Title
stringlengths 1
395
⌀ | abstractText
stringlengths 57
5.98k
| meshMajor
stringlengths 14
1.03k
| pmid
int64 22
33.2M
| meshid
stringlengths 2
3.14k
| meshroot
stringlengths 2
421
| A
int64 0
1
| B
int64 0
1
| C
int64 0
1
| D
int64 0
1
| E
int64 0
1
| F
int64 0
1
| G
int64 0
1
| H
int64 0
1
| I
int64 0
1
| J
int64 0
1
| L
int64 0
1
| M
int64 0
1
| N
int64 0
1
| Z
int64 0
1
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
15-Azasteroid blockage of cell permeability and mitochondrial respiration.
|
The 15-azasteroid, 1,10,11,11a-tetrahydro-11a-methyl-2H naphth (1,2-g)indol-7-o1, inhibits the growth of the cell culture lines KB and L-M as well as several strains of bacteria. The inhibition of growth is reversed following removal of the steroid from the growth medium. Using in vitro grown L-M cells, the compound inhibited the transport of amino acids and uracil. The action was non-detergent like and at least 100 times more effective in terminating metabolite transport than sodium azide. The azasteroid inhibited the oxidation of glutamate in isolated rat liver mitochondria. The oxidation of succinate was not effected by the azasteroid alone but in the presence of glutamate, the azasteroid uncoupled the oxidation of succinate from the ADP-ATP control. It is suggested that the azasteroid may be acting directly on the electron transport system and/or acting indirectly through membrane perturbations which disrupts the electron transport process.
|
['Alanine', 'Aminoisobutyric Acids', 'Animals', 'Azasteroids', 'Azides', 'Biological Transport, Active', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Membrane Permeability', 'Imines', 'Kinetics', 'Leucine', 'Male', 'Mitochondria, Liver', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Rats', 'Steroids, Heterocyclic']
| 1,006,723
|
[['D12.125.042'], ['D02.241.081.114.968.249', 'D12.125.070.075', 'D12.125.190.055'], ['B01.050'], ['D04.210.500.925.100'], ['D01.625.100', 'D02.159'], ['G03.143.310'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G03.143.335', 'G04.175'], ['D02.491'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D12.125.070.637', 'D12.125.142.441'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564.461', 'A11.284.835.626.461'], ['G03.680'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D04.210.500.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Synthesis of (2S,3S)-[3-(2)H1]-4-methyleneglutamic acid and (2S,3R)-[2,3-(2)H2]-4-methyleneglutamic acid.
|
(2S,3S)-[3-(2)H1]-4-Methyleneglutamic acid 1a and (2S,3R)-[2,3-(2)H2]-4-methyleneglutamic acid 1b have been synthesised for use in biosynthetic and metabolic studies.
|
['Glutamates', 'Glutamic Acid', 'Molecular Structure']
| 16,604,216
|
[['D12.125.067.625', 'D12.125.119.409'], ['D12.125.067.625.349', 'D12.125.119.409.349', 'D12.125.427.300'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Information decay in molecular docking screens against holo, apo, and modeled conformations of enzymes.
|
Molecular docking uses the three-dimensional structure of a receptor to screen a small molecule database for potential ligands. The dependence of docking screens on the conformation of the binding site remains an open question. To evaluate the information loss that occurs as the active site conformation becomes less defined, a small molecule database was docked against the holo (ligand bound), apo, and homology modeled structures of 10 different enzyme binding sites. The holo and apo representations were crystallographic structures taken from the Protein Data Bank (PDB), and the homology-modeled structures were taken from the publicly available resource ModBase. The database docked was the MDL Drug Data Report (MDDR), a functionally annotated database of 95000 small molecules that contained at least 35 ligands for each of the 10 systems. In all sites, at least 99% of the molecules in the MDDR were treated as nonbinding decoys. For each system, the holo, apo, and modeled structures were used to screen the MDDR, and the ability of each structure to enrich the known ligands for that system over random selection was evaluated. The best overall enrichment was produced by the holo structure in seven systems, the apo structure in two systems, and the modeled structure in one system. These results suggest that the performance of the docking calculation is affected by the particular representation of the receptor used in the screen, and that the holo structure is the one most likely to yield the best discrimination between known ligands and decoy molecules, but important exceptions to this rule also emerge from this study. Although each of the holo, apo, and modeled conformations led to enrichment of known ligands in all systems, the enrichment did not always rise to a level judged to be sufficient to justify the effort of a docking screen. Using a 20-fold enrichment of known ligands over random selection as a rough guideline for what might be enough to justify a docking screen, the holo conformation of the enzyme met this criterion in eight of 10 sites, whereas the apo conformation met this criterion in only two sites and the modeled conformation in three.
|
['Animals', 'Apoenzymes', 'Binding Sites', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Databases, Protein', 'Enzymes', 'Holoenzymes', 'Humans', 'Ligands', 'Models, Molecular', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Conformation', 'Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 12,825,931
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.255.500', 'D12.776.070.290'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.300.750', 'L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.325.710', 'L01.470.750.750.300.750', 'L01.470.750.750.325.710'], ['D08.811'], ['D08.811.255'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['G02.111.830.500', 'G07.690.773.997.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Bilateral trochlear nerve palsy subsequent to ventriculoperitoneal shunting of normal pressure hydrocephalus.
|
Misplacement of the ventricular catheters of shunt systems may result in shunt dysfunction or a variety of neurological symptoms. Bilateral fourth nerve palsy has not been reported thus far after shunting. Here, we describe the occurrence of this unusual neurological deficit in a patient who underwent shunting for normal pressure hydrocephalus, and demonstrate its pathoanatomical correlate.
|
['Aged, 80 and over', 'Headache Disorders', 'Humans', 'Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure', 'Male', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Trochlear Nerve Diseases', 'Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt']
| 21,815,738
|
[['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C10.228.140.546'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.602.750'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['C10.292.850'], ['E04.035.188.850', 'E04.525.170.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Determination of Se(IV) and Se(VI) in Italian mineral waters.
|
This paper deals with determination of selenium and analysis of its speciation in some Italian mineral waters. Selenium was determined by differential pulse cathodic stripping voltammetry (DPCSV) even if square wave cathodic stripping voltammetry (SWCSV) was also taken into consideration. The selenium determined in the mineral waters here investigated is not over 600 ng L(-1); in three samples, it was found below the detection limit. Analysis of speciation revealed that Se(VI) is the highly prevailing form present: only two of the examined samples revealed a detectable amount (few ng L(-1)) of Se(IV). DPCSV made possible to detect, in two of the samples, the presence of a specie(s) able to interact with Se(IV). The apparent interaction constant for the adduct formation was evaluated and the species concentration determined. However, the nature of such compound(s) remains unknown.
|
['Beverages', 'Italy', 'Polarography', 'Selenium', 'Water']
| 17,217,169
|
[['G07.203.100', 'J02.200'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['E05.196.749', 'E05.301.700'], ['D01.268.185.850', 'D01.578.700'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
The movement of pyruvate, lactate and lactate dehydrogenase into rabbit oviductal fluid.
|
Pyruvate, lactate and lactate dehydrogenase appeared linearly in 2 ml 0.9% NaCl recirculated through the rabbit oviduct for 4 h in vivo. In oviducts from rabbits injected 3 days previously with 100 i.u. hCG, the rate of appearance of all three constituents was considerably reduced. It is considered unlikely that the lactate dehydrogenase secreted brings about the interconversion of pyruvate and lactate in the oviduct lumen.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Transport', 'Body Fluids', 'Fallopian Tubes', 'Female', 'L-Lactate Dehydrogenase', 'Lactates', 'Pyruvates', 'Rabbits']
| 480,313
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Late diagnosis of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas resulting in severe lower-extremity weakness: a case series.
|
BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (SDAVF) is a slow-flow extramedullary vascular lesion affecting primarily the lower thoracic and lumbar spine. The clinical sequela of these vascular changes is progressive myelopathy and severe lower-extremity weakness. Although surgical or embolic treatment of SDAVFs has improved significantly in the last years, the ambiguity of the symptoms may complicate and delay the diagnosis. The influence of the postponed diagnosis on the functional outcome of patients with SDAVF is unknown.PURPOSE: To describe a case series of patients with SDAVF that illustrates that delayed diagnosis leads to grave neurologic and functional prognosis.STUDY DESIGN: A case series.METHODS: We present a series of seven patients, treated in a tertiary university rehabilitation center over 20 years. Clinical, radiologic, and functional outcomes were evaluated by retrospective chart review. Neurologic and functional evaluation at the end of rehabilitation was evaluated with the lower extremities motor score and the Aminoff-Logue scale, respectively.RESULTS: All our patients were men with a mean age of 60.3±16 years (30-72 years), mean time until the diagnosis of SDAVF was 302.8±239 days (60-730 days), and mean overall length of stay in acute department and rehabilitation unit was 88.6±34 days (46-149 days). At the end of rehabilitation period, four patients remained at wheelchair level with an Aminoff-Logue scale grading of five whereas other functional scales showed also low levels of recovery.CONCLUSIONS: Our series showed that the potential for functional ambulation was poor despite prolonged rehabilitation treatment in late diagnosis SDAVF. Awareness of the early symptoms of SDAVF and immediate intervention may help reduce impairment in such patients.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations', 'Delayed Diagnosis', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Spinal Cord Diseases']
| 24,246,747
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.500.190', 'C14.240.850.875', 'C16.131.240.850.875', 'C16.131.666.190'], ['E01.110', 'E02.760.273', 'N02.421.585.273'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C10.228.854']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Drug-induced changes in selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase activity in the chick.
|
The ability of aurothioglucose and D(-)-penicillamine hydrochloride to inhibit selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (SeGSH-Px) in vitro and to increase exudative diathesis in vitamin E-deficient chickens was studied. Aurothioglucose and penicillamine competitively inhibited SeGSH-Px in inverse proportion to the concentration of hydrogen peroxide and reduced glutathione, respectively, in chick liver postmitochondrial supernatant assay preparations. Neither drug inhibited glutathione reductase or superoxide dismutase at the concentrations tested; however, both inhibited catalase in a semilogarithmic fashion. This was true for both the purified bovine enzyme and chick liver homogenate. Aurothioglucose and penicillamine injected subcutaneously at the back of the neck increased exudative diathesis in vitamin E-deficient chickens fed 0.1 ppm Se, and effectively overcame the protective effect of selenium 72 h after injection in chicks fed vitamin E-free, low selenium diets supplemented with 0.0-0.1 ppm Se. Assays of plasma and of liver, lung and kidney postmitochondrial supernatants indicated that all observed reductions in SeGSH-Px activity preceded increases in exudative diathesis. Plasma and liver SeGSH-Px activities were lower at early times (6-24 h) after treatment with high doses of either drug. Lung SeGSH-Px activities were only lower in chicks receiving 240 mg penicillamine/kg 6 h after treatment; kidney SeGSH-Px activities were only lower in chicks treated with the highest dose of aurothioglucose 48 h after treatment. Brain SeGSH-Px activities were unaffected by drug treatment and the heart had higher SeGSH-Px activities only at 6 h after treatment with the highest dose of either drug compared to saline controls. Catalase activities in liver homogenates were only significantly altered by penicillamine; the highest dose caused the activity to be higher than that in saline-treated chicks. The cause of the lower SeGSH-Px activities could be either lower enzyme concentrations in tissues of the drug-treated groups and/or direct inhibition. Whatever the mechanism, it is concluded that exudative diathesis can be used to determine which drugs reduce SeGSH-Px activity in the chick.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Animals', 'Aurothioglucose', 'Catalase', 'Chickens', 'Drug Interactions', 'Glutathione Peroxidase', 'Injections, Subcutaneous', 'Liver', 'Penicillamine', 'Poultry Diseases', 'Selenium', 'Vitamin E Deficiency']
| 3,932,615
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.691.675.249'], ['D08.811.682.732.332'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['D08.811.682.732.500'], ['E02.319.267.530.620'], ['A03.620'], ['D02.886.030.786', 'D12.125.166.786'], ['C22.131.728'], ['D01.268.185.850', 'D01.578.700'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.841']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Parenchymatous thyroid nodules: a histocytological study of 31 cases from a goitrous area.
|
AIMS: To analyse the benefits and limitations of fine needle aspiration in the cytological differentiation of parenchymatous nodular goitres from follicular tumours in an endemic area.METHODS: Cytological smears of fine needle aspirates from 31 parenchymatous nodular goitres were studied. A sample from the punctured nodules was fixed in formalin and stained with haematoxylin and eosin for histological analysis.RESULTS: All nodules occurred in a multinodular gland, were well circumscribed, did not compress surrounding thyroid tissue, and for the most part, were unencapsulated. Two cases showed cytological features of nodular goitre, two of colloid cysts; the remaining 27 were cytologically indistinguishable from follicular lesions.CONCLUSIONS: Most of the parenchymatous nodules studied had features suggestive of follicular lesions or neoplasia, but surgical treatment should only be considered after hormone treatment has proved unsuccessful, and when they are not suspected as malignant clinically. Fine needle aspiration is useful as a diagnostic and screening aid, but the results should be interpreted with caution to prevent unnecessary surgery.
|
['Biopsy, Needle', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Cytoplasm', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Goiter, Endemic', 'Goiter, Nodular', 'Humans', 'Thyroid Gland', 'Thyroid Neoplasms']
| 1,740,509
|
[['E01.370.225.500.384.100.119', 'E01.370.225.998.054.119', 'E01.370.388.100.100', 'E04.074.119', 'E04.665.100', 'E05.200.500.384.100.119', 'E05.200.998.054.119', 'E05.242.384.100.119'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['A11.284.430.214'], ['E01.171'], ['C19.874.283.300'], ['C19.874.283.501'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A06.300.900'], ['C04.588.322.894', 'C04.588.443.915', 'C19.344.894', 'C19.874.788']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Taxol directly induces endoplasmic reticulum-associated calcium changes that promote apoptosis in breast cancer cells.
|
Calcium, a key regulator of cell survival, is also important in regulating apoptosis. Although the chemotherapeutic agent Taxol employs apoptosis to induce cell death, the exact mechanism of how it induces apoptosis and the role of calcium in this process remains unclear. The main intracellular calcium storehouse, the endoplasmic reticulum, was identified as a new important gateway in apoptosis, possibly providing a target for Taxol. The goal of this study was to investigate whether calcium changes associated with the endoplasmic reticulum, were directly or indirectly generated by Taxol at clinically relevant doses, and related to Taxol-induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Time-lapsed imaging techniques followed by an endoplasmic reticulum-targeted construct, cameleon D1ER, were used to monitor cytosol--endoplasmic reticulum calcium dynamics in MDA-MB-468 (Bcl-2 negative) and MCF 7 (Bcl-2 positive) breast carcinoma cells. Apoptosis levels were measured with Annexin V and Propidium Iodide (PI) using flow cytometry. In both cell lines, Taxol at 2.5ìM (?10(-6) M) was observed to induce significant internal calcium changes, first a rapid endoplasmic reticulum calcium release and a transient cytosolic calcium increase upon Taxol addition. After several hours of Taxol treatment, the endoplasmic reticulum calcium store was gradually depleted, and a sustained cytosolic calcium elevation was observed before significant induction of apoptosis. Inhibition of these calcium changes decreased Taxol-induced apoptosis levels. In contrast, 0.2ìM Taxol (?10(-7)M) induced only a slight cellular calcium change, not enough to regulate apoptosis. Our findings demonstrate that endoplasmic reticulum calcium stores provide a direct target for Taxol action and are important for induction of apoptosis, independent of Bcl-2 status. Furthermore, our results show for the first time, that the role of calcium in Taxol-induced endoplasmic reticulum-mediated apoptosis is dependent on Taxol dosage.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic', 'Apoptosis', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Calcium', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cytosol', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Endoplasmic Reticulum', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Paclitaxel']
| 21,073,601
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D27.505.954.248.179'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.248'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888.777', 'D02.455.849.291.850.777']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Boosting a teen substance use prevention program with motivational interviewing.
|
A brief motivational interviewing (MI) intervention may be a viable adjunct to school-based substance abuse prevention programs. This article describes the development and implementation of a brief MI intervention with 573 adolescents (mean age 16.8; 40.3% female, 68% Latino) enrolled in eight continuation high schools in Southern California. Study participants were assigned to the MI condition in a randomized controlled trial of Project Toward No Drug Abuse. Data are provided on dosage, topics discussed, and quality of MI determined with the Motivational Interviewing Skill Code (MISC). Results suggest that the protocol was feasible and implemented with adequate fidelity. The study's limitations are noted.
|
['Adolescent', 'California', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Male', 'Motivation', 'School Health Services', 'Substance-Related Disorders', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 22,216,936
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['Z01.107.567.875.580.200', 'Z01.107.567.875.760.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['N02.421.726.809'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
How robust is ACTIVLIM for the follow-up of activity limitations in patients with neuromuscular diseases?
|
This study aims to investigate the clinimetric properties of ACTIVLIM, a measure of activity limitations, when it is used in daily practice in a large nationwide representative cohort of patients with neuromuscular diseases. A cohort of 2986 patients was assessed at least once over 2 years in 6 national neuromuscular diseases reference centers. Successive Rasch analyses were conducted in order to investigate the scale validity, reliability, consistency across demographic and clinical sub-groups and its sensitivity to change. ACTIVLIM confirmed excellent fit to a unidimensional scale, with stable but 3-times more accurate item calibrations compared to the original publication. It showed a good reliability (R = 0.95), an appropriate targeting for 87% of the sample and an excellent invariance across age, gender, language and time. Despite some variations in the item difficulty hierarchy across diagnoses, ACTIVLIM exhibited a good capability to quantify small but significant changes in activity for various diagnostic groups. Overall, ACTIVLIM demonstrated very good clinimetric properties, allowing accurate quantitative measurement of activity limitations in both children and adults with a variety of neuromuscular diseases.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Child', 'Disability Evaluation', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuromuscular Diseases', 'Psychometrics', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Young Adult']
| 26,826,887
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E01.370.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.668'], ['F04.711.780'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[The clinical aspects of 4 cases of oral Kaposi's sarcoma].
|
The authors report 4 cases of patients with AIDS and harbouring oral lesions of Kaposi's sarcoma. They describe the macroscopic appearance and clinical signs in relation to epidemic Kaposi's systemic ones. Because of the anamnestic or coexistence of oral mycosis (Candida), in every case the authors suppose that it may precede Kaposi's manifestations, with a very severe prognosis, correlated to progressive and deadly course of this illness.
|
['AIDS-Related Complex', 'Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome', 'Adult', 'Candidiasis, Oral', 'HIV Seropositivity', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mouth Neoplasms', 'Opportunistic Infections', 'Prognosis', 'Sarcoma, Kaposi']
| 1,803,225
|
[['C01.221.250.875.080', 'C01.221.812.640.400.080', 'C01.778.640.400.080', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.080', 'C01.925.813.400.080', 'C01.925.839.080', 'C20.673.480.080'], ['C01.221.250.875.040', 'C01.221.812.640.400.040', 'C01.778.640.400.040', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.040', 'C01.925.813.400.040', 'C01.925.839.040', 'C20.673.480.040'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C01.150.703.160.180', 'C07.465.130'], ['C01.221.250.875.500', 'C01.221.812.640.400.500', 'C01.778.640.400.500', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.500', 'C01.925.813.400.500', 'C20.673.480.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.443.591', 'C07.465.530'], ['C01.597', 'C01.610.684', 'C01.925.597'], ['E01.789'], ['C01.925.256.466.860', 'C04.557.450.795.850', 'C04.557.645.750']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Substrate-induced activation of dienelactone hydrolase: an enzyme with a naturally occurring Cys-His-Asp triad.
|
The Cys-His-Asp catalytic triad found in dienelactone hydrolase (DLH) is unusual for several reasons. It has not been observed in other hydrolytic enzymes and it is virtually inactive when it is produced by site-directed mutagenesis in the proteases. We propose a model to explain why this triad is catalytically active in DLH but not in the proteases. In the resting state of DLH, His202 forms an ion pair with Asp171 and Cys123 exists as a thiol. The resting state thiol does not interact with His202 in the active site but instead forms a hydrogen bond with Glu36 in the interior of the molecule. In the absence of substrate, Glu36 is also ion paired with Arg206. When substrate binds, Arg206 forms a second ion pair with the anionic substrate and the Arg206/Glu36 ion pair weakens. The destabilized Glu36 carboxylate shifts towards and deprotonates the Cys123 thiol, thereby activating the nucleophile. As the thiolate anion is not energetically favoured in the hydrophobic interior of the enzyme, it swings into the active site where it can be stabilized by the His202 imidazolium and the dipole of helix C. The Cys123 thiolate which now lies adjacent to the acyl carbon of the substrate, is thus generated only in the presence of substrate. The mode of thiolate activation reduces the susceptibility of DLH towards thiol alkylating agents.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases', 'Catalysis', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Hydrogen Bonding', 'Lactones', 'Models, Chemical', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Conformation']
| 8,234,228
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D08.811.277.352.100'], ['G02.130'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['G02.282'], ['D02.540'], ['E05.599.495'], ['E05.599.595'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Flunarizine, a new preventive approach to migraine. A double-blind comparison with placebo.
