 7 Years.
|
BACKGROUND: The cases of patients with medial compartment osteoarthritis who were ?55 years old and had a proximal tibial osteotomy (PTO) or medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) were compared. Outcomes included postoperative activity level, function, and survivorship free of revision to total knee arthroplasty.METHODS: Between 1998 and 2013, data were available for 240 patients between 18 and 55 years old with medial compartment arthritis and varus malalignment who were treated either with PTO (57 patients) or with UKA (183 patients). The mean age was 42.7 years for the 57 patients (41 men and 16 women) in the PTO group versus 49.2 years for the 183 patients (82 men and 101 women) in the UKA group. The Tegner activity level and Lysholm knee scores were evaluated at 3 months and at 1, 2, and 5 years postoperatively as well as at the time of the final follow-up. The end point for survival was defined as revision to total knee arthroplasty. A Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to evaluate the difference between the groups with respect to the Tegner and Lysholm scores at the respective follow-up intervals. Multivariate regression was used to assess potential confounders.RESULTS: Preoperatively, the PTO and UKA groups had similar Tegner (3.0 ± 1.3 and 2.6 ± 0.09, respectively) and Lysholm scores (69.5 ± 7.3 and 71.6 ± 5.4). Postoperatively, the UKA group had significantly superior mean Tegner scores compared with the PTO group at 3 months (3.82 and 2.02, respectively), at 2 years (4.33 and 3.75), and at the time of the final follow-up (4.48 and 3.08), while the Lysholm scores were higher at 3 months (88.0 and 76.3) and at the final follow-up (90.0 and 80.2) (p < 0.01 for all). Multivariate analysis showed UKA to be an independent predictor of activity level at 3 months, 1 year, and 2 years, as well as at the final follow-up. The survivorship was 77% in the PTO group at an average of 7.2 years and 94% in the UKA group at an average of 5.8 years (p < 0.01). The average time to failure was 98 months (range, 38 to 169 months) in the PTO group and 42 months (range, 2 to 123 months) in the UKA group (p < 0.01).CONCLUSIONS: In this comparative cohort study of young patients with isolated unicompartmental arthritis, those treated with UKA reached a higher level of activity early after surgery and it persisted at mid-term follow-up. The UKA group had earlier, but less frequent, revision to total knee arthroplasty.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Knee Prosthesis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteoarthritis, Knee', 'Osteotomy', 'Prosthesis Failure', 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'Reoperation', 'Tibia', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 28,099,301
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E04.555.110.110.115', 'E04.650.110.115', 'E04.680.101.110.115'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.695.400.410'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.550.114.606.500', 'C05.799.613.500'], ['E04.555.580'], ['C23.550.767.865', 'E05.325.771'], ['E01.370.600.700', 'G11.427.760'], ['E04.690'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.883'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Augmentation or inhibition of IFN-gamma-induced MHC class II expression by lipopolysaccharides. The roles of TNF-alpha and nitric oxide, and the importance of the sequence of signaling.
|
MHC class II expression on macrophages is one determinant of Ag presentation and the vigor of CD4+ T cell immunity. We show that LPS may either inhibit or augment IFN-gamma-induced MHC class II on macrophages depending on the sequence of the IFN-gamma and LPS signals. LPS inhibited MHC class II when added simultaneously with IFN-gamma, but augmented class II expression when added after IFN-gamma. Inhibition was due to nitric oxide (NO), which was only produced if LPS was given simultaneously with IFN-gamma. However, even when NO production was inhibited, LPS given simultaneously with IFN-gamma did not augment MHC class II expression. This suggests that LPS delivers different signals when given simultaneously vs after IFN-gamma. LPS augmentation of class II expression was functionally important because it correlated with increased Ag presentation. Augmentation by LPS of IFN-gamma-induced class II expression by macrophages has not been previously reported. We found that TNF-alpha, like LPS, inhibited IFN-gamma-induced class II expression if NO was produced, but augmented it in the absence of NO formation. Studies with a neutralizing anti-TNF-alpha Ab, however, indicate that LPS augmentation of MHC class II did not require TNF-alpha. LPS augmentation involved a different mechanism than IFN-gamma induction of MHC class II. LPS augmentation occurred at a post-transcriptional level, whereas IFN-gamma-induction occurred at the level of gene transcription. LPS augmentation was apparent after 2 h of stimulation by LPS, while IFN-gamma induction of class II expression required more than 8 h.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Drug Synergism', 'Female', 'Histocompatibility Antigens Class II', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Macrophages', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C3H', 'Nitric Oxide', 'RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional', 'Signal Transduction', 'Time Factors', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 7,499,872
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['G07.690.773.968.477'], ['D12.776.395.550.509', 'D12.776.543.550.440', 'D23.050.301.500.400', 'D23.050.705.552.410'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.388', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.388'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['G02.111.760', 'G03.839', 'G05.308.700'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Parallelism between male mating propensity and chromosome arrangement frequency in natural populations of Drosophila ananassae.
|
Mating ability of different karyotypes due to sub-terminal (alpha or In(2L)A) inversion in 2L from two natural populations of Drosophila ananassae was investigated. The results show that the average number of females inseminated by a single male in 12-hour period varies for different karyotypes in males. The analysis of variance indicates that the differences are highly significant for males in both the populations studied. However, the averages for different karyotypes in females show no variation and thus homo- and heterokaryotypic females are equally receptive. The males heterozygous for inversion show greater mating propensity as compared with homokaryotypic males which provides evidence for heterosis associated with AL inversion in D. ananassae with respect to male mating activity. Furthermore, the comparison of male mating propensity with chromosome arrangement frequency in both the natural populations suggests that there is a correlation between mating propensity and chromosome arrangement frequency in natural populations of D. ananassae.
|
['Animals', 'Chromosomes', 'Drosophila', 'Female', 'Genetics, Population', 'Male', 'Polymorphism, Genetic']
| 3,366,629
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.284.187', 'A11.284.430.106.279.345.190', 'G05.360.162'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250'], ['H01.158.273.343.335'], ['G05.365.795']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Expansion of human embryonic stem cells in defined serum-free medium devoid of animal-derived products.
|
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) can serve as an unlimited cell source for cellular transplantation and tissue engineering due to their prolonged proliferation capacity and their unique ability to differentiate into derivatives of all three-germ layers. In order to reliably and safely produce hESCs, use of reagents that are defined, qualified, and preferably derived from a non-animal source is desirable. Traditionally, mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) have been used as feeder cells to culture undifferentiated hESCs. We recently reported a scalable feeder-free culture system using medium conditioned by MEFs. The base and conditioned medium (CM) still contain unknown bovine and murine-derived components, respectively. In this study, we report the development of a hESC culture system that utilizes a commercially available serum-free medium (SFM) containing human sourced and recombinant proteins supplemented with recombinant growth factor(s) and does not require conditioning with feeder cells. In this system, which employs human laminin coated surface and high concentration of hbFGF, the hESCs maintained undifferentiated hESC morphology and had a twofold increase in expansion compared to hESCs grown in MEF-CM. The hESCs also expressed surface markers SSEA-4 and Tra-1-60 and maintained expression of hTERT, Oct4, and Cripto genes similar to cells cultured in MEF-CM. In addition, hESCs maintained in this culture system were able to differentiate in vitro and in vivo into cells of all three-germ layers. The cells maintained a normal karyotype after prolonged culture in SFM. In summary, this study demonstrates that the hESCs cultured in defined non-conditioned serum-free medium (NC-SFM) supplemented with growth factor(s) retain the characteristics and replicative potential of hESCs. The use of defined culture system with NC-SFM on human laminin simplifies scale-up and allows for reproducible generation of hESCs under defined and controlled conditions that would serve as a starting material for production of hESC derived cells for therapeutic use.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Culture Techniques', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Culture Media, Conditioned', 'Culture Media, Serum-Free', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Embryo, Mammalian', 'Fibroblast Growth Factors', 'Growth Substances', 'Humans', 'Laminin', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Stem Cells']
| 15,971,228
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.500.223', 'E05.200.500.265', 'E05.242.223', 'E05.481.500.249'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251'], ['D27.720.470.305.250', 'E07.206.250'], ['D27.720.470.305.255', 'E07.206.255'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['A16.254'], ['D12.644.276.624', 'D12.776.467.624', 'D23.529.624'], ['D27.505.696.377'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.395.550.530', 'D12.776.543.550.500', 'D12.776.860.300.675'], ['D12.776.828'], ['A11.872']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sensibility following innervated free TRAM flap for breast reconstruction: Part II. Innervation improves patient-rated quality of life.
