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[Ultrasound in the system of combined treatment in the late periods after antiglaucoma operations].
|
Considering the tendency of dystrophic processes in the eye to progress, all patients after antiglaucomatous operations are prescribed courses of general dedystrophic therapy. Besides this, transscleral ultrasound stimulation of the drainage system of the eye was used. The state of visual functions is analysed in 44 patients (48 eyes) with initial open-angle glaucoma, previously subjected to sinusotrabeculectomy. In remote terms after surgical intervention besides traditional treatment, they underwent local transscleral ultrasound stimulation of the drainage system of the eye. The results obtained were compared with those of the control group (20 persons--22 eyes) where only a course of general therapy was used in the postoperative period. The investigations carried out permitted to state that complex treatment including courses of local ultrasound (after 6 months, at the average) and general dedystrophic therapy (1-2 times a year) is more rational and allows to stabilize the glaucomatous process at the initial stage within a long period of time in 90.5% of cases.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Glaucoma, Open-Angle', 'Humans', 'Intraocular Pressure', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Care', 'Trabeculectomy', 'Ultrasonic Therapy', 'Visual Acuity', 'Visual Fields']
| 2,280,948
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.186'], ['C11.525.381.407'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G14.440'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.731.700', 'E04.604.500', 'N02.421.585.722.700'], ['E04.540.450.700'], ['E02.565.280.945'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940'], ['F02.463.593.932.934', 'G14.950']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
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|
Lateral extension of the free scapular flap.
|
The scope of the scapular free flap is increased by the development of a further technical variation. The standard scapular flap is lengthened by use of a lateral (axillary) extension, without compromise of shoulder movement. The technique was used in 23 unipedicled and 1 bipedicled free scapular flap transfers in adults and children. An average increase in flap length of 30% was achieved. Lateral extension of the flap facilitates harvesting of the flap and closure of the donor defect. It is particularly useful in cases where shortage of local tissues in flap recipient areas prevents primary closure over the vascular pedicle.
|
['Adult', 'Arm', 'Arm Injuries', 'Child', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Leg', 'Leg Injuries', 'Scalp', 'Scapula', 'Surgical Flaps']
| 8,081,616
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A01.378.800.075'], ['C26.088'], ['M01.060.406'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.378.610.500'], ['C26.558'], ['A01.456.810'], ['A02.835.232.087.783'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
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|
Modes of embodiment in breast cancer patients using complementary and alternative medicine.
|
Breast cancer patients are frequent users of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). They often have complex reasons for, and experiences from, their use of CAM. Bodily experiences are important and almost unexplored elements in CAM use. Our aim was to explore the meaning and importance of bodily experiences among breast cancer patients who were using CAM as a supplement or an alternative to conventional treatment (CT). Our findings based on qualitative interviews with 13 women suggest that bodily experiences were particularly important when positioned outside conventional health care prior to medical diagnosis and as users of CAM as alternative to CT. We introduce three central modes of embodiment related to CAM use: the right to one's body, the body used as a gauge, and the body used as a guide. Patients' positioning between treatment systems should be further explored from a bodily perspective to safeguard and optimize their treatment choices.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Complementary Therapies', 'Denmark', 'Female', 'Focus Groups', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Norway', 'Qualitative Research', 'Sensation', 'Terminology as Topic']
| 22,910,592
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E02.190'], ['Z01.542.816.124'], ['E05.318.308.112', 'N05.715.360.300.269', 'N06.850.520.308.112'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.542.816.374'], ['H01.770.644.241.850'], ['F02.830.816', 'G11.561.790'], ['L01.559.598.400']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
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| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
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|
Epidemiologic issues pertinent to international regulation of 28 stimulant-hallucinogen drugs.
|
This paper examines selected epidemiologic issues raised by the consideration of 28 stimulant-hallucinogen drugs for international drug control. New epidemiologic evidence on these drugs is presented, based on laboratory analysis of drug samples obtained from unauthorized channels of distribution in the United States. A proposal is made for experimental evaluation of international drug controls. The proposed approach is to select some of the stimulant-hallucinogen drugs which are not currently responsible for substantial drug-related morbidity and mortality, but which appear suitable for control on the basis of presumed potential for abuse and other characteristics. Then, randomly assign one-half of this group for new drug regulations, leaving the others without new regulation. If proper epidemiologic surveillance were in place, this experimental trial would produce data to help substantiate inferences about drug control efficacy. Difficulties in implementing this proposal are discussed, with emphasis on surveillance measurement problems. Some of these problems are related to the non-medical character of much stimulant-hallucinogen drug use. However, other problems such as response inconsistency may affect research in drug epidemiology generally. Data from a recent panel study of psychotherapeutic medicine use are presented to illustrate this possibility.
|
['Central Nervous System Stimulants', 'Drug and Narcotic Control', 'Epidemiologic Methods', 'Hallucinogens', 'Humans', 'Random Allocation', 'Risk', 'Substance-Related Disorders', 'United States']
| 2,874,969
|
[['D27.505.696.282', 'D27.505.954.427.220'], ['I01.880.604.605.250', 'N03.706.615.402.250', 'N04.452.706.310'], ['E05.318', 'N06.850.520'], ['D27.505.696.388', 'D27.505.954.427.700.372'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
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| 1
| 0
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| 1
| 1
|
Tribulin in post-traumatic stress disorder.
|
Tribulin (endogenous monoamine oxidase inhibitor/benzodiazepine receptor binding inhibitor) output was measured in the urine of 18 patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and 13 controls. The level of the two inhibitory activities was highly significantly correlated in the group as a whole. There was no difference between output of either inhibitor in patients and controls. However, when the PTSD group was subdivided according to various psychometric ratings, a pattern of output did emerge. Levels of both inhibitory activities were higher in agitated compared with non-agitated subjects, and lower in extroverts compared with introverts. This finding supports the view that tribulin output is raised in conditions of greater arousal.
|
['Arousal', 'Combat Disorders', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Isatin', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors', 'Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic']
| 3,270,828
|
[['F02.830.104', 'G11.561.035'], ['F03.950.750.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.473.525'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D27.505.519.389.616'], ['F03.950.750.500']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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|
Poor survival in stage IIB/C (T4N0) compared to stage IIIA (T1-2 N1, T1N2a) colon cancer persists even after adjusting for adequate lymph nodes retrieved and receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy.
|
BACKGROUND: A survival paradox between Stage IIB/C and Stage IIIA colon cancers exists. It is unclear how adequate lymph nodes dissection (LN) and post-surgery chemotherapy contribute to the survival paradox. We intended to assess the impact of these two factors on the survival paradox.RESULTS: We evaluated 34,999 patients diagnosed with stage IIIA or stage IIB/C colon cancer in 2003-2012 from the National Cancer Data Base. The 5-year overall survival (OS) was 73.5 % for stage IIIA and 51.1 % for stage IIB/C (P < 0.0001). The 5-year OS was 84.1 % for stage IIIA with post-surgery chemotherapy, 70.8 % for stage IIB/C with ? 12 LNs retrieved with chemotherapy, 53.9 % for stage IIB/C < 12 LNs with chemotherapy, 49.5 % for stage IIIA without chemotherapy, 43.7 % for stage IIB/C ? 12 LNs retrieved without chemotherapy, to 27.7 % for stage IIB/C < 12 LNs without chemotherapy. Even among stage IIB/C who had optimal treatment (?12 LNs retrieved, received chemotherapy), OS remains lower than stage IIIA with chemotherapy. After adjusting LN dissection and chemotherapy in addition to the adjustment of other clinical factors, the survival paradox was reduced from HR = 1.76 (95 % CI: 1.68-1.85) to HR 1.51 (95 % CI: 1.44-1.59).CONCLUSIONS: LN dissection and post-surgery chemotherapy partially explained the survival paradox. More research is warranted to identify other factors that contribute to this paradox. Future iteration of TNM staging system should take this into consideration.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Chemotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Cohort Studies', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Lymph Node Excision', 'Lymph Nodes', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Young Adult']
| 27,412,163
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.186.170', 'E02.319.170'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['E04.446'], ['A10.549.400', 'A15.382.520.604.412'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.625'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
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|
Human lymphocytes bearing T cell receptor gamma/delta are phenotypically diverse and evenly distributed throughout the lymphoid system.
|
A direct quantitative and phenotypic cytofluorographic analysis of TCR-gamma/delta+ lymphocytes as well as an immunohistologic study of their tissue distribution and microanatomy was made possible by the availability of two mAbs (anti-TCR-delta 1 and anti-C gamma M1) specific for framework determinants on human TCR gamma and delta chains, respectively. TCR-gamma/delta+ lymphocytes, ranging between greater than 0.5 and 16% of CD3+ cells, were found in fetal and postnatal thymus, fetal and adult peripheral lymphoid organs, and adult peripheral blood. While TCR-gamma/delta+ lymphocytes comprised a small subpopulation of T cells (mean, approximately 4%) occasionally greater than 10-16% of CD3+ cells expressed TCR-gamma/delta. Virtually all TCR-gamma/delta+ thymocytes/lymphocytes expressed CD7, CD2, and CD5 but were heterogeneous with respect to their expression of CD1, CD4, CD8, CD28, CD11b, CD16, and Leu-7. Human TCR-gamma/delta+ cells populate both organized lymphoid tissues (thymus, tonsil, lymphnode, and spleen) as well as the gut- and skin-associated lymphoid systems at similar frequencies without obvious tropism for epithelial microenvironments. TCR-gamma/delta+ lymphocytes tend to be located within a given organ wherever TCR-alpha/beta+ lymphocytes are found. This study shows that TCR-gamma/delta+ lymphocytes constitute a small but numerically important, phenotypically diverse T cell population distributed throughout the body. These results support the concept that TCR-gamma/delta+ cells comprise a distinct, functionally heterogeneous, mature T cell sublineage that may substantially broaden the T cell repertoire at all immunologically relevant sites.
|
['Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Humans', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Leukocyte Count', 'Lymphoid Tissue', 'Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell', 'Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 2,564,416
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595', 'E05.200.625.107.595', 'E05.242.195.107.595', 'G04.140.107.595', 'G09.188.105.595'], ['A10.549', 'A15.382.520.604'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.816.824'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.816.824.830'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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|
Branched-chain and aromatic amino acid profiles and diabetes risk in Chinese populations.
|
Recent studies revealed strong evidence that branched-chain and aromatic amino acids (BCAAs and AAAs) are closely associated with the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in several Western countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential role of BCAAs and AAAs in predicting the diabetes development in Chinese populations. The serum levels of valine, leucine, isoleucine, tyrosine, and phenylalanine were measured in a longitudinal and a cross sectional studies with a total of 429 Chinese participants at different stages of diabetes development, using an ultra-performance liquid chromatography triple quadruple mass spectrometry platform. The alterations of the five AAs in Chinese populations are well in accordance with previous reports. Early elevation of the five AAs and their combined score was closely associated with future development of diabetes, suggesting an important role of these metabolites as early markers of diabetes. On the other hand, the five AAs were not as good as existing clinical markers in differentiating diabetic patients from their healthy counterparts. Our findings verified the close correlation of BCAAs and AAAs with insulin resistance and future development of diabetes in Chinese populations and highlighted the predictive value of these markers for future development of diabetes.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Amino Acids, Aromatic', 'Amino Acids, Branched-Chain', 'China', 'Chromatography, Liquid', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Isoleucine', 'Leucine', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Middle Aged', 'Phenylalanine', 'Risk Factors', 'Tyrosine', 'Valine', 'Young Adult']
| 26,846,565
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.125.072.050'], ['D12.125.070'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['E05.196.181.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.125.070.577', 'D12.125.142.383'], ['D12.125.070.637', 'D12.125.142.441'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['E05.196.566'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.125.072.050.685', 'D12.125.142.666'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['D12.125.072.050.875'], ['D12.125.070.950', 'D12.125.142.930'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Effects of alloxan-induced diabetes on corpus luteum function in the pseudopregnant rat.
|
The effects of alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus on rat ovarian structure and function were examined throughout pseudopregnancy (PSP). Animals received either saline (C) or alloxan (40 mg/kg) treatment on the day of proestrus (PA) preceding PSP or on day 1 (D-1A) of PSP (day 0 = ovulation). Serum samples were analyzed by radioimmunoassay for progesterone (P) and 17-beta-estradiol (E) levels and compared with the corresponding changes in ovarian and uterine weights in C, PA, and D-1A rats. In addition, the effects of daily treatment with 6 IU ovine insulin (AI) on serum P levels were assessed in D-1A-treated rats and compared with controls. Alloxan treatment effectively elevated blood glucose levels (P less than or equal to 0.01) in PA and D-1A groups as compared with controls or AI rats. Alloxan treatment reduced both ovarian and uterine weights of PA and D-1A groups as compared with C and AI rats. Serum P levels were significantly reduced in PA (P less than or equal to 0.01) and D-1A (P less than or equal to 0.05-0.01) rats as compared with control rats throughout PSP. Daily insulin treatment reversed the suppressive effects of D-1A treatment on serum P levels, but did not restore luteal function to control levels. Neither C nor D-1A groups exhibited any marked differences in serum E levels throughout PSP. The results of these studies indicate that the administration of alloxan before the onset of PSP effectively inhibits luteal function, whereas D-1A treatment induces early luteolysis as compared with controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Animals', 'Corpus Luteum', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Insulin', 'Organ Size', 'Ovary', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy in Diabetics', 'Proestrus', 'Progesterone', 'Pseudopregnancy', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Uterus']
| 6,376,216
|
[['B01.050'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.278', 'A06.300.312.497.278'], ['C18.452.394.750.074', 'C19.246.240', 'E05.598.500.374'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['A05.360.319.114.630', 'A05.360.576.497', 'A06.300.312.497'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.726'], ['G08.686.195.875'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750'], ['G08.686.784.769.887'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['A05.360.319.679']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Implementation of an HACCP model in foot and mouth disease control programmes.
|
The organisation and structure of the official Veterinary Services (OVS) are designed to meet a specific aim--the health certification of animal health, welfare and food safety in the production and processing stage. Disease prevention and control calls for programmes and projects that, depending on the characteristics of each disease, may involve any branch of the OVS, from the laboratory to field activities. For the purpose of this work, the model used is that of a country that is 'free from foot and mouth disease with vaccination' in accordance with the conditions stipulated in Chapter 8.8. of the World Organisation for Animal Health Terrestrial Animal Health Code. These conditions state that, to maintain this health status, a programme of monitoring and continuous control of the relevant variables must be implemented. This is achieved by applying good practice and identifying the critical control points in all processes, using a checklist that simplifies the task. The system that is developed can also serve as a guide for internal or external programme audits.
|
['Animals', 'Commerce', 'Communicable Disease Control', 'Foot-and-Mouth Disease', 'Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points', 'Internationality', 'Population Surveillance', 'Transportation', 'Vaccination', 'Viral Vaccines']
| 27,044,166
|
[['B01.050'], ['J01.219'], ['N06.850.780.200'], ['C01.925.782.687.484', 'C22.380'], ['J01.576.423.850.730.500.750', 'N06.850.135.060.075.299', 'N06.850.601.500.750'], ['I01.615'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675'], ['J01.937'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890'], ['D20.215.894.899']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
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| 1
| 1
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|
Measurement of residual dipolar couplings from 1Halpha to 13Calpha and 15N using a simple HNCA-based experiment.
|
Novel NMR pulse schemes for simultaneous measurement of 1D(C)alpha(H)alpha and 2D(NH)alpha residual dipolar couplings in proteins is presented. We show that 2D(NH)alpha coupling can be very useful for protein structure determination. The 2D(NH)alpha coupling can be measured from 15N dimension with good accuracy on a slowly relaxing TROSY resonance, utilizing HNCA-TROSY-based experiments, which concomitantly supply large 1D(C)alpha(H)alpha coupling. The dynamic range of 2D(NH)alpha coupling is comparable to 1D(NC') coupling, but instead, it also serves non-redundant information on the course of protein backbone, thanks to rotational degree of freedom with respect to peptide bond. The HNCA-TROSY-based experiments are optimal for measuring residual dipolar couplings at high magnetic fields owing to absence of rapid transverse relaxation of carbonyl carbon. The reliability of the proposed approach was tested on 15N/13C human ubiquitin. A very good correlation with ubiquitin solution as well as crystal structure, for both 1D(C)alpha(H)alpha and 2D(NH)alpha couplings, was obtained.
|
['Carbon Isotopes', 'Crystallization', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen', 'Magnetics', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Nitrogen Isotopes', 'Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular', 'Proteins', 'Solutions', 'Ubiquitin']
| 14,512,731
|
[['D01.268.150.075', 'D01.496.123'], ['E05.196.300', 'G02.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.406', 'D01.362.340'], ['H01.671.493'], ['E05.599'], ['D01.268.604.500', 'D01.362.625.500', 'D01.496.586'], ['E05.196.867.519.550'], ['D12.776'], ['D26.776'], ['D12.776.947.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Quantitative analysis of lung elastic fibers in idiopathic pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (IPPFE): comparison of clinical, radiological, and pathological findings with those of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).
|
BACKGROUND: The pathological appearance of idiopathic pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (IPPFE) with hematoxylin-eosin staining is similar to that of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The amount of elastic fibers (EF) and detailed differences between IPPFE and IPF have not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to quantify the EF and identify the differences between IPPFE and IPF.METHODS: We evaluated six patients with IPPFE and 28 patients with IPF who underwent surgical lung biopsy or autopsy. The patients' clinical history, physical findings, chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings, and pathological features of lung specimens were retrospectively evaluated. The amounts of EF in lung specimens were quantified with Weigert's staining using a camera with a charge-coupled device and analytic software in both groups.RESULTS: Fewer patients with IPPFE than IPF had fine crackles (50.0% vs. 96.4%, p = 0.012). Patients with IPPFE had a lower forced vital capacity (62.7 ± 10.9% vs. 88.6 ± 21.9% predicted, p = 0.009), higher consolidation scores on HRCT (1.7 ± 0.8 vs. 0.3 ± 0.5, p < 0.0001), lower body mass indices (17.9 ± 0.9 vs. 24.3 ± 2.8, p < 0.0001), and more pneumothoraces than did patients with IPF (66.7 vs. 3.6%, p = 0.002). Lung specimens from patients with IPPFE had more than twice the amount of EF than did those from patients with IPF (28.5 ± 3.3% vs. 12.1 ± 4.4%, p < 0.0001). The amount of EF in the lower lobes was significantly lower than that in the upper lobes, even in the same patient with IPPFE (23.6 ± 2.4% vs. 32.4 ± 5.5%, p = 0.048). However, the amount of EF in the lower lobes of patients with IPPFE was still higher than that of patients with IPF (23.6 ± 2.4% vs. 12.2 ± 4.4%, p < 0.0001).CONCLUSION: More than twice the amount of EF was found in patients with IPPFE than in those with IPF. Even in the lower lobes, the amount of EF was higher in patients with IPPFE than in those with IPF, although the distribution of lung EF was heterogeneous in IPPFE specimens.
|
['Biopsy, Needle', 'Cohort Studies', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Elastic Tissue', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Lung', 'Lung Diseases, Interstitial', 'Male', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 24,886,550
|
[['E01.370.225.500.384.100.119', 'E01.370.225.998.054.119', 'E01.370.388.100.100', 'E04.074.119', 'E04.665.100', 'E05.200.500.384.100.119', 'E05.200.998.054.119', 'E05.242.384.100.119'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E01.171'], ['A10.165.400'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381.765.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['A04.411'], ['C08.381.483'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Abnormal peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subsets in a subgroup of patients with COPD.
|
BACKGROUND: Smoking may induce changes in T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood. Abnormalities of T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood and in BAL fluid, and increased CD8+ T lymphocytes in the airways have been reported in patients with COPD. These findings suggest that T-lymphocyte abnormalities might be involved in the pathogenesis of airflow limitation in people who smoke.DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.SETTING: Outpatient pulmonary department of a university hospital.METHODS: To investigate this hypothesis, peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subsets were measured by flow cytometry using specific monoclonal antibodies in 20 healthy nonsmokers, 20 healthy smokers, and 20 smokers with stable COPD. No significant differences in the peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subsets were observed among the three groups. Because a previous study showed peripheral blood T-lymphocyte abnormalities in the subgroup of nonsmoking patients with COPD, we wanted to investigate what factors determine the subgroup of COPD with abnormal T-lymphocyte subsets. We tried to measure the relationship between T-lymphocyte subsets and physiologic indexes of pulmonary function tests in patients with COPD. The proportion of CD8+ T lymphocytes significantly correlated with diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and DLCO per unit of alveolar volume (DLCO/VA), and CD4+/CD8+ ratio correlated with DLCO/VA. Therefore, we attempted to classify the patients with COPD into two subgroups on the basis of DLCO/VA: 10 COPD patients with low DLCO/VA (< 80% predicted) and 10 patients with normal DLCO/VA (> or = 80% predicted).RESULTS: The normal DLCO/VA subgroup had a significantly higher proportion of CD8+ T lymphocytes and a lower CD4+/CD8+ ratio than the healthy smokers or the low DLCO/VA subgroup. Moreover, FEV1/FVC significantly correlated with the CD4+/CD8+ ratio only in the normal DLCO/VA subgroup.CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that T-lymphocyte abnormalities might be involved in the pathogenesis of airflow limitation in a subgroup of patients with COPD, presumably with small airways disease, but not in all cases of COPD.
