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Analysis of sequence-specific binding of RNA to Hsp70 and its various homologs indicates the involvement of N- and C-terminal interactions.
|
Members of the 70-kDa family of molecular chaperones assist in a number of molecular interactions that are essential under both normal and stress conditions. These functions require ATP and co-chaperone molecules and are associated with a cyclic transition of intramolecular conformational changes. As a new putative function, we have previously shown that mammalian Hsp/Hsc70 as well as a distant relative, Hsp110, selectively bind certain RNA sequences via their N-terminal ATP-binding domain. To investigate this phenomenon in more detail, here we examined RNA-binding affinity and specificity of various deletion mutants of human Hsp70. We demonstrate, that, although the N-terminal ATPase domain alone is sufficient for RNA binding, its binding affinity is considerably reduced when compared to that of the full-length protein. Additionally, we provide evidence that binding of RNA to a membrane-immobilized protein partner results in complete loss of RNA sequence specificity. Using various Hsp70 homologs, we show distinct RNA-binding properties of these proteins judged by sequence specificity, ribopolymer sensitivity, and northwestern analysis. Finally, we present data disclosing that RNA binding by DnaK, the Escherichia coli homolog, is influenced by the activity of its co-chaperones, DnaJ and GrpE. We conclude that the RNA-binding capability of this class of molecular chaperones is a conserved feature and it is strongly influenced by the structural and conformational properties. Furthermore, the notion that RNA binding of some Hsp70 family members is influenced by co-chaperones suggests an RNA-binding cycle resembling the protein-binding property of the chaperones.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphatases', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Binding Sites', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Conserved Sequence', 'Escherichia coli Proteins', 'HSP40 Heat-Shock Proteins', 'HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins', 'Heat-Shock Proteins', 'Humans', 'Molecular Chaperones', 'RNA', 'RNA-Binding Proteins']
| 11,720,291
|
[['D08.811.277.040.025'], ['D12.776.097'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D12.776.157'], ['G02.111.570.580'], ['D12.776.097.275'], ['D12.776.580.216.292'], ['D12.776.580.216.375'], ['D12.776.580.216'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.580'], ['D13.444.735'], ['D12.776.157.725', 'D12.776.664.962']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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|
Accessory limb production by nerve-induced cell proliferation.
|
The deviation of large limb nerves to a more proximal skin wound yielded a high proportion of accessory limb responses in different age groups of Ambystoma mexicanum (axolotls). In some instances the deviated nerve was positioned on skin previously grafted from an animal of different age and pigmentation from that of the host. Grafts were found not to be a necessary prerequisite for accessory limb induction, but the presence of wound epithelium was required. The rule of distal morphogenesis was expressed in reference to the level at which the nerve was cut, not in reference to the wound site where the accessory actually developed. The upper arm proved to be a more favorable site for accessory limb production than the flank or the leg under the conditions of the present experiments, in which little or no damage was done to the underlying muscles. The orientation of the accessory limb was extremely varied despite the uniformity of the surgical procedure.
|
['Ambystoma', 'Ambystoma mexicanum', 'Animals', 'Cell Division', 'Extremities', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Nerve Fibers', 'Regeneration', 'Schwann Cells', 'Skin Transplantation', 'Wound Healing']
| 3,291,642
|
[['B01.050.150.900.090.608.080.068'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.608.080.068.525'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['A01.378'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['A08.675.542', 'A11.671.501'], ['G16.762'], ['A08.637.800', 'A08.800.800.690', 'A11.650.800'], ['E02.095.147.725.700', 'E04.680.275.850', 'E04.936.580.700'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
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|
Clinical features and treatment of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia.
|
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by vascular dysplasia, including typically systemic telangiectases and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Due to its variable clinical manifestations, HHT patients often seek medical care from different medical subspecialties and thus experience delays in diagnosis and treatment.This study is designed to analyze the clinical features and treatment options for patients with HHT.Hospitalized patients with a definitive diagnosis of HHT from November 1973 to July 2016 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were identified after reviewing medical records and electronic databases. Further follow-up data of these patients were collected from outpatient clinical visits and/or telephone interviews.We identified a total of 20 patients, 7 males and 13 females. The mean age was 42.4 ± 20.3 years. Epistaxis (18/20) was the most common presentation, followed by telangiectases of the oral buccal mucosa, tongue and/or lips (14/20), pulmonary AVMs (12/19), hepatic AVMs (9/17), gastrointestinal telangiectases (9/9), and encephalic AVMs (1/12). The correct diagnosis of HHT was delayed on average by about 26.4 ± 17.0 years from the onset of HHT-related clinical signs and symptoms. Although epistaxis is usually presented in childhood (mean age 11 ± 7.1 years), gastrointestinal telangiectasia was often encountered in late middle age (mean age 55.4 ± 12.8 years). Bleeding and anemia were the most common complications. Molecular analysis was conducted in 4 patients. Only 1 patient was found to have a single-base deletion in ENG gene. The mean duration of follow-up of the patients was 41.8 months. The efficacy of locoregional therapy was of limited value and short-lived. Two patients were treated systemically with thalidomide, and their symptoms of epistaxis, melena, and anemia were notably improved.Patients with HHT have variable clinical characteristics, and their diagnoses were delayed on average by about 26 years. An experienced multidisciplinary team is needed for the early diagnosis and optimal management of patients with HHT. Thalidomide may be an effective choice to alleviate the bleeding symptoms of patients with HHT.
|
['Adult', 'Angiogenesis Inhibitors', 'Arteriovenous Malformations', 'Delayed Diagnosis', 'Epistaxis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mouth Mucosa', 'Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic', 'Telangiectasis', 'Thalidomide']
| 30,075,565
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.696.377.077.099', 'D27.505.696.377.450.100', 'D27.505.954.248.025'], ['C14.240.850.750', 'C14.907.150', 'C16.131.240.850.750'], ['E01.110', 'E02.760.273', 'N02.421.585.273'], ['C08.460.261', 'C09.603.261', 'C23.550.414.712', 'C23.888.852.040'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A10.615.550.599', 'A14.549.512'], ['C14.907.454.900', 'C14.907.823.780', 'C15.378.463.515.900', 'C16.131.240.850.968'], ['C14.907.823'], ['D02.241.223.805.810.800', 'D03.383.621.808.800', 'D03.633.100.513.750.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A complex network of RNA-RNA interactions controls subgenomic mRNA transcription in a tombusvirus.
|
Eukaryotic (+)-strand RNA viruses utilize a wide variety of gene expression strategies to achieve regulated production of their viral proteins. A common mechanism used by many is to transcribe viral subgenomic (sg) mRNAs. Transcription of sg mRNA2 in tombusviruses allows for expression of the p19 suppressor of gene silencing and p22 movement proteins. We have investigated the mechanism of transcription of this sg mRNA in Tomato bushy stunt virus and have determined that this process is facilitated by no less than three different RNA modules that are located throughout the viral genome. These RNA units perform distinct tasks and function via long-distance RNA-RNA interactions. Systematic deconstruction of the RNA network and analysis of related RNA promoter elements allowed us to identify fundamental properties necessary for productive sg mRNA2 transcription. Collectively, our results (i) establish specific roles for the different RNA components of a multipartite RNA-based control system, (ii) support a premature termination mechanism for tombusvirus sg mRNA transcription and (iii) reveal a close mechanistic relationship between sg mRNA transcription, viral RNA replication and RNA recombination.
|
['Base Pairing', 'Base Sequence', 'Down-Regulation', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Viral', 'Genetic Engineering', 'Genome, Viral', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'RNA Stability', 'RNA, Messenger', 'RNA, Viral', 'Tombusvirus', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Virus Replication']
| 15,282,544
|
[['G02.111.570.820.486.100', 'G02.111.611.500', 'G05.360.580.100'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['G05.308.385'], ['E05.393.420'], ['G05.360.340.358.840'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['G02.111.780'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['B04.715.810.870', 'B04.820.578.968.870'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Endosomal proteolysis of internalized insulin at the C-terminal region of the B chain by cathepsin D.
|
The endosomal compartment of hepatic parenchymal cells contains an acidic endopeptidase, endosomal acidic insulinase, which hydrolyzes internalized insulin and generates the major primary end product A(1--21)-B(1--24) insulin resulting from a major cleavage at residues Phe(B24)-Phe(B25). This study addresses the nature of the relevant endopeptidase activity in rat liver that is responsible for most receptor-mediated insulin degradation in vivo. The endosomal activity was shown to be aspartic acid protease cathepsin D (CD), based on biochemical similarities to purified CD in 1) the rate and site of substrate cleavage, 2) pH optimum, 3) sensitivity to pepstatin A, and 4) binding to pepstatin A-agarose. The identity of the protease was immunologically confirmed by removal of greater than 90% of the insulin-degrading activity associated with an endosomal lysate using polyclonal antibodies to CD. Moreover, the elution profile of the endosomal acidic insulinase activity on a gel-filtration TSK-GEL G3000 SW(XL) high performance liquid chromatography column corresponded exactly with the elution profile of the immunoreactive 45-kDa mature form of endosomal CD. Using nondenaturating immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting procedures, other endosomal aspartic acid proteases such as cathepsin E and beta-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme (BACE) were ruled out as candidate enzymes for the endosomal degradation of internalized insulin. Immunofluorescence studies showed a largely vesicular staining pattern for internalized insulin in rat hepatocytes that colocalized partially with CD. In vivo pepstatin A treatment was without any observable effect on the insulin receptor content of endosomes but augmented the phosphotyrosine content of the endosomal insulin receptor after insulin injection. These results suggest that CD is the endosomal acidic insulinase activity which catalyzes the rate-limiting step of the in vivo cleavage at the Phe(B24)-Phe(B25) bond, generating the inactive A(1--21)-B(1--24) insulin intermediate.
|
['Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases', 'Animals', 'Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases', 'Catalysis', 'Cathepsin D', 'Endopeptidases', 'Endosomes', 'Insulin', 'Male', 'Pepstatins', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptor, Insulin', 'Transport Vesicles']
| 11,779,865
|
[['D08.811.277.656.300.032'], ['B01.050'], ['D08.811.277.656.074.500', 'D08.811.277.656.300.048'], ['G02.130'], ['D08.811.277.656.074.500.180', 'D08.811.277.656.224.187', 'D08.811.277.656.300.048.180'], ['D08.811.277.656.300'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.880.337'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['D12.644.456.724'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.200', 'D12.776.543.750.630.484', 'D12.776.543.750.750.580.300'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.880']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Clinical role of albumin to globulin ratio in microscopic polyangiitis: a retrospective monocentric study.
|
We investigated whether albumin to globulin ratio (AGR) at diagnosis may be associated with all-cause mortality in immunosuppressive drug-na?ve patients with microscopic polyangiitis (MPA). We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 88 MPA patients, who were first classified and in whom medications was first initiated in our tertiary Hospital. We collected clinical and laboratory data as well as the rate of all-cause mortality. AGR at diagnosis was calculated as a ratio of serum albumin over globulin fraction (protein-albumin). We compared variables between survived and deceased patients. The multivariable Cox hazard model was conducted to appropriately obtain the hazard ratios (HRs). The mean age at diagnosis was 56.3 years and 24 patients (27.3%) were men. Seven patients died for the mean follow-up period of 49.7 months. Deceased patients were elder than survived patients (P = 0.048). Five factor score (FFS) (2009) (P = 0.001), creatinine (P = 0.026) and AGR (P = 0.007) at diagnosis in deceased patients were higher than those in the survived. In the multivariable Cox hazard model analysis, only AGR at diagnosis (HR 0.004) was inversely associated with all-cause mortality during the follow-up. Furthermore, when the cutoff of AGR for death was set as 0.88, patients with AGR ? 0.88 exhibited the lower cumulative patients survival rate than those with AGR > 0.88 (P = 0.006). Among the conventional and MPA-related risk factors for mortality, AGR at diagnosis is inversely associated with all-cause mortality during follow-up in MPA patients.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Microscopic Polyangiitis', 'Middle Aged', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Republic of Korea', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Serum Albumin', 'Serum Globulins']
| 30,218,289
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.300.275.600', 'C14.907.253.329.600', 'C14.907.940.897.249.500', 'C20.111.193.750'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['Z01.252.474.557.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['D12.776.034.841', 'D12.776.124.727'], ['D12.776.124.790', 'D12.776.377.715']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Surgical complications of multichannel cochlear implants in North America.
|
By paying careful attention to the details of surgical technique, many of the complications which have occurred to date may be avoided. Some, such as late electrode and receiver/stimulator migration, device failures, and late flap necrosis due to excessive magnetic forces cannot be avoided by the surgeon, but may be prevented by further advances in implant designs. Although the incidence of life-threatening complications is minimal, and that of major complications is acceptable, every effort should be made by the surgeon, audiologist and manufacturer to further diminish these problems.
|
['Adult', 'Child', 'Cochlear Implants', 'Humans', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prosthesis Design', 'Prosthesis Failure', 'Surgical Flaps', 'United States']
| 8,273,503
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E07.305.250.319.381.500.500', 'E07.695.150', 'E07.695.202.381.500.500', 'E07.814.458.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.320.550', 'E07.695.680'], ['C23.550.767.865', 'E05.325.771'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Molecular characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and its correlation with clinical laboratory standards institute interpretive criteria for disk diffusion susceptibility testing in enterobacteriaceae isolates in Thaialnd.
|
We performed extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) phenotypic testing and molecular characterization of three ESBL genes (TEM, SHV and CTX-M) and susceptibility testing by Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) disk diffusion method against three cephalosporins (ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefepime) and a cephamycin (cefoxitin) among 128 Thai Escherichia coli and 84 Thai Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates. ESBL production was discovered in 62% of E. coli and 43% of K. pneumoniae isolates. All isolates susceptible to ceftriaxone were ESBL-negative. Nearly all isolates non-susceptible to ceftriaxone, ceftazidime and cefepime produced ESBL; the presence of CTX-M genes in the isolates correlated with a ceftriaxone non-susceptible phenotype. Thirty-nine of 83 isolates (47%) of ceftazidime-susceptible E. coli and 50 of 99 isolates (50.5%) of cefepime-susceptible E. coli were ESBL-producing. SHV-type beta-lactamase genes were more prevalent among K. pneumoniae than E. coli isolates. CTX-M was the major ESBL gene harbored by ESBL-producers in both E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates. Non-CTX-M ESBL-producers were found only among K. pneumoniae isolates. This study reveals an increase in ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae among Thai isolates and demonstrates gaps in the current CLSI disk diffusion susceptibility guidelines; it indicates the results of ceftazidime and cefepime disk diffusion susceptibility testing using CLSI criteria should be interpreted with caution.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Cephalosporins', 'Cephamycins', 'Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests', 'Enterobacteriaceae', 'Humans', 'Klebsiella pneumoniae', 'Molecular Medicine', 'Reference Standards', 'Thailand', 'beta-Lactamases']
| 23,413,710
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D02.065.589.099.249', 'D02.886.665.074', 'D03.633.100.300.249'], ['D02.065.589.099.249.250', 'D02.886.665.074.250', 'D03.633.100.300.249.250'], ['E01.370.225.875.595.399', 'E05.200.875.595.399'], ['B03.440.450.425', 'B03.660.250.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B03.440.450.425.425.600', 'B03.660.250.150.400.590'], ['H01.158.201.636.475', 'H01.158.273.343.595.475', 'H01.181.122.650.475', 'H02.403.530'], ['E05.978.808'], ['Z01.252.145.841'], ['D08.811.277.087.180']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Effects of profound hemodilution on small-intestinal wound healing in rabbits.
|
BACKGROUND: Wound healing is influenced by tissue oxygen tension and blood perfusion, but not by moderate anemia or hemodilution. The effect of perioperative profound hemodilution on small-intestinal wound healing remains unclear.METHODS: We performed jejunectomy followed by end-to-end anastomosis in rabbits subjected to a variety of perioperative hemodilutions: HD((HES)), hemodiluted with hydroxyethylstarch; HD((P+HES)), hemodiluted with autologous plasma and hydroxyethylstarch; HD((HES))/R, hemodiluted with hydroxyethylstarch and retransfused afterward. Intraoperative hemoglobin levels were 5 g 100 ml(-1). On Postoperative Day 5, the tensile strength (TS) of the anastomosis was measured and histological specimen was obtained. The time courses of hemoglobin, serum albumin (Alb), plasma fibrinogen (Fbg), and plasma activity of factor XIII (F XIII) were measured.RESULTS: TS in HD((HES))/R (236.0 +/- 52.2 gf) was similar to that in control (266.5 +/- 41.6 gf); however, TS in HD((HES)) (179.8 +/- 17.9 gf) and HD((P+HES)) (165.5 +/- 14.7 gf) decreased significantly. The histological findings in HD((HES))/R were similar to those of control, whereas they demonstrated a delayed healing process in HD((HES)) and HD((P+HES)). Hemoglobin levels were still lower on Postoperative Day 5 in HD((HES)) and HD((P+HES)), but increased to 10.0 g 100 ml(-1) after retransfusion in HD((HES))/R. Hemodilution caused significant decreases in Alb, Fbg, and F XIII, but the values after retransfusion in HD((HES))/R were similar to postoperative values in HD((P+HES)).CONCLUSION: Intraoperative profound hemodilution does not interfere with small-intestinal wound healing as long as postoperative hemoglobin levels were maintained above 10 g 100 ml(-1). Postoperative levels of other plasma constituents may not influence wound healing.
|
['Anastomosis, Surgical', 'Animals', 'Blood Transfusion, Autologous', 'Factor XIII', 'Fibrinogen', 'Hemodilution', 'Hemoglobins', 'Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives', 'Intestine, Small', 'Jejunum', 'Plasma Substitutes', 'Rabbits', 'Serum Albumin', 'Tensile Strength', 'Wound Healing']
| 11,421,611
|
[['E04.035'], ['B01.050'], ['E02.095.135.164'], ['D08.622.505', 'D12.776.124.125.475', 'D12.776.811.243.505', 'D23.119.475'], ['D12.776.124.050.250', 'D12.776.124.125.500', 'D12.776.811.300', 'D23.119.490'], ['E02.514'], ['D12.776.124.400', 'D12.776.422.316.762'], ['D09.301.915.500', 'D09.698.365.855.500'], ['A03.556.124.684'], ['A03.556.124.684.500', 'A03.556.249.750'], ['D27.505.954.502.140.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['D12.776.034.841', 'D12.776.124.727'], ['G01.374.850'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Repeated exposure to one song leads to a rapid and persistent decline in an immediate early gene's response to that song in zebra finch telencephalon.
|
Conspecific song induces a prompt increase in the expression of the zenk gene in the caudo-medial neostriatum (NCM), a part of the auditory telencephalon of songbirds. To test the hypothesis that zenk gene induction in NCM is related to the acquisition of new song-related memories, we presented adult male zebra finches with repeated playbacks of one song. In response, zenk mRNA levels in NCM increased for the first 30 min, but then declined back to baseline levels despite continued stimulation with the same song. When a novel song was then introduced, however, a full zenk response was triggered once again. Even when a full day had passed between the last exposure to a song and the testing period, the song that had been rendered "familiar" by repetition caused no zenk response, whereas a novel song caused a full response. Quantitative analysis indicates that individual cells in NCM must have undergone a selective loss in their zenk responsiveness to the repeated song, while still maintaining their ability to respond to the novel song. These results support the hypothesis that the induction of zenk is related to the formation of long-term memories. Analysis of the stimulus-specific modulation of zenk responses, coupled with appropriate behavioral assays, should provide insight into neural mechanisms responsible for the discrimination and storage of complex perceptual information.
|
['Animal Communication', 'Animals', 'Birds', 'Corpus Striatum', 'Gene Expression', 'Genes, Immediate-Early', 'Male', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Time Factors', 'Vocalization, Animal']
| 7,472,448
|
[['F01.145.113.055'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.248'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487'], ['G05.297'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.330', 'G05.360.340.024.340.364.875.345', 'G05.360.340.358.024.875.345', 'G05.360.340.358.840.500.345'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['G01.910.857'], ['F01.145.113.055.800']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Subcutaneous ovarian tissue transplantation in nonhuman primates: duration of endocrine function and normalcy of subsequent offspring as demonstrated by reproductive competence, oocyte production, and telomere length.
|
PURPOSE: The main purposes of the study were to investigate the endocrine function of ovarian tissue transplanted to heterotopic subcutaneous sites and the reproductive competence and telomere length of a nonhuman primate originating from transplanted tissue.METHODS: Ovarian cortex pieces were transplanted into the original rhesus macaques in the arm subcutaneously, in the abdomen next to muscles, or in the kidney. Serum estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) concentrations were measured weekly for up to 8 years following tissue transplantation. A monkey derived from an oocyte in transplanted ovarian tissue entered time-mated breeding and underwent controlled ovarian stimulation. Pregnancy and offspring were evaluated. Telomere lengths and oocytes obtained following controlled ovarian stimulation were assessed.RESULTS: Monkeys with transplants in the arm and abdomen had cyclic E2 of 100 pg/ml, while an animal with arm transplants had E2 of 50 pg/ml. One monkey with transplants in the abdomen and kidney had ovulatory cycles for 3 years. A monkey derived from an oocyte in transplanted tissue conceived and had a normal gestation until intrapartum fetal demise. She conceived again and delivered a healthy offspring at term. Controlled ovarian stimulations of this monkey yielded mature oocytes comparable to controls. Her telomere length was long relative to controls.CONCLUSIONS: Heterotopic ovarian tissue transplants yielded long-term endocrine function in macaques. A monkey derived from an oocyte in transplanted tissue was reproductively competent. Her telomere length did not show epigenetically induced premature cellular aging. Ovarian tissue transplantation to heterotopic sites for fertility preservation should move forward cautiously, yet optimistically.
|
['Animals', 'Cryopreservation', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Fertility Preservation', 'Macaca mulatta', 'Oocytes', 'Ovarian Follicle', 'Ovary', 'Ovulation Induction', 'Pregnancy', 'Progesterone', 'Reproduction', 'Telomere Homeostasis']
| 28,942,525
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160', 'E02.792.156', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160', 'E05.760.156'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['E02.875.800.625', 'E04.936.537.562', 'E05.820.800.625'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510.550'], ['A05.360.490.690.680', 'A11.497.497.600'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.535', 'A06.300.312.497.535'], ['A05.360.319.114.630', 'A05.360.576.497', 'A06.300.312.497'], ['E02.875.800.984', 'E05.820.800.984'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750'], ['G08.686.784'], ['G04.144.220.625', 'G04.161.750.500.500', 'G05.113.610', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The facial nerve: how to find it.
|
Iatrogenic facial paralysis is one of the most serious and most dreaded complications of temporal bone surgery. The risk of this complication as well as the duration of surgery can be reduced if the otologic surgeon can promptly identify the facial nerve at any stage of an operation. This is especially important in cases of anatomic variation and pathology which obscures or distorts normal anatomy. Twelve different surgical techniques will be described which allow the surgeon to safely expose and identify the facial nerve throughout its course through the temporal bone at any stage of an operation.