|
Seventeen patients with common or classic migraine were prophylactically treated with 10 mg flunarizine daily, whereas 18 patients received a placebo during a 12-week randomized double-blind study. In the gross flunarizine was significantly superior to the placebo. Only 3 patients felt that flunarizine had been useless and the investigator also guessed the medication code correctly in all but these 3 cases. After a 1-month starting period the difference between flunarizine and placebo in reducing the frequency of the migraine attacks became statistically significant in favour of flunarizine. The mean monthly number of attacks was respectively 3.3 and 3.8 before the study and 1.4 and 3.2 during the study. The limited scale of the trial precluded a judgment as to whether one type of migraine would respond better to flunarizine than the other. Side-effects were negligible, weight gain being secondary to the therapeutic effect rather than an untoward consequence of treatment.
|
['Adult', 'Cinnarizine', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Flunarizine', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Migraine Disorders', 'Piperazines', 'Random Allocation']
| 6,325,065
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D03.383.606.290'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['D03.383.606.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.228.140.546.399.750'], ['D03.383.606'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The first two cantharidin analogues displaying PP1 selectivity.
|
High pressure Diels-Alder reactions of furan and dimethylmaleate, and thiophene and maleimide resulted in two cantharidin analogues, 3 and 6 possessing PP1 selectivity (>40- and >30-fold selectivity) over PP2A. Both compounds exhibited moderate PP1 activity, 3 IC(50) 50 microM and 6 IC(50) 12.5 microM. Interestingly, the corresponding mono-ester derivatives of 3 showed no such selectivity.
|
['Cantharidin', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Indicators and Reagents', 'Phosphoprotein Phosphatases', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Substrate Specificity']
| 11,814,804
|
[['D03.633.100.127.125'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['D27.720.470.410'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.625'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['G02.111.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Molecular mechanisms of cyclosporin A inhibition of the cytokine-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 in glomerular mesangial cells.
|
The effects of the immunosuppressants cyclosporin A (CsA) and tacrolimus (FK506) on the IL-1beta-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) were investigated. Impairment of the protease-antiprotease balance contributes to renal fibrosis, which is observed collectively under long-term treatment with either immunosuppressant. It is demonstrated that CsA, in contrast to FK506, reduced the IL-1beta-induced MMP-9 content in conditioned media of mesangial cells, which coincides with a reduction in the cytokine-induced MMP-9 mRNA level. Similar to FK506, the VIVIT peptide, a specific inhibitor of the nuclear factor of activated T cells, did not affect the cytokine-induced MMP-9 level. Moreover, CsA caused a dose-dependent inhibition on the IL-1beta-induced luciferase activity of a 1.3-kb MMP-9 promoter fragment. Concomitant, electrophoretic mobility shift assay revealed that CsA selectively inhibits the cytokine-induced DNA binding of activator protein-1 and NF-kappaB. The effects on NF-kappaB binding were accompanied by a marked reduction in the nuclear content of the p65 subunit of NF-kappaB. Accordingly, CsA specifically impaired the IL-1beta-triggered degradation of inhibitory NF-kappaB. The suppressive effects by CsA on MMP-9 expression were accompanied by a reduction in the cytokine-induced phosphorylation of p42/p44 and c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK). It is interesting that only the JNK inhibitor SP600125 impaired the cytokine-triggered MMP-9 level, suggesting that CsA, via inhibition of the JNK pathway, negatively interferes with the NF-kappaB-dependent transcriptional control of MMP-9. Interference with MMP-9 transcription may account for the accumulation of extracellular matrix underlying the high fibrotic potential of CsA during anti-inflammatory therapies with calcineurin inhibitors.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cyclosporine', 'Cytokines', 'Disease Progression', 'Enzyme Induction', 'Glomerular Mesangium', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Interleukin-1beta', 'Kidney Diseases', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 9', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors', 'Rats', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Tacrolimus']
| 17,202,418
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['D04.345.566.235.300', 'D12.644.641.235.300'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['G05.308.320.200'], ['A05.810.453.324.359.620.500', 'A05.810.453.736.520.620.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010.600', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400.600', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010.600', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400.600', 'D23.529.374.465.131.600', 'D23.529.374.500.400.600'], ['C12.777.419', 'C13.351.968.419'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.350', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.350', 'D12.644.276.848.350', 'D12.776.467.836.350'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.610'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.828'], ['D02.540.505.810']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of Brassica oleracea in rats skin wound healing.
|
PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of Brassica oleracea herbal balsam on the healing of skin wounds in rats.METHODS: Twenty four rats (Wistar, 60 days, 250 g) were divided into four groups: untreated animals (C) and treated with the ointment (T), subdivided into two experimental times (seven and 16 days). A 3cm² skin wound was made in the back of all animals. 100 ml of the Brassica oleracea was applied twice a day in T group. Biometric analysis was made with images captured at one, four, seven, ten, 13, and 16 days. At seven and 16 days, animals of each group were euthanized. The wound area removed was processed for histological and histomorphometric analysis to quantify birefringent collagen fibers. Statistical analysis was made considering p < 0.05 as significant.RESULTS: Biometric analysis revealed no significant differences between groups in both experimental times studied. However, histomorphometric analysis showed that the number of type I collagen fibers was significantly higher in the specimens of the group T16 compared to the other groups.CONCLUSION: Brassica oleracea accelerated the wound healing process increasing the number of type I collagen fibers and the maturity of the newly formed tissue.
|
['Animals', 'Biometry', 'Brassica', 'Collagen', 'Plant Extracts', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Skin', 'Tensile Strength', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Wound Healing']
| 24,000,060
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.318.740.225', 'N06.850.505.200'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.200'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['A17.815'], ['G01.374.850'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Bringing the Bottom Billion into Basic Literacy: How We Can and Why We Must.
|
Close to one billion people in the world do not have basic literacy skills. A key challenge is reaching children in the midst of circumstances that make a traditional school-based approach impractical. This chapter will describe a cross-disciplinary, mobile technology approach to literacy education. The Curious Learning approach distributes research-based, English literacy content on mobile devices to children without access to an adequate school. The software platform is equipped with data collection tools to measure usage patterns and literacy outcomes. Results indicate that regular access resulted in higher early literacy skills. Future efforts will focus on adapting this approach in the languages spoken in the homes of the children.
|
['Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Computer-Assisted Instruction', 'Developing Countries', 'Ethiopia', 'Humans', 'India', 'Learning', 'Literacy', 'Mobile Applications', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'South Africa', 'Uganda', 'United States']
| 29,243,382
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['I02.903.771.500.208'], ['I01.615.500.300'], ['Z01.058.290.120.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['F01.145.209.429', 'N01.824.196.500'], ['L01.224.900.685'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['Z01.058.290.175.735'], ['Z01.058.290.120.880'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Microleakage: the effect of storage and cycling duration.
|
This investigation revealed that the limited storage time or cycling durations used had no significant impact on the microleakage patterns of a resin-bonded composite in Class V preparations. Short-term cycling appears as effective in demonstrating marginal leakage as protracted cycling regimens. These findings may be helpful in interpreting and comparing various microleakage studies.
|
['Composite Resins', 'Dental Leakage', 'Dental Restoration, Permanent', 'Humans', 'Periodicity', 'Time Factors']
| 3,474,404
|
[['D05.750.716.822.308', 'D25.339.816.500', 'D25.720.716.822.308', 'J01.637.051.339.816.500', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.308'], ['C07.793.221'], ['E06.323.428', 'E06.780.346.737', 'E07.695.190.190'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.910.645', 'G07.180.562'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Left ventricular function in essential hypertension during isoproterenol infusion].
|
The left ventricular function of 23 patients with essential hypertension was investigated during infusion of isoproterenol (ISP). These patients consisted of 13 without cardiac hypertrophy (Group NH) and 10 with cardiac hypertrophy (Group HH). Ten normotensive subjects served as normal controls. To assess left ventricular functions, M-mode echocardiograms were recorded at rest and after ISP infusion for 5 minutes (0.005 and 0.01 microgram/kg/min). There were no significant differences in peak negative dD/dt in all groups at rest. But peak negative dD/dt of Group HH significantly decreased after an infusion of 0.005 microgram/kg/min ISP (Group N: 3.43 +/- 0.69, Group NH: 3.15 +/- 0.61, and Group HH: 2.49 +/- 0.48 cm/sec, respectively). The peak negative dD/dt of Group HH was also significantly decreased after a dose of 0.01 microgram/kg/min. Among all patients with hypertension, peak negative dD/dt correlated inversely with left ventricular mass (LVM) after the infusion of ISP (0.005 microgram/kg/min: r = -0.64, p less than 0.001, 0.01 microgram/kg/min: r = -0.68, p less than 0.001). The peak positive dD/dt of Group HH was significantly decreased only when compared with that of Group N at rest (Group N: 3.15 +/- 0.75, Group NH: 3.02 +/- 0.86, and Group HH: 1.92 +/- 0.68 cm/sec, respectively). The difference between the peak positive dD/dt of Group HH and that of Group N was more prominent after the infusion of ISP than at rest. Among all patients with hypertension, the peak positive dD/dt was inversely related to LVM at rest (r = -0.64, p less than 0.002). There was a similar relation between the two indexes after the infusion of ISP. Peak positive dD/dt was related to peak negative dD/dt after a dose of 0.01 microgram/kg/min in Group HH (r = 0.67, p less than 0.05). There was no significant difference in heart rate, change in blood pressure, or total peripheral vascular resistance after the infusion of ISP. It is concluded that diastolic left ventricular dysfunction and latent systolic left ventricular dysfunction are related to increased LVM in Group HH. It seems that after the infusion of ISP severe diastolic left ventricular dysfunction is related to latent systolic left ventricular dysfunction.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Blood Pressure', 'Cardiomegaly', 'Echocardiography', 'Heart', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Isoproterenol', 'Middle Aged', 'Stroke Volume', 'Vascular Resistance']
| 2,942,608
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['C14.280.195', 'C23.300.775.250'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['A07.541'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['D02.033.100.291.439', 'D02.092.063.291.439', 'D02.092.311.649', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.649'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.370.380.150.700', 'G09.330.380.124.882'], ['G09.330.380.921']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A pediatric case of pigmented epithelioid melanocytoma with chromosomal copy number alterations in 15q and 17q and a novel NTRK3-SCAPER gene fusion.
|
Pigmented epithelioid melanocytoma (PEM) represents a group of rare, heavily pigmented melanocytic tumors encompassing lesions previously designated as "animal-type melanomas" and "epithelioid blue nevi." Despite the association of multiple such tumors in the setting of Carney complex, most cases of PEM occur spontaneously as solitary neoplasms in otherwise healthy patients. PEM may arise in both children and adults, and has a known propensity to spread to the regional lymph nodes. Despite this latter finding, recurrence at the biopsy site or spread beyond the lymph node basin is exceptionally uncommon. Although the molecular basis for PEM continues to be characterized, findings to date suggest that this category of melanocytic neoplasia has genetic alterations distinct from those seen in common nevi, dysplastic nevi, Spitz nevi, and melanoma. Herein, we present an in-depth clinical, histopathologic, and molecular analysis of a case of PEM occurring on the scalp of a young African American girl found to have a novel NTRK3-SCAPER gene fusion.
|
['Carrier Proteins', 'Child, Preschool', 'Chromosome Aberrations', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17', 'Discoidin Domain Receptor 2', 'Female', 'Head and Neck Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Nevus, Blue', 'Oncogene Proteins, Fusion', 'Skin Neoplasms']
| 31,437,301
|
[['D12.776.157'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C23.550.210', 'G05.365.590.175'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.370.385', 'G05.360.162.520.300.370.385'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.415.425', 'G05.360.162.520.300.415.425'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.005.750', 'D12.776.543.750.630.005.750', 'D12.776.543.750.685.050.750', 'D12.776.543.750.705.880.300.750'], ['C04.588.443'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.665.560.615.550'], ['D12.776.602.500.500', 'D12.776.624.664.500'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Computer-assisted analysis of fetal movements in intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR).
|
A quantitative analysis of various fetal activities (mouth, eye and gross body movements) was made in 10 IUGR human fetuses. The aim of the study was to see whether IUGR fetuses move differently to normal fetuses. Each real-time ultrasound recording lasted 1 h and the analysis of various activities was carried out during replay of video recordings by means of a specially designed computer program. The following aspects have been investigated: (1) incidence, duration and interval for each of the fetal activities described; (2) the relationship between incidence, duration and interval for each single activity; (3) the correlations between the different activities. The results were compared with a group of 10 fetuses from normal pregnancies. On quantitative evaluation no clear effects due to uncomplicated IUGR could be detected except for median duration of eye movements, which turned out to be longer in the IUGR group. The evaluation of correlations between the characteristics (incidence, duration and interval) of each activity showed a positive correlation between incidence and duration of mouthing movements in the IUGR group, not found in the normal group. The study of the correlation between different fetal activities has shown an inverse correlation between mouthing and other activities in the normal fetuses, not found in the IUGR group. We conclude that in mildly affected fetuses with no evidence of hypoxia, there are no quantitative differences compared to normal fetuses in terms of the motility studied. The only differences found were in relation to the performance of such activities and they could reflect a dysfunction of the central nervous system resulting from a metabolic disturbance.
|
['Eye Movements', 'Female', 'Fetal Growth Retardation', 'Fetal Movement', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mouth', 'Pregnancy', 'Software', 'Ultrasonography', 'Video Recording']
| 9,605,466
|
[['G11.427.410.140', 'G14.350'], ['C13.703.277.370', 'C16.300.390', 'C23.550.393.450'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.374', 'G08.686.784.170.157.374'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.456.505.631', 'A03.556.500', 'A14.549'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['L01.224.900'], ['E01.370.350.850'], ['L01.280.960']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Adaptability of structured forms for CSII initiation in patients with type 2 diabetes the Getting2Goal(SM) concept.
|
BACKGROUND: The goal is to assess the usability and satisfaction of implementing the Getting2Goal(SM) protocol by physicians transitioning patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) from multiple daily injections (MDI) to continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII).METHODS: T2DM patients from three diabetes clinics were switched from MDI to CSII. Physicians used the Getting2Goal type 2 pumping protocol to prescribe and manage insulin pump therapy for T2DM. Surveys were conducted in which the physicians rated their feedback related to acceptability of the Getting2Goal on a 5-point Likert scale.RESULTS: 17 patients with T2DM were switched from MDI to CSII treatment. Mean (±standard deviation) age was 61.2 ± 7.7 (46-77) years, weight was 91.4 ± 21 (66-147) kg, BMI was 31.9 ± 7.6, A1C was 9.2 ± 1.4 % (7.2-12.3) and TDD on MDI was 109.1 ± 53.1 units. Surveys completed by physicians indicated Getting2Goal type 2 pumping protocol to be more efficient, time saving, and structured compared to their current processes. In addition, the primarily prescribed TDD on pump was 98.1 ± 50.0 units and the TDD at first download was 81.4 ± 36.4 units, representing a 25.4 % reduction in TDD At first download. The percentage of all blood glucose readings below 70 mg/dL was also very low.CONCLUSIONS: The data indicate Getting2Goal materials as a standard approach that is simple and efficient to initiate pump therapy for T2DM. At the same time, it is safe and a useful tool for physicians that are starting to prescribe pump therapy for T2DM.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Aged', 'Blood Glucose', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Female', 'Glycated Hemoglobin A', 'Humans', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Infusions, Subcutaneous', 'Insulin', 'Insulin Infusion Systems', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 26,746,672
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['D09.400.430.937', 'D12.776.124.400.405.440', 'D12.776.395.381', 'D12.776.422.316.762.380.440'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.422'], ['E02.319.267.510.795'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['E02.319.300.508', 'E07.505.508', 'E07.858.082.505.508'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cloning and characterization of HEP21, a new member of the uPAR/Ly6 protein superfamily predominantly expressed in hen egg white.
|
Using two-dimensional (2D)-PAGE, partial protein internal sequencing, and PCR with degenerate primers, we cloned a novel cDNA named HEP21 from hen egg white. The 0.5-kb cDNA encodes a 106 amino acid protein with a cysteine spacing pattern suggesting that HEP21 is a new member of the uPAR/CD59/Ly-6/ snake neurotoxin superfamily. The closest homology of HEP21 is to mouse Ly-6C. Unlike most members of this protein family, HEP21 is not glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored but is a secreted protein, as indicated by its localization and the presence of a signal peptide in its sequence. Moreover, HEP21 appears as an original member of this protein superfamily because it is predominantly expressed in a tissue, i.e., the oviduct, and especially the magnum where the egg white components are secreted.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Chickens', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Egg Proteins', 'Egg White', 'Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional', 'Female', 'Gene Expression', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Oviducts', 'Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sequence Analysis, Protein', 'Sequence Homology']
| 12,619,801
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['D12.776.290'], ['G07.203.300.470.700', 'J02.500.470.700'], ['E05.196.401.250', 'E05.301.300.230'], ['G05.297'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['A13.706'], ['E05.393.620.500.687', 'E05.601.700'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['E05.393.760.705'], ['G02.111.810', 'G05.810']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Assessment of haematotoxic potential of mercuric chloride in rat.
|
The blood is an important liquid connective tissue flow in body and performs the role of distribution of oxygen to various tissues, taken out carbon dioxide and maintains the health status of an organism. Any change in the blood components can cause adverse effects on the body. The effect of mercuric chloride has been evaluated on blood in albino rats (Rattus norvegicus). The albino rats were treated with mercuric chloride 0.926 mg kg(-1) body wt. for acute (1 day) and 0.044 mg kg(-1) body wt. for sub-acute (7, 14 and 21 day) sets after calculating LD50 (9.26 mg kg(-1) body wt.). Major changes have been observed in the form of enhanced clotting time (CT) and bleeding time (BT) due to toxic effect of mercuric chloride on haemopoietic system along with decrease in the total erythrocyte count (TEC) and haemoglobin concentration (Hb. conc.). The changes in erythrocyte count and haemoglobin concentration have been correlated with cytotoxic effect of mercuric chloride on erythropoiesis. However, the intoxication of mercuric chloride on total leukocyte count (TLC) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) has been observed to be significantly increased after acute and sub-acute treatments due to leucocytosis and rouleux formation. Moreover the present observations highlight dose dependent toxicity.
|
['Animals', 'Blood', 'Blood Coagulation', 'Blood Sedimentation', 'Erythrocyte Count', 'Erythropoiesis', 'Female', 'Lethal Dose 50', 'Leukocyte Count', 'Male', 'Mercuric Chloride', 'Rats']
| 20,143,731
|
[['B01.050'], ['A12.207.152', 'A15.145'], ['G09.188.390.150'], ['E01.370.225.625.125', 'E05.200.625.125'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.330', 'E01.370.225.625.107.330', 'E05.200.500.195.107.330', 'E05.200.625.107.330', 'E05.242.195.107.330', 'G04.140.107.330', 'G09.188.105.330'], ['G04.152.825.414', 'G09.188.343.414'], ['E05.940.402', 'G07.225.500', 'G07.690.773.875.750', 'G07.690.936.500.750'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595', 'E05.200.625.107.595', 'E05.242.195.107.595', 'G04.140.107.595', 'G09.188.105.595'], ['D01.210.450.150.525', 'D01.538.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Molecular and pharmacological evidence for a facilitatory functional role of pre-synaptic GLUK2/3 kainate receptors on GABA release in rat trigeminal caudal nucleus.
|
BACKGROUND: Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate (GLU) are involved in nociceptive signals processing in the trigeminal system. In this study, we investigated the influence of excitatory transmission on GABA release in nerve terminals isolated from the rat trigeminal caudal nucleus (TCN).METHODS: We utilize biochemical (superfused synaptosomes loaded with [(3) H]GABA) and morphological (immunofluorescence experiments with specific antibody) techniques.RESULTS: Our results show that GLU potentiates the release of [(3) H]GABA evoked by 9, 15 and 30 mM [K(+)](e); 15 mM [K(+)](e)-evoked [(3) H]GABA release was also reinforced by domoate and kainate (KA), two naturally occurring GLU-receptor agonists. The enhancement of 15 mM [K(+)](e)-evoked [(3) H]GABA release produced by 100 ìM KA was abolished by NBQX, a mixed AMPA/KA receptor antagonist, but was not affected by GYKI52466, a selective AMPA receptor antagonist. ATPA, a selective agonist for KA receptors containing the GLUK1 subunit, had no effect on depolarization-induced [(3) H]GABA release, and UBP310, which selectively antagonizes these same receptors, failed to reverse the KA-induced potentiation of 15 mM [K(+)](e)-evoked [(3) H]GABA release. The KA-induced potentiation was also unaffected by concanavalin A (10 ìM), a positive allosteric modulator of GLUK1- and GLUK2-containing KA receptors. Immunofluorescence experiments revealed that GABAergic nerve terminals in the TCN differentially expressed GLUK subunits, with GLUK2/3-positive terminals being twice more abundant than GLUK1-containing synaptosomes.CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that pre-synaptic KA receptors facilitating GABA release from TCN nerve terminals mainly express GLUK2/GLUK3 subunits, supporting the notion that different types of KA receptors are involved in the various stages of pain transmission.
|
['Animals', 'Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists', 'Kainic Acid', 'Male', 'Neurons', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Receptors, Kainic Acid', 'Synaptic Transmission', 'Synaptosomes', 'Trigeminal Caudal Nucleus', 'gamma-Aminobutyric Acid']
| 22,392,917
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.625.190.200', 'D27.505.696.577.190.200'], ['D03.383.773.400'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.500.200', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.200.200', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.200.200', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.400.200'], ['G02.111.820.850', 'G04.835.850', 'G07.265.880', 'G11.561.830'], ['A11.284.835.859'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.591.500.875.500', 'A08.186.211.132.931.920.927'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350', 'D12.125.190.350']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Beyond the biomedical and behavioural: towards an integrated approach to HIV prevention in the southern African mining industry.