|
['Aged', 'CD4-CD8 Ratio', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive', 'Smoking', 'Spirometry', 'T-Lymphocyte Subsets']
| 12,171,814
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595.500.150.160', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595.500.150.160', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595.500.150.160', 'E05.200.625.107.595.500.150.160', 'E05.242.195.107.595.500.150.160', 'G04.140.107.595.500.150.160', 'G09.188.105.595.500.150.160', 'G12.248'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C08.381.495.389'], ['F01.145.805'], ['E01.370.386.700.750'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Friend strain of spleen focus-forming virus: a recombinant between mouse type C ecotropic viral sequences and sequences related to xenotropic virus.
|
The genome of the Friend strain of the spleen focus-forming virus (SFFV) has been analyzed by molecular hybridization. SFFV is composed of genetic sequences homologous to Friend type C helper virus (F-MuLV) and SFFV-specific sequences not present in F-MuLV. These SFFV-specific sequences are present in both the Friend and Rauscher strains of murine erythroleukemia virus. The SFFV-specific sequences are partially homologous to three separate strains of mouse xenotropic virus but not to several cloned mouse ecotropic viruses. Thus, the Friend strain of SFFV appears to be a recombinant between a portion of the F-MuLV genome and RNA sequences that are highly related to murine xenotropic viruses. The implications of the acquisition of the xenotropic virus-related sequences are discussed in relation to the leukemogenicity of SFFV, and a model for the pathogenicity of other murine leukemia-inducing viruses is proposed.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cell Line', 'Clone Cells', 'Friend murine leukemia virus', 'Helper Viruses', 'Leukemia Virus, Murine', 'Mice', 'Molecular Weight', 'Nucleic Acid Conformation', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'RNA, Viral', 'Rats', 'Recombination, Genetic', 'Retroviridae', 'Virus Replication']
| 194,058
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.251.353'], ['B04.613.807.375.525.225', 'B04.820.650.375.525.225'], ['B04.423'], ['B04.613.807.375.525', 'B04.820.650.375.525'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G02.494'], ['G02.111.570.820.486', 'G05.360.580'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G05.728'], ['B04.613.807', 'B04.820.650'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Case Report: Primary Spinal Lymphoma.
|
This is the report on the case of a 74 year old male patient who was admitted to hospital emergency because of a distended bladder, which was detected on an MRI. This MRI was performed because of an acute paralysis of the patient’s left leg. After various examinations we could conclude that the patient’s neurological symptoms were not due to metastases of a solid tumour as we expected, but to a primary spinal diffuse B-cell lymphoma. The central nervous system, and especially the spinal cord, are an extremely rare location for primary B-Cell lymphoma.
|
['Aged', 'Humans', 'Lymphoma, B-Cell', 'Male', 'Spinal Cord Neoplasms']
| 29,468,864
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.386.480.150', 'C15.604.515.569.480.150', 'C20.683.515.761.480.150'], ['C04.588.614.250.803', 'C10.228.854.765', 'C10.551.240.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Research of the durability of connective tissue complexes formed in the implantation area of various types of allograft during the experiment].
|
The aim of the study is to examine in the experiment on the animals the mechanical properties of connective tissue complexes formed in alloplasty area using the intraperitoneal on lay mesh and sublay methodologies with further comparison of them. The experiment has been conducted on 12 rabbits of Russian chinchilla breed. Animals were distributed in the following way: the first group--operated by intraperitoneal on lay mesh methodology (n = 6) through implantation of composite grid Proceed with one-side celullose coating produced by "Ethicon" company. The second group--performed modeling of preperitoneal plastic using two-component composite grid with large-pores Ultrapro produced by "Ethicon" company (n = 6). For the tensometric evaluation of the strength of implant integration into the red wall was used entire area of anterior red wall together with the implanted transplant. According to the deflection diagrams and dynamometer rates defined the maximum burden rates which is equivalent of muscular tissue budge against polymeric matrix. Statistically significant distinctions during 14 days were not detected; however strength during 30 days in the first group was 3 times higher than in the second group. We consider that the methodology of intraperitoneal on lay mesh can be considered as operation of choice of surgery treatment of the umbilical hernias.
|
['Abdominal Wall', 'Allografts', 'Animals', 'Cellulose', 'Connective Tissue', 'Female', 'Hernia, Ventral', 'Male', 'Materials Testing', 'Porosity', 'Rabbits', 'Surgical Mesh', 'Tensile Strength']
| 25,906,664
|
[['A01.923.047.050'], ['A01.941.500'], ['B01.050'], ['D05.750.078.562.180', 'D09.698.365.180', 'D25.720.099.500', 'J01.637.051.720.099.500'], ['A10.165'], ['C23.300.707.374.937'], ['E05.570'], ['G01.374.710'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['E07.858.708'], ['G01.374.850']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Inhibitors of catalase-amyloid interactions protect cells from beta-amyloid-induced oxidative stress and toxicity.
|
Compelling evidence shows a strong correlation between accumulation of neurotoxic â-amyloid (Aâ) peptides and oxidative stress in the brains of patients afflicted with Alzheimer disease (AD). One hypothesis for this correlation involves the direct and harmful interaction of aggregated Aâ peptides with enzymes responsible for maintaining normal, cellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Identification of specific, destructive interactions of Aâ peptides with cellular anti-oxidant enzymes would represent an important step toward understanding the pathogenicity of Aâ peptides in AD. This report demonstrates that exposure of human neuroblastoma cells to cytotoxic preparations of aggregated Aâ peptides results in significant intracellular co-localization of Aâ with catalase, an anti-oxidant enzyme responsible for catalyzing the degradation of the ROS intermediate hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)). These catalase-Aâ interactions deactivate catalase, resulting in increased cellular levels of H(2)O(2). Furthermore, small molecule inhibitors of catalase-amyloid interactions protect the hydrogen peroxide-degrading activity of catalase in Aâ-rich environments, leading to reduction of the co-localization of catalase and Aâ in cells, inhibition of Aâ-induced increases in cellular levels of H(2)O(2), and reduction of the toxicity of Aâ peptides. These studies, thus, provide evidence for the important role of intracellular catalase-amyloid interactions in Aâ-induced oxidative stress and propose a novel molecular strategy to inhibit such harmful interactions in AD.
|
['Alzheimer Disease', 'Amyloid', 'Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor', 'Catalase', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Survival', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Neurodegenerative Diseases', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Reactive Oxygen Species']
| 20,923,778
|
[['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['D05.500.049', 'D12.776.049'], ['D12.776.049.407.249', 'D12.776.543.039', 'D12.776.645.468.500', 'D12.776.811.050'], ['D08.811.682.732.332'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.346'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['C10.574'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Normal blood pressure profiles during exercise according to age, sex and protocols].
|
Systolic and diastolic blood pressure profiles of 2,808 healthy subjects are reported according to age, sex and exercise protocols. The rates of increase of systolic pressures are expressed with respect to the heart rate and decrease with age. For a given sub-maximal effort the systolic blood pressure is lower in males and in the younger age groups: the diastolic blood pressure only increases significantly on exercise after 50 years of age. These variations according to age and sex were confirmed on treadmill exercise but the peak pressure values were lower. These quantitative results differ from those of previously reported studies and suggest that the diagnostic criteria of hypertension of effort should be redefined.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Blood Pressure', 'Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory', 'Clinical Protocols', 'Diastole', 'Exercise Test', 'Female', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sex Factors', 'Systole']
| 7,832,617
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.370.140.100', 'E01.370.520.500.100'], ['E02.183', 'N05.715.360.330.125'], ['G09.330.580.295', 'G11.427.494.554.250', 'G11.427.494.570.295'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['G09.330.580.880', 'G11.427.494.570.880']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Prostate secretions from men with chronic pelvic pain syndrome inhibit proinflammatory mediators.
|
PURPOSE: In the past numerous chemokines have been noted in the expressed prostatic secretions of patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. We examined the functional effects of chemokines in expressed prostatic secretions of patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied the functional effects of expressed prostatic secretions on human monocytes by examining monocyte chemotaxis in response to monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, a major chemoattractant previously identified in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome cases. We determined effects on cellular signaling by quantifying intracellular calcium increase in monocytes and nuclear factor-êB activation in normal prostate epithelial cells.RESULTS: Results show that the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in expressed prostatic secretions is nonfunctional with an inability to mediate human monocyte chemotaxis, or mediate signaling in monocytes or prostate epithelial cells. This lack of functionality could be extended to other proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1â and tumor necrosis factor-á, when incubated with expressed prostatic secretions from patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome. The mechanism underlying this apparent ability to modulate proinflammatory cytokines involves heat labile extracellular proteases that mediate the inhibition of immune and prostate epithelial cell function.CONCLUSIONS: These results may have implications for the design of specific diagnostic and therapeutic methods targeted toward the complete resolution of prostate inflammatory insults.
|
['Chemokine CCL2', 'Humans', 'Inflammation Mediators', 'Male', 'Prostate', 'Prostatitis']
| 20,723,928
|
[['D12.644.276.374.200.110.990.600', 'D12.776.467.374.200.110.990.600', 'D23.125.300.110.990.600', 'D23.469.200.110.990.600', 'D23.529.374.200.110.990.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D23.469'], ['A05.360.444.575', 'A10.336.707'], ['C12.294.565.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Involvement of ethylene signaling in Azospirillum sp. B510-induced disease resistance in rice.
|
A bacterial endophyte Azospirillum sp. B510 induces systemic disease resistance in the host without accompanying defense-related gene expression. To elucidate molecular mechanism of this induced systemic resistance (ISR), involvement of ethylene (ET) was examined using OsEIN2-knockdown mutant rice. Rice blast inoculation assay and gene expression analysis indicated that ET signaling is required for endophyte-mediated ISR in rice.ABBREVIATIONS: ACC: 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid; EIN2: ethylene-insensitive protein 2; ET: ethylene; ISR: induced systemic resistance; JA: jasmonic acid; RNAi: RNA interference; SA: salicylic acid; SAR: systemic acquired resistance.
|
['Azospirillum', 'Ethylenes', 'Gene Knockdown Techniques', 'Oryza', 'Signal Transduction']
| 29,847,205
|
[['B03.440.400.425.708.100', 'B03.660.050.755.750.100'], ['D02.455.326.271.367'], ['E05.393.335.500'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.616'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Body perception in relation to muscular tone at rest and tactile sensitivity to tickle.
|
Two aspects of body image (body perception and body acceptance), muscle tone at rest, and disposition to perceive positively connoted stimuli (tickle) were studied with 35 female subjects. Our hypothesized relation of muscle tension and body perception was confirmed by an inverse correlation between these variables. Also evident was the link of the good acceptance of the body with the disposition to perceive pleasurable stimuli (tickle perception) longer and the link of level of body awareness and resistance to change (latency to tickle). Also a direct relationship between body perception and body acceptance emerged.
|
['Adult', 'Body Image', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Muscle Tonus', 'Reaction Time', 'Rest', 'Skin Physiological Phenomena', 'Touch']
| 6,877,967
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.752.747.792.110', 'F02.463.593.112'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G11.427.565'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['I03.450.769.647'], ['G13.750'], ['F02.830.816.850', 'G11.561.790.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Strabismus among aged Medicare beneficiaries: impact of health status and region.
|
PURPOSE: To describe the effect of health status and geographic region of the United States on the prevalence of strabismus and strabismus surgery in the aged Medicare fee-for-service population.METHODS: A 5% sample of Medicare claims was used to identify aged beneficiaries diagnosed with strabismus and those having strabismus surgery between 2002 and 2010. The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), a measure of systemic health, was calculated. The regional analysis divided the United States into East, West, Midwest, and South. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, race, CCI, and region.RESULTS: The 5% sample for 2010 included 1,237,469 unique beneficiaries. Strabismus was diagnosed in 8,470 (0.68%) and strabismus surgery was performed on 197 (0.016%). Pooled data from 2002 through 2010 found the prevalence of strabismus increasing significantly with increasing comorbidity (P < 0.0001): 0.52% (CCI, 0), 0.65% (CCI, 1-2), 0.77% (CCI, 3-4), and 0.82% (CCI, 5 or higher). Conversely, the prevalence of strabismus surgery declined slightly with increasing comorbidity (P = 0.088): 0.016% (CCI, 0), 0.017% (CCI, 1-2), 0.015% (CCI, 3-4), and 0.015% (CCI, 5 or higher). The diagnosis of strabismus was made least frequently in the South (P < 0.0001), whereas strabismus surgery was performed more often in the West (P = 0.006). All significant effects remained after adjustment.CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of strabismus increases significantly with declining health status; however, health status had little effect on the rate of strabismus surgery. Regional rates of strabismus diagnosis and surgery differ widely.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Fee-for-Service Plans', 'Female', 'Geography', 'Health Status', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Medicare', 'Oculomotor Muscles', 'Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures', 'Residence Characteristics', 'Strabismus', 'United States']
| 23,928,005
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['N03.219.442.195', 'N03.219.521.710.305.090', 'N04.452.758.745.225'], ['H01.277.500'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['N03.219.521.346.506.564.663', 'N03.219.521.576.343.840', 'N03.706.615.696'], ['A02.633.567.700'], ['E04.540'], ['N01.224.791', 'N06.850.505.400.800'], ['C10.292.562.887', 'C11.590.810'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Isolation and functional characterization of a cDNA coding a hydroxycinnamoyltransferase involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis in Cynara cardunculus L.
|
BACKGROUND: Cynara cardunculus L. is an edible plant of pharmaceutical interest, in particular with respect to the polyphenolic content of its leaves. It includes three taxa: globe artichoke, cultivated cardoon, and wild cardoon. The dominating phenolics are the di-caffeoylquinic acids (such as cynarin), which are largely restricted to Cynara species, along with their precursor, chlorogenic acid (CGA). The scope of this study is to better understand CGA synthesis in this plant.RESULTS: A gene sequence encoding a hydroxycinnamoyltransferase (HCT) involved in the synthesis of CGA, was identified. Isolation of the gene sequence was achieved by using a PCR strategy with degenerated primers targeted to conserved regions of orthologous HCT sequences available. We have isolated a 717 bp cDNA which shares 84% aminoacid identity and 92% similarity with a tobacco gene responsible for the biosynthesis of CGA from p-coumaroyl-CoA and quinic acid. In silico studies revealed the globe artichoke HCT sequence clustering with one of the main acyltransferase groups (i.e. anthranilate N-hydroxycinnamoyl/benzoyltransferase). Heterologous expression of the full length HCT (GenBank accession DQ104740) cDNA in E. coli demonstrated that the recombinant enzyme efficiently synthesizes both chlorogenic acid and p-coumaroyl quinate from quinic acid and caffeoyl-CoA or p-coumaroyl-CoA, respectively, confirming its identity as a hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA: quinate HCT. Variable levels of HCT expression were shown among wild and cultivated forms of C. cardunculus subspecies. The level of expression was correlated with CGA content.CONCLUSION: The data support the predicted involvement of the Cynara cardunculus HCT in the biosynthesis of CGA before and/or after the hydroxylation step of hydroxycinnamoyl esters.
|
['Acyltransferases', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Blotting, Northern', 'Chlorogenic Acid', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Cynara', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Escherichia coli', 'Flavonoids', 'Gene Expression', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Kinetics', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phenols', 'Phylogeny', 'Plant Leaves', 'Polyphenols', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Sequence Alignment']
| 17,374,149
|
[['D08.811.913.050'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['E05.196.401.095', 'E05.301.300.074', 'E05.601.100'], ['D02.241.223.200.185', 'D02.241.223.268.220'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.100.269'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450'], ['G05.297'], ['G05.308.320'], ['G05.308.375'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['A18.024.812'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.715', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.260.777'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E05.393.751']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Gamma delta-T cell-receptor-positive lymphocytes inhibit human hematopoietic progenitor cell growth in HIV type 1-infected patients.
|
In severe HIV infection, the majority of patients exhibit signs of hematopoietic deficiency including anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. Besides other pathophysiological mechanisms, the disturbed helper/suppressor ratio of T-lymphocytes suggests that alterations within T cell subpopulations may have a suppressive effect on HIV-associated hematopoiesis. Since a delta TCS-1- and mostly CD-8-positive subpopulation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes expressing the gamma delta-receptor is increased in peripheral blood and bone marrow of HIV-infected persons, it was the aim of this study to investigate the role of gamma delta-positive cells in HIV-associated bone marrow deficiency. The number of bone marrow-derived pluripotent colony-forming units (CFU-GEMM), burstforming units-erythrocyte (BFU-E), and colony-forming units-granulocyte-monocyte (CFU-GM) of HIV-1-positive patients was significantly (p < 0.05) increased after depletion of CD-8-positive, gamma delta-positive, and delta TCS-1-positive T-lymphocytes. In contrast, the depletion of these subpopulations had no stimulatory effect in healthy controls. Further experiments identified direct cellular contact between effector and hematopoietic progenitor cells and the production of interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha as the mechanisms mediating the suppressive effect of the delta TCS-1-positive cells in HIV-positive patients.
|
['Adult', 'Base Sequence', 'Bone Marrow Cells', 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Cell Division', 'Cells, Cultured', 'DNA, Viral', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'HIV-1', 'Hematopoiesis', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cells', 'Humans', 'Interferon-alpha', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase', 'Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta', 'Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 8,743,083
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.148', 'A15.378.316'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['A11.251'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['G04.152.825', 'G09.188.343'], ['A11.148.378', 'A11.872.378', 'A15.378.316.378'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890.250', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890.250', 'D23.529.374.440.890.250'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300.750', 'D12.776.964.775.375.750', 'D12.776.964.900.750.500.750', 'D12.776.964.970.600.850.375.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.816.824.825'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.816.824.830'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Baseline serum syndecan-4 predicts prognosis after the onset of acute exacerbation of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia.
|
BACKGROUND: Patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia can experience acute respiratory worsening, also known as acute exacerbation, with a large deterioration on prognosis. The precise mechanism remains unclear; however, syndecan-4 may be involved. Syndecan-4, a transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan expressed in a variety of cells (e.g., epithelial cells, macrophages, fibroblasts, etc.), performs various biological roles by binding to several proteins through its heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan side chains. The goal of this study was to clarify the role of syndecan-4 in acute exacerbation of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia.METHODS: Patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia who had been sequentially admitted to our hospital due to acute exacerbation were retrospectively analyzed. First, serum syndecan-4 levels in the acute exacerbation and clinically stable phases were compared. Second, the relationship between serum syndecan-4 levels and clinical parameters was analyzed. Third, the relationship between serum syndecan-4 levels and prognosis was evaluated.RESULTS: Serum syndecan-4 levels were significantly lower in patients with acute exacerbation of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia than in patients in the clinically stable phase. Serum syndecan-4 levels also showed a significant positive correlation with white blood cell count and a weak positive tendency with KL-6 and baseline %VC. Prognosis was significantly worse in patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia with high baseline serum syndecan-4 levels than with low baseline levels. Multiple logistic analysis indicated baseline serum syndecan-4 level as the only prognostic predictor following acute exacerbation.CONCLUSIONS: Baseline serum syndecan-4 is a possible prognostic biomarker after the onset of acute exacerbation of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Biomarkers', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias', 'Male', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Syndecan-4']
| 28,467,516
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.101'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381.483.487', 'C08.381.765.500.750'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['D12.776.395.550.847.800', 'D12.776.395.650.350.500.800', 'D12.776.543.550.847.400']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Change in hearing during 'wait and scan' management of patients with vestibular schwannoma.
|
AIM: To evaluate hearing changes during 'wait and scan' management of patients with vestibular schwannoma.SUBJECTS: Over a 10-year period, 636 patients have prospectively been allocated to 'wait and scan' management, with annual magnetic resonance scanning and audiological examination.RESULTS: At the time of diagnosis, 334 patients (53 per cent) had good hearing and speech discrimination of better than 70 per cent; at the end of the 10-year observation period, this latter percentage was 31 per cent. In 17 per cent of the patients, speech discrimination at diagnosis was 100 per cent; of these, 88 per cent still had good hearing at the end of the observation period. However, in patients with even a small initial speech discrimination loss, only 55 per cent maintained good hearing at the end of the observation period.CONCLUSION: After comparing the hearing results of hearing preservation surgery and of radiation therapy with those of 'wait and scan' management, it appears that, in vestibular schwannoma patients with a small tumour and normal speech discrimination, the main indication for active treatment should be established tumour growth.
|
['Case-Control Studies', 'Disease Progression', 'Ear Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Hearing Disorders', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuroma, Acoustic', 'Prospective Studies', 'Speech Perception', 'Time Factors']
| 18,088,451
|
[['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['C04.588.443.665.312', 'C09.218.334', 'C09.647.312'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C09.218.458', 'C10.597.751.418', 'C23.888.592.763.393'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.595.610', 'C04.557.580.600.610.595.610', 'C04.557.580.625.650.595.610', 'C04.588.614.300.015', 'C04.588.614.596.240.015', 'C09.218.807.800.675', 'C09.647.675', 'C10.292.225.750', 'C10.292.910.600'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['F02.463.593.071.875', 'G07.888.125.875'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Clearance kinetics and organ uptake of complement-solubilized immune complexes in mice.
