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P2Y12 receptor inhibitors in patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome in the real world: use, patient selection, and outcomes from contemporary European registries.
|
AIMS: Non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) is present in about 60-70% of patients admitted with acute coronary syndromes in clinical practice. This study provides a 'real-life' overview of NSTE-ACS patient characteristics, dual antiplatelet therapy clinical practice, and outcomes at both the time of discharge from hospital and up to 1-year post-discharge.METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 10 registries (documenting 84 054 NSTE-ACS patients) provided data in a systematic manner on patient characteristics and outcomes for NSTE-ACS in general, and 6 of these (with 52 173 NSTE-ACS patients) also provided more specific data according to P2Y12 receptor inhibitor used. Unadjusted analyses were performed at the study level, and no formal meta-analysis was performed due to large heterogeneity between studies in the settings, patient characteristics, and outcome definitions. All-cause death rates across registries ranged from 0.76 to 4.79% in-hospital, from 1.61 to 6.65% at 30 days, from 3.66 to 7.16% at 180 days, and from 3.14 to 9.73% at 1 year. Major bleeding events were reported in up to 2.77% of patients while in hospital (in seven registries), up to 1.08% at 30 days (data from one registry only), and 2.06% at 1 year (one registry).CONCLUSIONS: There were substantial differences in the use of and patient selection for clopidogrel, prasugrel, and ticagrelor, which were associated with differences in short- and long-term ischaemic and bleeding events. In future registries, data collection should be performed in a more standardized way with respect to endpoints, definitions, and time points.
|
['Acute Coronary Syndrome', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Europe', 'Female', 'Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Ischemia', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Selection', 'Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors', 'Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists', 'Receptors, Purinergic P2Y12', 'Registries', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 27,533,946
|
[['C14.280.647.124', 'C14.907.585.124'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E02.319.310'], ['Z01.542'], ['C23.550.414'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.513'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.581.500.653', 'N04.590.731'], ['D27.505.954.502.780'], ['D27.505.519.625.725.400.200.200', 'D27.505.696.577.725.400.200.200'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.700.720.500.300', 'D12.776.543.750.720.700.720.750.300'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
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|
Characteristics of skin cancers among adult patients in an urban Malaysian population.
|
There has been a rising incidence of skin cancers among Asians in recent years. We present a retrospective analysis of 106 skin cancers and analysed the demography, clinical subtypes of skin cancers and surgical techniques used for skin cancer treatment. In our population, skin cancers were most frequently basal cell carcinomas and diagnosed among ethnic Chinese patients.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Carcinoma, Basal Cell', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Ethnic Groups', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous', 'Malaysia', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Paget Disease, Extramammary', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sarcoma, Kaposi', 'Sex Distribution', 'Skin Neoplasms', 'Urban Population']
| 31,222,718
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C04.557.470.200.165', 'C04.557.470.565.165'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['M01.686.754', 'N01.224.317'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.386.480.750.800', 'C15.604.515.569.480.750.800', 'C20.683.515.761.480.750.800'], ['Z01.252.145.487'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.660', 'C04.557.470.615.660'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C01.925.256.466.860', 'C04.557.450.795.850', 'C04.557.645.750'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882'], ['N01.600.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
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|
Giant middle cerebral artery aneurysm with parent artery occlusion--case report.
|
A 54-year-old female was admitted with consciousness disturbance and right hemiparesis. Computed tomographic (CT) scans and angiograms revealed diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage, a partially thrombosed, giant middle cerebral artery aneurysm (5 x 5 x 4 cm), and occlusion of the parent artery at the aneurysm site. Despite conservative treatment, a generalized convulsion occurred. Emergency CT scans revealed irregular enlargement of the left temporal high-density mass and severe mass effect due to cerebral infarction. Barbiturate coma therapy was administered, but she did not recover and died 9 days after admission. Only two cases of ruptured aneurysm with simultaneous occlusion of the major cerebral vessels have been reported, both with poor outcome. In this case, the mechanism of parent artery occlusion is unclear, but thrombus protrusion from the giant aneurysm into the parent artery may have been involved.
|
['Arterial Occlusive Diseases', 'Cerebral Angiography', 'Cerebral Infarction', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intracranial Aneurysm', 'Middle Aged', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 1,712,921
|
[['C14.907.137'], ['E01.370.350.578.937.180', 'E01.370.350.700.060.180', 'E01.370.350.700.560.180', 'E01.370.370.050.180', 'E01.370.376.537.750.180', 'E05.629.937.180'], ['C10.228.140.300.150.477.200', 'C10.228.140.300.775.200.200', 'C14.907.253.092.477.200', 'C14.907.253.855.200.200', 'C23.550.513.355.250.200', 'C23.550.717.489.250.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.300.510.600', 'C14.907.055.635', 'C14.907.253.560.300'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
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|
Do Canadian prenatal records support evidence-based practices to reduce maternal smoking?
|
OBJECTIVES: Maternal smoking remains the most important modifiable risk factor for adverse perinatal outcomes. Integrating evidence-based screening questions and intervention guides for maternal smoking into standardized prenatal records may improve the identification and treatment of pregnant smokers. This study sought to identify and compare how prenatal records across Canadian provinces and territories currently address the issue of maternal tobacco use.METHODS: Content analysis of prenatal record forms from 11 provinces and territories was used to identify assessment questions and intervention prompts related to maternal smoking or exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. Findings were evaluated in light of current best-practice recommendations for maternal smoking cessation and prevention of relapse.RESULTS: The content of prenatal records related to maternal smoking varies widely among Canadian provinces and territories. Most of the prenatal records surveyed lacked prompts to support key practices for the effective screening and treatment of maternal tobacco dependence, such as providing multiple response options to determine whether the pregnant woman or her partner smokes, monitoring maternal smoking patterns throughout the course of pregnancy, and referring pregnant smokers to specialized resources for smoking cessation.CONCLUSION: Simple changes to Canadian prenatal record forms may lead to improved population-wide screening and counselling of pregnant smokers.
|
['Adult', 'Canada', 'Counseling', 'Evidence-Based Medicine', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Mass Screening', 'Pregnancy', 'Prenatal Care', 'Smoking', 'Smoking Cessation', 'Smoking Prevention']
| 16,768,879
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.107.567.176'], ['F02.784.176', 'F04.408.413', 'N02.421.143.303', 'N02.421.461.363'], ['H02.249.750', 'H02.403.200.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E02.760.786', 'N02.421.143.620.704', 'N02.421.585.786'], ['F01.145.805'], ['F01.145.488.732'], ['I02.233.332.812', 'N02.421.726.407.840']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
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| 1
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|
Muscle weakness following dynamic exercise in humans.
|
Electrical stimulation of the triceps surae in five healthy male subjects showed that following 1-2 h level running and uphill walking, at submaximal voltages of stimulation, exercise enhanced the twitch and tetanic responses, but the supramaximal time to peak tension (TPT), twitch (Pto) and tetanic tensions (Po) at 10 and 20 Hz were reduced by 16 ms (-12.6%), 11 (-8.9%), 163 (-17.5%), and 230 N (-18.1%), respectively. High-frequency (50 and 100 Hz) tetanic stimulation produced qualitatively similar changes to the 20-Hz response, but the stimulus response curve for the two frequencies was different and the ratio of 20- to 50-Hz response (20/50) (cf. Edwards et al., J. Physiol, London 272: 769-778, 1977) was voltage dependent. The reduction in Po at 100 Hz was associated with a decrease in maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). The effects of exercise on Pto and Po at 10, 20, 50, and 100 Hz were short lived and recovered within approximately 2 h. In contrast box-stepping produced a greater fall in Pto and Po at 10 and 20 Hz, which was long lasting (at least (22 h), and there was a consistent fall in the 20/50 ratio. a 2-min "fatigue" test showed that the muscles were weaker but not more fatigable after exercise. Our results seriously question the validity of using submaximal stimulation voltages and ratios for testing human muscle function and suggest that long-lasting muscle weakness is not associated with recovery from prolonged walking, running, and only observed after box-stepping exercise.
|
['Adult', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Electrophysiology', 'Humans', 'Leg', 'Male', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Physical Exertion']
| 7,118,637
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.723.402'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.378.610.500'], ['G11.427.494'], ['G11.427.683']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
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|
[Effects of duodenogastric bile reflux on gastric mucosal hexosamine concentrations after selective proximal vagotomy or extended distal gastrectomy for duodenal ulcer].
|
Effects of duodenogastric reflux (DGR) of bile on hexosamine concentrations in gastric mucosa were studied in 17 healthy controls and 133 patients with duodenal ulcer patients before and after surgery. Total bile acid concentration in gastric juice was measured using enzyme method to estimate DGR. Mucosal hexosamine concentration of the biopsy specimens taken from the gastric corpus and antrum was measured according to Boas's method. The operative procedures included selective proximal vagotomy (SPV) with or without pyloroplasty, and extended distal gastrectomy with Billroth I(BI) or II(BII) anastomosis. The rate of DGR were significantly higher in cases after gastrectomy, especially in BII cases than in cases after SPV. In the early postoperative period after SPV with or without pyloroplasty, DGR was increased significantly. However, the reflux rate was decreased gradually to the preoperative level thereafter, suggesting that normal function of gastric emptying might be recovered with time. The hexosamine concentration of the antral mucosa showed clearly an inverse relationship to the changes in DGR rate. These results suggested that SPV could be the more physiological procedure than gastrectomy from the point of DGR.
|
['Bile Acids and Salts', 'Duodenal Ulcer', 'Duodenogastric Reflux', 'Gastrectomy', 'Gastric Mucosa', 'Hexosamines', 'Humans', 'Vagotomy, Proximal Gastric']
| 3,393,126
|
[['D04.210.500.105'], ['C06.405.469.275.800.348', 'C06.405.748.586.349'], ['C06.405.469.275.700', 'C06.405.748.240'], ['E04.210.419'], ['A03.556.875.875.440', 'A10.615.550.291'], ['D09.067.342'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.525.210.105.600.850.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[The effect of the pH of the external solution on posttetanic hyperpolarization of a denuded nerve].
|
A decrease in pH of the external solution from 7.3 to 5.3 causes an increase in post-tetanic hyperpolarization, while an increase in pH to 9 causes its decrease. The time-course of the hyperpolarization was increased at low pH and reduced at high pH. The possibility of a change in the electrogenicity of the sodium pump induced by changes in pH is discussed.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Transport, Active', 'Cell Membrane Permeability', 'Electrophysiology', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Peripheral Nerves', 'Potassium', 'Sodium']
| 5,687
|
[['B01.050'], ['G03.143.310'], ['G03.143.335', 'G04.175'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['G02.300'], ['A08.800.800'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Study of serial bronchoalveolar lavage in patients with aspergilloma: cell reaction at the affected sites and penetration of miconazole and flucytosine into the lesion].
|
We have performed serial bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) examination in two patients with asperigilloma and compared that of total cell count and cell population with control groups (5 non-smokers, 10 smokers) and other pulmonary infectious diseases: 7 each with mycoplasmal pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis, 6 with bacterial pneumonia, and 5 with chlamydial pneumonia. Miconazole (MCZ) by drip intravenous infusion of 400 mg/day and flucytosine (5-FC) by oral intake of 4.5 to 6.0 g/day were administered to one patient with aspergilloma, and we studied the serum and BALF concentration about 5 hours after administration. The followings results were obtained: 1. In aspergilloma, the cell population of neutrophils in BALF increased compared with control groups (p < 0.01) and other pulmonary infectious disease. 2. The serum and BALF levels of MCZ ranged from 0.1 to 0.3 micrograms/ml, < 0.1 14.4 micrograms/ml, respectively. On the other hand, the serum and BALF levels of 5-FC ranged from < 0.2 to 9.3 micrograms/ml, and < 0.4 to 1.5 micrograms/ml, respectively. From these results, we consider that neutrophils play the main role in the immune host defense in aspergilloma, and the combination of intracavitary infusion of MCZ and oral administration of 5-FC should be the treatment of choice.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aspergillosis', 'Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid', 'Female', 'Flucytosine', 'Humans', 'Infusions, Intravenous', 'Lung Diseases, Fungal', 'Male', 'Miconazole']
| 7,602,184
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C01.150.703.080'], ['E05.927.100.500'], ['D03.383.742.698.421.431'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.082.500', 'E02.319.267.510.590'], ['C01.150.703.534', 'C01.748.435', 'C08.381.472', 'C08.730.435'], ['D03.383.129.308.550']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Health status and return to work in trauma patients at 3 and 6 months post-discharge: an Australian major trauma centre study.
|
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to describe post-discharge outcomes, and determine predictors of 3 and 6 months health status outcomes in a population of trauma patients at an inner city major trauma centre.METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study of adult trauma patients admitted to this hospital with 3 and 6 months post-discharge outcomes assessment. Outcome measures were the Physical Component Scores (PCS) and Mental Component Scores (MCS) of the Short Form 12, EQ-5D, and return to work (in any capacity) if working prior to injury. Repeated measures mixed models and generalised estimating equation models were used to determine predictors of outcomes at 3 and 6 months.RESULTS: One hundred and seventy-nine patients were followed up. Patients with lower limb injuries reported lower mean PCS scores between 3 and 6 months (coefficient -4.21, 95 % CI -7.58, -0.85) than those without lower limb injuries. Patients involved in pedestrian incidents or assaults and those with pre-existing mental health diagnoses reported lower mean MCS scores. In adjusted models upper limb injuries were associated with reduced odds of return to work at 3 and 6 months (OR 0.20, 95 % CI 0.07, 0.57) compared to those without upper limb injuries.DISCUSSION: Predictors of poorer physical health status were lower limb injuries and predictors of mental health were related to the mechanism of injury and past mental health. Increasing injury severity score and upper limb injuries were the only predictors of reduced return to work. The results provide insights into the feasibility of routine post-discharge follow-up at a trauma service level.
|
['Adult', 'Australia', 'Disabled Persons', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Health Status', 'Humans', 'Injury Severity Score', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Discharge', 'Prospective Studies', 'Quality of Life', 'Recovery of Function', 'Return to Work', 'Time Factors', 'Trauma Centers', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Wounds and Injuries']
| 26,260,069
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.639.100', 'Z01.678.100.373'], ['M01.150'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.875.500', 'E05.944.600', 'N04.452.859.564.800.500', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.800.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.169.125', 'E02.760.400.610', 'N02.421.585.169.125', 'N02.421.585.400.610', 'N04.590.233.727.210.125'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['G16.757'], ['I03.946.449', 'N01.824.245.725'], ['G01.910.857'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336.500', 'N02.421.297.195.480', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336.400'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C26']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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|
Roasted Barley Extract (Mugi-cha) Containing Cyclo(d-Phe-l-Pro) Prevents Lowering of the Cutaneous Blood Flow and Skin Temperature under Air Conditioning: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study.
|
Roasted barley extract (RBE), also known as mugi-cha, is a well-known healthy non-caffeinated beverage, and its health functionality has been widely reported. Our previous clinical study showed that RBE affects the cutaneous blood flow and skin temperature after cold-water immersion and that cyclo(d-Phe-l-Pro) is responsible for its effect. In this study, we investigated whether cyclo(d-Phe-l-Pro)-containing RBE prevents the decrease in the cutaneous blood flow and skin temperature. Subjects remained in the air-conditioned room while ingesting RBE or a placebo. We measured the cutaneous blood flow and skin temperature. We evaluated the effect of RBE administration by two-way repeated measures analysis of variance. A total of 15 subjects were enrolled. The change in cutaneous blood flow in the RBE and placebo groups was -0.79 ± 0.38 and -2.03 ± 0.35 mL min-1 100 g-1, respectively ( p value of 0.041). The change in the skin temperature in the RBE and placebo groups was -1.85 ± 0.35 and -3.02 ± 0.30 °C, respectively ( p value of <0.001). We also did subclass analysis with cold-feeling subjects. For the seven subjects who had cold sensation, the change in the cutaneous blood flow in the RBE and placebo groups was -0.48 ± 0.58 and -2.56 ± 0.48 mL min-1 100 g-1, respectively ( p value of 0.008). The change in the skin temperature in the RBE and placebo groups was -1.46 ± 0.74 and -2.89 ± 0.39 °C, respectively ( p value of 0.009). Thus, RBE containing cyclo(d-Phe-l-Pro) prevents the decrease in the cutaneous blood flow and skin temperature under air conditioning.
|
['Adult', 'Air Conditioning', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Dipeptides', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Food Handling', 'Hordeum', 'Hot Temperature', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Peptides, Cyclic', 'Placebos', 'Plant Extracts', 'Skin', 'Skin Temperature']
| 29,792,425
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N06.230.150.050'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['D12.644.456.345'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['J01.576.423.200'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.481'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.345.566', 'D12.644.641'], ['D26.660', 'E02.785'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['A17.815'], ['G07.110.753', 'G13.750.844']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
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| 1
| 0
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|
Reducing post-traumatic anxiety by immunization.
|
Trafficking of T lymphocytes to specific organs, such as the skin and lungs, is part of the body's defense mechanism following acute psychological stress. Here we demonstrate that T lymphocytes are also trafficking to the brain in response to psychological stress and are needed to alleviate its negative behavioral consequences. We show that short exposure of mice to a stressor (predator odor) enhanced T-cell infiltration to the brain, especially to the choroid plexus, and that this infiltration was associated with increased ICAM-1 expression by choroid plexus cells. Systemic administration of corticosterone could mimic the effects of psychological stress on ICAM-1 expression. Furthermore, we found that the ability to cope with this stress is interrelated with T-cell trafficking and with the brain and hippocampal BDNF levels. Immunization with a CNS-related peptide reduced the stress-induced anxiety and the acoustic startle response, and restored levels of BDNF, shown to be important for stress resilience. These results identified T cells as novel players in coping with psychological stress, and offers immunization with a myelin-related peptide as a new therapeutic approach to alleviate chronic consequences of acute psychological trauma, such as those found in posttraumatic stress disorder.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Animals', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents', 'Anxiety', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Brain', 'Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor', 'Choroid Plexus', 'Corticosterone', 'Exploratory Behavior', 'Hippocampus', 'Immunization', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Injections, Subcutaneous', 'Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1', 'Maze Learning', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Reflex, Startle', 'Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic', 'Stress, Psychological', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Vaccines, Subunit']
| 18,562,161
|
[['F01.058'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.158'], ['F01.470.132'], ['F01.145.113'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D12.644.276.860.100', 'D12.776.467.860.100', 'D12.776.631.600.100', 'D23.529.850.100'], ['A08.186.211.140.298'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.237', 'D06.472.040.585.353.237'], ['F01.145.387', 'F01.658.370'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['E02.095.465.425.400', 'E05.478.550', 'N02.421.726.758.310', 'N06.850.780.200.425', 'N06.850.780.680.310'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['E02.319.267.530.620'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.450', 'D12.776.543.550.200.450', 'D23.050.301.350.450'], ['F02.463.425.874.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['E01.370.376.550.650.800', 'E01.370.600.550.650.800', 'F02.830.702.807', 'G11.561.731.869'], ['F03.950.750.500'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['D20.215.894.860']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The Role of Wnt/â-Catenin Signaling Pathway in the Transdifferentiation from Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells to Schwann Cells.
|
This study was aimed to investigate the role of Wnt/â-catenin signaling pathway in the differentiation from periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) to Schwann cells (SCs) and the possible mechanisms. FzB was applied to inhibit the Wnt/â-catenin signaling pathway of differentiated PDLSCs (dPDLSCs), and then immunofluorescence, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and Western blotting analysis were performed to detect SC marker genes and proteins such as S100, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and P75NTR. Results showed that when the Wnt/â-catenin signaling pathway was inhibited, the expression of S100, GFAP, and P75NTR protein significantly decreased in dPDLSCs, p < 0.05, whereas PCR results showed that expression of SC myelinogenesis-related genes krox-20, Oct-6, P0, and PMP-22 was significantly downregulated at the same time, p < 0.05. These results showed that Wnt/â-catenin signaling pathway participated in the differentiation from PDLSCs to SCs, and inhibiting it could inhibit the differentiation process.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Transdifferentiation', 'Dogs', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Myelin Sheath', 'Organogenesis', 'Periodontal Ligament', 'Schwann Cells', 'Signal Transduction', 'Stem Cells', 'Wnt Proteins', 'beta Catenin']
| 29,215,941
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.356'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['G05.308.310'], ['A08.637.600.500', 'A08.637.800.500', 'A08.675.542.512.560', 'A08.800.800.690.500', 'A10.755.503', 'A11.284.149.165.600', 'A11.650.600.500', 'A11.650.800.500', 'A11.671.501.512.560', 'A11.671.514.553'], ['G07.345.500.325.377', 'G08.686.784.170.450'], ['A14.549.167.646.771'], ['A08.637.800', 'A08.800.800.690', 'A11.650.800'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A11.872'], ['D12.776.467.984', 'D23.529.984'], ['D12.776.091.249', 'D12.776.220.145.500', 'D12.776.930.130']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Using discrete choice modelling in priority setting: an application to clinical service developments.