|
['Cholesteatoma', 'Ear, Middle', 'Facial Nerve', 'Facial Paralysis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mastoid', 'Temporal Bone', 'Tympanic Membrane']
| 8,269,874
|
[['C17.800.428.260'], ['A09.246.397'], ['A08.800.050.050.275', 'A08.800.050.600.149', 'A08.800.800.060.275', 'A08.800.800.120.250'], ['C07.465.327', 'C10.597.622.214', 'C23.888.592.636.214'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.781.885.444'], ['A02.835.232.781.885'], ['A09.246.272.702']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Modified NEWS as a Safe and Inventive Approach for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor near the Esophagogastric Junction].
|
Laparoscopy and endoscopy cooperative surgery(LECS)is an excellent surgical procedure that utilizes the advantages of both methods. Furthermore, non-exposed endoscopic wall-inversion surgery(NEWS)is a more promising procedure that enables avoidance of tumor exposure of and dissemination to the abdominal cavity. However, NEWS has the potential risk of postoperative ulceration, leading to delayed perforation because of mucosal defect. We invented a modified NEWS, which was a safe procedure, by including the all-layer suture to close the mucosal defect. We present a case of gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST)near the esophagogastric junction, which was treated with modified NEWS.
|
['Esophagogastric Junction', 'Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors', 'Humans', 'Laparoscopy', 'Stomach Neoplasms']
| 30,692,315
|
[['A03.556.875.500.414', 'A03.556.875.875.330'], ['C04.557.450.565.370', 'C06.301.371.308', 'C06.405.249.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
3C protein of feline coronavirus inhibits viral replication independently of the autophagy pathway.
|
Feline coronavirus (FCoV) can cause either asymptomatic enteric infection or fatal peritonitis in cats. Although the mutation of FCoV accessory gene 3c has been suggested to be related to the occurrence of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), how the 3C protein is involved in this phenomenon remains unknown. To investigate the role of the 3C protein, a full-length 3c gene was transiently expressed and the cytoplasmic distribution of the protein was found to be primarily in the perinuclear region. Using 3c-stable expression cells, the replication of a 3c-defective FCoV strain was titrated and a significant decrease in replication (p<0.05) was observed. The mechanism underlying the decreased FIPV replication caused by the 3C protein was further investigated; neither the induction nor inhibition of autophagy rescued the viral replication. Taken together, our data suggest that the 3C protein might have a virulence-suppressing effect in FCoV-infected cats. Deletion of the 3c gene could therefore cause more efficient viral replication, which leads to a fatal infection.
|
['Animals', 'Autophagy', 'Cats', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Coronavirus 3C Proteases', 'Coronavirus, Feline', 'Cysteine Endopeptidases', 'Feline Infectious Peritonitis', 'Female', 'Male', 'Virulence', 'Virus Replication']
| 24,050,534
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.011'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['A11.251'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.108.500', 'D08.811.277.656.979.250.500', 'D12.776.964.900.500.500.500'], ['B04.820.578.500.540.150.075.500.375'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200'], ['C01.925.782.600.550.200.360', 'C22.180.440'], ['G06.930'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A note on permutation tests of significance for multiple regression coefficients.
|
In the vast majority of psychological research utilizing multiple regression analysis, asymptotic probability values are reported. This paper demonstrates that asymptotic estimates of standard errors provided by multiple regression are not always accurate. A resampling permutation procedure is used to estimate the standard errors. In some cases the results differ substantially from the traditional least squares regression estimates.
|
['Educational Measurement', 'Humans', 'Psychology', 'Regression Analysis', 'Teaching']
| 17,564,207
|
[['I02.399'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.096.628'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['I02.903']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Morphology of accessory genital glands of spotted paca (Agouti paca Linnaeus, 1766).
|
The spotted paca is the second largest rodent in Brazil, where it is of great economic interest in impoverished regions in view of its prominence as a low-cost source of protein. Little is known about the morphology of the accessory genital glands of this species. Thus, we studied the position and morphology of the genitals in ten adult male spotted pacas. The animals were divided into two groups, five animals were used for fixing of samples in 10% aqueous formaldehyde for macroscopic studies and the other five animals were designated for microscopic analysis. These were arranged in pairs and had the vesicular, prostate, coagulating and bulbourethral glands identified, being structured as mucous glands, which lead into the pelvic urethra. It was concluded that the accessory genital glands found in the paca are the same as those found in most rodents, showing similar histological aspects.
|
['Animals', 'Bulbourethral Glands', 'Genitalia, Male', 'Male', 'Organ Size', 'Prostate', 'Rodentia', 'Testis', 'Urethra']
| 24,461,579
|
[['B01.050'], ['A05.360.444.123', 'A10.336.197'], ['A05.360.444'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['A05.360.444.575', 'A10.336.707'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992'], ['A05.360.444.849', 'A05.360.576.782', 'A06.300.312.782'], ['A05.360.444.492.726', 'A05.810.876']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Reduced expression of flavocytochrome b558, a component of the NADPH oxidase complex, in neutrophils from patients with myelodysplasia.
|
OBJECTIVE: Patients with myelodysplasia (MDS) show a disturbed production of ROS in response to N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP) in granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-primed neutrophils. Because generation of ROS is mediated by the NADPH oxidase complex, a component of which is flavocytochrome b558, we investigated whether the expression of flavocytochrome b558 in neutrophils from MDS patients is affected.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Neutrophils were stimulated with fMLP and GM-CSF, and plasma membrane expression of flavocytochrome b558 and specific granule markers were assessed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. Protein levels of the flavocytochrome b558 subunits gp91phox and p22phox in whole neutrophil lysates were detected by Western blotting.RESULTS: Stimulation of neutrophils with GM-CSF and fMLP increased the flavocytochrome b558 plasma membrane expression. The fMLP-induced translocation of flavocytochrome b558 was reduced in neutrophils from MDS patients (140%+/-9% vs 180%+/-13%, p<0.05). Analysis of cell surface expression of markers of flavocytochrome b558 containing granules (CD35 and CD66b) indicated that exocytosis of these granules in response to fMLP stimulation was not affected in MDS patients. Western blot analysis demonstrated a decreased protein expression level of the flavocytochrome b558 subunits gp91phox and p22phox in neutrophils from MDS patients.CONCLUSION: Our results indicate both a lower basal protein level and a disturbed fMLP-induced increase in plasma membrane expression of flavocytochrome b558 in neutrophils from MDS patients, which together might play a role in decreased ROS production.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cytochrome b Group', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myelodysplastic Syndromes', 'N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine', 'NADPH Oxidases', 'Neutrophil Activation', 'Neutrophils', 'Reactive Oxygen Species']
| 12,962,720
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D08.244.187', 'D12.776.422.220.187'], ['G05.308.320'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.240.375', 'D12.776.395.240.300', 'D12.776.467.374.410.240.375', 'D23.529.374.410.240.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C15.378.190.625'], ['D02.886.030.676.450.440', 'D12.125.072.050.685.445', 'D12.125.142.666.500', 'D12.125.166.676.450.440', 'D12.644.456.400', 'D23.125.685'], ['D08.811.682.608.575', 'D12.776.331.894', 'D12.776.543.653'], ['G12.604'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Food allergy in childhood].
|
Food allergies can result in life-threatening reactions and diminish quality of life. The prevalence of food allergies has increased in several regions throughout the world. A few food allergens cover the majority of food-related reactions (milk, egg, wheat, soy, fish, crustacean, nuts and peanut). Immunological mechanisms range between IgE-mediated (most common) and non-IgE-mediated, the latter of which remaining often a clue in the diagnosis. Treatment of food allergy involves strict avoidance of the trigger food. Medications help to manage symptoms of disease, but currently, there is no cure for food allergy.
|
['Allergens', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Food Hypersensitivity', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin E']
| 23,179,672
|
[['D23.050.063'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E01.171'], ['C20.543.480.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.312', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.312', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.312']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Cessation of Ureteral Colic Does Not Necessarily Mean that a Ureteral Stone Has Been Expelled.
|
PURPOSE: We evaluated whether cessation of renal colic is consistent with an expelled ureteral stone or whether imaging may be indicated even in the absence of symptoms.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of patients who presented to our institution with acute renal colic and ureteral stone, and were subsequently evaluated at a followup visit where they reported complete cessation of pain for at least 72 hours.RESULTS: Study inclusion criteria were met by 52 patients, who reported no pain for at least 72 hours at the time of the followup visit. A persistent ureteral stone was demonstrated in 14 of the 52 patients (26%) although they denied any associated symptoms. Multivariate logistic regression did not show an association between stone size or location and the likelihood of passage in this cohort.CONCLUSIONS: Cessation of pain was associated with ureteral stone passage in almost 75% of this study cohort but 26% of patients still had persistent ureteral stones. We recommend routine followup imaging in all patients with ureteral stones to document stone passage and avoid the risks of silent ureteral obstruction.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Asymptomatic Diseases', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Renal Colic', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Ureter', 'Ureteral Calculi', 'Ureteral Obstruction']
| 29,107,030
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.291.187'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.888.592.612.972', 'C23.888.721', 'F02.830.816.444.850', 'G11.561.790.444.850'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['A05.810.776'], ['C12.777.725.938.500', 'C12.777.967.374.500', 'C12.777.967.500.851', 'C13.351.968.725.938.500', 'C13.351.968.967.374.500', 'C13.351.968.967.500.851', 'C23.300.175.850.750'], ['C12.777.725.776', 'C13.351.968.725.776']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of dietary intake and protease inhibitors on serum vitamin B12 levels in a cohort of human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients.
|
The dietary intake of micronutrients and serum micronutrient status have been topics of concern in relation to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) progression. Most data, however, were collected prior to the introduction of protease inhibitors (PIs). We analyzed dietary intake and serum values of vitamin B(12), including the effect of PIs, in a cohort of persons with HIV infection. During intervals with no PI use, each 1 microg/day increase in B(12) intake was associated with a 1.06 pg/mL increase in serum B(12) levels. However, during intervals with PI use, each 1 microg/day increase in intake was associated with only a 0.12 increase in serum B(12) levels. Adequate serum B(12) levels (>350 pg/mL) cannot be assumed even in the presence of PIs, and dietary supplementation may not be adequate to significantly increase serum B(12) levels. Serum B(12) levels should be determined yearly in persons with HIV infection, regardless of whether they are receiving PI treatment.
|
['Adult', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'HIV Protease Inhibitors', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Nutrition Assessment', 'Vitamin B 12']
| 12,942,386
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.900.500', 'D27.505.954.122.388.077.088.420'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.585', 'N05.715.360.300.560', 'N06.850.505.557', 'N06.850.520.308.585'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.437.777', 'D03.633.400.909.437.777', 'D04.345.783.437.777']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Clinical Validation of Quality Improvements Using the Six Sigma Concept: A Case Study for Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease.
|
BACKGROUND: The Six Sigma concept allows for the evaluation of quality changes after the implementation of new technical equipment or adjustment of perioperative procedures. Exemplarily, we applied this method for quality assessment in deep brain stimulation surgery (DBS) for Parkinson's disease.METHODS: The medical procedure and possible errors were registered. Then, 6 critical-to-quality characteristics regarding clinical outcome, surgical precision, and the surgical process were measured. The surgical procedure was then optimized in 2 steps, and its measurement, along with the analysis, was repeated twice.RESULTS: By optimizing perioperative settings, the operation time could be reduced, and the precision of the lead placement could be increased. Clinical outcome, as measured by improvement in UPDRS-III, IV, and reduction of medication could also be improved with smaller required stimulation voltage. With directional leads considerable reduction of medication was achieved in 97% of patients (ó-value 3.39) compared to 83.7% (ó-value 2.53) with nondirectional leads.CONCLUSION: This study shows that the Six Sigma concept is a suitable quality tool to analyze and improve treatment quality of complex medical procedures such as lead positioning in DBS surgery in clinical routine. Our results suggest that directional leads in subthalamic nucleus DBS may have a favorable impact on patients' outcome.
|
['Aged', 'Deep Brain Stimulation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Operative Time', 'Parkinson Disease', 'Quality Improvement', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Subthalamic Nucleus', 'Total Quality Management', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 31,553,992
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.331.300', 'E04.190'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.614.374.500', 'N02.421.585.753.374.500'], ['C10.228.140.079.862.500', 'C10.228.662.600.400', 'C10.574.928.750'], ['J01.293.754', 'N04.761.744'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['A08.186.211.200.317.800.800'], ['N04.452.955', 'N04.761.700.675', 'N05.700.792'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Community response to noise in Vietnam: exposure-response relationships based on the community tolerance level.
|
Social surveys on noise annoyance have been conducted in five different cities in Vietnam. The surveys included both aircraft noise (three airports) and road traffic noise (five cities). The main objective for these studies was to establish dose-response functions that were representative for Vietnam. The results have been compared with results from similar surveys from other regions. Dose-response functions for aircraft noise in Vietnam showing the percentage of highly annoyed people versus the noise level are nearly identical to those presented in the European Noise Directive [European Commission (2002). http://ec.europa.eu/environment/noise/directive.htm]. For road traffic noise, however, the results indicate that people in Vietnam are more tolerant. The noise levels can be increased by 5-10 dB in order to have a response similar to the curve recommended by the European Commission.
|
['Acoustics', 'Aircraft', 'Automobiles', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Irritable Mood', 'Male', 'Noise, Transportation', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Urban Health', 'Vibration', 'Vietnam']
| 25,994,692
|
[['H01.671.031'], ['J01.937.285.100'], ['J01.937.500.100'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['F01.470.047.110'], ['N06.230.400.550', 'N06.850.460.610.680'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['N01.400.548.875'], ['G01.374.930'], ['Z01.252.145.945']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Survival and Safety Outcomes of ICU Patients Discharged Directly Home-A Direct From ICU Sent Home Study.
|
OBJECTIVES: Evaluate outcomes (mortality, morbidity, unplanned return visits) of patients who are discharged directly to home from the ICU.DESIGN: Prospective cohort study.SETTING: Two tertiary care medical-surgical-trauma ICUs at Canadian hospitals over 1 year (February 2016-2017).SUBJECTS: All adult patients who were either discharged directly to home (Recruited and Nonrecruited cohorts) from ICU or discharged home within 24 hours after ward transfer (Ward Transfer cohort).INTERVENTIONS: Direct discharge home from ICU or discharge home within 24 hours of ward transfer from ICU.MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: One-hundred ninety-eight patients were in the study, 100 patients in the discharged directly to home Recruited arm, 37 patients in the discharged directly to home Nonrecruited arm, and 61 patients in the Ward cohort. All three patient cohorts had 0% mortality at 8 weeks post discharge. The unplanned return visit rate for the Recruited cohort was 24% (emergency department 18%, Ward 4%, ICU 1%), whereas the rate for the Nonrecruited cohort was 52% (emergency department 34%, Ward 14%, ICU 3%) and the Ward Transfer cohort was 46% (emergency department 17%, Ward 26%, ICU 3%) (p = 0.005). No home support was available for 7% of the discharged directly to home Recruited cohort. Twenty-four percent of patients had funded home care nursing, but the majority of patients (81%) relied on help from friends/family.CONCLUSIONS: Recruited discharged directly to home patients experienced very good 8-week postdischarge outcomes with 0% mortality and a low rate of ICU readmission (1%) or ward readmission (4%), but not an insignificant rate of emergency department visits (18%). Recruited discharged directly to home patients had better outcomes compared with nonrecruited discharged directly to home patients and patients transferred briefly to the ward prior to discharge home. Future work should include derivation of a clinical prediction tool to identify patient characteristics that make discharged directly to home safe and a randomized control trial to compare discharged directly to home with short stay ward transfers.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intensive Care Units', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mortality', 'Patient Discharge', 'Patient Readmission', 'Prospective Studies', 'Survival Analysis', 'Tertiary Care Centers']
| 29,494,475
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.388.493'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.550', 'N01.224.935.698', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550'], ['E02.760.169.125', 'E02.760.400.610', 'N02.421.585.169.125', 'N02.421.585.400.610', 'N04.590.233.727.210.125'], ['E02.760.400.620', 'N02.421.585.400.620'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['N02.278.421.830']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A case-control study of microenvironmental risk factors for urban visceral leishmaniasis in a large city in Brazil, 1999-2000.
|
OBJECTIVES: We investigated potential microenvironmental risk factors for visceral leishmaniasis in urban and suburban areas, and developed risk scores to characterize the household and the neighborhood. These scores may be useful to identify microenvironments within cities that place residents at greater risk of visceral leishmaniasis.METHODS: In this case-control study, cases were all persons with visceral leishmaniasis reported from July 1999 through December 2000 in the Belo Horizonte metropolitan area, Brazil. Two kinds of controls-neighborhood and hospital-were used. Cases and controls were matched by age (+/-2 years). We developed four scores to characterize the microenvironment (indoor, outdoor, animal indoor, and animal outdoor), and also considered the level of urbanization of the area.RESULTS: A total of 106 neighborhood controls and 60 hospital controls were identified for 109 cases. Among the cases, 69 (63.3%) were men and 40 (36.7%) were women. Most cases were under 15 years old (64.2%), and 39 (35.8%) were 15 years old or more. The outdoor score [odds ratio (OR) = 1.49; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03-2.14] and animal outdoor scores (OR = 1.79[95% CI 1.21-2.65]) were significantly associated with the odds of visceral leishmaniasis in our sample. We also found a significant interaction between sex and age. Compared to females 15 years old or more, males 15 years old or more were more likely to have visceral leishmaniasis (OR = 7.02[95% CI 2.20-22.20]).CONCLUSIONS: Animals in the neighborhood were associated with a greater odds of visceral leishmaniasis. Cases were more likely than controls to live in transitional or rural areas, although this difference was not statistically significant, possibly because of the small sample size.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Brazil', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Environment', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Leishmaniasis, Visceral', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Risk Factors', 'Urban Population']
| 17,341,327
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['G16.500.275', 'N06.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.610.752.300.500.510', 'C01.920.813.510'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N01.600.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Estimation of rat mammary tumor volume using caliper and ultrasonography measurements.
|
Mammary tumors similar to those observed in women can be induced in rats by intraperitoneal administration of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea. Determining tumor volume is a useful and quantitative way to monitor tumor progression. In this study, the authors measured dimensions of rat mammary tumors using a caliper and using real-time compound B-mode ultrasonography. They then used different formulas to calculate tumor volume from these tumor measurements and compared the calculated tumor volumes with the real tumor volume to identify the formulas that gave the most accurate volume calculations. They found that caliper and ultrasonography measurements were significantly correlated but that tumor volumes calculated using different formulas varied substantially. Mammary tumors seemed to take on an oblate spheroid geometry. The most accurate volume calculations were obtained using the formula V = (W(2) ? L)/2 for caliper measurements and the formula V = (4/3) ? ð ? (L/2) ? (L/2) ? (D/2) for ultrasonography measurements, where V is tumor volume, W is tumor width, L is tumor length and D is tumor depth.
|
['Animals', 'Female', 'Mammary Neoplasms, Animal', 'Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental', 'Methylnitrosourea', 'Physical Examination', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Tumor Burden', 'Ultrasonography']
| 23,689,461
|
[['B01.050'], ['C04.588.531', 'C22.520'], ['C04.588.531.500', 'C04.619.590', 'E05.598.500.496.843'], ['D02.065.950.594.490', 'D02.654.692.480'], ['E01.370.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.041.124.892'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Pyruvoyl-dependent histidine decarboxylase from Lactobacillus 30a. Covalent modifications of aspartic acid 191, lysine 155, and the pyruvoyl group.
|
The pyruvoyl-dependent histidine decarboxylase from Lactobacillus 30a is rapidly inactivated by incubation with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide and glycine ethyl ester. On 90% of inactivation, 1.3 residues of [14C]glycine ethyl ester are incorporated per alpha subunit; nearly 60% of this is linked to the beta-carboxyl group of Asp-191. Histamine, a competitive inhibitor, protects against this inactivation. The KM value of the modified enzyme for histidine (6.2 mM) is much higher than that of the unmodified enzyme (KM = 0.4 mM); catalytic activity is reduced but not eliminated. Thus, Asp-191 is the most reactive accessible carboxyl group under these conditions and is close to the substrate-binding site, but apparently is not essential for catalysis. At pH 8.0, fluorodinitrobenzene inactivates histidine decarboxylase completely with the incorporation of two dinitrophenyl residues/alpha subunit; the modified residues are Lys-155 and Cys-228. Urocanic acid, a competitive inhibitor, protects against inactivation. Treatment with mercaptoethanol restores the free -SH of Cys-228 but does not restore activity. Conversion of Cys-228 to its cyano derivative slows but does not prevent dinitrophenylation of Lys-155; the resulting derivative is catalytically inactive. Thus, Lys-155 is located within the active site and may play an essential role in catalysis. Finally, histidine methyl ester was shown to inhibit this decarboxylase by forming a Schiff's base with the essential pyruvoyl group.
|
['Aspartic Acid', 'Carboxy-Lyases', 'Ethyldimethylaminopropyl Carbodiimide', 'Glycine', 'Histidine Decarboxylase', 'Kinetics', 'Lactobacillus', 'Lysine', 'Pyruvates']
| 3,082,865
|
[['D12.125.067.500', 'D12.125.119.170', 'D12.125.427.040'], ['D08.811.520.224.125'], ['D02.491.203.425'], ['D12.125.481'], ['D08.811.520.224.125.300'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['B03.353.750.450.475', 'B03.510.460.400.410.475.475', 'B03.510.550.450.475'], ['D12.125.068.555', 'D12.125.095.647', 'D12.125.142.497'], ['D02.241.755.812']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Perioperative administration of recombinant human erythropoietin in colorectal cancer surgery. A prospective, randomized, double-blind placebo controlled study].
|
One hundred patients scheduled for elective colo-rectal cancer surgery, and with a preoperative haemoglobin level < or = 8.5 mmol/l were included. Eighty-one patients could be evaluated. Thirty-eight patients received r-HuEPO in a dose of 300 IU/kg body weight on day four before surgery and 150 IU/kg, daily, for the following seven days, and 43 patients received placebo. In addition, all patients received daily doses of 200 mg iron, orally, for four days before surgery. On the day of surgery and until discharge the haemoglobin concentration was significantly higher in the erythropoietin group compared to the placebo group. The number of blood transfusions given was significantly lower in the erythropoietin group with a mean of 0.3 units per patient (0-6) compared to 1.6 units (0-9) in the control group (p < 0.05). The clinical implications of these findings has yet to be assessed.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Blood Loss, Surgical', 'Blood Transfusion', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Erythropoietin', 'Female', 'Hemoglobins', 'Humans', 'Intraoperative Care', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Rectal Neoplasms', 'Transfusion Reaction']
| 10,680,473
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.414.300', 'C23.550.505.300'], ['E02.095.135'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.240.150', 'D12.776.395.240.150', 'D12.776.467.374.410.240.150', 'D23.529.374.410.240.150'], ['D12.776.124.400', 'D12.776.422.316.762'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.731.400', 'E04.604.249', 'N02.421.585.722.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D12.776.828'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.790', 'C06.301.371.411.307.790', 'C06.405.249.411.307.790', 'C06.405.469.491.307.790', 'C06.405.469.860.180.500'], ['C15.378.962', 'C20.920']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Flow control technique to prevent distal embolization during mechanical thrombectomy.