|
C3-bearing immune complexes were prepared by in vitro solubilization of BSA-anti-BSA complexes at equivalence. Sucrose density gradient analyses showed a size-heterogeneous population of solubilized complexes with a range of 7S to greater than 29S and a peak at around 19S. The presence of C3bi was demonstrated by precipitation with antibodies to C3c and to C3d and by binding to conglutinin. Immune complexes solubilized in two and three times antigen excess were selected as controls due to their size similarities with complement-solubilized complexes. Blood clearance curves were very similar for C3-bearing complexes and controls. At 1 hr, the percentage of injected material remaining in the circulation for complement-solubilized and two and three times antigen excess complexes were 29.5 +/- 1.3, 30.9 +/- 1.7 and 26.1 +/- 2.7, respectively. Uptake by liver accounted for the majority of complement- and antigen-solubilized immune complexes removed from circulation. Although the uptake by the spleen was no more than one-tenth of the liver uptake, more complement-solubilized complexes than antigen-solubilized complexes were removed by this organ. The present data indicate that soluble immune complexes bearing C3 components and soluble immune complexes without C3 components, but of comparable size, are cleared from the circulation of mice at comparable rates. The mechanisms of clearance of these two populations of complexes, however, may differ.
|
['Animals', 'Antigen-Antibody Complex', 'Complement C3', 'Female', 'Kidney', 'Kinetics', 'Liver', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Serum Albumin, Bovine', 'Solubility', 'Spleen']
| 3,817,872
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.257', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.257', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.257', 'D23.050.101'], ['D12.776.124.050.140', 'D12.776.124.486.274.250'], ['A05.810.453'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['D12.776.034.841.540', 'D12.776.124.727.875'], ['G02.805'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Subcutaneous implantation of liver metastasis after fine needle biopsy.
|
A 50-year-old woman underwent percutaneous ultrasonographic fine needle biopsy of a suspicious liver metastasis of colon cancer. A subcutaneous metastasis developed at the site of the puncture 20 days after biopsy. Tumor recurrence in the needle biopsy track is rarely reported in the literature. The possible causes of this complication are discussed.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Biopsy, Needle', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Seeding', 'Skin Neoplasms', 'Ultrasonography']
| 1,478,299
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.119', 'E01.370.225.998.054.119', 'E01.370.388.100.100', 'E04.074.119', 'E04.665.100', 'E05.200.500.384.100.119', 'E05.200.998.054.119', 'E05.242.384.100.119'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.650.830', 'C23.550.727.650.830'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Preservation of hearing in patients undergoing excision of acoustic neuromas and other cerebellopontine angle tumors.
|
Microsurgical techniques have made it possible to identify and preserve the cochlear nerve from its origin at the brain stem and along its course through the internal auditory canal in patients undergoing removal of small or medium-sized acoustic neuromas or other cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumors. In a consecutive series of 100 patients with such tumors operated on between 1975 and 1981, an attempt was made to preserve the cochlear nerve in 23. The decision to attempt to preserve hearing was based on tumor size and the degree of associated hearing loss. In cases of unilateral acoustic neuroma, the criteria for attempted preservation of hearing were tumor size (2.5 cm or less), speech reception threshold (50 dB or less), and speech discrimination score (60% or greater). In patients with bilateral acoustic neuromas or tumors of other types, the size and hearing criteria were significantly broadened. All patients were operated on through a suboccipital approach. Hearing was preserved postoperatively in six (31.6%) of the 19 patients with unilateral acoustic neuromas, although the cochlear nerve was preserved in 16. Of the six patients with postoperative hearing, three retained excellent hearing, and the other three had only sound awareness and poor discrimination. Hearing was preserved in three cases with other CPA tumors, including an epidermoid cyst and small petrous meningiomas in the internal auditory canal. Of the two cases with bilateral tumors, hearing was preserved in one. Of the 23 patients in whom hearing preservation was attempted, nine (39.1%) had some postoperative hearing, which in six was equal to or better than the preoperative level. Thus, it is worthwhile to attempt hearing preservation in selected patients with CPA tumors.
|
['Brain Neoplasms', 'Cerebellopontine Angle', 'Cochlear Nerve', 'Hearing Disorders', 'Hearing Tests', 'Humans', 'Neuroma, Acoustic', 'Postoperative Complications']
| 3,874,935
|
[['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.428.200.462'], ['A08.800.800.120.910.120'], ['C09.218.458', 'C10.597.751.418', 'C23.888.592.763.393'], ['E01.370.382.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.595.610', 'C04.557.580.600.610.595.610', 'C04.557.580.625.650.595.610', 'C04.588.614.300.015', 'C04.588.614.596.240.015', 'C09.218.807.800.675', 'C09.647.675', 'C10.292.225.750', 'C10.292.910.600'], ['C23.550.767']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Novel presentation of a fourth branchial cleft anomaly in a male infant.
|
Fourth branchial cleft anomalies are rare congenital disorders of the neck. We describe a case involving a unique presentation of this entity as well as a review of the literature concerning its management.
|
['Branchial Region', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Mediastinal Emphysema', 'Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn']
| 20,015,714
|
[['A16.142'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C08.846.187.290', 'C23.550.325.250'], ['C08.381.840.500', 'C08.618.840.500', 'C16.614.521.563']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Pilot study on the safety and efficacy of desmopressin for the treatment or prevention of bleeding in patients with hematologic malignancies.
|
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Desmopressin is the treatment of choice for patients with von Willebrand's disease and mild hemophilia A. This compound is also useful in other congenital and acquired disorders of hemostasis, reducing the need for blood derivatives with the inherent risks of infections and alloimmunization. The following article presents a pilot study on the safety and efficacy of desmopressin for the treatment or prevention of bleeding in 15 patients with thrombocytopenia associated with hematologic malignancies.METHODS: Cases were consecutively recruited from February to June 1995. Fifteen patients were treated with desmopressin for prevention or treatment of bleeding. Desmopressin was diluted in 100 mL of isotonic saline and infused for 30 minutes. Bleeding time (BT) was carried out using the Simplate II device, making two standardized incisions on the forearm: the mean between the two incisions was recorded.RESULTS: Significant reduction of BT was observed in three out of four patients with myelodysplastic syndrome who were successfully treated for active bleeding or dental extraction. In the remaining patients, the effect of desmopressin on BT was not tested. Nevertheless, in all of them bleeding mainly due to epistaxis or persistent gum oozing was stopped by a single infusion of desmopressin. In three patients, desmopressin infusion had been successfully administered on a different occasion. No side effects were observed.INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS: Desmopressin could be a safe and immediately effective option for the treatment or prevention of bleeding in selected patients with hematologic malignancies.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Bleeding Time', 'Coagulants', 'Deamino Arginine Vasopressin', 'Female', 'Hematologic Neoplasms', 'Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pilot Projects', 'Thrombocytopenia']
| 9,407,726
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.225.625.625.100', 'E05.200.625.625.100', 'G09.188.087'], ['D27.505.954.502.270'], ['D06.472.699.631.692.781.100.250', 'D12.644.400.900.100.250', 'D12.644.456.925.100.250', 'D12.644.548.691.692.781.100.250', 'D12.776.631.650.937.100.250'], ['C04.588.448', 'C15.378.400'], ['C23.550.414'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['C15.378.140.855']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Patterns of microcracking in apple fruit skin reflect those of the cuticular ridges and of the epidermal cell walls.
|
MAIN CONCLUSION: Microcracks in the cuticle of developing apples are aligned with ridges on the inner cuticle surface and are indicative of stress-strain concentrations above the anticlinal cell walls. Microcracks occur in cuticles of most fruits. Growth strains are considered causal. In apples (Malus ? domestica), microcracks usually form a mesh pattern similar to that formed by cuticular ridges. Ridge patterns are similar to those of the epidermal cells' anticlinal walls. Our aim was to identify the mechanistic bases for these pattern similarities. By quantifying ridge depth, ridge width, and the areas enclosed by ridges, we reveal the presence of major and minor ridges. Major ridges enclose two-to-four epidermal cells, minor ridges only one cell. There are similar and overlying patterns of microcracking on the cuticle's outer surface and of ridges on its inner surface-microcracks generally follow the outlines of the major ridges. In biaxial tensile tests at 20 kPa, strains were low and microcracks shallow, but at > 40 kPa, strains were higher and microcracks deeper. Microcracks traversing the cuticle are usually aligned with the anticlinal walls of the underlying epidermal cells. In general, increased skin strain is associated with increased skin transpiration. Transpiration increases are reversible for low strains but irreversible for high strains. The alignment of cuticular microcracks with the major ridges, and these with the anticlinal cell walls, indicates associated stress/strain concentrations.
|
['Cell Wall', 'Fruit', 'Malus', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Plant Epidermis', 'Tensile Strength']
| 29,705,975
|
[['A11.284.183'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.937.500.444'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['A18.024.750'], ['G01.374.850']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of peak flow information on patterns of self-care in adult asthma.
|
Self-care is an important issue in the management of adults with asthma. Little is known about the specific strategies used by people with asthma to control symptoms and abort asthma attacks. The purpose of this study was to identify self-care strategies used to control asthma symptoms and to determine the effect of peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) information on selection of self-care strategies. Thirty adult subjects with asthma were randomly assigned to either a control or an experimental group; 28 completed the study. All subjects recorded episodes of dyspnea, wheezing, and chest tightness and self-care actions in an asthma symptom diary. The experimental group recorded PEFR at the beginning and end of each symptom episode. Reported strategies were categorized into problem-focused, emotion-focused, or mixed self-care strategies. The experimental group, with access to PEFR information, used medication significantly less often than the control group. The experimental group also reported fewer and less frequent uses of alternative nondrug strategies.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adult', 'Asthma', 'Bronchodilator Agents', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Peak Expiratory Flow Rate', 'Self Care', 'Theophylline']
| 3,417,465
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['D27.505.696.663.050.110', 'D27.505.954.796.050.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.386.700.660.225.600', 'G09.772.650.300.790'], ['E02.900', 'I03.050.563', 'N02.421.784.680'], ['D03.132.960.751', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.751']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Urgent Endovascular Treatment for Non-traumatic Descending Thoracic Aortic Rupture.
|
PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of endovascular repair of non-traumatic rupture of the descending thoracic aorta.MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2011 to August 2017, 22 consecutive patients (16 men, mean age 73.7 years, range 63-92 years) with non-traumatic rupture of the descending thoracic aorta were treated endovascularly. Thirty-day mortality as well as procedure-related morbidity including stroke, renal, pulmonary and spinal complications were retrospectively assessed. Median follow-up was 29 months (range 6-65 months).RESULTS: Nine patients had type B dissections, and 13 had atherosclerotic aortic aneurysms. The technical success was 100%; 86.3% of patients (19/22) were treated percutaneously. Thirteen patients (59%) received a single endograft, 8 (36%) received 2 endografts, and 1 received 3 endografts. The endograft diameters ranged between 28 and 46 mm. Two dissection patients received additional distal bare metal true lumen stents. Eleven patients required additional drainage of thoracic hematoma. Three primary percutaneous sites (15.7%) required surgical revision. No spinal cord ischemic or renal complications were observed. Stroke was observed in 2 patients (9%), both with full coverage of left subclavian artery origin. Four patients (18%) required tracheostomy with prolonged respiratory support (range 10-15 days). The median intensive care unit stay was 5 days (range 1-27 days). The 30-day mortality was 18.1% (4/22).CONCLUSION: Endoluminal repair of non-traumatic rupture of the descending thoracic aorta can be performed percutaneously. It showed a 30-day mortality of 18.1%, and no spinal cord injury or renal complications were observed in surviving patients at follow-up.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 4, case series.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aorta, Thoracic', 'Aortic Rupture', 'Blood Vessel Prosthesis', 'Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation', 'Endovascular Procedures', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Rupture, Spontaneous', 'Stents', 'Time Factors', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 29,948,006
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A07.015.114.056.372'], ['C14.907.055.185.125', 'C14.907.055.239.175', 'C14.907.109.139.175', 'C26.761.125'], ['E07.695.110'], ['E04.100.814.868.500', 'E04.650.200'], ['E04.100.814.529', 'E04.502.382'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C23.300.909'], ['E07.695.750'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Pulmonary tissue volume, cardiac output, and diffusing capacity in sustained microgravity.
|
In microgravity (microG) humans have marked changes in body fluids, with a combination of an overall fluid loss and a redistribution of fluids in the cranial direction. We investigated whether interstitial pulmonary edema develops as a result of a headward fluid shift or whether pulmonary tissue fluid volume is reduced as a result of the overall loss of body fluid. We measured pulmonary tissue volume (Vti), capillary blood flow, and diffusing capacity in four subjects before, during, and after 10 days of exposure to microG during spaceflight. Measurements were made by rebreathing a gas mixture containing small amounts of acetylene, carbon monoxide, and argon. Measurements made early in flight in two subjects showed no change in Vti despite large increases in stroke volume (40%) and diffusing capacity (13%) consistent with increased pulmonary capillary blood volume. Late in-flight measurements in four subjects showed a 25% reduction in Vti compared with preflight controls (P < 0.001). There was a concomittant reduction in stroke volume, to the extent that it was no longer significantly different from preflight control. Diffusing capacity remained elevated (11%; P < 0.05) late in flight. These findings suggest that, despite increased pulmonary perfusion and pulmonary capillary blood volume, interstitial pulmonary edema does not result from exposure to microG.
|
['Blood Gas Analysis', 'Carbon Monoxide', 'Cardiac Output', 'Exercise Test', 'Functional Residual Capacity', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Lung', 'Lung Volume Measurements', 'Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity', 'Respiratory Function Tests', 'Space Flight', 'Weightlessness']
| 9,292,467
|
[['E01.370.225.124.100.100', 'E01.370.386.700.100', 'E05.200.124.100.100'], ['D01.200.250', 'D01.362.200', 'D01.650.550.250'], ['E01.370.370.380.150', 'G09.330.380.124'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['E01.370.386.700.485.750.275', 'G09.772.850.390'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A04.411'], ['E01.370.386.700.485'], ['E01.370.386.700.650.650', 'G09.772.600'], ['E01.370.386.700'], ['J01.937.285.850'], ['G01.060.350.369.400.900']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Implementation of a patient-centred and physician-oriented healthcare information system.
|
Integration of information has enabled expeditious operation in air transfer, banking, shopping, and stock brokerage, but not in healthcare. Existing health information systems (HIS) are concerned too much with departmental performance and charge billing, and neglect the end users--the patients and the physicians. The resultant HIS then has divergent operation to antagonize the physicians, and has fragmented data to the disadvantage of patients. Recognizing the problems and the trend of HIS, this study proposed and implemented a patient-centred and physician-oriented HIS in a Urology clinic. The proposed HIS had patient care as its core, and accurately coded the patient's diagnoses and therapy information. It also offered a friendly environment and complete function for the physician to administrate medical records and to provide healthcare services. The HIS had client/server structure and an open system to protect the hardware investment and the software implementation. It will be the key to success in complete hospital environments.
|
['Hospital Information Systems', 'Humans', 'Information Storage and Retrieval', 'Organizational Innovation', 'Patient-Centered Care', 'Systems Integration', 'Taiwan', 'User-Computer Interface']
| 9,364,429
|
[['N04.452.442.452.452', 'N04.452.515.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.313.500.750.280', 'L01.470'], ['N04.452.610'], ['N04.590.233.727.407'], ['H01.770.787', 'L01.906.787'], ['Z01.252.474.872', 'Z01.639.850'], ['L01.224.900.910']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Integrase inhibitors in late pregnancy and rapid HIV viral load reduction.
|
BACKGROUND: Minimizing time to HIV viral suppression is critical in pregnancy. Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs), like raltegravir, are known to rapidly suppress plasma HIV RNA in nonpregnant adults. There are limited data in pregnant women.OBJECTIVE: We describe time to clinically relevant reduction in HIV RNA in pregnant women using INSTI-containing and non-INSTI-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART) options.STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of pregnant HIV-infected women in the United States from 2009 through 2015. We included women who initiated ART, intensified their regimen, or switched to a new regimen due to detectable viremia (HIV RNA >40 copies/mL) at ?20 weeks gestation. Among women with a baseline HIV RNA permitting 1-log reduction, we estimated time to 1-log RNA reduction using the Kaplan-Meier estimator comparing women starting/adding an INSTI in their regimen vs other ART. To compare groups with similar follow-up time, we also conducted a subgroup analysis limited to women with ?14 days between baseline and follow-up RNA data.RESULTS: This study describes 101 HIV-infected pregnant women from 11 US clinics. In all, 75% (76/101) of women were not taking ART at baseline; 24 were taking non-INSTI containing ART, and 1 received zidovudine monotherapy. In all, 39% (39/101) of women started an INSTI-containing regimen or added an INSTI to their ART regimen. Among 90 women with a baseline HIV RNA permitting 1-log reduction, the median time to 1-log RNA reduction was 8 days (interquartile range [IQR], 7-14) in the INSTI group vs 35 days (IQR, 20-53) in the non-INSTI ART group (P < .01). In a subgroup of 39 women with first and last RNA measurements ?14 days apart, median time to 1-log reduction was 7 days (IQR, 6-10) in the INSTI group vs 11 days (IQR, 10-14) in the non-INSTI group (P < .01).CONCLUSION: ART that includes INSTIs appears to induce more rapid viral suppression than other ART regimens in pregnancy. Inclusion of an INSTI may play a role in optimal reduction of HIV RNA for HIV-infected pregnant women presenting late to care or failing initial therapy. Larger studies are urgently needed to assess the safety and effectiveness of this approach.
|
['Adult', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'Gestational Age', 'HIV', 'HIV Infections', 'HIV Integrase Inhibitors', 'HIV Protease Inhibitors', 'Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring', 'Humans', 'Oxazines', 'Piperazines', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications, Infectious', 'Pregnancy Trimester, Second', 'Pregnancy Trimester, Third', 'Pyridones', 'RNA, Viral', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors', 'Time Factors', 'Viral Load', 'Young Adult']
| 26,928,154
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E02.319.310'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['D27.505.519.389.375.400', 'D27.505.954.122.388.077.088.314'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.900.500', 'D27.505.954.122.388.077.088.420'], ['D03.633.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.383.533'], ['D03.383.606'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C01.674', 'C13.703.700'], ['G08.686.707.490'], ['G08.686.707.520'], ['D03.383.725.791'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['D27.505.519.389.675.850', 'D27.505.954.122.388.308'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.370.225.875.950', 'E05.200.875.950', 'G06.920.850'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Lung abscess in adults: clinical comparison of immunocompromised to non-immunocompromised patients.
|
Information related to the clinical characteristics and isolated microbes associated with lung abscesses comparing immunocompromised (IC) to non-immunocompromised (non-IC) patients is limited. A retrospective review for 1984-1996 identified 34 consecutive adult cases of lung abscess (representing 0.2% of all cases of pneumonia), including 10 non-IC and 24 IC patients. Comparison of age, gender, tobacco use, pre-existing pulmonary disease or recognized aspiration risk factors were not significantly different between the two groups. Upper lobe involvement accounted for the majority of cases, although multi-lobe involvement was limited to IC patients. There were no differences in the need for surgical intervention, and mortality was very low for both groups. Anaerobes were the most frequent isolates for non-IC patients (30%), whereas aerobes were the most frequent isolate for IC patients (63%). Importantly, certain organisms were exclusively isolated in the IC group and multiple isolates were obtained only from the IC patients.Thus, comparing non-IC to IC patients, clinical characteristics may be similar whereas important differences may exist in the microbiology associated with lung abscess. These findings have important implications for the clinical management of these patient groups, and support a strategy to aggressively identify microbial agents in abscess material.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Bacteria, Aerobic', 'Bacteria, Anaerobic', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunocompromised Host', 'Lung', 'Lung Abscess', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radiography', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Smoking']
| 11,905,552
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B03.120'], ['B03.130'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.470'], ['A04.411'], ['C01.748.407', 'C01.830.025.490', 'C08.381.450', 'C08.730.407'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.805']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Chlorin e6 conjugated silica nanoparticles for targeted and effective photodynamic therapy.
|
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using photosensitizer drug has become an important therapeutic modality. However, the stability and targeted delivery of photosensitizer remain a critical challenge for efficient PDT treatment. In the present study, we developed chlorin e6 (Ce6)-conjugated and folic acid (FA)-decorated silica nanoparticles (silica-Ce6-FA) for targeted delivery of photosensitizer to the cancer cells. The synthesized NPs exhibited excellent stability and biocompatibility with MDA-MB-231 cells. The formulated particles were efficiently taken up by folate receptor-positive MDA-MB-231 cells, which were confirmed by comparative analysis with folate receptor-negative HepG2 cells. The folate receptor-targeted silica-Ce6-FA was highly accumulated inside the MDA-MB-231 cells than free Ce6. The obtained NPs produced singlet oxygen efficiently under 670-nm laser exposure. The cell-killing effect of silica-Ce6-FA was higher when compared with free Ce6 under PDT treatment. The PDT-induced mitochondrial damage and apoptotic cell death were detected in silica-Ce6-FA-treated cells.
|
['Apoptosis', 'Drug Stability', 'Folic Acid', 'Hep G2 Cells', 'Humans', 'Nanoparticles', 'Particle Size', 'Photochemotherapy', 'Photosensitizing Agents', 'Porphyrins', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Silicon Dioxide', 'Surface Properties']
| 28,583,295
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['E05.916.330'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.400'], ['A11.251.860.180.432', 'A11.436.348.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J01.637.512.600'], ['G02.712'], ['E02.186.500', 'E02.319.685', 'E02.774.722'], ['D27.505.954.444.600', 'D27.505.954.600.710'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.500', 'D03.633.400.909.500', 'D04.345.783.500', 'D23.767.727'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['D01.578.750', 'D01.650.550.825', 'D01.837.725'], ['G02.860']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Characteristics and Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients with Respiratory Failure Admitted to a "Pandemic Ready" Intensive Care Unit - Lessons from Singapore.