|
Limited resources for health care means that techniques are required to aid the process of priority setting. This paper represents one of the first attempts to use discrete choice modelling (DCM) within the area of priority setting. It is shown how the technique can be used to estimate cost per unit of benefit ratios for competing clinical service developments. Integer programming is proposed as a method to be used, alongside DCM, to help policy makers select the optimal combination of clinical service developments within a given budget. The technique is also shown to be internally valid and internally consistent. It is argued that DCM is a potentially useful technique to be used within the area of priority setting more generally. However, further work is required to address methodological issues around the technique.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Budgets', 'Choice Behavior', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Decision Making, Organizational', 'Decision Support Techniques', 'Evidence-Based Medicine', 'Female', 'Health Care Rationing', 'Health Priorities', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Medical Staff, Hospital', 'Middle Aged', 'Needs Assessment', 'Program Development', 'Regression Analysis', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Scotland', 'State Medicine', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 10,622,695
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['N03.219.463.060'], ['F02.463.785.373.346'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['N04.452.190'], ['E05.245', 'L01.313.500.750.190'], ['H02.249.750', 'H02.403.200.400'], ['I01.261.750.500', 'N03.349.270', 'N05.300.430.375'], ['N03.349.330', 'N05.300.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.526.485.630.490', 'M01.526.485.740.422', 'N02.360.630.490', 'N02.360.740.422'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I02.594', 'N03.349.380.565', 'N05.300.537'], ['N04.452.760'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['Z01.542.363.766'], ['N03.349.550.902', 'N03.858'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Pm37, a new broadly effective powdery mildew resistance gene from Triticum timopheevii.
|
Powdery mildew is an important foliar disease in wheat, especially in areas with a cool or maritime climate. A dominant powdery mildew resistance gene transferred to the hexaploid germplasm line NC99BGTAG11 from T. timopheevii subsp. armeniacum was mapped distally on the long arm of chromosome 7A. Differential reactions were observed between the resistance gene in NC99BGTAG11 and the alleles of the Pm1 locus that is also located on chromosome arm 7AL. Observed segregation in F2:3 lines from the cross NC99BGTAG11xAxminster (Pm1a) demonstrate that germplasm line NC99BGTAG11 carries a novel powdery mildew resistance gene, which is now designated as Pm37. This new gene is highly effective against all powdery mildew isolates tested so far. Analyses of the population with molecular markers indicate that Pm37 is located 16 cM proximal to the Pm1 complex. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers Xgwm332 and Xwmc790 were located 0.5 cM proximal and distal, respectively, to Pm37. In order to identify new markers in the region, wheat expressed sequence tags (ESTs) located in the distal 10% of 7AL that were orthologous to sequences from chromosome 6 of rice were targeted. The two new EST-derived STS markers were located distal to Pm37 and one marker was closely linked to the Pm1a region. These new markers can be used in marker-assisted selection schemes to develop wheat cultivars with pyramids of powdery mildew resistance genes, including combinations of Pm37 in coupling linkage with alleles of the Pm1 locus.
|
['Acrylic Resins', 'Alleles', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Chromosomes, Plant', 'Expressed Sequence Tags', 'Genes, Plant', 'Genetic Markers', 'Genotype', 'Immunity, Innate', 'Physical Chromosome Mapping', 'Plant Diseases', 'Sequence Tagged Sites', 'Triticum']
| 18,092,148
|
[['D05.750.716.822.111', 'D25.720.716.822.111', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.111'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['E05.393.183'], ['A11.284.187.560', 'A18.005', 'G05.360.162.560'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.275'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.393', 'G05.360.340.365.500'], ['D23.101.387', 'G05.695.450'], ['G05.380'], ['G12.450.564'], ['E05.393.183.620'], ['G15.610'], ['G05.360.340.024.810'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.918']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Plasma exchange in the treatment of severe, childhood onset systemic lupus erythematosus.
|
Plasma exchange was used in the treatment of a 10-year-old girl with acute systemic lupus erythematosus. The patient was in a life-threatening condition, and treatment with high dose corticosteroids did not control the disease. The patient's condition improved dramatically during the second day of plasma exchange therapy. It also appeared to have a long-lasting effect in combination with immunosuppressive drugs. This is, to our knowledge, the first report of plasma exchange in a child with systemic lupus erythematosus.
|
['Child', 'Electroencephalography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic', 'Plasma Exchange']
| 7,136,647
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C17.300.480', 'C20.111.590'], ['E02.095.135.750', 'E02.120.770.500', 'E02.912.715.500', 'E04.292.869.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Technology Part III: exploiting the opportunities.
|
This is the third article in a three-part series about technology and its impact on healthcare systems and the business of health care. The first article highlighted the use of the Internet. The second article explored new technologies that are changing clinical health care and creating new opportunities for healthcare providers. This article will explain how systems and providers plan to successfully exploit technology.
|
['Complementary Therapies', 'Delivery of Health Care', 'Efficiency, Organizational', 'Health Maintenance Organizations', 'Internet', 'Marketing of Health Services', 'Medical Laboratory Science']
| 10,977,417
|
[['E02.190'], ['N04.590.374', 'N05.300'], ['N04.452.209.500'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.800.400', 'N03.219.521.576.343.925.400', 'N04.452.758.244.425', 'N04.590.374.410.400'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['J01.219.687.550', 'N03.219.463.548', 'N05.300.430.500'], ['H02.010.450', 'J01.897.480']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The 45 pocket of HLA-A2.1 plays a role in presentation of influenza virus matrix peptide and alloantigens.
|
Amino acid substitutions were introduced into the 45 pocket of HLA-A2.1 to determine the potential role of this structurally defined feature of class I molecules in viral peptide and alloantigen presentation. The 45 pocket lies below the alpha 1-domain alpha-helix and is composed of five amino acids, three of which differ between HLA-A2.1 and HLA-B37. These two class I molecules have previously been shown to have largely non-overlapping peptide-binding specificities. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to replace the hydrophobic residues at positions 24, 45, and 67 in the 45 pocket of HLA-A2.1 with the hydrophilic amino acids found in these positions in HLA-B37. Thus, three single amino acid mutants were produced: 24A----S, 45 M----T, and 67V----S. These mutants were transfected into HMy2.C1R cells and assessed for their ability to present influenza virus matrix M1 57-68 peptide and HTLV-I Tax-1 2-25 peptide to HLA-A2.1-restricted, peptide-specific CTL and to present alloantigens to HLA-A2-allospecific CTL lines. Each of these substitutions in the 45 pocket produced a molecule that failed to present the M1 peptide to most M1 peptide-specific CTL lines. In contrast, none of these mutations affected presentation of the Tax-1 peptide to Tax-1-specific CTL lines, which indicates that these mutant HLA-A2 molecules can function in viral peptide presentation. Two of the three substitutions in the 45 pocket resulted in lack of recognition by a subset of HLA-A2 allospecific CTL lines. These results demonstrate that the amino acid side chains in the 45 pocket can strongly influence peptide presentation and suggest that the 45 pocket may play a role in determining peptide-binding specificity.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Gene Products, tax', 'HLA-A Antigens', 'Humans', 'Influenza A virus', 'Isoantigens', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic', 'Transfection', 'Viral Matrix Proteins']
| 2,026,879
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D12.776.624.664.520.750.480', 'D12.776.964.700.750.480', 'D12.776.964.775.750.480', 'D12.776.964.925.984.410'], ['D12.776.395.550.489.400', 'D12.776.543.550.439.400', 'D23.050.301.500.100.400', 'D23.050.301.500.450.370', 'D23.050.705.552.100.400', 'D23.050.705.552.450.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B04.820.480.968.405.400'], ['D23.050.705'], ['E05.599.595'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['A11.118.637.555.283.875', 'A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.283.875', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.283.875', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.200'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['D12.776.964.970.880.940']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Yi Qi Qing Re Gao formula ameliorates puromycin aminonucleoside-induced nephrosis by suppressing inflammation and apoptosis.
|
BACKGROUND: Yi Qi Qing Re Gao (YQQRG) formula is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine used to treat chronic nephritis. This study was designed to evaluate the underlying mechanism in the use of YQQRG formula to treat nephrosis induced by puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN).METHODS: Thirty-six male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups of 12 rats each: a sham group, a vehicle-treated PAN model group (PAN), and a group treated with YQQRG (PAN + YQQRG). The PAN model was established by a single intravenous injection of PAN at a dose of 40 mg/kg body weight; rats in the sham group received the same volume of saline. Twenty-four hour urinary protein was measured 0, 3, 5, 10, and 15 days after the injection. The rats were sacrificed on day 10 and day 15 and the serum lipid profile examined. The renal cortex of each rat was stained with periodic acid-Schiff reagent and the pathologic alterations and ultrastructural changes were examined by transmission electron microscopy. In situ cell apoptosis was detected by a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated uridine 5'-triphosphate-biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay. Transcriptive levels of inflammatory markers and molecules associated with apoptosis were detected by a real-time polymerase chain reaction and expression of proteins was examined by either immunohistochemistry or Western blot analysis.RESULTS: YQQRG significantly decreased urinary protein level, and lowered serum lipid level. YQQRG also attenuated histologic lesions in the rat kidneys. Activation of inflammatory markers was largely restored by the administration of YQQRG. TUNEL assay showed that YQQRG decreased the number of apoptotic cells. Both mRNA and protein levels of caspase-3 were significantly reduced in the group treated with YQQRG, whereas expression of the Bcl-2 protein increased in the YQQRG group.CONCLUSIONS: YQQRG alleviated kidney injury in PAN-treated rats, possibly through anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents', 'Apoptosis', 'Caspase 3', 'Drugs, Chinese Herbal', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Inflammation', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Electron, Transmission', 'Nephritis', 'Nephrosis', 'Phytotherapy', 'Puromycin Aminonucleoside', 'Qi', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction']
| 26,014,479
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.158'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126.350.300', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126.350.300', 'D12.644.360.075.405.350.300', 'D12.776.476.075.405.350.300'], ['D20.215.784.500.350', 'D26.335'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['C23.550.470'], ['A05.810.453'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.580', 'E05.595.402.580'], ['C12.777.419.570', 'C13.351.968.419.570'], ['C12.777.419.630', 'C13.351.968.419.630'], ['E02.190.755'], ['D02.241.223.200.380.650', 'D03.633.100.759.590.138.325.800', 'D03.633.100.759.590.138.711.650', 'D09.408.051.788.650', 'D13.570.230.229.650', 'D13.570.583.138.325.800', 'D13.570.583.138.711.650'], ['I01.076.201.450.654.558.520.300', 'K01.752.730'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['E05.393.620.500.706']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dilator and constrictor response of renal vasculature during acute renal hypotension in anesthetized goats. Role of nitric oxide.
|
The relative role of NO derived from endothelium NO synthase (eNOS) and neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) in renovascular reactivity during renal hypotension is unknown. To examine this issue, we recorded the effects of unspecific inhibitor of NO synthase N(w)-nitro-L-arginine methyl esther (L-NAME) and inhibitor of nNOS 7-nitroindazole monosodium salt (7-NINA) on renal vasodilator and vasoconstrictor responses in anesthetized goats during renal hypotension by constricting the abdominal aorta. Intrarenal administration of L-NAME and hypotension, either untreated or treated with L-NAME, decreased resting renal blood flow, and the increases in renal blood flow by acetylcholine but not those by sodium nitroprusside were tempered, and the decreases by norepinephrine and angiotensin II were augmented. Intraperitoneal administration of 7-NINA did not affect, and 7-NINA+hypotension decreased renal blood flow, and under these conditions the increases in renal blood flow by acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside were not modified, and the decreases by norepinephrine and angiotensin II were slightly (during 7-NINA) or consistently augmented (7-NINA+hypotension). Therefore, NO derived from eNOS plays a significant role, while that derived from nNOS plays a little role, if any, to regulate renal blood flow and to mediate acetylcholine-induced vasodilation, as well to modulate renal vasoconstriction by norepinephrine and angiotensin II.
|
['Acetylcholine', 'Animals', 'Aorta, Abdominal', 'Female', 'Goats', 'Hypotension', 'Indazoles', 'Kidney', 'NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III', 'Nitroprusside', 'Renal Artery', 'Vasoconstriction', 'Vasodilation']
| 21,571,096
|
[['D02.092.211.111'], ['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056.205'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.513'], ['C14.907.514'], ['D03.383.129.539.487', 'D03.633.100.449'], ['A05.810.453'], ['D12.125.068.050.525', 'D12.125.095.104.525'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772.249'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772.750'], ['D01.248.497.158.291.350.550', 'D01.490.100.300.550', 'D01.625.400.100.325.550'], ['A07.015.114.745'], ['G09.330.380.925'], ['G09.330.380.928']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Immunomodulation in the treatment of malignant disorders.
|
In this study, 91 patients with metastatic solid tumor were treated with an immunomodulatory regimen of interferons -a and -g as well as octreide in pulse administration, followed in selected patients by low dose perilymphatic administration of interleukin-2. Pharmacosensitivity studies of patient tumor directed concomitant chemotherapy. High levels of circulating interferon-a (> 50 IU/ml) and the presence of lymphokine inhibitor factor were identified prior to treatment. None of the patients was able to produce autologous interferon. All patients had been previously treated with surgery and/or radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy. Patients had also received second line chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy per current protocols. At 30 days following immunomodulatory therapy, 6/91 patients were in complete remission; 12/91 were in partial remission; six patients progressed. At 180 days, with concomitant stem cell assay directed chemotherapy, 24/91 patients were in complete remission; 36/91 demonstrated a partial remission. Six patients progressed. Responders demonstrated a fall in circulating interferon levels as well as lymphokine inhibitor factor concomitantly with reduction in tumor burden. NK cell activity increased. Marrow studies demonstrated rises in granulocyte and thrombocyte stem cell activity. Macrophage activity also increased. The rationale for the approach is discussed.
|
['Drug Administration Schedule', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunotherapy', 'Interferons', 'Interleukin-2', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms', 'Octreotide']
| 7,508,679
|
[['E02.319.283'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.465.425'], ['D12.644.276.374.440', 'D12.776.467.374.440', 'D23.529.374.440'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.021', 'D12.644.276.374.480.372', 'D12.776.467.374.465.021', 'D12.776.467.374.480.372', 'D23.529.374.465.155', 'D23.529.374.480.372'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04'], ['D04.345.566.650', 'D12.644.641.650']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Primary repair of colon injuries: clinical study of nonselective approach.
|
BACKGROUND: This study was designed to determine the role of primary repair and to investigate the possibility of expanding indications for primary repair of colon injuries using nonselective approach.METHODS: Two groups of patients were analyzed. Retrospective (RS) group included 30 patients managed by primary repair or two stage surgical procedure according to criteria published by Stone (S/F) and Flint (Fl). In this group 18 patients were managed by primary repair. Prospective (PR) group included 33 patients with primary repair as a first choice procedure. In this group, primary repair was performed in 30 cases.RESULTS: Groups were comparable regarding age, sex, and indexes of trauma severity. Time between injury and surgery was shorter in PR group, (1.3 vs. 3.1 hours). Stab wounds were more frequent in PR group (9:2), and iatrogenic lesions in RS group (6:2). Associated injuries were similar, as well as segmental distribution of colon injuries. S/F criteria and Flint grading were similar.In RS group 15 primary repairs were successful, while in two cases relaparotomy and colostomy was performed due to anastomotic leakage. One patient died. In PR group, 25 primary repairs were successful, with 2 immediate and 3 postoperative (7-10 days) deaths, with no evidence of anastomotic leakage.CONCLUSIONS: Results of this study justify more liberal use of primary repair in early management of colon injuries.TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN94682396.
|
['Adult', 'Colon', 'Digestive System Surgical Procedures', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prospective Studies', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Trauma Severity Indices', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Wounds, Penetrating', 'Young Adult']
| 21,126,337
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A03.556.124.526.356', 'A03.556.249.249.356'], ['E04.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.875', 'E05.944', 'N04.452.859.564.800', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.800', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968.875'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C26.986'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The dietary therapy of diabetes.
|
The basis of different diets for insulin dependent and maturity onset obese diabetics is discussed. The results achieved by strict calorie control in obese diabetics are compared with those in a group of patients with simple obesity and shown to be superior. The value of very low carbohydrate lager is assessed. It is concluded (a) that there is no case for severe carbohydrate restriction in diabetic diets unless there is a need for total calorie restriction and (b) 'Diet' low carbohydrate lager offers no particular advantages over ordinary lager in the diabetic diet.
|
['Alcoholic Beverages', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Diet, Diabetic', 'Dietary Carbohydrates', 'Humans', 'Obesity']
| 482,194
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
External and computed tomography analysis of a strophocephalic lamb.
|
CONTEXT: The Museum of Anatomy and Embryology Louis Deroubaix attached to the Laboratory of Anatomy, Biomecanics and Organogenesis, ULB, Brussels, possesses in its liquid collections a cephalic extremity of a lamb suffering from strophocephaly. The origins have not been determined. The trunk and the limbs are resected.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The piece has been studied and photographed. A volumic computed tomography acquisition has been performed with a Siemens Volume Zoom. For pedagogic and museological purposes, surface reconstructions and 3D printing have been obtained.RESULTS: An otocephaly is observed. Both ears are located in place of the oral cavity. The mandible is welded to the braincase. The eyeballs are close together (synophtalmia) which confirms the presence of a cyclotocephaly. They are surmounted by a rudimentary snout rather than a proboscis. The presence of this muzzle allows the anomaly to be classified as a strophocephaly, a malformation already described in sheeps. CT slices of the brain show a semi-lobar holoprosencephaly with incomplete division of the cerebral hemispheres and ventricules.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The CT examination allows the facial anomalies to be allocated to a holoprosencephaly. The singularity of this case, compared to the human cyclotocephalies, is the presence of a differentiated muzzle rather than a simple proboscis. The holoprosencephaly is uncomplete. Such anomalies have been associated with an entire absence of cerebral differentiation but with a complete absence of the muzzle. The tridimensional printing represents an interesting educational tool easily transportable in contrast to the original specimen.
|
['Animals', 'Craniofacial Abnormalities', 'Head', 'Holoprosencephaly', 'Sheep', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 30,853,367
|
[['B01.050'], ['C05.660.207', 'C16.131.621.207'], ['A01.456'], ['C05.660.207.410', 'C10.500.034.875', 'C16.131.077.410', 'C16.131.260.380', 'C16.131.621.207.410', 'C16.131.666.034.875', 'C16.320.180.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Characterization of protein kinase chk1 essential for the cell cycle checkpoint after exposure of human head and neck carcinoma A253 cells to a novel topoisomerase I inhibitor BNP1350.
|
Cellular topoisomerase I is an important target in cancer chemotherapy. A novel karenitecin, BNP1350, is a topoisomerase I-targeting anticancer agent with significant antitumor activity against human head and neck carcinoma A253 cells in vitro. As a basis for future clinical trials of BNP1350 in human head and neck carcinoma, in vitro studies were carried out to investigate its effect on DNA damage and cell cycle checkpoint response. The treatment of A253 cells with BNP1350 caused biphasic profiles of DNA fragmentation displayed from 0 to 48 h after 2-h exposure. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis demonstrated that the first wave of DNA damage was mainly megabase DNA fragmentation, but the second wave of DNA damage was 50- to 300-kb DNA fragmentation in addition to megabase DNA damage. The cell cycle checkpoint response was characterized after exposure to 0.07 and 0.7 microM concentrations of BNP1350, the IC(50) and IC(90) values, respectively. After exposure to a low concentration of BNP1350 (IC(50)), A253 cells accumulated primarily in G(2) phase. In contrast, treatment with a high concentration of BNP1350 (IC(90)) resulted in S phase accumulation. The concentration-associated cell cycle perturbation by BNP1350 was correlated with different profiles of cell cycle-regulatory protein expression. When treated with the low concentration of BNP1350, cyclin B/cdc2 protein expression was up-regulated, whereas with the high concentration, no significant change was observed at 24 and 48 h. In addition, increased phosphorylation of a G(2) checkpoint kinase chk1 was observed when cells were treated with a low concentration of BNP1350, whereas only slight inhibition of chk1 activity was found in the cells treated with the higher concentration. Altered chk1 phosphorylation after DNA damage appears to be associated with specific phases of cell cycle arrest induced by BNP1350. Because A253 cells do not express the p53 protein, the drug-induced alterations of the G(2) checkpoint kinase chk1 are not p53-dependent.
|
['CDC2 Protein Kinase', 'Camptothecin', 'Cell Cycle', 'Cell Cycle Proteins', 'Cell Division', 'Checkpoint Kinase 1', 'Cyclin B', 'DNA Fragmentation', 'DNA Topoisomerases, Type I', 'Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field', 'Head and Neck Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Kinases', 'Topoisomerase I Inhibitors', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 10,692,484
|
[['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.500.500.250', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.500.984.500', 'D12.644.360.250.067.249', 'D12.644.360.250.580.500', 'D12.776.167.200.067.249', 'D12.776.167.200.580.500', 'D12.776.476.250.067.249', 'D12.776.476.250.580.500', 'D12.776.744.360'], ['D03.132.151'], ['G04.144'], ['D12.776.167'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.143'], ['D12.644.360.262.120', 'D12.776.167.218.120', 'D12.776.476.262.120'], ['G05.200.230'], ['D08.811.399.403.483', 'D12.776.157.687.375', 'D12.776.660.720.375'], ['E05.196.401.220', 'E05.301.300.220'], ['C04.588.443'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682'], ['D27.505.519.389.892.500', 'D27.505.954.248.794.500'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Risk of death or acute myocardial infarction 10 years after coronary artery bypass surgery in relation to type of diabetes.