|
BACKGROUND: Restoring sensory innervation may be a useful adjunct in free flap head and neck reconstruction but, as yet, has not been shown to improve outcomes of breast reconstruction. The authors' previous study demonstrated objectively improved sensation in a group of innervated transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM) flap breast reconstruction patients relative to noninnervated flaps. This study compared patient-rated outcomes of free TRAM breast reconstruction in innervated versus noninnervated flaps.METHODS: Twenty-seven women were randomized prospectively to undergo either innervated or noninnervated free TRAM flap breast reconstruction. For innervated flaps, the T10 intercostal nerve was harvested with the TRAM flap and neurotized to the T4 sensory nerve at the recipient site. Three validated outcome tools were administered after surgery: the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey, the Body Image after Breast Cancer Questionnaire, and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast. Results were correlated with previously reported objective sensibility outcomes.RESULTS: Eighteen of 27 women returned their questionnaires a mean 48 months after free TRAM flap reconstruction. Demographic analysis revealed no significant differences in patient age, height, smoking, radiation therapy, and nipple-areola complex reconstruction between randomized patient groups. There was a statistically significant improvement in all three measures in patients who were randomized to receive innervated free TRAM flaps compared with those receiving noninnervated flaps.CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that innervation of free TRAM flaps used for breast reconstruction not only improves sensibility but also has a positive effect on patient-rated quality of life.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Body Image', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Mammaplasty', 'Mastectomy, Modified Radical', 'Microsurgery', 'Middle Aged', 'Nerve Transfer', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Prospective Studies', 'Quality of Life', 'Rectus Abdominis', 'Surgical Flaps', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Touch', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 20,009,826
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.752.747.792.110', 'F02.463.593.112'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['N05.715.350.240', 'N06.850.490.718'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.218.565', 'E04.680.500'], ['E04.466.678.476'], ['E04.494', 'E05.591.580'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.525.550'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['A02.633.567.050.800'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['F02.830.816.850', 'G11.561.790.850'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Midline-derived Shh regulates mesonephric tubule formation through the paraxial mesoderm.
|
During organogenesis, Sonic hedgehog (Shh) possesses dual functions: Shh emanating from midline structures regulates the positioning of bilateral structures at early stages, whereas organ-specific Shh locally regulates organ morphogenesis at later stages. The mesonephros is a transient embryonic kidney in amniote, whereas it becomes definitive adult kidney in some anamniotes. Thus, elucidating the regulation of mesonephros formation has important implications for our understanding of kidney development and evolution. In Shh knockout (KO) mutant mice, the mesonephros was displaced towards the midline and ectopic mesonephric tubules (MTs) were present in the caudal mesonephros. Mesonephros-specific ablation of Shh in Hoxb7-Cre;Shh(flox/-) and Sall1(CreERT2/+);Shh(flox/-) mice embryos indicated that Shh expressed in the mesonephros was not required for either the development of the mesonephros or the differentiation of the male reproductive tract. Moreover, stage-specific ablation of Shh in Shh(CreERT2/flox) mice showed that notochord- and/or floor plate-derived Shh were essential for the regulation of the number and position of MTs. Lineage analysis of hedgehog (Hh)-responsive cells, and analysis of gene expression in Shh KO embryos suggested that Shh regulated nephrogenic gene expression indirectly, possibly through effects on the paraxial mesoderm. These data demonstrate the essential role of midline-derived Shh in local tissue morphogenesis and differentiation.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Lineage', 'Crosses, Genetic', 'Female', 'Forkhead Transcription Factors', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Hedgehog Proteins', 'In Situ Hybridization', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Mesoderm', 'Mesonephros', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred ICR', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Notochord']
| 24,370,450
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.152'], ['G04.172', 'G07.345.500.325.180.500', 'G08.686.155', 'G08.686.784.170.104.249'], ['E05.393.281'], ['D12.776.260.950.249', 'D12.776.930.977.249'], ['G05.308.310'], ['D12.644.276.671', 'D12.776.467.671', 'D23.529.671'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325', 'E05.393.661.475'], ['A05.810.453'], ['A16.504.660'], ['A16.599'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.510', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.510'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['A16.660']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Integrated microelectrode array and microfluidics for temperature clamp of sensory neurons in culture.
|
A device for cell culture is presented that combines MEMS technology and liquid-phase photolithography to create a microfluidic chip that influences and records electrical cellular activity. A photopolymer channel network is formed on top of a multichannel microelectrode array. Preliminary results indicated successful local thermal control within microfluidic channels and control of lamina position over the electrode array. To demonstrate the biological application of such a device, adult dissociated dorsal root ganglion neurons with a subpopulation of thermally-sensitive cells are attached onto the electrode array. Using laminar flow, dynamic control of local temperature of the neural cells was achieved while maintaining a constant chemical culture medium. Recording the expected altered cellular activity confirms the success of the integrated device.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Animals', 'Equipment Design', 'Ganglia, Spinal', 'Microelectrodes', 'Microfluidic Analytical Techniques', 'Neurons, Afferent', 'Patch-Clamp Techniques', 'Temperature']
| 15,616,746
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.320'], ['A08.340.390.340', 'A08.800.350.340', 'A08.800.800.720.725.350'], ['E07.305.250.500'], ['E05.588.465'], ['A08.675.650', 'A11.671.650'], ['E05.200.500.905', 'E05.242.800'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Isolation of the volatile oil from Satureja thymbra by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction: chemical composition and biological activity.
|
Satureja thymbra L. is well known in Italy by the popular name of "Santoreggia sarda". It grows only in Sardinia and nowadays it is restricted to the slope of the Colle San Michele in Cagliari. The composition of the aromatic extracts obtained by supercritical CO2 and by hydrodistillation and their antifungal activity is reported. The collected extracts were analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS methods. No significant differences were observed in the composition of the volatile extracts depending on the extraction method. The results showed the presence of thymol, gamma-terpinene, beta-caryophyllene, p-cymene, carvacrol and borneol as main components. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimal lethal concentration (MLC) were used to evaluate the antifungal activity of the oils against Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, C. krusei, C. guillermondii, C. parapsilosis, Cryptococcus neoformans, Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, T. mentagrophytes var. interdigitale, Trichophyton rubrum, T. verrucosum, Microsporum canis, M. gypseum, Epidermophyton floccosum, Aspergillus niger, A. fumigatus and A. flavus. The volatile extracts revealed a wide-spectrum antifungal activity. They were fungicidal and similarly potent against yeasts, dermatophyte and Aspergillus stains, with MICs ranging from 0.16 to 0.32 pL x mL(-1).
|
['Carbon Dioxide', 'Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid', 'Oils, Volatile', 'Plant Oils', 'Satureja']
| 22,164,799
|
[['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['E05.196.181.750'], ['D10.627.675'], ['D10.627.700', 'D20.215.784.750'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.583.520.935']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Epidural infection associated with epidural catheterization in a cancer patient with back pain: case report.
|
Single epidural injections of local anaesthetic/steroid mixtures and epidural catheterization are useful in controlling pain when other measures fail. However, epidural infection is a recognized risk of these procedures, but can be difficult to diagnose. This case report illustrates the complexity of diagnosis and management of epidural infection.
|
['Analgesia, Epidural', 'Back Pain', 'Cross Infection', 'Epidural Space', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Risk Factors', 'Sacrum', 'Spinal Neoplasms', 'Staphylococcal Infections']
| 7,952,374
|
[['E03.091.080'], ['C23.888.592.612.107'], ['C01.248', 'C23.550.291.875.500'], ['A02.835.232.834.803.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['A02.835.232.834.717'], ['C04.588.149.828', 'C05.116.231.828', 'C05.116.900.801'], ['C01.150.252.410.868']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Hybrid Magnetic-DNA Directed Immobilisation Approach for Efficient Protein Capture and Detection on Microfluidic Platforms.
|
In this study, a hybrid magnetic-DNA directed immobilisation approach is presented to enhance protein capture and detection on a microfluidic platform. DNA-modified magnetic nanoparticles are added in a solution to capture fluorescently labelled immunocomplexes to be detected optically. A magnetic set-up composed of cubic permanent magnets and a microchannel was designed and implemented based on finite element analysis results to efficiently concentrate the nanoparticles only over a defined area of the microchannel as the sensing zone. This in turn, led to the fluorescence emission localisation and the searching area reduction. Also, compared to processes in which the immunocomplex is formed directly on the surface, the proposed approach provides a lower steric hindrance, higher mass transfer, lower equilibrium time, and more surface concentration of the captured targets leading to a faster and more sensitive detection. As a proof-of-concept, the set-up is capable of detecting prostate-specific membrane antigen with concentrations down to 0.7 nM. Our findings suggest that the approach holds a great promise for applications in clinical assays and disease diagnosis.
|
['Animals', 'DNA', 'Finite Element Analysis', 'Magnetic Phenomena', 'Mice', 'Microfluidic Analytical Techniques', 'Nanoparticles', 'Proteins']
| 28,298,637
|
[['B01.050'], ['D13.444.308'], ['E05.355'], ['G01.358'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E05.588.465'], ['J01.637.512.600'], ['D12.776']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
If you hold it off-hours, will they come? Results from a feasibility project intended to stimulate interest in the physician-investigator career path among medical oncology trainees.
|
BACKGROUND: An "endangered species," the physician-scientist faces challenges in oncology. The authors thus implemented a series of voluntary off-hours sessions on academic development for their trainees.METHODS: Numerous workday interruptions among trainees led the authors to conclude that off-hours sessions would be preferable. Thus, this feasibility project was conducted. All 34 trainees were invited to a session and were surveyed thereafter. An attendance rate of >or=34% was to be a "success."RESULTS: Seventy percent of trainees attended, and over 90% said they would do so again. Write-in comments were mostly favorable.CONCLUSIONS: Off-hours sessions to discuss academic career development are feasible among medical oncology trainees.
|
['Biomedical Research', 'Career Choice', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Medical Oncology', 'Physicians', 'Pilot Projects', 'Research Personnel']
| 19,526,407
|
[['H01.770.644.145'], ['F02.463.785.373.346.400'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.403.429.515'], ['M01.526.485.810', 'N02.360.810'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['M01.526.839']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Changes in the circadian rhythm of urinary cyclic adenosine monophosphate during the alcoholic withdrawal syndrome and related neurobiological correlations].