|
While migrant labour is believed to play an important role in the dynamics of HIV-transmission in many of the countries of southern Africa, little has been written about the way in which HIV/AIDS has been dealt with in the industrial settings in which many migrant workers are employed. This paper takes the gold mining industry in the countries of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) as a case study. While many mines made substantial efforts to establish HIV-prevention programmes relatively early on in the epidemic, these appear to have had little impact. The paper analyses the response of key players in the mining industry, in the interests of highlighting the limitations of the way in which both managements and trade unions have responded to HIV. It will be argued that the energy that has been devoted either to biomedical or behavioural prevention programmes or to human rights issues has served to obscure the social and developmental dimensions of HIV-transmission. This argument is supported by means of a case study which seeks to highlight the complexity of the dynamics of disease transmission in this context, a complexity which is not reflected in individualistic responses. An account is given of a new intervention which seeks to develop a more integrated approach to HIV management in an industrial setting.
|
['Adult', 'Government', 'HIV Infections', 'Health Education', 'Health Services Research', 'Humans', 'Labor Unions', 'Male', 'Mining', 'Sex Education', 'Sexual Behavior', 'South Africa', 'Transients and Migrants']
| 10,400,262
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['I01.409', 'N03.540.348'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['I02.233.332', 'N02.421.726.407'], ['H01.770.644.145.360', 'N03.349.380', 'N05.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.540.571'], ['J01.576.655.875.500'], ['F04.096.837.500', 'I02.233.332.749'], ['F01.145.802'], ['Z01.058.290.175.735'], ['M01.920']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Deprivation of pantothenic acid elicits a movement disorder and azoospermia in a mouse model of pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration.
|
We asked whether a movement disorder could be elicited by deprivation of pantothenic acid (PA; vitamin B5), the substrate for the enzyme pantothenate kinase 2 (PANK2), which is deficient in the inherited neurological disorder PKAN (pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration formerly called Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome). This study was undertaken because mice made null for Pank2 failed to show the neurological manifestations of the human disease. Wild-type and Pank2 mutant mice were fed pantothenic acid-deficient diets and were monitored for general health, fertility and movement compared with animals on control diets over time. Mice of both genotypes on PA-deficient diets exhibited poor grooming, greying of fur and decreased body weight. With PA deprivation, wild-type mice manifested azoospermia (a phenotype also seen in Pank2 mice) as well as a movement disorder with a low-lying pelvis and slow steps. Rear limbs appeared to drag and occasionally extended into unnatural postures for 16-17 s duration, possibly indicative of dystonia. Movement disruption probably also occurs in PA-deprived Pank2 mutant mice, but they died precipitously before undergoing detailed analysis. Remarkably, restoration of dietary PA led to recovery of general health and grooming, weight gain, reversal of the movement disorder, and reappearance of mature sperm within 4 weeks. This study confirms the primacy of PA metabolism in the mechanism of disease in PKAN. PA deprivation provides a useful phenocopy for PKAN and allows us to test pharmacological and other interventional strategies in the treatment of this devastating disease.
|
['Animals', 'Azoospermia', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Growth Disorders', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Motor Activity', 'Nerve Degeneration', 'Pantothenic Acid', 'Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)']
| 17,429,753
|
[['B01.050'], ['C12.294.365.700.380'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['C23.550.393'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['C23.550.737'], ['D02.478.520', 'D12.125.042.070.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Attempted suicide in patients with eating disorders.
|
BACKGROUND: Suicide is a major cause of mortality for patients with eating disorders (ED), especially for patients with anorexia nervosa. Attempted suicide is also relatively common in patients with anorexia or bulimia nervosa.AIMS: This study aimed at examining associations between attempted suicide and trait- and state-dependent characteristics in a large clinical population of ED patients.METHOD: The sample consisted of 1,436 in- and outpatients of the Centre for Eating Disorders of the Ghent University Hospital. Measures of ED symptoms, psychopathology, and personality traits were compared between ED patients with and ED patients without a history of attempted suicide.RESULTS: A history of attempted suicide was found in 11.8% of the ED patients and lifetime suicidal ideation was reported by 43.3%. Multivariate analyses showed that a history of attempted suicide was associated with higher scores on depression, purging symptomatology, early-developed cognitive schemes (impaired autonomy and increased inhibition), and social insecurity.CONCLUSION: These findings support the increased risk of suicidal behavior in ED. The presence of particular personality traits, of cognitive schemes, and of purging and depressive symptoms should increase vigilance for suicidal behavior.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Antisocial Personality Disorder', 'Binge-Eating Disorder', 'Feeding and Eating Disorders', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Personality', 'Personality Inventory', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Risk Factors', 'Suicide, Attempted', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Young Adult']
| 25,231,853
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F03.675.050'], ['F03.400.188'], ['F03.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.752'], ['F04.711.647.513'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.126.980.875.600', 'I01.880.735.856.600'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Independence of nurses in the therapeutic team based on dialysis units in region of L?d?].
|
UNLABELLED: Professional role of modern nurse requires from her in process of treatment this kind of procedure, which is expected by patient and it is implicated with direction of medical operation. Dependence place of doctor occupies then sense of cooperation. Insufficient independence, making oppositions before decision-making and fear before personal responsibility causes, that doctors and patients don't feel comfort of cooperation, what is effective lack of confidence. The aim of research was finding the answer for questions: How is formed nursing independence by taking care of patients in peritoneal dialysis? What is level of nurses preparation for independent work in dialyses stations? Has education of nurses really influence on quality of professional care?MATERIAL AND METHODS: Presented work is based on questionnaire research, carried out from December 2006 to March 2007. It has included 82 nurses, who working in dialyses stations in Lodz province.RESULTS: Research has exerted, that over 3/5 respondents haven't been sufficiently prepared to work in dialysis station. About 30% of researched group didn't have enough knowledge to embrace patients entire care. The will of uplifting of professional qualifications have had 78% nurses. Respondents thought, that nursing group only partially (42%) should take independent operations. Only 50% nurses have conceded, that they have possibility to obtain the full information about health status of patients from doctors.CONCLUSIONS: Nursing independence in conduct of patients therapy in peritoneal dialysis isn't high. Systematic training and longest professional practice in dialysis station should help farthest development of nursing independence.
|
['Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Patient Care Team', 'Peritoneal Dialysis', 'Poland', 'Population Surveillance', 'Quality of Health Care']
| 19,580,194
|
[['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['N04.590.715'], ['E02.870.300.650', 'E02.912.800.650'], ['Z01.542.248.679'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675'], ['N04.761', 'N05.715']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[CT anatomy of the normal spleen: variants and pitfalls].
|
Normally, the spleen is located in the left hypochondrium. It is attached by the gastrosplenic and splenorenal ligaments. Its tissue composition made up of red pulp and white pulp explains the heterogenous aspect when contrast medium is injected in the arterial phase. This can make it difficult to detect intrasplenic masses. The adult spleen has no lobulations or incisures; however, the persistence of fissures separating the fetal spleen's lobules can indicate splenic lacerations in a trauma context. The ectopic spleen is a migration of the spleen from its normal anatomic location because its ligaments have not developed properly. The spleen can migrate anywhere in the abdomen or pelvis. The accessory spleen can be found in 10% of the population; it is usually located near the hilum of the main spleen or the pacreatic tail. It can be located in many other places and be confused with a mass. Polysplenia is a complex congenital syndrome associating visceral heterotaxis and concomitant bilateral left-sidedness. The spleen is divided into several splenules of the same size. Splenosis is defined by the implantation of splenic tissues in the peritoneum following traumatic rupture of the spleen.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Choristoma', 'Contrast Media', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Ligaments', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radiographic Image Enhancement', 'Spleen', 'Splenic Diseases', 'Splenic Rupture', 'Splenosis', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 17,464,253
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.300.250'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.513', 'A10.165.669'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.600.350.700', 'E01.370.350.700.700', 'L01.224.308.380.600'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['C15.604.744'], ['C15.604.744.742', 'C26.017.680', 'C26.761.555'], ['C15.604.744.742.500', 'C26.017.680.500', 'C26.761.555.500'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Lipoinjection as a treatment of pacemaker pocket neuralgia.
|
Chronic severe pacemaker pocket neuralgia secondary to inadequate subcutaneous tissue between the pacemaker and overlying skin typically is treated by surgical pocket revision or relocation of the system. A case of this complication successfully treated by lipoinjection is reported. Additional experience is needed to confirm the usefulness of the technique as a means of providing symptomatic relief without the risks associated with more invasive procedures.
|
['Adipose Tissue', 'Aged', 'Defibrillators, Implantable', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Injections', 'Lipectomy', 'Neuralgia', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prosthesis Implantation', 'Transplantation, Autologous']
| 9,558,698
|
[['A10.165.114'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E07.305.250.159.175', 'E07.305.250.319.175', 'E07.695.202.175'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530'], ['E02.218.530', 'E02.650.500.062.937', 'E04.062.937', 'E04.680.450'], ['C10.668.829.600', 'C23.888.592.612.664'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E04.650'], ['E04.936.664']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The vagueness of "tradition" and the pain and suffering of children.
|
The argument presented by Jeffrey Bishop that "tradition" justifies female circumcision is grounded on the assumption that reason is always situated within traditions and that traditions are the foundational source of values. I argue that the concept of tradition is inherently vague and, as such, cannot support the weight of the argument that makes it the final arbiter of moral values. The concept especially does not justify intense pain and suffering inflicted on children.
|
['Anthropology, Cultural', 'Circumcision, Female', 'Cultural Characteristics', 'Ethics, Medical', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Pain']
| 18,662,952
|
[['I01.076.201'], ['E02.218.085.165', 'E04.085.165', 'E04.950.300.200', 'I01.076.201.450.199'], ['I01.076.201.450.324', 'I01.880.853.100.329'], ['K01.752.566.479.171.132.750', 'N05.350.340.162.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Allosteric activation of latent p53 tetramers.
|
BACKGROUND: The DNA-binding activity of p53 is essential to its function as a tumour suppressor. Point mutations that abolish this activity have been found to occur frequently in the p53 genes of human cancer cells. Wild-type p53 protein assembles into oligomers with latent DNA-binding activity that can be activated in vitro by phosphorylation of a carboxy-terminal regulatory region, catalyzed by protein kinase C or casein kinase II. We have investigated the mechanism underlying this post-translational regulation of p53. Specifically, we have asked the following questions. First, whether the carboxy-terminal regulatory site contributes to p53's ability to form tetramers. Second, whether the latent DNA-binding activity of p53 can be activated in vivo. And third, whether the activation of p53 is reversible.RESULTS: Biophysical molecular-sizing analysis shows that both latent and activated forms of p53 are tetramers. Using a novel method, we have further established that p53 remains tetrameric when bound to DNA. We have also found that p53 can indeed be activated in vivo: p53 prepared from cells can be separated into activated and latent forms. Finally, we generated a monoclonal antibody specific for the casein kinase II target site in the carboxy-terminal regulatory region of p53, and used it to demonstrate the allosteric inhibition of in vitro and in vivo activated forms of p53.CONCLUSIONS: p53 protein assembles naturally as a tetramer that can be converted between latent and activated forms by a concerted, allosteric transition. The highly purified, reconstituted system that we have developed, in which the DNA-binding activity of p53 can be reversibly regulated, should facilitate the discovery of agents that can modulate the DNA-binding activity of p53--particularly those that can activate mutant p53 proteins and that may have potential in the design of anti-cancer drugs.
|
['Allosteric Regulation', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Cell Line', 'DNA', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phosphorylation', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53']
| 7,850,419
|
[['G02.111.044'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D13.444.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A missense mutation encoding cys(67) --> gly in neurophysin ii is associated with early onset autosomal dominant neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus.
|
Autosomal dominant neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus (ADNDI) is an inherited disorder in which progressive degeneration of magnocellular neurons of the hypothalamus impairs production of arginine vasopressin (AVP). ADNDI is caused by mutations in the arginine vasopressin-neurophysin II (AVP-NPII) gene. These mutations are hypothesized to trigger neurodegeneration via disruption of preproAVP-NPII processing. Affected individuals usually develop diabetes insipidus between 1 and 6 years of age. Here we report a novel mutation of the AVP-NPII gene in a family with unusually early presentation of ADNDI. The index case developed symptoms of diabetes insipidus at 1 month of age, her mother at 9 months of age, and the maternal grandfather in early childhood. Each was found to be heterozygous for the missense mutation 1665T > G encoding the amino acid substitution C67G within NPII. This mutation helps to define two homologous regions of the AVP-NPII precursor bounded by disulfide bridges between C13 and C27 and between C61 and C73 that have structural homology and contain the majority of amino acid substitutions associated with ADNDI. The early onset of symptomatic diabetes insipidus in this family suggests that the C67G substitution may be particularly deleterious to magnocellular neurons and may provide a valuable model for study of dominantly inherited neurodegeneration.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cysteine', 'DNA Restriction Enzymes', 'Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic', 'Disulfides', 'Exons', 'Family Health', 'Female', 'Genes, Dominant', 'Glycine', 'Humans', 'Hypothalamus', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Models, Genetic', 'Mutation', 'Mutation, Missense', 'Neurophysins', 'Pedigree', 'Pituitary Gland', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA']
| 11,161,827
|
[['D12.125'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D02.886.030.230', 'D02.886.489.155', 'D12.125.154.299', 'D12.125.166.230'], ['D08.811.150.280', 'D08.811.277.352.335.350.300', 'D08.811.277.352.355.325.300'], ['C12.777.419.135.750', 'C13.351.968.419.135.750', 'C19.700.159.750'], ['D01.248.497.158.874.390', 'D01.875.350.850.150', 'D02.886.520.150'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['N01.400.300'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.240', 'G05.420.320'], ['D12.125.481'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A08.186.211.180.497', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.365.590.650'], ['D12.644.400.525', 'D12.776.157.597', 'D12.776.631.650.525'], ['E05.393.673'], ['A06.300.747', 'A06.688.357.750', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.500', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.500', 'A08.713.357.750'], ['E05.393.760.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Pathways of youth gambling problem severity.
|
Prospective studies are needed to advance knowledge of the developmental features of gambling involvement and associated problems. Developmental pathways of youth gambling problem severity (no problem gambling, at-risk gambling, and problem gambling) are described on the basis of a 3-wave data set that spans midadolescence to young adulthood (N=305). The most prevalent group was the resistors (no problem gambling at all data points); 60% of study participants were in this group. New incidence cases (no problem gambling followed by at-risk or problem gambling) and desistors (at-risk or problem gambling followed by no problem gambling) were found among 21% and 13% of participants, respectively. Only 4% of cases were persistors, that is, at-risk or problem gambling at all 3 data waves. Findings are discussed in light of extant research on adolescent gambling that heretofore has not benefited from a developmental pathway perspective.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Behavior, Addictive', 'Female', 'Gambling', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Minnesota', 'Risk Factors']
| 15,783,285
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.527.100.120'], ['F01.145.722.408', 'F03.250.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.510', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.510'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Teleaudiometry as a screening method in school children.
|
OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and feasibility of teleaudiometry with that of sweep audiometry in elementary school children, using pure-tone audiometry as the gold standard.METHODS: A total of 243 students with a mean age of 8.3 years participated in the study. Of these, 118 were boys, and 125 were girls. The following procedures were performed: teleaudiometry screening with software that evaluates hearing at frequencies of 1,000, 2000 and 4000 Hz at 25 dBHL; sweep audiometry screening in an acoustic booth (20 dBHL at the same frequencies); pure-tone audiometry thresholds in an acoustic booth (frequencies of 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz); and acoustic immittance measurements.RESULTS: The diagnostic capacities of the teleaudiometry/sweep audiometry screening methods were as follows: sensitivity ? 58%/65%; specificity ? 86%/99%; positive predictive value ? 51%/91%; negative predictive value ? 89%/92%; and accuracy ? 81%/92%. Teleaudiometry and sweep audiometry showed moderate agreement. Furthermore, the use of these methods in series with immittance testing improved the specificity, whereas parallel testing improved the sensitivity.CONCLUSION: Teleaudiometry was found to be reliable and feasible for screening hearing in school children. Moreover, teleaudiometry is the preferred method for remote areas where specialized personnel and specific equipment are not available, and its use may reduce the costs of hearing screening programs.
|
['Adolescent', 'Audiometry', 'Audiometry, Pure-Tone', 'Auditory Threshold', 'Child', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Female', 'Hearing Loss', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mass Screening', 'Reference Values', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Software', 'Telemedicine']
| 26,017,796
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E01.370.382.375.060'], ['E01.370.382.375.060.055'], ['F02.463.593.071.173', 'F02.463.593.710.190', 'G07.888.125.173'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['C09.218.458.341', 'C10.597.751.418.341', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['L01.224.900'], ['H02.403.840', 'L01.178.847.652', 'N04.590.374.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Radioiodine associated de novo Graves' opthalmopathy in an Asian cohort.
|
Radioactive iodine in the treatment of Graves' disease has been associated with the development of de novo Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). In this report, we describe five individuals who required extensive ophthalmic treatment for post-RAI de novo GO.
|
['Adult', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Graves Disease', 'Graves Ophthalmopathy', 'Humans', 'Iodine Radioisotopes', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radiation Injuries', 'Radiopharmaceuticals', 'Singapore', 'Young Adult']
| 29,177,260
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.171'], ['C11.675.349.500', 'C19.874.283.605', 'C19.874.397.370', 'C20.111.555'], ['C11.270.240', 'C11.675.349.500.500', 'C16.320.347', 'C19.874.283.605.500', 'C19.874.397.370.500', 'C20.111.555.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.380.400.500.496', 'D01.496.448.496', 'D01.496.749.474'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C26.733', 'G01.750.748.500', 'N06.850.460.350.850.500', 'N06.850.810.300.360'], ['D27.505.259.843', 'D27.505.519.871', 'D27.720.470.410.650'], ['Z01.252.145.774'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Apparent heterogeneity between leukemic lymphocyte cell lines.
|
31P-NMR and polarographic techniques were used to investigate glycolytic versus aerobic oxidative activity in normal and leukemic lymphocytes, and to investigate possible heterogeneity in these parameters between two leukemic cell lines. Molt 3 cells showed a 10-fold higher rate of glutamine-dependent respiration than Molt 4 cells, and an increased level of glutamine-uptake. Molt 3 demonstrated a high intracellular buffering capacity, manifested by constant pHi after addition of glucose, while the same treatment applied to Molt 4 cells induced a change in internal pH of up to 1.23 pH units. This data raises the possibility of heterogeneity of leukemic lymphocytes within the patient from whom the isolation was conducted, or of gross metabolic adaptation by the cell lines in culture.
|
['Biological Transport, Active', 'Glutamine', 'Glycolysis', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Kinetics', 'Leukemia', 'Lymphocytes', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Polarography', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 1,288,099
|
[['G03.143.310'], ['D12.125.068.330', 'D12.125.095.461', 'D12.125.154.424'], ['G02.111.158.750', 'G03.191.750', 'G03.295.436', 'G03.493.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['C04.557.337'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['G03.680'], ['E05.196.749', 'E05.301.700'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Deaminase-independent inhibition of HIV-1 reverse transcription by APOBEC3G.
|
APOBEC3G (A3G), a host protein that inhibits HIV-1 reverse transcription and replication in the absence of Vif, displays cytidine deaminase and single-stranded (ss) nucleic acid binding activities. HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein (NC) also binds nucleic acids and has a unique property, nucleic acid chaperone activity, which is crucial for efficient reverse transcription. Here we report the interplay between A3G, NC and reverse transcriptase (RT) and the effect of highly purified A3G on individual reactions that occur during reverse transcription. We find that A3G did not affect the kinetics of NC-mediated annealing reactions, nor did it inhibit RNase H cleavage. In sharp contrast, A3G significantly inhibited all RT-catalyzed DNA elongation reactions with or without NC. In the case of (-) strong-stop DNA synthesis, the inhibition was independent of A3G's catalytic activity. Fluorescence anisotropy and single molecule DNA stretching analyses indicated that NC has a higher nucleic acid binding affinity than A3G, but more importantly, displays faster association/disassociation kinetics. RT binds to ssDNA with a much lower affinity than either NC or A3G. These data support a novel mechanism for deaminase-independent inhibition of reverse transcription that is determined by critical differences in the nucleic acid binding properties of A3G, NC and RT.
|
['APOBEC-3G Deaminase', 'Base Sequence', 'Cytidine Deaminase', 'DNA, Single-Stranded', 'DNA, Viral', 'Fluorescence Polarization', 'HIV Reverse Transcriptase', 'HIV-1', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Optical Tweezers', 'RNA', 'Reverse Transcription', 'gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus']
| 17,942,420
|
[['D08.811.277.151.486.250.500.750'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D08.811.277.151.486.250'], ['D13.444.308.497', 'G02.111.570.820.486.437', 'G05.360.580.437'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.390'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300.750.187', 'D12.776.964.775.375.545.875', 'D12.776.964.775.375.750.187', 'D12.776.964.775.562.764.875', 'D12.776.964.900.750.500.545.875', 'D12.776.964.900.750.500.750.187', 'D12.776.964.970.600.850.375.545.875', 'D12.776.964.970.600.850.375.750.187'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.650'], ['D13.444.735'], ['G02.111.873.500', 'G05.297.700.500'], ['D12.776.775.330.650', 'D12.776.964.775.350.362', 'D12.776.964.775.562.750', 'D12.776.964.970.600.850.350.362']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparison of audio vs. audio + video for the rating of shared decision making in oncology using the observer OPTION5
|
BACKGROUND: How non-verbal data may influence observer-administered ratings of shared decision making is unknown. Our objective for this exploratory analysis was to determine the effect of mode of data collection (audio+video vs. audio only) on the scoring of the OPTION5 instrument, an observer rated measure of shared decision making.METHODS: We analyzed recordings of 15 encounters between cancer patients and clinicians in which a clinical decision was made. Audio+video or audio only recordings of the encounters were randomly assigned to four trained raters, who reviewed them independently. We compared the adjusted mean scores of audio+video and audio only.RESULTS: Forty-one unique decisions were identified within the 15 encounters. The mean OPTION5 score for audio+video was 17.5 (95% CI 13.5, 21.6) and for audio only was 21.8 (95% CI 17.2, 26.4) with a mean difference of 4.28 (95% CI = 0.36, 8.21; p = 0.032).CONCLUSION: A rigorous and well established measure of shared decision making performs differently when the data source is audio only. Data source may influence rating of observer administered measures of shared decision making. This potential bias needs to be confirmed as video recording to examine communication behaviors becomes more common.