|
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the long-term risk of death or acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) compared with that in patients without DM after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).METHODS: National registers were used to record death or AMI occurring in 6727 patients who had CABG during 1980 to 1995. Diabetes mellitus in 856 patients (13%) was classified as type 1 (6%) or type 2 treated with insulin (29%), oral drugs (46%), or diet (19%).RESULTS: The risk of death < or = 30 days of the operation was increased in patients with insulin-treated type 2 DM (odds ratio [OR] 4.6, 95% CI 2.5-8.4) and in those on oral antidiabetic drugs (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.0-3.8), but not in diet-treated diabetic patients, compared with that in patients without diabetes. At 10 years, the relative risk of death or having an AMI was 1.8 (95% CI 1.5-2.2) in insulin-treated patients and 1.4 (95% CI 1.2-1.7) in patients on oral drugs. No increased risk of late death or AMI was observed in diet-treated patients with diabetes compared with patients without diabetes. Survival at 10 years without an AMI was 40% in insulin-treated type 2 diabetic patients, 48% if on oral drugs, and 59% if diet managed, compared with 66% in nondiabetic patients.CONCLUSION: Type 2 DM requiring insulin treatment or oral antidiabetic drugs is associated with an increased early and long-term risk of death or AMI after CABG, whereas diet-treated patients have a risk similar to that in patients without diabetes.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cause of Death', 'Coronary Artery Bypass', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Registries', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors']
| 16,923,437
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.250', 'N01.224.935.698.100', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.250', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.250'], ['E04.100.376.719.332', 'E04.100.814.868.750', 'E04.928.220.520.220'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Infection prevention in Dutch hospitals; results say more than process indicators].
|
The Dutch Health Care Inspectorate investigated the preparedness of Dutch hospitals for the emergence of antibiotic resistance, and concluded that hospitals are not well prepared and are insufficiently aware that infection prevention is a prerequisite for patient safety. These conclusions are based on observations of process indicators of current practice guidelines, without including the available outcome indicators that demonstrate the persistently low incidence of infections with antibiotic resistant bacteria in Dutch hospitals. The conclusions may have negative effects on the quality of infection prevention in Dutch hospitals. Therefore, it is advisable to use outcome indicators rather than process indicators to evaluate the quality of infection prevention.
|
['Cross Infection', 'Delivery of Health Care', 'Drug Resistance, Bacterial', 'Hospitals', 'Humans', 'Quality of Health Care']
| 24,594,133
|
[['C01.248', 'C23.550.291.875.500'], ['N04.590.374', 'N05.300'], ['G06.099.225', 'G06.225.347', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347'], ['N02.278.421'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N04.761', 'N05.715']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Daily rhythmic expression patterns of clock1a, bmal1, and per1 genes in retina and hypothalamus of the rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.
|
Living organisms show daily rhythms in physiology, behavior, and gene expression, which are due to the presence of endogenous clocks that synchronize biological processes to the 24-h light/dark cycle. In metazoans, generation of circadian rhythmicity is a consequence of specialized tissues known as "master clocks," having different locations among species. A few studies have described clock-gene expression in fish neural tissues, but none of them assessed clock-gene expression in different discrete regions. The present study was designed to explore the presence/absence of circadian clock-gene expression in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) retina and hypothalamus. Juvenile fish were acclimated to a 12:12 light (L)-dark (D) cycle. Then, retina and hypothalamus were collected from animals kept under LD conditions or constant darkness (DD) for 24 h. Real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays were performed to quantify expression of the core circadian genes Clock1a, Bmal1, and Per1 as representative members of the circadian oscillator. All clock genes analyzed in the retina and hypothalamus showed circadian fluctuations. However, gene expression peaked in the rainbow trout hypothalamus with a 3-h (Clock1a and Bmal1) or 6-h (Per1) delay relative to that observed in the retina, the latter showing highest expression levels at zeitgeber times 9 (ZT9) for Clock1a and Bmal1, and at ZT21 for Per1. When exposed to DD, the rhythmic gene expression pattern was maintained for all genes in the rainbow trout retina, but only for Clock1a and Per1 in the hypothalamus. Bmal1 failed to cycle under DD, suggesting that hypothalamic clock function might depend on either several clock-gene isoforms or regulation from external inputs. Overall, these data indicate that representative molecular members of the core circadian clock are present in both the retina and hypothalamus of rainbow trout.
|
['ARNTL Transcription Factors', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'CLOCK Proteins', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Hypothalamus', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Oncorhynchus mykiss', 'Period Circadian Proteins', 'Retina']
| 21,721,853
|
[['D12.644.360.138.049', 'D12.776.260.103.249', 'D12.776.476.156.100', 'D12.776.930.125.249'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D08.811.913.050.134.415.500.049', 'D12.644.360.138.100', 'D12.776.260.103.562', 'D12.776.476.156.200', 'D12.776.930.125.562'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['G05.308'], ['A08.186.211.180.497', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.817.750.825.580.600'], ['D12.644.360.138.575', 'D12.776.157.530.750.687', 'D12.776.476.156.625', 'D12.776.543.585.750.687'], ['A09.371.729']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Acquired distance esotropia associated with myopia.
|
BACKGROUND: Von Graefe (1864)(1) and Bielschowsky (1922)(2) described acquired progressive esotropia, with typically a larger angle for distance than near, associated with moderate myopia. This is unlike the esotropia seen in patients with high myopia.METHODS: We reviewed our patient records, finding 26 cases: 14 were female, 12 male. Age range at first presentation was 37-74 with a mean of 55.5. The myopia was from -0.75 to -10.00, with a mean of -5.50 in each eye. Eighteen patients mostly wore glasses, eight mainly wore contact lenses. All complained of horizontal diplopia. Seventeen (65%) had been treated with prisms with a gradual increase in power.RESULTS: Six patients (23%) continued with prisms although surgery has been offered in three cases. Seven patients (27%) had botulinum toxin to one medial rectus muscle. In two cases this proved to be successful maintenance therapy, the remaining five have gone on to have surgery. Seventeen (65%) have undergone surgery (mainly unilateral medial rectus recession and lateral rectus resection) with relief of diplopia and discarding of prisms. Three patients required further surgery for a recurrence after 10-12 years and another is using prisms for a recurrence after 11 years. One patient has suffered an early recurrence 6 months following surgery and is having his neurological work-up repeated.CONCLUSION: This unusual sub-type of strabismus is a benign entity, which responds well to prism correction or surgery in cases who wish to wear contact lenses or whose prisms become inconveniently strong.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Botulinum Toxins, Type A', 'Diplopia', 'Esotropia', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myopia', 'Neuromuscular Agents', 'Oculomotor Muscles']
| 15,370,522
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.153.100', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.153.100', 'D12.776.097.156.100', 'D23.946.123.179.050'], ['C10.597.751.941.339', 'C11.966.339', 'C23.888.592.763.941.339'], ['C10.292.562.887.300', 'C11.590.810.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C11.744.636'], ['D27.505.696.663.700'], ['A02.633.567.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Bioinformatics characterization of envelope glycoprotein from Kyasanur Forest disease virus.
|
Background & objectives: Kyasanur Forest disease (KFD) is a febrile illness characterized by haemorrhages and caused by KFD virus (KFDV), which belongs to the Flaviviridae family. It is reported to be an endemic disease in Shimoga district of Karnataka State, India, especially in forested and adjoining areas. Several outbreaks have been reported in newer areas, which raised queries regarding the changing nature of structural proteins if any. The objective of the study was to investigate amino acid composition and antigenic variability if any, among the envelope glycoprotein (E-proteins) from old and new strains of KFDV.Methods: Bioinformatic tools and techniques were used to predict B-cell epitopes and three-dimensional structures and to compare envelope glycoprotein (E-proteins) between the old strains of KFDV and those from emerging outbreaks till 2015.Results: The strain from recent outbreak in Thirthahalli, Karnataka State (2014), was similar to the older strain of KFDV (99.2%). Although mutations existed in strains from 2015 in Kerala KFD sequences, these did not alter the epitopes.Interpretation & conclusions: The study revealed that though mutations existed, there were no drastic changes in the structure or antigenicity of the E-proteins from recent outbreaks. Hence, no correlation could be established between the mutations and detection in new geographical areas. It seems that KFDV must be present earlier also in many States and due to availability of testing system and alertness coming into notice now.
|
['Computational Biology', 'Disease Outbreaks', 'Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne', 'Endemic Diseases', 'Glycoproteins', 'Humans', 'India', 'Kyasanur Forest Disease', 'Viral Envelope Proteins']
| 29,806,609
|
[['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['N06.850.290'], ['B04.820.230.511', 'B04.820.578.344.350.350'], ['N06.850.392'], ['D09.400.430', 'D12.776.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['C01.920.930.475', 'C01.925.081.656', 'C01.925.782.350.250.635', 'C01.925.782.417.475'], ['D09.400.430.968', 'D12.776.395.550.993', 'D12.776.543.550.993', 'D12.776.964.970.880']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Disruption of CXCR2-mediated MDSC tumor trafficking enhances anti-PD1 efficacy.
|
Suppression of the host's immune system plays a major role in cancer progression. Tumor signaling of programmed death 1 (PD1) on T cells and expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are major mechanisms of tumor immune escape. We sought to target these pathways in rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), the most common soft tissue sarcoma of childhood. Murine RMS showed high surface expression of PD-L1, and anti-PD1 prevented tumor growth if initiated early after tumor inoculation; however, delayed anti-PD1 had limited benefit. RMS induced robust expansion of CXCR2(+)CD11b(+)Ly6G(hi) MDSCs, and CXCR2 deficiency prevented CD11b(+)Ly6G(hi) MDSC trafficking to the tumor. When tumor trafficking of MDSCs was inhibited by CXCR2 deficiency, or after anti-CXCR2 monoclonal antibody therapy, delayed anti-PD1 treatment induced significant antitumor effects. Thus, CXCR2(+)CD11b(+)Ly6G(hi) MDSCs mediate local immunosuppression, which limits the efficacy of checkpoint blockade in murine RMS. Human pediatric sarcomas also produce CXCR2 ligands, including CXCL8. Patients with metastatic pediatric sarcomas display elevated serum CXCR2 ligands, and elevated CXCL8 is associated with diminished survival in this population. We conclude that accumulation of MDSCs in the tumor bed limits the efficacy of checkpoint blockade in cancer. We also identify CXCR2 as a novel target for modulating tumor immune escape and present evidence that CXCR2(+)CD11b(+)Ly6G(hi) MDSCs are an important suppressive myeloid subset in pediatric sarcomas. These findings present a translatable strategy to improve the efficacy of checkpoint blockade by preventing trafficking of MDSCs to the tumor site.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antigens, Ly', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'B7-H1 Antigen', 'CD11b Antigen', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Chemokine CXCL1', 'Chemotaxis', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cytokines', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-8', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Neoplastic Stem Cells', 'Prognosis', 'Receptors, Interleukin-8B', 'Rhabdomyosarcoma', 'Time Factors', 'Tumor Burden', 'Tumor Escape', 'Tumor Microenvironment', 'Young Adult']
| 24,848,257
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D23.050.301.264.920', 'D23.101.100.920'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['D12.776.465.625', 'D12.776.467.150.300', 'D12.776.543.095.300', 'D23.050.301.285.400', 'D23.529.168.300'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.074.750', 'D12.776.543.550.200.093.750', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.100.150', 'D12.776.543.750.705.833.062', 'D23.050.301.350.074.049'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.120.050', 'D12.776.467.374.200.120.050', 'D12.776.624.664.700.049', 'D23.125.300.120.050', 'D23.469.200.120.050', 'D23.529.374.200.120.050'], ['F01.145.113.780.500', 'F01.145.875.439.500.500', 'G04.198.424', 'G07.568.500.590.500', 'G11.427.410.568.850.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.120.800', 'D12.644.276.374.465.312', 'D12.776.467.374.200.120.800', 'D12.776.467.374.465.246', 'D23.125.300.120.800', 'D23.469.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.465.312'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['A11.872.650'], ['E01.789'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.160.500.750.750', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.125.500.750.750', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.420.421.750'], ['C04.557.450.590.550.660', 'C04.557.450.795.550.660'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E05.041.124.892'], ['G12.900'], ['G04.366.500'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[A prospective trial of hemodilution therapy in acute cerebral infarction].
|
Ninety two 50-year-old-or-more patients with acute (less than 72 hours) cerebral infarction involved middle cerebral artery region and hematocrit of 40% or more were prospectively randomised to either hemodilution group (by rapid venesection, venous infusion of autologous plasma and 500 ml dextran 40) or standard therapy group. Effects of hemodilution on acute cerebral infarction were evaluated by clinically neurological deficit scores, hemorheological parameters and size of infarction. The results of our clinical trial are: 1. Clinical efficacy of hemodiluted patients is significantly superior to that of standard treatment patients. Effective rates are 63.04% and 41.30% respectively (P less than 0.05). 2. At 48th hour after hemodilution there are profound decreases in hematocrit, blood viscosity at high shear rate and blood viscosity at low shear rate. These changes last more than four weeks. Whereas in standard group, hemorheological parameters do not evidently change. 3. Sizes of cerebral infarction do not distinctly change in both groups between at entry and at the fourth weekend after treatment.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Aged', 'Blood Viscosity', 'Bloodletting', 'Cerebral Infarction', 'Dextrans', 'Female', 'Hematocrit', 'Hemodilution', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Plasmapheresis', 'Prospective Studies']
| 1,382,927
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G09.188.370.124', 'G09.330.380.630.110'], ['E02.800.558.500'], ['C10.228.140.300.150.477.200', 'C10.228.140.300.775.200.200', 'C14.907.253.092.477.200', 'C14.907.253.855.200.200', 'C23.550.513.355.250.200', 'C23.550.717.489.250.200'], ['D05.750.078.562.272', 'D09.698.365.272'], ['E01.370.225.625.400', 'E05.200.625.400', 'G09.188.370.374'], ['E02.514'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.120.770', 'E02.912.715', 'E04.292.869'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Managing variations from surgical care plans: challenges for coordination.
|
INTRODUCTION: In surgical work there is a need for 'continuous planning' among staff to handle the frequently occurring variations from the planned patient treatment. In this paper, we present how three hospital information systems have support for three common patient trajectory variations.PURPOSE: Highlight how deviations from a plan cause different information needs and implications for design of awareness supporting computer systems.METHODS: Participant observations and semi-structured interviews with stakeholders involved in peri-operative work.RESULTS: When trajectories progress according to plan, information needs of staff seem to be minimal, as everything is "running to plan". However, when variations occur the information need increases. In order to provide better support for variations, awareness-support systems need to inform colleagues and other stakeholders about deviations from the plan. Plans and trajectories also need to be connected by projecting estimations of incidental time of ongoing relevant events. Additionally, end-users should have the option to switch between information-sparse and information-rich computer support.
|
['Computer Systems', 'Delivery of Health Care', 'Health Services Needs and Demand', 'Hospital Information Systems', 'Humans', 'Interdisciplinary Communication', 'Patient Care Planning', 'Surgical Procedures, Operative']
| 22,975,017
|
[['L01.224.230'], ['N04.590.374', 'N05.300'], ['N03.349.380.420', 'N05.300.450'], ['N04.452.442.452.452', 'N04.452.515.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401.205.249', 'L01.143.865.500'], ['N04.590.233.624'], ['E04']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Stress and reward: long term cortisol exposure predicts the strength of sexual preference.
|
Healthy individuals tend to consume available rewards like food and sex. This tendency is attenuated or amplified in most stress-related psychiatric conditions, so we asked if it depends on endogenous levels of the 'canonical stress hormone' cortisol. We unobtrusively quantified how hard healthy heterosexual men would work to consume erotic images of women versus men and also measured their exposure to endogenous cortisol in the prior two months. We used linear models to predict the strength of sexual preference from cortisol level, after accounting for other potential explanations. Heterosexual preference declines with self-reported anhedonia but increases with long term exposure to endogenous cortisol. These results suggest that cortisol may affect reward-related behavior in healthy adults.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anhedonia', 'Hair', 'Humans', 'Hydrocortisone', 'Linear Models', 'Male', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Reward', 'Sexual Behavior', 'Visual Perception', 'Young Adult']
| 24,732,415
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C10.597.606.057', 'C23.888.592.604.039', 'F01.700.039'], ['A17.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.600', 'D06.472.040.585.353.476', 'D06.472.040.585.478.392'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['F04.711.513'], ['E05.723.729'], ['F02.463.425.770.836'], ['F01.145.802'], ['F02.463.593.932'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Mimotopes of mutalysin-II from Lachesis muta snake venom induce hemorrhage inhibitory antibodies upon vaccination of rabbits.
|
Mutalysin-II (mut-II) from Lachesis muta snake venom is an endopeptidase with hemorrhagic activity. A mAb against mutalysin-II that neutralized the hemorrhagic effect was produced previously. To identify the mAb epitopes, sets of 15-mer overlapping peptides covering the mut-II amino acid sequence were synthesized using the SPOT method and tested but failed to react with the mAb. Using a phage-display approach seventeen clones reactive with mAb were identified. Additional immunoassays with the peptides and mAb identified the QCTMDQGRLRCR, TCATDQGRLRCT, HCFHDQGRVRCA, HCTMDQGRLRCR and SCMLDQGRSRCR sequences as possible epitopes. Immunization of rabbits with these peptides induced antibodies that recognize mut-II and protected against the hemorrhagic effects of Lachesis venom.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Crotalid Venoms', 'Epitopes', 'Female', 'Hemorrhage', 'Metalloendopeptidases', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Peptide Library', 'Peptides', 'Rabbits', 'Vaccination']
| 21,763,377
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D20.888.850.960.200', 'D23.946.833.850.960.200'], ['D23.050.550'], ['C23.550.414'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.644.555', 'G02.111.570.060.620', 'G05.360.325.640'], ['D12.644'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Pyoderma gangrenosum occurring in a lower limb fasciocutaneous flap--a lesson to learn.
|
Pyoderma gangrenosum is a destructive cutaneous disease characterised by progressive painful ulceration. The occurrence of pyoderma gangrenosum at a surgical site is rare (especially if there is no predisposing illness), but is well recognised. We present a case of a 63-year-old man who developed erythematous ulcerative lesions due to pyoderma gangrenosum in and around a lower limb fasciocutaneous flap used to cover an exposed total knee prosthesis. The lesions were initially confused with postoperative wound infection. No predisposing disorder, other than the rarely reported association with osteoarthritis, was found. The diagnosis is important because its rapid detection not only avoids unnecessary treatment but also allows for prompt intervention with oral steroids. This case is presented to alert surgeons to the presence of pyoderma gangrenosum and its diagnostic confusion with postoperative wound infection.
|
['Anti-Inflammatory Agents', 'Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee', 'Biopsy', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prednisolone', 'Pyoderma Gangrenosum', 'Surgical Wound Infection']
| 10,876,286
|
[['D27.505.954.158'], ['E04.555.110.110.115', 'E04.650.110.115', 'E04.680.101.110.115'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.795'], ['C17.800.695.675', 'C17.800.862.675', 'C17.800.893.675'], ['C01.947.692', 'C23.550.767.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in an HIV dental clinic.