|
In an era of increasing emphasis on minimally invasive surgery, distal embolization remains a concern in the absence of distal flow control. We present a case using an endovascular flow control technique that can be used for reducing distal embolic events during endovascular recanalization of aortoiliac occlusive disease. This technique has been used in four patients so far (two with native anatomy and two with aorto-bi-iliac grafts) with no evidence of angiographic or clinical embolic complications.
|
['Adult', 'Embolism', 'Equipment Design', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Regional Blood Flow', 'Thrombectomy']
| 22,975,336
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C14.907.355.350'], ['E05.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G09.330.100.780'], ['E04.100.814.842']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Histopathology of cryptococcosis and other fungal infections in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
|
OBJECTIVE: To gain insight into the histopathologic characteristics of fungal infection in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).METHODS: A review was conducted of the histopathology for 162 patients with evident fungal infection.RESULTS: The microscopic appearance of esophageal candidiasis that was common in patients with single organ involvement revealed necrotic debris containing proliferating hyphae at the site of mucosal erosions without fungal invasion of underlying tissue. The incidence of oral and esophageal candidiasis was followed by that of pulmonary aspergillosis and Candida infection. Eighteen patients had generalized cryptococcosis, representing the commonest generalized fungal disease. The essential histologic features of the disease consisted of yeast cell proliferation with a histiocytic response, but only minor lymphocytic and neutrophilic components. This was different from the manifestations of both Candida and Aspergillus infections. The two histologic patterns recognized in the pulmonary cryptococcal lesions could be graded with respect to the degree and type of inflammatory reaction. The milder one consisted of small scattered foci of intra-alveolar cryptococcal proliferation with a histiocytic response. Another pattern involved massive cryptococcal infection, which might be simply more extensive than that in the former. Capillary involvement of alveolar septa was an important common finding in all 18 patients.
|
['Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome', 'Adult', 'Aspergillus', 'Candida', 'Candidiasis', 'Cryptococcosis', 'Cryptococcus', 'Esophagus', 'Giant Cells', 'Histiocytes', 'Humans', 'Immunocompetence', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Liver', 'Lung Diseases, Fungal', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mycoses']
| 11,468,102
|
[['C01.221.250.875.040', 'C01.221.812.640.400.040', 'C01.778.640.400.040', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.040', 'C01.925.813.400.040', 'C01.925.839.040', 'C20.673.480.040'], ['M01.060.116'], ['B01.300.381.081'], ['B01.300.107.795.095', 'B01.300.381.147', 'B01.300.930.176'], ['C01.150.703.160'], ['C01.150.703.248'], ['B01.300.381.258', 'B01.300.930.316'], ['A03.556.875.500'], ['A11.500'], ['A11.329.372.385', 'A11.627.482.385', 'A11.733.397.385', 'A15.382.670.522.385', 'A15.382.680.397.385'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.460'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['A03.620'], ['C01.150.703.534', 'C01.748.435', 'C08.381.472', 'C08.730.435'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.150.703']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Feasability study of screening for malignant lesions in the oral cavity targeting tobacco users].
|
INTRODUCTION: Oral cavity cancer is frequent. Prognosis of this cancer is closely linked to the development. Although the oral cavity is a potentially accessible site for examination, up to 50% of oral cancers are not detected until the disease is well advanced.PATIENTS AND METHOD: In a region where incidence rate is particularly high, local teams involved in screening, in epidemiological survey, in diagnosis and treatment of oral cancer performed a pilot feasibility study to improve strategy of early detection of oral cancer and premalignant lesion. Tobacco venders were solicited to distribute a flyer, which invite smokers to a free examination by general practitioner. General practitioners were invited to examine smokers, and to fill a predeterminate systematic oral cavity examination record during 3 months. They were asked to refer to a specialist if there was a potentially malignant disorder.RESULTS: The involvement of tobacco venders was rated as 67.3%. Ninety-three patients were included in 3 months. General practitioners referred 27% of the examinated patients. Among them, only 63.6% really saw a specialist, and a premalignant lesion was confirmed in 15.3%; further exams were carried out in 28.6%; a benign lesion was diagnosed in 57.1%.DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: Original incentives for oral cavity screening were performed, based on multidisciplinary network. Nevertheless, it remains hardship to reach the targeted population and to maintain the patients in health system.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Female', 'France', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mass Screening', 'Middle Aged', 'Mouth', 'Mouth Neoplasms', 'Pilot Projects', 'Population Surveillance', 'Social Participation', 'Tobacco Industry', 'Tobacco Use Disorder']
| 25,732,896
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A01.456.505.631', 'A03.556.500', 'A14.549'], ['C04.588.443.591', 'C07.465.530'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675'], ['I03.050.750'], ['J01.576.655.968'], ['C25.775.912', 'F03.900.912']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Iterated learning: a framework for the emergence of language.
|
Language is culturally transmitted. Iterated learning, the process by which the output of one individual's learning becomes the input to other individuals' learning, provides a framework for investigating the cultural evolution of linguistic structure. We present two models, based upon the iterated learning framework, which show that the poverty of the stimulus available to language learners leads to the emergence of linguistic structure. Compositionality is language's adaptation to stimulus poverty.
|
['Language', 'Learning', 'Neural Networks, Computer']
| 14,761,257
|
[['F01.145.209.399', 'L01.559'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['G17.485', 'L01.224.050.375.605']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Endobronchial hamartoma suspected lung cancer due to false positive of fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography; report of a case].
|
A 63-year-old male was referred to our hospital with an abnormal shadow on chest radiography and computed tomography. A transbronchial lung biopsy did not reveal any malignant lesion. A fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) was done for further examination and it revealed positive. Right upper lobectomy was perfomed for both diagnosis and treatment. The pathological diagnosis was endobronchial hamartoma The FDG-PET was false positive because of its atelectasis with obstructive pneumonia
|
['Bronchial Diseases', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'False Positive Reactions', 'Fluorodeoxyglucose F18', 'Hamartoma', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Positron-Emission Tomography', 'Radiopharmaceuticals']
| 19,670,790
|
[['C08.127'], ['E01.171'], ['E01.354.506'], ['D09.254.229.500'], ['C04.445'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399'], ['D27.505.259.843', 'D27.505.519.871', 'D27.720.470.410.650']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Association of HLA-B8, DRw3, and anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies in myasthenia gravis.
|
Twenty-eight patients with myasthenia gravis (MG), five with and 23 without thymoma, and 47 normal controls were typed for serologically defined HLA-A, B, C, and DRw antigens. Sera from all patients were titered for antibodies to acetylcholine receptors (AChR). The frequency of HLA-B8 and DRw3 in the non-thymoma MG patients was significantly higher than in the normal population. Most of the non-thymoma patients with AChR titers higher than the average level were positive for HLA-B8 and/or DRw3, while the majority of the HLA-B8(-) and/or DRw3(-) non-thymoma patients demonstrated AChR titers below average. These findings support the possibility of the existence of immune response genes in the HLA-B, DRw segment of the major histocompatibility complex which are concerned in the response to or recognition of autoantigens.
|
['Acetylcholine', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Antibodies', 'Epitopes', 'Female', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genes, MHC Class II', 'HLA Antigens', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myasthenia Gravis', 'Receptors, Cholinergic']
| 85,353
|
[['D02.092.211.111'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['D23.050.550'], ['G05.330'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.610.600', 'G05.360.340.024.380.500.600', 'G12.500.500.600'], ['D23.050.301.500.450', 'D23.050.705.552.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.614.550.500', 'C04.730.856.490', 'C10.114.656', 'C10.574.781.588', 'C10.668.758.725', 'C20.111.258.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.720.360']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Impact of super sidecut skis on the epidemiology of skiing injuries.
|
Concerns about whether a new type of ski--the super sidecut or carving ski--has the potential to significantly alter the incidence and type of skiing injuries have arisen in the past two years. These skis have become extremely popular during the past ski season. A case control study of skiing injuries done in a serial fashion at a Northern Vermont ski area since 1972 offers the potential to monitor changes in skiing injuries as these skis increase in popularity. Only during the last ski season have a significant number of skiers in our study (approximately 18% of all) utilized these skis. Our data reveals that skiing injuries associated with super sidecut skis occurred at a higher rate than expected in comparison to conventional skis. We also have observed that expert skiers using super sidecut skis apparently have higher than the expected incidence of ski injuries. It is hoped that in another season or two of continued study that stronger statements can be made and that the preliminary trends we have observed can be confirmed or refuted.
|
['Athletic Injuries', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Equipment Design', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Risk Factors', 'Skiing', 'Vermont']
| 9,491,486
|
[['C26.115'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E05.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['I03.450.642.845.787.500'], ['Z01.107.567.875.550.880']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Stigmasterol Alleviates Cutaneous Allergic Responses in Rodents.
|
The therapeutic potential of stigmasterol, a natural steroid alcohol with established immune-modulatory properties, was assessed on allergic cutaneous responses. We examined its suppressive effect on immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated active cutaneous anaphylaxis (ACA), compound 48/80 (C48/80)-induced pruritus, and irritant dermatitis induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Stigmasterol at 10-100 mg/kg significantly inhibited ACA with reduction in reaction area and concentration of the extravasated Evans blue dye. Given at 50 and 100 mg/kg, stigmasterol significantly inhibited C48/80-induced scratching behaviour when compared to saline-treated C48/80-injected control. Skin histopathology of injected sites confirmed that stigmasterol reduced mast cell trafficking and degranulation associated with C48/80-induced pruritus. Stigmasterol controlled inflammatory features such as ear skin oedema and neutrophilia and also reduced serum levels of TNFá induced by topical application of TPA. Epidermal layer thickening and inflammatory cell infiltration of ear skin tissue were significantly reduced by stigmasterol. Taken together, stigmasterol demonstrates significant potential as a molecule of interest in allergic skin disease therapy.
|
['Animals', 'Drug Eruptions', 'Ghana', 'Hypersensitivity', 'Mast Cells', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred ICR', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Rodentia', 'Skin', 'Stigmasterol']
| 30,140,696
|
[['B01.050'], ['C17.800.174.600', 'C20.543.206.380', 'C25.100.468.380'], ['Z01.058.290.190.320'], ['C20.543'], ['A11.329.427', 'A15.382.652'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.510', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.510'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992'], ['A17.815'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.222.347.833', 'D04.210.500.247.808.756.808', 'D10.570.938.795.808', 'D23.704.500.808']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Complex protein patterns formation via salt-induced self-assembly and droplet evaporation.
|
Complex and elegant protein patterns in rosette, scallop, Chinese arrow and dendrite shapes at macroscopic length scales were prepared using salt-induced molecular self-assembly and droplet evaporation methods. The direct visual observation method using fluorescence microscopy was adopted to characterize the formation of these protein patterns in situ. Further studies from an optical interferometric profiler have shown that both rosette and scalloped protein patterns are hierarchical structures of concentric rings consisting of many prism-like columnar stacks, with each of the stack having thousands of protein molecules. Systematic experimental studies were performed to investigate the influence of salt concentration, protein concentration and evaporation rate on the morphologies of protein patterns. Upon the analysis of the representative fluorescent microscope images some theoretical explanations, based on Deegan's theory on the "coffee ring" effect and the dynamic self-assembly mechanism, were proposed to illustrate the dynamics for the formation of different protein patterns. Two different evaporation modes have been found: edge-enhanced evaporation for low salt concentration solutions, i.e., the higher evaporation rate exists at the edge of the droplet; center-enhanced evaporation for high salt concentration solutions, in which faster evaporation occurs at the droplet center consisting of a lot of crystallized salts.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Dendrimers', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Kinetics', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Protein Multimerization', 'Protein Structure, Quaternary', 'Proteins', 'Salts', 'Serum Albumin, Bovine', 'Volatilization']
| 20,853,173
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D05.750.327', 'E02.319.300.380.200', 'J01.637.512.600.200'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['G02.111.694'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.550'], ['D12.776'], ['D01.786'], ['D12.776.034.841.540', 'D12.776.124.727.875'], ['G01.645.750', 'G02.734.933']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Acid and alkaline phosphatases activities in vascular smooth muscle: species differences and subcellular distribution.
|
1. Acid and alkaline phosphatase activities were studied in rat and dog aortic muscle using p-nitrophenyl phosphate (p-NPP) as the substrate. Alkaline phosphatase activity was quite comparable to acid phosphatase activity in rat aortic microsomes as well as further purified plasma membranes, but considerably lower than acid phosphatase activity in dog aortic membranes. 2. Subcellular distribution of acid and alkaline phosphatase activities in these vascular muscles indicated that alkaline phosphatases and a large portion of acid phosphatase activities were primarily associated with plasma membranes and the distribution of acid phosphatase showed little resemblance to that of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, a lysosomal marker enzyme. 3. The rat aortic plasmalemmal acid and alkaline phosphatase activities responded very differently to magnesium, fluoride, vanadate and EDTA. The alkaline phosphatase was more susceptible to heat inactivation than acid phosphatase. 4. These results suggest that these two phosphatases are likely to be two different enzymes in the smooth muscle plasma membranes. The implication of the present findings is discussed in relation to the alteration of these phosphatases in hypertensive vascular diseases.
|
['Acid Phosphatase', 'Alkaline Phosphatase', 'Animals', 'Aorta', 'Cell Membrane', 'Centrifugation, Density Gradient', 'Dogs', 'Female', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Male', 'Microsomes', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Species Specificity']
| 3,621,905
|
[['D08.811.277.352.650.025'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.035'], ['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056'], ['A11.284.149'], ['E05.181.724.336', 'E05.196.941.336'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['G02.300'], ['A11.284.835.540'], ['A02.633.570.491', 'A07.015.733.500', 'A10.690.467.491'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
New guideline represents 'processed-oriented' approach for ISO 9000.
|
Hospitals that have been tracking the development of ISO 9000 in the health care industry should pay close attention to a new guideline about to emerge. According to Laura Preole, health care services manager of SGS International Certification Services based in Rutherford, NJ, the new guideline is the latest step in an effort to establish a more 'process-oriented' method of looking at the health care environment from the moment a patient walks into a facility to the moment he or she is discharged.
|
['Accreditation', 'Equipment and Supplies, Hospital', 'Guidelines as Topic', 'Health Care Sector', 'Hospital Administration', 'Humans', 'International Agencies', 'Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations', 'Process Assessment, Health Care', 'Quality Control', 'United States']
| 11,216,288
|
[['N03.706.110.070', 'N05.700.200.100'], ['E07.325'], ['N04.761.700.350', 'N05.700.350'], ['J01.576.489', 'N03.219.650'], ['H02.309', 'N02.278.216.500', 'N04.452.442.452'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.540.514'], ['N03.706.110.070.410', 'N05.700.200.100.420'], ['N04.761.559.650', 'N05.715.360.575.625'], ['J01.897.608'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[Ulcerated plaque in the terminal aorta as a source of recurrent embolism in the young patient].
|
In the last years, some case reports about peripheral arterial embolism originated from ulcerative disorders in the wall of aorta and main vascular structures, have been published. Patients affected by this disease are usually aged and arteriosclerotic injuries at divers levels are common. The current case report presents a patient, 37 years old, with a history of 3 surgical procedures because of recurrent arterial embolism in the left femoro-popliteal area with unknown embolic origin. Further, a complete angiographic exploration was realized because a new occlusion in the left ileo-femoral area occurred and suspicious images of an ulcerative atheroma plaque in final aorta were found. This conjecture was confirmed during surgical procedure. It should be noted that some histories of peripheral embolism, with unknown origin, in young patients could be caused by this type of disorders.
|
['Adult', 'Aorta, Abdominal', 'Aortic Diseases', 'Embolism', 'Humans', 'Intermittent Claudication', 'Male', 'Recurrence', 'Ulcer']
| 2,339,820
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A07.015.114.056.205'], ['C14.907.109'], ['C14.907.355.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.137.126.669', 'C23.888.531'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['C23.550.891']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Relevance of dopamine signals anchoring dynamin-2 to the plasma membrane during Na+,K+-ATPase endocytosis.
|
Clathrin-dependent endocytosis of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase in response to dopamine regulates its catalytic activity in intact cells. Because fission of clathrin-coated pits requires dynamin, we examined the mechanisms by which dopamine receptor signals promote dynamin-2 recruitment and assembly at the site of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase endocytosis. Western blotting revealed that dopamine increased the association of dynamin-2 with the plasma membrane and with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Dopamine inhibited Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity in OK cells and in those overexpressing wild type dynamin-2 but not in cells expressing a dominant-negative mutant. Dephosphorylation of dynamin is important for its assembly. Dopamine increased protein phosphatase 2A activity and dephosphorylated dynamin-2. In cells expressing a dominant-negative mutant of protein phosphatase 2A, dopamine failed to dephosphorylate dynamin-2 and to reduce Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity. Dynamin-2 is phosphorylated at Ser(848), and expression of the S848A mutant significantly blocked the inhibitory effect of dopamine. These results demonstrate a distinct signaling network originating from the dopamine receptor that regulates the state of dynamin-2 phosphorylation and that promotes its location (by interaction with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) at the site of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase endocytosis.
|
['Animals', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Membrane', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Clathrin', 'Dopamine', 'Dynamin II', 'Dynamins', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Endocytosis', 'Green Fluorescent Proteins', 'Kinetics', 'Luminescent Proteins', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Models, Biological', 'Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases', 'Phosphorylation', 'Plasmids', 'Precipitin Tests', 'Protein Binding', 'Rats', 'Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase', 'Time Factors', 'Transfection']
| 12,205,083
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.284.149'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.776.543.990.200'], ['D02.092.211.215.406', 'D02.092.311.342', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.200.200', 'D12.776.220.600.450.200.200', 'D12.776.543.990.400.200'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.200', 'D12.776.220.600.450.200', 'D12.776.543.990.400'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['G04.417'], ['D12.776.532.265'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D12.776.532'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.500'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['G05.360.600'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645', 'E05.196.150.639.500', 'E05.200.812.735.645', 'E05.478.594.760.645', 'E05.478.605.492'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.314.750', 'D12.776.157.530.450.162.780', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.880', 'D12.776.157.530.813.750', 'D12.776.543.585.450.162.800', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.890', 'D12.776.543.585.813.750'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Association between the cytogenetic profile of tumor cells and response to preoperative radiochemotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer.
|
Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy to locally advanced rectal carcinoma patients has proven efficient in a high percentage of cases. Despite this, some patients show nonresponse or even disease progression. Recent studies suggest that different genetic alterations may be associated with sensitivity versus resistance of rectal cancer tumor cells to neoadjuvant therapy. We investigated the relationship between intratumoral pathways of clonal evolution as assessed by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (51 different probes) and response to neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy, evaluated by Dworak criteria in 45 rectal cancer tumors before (n = 45) and after (n = 31) treatment. Losses of chromosomes 1p (44%), 8p (53%), 17p (47%), and 18q (38%) and gains of 1q (49%) and 13q (75%) as well as amplification of 8q (38%) and 20q (47%) chromosomal regions were those specific alterations found at higher frequencies. Significant association (P < 0.05) was found between alteration of 1p, 1q, 11p, 12p, and 17p chromosomal regions and degree of response to neoadjuvant therapy. A clear association was observed between cytogenetic profile of the ancestral tumor cell clone and response to radiochemotherapy; cases presenting with del(17p) showed a poor response to neoadjuvant treatment (P = 0.03), whereas presence of del(1p) was more frequently observed in responder patients (P = 0.0002). Moreover, a significantly higher number of copies of chromosomes 8q (P = 0.004), 13q (P = 0.003), and 20q (P = 0.002) were found after therapy versus paired pretreatment rectal cancer samples. Our results point out the existence of an association between tumor cytogenetics and response to neoadjuvant therapy in locally advanced rectal cancer. Further studies in larger series of patients are necessary to confirm our results.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic', 'Capecitabine', 'Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Chromosome Aberrations', 'Clonal Evolution', 'Cohort Studies', 'Deoxycytidine', 'Dose Fractionation, Radiation', 'Female', 'Fluorouracil', 'Humans', 'In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoadjuvant Therapy', 'Rectal Neoplasms', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 25,474,426
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.519.186.144', 'D27.505.954.248.144', 'D27.888.569.042.030'], ['D03.383.742.680.245.500.425', 'D03.383.742.698.875.404.425', 'D13.570.230.329.313', 'D13.570.685.245.500.425'], ['E02.186.079.500', 'E02.319.164.500', 'E02.815.160.500'], ['C23.550.210', 'G05.365.590.175'], ['G04.375', 'G05.158'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['D03.383.742.680.245.500', 'D13.570.230.329', 'D13.570.685.245.500'], ['E02.815.639.200'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325.350', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325.350', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325.350', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325.350', 'E05.393.285.350', 'E05.393.661.475.350'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.186.450'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.790', 'C06.301.371.411.307.790', 'C06.405.249.411.307.790', 'C06.405.469.491.307.790', 'C06.405.469.860.180.500'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Attenuated psychosis syndrome: need for debate on a new disorder.
|
This 'pro' statement of the controversial issue, defending the need for a new disorder classification of attenuated psychosis syndrome (APS), provides data supporting the clinical validity of this category and responds to the most frequently asserted criticisms. It provides arguments why APS is not pathologizing non-ill behaviors and is not stigmatizing for those affected but rather they merit clinical attention for what is already manifest. It also argues against the view that establishing the diagnostic category of APS results in an unreasoned excessive use of antipsychotic medications but rather encourages prevention and early intervention programs. Finally, bodies of research are presented which could contribute to further validating APS and provide the preconditions for moving this category from Section 3 to Section 2 of DSM-5.1.
|
['Antipsychotic Agents', 'Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders', 'Drug Prescriptions', 'Humans', 'Psychotic Disorders', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Syndrome', 'Unnecessary Procedures']
| 25,060,627
|
[['D27.505.696.277.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.331'], ['L01.453.245.945.200'], ['E02.319.307', 'N02.421.668.778.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03.700.675'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['C23.550.288.500'], ['N02.421.380.450.500', 'N05.300.150.395.450.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Rates, trends, and severity of depression after burn injuries.