|
['Communication', 'Decision Making', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms', 'Patient Participation', 'Physician-Patient Relations', 'Tape Recording', 'Video Recording']
| 29,973,207
|
[['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['F02.463.785.373'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.620', 'F01.145.488.887.500.620', 'N02.421.143.212.300', 'N03.540.245.360.300', 'N05.300.150.800.500.620'], ['F01.829.401.650.675', 'N05.300.660.625'], ['J01.897.280.500.846', 'L01.178.820.090.846', 'L01.280.940'], ['L01.280.960']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor promotes differentiation of striatal GABAergic neurons.
|
The influence of neurotrophins on GABAergic properties of developing striatal neurons was investigated both in vivo and in vitro. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) specifically elevated cellular GABA content in striatal culture without altering neuronal survival. Neurotrophin-5 produced a similar effect on GABA, but nerve growth factor and neurotrophin-3 had no effect. An increase in GABA content in the striatum was also observed following BDNF injections into the cerebroventricle of neonatal rats. The increase of GABA levels in culture mainly resulted from an increase in holoenzyme activity of the GABA synthetic enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and elevation of GABA uptake activity. In BDNF-treated striatal cultures, the newly differentiated neurons extended elaborate neurites and exhibited strong GAD immunoreactivity. These alterations were presumably caused by the upregulation of mRNA encoding GAD67 and the neuronal GABA transporter GAT-1. BDNF treatment also promoted other phenotypic differentiation of striatal neurons: BDNF increased the frequency of parvalbumin-immunoreactive neurons and calbindin-immunoreactive neurons and neuropeptide content for neuropeptide Y and somatostatin. These observations suggest that neurotrophins may contribute to phenotypic differentiation of GABAergic neurons in the developing striatum.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Corpus Striatum', 'Glutamate Decarboxylase', 'Nerve Growth Factors', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Neurons', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'gamma-Aminobutyric Acid']
| 8,088,442
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['D12.644.276.860.100', 'D12.776.467.860.100', 'D12.776.631.600.100', 'D23.529.850.100'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487'], ['D08.811.520.224.125.250'], ['D12.644.276.860', 'D12.776.467.860', 'D12.776.631.600', 'D23.529.850'], ['D12.776.631'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350', 'D12.125.190.350']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
IL-8 and IP-10 expression from human bronchial epithelial cells BEAS-2B are promoted by Streptococcus pneumoniae endopeptidase O (PepO).
|
BACKGROUND: The bronchial epithelium serves as the first defendant line of host against respiratory inhaled pathogens, mainly through releasing chemokines (e.g. interleukin-8 (IL-8), interferon-induced protein 10 (IP-10) etc.) responsible for neutrophil or lymphocyte recruitment to promote the clearance of inhaled pathogens including Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae). Previous studies have shown that IL-8 expression is induced by pneumococcal virulence factors (e.g. pneumolysin, peptidoglycan-polysaccharides, pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) etc.), which contributes to the pathogenesis of pneumonia. Whether other pneumococcal virulence factors are involved in inducing chemokines expression in epithelium is still unknown.RESULTS: We studied the effect of PepO, a widely expressed and newly discovered pneumococcal virulence protein, on the release of proinflammatory cytokines, IL-8 and IP-10, from human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B and identified the relevant signaling pathways. Incubation of BEAS-2B with PepO resulted in increased synthesis and release of IL-8 and IP-10 in a dose and time independent manner. We also detected the increased and sustained expression of TLR2 and TLR4 transcripts in BEAS-2B stimulated by PepO. PepO activation leaded to the phosphorylation of MAPKs, Akt and p65. Pharmacologic inhibitors of MAPKs, PI3K and IêB-á phosphorylation attenuated IL-8 release, while IP-10 production was just suppressed by inhibitors of IêB-á phosphorylation, PI3K and P38 MAPK.CONCLUSION: These results suggest that PepO enhances IL-8 and IP-10 production in BEAS-2B in a MAPKs-PI3K/Akt-p65 dependent manner, which may play critical roles in the pathogenesis of pneumonia.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Bronchi', 'Cell Line', 'Chemokine CXCL10', 'Cytokines', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-8', 'Metalloendopeptidases', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases', 'NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha', 'Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases', 'Phosphorylation', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Signal Transduction', 'Streptococcus pneumoniae', 'Time Factors', 'Toll-Like Receptor 2', 'Toll-Like Receptor 4', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Virulence Factors', 'eIF-2 Kinase', 'p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases']
| 28,836,948
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['A04.411.125'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.120.500', 'D12.776.467.374.200.120.500', 'D23.125.300.120.500', 'D23.469.200.120.500', 'D23.529.374.200.120.500'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['A11.436'], ['G05.308.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.120.800', 'D12.644.276.374.465.312', 'D12.776.467.374.200.120.800', 'D12.776.467.374.465.246', 'D23.125.300.120.800', 'D23.469.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.465.312'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.565', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.200', 'D12.644.360.440', 'D12.776.476.440'], ['D12.644.360.365.500', 'D12.776.260.420.500', 'D12.776.476.381.500', 'D12.776.930.326.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.500'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D12.776.828'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.550', 'B03.510.400.800.872.550', 'B03.510.550.737.872.550'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.910.500.200'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.910.500.400'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['D23.946.896'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.300', 'D12.644.360.275', 'D12.776.476.275'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.843', 'D12.644.360.450.835', 'D12.776.476.450.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Construction and expression of DNA vaccine pIRES-Sj97-Sj14-Sj26 and its immunogenicity in mice.
|
To find a new preventive strategy for the infection of Schistosoma japonica, plasmid pIRES-Sj97-Sj14-Sj26 that contains fatty binding protein (Sj14), GST (Sj26) and paramyocin (Sj97) that are expressed on the membrane, was constructed. RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of Sj14 mRNA, Sj26 mRNA and Sj97 mRNA in the Hela cells, the indirect immunofluorescent test was employed for the detection of the expression of trans-membrane Sj26 after the plasmid was transfected into Hela cells. Fifty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 5 groups and pIRES-Sj97-Sj14-Sj26 plasmid DNA, pIRES-Sj14-Sj26 plasmid DNA, pIRES-Sj26 plasmid DNA, pIRES blank vector and normal saline were respectively injected into the quadriceps muscles of thigh. Eight weeks after the immunization the mice were killed and significantly higher level of IgG was detected in the pIRES-Sj97-Sj14-Sj26 group as compared with the pIRES blank vector, normal saline and pIRES-Sj26 groups (P<0.01) and the pIRES-Sj14-Sj26(P<0.05). Single splenocyte suspension was prepared to detected the level of IFN-gamma by ELISA and the lymphocyte stimulating index (SI) by MTT. SI was significantly higher of in the pIRES-Sj97-Sj14-Sj26 group than in other groups (P<0.01), while the IFN-gamma level was significantly higher the pIRES-Sj97-Sj14-Sj26 group than in pIRES blank vector and normal saline groups (P<0.01), but no significant differences were found when compared with pIRES-Sj14-Sj26 and pIRES-Sj26 groups. Flow cytometery showed that the percent-ages of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were much higher in the pIRES-Sj97-Sj14-Sj26 group (P< 0.01, P<0.05). It was concluded that pIRES-Sj97-Sj14-Sj26 vaccine may induce stronger immune response in BALB/c mice.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, Helminth', 'HeLa Cells', 'Helminth Proteins', 'Humans', 'Immunization', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Schistosoma japonicum', 'Schistosomiasis japonica', 'Vaccines, DNA']
| 18,231,727
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050.223'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['D12.776.419'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.465.425.400', 'E05.478.550', 'N02.421.726.758.310', 'N06.850.780.200.425', 'N06.850.780.680.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.500.500.736.715.770.680.570'], ['C01.610.335.865.859.521', 'C01.920.922.521'], ['D12.776.828.868.910', 'D20.215.894.865.910', 'D23.050.865.910']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Status of Oral Health Training in U.S. Primary Care Programs: A Qualitative Study to Define Characteristics and Outcomes.
|
With increasing recognition of the important relationship between oral and systemic health, non-dental health professions schools and programs are now teaching their students about oral health in various ways. This study built on surveys of medical schools, primary care residency and fellowship programs, and other health professions programs conducted by the authors in 2017, which found some had made significant progress in integrating oral health into primary care training, while others lagged behind. The aim of the current study was to better understand the characteristics and climate of oral health education in non-dental health professions schools by conducting interviews with leaders of programs who had self-identified in the surveys as having a robust oral health curriculum. Hour-long interviews were conducted between October 2017 and March 2018 with 31 program directors or deans of medical specialty and allied health professions programs using a semi-structured interview guide. These interviewees were from 13 health disciplines. The coding of interview transcripts identified seven major themes: motivations to develop an oral health curriculum; rationale for curriculum topics covered; best aspects of the curriculum; evaluation and assessment strategies; relationships with dental providers and residents and dental hygienists; barriers and challenges; and advice and lessons learned. The interviewees reported a strong belief that oral health is an important health topic. Key elements that interviewees identified as helping them build robust oral health programs in their primary care curricula were the following: having an oral health champion; having some funding; building relationships with dental professionals; using local, state, and national resources; using curricular materials from existing sources; incorporating skills-based sessions; taking an IPE approach; and making oral health part of what the program already does. These findings should be useful for primary care schools and programs that are beginning to add oral health to their curricula and those seeking to improve their existing oral health education for their students.
|
['Adult', 'Curriculum', 'Dental Hygienists', 'Education, Dental', 'Health Occupations', 'Humans', 'Internship and Residency', 'Middle Aged', 'Oral Health', 'Primary Health Care', 'Program Development', 'Program Evaluation', 'Qualitative Research', 'Schools, Dental', 'Schools, Medical', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'United States', 'Young Adult']
| 31,371,427
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['I02.158'], ['M01.526.485.067.105.376', 'N02.360.067.105.376'], ['I02.358.274'], ['H02'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I02.358.337.350.500', 'I02.358.399.350.750'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N01.400.535'], ['N04.590.233.727'], ['N04.452.760'], ['E05.337.820', 'N04.761.685', 'N05.715.360.650'], ['H01.770.644.241.850'], ['I02.783.495.481'], ['I02.783.495.552', 'N02.278.020.578'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Analysis of chemokines and receptors expression profile in the myelin mutant taiep rat.
|
Taiep rat has a failure in myelination and remyelination processes leading to a state of hypomyelination throughout its life. Chemokines, which are known to play a role in inflammation, are also involved in the remyelination process. We aimed to demonstrate that remyelination-stimulating factors are altered in the brainstem of 1- and 6-month-old taiep rats. We used a Rat RT(2) Profiler PCR Array to assess mRNA expression of 84 genes coding for cytokines, chemokines, and their receptors. We also evaluated protein levels of CCL2, CCR1, CCR2, CCL5, CCR5, CCR8, CXCL1, CXCR2, CXCR4, FGF2, and VEGFA by ELISA. Sprague-Dawley rats were used as a control. PCR Array procedure showed that proinflammatory cytokines were not upregulated in the taiep rat. In contrast, some mRNA levels of beta and alpha chemokines were upregulated in 1-month-old rats, but CXCR4 was downregulated at their 6 months of age. ELISA results showed that CXCL1, CCL2, CCR2, CCR5, CCR8, and CXCR4 protein levels were decreased in brainstem at the age of 6 months. These results suggest the presence of a chronic neuroinflammation process with deficiency of remyelination-stimulating factors (CXCL1, CXCR2, and CXCR4), which might account for the demyelination in the taiep rat.
|
['Animals', 'Chemokines', 'Down-Regulation', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Myelin Sheath', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Rats, Transgenic', 'Receptors, Chemokine', 'Transcriptome', 'Up-Regulation']
| 25,883,747
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.644.276.374.200', 'D12.776.467.374.200', 'D23.125.300', 'D23.469.200', 'D23.529.374.200'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['A08.637.600.500', 'A08.637.800.500', 'A08.675.542.512.560', 'A08.800.800.690.500', 'A10.755.503', 'A11.284.149.165.600', 'A11.650.600.500', 'A11.650.800.500', 'A11.671.501.512.560', 'A11.671.514.553'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['B01.050.050.136.700', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.825'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.160', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.125'], ['G02.111.873.750', 'G05.297.700.750', 'G05.360.920'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Acetabular labral tears with underlying chondromalacia: a possible association with high-level running.
|
PURPOSE: The use of hip arthroscopy has helped delineate intra-articular pathology and has enabled clinicians to further elucidate the factors responsible for injuries, such as running. The subtle development of degenerative changes may be a result of repetitive impact loading associated with this sport. This study presents a population of runners with common pathologic acetabular changes.TYPE OF STUDY: Case series.METHODS: Eight high-level runners with an average age of 36 years (range, 19 to 45 years) were seen for complaints of increasing hip pain with running without any history of macrotrauma. All of the patients had either run several marathons (4), were triathletes (1), Olympic middle distance runners (1), or had run more than 10 miles per week for longer than 5 years (2). Plain radiographic analysis revealed no degenerative changes and an average center-edge (CE) angle of 36.7 degrees (range, 28 degrees to 44 degrees).RESULTS: All patients underwent hip arthroscopy with labral debridement. In 6 patients (75%), a chondral injury of the acetabular cartilage underlying the labral tear was noted. In addition, 3 patients had ligamentum teres disruptions.CONCLUSIONS: It is possible that the development of these tears is the result of subtle instability, which may be exacerbated by running, eventually leading to labral tearing and possible ligamentum teres disruption. While perhaps concurrently, subtle acetabular dysplasia may play a role. Although this study does not confirm an association between running and the development of labral tears or chondral lesions in the hip, it certainly questions whether there is an injury pattern common to this population, a "runner's hip."LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV.
|
['Acetabulum', 'Adult', 'Arthroscopy', 'Athletic Injuries', 'Cartilage Diseases', 'Female', 'Hip Injuries', 'Humans', 'Ligaments, Articular', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Running']
| 15,891,725
|
[['A02.835.232.043.825.108'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.388.250.070', 'E04.502.250.070', 'E04.555.113'], ['C26.115'], ['C05.182', 'C17.300.182'], ['C26.531'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.513.514', 'A02.835.583.512', 'A10.165.669.514'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G11.427.410.568.610', 'G11.427.410.698.277.750', 'I03.350.750', 'I03.450.642.845.610']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Predicting Progression in Parkinson's Disease Using Baseline and 1-Year Change Measures.
|
BACKGROUND: Improved prediction of Parkinson's disease (PD) progression is needed to support clinical decision-making and to accelerate research trials.OBJECTIVES: To examine whether baseline measures and their 1-year change predict longer-term progression in early PD.METHODS: Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative study data were used. Participants had disease duration ?2 years, abnormal dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging, and were untreated with PD medications. Baseline and 1-year change in clinical, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and imaging measures were evaluated as candidate predictors of longer-term (up to 5 years) change in Movement Disorders Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) score and DAT specific binding ratios (SBR) using linear mixed-effects models.RESULTS: Among 413 PD participants, median follow-up was 5 years. Change in MDS-UPDRS from year-2 to last follow-up was associated with disease duration (â= 0.351; 95% CI = 0.146, 0.555), male gender (â= 3.090; 95% CI = 0.310, 5.869), and baseline (â= -0.199; 95% CI = -0.315, -0.082) and 1-year change (â= 0.540; 95% CI = 0.423, 0.658) in MDS-UPDRS; predictors in the model accounted for 17.6% of the variance in outcome. Predictors of percent change in mean SBR from year-2 to last follow-up included baseline rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder score (â= -0.6229; 95% CI = -1.2910, 0.0452), baseline (â= 7.232; 95% CI = 2.268, 12.195) and 1-year change (â= 45.918; 95% CI = 35.994,55.843) in mean striatum SBR, and 1-year change in autonomic symptom score (â= -0.325;95% CI = -0.695, 0.045); predictors in the model accounted for 44.1% of the variance.CONCLUSIONS: Baseline clinical, CSF, and imaging measures in early PD predicted change in MDS-UPDRS and dopamine-transporter binding, but the predictive value of the models was low. Adding the short-term change of possible predictors improved the predictive value, especially for modeling change in dopamine-transporter binding.
|
['Aged', 'Biomarkers', 'Brain', 'Disease Progression', 'Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Parkinson Disease', 'Prospective Studies', 'Severity of Illness Index']
| 31,450,510
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.101'], ['A08.186.211'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.625.124', 'D12.776.157.530.562.374.500.500', 'D12.776.157.530.937.500', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625.124', 'D12.776.543.585.562.374.500.500', 'D12.776.543.585.937.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.228.140.079.862.500', 'C10.228.662.600.400', 'C10.574.928.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
New objective measurement to characterize the porosity of textile implants.
|
The inflammatory and fibrotic intensity of a foreign body reaction largely depends on the porosity of the implanted material. Furthermore, the size of the pore and its geometry define the capability to allow tissue ingrowth. We present an image analysis system, which allows objectifying in two dimensions the pores' structure and geometry of textile fabrics, that are used to reinforce the abdominal wall or pelvic floor. The porosity of the textile is measured at four samples with differences in structure. The porosity decreases markedly if foreign body response is considered, leading to the definition of an "effective porosity". Because of the high stiffness of the polymer fibers the elasticity of textile implants usually result from a deformation of the pores, leading to a marked reduction of the effective porosity if a mechanical stress is applied. Further in vivo studies have to investigate, whether the preservation of a high effective porosity under stress may help to improve biocompatibility of textile implants.
|
['Algorithms', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Materials Testing', 'Porosity', 'Prostheses and Implants', 'Reference Standards', 'Software', 'Textiles', 'Tissue Scaffolds']
| 17,497,684
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E05.570'], ['G01.374.710'], ['E07.695'], ['E05.978.808'], ['L01.224.900'], ['J01.637.836'], ['E07.206.627', 'E07.695.825']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Redesign of the coenzyme specificity of a dehydrogenase by protein engineering.
|
Directed mutagenesis and molecular modelling have been used to identify a set of amino-acid side chains in glutathione reductase that confer specificity for the coenzyme NADP+. Systematic replacement of these amino acids, all of which occur in a 'fingerprint' structural motif in the NADP+-binding domain, leaves the substrate specificity unchanged but converts the enzyme into one displaying a marked preference for the coenzyme NAD+.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'Computer Graphics', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Glutathione Reductase', 'Humans', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'NAD', 'NADP', 'Protein Engineering', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Substrate Specificity']
| 2,296,288
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['L01.224.108', 'L01.296.110'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['D08.811.682.667.092'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.595'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.694', 'D08.211.589', 'D13.695.667.138.694', 'D13.695.827.068.694'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.749', 'D08.211.625', 'D13.695.667.138.749', 'D13.695.827.068.749'], ['E05.393.420.601'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['G02.111.835']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A mutation in human CMP-sialic acid hydroxylase occurred after the Homo-Pan divergence.
|
Sialic acids are important cell-surface molecules of animals in the deuterostome lineage. Although humans do not express easily detectable amounts of N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc, a hydroxylated form of the common sialic acid N-acetylneuraminic acid, Neu5Ac), it is a major component in great ape tissues, except in the brain. This difference correlates with lack of the hydroxylase activity that converts CMP-Neu5Ac to CMP-Neu5Gc. Here we report cloning of human and chimpanzee hydroxylase cDNAs. Although this chimpanzee cDNA is similar to the murine homologue, the human cDNA contains a 92-bp deletion resulting in a frameshift mutation. The isolated human gene also shows evidence for this deletion. Genomic PCR analysis indicates that this deletion does not occur in any of the African great apes. The gene is localized to 6p22-p23 in both humans and great apes, which does not correspond to known chromosomal rearrangements that occurred during hominoid evolution. Thus, the lineage leading to modern humans suffered a mutation sometime after the common ancestor with the chimpanzee and bonobo, potentially affecting recognition by a variety of endogenous and exogenous sialic acid-binding lectins. Also, the expression of Neu5Gc previously reported in human fetuses and tumors as well as the traces detected in some normal adult humans must be mediated by an alternate pathway.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA Primers', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Hominidae', 'Humans', 'In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence', 'Mice', 'Mixed Function Oxygenases', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'Pan troglodytes', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid']
| 9,751,737
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325.350', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325.350', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325.350', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325.350', 'E05.393.285.350', 'E05.393.661.475.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D08.811.682.690.708'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.620'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Experimental study on laryngeal cartilage defects repair with differently preserved allogeneic cartilages transplantation].