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate possible transmission of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in a dental setting.DESIGN: A retrospective, descriptive study of dental workers (DWs), patients, and practice characteristics.PATIENTS: Two dental workers (DW1 and DW2) with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and MDR-TB.SETTING: A hospital-based (Hospital X) human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) dental clinic in New York City.METHODS: To identify dental patients with tuberculosis (TB), patients treated in the dental clinic at Hospital X during 1990 were cross-matched with those listed in the New York City Department of Health Tuberculosis Registry. Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from both DWs and from dental patients with TB were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility and typed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Infection control practices were reviewed.RESULTS: M tuberculosis isolates infecting DW1 and DW2 were resistant to isoniazid and rifampin and had identical RFLP patterns. DW1 and DW2 worked in close proximity to each other in a small HIV dental clinic in Hospital X during 1990. Of 472 patients treated in the dental clinic in 1990, 41 (8.7%) had culture-proven M tuberculosis infection. Of these 41, 5 had isolates with resistance patterns similar to both DWs; however, for four available isolates, the RFLP patterns were different from the patterns of the DWs. Sixteen of the 41 patients received dental treatment while potentially infectious. Dental patients were not routinely questioned about TB by dental staff, nor were all dental staff screened routinely for TB. No supplemental environmental measures for TB were employed in the dental clinic in 1990.CONCLUSIONS: Our investigation suggests that MDR-TB transmission may have occurred between two DWs in an HIV dental clinic. Opportunities for transmission of TB among dental staff and patients were identified. TB surveillance programs for DWs and appropriate infection control strategies, including worker education, are needed to monitor and minimize exposure to TB in dental settings providing care to patients at risk for TB.
|
['Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome', 'Antitubercular Agents', 'Dental Clinics', 'Dental Staff, Hospital', 'Humans', 'Infection Control', 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis', 'New York City', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant']
| 7,897,177
|
[['C01.221.250.875.040', 'C01.221.812.640.400.040', 'C01.778.640.400.040', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.040', 'C01.925.813.400.040', 'C01.925.839.040', 'C20.673.480.040'], ['D27.505.954.122.085.255'], ['N02.278.192.250'], ['M01.526.485.290.490', 'M01.526.485.740.322', 'N02.360.290.490', 'N02.360.740.322'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.850.780.200.450'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.702', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.702'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.530.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530.530', 'Z01.433.741'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.775']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
In vitro response of lymphocytes in patients with allergic tension-fatigue syndrome.
|
The authors studied the stimulation of lymphocytes in 44 patients with histories of allergic tension-fatigue syndrome using a series of food extracts and additives. Of a total of 44 patients studied, 42 produced a positive response (RI), 18.1% produced a positive response to additives, 40.9% to food and 36.6% to both. The elimination diets prescribed in accordance with the in vitro results obtained produced a total remission of the tension-fatigue syndrome in 38 patients (86.3%), partial remission in two (4.5%) and no change in four (9.0%).
|
['Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Food Additives', 'Food Hypersensitivity', 'Humans', 'Hypersensitivity', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Male', 'Mental Fatigue', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Syndrome']
| 6,106,442
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D27.720.372.300', 'G07.203.300.514.500', 'J02.500.514.500'], ['C20.543.480.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C20.543'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['C23.888.369.500', 'F01.145.126.937'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['C23.550.288.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Competitive sorption and desorption of trace elements by Tunisian Aridisols Calcorthids.
|
The sorption and retention processes play an important role in determining the bioavaibility and fate of trace elements in soils. Sorption and desorption of Pb(2+), Zn(2+), Ni(2+), Cu(2+), and Co(2+) in three Tunisian Aridisols Calcorthids (AR1, AR2, and AR3) were studied using batch experiments. Sorption and retention capacities were determined by means of K r parameter and they were related to soil properties. The results showed that in all studied soils, K r values for Pb(2+) and Cu(2+) were higher than those of Zn(2+), Ni(2+), and Co(2+) indicating that soils have higher affinity for the first ones. The high sorption and retention capacity of the three studied soils is ascribed to their alkaline pH and their high carbonates contents favoring the precipitation of these elements. Moreover, bivariate correlation analysis showed that sorption and retention of the studied cations was also strongly correlated with clay fraction and Fe oxides contents. All soils show high sorption irreversibility of Pb(2+), Zn(2+), Ni(2+), Cu(2+), and Co(2+). The soils with highest sorption capacity show also the highest irreversibility.
|
['Adsorption', 'Aluminum Silicates', 'Clay', 'Ferric Compounds', 'Soil', 'Soil Pollutants', 'Trace Elements', 'Tunisia']
| 25,772,874
|
[['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['D01.056.050.075', 'D01.578.725.025', 'D01.650.550.050.075', 'D01.837.725.700.760.050'], ['D20.721.250', 'G01.311.820.250', 'G16.500.275.815.250', 'N06.230.600.250'], ['D01.490.100'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['D27.888.284.756'], ['D01.268.811', 'D27.505.696.494.555', 'G07.203.300.681.500.555', 'J02.500.681.500.555'], ['Z01.058.266.887']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
A comprehensive evolutionary analysis based on nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the alpha- and beta-subunits of glycoprotein hormone gene family.
|
On the basis of nucleotide sequences of the coding region and their predicted amino acid sequences, 58 glycoprotein hormone subunit genes were compared, aligned and used to construct phylogenetic trees for this family. The analysis included 17 alpha-subunits, eight TSH beta-, six FSH beta-, 17 LH beta/CG beta-, four fish gonadotropin (GTH)-I beta-, five fish GTH-II beta- and one additional fish GTH beta-subunit. The reliability of the phylogenetic trees was probed with the bootstrapping test. Our results indicated that: both the alpha- and beta-subunits of the family diverged from a common ancestral gene about 927 million years ago, the initial precursor of the beta-subunit duplicated to give rise to the LH beta and a second hormone, the latter then duplicating to FSH beta and TSH beta, so that FSH beta is related more to TSH beta than to LH beta; and bony fish GTH-I beta is highly related to mammalian FSH beta, whereas the bony fish GTH-II beta is more related to mammalian LH beta. For scientific consistency and convenience, we propose that the following nomenclature be adopted, all fish gonadotropins of type I be classified as FSH and all type II be classified as LH hormones. In addition, on the basis of results from this and other studies, we propose an evolutionary history for this glycoprotein hormone family. Reconstruction of the evolutionary history of this family would not only provide clues to understanding thyrotropin and gonadotropin functions, but would also allow further revision of the present nomenclature of the gonadotropins in fish.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Fishes', 'Follicle Stimulating Hormone', 'Follicle Stimulating Hormone, beta Subunit', 'Glycoprotein Hormones, alpha Subunit', 'Gonadotropins, Pituitary', 'Horses', 'Humans', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Papio', 'Phylogeny', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sheep', 'Swine', 'Thyrotropin']
| 9,582,510
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D06.472.699.322.326.125', 'D06.472.699.649.367.125', 'D12.644.548.726.367.125', 'D12.776.780.400.125', 'D23.101.140.325', 'D23.101.175'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.493'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.288', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.288', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.288'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.288.500', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.288.500', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.288.500'], ['D06.472.699.322.326.562', 'D06.472.699.322.576.288.750', 'D06.472.699.322.576.463.249', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.288.750', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463.249', 'D06.472.699.631.525.883.249', 'D06.472.699.649.367.562', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.288.750', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463.249', 'D12.644.548.691.525.883.249', 'D12.644.548.726.367.562'], ['D06.472.699.322.576', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.610'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['E05.393.751'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.883', 'D12.644.548.691.525.883']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
In vitro levels of cytokines in response to purified protein derivative (PPD) antigen in a population with high prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis.
|
The control of mycobacterial infection by the host depends on cell-mediated immunity (CMI), involving activated macrophages, T cells, and type 1 cytokines (Th1). Here we evaluated the capacity of antigen-induced proliferation by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and the production of proinflammatory tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-á) and interleukin 12 (IL-12p40). The Th1 cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-ã) and Th2 cytokines interleukin 4 (IL-4) and interleukin 5 (IL-5) in 62 pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients (40 Warao indigenous patients [WP] and 22 Creole non-indigenous patients [CP]) and 24 healthy controls (12 Warao indigenous controls [WC] and 12 Creole non-indigenous controls [CC]) at 24 and 48 hours in response to purified protein derivative (PPD) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The overall results revealed that testing of CP and CC' PBMCs for TNF-á, IFN-ã, and IL-12p40 production was higher compared with WP and WC' PBMCs after stimulating for 24 and 48 hours (p < 0.0001), within the WP group, the lower productions of IL-12p40 and IFN-ã significantly correlated (r(2) = 0.91, p < 0.01). Although in general there was interindividual variability in the observed responses of Th2 cytokines, especially with IL-4, there was a trend to produce higher PPD-induced IL-5 by WP' PBMCs compared with WC' PBMCs and CP' PBMCs at 24 and 48 hours, respectively. High IL-5 production correlated inversely with low IFN-ã production (r(2) = -0.97, p < 0.002). In conclusion, our results suggest that PPD-induced responses observed in patients from both populations can be divided into two groups: one group that activates Creole' PBMCs to preferentially secrete TNF-á, IL-12p40 and IFN-ã and another group that activates preferential secretion of IL-5 in Warao' PBMCs.
|
['Adult', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cytokines', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Leukocytes, Mononuclear', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis', 'Population Groups', 'Prevalence', 'Th1 Cells', 'Th1-Th2 Balance', 'Th2 Cells', 'Tuberculin', 'Tuberculosis, Pulmonary', 'Venezuela']
| 20,650,294
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555', 'A15.145.229.637.555', 'A15.382.490.555'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.702', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.702'], ['M01.686', 'N01.224.708'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.400.900', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.400.900', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.400.900', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.400.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.400.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.400.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.400.900', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.400.900', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.400.900'], ['G12.838'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.400.905', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.400.905', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.400.905', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.400.750', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.400.750', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.400.750', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.400.905', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.400.905', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.400.905'], ['D23.050.161.845'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.899', 'C01.748.939', 'C08.381.922', 'C08.730.939'], ['Z01.107.757.943']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Gingival displacement: Survey results of dentists' practice procedures.
|
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: A high percentage of fixed prosthodontic restorations require a subgingival margin placement, which requires the practice of gingival displacement or a deflection procedure to replicate the margins in impression.PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to learn the different gingival displacement techniques that are currently used by dentists in their practice and to compare the current concepts of gingival displacement with previously published articles.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A survey of questions pertaining to gingival deflection methods was distributed as part of continuing education (CE) course material to dentists attending CE meetings in 7 states in the U.S. and 1 Canadian province. Question topics included initial patient assessment procedures, gingival displacement methods, dentist's knowledge and assessment of systemic manifestations, and brand names of materials used.RESULTS: Ninety-four percent of the participants were general practitioners with 24.11 ± 12.5 years of experience. Ninety-two percent used gingival displacement cords, while 20.2% used a soft tissue laser and 32% used electrosurgery as an adjunct. Sixty percent of the dentists used displacement cords impregnated with a medicament. Of the preimpregnated cords, 29% were impregnated with epinephrine, 13% with aluminum chloride, and 18% with aluminum potassium sulfate.CONCLUSION: The study showed a steady decrease compared with results of previously published articles in the use of epinephrine as a gingival deflection medicament.
|
['Alum Compounds', 'Aluminum Chloride', 'Aluminum Compounds', 'Anxiety', 'Arrhythmias, Cardiac', 'Astringents', 'Blood Pressure', 'Chlorides', 'Clinical Competence', 'Electrosurgery', 'Epinephrine', 'Ferric Compounds', 'General Practice, Dental', 'Gingival Retraction Techniques', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Laser Therapy', 'Medical History Taking', 'Patient Care Planning', 'Vasoconstrictor Agents']
| 25,917,854
|
[['D01.056.025', 'D01.875.800.800.850.025'], ['D01.056.031', 'D01.210.450.150.025'], ['D01.056'], ['F01.470.132'], ['C14.280.067', 'C23.550.073'], ['D27.505.696.207', 'D27.505.954.444.100'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['D01.210.450.150', 'D01.248.497.158.215'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['E04.262'], ['D02.033.100.291.310', 'D02.092.063.291.310', 'D02.092.211.215.454', 'D02.092.311.461', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.461'], ['D01.490.100'], ['H02.163.342'], ['E06.912.480'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['E02.594', 'E04.014.520'], ['E01.370.510'], ['N04.590.233.624'], ['D27.505.954.411.793']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Vitamin E in neural and visual function.
|
A rat model of vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) deficiency with similar "clinical," electrophysiological, and neuropathological abnormalities to those seen in man was used to investigate the effects of various amounts and forms of alpha-tocopheryl acetate (alphaTA) on neural and visual function. Electrophysiological techniques provide an objective, non-invasive measure of neural and visual function. These techniques were used in the animal model to determine the minimum dietary requirement of vitamin E necessary to prevent neural and visual abnormalities. They were also used to compare the biological activities of the natural (RRR-) and synthetic (all-rac-) forms of alpha-tocopherol in neural tissues. The results were as follows: (1) Significant differences in neural and visual function were observed between deficient and control rats after approximately 8 months. (2) An intake of 1.0 mg/kg all-rac- or 0.75 mg/kg RRR-alphaTA was observed to marginally protect nerves from vitamin E deficiency. (3) The biological activity of all-rac-alpha-tocopherol in neural tissues was approximately 75% of RRR-alpha-tocopherol. (4) The concentration of free malondialdehyde (an indicator of lipid peroxidation) was significantly increased in tissues from the deficient compared to the control animals. These results are consistent with a deficiency of alpha-tocopherol causing increased lipid peroxidation leading to abnormal neural electrophysiology. They could also be explained by more specific but as yet undefined function(s) of alpha-tocopherol in neural tissues.
|
['Animals', 'Diet', 'Electroretinography', 'Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory', 'Evoked Potentials, Visual', 'Lipid Peroxidation', 'Male', 'Malondialdehyde', 'Nervous System Diseases', 'Nutritional Requirements', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Vision Disorders', 'Vitamin E', 'Vitamin E Deficiency', 'alpha-Tocopherol']
| 15,753,152
|
[['B01.050'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['E01.370.380.225', 'E01.370.405.270'], ['G07.265.216.500.400', 'G11.561.200.500.400'], ['G07.265.216.500.425', 'G11.561.200.500.425', 'G14.330'], ['G02.111.515', 'G03.295.531.587'], ['D02.047.700'], ['C10'], ['G07.203.650.620'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['C10.597.751.941', 'C11.966', 'C23.888.592.763.941'], ['D03.383.663.283.909', 'D03.633.100.150.909'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.841'], ['D03.383.663.283.909.750.249', 'D03.633.100.150.909.750.249']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Caffeine metabolism in liver slices during postnatal development in rats.
|
The metabolism of caffeine was investigated in liver slices from newborn, preweanling, postweanling, and adult rats. All metabolites were identified and quantified by HPLC without using radioactive compound. Caffeine metabolism underwent dramatic changes during maturation in rats. The specific activity of the enzyme system was extremely low when liver slices from 1-day and 7-day-old rats were used. This capacity increased gradually with increasing age and reached a peak following weaning at 21 days of age. In rat liver slices, N-1 demethylation to theobromine was the main pathway of in vitro caffeine metabolism at all ages. Theobromine represented 25% of total caffeine metabolites at day 1 and about 40% at all others ages. 1,3,7-6-amino-5-(N-formylmethylamino)-1,3-dimethyluracil is a minor metabolite in newborn (1-day-old), preweanling (7-day-old), and adult rats (120-day-old), but an important metabolite in postweanling rats. Conversely, 1,3,7-trimethyluric acid is a major metabolite in newborn and adult rats and a minor one in preweanling and postweanling rats. This liver slices model could be used as a simple and versatile model to study metabolism during maturation.
|
['Animals', 'Biotransformation', 'Caffeine', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Methylation', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Theobromine', 'Theophylline', 'Uracil']
| 8,095,214
|
[['B01.050'], ['G03.171', 'G03.787.225', 'G07.690.725.225'], ['D03.132.960.175', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.175'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['A03.620'], ['G02.111.035.538', 'G02.607.094.538', 'G03.059.538'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D03.132.960.651', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.651'], ['D03.132.960.751', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.751'], ['D03.383.742.698.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Adaptation of proteases and carbohydrates of saprophytic, phytopathogenic and entomopathogenic fungi to the requirements of their ecological niches.
|
The abilities of isolates of saprophytes (Neurospora crassa, Aspergillus nidulans), an opportunistic human pathogen (Aspergillus fumigatus), an opportunistic insect pathogen (Aspergillus flavus), plant pathogens (Verticillium albo-atrum, Verticillium dahliae, Nectria haematococca), a mushroom pathogen (Verticillium fungicola) and entomopathogens (Verticillium lecanii, Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae) to utilize plant cell walls and insect cuticle components in different nutrient media were compared. The pathogens showed enzymic adaptation to the polymers present in the integuments of their particular hosts. Thus, the plant pathogens produced high levels of enzymes capable of degrading pectic polysaccharides, cellulose and xylan, as well as cutinase substrate, but secreted little or no chitinase and showed no proteolytic activity against elastin and mucin. The entomopathogens and V. fungicola degraded a broad spectrum of proteins (including elastin and mucin) but, except for chitinase, cellulase (V. lecanii and V. fungicola only) and cutinase (B. bassiana only), produced very low levels of polysaccharidases. The saprophytes (Neu. crassa and A. nidulans) and the opportunistic pathogens (A. fumigatus and A. flavus) produced the broadest spectrum of protein and polysaccharide degrading enzymes, indicative of their less specialized nutritional status. V. lecanii and V. albo-atrum were compared in more detail to identity factors that distinguish plant and insect pathogens. V. albo-atrum, but not V. lecanii, grew well on different plant cell wall components. The major class of proteases produced in different media by isolates of V. albo-atrum and V. dahliae were broad spectrum basic (pI > 10) trypsins which degrade Z-AA-AA-Arg-NA substrates (Z, benzoyl; AA, various amino acids; Na, nitroanilide), hide protein azure and insect (Manduca sexta) cuticles. Analogous peptidases were produced by isolates of V. lecanii and V. fungicola but they were specific for Z-Phe-Val-Arg-NA. V. albo-atrum and V. dahliae also produced low levels of neutral (pI ca 7) and basic (pI ca 9.5) subtilisin-like proteases active against a chymotrypsin substrate (Succinyl-Ala2-Pro-Phe-NA) and insect cuticle. In contrast, subtilisins comprised the major protease component secreted by V. lecanii and V. fungicola. Both V. lecanii and V. albo-atrum produced the highest levels of subtilisin and trypsin-like activities during growth on collagen or insect cuticle. Results are discussed in terms of the adaptation of fungi to the requirements of their ecological niches.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Animals', 'Aspergillus', 'Aspergillus nidulans', 'Carbohydrates', 'Ecology', 'Endopeptidases', 'Enzymes', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Fungi', 'Growth Substances', 'Insecta', 'Mitosporic Fungi', 'Neurospora crassa', 'Polysaccharides', 'Protease Inhibitors', 'Substrate Specificity']
| 9,202,474
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.300.381.081'], ['B01.300.381.081.420'], ['D09'], ['H01.158.273.248', 'H01.277.249'], ['D08.811.277.656.300'], ['D08.811'], ['D12.776.354'], ['B01.300'], ['D27.505.696.377'], ['B01.050.500.131.617'], ['B01.300.381'], ['B01.300.107.800.629.564'], ['D09.698'], ['D27.505.519.389.745'], ['G02.111.835']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Exposure to xylene and ethylbenzene. I. Uptake, distribution and elimination in man.
|
Industrial xylene is a mixture of xylene and ethylbenzene. Twelve male subjects were exposed to industrial xylene in inspired air, six subjects in series I to 870 mg/m3 at rest (30 min) and light exercise on a bicycle ergometer (90 min) and six subjects in series II to 435 mg/m3 at rest (30 min) and during exercise of increasing work loads (90 min). The measurements of xylene uptake were performed continuously with the Douglas bag technique. In both series, about 60% of the amount of xylene supplied to the lungs was taken up. In both series, the concentration in alveolar air was relatively low throughout the entire exposure. The relative concentration in alveolar air displayed a linear correlation to the percentage uptake in the lungs. The ratio between the concentration in arterial blood (mg/kg) and alveolar air (mg/l) amounted to 30--40 at the different work loads. The total amount of xylene expired after the exposure was estimated from the alveolar concentration and alveolar ventilation. In series I, with a total uptake of 1.4 g, the subjects expired about 70 mg, i.e., about 5%. The corresponding value in series II was 40 mg of a total uptake of 1.0 g, i.e., about 4%.
|
['Adult', 'Air', 'Air Pollutants', 'Air Pollutants, Occupational', 'Benzene Derivatives', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Physical Exertion', 'Respiratory Function Tests', 'Time Factors', 'Tissue Distribution', 'Xylenes']
| 705,285
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G16.500.275.063.150', 'N06.230.300.100.150'], ['D27.888.284.101'], ['D27.888.284.101.268'], ['D02.455.426.559.389'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G11.427.683'], ['E01.370.386.700'], ['G01.910.857'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.948']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cytochrome P450 expression and catalytic activity in coronary arteries and liver of cattle.
|
There is increasing evidence that cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are involved not only in the metabolism of xenobiotics, but also in vascular homeostasis. Among the CYP-derived vasoactive agents, special importance is assigned to endogenous products from arachidonic acid (AA). Specifically, the vasodilator epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), being linked to the CYP 2B, 2C, and 2J subfamilies, and the vasoconstrictor 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) connected instead to the CYP 4A subfamily and, to a lesser degree, to isoforms of the CYP 1A and 2E subfamilies. Here, we have examined the occurrence of functional CYP isoforms in the coronary arteries of cattle by RT-PCR with sequence verification, Western immunoblotting, and analysis of distinct catalytic activities with fluorescent substrate probes. Liver tissue was examined comparatively. Coronary tissue expressed mRNA transcripts and immunoreactive proteins belonging to the CYP 1A, 2C, 2E, and 2J subfamilies. Appropriate catalytic activity was ascertained with all these CYP species except 2J. A broader spectrum of CYP enzymes (CYP 1A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2J, 3A, 4A subfamilies) was found in liver tissue with catalytic activities exceeding many fold those of coronary tissue. We conclude that bovine coronary arteries are endowed with a full-fledged CYP system with potential for AA-linked vasoregulation through dilator rather than constrictor agents. The same tissue and, to a much larger degree, liver tissue possess the capability of metabolizing xenobiotics via the CYP pathway.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Coronary Vessels', 'Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System', 'DNA Primers', 'Isoenzymes', 'Liver', 'Microsomes, Liver', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid', 'Sheep']
| 15,716,024
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A07.015.114.269', 'A07.015.908.194'], ['D08.244.453', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170', 'D12.776.422.220.453'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['A03.620'], ['A11.284.835.540.541'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['E05.393.751'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A bio-psychosocial evaluation of ten adolescents with fibromyalgia.
