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Treatment options for Dandy-Walker malformation.
|
OBJECT: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of various treatment options available for children with Dandy-Walker malformation (DWM) and to evaluate the role of endoscopic procedures in the treatment of this disorder.METHODS: The authors conducted a retrospective review of 72 children who underwent surgical treatment for DWM during a 16-year period. All patients underwent computed tomography scanning, and 26 underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The initial surgical treatment included ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt placement in 21 patients, cystoperitoneal (CP) shunt placement in 24, and combined VP and CP shunt insertion in three. Twenty-one patients underwent endoscopic procedures (endoscopic third ventriculostomy [ETV] alone in 16 patients, ETV with aqueductal stent placement in three, and ETV with fenestration of the occluding membrane in two). Three patients underwent membrane excision via a posterior fossa craniectomy. In the 26 patients who had undergone preoperative MR imaging, aqueductal patency was noted in 23 and aqueductal obstruction in three. These three patients underwent placement of a stent from the third ventricle to the posterior fossa cyst in addition to the ETV procedure. During the follow-up period, 12 patients with a CP shunt and four with a VP shunt experienced shunt malfunctions that required revision. Four patients with a CP shunt also required placement of a VP shunt. In addition, five of the 21 ETVs failed, requiring VP shunt insertion. A reduction in ventricle size noted on postoperative images occurred more frequently in patients with a VP shunt, whereas a reduction in cyst size was more appreciable in patients with a CP shunt. Successful ETV resulted in a slight decrease in ventricle size and varying degrees of reduction in cyst size.CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic procedures may be considered an acceptable alternative in children with DWM. The authors propose a treatment protocol based on preoperative MR imaging findings of associated aqueductal stenosis.
|
['Adolescent', 'Brain', 'Cerebral Aqueduct', 'Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Dandy-Walker Syndrome', 'Developmental Disabilities', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Hydrocephalus', 'Infant', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Neuroendoscopy', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Reoperation', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Stents', 'Third Ventricle', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Ventriculostomy']
| 17,328,256
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['A08.186.211'], ['A08.186.211.132.659.413.875.187', 'A08.186.211.140.187'], ['E04.035.188', 'E04.525.170'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C10.228.140.252.300', 'C10.228.140.602.500', 'C10.500.205', 'C16.131.666.205'], ['F03.625.421'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.602'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E01.370.376.525', 'E01.370.388.250.700', 'E04.502.250.700', 'E04.525.562'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E04.690'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E07.695.750'], ['A08.186.211.140.840'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E04.035.188.957', 'E04.525.170.860']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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| 1
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Automatic affective responses to smoking cues.
|
The authors examined automatic emotional reactions to smoking cues among 35 smokers and 25 nonsmokers (32 women and 28 men), using a novel implicit measure, the Affect Misattribution Procedure. Associative-learning theories of addiction suggest that smokers develop positive responses to cues linked to the rewarding effects of nicotine. Prior research, however, has yielded mixed evidence for whether smokers have favorable or unfavorable automatic responses to smoking cues. These findings may depend on the methods used to measure implicit responses. Using the Affect Misattribution Procedure, the authors found that nonsmokers responded to smoking cues with clear negative affect, whereas smokers' responses depended on individual differences in current smoking withdrawal. Smokers having withdrawal symptoms and those most motivated to smoke showed favorable emotional responses to smoking cues, but those with no withdrawal or low motivation to smoke showed negative responses. These results help integrate previous studies finding that smokers have negative automatic responses to cigarettes with those studies finding that smokers' responses were relatively positive. The results are important for theories that emphasize the role of cue conditioning in maintaining addiction because these theories assume, consistent with the current findings, that smoking cues can take on positive reward value.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Affect', 'Association Learning', 'Cues', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Individuality', 'Male', 'Personality Inventory', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Smoking', 'Smoking Cessation', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Tobacco Use Disorder']
| 17,696,687
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.047'], ['F02.463.425.069.296'], ['F02.463.425.234'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.752.488'], ['F04.711.647.513'], ['E05.723.729'], ['F01.145.805'], ['F01.145.488.732'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['C25.775.912', 'F03.900.912']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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|
[A multimodal treatment of prostatic carcinoma and the 5-year survival rate].