|
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of laryngeal cartilage defect repair with differently preserved allogeneic cartilage grafts.METHODS: 16 New Zealand white rabbits were used and divided into two groups. A 6 mm x 3 mm x 1 mm whole thickness cartilage defect was made in each side of the thyroid cartilage of each rabbit. In group one, the tissue-cultured cartilage grafts, preserved in RPMI-1640 medium for 30 days, were implanted in the left defects and the 4% formaldehyde preserved cartilage grafts for 30 days were implanted in the right defects. Fresh autogenous and allogeneic grafts were seprately transplanted into the right and left thyroid cartilage defects of the other group. Thyroid cartilages were taken out at 7, 30, 180 and 360 days after implantation. Samples were observed by macroscopy and prepared for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemical examination.RESULTS: No marked changes in form and volume were found in the fresh allografts and RPMI-1640 cultured cartilage grafts. The same as the autogenous cartilages, the defects of thyroid cartilage were successfully repaired by the fresh allografts and RPMI-1640 cultured cartilages. Whereas 4% formaldehyde preserved cartilage grafts were completely absorbed and replaced by cicatricial tissues in the thyroid cartilage defects. Histological observation showed that severe inflammatory cellular infiltration in the formaldehyde preserved cartilages at 7 and 30 days. The cartilage matrixes were resorpted and the chondrocytes showed degenerative change. Finally they were replaced by fibrous connective tissue at 360 days. In the RPMI-1640 cultured and fresh allogeneic cartilages only a little inflammatory cellular infiltration was observed and the cartilage matrixes were almost normal from 7 to 360 days.CONCLUSION: It is clinically feasible to use allogeneic grafts stored in RPMI-1640 medium or fresh allogeneic cartilage grafts for repairing laryngeal cartilage defects.
|
['Animals', 'Female', 'Male', 'Rabbits', 'Thyroid Cartilage', 'Tissue Preservation', 'Transplantation, Homologous']
| 12,768,720
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['A02.165.257.625.870', 'A02.165.407.500.870', 'A04.329.591.870'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760', 'E02.792.833', 'E05.200.500.620.760', 'E05.200.750.600.760', 'E05.760.833'], ['E04.936.864']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Growth, viability, adhesion potential, and fibronectin expression in fibroblasts cultured on zirconia or feldspatic ceramics in vitro.
|
Zirconia, a biomaterial widely used in dentistry, has recently attracted much attention for its mechanical strength and toughness. Previously, its lack of mutagenic and carcinogenic power was reported. We describe here other essential aspects to be taken into account to define in vitro the biocompatibility of a material: the growth rate, viability, and adhesion capacity of normal stabilized cells growing on it. To this aim, immortalized RAT-1 fibroblasts, growing either on zirconia and on feldspatic (FE) ceramics were compared. In particular, the level of expression and the intra- and extra-cellular organization of fibronectin, a glycoprotein involved in cellular adhesion and migration during tissue repair, was analyzed. Fibroblasts cultured on zirconia showed a higher growth rate, and underwent necrosis at lower levels than cells on FE ceramic, whereas either materials did not stimulate apoptosis. Adhesion capacity of fibroblasts was evaluated measuring adherent cell nucleic acids with the fluorimetric CyQuant assay, and it was found significantly higher in cells cultured on zirconia than on FE ceramic. This finding may be explained by the higher and more precocious expression of the adhesion protein fibronectin observed by indirect immunofluorescence in fibroblasts on zirconia. Overall, the results suggest that zirconia, exerting low cytotoxicity and strongly inducing adhesion capacity, increases cellular growth rate of fibroblasts. All these features suggest that zirconia could represent a more suitable biomaterial than FE ceramic for prosthesis in dentistry.
|
['Aluminum Silicates', 'Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Survival', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Ceramics', 'Fibroblasts', 'Fibronectins', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Polystyrenes', 'Potassium Compounds', 'Rats', 'Zirconium']
| 18,067,158
|
[['D01.056.050.075', 'D01.578.725.025', 'D01.650.550.050.075', 'D01.837.725.700.760.050'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['G04.022'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G04.346'], ['A11.251'], ['J01.637.153'], ['A11.329.228'], ['D12.776.377.715.390', 'D12.776.395.550.350', 'D12.776.543.550.350', 'D12.776.860.300.450'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.750.800.830', 'D05.750.716.579', 'D25.720.716.579', 'J01.637.051.720.716.579'], ['D01.745'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D01.268.556.950', 'D01.268.956.937', 'D01.552.544.950']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Is induction response negatively correlated with constitutive resistance in black mustard?
|
Black mustard, Brassica nigra, is highly variable in both constitutive resistance and induction response following damage by herbivores. A focal population from Ithaca, New York, was used to test the following two predictions of optimal defense theory: (1) that allocation to resistance will reduce plant performance in the absence of herbivores; and (2) that induction response will be negatively correlated with constitutive resistance. The experiment consisted of a half-sib mating design with 47 paternal families and four dams per sire, fully crossed with a damage treatment consisting of 25% leaf removal by the cabbage white butterfly, Pieris rapae, when plants had four leaves. Leaf trichome density, sinigrin concentration, and glucobrassicin concentration were 38%, 19%, and 16% higher, respectively, for the seventh leaf of damaged plants. Paternal families did not vary significantly in their induction response. Narrow-sense heritabilities were h(S)(2) = 0.51, 0.76, and 0.50 for constitutive leaf trichome density, sinigrin concentration, and glucobrassicin concentration, respectively. Positive genetic correlations were found between glucobrassicin concentration and days to first flower, suggesting a genetic cost of resistance. Induction responses were negatively correlated with constitutive allocation for leaf trichome density and sinigrin concentration. The results were therefore consistent with optimal defense theory, offering modest evidence for both predictions.
|
['Animals', 'Butterflies', 'Glucosinolates', 'Indoles', 'Mustard Plant', 'New York', 'Phenotype', 'Plant Leaves', 'Random Allocation']
| 12,487,350
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.937.200'], ['D02.886.740.703.350', 'D09.408.348.820.350', 'D09.408.903.703.350'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.200.500'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.437', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530'], ['G05.695'], ['A18.024.812'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Role socialization of graduating student nurses: impact of a nursing practicum on professional role conception.
|
This study examined graduating student nurse role conception changes that occurred during a concentrated clinical preceptorial. A Nursing Role Conceptions Questionnaire was administered to nursing students before (n = 44) and immediately after (n = 41) a 4-week Nursing Practicum; to the students' staff nurse clinical teaching associates (n = 34); and to nursing program faculty (n = 18). Respondent perceptions of ideal nursing behaviors and actual nursing behaviors within three major nursing roles (professional, service, and bureaucratic) were identified and differences between ideal and actual scores (role discrepancy) were calculated. Findings showed that student role orientation in selected areas changed from a faculty role orientation to a staff nurse role orientation over the 4-week period. The Practicum seemed to effectively facilitate role socialization of graduating student nurses into the work setting, easing the necessary transition from education to practice.
|
['Education, Nursing', 'Faculty, Nursing', 'Humans', 'Indiana', 'Nursing Education Research', 'Professional Practice', 'Role', 'Socialization', 'Students, Nursing', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 7,822,623
|
[['I02.358.462'], ['M01.526.485.390', 'M01.526.702.250.473', 'N02.360.390'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.360', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.360'], ['H01.770.644.145.390.413', 'H02.478.395.413', 'I02.358.462.612', 'N04.590.233.508.613.413'], ['N04.452.758'], ['F01.829.316.616'], ['I01.880.853.934'], ['M01.848.769.685'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Linoleate metabolism in multiple sclerosis.
|
(1) The levels of oleate and linoleate in the serum have been measured in 14 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and in 14 healthy subjects before, during and after a five day period when the normal diet was supplemented with linoleate. (2) In confirmation of earlier work the mean percentage of linoleate in the serum lipids of the MS patients was significantly lower (P < 0·01) than in the control subjects in the pre-supplementation period. The mean percentage of oleate showed an increase (P < 0·005) in the patients as compared with the controls while on their normal diets. (3) The period of linoleate feeding produced a considerable rise in the percentage of linoleate together with a fall in the percentage of oleate in both the controls and the MS patients. (4) When large amounts of linoleate, as present in sunflower seed oil, are ingested we have been unable to obtain evidence of a defect in absorption from the intestinal lumen.
|
['Adult', 'Chromatography, Gas', 'Diet', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intestinal Absorption', 'Linoleic Acids', 'Lipids', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multiple Sclerosis', 'Oleic Acids', 'Plants, Edible', 'Seeds']
| 5,551,691
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.196.181.349'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G03.015.500.374.500', 'G03.787.024.500.374.500', 'G07.203.650.372.500', 'G07.690.725.015.500.374.500', 'G10.261.353.500'], ['D10.251.355.310.515', 'D10.251.355.343.500'], ['D10'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.114.375.500', 'C10.314.350.500', 'C20.111.258.250.500'], ['D10.251.355.325.600'], ['B01.650.510'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Gene expression analysis of Gata3-/- mice by using cDNA microarray technology.
|
Transcription factor Gata3 is implicated in the formation of autosomal dominant hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness, and renal anomaly (HDR) syndrome. We pursued to identify the potential Gata3 target genes by profiling the gene expression pattern in E9.5 Gata3-/- mouse embryos. Altogether four independent microarray hybridizations were carried out on NIA Mouse15K cDNA arrays. We discovered two hundred and sixty one genes that are downregulated in Gata3 mutant embryos at E9.5 (with a minimal 2.0-fold change). The majority of the differentially expressed genes belong to two functional groups--genes involved in transcription regulation and cellular signaling. One of the genes discovered to be downregulated in Gata3 mutant embryos was tumor suppressor gene Disabled 2. The validity of this finding was checked by using the whole mount in situ hybridization technology. This study revealed that the sites, where Dab2 is downregulated in the mutant embryos partly overlap with the Gata3 expression domains, including the mid-embryo region, branchial arches and facio-acoustic (VII-VIII) neural crest complex. This is the first time when tumor supressor gene Dab2 is shown to be implicated in the defective phenotype of Gata3 mutant mice.
|
['Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing', 'Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport', 'Animals', 'Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins', 'Branchial Region', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'GATA3 Transcription Factor', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Hearing Loss, Sensorineural', 'Hypoparathyroidism', 'Kidney Diseases', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Neural Crest', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'Trans-Activators']
| 15,769,480
|
[['D12.644.360.024', 'D12.776.157.057', 'D12.776.476.024'], ['D12.776.543.990.150'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.644.360.075', 'D12.776.476.075'], ['A16.142'], ['D12.776.260'], ['D12.776.260.235.687', 'D12.776.260.257.300', 'D12.776.930.216.687', 'D12.776.930.314.300'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308.310'], ['C09.218.458.341.887', 'C10.597.751.418.341.887', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.887'], ['C19.642.482'], ['C12.777.419', 'C13.351.968.419'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['A16.627'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['D12.776.260.755', 'D12.776.930.900', 'D12.776.964.925.984']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The relationship of median nerve F-wave parameters with severity and subtypes of carpal tunnel syndrome.
|
PURPOSE: F-wave analysis may help affirm or disprove a compression neuropathy. In this study we have analysed the effects of focal median nerve injury on F wave in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS).METHOD: We studied 57 patients (100 hands) with clinical and electrophysiological CTS and 31 (62 hands) healthy subjects. Median nerve F-waves were evaluated following 10 supramaximal stimuli and recording from abductor pollicis brevis muscles. Minimum, maximum, and mean F-wave latencies, frequency of the F wave (Fp), chronodispersion (F<formula>_{CD}</formula>), mean F/M amplitude ratios (mF/M-amp) and F-wave conduction velocity (FwCV) were evaluated.RESULTS: The CTS patients showed prolonged F-wave latencies, decreased Fp, and an increase of the F<formula>_{CD}</formula> as compared with normative values. Absent F wave was presented in 8 of 34 hands (23.5%) with severe CTS patients. In the severe group, the FwCV was significantly slower (p< 0.001) and the mF/M-amp was significantly higher (p< 0.001) than that of mild and moderate groups, respectively. Also, the mF/M-amp was significantly greater and Fp was lower in the axonal type than in the demyelinating type. The F<formula>_{CD}</formula> was not different among groups. A strong positive correlations between mMDL with Fmin (r=0.81, p< 0.000), Fmean (r=0.80, p< 0.000) and Fmax (r=0.71, p< 0.000) were revealed.CONCLUSION: Results support the differing effects of demyelinating and axonal injury on F-waves and suggest that the mF/M-amp ratio and FwCV, which is influenced by neuronal damages in the distal segment of the median nerve, is useful in the discrimination of CTS severity.
|
['Adult', 'Carpal Tunnel Syndrome', 'Electrodiagnosis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Median Nerve', 'Middle Aged', 'Neural Conduction', 'Severity of Illness Index']
| 23,948,836
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C10.668.829.500.500.200', 'C10.668.829.550.200', 'C26.844.150.206'], ['E01.370.405'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A08.800.800.720.050.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G07.265.753', 'G11.561.601'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Geotrichum candidum P-5 produces an intracellular serine protease resembling chymotrypsin.
|
A wide range of intra- and extracellular microbial proteases has been studied and characterized. These enzymes are mostly extracellular and in some cases they may resemble 'classical' serine proteases. As part of a programme in which the lipase and protease activities of the fungus Geotrichum candidum are being studied, an intracellular protease with an apparent chymotrypsin-like specificity was detected. The serine protease was isolated from biomass using ion-exchange and exclusion chromatography. Kinetic characterization was done using a series of synthetic substrates and inhibitors. Aprotinin-sepharose affinity chromatography was used to isolate a fraction for molecular size determination on SDS-PAGE. The purified protease, which could hydrolyse haemoglobin as protein substrate, was obtained with a 30-fold purification and a yield of 44%, but it was very unstable and rapidly lost activity. The enzyme which bound to the affinity column had a single subunit mass of 278 kDa. Kinetic analysis showed a similarity with trypsin and chymotrypsin, but tending more towards chymotrypsin in that a bulky aromatic group, e.g. phenylalanine in the P1 position, was preferred. The optimum pH was in the region of 7-8.25. Inhibition patterns indicated that the enzyme was a serine protease with no metal dependence, although it was stabilized by magnesium ions. The enzyme seems to share some properties with other intra- and extracellular microbial serine proteases. The exact function of the enzymatic activity is still unclear, but it is suggested that it may be involved with intracellular protein turnover.
|
['Chymotrypsin', 'Geotrichum', 'Kinetics', 'Serine Endopeptidases']
| 8,930,136
|
[['D08.811.277.656.300.760.176', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.176'], ['B01.300.381.380'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Efficacy of clindamycin/primaquine versus trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in primary treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.
|
Mild to moderately severe Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS was treated in a clinical trial with a combination regimen of primaquine and clindamycin, and the efficacy of this regimen was compared with that of the conventional treatment regimen of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The results revealed that primaquine/clindamycin appears to be an equally effective alternative to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The spectrum of side-effects was similar for the two regimens; side-effects occurred with equal frequency but appeared to be less severe in patients given primaquine/clindamycin. Because therapy with primaquine and clindamycin was limited to patients with mild to moderate Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, studies with this regimen in more severe cases are warranted.
|
['Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome', 'Adult', 'Clindamycin', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pneumonia, Pneumocystis', 'Primaquine', 'Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination']
| 2,060,533
|
[['C01.221.250.875.040', 'C01.221.812.640.400.040', 'C01.778.640.400.040', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.040', 'C01.925.813.400.040', 'C01.925.839.040', 'C20.673.480.040'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D03.383.773.532.500.125', 'D09.408.471.500.125'], ['E02.319.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.150.703.534.700', 'C01.150.703.770.700', 'C01.748.435.700', 'C01.748.610.675', 'C08.381.472.700', 'C08.381.677.675', 'C08.730.435.700', 'C08.730.610.675'], ['D03.633.100.810.050.650'], ['D02.065.884.725.867.500', 'D02.092.146.807.867.500', 'D02.886.590.700.725.867.500', 'D03.383.742.906.500', 'D26.310.875']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Serum creatine kinase is an unreliable predictor of ectopic pregnancy.
|
OBJECTIVE: To compare serum creatine kinase (CK) values in patients with ectopic pregnancy vs patients with threatened miscarriage or normal pregnancy.METHODS: An observational case-control study was performed at an urban teaching hospital. Pregnant women with a quantitative beta-hCG obtained for suspicion of ectopic pregnancy were evaluated. Excluded were cases with recent trauma, i.m. injections, surgery, or history of heart, liver, or muscle disease. The serum beta-hCG and CK values were recorded and compared between groups with 1-way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparison procedure at the overall 0.05 level.RESULTS: The 15 ectopic, 28 threatened miscarriage, and 21 normal pregnancy cases were of similar gestational ages (p = 0.2), ranging from 3 to 12 weeks. Although the CK values for ectopic pregnancy (88.8 +/- 33.6 IU/L) exceeded those for threatened miscarriage (65.9 +/- 59.0 IU/L) and normal pregnancy (56.0 +/- 38.1 U/L) (p = 0.02), there was significant overlap between groups. CK values were at or above a cutoff of 74 IU/L in 80% (95% confidence interval: 52-96%) of ectopic pregnancies, 25% (11-45%) of threatened miscarriages, and 14% (3-36%) of normal pregnancies.CONCLUSIONS: Although the ectopic pregnancy population is characterized by a higher mean CK than are patients with threatened miscarriage or a normal pregnancy, a significant overlap in CK values makes use of this serum marker unreliable for detecting ectopic pregnancy.
|
['Abortion, Threatened', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Biomarkers', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human', 'Creatine Kinase', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy, Ectopic', 'Reference Values']
| 9,562,191
|
[['C13.703.090'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D23.101'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['D06.472.699.322.326.125', 'D06.472.699.649.367.125', 'D12.644.548.726.367.125', 'D12.776.780.400.125', 'D23.101.140.325', 'D23.101.175'], ['D08.811.913.696.640.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.733'], ['E05.978.810']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Compensatory spinopelvic balance over the hip axis and better reliability in measuring lordosis to the pelvic radius on standing lateral radiographs of adult volunteers and patients.
|
STUDY DESIGN: Sagittal alignments, including lumbar lordosis and spinopelvic balance (measured from C7, S1, and hip axis reference points for the relative positions of the spine and sacropelvis over the hips), were studied on standing 36-in. lateral radiographs of adult volunteers (control subjects) and patients who had specific spinal disorders.OBJECTIVES: To determine the most reliable methods for measuring lumbopelvic lordosis and to define significant spinopelvic compensations for sagittal balance.SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Measurements for standing sagittal balance, obtained using a C7 plumb line, and segmental angulations of the spinal vertebrae, including lordosis to the sacrum, have been reported. Absolute values, even for normative data, have had wide variation and limited clinical usefulness. Correlations of sagittal balance with the reported spinopelvic angulations (spinal vertebral and sacropelvic angulations) have not been well defined. In addition, determinates of balance (spinal and pelvic) have not been studied for reliability, and compensatory mechanisms for maintenance of balance have not been carefully evaluated. Better recognition of the correlations and more reliable methods to measure lordosis and balance and the spinopelvic compensations for its maintenance may be beneficial in treating patients who have spinal disorders.METHODS: Measurements on standing 36-in. lateral radiographs were made for sagittal alignments in adult volunteers (n = 50) and in adult patients who had symptomatic degenerative lumbar disc disease (n = 50), low grade L5-S1 isthmic (lytic) spondylolisthesis (n = 30), and idiopathic or degenerative scoliosis (n = 30). All participants exhibited clinical compensation for balance. Data were analyzed for significant correlations within each group to determine compensatory correlations of spinopelvic balance with the other sagittal alignments. Intraobserver and interobserver reliability for the parameters evaluated were calculated. This included two methods for determining lordosis (S1 end-plate and pelvic radius techniques).RESULTS: Plumb line measurements for balance from the S1 and hip axis reference points, as defined, were similar in all four groups. However, the groups appeared to adjust for balance by using common and distinctive spinopelvic compensations that resulted in significantly and characteristically different angular alignments among the four groups. Lordosis and balance measurements were closely correlated, and the correlation was characterized by pelvic rotation and translation around the hip axis. The subjects with less lordosis typically stood with the C7 plumb line anterior to and at a longer distance from the sacral reference point. This was primarily because of posterior sacropelvic translation around the hip axis and not because the sagittal plumb line initially moved anteriorly away from the sacrum. This was true in all four groups and gave the appearance that the sacropelvis was less well balanced over the hips in the subjects with less lordosis. Even small differences in lordosis appeared to be associated with considerable adjustments in the other spinopelvic alignments. Therefore, it was important to determine that lordosis was lumbopelvic more reliably measured by the pelvic radius technique.CONCLUSIONS: Lower lumbar lordosis, by the pelvic radius technique, and compensatory sacropelvic translation around a hip axis, in addition to measurements from this axis to the C7 plumb line, were the primary determinates and most reliable radiographic assessments for sagittal balance. Understanding the common and characteristically different compensations that occur with balance in these patients who had specific spinal disorders may help to improve their care.
|
['Adult', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Female', 'Hip Joint', 'Humans', 'Intervertebral Disc Displacement', 'Lordosis', 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pelvic Bones', 'Postural Balance', 'Radiography', 'Reference Values', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sacrum', 'Scoliosis', 'Spinal Diseases', 'Spondylolisthesis']
| 9,728,376
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['A02.835.583.411'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.116.900.307', 'C23.300.707.952'], ['C05.116.900.800.750'], ['A02.835.232.834.519'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.835.232.043.825'], ['F02.830.816.541.752', 'G07.888.750.500', 'G11.427.690', 'G11.561.790.541.595'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['A02.835.232.834.717'], ['C05.116.900.800.875'], ['C05.116.900'], ['C05.116.900.938.500.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Experiences with Sinemet CR in the Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik.
|
In an open-label study, 20 patients with peak-dose dyskinesia and/or end-of-dose fluctuations were switched from standard Sinemet to Sinemet CR. Seventeen patients showed good tolerance and therapeutic results for at least 6 months. However, 10 patients showed a slight decrease of this improvement after 6 months; 3 had to be put back on standard Sinemet because of hallucinations (1) or accentuation of dyskinesia and akinesia (2). For optimal results, a higher dosage is needed (mean = 33%), but the number of doses per day can be reduced (mean = 30%).