|
A comprehensive assessment of 10 adolescents (mean age 15.7 years) fulfilling the ACR criteria for fibromyalgia, disclosed that 3 patients also had juvenile chronic arthritis. Based on semi-structured psychiatric interviews, testing and family assessments, 6 of the patients had a psychiatric diagnosis (over anxious and/or depressive disorders). The pain scores for the group (mean 5.0, SD 1.5) were significantly higher than for a comparison group of patients with juvenile chronic arthritis (mean 2.5, SD 1.7), (p < 0.01). Average IQ was normal (mean 102.3, SD 13.9), but striving for achievement and high parental expectations were evident in 8 families. Seven of the mothers and 3 of the fathers had chronic diseases. The frequency of individual and family stress indicates a need for psychosocial assessment and counselling soon after onset of symptoms. This study also serves as a reminder that the diagnosis of juvenile chronic arthritis does not exclude fibromyalgia.
|
['Adolescent', 'Anxiety Disorders', 'Arthritis, Juvenile', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Child', 'Counseling', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Educational Status', 'Family', 'Female', 'Fibromyalgia', 'Humans', 'Intelligence', 'Interview, Psychological', 'Male', 'Pain', 'Pain Measurement', 'Pilot Projects', 'Referral and Consultation', 'Stress, Psychological']
| 7,949,810
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F03.080'], ['C05.550.114.122', 'C05.799.056', 'C17.300.775.049', 'C20.111.198'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F02.784.176', 'F04.408.413', 'N02.421.143.303', 'N02.421.461.363'], ['F03.600.300'], ['N01.824.196'], ['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['C05.651.324', 'C05.799.321', 'C10.668.491.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.752.543'], ['F04.669.599'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['N04.452.758.849'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Attitudes and practices of families of children in treatment for cancer. A cross-cultural study.
|
A follow-up study was made of the prevalence of the use of unproven treatment methods by families of children being treated for cancer at UT M.D. Anderson Hospital. Information was also obtained about parental attitudes toward conventional and alternative treatments and their understanding of them, as well as the physicians' awareness of the use of alternative treatments. Cross-cultural comparisons were made to assess the differences between Hispanics and Anglos in their perceptions of treatment. Sixty-six parents responded to questionnaires (34 Anglo, 30 Hispanic, and two others), and the results in terms of prevalence of use were comparable to those obtained in an earlier study (less than 10%) at the same institution, as well as to those recently reported by investigators at another institution in northwestern U.S. No parents reported the use of Laetrile. Significant differences were found between the Anglos and Hispanics in their perceptions of the treatment administered at the hospital. A significant number of parents expressed a desire for more information from their physicians about all types of treatment. This study serves as a pilot project for a nationwide, multihospital study to be conducted in 1982.
|
['Adult', 'Attitude to Health', 'Child', 'Complementary Therapies', 'Cross-Cultural Comparison', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Family', 'Female', 'Hispanic Americans', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Neoplasms', 'Physician-Patient Relations']
| 6,859,456
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E02.190'], ['I01.076.201.450.281', 'I01.880.853.100.257'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['M01.686.754.441'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04'], ['F01.829.401.650.675', 'N05.300.660.625']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A systematic assessment of the quality of reporting for platelet transfusion studies.
|
BACKGROUND: As evidence-based medicine assumes increasing importance, there is a need for high-quality reporting of clinical studies. A recent review of clinical platelet (PLT) studies indicated variability in reporting. We undertook a critical analysis of PLT transfusion studies to determine the quality of reporting.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A systematic MEDLINE search for clinical studies of PLT transfusion was performed to identify articles. Relevant observational studies (OBS) were critiqued using the STROBE checklist and randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) using the CONSORT checklist. Studies were further evaluated with a PLT-specific checklist developed by the authors. Observations were analyzed descriptively and using Pareto analysis.RESULTS: A total of 772 articles were identified by the search. Eighty-six articles (23 RCTs and 63 OBS) met eligibility criteria. All RCTs, and a similar number of OBS (24), were randomly selected for analysis. Studies reported the scientific background and rationale, key results, and outcomes. OBS frequently did not consider bias and confounders. RCTs frequently did not explain bias, interim analyses, stopping rules, success of blinding, or weaknesses of multiple analyses. The PLT-specific critique found many studies adequately reported basics of the PLT product, PLT increment, and transfusion reactions. Studies frequently failed to report specific details of PLT compatibility, details of product preparation, and use of other blood products.CONCLUSION: Recently published articles of clinical PLT transfusion share common strengths and weaknesses. The quality of reporting may be improved by providing guidelines to authors and journal editors that list the essential elements of a well-reported clinical study of PLT transfusion.
|
['Humans', 'Platelet Transfusion', 'Publishing', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic']
| 20,497,518
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.135.140.650'], ['L01.737'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A GDP dissociation inhibitor that serves as a GTPase inhibitor for the Ras-like protein CDC42Hs.
|
Members of the family of Ras-related guanosine triphosphate (GTP) binding proteins appear to take part in the regulation of a number of biological processes, including cell growth and differentiation. Three different classes of proteins that regulate the GTP binding and GTP hydrolytic activities of the Ras family members have been identified. These different regulatory proteins inhibit guanosine diphosphate (GDP) dissociation (designated as GDIs), stimulate GDP dissociation and GDP-GTP exchange (designated as GDSs), or stimulate GTP hydrolysis (designated as GAPs). In the case of the Ras-like protein CDC42Hs, which is the human homolog of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell division cycle protein, the GDI protein also inhibited both the intrinsic and GAP-stimulated hydrolysis of GTP. These findings establish an additional role for the GDI protein--namely, as a guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) inhibitory protein for a Ras-like GTP binding protein.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Platelets', 'Brain Chemistry', 'Cattle', 'Escherichia coli', 'GTP Phosphohydrolases', 'GTP-Binding Proteins', 'GTPase-Activating Proteins', 'Guanine Nucleotide Dissociation Inhibitors', "Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)", 'Guanosine Diphosphate', 'Guanosine Triphosphate', 'Hydrolysis', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Oncogene Proteins', 'Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'Proteins', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcr', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein', 'ras GTPase-Activating Proteins', 'rho-Specific Guanine Nucleotide Dissociation Inhibitors', 'rhoB GTP-Binding Protein']
| 1,439,791
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['G02.111.150', 'G03.185'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D08.811.277.040.330'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300', 'D12.776.157.325'], ['D12.644.360.325.150', 'D12.776.476.325.150'], ['D12.644.360.325.225', 'D12.776.476.325.225'], ['D02.886.765.380', 'D13.695.667.454.504.380', 'D13.695.827.426.504.380', 'D13.695.900.380'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.340', 'D13.695.667.454.340', 'D13.695.827.426.340'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.504', 'D13.695.667.454.504', 'D13.695.827.426.504'], ['G02.380'], ['D12.776.543'], ['D12.776.624.664'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725'], ['D12.776'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.759', 'D12.644.360.325.300.099.500', 'D12.776.476.325.300.099.500', 'D12.776.624.664.700.171'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.700.050', 'D12.644.360.525.700.050', 'D12.776.157.325.515.700.050', 'D12.776.476.525.700.050'], ['D12.644.360.325.150.500', 'D12.776.476.325.150.500'], ['D12.644.360.325.225.500', 'D12.776.476.325.225.500'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.700.300', 'D12.644.360.525.700.300', 'D12.776.157.325.515.700.300', 'D12.776.476.525.700.300']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Nanoscale in situ morphological study of proteins immobilized on gold thin films.
|
The nanoscale organization of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and of its polyclonal antibody immobilized on gold thin films was studied by means of Energy Dispersive X-ray Reflectometry (EDXR) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The macromolecules were alternatively deposited over a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of N-hydroxysuccinimide esters of thioctic acid. The measurements, collected in situ at subsequent deposition stages of the device, gave information on the distribution of the macromolecules on the surface showing that both the proteins can bind covalently to the SAM. In addition to this, we demonstrated that the antigen-antibody reaction takes place when one of the two reactants is anchored to the surface.
|
['Acetylcholinesterase', 'Antibodies, Immobilized', 'Antigen-Antibody Reactions', 'Enzymes, Immobilized', 'Gold', 'Membranes, Artificial', 'Microscopy, Atomic Force', 'Nanoparticles', 'Surface Properties']
| 19,899,801
|
[['D08.811.277.352.100.170.176'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.207', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.207', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.207', 'D12.776.463.250'], ['G12.122'], ['D08.811.180', 'D12.776.463.500'], ['D01.268.556.322', 'D01.268.956.186', 'D01.552.544.322'], ['D25.479', 'J01.637.051.479', 'J01.637.087.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.666.400', 'E05.595.666.400'], ['J01.637.512.600'], ['G02.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Computational fluid dynamics modeling of symptomatic intracranial atherosclerosis may predict risk of stroke recurrence.
|
BACKGROUND: Patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerosis (ICAS) of ? 70% luminal stenosis are at high risk of stroke recurrence. We aimed to evaluate the relationships between hemodynamics of ICAS revealed by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models and risk of stroke recurrence in this patient subset.METHODS: Patients with a symptomatic ICAS lesion of 70-99% luminal stenosis were screened and enrolled in this study. CFD models were reconstructed based on baseline computed tomographic angiography (CTA) source images, to reveal hemodynamics of the qualifying symptomatic ICAS lesions. Change of pressures across a lesion was represented by the ratio of post- and pre-stenotic pressures. Change of shear strain rates (SSR) across a lesion was represented by the ratio of SSRs at the stenotic throat and proximal normal vessel segment, similar for the change of flow velocities. Patients were followed up for 1 year.RESULTS: Overall, 32 patients (median age 65; 59.4% males) were recruited. The median pressure, SSR and velocity ratios for the ICAS lesions were 0.40 (-2.46-0.79), 4.5 (2.2-20.6), and 7.4 (5.2-12.5), respectively. SSR ratio (hazard ratio [HR] 1.027; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.004-1.051; P = 0.023) and velocity ratio (HR 1.029; 95% CI, 1.002-1.056; P = 0.035) were significantly related to recurrent territorial ischemic stroke within 1 year by univariate Cox regression, respectively with the c-statistics of 0.776 (95% CI, 0.594-0.903; P = 0.014) and 0.776 (95% CI, 0.594-0.903; P = 0.002) in receiver operating characteristic analysis.CONCLUSIONS: Hemodynamics of ICAS on CFD models reconstructed from routinely obtained CTA images may predict subsequent stroke recurrence in patients with a symptomatic ICAS lesion of 70-99% luminal stenosis.
|
['Aged', 'Computer Simulation', 'Female', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Hydrodynamics', 'Intracranial Arteriosclerosis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Biological', 'Recurrence', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Stroke']
| 24,818,753
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['L01.224.160'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.342'], ['C10.228.140.300.510.800', 'C14.907.137.126.372', 'C14.907.253.560.350'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.599.395'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Studies on the stability of preservatives under subcritical water conditions.
|
OBJECTIVE: The goal of this work was to further validate the subcritical water chromatography (SBWC) methods for separation and analysis of preservatives through the evaluation of analyte stability in subcritical water.METHODS: In this study, the degradation of preservatives was investigated at temperatures of 100-200°C using two different approaches. First, the peak areas obtained by SBWC at high temperatures were compared with those achieved using the traditional high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) at 25°C. In the second approach, several preservatives and water were loaded into a vessel and heated at high temperatures for 30 or 60 min. The heated mixtures were then analysed by GC/MS to determine the stability of preservatives.RESULTS: The t- and F-test on the results of the first approach reveal that the peak areas achieved by HPLC and SBWC are not significantly different at the 95% confidence level, meaning that the preservatives studied are stable during the high-temperature SBWC runs. Although the results of the second approach show approximately 10% degradation of preservatives into mainly p-hydroxybenzoic acid and phenol at 200°C, the preservatives studied are stable at 100 and 150°C. This is in good agreement with the validation results obtained by the first approach.CONCLUSION: The findings of this work confirm that SBWC methods at temperatures up to 150°C are reliable for separation and analysis of preservatives in cosmetic and other samples.
|
['Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Cosmetics', 'Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry', 'Preservatives, Pharmaceutical', 'Water']
| 25,565,502
|
[['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D27.720.269', 'J01.516.213'], ['E05.196.181.349.500', 'E05.196.566.500'], ['D26.650.702', 'D27.720.744.771'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
An RFLP adjacent to the maize waxy gene has the structure of a transposable element.
|
Two maize inbred lines harbor non-mutant waxy (Wx) genes that display restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) upstream from the start of Wx transcription. Sequencing of this region in the two strains revealed a DNA insertion with the structural features of a transposable element. The insertion is 316 bp in length, has 15 bp imperfect inverted repeats and is flanked by a 5 bp direct repeat generated upon insertion. Sequences homologous to this insertion are present in multiple copies in maize and its relatives teosinte and Tripsacum but not in the more distantly related dicot tobacco. Finally, this element is not homologous with any previously described maize DNA insertion.
|
['Base Sequence', 'DNA Restriction Enzymes', 'DNA Transposable Elements', 'Genes', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Plants', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length', 'Zea mays']
| 2,895,417
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D08.811.150.280', 'D08.811.277.352.335.350.300', 'D08.811.277.352.355.325.300'], ['D13.444.308.520', 'G02.111.570.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.340.024.425.200'], ['G05.360.340.024.340'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B01.650'], ['G05.365.795'], ['G05.365.795.595'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Connexin 43 expression in intraperitoneal free gastric cancer cells in patients with gastric cancer].
|
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of connexin 43 (Cx43) in the intraperitoneal free gastric cancer cells and clinicopathological characteristics.METHODS: Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect connexin 43 in 75 paraffin-embedded gastric cancer tissues, matched paracancerous tissue, and intraperitoneal free gastric cancer cells.RESULTS: The positive rates of Cx43 expression were 33.3% (25/75) in gastric cancer tissue specimens and 100% (75/75) in matched paracancerous tissue (P<0.01). The positive detection rate of free cancer cells in peritoneal lavage was 38.6% (29/75) and the positive rate of Cx43 in peritoneal free gastric cancer cells was 72.4% (21/29), which was significantly higher than that in gastric cancer tissue specimens (P<0.01). Significant association was observed of Cx43 expression of free gastric cancer cells with tumor infiltration and histological type (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Cx43 gene may be involved in the mechanism of peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Connexin 43', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Peritoneal Neoplasms', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Young Adult']
| 20,878,577
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['D12.776.543.585.250.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['E01.789.625'], ['C04.588.033.513', 'C04.588.274.780', 'C06.301.780', 'C06.844.620'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Binding mode analyses of NAP derivatives as mu opioid receptor selective ligands through docking studies and molecular dynamics simulation.
|
Mu opioid receptor selective antagonists are highly desirable because of their utility as pharmacological probes for receptor characterization and functional studies. Furthermore, the mu opioid receptors act as an important target in drug abuse and addiction treatment. Previously, we reported NAP as a novel lead compound with high selectivity and affinity towards the mu opioid receptor. Based on NAP, we have synthesized its derivatives and further characterized their binding affinities and selectivity towards the receptor. NMP and NGP were identified as the two most selective MOR ligands among NAP derivatives. In the present study, molecular modeling methods were applied to assess the dual binding modes of NAP derivatives, particularly on NMP and NGP, in three opioid receptors, in order to analyze the effects of structural modifications on the pyridyl ring of NAP on the binding affinity and selectivity. The results indicated that the steric hindrance, electrostatic, and hydrophobic effects caused by the substituents on the pyridyl ring of NAP contributed complimentarily on the binding affinity and selectivity of NAP derivatives to three opioid receptors. Analyses of these contributions provided insights on future design of more potent and selective mu opioid receptor ligands.
|
['Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions', 'Ligands', 'Molecular Docking Simulation', 'Molecular Dynamics Simulation', 'Receptors, Opioid, mu', 'Static Electricity']
| 28,302,509
|
[['G02.409'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['E05.599.595.249', 'L01.224.160.249'], ['E05.599.595.500', 'G02.111.570.895', 'L01.224.160.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.620.550', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.610.550', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.610.550'], ['G01.358.500.249.820']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Acetabular re-revision with impaction bone grafting and a cemented polyethylene cup; a biological option for successive reconstructions.
|
INTRODUCTION: For the revision of failed acetabular components impaction bone grafting (IBG) with a cemented cup is a well known technique. Claims have been made that this is a biological reconstruction technique, restoring the bone stock loss and thereby facilitating future revisions. However, there are no scientific data proving this claim.PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this study, we present the clinical and radiographic outcome of 11 consecutive acetabular re-revisions in 10 patients with again IBG and a cemented polyethylene cup observed in a previously reported cohort of 62 acetabular IBG revisions. All data were prospectively collected. Kaplan-Meier survivorship analysis was performed.RESULTS: The mean follow-up after re-revision was 10 years (5-15) and 28 years (26-30) after the primary revision. No patients were lost to follow-up. The mean HHS improved from 37 (12-49) points to 71 (40-95) points at final follow-up. Survival with further cup revision for any reason as endpoint was 91% (95% confidence interval (CI) 51 to 99) at 10 years. When excluding one early cup re-revision for malpositioning 3 weeks postoperative, survivorship with further cup revision for aseptic loosening as endpoint was 100% (95% CI 37-100) at 10 years. Survival with further cup re-operation for any reason as endpoint was 82% (95% one-sided CI 45-95). In all surviving re-revisions trabecular incorporation was observed without radiolucent lines.CONCLUSION: This study shows that, due to restoring the bone stock, even successive acetabular reconstructions using IBG and a cemented cup are possible with satisfying 10 years survivorship.
|
['Acetabulum', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip', 'Bone Cements', 'Bone Transplantation', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Forecasting', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Polyethylene', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prosthesis Design', 'Prosthesis Failure', 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures', 'Reoperation', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 25,362,880
|
[['A02.835.232.043.825.108'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E04.555.110.110.110', 'E04.650.110.110', 'E04.680.101.110.110'], ['D05.750.716.822.300', 'D25.720.716.822.300', 'D27.720.102.158', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.300'], ['E02.095.147.725.052', 'E04.555.130', 'E04.936.580.052'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['I01.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.550.500', 'D05.750.716.507.500', 'D25.720.716.507.500', 'J01.637.051.720.716.507.500'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.320.550', 'E07.695.680'], ['C23.550.767.865', 'E05.325.771'], ['E04.680'], ['E04.690'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[The effect of ionizing radiation on the transmethylation of phospholipids in the high molecular complex acyl-tRNA-synthetase].
|
Transmethylation was found to contribute to the postirradiation redistribution of phospholipids which enter high molecular weight complexes of rat liver aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetases. The kinetic capacity of methyltransferases of codosome phospholipids was studied in normal conditions and at early times after irradiation of rats with a dose of 0.21 C/kg.
|
['Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases', 'Animals', 'Liver', 'Methylation', 'Methyltransferases', 'Phosphatidylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase', 'Phospholipids', 'Rats']
| 2,928,482
|
[['D08.811.464.263.200'], ['B01.050'], ['A03.620'], ['G02.111.035.538', 'G02.607.094.538', 'G03.059.538'], ['D08.811.913.555.500'], ['D08.811.913.555.500.712'], ['D10.570.755'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prognostic value of serum resistin levels in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
|
BACKGROUND: Resistin is a novel adipokine that is suggested to be involved in inflammatory conditions and atherosclerosis.AIM: To investigate the prognostic importance of resistin in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients.METHODS: Resistin levels were measured in a population of 132 patients with AMI, of whom 72 (54%) had a diagnosis of ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and 60 (46%) had non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Thirty-three consecutive subjects who were referred to elective coronary angiography due to chest pain evaluation with normal coronary angiograms served as controls. All patients were followed-up for the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE).RESULTS: There was a significant increase in serum resistin levels in patients with AMI compared to controls (3.71 ± 4.20 vs. 2.00 ± 1.05, p = 0.001, respectively). However, serum resistin levels were similar in patients with STEMI and NSTEMI. (4.26 ± 5.11 vs. 3.06 ± 2.64, p = 0.49, respectively). The patients with MACE had significantly higher levels of serum resistin levels compared to either the AMI or the control group (6.35 ± 5.47, p = 0.005, respectively). Logistic regression analysis revealed that resistin, left ventricular ejection fraction, and coronary artery bypass graft were independent predictors of MACE in AMI patients (OR = 1.11, 95% CI 1.01-1.22, p = 0.03 and OR = 3.84, 95% CI 1.26-11.71, p = 0.018, respectively).CONCLUSIONS: Serum resistin level was increased in patients with AMI and constituted a risk factor for MACE in this group.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Biomarkers', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Prognosis', 'Resistin', 'Risk Factors', 'Sex Factors']
| 23,633,273
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.101'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['E01.789'], ['D06.472.699.042.750', 'D12.644.276.024.750', 'D12.644.548.011.750', 'D12.776.467.024.750', 'D23.529.024.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The depth to the epidural space.