|
Urinary cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP-c) was measured morning and evening in 35 patients with alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS). 65% of the patients revealed a higher night time than day time concentration of AMP-c in the urine, reflecting increased sympathetic adrenergic activity. The circadian rhythm was lost in 88.55% of the 35 patients. The pathogenic factors and mechanisms involved in AWS are discussed and the contribution of sympathetic adrenergic hyperactivity to the onset of the withdrawal syndrome with its concomitant depression of the cholinergic and GABAergic systems is emphasised. Finally it is suggested that insomnia and the loss of REM sleep may also contribute to the onset of the condition.
|
['Adult', 'Alcoholism', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Clonidine', 'Cyclic AMP', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Piracetam', 'Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders', 'Sleep, REM', 'Substance Withdrawal Syndrome', 'Tiapamil Hydrochloride']
| 2,993,962
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C25.775.100.250', 'F03.900.100.350'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['D03.383.129.308.436.500'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.395', 'D13.695.462.200', 'D13.695.667.138.395', 'D13.695.827.068.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.065.064.650', 'D02.241.081.018.110.650', 'D03.383.773.812.555'], ['C10.886.425.800.800', 'F03.870.400.800.800'], ['F02.830.855.796.671', 'G11.561.803.754.671'], ['C25.775.835', 'F03.900.825'], ['D02.092.471.683.943', 'D02.355.726.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Regulation of L-threonine dehydrogenase in somatic cell reprogramming.
|
Increasing evidence suggests that metabolic remodeling plays an important role in the regulation of somatic cell reprogramming. Threonine catabolism mediated by L-threonine dehydrogenase (TDH) has been recognized as a specific metabolic trait of mouse embryonic stem cells. However, it remains unknown whether TDH-mediated threonine catabolism could regulate reprogramming. Here, we report TDH as a novel regulator of somatic cell reprogramming. Knockdown of TDH inhibits, whereas induction of TDH enhances reprogramming efficiency. Moreover, microRNA-9 post-transcriptionally regulates the expression of TDH and thereby inhibits reprogramming efficiency. Furthermore, protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT5) interacts with TDH and mediates its post-translational arginine methylation. PRMT5 appears to regulate TDH enzyme activity through both methyltransferase-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Functionally, TDH-facilitated reprogramming efficiency is further enhanced by PRMT5. These results suggest that TDH-mediated threonine catabolism controls somatic cell reprogramming and indicate the importance of post-transcriptional and post-translational regulation of TDH.
|
['Alcohol Oxidoreductases', 'Animals', 'Arginine', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cellular Reprogramming', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells', 'Methylation', 'Mice', 'MicroRNAs', 'Protein Methyltransferases', 'Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases', 'RNA Interference', 'Stem Cells', 'Threonine']
| 23,355,387
|
[['D08.811.682.047'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.125.068.050', 'D12.125.095.104', 'D12.125.142.087'], ['G04.152'], ['G04.152.262', 'G05.135'], ['G05.308.310'], ['A11.872.040.500', 'A11.872.700.500'], ['G02.111.035.538', 'G02.607.094.538', 'G03.059.538'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['D08.811.913.555.500.800'], ['D08.811.913.555.500.800.750'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['A11.872'], ['D12.125.142.815', 'D12.125.154.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Macrophage-adipocyte interaction: marked interleukin-6 production by lipopolysaccharide.
|
OBJECTIVE: Recent studies suggested macrophages were integrated in adipose tissues, interacting with adipocytes, thereby exacerbating inflammatory responses. Persistent low-grade infection by gram-negative bacteria appears to promote atherogenesis. We hypothesized a ligand for toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), would further exaggerate macrophage-adipocyte interaction.RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: RAW264.7 macrophage cell line and differentiated 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were co-cultured using transwell system. As a control, each cell was cultured independently. After incubation of the cells with or without Escherichia coli LPS, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-6 production was evaluated.RESULTS: Co-culture of macrophages and adipocytes with low concentration of Escherichia coli LPS (1 ng/mL) markedly up-regulated IL-6 production (nearly 100-fold higher than that of adipocyte culture alone, p < 0.01), whereas TNF-alpha production was not significantly influenced. This increase was partially inhibited by anti-TNF-alpha neutralizing antibody. Recombinant TNF-alpha and LPS synergistically up-regulated IL-6 production in adipocytes. However, this increase did not reach the level of production observed in co-cultures stimulated with LPS.DISCUSSION: A ligand for TLR-4 stimulates macrophages to produce TNF-alpha. TNF-alpha, thus produced, cooperatively up-regulates IL-6 production with other soluble factors secreted either from adipocytes or macrophages in these cells. Markedly up-regulated IL-6 would greatly influence the pathophysiology of diabetes and its vascular complications.
|
['3T3-L1 Cells', 'Adipocytes', 'Animals', 'Cell Communication', 'Cell Line', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Coculture Techniques', 'Drug Synergism', 'Interleukin-6', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Macrophages', 'Mice', 'Toll-Like Receptor 4', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 18,070,744
|
[['A11.251.210.100.775.800', 'A11.329.228.100.775.800'], ['A11.329.114'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.085'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.251'], ['E05.481.500.374'], ['G07.690.773.968.477'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.910.500.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hierarchical effector protein transport by the Salmonella Typhimurium SPI-1 type III secretion system.
|
BACKGROUND: Type III secretion systems (TTSS) are employed by numerous pathogenic and symbiotic bacteria to inject a cocktail of different "effector proteins" into host cells. These effectors subvert host cell signaling to establish symbiosis or disease.METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We have studied the injection of SipA and SptP, two effector proteins of the invasion-associated Salmonella type III secretion system (TTSS-1). SipA and SptP trigger different host cell responses. SipA contributes to triggering actin rearrangements and invasion while SptP reverses the actin rearrangements after the invasion has been completed. Nevertheless, SipA and SptP were both pre-formed and stored in the bacterial cytosol before host cell encounter. By time lapse microscopy, we observed that SipA was injected earlier than SptP. Computer modeling revealed that two assumptions were sufficient to explain this injection hierarchy: a large number of SipA and SptP molecules compete for transport via a limiting number of TTSS; and the TTSS recognize SipA more efficiently than SptP.CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This novel mechanism of hierarchical effector protein injection may serve to avoid functional interference between SipA and SptP. An injection hierarchy of this type may be of general importance, allowing bacteria to precisely time the host cell manipulation by type III effectors.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Computer Simulation', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Protein Transport', 'Salmonella typhimurium']
| 18,478,101
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['L01.224.160'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['G03.143.700'], ['B03.440.450.425.800.200.825', 'B03.660.250.150.710.160.760']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Adding conversational interviews to a patient simulator.
|
In order to model motivational interviewing in a simulated case of alcohol abuse, a system of creating conversations was added to a computerized patient simulator.
|
['Alcoholism', 'Communication', 'Counseling', 'Humans', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Kentucky', 'Medical History Taking', 'Motivation', 'Patients', 'Therapy, Computer-Assisted']
| 18,998,816
|
[['C25.775.100.250', 'F03.900.100.350'], ['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['F02.784.176', 'F04.408.413', 'N02.421.143.303', 'N02.421.461.363'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.400', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.400'], ['E01.370.510'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['M01.643'], ['E02.950', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Thyroid activity of spontaneous hypertensive rats.
|
Thyroid activity of both male and female spontaneous hypertensive (SH) rats was studied by measurements of uptake and rate of release of 131-I, urinary excretion of 131-I, and thyroxine secretion rate (TSR). In addition, thyroid glands were removed at death and weighed. Radioactivity of the thyroid gland of male rats measured at intervals after administration of 131-I revealed a significantly reduced maximal uptake at 21.5 hr after injection and a reduced rate of release. The mean biological half-life of 131-I for the control group was 37.8 plus or minus 3.1 (SE) hr compared to 54.8 plus or minus 7.2 hr for hypertensives (P less than 0.05). Similar results were observed for females in that biological half-life of 131-I was 32.2 plus or minus 1.2 hr compared with 84.1 plus or minus 4.1 hr for hypertensives (P less than 0.01). Urinary excretion of 131-I by hypertensive rats at 24, 48, and 72hr after injection of 131-I did not differ from control in either experiment. Thyroid weight at autopsy was increased significantly above that of normotensive controls. TSR was measured indirectly in a third group of male spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive rats. TSR of control rats was estimated to be 0.97 mug T4/100 g body wt/day and 1.35 mug T4/100 g body wt/day for SH RATS. The results are consistent with the suggestion that the method for measurement of TSR in hypertensive rats gives an artifactually high value because TSH secretion is elevated.
|
['Animals', 'Body Weight', 'Chick Embryo', 'Female', 'Hypertension', 'Injections, Intraperitoneal', 'Iodine', 'Iodine Radioisotopes', 'Male', 'Methimazole', 'Organ Size', 'Rats', 'Thyroid Gland', 'Thyroxine', 'Time Factors']
| 1,144,416
|
[['B01.050'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['C14.907.489'], ['E02.319.267.530.490'], ['D01.268.380.400'], ['D01.268.380.400.500.496', 'D01.496.448.496', 'D01.496.749.474'], ['D02.886.489.600', 'D03.383.129.308.535'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['A06.300.900'], ['D06.472.931.812', 'D12.125.072.050.767'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The role of fibular osteotomy in rotational osteotomy of the distal tibia.