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antiparkinson Agents', 'Carbidopa', 'Delayed-Action Preparations', 'Drug Combinations', 'Humans', 'Levodopa', 'Middle Aged', 'Parkinson Disease']
| 2,586,768
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.427.090.050'], ['D02.092.311.200.538.200', 'D02.442.200', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.200.538.200'], ['D26.255.210', 'E02.319.300.253'], ['D26.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.092.311.200.480', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.200.480', 'D12.125.072.050.685.400.500', 'D12.125.072.050.875.130.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.228.140.079.862.500', 'C10.228.662.600.400', 'C10.574.928.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Predicting effects of structural stress in a genome-reduced model bacterial metabolism.
|
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a human pathogen recently proposed as a genome-reduced model for bacterial systems biology. Here, we study the response of its metabolic network to different forms of structural stress, including removal of individual and pairs of reactions and knockout of genes and clusters of co-expressed genes. Our results reveal a network architecture as robust as that of other model bacteria regarding multiple failures, although less robust against individual reaction inactivation. Interestingly, metabolite motifs associated to reactions can predict the propagation of inactivation cascades and damage amplification effects arising in double knockouts. We also detect a significant correlation between gene essentiality and damages produced by single gene knockouts, and find that genes controlling high-damage reactions tend to be expressed independently of each other, a functional switch mechanism that, simultaneously, acts as a genetic firewall to protect metabolism. Prediction of failure propagation is crucial for metabolic engineering or disease treatment.
|
['Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'Gene Knockdown Techniques', 'Genome, Bacterial', 'Humans', 'Metabolic Networks and Pathways', 'Models, Biological', 'Mutation', 'Pneumonia, Mycoplasma', 'Stress, Physiological']
| 22,934,134
|
[['G05.308.300'], ['E05.393.335.500'], ['G05.360.340.358.207'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G03.493'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G05.365.590'], ['C01.150.252.400.610.610.760', 'C01.150.252.620.500', 'C01.748.610.540.545', 'C08.381.677.540.500', 'C08.730.610.540.545'], ['G07.775']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Biological monitoring of persons exposed to methanol vapours.
|
Five volunteers were exposed to constant and suitably graded concentrations of methanol vapours for a period of 8 h. The retention of methanol in the lungs and the course of its excretion in urine were monitored at single and at daily repeated exposures. From the concentration in inspired air, lung retention, minute lung ventilation and duration of exposure, the methanol dose retained in the organism of the experimental subjects was calculated. The dose correlated well with the methanol concentration (mmol/l or mg/l) in whole-shift urine; using other units (mg/l corr., mg/creat., mg/time) the correlation was unsatisfactory. An exposure test was proposed which permits the estimation of the retained methanol dose on the basis of an analysis of whole-shift urine. The test yields good results even if the subjects perform physical work and consequently have enhanced lung ventilation, or in cases where the air besides methanol contains vapours of other organic solvents (ethanol, acetone). The results may be burdened by a certain error if the methanol concentration in air fluctuates extremely, or if exposure is interrupted by breaks. Nonetheless even in such circumstances the test provides valuable information on the level of occupational exposure to methanol.
|
['Adult', 'Air Pollutants, Occupational', 'Breath Tests', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Methanol', 'Middle Aged', 'Physical Exertion']
| 7,251,180
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.888.284.101.268'], ['E01.370.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.033.623'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G11.427.683']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of caffeine and adenosine on G2 repair: mitotic delay and chromosome damage.
|
Proliferating plant cells treated during the late S period with 5-aminouracil (AU), give the typical response that DNA-damaging agents induce, characterized by: an important mitotic delay, and a potentiation of the chromosome damage by caffeine post-treatment. The study of labelled prophases, after a tritiated thymidine pulse, allowed evaluation of the mitotic delay induced by AU as well as its reversion by caffeine, while chromosome damage was estimated by the percentage of anaphases and telophases showing chromosomal aberrations. Post-treatment with adenosine alone has shown no effect on mitotic delay or chromosomal damage. However, when cells after AU were incubated in caffeine plus adenosine, the chromosome damage potentiation was abolished without affecting the caffeine action on mitotic delay. As a consequence, we postulate that caffeine could have two effects on G2 cells with damaged DNA: the first, to cancel their mitotic delay and the second to inhibit some DNA-repair pathway(s). Only this last effect could be reversed by adenosine.
|
['Adenosine', 'Caffeine', 'Chromosomes', 'DNA Repair', 'Interphase', 'Mitosis', 'Plants', 'Uracil']
| 3,982,446
|
[['D03.633.100.759.590.138', 'D13.570.583.138', 'D13.570.800.096'], ['D03.132.960.175', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.175'], ['A11.284.187', 'A11.284.430.106.279.345.190', 'G05.360.162'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['G04.144.500'], ['G04.144.220.220.781', 'G05.113.220.781'], ['B01.650'], ['D03.383.742.698.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
MicroRNA-1271 suppresses the proliferation and invasion of colorectal cancer cells by regulating metadherin/Wnt signaling.
|
Recent studies have reported an important role for microRNA-1271 (miR-1271) in tumorigenesis. However, the role of miR-1271 in colorectal cancer remains unknown. Here, we found that miR-1271 was significantly decreased in colorectal cancer tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of miR-1271 inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, cell invasion, and induced cell cycle arrest in colorectal cancer cells. Metadherin (MTDH) was identified as a target gene of miR-1271. Moreover, miR-1271 negatively regulated MTDH expression in colorectal cancer cells and reversely correlated with MTDH expression in colorectal cancer specimens. Additionally, miR-1271 also regulated the activation of Wnt signaling in colorectal cancer cells. The restoration of MTDH expression significantly reversed the antitumor effect of miR-1271 in colorectal cancer cells. These findings indicate an important role for miR-1271/MTDH in the tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer, and suggest that miR-1271 may be a novel therapeutic target for colorectal cancer.
|
["3' Untranslated Regions", 'Cell Adhesion Molecules', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Colon', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Genes, Reporter', 'Humans', 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'Membrane Proteins', 'MicroRNAs', 'Mutation', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'RNA', 'RNA Interference', 'RNA, Neoplasm', 'RNA-Binding Proteins', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Wnt Signaling Pathway']
| 29,315,995
|
[['D13.444.735.544.875.880', 'D13.444.735.790.878.880', 'G05.360.340.024.220.880.880', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.910.880'], ['D12.776.395.550.200', 'D12.776.543.550.200', 'D23.050.301.350'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A03.556.124.526.356', 'A03.556.249.249.356'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['G05.308.370'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.556.124.369', 'A10.615.550.444'], ['D12.776.543'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D12.776.624'], ['D13.444.735'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['D13.444.735.615'], ['D12.776.157.725', 'D12.776.664.962'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['G02.111.820.925', 'G04.835.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The structure of AhrC, the arginine repressor/activator protein from Bacillus subtilis.
|
In the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis the concentration of the amino acid L-arginine is controlled by the transcriptional regulator AhrC. The hexameric AhrC protein binds in an L-arginine-dependent manner to pseudo-palindromic operators within the promoter regions of arginine biosynthetic and catabolic gene clusters. AhrC binding results in the repression of transcription of biosynthetic genes and in the activation of transcription of catabolic genes. The crystal structure of AhrC has been determined at 2.7 A resolution. Each subunit of the protein has two domains. The C-terminal domains are arranged with 32 point-group symmetry and mediate the major intersubunit interactions. The N-terminal domains are located around this core, where they lie in weakly associated pairs but do not obey strict symmetry. A structural comparison of AhrC with the arginine repressor from the thermophile B. stearothermophilus reveals close similarity in regions implicated in L-arginine binding and DNA recognition, but also reveals some striking sequence differences, especially within the C-terminal oligomerization domain, which may contribute to the different thermostabilities of the proteins. Comparison of the crystal structure of AhrC with a 30 A resolution model obtained by combining X-ray structure-factor amplitudes with phases derived from electron-microscopic analyses of AhrC crystals confirms the essential accuracy of the earlier model and suggests that such an approach may be more widely useful for obtaining low-resolution phase information.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Bacillus subtilis', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Biopolymers', 'Crystallization', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Protein Conformation', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Trans-Activators']
| 11,856,827
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B03.300.390.400.158.218.725', 'B03.353.500.100.218.725', 'B03.510.100.100.218.725', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.725', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.725'], ['D12.776.097'], ['D05.750.078', 'D25.720.099', 'J01.637.051.720.099'], ['E05.196.300', 'G02.171'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['E05.599.595'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['D12.776.260.755', 'D12.776.930.900', 'D12.776.964.925.984']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Interhemispheric transfer of olfactory information in homing pigeon.
|
The role of the anterior commissure in discrimination of and habituation to olfactory stimuli was studied in pigeons by measuring changes in the heart rate. In order to exclude any trigeminal response, we presented odorous stimuli to groups of pigeons with one olfactory nerve cut and either the ipsilateral or the contralateral nostril plugged. When the nostril involved in the experiments was on the same side of the cut olfactory nerve, the pigeons did not show any response, whereas they displayed changes in heart rate when the nostril tested was on the opposite side. In habituation transfer experiments were a control group of pigeons and a group with the anterior commissure cut, both of them subjected to a monolateral habituation training to amylacetate. Later, when the odour was presented to the opposite nostril, both groups maintained the habituation.
|
['Animals', 'Central Nervous System', 'Columbidae', 'Functional Laterality', 'Heart', 'Heart Rate', 'Olfactory Nerve', 'Olfactory Pathways', 'Pentanols', 'Time Factors']
| 3,358,853
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.165.150'], ['F02.830.297.425', 'G11.561.225.425'], ['A07.541'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['A08.800.800.120.640'], ['A08.186.211.180.699', 'A08.612.220.640'], ['D02.033.415.640', 'D10.289.640'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A microcomputer system in the delivery suite.
|
Microcomputer systems have been installed in the delivery suites of two obstetric units which cater between them for nearly 10 000 deliveries annually. The midwifery and medical staff enter administrative, antenatal, anaesthetic and delivery details during labour and as soon after delivery as possible. The computer prints out the official Birth Notification, the entry for the Midwives Register and the record of labour and delivery for the patient's notes. Subsequently the postnatal doctor and anaesthetist, where relevant, enter details of puerperium and anaesthetic follow-up, before the production by the computer of discharge and anaesthetic summaries for the community and records. In the first 6 months of use at the Bristol Maternity Hospital (July to December 1982) 2229 patients were delivered and have had obstetric details recorded on the computer. A general obstetric audit of these patients is presented.
|
['Adult', 'Computers', 'Data Collection', 'Delivery, Obstetric', 'England', 'Female', 'Hospital Departments', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Microcomputers', 'Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hospital', 'Pregnancy', 'Software']
| 6,547,349
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['L01.224.230.260'], ['E05.318.308', 'L01.399.250', 'N05.715.360.300', 'N06.850.520.308'], ['E04.520.252'], ['Z01.542.363.300'], ['N02.278.216.500.968', 'N04.452.442.452.422'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['L01.224.230.260.550'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.495', 'N04.452.442.452.422.495'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['L01.224.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Being open with patients and learning how to apologize.
|
This article outlines the National Patient Safety Agency's 'Being Open' policy and argues that it has the potential to create a much more patient-centred NHS. However, it is very easy to say the word 'sorry', but much harder to say the word effectively and in a meaningful way. The NHS should not underestimate the task that lies ahead in implementing the 'Being Open' policy; ingrained defensive cultures do not change overnight.
|
['Codes of Ethics', 'Communication', 'Humans', 'Liability, Legal', 'Medical Errors', 'Nurse-Patient Relations', 'Organizational Policy', 'State Medicine', 'Truth Disclosure', 'United Kingdom']
| 20,220,650
|
[['K01.752.566.479.068', 'K01.752.566.479.171.066', 'N04.761.700.350.324', 'N05.350.213', 'N05.350.340.080', 'N05.700.350.324'], ['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.880.604.583.490', 'N03.706.535.547'], ['N02.421.450'], ['F01.829.401.650.600', 'N05.300.660.560'], ['I01.655.500.550', 'I01.880.604.825.550', 'N03.623.500.550'], ['N03.349.550.902', 'N03.858'], ['F01.829.401.046.800', 'I01.880.604.583.080.134.800'], ['Z01.542.363']]
|
['Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Using Relational Agents to Promote Family Communication Around Type 1 Diabetes Self-Management in the Diabetes Family Teamwork Online Intervention: Longitudinal Pilot Study.
|
BACKGROUND: Family conflict can reduce adolescent adherence to type 1 diabetes management tasks. The Family Teamwork in-person intervention was shown to be efficacious in reducing conflict and low adherence to diabetes-related tasks. Its reach and potential impact, however, were limited by the need to deliver the intervention sessions in person. Relational agents (ie, computerized versions of humans) have been shown to appeal to diverse audiences and may be an acceptable replacement for a human in technology-based behavior change interventions.OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a pilot study assessing feasibility and acceptability of Diabetes Family Teamwork Online, an adapted version of the Family Teamwork intervention, delivered over the internet and guided by a relational agent.METHODS: Parent-adolescent dyads were recruited through a diabetes care clinic at a large tertiary care hospital in the southwestern United States. A one-group design, with assessments at baseline, immediate postintervention, and 3 months later, was used to assess feasibility. A priori feasibility criteria included an assessment of recruitment, completion, attrition, program satisfaction, therapeutic alliance, attitudes toward the relational agent, and data collection. The institutional review board at Baylor College of Medicine approved the protocol (H-37245).RESULTS: Twenty-seven adolescents aged 10 to 15 years with type 1 diabetes and their parents were enrolled. Criteria used to assess feasibility were (1) recruitment goals were met (n=20), (2) families completed ?75% of the modules, (3) attrition rate was ?10%, (4) program satisfaction was high (?80% of families), (5) therapeutic alliance was high (average score of ?60/84), (6) families expressed positive attitudes toward the relational agent (average item score of ?5 on ?4 items), (7) ?80% of data were collected at post 1 and post 2, and (8) few technical issues (?10%) occurred during intervention delivery. All feasibility criteria were met. Qualitative data confirmed that adolescents and parents had positive reactions to both the content and approach.CONCLUSIONS: The Diabetes Family Teamwork Online intervention proved to be a feasible and acceptable method for enhancing communication around diabetes management tasks in families with an adolescent who has type 1 diabetes.INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR2-10.2196/resprot.5817.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Communication', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Internet-Based Intervention', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Pilot Projects', 'Self-Management']
| 31,538,940
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.230.110.500.688'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['N02.421.784.760']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Forward propulsion asymmetry is indicative of changes in plantarflexor coordination during walking in individuals with post-stroke hemiparesis.
|
BACKGROUND: A common measure of rehabilitation effectiveness post-stroke is self-selected walking speed, yet individuals may achieve the same speed using different coordination strategies. Asymmetry in the propulsion generated by each leg can provide insight into paretic leg coordination due to its relatively strong correlation with hemiparetic severity. Subjects walking at the same speed can exhibit different propulsion asymmetries, with some subjects relying more on the paretic leg and others on the nonparetic leg. The goal of this study was to assess whether analyzing propulsion asymmetry can help distinguish between improved paretic leg coordination versus nonparetic leg compensation.METHODS: Three-dimensional forward dynamics simulations were developed for two post-stroke hemiparetic subjects walking at identical speeds before/after rehabilitation with opposite changes in propulsion asymmetry. Changes in the individual muscle contributions to forward propulsion were examined.FINDINGS: The major source of increased forward propulsion in both subjects was from the ankle plantarflexors. How they were utilized differed and appears related to changes in propulsion asymmetry. Subject A increased propulsion generated from the paretic plantarflexors, while Subject B increased propulsion generated from the nonparetic plantarflexors. Each subject's strategy to increase speed also included differences in other muscle groups (e.g., hamstrings) that did not appear to be related to propulsion asymmetry.INTERPRETATION: The results of this study highlight how speed cannot be used to elucidate underlying muscle coordination changes following rehabilitation. In contrast, propulsion asymmetry appears to provide insight into changes in plantarflexor output affecting propulsion generation and may be useful in monitoring rehabilitation outcomes.
|
['Aged', 'Ankle Joint', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Computer Simulation', 'Female', 'Gait', 'Humans', 'Leg', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena', 'Paresis', 'Rehabilitation', 'Stroke Rehabilitation', 'Walking']
| 24,973,825
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['A02.835.583.378.062'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['L01.224.160'], ['E01.370.600.250', 'G11.427.410.568.900.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.378.610.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['G11.427'], ['C10.597.636', 'C23.888.592.643'], ['E02.760.169.063.500', 'E02.831', 'H02.403.680.600', 'N02.421.784'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.477.500', 'E02.831.477.500', 'H02.403.680.600.750.500', 'N02.421.784.511.500'], ['G11.427.410.568.900', 'G11.427.410.698.277.937', 'I03.350.937', 'I03.450.642.845.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Aberration correction with soft contact lens: is the postlens tear film important?
|
PURPOSE: A number of factors may influence the performance of soft contact lenses designed to correct the aberrations of the eye. Although the effect of many of these factors has been investigated, the effect of postlens tear film has not. We estimated the optical effect of the postlens tear film by using simplified models of postlens tear thickness profiles.METHODS: Three models were analyzed, including (1) a worst-case scenario before lens settling, (2) representative components of thickness profile based on Zernike-like forms, and (3) a series of undulations (ripples) across the postlens tear film. A range of thicknesses of the tear film was studied. Ray-tracing analyses were conducted on all models to calculate the modulation transfer function response between 0 and 100 cycles per degree and Strehl ratio.RESULTS: The results show that in only a few scenarios does the reduction in optical performance because of the postlens tear film approach those introduced by conventional spherical surface soft contact lenses.CONCLUSION: The postlens tear film can introduce discernable amounts of optical degradation in the lens-wearing eye. However, the amount of this effect is likely to be small compared with other sources, and benefits afforded by the use of aberration-corrected soft contact lenses should not be severely affected.
|
['Computer Simulation', 'Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic', 'Humans', 'Models, Biological', 'Refractive Errors', 'Tears']
| 12,772,762
|
[['L01.224.160'], ['E07.632.500.276.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395'], ['C11.744'], ['A12.200.882']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Exogenously administered prostaglandins modulate pulmonary granulomas induced by Schistosoma mansoni eggs.
|
The inflammatory modulating activity of specific prostaglandins has been examined for both immune and foreign-body types of pulmonary granulomas. Lung granuloma formation generated in mice by embolization of Schistosoma mansoni eggs was markedly suppressed by treatment with the stable, functional analog of prostaglandin E, (PGE1), (15-(S)-15-methyl PGE1) while treatment with PGF2 alpha augmented the granulomatous response. Despite marked effects on egg-induced granuloma formation, PGs had no significant effect on the foreign body lesion induced by Sephadex beads. Likewise, PGs had no effect on the primary antibody response to schistosome egg antigens. However, notable derangements in splenic lymphoid populations occurred. While T-cell numbers appeared constant in face of PG treatment, B-cell populations were depressed by methyl-PGE1 and augmented by PGF2 alpha. Further analysis revealed that methyl-PGE1 appeared to suppress both the induction and elicitation phases of the cell-mediated response to schistosome eggs. Cyclophosphamide treatment could partially reverse this suppression, but the induction of suppressor cell activity was not solely responsible for this effect. The possible role and mechanism of PGs as modulators of chronic inflammation is discussed.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Female', 'Granuloma', 'Lung Diseases', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred CBA', 'Ovum', 'Prostaglandins', 'Schistosoma mansoni', 'Schistosomiasis', 'Spleen', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory']
| 6,220,612
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.730.243', 'D02.705.672.500.243'], ['C15.604.515.292', 'C23.550.382'], ['C08.381'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.440', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.440'], ['A05.360.490.690', 'A11.497.497', 'A16.690'], ['D10.251.355.255.550', 'D23.469.050.175.725'], ['B01.050.500.500.736.715.770.680.700'], ['C01.610.335.865.859', 'C01.920.922'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.700', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.700', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Increasing isoflurane concentration may cause paradoxical increases in the EEG bispectral index in surgical patients.
|
We have studied the effects of increases in isoflurane concentration on the EEG bispectral index (BIS) in 70 patients anaesthetized with isoflurane-nitrous oxide-sufentanil for major abdominal surgery. During surgery, baseline BIS was recorded at 0.8% end-tidal isoflurane with nitrous oxide in oxygen (FIO2 0.35). After this, end-tidal isoflurane was increased to 1.6% for 15 min and decreased subsequently to 0.8% for 20 min to assess recovery. In 20 patients, BIS decreased from a mean value of 40 (SD 9) during baseline to 25 (10) at 1.6% isoflurane. In contrast, BIS did not change in 23 patients and increased in 27 patients from 35 (6) to 46 (8) as isoflurane was increased to 1.6%. In all patients, BIS recovered to baseline values at 0.8% isoflurane. The changes in BIS with increasing isoflurane concentration were not related to drugs or differences in physiological variables, which did not differ between groups. Patients with a decrease in BIS were significantly younger (38 (range 18-68) yr) than those with unchanged (55 (26-70) yr) or increased (60 (40-70) yr) BIS values (P < 0.001). It is possible that the paradoxical increase in BIS is related to continuous pre-burst EEG patterns consisting of high-frequency activity. This suggests that the use of BIS as a guide for isoflurane administration may be misleading in some patients undergoing surgical procedures.