|
INTRODUCTION: Singapore was one of the first countries affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic but has been able to prevent its healthcare system and intensive care units (ICU) from being overwhelmed. We describe the clinical features, management and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure admitted to our ICU.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A case series of COVID-19 patients admitted to our ICU for respiratory failure from 7 February, with data censoring at 30 June 2020, was performed from a review of medical records.RESULTS: Twenty-two COVID-19 patients were admitted to our ICU for respiratory failure. The median age was 54.5 years (IQR 30-45.5), 72.7% were male and had at least one comorbidity. The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II scores were 2.5 (IQR 1.25-7) and 10 (8.25-12) respectively. Thirteen patients required invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and had a median PaO2/FiO2 ratio of 194 mmHg (IQR 173-213) after intubation. The 28-day survival was 100%, with 2 patients demising subsequently. The overall ICU mortality rate was 9.1% at the time of data censoring. In IMV survivors, length of IMV and ICU stay were 11 days (IQR 9-17.75) and 16 days (IQR 12-32) respectively.CONCLUSION: Low COVID-19 ICU mortality was observed in our "pandemic-ready" ICU. This was achieved by having adequate surge capacity to facilitate early ICU admission and IMV, lung protective ventilation, and slow weaning. Being able to maintain clinical standards and evidence-based practices without having to resort to rationing contributed to better outcomes.
|
['APACHE', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Betacoronavirus', 'COVID-19', 'Coronavirus Infections', 'Critical Care', 'Female', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pandemics', 'Pneumonia, Viral', 'Respiration, Artificial', 'Respiratory Insufficiency', 'Retrospective Studies', 'SARS-CoV-2', 'Singapore']
| 33,000,106
|
[['E05.318.308.980.438.475.365', 'E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500.250', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500.250', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500.250'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B04.820.578.500.540.150.113'], ['C01.748.214', 'C01.748.610.763.500', 'C01.925.705.500', 'C01.925.782.600.550.200.163', 'C08.381.677.807.500', 'C08.730.214', 'C08.730.610.763.500'], ['C01.925.782.600.550.200'], ['E02.760.190', 'N02.421.585.190'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.400', 'N01.224.935.698.400', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.400', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.400'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N06.850.290.200.600'], ['C01.748.610.763', 'C01.925.705', 'C08.381.677.807', 'C08.730.610.763'], ['E02.041.625', 'E02.365.647.729', 'E02.880.820'], ['C08.618.846'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['B04.820.578.500.540.150.113.968'], ['Z01.252.145.774']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Increased Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with diabetes.
|
Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (F2,6BP) is a powerful allosteric activator of 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase, which is the rate-limiting enzyme for glycolysis. Mitogenic stimulation of lymphocytes is related to an enhanced rate of glucose utilization and F2,6BP mediated activation of glycolysis. To determine the effect of hyperglycemia on intracellular glycolysis of lymphocytes, we measured intracellular F2,6BP content in peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from patients with diabetes and normal subjects. A total of 62 subjects participated in the present study. Venous blood samples were collected and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were separated by Ficoll gradients. Intracellular F2,6BP levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from normal control subjects were significantly lower than age-matched diabetic subjects. We observed a significant positive correlation between intracellular F2,6BP levels and long term glycemic control, as assessed by HbA1c. These data suggest that hyperglycemia increases intracellular F2,6BP in immune cells. These findings may help to clarify the impaired function in immune cells in patients with diabetes.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Blood Glucose', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Female', 'Fructosediphosphates', 'Glycated Hemoglobin A', 'Glycolysis', 'Humans', 'Hyperglycemia', 'Lymphocytes', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 17,510,500
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['D09.894.417.313.300', 'D09.894.417.592.300'], ['D09.400.430.937', 'D12.776.124.400.405.440', 'D12.776.395.381', 'D12.776.422.316.762.380.440'], ['G02.111.158.750', 'G03.191.750', 'G03.295.436', 'G03.493.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.952'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of high-sugar ryegrass silage and mixtures with red clover silage on ruminant digestion. 2. Lipids.
|
The experiment investigated the digestion of lipids from different forage silages in beef steers. Six Hereford x Friesian steers prepared with rumen and duodenal cannulas were given ad libitum access to a high-sugar grass silage, control grass silage, red clover silage, or mixtures of the red clover and each of the grass silages (50:50, DM basis). The experiment was conducted as an incomplete 5 x 5 Latin square, with an additional randomly repeated sequence. Total fatty acid and C18:3n-3 concentrations were greater (P < 0.05) for the high-sugar grass silage than the control grass silage or the red clover silage. Dry matter and total fatty acid intake were less (P < 0.05) for steers fed the control grass silage than for steers fed the other diets. Duodenal flow of C18:3n-3 was greater (P < 0.05), and flows of C18:0 and total C18:1 trans were less (P < 0.05), for the red clover silage compared with the 2 grass silage diets, with the mixtures intermediate. These results were supported by a reduction (P < 0.05) in biohydrogenation of C18:3n-3 for the red clover silage, with the mixtures again being intermediate. Flows of total branched- and odd-chain fatty acids were greater (P < 0.05) for the high-sugar grass silage diet, possibly as a result of greater microbial flow, because these fatty acids are associated with bacterial lipid. Duodenal flows of the chlorophyll metabolite, phytanic acid, were greater (P < 0.05) for animals fed the high-sugar grass silage treatments compared with the other treatments. These results confirm the potential for modifying the fatty acid composition of ruminant products by feeding red clover silage.
|
['Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena', 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Diet', 'Dietary Carbohydrates', 'Digestion', 'Duodenum', 'Fatty Acids', 'Lipid Metabolism', 'Lolium', 'Male', 'Silage', 'Trifolium']
| 17,032,800
|
[['G07.203.650.161'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['D09.301', 'G07.203.300.362', 'J02.500.362'], ['G07.203.650.250', 'G10.261.190'], ['A03.556.124.684.124', 'A03.556.875.249'], ['D10.251'], ['G03.458'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.500'], ['G07.203.200.750', 'G07.203.300.300.100.800', 'J02.350.750', 'J02.500.300.100.800'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.906']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Decreased renal haemodynamic response to inhibition of nitric oxide synthase in subtotally nephrectomized rats.
|
To assess the renal haemodynamic response to manipulations of the nitric oxide (NO) system, we examined subtotally nephrectomized (SNX) rats and control rats (CON) 28 days after their operation. Bolus infusions of the NO synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine (L-NA) were given intravenously at doses of 2 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg. Blood pressure was measured intra-arterially, glomerular filtration rate was measured by inulin clearance and fractional changes in renal blood flow (RBF) were determined by a Doppler flow probe. Both doses of L-NA caused a similar and dose-dependent increase in mean blood pressure in both SNX and CON rats. In contrast, the decrease in RBF and the increase in the renovascular resistance index (RVRI) was less in SNX rats as compared to CON rats (RBF = -70.1 +/- 2.2% of baseline vs -52.7 +/- 5.2%, P < 0.01; RVRI = +177 +/- 9% of baseline vs +243 +/- 24%, P < 0.05). These changes were not affected by autonomic blockade (hexamethonium), or by blockade of the angiotensin II receptor (Losartan). The exogenous NO donor sodium nitroprusside (0.5 and 1.5 micrograms.kg-1.min-1) lowered mean blood pressure to a similar degree in SNX and CON rats; in contrast, RVRI decreased less in SNX rats (86.9 +/- 9.2% of baseline) than in CON rats (68.2 +/- 4.6%, P < 0.05). We conclude that the reaction of the renal vasculature to manipulations of the NO system is altered in the SNX rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Amino Acid Oxidoreductases', 'Animals', 'Arginine', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Blood Pressure', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'Hemodynamics', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Nephrectomy', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase', 'Nitroarginine', 'Nitroprusside', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Vascular Resistance']
| 7,545,811
|
[['D08.811.682.664.500'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.125.068.050', 'D12.125.095.104', 'D12.125.142.087'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E01.370.390.400.300', 'G08.852.357'], ['G09.330.380'], ['A05.810.453'], ['E04.950.774.435'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772'], ['D12.125.068.050.587', 'D12.125.095.104.587'], ['D01.248.497.158.291.350.550', 'D01.490.100.300.550', 'D01.625.400.100.325.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['G09.330.380.921']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dialysis providers cope with dwindling payments.
|
For-profit providers of outpatient dialysis services are reporting growing profitability, opening more centers and treating more patients. That's in spite of shrinking Medicare reimbursement levels. The industry segment hasn't been as good to hospitals, which find themselves in a struggle to maintain their dialysis programs in the very same environment.
|
['Ambulatory Care Facilities', 'Dialysis', 'Hemodialysis Units, Hospital', 'Humans', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Medicare', 'Multi-Institutional Systems', 'Reimbursement Mechanisms', 'United States']
| 10,117,630
|
[['N02.278.035'], ['E05.196.353', 'G02.186'], ['N02.278.388.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['N03.219.521.346.506.564.663', 'N03.219.521.576.343.840', 'N03.706.615.696'], ['N04.452.540'], ['N03.219.521.710.305'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Globe conserving treatment of the only eye in bilateral retinoblastoma.
|
AIMS: To quantify the rates of eye preservation and patient survival, local tumour relapse and recurrence, and development of new tumours in the remaining eye of children with bilateral retinoblastoma with one eye already enucleated. Also, in the same children, to describe the types of primary and secondary treatment procedures, and to define the anatomical outcome.METHODS: This is a retrospective observational case series report. The study participants consisted of 107 patients with bilateral retinoblastoma with one eye enucleated within 1 month of baseline examination and had their remaining eye treated conservatively. The main outcome measure were: primary treatment failures, new tumours, enucleation of the only eye, death, remission, and anatomical outcomes (retinal detachment, vitreous haemorrhage, and cataract).RESULTS: The median age at diagnosis was 8.4 (range 0.2-44, SD 10.1) months with a median ophthalmic follow up of 44.3 (8.1-114, SD 10.1) months. In 22 of the 107 patients (21%) the treated eye was in Reese Ellsworth groups I or II and in the remaining 85 (79%) in groups III-V at diagnosis. The primary treatment was cryotherapy in 14% (15/107) of eyes, radioactive plaque brachytherapy in 3.7% (4/107), and chemotherapy in 10% (11/107). It was lens sparing radiotherapy in 37% (40/107), whole eye radiotherapy in 29% (31/107), combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy in 2.8% (3/107), chemothermotherapy in 0.9% (1/107), and combined focal therapy in 1.8% (2/107). The primary treatment failed to achieve local tumour control during the follow up period in 37% (40/107) of eyes. In 17 eyes failure was due to inadequate control of the presenting tumour, in 16 to development of a new tumour, and in eight eyes to a combination of both. 35 (88%) of the 40 failures were managed by secondary conservative treatment and the remaining five were treated by enucleation of the only eye. There were eight (7.4%) deaths and the 3 year survival rate was 93% (100/108). Anatomical results included vitreous haemorrhage in four cases, tractional retinal detachment also in four cases, and 24 children required cataract surgery.CONCLUSIONS: Aggressive conservative treatment achieved a good rate of globe salvage without impairing survival.
|
['Brachytherapy', 'Cataract', 'Child, Preschool', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Cryotherapy', 'Eye Enucleation', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Neoplasms, Multiple Primary', 'Retinal Neoplasms', 'Retinoblastoma', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Survival Rate', 'Vitreous Hemorrhage']
| 14,609,838
|
[['E02.815.150'], ['C11.510.245'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E02.186'], ['E02.258'], ['E04.540.429'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['C04.651'], ['C04.588.364.818', 'C11.319.475', 'C11.768.717'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.725', 'C04.557.470.670.725', 'C04.557.580.625.600.725', 'C04.588.364.818.760', 'C11.270.862', 'C11.319.475.760', 'C11.768.717.760'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['C11.290.960', 'C23.550.414.756.887']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade module, MKK3-MPK6 and MYC2, is involved in blue light-mediated seedling development in Arabidopsis.
|
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are involved in several signal transduction processes in eukaryotes. Light signal transduction pathways have been extensively studied in plants; however, the connection between MAPK and light signaling pathways is currently unknown. Here, we show that MKK3-MPK6 is activated by blue light in a MYC2-dependent manner. MPK6 physically interacts with and phosphorylates a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, MYC2, and is phosphorylated by a MAPK kinase, MKK3. Furthermore, MYC2 binds to the MPK6 promoter and regulates its expression in a feedback regulatory mechanism in blue light signaling. We present mutational and physiological studies that illustrate the function of the MKK3-MPK6-MYC2 module in Arabidopsis thaliana seedling development and provide a revised mechanistic view of photomorphogenesis.
|
['Arabidopsis', 'Arabidopsis Proteins', 'Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Light', 'MAP Kinase Kinase 3', 'MAP Kinase Signaling System', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Phosphorylation', 'Seedlings']
| 25,139,007
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.100'], ['D12.776.765.149'], ['D12.776.260.103.500', 'D12.776.260.108.092', 'D12.776.930.125.500', 'D12.776.930.127.092'], ['G05.308.375'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.565.300', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.200.300', 'D12.644.360.440.300', 'D12.776.476.440.300'], ['G02.111.820.560', 'G03.493.560', 'G04.835.560'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567', 'D12.644.360.450', 'D12.776.476.450'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['A18.550', 'B01.650.819']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Surgical aspects of living-donor kidney transplantation].
|
Laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy has shown less morbidity than the open approach, with less pain and analgesia requirements and allowing a quicker recovery and an earlier return to normal activity. Furthermore, many studies have shown equivalent results between both approaches in terms of graft functions and recipient complications. For these reasons, we can accept laparoscopic kidney living donor nephrectomy as the gold standard surgical technique in these patients. The implementation of this minimally invasive technique in most centers has led to an increase in the rate of this kind of organ procurement, due to its better acceptance by the donors. In order to decide which kidney is better to extract, it is mandatory to maintain the best kidney in the donor. In case equal conditions, it is advisable to perform left nephrectomy.
|
['Humans', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Laparoscopy', 'Living Donors', 'Nephrectomy', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 21,183,965
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['M01.898.656'], ['E04.950.774.435'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Characterisation of infant food modifications in the European Union.
|
Improvements in the understanding of human milk composition, in dietetic effects on physiological outcomes in infants, and in food technology have lead to modifications in infant formulas and other dietetic products for infants. In Europe, new ingredients may be added to infant formula and follow-on formulas if their suitability for particular use by infants from birth has been established by generally accepted scientific data. However, there is uncertainty as to the nature of the evaluation needed to evaluate whether modifications in dietetic products for infants can be regarded as suitable and safe. Moreover, there is no agreement on the nature of evidence required to justify the scientific validity of potential effects on infant health and well-being, which might provide the basis for the communication of such effects to health professionals and consumers. Therefore, a scientific workshop was held under the auspices of the Child Health Foundation, Munich, Germany, and the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition to discuss issues arising in this area among participants representing academia, infant food industry, consumer organisations, the European Commission, and food regulatory bodies of some European Union member states. This article summarises the outcomes of this workshop. The participants agreed on general concepts of evaluation of innovations and on establishing evidence for benefits, but felt that further discussion would be necessary on the principles and practicalities involved in setting up a central register of clinical trials and of a central repository of trial data.
|
['Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Consumer Product Safety', 'European Union', 'Evidence-Based Medicine', 'Female', 'Food Technology', 'Growth', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant Food', 'Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Legislation, Food', 'Male', 'Milk, Human', 'Product Surveillance, Postmarketing']
| 12,464,722
|
[['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['N06.850.210'], ['I01.615.500.475'], ['H02.249.750', 'H02.403.200.400'], ['J01.576.423.850'], ['G07.345.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['G07.203.300.525.500', 'J02.500.525.500'], ['G07.203.650.220.500'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['N03.706.615.412'], ['A12.200.467', 'A12.790.500', 'G07.203.100.700.500', 'G07.203.300.350.525.500', 'J02.200.700.500', 'J02.500.350.525.500'], ['E05.337.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cardiopulmonary effects of xylazine and yohimbine in laterally recumbent sheep.
|
The effects of yohimbine (0.125 mg/kg) on cardiopulmonary parameters in six adult, xylazine treated (0.15 mg/kg), laterally recumbent sheep were studied. Following collection of baseline data, xylazine was administered intravenously and data were collected five and fifteen minutes later. At twenty minutes post-xylazine either yohimbine (0.125 mg/kg) or saline was given and further collection of data occurred at 25, 30, 40 and 50 minutes. Xylazine administration resulted in significant (P less than 0.05) respiratory depression, as reflected by a decrease in arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2). No significant changes in haemodynamic variables were observed. Yohimbine produced a significant improvement in PaO2 at the 50 minute period and abolished the paradoxical respiratory pattern when present. The results indicated that yohimbine can be used as an antagonist to control the duration of xylazine induced respiratory depression, although the degree of reversal was less than is clinically desirable.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Pressure', 'Drug Interactions', 'Female', 'Random Allocation', 'Respiration', 'Sheep', 'Thiazines', 'Xylazine', 'Yohimbine']
| 3,791,076
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['G09.772.705'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['D02.886.665', 'D03.383.855'], ['D02.886.665.985', 'D03.383.855.985'], ['D03.132.436.681.933', 'D03.633.100.473.402.681.933', 'D03.633.100.496.500.500.681.933']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Relation between phalangeal bone mineral density and radiographic knee osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study.
|
BACKGROUND: Major reports have suggested that bone mineral density (BMD) is higher in patients with osteoarthritis (OA), while other studies do not agree. Our aim was to examine the cross-sectional association between phalangeal BMD and radiographic knee OA.METHODS: A total of 2855 participants were included in this study. Radiographic knee OA was defined as Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) Grade ? 2 in at least one leg. BMD scans of the middle phalanges of the second, third and fourth digits of the nondominant hand were performed with a compact radiographic absorptiometry system (Alara MetriScan®). A multivariable logistic analysis model was applied to test the relation between phalangeal BMD with radiographic knee OA, the presence of knee osteophytes (OSTs), and knee joint space narrowing (JSN) after adjusting for a number of potential confounding factors.RESULTS: The multivariable-adjusted odds ratios with 95 % confidence intervals [ORs (95 % CI)] of radiographic knee OA across phalangeal BMDs were 1.08 (95 % CI 0.89-1.32) and 0.62 (95 % CI 0.45-0.86), respectively. The P for trend was 0.09. For the female population, the multivariable-adjusted ORs (95 % CI) of radiographic knee OA across phalangeal BMD were 1.01 (95 % CI 0.73-1.37) and 0.58 (95 % CI 0.38 - 0.87), respectively. The P for trend was 0.02. This positive finding, however, did not exist in the male subgroup. There was a significantly lower prevalence of OST in the osteoporosis (OP) group than in the normal group (OR = 0.59, 95 % CI 0.40-0.88; P for trend was 0.01). In contrast, the prevalence of JSN was significantly higher in the osteopenia group (OR = 1.22, 95 % CI 1.00-1.48) and the OP group (OR = 1.35, 95 % CI 1.00-1.84) than in the normal group. The P for trend was 0.02.CONCLUSIONS: This study observed lower odds for the presence of radiographic knee OA and OST in OP patients than in normal subjects. The prevalence of JSN was higher in the osteopenia and OP groups than in normal subjects.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Bone Density', 'Cohort Studies', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Finger Phalanges', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteoarthritis, Knee', 'Radiography']
| 26,867,582
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G11.427.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['A02.835.232.087.319.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.550.114.606.500', 'C05.799.613.500'], ['E01.370.350.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Participation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate and beta-adrenergic receptors in the facilitatory effect of noradrenaline on the response of cultured cerebellar neurons to glutamate.
|
For the purpose of examining possible involvement of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) system and adrenergic receptors in the modulatory effect of noradrenaline (NA) on the glutamate-induced depolarizing response, the effects of dibutyryl cAMP (DBcAMP), forskolin, theophylline, clonidine, isoproterenol and propranolol were intracellularly investigated in the cerebellar neurons cultured from chick embryos. Not only NA-induced hyperpolarization and increase in input resistance but also the facilitatory effect of NA on the glutamate response were mimicked by DBcAMP and isoproterenol. This facilitatory effect of DBcAMP was enhanced by theophylline or forskolin, while that of isoproterenol was antagonized by propranolol. Clonidine suppressed glutamate-induced depolarization. These results that the enhancing action of NA on the responsiveness of cultured cerebellar neurons to excitatory amino acids is mediated by beta-adrenergic receptors and the intracellular cAMP system.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Animals', 'Bucladesine', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cerebellum', 'Chick Embryo', 'Colforsin', 'Cyclic AMP', 'Glutamates', 'Glutamic Acid', 'Isoproterenol', 'Norepinephrine', 'Receptors, Adrenergic, beta', 'Second Messenger Systems', 'Theophylline']
| 2,569,354
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.395.250', 'D13.695.462.200.250', 'D13.695.667.138.395.250', 'D13.695.827.068.395.250'], ['A11.251'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.428.200'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['D02.455.849.291.300'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.395', 'D13.695.462.200', 'D13.695.667.138.395', 'D13.695.827.068.395'], ['D12.125.067.625', 'D12.125.119.409'], ['D12.125.067.625.349', 'D12.125.119.409.349', 'D12.125.427.300'], ['D02.033.100.291.439', 'D02.092.063.291.439', 'D02.092.311.649', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.649'], ['D02.033.100.291.502', 'D02.092.063.480', 'D02.092.211.215.746', 'D02.092.311.830', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.830'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.300.340', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.300.340', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.300.340'], ['G02.111.820.800', 'G04.835.800'], ['D03.132.960.751', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.751']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[The phenomenology of health and the consequences for the physician].