|
A randomized prospective study was undertaken to assess the role of fibular osteotomy in distal tibial derotational osteotomies. Thirty-five patients were randomized to "intact fibula" and "osteotomized fibula" groups. There were no statistically significant differences in the amount of intraoperative derotation, time to weight bear, time to healing, and the amount of correction retained at follow-up between the two groups. Complications in the intact fibula group included one delayed union and one recurrence. In the osteotomized fibula group, there were two cases of loss of fixation, two pin-tract infections, one delayed union of tibia, one pressure sore in the cast, one distal tibial physeal arrest, and one recurrence. Although the difference in the complication rate between the two groups did not reach statistical significance, our results suggest that in distal tibial derotational osteotomies, fixed with cross pins, it might be advantageous to leave the fibula intact.
|
['Adolescent', 'Bone Diseases, Developmental', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Fibula', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Osteotomy', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Postoperative Period', 'Prospective Studies', 'Tibia', 'Weight-Bearing', 'Wound Healing']
| 7,962,503
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['C05.116.099'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.321'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E04.555.580'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E04.614.750', 'N02.421.585.753.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.883'], ['G01.374.965'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The collection of general practice data for psychiatric service contracts.
|
A three-month prospective collection of primary care data from general surgery attendances in an inner London Health District was carried out to inform the setting of contracts for psychiatric services. This involved 21 general practitioners (GPs) selected from a total of 102 in the District. Information was collected on mental health disorders detected by GPs among the attenders, the resultant volume of care provided by the GPs, the referrals made to secondary care and other agencies, and the types of care identified by the practitioners as appropriate for a patient but which are currently not accessible or available. We found that 45.9 per cent of all patients (17,319/37,733) registered with the 21 GPs were seen in three months. There was an overrepresentation of White and Black Caribbean patients and an under-representation of Bangladeshi, Chinese, Black African and Black Other patients in the study population. Mental health disorders were detected in 13.3 per cent (2304) of all attenders. The commonest problems were depression (17.7 per cent), acute stress reaction (15.5 per cent), anxiety (15.1 per cent), drug abuse (7.2 per cent), schizophrenia (5.8 per cent) and alcohol abuse (5.3 per cent). It was found that 37.3 per cent (860) of all attenders received medication, 66.5 per cent (1532) were counselled by the GPs and only 4.4 per cent (102) were referred to a psychiatrist; 16.3 per cent (375) of those with mental health disorders were identified by the GPs as having a service need which the District's psychiatric service could not meet.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Contract Services', 'Data Collection', 'Family Practice', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'London', 'Male', 'Mental Disorders', 'Mental Health Services', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Referral and Consultation']
| 8,037,958
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['N03.219.463.100'], ['E05.318.308', 'L01.399.250', 'N05.715.360.300', 'N06.850.520.308'], ['H02.403.340.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['Z01.433.553', 'Z01.542.363.300.553'], ['F03'], ['F04.408', 'N02.421.461'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['N04.452.758.849']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Lipid--lipoprotein composition in hypercholesterolemic children and their parents.
|
In 13 hypercholesterolemic children, re-screened for serum cholesterol after a 1-year interval, hypercholesterolemia was confirmed in only 61.5% of the cases. A tentative explanation seems to be the statistical principle of regression towards the mean. The lipid--lipoprotein analysis showed that serum and LDL cholesterol concentrations in the 13 hypercholesterolemic children and their parents were significantly higher compared to controls (children and parents). At re-screening, hyper-LDL cholesterolemia was present in only 8 of the 13 children (61.5%); 4 cases exhibited hyper-HDL cholesterolemia (30.7%). The high prevalence of the parents repeating the lipoprotein abnormality and the electrophoretic pattern found in the propositi (children) confirms the familial aggregation of the hypercholesterolemic states (hyper-LDL and hyper-HDL cholesterolemia). In conclusion the results of our study stress the importance of determining the lipid--lipoprotein composition, rather then merely evaluating total serum cholesterol in order to make a correct diagnosis of the hypercholesterolemic state. It should also be emphasized that the lipoprotein disturbances and their familial aggregation may be detected early in childhood, suggesting that the familial screening for risk factors of atherosclerosis should be done at pediatric age.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Child', 'Cholesterol', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypercholesterolemia', 'Lipoproteins', 'Lipoproteins, HDL', 'Lipoproteins, LDL', 'Lipoproteins, VLDL', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Phenotype', 'Triglycerides']
| 222,302
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Theory for the feedback inhibition of fast release of neurotransmitter.
|
Autoinhibition of neurotransmitter release occurs via binding of transmitter to appropriate receptors. Experiments have provided evidence suggesting that the control of neurotransmitter release in fast systems is mediated by these inhibitory autoreceptors. Earlier, the authors formulated and analysed a mathematical model for a theory of release control in which these autoreceptors played a key role. The key experimental findings on which the release-control theory is based are: (i) the inhibitory autoreceptor has high affinity for transmitter under rest potential and shifts to low affinity upon depolarization; (ii) the bound (with transmitter) autoreceptor associates with exocytotic machinery Ex and thereby blocks it, preventing release of neurotransmitter. Release commences when depolarization shifts the autoreceptor to a low-affinity state and thereby frees Ex from its association with the autoreceptors. Here we extend the model that describes control of release so that it also accounts for release autoinhibition. We propose that inhibition is achieved because addition of transmitter, above its rest level, causes transition of the complex of autoreceptor and Ex to a state of stronger association. Relief of Ex from this state requires higher depolarization than from the weakly associated complex. In contrast to the weakly associated complex that only requires binding of transmitter to the autoreceptor to be formed, the transition to the strongly associated complex is induced by a second messenger, which is produced as a result of the receptor binding to transmitter. The theory explains the following experimental results (among others): for inhibition via transmitter or its agonists, the magnitude of inhibition decreases with depolarization; a plot of inhibition as a function of the concentration of muscarine (an acetylcholine agonist) yields an S-shaped curve that shifts to the right for higher depolarizations; the time course of release does not change when transmitter is added; the time course of release also does not change when transmitter antagonists are added, although quantal content increases; however, addition of acetylcholine esterase (an enzyme that hydrolyses acetylcholine) prolongs release.
|
['Acetylcholine', 'Acetylcholinesterase', 'Animals', 'Autoreceptors', 'Binding Sites', 'Computer Simulation', 'Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists', 'Feedback', 'Glutamic Acid', 'Humans', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Models, Biological', 'Muscarine', 'Muscarinic Antagonists', 'N-Methylaspartate', 'Neurotransmitter Agents', 'Second Messenger Systems']
| 10,938,630
|
[['D02.092.211.111'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.170.176'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.543.750.035', 'D12.776.543.750.720.670.100'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['L01.224.160'], ['D27.505.519.625.190.200', 'D27.505.696.577.190.200'], ['L01.906.394.211'], ['D12.125.067.625.349', 'D12.125.119.409.349', 'D12.125.427.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D02.092.877.883.777', 'D02.675.276.580', 'D03.132.545'], ['D27.505.519.625.120.200.500', 'D27.505.696.577.120.200.500'], ['D12.125.067.500.400', 'D12.125.119.170.400'], ['D27.505.519.625', 'D27.505.696.577'], ['G02.111.820.800', 'G04.835.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Swelling-activated efflux of taurine and other organic osmolytes in endothelial cells.
|
We used a combined biochemical, pharmacological, and electrophysiological approach to study the effects of hyposmotic swelling on organic osmolyte efflux in endothelial cells (EC). In [3H]taurine-loaded monolayers of calf pulmonary artery EC (CPAEC), hyposmolality activated time- and dose-dependent effluxes of [3H]taurine. Swelling-activated [3H]taurine efflux (Jtau swell)in CPAEC was inhibited by the anion channel blockers tamoxifen, 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid (NPPB), 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS), fenamates, and also quinine (in a pH-dependent manner), ATP, and the phospholipase A2 inhibitor 4-bromophenacyl bromide. In contrast, Jtau swell was partly or totally insensitive to bumetanide, forskolin, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, and staurosporine. Swelling also activated myo-[3H]inositol efflux that was blocked by tamoxifen, NPPB, DIDS, and niflumic acid. Moreover, the cellular content of taurine and other amino acids was significantly reduced in osmotically activated CPAEC. Finally, in whole cell patch-clamp experiments, taurine, glycine, aspartate, and glutamate exhibited significant permeability for swelling-activated anion channels. In conclusion, hyposmotic swelling activates efflux of taurine and other organic osmolytes in EC. In addition, our results suggest that anion channels may provide a pathway for swelling-activated efflux of organic osmolytes in EC.
|
["4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid", 'Acetophenones', 'Amino Acids', 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Hypotonic Solutions', 'Ion Channels', 'Kinetics', 'Niflumic Acid', 'Nitrobenzoates', 'Phospholipases A', 'Phospholipases A2', 'Pulmonary Artery', 'Quinine', 'Tamoxifen', 'Taurine', 'ortho-Aminobenzoates']
| 9,252,459
|
[['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700.200', 'D02.500.375.125', 'D02.886.250.125'], ['D02.522.120'], ['D12.125'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A11.251'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['D26.776.399'], ['D12.776.157.530.400', 'D12.776.543.550.450', 'D12.776.543.585.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D02.241.223.100.050.400.200.777', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.020.906.750.777', 'D03.066.515.550', 'D03.383.725.547.550'], ['D02.241.223.100.600', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.650'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.680.750'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.680.750.937'], ['A07.015.114.715'], ['D03.132.206.719', 'D03.605.687.762', 'D03.633.100.810.762'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700.900'], ['D02.455.326.146.100.850', 'D02.886.645.600.055.850'], ['D02.241.223.100.050.400', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.020.906']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Imaging of Kingella kingae musculoskeletal infections in children: a series of 5 cases.