|
One hundred and twenty-nine patients with prostatic carcinoma were treated in our hospital. They were between 49 and 88 (average, 70.3) years old and histological diagnosis was adenocarcinoma in all 129 patients; 42 had well differentiated, 55 moderately differentiated, 31 had poorly differentiated carcinomas, and one undeterminated type. Twenty two patients had stage A carcinoma, 18 stage B, 14 stage C and 75 stage D. As the therapeutic principle no castration was done, radiation therapy was delivered to cases with carcinoma more advanced than stage B in combination with estrogen or alone, and antimetabolites were given to some patients. Cryosurgical procedure to prostate was adjunctively used in patients with dysuria. Since 1986, total prostatectomy was carried out in patients with stage B disease and younger than 60 years old, and total combined resection of the urinary bladder and prostate was performed in patients with more advanced than stage C disease. Etoposide was given to patients with recurrent or metastatic lesions. Twenty-two of the 124 patients who did not receive castration surgery were categorized in stage A, 17 in stage B, 14 in stage C, and 71 in stage D. The 5-year survival rate in each stage group was 100%. 56.2%, 70.0%, and 28.8%, respectively, and the statistical difference between stage A and B, and between stage C and D was respectively significant. The relative 5-year survival rate among the total patient group, 71 patients in stage D, 40 patients in stage D treated with hormone therapy, and 15 patients in stage D treated with radiation therapy was 44.5, 28.7, 18.4 and 36.1%, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Estrogens', 'Etoposide', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Orchiectomy', 'Prostatic Neoplasms']
| 2,729,020
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.186'], ['E02.319.283'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.277'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.960.675.250', 'D04.615.638.960.675.250', 'D09.408.348.275'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E04.270.282.679', 'E04.950.165.679', 'E04.950.774.860.618'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Intracellular signalling systems controlling the 5 alpha-reductase in glial cell cultures.
|
Glial cells are able to metabolize testosterone into DHT through the action of the enzyme 5 alpha-reductase. DHT may be further processed to 3 alpha-diol by the 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase. The aim of this study was to analyze if a modulation of two second messenger systems might be able to modify the 5 alpha-reductase and the 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase activities present in glial cells. To this purpose, the formation of DHT has been measured in rat glial cell cultures after different time of exposure to TPA, 4 alpha-Ph, an active and an inactive phorbol ester respectively, and 8-Br-cAMP. The results obtained indicate that the formation of DHT is not modified by the addition of phorbol esters. On the contrary, a statistically significant increase of 5 alpha-reductase activity, over control levels, has been observed after 6, 12, and 24 h of incubation with 8-Br-cAMP (10(-3) M). The effect of the cAMP analogue appears to be specific for the 5 alpha-reductase, since the 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase did not show any variation after exposure to the drug. In conclusion, the present data suggest that proteinkinase A (PKA) might be involved in the control of the 5 alpha-reductase in glial cells. It is postulated that nervous inputs utilizing cAMP as the second messenger might modify the activity of this enzyme in glial cells.
|
['8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate', 'Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cholestenone 5 alpha-Reductase', 'Dihydrotestosterone', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Intracellular Membranes', 'Neuroglia', 'Oxidoreductases', 'Protein Kinases', 'Second Messenger Systems', 'Signal Transduction', 'Testosterone', 'Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate']
| 1,511,328
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.395.225', 'D13.695.462.200.225', 'D13.695.667.138.395.225', 'D13.695.827.068.395.225'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['D08.811.682.660.200'], ['D04.210.500.054.040.248', 'D06.472.334.851.968.964'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['A11.284.149.450', 'A11.284.835.514'], ['A08.637', 'A11.650'], ['D08.811.682'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682'], ['G02.111.820.800', 'G04.835.800'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.429.824', 'D06.472.334.851.968.984'], ['D02.455.849.291.500.510.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Prepubertal exposure to genistein alleviates di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate induced testicular oxidative stress in adult rats.