|
An investigation on the basis of the phenomenology of religions brought to mind that the origin of occidental meaning of existence is contained in the word "life is: to overcome death". Christ as the originator lived it. Thus health means to overcome being ill. The structure of the phenomenon of being well "in illo tempore" is analysed. The outstanding feature of this phenomenon is the ability for "transcendation". In the experience of a physician the ability to transcend is seen as unfolding of the individual's predispositional possibilities, in the medium of communication. Going through examples of endogenous psychoses, psychosomatic illnesses, and physical illness it is pointed out, that being ill cannot be early differentiated in either being physically or mentally ill. Their intangledness becomes apparent in Nietzsche's, Goethe's and Novalis' experiences. So normality and health are not identical; and the aim of therapy is not solely defence against being ill. Being ill may even become a cause for the development of a more highly organized health. So the question of what is being health cannot be answered by a clear definition but in making visible its complexity.
|
['Communication', 'Humans', 'Mental Disorders', 'Physician-Patient Relations', 'Psychophysiologic Disorders', 'Sick Role']
| 7,415,374
|
[['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03'], ['F01.829.401.650.675', 'N05.300.660.625'], ['C23.888.592.700'], ['F01.829.316.616.751']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Parent comprehension of polio vaccine information pamphlets.
|
BACKGROUND: Medical information pamphlets often are written using language that requires a reading level higher than parents of many pediatric patients have achieved. Anecdotal reports suggest that many parents may not readily understand the federally mandated Public Health Service vaccine information pamphlets prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 1991. The level at which the pamphlets need to be written for low-reading-level parents is undetermined, as is whether parents reading at higher levels will accept low-reading-level materials.METHODS: To determine whether a simple pamphlet prepared at a low reading level using qualitative and adult education techniques would be preferable to the available CDC polio vaccine information pamphlet, we conducted an integrated qualitative-quantitative study. We compared the parent reading time and comprehension of a simplified pamphlet (Louisiana State University, LSU) comprising 4 pages, 322 words, 7 instructional graphics, and a text requiring a 6th grade reading ability with the equivalent 1991 CDC vaccine information pamphlet comprising 16 pages, 18,177 words, no graphics, and a text requiring a 10th grade reading level. We measured the reading ability of 522 parents of pediatric patients from northwest Louisiana seen at public clinics (81%) and in a private office (19%). Of the entire group, 39% were white, 60% African-American, and 1% Hispanic; the mean age was 29 years; the mean highest grade completed was 12th grade 3 months; and the reading level was less than 9th grade in 47% of parents and less than 7th grade in 20%. After parents were given one of the pamphlets to read, their reading time, comprehension, and attitude toward the pamphlet were measured.RESULTS: Mean comprehension was 15% lower for CDC than for LSU (56% vs 72% correct; P < .001) and reading time was three times longer for CDC than for LSU (13 minutes 47 seconds vs 4 minutes 20 seconds; P < .0001). These trends were significant for parents reading at all but the lowest levels. Mean comprehension and reading time did not differ among parents reading at the third grade level or less. However, mean comprehension was greater and reading time lower for LSU among parents at all reading abilities greater than the third grade. Parents in the private practice setting took the longest time to read the CDC (20 minutes 59 seconds vs 5 minutes 46 seconds, LSU), yet their comprehension on the LSU was significantly higher than on the CDC (94% vs 71%; P < .0001). Two focus groups of high-income parents were unanimous in preferring the LSU.CONCLUSIONS: A short, simply written pamphlet with instructional graphics was preferred by high- and low-income parents seen in private and public clinics. The sixth grade reading level appears to be too high for many parents in public clinics; new materials aimed at third to fourth grade levels may be required. The new 1994 CDC immunization materials, written at the eighth grade level, may still be inappropriately high. The American medical community should adopt available techniques for the development of more effective patient-parent education materials.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.', 'Educational Measurement', 'Educational Status', 'Focus Groups', 'Humans', 'Immunization Schedule', 'Middle Aged', 'Pamphlets', 'Parents', 'Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated', 'Reading', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Teaching Materials', 'Time Factors', 'United States']
| 8,657,518
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['I01.409.418.750.600.650.200', 'N03.540.348.500.500.600.650.225'], ['I02.399'], ['N01.824.196'], ['E05.318.308.112', 'N05.715.360.300.269', 'N06.850.520.308.112'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.470', 'E05.478.550.545'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['L01.178.682.707'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['D20.215.894.830.614', 'D20.215.894.899.623.500'], ['L01.559.423.557'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['L01.178.820'], ['G01.910.857'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Neurosecretory granules in small cell invasive carcinoma of the urinary bladder.
|
A 69-year-old man showed symptoms of urinary bladder irritability and hematuria. Cystoscopy and radiographic studies revealed a tumor within a bladder diverticulum. The tumor shared histologic and ultrastructural features with oat cell carcinoma of the lung, including the presence of small numbers of neurosecretory type granules. In spite of conservative surgical treatment, there has been no evidence of recurrent or metastatic tumor over 14 months of follow-up. Hypophosphatemia was present preoperatively, but resolved spontaneously after tumor resection. In regard to histogenesis, a metaplastic origin is favored. This appears to be the first reported case of a neoplasm of Kultschitzky-type cells arising in the urinary bladder.
|
['Aged', 'Carcinoma, Small Cell', 'Cytoplasmic Granules', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Neurosecretion', 'Phosphates', 'Urinary Bladder Neoplasms']
| 6,261,916
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.380'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.500', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.190'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G11.561.653'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374', 'D01.248.497.158.730', 'D01.695.625.675.650'], ['C04.588.945.947.960', 'C12.758.820.968', 'C12.777.829.813', 'C13.351.937.820.945', 'C13.351.968.829.707']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Functional characterization of podocan, a member of a new class in the small leucine-rich repeat protein family.
|
An important component of the extracellular matrix is the group of non-collagenous proteins belonging to the small leucine-rich repeat (SLR) protein family. A new SLR protein, podocan, with structural characteristics different from the known classes of the SLR protein family has been identified recently from the kidney. In this study, we examined the functional characteristics of this SLR protein expressed in cultured cells. Podocan was clearly observed intracellularly and was also detectable in the supernatant. Treatment of the expressed protein with various glycoenzymes suggested that podocan is a glycoprotein containing N-linked oligosaccharides but not a classical proteoglycan. Moreover, podocan was found to bind type 1 collagen. Cells transfected with podocan showed reductions in cell growth and migration, concomitant with increased p21 expression. Podocan mRNA was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction not only in the kidney, but also in other tissues including the heart and vascular smooth muscle cells, suggesting that podocan may have a potential role in growth regulation in cardiovascular tissues.
|
['Animals', 'CHO Cells', 'COS Cells', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Movement', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chlorocebus aethiops', 'Collagen Type I', 'Cricetinae', 'Cricetulus', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Glycoproteins', 'Humans', 'Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular', 'Proteins', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Repetitive Sequences, Amino Acid', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 15,063,725
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210.200', 'A11.436.155'], ['A11.251.210.172.500', 'A11.329.228.220'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['A11.251'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.126.110'], ['D05.750.078.280.300.100', 'D12.776.860.300.250.300.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.250'], ['E05.393.332'], ['D09.400.430', 'D12.776.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276', 'D12.776.467', 'D23.529'], ['A02.633.570.491', 'A07.015.733.500', 'A10.690.467.491'], ['D12.776'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['G02.111.570.060.720', 'G02.111.570.820.709.275.875'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
"Will they just pack up and leave?" - attitudes and intended behaviour of hospital health care workers during an influenza pandemic.
|
BACKGROUND: There is a general consensus that another influenza pandemic is inevitable. Although health care workers (HCWs) are essential to the health system response, there are few studies exploring HCW attitudes to pandemic influenza. The aim of this study was to explore HCWs knowledge, attitudes and intended behaviour towards pandemic influenza.METHODS: Cross-sectional investigation of a convenience sample of clinical and non-clinical HCWs from two tertiary-referral teaching hospitals in Sydney, Australia was conducted between June 4 and October 19, 2007. The self-administered questionnaire was distributed to hospital personal from 40 different wards and departments. The main outcome measures were intentions regarding work attendance and quarantine, antiviral use and perceived preparation.RESULTS: Respondents were categorized into four main groups by occupation: Nursing (47.5%), Medical (26.0%), Allied (15.3%) and Ancillary (11.2%). Our study found that most HCWs perceived pandemic influenza to be very serious (80.9%, n = 873) but less than half were able to correctly define it (43.9%, n = 473). Only 24.8% of respondents believed their department to be prepared for a pandemic, but nonetheless most were willing to work during a pandemic if a patient or colleague had influenza. The main determinants of variation in our study were occupational factors, demographics and health beliefs. Non-clinical staff were significantly most likely to be unsure of their intentions (OR 1.43, p < 0.001). Only 42.5% (n = 459) of respondents considered that neuraminidase inhibitor antiviral medications (oseltamivir/zanamivir) would protect them against pandemic influenza, whereas 77.5% (n = 836) believed that vaccination would be of benefit.CONCLUSION: We identified two issues that could undermine the best of pandemic plans - the first, a low level of confidence in antivirals as an effective measure; secondly, that non-clinical workers are an overlooked group whose lack of knowledge and awareness could undermine pandemic plans. Other issues included a high level of confidence in dietary measures to protect against influenza, and a belief among ancillary workers that antibiotics would be protective. All health care worker strategies should include non clinical and ancillary staff to ensure adequate business continuity for hospitals. HCW education, psychosocial support and staff communication could improve knowledge of appropriate pandemic interventions and confidence in antivirals.
|
['Absenteeism', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Australia', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Disease Outbreaks', 'Family Relations', 'Fear', 'Female', 'Guideline Adherence', 'Health Behavior', 'Hospitals, Teaching', 'Humans', 'Influenza, Human', 'Male', 'Medical Staff, Hospital', 'Middle Aged', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Young Adult']
| 19,216,792
|
[['F02.784.692.107'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['Z01.639.100', 'Z01.678.100.373'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['N06.850.290'], ['F01.829.263.370', 'I01.880.853.150.439'], ['F01.470.361'], ['N04.761.337', 'N05.715.360.395'], ['F01.145.488'], ['N02.278.020.300', 'N02.278.421.639'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.748.310', 'C01.925.782.620.365', 'C08.730.310'], ['M01.526.485.630.490', 'M01.526.485.740.422', 'N02.360.630.490', 'N02.360.740.422'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Moving time: the influence of action on duration perception.
|
Perceiving the sensory consequences of action accurately is essential for appropriate interaction with our physical and social environments. Prediction mechanisms are considered necessary for fine-tuned sensory control of action, yet paradoxically may distort perception. Here, we examine this paradox by addressing how movement influences the perceived duration of sensory outcomes congruent with action. Experiment 1 required participants to make judgments about the duration of vibrations applied to a moving or stationary finger. In Experiments 2 and 3, participants judged observed finger movements that were congruent or incongruent with their own actions. In all experiments, target events were perceived to be longer when congruent with movement. Interestingly, this temporal dilation did not differ as a function of stimulus perspective (1st or 3rd person) or spatial location. We propose that this bias may reflect the operation of an adaptive mechanism for sensorimotor selection and control that preactivates anticipated outcomes of action. The bias itself may have surprising implications for both action control and perception of others: we may be in contact with grasped objects for less time than we realize, and others' reactions to us may be briefer than we believe.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Judgment', 'Male', 'Movement', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Reaction Time', 'Time Perception', 'Vibration']
| 25,089,534
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.785.626'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['F02.463.593.857'], ['G01.374.930']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Detection of BRAF V600E mutation in fine-needle aspiration fluid of papillary thyroid carcinoma by droplet digital PCR.
|
OBJECTIVES: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) accounts for 85% of thyroid carcinoma, which is the most common endocrine tumor. For the diagnosis of PTC, ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) with pathological evaluation is the standard test and BRAF V600E mutation is the most common molecular marker associated with the occurrence, progression and poor clinicopathological characteristics of PTC. However, because of the small amount of the tumor cells obtained by FNA for pathological evaluation or BRAF V600E mutation detection, more sensitive and accurate methods are required. Our study aimed to investigate the performance of droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) in detecting BRAF V600E mutation in FNA samples from PTC patients.METHODS: One hundred and sixty suspected thyroid cancer patients were enrolled, including 146 PTC patients, 2 follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and 12 benign patients, identified by FNA biopsy according to the NCCN clinical practice guidelines of Thyroid Carcinoma. ddPCR and amplification-refractory mutation system (ARMS, AmoyDx) were used to detect BRAFV600E mutation and the results were compared.RESULTS: ddPCR had high reproducibility (CV0.1% = 22.82% and CV10% = 4.85%) and the detection sensitivity can reach 1–2 copies/ìl (0.01%). Among the 160 patients, 128 BRAF V600E mutations were detected, including 4 ARMS negative patients and 3 benign cases [corrected].CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrated that ddPCR could be used in detecting BRAF V600E mutation from FNA fluid samples with higher sensitivity and accuracy than ARMS.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Biopsy, Fine-Needle', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Early Detection of Cancer', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mutation', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf', 'Thyroid Cancer, Papillary']
| 30,682,328
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.119.500', 'E01.370.225.998.054.119.500', 'E01.370.388.100.100.500', 'E04.074.119.500', 'E04.665.100.500', 'E05.200.500.384.100.119.500', 'E05.200.998.054.119.500', 'E05.242.384.100.119.500'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['E01.390.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.590'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.559.842.374', 'D12.644.360.400.842.374', 'D12.776.476.400.842.437', 'D12.776.624.664.700.204.200'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.085.612', 'C04.588.322.894.400', 'C04.588.443.915.400', 'C19.344.894.400', 'C19.874.788.400']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Potent antifibrillatory effects of intrapericardial nitroglycerin in the ischemic porcine heart.
|
OBJECTIVES: We investigated the antiarrhythmic effects of intrapericardial nitroglycerin (NTG) during acute myocardial ischemia in the porcine heart.BACKGROUND: Nitroglycerin is a nitric oxide donor that exerts potent effects on the cardiovascular system. Intrapericardial administration allows investigation of pharmacologic actions on cardiac tissue in an in vivo system while minimizing the confounding influences of systemic effects.METHODS: In 29 closed-chest pigs, myocardial ischemia was induced by intraluminal balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Arrhythmia incidence was monitored during 5-min balloon inflations performed without drug and at 15, 45, 75, and 105 min after NTG (4,000 microg bolus) administered by percutaneous transatrial access into the pericardial space. Electrocardiograms were monitored for ischemia-induced T-wave alternans (TWA), a marker of electrical instability. The antiadrenergic potential of NTG was investigated by examining the drug's suppression of dobutamine-induced increase in myocardial contractility.RESULTS: Control coronary artery occlusion provoked ventricular fibrillation (VF) in all animals. Intrapericardial NTG suppressed VF at 45 min in all six pigs (p < 0.05) and reduced TWA across a parallel time course (from 459.1 +/- 144.4 microV before drug to 42.22 +/- 13.96 microV at 45 min, p = 0.047). The antifibrillatory effect occurred as early as 15 min and persisted for up to 75 min. Augmentation of maximum of the first time derivative of left ventricular pressure by dobutamine was blunted by intrapericardial NTG (from 3,999 +/- 196 mm Hg/s before NTG to 3,543 +/- 220 mm Hg/s at 15 min, p = 0.012).CONCLUSIONS: Intrapericardial NTG exerts a robust antifibrillatory action. Potential mechanisms include reduction in electrical instability and blunting of adrenergic effects.
|
['Adrenergic beta-Antagonists', 'Animals', 'Anti-Arrhythmia Agents', 'Blood Pressure', 'Dobutamine', 'Electrocardiography', 'Injections', 'Myocardial Contraction', 'Myocardial Ischemia', 'Nitric Oxide Donors', 'Nitroglycerin', 'Pericardium', 'Swine', 'Ventricular Fibrillation']
| 12,767,672
|
[['D27.505.519.625.050.200.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.200.200'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.411.097'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['D02.092.311.220', 'D02.092.471.683.410', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.220'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['E02.319.267.530'], ['G09.330.580', 'G11.427.494.570'], ['C14.280.647', 'C14.907.585'], ['D27.505.519.656', 'D27.505.954.411.590'], ['D02.640.636'], ['A07.541.795', 'A10.615.789.470'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['C14.280.067.922', 'C23.550.073.922']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Classification of drug molecules considering their IC50 values using mixed-integer linear programming based hyper-boxes method.
|
BACKGROUND: A priori analysis of the activity of drugs on the target protein by computational approaches can be useful in narrowing down drug candidates for further experimental tests. Currently, there are a large number of computational methods that predict the activity of drugs on proteins. In this study, we approach the activity prediction problem as a classification problem and, we aim to improve the classification accuracy by introducing an algorithm that combines partial least squares regression with mixed-integer programming based hyper-boxes classification method, where drug molecules are classified as low active or high active regarding their binding activity (IC50 values) on target proteins. We also aim to determine the most significant molecular descriptors for the drug molecules.RESULTS: We first apply our approach by analyzing the activities of widely known inhibitor datasets including Acetylcholinesterase (ACHE), Benzodiazepine Receptor (BZR), Dihydrofolate Reductase (DHFR), Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) with known IC50 values. The results at this stage proved that our approach consistently gives better classification accuracies compared to 63 other reported classification methods such as SVM, Na?ve Bayes, where we were able to predict the experimentally determined IC50 values with a worst case accuracy of 96%. To further test applicability of this approach we first created dataset for Cytochrome P450 C17 inhibitors and then predicted their activities with 100% accuracy.CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that this approach can be utilized to predict the inhibitory effects of inhibitors based on their molecular descriptors. This approach will not only enhance drug discovery process, but also save time and resources committed.
|
['Artificial Intelligence', 'Cholinesterase Inhibitors', 'Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors', 'Databases, Factual', 'Drug Discovery', 'GABA-A Receptor Antagonists', 'Inhibitory Concentration 50', 'Least-Squares Analysis', 'Pharmaceutical Preparations', 'Programming, Linear', 'Protein Binding', 'Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase']
| 18,834,515
|
[['G17.035.250', 'L01.224.050.375'], ['D27.505.519.389.275', 'D27.505.519.625.120.300', 'D27.505.696.577.120.300'], ['D27.505.519.389.310.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500.500.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030.500.500', 'D27.505.954.329.030.500.500'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['E05.295', 'H01.158.703.007.675', 'H01.181.466.675'], ['D27.505.519.625.240.300.500', 'D27.505.696.577.240.300.500'], ['E05.940.350', 'G07.690.936.563'], ['E05.318.740.750.400', 'N05.715.360.750.695.440', 'N06.850.520.830.750.400'], ['D26'], ['L01.906.394.748'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.830.500', 'G07.690.773.997.500'], ['D08.811.682.662.825']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Myeloma, Hodgkin disease, and lymphoid leukemia after renal transplantation: characteristics, risk factors and prognosis.
|
BACKGROUND: Hodgkin disease and myeloma were recently included in the classification of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD). However, because their incidence is low, not much is known about their particular features.METHODS: The incidence, characteristics, risk, and prognostic factors of myeloma, Hodgkin disease, and lymphoid leukemia using the United States Renal Data System from 1991 to 2000 among 66,159 Medicare patients were analyzed.RESULTS: In all, 1,169 recipients developed a lymphoid disease: 823 (1.2%) non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL), 160 (0.24%) myelomas, 60 (0.1%) Hodgkin lymphomas, and 126 (0.2%) lymphoid leukemias. Older age was associated with an increased risk of myeloma and leukemia. The incidence of hepatitis C virus infection was higher in recipients with myeloma (6.9 vs. 3.9%, P=0.05). Induction therapy was associated with a greater risk of myeloma and leukemia, but not Hodgkin disease. Azathioprine was associated with a lower risk of myeloma, and tacrolimus with a lower risk of Hodgkin disease. According to the type of malignancy, ten-year survival rates were significantly different: 42, 26, 55 and 39% respectively for NHL, myeloma, Hodgkin disease, and leukemia.CONCLUSION: These results support specific features and risk factors related to the occurrence of each type of lymphoid-proliferation and suggest for the first time a possible association between hepatitis C virus and myeloma in kidney transplant recipients.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Hodgkin Disease', 'Humans', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Leukemia, Lymphoid', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multiple Myeloma', 'Prognosis', 'Risk Factors', 'Survival Rate']
| 16,570,013
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.386.355', 'C15.604.515.569.355', 'C20.683.515.761.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['C04.557.337.428', 'C15.604.515.560', 'C20.683.515.528'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.557.595.500', 'C14.907.454.460', 'C15.378.147.780.650', 'C15.378.463.515.460', 'C20.683.515.845', 'C20.683.780.650'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Annotation concept synthesis and enrichment analysis: a logic-based approach to the interpretation of high-throughput experiments.