|
['Abdomen', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Anesthetics, Inhalation', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Electroencephalography', 'Female', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Isoflurane', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Monitoring, Intraoperative', 'Prospective Studies']
| 10,740,544
|
[['A01.923.047'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.696.277.100.035.060', 'D27.505.954.427.210.100.035.060'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.355.601.570'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.520.510', 'E04.510'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Modulation of IA currents by capsaicin in rat trigeminal ganglion neurons.
|
When capsaicin, the pungent compound in hot pepper, is applied to epithelia it produces pain, allodynia, and hyperalgesia. We investigated, using whole cell path clamp, whether some of these responses induced by capsaicin could be a consequence of capsaicin blocking I(A) currents, a reduction in which, such as occurs in injury, increases neuronal excitability. In capsaicin-sensitive (CS) rat trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons, capsaicin inhibited I(A) currents in a dose-dependent manner. I(A) currents were reduced 49% by 1 microM capsaicin. In capsaicin-insensitive (CIS) rat TG neurons, or small-diameter mouse VR1-/- neurons, 1 microM capsaicin inhibited I(A) currents 9 and 3%, respectively. These data suggest that in CS neurons the vast majority of the capsaicin-induced inhibition of I(A) currents occurs as a consequence of the activation of vanilloid receptors. Capsaicin (1 microM) did not alter the I(A) conductance-voltage relationship but shifted the inactivation-voltage curve about 15 mV to hyperpolarizing voltages, thereby increasing the number of inactivated I(A) channels at the resting potential. I(A) currents were relatively unaffected by 1 mM CTP-cAMP or 500 nM phorbol-12, 13-dibuterate (a protein kinase C agonist) but were inhibited by 20-30% with either 1 mM CTP-cGMP or 25 microM N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-napthalenesulfonamide HCl (a calcium-calmodulin kinase inhibitor). In the presence of 0.5 microM KT5823, an inhibitor of protein kinase G (PKG) pathways, 1 microM capsaicin inhibited I(A) by only 26%. In summary, in CS neurons, capsaicin decreases I(A) currents through the activation of vanilloid receptors. That activation, partially through the activation of cGMP-PKG and calmodulin-dependent pathways should result in increased excitability of capsaicin-sensitive nociceptors.
|
['Alkaloids', 'Animals', 'Benzylamines', 'Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2', 'Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases', 'Calmodulin', 'Capsaicin', 'Carbazoles', 'Carcinogens', 'Cyclic AMP', 'Cyclic GMP', 'Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases', 'Cytidine Triphosphate', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Indoles', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Mice', 'Mice, Mutant Strains', 'Neural Inhibition', 'Neurons, Afferent', 'Nociceptors', 'Patch-Clamp Techniques', 'Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate', 'Potassium', 'Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptors, Drug', 'Sulfonamides', 'Trigeminal Ganglion']
| 12,626,618
|
[['D03.132'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.092.200', 'D02.455.426.559.389.140.210'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.125.200', 'D12.644.360.100.200', 'D12.776.476.100.200'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.125', 'D12.644.360.100', 'D12.776.476.100'], ['D12.644.360.372.249', 'D12.776.157.125.412.249', 'D12.776.476.387.249'], ['D02.065.690.500', 'D02.455.326.271.690.222', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.099', 'D03.132.760.200', 'D10.251.355.325.190'], ['D03.633.100.473.144', 'D03.633.300.148'], ['D27.888.569.100'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.395', 'D13.695.462.200', 'D13.695.667.138.395', 'D13.695.827.068.395'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.160', 'D13.695.462.275', 'D13.695.667.454.160', 'D13.695.827.426.160'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.150.150', 'D12.644.360.200.150', 'D12.776.476.200.150'], ['D03.383.742.686.246.400', 'D13.695.740.246.400', 'D13.695.827.232.400'], ['E05.723.402'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550'], ['G07.265.755', 'G11.561.616'], ['A08.675.650', 'A11.671.650'], ['A08.675.650.915.875', 'A08.800.950.875', 'A11.671.650.915.875'], ['E05.200.500.905', 'E05.242.800'], ['D02.455.849.291.500.510.700'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600.900', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750.900', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750.900'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.827'], ['D02.065.884', 'D02.886.590.700'], ['A08.340.390.850', 'A08.800.350.850', 'A08.800.800.120.760.825']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Characterization of Aedes aegypti innate-immune pathways that limit Chikungunya virus replication.
|
Replication of arboviruses in their arthropod vectors is controlled by innate immune responses. The RNA sequence-specific break down mechanism, RNA interference (RNAi), has been shown to be an important innate antiviral response in mosquitoes. In addition, immune signaling pathways have been reported to mediate arbovirus infections in mosquitoes; namely the JAK/STAT, immune deficiency (IMD) and Toll pathways. Very little is known about these pathways in response to chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection, a mosquito-borne alphavirus (Togaviridae) transmitted by aedine species to humans resulting in a febrile and arthralgic disease. In this study, the contribution of several innate immune responses to control CHIKV replication was investigated. In vitro experiments identified the RNAi pathway as a key antiviral pathway. CHIKV was shown to repress the activity of the Toll signaling pathway in vitro but neither JAK/STAT, IMD nor Toll pathways were found to mediate antiviral activities. In vivo data further confirmed our in vitro identification of the vital role of RNAi in antiviral defence. Taken together these results indicate a complex interaction between CHIKV replication and mosquito innate immune responses and demonstrate similarities as well as differences in the control of alphaviruses and other arboviruses by mosquito immune pathways.
|
['Aedes', 'Animals', 'Chikungunya Fever', 'Chikungunya virus', 'Female', 'Host-Pathogen Interactions', 'Immunity, Innate', 'Signal Transduction', 'Virus Replication']
| 25,058,001
|
[['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.712.500.875.100'], ['B01.050'], ['C01.920.500.078.184', 'C01.925.081.198', 'C01.925.782.930.100.184'], ['B04.820.578.875.054.198'], ['G06.462', 'G16.527.200'], ['G12.450.564'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Does ingestion of regular coffee influence serum lipid profile in dialysis patients?
|
We checked whether dialysis patients who drink coffee might have a serum lipid profile different from that of nondrinkers of coffee. The study was performed in 30 patients (26 on peritoneal dialysis, 4 on hemodialysis). Group I included patients who drank 1 - 3 cups of coffee daily (140 - 420 mg caffeine) for at least 2 years before the study [n = 11; dialysis vintage: 29.1 months (range: 8.7 - 59.6 months); age: 56.0 +/- 14.6 years]. Group II consisted of patients who said that they were nondrinkers of caffeinated coffee [n = 19; dialysis vintage: 15.2 months (range: 6.3 - 45.4 months); age: 56.3 +/- 19.8 years). Serum lipid profile, anthropometric and bioimpedance measurements, and laboratory indices of nutrition and inflammation status were examined. Compared with group II, group I showed higher serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (45.1 +/- 12.8 mg/dL vs. 37.7 +/- 6.6 mg/dL, p = 0.045) and lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (104.7 +/- 15.7 mg/dL vs. 139.0 +/- 41.8 mg/dL, p = 0.007). Other examined parameters did not differ significantly between the groups, with the exception of serum albumin [4.0 g/dL (range: 3.1 - 4.3 g/dL) in group I vs. 3.3 g/dL (range: 2.9 - 4.4 g/dL) in group II, p = 0.020]. Adjustment for age and sex additionally showed differences in bioimpedance and anthropometric measurements. Compared with group II, group I showed lower waist and hip circumferences, a lower waist/height ratio, a lower fat body mass, and a higher lean body mass as a percentage of total body mass. When adjustments were made for age, sex, and fat body mass, differences in lipid profile were nonsignificant. In the overall group, a correlation was seen between lean body mass and total cholesterol (r = -0.487, p = 0.006). Lower LDL and higher HDL serum cholesterol may occur in dialyzed patients who drink coffee not only because of the direct influence of coffee ingredients on serum lipid profile, but mainly because of a more favorable body composition and better protein nutrition in coffee drinkers.
|
['Anthropometry', 'Body Mass Index', 'Cholesterol, HDL', 'Coffee', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Lipids', 'Lipoproteins, LDL', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Renal Dialysis']
| 19,886,342
|
[['E01.370.600.024', 'E05.041', 'N06.850.505.200.100'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.238', 'D10.532.432.400', 'D10.570.938.208.270', 'D12.776.521.479.470'], ['D20.215.784.249', 'G07.203.100.325', 'J02.200.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['D10'], ['D10.532.515', 'D12.776.521.550'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Platelet aggregation and anti-inflammatory effects of garden pea, Desi chickpea and Kabuli chickpea.
|
Inflammation is the natural body defense mechanism for the removal of injurious agents, necrosed cells and tissues from the body. This study was aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and platelet aggregation effects of three medicinal plants of Pakistan. Methanolic extract of garden pea inhibited arachidonic acid (AA)-induced platelet aggregation (IC50 = 35 microg/mL) and platelet activating factor (PAF)-induced platelet aggregation (IC50 = 38 microg/mL) in a dose dependent fashion. Methanolic extract of Desi chickpea inhibited arachidonic acid (AA) induced platelet aggregation (IC50 value = AA = 46 microg/mL) in dose dependent fashion while was found not active against PAF-induced platelet aggregation. Methanolic extract of Kabuli chickpea was found not active against both arachidonic acid (AA)-induced platelet aggregation and PAF-induced platelet aggregation. The best potential to inhibit in vitro COX-2 activity showed garden pea (Pisum sativum: the synthesis of PGE2 reduced by 92% in comparison with untreated control wells) followed by Desi chickpea (Cicer arietinum var; 87% inhibition) and Kabuli chickpea extracts (Cicer arietinum var: 65% inhibition). All extracts were tested at concentration 20 microg/mL. in COX-2 assay. The results indicate that if the same were happening in vito, Garden pea, Desi chickpea and Kabuli chickpea could be useful as natural antithrombotic anti-inflammatory materials.
|
['Arachidonic Acid', 'Cicer', 'Cyclooxygenase 2', 'Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors', 'Dinoprostone', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Humans', 'Indomethacin', 'Methanol', 'Peas', 'Plant Extracts', 'Platelet Activating Factor', 'Platelet Aggregation', 'Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors', 'Platelet Function Tests', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Seeds', 'Solvents', 'Time Factors']
| 22,876,614
|
[['D10.251.355.255.100.100', 'D10.251.355.310.166.100'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.150'], ['D08.811.600.720.750'], ['D27.505.519.389.310.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500.500.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030.500.500', 'D27.505.954.329.030.500.500'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.250.200', 'D23.469.050.175.725.250.200'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.473.420'], ['D02.033.623'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.630'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D02.033.100.291.211.500', 'D02.092.063.291.211.500', 'D02.092.877.883.333.710', 'D02.675.276.232.710', 'D10.570.755.375.760.400.985.910', 'D23.119.865', 'D23.469.050.600'], ['G09.188.370.687', 'G09.188.390.600.640'], ['D27.505.954.502.780'], ['E01.370.225.625.625', 'E05.200.625.625'], ['D12.776.828'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775'], ['D27.720.844'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Quantification of three triterpenic acids in dried rosemary using HPLC-fluorescence detection and 4-(4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole-2-yl)benzoyl chloride derivatization.
|
Functional triterpenic acids such as ursolic acid (UA), oleanolic acid (OA) and betulinic acid (BA) are representative ingredients in rosemary that may have health benefits. UA, OA and BA in rosemary extracts were derivatized with 4-(4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole-2-yl)benzoyl chloride (DIB-Cl) and detected using HPLC-fluorescence (FL). Dried rosemary (50 mg) was ground, added to 3 ml of ethanol, sonicated for 40 min, then the sample solution was added to a mixture of 1% trimethylamine and 1 mM DIB-Cl in acetonitrile. The mixture was settled for 5 min at room temperature, then the DIB-triterpenic acid derivatives were separated using a Wakopak Handy ODS column (250 ? 4.6 mm, 6 ìm) eluted with 25 mM acetate buffer (pH 4.5)/methanol/acetonitrile (= 8:10:82 v/v/v%). The fluorescence intensity of the eluent was monitored at 365 (ëex ) and 490 nm (ëem ) and the maximum retention time of the derivatives was 30 min. Calibration curves constructed using rosemary extract spiked with standards showed good linearity (r ? 0.997) in the range 2.5-100 ng/ml. The detection limits at 3ó for internal BA, UA and OA peaks in rosemary extract were 0.2, 0.4 and 0.5 ng/ml, respectively. This method was used to quantify BA, UA and OA in commercially available dried rosemary products.
|
['Benzoates', 'Calibration', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Fluorescence', 'Food Analysis', 'Imidazoles', 'Limit of Detection', 'Oleanolic Acid', 'Pentacyclic Triterpenes', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Rosmarinus', 'Temperature', 'Triterpenes']
| 30,520,219
|
[['D02.241.223.100', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127'], ['E05.978.155'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665.500', 'G01.590.540.665.500'], ['E05.362', 'J01.576.423.850.100'], ['D03.383.129.308'], ['E05.318.740.872.374', 'N05.715.360.750.725.500', 'N06.850.520.830.872.500'], ['D02.455.849.919.530.733', 'D02.455.849.919.650.600'], ['D02.455.849.919.530'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.583.520.757'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['D02.455.849.919']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Interaction of Cigarette Smoking History With APOE Genotype and Age on Amyloid Level, Glucose Metabolism, and Neurocognition in Cognitively Normal Elders.
|
INTRODUCTION: Chronic cigarette smoking is associated with increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The goal of this study was to determine if smoking history moderated the associations of age and APOE genotype (the most robust risk factors for AD) on brain amyloid deposition, glucose metabolism, and neurocognition in cognitively-normal elders.METHODS: Participants (n = 264) were grouped according to their APOE å4 carrier status (å4 carrier: APOE4+; non-å4 carrier: APOE4-) and smoking status (smokers: at least 1 year of smoking during lifetime; never-smokers: no history of smoking). Approximately 89% of the smoking sample was former-smokers. We specifically tested for interactions of smoking status with APOE å4 carrier status and age on measures of cortical amyloid deposition, glucose metabolism, and neurocognition.RESULTS: (1) smoking status interacted with APOE å4 carrier status, where smoker APOE4+ showed lower glucose metabolism and poorer auditory-verbal learning and memory than never-smoking APOE4-, never-smoking APOE4+, and smoking APOE4-; (2) smoking status interacted with age on measures of semantic fluency, processing speed/set-shifting and global neurocognition; smokers, irrespective of APOE å4 carrier status, demonstrated poorer performance with increasing age than never-smokers; and (3) smoking APOE4+ and never-smoking APOE4+ showed greater cortical amyloid deposition than never-smoking APOE4- and smoking APOE4-.CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicate consideration of smoking history is essential to both better understand the factors associated with neurobiological and neurocognitive abnormalities in elders, and the risk for development of AD-related neuropathology.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aging', 'Alzheimer Disease', 'Apolipoprotein E4', 'Brain', 'Cognition', 'Female', 'Genotype', 'Glucose', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Plaque, Amyloid', 'Risk Factors', 'Smoking']
| 25,847,292
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G07.345.124'], ['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['D10.532.091.500.750', 'D12.776.070.400.500.750', 'D12.776.521.120.500.750'], ['A08.186.211'], ['F02.463.188'], ['G05.380'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.300.821'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.805']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Improved outcome of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest--a comparison with that for extracorporeal rescue for in-hospital cardiac arrest.
|
PURPOSE: The aim was to investigate the effects of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and compare the results with those of in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA).METHODS: We analyzed our extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) results for patients who received ECPR for OHCA or IHCA in the last 5 years. Pre-arrest, resuscitation, and post-resuscitative data were evaluated.RESULTS: In the last 5 years, ECPR was used 230 times for OHCA (n=31) and IHCA (n=199). The basic demographic data showed significant differences in age, cardiomyopathy, and location of the initial CPR. Duration of ischemia was shorter in the IHCA group (44.4±24.7 min vs. 67.5±30.6 min, p<0.05). About 50% of each group underwent a further intervention to treat the underlying etiology. ECMO was maintained for a shorter duration in the OHCA patients (61±48 h vs. 94±122 h, p<0.05). Survival to discharge was similar in the two groups (38.7% for OHCA vs. 31.2% for IHCA, p>0.05), as was the favorable outcome rate (25.5% for OHCA vs. 25.1% for IHCA, p>0.05). Survival was acceptable (about 33%) in both groups when the duration of ischemia was no longer than 75 min.CONCLUSIONS: In addition to having a beneficial effect in IHCA, ECPR can lead to survival and a positive neurological outcome in selected OHCA patients after prolonged resuscitation. Our results suggest that further investigation of the use of ECMO in OHCA is warranted.
|
['Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation', 'Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest', 'Prospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 24,992,872
|
[['E02.365.647.110'], ['E02.880.301', 'E04.292.451'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.383.610'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Roles of nitric oxide synthase isoforms in cutaneous vasodilation induced by local warming of the skin and whole body heat stress in humans.
|
Nitric oxide (NO) participates in the cutaneous vasodilation caused by increased local skin temperature (Tloc) and whole body heat stress in humans. In forearm skin, endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) participates in vasodilation due to elevated Tloc and neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) participates in vasodilation due to heat stress. To explore the relative roles and interactions of these isoforms, we examined the effects of a relatively specific eNOS inhibitor, N(omega)-amino-l-arginine (LNAA), and a specific nNOS inhibitor, N(omega)-propyl-l-arginine (NPLA), both separately and in combination, on skin blood flow (SkBF) responses to increased Tloc and heat stress in two protocols. In each protocol, SkBF was monitored by laser-Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) by Finapres. Cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) was calculated (CVC = LDF/MAP). Intradermal microdialysis was used to treat one site with 5 mM LNAA, another with 5 mM NPLA, a third with combined 5 mM LNAA and 5 mM NPLA (Mix), and a fourth site with Ringer only. In protocol 1, Tloc was controlled with combined LDF/local heating units. Tloc was increased from 34 degrees C to 41.5 degrees C to cause local vasodilation. In protocol 2, after a period of normothermia, whole body heat stress was induced (water-perfused suits). At the end of each protocol, all sites were perfused with 58 mM nitroprusside to effect maximal vasodilation for data normalization. In protocol 1, at Tloc = 34 degrees C, CVC did not differ between sites (P > 0.05). LNAA and Mix attenuated CVC increases at Tloc = 41.5 degrees C to similar extents (P < 0.05, LNAA or Mix vs. untreated or NPLA). In protocol 2, in normothermia, CVC did not differ between sites (P > 0.05). During heat stress, NPLA and Mix attenuated CVC increases to similar extents, but no significant attenuation occurred with LNAA (P < 0.05, NPLA or Mix vs. untreated or LNAA). In forearm skin, eNOS mediates the vasodilator response to increased Tloc and nNOS mediates the vasodilator response to heat stress. The two isoforms do not appear to interact during either response.
|
['Adult', 'Body Temperature Regulation', 'Female', 'Heat-Shock Response', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase', 'Skin', 'Skin Temperature', 'Vasodilation']
| 19,745,188
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G07.110.232', 'G07.410.421', 'G16.012.500.535'], ['G07.775.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772'], ['A17.815'], ['G07.110.753', 'G13.750.844'], ['G09.330.380.928']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Specific cleavage of histidine-containing peptides by copper(II).
|
Copper(II) cleaves with moderate specificity peptides containing Ser-His or Thr-His sequences, at the N-terminal side of the hydroxyaminoacyl residue. The reaction is slow, and is first-order in peptide: CuII complex, with a half-life of several hours at 62 degrees C in sodium bicarbonate buffer, pH 8. Cleavage of other histidine-containing peptides also occurs, at a rate around 10-100-fold less. EDTA completely quenches the cleavage. The reaction is stoichiometric in CuII and is inhibited by amine-containing buffer components; Tris at 19 mM inhibits cleavage by 50%. The reaction has a complex pH-dependence, being very slow below pH 5, and with rates increasing with pH from pH 7 to pH 9.5. Slower degradative side reactions do occur, with destruction of tyrosine residues, particularly in the presence of high concentrations of chloride ion, but the specific cleavage appears to be a hydrolysis, as determined by amino-acid analysis and mass spectrometry of the products. The cleavage is clearly different from the previously described oxidative degradation of proteins catalysed by copper ions. Cleavage of denatured IgG protein occurs with sufficient specificity to reveal distinct bands on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under reducing conditions.
|
['Copper', 'Histidine', 'Hydrogen Bonding', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Proteins']
| 8,897,094
|
[['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['D12.125.072.329', 'D12.125.142.308'], ['G02.282'], ['G02.300'], ['D12.776']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of cimetidine and probenecid on pilsicainide renal clearance in humans.