|
Two hundred and ten patients, 145 males and 65 females, aged 20 to 72 years old, ready to receive extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy under epidural anesthesia were studied to evaluate if any correlation existed between body weight, body surface area, body mass index and body height and the depth to the epidural space. The mean value for the depth to the epidural space was 4.77 +/- 0.55 cm for males, 4.25 +/- 0.55 cm for females and the overall average was 4.61 +/- 0.60 cm. The range of the depth to the epidural space was 3.0-7.0 cm. Linear regression analysis revealed significant correlation between body weight, body surface area, body mass index, body height an the depth to the epidural space, in the order of BW greater than BSA greater than BMI greater than BH. It is concluded that body weight, body surface area, body mass index and body height affect the depth to the epidural space and play an important role in predicting the depth to the epidural space.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Body Height', 'Body Mass Index', 'Body Surface Area', 'Body Weight', 'Epidural Space', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Reference Values', 'Spinal Canal']
| 2,633,021
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160.100', 'E05.041.124.160.500', 'G07.100.100.160.100', 'G07.345.249.314.100'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.231', 'E05.041.124.231', 'G07.100.100.231'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['A02.835.232.834.803.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.978.810'], ['A02.835.232.834.803']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Mexican older adults with a wide socioeconomic perspective: health and aging].
|
OBJECTIVES: Describe the Estudio Nacional de Salud y Envejecimiento en M?xico (ENASEM), also known by its name in English as the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS).MATERIALS AND METHODS: This article summarizes the study design, its fieldwork protocol, survey contents, scope and analytical potential. It also presents descriptive results on selected topics. This is a prospective panel study on persons aged 50 or older in the year 2000.RESULTS: In the baseline survey, completed in 2001 with a national and urban-rural representation, about 15 200 interviews were completed. In the follow-up survey of the same persons in 2003, 90% of the attempted contacts resulted in successful interviews, and 546 interviews were completed about individuals who had died between the 2001 and 2003 visits. Descriptive results are presented on demographic characteristics, health, life style, institutional support, pensions, employment, family help, and two-year changes in health.CONCLUSIONS: There is evidence of large heterogeneity among older adults in Mexico, which is illustrated in a brief and precise way in the results presented. This study and its data bases have great analytical potential for exploring multiple dimensions in the health of older adults.
|
['Aged', 'Aging', 'Health Status', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Life Style', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Mexico', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Rural Population', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Urban Population']
| 17,724,516
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['G07.345.124'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['F01.829.458'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['Z01.107.567.589'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['N01.600.725'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['N01.600.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Effect of steroids for nasal polyposis surgery: A placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind study.
|
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Although medical intervention is the first option for treatment of nasal polyps, surgery is still a therapeutic option for symptomatic cases that do not respond or partially respond to medical intervention. However, there is a need for high-level evidence for the preoperative use of steroids in nasal polyposis surgery. We aimed to assess the perioperative effect of preoperative use of oral prednisolone for advanced-stage diffuse nasal polyposis.STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.METHODS: A visual analog scale (VAS) was evaluated for smell, nasal discharge, nasal obstruction, facial pressure, headache, butanol smell threshold, and peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) before and after the use of study drug. Perioperative bleeding volume, visibility of operative field, operative time, hospital stay, and complication rate were also evaluated.RESULTS: The improvement in the corticosteroid group (CG) in the VAS scores, butanol thresholds, and PNIF values showed statistically significant differences compared to the placebo group (PG) (P < .05). The perioperative bleeding volume, visibility score, operative time, and hospital stay for CG/PG were 141 mL/384 mL, 2.4/3.4, 61 min/71.6 min, and 1.1 day/1.8 day, respectively (P < .05). The difference between the complication rates for the two groups did not show any statistically significant difference (P = .214).CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative administration of systemic corticosteroids improves the perioperative visibility by reducing blood loss and shortens the operation time. We recommend the use of preoperative corticosteroid for the safety of the patients. The optimum dose and duration have not been established and require further studies.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 1b.
|
['Administration, Intranasal', 'Adult', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Endoscopy', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Glucocorticoids', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nasal Obstruction', 'Nasal Polyps', 'Nasal Surgical Procedures', 'Prednisolone', 'Preoperative Care', 'Prospective Studies', 'Smell', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 25,945,691
|
[['E02.319.267.120.655.500'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['E01.370.388.250', 'E04.502.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['D06.472.040.543', 'D27.505.696.399.472.488'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C08.460.525', 'C08.618.846.185.525', 'C09.603.525'], ['C08.460.572', 'C09.603.557', 'C23.300.825.557'], ['E04.580.392'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.795'], ['E02.760.795', 'E04.604.750', 'N02.421.585.795'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['F02.830.816.643', 'G11.561.790.643'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Study on the cyanobacterial toxin metabolism of Microcystis aeruginosa in nitrogen-starved conditions by a stable isotope labelling method.
|
In this study, the biosynthesis of microcystins (MCs) was investigated after long-term nitrogen-starved conditions in cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. The results demonstrated that the algal cells were able to survive in a non-growing state with nitrogen starvation for more than one month. The physiological properties of the algal cells were studied to elucidate the mechanisms of viability under nitrogen-deprivation conditions. After the state of nitrogen chlorosis, new toxins could be resynthesized and tracked using 15N-stable isotope-labelled nitrogen. Nitrogen starvation of nutritionally replete cells resulted in a significant increase of microcystin-LY (MC-LY), thereby suggesting that MC-LY may undergo catabolism to provide nitrogen or that MC-LY may be produced to play an important role in the cell in response to nitrogen deprivation. The rank order of different types of nitrogen in algal cells assimilation was N-ammonium > N-urea > N-nitrate > N-alanine. The relationship between the production of toxin variants and various environmental conditions is an interesting issue for future research and may help improve the understanding of the ecological role of cyanobacterial toxins.
|
['Isotope Labeling', 'Microcystins', 'Microcystis', 'Nitrogen', 'Peptides, Cyclic']
| 30,952,000
|
[['E05.522'], ['D04.345.566.447', 'D12.644.641.447', 'D23.946.123.574'], ['B03.280.500', 'B03.440.475.100.500'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['D04.345.566', 'D12.644.641']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Characterization of short-lived electrophilic metabolites of the anticancer agent laromustine (VNP40101M).
|
Laromustine (VNP40101M; 1,2-bis(methylsulfonyl)-1-(2-chloroethyl)-2-(methylamino) carbonylhydrazine) is a novel sulfonylhydrazine alkylating agent. Phase 1 metabolism of laromustine was reported recently and showed that laromustine undergoes rearrangement, dehalogenation, and hydrolysis at physiological pH to form active moieties. (1) A mechanism for the rearrangement was proposed on the basis of fragmentation ions. (1) (,) (2) In this article, we report the phase II conjugates of VNP40101M and VNP4090CE which were formed after incubation of VNP40101M or VNP4090CE with pooled human liver microsomes (HLM) and cofactors nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), glutathione (GSH), N-acetylecysteine (NAC), and cysteine (CYS). Eight novel phase II conjugates (M-1 to M-8) were identified and characterized by hydrogen-deuterium exchange (H-D), stable isotope ((13)C-labeled VNP40101M), and MS(n) experiments. M-4 and M-5 were further confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The short-lived CH(3)SO(2)CH(2)CH(2)-, methylformamide and CH(3)SO(2)NHN?CHCH(2)- moieties were generated from VNP40101M. The reactive intermediates CH(3)SO(2)CH(2)CH(2)- and methylformamide formed conjugates with GSH, CYS, and NAC. The CH(3)SO(2)NHN?CHCH(2)- moiety formed conjugates with GSH and NAC. M-2, M-4, and M-6 were only detected from the incubation of VNP40101M because VNP4090CE does not contain a methylformamide group. All other conjugates were formed by both VNP40101M and VNP4090CE. The in vitro studies found that VNP40101M and VNP4090CE undergo activation in human liver microsomes. The results from this study showed that laromustine produces several reactive intermediates that may play a role in the toxicities seen in the clinical trials.
|
['Acetylcysteine', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Carbon Isotopes', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Cysteine', 'Glutathione', 'Humans', 'Hydrazines', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Microsomes, Liver', 'NADP', 'Neoplasms', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization', 'Sulfonamides']
| 21,361,357
|
[['D02.886.030.230.259', 'D12.125.166.230.259'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['D01.268.150.075', 'D01.496.123'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D02.886.030.230', 'D02.886.489.155', 'D12.125.154.299', 'D12.125.166.230'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.442'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['A11.284.835.540.541'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.749', 'D08.211.625', 'D13.695.667.138.749', 'D13.695.827.068.749'], ['C04'], ['E05.196.566.600'], ['D02.065.884', 'D02.886.590.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of hypovolemic hypotensive shock on somatosensory and motor evoked potentials.
|
The utility of evoked potentials in monitoring spinal cord and cerebral function in various neurosurgical and orthopedic operations has now been established. To study the effects of graded hypotension upon spinal and cortical somatosensory evoked potentials (SMEPs), and spinal motor evoked potentials (SMEPs), 12 anesthetized cats were subjected to graded hypotension ranging from a mean arterial blood pressure of 100 mmHg to 30 mmHg or less. Hypotension causes a progressive increase in onset latency and a decrease in amplitude and conduction velocity of SEPs and SMEPs. Cortical SEPs and SMEPs were sensitive to profound hypotension (MAP less than 30 mmHg). Spinal SEPs showed more resistance and disappeared at lower levels of hypotension. Immediate blood transfusion caused resumption of cortical SEPs and SMEPs within 30 minutes after infusion; however, the latency and amplitude of responses did not reach the baseline values within 1 hour after transfusion. The sequential recovery of evoked responses was dependent upon the length of hypotension. When 15 minutes elapsed between loss of responses and transfusion, cortical SEPs and SMEPs did not resume within 1 hour after infusion. No return of signals occurred if 30 minutes elapsed between the loss of evoked responses and blood reperfusion. These findings suggest that ischemia associated with profound systemic hypotension can alter or obliterate evoked responses.
|
['Animals', 'Cats', 'Evoked Potentials', 'Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory', 'Female', 'Homeostasis', 'Hypotension, Controlled', 'Male', 'Motor Cortex', 'Shock', 'Spinal Cord', 'Time Factors']
| 2,918,975
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['G07.265.216.500', 'G11.561.200.500'], ['G07.265.216.500.400', 'G11.561.200.500.400'], ['G07.410'], ['E03.545'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270.548', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.624'], ['C23.550.835'], ['A08.186.854'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Persulfonylation of amines applied to the synthesis of higher generation dendrimers.
|
Systematic analysis of the persulfonylation of branched aromatic oligoamines with different arylsulfonyl chlorides allowed optimization of the repetitive steps involved in the synthesis of the sulfonimide-based dendrimers. The optimized procedures afforded the fourth generation N- and pentaphenylene-centered dendrimers with 16 and 32 peripheral groups, respectively. Analysis of products of incomplete substitution showed that the amino groups in aromatic oligoamines are persulfonylated consecutively.
|
['Amines', 'Dendrimers', 'Molecular Structure', 'Sulfur Compounds']
| 18,358,000
|
[['D02.092'], ['D05.750.327', 'E02.319.300.380.200', 'J01.637.512.600.200'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D01.875', 'D02.886']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Increased expression of the monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 in extrinsic allergic alveolitis.
|
Expression of the CD14 antigen was studied on alveolar macrophages in extrinsic allergic alveolitis (EAA), using immunocytochemistry and cytometry. Compared to control donors, EAA patients had higher percentages of My4 positive cells (40 versus 22%), and the antigen density was fourfold higher (410 versus 92 channels). Levels of soluble CD14 (sCD14) in serum were found to be increased in EAA patients with an average of 4.6 +/- 1.5 micrograms.ml-1 compared to 3.2 +/- 0.7 micrograms.ml-1 in controls. Follow-up of patients with antigen avoidance revealed a concomitant decrease of CD14 staining of alveolar macrophages (AMs) and of sCD14 in serum, whilst allergen exposure induces both parameters. These data are consistent with the concept that antigen contact upregulates CD14 expression on AMs in EAA, followed by shedding and increase of sCD14 in serum.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic', 'Antigens, CD', 'Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lipopolysaccharide Receptors', 'Macrophages, Alveolar', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Monocytes']
| 7,510,201
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C08.381.483.125', 'C08.674.055', 'C20.543.480.680.075'], ['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['D23.050.301.264.900', 'D23.101.100.900'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.395.550.448.100', 'D12.776.543.484.500.100', 'D12.776.543.550.418.100', 'D12.776.543.750.705.045', 'D23.050.301.264.900.045', 'D23.101.100.900.045'], ['A11.329.372.600', 'A11.627.482.600', 'A11.733.397.600', 'A15.382.670.522.600', 'A15.382.680.397.600'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Reality of obesity paradox: Results of percutaneous coronary intervention in Middle Eastern patients.
|
Objective The aim of this study was to assess the baseline clinical characteristics, coronary angiographic features, and adverse cardiovascular events during hospitalization and at 1 year of follow-up in obese patients compared with overweight and normal/underweight patients. Methods A prospective, multicenter study of consecutive patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention was performed. Results Of 2425 enrolled patients, 699 (28.8%) were obese, 1178 (48.6%) were overweight, and 548 (22.6%) were normal/underweight. Obese patients were more likely to be female and to have a higher prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, or previous percutaneous coronary intervention. Acute coronary syndrome was the indication for percutaneous coronary intervention in 77.0% of obese, 76.4% of overweight, and 77.4% of normal/underweight patients. No significant differences in the prevalence of multi-vessel coronary artery disease or multi-vessel percutaneous coronary intervention were found among the three groups. Additionally, no significant differences were found in stent thrombosis, readmission bleeding rates, or cardiac mortality among the three groups during hospitalization, at 1 month, and at 1 year. Conclusion The major adverse cardiovascular event rate was the same among the three groups throughout the study period. Accordingly, body mass index is considered a weak risk factor for cardiovascular comorbidities in Arab Jordanian patients.
|
['Body Mass Index', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Middle East', 'Obesity', 'Percutaneous Coronary Intervention']
| 29,468,911
|
[['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.500'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['E04.100.814.529.968', 'E04.502.382.968']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[Surgical strategy for juxtapapillary ulcers of the duodenum].
|
Results of surgical treatment of 89 patients with ulcer of the duodenum with postbulbar localization were studied. A classification of postbulbar ulcers was proposed taking into consideration the degree of involvement of bile-excreting pathways and major duodenal papilla into the periulcerous process. In extrapapillary ulcers without involvement of bile-excreting pathways in the cicatricial-ulcerous process resection of the stomach after Bilroth I is recommended with performing gastroduodenal anastomosis with a single layer suture. Resection of the stomach supplemented with biliodigestive anastomosis is recommended in cases with suprapapillary ulcers with the involvement of choledochus. Mechanical jaundice complicated by juxtapapillary ulcer can be cut off by endoscopic papillosphincterotomy. Fulfillment of pancreatoduodenal resection is possible in cases of deep injury of the pancreatic head.
|
['Adult', 'Ampulla of Vater', 'Anastomosis, Surgical', 'Duodenal Ulcer', 'Humans', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic', 'Stomach']
| 21,506,351
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A03.159.183.079.300.950', 'A03.556.124.684.124.236', 'A03.556.875.249.160', 'A03.734.667.500'], ['E04.035'], ['C06.405.469.275.800.348', 'C06.405.748.586.349'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N04.761.700.350.650', 'N05.700.350.650'], ['A03.556.875.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Multiplex RT-PCR for the detection of common BCR-ABL fusion transcripts in paraffin-embedded tissues from patients with chronic myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
|
Diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia requires the investigation of the Philadelphia chromosome translocation t(9;22) or the molecular detection of BCR-ABL fusion transcripts. Determination of the type of fusion transcript is crucial for quantitative molecular monitoring the course of the disease during treatment. Histopathologists, who usually use formalin-fixed tissues, may be confronted with the need to investigate the BCR-ABL rearrangement when evaluating tumor forming infiltrates and bone marrow trephines from patients presenting with chronic myeloproliferative disorders. Therefore, we have established a one-tube multiplex RT-PCR for the detection of common BCR-ABL fusion transcripts (b2a2, b3a2, e1a2) in routinely processed tissues and bone marrow trephines with respect to the inevitable fragmentation of ribonucleic acids in these specimens. RT-PCR products allow distinct and unequivocal differentiation of the underlying fusion in either the Major- or minor-breakpoint cluster region. Detection of BCR-ABL fusion transcripts by multiplex RT-PCR in routinely processed and fixed tissues is a time- and cost-sparing tool for definite diagnosis of typical chronic myeloid leukemia and Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
|
['Bone Marrow Cells', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'DNA Primers', 'DNA, Neoplasm', 'Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl', 'Humans', 'Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive', 'Paraffin Embedding', 'Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma', 'RNA, Neoplasm', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 12,960,692
|
[['A11.148', 'A15.378.316'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D13.444.308.425'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.500.500', 'D12.776.602.500.500.100', 'D12.776.624.664.500.100', 'D12.776.624.664.700.171.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.337.539.250', 'C15.378.190.636.370'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.440.610', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.440.610', 'E05.200.500.620.760.440.610', 'E05.200.750.600.760.440.610'], ['C04.557.337.428.600', 'C15.604.515.560.600', 'C20.683.515.528.600'], ['D13.444.735.615'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Bias in treatment trials.
|
Rigorous treatment trials exhibit a number of key features to guard against bias. Randomization, blinding (of patients, care staff and assessors), full follow-up on all patients, and 'intention-to-treat' analyses all contribute to removing bias so that any true treatment effect can be revealed. This article outlines the rationale behind these features and advises how bias in treatment trials can be assessed.
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['Bias', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Patient Selection', 'Random Allocation', 'Single-Blind Method', 'Therapeutic Equivalency', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 10,621,819
|
[['N05.715.350.150', 'N06.850.490.500'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.581.500.653', 'N04.590.731'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['E05.318.370.850', 'N05.715.360.325.730', 'N06.850.520.445.850'], ['G03.787.559', 'G07.690.725.898'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
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| 0
| 1
| 0
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Wegener's granulomatosis: role of environmental exposures.
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OBJECTIVE: The etiology of Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) remains unknown. The predominant involvement of the airways and the presence of neutrophilic alveolitis at disease onset have led us to postulate that an inhaled agent may trigger the onset of WG. This study is designed to analyze differences in self-reported environmental exposures between patients with WG and various control populations.METHODS: We conducted a standard interviewer-administered questionnaire case controlled survey of 101 patients with WG, 54 healthy controls, 24 patients with sarcoidosis or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and 45 patients with various inflammatory rheumatologic diseases. We assessed environmental exposures for one year prior to the onset of symptoms or prior to the interview date for healthy controls.RESULTS: Seasonal differences in the onset of WG were not apparent. More than 75% of the patients in all groups noted remarkable environmental exposure to inhaled substances (fumes or particulate matter), within one year prior to disease onset for WG and other diseases or prior to the interview date for healthy controls. Differences between WG and control groups were apparent in several categories of exposure. Statistically significant differences occurred in regard to a vocational exposure to fumes or particulate materials (WG > healthy controls and rheumatic disease controls), residential exposure to particulate materials from construction (WG > pulmonary disease controls) and occupational exposure to pesticides (WG > healthy, pulmonary and rheumatic disease controls).CONCLUSION: This study confirms the absence of seasonal differences in the onset of WG. It also demonstrates high rates of self-reported environmental exposures to inhaled substances in WG and all control populations. It is possible that more significant differences in the quality, quantity and intensity of exposure to inhaled potential precipitants of WG had occurred between groups, but were not detected by our survey. Alternatively, the absence of substantial differences in patients with WG and controls may reflect the more important role of host susceptibility factors.
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['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Air Pollutants', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Child', 'Disease Susceptibility', 'Female', 'Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis', 'Humans', 'Inhalation Exposure', 'Male', 'Maryland', 'Middle Aged', 'Ohio', 'Pulmonary Fibrosis', 'Rheumatic Diseases', 'Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary', 'Seasons', 'Self Disclosure', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 9,844,758
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.888.284.101'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C23.550.291.687', 'G07.100.250'], ['C08.381.483.950', 'C14.907.940.897.249.750', 'C20.111.193.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.850.460.350.112'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.418', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.512', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.540', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.540'], ['C08.381.765'], ['C05.799', 'C17.300.775'], ['C08.381.483.725', 'C15.604.515.827.725'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['F01.752.747.792.662'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
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| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
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Is the risk of bipolar disorder in twins equal to the risk in singletons? A nationwide register-based study.
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BACKGROUND: A previous study demonstrated a higher rate of schizophrenia in dizygotic twins than in the general population, and a higher rate of schizophrenia in siblings of dizygotic twins than in siblings of monozygotic twins and singletons, pointing to a common genetic predisposition for dizygotic twinning and schizophrenia. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether these findings also apply to bipolar disorder.METHODS: Through record linkage between The Danish Twin Register, The Danish Psychiatric Central Register and The Danish Civil Registration System, the rate of bipolar disorder (diagnosed for the first time during admission to hospital) in dizygotic and monozygotic twins was compared with the rate in singletons, and the rate in siblings and parents of twins was compared with the rate in siblings and parents of singletons.RESULTS: The rate of bipolar disorder was the same in dizygotic twins, monozygotic twins and singletons as well as for parents and siblings of dizygotic twins, monozygotic twins and singletons.LIMITATIONS: The study is a register-based study, only including hospitalized patients.CONCLUSION: This study shows that there is an equal rate of bipolar disorder in twins and in singletons. Assuming that DZ twinning is under some genetic influence, a differential relationship between schizophrenia and DZ twinning on one hand and bipolar disorder and DZ twinning on the other hand may suggest differences in the genetic basis of the two diseases. The finding that the rate of bipolar disorder in monozygotic twins is the same as the rate of bipolar disorder in singletons supports studies finding no association between bipolar disorder and obstetric complications.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Bipolar Disorder', 'Cohort Studies', 'Denmark', 'Female', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Registries', 'Risk Factors', 'Siblings', 'Twins, Dizygotic', 'Twins, Monozygotic']
| 15,306,139
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F03.084.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['Z01.542.816.124'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.829.263.500.490', 'I01.880.853.150.500.505', 'M01.781'], ['M01.438.873.920'], ['M01.438.873.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
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Fluoroquinolone antibiotics determination in piggeries environmental waters.