|
MOTIVATION: Annotation Enrichment Analysis (AEA) is a widely used analytical approach to process data generated by high-throughput genomic and proteomic experiments such as gene expression microarrays. The analysis uncovers and summarizes discriminating background information (e.g. GO annotations) for sets of genes identified by experiments (e.g. a set of differentially expressed genes, a cluster). The discovered information is utilized by human experts to find biological interpretations of the experiments. However, AEA isolates and tests for overrepresentation only individual annotation terms or groups of similar terms and is limited in its ability to uncover complex phenomena involving relationship between multiple annotation terms from various knowledge bases. Also, AEA assumes that annotations describe the whole object of interest, which makes it difficult to apply it to sets of compound objects (e.g. sets of protein-protein interactions) and to sets of objects having an internal structure (e.g. protein complexes).RESULTS: We propose a novel logic-based Annotation Concept Synthesis and Enrichment Analysis (ACSEA) approach. ACSEA fuses inductive logic reasoning with statistical inference to uncover more complex phenomena captured by the experiments. We evaluate our approach on large-scale datasets from several microarray experiments and on a clustered genome-wide genetic interaction network using different biological knowledge bases. The discovered interpretations have lower P-values than the interpretations found by AEA, are highly integrative in nature, and include analysis of quantitative and structured information present in the knowledge bases. The results suggest that ACSEA can boost effectiveness of the processing of high-throughput experiments.CONTACT: mjiline@site.uottawa.ca.
|
['Algorithms', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Genomics', 'High-Throughput Screening Assays', 'Molecular Sequence Annotation', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'Proteomics']
| 21,743,060
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E05.393.332'], ['H01.158.273.180.350', 'H01.158.273.343.350'], ['E05.916.680'], ['E05.393.760.479', 'L01.453.245.667.580'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['H01.158.201.843', 'H01.158.273.180.350.700', 'H01.158.273.343.350.700', 'H01.181.122.738']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Air removal capacity of two different minimal invasive ECC systems: an in vitro comparison.
|
Minimally invasive extracorporeal circulation systems are developed to decrease the deleterious effects of cardiopulmonary bypass. For instance, prime volume and foreign surface area are decreased in these systems. However, because of the lack of a venous reservoir in minimized systems, air handling properties of these minimally invasive extracorporeal circulation systems may be decreased as compared to conventional cardiopulmonary bypass systems. The aim of this in vitro study is to compare the air handling properties of two complete minimized cardiopulmonary bypass systems of two manufacturers, of which one system is provided with the air purge control. In an in vitro study, two minimally invasive extracorporeal circulation systems, Inspire Min.I manufactured by Sorin Group Italia, Mirandola, Italy (LivaNova, London, United Kingdom) and minimized extracorporeal circulation manufactured by Maquet, Rastatt, Germany (Getinge, Germany), were challenged with two types of air challenges; a bolus air challenge and a gaseous microemboli challenge. The air removal characteristics of the venous bubble traps and of the complete minimally invasive extracorporeal circulation systems were assessed by measuring the gaseous microemboli volume and number downstream of the venous bubble traps in the arterial line with a bubble counter. No significant differences were observed in air reduction between the venous bubble traps of Getinge (venous bubble traps) and LivaNova (Inspire venous bubble traps 8 in conjunction with the air purge control). Similarly, no significant differences were observed in volume and number of gaseous microemboli in the arterial line of both complete minimally invasive extracorporeal circulation systems. However, the gaseous microemboli load of the Inspire Min.I system was marginally lower after both the bolus air and the gaseous microemboli challenges. Both minimally invasive extracorporeal circulation systems assessed in this study, the LivaNova Inspire Min.I and the Getinge minimized extracorporeal circulation, showed comparable air removal properties, after both bolus and gaseous microemboli air challenges. Besides, air purge control automatic air removal system provided with the LivaNova Inspire Min.I. system may enhance patient's safety with the use of a minimally invasive extracorporeal circulation system. We consider both systems equally safe for clinical use.
|
['Extracorporeal Circulation', 'Humans', 'In Vitro Techniques']
| 30,915,891
|
[['E04.292'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sex of physician: patients' preferences and stereotypes.
|
Patients' preferences for physicians of a particular sex tend to skew sex distributions of clinical populations in training and practice settings. A study was developed to explore these preferences and potential reasons for them. Of 185 adult patients surveyed at four family practice residency clinics, 45% expressed a preference for sex of physician; 43% of women and 12% of men preferred a female physician, while 31% of men and 9% of women preferred a male physician. Patients who stated no overall preference often expressed one in specific clinical situations, eg, anal or genital examinations. Patients who preferred female physicians reported humane behaviors as more characteristic of female physicians, and those who preferred male physicians reported humane behaviors as more characteristic of men; patients who had no overall sex preference did not sex stereotype physicians on these behaviors (F = 59.34, P less than .01). Patients who preferred male physicians reported technical competence behaviors as more characteristic of male physicians; others did not sex stereotype physicians on these behaviors (F = 15.4, P less than .01). Patients rated humaneness and comprehensiveness as being of high priority, but no relationship was found between priorities for aspects of care and preferences for sex of physician. Areas for future investigation include assessing preferences in other populations and exploring sex differences in physician behavior during office encounters and correlating these differences with patient satisfaction.
|
['Adult', 'Ambulatory Care Facilities', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Clinical Competence', 'Consumer Behavior', 'Family Practice', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Internship and Residency', 'Male', 'Patients', 'Physicians, Family', 'Physicians, Women', 'Sex Factors', 'Stereotyping', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Wisconsin']
| 2,324,696
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N02.278.035'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['F01.145.236'], ['H02.403.340.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I02.358.337.350.500', 'I02.358.399.350.750'], ['M01.643'], ['M01.526.485.810.770', 'N02.360.810.770'], ['M01.526.485.810.820', 'M01.975.790', 'N02.360.810.820'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['F01.100.920', 'F01.145.813.854'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.900', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Intraocular pressure measured with Goldmann, noncontact, Schi?tz, and dynamic contour tonometry after DSEK.
|
PURPOSE: To compare intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements with various tonometers after Descemet stripping with endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK) and to measure the change in IOP during the follow-up period.METHODS: A total of 28 eyes of 28 patients having undergone DSEK for bullous keratopathy by a single surgeon from June 2008 to November 2011 were enrolled in this study. IOP values, which were measured with Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT), noncontact tonometry (NCT), Schi?tz indentation tonometry (SIT), and dynamic contour tonometry, and central corneal thickness values were reviewed and analyzed up to 3 years after DSEK (range, 1 months-3 years).RESULTS: Different tonometers measured the IOP after DSEK differently. NCT showed the lowest IOP values, although GAT and NCT showed the smallest intertonometry difference. SIT showed extreme variation in IOP measurements. The dynamic contour tonometry values were higher than those of NCT or GAT. Central corneal thickness did not correlate with any of the IOP measurements. Only 2 episodes of IOP elevation greater than 30 mm Hg were detected.CONCLUSIONS: IOP measured with NCT or GAT may be lower than the real IOP after DSEK. SIT is not a reliable tonometry measurement after DSEK. Additional IOP measurements using different methods and consideration of other clinical signs may be the best method for ocular evaluation after DSEK.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Corneal Diseases', 'Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intraocular Pressure', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tonometry, Ocular']
| 23,538,628
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C11.204'], ['E02.095.147.725.262', 'E04.540.825.374.112', 'E04.936.580.262'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G14.440'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.370.380.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Genetic and physiological studies on the site of action of distamycin A.
|
Two new genetic loci of Bacillus subtilis are identified by mutations that confer resistance to distamycin A and to other antibacterial agents. The chromosomal region where they map probably contains a cluster of genes whose products are related to membrane structure and function. Some of the biological effects of distamycin A are still in evidence in the resistant mutants indicating that the drug possibly acts at multiple sites. Most biological effects of the drug (including the phenotypic correction of a morphopoietic mutation) are likely to be due to the interaction of distamycin A with membrane (or surface) structures.
|
['Bacillus subtilis', 'Bacteriophages', 'Binding Sites', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Culture Media', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Distamycins', 'Drug Resistance, Microbial', 'Genotype', 'Pyrroles', 'Recombination, Genetic', 'Selection, Genetic', 'Time Factors', 'Transduction, Genetic', 'Transformation, Genetic']
| 810,085
|
[['B03.300.390.400.158.218.725', 'B03.353.500.100.218.725', 'B03.510.100.100.218.725', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.725', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.725'], ['B04.123'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['E05.393.183'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['D12.644.140'], ['G06.225', 'G07.690.773.984.269'], ['G05.380'], ['D03.383.129.578'], ['G05.728'], ['G05.783'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E05.393.350.800', 'G05.728.850'], ['G05.728.865']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Increased MMP-21 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is associated with progression and prognosis.
|
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a highly aggressive malignancy, requiring effective biomarkers for prognosis and therapeutic responsiveness. In this retrospective study of banked pathology material, we investigated the protein expression of MMP-21 in ESCC and its association with clinical significance. MMP-21 protein expression was investigated in 311 cases of ESCC by immunohistochemistry assay. Statistical analysis was utilized to evaluate the association of MMP-21 expression with clinicopathological characteristics and overall survival of patients with ESCC. Results showed that MMP-21 expression was significantly increased in ESCC (P < 0.001). It was also found that MMP-21 expression in ESCC was associated with tumor invasion (P < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001), distant metastasis (P < 0.001) and TNM stage (P < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed MMP-21 expression was associated with overall survival of patients with ESCC for patients with tumors of positive MMP-21 staining tend to have worse overall survival (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis proved that MMP-21 was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival for patients with ESCC (P < 0.001). These results suggested the potential role of MMP-21 in tumor progression and prognosis predication of human ESCC. It might also be a novel molecular target for therapeutic intervention.
|
['Aged', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Esophageal Neoplasms', 'Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Male', 'Matrix Metalloproteinases, Secreted', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 25,015,395
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.101.140'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['C04.588.274.476.205', 'C04.588.443.353', 'C06.301.371.205', 'C06.405.117.430', 'C06.405.249.205'], ['C04.557.470.200.400.330', 'C04.557.470.700.400.565', 'C04.588.274.476.205.500', 'C04.588.443.353.500', 'C06.301.371.205.500', 'C06.405.117.430.500', 'C06.405.249.205.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700', 'D12.644.276.848', 'D12.776.467.836'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Bibliographic analysis of scientific research on selected topics in public health nutrition in West Africa: Review of articles published from 1998 to 2008.
|
Few countries in West Africa have the capacity for carrying out advanced training in nutrition and public health. To provide additional information on current regional applied nutrition research capacity and productivity, we analysed peer-reviewed articles on key public health nutrition topics that were published from 1998 to 2008. Using MEDLINE/PubMed, the following terms were searched: 'breast feeding', 'infant nutrition physiology' (comprising complementary feeding and weaning), 'protein energy malnutrition', 'nutrition and infection', 'vitamin A', 'iodine', 'zinc' and 'overweight', each linked with the term 'Western Africa'. In total, 412 unique articles (37±6 articles per year) were identified. Most research focused on infant and young child feeding practices, selected micronutrient deficiencies, and the emerging problem of overweight and obesity. The primary author of nearly half (46%) the publications was located in an institution outside of West Africa. Most articles were published in English (90%), and nearly half of all articles (41%) were cross-sectional studies. Our findings indicate that few peer-reviewed research studies are being published on key public health topics in the West African region, considering the magnitude of nutrition problems in this region. New approaches are needed to encourage and support research capacity and output in West Africa.
|
['Africa, Western', 'Bibliometrics', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Malnutrition', 'Nutrition Assessment', 'Nutritional Sciences', 'Peer Review, Research', 'Public Health', 'Research']
| 21,113,830
|
[['Z01.058.290.190'], ['L01.178.682.099.325', 'L01.453.183.291'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.654.521'], ['E05.318.308.585', 'N05.715.360.300.560', 'N06.850.505.557', 'N06.850.520.308.585'], ['H02.533'], ['F01.829.316.549.700', 'H01.770.644.487', 'I01.880.604.640.700', 'L01.143.865.750', 'L01.737.640', 'N03.706.700.700'], ['H02.403.720', 'N01.400.550', 'N06.850'], ['H01.770.644']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Using active shape modeling based on MRI to study morphologic and pitch-related functional changes affecting vocal structures and the airway.
|
OBJECTIVE: The shape of the vocal tract and associated structures (eg, tongue and velum) is complicated and varies according to development and function. This variability challenges interpretation of voice experiments. Quantifying differences between shapes and understanding how vocal structures move in relation to each other is difficult using traditional linear and angle measurements. With statistical shape models, shape can be characterized in terms of independent modes of variation. Here, we build an active shape model (ASM) to assess morphologic and pitch-related functional changes affecting vocal structures and the airway.METHOD: Using a cross-sectional study design, we obtained six midsagittal magnetic resonance images from 10 healthy adults (five men and five women) at rest, while breathing out, and while listening to, and humming low and high notes. Eighty landmark points were chosen to define the shape of interest and an ASM was built using these (60) images. Principal component analysis was used to identify independent modes of variation, and statistical analysis was performed using one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance.RESULTS: Twenty modes of variation were identified with modes 1 and 2 accounting for half the total variance. Modes 1 and 9 were significantly associated with humming low and high notes (P < 0.001) and showed coordinated changes affecting the cervical spine, vocal structures, and airway. Mode 2 highlighted wide structural variations between subjects.CONCLUSION: This study highlights the potential of active shape modeling to advance understanding of factors underlying morphologic and pitch-related functional variations affecting vocal structures and the airway in health and disease.
|
['Adult', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Larynx', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neck', 'Phonation', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Vocal Cords', 'Voice', 'Young Adult']
| 24,629,641
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A04.329'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A01.598'], ['G09.772.585'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['A04.329.364.737'], ['G09.772.925'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
KIR-HLA-A and B alleles of the Bw4 epitope against HIV infection in discordant heterosexual couples in Chaco Argentina.
|
Activating and inhibitory killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) and their ligands HLA-Bw4 (loci A and B) were studied by way of establishing whether they can contribute to protection against HIV-1 infection in highly exposed and persistently seronegative (HESN) patients. Twenty-three HIV-1 serodiscordant heterosexual couples, 100 HIV-1(+) patients and 200 healthy individuals were included in this retrospective case-control study. HLA typing was performed by means of PCR followed by sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe reverse hybridization. KIR3DL1 and KIR3DS1 were studied by PCR sequence-specific primers. The frequency of KIR3DS1(3DS1/3DL1)-Bw4 combination was significantly higher in HESN patients versus the discordant couples (P = 0·0003) and HIV-1(+) patients (P = 0·0001). Conversely, the KIR3DL1/KIR3DL1 homozygosity was significantly decreased in HESN patients versus the discordant couples (P = 0·00003), and HIV-1(+) patients (P = 0·00066). The frequency of HLA-A*32 and HLA-B*44 was higher in HESN versus their discordant couples (P = 0·009; P = 0·049), and HIV-1(+) patients (P = 0·00002; P = 0·0001). This had greater significance in combination with KIR3DS1 (3DS1/3DL1). KIR3DS1(3DS1/3DL1) could have a greater effect on protection against HIV-1 infection in HESN patients when bound to a specific HLA allele, in this case HLA-A*32 and HLA-B*44, both Bw4 alleles. The differences probably arise both in the HLA alleles and in the subtypes of KIR receptors depending on the ethnic group studied.
|
['Adult', 'Alleles', 'Argentina', 'Epitopes', 'Female', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Genotype', 'HIV Infections', 'HLA-A Antigens', 'HLA-B Antigens', 'Heterosexuality', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Receptors, KIR']
| 23,789,883
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['Z01.107.757.077'], ['D23.050.550'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['G05.380'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['D12.776.395.550.489.400', 'D12.776.543.550.439.400', 'D23.050.301.500.100.400', 'D23.050.301.500.450.370', 'D23.050.705.552.100.400', 'D23.050.705.552.450.370'], ['D12.776.395.550.489.500', 'D12.776.543.550.439.500', 'D23.050.301.500.100.500', 'D23.050.301.500.450.380', 'D23.050.705.552.100.500', 'D23.050.705.552.450.380'], ['F01.145.802.975.400', 'G08.686.867.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.895.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Developmental aspects of pteridine metabolism and relationships with phenylalanine metabolism.
|
Large variations of pteridine elimination occur in childhood, due to the ontogenic development of the metabolism of tetrahydrobiopterin. The main feature is the slow maturation of biopterin synthesis whereas neopterin synthesis is high at birth; thus a high neopterin to biopterin ratio (4.4 +/- 2.1) occurs in the neonatal period, a ratio which then decreases to adult values (0.5 +/- 0.2). Comparing pteridine elimination of PKU patients with that of controls of the same age, a high excretion of biopterin and, to a lesser extent, of neopterin is found. In normal subjects, following an oral phenylalanine load, biopterin levels in urine and serum also increase, whereas variations of neopterin concentration are small. In rats, phenylalanine also leads to an increase of serum biopterin whereas liver biopterin decreases. This suggests that the main explanation for the biopterin increase in serum and in urine by phenylalanine is a release of the intracellular biopterin by the aminoacid.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aging', 'Amniotic Fluid', 'Animals', 'Biopterin', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Neopterin', 'Phenylalanine', 'Phenylketonurias', 'Pregnancy', 'Pteridines', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains']
| 7,296,883
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G07.345.124'], ['A12.098', 'A16.378.149'], ['B01.050'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.202', 'D08.211.090'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.202.500', 'D08.211.090.500'], ['D12.125.072.050.685', 'D12.125.142.666'], ['C10.228.140.163.100.687', 'C16.320.565.100.766', 'C16.320.565.189.687', 'C18.452.132.100.687', 'C18.452.648.100.766', 'C18.452.648.189.687'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D03.633.100.733'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The effect of postural changes on the inferred pressures within the nucleus pulposus during lumbar discography.
|
By observing the variation of intradiscal pressure occurring at different body postures, it is possible to infer a functional hydrostatic behavior of a lumbar disc. Results from such observations on normal discs are already available. However, observations on degenerate discs are largely restricted to in vitro studies. The authors are now able to report a series of recordings taken from discographically degenerate lumbar discs in patients presenting with low-back pain. In this study of twenty patients, pressure observations were made on 21 normal and 19 abnormal discs. From the results that the authors have obtained, they can reaffirm that normal discs behave predictably and as previously described. The abnormal discs, however, did not behave as a single group. They showed patterns of pressure changes in different postures often dissimilar from that shown by the normal discs both in the absolute values recorded and the sequential changes that occur during the postural change. Unfortunately, the authors were unable to correlate either the extent or character of disc degeneration with the observed variation in pressure changes.
|
['Back Pain', 'Humans', 'Intervertebral Disc', 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'Posture', 'Radiography']
| 6,236,566
|
[['C23.888.592.612.107'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.165.308.410', 'A02.835.232.834.432', 'A10.165.382.350.050'], ['A02.835.232.834.519'], ['G11.427.695'], ['E01.370.350.700']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 9 in a mouse model of atherosclerosis: Determination of the optimal expression time in vivo.
|
Adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9) has been identified as one of the optimal gene transduction carriers for gene therapy. The aim of the present study was to determine the gene transfection efficiency and safety of an AAV9 vector produced using a recombinant baculovirus (rBac)‑based system. AAV9‑cytomegalovirus (CMV)-green fluorescent protein was produced using an rBac system and the resulting vector particles were injected intravenously into mice. Animals were sacrificed at 14, 21, 28, 35, 60, 90 and 120 days following injection. GFP expression in aortic vasculature and aortic plaques in C57/6B and apolipoprotein E‑/‑ mice was analyzed by fluorescence imaging and western blotting. In vivo analyses of biological markers of liver and heart damage, and renal function, as well as in vitro terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling analysis were used to determine the toxicity of the AAV9 carrier. The findings of the present study demonstrated that AAV9 viral vectors packaged using the rBac system functioned appropriately in arteriosclerosis plaques. The CMV promoter significantly induced GFP expression in the vascular plaque in a time-dependent manner. AAV9‑CMV viral particles did not lead to heart, liver or renal damage and no change in apoptotic rate was identified. These findings indicated that AAV9-CMV may be effectively and safely used to transfect genes into atherosclerotic plaques.
|
['Animals', 'Aorta', 'Atherosclerosis', 'Baculoviridae', 'Cytomegalovirus', 'Dependovirus', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Genetic Therapy', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Green Fluorescent Proteins', 'Male', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Plaque, Atherosclerotic', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Transduction, Genetic', 'Transfection']
| 28,260,093
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056'], ['C14.907.137.126.307'], ['B04.280.065', 'B04.525.100'], ['B04.280.382.150.150'], ['B04.280.580.650.170'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['E02.095.301', 'E05.393.420.301'], ['G05.360.337'], ['D12.776.532.265'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['C23.300.823'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['E05.393.350.800', 'G05.728.850'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Optimization of therapy for severe aplastic anemia based on clinical, biologic, and treatment response parameters: conclusions of an international working group on severe aplastic anemia convened by the Blood and Marrow Transplant Clinical Trials Network, March 2010.
|
Although recent advances in therapy offer the promise for improving survival in patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA), the small size of the patient population, lack of a mechanism in North America for longitudinal follow-up of patients, and inadequate cooperation among hematologists, scientists, and transplant physicians remain obstacles to conducting large studies that would advance the field. To address this issue, the Blood and Marrow Transplant Clinical Trials Network (BMT CTN) convened a group of international experts in March 2010 to define the most important questions in the basic science, immunosuppressive therapy (IST), and bone marrow transplantation (BMT) of SAA and propose initiatives to facilitate clinical and biologic research. Key conclusions of the working group were: (1) new patients should obtain accurate, expert diagnosis and early identification of biologic risk; (2) a population-based SAA outcomes registry should be established in North America to collect data on patients longitudinally from diagnosis through and after treatment; (3) a repository of biologic samples linked to the clinical data in the outcomes registry should be developed; (4) innovative approaches to unrelated donor BMT that decrease graft-versus-host disease are needed; and (5) alternative donor transplantation approaches for patients lacking HLA-matched unrelated donors must be improved. A partnership of BMT, IST, and basic science researchers will develop initiatives and partner with advocacy and funding organizations to address these challenges. Collaboration with similar study groups in Europe and Asia will be pursued.