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Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is the most widely used plastizer in the world and can suppress testosterone production via activation of oxidative stress. Genistein (GEN) is one of the isoflavones ingredients exhibiting weak estrogenic and potentially antioxidative effects. However, study on reproductive effects following prepubertal multiple endocrine disrupters exposure has been lacking. In this study, DEHP and GEN were administrated to prepubertal male Sprague-Dawley rats by gavage from postnatal day 22 (PND22) to PND35 with vehicle control, GEN at 50 mg/kg body weight (bw)/day (G), DEHP at 50, 150, 450 mg/kg bw/day (D50, D150, D450) and their mixture (G + D50, G + D150, G + D450). On PND90, general morphometry (body weight, AGD, organ weight, and organ coefficient), testicular redox state, and testicular histology were studied. Our results indicated that DEHP could significantly decrease sex organs weight, organ coefficient, and testicular antioxidative ability, which largely depended on the dose of DEHP. However, coadministration of GEN could partially alleviate DEHP-induced reproductive injuries via enhancement of testicular antioxidative enzymes activities, which indicates that GEN has protective effects on DEHP-induced male reproductive system damage after prepubertal exposure and GEN may have promising future in its curative antioxidative role for reproductive disorders caused by other environmental endocrine disruptors.
|
['Animals', 'Diethylhexyl Phthalate', 'Female', 'Genistein', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Organ Size', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Pregnancy', 'Rats', 'Testis', 'Testosterone']
| 25,530,965
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.241.223.805.250'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.400.375', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.400.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['A05.360.444.849', 'A05.360.576.782', 'A06.300.312.782'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.429.824', 'D06.472.334.851.968.984']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Physico-chemical and microstructural changes in collagen fiber bundles following stretch in-vitro.
|
Simultaneous measurements of load, deformation and diameter were performed on stretched collagen fiber bundle from rat tail tendon using a dynamic, electronically controlled stretch system and a novel computer based electroptical set-up. A parallel analysis of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) concentration in the bathing solution was carried out to determine whether stretching affects GAG exudation from the bundle. Results show that the bundle diameter does change under stretch in a manner which depends on strain and time. The diameter decreases with time under constant axial strain, implying loss of fluid from the structure. Results of GAG analysis showed that stretching accelerate their exucation to the external bath. The data from cyclic stretch tests show that low (0.5%) strain produces monotonically decreasing diameter from cycle to cycle. Yet at higher strain level (4%) under sufficiently long rest periods between cycles, the diameter increases monotonically with cycling to above its original level, implying damage to restraining elements in the bundle which maintain its structural integrity. Simultaneous load and diameter data show mutually different trends, indicating that variation in the bundle's hydration (diameter) in itself does not have a significant effect on the bundle's axial response.
|
['Animals', 'Collagen', 'Female', 'Glycosaminoglycans', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Rheology', 'Stress, Mechanical', 'Tendons']
| 3,252,915
|
[['B01.050'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['D09.698.373'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['E05.830', 'H01.671.808'], ['G01.374.835'], ['A02.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Thyroid cancer and multiple primary malignancies in Israel.
|
The exact risk of multiple primary neoplasms in patients with thyroid cancer is difficult to ascertain from the data available in the literature. Three thousand seventy-two patients with thyroid cancer, listed in the Israel Cancer Registry during a 16-year time span, were studied to determine the true incidence of another primary cancer. Ninety-two cases were reported as having an additional primary cancer. The prevalence of multiple primary malignancies was 3%. The frequency was higher among patients of European rather than of Asian or African origin. The second primary cancers in order of decreasing frequency were of the breast, lung, colorectum, head and neck, and lymphoma/myeloma. Most of the deaths were due to the additional cancer. The 5-year survival rate was highest for head and neck and lowest for lung cancer patients. These results emphasize the need for greater awareness of the possibility of developing additional cancers, and indicate the need to incorporate strategies for the prevention, early detection, and treatment of multiple primary neoplasms.