|
It is commonly assumed that patients hospitalized for burn treatment will experience some level of depression. However, little is known about the trends in severity of depression over time. The purpose of this study was to determine the rates and severity of depression over a 2-year period. The Beck Depression Inventory was administered at 1 month (N = 151), 1 year (N = 130), and 2 years (N = 125) after discharge. At 1 month, 54% of patients showed symptoms of moderate to severe depression, and at 2 years, 43% of the patients responding still reported moderate to severe depression. The average correlation between scores over time was high. Women had higher depression scores than men at each time period. An interaction between gender and having a head or neck injury was also observed at 1 month and 1 year after discharge. Results suggest that routine outpatient screening for depression is warranted.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Burns', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Discharge', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Psychological Tests', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Sex Factors', 'Time Factors']
| 11,761,394
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['C26.200'], ['F03.600.300'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.169.125', 'E02.760.400.610', 'N02.421.585.169.125', 'N02.421.585.400.610', 'N04.590.233.727.210.125'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['F04.711'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Life cycle and vectorial competence of Triatoma williami (Galv?o, Souza e Lima, 1965) under the influence of different blood meal sources.
|
Triatoma williami is naturally infected by Trypanosoma cruzi, the ethiological agent of Chagas disease, the most significant cause of morbidity and mortality in South and Central America.The possibility of domiciliation of T. williami increases the risk of human T. cruzi vetorial transmission. Despite this, there is a lack of data demonstrating the bionomic aspects, the vectorial competence or the natural ecotope and the wild hosts of T. williami. This study describes for the first time the life cycle of T. williami under the influence of two blood meal sources and also evaluates the vectorial potential of the species. The development of two groups of hundred triatomines was followed over the nymphal stages and adulthood. Each group was exposed to a sole blood meal source, mammalian or bird. The average egg-to-adult development time in both groups was similar, except by shorter stages of N3 and N4 in triatomines fed on mammals. The group fed on birds needed more blood feedings to suffer the ecdysis and had higher cumulative mortality in the nymphal stages. Although the observed delay at defecation of adults after feeding, our results suggest that T. williami in the third and fifth nymphal stages may be good vectors.
|
['Animals', 'Brazil', 'Central America', 'Chagas Disease', 'Coturnix', 'Defecation', 'Diet', 'Humans', 'Insect Vectors', 'Life Cycle Stages', 'Mice', 'Nymph', 'Triatoma', 'Trypanosoma cruzi']
| 26,056,740
|
[['B01.050'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['Z01.107.169'], ['C01.610.752.300.900.200', 'C01.920.625'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.650.350'], ['G10.261.165'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.850.335.188.100.500', 'N06.850.520.203.375.100.500'], ['B05.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B05.500.650', 'G07.345.500.550.500.650'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.412.420.700.850.800'], ['B01.268.475.868.887.140']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Payment regulations for advanced practice nurses: implications for primary care.
|
The shortage of primary care providers (PCPs) in the United States may be worsened with health reform if more individuals receive health insurance coverage. Previous research suggests that Advanced Practice Registered Nurses (APRNs) can provide as high quality care and achieve the same health outcomes as physicians. However, APRNs are usually reimbursed at lower rates than physicians by both Medicare and Medicaid. Private health insurance regulations and Any Willing Provider laws vary from state to state but in general do little to facilitate the ability of APRNs to be reimbursed for their services or to be credentialed as PCPs. To maximize the utilization of APRNs as PCPs, the payment system should be remodeled. A clear regulatory framework and payment rationale are needed along with data on the type and complexity of care provided by various practitioners to increase efficiencies and improve access to health care.
|
['Advanced Practice Nursing', 'Delivery of Health Care', 'Health Care Reform', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Humans', 'Insurance, Health, Reimbursement', 'Medicaid', 'Medicare', 'Nurse Practitioners', "Nurse's Role", 'Nursing Care', 'Primary Health Care', 'Reimbursement Mechanisms', 'United States']
| 20,834,022
|
[['H02.478.676.074'], ['N04.590.374', 'N05.300'], ['I01.655.500.608.400.285', 'I01.880.604.825.608.400.285', 'N03.349.285', 'N03.623.500.608.428.285', 'N04.590.374.285', 'N05.300.380'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.480', 'N03.219.521.710'], ['N03.219.521.346.506.564.655', 'N03.706.615.693'], ['N03.219.521.346.506.564.663', 'N03.219.521.576.343.840', 'N03.706.615.696'], ['M01.526.485.650.640', 'N02.360.650.640'], ['F01.829.316.616.625.450', 'N05.300.100.337'], ['E02.760.611', 'N02.421.533'], ['N04.590.233.727'], ['N03.219.521.710.305'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Oral health in German children, adolescents, adults and senior citizens in 2005.
|
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this field study (the "Fourth German Oral Health Study") was to obtain representative data on caries (DMFT index), periodontitis (CPI) and prosthetic status in the German population and to evaluate changes in the oral health of the German people as compared with the findings of the Third German Oral Health Study conducted eight years previously.BASIC RESEARCH DESIGN: The study took the form of a population-representative cross-sectional survey with random samples, and was complemented by a questionnaire to reveal sociological as well as behavioural data.PARTICIPANTS: The age cohorts in the present study were 12-year-olds (children), 15-year-olds (adolescents), 35- to 44-year-olds (adults) and 65- to 74-year-olds (senior citizens).RESULTS: All age groups showed considerable improvements in oral health with respect to caries. Of the children, 70.1% were free of dentine caries and the mean DMFT value was 0.7. In adults and senior citizens both the DMFT value and the number of missing teeth and edentulousness declined. With regard to periodontal conditions, increasing prevalence of moderate and severe findings was recorded in adults and senior citizens, owing probably to the larger number of natural teeth remaining in the oral cavity.CONCLUSION: The study documents a distinct improvement in oral health in the German population. Interrelated with the higher numbers of remaining natural teeth a higher prevalence of moderate and severe periodontal conditions in German adults and senior citizens was observed.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Child', 'Cohort Studies', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'DMF Index', 'Dental Caries', 'Dentures', 'Female', 'Germany', 'Humans', 'Jaw, Edentulous', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Oral Health', 'Periodontitis', 'Population Surveillance', 'Reference Standards', 'Tooth Loss']
| 19,385,435
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.300.350', 'E06.208.266', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.300.340', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.300.350', 'N06.890.160.100'], ['C07.793.720.210'], ['E06.780.346.760', 'E07.695.190.200'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.500.480', 'C07.320.550', 'C07.465.550.425', 'C07.793.597.425'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['N01.400.535'], ['C07.465.714.533'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675'], ['E05.978.808'], ['C07.465.714.804', 'C07.793.870']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Identifying factors contributing to reduced breast tumor size: a longitudinal study.
|
AIM: This study examines the trends and outcomes of breast cancer patients who have undergone surgical procedures at the Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy. It also identifies the factors that contributed to the reduction of the breast tumor size over a 13-year period at a tertiary referral center.METHODS: All breast cancer operations performed at the Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy, from January 1992 to June 2005 were examined and data from their surgical pathology reports were also analyzed, using a prospective database. A longitudinal study was performed to compare and analyze the pathological data during three consecutive time periods. The periods were from 1992 to 1996, 1997 to 1999, and 2000 to 2005. Surgical and pathological outcomes included age of the patient at the time of the diagnosis, partial breast resections, mastectomies, axillary lymphadenectomies, tumor size, histological type and stage, and lymph node status.RESULTS: The study group was comprised of 3050 patients who underwent breast resection between 1992 and 2005. Quadrantectomy was the preferred surgical approach in 1759 patients (58%). Throughout the longitudinal study, the tumors measuring less than 1cm increased from 13.4% to 15.4%; the number of tumors diagnosed at stage I increased from 44.1% to 56.8%; the most frequent histological type was ductal carcinoma; the number of ductal carcinomas in situ (DCIS) increased from 4% to 6%; and the incidence of lymphadenectomies decreased from 71.6% to 52.5%. Perioperative factors that correlated with the decreased size of the tumor over time were: screening, improvement of diagnostic and therapeutic techniques, and the increased operative use of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB).CONCLUSIONS: There has been an evolving refinement in surgical technique and perioperative management of breast cancer patients undergoing surgical resection at the Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy, during the past decades. The present longitudinal study on 3050 surgical breast cancer patients confirmed the progressive reduction of tumor size at the time of the diagnosis. Perioperative factors that correlated with the decreased tumor size over time were mammography screening, improvement of diagnostic and therapeutic techniques, and the use of SLNB. Furthermore, the study showed that the progressive reduced number of useless axillary lymphadenectomies was mainly due to the increased intraoperative use of axillary SLNB.
|
['Breast Neoplasms', 'Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Lymph Nodes', 'Mastectomy', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy']
| 19,131,284
|
[['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.232.500', 'C04.557.470.615.132.500', 'C04.588.180.390', 'C17.800.090.500.390'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A10.549.400', 'A15.382.520.604.412'], ['E04.466'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.580', 'E01.370.225.998.054.580', 'E01.370.388.100.580', 'E04.074.580', 'E04.446.819', 'E05.200.500.384.100.580', 'E05.200.998.054.580', 'E05.242.384.100.580']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Opinions and feelings on eating with complete dentures: a qualitative inquiry.
|
Our knowledge of variables affecting the coping strategies that lead to acceptance of foods in populations wearing complete dentures is limited. Focus groups were conducted with the specific aim of determining factors responsible for successful adaptation to chewing with complete dentures. Each of the five focus groups consisted of eight to 15 participants (mean = 11; mean age = 64 yrs), of mixed gender, with at least five years of denture-wearing experience (mean = 7 years), and with groups varying in their socio-economic and ethnic backgrounds. Participants' statements (n = 324) were sorted for their content, by consensus between the two investigators, into 12 conceptually independent domains (listed in decreasing order of frequency of mention): foods and food textures causing difficulties when eating, foods being avoided, stability and retention of dentures, social constraints, bolus size, general satisfaction with the current dentures, general experience with dentures, sensation of temperature, experience of pain during chewing, experiences with taste, experiences with rinsing the dentures after eating, and time involved with chewing. In addition, further analysis of statements showed that food texture was the most commonly mentioned with foods that were either difficult to chew or avoided. These perceptions significantly affected the choice of food. The results of this qualitative study indicate that food texture is one of the major factors influencing the choice of a coping strategy by denture wearers when trying to overcome difficulties in chewing specific foods. As such, food texture may have a significant effect on patients' success in the process of their functional adaptation.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Denture Retention', 'Dentures', 'Eating', 'Female', 'Food', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mastication', 'Mouth, Edentulous', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 10,765,890
|
[['F01.058'], ['E06.780.346.760.550'], ['E06.780.346.760', 'E07.695.190.200'], ['G07.203.650.283', 'G10.261.330'], ['G07.203.300', 'J02.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G07.203.650.283.500', 'G10.261.330.500'], ['C07.465.550', 'C07.793.597'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Treatment of tuberculosis in a nurse-managed clinic.
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From July 1982 to January 1986, we saw 86 patients in the tuberculosis clinic; 77 (90%) were alcoholics; all were males, 71 (83%) were black, 14 (16%) were white, and one (1%) was hispanic. Of these, 10 patients (12%) failed to complete therapy and were referred to the Chicago Board of Health. Nine patients (10%) were dropped from the clinic: three moved from the state of Illinois, three died of nontuberculosis causes, and three were transferred to the Chest Clinic for other medical problems. Therefore, 67 patients (78%) successfully completed therapy. Our high rate of success is attributed to constant, high-intensity contact and consistent supervision of these potentially noncompliant patients.
|
['Administrative Personnel', 'Chicago', 'Hospitals, Veterans', 'Humans', 'Nurse Administrators', 'Outpatient Clinics, Hospital', 'Tuberculosis']
| 3,641,825
|
[['M01.526.070'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.350.200', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.350.200', 'Z01.433.305'], ['N02.278.421.510.180.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.526.070.670', 'M01.526.485.650.580', 'N02.360.650.580'], ['N02.278.035.380', 'N02.278.216.500.968.527', 'N04.452.442.452.422.527'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Home-Based and Technology-Centered Childhood Obesity Prevention for Chinese Mothers With Preschool-Aged Children.
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INTRODUCTION: Nearly a quarter of preschool-aged Chinese American children are overweight or obese. Children of overweight mothers are at higher risk for obesity. Efforts to prevent obesity among low-income minority children with overweight mothers should start in early childhood.METHODOLOGY: This randomized pilot study consisted of 8 weekly sessions, examined feasibility of a tablet computer-based intervention among 32 mother-child dyads. The study estimated effect size of the intervention at baseline, 3 and 6 months on maternal outcomes including self-efficacy, eating behaviors, physical activity, child-feeding practices, and change in body mass index.RESULTS: The tablet computer-based intervention is feasible among low-income Chinese mothers with low acculturation. A large-effect size was observed in reducing maternal body mass index, waist circumference, and improving maternal eating style and self-efficacy for promoting healthy eating.DISCUSSION: Multimedia tablet-based education tailored for Chinese immigrant mothers was successful in short-term maternal behaviors changes related to diet and exercise.
|
['Adult', 'Asian Americans', 'Body Mass Index', 'California', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mobile Applications', 'Mother-Child Relations', 'Mothers', 'Obesity', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 28,826,348
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.686.508.200.100', 'M01.686.754.225'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['Z01.107.567.875.580.200', 'Z01.107.567.875.760.200'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.900.685'], ['F01.829.263.370.290.170'], ['F01.829.263.500.320.200', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340.270', 'M01.620.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Polyamines reduce paraquat-induced soxS and its regulon expression in Escherichia coli.
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Polyamines, ubiquitous polycationic compounds, are involved in many cellular responses and relieve paraquat-induced cytotoxicity in Escherichia coli. We constructed a new E. coli mutant strain, JIL528, which is deficient in the biosynthesis of both putrescine and spermidine, to examine the physiological role of polyamines under oxidative stress caused by paraquat. Putrescine and spermidine downregulate the expression of soxS induced by paraquat in a concentration-dependent manner. The product of SoxS is a key regulator governing cellular responses against oxidative stress in E. coli. The downregulation of soxS expression by polyamines was not shown in the soxR mutant background. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH; encoded by zwf) and manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD; encoded by sodA) activities induced by paraquat were decreased by exogenous polyamines. The induction of the zwf expression by paraquat was also decreased by exogenous polyamines. The polyamine-deficient mutant strain JIL528 showed a higher soxS expression than its parent polyamine-proficient wild type BW1157, on exogenous supplementation of paraquat concentrations below 1 micromol/L. While the growth rate of the mutant was decreased, soxS expression was increased in a concentration-dependent manner above 0.01 micromol/L of paraquat. In contrast, growth inhibition of the mutant by paraquat was relieved, and soxS was no longer induced by exogenous putrescine (1 mmol/L). In conclusion, polyamines protect against paraquat-induced toxicity but downregulate soxS expression, suggesting that the protective role of polyamines against oxidative damage induced by paraquat results in soxS downregulation.
|
['Biogenic Polyamines', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Down-Regulation', 'Escherichia coli', 'Escherichia coli Proteins', 'Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase', 'Mutation', 'Paraquat', 'Putrescine', 'Regulon', 'Spermidine', 'Superoxide Dismutase', 'Trans-Activators']
| 12,661,985
|
[['D02.092.211.415'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D12.776.097.275'], ['D08.811.682.047.150.300'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D03.383.725.762.621'], ['D02.092.211.415.701', 'D02.092.782.258.784'], ['G05.360.340.024.742'], ['D02.092.211.415.701.801', 'D02.092.782.677'], ['D08.811.682.881'], ['D12.776.260.755', 'D12.776.930.900', 'D12.776.964.925.984']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Predictors of reintervention after endovascular repair of isolated iliac artery aneurysm.
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The objective of this study was to identify factors predicting the need for reintervention after endovascular repair of isolated iliac artery aneurysm (IIAA). We reviewed prospectively collected database records of all patients who underwent endovascular repair of IIAA between 1999 and 2008. Detailed assessment of the aneurysms was performed using computed tomography angiography (CTA). Follow-up protocol included CTA at 3 months. If this showed no complication, then annual duplex scan was arranged. Multivariate analysis and analysis of patient survival and freedom from reintervention were performed using Kaplan-Meier life tables. Forty IIAAs (median diameter 44 mm) in 38 patients were treated (all men; median age 75 years), and median follow-up was 27 months. Endovascular repair of IIAA was required in 14 of 40 aneurysms (35%). The rate of type I endoleak was significantly higher with proximal landing zone (PLZ) diameter >30 mm in the aorta or >24 mm in the common iliac artery or distal landing zone (DLZ) diameter >24 mm (P = 0.03, 0.03, and 0.0014, respectively). Reintervention rate (RR) increased significantly with increased diameter or decreased length of PLZ; increased DLZ diameter; and endovascular IIAA repair (P = 0.005, 0.005, 0.02, and 0.02 respectively); however, RR was not significantly affected by length of PLZ or DLZ. Freedom-from-reintervention was 97, 93, and 86% at 12, 24, and 108 months. There was no in-hospital or aneurysm-related mortality. Endovascular IIAA repair is a safe treatment option. Proper patient selection is essential to decrease the RR.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Angiography', 'Endovascular Procedures', 'Humans', 'Iliac Aneurysm', 'Life Tables', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Selection', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Recurrence', 'Retreatment', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Survival Rate', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 20,464,554
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.350.700.060', 'E01.370.370.050'], ['E04.100.814.529', 'E04.502.382'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.055.625'], ['E05.318.308.985.475', 'E05.318.740.100.500', 'N01.224.935.530', 'N06.850.505.400.975.475', 'N06.850.520.308.985.475'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.581.500.653', 'N04.590.731'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E02.887'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Transcriptome Profile Analysis Reveals that CsTCP14
|
Foliage diseases are prevalent in cucumber production and cause serious yield reduction across the world. Identifying resistance or susceptible genes under foliage-disease stress is essential for breeding resistant varieties, of which leaf-specific expressed susceptible genes are extremely important but rarely studied in crops. This study performed an in-depth mining of public transcriptome data both in different cucumber tissues and under downy mildew (DM) inoculation, and found that the expression of leaf-specific expressed transcription factor CsTCP14 was significantly increased after treatment with DM, as well as being upregulated under stress from another foliage disease, watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), in susceptible cucumbers. Furthermore, the Pearson correlation analysis identified genome-wide co-expressed defense genes with CsTCP14. A potential target CsNBS-LRR gene, Csa6M344280.1, was obtained as obviously reduced and was negatively correlated with the expression of the susceptible gene CsTCP14. Moreover, the interaction experiments of electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and yeast one-hybrid assay (Y1H) were successfully executed to prove that CsTCP14 could transcriptionally repress the expression of the CsNBS-LRR gene, Csa6M344280.1, which resulted in inducing susceptibility to foliage diseases in cucumber. As such, we constructed a draft model showing that the leaf-specific expressed gene CsTCP14 was negatively regulating the defense gene Csa6M344280.1 to induce susceptibility to foliage diseases in cucumber. Therefore, this study explored key susceptible genes in response to foliage diseases based on a comprehensive analysis of public transcriptome data and provided an opportunity to breed new varieties that can resist foliage diseases in cucumber, as well as in other crops.
|
['Cucumis sativus', 'Disease Resistance', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Oomycetes', 'Plant Diseases', 'Plant Leaves', 'Plant Proteins', 'Potyvirus', 'Transcription Factors', 'Transcriptome']
| 31,130,701
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.300.188.666'], ['C23.550.291.671', 'G12.450.564.250', 'G12.450.800.250', 'G15.630.250'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308.375'], ['B01.750.580'], ['G15.610'], ['A18.024.812'], ['D12.776.765'], ['B04.715.464.600', 'B04.715.635.600', 'B04.820.578.782.600'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G02.111.873.750', 'G05.297.700.750', 'G05.360.920']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Efficacy and safety of peginterferon alpha-2a/ribavirin in treatment-naive Cameroonian patients with chronic hepatitis C.
|
Data were examined from a day-to-day clinical practice in Yaounde, Cameroon to evaluate the efficacy and safety of peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin in treatment-naive Cameroonian patients with chronic hepatitis C. Ninety adults with chronic hepatitis C (mean age, 53 +/- 8 years; 79% males; 37.8% genotype 1; 23.3% genotype 2; and 38.9% genotype 4) were given at least 12 weeks of combination therapy between February 2003 and August 2007. Of these, 54 completed the treatment and the 24-week follow up. Subsequently, 18 continued treatment and 18 (20%) discontinued the treatment, 6 (6.7%) due to adverse effects. An intention-to-treat analysis showed that 38 (52.8%) had an end-of-treatment virologic response and 34 (47.2%) had a sustained virologic response. Sustained virologic response were significantly higher among patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 2 (83.4%) than in those with genotype 1 (31%) or genotype 4 (42.3%) (P < 0.05). Non HCV-2 genotype, pretreatment fibrosis score >2, HCV RNA level >8.0 x 10(5) IU/ml and a non-virologic response at 12 weeks of treatment were associated with poor sustained virologic response (P < 0.05). Thus, HCV can be treated in a Sub-Saharan African country. It indicates that Cameroonian HCV-1 and -4 patients have a poorer sustained virologic response than the published results for Western and Middle-East countries. Virus subtype may influence the treatment outcome, since there is a great genetic diversity within Cameroonian HCV-1 and -4 genotypes.
|
['Adult', 'Antiviral Agents', 'Cameroon', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'Genotype', 'Hepacivirus', 'Hepatitis C, Chronic', 'Humans', 'Interferon alpha-2', 'Interferon-alpha', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Polyethylene Glycols', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Ribavirin', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Viral Load']
| 19,040,282
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['Z01.058.290.100.110'], ['E02.319.310'], ['G05.380'], ['B04.450.380', 'B04.820.578.344.475'], ['C01.221.250.750.120', 'C01.925.440.440.120', 'C01.925.782.350.350.120', 'C06.552.380.350.120', 'C06.552.380.705.440.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890.250.500', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890.250.500', 'D23.529.374.440.890.250.500'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890.250', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890.250', 'D23.529.374.440.890.250'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.033.455.250.700', 'D05.750.741', 'D25.720.741', 'J01.637.051.720.741'], ['D12.776.828'], ['D13.570.800.790'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E01.370.225.875.950', 'E05.200.875.950', 'G06.920.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Estimation of the rate of appearance in the non-steady state with a two-compartment model.
|
A simple tracer-based method for calculating the rate of appearance of endogenous substances in the non-steady state, free from the inconsistencies of Steele's equation, is still lacking. This paper presents a method based on a two-compartment model by which the rate of appearance can be calculated with only a modest increase in complexity over Steele's approach. An equation is developed where the rate of appearance is expressed as a sum of three terms: a steady-state term, a term for the first compartment, and a term for the second compartment. The formula employs three parameters and makes the relationship between rate of appearance and specific activity changes explicit. An equation is also provided for estimating the error of the method in each individual run. The algorithm can be implemented with a spreadsheet on a personal computer. Simulated and experimental data obtained by the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic glucose clamp technique were used as a test. The accuracy with which the time course of glucose production could be reconstructed was clearly better than that using Steele's equation. Marked negative values for endogenous glucose output were calculated with Steele's equation but not with the new method. The characteristics of generality, simplicity, and accuracy and the availability of an error estimate make this new method suitable for routine application to non-steady-state tracer analysis.