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To trace the contamination and evaluate the environmental impact of piggeries, the occurrence of norfloxacin (NOR), ciprofloxacin (CIPRO), enrofloxacin (ENRO) and sarafloxacin (SARA) residues were evaluated in water for swine consumption, piggeries' wastewaters, drainage waters and a river receiving piggery effluents. Water samples were acidified before being percolated through Oasis HLB cartridges or through a tandem system consisting of strong anion-exchange and Oasis HLB cartridges. A liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (LC-FD) method developed in previous studies, based on the use of a monolithic column, was successfully applied. NOR, CIPRO, ENRO and SARA had good linear responses, with mean regression coefficients higher than 0.9989. The limits of quantification (LOQ) for waters for swine consumption, and a river receiving piggery effluents, were 0.025 ug L(-1) for NOR, CIPRO and ENRO and 0.05 ug L(-1) for SARA. For wastewaters and drainage waters, the LOQs were 0.05 ug L(-1) for CIPRO and ENRO and 0.1 ug L(-1) for SARA. Recoveries obtained for spiked samples ranged from 70.8 to 89.1%, and precision data were under 12.7%. The method was successfully applied to 18 environmental water samples, collected from piggeries in Alentejo, Portugal, and the first Portuguese data are presented. ENRO was detected in a total of 8 samples, at concentrations ranging between 0.31 microg L(-1) and 63 microg L(-1). CIPRO, its degradation product, and SARA were present in 2 samples, in the ranges 0.48-0.83 microg L(-1) and 1.8-14 microg L(-1), respectively. No fluoroquinolones were detected in the waters for swine consumption or in the river water samples.
|
['Animal Husbandry', 'Animals', 'Animals, Domestic', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Fluoroquinolones', 'Limit of Detection', 'Rivers', 'Swine', 'Waste Disposal, Fluid', 'Water', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 20,445,852
|
[['J01.040.090'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322'], ['E05.318.740.872.374', 'N05.715.360.750.725.500', 'N06.850.520.830.872.500'], ['G01.311.750', 'G16.500.275.280.650', 'N06.230.232.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
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[Accurate placement of central venous catheter--ECG-guided method vs patient height method].
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Correct positioning of central venous catheters (CVC) is important. We compared the positioning of CVCs by ECG-monitoring via the guidewire and that by method using patient height. "Certofix" triple-lumen CVCs were inserted in 60 cardiac surgical patients via right internal jugular puncture. Of these, 30 were placed with ECG guidance via the guidewire (Group ECG), and 30 with reference to patient height (modified Pere's method) (Group H). The distance from CVC tip to the superior vena cava/right atrial junction (C-J distance) was measured by postoperative chest X-ray. There was no difference in height between the two groups. The depth of insertion of CVC and C-J distance (cm) were 15.1 +/- 0.3 and 3.6 +/- 2.0 in group H and 14.3 +/- 1.5 and 4.9 +/- 1.2 in group ECG, respectively, with no statistically significant differences between the two groups. In one case of group H, the catheter tip was placed in the right atrium. In group ECG, there was a significant correlation between height and the depth of insertion of CVC. In conclusion, ECG guidance via the guidewire is useful for avoiding CVC displacement.
|
['Aged', 'Body Height', 'Catheterization, Central Venous', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Monitoring, Physiologic']
| 11,840,660
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160.100', 'E05.041.124.160.500', 'G07.100.100.160.100', 'G07.345.249.314.100'], ['E02.148.167', 'E04.100.814.529.875', 'E04.502.382.875', 'E05.157.313'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.520']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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Genetic diversity among clonal lineages within Escherichia coli O157:H7 stepwise evolutionary model.
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Escherichia coli O157:H7 variants were examined for trait mutations and by molecular subtyping to better define clonal complexes postulated on the O157:H7 evolution model. Strains of beta-glucuronidase-positive, sorbitol-negative O157:H7 isolated in United States and Japan were identical to A5 clonal strain and shared sequence type (ST)-65 by multilocus sequence typing (MLST); thus, they belong in A5. However, these strains exhibited pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profile differences that suggested genomic divergence between populations. Sorbitol-fermenting O157 (SFO157) strains from Finland, Scotland, and Germany were identical to A4 clonal strain and belong in A4. Some SFO157 strains, isolated years apart and from different countries, had identical PFGE profiles, suggesting a common origin. Despite similarities, some Finnish and Scottish and all of the German strains have ST-75 ("German clone"), whereas others have ST-76, a new variant ("Scottish clone"). MLST of strains in other clonal complexes also discriminated strains thought to be identical and showed that genetic differences will further distinguish clonal populations into subclones.
|
['Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field', 'Escherichia coli Infections', 'Escherichia coli O157', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Genetic Variation', 'Humans']
| 18,217,554
|
[['E05.196.401.220', 'E05.301.300.220'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.330'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300.800.250.500', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100.800.250.500'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['G05.365'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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The noise-resilient brain: Resting-state oscillatory activity predicts words-in-noise recognition.
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The role of neuronal oscillations in the processing of speech has recently come to prominence. Since resting-state (RS) brain activity has been shown to predict both task-related brain activation and behavioural performance, we set out to establish whether inter-individual differences in spectrally-resolved RS-MEG power are associated with variations in words-in-noise recognition in a sample of 88 participants made available by the Human Connectome Project. Positive associations with resilience to noise were observed with power in the range 21 and 29 Hz in a number of areas along the left temporal gyrus and temporo-parietal association areas peaking in left posterior superior temporal gyrus (pSTG). Significant associations were also found in the right posterior superior temporal gyrus in the frequency range 30-40 Hz. We propose that individual differences in words-in-noise performance are related to baseline excitability levels of the neural substrates of phonological processing.
|
['Acoustic Stimulation', 'Adult', 'Brain', 'Brain Mapping', 'Female', 'Forecasting', 'Humans', 'Magnetoencephalography', 'Male', 'Noise', 'Recognition, Psychology', 'Rest', 'Speech', 'Speech Perception', 'Young Adult']
| 31,918,321
|
[['E02.037', 'E02.190.888.030', 'E05.723.136'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['I01.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.376.500', 'E01.370.405.440', 'E05.540.500'], ['G01.750.770.776.567', 'G16.500.275.600', 'N06.230.400', 'N06.850.460.610'], ['F02.463.425.540.706'], ['I03.450.769.647'], ['F01.145.209.908.677', 'G11.561.812', 'L01.559.423.676'], ['F02.463.593.071.875', 'G07.888.125.875'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Adenoma with multiple hyperplastic nodules in noncirrhotic liver possibly related to long-term administration of a hypolipidemic drug.
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Described here is an autopsy case of a 76-year-old woman with preneoplastic and other adenomatous hepatocellular lesions. Multiple small hyperplastic liver foci with PAS positive reaction and adenomatous nodular lesions were noted in a non-cirrhotic liver. These lesions resembled altered foci or neoplastic nodules which are currently regarded as premalignant changes in experimental animal models. It is suggested that the liver lesions of this woman may be related to long-term administration of hypolipidemic drug clofibrate for hypercholesteremia and the lesions could be one of the precursor changes of human hepatocellular carcinoma.
|
['Aged', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Clofibrate', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypercholesterolemia', 'Hyperplasia', 'Hypertension', 'Liver', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Precancerous Conditions']
| 6,287,798
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['D02.241.081.114.968.500.500.195', 'D02.355.726.305.500.195', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.654.305.500.195'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.584.500.500.396'], ['C23.550.444'], ['C14.907.489'], ['A03.620'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['C04.834']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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Mobile application for the evaluation and planning of nursing workload in the intensive care unit.
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OBJECTIVE: In this study, we present an application type software which employs the Nursing Activities Score (NAS), a management tool for measuring nursing workload prospectively.METHOD: The system was developed in two modules: WEB (controlled from an Internet browser) for data administration using Java Script; and APP (operated from a smartphone or tablet device) for data acquisition using Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP). White and black box tests were performed in the software.RESULTS: A software was developed with an interface that allows the calculation of the scale score by the same professional who provided assistance, generating reports to help nursing management. The functional test was successfully performed using the Android operational system.CONCLUSION: The efficiency of the software was demonstrated by the functional test and the main innovations brought herein are the prospective use and the generation of management reports, which can contribute positively by improving nursing quality and safety in the intensive care unit.
|
['Data Management', 'Humans', 'Intensive Care Units', 'Internet', 'Mobile Applications', 'Prospective Studies', 'Smartphone', 'Workload']
| 32,179,255
|
[['L01.399.375', 'L01.453.233', 'L01.470.563'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.388.493'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['L01.224.900.685'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['L01.178.847.698.300.250', 'L01.224.230.260.550.500.750'], ['I03.946.225.500', 'N04.452.677.650.500']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
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Molecular characterization and inhibition analysis of the acetylcholinesterase gene from the silkworm maggot, Exorista sorbillans.
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Several organophosphorus (OP) insecticides can selectively kill the silkworm maggot, Exorista sorbillans (Es) (Diptera: Tachinidae), while not obviously affecting the host (Bombyx mori) larvae, but the mechanism is not yet clear. In this study, the cDNA encoding an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) from the field Es was isolated. One point mutation (Gly353Ala) was identified. The Es-353G AChE and Es-353A AChE were expressed in baculovirus- insect cell system, respectively. The inhibition results showed that for eserine and Chlorpyrifos, Es-353A AChE was significantly less sensitive than Es-353G AChE. Meanwhile, comparison of the I(50) values of eserine, dichlorvos, Chlorpyrifos and omethoate of recombinant Es AChEs with its host (Bombyx mori) AChEs indicated that, both Es AChEs are more sensitive than B. mori AChEs. The results give an insight of the mechanism that some OP insecticides can selectively kills Es while without distinct effect on its host, B. mori.
|
['Acetylcholinesterase', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Amino Acid Substitution', 'Animals', 'Bombyx', 'Cholinesterase Inhibitors', 'Diptera', 'Insecticides', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Point Mutation', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Sequence Alignment']
| 20,797,321
|
[['D08.811.277.352.100.170.176'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['E05.393.420.601.035', 'G05.558.109'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.937.650.100'], ['D27.505.519.389.275', 'D27.505.519.625.120.300', 'D27.505.696.577.120.300'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750'], ['D27.720.031.700.491', 'D27.888.723.491'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590.675'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E05.393.751']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Transutricular seminal vesiculoscopy in the management of symptomatic midline cyst of the prostate.
|
PURPOSE: To evaluate the utility of transutricular seminal vesiculoscopy as a diagnostic and therapeutic option for symptomatic midline cyst of the prostate in patients with hematospermia and symptoms associated with prostatitis.MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2005 to July 2013, 61 patients with symptomatic (hematospermia, pain on ejaculation, scrotal discomfort) midline cyst of the prostate, who did not improve with medication within a 4-week period, were included. Diagnosis of a midline cyst of the prostate was based on an anechoic round or spheroid-shaped lesion in the median, above the level of the verumontanum, extending into the prostatic base on transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS). All patients underwent transutricular seminal vesiculoscopy using a 9.0 Fr rigid ureteroscope and Bugbee electrode. Medical records, the Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI), and TRUS were used for assessment for more than 3 months after the procedure.RESULTS: Of the 61 patients, 32 (52.4 %) had hematospermia, 20 (32.7 %) had symptoms associated with chronic pelvic pain syndrome, such as perineal pain, scrotal discomfort, and testicular pain, and nine (14.7 %) patients had ejaculatory disturbances, such as painful or uncomfortable ejaculation and anejaculation as major complaints/symptoms. In endoscopic findings, hemorrhage was present in the dilation of the prostatic utricle and in the seminal vesicle in 11 (18.0 %) and 21 (34.4 %) of the patients, respectively. Calculi were found in the dilation of the prostatic utricle and in the seminal vesicle in 12 (19.7 %) and six (9.8 %), respectively. Hematospermia resolved in 29 of 32 (90.6 %) patients after transutricular seminal vesiculoscopy. In 29 patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome and ejaculatory disturbances, NIH-CPSI scores improved, from 19.0 ± 3.8 to 11.8 ± 3.6 (p < 0.001), after treatment. The pain domain and quality-of-life domain scores of the NIH-CPSI were better postsurgery than presurgery (p < 0.001). Acute epididymitis, as a postoperative complication, was observed in two patients (3.3 %).CONCLUSIONS: There are various endoscopic findings in the dilation of prostatic utricle and seminal vesicle such as hemorrhage, calculi or/and purulent material in the patients with midline cyst of the prostate. The role of transutricular seminal vesiculoscopy in reducing symptoms may be mediated through the effects of endoscopic fenestration, removal of blood clots, calculi, or whitish debris and/or electrocautery of intracystic hemorrhage. This endoscopic technique enables useful diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for symptomatic midline cysts of the prostate.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cysts', 'Endoscopy', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prostatic Diseases', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Seminal Vesicles', 'Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male']
| 26,387,919
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.182', 'C23.300.306'], ['E01.370.388.250', 'E04.502.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C12.294.565'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['A05.360.444.713'], ['E04.950.774.860']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Does a "one-stop" gynecology screening clinic for women in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer families have an impact on their psychological morbidity and perception of health?
|
Screening programs can reduce the burden of disease, however, they can be associated with raised levels of anxiety. The risk of endometrial and ovarian cancer is increased in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). There is no prospective evidence to support screening for gynecological disease in HNPCC, however, current recommendations include the use of ultrasound and endometrial biopsy. This study assesses the impact of screening for gynecological cancer on self-reported symptoms of anxiety, depression, and perceptions of health. Women from HNPCC families attending gynecological screening (n = 26) completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the ShortForm36v2 questionnaires prior to screening with transvaginal ultrasound, outpatient/office hysteroscopy, endometrial biopsy, and ovarian tumor marker assessment (CA125). The same questionnaires were completed at 3 and 6 months following screening (15/26). Women in HNPCC families attending for gynecological screening did not have excess symptoms of anxiety or depression at baseline in subjective comparison to other populations. The process of screening and false positive screening results had no significant impact on symptoms of anxiety and depression or perceptions of health. We conclude that within the limitations of analysis in this small study group, screening for gynecological disease in HNPCC does not appear to be associated with any psychological morbidity.
|
['Adult', 'Anxiety', 'Attitude to Health', 'Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis', 'Depression', 'Female', 'Genital Neoplasms, Female', 'Humans', 'Mass Screening', 'Perception']
| 17,587,321
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.132'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.190', 'C04.700.250', 'C06.301.371.411.307.190', 'C06.405.249.411.307.190', 'C06.405.469.158.356.190', 'C06.405.469.491.307.190', 'C16.320.700.250', 'C18.452.284.255'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['C04.588.945.418', 'C13.351.937.418'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['F02.463.593']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Pulmonary carcinoid tumors--ten years experience].
|
Pulmonary carcinoid tumors are rare, accounting for as many as 2% of all pulmonary neoplasms and for 10% of carcinoid tumors overall. Previously classified as bronchial adenomas, actually are classified as neuroendocrine tumors. They have a subclassification into typical classed as low-grade malignant neoplasm and atypical more aggressive, with more potential to cause local invasion. In this paper, the authors report a retrospective study of 25 patients, who had the diagnosis of pulmonary carcinoid tumors and had been operated between January of 1994 and August of 2004. We conclude that this tumors must be considered malignant in the surgical approach.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Carcinoid Tumor', 'Child', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 15,895,123
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.200', 'C04.557.470.200.025.200', 'C04.557.580.625.650.200'], ['M01.060.406'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Becoming a community matron: the transition from acute to primary care.
|
Community matrons are an important part of the policy of community-based management of long-term conditions. In contrast to some early conceptions of the role, community matrons can come from all areas of nursing. This article draws together two personal accounts by nurses from one primary care trust who have made the transition from acute care to community matron, and highlights the learning process they and their colleagues have undergone.
|
['Career Mobility', 'Case Management', 'Clinical Competence', 'Community Health Nursing', 'England', 'Humans', 'Nurse Administrators', 'Personnel Selection', 'Primary Nursing', 'Staff Development', 'Task Performance and Analysis']
| 17,044,246
|
[['N01.824.245.175', 'N01.824.547.330'], ['N04.590.233.624.250'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['H02.478.676.150', 'N02.421.143.150'], ['Z01.542.363.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.526.070.670', 'M01.526.485.650.580', 'N02.360.650.580'], ['N04.452.677.500'], ['N02.421.533.760'], ['I02.574.700', 'N04.452.677.822'], ['F02.784.412.846', 'F02.784.692.746', 'F02.808.600']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Staphylococcus aureus â-toxin production is common in strains with the â-toxin gene inactivated by bacteriophage.
|
BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus causes life-threatening infections, including infective endocarditis, sepsis, and pneumonia. â-toxin is a sphingomyelinase encoded for by virtually all S. aureus strains and exhibits human immune cell cytotoxicity. The toxin enhances S. aureus phenol-soluble modulin activity, and its activity is enhanced by superantigens. The bacteriophage öSa3 inserts into the â-toxin gene in human strains, inactivating it in the majority of S. aureus clonal groups. Hence, most strains are reported not to secrete â-toxin.METHODS: This dynamic was investigated by examining â-toxin production by multiple clonal groups of S. aureus, both in vitro and in vivo during infections in rabbit models of infective endocarditis, sepsis, and pneumonia.RESULTS: â-toxin phenotypic variants are common among strains containing öSa3. In vivo, öSa3 is differentially induced in heart vegetations, kidney abscesses, and ischemic liver compared to spleen and blood, and in vitro growth in liquid culture. Furthermore, in pneumonia, wild-type â-toxin production leads to development of large caseous lesions, and in infective endocarditis, increases the size of pathognomonic vegetations.CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the dynamic interaction between S. aureus and the infected host, where öSa3 serves as a regulator of virulence gene expression, and increased fitness and virulence in new environments.
|
['Animals', 'Bacterial Toxins', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Endocarditis, Bacterial', 'Gene Silencing', 'Hemolysin Proteins', 'Mutagenesis, Insertional', 'Pneumonia, Staphylococcal', 'Prophages', 'Rabbits', 'Recombination, Genetic', 'Sepsis', 'Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase', 'Staphylococcus Phages', 'Staphylococcus aureus']
| 24,620,023
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.946.123'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['C01.150.252.245', 'C01.190.249', 'C14.260.249', 'C14.280.282.407'], ['G05.308.203.374'], ['D12.776.543.695.444'], ['E05.393.420.601.550', 'G05.365.590.575', 'G05.558.550'], ['C01.150.252.410.868.675', 'C01.150.252.620.620', 'C01.748.610.540.620', 'C08.381.677.540.620', 'C08.730.610.540.620'], ['B04.123.655'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['G05.728'], ['C01.757', 'C23.550.470.790.500'], ['D08.811.277.352.640.750'], ['B04.123.831'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Delay in seeking care for tuberculosis symptoms among adults newly diagnosed with HIV in rural Malawi.
|
SETTING: Ten primary health clinics in rural Thyolo District, Malawi.OBJECTIVE: Tuberculosis (TB) is a common initial presentation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We investigated the time from TB symptom onset to HIV diagnosis to describe TB health-seeking behaviour in adults newly diagnosed with HIV.DESIGN: We asked adults (?18 years) about the presence and duration of TB symptoms at the time of receiving a new HIV diagnosis. Associations with delayed health seeking (defined as >30 and >90 days from the onset of TB symptoms) were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression.RESULTS: TB symptoms were reported by 416 of 1265 participants (33%), of whom 36% (150/416) had been symptomatic for >30 days before HIV testing. Most participants (260/416, 63%) were below the poverty line (US$0.41 per household member per day). Patients who first sought care from informal providers had an increased odds of delay of >30 days (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.6, 95%CI 0.9-2.8) or 90 days (aOR 2.0, 95%CI 1.1-3.8).CONCLUSIONS: Delayed health seeking for TB-related symptoms was common. Poverty was ubiquitous, but had no clear relationship to diagnostic delay. HIV-positive individuals who first sought care from informal providers were more likely to experience diagnostic delays for TB symptoms.
|
['Adult', 'Coinfection', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Delayed Diagnosis', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Malawi', 'Male', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care', 'Poverty', 'Rural Population', 'Time Factors', 'Tuberculosis']
| 29,471,905
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C01.218'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E01.110', 'E02.760.273', 'N02.421.585.273'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['Z01.058.290.175.500'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['F01.100.150.750.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500'], ['I01.880.735.634', 'I01.880.853.996.535', 'N01.824.600'], ['N01.600.725'], ['G01.910.857'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Protochlamydia naegleriophila as etiologic agent of pneumonia.