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of cimetidine and probenecid on the renal clearance of pilsicainide in healthy subjects.METHODS: Nine healthy men (age range, 21 to 38 years) were given oral doses of 50 mg pilsicainide hydrochloride alone, with coadministration of 800 mg oral cimetidine, or with coadministration of 1,500 mg oral probenecid on three occasions in a Latin-square order. Urine and venous blood samples were collected on a timely basis. The concentration of pilsicainide in plasma and urine were determined by an HPLC method.RESULTS: Concomitant administration of cimetidine significantly increased the area under the plasma concentration-time curve of pilsicainide by a mean of 33%, prolonged elimination half-life by a mean of 24% (from 5 to 6.2 hours), reduced apparent oral clearance by a mean of 26% (from 14.7 +/- 0.1 to 10.8 +/- 0.8 L/h) and reduced renal clearance by a mean of 28% (from 196.8 +/- 53.9 to 141.8 +/- 25.9 mL/min). The net renal clearance by tubular secretion was significantly reduced by a mean value of 38%, from 151.4 +/- 62.9 to 93.0 +/- 31.1 mL/min. Coadministration of probenecid did not show any changes in plasma concentrations of pilsicainide, pharmacokinetics, or the net renal clearance by tubular secretion of pilsicainide.CONCLUSIONS: Pilsicainide appeared to be secreted by the active transport system for organic bases in the proximal tubule, and the excretion of pilsicainide was inhibited by cimetidine.
|
['Adult', 'Anti-Arrhythmia Agents', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Cimetidine', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Humans', 'Kidney', 'Lidocaine', 'Male', 'Probenecid', 'Reference Values', 'Uricosuric Agents']
| 10,741,624
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.411.097'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D02.078.370.200', 'D03.383.129.308.130'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453'], ['D02.065.199.092.500', 'D02.092.146.113.092.500'], ['D02.065.884.625', 'D02.886.590.700.625'], ['E05.978.810'], ['D27.505.954.329.337.900', 'D27.505.954.613.860']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Dual free flap transfer using forearm flap for mandibular reconstruction.
|
To reconstruct a composite mandibular defect, we have simultaneously transferred a vascularized bone graft or osteocutaneous flap together with a forearm flap. The radial forearm flap, being thin, pliable, and having a long vascular stalk, served as mucosal lining and/or an interpositional flap acting as a vascular bridge. Between 1982 and 1989, we used this procedure in 17 patients with a mandibular defect or deformity which developed following treatment of oral cancer. Our clinical experience has demonstrated that this dual free tissue transfer has many advantages. It is useful for obtaining a good alveolar ridge in patients with a composite mandibular defect. It is applicable in cases where only a single pair of recipient vessels are present and may be useful when the recipient vessels are positioned some distance from the defect.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Bone Transplantation', 'Female', 'Forearm', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mandible', 'Middle Aged', 'Mouth Mucosa', 'Mouth Neoplasms', 'Necrosis', 'Osteoradionecrosis', 'Speech Intelligibility', 'Surgical Flaps', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 1,468,916
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.095.147.725.052', 'E04.555.130', 'E04.936.580.052'], ['A01.378.800.585'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.632', 'A14.521.632'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A10.615.550.599', 'A14.549.512'], ['C04.588.443.591', 'C07.465.530'], ['C23.550.717'], ['C26.733.579', 'G01.750.748.500.579'], ['F01.145.209.908.677.610', 'G11.561.812.686'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Measuring public opinion on alcohol policy: a factor analytic study of a US probability sample.
|
Public opinion has been one factor affecting change in policies designed to reduce underage alcohol use. Extant research, however, has been criticized for using single survey items of unknown reliability to define adult attitudes on alcohol policy issues. The present investigation addresses a critical gap in the literature by deriving scales on public attitudes, knowledge, and concerns pertinent to alcohol policies designed to reduce underage drinking using a US probability sample survey of 7021 adults. Five attitudinal scales were derived from exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses addressing policies to: (1) regulate alcohol marketing, (2) regulate alcohol consumption in public places, (3) regulate alcohol distribution, (4) increase alcohol taxes, and (5) regulate youth access. The scales exhibited acceptable psychometric properties and were largely consistent with a rational framework which guided the survey construction.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Attitude to Health', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Health Policy', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Public Opinion', 'United States']
| 12,573,680
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['I01.655.500.608.400', 'I01.880.604.825.608.400', 'N03.623.500.608.428'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I01.880.630.548'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Techniques and "tricks": different uses of Foley catheter in cardiovascular surgery].
|
The use of Foley catheter is well established for bladder catheterization. The authors have used it, occasionally, in many unconventional ways to cope with difficult situations found at surgery. 1.Catastrophic haemorrhage during redo sternotomy. 2. Non touch technique for graft to aorta proximal anastomosis during CABG surgery in patients with heavily calcified aortas. 3. Proximal anastomosis of ventricle to pulmonary artery conduits, done with a beating heart. The use of this simple ''Colombo egg'' method has been useful to us in many difficult situations. It is safe and non expensive and should make part of everyone's surgical armamentarium.
|
['Anastomosis, Surgical', 'Aortic Diseases', 'Calcinosis', 'Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Catheterization', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Pulmonary Artery', 'Reoperation', 'Sternum']
| 15,895,124
|
[['E04.035'], ['C14.907.109'], ['C18.452.174.130'], ['E04.100.376', 'E04.928.220'], ['E02.148', 'E05.157'], ['A07.541.560'], ['C23.550.414'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A07.015.114.715'], ['E04.690'], ['A02.835.232.570.750']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The national landscape of deceased donor kidney transplantation for the highly sensitized: Transplant rates, waitlist mortality, and posttransplant survival under KAS.
|
Deceased donor kidney transplantation (DDKT) rates for highly sensitized (HS) candidates increased early after implementation of the Kidney Allocation System (KAS) in 2014. However, this may represent a bolus effect, and a granular investigation of the current state of DDKT for HS candidates remains lacking. We studied 270 722 DDKT candidates from the SRTR from 12/4/2011 to 12/3/2014 ("pre-KAS") and 12/4/2014 to 12/3/2017 ("post-KAS"), analyzing DDKT rates for HS candidates using adjusted negative binomial regression. Post-KAS, candidates with the highest levels of sensitization had an increased DDKT rate compared with pre-KAS (cPRA 98% adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR]:1.27 1.772.46 P = .001, cPRA 99% aIRR:3.18 4.365.98 P < .001, cPRA 99.5-99.9% aIRR:16.91 24.2934.89 P < .001, and cPRA 99.9%+ aIRR:8.79 11.5815.26 P < .001). To determine whether these changes produced more equitable access to DDKT, we compared DDKT rates of HS to non-HS candidates (cPRA 0-79%). Post-KAS, cPRA, 98% candidates had an equivalent DDKT rate (aIRR:0.65 0.941.36 , P = .8) to non-HS candidates, whereas 99% candidates had a higher DDKT rate (aIRR:1.19 1.682.38 , P = .02). Although cPRA 99.5-99.9% candidates had an increased DDKT rate (aIRR:2.46 3.504.98 , P < .001) compared to non-HS candidates, cPRA 99.9%+ candidates had a significantly lower DDKT rate (aIRR:0.29 0.400.56 , P < .001). KAS has improved access to DDKT for HS candidates, although substantial imbalance exists between cPRA 99.5-99.9% and 99.9%+ candidates.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Registries', 'Survival Rate', 'Tissue Donors', 'Waiting Lists']
| 30,372,592
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['M01.898'], ['N04.452.095.738']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Structural and immunochemical relatedness suggests a conserved pathogenicity motif for secondary cell wall polysaccharides in Bacillus anthracis and infection-associated Bacillus cereus.
|
Bacillus anthracis (Ba) and human infection-associated Bacillus cereus (Bc) strains Bc G9241 and Bc 03BB87 have secondary cell wall polysaccharides (SCWPs) comprising an aminoglycosyl trisaccharide repeat: ?4)-â-d-ManpNAc-(1?4)-â-d-GlcpNAc-(1?6)-á-d-GlcpNAc-(1?, substituted at GlcNAc residues with both á- and â-Galp. In Bc G9241 and Bc 03BB87, an additional á-Galp is attached to O-3 of ManNAc. Using NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and immunochemical methods, we compared these structures to SCWPs from Bc biovar anthracis strains isolated from great apes displaying "anthrax-like" symptoms in Cameroon (Bc CA) and C?te d'Ivoire (Bc CI). The SCWPs of Bc CA/CI contained the identical HexNAc trisaccharide backbone and Gal modifications found in Ba, together with the á-Gal-(1?3) substitution observed previously at ManNAc residues only in Bc G9241/03BB87. Interestingly, the great ape derived strains displayed a unique á-Gal-(1?3)-á-Gal-(1?3) disaccharide substitution at some ManNAc residues, a modification not found in any previously examined Ba or Bc strain. Immuno-analysis with specific polyclonal anti-Ba SCWP antiserum demonstrated a reactivity hierarchy: high reactivity with SCWPs from Ba 7702 and Ba Sterne 34F2, and Bc G9241 and Bc 03BB87; intermediate reactivity with SCWPs from Bc CI/CA; and low reactivity with the SCWPs from structurally distinct Ba CDC684 (a unique strain producing an SCWP lacking all Gal substitutions) and non-infection-associated Bc ATCC10987 and Bc 14579 SCWPs. Ba-specific monoclonal antibody EAII-6G6-2-3 demonstrated a 10-20 fold reduced reactivity to Bc G9241 and Bc 03BB87 SCWPs compared to Ba 7702/34F2, and low/undetectable reactivity to SCWPs from Bc CI, Bc CA, Ba CDC684, and non-infection-associated Bc strains. Our data indicate that the HexNAc motif is conserved among infection-associated Ba and Bc isolates (regardless of human or great ape origin), and that the number, positions and structures of Gal substitutions confer unique antigenic properties. The conservation of this structural motif could open a new diagnostic route in detection of pathogenic Bc strains.
|
['Animals', 'Bacillus anthracis', 'Bacillus cereus', 'Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular', 'Polysaccharides', 'Primates', 'Rabbits']
| 28,832,613
|
[['B01.050'], ['B03.300.390.400.158.218.151', 'B03.353.500.100.218.151', 'B03.510.100.100.218.151', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.151', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.151'], ['B03.300.390.400.158.218.252', 'B03.353.500.100.218.252', 'B03.510.100.100.218.252', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.252', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.252'], ['E05.196.867.519.550'], ['D09.698'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Clinical audit makes progress in care and teamwork.
|
Clinical audit should be about improving the delivery of care to patients as well as promoting multidisciplinary working in clinical teams. For clinical audit to move forward it must relate to, and be integrated with, four key areas: clinical effectiveness, the contracting process, patient-focused care and the development of clinical teams. This article discusses how users of health services can be helped to participate fully in clinical audit and its role in enhancing professional development of team members.
|
['Humans', 'Male', 'Nursing Audit', 'Patient Care Team', 'Patient-Centered Care', 'Quality Assurance, Health Care', 'State Medicine', 'United Kingdom']
| 8,826,366
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N04.761.700.250.520', 'N05.700.175.520'], ['N04.590.715'], ['N04.590.233.727.407'], ['N04.761.700', 'N05.700'], ['N03.349.550.902', 'N03.858'], ['Z01.542.363']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Embryotoxicity of T-2 toxin and secalonic acid in embryonic chicks varies with the site of administration.
|
A crucial role of the site of administration in the sensitivity of the alternative system using chick embryo for testing embryotoxicity was demonstrated by morphological evaluation of the effects of T-2 toxin and secalonic acid D, and by incorporation of [14C]sodium acetate radioactivity. Secalonic acid D, administered to 2-, 3-, and 4-day-old embryos in doses higher than 1 microgram produced mostly malformations of the face (bilateral cleft beak, microphthalmia) while the teratogenic effects of T-2 toxin were being limited to the embryonic trunk of 2-day-old embryos (rumplessness) after administering doses higher than 0.001 microgram. In case of subgerminal and intraamniotic injections, the doses of both mycotoxins needed for producing embryotoxic effects comparable to those obtained with the more commonly used yolk sac injections appeared to be lower by one and two orders of magnitude, respectively. The results stress the need of using the shortest transport channel of test substances from the site of application to the target tissues of the embryo, when the maximum sensitivity and reproducibility of the test system are to be expected.
|
['Age Factors', 'Animals', 'Chick Embryo', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'T-2 Toxin', 'Teratogens', 'Xanthenes', 'Xanthones', 'Yolk Sac']
| 1,440,417
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['B01.050'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D02.455.849.765.850.950.500', 'D04.345.891.950.500', 'D23.946.587.933.950.500'], ['D27.888.569.864'], ['D03.633.300.953'], ['D03.633.300.953.852'], ['A10.615.284.981', 'A16.254.750.981', 'A16.331.800']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Proteomic investigation of Vibrio alginolyticus challenged Caenorhabditis elegans revealed regulation of cellular homeostasis proteins and their role in supporting innate immune system.
|
Caenorhabditis elegans has been the preferred model system for many investigators to study pathogenesis. In the present investigation, regulation of C. elegans proteome was explored against V. alginolyticus infection using quantitative proteomics approach. Proteins were separated using 2D-DIGE and the differentially regulated proteins were identified using PMF and MALDI TOF/TOF analysis. The results thus obtained were validated using Western blotting for candidate proteins. The corresponding transcriptional regulation was quantified subsequently using real-time PCR. Interaction network for candidate proteins was predicted using search tool for the retrieval of interacting genes/proteins (STRING) and functional validation was performed using respective mutant strains. Out of the 25 proteins identified, 21 proteins appeared to be upregulated while four were downregulated. Upregulated proteins included those involved in stress-response (PDI-2, HSP-6), immune-response (protein kinase -18, GST-8) and energy-production (ATP-2) while proteins involved in structural maintenance (IFB-2) and lipid metabolism (SODH-1) were downregulated. The roles of these players in the host system during Vibrio infection was analyzed in vivo using wild type and mutant C. elegans. Survival assays using mutants lacking pdi-2, ire-1, and xbp-1 displayed enhanced susceptibility to V. alginolyticus. Cellular stress generated by V. alginolyticus was determined using ROS assay. This is the first report of proteome changes in C. elegans against V. alginolyticus challenge and highlights the significance of unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway during bacterial infection.
|
['Animals', 'Blotting, Western', 'Caenorhabditis elegans', 'Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins', 'Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional', 'Host-Pathogen Interactions', 'Immunity, Innate', 'Protein Interaction Maps', 'Proteome', 'Proteomics', 'Vibrio Infections', 'Vibrio alginolyticus']
| 25,044,714
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.400.875.660.250.250'], ['D12.776.419.500'], ['E05.196.401.250', 'E05.301.300.230'], ['G06.462', 'G16.527.200'], ['G12.450.564'], ['G03.493.750'], ['D12.776.817'], ['H01.158.201.843', 'H01.158.273.180.350.700', 'H01.158.273.343.350.700', 'H01.181.122.738'], ['C01.150.252.400.959'], ['B03.440.450.900.859.030', 'B03.660.250.830.830.030']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Finding a common motif of RNA sequences using genetic programming: the GeRNAMo system.
|
We focus on finding a consensus motif of a set of homologous or functionally related RNA molecules. Recent approaches to this problem have been limited to simple motifs, require sequence alignment, and make prior assumptions concerning the data set. We use genetic programming to predict RNA consensus motifs based solely on the data set. Our system -- dubbed GeRNAMo (Genetic programming of RNA Motifs) -- predicts the most common motifs without sequence alignment and is capable of dealing with any motif size. Our program only requires the maximum number of stems in the motif, and if prior knowledge is available the user can specify other attributes of the motif (e.g., the range of the motif's minimum and maximum sizes), thereby increasing both sensitivity and speed. We describe several experiments using either ferritin iron response element (IRE); signal recognition particle (SRP); or microRNA sequences, showing that the most common motif is found repeatedly, and that our system offers substantial advantages over previous methods.
|
['Algorithms', 'Amino Acid Motifs', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Computational Biology', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Ferritins', 'Humans', 'MicroRNAs', 'Models, Genetic', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Nucleic Acid Conformation', 'RNA', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Analysis, RNA']
| 17,975,271
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500', 'G02.111.570.820.709.600.500'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['D12.776.157.427.249', 'D12.776.556.579.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.570.820.486', 'G05.360.580'], ['D13.444.735'], ['E05.393.751'], ['E05.393.760.710']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Identification of type II and III DDR2 inhibitors.
|
Discoidin domain-containing receptors (DDRs) exhibit a unique mechanism of action among the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) because their catalytic activity is induced by extracellular collagen binding. Moreover, they are essential components in the assimilation of extracellular signals. Recently, DDRs were reported to be significantly linked to tumor progression in breast cancer by facilitating the processes of invasion, migration, and metastasis. Here, we report the successful development of a fluorescence-based, direct binding assay for the detection of type II and III DFG-out binders for DDR2. Using sequence alignments and homology modeling, we designed a DDR2 construct appropriate for fluorescent labeling. Successful assay development was validated by sensitive detection of a reference DFG-out binder. Subsequent downscaling led to convenient application to high-throughput screening formats. Screening of a representative compound library identified high-affinity DDR2 ligands validated by orthogonal activity-based assays, and a subset of identified compounds was further investigated with respect to DDR1 inhibition.
|
['Discoidin Domain Receptors', 'Drug Design', 'Fluorescence', 'High-Throughput Screening Assays', 'Ligands', 'Protein Kinase Inhibitors', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'Receptors, Mitogen', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 24,754,677
|
[['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.005', 'D12.776.543.750.630.005', 'D12.776.543.750.685.050', 'D12.776.543.750.705.880.300'], ['E05.290.500', 'H01.158.703.007.338.500', 'H01.181.466.338.500'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665.500', 'G01.590.540.665.500'], ['E05.916.680'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['D27.505.519.389.755'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400', 'D12.776.543.750.630'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.880'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
High-Resolution Scanning Electron Microscopy and Immuno-Gold Labeling of the Nuclear Lamina and Nuclear Pore Complex.
|
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is a technique used to image surfaces. Field emission SEMs (feSEMs) can resolve structures that are ~0.5-1.5 nm apart. FeSEM, therefore is a useful technique for imaging molecular structures that exist at surfaces such as membranes. The nuclear envelope consists of four membrane surfaces, all of which may be accessible for imaging. Imaging of the cytoplasmic face of the outer membrane gives information about ribosomes and cytoskeletal attachments, as well as details of the cytoplasmic peripheral components of the nuclear pore complex, and is the most easily accessed surface. The nucleoplasmic face of the inner membrane is easily accessible in some cells, such as amphibian oocytes, giving valuable details about the organization of the nuclear lamina and how it interacts with the nuclear pore complexes. The luminal faces of both membranes are difficult to access, but may be exposed by various fracturing techniques. Protocols are presented here for the preparation, labeling, and feSEM imaging of Xenopus laevis oocyte nuclear envelopes.
|
['Animals', 'Female', 'Gold', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Nuclear Envelope', 'Nuclear Lamina', 'Nuclear Pore', 'Oocytes', 'Staining and Labeling']
| 27,147,058
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.268.556.322', 'D01.268.956.186', 'D01.552.544.322'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['A11.284.149.165.630', 'A11.284.149.450.700', 'A11.284.430.106.279.692', 'A11.284.835.514.700'], ['A11.284.149.165.630.500', 'A11.284.430.106.279.345.700.700', 'A11.284.430.106.279.692.314', 'A11.284.835.514.700.500'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.692.630'], ['A05.360.490.690.680', 'A11.497.497.600'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670', 'E05.200.500.620.670', 'E05.200.750.600.670']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Decreased fibrinolytic activity in human atherosclerotic vessels.
|
Using a semi-quantitative, histochemical fibrin slide technique, plasminogen activator (PA) activity was determined in 65 atherosclerotic arteries obtained from 65 patients during surgery -42 during resection of the infrarenal part of the aorta, and 23 from a leg artery in patients undergoing a below-knee amputation. In 12 of the patients undergoing resection of the aorta, another specimen was obtained from a collateral artery free from atherosclerotic lesions. PA activity in the atherosclerotic aortic specimens was significantly decreased compared with that in collateral arteries, and low PA activity was also found in leg arteries.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Arteriosclerosis', 'Female', 'Fibrinolysis', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Plasminogen Activators']
| 6,538,086
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.907.137.126'], ['G09.188.390.150.390'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.635', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.635', 'D12.776.124.125.662']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Distinct roles of basal steady-state and induced H-ferritin in tumor necrosis factor-induced death in L929 cells.
|
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha is a cytokine capable of inducing caspase-dependent (apoptotic) cell death in some cells and caspase-independent (necrosis-like) cell death in others. Here, using a mutagenesis screen for genes critical in TNF-induced death in L929 cells, we have found that H-ferritin deficiency is responsible for TNF resistance in a mutant line and that, upon treatment with TNF, this line fails to elevate levels of labile iron pool (LIP), critical for TNF-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and ROS-dependent cell death. Since we found that TNF-induced LIP in L929 cells is primarily furnished by intracellular storage iron, the lesser induction of LIP in H-ferritin-deficient cells results from a reduction of intracellular iron storage caused by less H-ferritin. Different from some other cell lines, the H-ferritin gene in L929 cells is not TNF inducible; however, when H-ferritin is expressed in L929 cells under a TNF-inducible system, the TNF-induced LIP and subsequent ROS production and cell death were all prevented. Thus, LIP is a common denominator of ferritin both in the enhancement of cell death by basal steady-state H-ferritin and in protection against cell death by induced H-ferritin, thereby acting as a key determinant of TNF-induced cell death.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Base Sequence', 'Cell Line', 'Deferoxamine', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Ferritins', 'Iron', 'Iron Chelating Agents', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'NF-kappa B', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 16,024,802
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D02.092.570.394.265', 'D02.241.511.372.265'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D12.776.157.427.249', 'D12.776.556.579.249'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['D27.505.519.914.500.410', 'D27.720.832.500.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.