|
['Algorithms', 'Animals', 'Computer Simulation', 'Glucose', 'Glucose Clamp Technique', 'Homeostasis', 'Humans', 'Hyperinsulinism', 'Metabolism', 'Models, Biological']
| 1,514,623
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['B01.050'], ['L01.224.160'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.350', 'E05.196.500', 'E05.200.124.100.350'], ['G07.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.968'], ['G03'], ['E05.599.395']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Moderate hemoptysis of unknown etiology.
|
The underlying cause and treatment of hemoptysis should be addressed promptly to avoid potentially life-threatening complications. We report on a previously healthy 11-year-old white boy who presented with acute hemoptysis. On bronchoscopy, bleeding was noted from the right upper and lower lobes. Right bronchial arteriography revealed multiple regions of abnormal "blushing" throughout the right bronchial arterial distribution which was successfully controlled by right bronchial arterial embolization. In spite of an extensive work-up, we were not able to determine the cause of bleeding. The patient has been followed for 18 months without any recurrence and without evidence of any systemic disease. Our patient does not fit any diagnostic category of pulmonary bleeding and further case reports are needed to delineate this entity.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Angiography', 'Bronchial Arteries', 'Bronchoscopy', 'Catheterization, Peripheral', 'Child', 'Embolization, Therapeutic', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable', 'Hemoptysis', 'Hemostatics', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 10,344,716
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['E01.370.350.700.060', 'E01.370.370.050'], ['A07.015.114.158'], ['E01.370.386.105', 'E01.370.388.250.100', 'E04.502.250.100', 'E04.928.600.080'], ['E02.148.224', 'E04.100.814.529.937', 'E04.502.382.937', 'E05.157.375'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E02.520.360', 'E02.926.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E07.858.740.300'], ['C08.381.348', 'C23.550.414.896', 'C23.888.852.430'], ['D27.505.954.502.270.463'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Differential Regulation of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Subunits is an Early Event in the Actions of Soluble Amyloid-â(1-40) Oligomers on Hippocampal Neurons.
|
Synaptic dysfunction during early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is triggered by soluble amyloid-â (Aâ) oligomers that interact with NMDA receptors (NMDARs). We previously showed that Aâ induces synaptic protein loss through NMDARs, albeit through undefined mechanisms. Accordingly, we here examined the contribution of individual NMDAR subunits to synaptotoxicity and demonstrate that Aâ exerts differential effects on the levels and distribution of GluN2A and GluN2B subunits of NMDAR in dendrites. Treatment of cultured hippocampal neurons with Aâ1-40 (10 ìM, 1 h) induced a significant increase of dendritic and synaptic GluN2B puncta densities with parallel decreases in the puncta densities of denritic and synaptic pTyr1472-GluN2B. Conversely, Aâ significantly decreased dendritic and synaptic GluN2A and dendritic pTyr1325-GluN2A puncta densities and increased synaptic pTyr1325-GluN2A puncta densities. Unexpectedly, Aâ treatment resulted in a significant reduction of GluN2B and pTyr1472-GluN2B protein levels but did not influence GluN2A and pTyr1325-GluN2A levels. These results show that Aâ exerts complex and distinct regulatory effects on the trafficking and phosphorylation of GluN2A and GluN2B, as well as on their localization within synaptic and non-synaptic sites. Increased understanding of these early events in Aâ-induced synaptic dysfunction is likely to be important for the development of timely preventive and therapeutic interventions.
|
['Amyloid beta-Peptides', 'Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Dendrites', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Hippocampus', 'Male', 'Neurons', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Phosphorylation', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate']
| 26,836,185
|
[['D12.644.024', 'D12.776.049.407.249.500', 'D12.776.543.039.500'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['A11.251'], ['A08.675.256', 'A11.284.180.225', 'A11.671.240'], ['G05.308'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D12.644.541'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.500.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.400.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Biotin-dependent carboxylase activities in different CNS and skin-derived cells, and their sensitivity to biotin-depletion.
|
The validity of various transformed and untransformed CNS and skin-derived cell cultures as a model for studying effects of biotin deficiency was tested. In biotin-sufficient conditions (0.1-10 mumol/L) all cell types showed considerable activities of the four biotin-dependent carboxylases. Notably, pyruvate carboxylase activity was also present in the different neuronal cells. One passage in low-biotin medium (6-130 pmol/L) lowered mitochondrial carboxylase activities in all cell types, but to varying degrees. Sensitivity to biotin depletion was greatest in three neuronal cell types, Roc-1 oligodendroglia, and three keratinocyte cell types (carboxylase activities decreased to 2-11% of maximal); intermediate in primary astrocytes and C6 glioma (decreased to 12-28%), and least in SAOS2 sarcoma and skin fibroblasts (decreased to 32-85%). Transformed and untransformed cell lines of the same cell type showed similar sensitivity. We conclude that cultures of different transformed CNS and keratinocyte cell types allow the study of effects of biotin deprivation. Carboxylase activities of neurons, oligodendroglia, and keratinocytes were much more sensitive to biotin depletion than fibroblasts. This may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of neurological and cutaneous abnormalities in congenital biotinidase deficiency where recycling of biotin is deficient.
|
['Animals', 'Biotin', 'Brain', 'Carboxy-Lyases', 'Cell Line', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Culture Media', 'Fibroblasts', 'Humans', 'Keratinocytes', 'Kinetics', 'Mice', 'Mitochondria', 'Neurons', 'Oligodendroglia', 'Rats', 'Skin']
| 12,214,565
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.383.129.308.080', 'D08.211.096'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D08.811.520.224.125'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.251'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['A11.329.228'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.409.500', 'A11.436.397'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['A08.637.600', 'A11.650.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['A17.815']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hepatitis C virus genotyping versus serotyping in Egyptian patients.
|
BACKGROUND: The RNA genome of hepatitis C virus (HCV) displays extensive sequence variation. In this study, serotyping and genotyping techniques were applied to assess this variability by comparing the performance of the serotyping assay with a panel of well-characterized HCV strains isolated from chronic active hepatitis (CAH) patients.PATIENTS AND METHODS: 60 serum samples from CAH patients were analyzed. All isolates were genotyped by a line probe assay and the results of genotyping and serotyping were evaluated.RESULTS: The overall sensitivity of the serotyping and genotyping techniques was 81.16% with a concordance of 73.3%. Type 4 was detected in 73.3% of cases and it was highly heterogeneous.CONCLUSION: Type 4 HCV is the most prevalent type in Egyptian CAH patients and there is a high concordance between the results of serotyping and genotyping techniques.
|
['Egypt', 'Genotype', 'Hepacivirus', 'Hepatitis C', 'Humans', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Serotyping', 'Viremia']
| 11,261,753
|
[['Z01.058.266.317'], ['G05.380'], ['B04.450.380', 'B04.820.578.344.475'], ['C01.221.250.750', 'C01.925.440.440', 'C01.925.782.350.350', 'C06.552.380.705.440'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.225.812.742', 'E01.370.225.875.150.125.890', 'E05.200.812.742', 'E05.200.875.150.125.890', 'E05.478.594.780'], ['C01.925.937', 'C23.550.470.790.500.900']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
The mortality component of health status indexes.
|
The mortality component of contemporary health indexes is discussed. Since these indexes reduce to mortality indexes when only life and death states enter the analysis, they share the conceptual weaknesses of mortality indexes. Also, they do not incorporate consumption variables explicity and therefore provide no structure for relating health status and living standard. Some attention is devoted to methodological problems of assessing survival probabilities, either from survey or experimental data or from beliefs of experts or individuals who are affected directly. The final section deals with individual preferences for survival lotteries. Conceptual weaknesses of common indexes are discussed, several canonical models for survival preferences are presented, the interdependence of individual utilities is discussed, and methods for eliciting individual survival preferences are considered, along with some illustrative empirical results.
|
['Choice Behavior', 'Decision Making', 'Health Services', 'Health Status Indicators', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Mortality']
| 1,030,695
|
[['F02.463.785.373.346'], ['F02.463.785.373'], ['N02.421'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599'], ['E05.318.308.985.550', 'N01.224.935.698', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Clinical outcome in gastrointestinal stromal tumor patients who interrupted imatinib after achieving stable disease or better response.
|
BACKGROUND: Imatinib has been found to be effective in the treatment of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). We sought to evaluate the clinical outcome of imatinib interruption in GIST patients who had achieved stable disease (SD) or showed better response to imatinib therapy.METHODS: From July 2001 to December 2004, we prospectively collected clinical data from 62 consecutive patients with advanced GIST, of whom 58 (93.5%) achieved SD or better response to imatinib therapy and were included in this study. Imatinib therapy was interrupted in 14 of the 58 patients (interruption group, INT), after a median time of 11.9 months. Progression-free survival (PFS) after imatinib interruption was calculated and imatinib-refractory PFS and overall survival (OS) were compared between the INT group and the 44 patients who continued imatinib treatment (continuation group, CONT).RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 17.9 months following imatinib interruption, nine patients (64%) had progressive disease (PD) with a median PFS from the date of imatinib interruption of 10.0 months. Median PFS dated from the time of imatinib initiation in the INT group was 21.8 months (95% CI, 17.3-26.3 months), but was not reached in the CONT group (P=0.029). Following imatinib reintroduction in the INT group, 88% of patients achieved disease control. There were no statistically significant differences in imatinib-refractory PFS (P=0.405) and OS (P=0.498) between the groups.CONCLUSION: In GIST patients controlled with imatinib, treatment might be interrupted, at least temporarily, when clinically warranted.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Benzamides', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Female', 'Gastrointestinal Neoplasms', 'Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors', 'Humans', 'Imatinib Mesylate', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Piperazines', 'Prospective Studies', 'Pyrimidines', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 17,068,083
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['D02.065.277', 'D02.241.223.100.100', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.085'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['E02.319.283'], ['C04.588.274.476', 'C06.301.371', 'C06.405.249'], ['C04.557.450.565.370', 'C06.301.371.308', 'C06.405.249.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.065.277.456', 'D02.241.223.100.100.435', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.085.465', 'D03.383.606.405', 'D03.383.742.349'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D03.383.606'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D03.383.742'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Lower Face Reconstruction Using the Visor Flap.
|
We present an alternative method instead of classical methods for lower face reconstruction in this study involving clinical experiences. We aimed to achieve more esthetic and functional results using visor flap. This flap has been used for the reconstruction of lower lip and submental region in two patients. Satisfactory functional and cosmetic outcomes were obtained in patients. Flaps and donor sides healed with no complications. The hair follicles on the flap continued to grow in new locations. The visor flap is a useful alternative method for lower face reconstruction. This technique offers perfect color and texture matching and hair growth.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Humans', 'Lip', 'Male', 'Neck', 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures', 'Surgical Flaps']
| 31,567,768
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.456.505.631.515', 'A14.549.336'], ['A01.598'], ['E04.680'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Regulation of chromosome segregation by Glc8p, a structural homolog of mammalian inhibitor 2 that functions as both an activator and an inhibitor of yeast protein phosphatase 1.
|
The Ipl1 protein kinase is essential for proper chromosome segregation and cell viability in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We have previously shown that the temperature-sensitive growth phenotype of conditional ipl1-1ts mutants can be suppressed by a partial loss-of-function mutation in the GLC7 gene, which encodes the catalytic subunit (PP1C) of protein phosphatase 1, thus suggesting that this enzyme acts in opposition to the Ipl1 protein kinase in regulating yeast chromosome segregation. We report here that the Glc8 protein, which is related in primary sequence to mammalian inhibitor 2, also participates in this regulation. Like inhibitor 2, the Glc8 protein is heat stable, exhibits anomalous electrophoretic mobility, and functions in vitro as an inhibitor of yeast as well as rabbit skeletal muscle PP1C. Interestingly, overexpression as well as deletion of the GLC8 gene results in a partial suppression of the temperature-sensitive growth phenotype of ipl1ts mutants and also moderately reduces the amount of protein phosphatase 1 activity which is assayable in crude yeast lysates. In addition, the chromosome missegregation phenotype caused by an increase in the dosage of GLC7 is totally suppressed by the glc8-delta 101::LEU2 deletion mutation. These findings together suggest that the Glc8 protein is involved in vivo in the activation of PP1C and that when the Glc8 protein is overproduced, it may also inhibit PP1C function. Furthermore, site-directed mutagenesis studies of GLC8 suggest that Thr-118 of the Glc8 protein, which is equivalent to Thr-72 of inhibitor 2, may play a central role in the ability of this protein to activate and/or inhibit PP1C in vivo.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Aurora Kinases', 'Base Sequence', 'Chromosomes', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Genetic Complementation Test', 'Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Mitosis', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phosphoprotein Phosphatases', 'Protein Kinases', 'Protein Phosphatase 1', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Rabbits', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid']
| 7,565,759
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.103', 'D12.776.167.049'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.284.187', 'A11.284.430.106.279.345.190', 'G05.360.162'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['D12.776.354'], ['E05.393.281.526'], ['D12.644.360', 'D12.776.476'], ['G04.144.220.220.781', 'G05.113.220.781'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.625'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.625.687'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['D12.776.828'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['E05.393.751'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Detection of probable dementia cases in undiagnosed patients using structured and unstructured electronic health records.
|
BACKGROUND: Dementia is underdiagnosed in both the general population and among Veterans. This underdiagnosis decreases quality of life, reduces opportunities for interventions, and increases health-care costs. New approaches are therefore necessary to facilitate the timely detection of dementia. This study seeks to identify cases of undiagnosed dementia by developing and validating a weakly supervised machine-learning approach that incorporates the analysis of both structured and unstructured electronic health record (EHR) data.METHODS: A topic modeling approach that included latent Dirichlet allocation, stable topic extraction, and random sampling was applied to VHA EHRs. Topic features from unstructured data and features from structured data were compared between Veterans with (n = 1861) and without (n = 9305) ICD-9 dementia codes. A logistic regression model was used to develop dementia prediction scores, and manual reviews were conducted to validate the machine-learning results.RESULTS: A total of 853 features were identified (290 topics, 174 non-dementia ICD codes, 159 CPT codes, 59 medications, and 171 note types) for the development of logistic regression prediction scores. These scores were validated in a subset of Veterans without ICD-9 dementia codes (n = 120) by experts in dementia who performed manual record reviews and achieved a high level of inter-rater agreement. The manual reviews were used to develop a receiver of characteristic (ROC) curve with different thresholds for case detection, including a threshold of 0.061, which produced an optimal sensitivity (0.825) and specificity (0.832).CONCLUSIONS: Dementia is underdiagnosed, and thus, ICD codes alone cannot serve as a gold standard for diagnosis. However, this study suggests that imperfect data (e.g., ICD codes in combination with other EHR features) can serve as a silver standard to develop a risk model, apply that model to patients without dementia codes, and then select a case-detection threshold. The study is one of the first to utilize both structured and unstructured EHRs to develop risk scores for the diagnosis of dementia.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Delayed Diagnosis', 'Dementia', 'Electronic Health Records', 'Female', 'Humans', 'International Classification of Diseases', 'Machine Learning', 'Male', 'Veterans']
| 31,288,818
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.110', 'E02.760.273', 'N02.421.585.273'], ['C10.228.140.380', 'F03.615.400'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.625.500', 'N04.452.859.564.650.125', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.530.250', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968.625.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.945.400'], ['G17.035.250.500', 'L01.224.050.375.530'], ['M01.930']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Pheromone binding by polymorphic mouse major urinary proteins.
|
Mouse major urinary proteins (MUPs) have been proposed to play a role in regulating the release and capture of pheromones. Here, we report affinity measurements of five recombinant urinary MUP isoforms (MUPs-I, II, VII, VIII, and IX) and one recombinant nasal isoform (MUP-IV) for each of three pheromonal ligands, (+/-)-2-sec-butyl-4,5-dihydrothiazole (SBT), 6-hydroxy-6-methyl-3-heptanone (HMH), and (+/-)dehydro-exo-brevicomin (DHB). Dissociation constants for all MUP-pheromone pairs were determined by isothermal titration calorimetry, and data for SBT were corroborated by measurements of intrinsic protein fluorescence. We also report the isolation of MUP-IV protein from mouse nasal extracts, in which MUP-IV mRNA has been observed previously. The affinity of each MUP isoform for SBT (K(d) approximately 0.04 to 0.9 micro M) is higher than that for DHB (K(d) approximately 26 to 58 micro M), which in turn is higher than that for HMH (K(d) approximately 50 to 200 micro M). Isoforms I, II, VIII, and IX show very similar affinities for each of the ligands. MUP-VII has approximately twofold higher affinity for SBT but approximately twofold lower affinity for the other pheromones, whereas MUP-IV has approximately 23-fold higher affinity for SBT and approximately fourfold lower affinity for the other pheromones. The variations in ligand affinities of the MUP isoforms are consistent with structural differences in the binding cavities of the isoforms. The data indicate that the concentrations of available pheromones in urine may be influenced by changes in the expression levels of urinary MUPs or the excretion levels of other MUP ligands. The variation in pheromone affinities of the urinary MUP isoforms provides only limited support for the proposal that MUP heterogeneity plays a role in regulating profiles of available pheromones. However, the binding data support the proposed role of nasal MUPs in sequestering pheromones and possibly transporting them to their receptors.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Calorimetry', 'Female', 'Ligands', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Molecular Structure', 'Nasal Mucosa', 'Pheromones', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Isoforms', 'Proteins', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Substrate Specificity', 'Vomeronasal Organ']
| 12,192,080
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.196.131'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['A04.531.520', 'A04.760.600', 'A10.615.550.760.600'], ['D23.641'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776.800'], ['D12.776'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E05.393.751'], ['G02.111.835'], ['A09.531.940']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Apatinib Inhibits Angiogenesis Via Suppressing Akt/GSK3â/ANG Signaling Pathway in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer.
|
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is one of the most lethal human malignancies, and there is no efficient method to slow its process. Apatinib, a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has been confirmed for its efficacy and safety in the treatment of advanced gastric carcinoma patients. However, the effects of Apatinib in ATC are still unknown.METHODS: In this study, we explored the effects and mechanisms of Apatinib on tumor growth and angiogenesis in vitro and in vitro in ATC cells. Angiogenesis antibodies array was utilized to detect the expression of angiogenesis-related genes after Apatinib treatment in ATC cells. In addition, we used Akt activator, Akt inhibitor and GSK3â inhibitor to further study the mechanism for how Apatinib suppressed angiogenesis.RESULTS: Apatinib treatment could suppress the growth of ATC cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner via inducing apoptosis and blocking cell cycle progression at G0/G1 phase. Moreover, Apatinib treatment decreased the expression of angiogenin (ANG) and inhibited angiogenesis of ATC cells in vitro and in vitro. We further confirmed that recombinant human ANG (rhANG) significantly abrogated Apatinib-mediated anti-angiogenic ability in ATC cells. Additionally, Apatinib treatment decreased the level of p-Akt and p-GSK3â. Moreover, the Apatinib-mediated decrease of ANG and anti-angiogenic ability were partly reversed when an Akt activator, SC79, was administered. Furthermore, the anti-angiogenic ability of Apatinib can be enhanced in the presence of Akt inhibitor, and the inhibition of GSK3â attenuated the anti-angiogenic ability of Apatinib.CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that Apatinib treatment inhibited tumor growth, and Apatinib-induced suppression of Akt/GSK3â/ANG signaling pathway may play an important role in the inhibition of angiogenesis in ATC, supporting a potential therapeutic approach for using Apatinib in the treatment of ATC.
|
['Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'G1 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints', 'Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta', 'Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Nude', 'Neovascularization, Physiologic', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'Pyridines', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Ribonuclease, Pancreatic', 'Signal Transduction', 'Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic', 'Thyroid Neoplasms', 'Transplantation, Heterologous']
| 29,190,616
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G04.144.109.249', 'G04.144.500.320.500'], ['D05.500.117.875.500', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.429.500.500', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.625.500', 'D12.644.360.300.500.500', 'D12.776.476.081.875.500', 'D12.776.476.300.500.500'], ['A11.436.275.682'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['G09.330.630'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.755', 'D12.776.476.565', 'D12.776.624.664.700.168'], ['D03.383.725'], ['D12.776.828'], ['D08.811.277.352.355.350.715', 'D08.811.277.352.700.350.715'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['C04.557.470.200.725'], ['C04.588.322.894', 'C04.588.443.915', 'C19.344.894', 'C19.874.788'], ['E04.936.764']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Histamine H1 receptor activation blocks two classes of potassium current, IK(rest) and IAHP, to excite ferret vagal afferents.
|
1. Intracellular recordings were made in intact and acutely dissociated vagal afferent neurones (nodose ganglion cells) of the ferret to investigate the membrane effects of histamine. 2. In current-clamp or voltage-clamp recordings, histamine (10 microM) depolarized the membrane potential (10 +/- 0.8 mV; mean +/- S.E.M.; n = 27) or produced an inward current of 1.6 +/- 0.35 nA (n = 27) in approximately 80% of the neurones. 3. Histamine (10 microM) also blocked the post-spike slow after-hyperpolarization (AHP slow) present in 80% of these neurones (95 +/- 3.2%; n = 5). All neurones possessing AHPslow in ferret nodose were C fibre neurones; all AHPslow neurones had conduction velocities < or = 1 m s-1 (n = 7). 4. Both the histamine-induced inward current and the block of AHPslow were concentration dependent and each had an estimated EC50 value of 2 microM. These histamine-induced effects were mimicked by the histamine H1 receptor agonist 2-(2-aminoethyl) thiazole dihydrochloride (10 microM) and blocked by the H1 antagonists pyrilamine (100 nM) or diphenhydramine (100 nM). Schild plot analysis of the effect of pyrilamine on the histamine-induced inward current revealed a pA2 value of 9.7, consistent with that expected for an H1 receptor. Neither impromidine (10 microM) nor R(-)-alpha-methylhistamine (10 microM), selective H2 or H3 agonists, respectively, significantly affected the membrane potential, input resistance or AHPslow. 5. The reversal potential (Vrev) for the histamine-induced inward current was -84 +/- 2.1 mV (n = 4). The Vrev for the histamine response shifted in a Nernstian manner with changes in the extracellular potassium concentration. Alterations in the extracellular chloride concentration had no significant effect on the Vrev of the histamine response (n = 3). The Vrev for the AHPslow was -85 +/- 1.7 mV (n = 4). 6. These results indicate that histamine increases the excitability of ferret vagal afferent somata by interfering with two classes of potassium current: the resting or 'leak' potassium current (IK(rest)) and the potassium current underlying a post-spike slow after-hyperpolarization (IAHP). Both these effects can occur in the same neurone and involve activation of the same histamine receptor subtype, the histamine H1 receptor.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Animals', 'Diphenhydramine', 'Electric Conductivity', 'Ferrets', 'Histamine', 'Histamine Agonists', 'Histamine H1 Antagonists', 'Impromidine', 'Male', 'Methylhistamines', 'Neurons, Afferent', 'Nodose Ganglion', 'Patch-Clamp Techniques', 'Potassium', 'Potassium Channel Blockers', 'Pyrilamine', 'Receptors, Histamine H1', 'Thiazoles', 'Vagus Nerve']
| 9,379,409
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.092.471.320', 'D02.455.426.559.389.115.250'], ['G01.358.500.249.277'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.575.350'], ['D02.092.211.215.501', 'D02.092.471.440', 'D03.383.129.308.373', 'D23.469.050.300'], ['D27.505.519.625.375.400', 'D27.505.696.577.375.400'], ['D27.505.519.625.375.425.400', 'D27.505.696.577.375.425.400'], ['D02.078.370.500', 'D03.383.129.308.445'], ['D02.092.211.215.501.621', 'D02.092.471.440.500', 'D03.383.129.308.373.500'], ['A08.675.650', 'A11.671.650'], ['A08.340.390.550', 'A08.800.050.050.925.550', 'A08.800.050.600.825.550', 'A08.800.350.550', 'A08.800.800.060.920.550', 'A08.800.800.120.900.550'], ['E05.200.500.905', 'E05.242.800'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['D27.505.519.562.500', 'D27.505.954.411.645'], ['D03.383.725.050.805'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.450.300', 'D12.776.543.750.695.350', 'D12.776.543.750.720.480.300'], ['D02.886.675', 'D03.383.129.708'], ['A08.800.050.050.925', 'A08.800.050.600.825', 'A08.800.800.060.920', 'A08.800.800.120.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Two formats of enzyme immunoassay for the detection of saxitoxin and other paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins.