|
PURPOSE: Kingella kingae musculoskeletal infections continue to be under-diagnosed and there remains a paucity of literature on its imaging features. The purpose of this manuscript is to review the imaging, clinical, and laboratory findings of microbiology-proven K. kingae infections.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of musculoskeletal infections between January 1, 2013 and Dec 31, 2016 yielded 134 patients from whom 5 patients had confirmed K. kingae infections (3 boys and 2 girls, mean age of 16 months, range 9-38 months). Picture archiving and communication system and electronic medical records were reviewed.RESULTS: At presentation, none of the patients had a fever and not all patients had abnormal inflammatory markers. Three patients had septic arthritis (2 knee and 1 sternomanubrial joints), one had epiphyseal osteomyelitis, and one had lumbar spondylodiscitis. The case of epiphyseal osteomyelitis of the distal humerus also had elbow joint involvement. A combination of radiography (n = 4), ultrasound (n = 2), and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (n = 5) were performed. Prominent synovial thickening was observed for both knee and elbow joints and extensive regional myositis for all except for the patient with sternomanubrial joint infection. The diagnosis of K. kingae infection resulted in a change in the antibiotic regimen in 80% of the patients.CONCLUSION: Disproportionate synovial thickening, prominent peri-articular myositis, and/or characteristic sites of involvement demonstrating imaging features of infection or inflammation in a young child with mild infectious symptoms and elevated inflammatory markers should invoke the possibility of an underlying K. kingae infection.
|
['Arthritis, Infectious', 'Child, Preschool', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Discitis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Kingella kingae', 'Male', 'Myositis', 'Neisseriaceae Infections', 'Osteomyelitis', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 29,909,593
|
[['C01.100', 'C05.550.114.099'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E01.171'], ['C01.160.762.301', 'C05.116.165.762.301', 'C05.116.900.853.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['B03.440.400.425.550.400.375', 'B03.660.075.525.410.410'], ['C05.651.594', 'C10.668.491.562'], ['C01.150.252.400.625'], ['C01.160.495', 'C05.116.165.495'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cell growth suppression by thanatos-associated protein 11(THAP11) is mediated by transcriptional downregulation of c-Myc.
|
Thanatos-associated proteins (THAPs) are zinc-dependent, sequence-specific DNA-binding factors involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, chromatin modification and transcriptional regulation. THAP11 is the most recently described member of this human protein family. In this study, we show that THAP11 is ubiquitously expressed in normal tissues and frequently downregulated in several human tumor tissues. Overexpression of THAP11 markedly inhibits growth of a number of different cells, including cancer cells and non-transformed cells. Silencing of THAP11 by RNA interference in HepG2 cells results in loss of cell growth repression. These results suggest that human THAP11 may be an endogenous physiologic regulator of cell proliferation. We also provide evidence that the function of THAP11 is mediated by its ability to repress transcription of c-Myc. Promoter reporter assays indicate a DNA binding-dependent c-Myc transcriptional repression. Chromatin immunoprecipitations and EMSA assay suggest that THAP11 directly binds to the c-Myc promoter. The findings that expression of c-Myc rescues significantly cells from THAP11-mediated cell growth suppression and that THAP11 expression only slightly inhibits c-Myc null fibroblasts cells growth reveal that THAP11 inhibits cell growth through downregulation of c-Myc expression. Taken together, these suggest that THAP11 functions as a cell growth suppressor by negatively regulating the expression of c-Myc.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Proliferation', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Down-Regulation', 'Fibroblasts', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc', 'RNA Interference', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 19,008,924
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['A11.329.228'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['D12.776.631'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D12.776.260.103.813', 'D12.776.624.664.700.189', 'D12.776.660.765', 'D12.776.930.125.813'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Chronic respiratory illnesses in Jordan: pulmonary physicians' experiences in risk reduction.
|
Chronic respiratory diseases are on the rise in Jordan. However, there is limited research on the symptoms reported by patients, the triggers associated with their illnesses, and the health education efforts of pulmonary physicians. Thus, the purpose of this qualitative study was to understand these issues from physicians' perspectives. Fourteen face-to-face interviews were done with pulmonary physicians in their clinics in Amman, Jordan. Physicians indicated that cultural barriers existed such as the social acceptance of smoking, prevalence of olive trees, and cultural practices such as kissing as a form of greeting. In addition, health education materials were scarce and of poor quality. Implications for health education are discussed.
|
['Adult', 'Asthma', 'Chest Pain', 'Dyspnea', 'Health Promotion', 'Humans', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Jordan', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Needs Assessment', 'Patient Education as Topic', 'Physicians', 'Prevalence', 'Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive', 'Smoking', 'Tuberculosis, Pulmonary']
| 20,570,802
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['C23.888.592.612.233'], ['C08.618.326', 'C23.888.852.371'], ['I02.233.332.445', 'N02.421.726.407.579'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['Z01.252.245.500.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I02.594', 'N03.349.380.565', 'N05.300.537'], ['I02.233.332.500', 'N02.421.726.407.680'], ['M01.526.485.810', 'N02.360.810'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['C08.381.495.389'], ['F01.145.805'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.899', 'C01.748.939', 'C08.381.922', 'C08.730.939']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The effect of social support and physical touch on cardiovascular reactions to mental stress.
|
To examine the effects of social support on cardiovascular reactions to behavioral stress, the present study tested the relative contribution of three elements of social support: the presence of another person in the laboratory; the presence of a person considered to be a friend; and physical touch. Sixty undergraduate females were assigned to one of the following groups: alone (A); friend present-touch (FT); friend present-no touch (FNT); stranger present-touch (ST); and stranger present-no touch (SNT). Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) measures were obtained across baseline phases and during presentation of two behavioral challenges (mental arithmetic, mirror-tracing). The findings suggest that neither the presence of a stranger nor physical touch are related to attenuated cardiovascular reactions to stress; rather, if the extent of cardiovascular reactivity is related to social support, the presence of a friend may be the important mediating variable.
|
['Adult', 'Arousal', 'Blood Pressure', 'Female', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Problem Solving', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Self Concept', 'Social Environment', 'Social Support', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Touch']
| 1,593,512
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F02.830.104', 'G11.561.035'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401'], ['F02.463.425.725', 'F02.463.785.810'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['F01.752.747.792'], ['I01.880.853.500'], ['I01.880.853.500.600'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['F02.830.816.850', 'G11.561.790.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Growth differentiation factor 11 locally controls anterior-posterior patterning of the axial skeleton.
|
Growth and differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) is a transforming growth factor â family member that has been identified as the central player of anterior-posterior (A-P) axial skeletal patterning. Mice homozygous for Gdf11 deletion exhibit severe anterior homeotic transformations of the vertebrae and craniofacial defects. During early embryogenesis, Gdf11 is expressed predominantly in the primitive streak and tail bud regions, where new mesodermal cells arise. On the basis of this expression pattern of Gdf11 and the phenotype of Gdf11 mutant mice, it has been suggested that GDF11 acts to specify positional identity along the A-P axis either by local changes in levels of signaling as development proceeds or by acting as a morphogen. To further investigate the mechanism of action of GDF11 in the vertebral specification, we used a Cdx2-Cre transgene to generate mosaic mice in which Gdf11 expression is removed in posterior regions including the tail bud, but not in anterior regions. The skeletal analysis revealed that these mosaic mice display patterning defects limited to posterior regions where Gdf11 expression is deficient, whereas displaying normal skeletal phenotype in anterior regions where Gdf11 is normally expressed. Specifically, the mosaic mice exhibited seven true ribs, a pattern observed in wild-type (wt) mice (vs. 10 true ribs in Gdf11-/- mice), in the anterior axis and nine lumbar vertebrae, a pattern observed in Gdf11 null mice (vs. six lumbar vertebrae in wt mice), in the posterior axis. Our findings suggest that GDF11, rather than globally acting as a morphogen secreted from the tail bud, locally regulates axial vertebral patterning.
|
['Animals', 'Body Patterning', 'Bone Morphogenetic Proteins', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Growth Differentiation Factors', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Mosaicism', 'Osteogenesis', 'Signal Transduction', 'Spine']
| 31,183,862
|
[['B01.050'], ['G07.345.500.100'], ['D12.644.276.954.200', 'D12.776.467.942.200', 'D23.529.942.200'], ['G05.308.310'], ['D12.644.276.954.300', 'D12.776.467.942.300', 'D23.529.942.300'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['G05.365.590.175.595'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.050.500.729', 'G11.427.578.050.500.729'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A02.835.232.834']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The complete nucleotide sequence of the domestic dog (Canis familiaris) mitochondrial genome.