|
['Aging', 'Anemia, Aplastic', 'Biological Specimen Banks', 'Biomedical Research', 'Bone Marrow Transplantation', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppression', 'Internationality', 'North America', 'Public-Private Sector Partnerships', 'Registries']
| 21,034,841
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['C15.378.071.085', 'C15.378.190.223.250'], ['N02.278.065'], ['H01.770.644.145'], ['E02.095.147.725.040', 'E04.936.580.040'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.465.425.450', 'E05.478.610'], ['I01.615'], ['Z01.107.567'], ['J01.219.843', 'N03.540.706'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Does plasma protein depletion increase lung liquid conductance?
|
Lung liquid conductance (Kf) is calculated as the quotient of lung lymph flow divided by net filtration pressure (Pnf), where Pnf is the balance of osmotic and hydrostatic pressures in the lung microcirculation. In protein depletion, lymph flow rises with little change in Pnf, suggesting that calculated Kf also rises. However, several previous reports have concluded that protein depletion causes little change in Kf, leaving open the question of how lung lymph flow can rise in protein depletion with little change in Pnf. To address this, we measured Kf in sheep following two kinds of protein depletion: batch plasmapheresis (BP; n = 5) and thoracic duct drainage (TD; n = 5). Both methods lowered plasma protein concentrations by 30%, and raised lung lymph flows by 55%. Lung microvascular hydrostatic pressures and plasma-to-lymph osmotic pressure gradients both changed by 1 to 2 mm Hg. With BP, calculated Kf rose from 0.26 +/- 0.09 at baseline to 0.50 +/- 0.20 on Day 1, and to 0.39 +/- 0.27 ml/mm Hg/30 min on Day 2 (p < or = 0.05). With TD, calculated Kf rose from 0.28 +/- 0.13 at baseline to 0.43 +/- 0.19 on Day 1, and to 0.43 +/- 0.19 ml/mm Hg/30 min on Day 2 (p < or = 0.05). Calculated Kf rose because filtration increased even though the hydrostatic and osmotic driving forces responsible for filtration changed little. This is puzzling because it suggests that lymph flow rose with little or no change in the forces affecting filtration. Our findings contradict several previous reports that concluded that protein depletion produces little or no change in calculated Kf.
|
['Animals', 'Capillary Permeability', 'Drainage', 'Extravascular Lung Water', 'Female', 'Hydrostatic Pressure', 'Hypoproteinemia', 'Lung', 'Lymph', 'Male', 'Microcirculation', 'Osmotic Pressure', 'Plasmapheresis', 'Sheep', 'Thoracic Duct']
| 8,564,117
|
[['B01.050'], ['G03.143.330', 'G09.330.165'], ['E02.309', 'E04.237'], ['A12.207.270.300'], ['G01.374.715.352'], ['C15.378.147.607'], ['A04.411'], ['A12.207.270.606', 'A15.382.520.150'], ['G09.330.100.645'], ['G01.374.715.578', 'G02.640.249', 'G02.723.661'], ['E02.120.770', 'E02.912.715', 'E04.292.869'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['A15.382.520.301.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The role of source memory in gambling task decision making.
|
The role of memory in the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) was tested in two experiments that dissociated item memory (memory for losses obtained) from source memory (the deck that produced a given loss). In Experiment 1, participants observed 75 choices that had been made by controls or patients in previous research, followed by memory tests, and then 25 active choices from the participant. In Experiment 2, participants made choices for 75 trials, performed the memory tests, and then made 25 final choices. The data show that item and source memory can diverge within the IGT, and that source memory makes a significant contribution to IGT performance.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Decision Making', 'Female', 'Gambling', 'Games, Experimental', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Memory', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'ROC Curve', 'Regression Analysis', 'Young Adult']
| 22,558,999
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F02.463.785.373'], ['F01.145.722.408', 'F03.250.400'], ['E05.385'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425.540'], ['F04.711.513'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A 5-year-old boy with a large hereditary multiple exostoses lump grown into thoracic cavity.
|
Multiple exostosis is associated with the autosomal dominant disorder and hereditary multiple exostoses (HMEs), are rarely growing around the ribs and the formation of a large lump into the thoracic cavity. It's generally agreed that when there are no symptoms present, a HME patient could either avoid any treatment or postpone the operation until adolescence. We present a 5-year-old boy with 4 cm ? 3.5 cm HMEs lump invasion into the thoracic cavity, with symptoms of chest distress and right chest pain. This patient received video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and a the lump and 1 cm rib involved was resected. During a 2 years follow-up, the patient remained in good condition without recurrence and complications.
|
['Biopsy', 'Chest Pain', 'Child, Preschool', 'Exostoses, Multiple Hereditary', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Osteotomy', 'Ribs', 'Time Factors', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 23,364,238
|
[['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['C23.888.592.612.233'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C04.557.450.565.575.610.615.325', 'C04.700.330', 'C05.116.099.708.670.615.325', 'C05.116.540.310.500', 'C16.320.700.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.555.580'], ['A02.835.232.570.500'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Intracellular delivery of artificial transcription factors fused to the protein transduction domain of HIV-1 Tat.
|
Protein transduction domains (PTDs), such as the TAT peptide derived from HIV Tat protein, may transduce macromolecules into cells. In the present study, the TAT peptide-fused artificial transcription factors (ATFs) were generated by fusion of the N-terminal TAT peptide with SV40 promoter-targeted three-fingered C2H2 zinc finger proteins and the KRAB transcriptional repression domain. The fusion proteins were then expressed in an E .coli system and purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. The purified fusion proteins were tested on mammalian cell lines CHO DG44 and L929. TAT-ATF-S, which contains the zinc fingers that bind to the SV40 promoter with high specificity, exhibited the desired transcriptional repression activity to the reported genes, indicating the successful cellular delivery and desired conformation of TAT-ATF-S. Our study has provided a new strategy for intracellular ATF delivery.
|
['Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'CHO Cells', 'Cricetinae', 'Cricetulus', 'Gene Products, tat', 'HIV-1', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Transcription Factors', 'Zinc Fingers', 'tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus']
| 23,648,869
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['A11.251.210.200', 'A11.436.155'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.250'], ['D12.776.260.755.199', 'D12.776.930.900.199', 'D12.776.964.900.750.750', 'D12.776.964.925.984.400'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500.985'], ['D12.776.260.755.199.500', 'D12.776.930.900.199.500', 'D12.776.964.775.562.773', 'D12.776.964.900.750.750.500', 'D12.776.964.925.984.400.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Neonatal auditory brain-stem response threshold and latency: 1 hour to 5 months.
|
Auditory brain-stem evoked responses were recorded in normal neonates and infants ranging in age from less than 1 h to 5.5 months. The average threshold in neonates 0-5 h old was 29 dB greater than that in adults, reaching the adult threshold range within 2 weeks. The latency of wave I in 0-5 h neonates was 1.81 msec and reached the adult range within 2 weeks. The V-I interpeak latency in 0-5 h neonates was 5.3 msec and did not reach adult values within the period of this study.
|
['Brain Stem', 'Evoked Potentials, Auditory', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Reaction Time', 'Vestibulocochlear Nerve']
| 1,688,788
|
[['A08.186.211.132'], ['G07.265.216.500.370', 'G07.888.250', 'G11.561.200.500.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['A08.800.800.120.910']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The relationship among homocysteine, creatinine clearance, and albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes.
|
OBJECTIVE: Although it is accepted that elevated plasma homocysteine (tHcy) levels occur in end-stage renal disease and type 2 diabetes, the changes with milder renal dysfunction (e.g., microalbuminuria) are less clearly established. This study explores the relationship among tHcy, creatinine clearance (Ccr), and albumin excretion rate (AER) in a population with type 2 diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 260 patients with type 2 diabetes were screened in our outpatient clinic during 10 months. Fasting blood samples were collected, and AER was calculated from an overnight timed urine sample. Ccr was calculated using the Cockroft-Gault formula.RESULTS: A total of 198 subjects (76%) had normoalbuminuria (<20 microg/min), 50 subjects (19%) had microalbuminuria (20-200 microg/min), and 12 subjects (5%) had macroalbuminuria (>or=200 microg/min). Those with microalbuminuria had higher levels of tHcy than those with normoalbuminuria (13.2 +/- 7.8 vs. 11.3 +/- 4.6 micromol/l, P < 0.05). Patients were then subdivided based on low Ccr (<80 ml x min(-1) x 1.73 m(-2)) and normal Ccr (>or=80 x min(-1) x 1.73 m(-2)). None of the patients with macroalbuminuria had normal Ccr. In those with normoalbuminuria, tHcy levels were higher than in those with low Ccr than in those with normal Ccr (12.0 +/- 4.6 vs. 10.0 +/- 4.4 micromol/l, P < 0.01). The same was found for those with microalbuminuria (low Ccr versus normal Ccr: 14.6 +/- 9.0 vs. 10.2 +/- 2.8 micromol/l, P < 0.02). For normal Ccr, tHcy was similar irrespective of AER (normoalbuminuria versus microalbuminuria: 10.0 +/- 4.4 vs. 10.2 +/- 2.8 micromol/l, NS). For low Ccr, tHcy was higher in those with microalbuminuria versus normoalbuminuria (14.6 +/- 9.0 vs. 12.0 +/- 4.6 micromol/l, P = 0.01). Using multivariate regression, Ccr, but neither AER nor the presence of albuminuria, was an independent predictor of tHcy.CONCLUSIONS: These data strongly suggest that in patients with type 2 diabetes, the relationship between plasma tHcy and AER is largely due to associated changes in renal function, as defined by Ccr.
|
['Aged', 'Albuminuria', 'Creatinine', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Female', 'Folic Acid', 'Homocysteine', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Metabolic Clearance Rate', 'Middle Aged', 'Regression Analysis', 'Vitamin B 12']
| 11,574,446
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C12.777.934.734.269', 'C13.351.968.934.734.269', 'C23.888.942.750.269'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.400'], ['D02.886.030.498', 'D12.125.166.498'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.843', 'E05.200.843', 'G03.490', 'G07.690.595', 'G07.690.725.513'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.437.777', 'D03.633.400.909.437.777', 'D04.345.783.437.777']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Angiographic variables predict increased risk for adverse ischemic events after coronary stenting with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibition: results from the TARGET trial.
|
OBJECTIVES: We sought to assess whether pre-procedural angiographic characteristics are associated with adverse clinical outcomes after coronary stenting with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibition.BACKGROUND: Ischemic complications after balloon angioplasty are associated with pre- and post-procedural angiographic variables. However, in the current era of stenting with IIb/IIIa inhibition, it is unknown whether angiographic features assessed before intervention confer an increased risk of adverse procedural and subsequent clinical outcomes.METHODS: In the Do Tirofiban and ReoPro Give Similar Efficacy Outcomes? Trial (TARGET), 4,809 patients undergoing planned stenting were randomized to tirofiban or abciximab. Baseline demographic, clinical, and angiographic variables were obtained. Clinical end points were recorded at 30 days and six months. The relationship between angiographic variables and adverse clinical outcomes was assessed.RESULTS: Patients with the combination of thrombus, lesion eccentricity, and lesion length >20 mm had a 21.4% composite incidence of death, myocardial infarction, or urgent target vessel revascularization (TVR) at 30 days, compared with 4.2% in those patients without these high-risk features (hazard ratio [HR] 3.24, p < 0.001). After adjustment, the risk was independently associated with thrombus (HR 1.40, p = 0.034), eccentricity (HR 1.67, p < 0.001), and lesion length >20 mm (HR 1.89, p < 0.001). The risk of six-month TVR was independently associated with left anterior descending coronary artery lesions (HR 1.46, p < 0.001), restenotic lesions at baseline (HR 1.58, p = 0.006), and lesion length (HR 1.19, p = 0.03).CONCLUSIONS: Patients with thrombus, eccentric lesions, or lesion length >20 mm are at high risk for ischemic outcomes after coronary stenting, despite IIb/IIIa inhibition. Further research into novel anti-thrombotic therapies or procedural strategies is necessary for these patients.
|
['Abciximab', 'Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments', 'Ischemia', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors', 'Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Risk Assessment', 'Stents', 'Tirofiban', 'Tyrosine']
| 13,678,916
|
[['D12.644.541.500.650.125', 'D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060.125', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680.650.125', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060.125', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680.650.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680.650.125'], ['E02.148.050.060.100', 'E04.100.376.719.100', 'E04.100.814.529.124.060.100', 'E04.100.814.529.968.050', 'E04.502.382.124.060.100', 'E04.502.382.968.050', 'E04.928.220.520.100', 'E05.157.016.060.100'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.541.500.650', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680.650', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680.650', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680.650'], ['C23.550.513'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['D27.505.954.502.780'], ['D12.776.395.550.625.785', 'D12.776.543.550.625.785', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.460.700', 'D12.776.543.750.705.675.784'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E07.695.750'], ['D12.125.072.050.875.875'], ['D12.125.072.050.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cancer burden trends in Umbria region using a joinpoint regression.
|
INTRODUCTION: The analysis of the epidemiological data on cancer is an important tool to control and evaluate the outcomes of primary and secondary prevention, the effectiveness of health care and, in general, all cancer control activities.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The aim of the this paper is to analyze the cancer mortality in the Umbria region from 1978 to 2009 and incidence from 1994-2008. Sex and site-specific trends for standardized rates were analyzed by "joinpoint regression", using the surveillance epidemiology and end results (SEER) software.RESULTS: Applying the jointpoint analyses by sex and cancer site, to incidence spanning from 1994 to 2008 and mortality from 1978 to 2009 for all sites, both in males and females, a significant joinpoint for mortality was found; moreover the trend shape was similar and the joinpoint years were very close. In males standardized rate significantly increased up to 1989 by 1.23% per year and significantly decreased thereafter by -1.31%; among females the mortality rate increased in average of 0.78% (not significant) per year till 1988 and afterward significantly decreased by -0.92% per year. Incidence rate showed different trends among sexes. In males was practically constant over the period studied (not significant increase 0.14% per year), in females significantly increased by 1.49% per year up to 2001 and afterward slowly decreased (-0.71% n.s. estimated annual percent change - EAPC).CONCLUSIONS: For all sites combined trends for mortality decreased since late '80s, both in males and females; such behaviour is in line with national and European Union data. This work shows that, even compared to health systems that invest more resources, the Umbria public health system achieved good health outcomes.
|
['Adult', 'Cost of Illness', 'Epidemiologic Methods', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Italy', 'Male', 'Neoplasms', 'Population Surveillance', 'Regression Analysis', 'Sex Factors']
| 26,428,045
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N03.219.151.165', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.182', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.046'], ['E05.318', 'N06.850.520'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['C04'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Postoperative Outcomes in SAVR/TAVR Patients With Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review.
|
To assess the predictive value of preoperative cognitive impairment on postoperative in-hospital, short-term, and mid-term outcomes among patients undergoing surgical or transcatheter aortic valve replacement. The review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Articles were identified in EMBASE, Medline, and PubMed. Eligible articles compared the outcomes of patients with and without preoperative cognitive impairment who underwent aortic valve replacement and were published in English between January 1, 1997 and November 1, 2017. The quality of included observational studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The strength of the body of evidence was also assessed. A total of 6163 abstracts were screened by 2 independent reviewers and 31 full-text articles were reviewed. Eight studies met inclusion criteria. The studies included 1 case-control, 5 prospective cohort, and 2 retrospective cohort studies. Given the paucity and heterogeneity of studies, meta-analysis was not possible. Five studies were of good quality. Preoperative cognitive impairment is a risk factor for postoperative delirium in 2 studies, increased mid-term mortality in 2 studies, and increased length of stay, risk of discharge to a health-care facility or progressive disability in 1 study. However, given the paucity and methodological flaws of the included studies, the body of evidence on the predictive value of preoperative cognitive impairment on postoperative outcomes remains weak. This systematic review highlights the need for more good quality studies to provide evidence regarding the incidence of cognitive impairment and associations with poor outcomes after aortic valve replacement.
|
['Aged', 'Aortic Valve', 'Aortic Valve Stenosis', 'Cognition', 'Cognitive Dysfunction', 'Delirium', 'Heart Valve Prosthesis', 'Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation', 'Humans', 'Length of Stay', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Discharge', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 30,529,383
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['A07.541.510.110'], ['C14.280.484.048.750', 'C14.280.955.249'], ['F02.463.188'], ['F03.615.250.700'], ['C10.597.606.337.500', 'C23.888.592.604.339.500', 'F01.700.250.500', 'F03.615.350'], ['E07.695.310'], ['E04.100.376.485', 'E04.650.410', 'E04.928.220.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.169.125', 'E02.760.400.610', 'N02.421.585.169.125', 'N02.421.585.400.610', 'N04.590.233.727.210.125'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E04.100.376.485.500', 'E04.650.410.500', 'E04.928.220.410.500'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[The effects of aerobic exercise on hormones, blood lipids and body composition in middle-aged obese women according to beta 3-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphisms].
|
PURPOSE: This research was conducted to provide basic information about the effects of aerobic exercise on physiological change in middle-aged obese women according to differences of beta 3-adrenergic receptor polymorphisms.METHOD: Twenty-nine middle aged obese women with over 30%BMI were divided into three groups according to beta 3-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphism [Variable Group (VG):9, Normal Group (NG):10, Control Group (CG):10]. The VG and NG groups performed walking at 50% exercise intensity for 30 minutes a day, 4 days a week, for 12 weeks. The data was analyzed using the SPSS program.RESULT: The level of leptin, insulin and % body fat in the VG and NG groups was significantly lower than those of the CG after 12 weeks. In addition, the level of HDL-C in the VG and NG was significantly higher than that of the CG after 12 weeks. However, TC, TG and body weight between groups didn't appear significant at the end of 12 weeks.CONCLUSIONS: Aerobic exercise didn't cause differences in persons with differing beta 3-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphisms, but aerobic exercise affected the physiological change in middle-aged obese women. The findings suggest that aerobic exercise is a desirable nursing intervention for obesity control in middle-aged obese women.
|
['Adult', 'Body Composition', 'Exercise', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Insulin', 'Leptin', 'Lipids', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3']
| 15,613,846
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G02.111.130', 'G03.180', 'G07.100.049'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['D06.472.699.042.500', 'D12.644.276.024.500', 'D12.644.548.011.500', 'D12.776.467.024.500', 'D23.529.024.500'], ['D10'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['G05.365.795'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.300.340.300', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.300.340.900', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.300.340.300']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Combining conformal deformation and Cook-Torrance shading for 3-D reconstruction in laparoscopy.
|
We propose a new monocular 3-D reconstruction method adapted for reconstructing organs in the abdominal cavity. It combines both motion and shading cues. The former uses a conformal deformation prior and the latter the Cook-Torrance reflectance model. Our method runs in two phases: first, a 3-D geometric and photometric template of the organ at rest is reconstructed in vivo. The geometric shape is reconstructed using rigid shape-from-motion while the surgeon is exploring-but not deforming-structures in the abdominal cavity. This geometric template is then used to retrieve the photometric properties. A nonparametric model of the light's direction of the laparoscope and the Cook-Torrance reflectance model of the organ's tissue are estimated. Second, the surgeon manipulates and deforms the environment. Here, the 3-D template is conformally deformed to globally match a set of few correspondences between the 2-D image data provided by the monocular laparoscope and the 3-D template. Then, the coarse 3-D shape is refined using shading cues to obtain a final 3-D deformed shape. This second phase only relies on a single image. Therefore, it copes with both sequential processing and self-recovery from tracking failure. The proposed approach has been validated using 1) ex vivo and in vivo data with ground-truth, and 2) in vivo laparoscopic videos of a patient's uterus. Our experimental results illustrate the ability of our method to reconstruct natural 3-D deformations typical in real surgical procedures.
|
['Algorithms', 'Animals', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Laparoscopy', 'Liver', 'Lung', 'Sheep', 'Surgery, Computer-Assisted', 'Swine', 'Uterus']
| 24,845,278
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['A03.620'], ['A04.411'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['E04.749'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['A05.360.319.679']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prevalence study of trunk asymmetries and structural scoliosis in 10-year-old school children.
|
The prevalence of trunk asymmetries was studied in 6464, 10-year-old, school children in Malm? City. All those with visible trunk asymmetries were moir? photographed and a subset roentgenographed. Moir?, positive findings were seen in 13% of the boys and in 16% of the girls. A more prominent moir? asymmetry (a deviation of two moire contour lines or more) was seen in 0.6% of the boys and 0.9% of the girls. The Cobb angles in this latter group varied between 14-25 degrees. Children with small clinical and moir? asymmetries (deviations of less than one moir? fringe) had no or very small (less than 10 degrees), lateral deviations seen on the x-ray and should, therefore, be regarded rather as normal variations of the shape of the trunk. On the other hand, these small asymmetries cannot be disregarded as possible indications of a risk group in which structural scoliosis can develop later during the period of growth.
|
['Braces', 'Child', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interferometry', 'Male', 'Photogrammetry', 'Radiography', 'Scoliosis', 'Sweden']
| 6,495,036
|
[['E07.858.442.743.319'], ['M01.060.406'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.490'], ['E01.370.350.600.630'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['C05.116.900.800.875'], ['Z01.542.816.500']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Interexaminer, intraexaminer and test-retest reliability of clinical knee joint-position-sense measurements using an image-capture technique.