|
A competitive direct enzyme-linked immunofiltration assay for the detection of saxitoxin was developed, using polyclonal antibodies against saxitoxin and a saxitoxin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate. The test was performed in an eight-well plastic test device, in which antibody-coated nylon membranes were pressed tightly to an absorbent cellulose layer. Saxitoxin standard or sample extract solution, saxitoxin-conjugate, and enzyme substrate/chromogen solution were sequentially added on to the membrane. The test was evaluated visually by comparing the intensity of the resulting coloured (blue) dot with that of a negative control. The detection limits for saxitoxin in buffer solution and in shellfish tissue were 4 ng/ml and 80 ng/g respectively, with an assay time of less than 15 min. Under the conditions of the immunofiltration assay, decarbamoyl-saxitoxin, gonyautoxin 2/3, and neosaxitoxin standards (in buffer) gave a positive response at concentrations of about 10 ng/ml, 40 ng/ml, and 80 ng/ml, respectively. The relative cross-reactivity of the antibody to these PSPs was similar when determined using both direct and indirect (using a saxitoxin-bovine serum albumin conjugate) competitive enzyme immunoassays in microtitre plate format. In competitive direct microtitre plate assays, the 50% binding values found for saxitoxin, decarbamoyl-saxitoxin, gonyautoxin 2/3 and neosaxitoxin were 15 pg/ml, 47.5 pg/ml, 163.5 pg/ml, and 510 pg/ml respectively. In competitive indirect microtitre assay, the respective values were 138 pg/ml, 404 pg/ml, 1582 pg/ml, and 6982 pg/ml.
|
['Animals', 'Bivalvia', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Marine Toxins', 'Saxitoxin', 'Shellfish']
| 7,664,935
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.644.080'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['D23.946.580'], ['D03.633.100.759.794', 'D20.888.590.662', 'D23.946.580.590.662', 'D23.946.580.830', 'D23.946.833.590.662'], ['G07.203.300.600.875.700', 'J02.500.600.875.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
In situ coating--an approach for particle modification and encapsulation of proteins during spray-drying.
|
In this paper, we present a method for in situ coating of individual protein particles in a respirable size. The aim of the coating was to influence the particle/powder properties, and to reduce or prevent surface-induced conformational changes of the protein, during spray-drying, which was the method used for simultaneously preparing and coating particles. The investigated formulations included bovine serum albumin (BSA), trehalose and either of the two non-ionic polymers, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide) triblock co-polymer (Poloxamer 188). Complete protein coating as measured by electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) was achieved at a polymer concentration of approximately 1% of the total solids weight, and could be predicted from the dynamic surface tension at the air/water interface, as measured by the pendant drop method. Further, particle properties such as: size, dissolution time, powder flowability, and apparent particle density, as measured by gas pycnometry, were affected by the type and concentration of the polymer. In addition, the particle surface morphology could possibly be correlated to the surface elasticity of the droplet surface during drying. Moreover, an extensive investigation (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, circular dichroism and size exclusion chromatography) of the structural effects of protein encapsulated in a polymeric coating suggested that in situ coating provide particulate formulations with preserved native conformation and with a high stability during rehydration.
|
['Calorimetry, Differential Scanning', 'Chromatography, Gel', 'Circular Dichroism', 'Drug Compounding', 'Elasticity', 'Hypromellose Derivatives', 'Methylcellulose', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Pharmaceutical Preparations', 'Poloxamer', 'Polymers', 'Proteins', 'Serum Albumin, Bovine', 'Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared', 'Surface Properties', 'Surface Tension', 'Trehalose', 'Viscosity']
| 16,887,302
|
[['E05.196.131.310', 'E05.196.370.310'], ['E05.196.181.400.250'], ['E05.196.867.151'], ['E05.916.270'], ['G01.374.590'], ['D05.750.078.562.180.357', 'D09.698.365.180.455', 'D25.720.099.500.719', 'J01.637.051.720.099.500.719'], ['D09.698.365.180.663'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['D26'], ['D02.033.455.250.700.682', 'D05.750.741.667', 'D25.720.741.667', 'J01.637.051.720.741.667'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['D12.776'], ['D12.776.034.841.540', 'D12.776.124.727.875'], ['E05.196.712.726.676.700', 'E05.196.867.826.676.700'], ['G02.860'], ['G02.860.816'], ['D09.698.365.900', 'D09.698.629.305.880', 'D09.947.750.880'], ['G02.930']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Outcome of the perioperative use of percutaneous cardiopulmonary support for adult cardiac surgery: factors affecting hospital mortality.
|
Percutaneous cardiopulmonary bypass support (PCPS) has become a widespread standard modality for the treatment of circulatory collapse; however, its clinical use for postcardiotomy low cardiac output syndrome (LOS) has been reported to be unsatisfactory. We reviewed the clinical outcomes of twenty-three patients undergoing cardiac surgery and treated with PCPS. Solitary coronary artery grafting was undertaken for nine patients, while three had concomitant procedures. The remaining patients underwent valvular surgery. The indications for PCPS were preoperative shock in two patients and postcardiotomy LOS or shock in twenty-one patients. All patients except one underwent an intraaortic balloon pump. Sixteen of the twenty-three patients (69.6%) were weaned from PCPS and twelve patients (52.2%) reached hospital discharge. A univariate analysis revealed that risk factors for hospital mortality were age older than seventy years (P = 0.05), PCPS running time (P = 0.017), low cardiac function at the institution of PCPS (P = 0.004), and urine output within the initial 24 h (P = 0.041). The cardiac index (CI) in survivors was improved within 24 h, and eleven of the twelve survivors were weaned off PCPS within 48 h, whereas ten of the twelve nonsurvivors required PCPS for more than 48 h (P = 0.0006). There is little possibility of weaning patients from PCPS who do not show any signs of hemodynamic recovery within 48 h after its institution. Limited use of PCPS within 48 h may be applicable for postcardiotomy patients, but other cardiopulmonary support, such as a left ventricular assist device, may be required when hemodynamic recovery is not obtained within 48 h.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Assisted Circulation', 'Cardiac Output', 'Female', 'Heart Diseases', 'Heart-Lung Machine', 'Hemodynamics', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Humans', 'Japan', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care', 'Perioperative Care', 'Risk Factors', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Time Factors', 'Urine']
| 14,961,959
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.050'], ['E01.370.370.380.150', 'G09.330.380.124'], ['C14.280'], ['E07.858.082.458'], ['G09.330.380'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.400', 'N01.224.935.698.400', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.400', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N04.761.559', 'N05.715.360.575'], ['E02.760.731', 'E04.604', 'N02.421.585.722'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['G01.910.857'], ['A12.207.927']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Activation of the mTOR pathway in primary medullary thyroid carcinoma and lymph node metastases.
|
PURPOSE: Understanding the molecular pathogenesis of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is prerequisite to the design of targeted therapies for patients with advanced disease.EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We studied by immunohistochemistry the phosphorylation status of proteins of the RAS/MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways in 53 MTC tissues (18 hereditary, 35 sporadic), including 51 primary MTCs and 2 cases with only lymph node metastases (LNM). We also studied 21 autologous LNMs, matched to 21 primary MTCs. Staining was graded on a 0 to 4 scale (S score) based on the percentage of positive cells. We also studied the functional relevance of the mTOR pathway by measuring cell viability, motility, and tumorigenicity upon mTOR chemical blockade.RESULTS: Phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 (pS6), a downstream target of mTOR, was evident (S ? 1) in 49 (96%) of 51 primary MTC samples. This was associated with activation of AKT (phospho-Ser473, S > 1) in 79% of cases studied. Activation of pS6 was also observed (S ? 1) in 7 (70%) of 10 hereditary C-cell hyperplasia specimens, possibly representing an early stage of C-cell transformation. It is noteworthy that 22 (96%) of 23 LNMs had a high pS6 positivity (S ? 3), which was increased compared with autologous matched primary MTCs (P = 0.024). Chemical mTOR blockade blunted viability (P < 0.01), motility (P < 0.01), and tumorigenicity (P < 0.01) of human MTC cells.CONCLUSION: The AKT/mTOR pathway is activated in MTC, particularly, in LNMs. This pathway sustains malignant features of MTC cell models. These findings suggest that targeting mTOR might be efficacious in patients with advanced MTC.
|
['Animals', 'Carcinoma', 'Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Survival', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred NOD', 'Mice, SCID', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Processing, Post-Translational', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret', 'Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases', 'Signal Transduction', 'Sirolimus', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Thymus Hyperplasia', 'Thyroid Neoplasms', 'Tissue Array Analysis', 'Tumor Burden', 'Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays']
| 22,753,663
|
[['B01.050'], ['C04.557.470.200'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.240', 'C04.557.470.200.025.370', 'C04.557.580.625.650.240'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.346'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.565', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.565'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.780'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567', 'D12.644.360.450', 'D12.776.476.450'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600', 'G02.111.691.600', 'G03.734.871.790.600', 'G05.308.670.600'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.755', 'D12.776.476.565', 'D12.776.624.664.700.168'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.087', 'D12.776.395.550.200.188.500', 'D12.776.543.131.500', 'D12.776.543.750.630.217', 'D12.776.624.664.700.194'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.862', 'D12.644.360.600', 'D12.776.476.600'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D02.540.505.760'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.931', 'D12.776.476.925'], ['C15.604.816'], ['C04.588.322.894', 'C04.588.443.915', 'C19.344.894', 'C19.874.788'], ['E05.588.570.850'], ['E05.041.124.892'], ['E05.337.550.200.900', 'E05.624.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Impacts of ozone on the biomass and yield of rice in open-top chambers.
|
The impacts of different O3 concentration on the biomass and yield of rice were studied by using OTC-1 open-top chambers. Experimental treatments included the activated charcoal-filtered air (CFA), 50 nl/L (CF50), 100 nl/L (CF100) and 200 nl/L (CF200) concentrations of O3. The O3 treatments significantly decreased the total biomass per plant. The elevated O3 exposure resulted in a more decrease in the root growth than in the shoot growth. Assessments of yield characteristics at the final harvest revealed an O3-induced decrease in the number of grains per plant, resulting from fewer ears per plant, fewer grains per ear and more unfilled grains per ear. The 1000 grain dry weight and the harvest index (HI) were not changed significantly under 50 nl/L or 100 nl/L O3 exposure, but reduced by 17.0% and 4.8% by 200 nl/L O3 treatment, respectively. Compared to the CFA treatment, CF50, CF100 and CF200 treatments caused a 8.2%, 26.1%, 49.1% decrease of the grain yield per plant, and a 14.2%, 31.7%, 51.7% decrease of the total biomass per plant, respectively. Linear regression showed that the 7 h-daily mean O3 concentration exposure for 3 months (July-September) and AOT40 (cumulative exposure accumulation over threshold 40 nl/L) were well correlated with the relative grain yield. A yield loss of 10% was estimated to be at 46.9 nl/L O3 for 7 h-daily mean O3 concentration exposure or at 12930 nl/(L.h) O3 for AOT40.
|
['Air Pollutants', 'Atmosphere Exposure Chambers', 'Biomass', 'Charcoal', 'Linear Models', 'Oryza', 'Ozone', 'Plant Stems', 'Seeds']
| 11,590,749
|
[['D27.888.284.101'], ['E07.079'], ['G16.500.275.157.100', 'N06.230.124.100'], ['D01.268.150.150'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.616'], ['D01.362.670.600'], ['A18.024.937'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[The effect of anterior or posterior tibial tunnel placement of a soft tissue graft with a soft tissue interference screw on fixation biomechanics].
|
OBJECTIVES: We investigated the biomechanical characteristics of anterior or posterior tibial tunnel placement of the soft tissue graft with a soft tissue interference screw in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.METHODS: Twelve bovine tibiae and digital extensor tendons were divided into two homogeneously equal groups after they were stripped of all soft tissues. Tibial tunnels were prepared and digital extensor tendons were fixed at nonanatomic (apart from the joint) anterior (n=6, group I) or posterior (n=6, group II) tibial tunnel positions with a soft tissue metal interference screw, 9x30 mm in size. All the specimens were cycled 500 times from 50 to 250 N at 1 Hz frequency in a servo hydraulic test device, after which ultimate load-at-failure testing was performed at a rate of 20 mm/min.RESULTS: The mean screw insertion torque values were 8.2+/-2.4 Nm and 8.4+/-2.8 Nm in groups I and II, respectively (p=0.88). No significant differences were found between the two groups with respect to graft displacement (1.9+/-0.8 mm vs 2.3+/-0.4 mm; p=0.38) and stiffness (132.7+/-10.9 N/mm vs 126.4+/-8.5 N/mm, p=0.98) at the end of cyclic loading.CONCLUSION: Our results show that the site of nonanatomic soft tissue graft fixation in the tibial tunnel (anterior or posterior) with a soft tissue interference screw do not affect the biomechanical parameters in ACL reconstruction.
|
['Animals', 'Anterior Cruciate Ligament', 'Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Bone Screws', 'Cattle', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Tendons', 'Tibia']
| 16,531,702
|
[['B01.050'], ['A02.513.514.100', 'A02.835.583.512.100', 'A10.165.669.514.100'], ['C26.558.554.213'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['E07.695.370.437', 'E07.858.442.660.460.437', 'E07.858.690.725.460.437'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['A02.880'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.883']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of food on the bioavailability of lisinopril, a nonsulfhydryl angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor.
|
A randomized, two-way, crossover study was performed on 18 normal volunteers to assess the influence of food on the bioavailability of lisinopril, (1-[N2-[(S)-1-carboxy-3-phenylpropyl]-L-lysyl]-L-proline), a long-acting nonsulfhydryl angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor. A single, 20-mg oral dose of lisinopril was administered to volunteers in the fasting state or following a standardized breakfast. Treatment periods were separated by 2-week intervals. No significant differences existed between fasting and fed regimens in the mean +/- SD area under the serum concentration-time curve (AUC0-120h; 1231 +/- 620 versus 1029 +/- 254 ng X h X ml-1), peak lisinopril serum concentration (86 +/- 48 versus 69 +/- 19 ng/mL), or time to peak lisinopril serum concentration (6.2 +/- 1.1 versus 6.8 +/- 1.0 h). Five-day urinary excretion of lisinopril was not altered by food (5.3 +/- 3.0 versus 5.1 +/- 2.0 mg). Based on the urinary data, the mean +/- SD bioavailability of lisinopril was not different following fasting or fed regimens (27 +/- 15 versus 26 +/- 10%). Unlike with captopril, food did not affect the bioavailability of lisinopril.
|
['Adult', 'Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Biological Availability', 'Enalapril', 'Food', 'Humans', 'Intestinal Absorption', 'Lisinopril', 'Time Factors']
| 3,014,110
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.085'], ['G03.787.151', 'G07.690.725.129'], ['D12.644.456.345.360'], ['G07.203.300', 'J02.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G03.015.500.374.500', 'G03.787.024.500.374.500', 'G07.203.650.372.500', 'G07.690.725.015.500.374.500', 'G10.261.353.500'], ['D12.644.456.345.600'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Role of epigenetics in human aging and longevity: genome-wide DNA methylation profile in centenarians and centenarians' offspring.
|
The role of epigenetics in the modulation of longevity has not been studied in humans. To this aim, (1) we evaluated the DNA methylation from peripheral leukocytes of 21 female centenarians, their 21 female offspring, 21 offspring of both non-long-lived parents, and 21 young women through ELISA assay, pyrosequencing analysis of Alu sequences, and quantification of methylation in CpG repeats outside CpG islands; (2) we compared the DNA methylation profiles of these populations through Infinium array for genome-wide CpG methylation analysis. We observed an age-related decrease in global DNA methylation and a delay of this process in centenarians' offspring. Interestingly, literature data suggest a link between the loss of DNA methylation observed during aging and the development of age-associated diseases. Genome-wide methylation analysis evidenced DNA methylation profiles specific for aging and longevity: (1) aging-associated DNA hypermethylation occurs predominantly in genes involved in the development of anatomical structures, organs, and multicellular organisms and in the regulation of transcription; (2) genes involved in nucleotide biosynthesis, metabolism, and control of signal transmission are differently methylated between centenarians' offspring and offspring of both non-long-lived parents, hypothesizing a role for these genes in human longevity. Our results suggest that a better preservation of DNA methylation status, a slower cell growing/metabolism, and a better control in signal transmission through epigenetic mechanisms may be involved in the process of human longevity. These data fit well with the observations related to the beneficial effects of mild hypothyroidism and insulin-like growth factor I system impairment on the modulation of human lifespan.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aging', 'DNA', 'DNA Methylation', 'Epigenesis, Genetic', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Genome-Wide Association Study', 'Humans', 'Longevity', 'Middle Aged', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Young Adult']
| 22,923,132
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G07.345.124'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G02.111.035.538.161', 'G02.111.218', 'G03.059.538.161', 'G05.206'], ['G05.308.203'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E05.318.370.392', 'E05.318.416.249', 'E05.393.385.500', 'E05.393.522.500', 'E05.393.760.640.500', 'N06.850.520.445.392', 'N06.850.520.470.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G07.345.124.519', 'G07.540'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Temporal sequence of pulmonary cytokine gene expression in response to endotoxin in C3H/HeN endotoxin-sensitive and C3H/HeJ endotoxin-resistant mice.
|
Although previous studies suggested that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) was a critical cytokine responsible for the inflammation observed after exposure to endotoxin, other mediators may also play an important role in the regulation of systemic inflammatory responses independent of TNF-alpha. The present study compared the temporal sequence of endotoxin-induced TNF-alpha, interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene expression and cellular localization of cytokine proteins in pulmonary tissue of two strains of mice that have a genetically based differential sensitivity to endotoxin. Lung tissue and plasma were harvested from endotoxin-sensitive C3H/HeN and endotoxin-resistant C3H/HeJ mice at 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h after intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 5 mg/kg endotoxin (Escherichia coli-derived lipopolysaccharide, serotype 0111:B4). There were significant elevations in both TNF-alpha gene and IL-1 alpha expression immediately (15 min) after endotoxin injection in C3H/HeN mice. Although levels of TNF-alpha mRNA in the two mouse strains were similar at 1-2 h, the IL-1 alpha gene expression in pulmonary tissue isolated from endotoxin-resistant mice was not comparable to the levels detected in C3H/HeN endotoxin-sensitive mice at the same times. The most dramatic difference in endotoxin-induced cytokine gene expression between the two strains of mice was in IL-10 mRNA levels in pulmonary tissue isolated from endotoxin-sensitive mice, compared to the lack of detectable increase in IL-10 gene expression in C3H/HeJ endotoxin-resistant mice above baseline at any time point examined. Quantitation of neutrophil infiltration into pulmonary tissue using immunochemical detection of GR-1, a myeloid differentiation-specific antibody, demonstrated that there was a significantly decreased inflammatory infiltrate in pulmonary tissue isolated from C3H/HeJ mice following endotoxin administration, which correlated with decreased levels of proinflammatory cytokine immunoreactive protein within pulmonary cells. Pulmonary cytokine synthesis and immunoreactive protein production did not directly correlate with either the magnitude or the temporal sequence of increases in plasma cytokine levels, suggesting that systemic levels of cytokines may not accurately reflect the cytokine response within the local tissue milieu. The present observations demonstrate that the differential synthesis and production of immunosuppressive cytokines as well as proinflammatory cytokines may be important variables in the determination of the extent of infiltration of inflammatory cells into the local pulmonary site in response to endotoxin and may significantly contribute to the determination of sensitivity or resistance to endotoxin in this murine model.
|
['Animals', 'Cytokines', 'Endotoxins', 'Gene Expression', 'Granulocytes', 'Inflammation', 'Inflammation Mediators', 'Interleukin-1', 'Interleukin-10', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Lung', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C3H', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Shock, Septic', 'Time Factors', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 7,595,058
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['D23.946.123.329'], ['G05.297'], ['A11.118.637.415', 'A11.148.350', 'A11.627.340', 'A15.145.229.637.415', 'A15.378.316.340', 'A15.382.490.315'], ['C23.550.470'], ['D23.469'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400', 'D23.529.374.465.131', 'D23.529.374.500.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.510', 'D12.776.467.374.465.510', 'D23.529.374.465.510'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['A04.411'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.388', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.388'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['C01.757.800', 'C23.550.470.790.500.800', 'C23.550.835.900.712'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Rapid formation of myometrial gap junctions during parturition in the unilaterally implanted rat uterus.
|
In uterine smooth muscles, gap junction plaques rapidly form during the final stages of gestation. To investigate the related mechanisms, regional differences in myometrial gap junction development in rat uterus were examined quantitatively during delivery, using thin-section and freeze-fracture techniques in combination with light- and electron microscopy. Examination of implanted and nonimplanted horns in the unilaterally ligated rat bicornuate uteri, revealed no differences in the occurrence of gap junction plaques, but after 2 to 4 pups had been delivered, the contracted segments contained more gap junction plaques than did noncontracted segments examined immediately before delivery. In all segments, gap junctions were found more frequently in the circular muscle layers than in the longitudinal muscle layers. Gap junctions ranged in size from 0.002 micron 2 to 0.52 micron 2, but two-thirds were less than 0.1 micron 2. The frequency of small gap junction plaques (less than 0.1 micron 2) was higher in the noncontracted segment. These results suggest that gap junctions are dynamic structures, and that their formation is controlled not only by general hormonal factors, possibly involved in gap junction increases in the myometrium before delivery, but also by local factors, possibly related to the contraction, that may accelerate an increase in gap junction formation during delivery.