|
The complete nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial genome of the domestic dog, Canis familiaris, was determined. The length of the sequence was 16,728 bp; however, the length was not absolute due to the variation (heteroplasmy) caused by differing numbers of the repetitive motif, 5'-GTACACGT(A/G)C-3', in the control region. The genome organization, gene contents, and codon usage conformed to those of other mammalian mitochondrial genomes. Although its features were unknown, the "CTAGA" duplication event which followed the translational stop codon of the COII gene was not observed in other mammalian mitochondrial genomes. In order to determine the possible differences between mtDNAs in carnivores, two rRNA and 13 protein-coding genes from the cat, dog, and seal were compared. The combined molecular differences, in two rRNA genes as well as in the inferred amino acid sequences of the mitochondrial 13 protein-coding genes, suggested that there is a closer relationship between the dog and the seal than there is between either of these species and the cat. Based on the molecular differences of the mtDNA, the evolutionary divergence between the cat, the dog, and the seal was dated to approximately 50 +/- 4 million years ago. The degree of difference between carnivore mtDNAs varied according to the individual protein-coding gene applied, showing that the evolutionary relationships of distantly related species should be presented in an extended study based on ample sequence data like complete mtDNA molecules.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cats', 'DNA, Mitochondrial', 'Dogs', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Genome', 'Phylogeny', 'RNA, Ribosomal', 'RNA, Transfer', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid', 'Untranslated Regions']
| 9,878,232
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['D13.444.308.283.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['G05.360.340'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['D13.444.735.686'], ['D13.444.735.757'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550'], ['D13.444.735.544.875', 'D13.444.735.790.878', 'G05.360.340.024.220.880', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.910']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Influence of filtration on concentrations of 62 elements analysed on crystalline bedrock groundwater samples by ICP-MS.
|
Analyses of unfiltered and filtered (< 0.45 micron and < 0.10 micron) groundwater samples from 15 selected wells in crystalline bedrock aquifers of the Oslo area, Norway, have been studied for 62 chemical elements. While concentrations of almost all elements vary over several orders of magnitude between the individual wells, the discrepancy between filtered and unfiltered samples from the same well are rather small, not exceeding one order of magnitude. Many elements show no influence of filtration at all, while one element (Sn) suggests that filtration may actually introduce contamination to the samples. Correlation between unfiltered and filtered samples is high for most elements. The study shows that: (1) even unfiltered samples will satisfactorily reflect general water chemistry as long as drinking water (i.e. by definition rather 'clean' water, with low particulates) is collected; (2) filtered samples do not necessarily reflect 'true' solution chemistry (an elusive concept); and (3) the differences between samples filtered at < 0.45 micron and < 0.10 micron are so minimal for most elements, that the additional effort invested in ultra-filtration may not be justified for bedrock groundwater samples.
|
['Filtration', 'Humans', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Norway', 'Particle Size', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical', 'Water Purification', 'Water Supply']
| 10,507,155
|
[['E05.196.454', 'G01.280', 'G02.263'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.196.566'], ['Z01.542.816.374'], ['G02.712'], ['D27.888.284.903.655'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.900.900', 'N06.850.860.510.900.900'], ['J01.293.821.500']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
A novel, conserved gene of the rat that is developmentally regulated in the testis.
|
From a rat testis library three overlapping cDNA clones were isolated that represent a novel single-copy gene, designated Tegt. Two transcripts of 2.8 and 1.0 kb were found in each organ tested. The shorter transcript was highly abundant in adult testis. A similar expression pattern was found in the mouse. Analysis of rat RNA from different stages of spermatogenesis indicated that accumulation of the short transcript occurred mainly postmeiotically. The rat Tegt gene maps to Chromosome (Chr) 7, and its mouse homolog to Chr 15.
|
['Aging', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins', 'Base Sequence', 'Blotting, Southern', 'Cattle', 'Chickens', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Conserved Sequence', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Gene Library', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Organ Specificity', 'Proteins', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Restriction Mapping', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid', 'Species Specificity', 'Testis', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Trout', 'Xenopus laevis']
| 8,012,111
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.644.360.075', 'D12.776.476.075'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.196.401.114', 'E05.301.300.087', 'E05.601.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['E05.393.183'], ['G02.111.570.580'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.360.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.543'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G07.650'], ['D12.776'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['E05.393.183.620.650', 'E05.393.712'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550'], ['G16.824'], ['A05.360.444.849', 'A05.360.576.782', 'A06.300.312.782'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.817.750.825'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.610.500.562']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hemodialysis using a valveless pulsatile blood pump.
|
Research on pulsatile blood pumps for extracorporeal life support has been widely performed because of the proven advantageous effects of blood pulsation. However, studies on the use of pulsatile blood pumps for hemodialysis are limited, although available evidence demonstrates that pulsatile blood flow has a positive influence on dialysis outcome. Therefore, the authors designed a new pulsatile pump, which is characterized by minimal-occlusion of blood-containing tubing, no requirement for valves, and no blood flow regurgitation. In-vitro hemolysis tests were conducted using fresh bovine blood, and the normalized index of hemolysis was adopted to compare blood traumas induced by the devised pulsatile pump and a conventional roller pump. In addition, experimental hemodialyses with a canine renal failure model were performed using the devised pump. Normalized index of hemolysis levels obtained was much smaller for the devised pulse pump (45 +/- 21 mg/100 L) than for the roller pump (103 +/- 10 mg/100 L), and no technical problems were encountered during dialysis sessions. Blood and dialysate flow rates were maintained at predetermined values and molecular removal was satisfactory. Postdialysis urea and creatinine reduction ratios were 61.8% +/- 10.6% and 57.4% +/- 9.0%, respectively. Pulsatile flow has usually been generated using pulsatile devices containing valves, but the valves cause concern in terms of the clinical applications of these devices. However, the described pulsatile pump does not require valves, and yet no blood flow regurgitation was observed.
|
['Animals', 'Assisted Circulation', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Cattle', 'Dogs', 'Equipment Design', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Pulsatile Flow', 'Renal Dialysis']
| 18,356,654
|
[['B01.050'], ['E04.050'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['E05.320'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['G01.482.620', 'G09.330.380.630.555'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Nonsurgical treatment of Brodie bite assisted by 3-dimensional planning and assessment.
|
This case report describes the nonsurgical treatment of an adolescent patient with a severe transverse discrepancy presented as a Brodie bite and retrognathic mandible. Distraction osteogenesis has been often used for similar cases in the literature. However, in this patient, a fixed appliance with 1 maxillary extraction combined with a functional appliance was used to resolve the transverse discrepancy with natural growth. After the orthodontic treatment, the impinging teeth and Brodie bite were corrected with a favorable occlusion and profile. Retention at the 3-year follow-up showed improved occlusal interdigitation and good stability.
|
['Cephalometry', 'Child', 'Cone-Beam Computed Tomography', 'Dental Models', 'Humans', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Male', 'Malocclusion, Angle Class II', 'Orthodontic Appliances, Functional', 'Radiography, Panoramic', 'Retrognathia', 'Tooth Extraction', 'Tooth, Supernumerary']
| 30,173,846
|
[['E01.370.600.024.250', 'E05.041.250', 'N06.850.505.200.100.300'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E01.370.350.700.810.810.490', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.399'], ['E06.261', 'J01.897.280.500.545.129.200', 'L01.178.820.090.545.129.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['C07.793.494.630'], ['E06.658.453.560'], ['E01.370.350.700.720.750', 'E06.342.764.750'], ['C05.500.460.827', 'C05.660.207.540.460.827', 'C07.320.440.827', 'C07.320.610.827', 'C07.650.500.460.827', 'C16.131.621.207.540.460.827', 'C16.131.850.500.460.827'], ['E04.545.700', 'E06.645.700'], ['C07.650.800.850', 'C07.793.700.850', 'C16.131.850.800.850']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Application of CiteSpace software in the visualization analysis of work-related musculoskeletal disorders].
|
Objective: To investigate the visual application of the CiteSpace software in the field of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) . Methods: The literature on WMSDs research, published from 1991 to 2017, was retrieved in Web of Science database. The CiteSpace 5.2 was used to make visualization analysis on the hotspots and tendency of the keywords, authors, countries (regions) and research institutes in relevant literature. Results: A total of 3224 literatures were included in the analysis. The amount of the literatures published was increasing annually. The key word co-occurrence network showed that the research hotspots mainly focused on the study of epidemiology, risk factors, symptoms, and other aspects of WMSDs. The cooperation network and time network of counties and regions showed that America and Europe were at the leading position in the field of WMSD, and the top three were America, Canada and Sweden. The developing countries, like Brazil and China, had also begun to make relative research since 2000. In research cooperation, the collaboration among countries, research institutions was relatively close, and multiple leading core authors and teams were formed in the international arena. Conclusion: The CiteSpace software can directly demonstrate the hotspots and tendency in the area of WMSDs.
|
['Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted', 'Humans', 'Musculoskeletal Diseases', 'Occupational Diseases', 'Software']
| 31,726,509
|
[['E01.158', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05'], ['C24'], ['L01.224.900']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The use of smartphones in radiographic diagnosis: accuracy on the detection of marginal gaps.