|
CONTEXT: Knee joint-position sense (JPS) plays a critical role in controlled and stable joint movement. Poor ability to sense position of the knee can therefore increase risk of injury. There is no agreed consensus on JPS measurement techniques and a lack of reliability statistics on methods.OBJECTIVE: To identify the most reliable knee JPS measurement technique using image capture.DESIGN: Interexaminer, intraexaminer, and test-retest reliability of knee JPS measurements.SETTING: Biomechanics laboratory.PARTICIPANTS: 10 asymptomatic participants.INTERVENTIONS: None.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Relative and absolute error scores of knee JPS in 3 conditions (sitting, prone, active) through 3 ranges of movement (10-30°, 30-60°, 60-90°), into 2 directions (flexion and extension) using both legs (dominant and nondominant) collected during 15 trials and repeated 7 d after the first data collection.RESULTS: Statistical analysis by intraclass correlations revealed excellent interexaminer reliability between researchers (.98) and intraexaminer reliability within 1 researcher (.96). Test-retest reliability was highest in the sitting condition from a starting angle of 0°, target angle through 60-90° of flexion, using the dominant leg and absolute-error-score variables (ICC = .92). However, it was noted smallest detectable differences were a high percentage of mean values for all measures.CONCLUSIONS: The most reliable JPS measurement for asymptomatic participants has been identified. Practitioners should use this protocol when collecting JPS data during prescreening sessions. However, generalizability of findings to a class/group of clients exhibiting knee pathologies should be done with caution.
|
['Adult', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Knee Joint', 'Observer Variation', 'Photography', 'Posture', 'Proprioception', 'Random Allocation', 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'Reproducibility of Results']
| 25,310,683
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['E01.370.350.600', 'E05.712'], ['G11.427.695'], ['F02.830.816.541', 'G07.888.750', 'G11.561.790.541'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['E01.370.600.700', 'G11.427.760'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Seasonal and geographical distribution of near-surface small photosynthetic eukaryotes in the western North Pacific determined by pyrosequencing of 18S rDNA.
|
In this study, we investigated the distribution of small photosynthetic eukaryotes in the near-surface layer of the western North Pacific at four stations, including two oceanic stations where the subarctic Oyashio and subtropical Kuroshio currents influence a transition region and the bay mouth and head of the Sendai Bay, from April 2012 to May 2013. Flow cytometry was applied to sort small photosynthetic eukaryotes (<5 ìm), and high-throughput sequencing of 18S rDNA was performed. Our taxonomic analysis showed that 19/195 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were frequently distributed among all sites. Composition analysis showed that the OTUs had characteristic patterns and were divided into four main groups. Two groups reflected the low-saline water and winter season, with the characteristic OTUs belonging to diatoms; Chaetoceros and Leptocylindrus were characteristic of low saline water, and two diatom genera (Minidiscus and Minutocellus) and Cryptomonadales-related OTUs were prevalent in the winter. Our results indicate that the community composition of small photosynthetic eukaryotes seasonally changes in a dynamic manner according to variations in water properties.
|
['DNA, Ribosomal', 'Diatoms', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Eukaryota', 'Oceans and Seas', 'Pacific Ocean', 'Photosynthesis', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 18S', 'Seasons', 'Seawater']
| 27,810,875
|
[['D13.444.308.475'], ['B01.750.200'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['B01'], ['G01.311.625', 'G16.500.275.725.500.650', 'Z01.756'], ['Z01.756.700'], ['G02.111.158.937', 'G02.111.669.700', 'G02.740.921', 'G03.191.937', 'G03.493.700', 'G03.800.700', 'G15.568'], ['D13.444.735.686.675'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['G16.500.275.725.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
In vitro activity of YM133, a new semisynthesized macrolide.
|
YM133, the 4"-O-(4-methoxyphenyl)acetyltylosin, is a new macrolide. The in vitro activity of YM133 was compared with those of erythromycin, josamycin, and rokitamycin by an agar dilution method. YM133 inhibited 90% of the tested isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Legionella spp., and anaerobic bacteria at less than or equal to 1.56 micrograms/ml. The drug inhibited 90% of erythromycin-resistant staphylococci and Streptococcus pyogenes at less than or equal to 50 micrograms/ml. YM133 showed activity against erythromycin-, josamycin-, and rokitamycin-resistant (MIC greater than or equal to 100 micrograms/ml) strains of staphylococci, streptococci, Bacteroides spp., and Clostridium spp. Enterococci were less susceptible to other YM133-like macrolides. Unlike other macrolides, YM133 showed killing activity, and the MBC/MIC ratios of YM133 for several strains were 1:32, whereas those of erythromycin were 4:1,024. In a time-kill curve study, the reduction of viable cells started within 2 h after the addition of YM133.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bacteria', 'Bacterial Infections', 'Clindamycin', 'Drug Resistance, Microbial', 'Erythromycin', 'Josamycin', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Miocamycin', 'Oleandomycin']
| 1,929,295
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['B03'], ['C01.150.252'], ['D03.383.773.532.500.125', 'D09.408.471.500.125'], ['G06.225', 'G07.690.773.984.269'], ['D02.540.576.500.992'], ['D02.540.576.500.998'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['D02.540.505.500'], ['D02.540.505.600']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Studies of hyperalgesia induced by Trypanosoma brucei brucei infection in rats.
|
Sprague-Dawley rats were infected by intraperitoneal injections of a strain of Trypanosoma brucei brucei. This parasite spreads early to areas in the nervous system which lack a so-called blood-brain or blood-nerve barrier including spinal ganglia. Signs of sensory disturbance in the form of hyperalgesia were observed already seven days post infection, using a hot plate analgesimeter. The sensory disturbances progressed and the rats started to lose weight about 3 weeks post infection, and died about one week later. Immunohistochemistry showed no reduction in density of calcitonin gene-related peptide or substance P immunoreactive fibres in the skin or spinal cord. It is suggested that the sensory disturbances are mediated via release of kinin or interleukin-1 which are known as potent hyperalgesic agents. The hot plate analgesimeter is a simple and reliable method and may be useful in experimental trypanosomiasis to test drugs developed to combat this disease.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide', 'Hot Temperature', 'Hyperalgesia', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Trypanosoma brucei brucei', 'Trypanosomiasis, African']
| 1,671,623
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.644.400.097', 'D12.776.631.650.097'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['C10.597.751.791.400', 'C23.888.592.763.770.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['B01.268.475.868.887.080'], ['C01.610.752.300.900.719', 'C01.920.937']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Syncope and seizure-like activity secondary to acute herpes zoster infection of the trigeminal nerve.
|
Syncope may occur with glossopharyngeal neuralgia. We describe a patient with acute herpetic infection of the first branch of the trigeminal nerve associated with episodes of shooting pain, cardiac arrest and tonic-clonic movements. Resemblances with the so-called "cardiovascular" form of glossopharyngeal neuralgia, as well as putative mechanisms of the syncope, are discussed.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Cranial Nerve Diseases', 'Female', 'Herpes Zoster', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Seizures', 'Syncope', 'Trigeminal Nerve']
| 7,553,816
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['C10.292'], ['C01.925.256.466.930.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.597.742', 'C23.888.592.742'], ['C10.597.606.358.800.600', 'C23.888.592.604.359.800.600'], ['A08.800.800.120.760']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Application of persulfate-oxidation foam spraying as a bioremediation pretreatment for diesel oil-contaminated soil.
|
This study investigated a persulfate-bioaugmentation serial foam spraying technique to remove total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) present in diesel-contaminated unsaturated soil. Feeding of remedial agents by foam spraying increased the infiltration/unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of reagents into the unsaturated soil. Persulfate mixed with a surfactant solution infiltrated the soil faster than peroxide, resulting in relatively even soil moisture content. Persulfate had a higher soil infiltration tendency, which would facilitate its distribution over a wide soil area, thereby enhancing subsequent biodegradation efficiency. Nearly 80% of soil-TPHs were degraded by combined persulfate-bioaugmentation foam spraying, while bioaugmentation foam spraying alone removed 52%. TPH fraction analysis revealed that the removal rate for the biodegradation recalcitrant fraction (C18 to C22) in deeper soil regions was higher for persulfate-bioaugmentation serial foam application than for peroxide-bioaugmentation foam application. Persulfate-foam spraying may be superior to peroxide for TPH removal even at a low concentration (50 mN) because persulfate-foam is more permeable, persistent, and does not change soil pH in the subsurface. Although the number of soil microbes declines by oxidation pretreatment, bioaugmentation-foam alters the microbial population exponentially.
|
['Biodegradation, Environmental', 'Gasoline', 'Petroleum', 'Sodium Compounds', 'Soil', 'Soil Microbiology', 'Soil Pollutants', 'Sulfates']
| 29,843,033
|
[['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['D20.345.630.540', 'N06.230.132.258.630.540'], ['D20.345.630', 'N06.230.132.258.630'], ['D01.857'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.555', 'N06.850.425.300'], ['D27.888.284.756'], ['D01.248.497.158.845', 'D01.875.800.800.850']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
An antibody-free sample pretreatment method for osteopontin combined with MALDI-TOF MS/MS analysis.
|
Osteopontin is an osteoblast-secreted protein with an aspartic acid-rich, highly phosphorylated, and glycosylated structure. Osteopontin can easily bind to integrins, tumor cells, extracellular matrix and calcium, and is related to bone diseases, various cancers, inflammation etc. Here, DEAE-Cibacron blue 3GA was used to extract recombinant osteopontin from human plasma, and to deplete abundant plasma proteins with an antibody-free method. Using selected buffer systems, osteopontin and human serum albumin could be bound to DEAE-Cibacron blue 3GA, while immunoglobulin G was excluded. The bound osteopontin could then be separated from albumin by using different sequential elution buffers. By this method, 1 ìg/mL recombinant osteopontin could be separated from the major part of the most abundant proteins in human plasma. After trypsin digestion, the extracted osteopontin could be successfully detected and identified by MALDI-TOF MS/MS using the m/z 1854.898 peptide and its fragments.
|
['Blood Proteins', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Osteopontin', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry']
| 30,845,167
|
[['D12.776.124'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D12.644.276.374.625', 'D12.776.395.700.837', 'D12.776.467.374.625', 'D12.776.860.300.762', 'D23.529.374.625'], ['D12.644.541'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E05.196.566.755'], ['E05.196.566.880']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Developmental regulation of nerve growth factor and its receptor in the rat caudate-putamen.
|
In prior studies, nerve growth factor (NGF) administration induced a robust, selective increase in the neurochemical differentiation of caudate-putamen cholinergic neurons. In this study, expression of NGF and its receptor was examined to determine whether endogenous NGF might serve as a neurotrophic factor for these neurons. The temporal pattern of NGF gene expression and the levels of NGF mRNA and protein were distinct from those found in other brain regions. NGF and high-affinity NGF binding were present during cholinergic neurochemical differentiation and persisted into adult-hood. An increase in NGF binding during the third postnatal week was correlated with increasing choline acetyltransferase activity. The data are consistent with a role for endogenous NGF in the development and, possibly, the maintenance of caudate-putamen cholinergic neurons.
|
['Animals', 'Caudate Nucleus', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Male', 'Nerve Growth Factors', 'Neurons', 'Parasympathetic Nervous System', 'Putamen', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Receptors, Cell Surface', 'Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor']
| 2,561,975
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487.550.184'], ['G05.308'], ['D12.644.276.860', 'D12.776.467.860', 'D12.776.631.600', 'D23.529.850'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['A08.800.050.600'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487.550.784'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D12.776.543.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.750.400.550']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Brief communication: early appearance of islet autoantibodies predicts childhood type 1 diabetes in offspring of diabetic parents.
|
BACKGROUND: The development of type 1 diabetes mellitus is preceded by autoimmunity against islet beta cells.OBJECTIVE: To determine the risk for islet autoimmunity and childhood diabetes in offspring of affected parents.DESIGN: Prospective cohort study.SETTING: German BABYDIAB study.PARTICIPANTS: 1610 offspring of parents with type 1 diabetes.MEASUREMENTS: Autoantibodies to islet autoantigens were measured at 9 months, 2 years, 5 years, and 8 years of age.RESULTS: By 5 years of age, the frequency of islet autoantibodies was 5.9% (95% CI, 4.6% to 7.2%), the frequency of multiple islet autoantibodies was 3.5% (CI, 2.5% to 4.5%), and the frequency of diabetes was 1.5% (CI, 0.9% to 2.1%). The risk for diabetes was highest in offspring with multiple autoantibodies (40% within 5 years vs. 3% in offspring with single autoantibodies; P = 0.005). Progression to multiple islet autoantibodies was fastest in children who were autoantibody positive by age 2 years (P < 0.001), and progression to diabetes was inversely related to the age of positivity for multiple autoantibodies (P = 0.02).LIMITATIONS: The findings are limited to childhood diabetes in affected families.CONCLUSIONS: Childhood autoimmune diabetes is associated with autoimmunity that starts before 2 years of age.
|
['Autoantibodies', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Female', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Islets of Langerhans', 'Male', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors']
| 15,172,902
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['A03.734.414', 'A06.300.414'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Microcirculatory response to surgical trauma in composite-tissue transfer.
|
A rat cremaster muscle-flap model for direct in vivo microcirculatory studies was combined with a rat hind-limb amputation/replantation model, to evaluate changes related to transfer trauma. Forty-eight inbred Sprague-Dawley rats were studied in two experimental groups. In a control group, the cremaster muscle was dissected as an island tube flap, transposed into the hind limb, and anchored at ankle level. No amputation was performed. In a second composite-limb-cremaster-graft group, the limb, with the inserted cremaster muscle flap, was amputated at mid-thigh level, and transferred to a recipient animal. In both groups, at follow-up periods of 1, 24, 48, and 72 hr, the cremaster flap was withdrawn from the limb and prepared for microcirculatory studies. The following parameters were measured: vessel diameters, RBC velocities, capillary density, and leukocytes in the postcapillary venules. Arteriolar and venular diameters, as well as RBC velocity values, were comparable in both groups. However, the composite isografts presented 50 percent more leukocytes sticking to the lumen of the postcapillary venules (p < 0.05) immediately following transfer. In addition, a significant decrease (12 percent) in the number of perfused capillaries was observed in the composite grafts throughout 72 hr. In this study on composite tissue transfer, trauma alone compromised the microcirculatory integrity of the tissue and proved to act as an independent factor. This should be considered during allotransplantations, where the addition of a rejection factor can further compromise graft survival.
|
['Animals', 'Arterioles', 'Capillaries', 'Erythrocytes', 'Graft Survival', 'Hindlimb', 'Leukocyte Count', 'Male', 'Microcirculation', 'Organ Transplantation', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Replantation', 'Surgical Procedures, Operative', 'Transplantation, Homologous', 'Venules']
| 7,714,882
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.060', 'A07.015.461.080'], ['A07.015.461.165'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['G12.875.545.340'], ['A13.473'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595', 'E05.200.625.107.595', 'E05.242.195.107.595', 'G04.140.107.595', 'G09.188.105.595'], ['G09.330.100.645'], ['E04.936.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['E04.936.494'], ['E04'], ['E04.936.864'], ['A07.015.461.920', 'A07.015.908.952']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation versus partial hepatectomy for multicentric small hepatocellular carcinomas: a nonrandomized comparative study.
|
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compare the results of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) with those of partial hepatectomy (PH) in the treatment of multicentric small hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). With advances in RFA, it is not known whether the minimally invasive approach with percutaneous RFA could attain comparable survival outcomes but with a lower morbidity in patients with multicentric HCCs.METHODS: From January 2002 and December 2007, 159 patients who had two or three HCCs, with the largest tumor no more than 5 cm in diameter, had no major vascular invasion or extrahepatic metastases, and were treated with either PH (n = 73) or RFA (n = 86) were included in the study.RESULTS: There was no procedure-related mortality in both groups of patients. Major complications happened significantly more often after PH than after RFA (19.2 vs. 8.1%). The hospital stay was significantly longer after PH than after RFA (median = 9 vs. 3 days). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates for the PH and RFA groups were 91.8, 68.7, 44.5% and 94.2, 64.4, 21.2%, respectively. The corresponding disease-free survival rates for the two groups were 62.1, 33.6, 3.6% and 29.4, 2.7, 0%, respectively. The PH group had significantly longer overall survival and disease-free survival than the RFA group.CONCLUSIONS: PH resulted in better survival outcomes than RFA for patients with multicentric small HCCs. However, RFA had the benefits of lower procedure-related morbidity and shorter hospital stay.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Catheter Ablation', 'Female', 'Hepatectomy', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Survival Analysis', 'Young Adult']
| 20,645,090
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['E02.808.750.500', 'E04.014.760.500'], ['E04.210.556'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The prototypic tissue pentraxin PTX3, in contrast to the short pentraxin serum amyloid P, inhibits phagocytosis of late apoptotic neutrophils by macrophages.
|
OBJECTIVE: Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells can be facilitated by complement components and short pentraxins, such as serum amyloid P (SAP). In contrast, the long pentraxin PTX3 was shown to inhibit phagocytosis of apoptotic Jurkat cells by dendritic cells and to bind late apoptotic polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). Recently, levels of the pentraxin PTX3 were shown to parallel disease activity in small-vessel vasculitis, which is often characterized by leukocytoclasia, a persistence of leukocyte remnants in the vessel wall. We undertook this study to test our hypothesis that PTX3 inhibits phagocytosis of late apoptotic PMNs by macrophages, thereby leading to their accumulation in the vessel wall.METHODS: Macrophages were allowed to phagocytose late apoptotic or secondary necrotic PMNs that were incubated with or without PTX3 for 30 minutes prior to phagocytosis. Phagocytosis was allowed to occur in the presence of 30% normal human serum with or without SAP and with or without depletion of complement. To discriminate between an inhibitory effect of PTX3 on binding and the internalization of apoptotic PMNs into macrophages, internalization was blocked by cytochalasin B.RESULTS: SAP and complement were both necessary for effective in vitro phagocytosis. In contrast, PTX3 inhibited phagocytosis in a dose-dependent manner, from 11% inhibition at 6.25 microg/ml to almost complete inhibition at 100 microg/ml. Furthermore, PTX3 partly affected binding of apoptotic PMNs to macrophages.CONCLUSION: PTX3, in contrast to SAP and complement, inhibits phagocytosis of late apoptotic PMNs by monocyte-derived macrophages in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, PTX3 can play a role in the development of leukocytoclasia by affecting the clearance of apoptotic PMNs, thereby inducing their accumulation in the vessel wall.
|
['Apoptosis', 'C-Reactive Protein', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytochalasin B', 'Humans', 'Jurkat Cells', 'Macrophages', 'Neutrophils', 'Phagocytosis', 'Serum Amyloid P-Component']
| 15,334,483
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['D12.776.034.145', 'D12.776.124.050.120', 'D12.776.124.486.157'], ['A11.251'], ['D03.633.100.473.231.370', 'D23.946.587.370.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.251.210.190.495', 'A11.251.860.180.495', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.440'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['G04.417.350', 'G09.188.665', 'G12.450.564.809', 'G12.688'], ['D12.776.049.407.875', 'D12.776.124.050.730', 'D12.776.395.690']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Strontium ranelate related Stevens-Johnson syndrome: a case report.
|
Strontium ranelate is a relatively new medication with good safety profile for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. However, severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions have been reported, such as drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). We report the case of a 70-year-old woman who developed multiple itching erythematous macules and plaques about 1 month after beginning strontium ranelate medication. The cutaneous lesions progressed over the entire body with severe oral and ocular mucosa involvement. Probable mild SJS was diagnosed, compatible with the pathology findings, and strontium ranelate was discontinued immediately. Systemic methylprednisolone was administered to suppress the overactive immune system and ameliorate cutaneous symptoms. With early recognition and prompt treatment, the patient's prognosis was good.
|
['Aged', 'Bone Density Conservation Agents', 'Drug Eruptions', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal', 'Stevens-Johnson Syndrome', 'Thiophenes']
| 24,687,387
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.696.242'], ['C17.800.174.600', 'C20.543.206.380', 'C25.100.468.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.116.198.579.610', 'C18.452.104.579.610'], ['C07.465.864.500', 'C17.800.174.600.900', 'C17.800.229.400.683', 'C17.800.865.475.683', 'C20.543.206.380.900', 'C25.100.468.380.900'], ['D02.886.778', 'D03.383.903']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Different clinical and neuroimaging features of Japanese dementia siblings with a new N-terminal mutation (Val225Ala) of APP gene.
|
Autosomal dominant amyloid precursor protein (APP) mutations in familial Alzheimer's disease accelerate the amyloid beta (Aâ) pathology. Here we describe Japanese siblings with a new N-terminal mutation (a heterogeneous c.674T>C, p.Val225Ala) of the APP gene, developing a progressive dementia at 57 years and Aâ and tau pathologies in cerebrospinal fluid studies. However, the brother and sister showed different clinical and neuroimaging features, suggesting different Aâ pathologies for each sibling.
|
['Alzheimer Disease', 'Amyloid beta-Peptides', 'Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor', 'Dementia', 'Humans', 'Japan', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mutation', 'Neuroimaging', 'Siblings', 'tau Proteins']
| 31,937,505
|
[['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['D12.644.024', 'D12.776.049.407.249.500', 'D12.776.543.039.500'], ['D12.776.049.407.249', 'D12.776.543.039', 'D12.776.645.468.500', 'D12.776.811.050'], ['C10.228.140.380', 'F03.615.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.590'], ['E01.370.350.578', 'E01.370.376.537', 'E05.629'], ['F01.829.263.500.490', 'I01.880.853.150.500.505', 'M01.781'], ['D12.776.220.600.450.510', 'D12.776.631.560.510']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
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