|
['Animals', 'Embryo Implantation', 'Female', 'Freeze Fracturing', 'Intercellular Junctions', 'Labor, Obstetric', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Myometrium', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy, Animal', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains']
| 3,581,147
|
[['B01.050'], ['G08.686.784.170.104.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.620.260', 'E01.370.225.750.600.620.260', 'E05.200.500.620.620.260', 'E05.200.750.600.620.260'], ['A11.284.149.165.420'], ['G08.686.784.769.326'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['A02.633.570.500', 'A05.360.319.679.690', 'A10.690.467.500'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.784.769.498'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The frame turns also: factors in differential rotation in pictures.
|
When pictures of simple shapes (square, diamond) were seen frontally and obliquely, (1) the shapes with a deeper extent into pictured space underwent more rotation (Goldstein, 1979), which is an apparent turning to keep an orientation toward an observer's changing position; (2) there was little effect of whether the observer knew the picture surface's orientation in real space, except that such knowledge could prevent multistability; and (3) depicted picture frames also rotated. In other experiments, figural and frame rotations were independent of each other, and rotation was shown for real frames. The rotation of depthless depictions suggests that at least two rotational factors exist, one that involves the object's virtual depth and one that does not. The nature of this second factor is discussed. Frame rotation appeared to subtract from object rotation when the two were being compared; this could explain a paradox in picture perception: Depicted orientations often seem little changed over viewpoints, despite (apparent) rotations with respect to real-space coordinates.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Attention', 'Depth Perception', 'Discrimination Learning', 'Female', 'Field Dependence-Independence', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Optical Illusions', 'Orientation', 'Pattern Recognition, Visual']
| 8,255,712
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F02.830.104.214'], ['F02.463.593.200', 'F02.463.593.778.255'], ['F02.463.425.280'], ['F02.463.593.343'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F02.463.593.446.659'], ['F01.058.577', 'F02.830.606'], ['F02.463.593.524.500', 'F02.463.593.932.622']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella serotypes in chickens from retail markets in Yaounde (Cameroon).
|
From February 2006 to January 2007, 150 chickens were collected from eight retail markets in Yaounde, and 90 (60%) tested positive for Salmonella. Seventy-nine chickens were contaminated with only one Salmonella serotype, 10 with two different serotypes, and 1 with four serotypes. The most prevalent serotypes were Enteritidis (47 strains) and Hadar (29 strains). The isolates were tested for their susceptibilities to amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefoxitin, cefotaxime, gentamicin, streptomycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethazole by disk diffusion assay. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of ampicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, sulfonamides, and nalidixic acid were determined for the resistant strains by agar dilution method. Eleven isolates (10.7%) of the 103 tested were susceptible to all antimicrobials. Resistance was most observed to tetracycline (84.5%), streptomycin (44.7%), and nalidixic acid (34%). Forty-one isolates (39.8%) were multidrug resistant (resistant to three or more antimicrobials from different classes), of which 68.3% were Hadar and 21.9% Enteritidis. The most frequent resistant pattern in Hadar was streptomycin-tetracycline-nalidixic acid. These results highlight once more the need for surveillance of Salmonella contamination in poultry.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Cameroon', 'Chickens', 'Drug Resistance, Bacterial', 'Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial', 'Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field', 'Food Contamination', 'Meat', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Prevalence', 'Salmonella', 'Serotyping']
| 20,438,345
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['Z01.058.290.100.110'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['G06.099.225', 'G06.225.347', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347'], ['G06.099.225.812', 'G06.225.347.812', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.812', 'G07.690.773.984.300.500'], ['E05.196.401.220', 'E05.301.300.220'], ['J01.576.423.850.730.500.249', 'N06.850.460.400', 'N06.850.601.500.249'], ['G07.203.300.600', 'J02.500.600'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['B03.440.450.425.800', 'B03.660.250.150.710'], ['E01.370.225.812.742', 'E01.370.225.875.150.125.890', 'E05.200.812.742', 'E05.200.875.150.125.890', 'E05.478.594.780']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Comparison of 7.2% hypertonic saline - 6% hydroxyethyl starch solution and 6% hydroxyethyl starch solution after the induction of anesthesia in patients undergoing elective neurosurgical procedures.
|
OBJECTIVE: The ideal solution for fluid management during neurosurgical procedures remains controversial. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of a 7.2% hypertonic saline - 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HS-HES) solution and a 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) solution on clinical, hemodynamic and laboratory variables during elective neurosurgical procedures.METHODS: Forty patients scheduled for elective neurosurgical procedures were randomly assigned to the HS-HES group orthe HES group. Afterthe induction of anesthesia, patients in the HS-HES group received 250 mL of HS-HES (500 mL/h), whereas the patients in the HES group received 1,000 mL of HES (1000 mL/h). The monitored variables included clinical, hemodynamic and laboratory parameters. Chictr.org: ChiCTR-TRC-12002357RESULTS: The patients who received the HS-HES solution had a significant decrease in the intraoperative total fluid input (p<0.01), the volume of Ringer's solution required (p<0.05), the fluid balance (p<0.01) and their dural tension scores (p<0.05). The total urine output, blood loss, bleeding severity scores, operation duration and hemodynamic variables were similar in both groups (p>0.05). Moreover, compared with the HES group, the HS-HES group had significantly higher plasma concentrations of sodium and chloride, increasing the osmolality (p<0.01).CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that HS-HES reduced the volume of intraoperative fluid required to maintain the patients undergoing surgery and led to a decrease in the intraoperative fluid balance. Moreover, HS-HES improved the dural tension scores and provided satisfactory brain relaxation. Our results indicate that HS-HES may represent a new avenue for volume therapy during elective neurosurgical procedures.
|
['Adult', 'Anesthesia, Intravenous', 'Female', 'Fluid Therapy', 'Humans', 'Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives', 'Infusions, Intravenous', 'Intraoperative Period', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neurosurgical Procedures', 'Plasma Substitutes', 'Saline Solution, Hypertonic', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Water-Electrolyte Balance']
| 23,644,851
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E03.155.308'], ['E02.319.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D09.301.915.500', 'D09.698.365.855.500'], ['E02.319.267.082.500', 'E02.319.267.510.590'], ['E04.614.374', 'N02.421.585.753.374'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.525'], ['D27.505.954.502.140.500'], ['D26.776.314.890'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['G02.111.635.500', 'G03.615.500', 'G07.410.810.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A rare association between mitral valve fibroelastoma and myxomatous disease with severe mitral regurgitation.
|
We report a rare case of association between mitral valve fibroelastoma and myxomatous disease in a patient with long history of asymptomatic myxomatous disease and progressive severe mitral regurgitation. The tumor was an intraoperative transesophageal echocardiographic finding and was confirmed during surgery. The differential diagnosis of the echocardiographic image was infective endocarditis.
|
['Diagnosis, Differential', 'Echocardiography, Transesophageal', 'Fibroma', 'Heart Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mitral Valve', 'Mitral Valve Insufficiency', 'Myxoma', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 21,387,331
|
[['E01.171'], ['E01.370.350.130.750.235', 'E01.370.350.850.220.235', 'E01.370.370.380.220.235'], ['C04.557.450.565.590.340'], ['C04.588.894.309', 'C14.280.459'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A07.541.510.507'], ['C14.280.484.461'], ['C04.557.450.565.550'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
TLR4 engagement during TLR3-induced proinflammatory signaling in dendritic cells promotes IL-10-mediated suppression of antitumor immunity.
|
Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists are promising adjuvants for immune therapy of cancer, but their potential efficacy as single or combinatorial agents has yet to be fully evaluated. Here, we report that among all TLR agonists tested, dendritic cells (DC) stimulated with the TLR3 agonist polyI:C displayed the strongest activity in stimulating proinflammatory responses and the production of melanoma antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells. Simultaneous treatment with TLR7/8 agonists further improved these responses, but the inclusion of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a TLR4 agonist, suppressed proinflammatory cytokine production. This inhibition was contingent upon rapid induction of the suppressive cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 by LPS, leading to dysregulated immune responses and it could be reversed by signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 knockdown, p38 blockade or antibodies to IL-10 and its receptor. Our findings show how certain TLR agonist combinations can enhance or limit DC responses associated with antitumor immunity, through their relative ability to induce IL-10 pathways that are immune suppressive.
|
['Dendritic Cells', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-10', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Signal Transduction', 'Toll-Like Receptor 3', 'Toll-Like Receptor 4']
| 21,730,023
|
[['A11.066.270', 'A11.436.270', 'A15.382.066.270', 'A15.382.670.260'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.510', 'D12.776.467.374.465.510', 'D23.529.374.465.510'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.910.500.300'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.910.500.400']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Vortioxetine effects on quality of life of irritable bowel syndrome patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
|
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disease causing a substantial productivity loss with no definite treatment. Our study investigates the effects of vortioxetine vs placebo in enhancing the IBS patients' quality of life.METHODS: In a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized trial, adults with IBS, according to the ROME IV criteria, were randomized to placebo and vortioxetine for 6 weeks. Participants were visited every two weeks to fill IBS quality of life, hospital anxiety and depression scale, and adverse effect questionnaires.RESULTS: Eighty patients were randomized, and seventy-two finished the trial. Baseline characteristics of groups were similar. Both placebo and vortioxetine significantly increased the quality of life during course of the study (both P-values < .001), whereas vortioxetine demonstrated a greater increase (P-value < .001). According to the analysis of covariances, this enhancement was irrespective of depression or anxiety score changes (P-value = .002). Adverse effect profile was similar between the groups and can increase IBS patients' quality of life superior to placebo. Vortioxetine effects in our study were observed irrespective of the depression and anxiety levels.
|
['Adult', 'Antidepressive Agents', 'Anxiety', 'Depression', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Irritable Bowel Syndrome', 'Male', 'Quality of Life', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vortioxetine', 'Young Adult']
| 31,486,103
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.427.700.122'], ['F01.470.132'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.405.469.158.272.608'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['D03.383.606.990'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Miz1 is a signal- and pathway-specific modulator or regulator (SMOR) that suppresses TNF-alpha-induced JNK1 activation.
|
The proinflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha exerts its pleiotropic functions through activation of multiple downstream effectors, including JNK1. Yet, the underlying regulatory mechanism is incompletely understood. Here, we report that the transcription factor Myc-interacting zinc-finger protein 1 (Miz1) selectively suppresses TNF-alpha-induced JNK1 activation and cell death independently of its transcription activity. Proteomics analysis and yeast two-hybrid screening reveal that Miz1 is a JNK-associated protein. The TNF-alpha-induced activation of JNK1 is augmented in Miz1-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts (Miz1(-/-) MEFs), but the augmentation is abrogated by reintroduction of Miz1 or its transcription-deficient mutant. The regulation by Miz1 is highly specific, because it regulates TNF-alpha-induced TRAF2 K63-linked polyubiquitination. Neither JNK1 activation by IL-1beta or UV nor TNF-alpha-induced activation of p38, ERK, or IkappaB kinase complex is affected by the loss of Miz1. The TNF-alpha-induced cell death also is accelerated in Miz1(-/-) MEFs. Upon TNF-alpha stimulation, Miz1 is degraded rapidly by the proteasome, relieving its suppression on JNK1 activation. Thus, our results show that in addition to being a transcription factor Miz1 acts as a signal- and pathway-specific modulator or regulator that specifically regulates TNF-alpha-induced JNK1 activation and cell death.
|
['Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases', 'Humans', 'I-kappa B Kinase', 'Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Inhibitors of Activated STAT', 'Signal Transduction', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha', 'Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases', 'Ubiquitination', 'p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases']
| 19,815,509
|
[['D12.644.360.024', 'D12.776.157.057', 'D12.776.476.024'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.249', 'D12.644.360.450.169', 'D12.776.476.450.169'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.494', 'D12.644.360.361', 'D12.776.476.378'], ['D12.776.260.522', 'D12.776.930.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.374.500', 'D12.644.360.450.340.500', 'D12.776.476.450.340.500'], ['D12.776.660'], ['D05.500.562.500', 'D08.811.277.656.918', 'D08.811.600.730'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.644.360.024.319', 'D12.776.157.057.124', 'D12.776.476.024.402'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626'], ['D08.811.464.938.750'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600.925', 'G02.111.691.600.775', 'G03.734.871.790.600.831', 'G05.308.670.600.831'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.843', 'D12.644.360.450.835', 'D12.776.476.450.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of human vascular endothelial growth factor-d induces transient angiogenic effects in mouse hind limb muscle.
|
We evaluated the therapeutic potential of adenovirus (Ad)-mediated human vascular endothelial growth factor-D (hVEGF-D) gene delivery in mice. Hind limbs of hypercholesterolemic mice ( n = 120) were injected with AdhVEGF-D, AdhVEGF-A, control AdLacZ (all at 1x10(11)viral particles) or saline. Animals were killed at 4, 7, 14, 28, and 42 days. Newly formed vessels were characterized for their quantity, sprouting, angiogenic versus lymphangiogenic phenotype, and arterial versus venous phenotype by endothelial enzymes markers, pericyte coverage, and electron microscopy. Perfusion was measured by power Doppler ultrasound and edema by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). AdhVEGF-D induced significant formation of new blood vessels, which featured lumenal enlargement, branching, and sprouting. Branching originated mainly from arterioles. The highest vessel density was present on days 4-7 and the effect lasted up to 28 days. Endothelial marker enzyme activity indicated the predominance of arterial capillaries and arterioles. Forty percent of the neovessels were positive for desmin, indicating that VEGF-D increased pericyte coverage. However, branching vessels were highly positive for smooth muscle actin pericyte marker but negative for desmin. Maximal perfusion was measured during the first week after AdhVEGF-D gene transfer. Ultrastructural analysis showed endothelial cells enriched with vesiculo-vacuolar organelles and cytoplasmic protrusions. Modest lymphangiogenic activity was also detected, which could contribute to the relatively low level of edema detected by MRI. In conclusions, AdhVEGF-D has a strong angiogenic effect and a modest lymphangiogenic effect in mouse skeletal muscle. VEGF-D also increases the presence of pericytes/smooth muscle cells in neovessels. AdhVEGF-D is a potential new agent for the induction of therapeutic vascular growth in skeletal muscle.
|
['Adenoviridae', 'Animals', 'Blood Vessels', 'Desmin', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Humans', 'Lymphangiogenesis', 'Magnetic Resonance Angiography', 'Mice', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Neovascularization, Physiologic', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor', 'Transduction, Genetic', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D']
| 17,362,136
|
[['B04.280.030'], ['B01.050'], ['A07.015'], ['D05.750.078.593.200', 'D12.776.220.475.200'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.437'], ['E01.370.350.825.500.500', 'E01.370.370.050.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['G09.330.630'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.950', 'D12.776.543.750.630.750', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.910'], ['E05.393.350.800', 'G05.728.850'], ['E01.370.350.850.850'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.500', 'D12.776.467.100.800.500', 'D23.529.100.800.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Down-regulation of cell adhesion via rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) pathway promotes tumor cell migration on laminin-511.
|
Epithelial cells, both normal and precancerous, stably anchor to basement membranes, whereas malignant tumors pass through them to achieve metastasis. Of basement membrane components, laminin-511 (á5, â1, ã1; LM-511) has been found to be a major isoform in many adult basement membranes. Several studies have shown that LM-511 promotes not only cell adhesion but also tumor cell migration. Thus, LM-511 can be viewed like two distinct molecules in normal vs. tumor cells; tumor cells seem to be able to alter their response (adhesive vs. migratory) to LM-511. In this study we examined the effects of biologically active molecules on A549 lung adenocarcinoma cell adhesion to LM-511. Of them, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induced transition to a rounded cell shape and significantly promoted cell migration on LM-511. The attachment of PMA-treated A549 cells to LM-511 was weaker than that of control cells. PMA-stimulated signaling pathway reduced the binding of integrin á3â1 to LM-511. Cell migration assays using inhibitors for signal transduction and cytoskeletal organization showed that suppression of cell adhesion via the rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) pathway promoted tumor cell migration on LM-511. Our results suggest that the ROCK pathway is involved in the transition from static to migratory cell behaviors on LM-511.
|
['Actins', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Shape', 'Down-Regulation', 'Flow Cytometry', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Humans', 'Integrin alpha3beta1', 'Integrin alpha6', 'Laminin', 'Signal Transduction', 'Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate', 'Vinculin', 'rho-Associated Kinases']
| 27,068,375
|
[['D05.750.078.730.250', 'D12.776.210.500.100', 'D12.776.220.525.255'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['G04.022'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.320'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.685.300', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.850.249', 'D12.776.543.750.705.876.311'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.408.100.550'], ['D12.776.395.550.530', 'D12.776.543.550.500', 'D12.776.860.300.675'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D02.455.849.291.500.510.850'], ['D12.776.220.990'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.814', 'D12.644.360.590', 'D12.776.476.595']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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A structural basis for BRD2/4-mediated host chromatin interaction and oligomer assembly of Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus and murine gammaherpesvirus LANA proteins.
|
Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) establishes a lifelong latent infection and causes several malignancies in humans. Murine herpesvirus 68 (MHV-68) is a related ã2-herpesvirus frequently used as a model to study the biology of ã-herpesviruses in vivo. The KSHV latency-associated nuclear antigen (kLANA) and the MHV68 mLANA (orf73) protein are required for latent viral replication and persistence. Latent episomal KSHV genomes and kLANA form nuclear microdomains, termed 'LANA speckles', which also contain cellular chromatin proteins, including BRD2 and BRD4, members of the BRD/BET family of chromatin modulators. We solved the X-ray crystal structure of the C-terminal DNA binding domains (CTD) of kLANA and MHV-68 mLANA. While these structures share the overall fold with the EBNA1 protein of Epstein-Barr virus, they differ substantially in their surface characteristics. Opposite to the DNA binding site, both kLANA and mLANA CTD contain a characteristic lysine-rich positively charged surface patch, which appears to be a unique feature of ã2-herpesviral LANA proteins. Importantly, kLANA and mLANA CTD dimers undergo higher order oligomerization. Using NMR spectroscopy we identified a specific binding site for the ET domains of BRD2/4 on kLANA. Functional studies employing multiple kLANA mutants indicate that the oligomerization of native kLANA CTD dimers, the characteristic basic patch and the ET binding site on the kLANA surface are required for the formation of kLANA 'nuclear speckles' and latent replication. Similarly, the basic patch on mLANA contributes to the establishment of MHV-68 latency in spleen cells in vivo. In summary, our data provide a structural basis for the formation of higher order LANA oligomers, which is required for nuclear speckle formation, latent replication and viral persistence.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, Viral', 'Cell Cycle Proteins', 'Chromatin', 'Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'HEK293 Cells', 'HeLa Cells', 'Herpesvirus 8, Human', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Protein Multimerization', 'Protein Structure, Quaternary', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Rhadinovirus', 'Spleen', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Transcription Factors', 'Viral Proteins', 'Virus Latency']
| 24,146,614
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050.327'], ['D12.776.167'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.180', 'D12.776.664.224', 'G05.360.160.180'], ['D12.776.660.235', 'D12.776.664.235'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B04.280.210.400.700.330', 'B04.280.382.400.700.330', 'B04.613.204.500.700.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.660'], ['G02.111.694'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.550'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700'], ['B04.280.210.400.700', 'B04.280.382.400.700', 'B04.613.204.500.700'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['D12.776.930'], ['D12.776.964'], ['G06.920.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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The safety and cost-effectiveness of low osmolar contrast media. Can economic analysis determine the real worth of a new technology?
|
OBJECTIVES: To estimate the reduction in mortality associated with a reduced adverse reaction rate following the substitution of older high osmolar radiocontrast media (HOCM) by the newer and more expensive low osmolar contrast media (LOCM), and to assess the cost-effectiveness of switching from HOCM to LOCM in patients with and without underlying risk factors for adverse reactions from radiocontrast agents.DATA SOURCES: Data from large prospective studies of adverse reactions to HOCM and LOCM were used to estimate the expected number of deaths and severe non-fatal reactions in a hypothetical population receiving one million intravenous radiocontrast injections with HOCM, and the expected reduction in the frequency of these outcomes after substitution by LOCM in high-risk and low-risk groups respectively. Life-years lost with each radiocontrast-related death were estimated from an audit of fatal adverse reaction reports submitted to the Adverse Drug Reactions Advisory Committee. The direct costs considered in the study were the increased costs of LOCM and the hospital costs of treating radiocontrast reactions which were estimated from an audit of cases admitted to public hospitals in Newcastle.STUDY SELECTION: The literature search included Medline (1966-1989) and bibliographies of original and review articles. We included only studies which were prospective, monitored patients in a formal way, described a mechanism for the recording of adverse events and were of sufficient size to have been capable of detecting severe reactions to radiocontrast agents.DATA EXTRACTION: Data were extracted independently by two investigators, unblinded, with disagreements resolved by consensus.DATA SYNTHESIS: Mortality data from individual reports were pooled and exact confidence intervals were calculated on the assumption of a Poisson distribution. In the case of comparative studies the relative risks of severe reactions in low-risk versus high-risk patients and with LOCM compared with HOCM were treated for homogeneity, and pooled odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by combining the logarithms of the odds ratios weighted by their variances.RESULTS: The mortality after intravenous administration of HOCM was estimated from all studies to be 23.3 (95% CI, 2.4-33.1) per million injections. However, the mortality was 11.7 per million (95% CI, 2.4-34.1) in studies published since 1986. The mortality after the use of LOCM was estimated as 3.9 per million (95% CI, 0.1-21.7).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
|
['Australia', 'Contrast Media', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Costs and Cost Analysis', 'Drug Hypersensitivity', 'Humans', 'Life Tables', 'Meta-Analysis as Topic', 'Osmolar Concentration', 'Risk Factors']
| 1,828,529
|
[['Z01.639.100', 'Z01.678.100.373'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['N03.219.151'], ['C20.543.206', 'C25.100.468'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.475', 'E05.318.740.100.500', 'N01.224.935.530', 'N06.850.505.400.975.475', 'N06.850.520.308.985.475'], ['E05.318.370.500', 'E05.581.500.501', 'N05.715.360.325.515', 'N06.850.520.445.500'], ['G02.640'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
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| 0
| 1
| 1
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Tear film interferometry and corneal surface roughness.
|
PURPOSE: Previous studies of optical interference from the whole thickness of the precorneal tear film showed much lower contrast than from the pre-contact lens tear film. It is hypothesized that the recorded low contrast is related to roughness of the corneal surface compared with the smooth contact lens surface. This hypothesis is tested, and characteristics of this roughness are studied.METHODS: Reflectance spectra were recorded from 20 healthy individuals using a silicon-based sensor used in previous studies (wavelength range, 562-1030 nm) and an indium-gallium-arsenide (InGaAs) sensor responding at longer wavelengths (912-1712 nm). Interference from the whole thickness of the precorneal tear film caused oscillations in the reflectance spectra.RESULTS: Spectral oscillations recorded with the InGaAs sensor were found to decay as a Gaussian function of wave number (1/wavelength). This is consistent with a rough corneal surface, whose distribution of surface height is also a Gaussian function. Contrast of spectral oscillations for the InGaAs sensor was, on average, approximately four times greater than that for the silicon sensor.CONCLUSIONS: For the Gaussian roughness model based on InGaAs spectra, the corneal surface was characterized by a surface height SD of 0.129 ìm. Spectral oscillations recorded with a silicon-based camera can have higher contrast than expected from this Gaussian roughness model, indicating some reflectance from a smoother or more compact surface. The results also indicate that InGaAs cameras could provide whole-thickness interference images of higher contrast than silicon-based cameras.