|
OBJECTIVE: To compare the accuracy of computer monitor and smartphone screen for radiographic diagnosis of marginal gap.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty teeth with mesial-occlusal-distal inlays (each tooth with a perfect fit and a 0.4-mm marginal gap restoration) were imaged with a phosphor plate system. Original digital radiographs were exported and analyzed with two different methods: computer monitor and smartphone screen; for the last method, images were shared with WhatsApp. Three examiners assessed all radiographs (n = 160) for the presence of marginal gap by using a dichotomous scale (yes/no). Diagnostic performance of each examiner and viewing method was evaluated by means of sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), and overall accuracy (Ac). Difference between the frequencies of gap detection of each method was analyzed using the McNemar test. Intra- and inter-examiner agreements were calculated using kappa statistics.RESULTS: Intra- and inter-examiner agreements were ? 0.80 for both methods. Similar diagnostic performance was found for computer monitor (Se = 0.87-1; Sp = 0.8-0.97; Ac = 0.84-0.99) and smartphone (Se = 0.77-1; Sp = 0.87-1; Ac = 0.88-0.95) viewing methods. No statistically significant differences in the frequency of gap detection were observed between the methods (P > 0.05).CONCLUSION: Diagnostic accuracy of smartphone screens was similar to that of computer monitor for marginal gap detection.CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Smartphones are becoming a common daily tool. In this sense, it might be an important new aid in Dentistry, including radiographic evaluation, which could benefit patients and dentists.
|
['Humans', 'Inlays', 'Radiography, Dental', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Smartphone', 'Tooth']
| 30,783,793
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E06.323.428.275', 'E06.780.346.737.500', 'E07.695.190.190.350'], ['E01.370.350.700.720', 'E06.342.764'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['L01.178.847.698.300.250', 'L01.224.230.260.550.500.750'], ['A14.549.167.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Changes in the electrical activity of the medial septal region, piriform cortex and amygdala during epileptogenesis in the model of temporal lobe epilepsy].
|
Local field potentials (EEGs) in the medial septal area, amygdala and piriform cortex were recorded in waking guinea pigs in the control and during epileptogenesis in the model of chronic temporal lobe epilepsy (lithium-pilocarpin model of status epilepticus). Analysis of changes in rhythmical activity and interstructural relations was carried out at different stages of epileptogenesis. Increased frequency of rhythmic activity in delta, theta, and alphabands was observed during epileptogenesis. Correlation relations between the activities of the medical septum with the piriform cortex and amygdala clearly decreased to 5 months after development of status epilepticus. Changes in the frequency of oscillations and structural correlations developed in time from two months on and reached a maximum 5 months after the status epilepticus development. It point to intensification of the pathological changes during formation of the epileptic focus. A possible role of the observed EEG changes in the formation of a pathological centre is discussed.
|
['Amygdala', 'Animals', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Electroencephalography', 'Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe', 'Female', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Lithium Chloride', 'Male', 'Pilocarpine', 'Septum of Brain', 'Status Epilepticus']
| 21,675,228
|
[['A08.186.211.180.090', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.152'], ['B01.050'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['C10.228.140.490.360.290', 'C10.228.140.490.493.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['D01.210.450.150.450', 'D01.510.500'], ['D03.132.672'], ['A08.186.211.180.750', 'A08.186.211.200.885.750'], ['C10.597.742.785', 'C23.888.592.742.785']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Separate MRI quantification of dispersed (ferritin-like) and aggregated (hemosiderin-like) storage iron.
|
A new MRI method is proposed for separately quantifying the two principal forms of tissue storage (nonheme) iron: ferritin iron, a dispersed, soluble fraction that can be rapidly mobilized, and hemosiderin iron, an aggregated, insoluble fraction that serves as a long-term reserve. The method utilizes multiple spin echo sequences, exploiting the fact that aggregated iron can induce nonmonoexponential signal decay for multiple spin echo sequences. The method is validated in vitro for agarose phantoms, simulating dispersed iron with manganese chloride, and aggregated iron with iron oxide microspheres. To demonstrate feasibility for human studies, preliminary in vivo data from two healthy controls and six patients with transfusional iron overload are presented. For both phantoms and human subjects, conventional R(2) and R(2)* relaxation rates are also measured in order to contrast the proposed method with established MRI iron quantification techniques. Quantification of dispersed (ferritin-like) iron may provide a new means of monitoring the risk of iron-induced toxicity in patients with iron overload and, together with quantification of aggregated (hemosiderin-like) iron, improve the accuracy of estimates for total storage iron.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Biomarkers', 'Female', 'Ferritins', 'Hemosiderin', 'Humans', 'Image Enhancement', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Liver', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Tissue Distribution', 'Young Adult', 'beta-Thalassemia']
| 20,432,291
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D23.101'], ['D12.776.157.427.249', 'D12.776.556.579.249'], ['D12.776.556.526'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['A03.620'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949'], ['M01.060.116.815'], ['C15.378.071.141.150.875.150', 'C15.378.420.826.150', 'C16.320.070.875.150', 'C16.320.365.826.150']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Studies on fine structure and location of lipids in quick-freeze replicas of atherosclerotic aorta of WHHL rabbits.
|
The fine structure of intracellular and extracellular lipids in the atherosclerotic aorta of Watanabe-heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits was demonstrated by a quick-freeze etching technique. Many lipid droplets, with and without a membrane, were observed in the foam cells. Membrane-free droplets were observed as onion-like structure with a concentric lamellar structure surrounded by 10 nm filaments. Droplets surrounded by a limited membrane probably correspond to lipid-laden lysosomes. In the extracellular connective tissue space, marked accumulation of lipids with a vesicular structure was seen among collagen fibers. The appearance of these lipids was similar to that of lipids in lysosomes of foam cells.
|
['Animals', 'Aorta, Thoracic', 'Aortic Diseases', 'Arteriosclerosis', 'Extracellular Matrix', 'Extracellular Space', 'Foam Cells', 'Freeze Etching', 'Lipids', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Rabbits']
| 3,099,465
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056.372'], ['C14.907.109'], ['C14.907.137.126'], ['A11.284.295.310'], ['A10.082.500', 'A11.284.295'], ['A11.329.372.368', 'A11.627.482.368', 'A11.733.397.368', 'A15.382.670.522.368', 'A15.382.680.397.368'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.620.260.400', 'E01.370.225.750.600.620.260.400', 'E05.200.500.620.620.260.400', 'E05.200.750.600.620.260.400'], ['D10'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dietary influences in the preferences of pre-weanling Long-Evans rats for the anal excreta of adult males.
|
Male rats which ingest feces of lactating females produce anal excreta which is attractive to pups. This excreta is as attractive as that of lactating females and more attractive than the excreta of males eating a diet of lab chow only. Anal excreta of males which consume feces of lactating females is more attractive to pups than excreta of males that consume feces of nonlactating females. These results suggest that group or colony odors may develop from rats eating feces of other colony members and that infant rats may be more attracted to adults that have an odor which is similar to the maternal odor than adults which have different odors.
|
['Animals', 'Coprophagia', 'Diet', 'Feces', 'Female', 'Food Preferences', 'Humans', 'Lactation', 'Male', 'Odorants', 'Pregnancy', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains']
| 6,685,320
|
[['B01.050'], ['F01.145.113.547.500'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['A12.459'], ['F01.145.407.516', 'G07.203.650.353.516'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.523', 'G08.686.702.500'], ['G16.500.275.640', 'N06.230.480'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Sequence, organization, transcription and evolution of RNA polymerase subunit genes from the archaebacterial extreme halophiles Halobacterium halobium and Halococcus morrhuae.
|
The genes for the four largest subunits, A, B', B" and C, of the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase were cloned from the extreme halophile Halobacterium halobium and sequenced and their transcription was analyzed. The downstream half of this gene cluster from another extreme halophile Halococcus morrhuae was also cloned, sequenced and its transcription products characterized. The H. halobium genes were transcribed into a common transcript from an upstream promoter in the order B", B', A and C. They are flanked by, and co-transcribed with, two smaller genes coding for 75 and 139 amino acid residues, respectively. Immediately downstream from these genes were two open reading frames that are homologous to ribosomal proteins S12 and S7 from Escherichia coli. In both extreme halophiles these genes were transcribed from their own promoter, but in Hc. morrhuae there was also considerable read-through from the RNA polymerase genes. Sequence alignment studies showed that the combined B" + B' subunits are equivalent to the B subunits of the eukaryotic polymerases I and II and to the eubacterial beta subunit, while the combined A + C subunits correspond to the A subunits of eukaryotic RNA polymerases I, II and III and to the eubacterial beta' subunit. The sequence similarity to the eukaryotic subunits was always much higher than to the eubacterial subunits. Conserved sequence regions within the individual subunits were located which are likely to constitute functionally important domains; they include sites associated with rifampicin and alpha-amanitin binding and two possible zinc binding fingers. Phylogenetic analyses based on sequence alignments confirmed that the extreme halophiles belong to the archaebacterial kingdom.
|
['Archaea', 'Bacteria', 'Base Sequence', 'Biological Evolution', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Halobacterium', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Multigene Family', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 2,495,365
|
[['B02'], ['B03'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['E05.393.183'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.735.270'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['B02.200.400.400.410'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Effectiveness of a patient-centered psychosomatic consultation service. Report of a catamnestic study].
|
After a short review of the latest scientific publications on psychosomatic consultation activity the results of an empirical study of the consultant service in the Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine at the Frankfurt University Medical Center are presented. Patient documentations and data from a retrospective investigation were analysed in order to trace the effectivity of psychosomatic consultation activities. To document the various dimensions of the consultative process and their interdependence different groups of patients were derived by means of cluster analysis. The results are in many aspects encouraging for psychosomatic consultative practice, as they show that even few consultations can have an important influence on the patient's further development.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Psychophysiologic Disorders', 'Psychotherapy', 'Referral and Consultation']
| 2,717,697
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.888.592.700'], ['F04.754'], ['N04.452.758.849']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
In silico and in vitro methods to optimize the performance of experimental gastroretentive floating mini-tablets.