|
Using ameba coculture, we grew a Naegleria endosymbiont. Phenotypic, genetic, and phylogenetic analyses supported its affiliation as Protochlamydia naegleriophila sp. nov. We then developed a specific diagnostic PCR for Protochlamydia spp. When applied to bronchoalveolar lavages, results of this PCR were positive for 1 patient with pneumonia. Further studies are needed to assess the role of Protochlamydia spp. in pneumonia.
|
['Acanthamoeba castellanii', 'Animals', 'Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid', 'Chlamydia Infections', 'Chlamydiales', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Humans', 'Naegleria', 'Pneumonia, Bacterial', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction']
| 18,258,101
|
[['B01.046.500.100.075.080.150'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.927.100.500'], ['C01.150.252.400.210.125', 'C01.150.252.734.301', 'C01.221.812.281.301', 'C01.778.281.301', 'C12.294.668.281.301', 'C13.351.500.711.281.301'], ['B03.440.190'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.046.500.700.710'], ['C01.150.252.620', 'C01.748.610.540', 'C08.381.677.540', 'C08.730.610.540'], ['E05.393.620.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Myosin isoform expression in the prehensile tails of didelphid marsupials: functional differences between arboreal and terrestrial opossums.
|
Prehensile tails are defined as having the ability to grasp objects and are commonly used as a fifth appendage during arboreal locomotion. Despite the independent evolution of tail prehensility in numerous mammalian genera, data relating muscle structure, physiology, and function of prehensile tails are largely incomplete. Didelphid marsupials make an excellent model to relate myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform fiber type with structure/function of caudal muscles, as all opossums have a prehensile tail and tail use varies between arboreal and terrestrial forms. Expanding on our previous work in the Virginia opossum, this study tests the hypothesis that arboreal and terrestrial opossums differentially express faster versus slower MHC isoforms, respectively. MHC isoform expression and percent fiber type distribution were determined in the flexor caudae longus (FCL) muscle of Caluromys derbianus (arboreal) and Monodelphis domestica (terrestrial), using a combination of gel electrophoresis and immunohistochemistry analyses. C. derbianus expresses three MHC isoforms (1, 2A, 2X) that are distributed (mean percentage) as 8.2% MHC-1, 2.6% 1/2A, and 89.2% 2A/X hybrid fibers. M. domestica also expresses MHC-1, 2A, and 2X, in addition to the 2B isoform, distributed as 17.0% MHC-1, 1.3% 1/2A, 9.0% 2A, 75.2% 2A/X, and 0.3% 2X/B hybrid fibers. The distribution of similar isoform fiber types differed significantly between species (P < 0.001). Although not statistically significant, C. derbianus was observed to have larger cross-sectional area (CSA) for each corresponding fiber type along with a greater amount of extra-cellular matrix. An overall faster fiber type composition (and larger fibers) in the tail of an arboreal specialist supports our hypothesis, and correlates with higher muscle force required for tail hanging and arboreal maneuvering on terminal substrates. Conversely, a broader distribution of highly oxidative fibers in the caudal musculature is well suited for tail nest building/remodeling behaviors of terrestrial opossums.
|
['Animals', 'Blotting, Western', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Locomotion', 'Muscle Fibers, Skeletal', 'Myosin Heavy Chains', 'Opossums', 'Protein Isoforms']
| 24,832,677
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['G07.568.500', 'G11.427.410.568'], ['A10.690.552.500.500', 'A11.620.249'], ['D05.750.078.730.475.100', 'D08.811.277.040.025.193.750.249', 'D12.776.210.500.600.100', 'D12.776.220.525.475.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.573.575'], ['D12.776.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pectenotoxin-2 synthetic studies. 1. Alkoxide precoordination to [Rh(NBD)(DIPHOS-4)]BF(4) allows directed hydrogenation of a 2,3-dihydrofuran-3-ol without competing furan production.
|
[reaction: see text] The alkoxide-directed hydrogenation shown is reported as a key step in a concise synthesis of a fully functionalized precursor to the C29-C40 F/G sector of pectenotoxin-2.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Furans', 'Hydrogen', 'Macrolides', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Oxides', 'Pyrans']
| 11,893,190
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['D03.383.312'], ['D01.268.406', 'D01.362.340'], ['D02.540.505', 'D02.540.576.500', 'D04.345.674.500'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['D01.248.497.158.685', 'D01.650.550'], ['D03.383.663']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The prospects of a subnanometer focused neon ion beam.
|
The success of the helium ion microscope has encouraged extensions of this technology to produce beams of other ion species. A review of the various candidate ion beams and their technical prospects suggest that a neon beam might be the most readily achieved. Such a neon beam would provide a sputtering yield that exceeds helium by an order of magnitude while still offering a theoretical probe size less than 1-nm. This article outlines the motivation for a neon gas field ion source, the expected performance through simulations, and provides an update of our experimental progress.
|
['Ions', 'Microscopy', 'Neon', 'Research']
| 21,796,647
|
[['D01.248.497'], ['E01.370.350.515', 'E05.595', 'H01.671.617.562'], ['D01.268.613.600', 'D01.362.641.592'], ['H01.770.644']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[The immunosuppressive activity of Shigella sonnei differing by the presence of plasmid pSS120].
|
S. sonnei virulent strain containing invasiveness plasmid pSS120 was found to suppress delayed hypersensitivity (DH) to nonbacterial antigens. In the filtrate of the culture of this strain extracellular lipopolysaccharide (LPS), capable of inducing immunosuppressing activity in nonvirulent bacteria, was detected. S. sonnei strain having plasmid pSS120 whose invasiveness genes were blocked by the penetration of transposon Tn5, as well as strains containing no invasiveness plasmid, proved to be nonvirulent and could not inhibit immunosuppressing action. Extracellular LPS of nonvirulent strains had no inductive immunosuppressing activity. But it could be activated by chemical treatment. The results of this study indicate that the immunosuppressing action of S. sonnei LPS were linked with some genes of invasiveness plasmid pSS120.
|
['Animals', 'DNA Transposable Elements', 'Escherichia coli', 'Hypersensitivity, Delayed', 'Immune Tolerance', 'Immunization', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Plasmids', 'Shigella sonnei', 'Virulence']
| 9,460,870
|
[['B01.050'], ['D13.444.308.520', 'G02.111.570.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.340.024.425.200'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['C20.543.418'], ['G12.535.425'], ['E02.095.465.425.400', 'E05.478.550', 'N02.421.726.758.310', 'N06.850.780.200.425', 'N06.850.780.680.310'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['G05.360.600'], ['B03.440.450.425.850.800', 'B03.660.250.150.730.710'], ['G06.930']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of body mass index on recurrences in tamoxifen and anastrozole treated women: an exploratory analysis from the ATAC trial.
|
PURPOSE: Third-generation aromatase inhibitors have been widely used in postmenopausal women for the adjuvant treatment of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. As aromatase inhibitors work by inhibiting the conversion of androgens to estrogens in adipose tissue, we hypothesized that anastrozole may be more effective in women with a high body mass index (BMI).PATIENTS AND METHODS: The Arimidex, Tamoxifen Alone or in Combination (ATAC) study was a double-blind randomized clinical trial in which postmenopausal women with early-stage breast cancer were randomly assigned to receive oral daily anastrozole (1 mg) alone, tamoxifen (20 mg) alone, or the combination in a double-blind fashion. Analyses were based on the 100-month median follow-up for women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancers (estrogen [ER] and/or progesterone [PgR] positive). Here, we investigate the impact of BMI on recurrence and the relative benefit of anastrozole versus tamoxifen according to baseline BMI. Results Overall, women with a high BMI (BMI > 35 kg/m(2)) at baseline had more recurrences than those women with a low BMI (BMI < 23 kg/m(2); adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.39; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.82; P(heterogeneity) = .03) and significantly more distant recurrences (adjusted HR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.61; P(heterogeneity) = .01). Overall, the relative benefit of anastrozole versus tamoxifen was nonsignificantly better in thin women compared to overweight women.CONCLUSION: These results confirm the poorer prognosis of obese women with early-stage breast cancer. Recurrence rates were lower for anastrozole than tamoxifen for all BMI quintiles. Our results suggest that the relative efficacy of anastrozole compared to tamoxifen is greater in thin postmenopausal women and higher doses or more complete inhibitors might be more effective in overweight women, but this requires independent confirmation.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Anastrozole', 'Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal', 'Aromatase Inhibitors', 'Body Mass Index', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Estrogen Antagonists', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Nitriles', 'Tamoxifen', 'Triazoles']
| 20,547,990
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D02.626.218', 'D03.383.129.799.275'], ['D27.505.954.248.169'], ['D27.505.519.389.870.300', 'D27.505.696.399.450.327.149', 'D27.505.696.399.450.855.300'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['D06.347.295', 'D27.505.696.399.450.327'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['D02.626'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700.900'], ['D03.383.129.799']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Primary cilia are not calcium-responsive mechanosensors.
|
Primary cilia are solitary, generally non-motile, hair-like protrusions that extend from the surface of cells between cell divisions. Their antenna-like structure leads naturally to the assumption that they sense the surrounding environment, the most common hypothesis being sensation of mechanical force through calcium-permeable ion channels within the cilium. This Ca(2+)-responsive mechanosensor hypothesis for primary cilia has been invoked to explain a large range of biological responses, from control of left-right axis determination in embryonic development to adult progression of polycystic kidney disease and some cancers. Here we report the complete lack of mechanically induced calcium increases in primary cilia, in tissues upon which this hypothesis has been based. We developed a transgenic mouse, Arl13b-mCherry-GECO1.2, expressing a ratiometric genetically encoded calcium indicator in all primary cilia. We then measured responses to flow in primary cilia of cultured kidney epithelial cells, kidney thick ascending tubules, crown cells of the embryonic node, kinocilia of inner ear hair cells, and several cell lines. Cilia-specific Ca(2+) influxes were not observed in physiological or even highly supraphysiological levels of fluid flow. We conclude that mechanosensation, if it originates in primary cilia, is not via calcium signalling.
|
['Animals', 'Calcium', 'Calcium Signaling', 'Cilia', 'Embryo, Mammalian', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Female', 'Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Mechanotransduction, Cellular', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Models, Biological']
| 27,007,841
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['G02.111.820.800.100', 'G03.143.500.100', 'G04.835.800.100'], ['A11.284.180.165'], ['A16.254'], ['A11.436'], ['A08.675.650.250.250', 'A08.675.650.915.750.600.350.350', 'A08.800.950.750.600.350.350', 'A09.246.300.246.577.325.315', 'A11.671.650.250.250', 'A11.671.650.915.750.600.350.350'], ['A05.810.453'], ['G01.154.090.500', 'G02.111.820.580', 'G04.835.580'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['E05.599.395']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Antifungal activities and chemical composition of some medicinal plants.
|
The use of and search for drugs and dietary supplements derived from plants have accelerated in recent years. Ethnopharmacologists, botanists, microbiologists and natural-products scientists are combing the earth for phytochemicals and leads, which could be developed for treatment of infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the antifungal activities of the essential oils of some medicinal plants such as Stachys pubescens, Thymus kotschyanus, Thymus daenensis and Bupleurum falcatum against Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus and Alternaria alternata. The essential oils were used to evaluate their MICs and MFCs compared to the amphotricin B as a standard drug. The essential oils were also analyzed by GC/MS. Essential oils isolated from the S. pubescens, T. kotschyanus and B. falcatum showed strong antifungal activities. The essential oil of T. daenensis exhibited a moderate activity against the selected fungi in comparison with the other plants' essential oils. In addition, the results showed that 26, 23, 22 and 15 components were identified from the essential oils of T. kotschyanus, S. pubescens, T. daenensis and B. falcatum, respectively. These oils exhibited a noticeable antifungal activity against the selected fungi. Regarding obtained results and that natural antimicrobial substances are inexpensive and have fewer side effects, they convey potential for implementation in fungal pathogenic systems.
|
['Antifungal Agents', 'Aspergillus flavus', 'Bupleurum', 'Fusarium', 'Humans', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Oils, Volatile', 'Plant Oils', 'Plants, Medicinal', 'Stachys', 'Thymus Plant']
| 24,768,063
|
[['D27.505.954.122.136'], ['B01.300.381.081.170'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.075.144'], ['B01.300.381.366'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['D10.627.675'], ['D10.627.700', 'D20.215.784.750'], ['B01.650.560'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.583.520.947'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.583.520.974']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Major histocompatibility class I presentation of soluble antigen facilitated by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
|
Cell-mediated immune responses are essential for protection against many intracellular pathogens. For Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), protection requires the activity of T cells that recognize antigens presented in the context of both major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II and I molecules. Since MHC class I presentation generally requires antigen to be localized to the cytoplasmic compartment of antigen-presenting cells, it remains unclear how pathogens that reside primarily within endocytic vesicles of infected macrophages, such as MTB, can elicit specific MHC class I-restricted T cells. A mechanism is described for virulent MTB that allows soluble antigens ordinarily unable to enter the cytoplasm, such as ovalbumin, to be presented through the MHC class I pathway to T cells. The mechanism is selective for MHC class I presentation, since MTB infection inhibited MHC class II presentation of ovalbumin. The MHC class I presentation requires the tubercle bacilli to be viable, and it is dependent upon the transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP), which translocates antigenic peptides from the cytoplasm into the endoplasmic reticulum. The process is mimicked by Listeria monocytogenes and soluble listeriolysin, a pore-forming hemolysin derived from it, suggesting that virulent MTB may have evolved a comparable mechanism that allows molecules in a vacuolar compartment to enter the cytoplasmic presentation pathway for the generation of protective MHC class I-restricted T cells.
|
['ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters', 'Animals', 'Antigen-Presenting Cells', 'Cell Line', 'Escherichia coli', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cells', 'Histocompatibility Antigens Class I', 'Histocompatibility Antigens Class II', 'Immunity, Cellular', 'Interleukin-2', 'Listeria monocytogenes', 'Macrophages', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis', 'Ovalbumin', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic', 'Tuberculosis']
| 8,876,215
|
[['D12.776.157.530.100', 'D12.776.395.550.020', 'D12.776.543.550.192', 'D12.776.543.585.100'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.066', 'A15.382.066'], ['A11.251.210'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['A11.148.378', 'A11.872.378', 'A15.378.316.378'], ['D12.776.395.550.489', 'D12.776.543.550.439', 'D23.050.301.500.100', 'D23.050.705.552.100'], ['D12.776.395.550.509', 'D12.776.543.550.440', 'D23.050.301.500.400', 'D23.050.705.552.410'], ['G12.450.050.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.021', 'D12.644.276.374.480.372', 'D12.776.467.374.465.021', 'D12.776.467.374.480.372', 'D23.529.374.465.155', 'D23.529.374.480.372'], ['B03.353.500.500.500', 'B03.510.100.500.500', 'B03.510.460.400.410.485.500'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.702', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.702'], ['D12.644.861.557', 'D12.776.034.614', 'D12.776.256.159.157.663', 'D12.776.290.663', 'D12.776.872.557'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['A11.118.637.555.283.875', 'A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.283.875', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.283.875', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.200'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Aiming at low disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis with initial combination therapy or initial monotherapy strategies: the BeSt study.
|
AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of four different treatment strategies for patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA).METHODS: In the BeSt study, 508 patients with newly diagnosed (< 2 years) active RA were randomised to be treated according to four treatment strategies: 1. sequential monotherapy, 2. step up to combination therapy (both starting with methotrexate), 3. initial combination therapy with methotrexate, sulphasalazine, and a tapered high dose of prednisone, and 4. initial combination therapy with methotrexate and infliximab. Three-monthly therapy adjustments were dictated by calculation of the Disease Activity Score (DAS), with the goal to achieve and maintain a DAS <or= 2.4. Functional ability was measured every 3 months with the Health Assessment Questionnaire. Radiographs of hands and feet were assessed yearly, blinded for patient identity and treatment, and in random order, to measure joint damage progression (Sharp/van der Heijde score).RESULTS: After 2 years of treatment, 80% of all patients achieved the goal of DAS <or= 2.4, and 42% reached clinical remission (DAS < 1.6). Initial combination therapy, either with prednisone (group 3) or with infliximab (group 4), resulted in earlier improvement in functional ability, more continuous clinical remission (DAS < 1.6), and less joint damage progression than initial monotherapy (groups 1 and 2). Patients in groups 1 and 2 needed more therapy adjustments, including introduction of combination therapy with prednisone or infliximab, to achieve a DAS <or= 2.4, whereas many patients in groups 3 and 4 were able to taper their medication to sulphasalazine or methotrexate, respectively, monotherapy. The adverse events profile was comparable in all groups. The presence or absence of rheumatoid factor, HLA DR4, or anti-CCP was not associated with radiologic damage progression.CONCLUSION: In patients with early, active RA, remarkable clinical improvement and suppression of joint damage progression can be achieved with frequent, objectively steered treatment adjustments. The best chance for an early clinical and radiologic response lies with initial combination therapy with either methotrexate, sulphasalazine and prednisone or with methotrexate and infliximab, which can be tapered to DMARD monotherapy once low disease activity is achieved.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antirheumatic Agents', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infliximab', 'Male', 'Methotrexate', 'Middle Aged', 'Prednisone', 'Remission Induction', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Sulfasalazine', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 17,083,767
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D27.505.954.329'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['E02.319.283'], ['E02.319.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.608', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.537', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.642'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.192.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.719.702'], ['E02.860'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['D02.065.884.730', 'D02.886.590.700.730'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Hydrogen-bonded complexes of the ribodinucleoside monophosphates in aqueous solution. Proton magnetic resonance studies.
|
A proton magnetic resonance study of the chemical shifts of a series of ribodinucleoside monophosphates in neutral H2O solution has been recorded in the 1-100 mM concentration range. The self-complementary dinucleoside monophosphates CpG and GpC and the complementary mixture GpU + ApC form intermolecular hydrogen-bonded complexes at low temperatures. The amino proton chemical shifts in the CpG and GpC spectra are consistent with the formation of a miniature double helical dimer in neutral aqueous solution at low temperatures (approximately 2 degrees C). The complementary mixture of dinucleosides GpU + ApC formed much less stable complexes than either GpC or CpG, while UpA did not show any indication of the formation of intermolecular hydrogen-bonded complexes. This result is consistent with the well-known observation that the stability of a double helix is proportional to the percent of G-C base pairs present.
|
['Binding Sites', 'Hydrogen Bonding', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Nucleic Acid Conformation', 'Oligoribonucleotides', 'Temperature', 'Thermodynamics']
| 1,252,443
|
[['G02.111.570.120'], ['G02.282'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['G02.111.570.820.486', 'G05.360.580'], ['D13.695.578.424.500'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['G01.906']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Heterotopic ossification in colorectal adenocarcinoma [corrected].
|
Heterotopic ossification in Adenocarcinomas of the colon is uncommon. The clinical presentation of these patients is similar to those without osseous metaplasia. Its importance lies in the fact that it may be misdiagnosed for a carcinosarcoma. Which has a poorer prognosis. These two cases are reported because of its rarity.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Ossification, Heterotopic', 'Rectal Neoplasms']
| 8,300,182
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.751'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.790', 'C06.301.371.411.307.790', 'C06.405.249.411.307.790', 'C06.405.469.491.307.790', 'C06.405.469.860.180.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Strictureplasty. An alternative in the surgical treatment of Crohn's disease.
|
A patient with severe, multilevel, partial obstruction of the jejunum and ileum secondary to Crohn's disease successfully underwent strictureplasty of the stenotic areas as described. Intestinal length was fully preserved. Complete healing and patency without fistulization was observed on reexploration seven months later for stenosis of previously unaffected areas (some of which were again successfully treated with strictureplasty ). When resection threatens the patient with extensive loss of small-intestine length, strictureplasty appears to be a viable alternative.
|
['Adult', 'Constriction, Pathologic', 'Crohn Disease', 'Humans', 'Intestinal Obstruction', 'Intestine, Small', 'Male', 'Radiography']
| 6,732,495
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C23.300.287'], ['C06.405.205.731.500', 'C06.405.469.432.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.405.469.531'], ['A03.556.124.684'], ['E01.370.350.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[The unusual thermodynamic properties of compact forms pFh fragments (hinge region) IgG3 Kuc and Sur].
|
pFh fragments from the hinge region of human IgG3 Kuc and Sur can fold into compact form, resulting the formation of proteins with secondary (super-secondary) structure, which is represented almost exclusively double poly-L-proline helix. It was demonstrated by several methods that the thermal denaturation of compact form pFh fragment (hinge region) IgG3 Kuc and Sur occurs in two stages. The "two-state" model described the disintegration of the compact structure with preservation of the secondary structure (double poly-L-proline helix). In the second stage melts itself helix consisting of four cooperative units, which are formed by the sections with a high content of proline residues. Poliproline conformation of secondary structure and large number of disulfide bonds is responsible for high specific enthalpy of denaturation and high thermal stability.
|
['Hot Temperature', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Proline', 'Protein Denaturation', 'Protein Folding', 'Protein Stability', 'Protein Structure, Secondary', 'Thermodynamics']
| 22,295,577
|
[['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D12.644.541'], ['D12.125.072.401.623'], ['G01.154.651.750.500', 'G02.111.688.750.500'], ['G01.154.651', 'G02.111.688'], ['G02.111.700'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600'], ['G01.906']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
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