|
['Adult', 'Cornea', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interferometry', 'Light', 'Male', 'Reference Values', 'Tears']
| 24,692,127
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A09.371.060.217'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.490'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['E05.978.810'], ['A12.200.882']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A genome-wide role for CHD remodelling factors and Nap1 in nucleosome disassembly.
|
Chromatin remodelling factors and histone chaperones were previously shown to cooperatively affect nucleosome assembly and disassembly processes in vitro. Here, we show that Schizosaccharomyces pombe CHD remodellers, the Hrp1 and Hrp3 paralogs physically interact with the histone chaperone Nap1. Genome-wide analysis of Hrp1, Hrp3 and Nap1 occupancy, combined with nucleosome density measurements revealed that the CHD factors and Nap1 colocalized in particular to promoter regions where they remove nucleosomes near the transcriptional start site. Hrp1 and Hrp3 also regulate nucleosome density in coding regions, where they have redundant roles to stimulate transcription. Previously, DNA replication-dependent and -independent nucleosome disassembly processes have been described. We found that nucleosome density increased in the hrp1 mutant in the absence of DNA replication. Finally, regions where nucleosome density increased in hrp1, hrp3 and nap1 mutants also showed nucleosome density and histone modification changes in HDAC and HAT mutants. Thus, this study revealed an important in vivo role for CHD remodellers and Nap1 in nucleosome disassembly at promoters and coding regions, which are linked to changes in histone acetylation.
|
['Acetylation', 'Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly', 'DNA Replication', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal', 'Genome, Fungal', 'Histones', 'Nucleosomes', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Schizosaccharomyces']
| 17,510,629
|
[['G02.111.012.052', 'G02.607.063.052', 'G03.040.052'], ['G04.400.095', 'G05.213.095', 'G05.308.095'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['D12.776.354'], ['G05.308.330'], ['G05.360.340.358.365'], ['D12.776.157.687.485', 'D12.776.660.720.485', 'D12.776.664.469'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.180.625', 'D12.776.664.224.550', 'G05.360.160.180.625'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['B01.300.107.797', 'B01.300.930.720']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Assessment of cardiovascular risk in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis.
|
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality have been demonstrated to be greater in psoriasis patients than in the general population. Our study aimed to assess the 10-year cardiovascular risk in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis compared with those suffering from other dermatological diseases, using the calibrated Framingham risk score and the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) risk charts.METHODS: A cross-sectional, multicentre study was made of 477 patients, of whom 238 had moderate to severe psoriasis (cases) and 239 were diagnosed with another dermatological disease (controls).RESULTS: The proportion of patients with intermediate to high 10-year cardiovascular risk using the Framingham equation was significantly higher among psoriasis patients (38.5%; 80/208) than among the controls with other dermatological diseases (23.4%; 50/214, P<.05). No significant differences were observed between the 2 groups with respect to cardiovascular risk using the SCORE risk charts (P=.591). The case group included a greater proportion of obese and morbidly obese patients, as well as patients with higher triglyceride and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (P<.05); while high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly more favorable in patients in the control group (P<.05).CONCLUSIONS: Cardiovascular risk was greater in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis than in patients with other dermatological conditions, suggesting that early detection and tailored management of risk factors is essential to reducing cardiovascular morbidity in these patients.
|
['Adult', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lipids', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Obesity, Morbid', 'Psoriasis', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Skin Diseases']
| 25,607,559
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C14'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D10'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['C18.654.726.500.700', 'C23.888.144.699.500.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500.500'], ['C17.800.859.675'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['C17.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A synergistic effect of oxytocin and vasopressin on sodium excretion in the neurohypophysectomized rat.
|
1. Renal function and the effect of oxytocin and vasopressin replacement have been examined in anaesthetized male neurohypophysectomized rats. 2. Rates of urine flow were higher but sodium excretion markedly lower in neurohypophysectomized rats than in intact animals receiving hypotonic saline infusion (33.8 +/- 2.3 vs. 27.0 +/- 0.7 ml and 472 +/- 84 vs. 1946 +/- 124 mumol respectively for the third to sixth hour of study). 3. In intact animals, mean arterial blood pressure stabilized at 106 mmHg. Haematocrit (46%) remained stable but glomerular filtration rates declined slightly over the 8 h of study to 2.5 +/- 0.2 ml/h. These values in neurohypophysectomized rats did not differ significantly from those in intact rats. 4. Although plasma corticosterone levels (54 +/- 13 ng/ml) did not differ significantly from those in intact rats, neurohypophysectomy was associated with greatly reduced aldosterone concentration (0.12 +/- 0.03 vs. 0.76 +/- 0.04 ng/ml). Trace levels of vasopressin (0.17 +/- 0.03 microunit/ml) were found in neurohypophysectomized rat plasma. 5. Oxytocin administration at 15 microunits/min, which produced plasma hormone levels of 1.62 +/- 0.19 microunit/ml, had no detectable effect on sodium excretion but increased urine flow. Arginine vasopressin administration (12 microunits/min) inducing plasma levels of 1.24 +/- 0.08 microunit/ml, reduced urine flow by 80% and produced a small increase in sodium excretion. 6. Concurrent administration of oxytocin (15 microunits/min) potentiated the natriuretic response to vasopressin (12 microunits/min). Total sodium excretion during the 3 h combined hormone infusion (1256 +/- 149 mumol) greatly exceeded that in animals receiving vasopressin alone (549 +/- 132 mumol) and approached that observed in intact animals (1946 +/- 124 mumol). Combined hormone administration at the lower rate of 5 microunits/min oxytocin and 4 microunits/min vasopressin produced a similar large increment in sodium excretion. 7. It is concluded that replacement of both neurohypophysial hormones, at plasma levels within the physiological range, largely reverses the renal sodium retention of neurohypophysectomized rats, oxytocin considerably potentiating the natriuretic action of vasopressin. This synergism between the two neurohypophysial peptides to promote salt excretion may be an important component of the non-steroidal management of sodium.
|
['Animals', 'Arginine Vasopressin', 'Drug Synergism', 'Male', 'Oxytocin', 'Pituitary Gland, Posterior', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Sodium', 'Urine']
| 3,625,542
|
[['B01.050'], ['D06.472.699.631.692.781.100', 'D12.644.400.900.100', 'D12.644.456.925.100', 'D12.644.548.691.692.781.100', 'D12.776.631.650.937.100'], ['G07.690.773.968.477'], ['D06.472.699.631.692.433', 'D12.644.548.691.692.433'], ['A06.300.747.875', 'A06.688.178.875', 'A06.688.357.750.875', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.500.875', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.500.875', 'A08.713.049.875', 'A08.713.357.750.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['A12.207.927']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Correlation of symptom criteria with perception thresholds during rectosigmoid distension in irritable bowel syndrome patients.
|
OBJECTIVE: Due to a lack of reliable biological markers, the diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is based on symptom criteria. The possible physiological correlates of these criteria are not known. Our aims were to identify correlations of currently used IBS symptom criteria with distinct alterations in visceral perception.METHODS: Forty-two IBS patients (51% women) with a mean age of 39.5+/-1.4 yr, were included; 64% of patients were recruited from advertisement and 36% were clinic referrals. Patients completed a bowel symptom questionnaire, which included the Rome criteria and symptom severity ratings. Rectal discomfort thresholds were evaluated in all patients and in 19 controls, using a nonbiased tracking protocol consisting of phasic rectal balloon distensions before (PreTh) and after (PostTh) repetitive, high-pressure sigmoid distensions. We assessed the effect of each Rome criteria and symptom severity on PreTh and PostTh.RESULTS: IBS symptom severity was reported as moderate in 38.1% and as severe in 61.9% of patients. Overall, lower thresholds were observed in IBS patients than in controls (PreTh: 28.2+/-1.7 vs. 36.3+/-2.8 mm Hg, p<0.05; PostTh: 25.3+/-1.5 vs. 34.2+/-2.7 mm Hg, p<0.01). When assessing the effect of Rome criteria on rectal thresholds, we found that patients with hard/lumpy stools had lower thresholds than those without them, whereas patients with loose watery stools had higher thresholds than those who lacked them (both p<0.05). The lowering of rectal discomfort thresholds after sigmoid stimulation was observed regardless of the presence or absence of any Rome criteria or symptom severity.CONCLUSION: Although a decrease in rectal discomfort thresholds after sigmoid stimulation is seen in IBS regardless of specific symptoms, baseline and postsigmoid stimulation thresholds are lower in IBS patients with constipation-related symptoms.
|
['Adult', 'Catheterization', 'Colon, Sigmoid', 'Colonic Diseases, Functional', 'Defecation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pain', 'Rectum', 'Sensory Thresholds']
| 10,638,575
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E02.148', 'E05.157'], ['A03.556.124.526.356.668', 'A03.556.249.249.356.668'], ['C06.405.469.158.272'], ['G10.261.165'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['A03.556.124.526.767', 'A03.556.249.249.767'], ['F02.463.593.710']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Inhibition of sympathetic neurotransmitter release by modulators of cyclic GMP in canine vascular smooth muscle.
|
The contractile response to neurally released norepinephrine (NE) from sympathetic nerve endings innervating vascular smooth muscle are inhibited by substances which raise either cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP concentrations in smooth muscle. However, cyclic AMP is believed to facilitate NE release from sympathetic nerves whereas the role of cyclic GMP in this process is undefined. We examined the effects of presumed modulation of the intraneuronal concentration of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP on sympathetic neurotransmission to isolated canine mesenteric artery by measurement of the efflux of [2-14C]NE during transmural nerve stimulation (calcium dependent release of NE) and administration of tyramine (calcium independent release of NE) and measurement of the contractions to exogenous NE and tyramine. Stimulation of adenylate cyclase with forskolin, prostacyclin and iloprost, a stable prostacyclin analog, and inhibition of Type III cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase with neural specific rolipram, 'non-specific pelrinone and milrinone and isobutylmethylxanthine did not enhance the efflux of [2-14C]NE from sympathetic nerves innervating the blood vessels. Isoproterenol enhanced the efflux of [2-14C]NE. The effect was inhibited by propranolol but not affected by milrinone, amrinone or rolipram. Activators of guanylate cyclase (SIN-1a an active metabolic of molsidomine, nitroglycerin and sodium nitroprusside) and inhibitors of Type II cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase (M&B-22948 and verofyllin) inhibited the efflux of NE released by transmural nerve stimulation but not by tyramine. These data support the conclusion that cyclic GMP may be an inhibitory modulator of calcium and depolarization dependent NE release from sympathetic nerves, whereas neuronal cyclic AMP may not be a primary modulator of neurotransmission to vascular smooth muscle.
|
["3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases", 'Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors', 'Animals', 'Cyclic GMP', 'Dogs', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Female', 'Male', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscle Relaxation', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular', 'Nerve Endings', 'Neurotransmitter Agents', 'Norepinephrine', 'Sympathetic Nervous System']
| 1,981,554
|
[['D08.811.277.352.640.155', 'D12.644.360.009', 'D12.776.476.009'], ['D27.505.519.389.108'], ['B01.050'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.160', 'D13.695.462.275', 'D13.695.667.454.160', 'D13.695.827.426.160'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['E05.723.402'], ['G11.427.494'], ['G11.427.494.554'], ['A02.633.570.491', 'A07.015.733.500', 'A10.690.467.491'], ['A08.800.550'], ['D27.505.519.625', 'D27.505.696.577'], ['D02.033.100.291.502', 'D02.092.063.480', 'D02.092.211.215.746', 'D02.092.311.830', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.830'], ['A08.800.050.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Duplication of the apolipoprotein C-I gene occurred about forty million years ago.
|
Two human apolipoprotein C-I genes, one of which is believed to be a pseudogene, are located within the lipoprotein gene cluster on chromosome 19. Alignments were made between the apoC-I and the pseudoC-I' genes using a computer sequence editor. Particular Alu sequences may be found in one gene or in both: the proposal is that common Alu sequences (found in both genes) were present before the duplication of the C-I gene, whereas single Alu sequences (present in only one gene) were transposed afterward. Alu sequences of the C-I genes were also classified into Alu families. Common sequences belong to older families of Alu genes, whereas single sequences belong to younger families. Marked change in the apolipoprotein C-I gene began during early radiation of primate lineages. Retropositions of older Alu sequences occurred throughout the Paleocene and the Eocene periods. The numbering of uncommon substitutions in the six common Alu sequences gives a good estimate of the duplication time for the C-I gene (39 +/- 6 million years) at the end of the Eocene. After that, the other Alu sequences were transposed into each gene and further substitutions occurred to give the present form of the C-I genes in humans.
|
['Animals', 'Apolipoprotein C-I', 'Apolipoproteins C', 'Base Sequence', 'Biological Evolution', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19', 'DNA Transposable Elements', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Multigene Family', 'Phylogeny', 'Primates', 'Pseudogenes', 'Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid', 'Sequence Alignment']
| 1,646,336
|
[['B01.050'], ['D10.532.091.400.500', 'D12.776.070.400.400.500', 'D12.776.521.120.400.500'], ['D10.532.091.400', 'D12.776.070.400.400', 'D12.776.521.120.400'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.460.465', 'G05.360.162.520.300.460.465'], ['D13.444.308.520', 'G02.111.570.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.340.024.425.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.700'], ['G02.111.570.080.708', 'G05.360.080.708'], ['E05.393.751']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A systemic approach to couple therapy.
|
This article presents a model of couple therapy based on the reciprocal double bind. Two cases are presented to illustrate the model, and different modes of intervention are described. This paper stresses that therapy has more to do with the intersection of the maps of the world of members of a system than it has with a search for some individual or systemic truth.
|
['Behavior Therapy', 'Communication', 'Double Bind Interaction', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Male', 'Marital Therapy', 'Professional-Patient Relations']
| 3,956,707
|
[['F04.754.137'], ['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['F01.829.131'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401'], ['F04.754.864.581.136.500'], ['F01.829.401.650', 'N05.300.660']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Perceptual organization in first episode schizophrenia and ultra-high-risk states.
|
Deficits in perceptual organization have been consistently reported in schizophrenia, as has an association between these deficits, disorganized symptoms, and poorer premorbid functioning and prognosis, suggesting that they may be an index of illness severity or progression. It is unclear, however, whether the impairment is present at, or before the first psychotic episode. This study examined perceptual organization in young people considered to be at high-risk for schizophrenia, defined by the "close-in" strategy [Yung, A.R., McGorry, P.D., McFarlane, C.A., Jackson, H.J., Patton, G.C., Rakkar, 1996. Monitoring and care of young people at incipient risk of psychosis. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 22, 283-303]. The high-risk group (n=70) was compared to first-episode patients (n=54), and nonpatients (n=24) using a task with known sensitivity to perceptual organization deficits in schizophrenia, and whose scores have predicted long-term outcome and disorganized symptomatology in past studies [Knight, R.A., Silverstein, S.M., 1998. The role of cognitive psychology in guiding research on cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. In Lenzenweger, M., Dworkin, R.H., (Eds.), Origins and Development of Schizophrenia: Advances in Experimental Psychopathology. APA Press, Washington DC, pp. 247-295.; Silverstein, S.M., Knight, R.A., Schwarzkopf, S.B., West, L.L., Osborn, L.M. Kamin, D., 1996b. Stimulus configuration and context effects in perceptual organization in schizophrenia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 105, 410-420.; Silverstein, S.M., Schenkel, L.S., Valone, C., Nuernberger, S., 1998a. Cognitive deficits and psychiatric rehabilitation outcomes in schizophrenia. Psychiatric Quarterly 69, 169-191.; Silverstein, S.M., Bakshi, S., Chapman, R.M., Nowlis, G., 1998b. Perceptual organization of configural and nonconfigural visual patterns in schizophrenia: effects of repeated exposure. Cognitive Neuropsychiatry 3, 209-223]. There were no differences between groups, and the first-episode group demonstrated non-significantly more sensitivity to stimulus organization than the other groups. When the high-risk group was broken down into its 3 subgroups (A--family history of psychotic illness and recent drop of 30+ points in the GAF scale; B--history of attenuated psychotic symptoms; C--brief limited intermittent psychotic symptoms), only group A demonstrated evidence of impairment, but this group differed significantly only from first- and young, later-episode schizophrenia patients, not from nonpatients. These findings are consistent with recent data on pre-attentive processes in schizophrenia which indicate that performance is not impaired and may even be enhanced, early in the illness, with dysfunctions beginning with increased chronicity.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Disease Progression', 'Early Diagnosis', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Least-Squares Analysis', 'Male', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'New South Wales', 'Perceptual Disorders', 'Schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenic Psychology', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Visual Perception']
| 16,497,484
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E01.390'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.750.400', 'N05.715.360.750.695.440', 'N06.850.520.830.750.400'], ['F04.711.513'], ['Z01.639.100.750', 'Z01.678.100.373.750'], ['C10.597.606.762', 'C23.888.592.604.764', 'F01.700.750'], ['F03.700.750'], ['F04.824'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['F02.463.593.932']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Value of knee skin temperature measured by infrared thermography and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in the diagnosis of peri-prosthetic knee infection in Chinese individuals following total knee arthroplasty.
|
BACKGROUND: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a successful and frequently performed procedure in orthopedic surgery. The diagnosis of peri-prosthetic joint infection following TKA remains challenging. The present study estimated the usefulness of knee skin temperature (measured by infrared thermography) and serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) in the diagnosis of post-operative knee peri-prosthetic infection.METHODS: Patients were divided into three groups: 21 patients undergoing uncomplicated TKAs, seven with prosthesis infection, and three undergoing TKA revisions. The serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and sICAM-1 as well as the local knee skin temperature were measured pre-operatively and on Days 1 and 7 and at 1, 3, and 6 months post-operatively in Groups 1 and 3. The same parameters were measured in Group 2 at the time of prosthesis infection diagnosis.RESULTS: In Group 1, the levels of IL-6, CRP, ESR, and knee skin temperature were significantly elevated post-operatively, but returned to baseline levels within 6 months. The sICAM-1 levels were not significantly different. The mean differential temperature (MDT) and levels of siCAM-1, IL-6, CRP, and ESR differed significantly between Groups 1 and 2. The MDT had returned to normal in Group 3 by 6 months post-operatively.CONCLUSIONS: Elevations in IL-6, CRP, ESR, and MDT in patients undergoing TKA could be a normal response to surgical trauma, but sustained elevations may be indicative of complications. The knee skin temperature and sICAM-1 may be used as indicators in the diagnosis of knee prosthesis infection following TKA.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee', 'Blood Sedimentation', 'C-Reactive Protein', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1', 'Interleukin-6', 'Knee Joint', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Skin Temperature', 'Thermography']
| 25,189,954
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.555.110.110.115', 'E04.650.110.115', 'E04.680.101.110.115'], ['E01.370.225.625.125', 'E05.200.625.125'], ['D12.776.034.145', 'D12.776.124.050.120', 'D12.776.124.486.157'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.450', 'D12.776.543.550.200.450', 'D23.050.301.350.450'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['G07.110.753', 'G13.750.844'], ['E01.370.350.800', 'E05.933.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
5-HT1A receptors: differential involvement in female and male sexual behavior in the rat.
|
The peripheral administration of the serotonin type 1A (5-HT1A) receptor agonist 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH DPAT) inhibited lordosis behavior in ovariectomized rats primed with estradiol benzoate. 8-OH DPAT was ineffective at 0.01 mg/kg, whereas inhibition occurred at the 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1, and 3 mg/kg doses. On the other hand, 8-OH DPAT enhanced various measures of male sexual behavior both in males and in females treated chronically with testosterone propionate. In males, 1 mg/kg 8-OH DPAT reduced ejaculation latencies and the number of intromissions prior to ejaculation. In females, 0.1 and 1 mg/kg 8-OH DPAT increased mount frequencies. These data indicate differential involvement of 5-HT1A receptors in male and female sexual behavior. In view of these and other recent data the authors conclude that activity at 5-HT2 receptors facilitates, whereas activity at 5-HT1 receptors may either facilitate or inhibit lordosis behavior. Furthermore, it is proposed that 5-HT1A receptors mediate inhibitory effects, whereas 5-HT1B receptors mediate presynaptic, facilitatory effects of serotonin.
|
['8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin', 'Animals', 'Brain', 'Copulation', 'Female', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Receptors, Serotonin', 'Serotonin', 'Sexual Behavior, Animal', 'Tetrahydronaphthalenes']
| 2,942,955
|
[['D02.455.426.559.847.638.960.400', 'D04.615.638.960.400'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['F01.145.113.252.748.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.800', 'D12.776.543.750.695.800', 'D12.776.543.750.720.850'], ['D02.092.211.215.801.852', 'D03.633.100.473.914.814', 'D23.469.050.650'], ['F01.145.113.252.748'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.960', 'D04.615.638.960']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cushing's syndrome with bilateral multinodular adrenal hyperplasia. Ultrastructural, histochemical, and immunohistochemical study.
|
An unusual case of Cushing's syndrome of a 59-year-old man with bilateral multinodular adrenal hyperplasia and microadenoma of the pituitary gland is presented. Failure to suppress plasma cortisol with large doses of dexamethasone may suggest autonomous growth of hyperplastic nodules of the adrenals, which were at first induced by prolonged stimuli of ACTH from the microadenoma of the pituitary gland. ACTH could not be detected in the microadenoma cells on paraffin sections, while Crooke's cells were strongly positive for ACTH. The interrelation between bilateral multinodular adrenal hyperplasia and pituitary microadenoma is discussed.
|
['3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases', 'Adenoma', 'Adrenal Glands', 'Adrenocortical Hyperfunction', 'Cushing Syndrome', 'Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Humans', 'Hypothalamus', 'Immunochemistry', 'L-Lactate Dehydrogenase', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pituitary Neoplasms']
| 6,573,108
|
[['D08.811.682.047.436.350'], ['C04.557.470.035'], ['A06.300.071'], ['C19.053.800'], ['C19.053.800.367'], ['D08.811.682.047.150.300'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A08.186.211.180.497', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357'], ['H01.158.201.486', 'H01.181.122.605', 'H02.403.044.500'], ['D08.811.682.047.551.400', 'D08.811.682.047.820.493'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.322.609', 'C04.588.614.250.195.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.211.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.617.477.600', 'C10.228.140.617.738.675', 'C10.551.240.250.700.500.500', 'C19.344.609', 'C19.700.734']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
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