|
CONTEXT: Development of floating drug delivery systems (FDDS) is challenging. To facilitate this task, an evaluation method was proposed, which allows for a combined investigation of drug release and flotation.OBJECTIVE: It was the aim of the study to use functionalized calcium carbonate (FCC)-based lipophilic mini-tablet formulations as a model system to design FDDS with a floating behavior characterized by no floating lag time, prolonged flotation and loss of floating capability after complete drug release.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Release of the model drug caffeine from the mini-tablets was assessed in vitro by a custom-built stomach model. A cellular automata-based model was used to simulate tablet dissolution. Based on the in silico data, floating forces were calculated and analyzed as a function of caffeine release.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Two floating behaviors were identified for mini-tablets: linear decrease of the floating force and maintaining of the floating capability until complete caffeine release. An optimal mini-tablet formulation with desired drug release time and floating behavior was developed and tested.CONCLUSION: A classification system for a range of varied floating behavior of FDDS was proposed. The FCC-based mini-tablets had an ideal floating behavior: duration of flotation is defined and floating capability decreases after completion of drug release.
|
['Caffeine', 'Calcium Carbonate', 'Chemistry, Pharmaceutical', 'Computer Simulation', 'Delayed-Action Preparations', 'Drug Delivery Systems', 'Drug Liberation', 'Excipients', 'Gastric Mucosa', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Solubility', 'Tablets', 'Technology, Pharmaceutical']
| 26,307,090
|
[['D03.132.960.175', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.175'], ['D01.146.275', 'D01.200.275.150.150', 'D01.578.200'], ['H01.158.703.007', 'H01.181.466'], ['L01.224.160'], ['D26.255.210', 'E02.319.300.253'], ['E02.319.300'], ['G02.211', 'G03.787.321', 'G07.690.725.321'], ['D26.650.700.419', 'D27.720.744.770.419'], ['A03.556.875.875.440', 'A10.615.550.291'], ['E05.481'], ['G02.805'], ['D26.255.830'], ['E05.916', 'J01.897.836']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Primordial germ cells in the dorsal mesentery of the chicken embryo demonstrate left-right asymmetry and polarized distribution of the EMA1 epitope.
|
Despite the importance of the chicken as a model system, our understanding of the development of chicken primordial germ cells (PGCs) is far from complete. Here we characterized the morphology of PGCs at different developmental stages, their migration pattern in the dorsal mesentery of the chicken embryo, and the distribution of the EMA1 epitope on PGCs. The spatial distribution of PGCs during their migration was characterized by immunofluorescence on whole-mounted chicken embryos and on paraffin sections, using EMA1 and chicken vasa homolog antibodies. While in the germinal crescent PGCs were rounded and only 25% of them were labeled by EMA1, often seen as a concentrated cluster on the cell surface, following extravasation and migration in the dorsal mesentery PGCs acquired an elongated morphology, and 90% exhibited EMA1 epitope, which was concentrated at the tip of the pseudopodia, at the contact sites between neighboring PGCs. Examination of PGC migration in the dorsal mesentery of Hamburger and Hamilton stage 20-22 embryos demonstrated a left-right asymmetry, as migration of cells toward the genital ridges was usually restricted to the right, rather than the left, side of the mesentery. Moreover, an examination of another group of cells that migrate through the dorsal mesentery, the enteric neural crest cells, revealed a similar preference for the right side of the mesentery, suggesting that the migratory pathway of PGCs is dictated by the mesentery itself. Our findings provide new insights into the migration pathway of PGCs in the dorsal mesentery, and suggest a link between EMA1, PGC migration and cell-cell interactions. These findings may contribute to a better understanding of the mechanism underlying migration of PGCs in avians.
|
['Animals', 'Biomarkers', 'Cell Movement', 'Chick Embryo', 'Epitopes', 'Germ Cells', 'Mesentery']
| 24,697,411
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.101'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['D23.050.550'], ['A05.360.490', 'A11.497'], ['A01.923.047.025.600.451']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Impact of the standardized uptake value on the body trunk with truncation error of ì-map in the positron emission tomography/computed tomography: phantom studies].
|
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was evaluate to impact of standardized uptake value (SUV) on the body trunk with truncation error of ì-map for CT attenuation correction (CTAC) in whole-body 2-deoxy-2-[(18)F] fluoro-D-glucose ((18)F-FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET)/CT with use of anthropomorphic phantom.METHODS: We used body phantom (2.5 MBq/l) including simulated tumor targets (11.25 MBq/l) and arm phantom. The CT scan was used with a field of view (FOV) of 50 cm. The ì-maps were created by assuming a state of the arm protruding from the FOV (Pmap). A 3D-PET scan with an emission time of 20 min was performed. The PET images were then reconstructed with CTAC, and with and without scatter correction. We evaluated the relationship to Pmap size and the count of simulated tumors and background (B.G.) in PET images which reconstructed the use of each Pmap, respectively.RESULTS: The count of simulated tumor (large) with scatter correction was decreased to 1.3% (Pmap: 15 mm) and 8.8% (Pmap: 35 mm). Then, the count severe reduction was 86.9% in Pmap of 65 mm. The same trend was shown by simulated tumor (middle, small) and B.G. The count of the simulated tumor (large) without scatter correction decreased to 1.3% (Pmap: 15 mm), 6.4% (Pmap: 35 mm) and 13.1% (Pmap: 65 mm).CONCLUSION: Truncation error by ì-map for CTAC in whole-body (18)F-PET/CT caused a decrease of the SUV on the body trunk used for attenuation and scatter correction in the PET images.
|
['Humans', 'Multimodal Imaging', 'Neoplasms', 'Phantoms, Imaging', 'Positron-Emission Tomography', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 23,448,836
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.567'], ['C04'], ['E07.671'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Electrochemical biosensing of galactose based on carbon materials: graphene versus multi-walled carbon nanotubes.
|
In this study, two enzyme electrodes based on graphene (GR), Co3O4 nanoparticles and chitosan (CS) or multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), Co3O4 nanoparticles, and CS, were fabricated as novel biosensing platforms for galactose determination, and their performances were compared. Galactose oxidase (GaOx) was immobilized onto the electrode surfaces by crosslinking with glutaraldehyde. Optimum working conditions of the biosensors were investigated and the analytical performance of the biosensors was compared with respect to detection limit, linearity, repeatability, and stability. The MWCNTs-based galactose biosensor provided about 1.6-fold higher sensitivity than its graphene counterpart. Moreover, the linear working range and detection limit of the MWCNTs-based galactose biosensor was superior to the graphene-modified biosensor. The successful application of the purposed biosensors for galactose biosensing in human serum samples was also investigated.
|
['Biosensing Techniques', 'Electrochemical Techniques', 'Electrodes', 'Enzymes, Immobilized', 'Galactose', 'Glucose Oxidase', 'Graphite', 'Humans', 'Limit of Detection', 'Nanotubes, Carbon']
| 27,074,783
|
[['E05.601.043'], ['E05.301'], ['E07.305.250'], ['D08.811.180', 'D12.776.463.500'], ['D09.947.875.359.377'], ['D08.811.682.047.239'], ['D01.268.150.300', 'D01.578.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.872.374', 'N05.715.360.750.725.500', 'N06.850.520.830.872.500'], ['D01.268.150.250.500', 'J01.637.512.850.500']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Ultrastructure of spermiogenesis and the spermatozoon in Taenia crassiceps strobilae WFU strain (Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea, Taeniidae) from golden hamsters.
|
Strobilae from Taenia crassiceps (WFU strain) were obtained from outbred hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) by feeding them viable metacestodes maintained by intraperitoneal passage in female Balb/c mice. Mature and gravid proglottids from strobilae were recovered from hamster intestines and fixed for light and electron microscopy. By light microscopy, the expected structure of taeniid proglottids was observed. Ultrastructural analysis of ten proglottids showed that testicular follicles and vas deferens contained filiform spermatids, with a single axoneme, and an elongated helicoidal nucleus inserted between the axoneme and the spiraled cortical microtubules. At the apical cone, a single crest-like body was found and mature spermatids also exhibited transverse intracytoplasmic walls. The morphology and characters of the spermatids in T. crassiceps conform to type III spermiogenesis, which has been described in other taeniids.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Outbred Strains', 'Cricetinae', 'Female', 'Male', 'Mesocricetus', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Spermatogenesis', 'Spermatozoa', 'Taenia']
| 15,146,328
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.284'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['G04.152.650.624', 'G08.686.784.310.760'], ['A05.360.490.890', 'A11.497.760'], ['B01.050.500.500.736.215.895']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Are there good ways to give 'bad news'?
|
There has been considerable speculation about the inevitability of parental dissatisfaction with being informed about their child's disability. Mothers and fathers of 24 infants with a recently diagnosed disability were interviewed regarding their preferences for how to be told the "bad news." Qualitative analyses revealed nine themes of parental preferences for how to communicate difficult information. Parents affirmed communication themes previously discussed in the literature, such as being told early and together, and identified new ones, such as affective tone and physical contact with their baby. The importance of these themes is presented for this sample. Recommendations for how to present "bad news" can be concisely drawn from these findings. Results suggest that parental dissatisfaction with the process of telling is not inevitable.
|
['Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Parents', 'Physician-Patient Relations', 'Truth Disclosure']
| 8,441,562
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['F01.829.401.650.675', 'N05.300.660.625'], ['F01.829.401.046.800', 'I01.880.604.583.080.134.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
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