|
['Breast Neoplasms', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Head and Neck Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Israel', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms, Multiple Primary', 'Prevalence', 'Registries', 'Risk Factors', 'Survival Rate', 'Thyroid Neoplasms']
| 1,861,493
|
[['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['C04.588.443'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['Z01.252.245.500.375'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.651'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['C04.588.322.894', 'C04.588.443.915', 'C19.344.894', 'C19.874.788']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
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| 1
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|
A survey of veterinarian and producer perceptions of herd health services in the Saskatoon milkshed.
|
A cross-sectional survey was conducted to determine the availability, rates of adoption, and producer perceptions of veterinary services in five areas of dairy production medicine: reproduction, milk quality, nutritional consulting, infectious disease control, and heifer rearing. Questionnaires were completed by all veterinary clinics and 86% of the dairy producers in the Saskatoon milkshed. Veterinary perceptions of services offered were compared with farmer perceptions of services received. The veterinary clinics appeared to overestimate their services in the areas of nutritional consulting and heifer rearing. The primary determinant of a producer's perception of being on a herd health program was the occurrence of regularly scheduled reproduction visits. Producers who perceived themselves as being on a herd health program also believed that they received more services in the other four main areas of production medicine. Grouping of producers, based on whether or not herd records were analyzed by their veterinarian, showed a clustering of adopters of more comprehensive herd health services as clients of two practices. This suggests that comprehensive herd health services are not readily available from all veterinary clinics in the Saskatoon milkshed.
|
['Animals', 'Attitude', 'Cattle', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Dairying', 'Female', 'Saskatchewan', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Veterinary Medicine']
| 8,069,836
|
[['B01.050'], ['F01.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['J01.040.246'], ['Z01.107.567.176.858'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['H02.956']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Mutation analysis of the FAS and TNFR apoptotic cascade genes in hematological malignancies.
|
OBJECTIVE: The existence of properly functioning apoptotic pathways is of utmost importance in the maintenance of a normal cell count. Several groups have searched for mutations in the FAS receptor, a well-characterized apoptotic protein carrying a death domain, and reported the existence of rare mutations in multiple myeloma, T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), and adult T-cell leukemia. Our aim was to expand these searches by looking for mutations in the death domains of FAS, FADD, TNFR, TRADD, and RIP, in the promoter region of FAS, and in the protease domain of caspase 10, in a larger variety of hematological malignancies, some of which express an apoptosis-resistant phenotype.METHODS: We extracted RNA and DNA samples from 92 hematological malignancies: chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL; 31 cases), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML; 28 cases), essential thrombocythemia (ET; 8 cases), acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL; 6 cases), acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML; 6 cases), hairy-cell leukemia (HCL; 3 cases), Burkitt's lymphoma (3 cases), polycythemia vera (PV; 3 cases), myelofibrosis (2 cases), and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML; 2 cases) and performed PCR-SSCP and sequence analysis on these samples.RESULTS: Five polymorphic patterns were found: three in the death domain of the FAS gene in CML patients, one in the promoter of this gene in a CLL patient, and the fifth in the death domain of the TRADD gene in a CML patient. No mutations, altering amino acids, were found in these genes in any of the aforementioned malignancies.CONCLUSIONS: These observations imply that mutations in the death domains of FAS, FADD, TNFR, TRADD, and RIP and in the protease domain of caspase 10 are not a major cause for failure of apoptosis in hematological malignancies, mainly CML and CLL. Regulatory and epigenetic abnormalities in these apoptotic cascade members and aberrations in other components of all death machinery should be looked for.
|
['Apoptosis', 'Burkitt Lymphoma', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Hematologic Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Leukemia, Hairy Cell', 'Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell', 'Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive', 'Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute', 'Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic', 'Polycythemia Vera', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational', 'Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma', 'Primary Myelofibrosis', 'Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor', 'Thrombocythemia, Essential', 'fas Receptor']
| 11,166,462
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['C01.925.256.466.313.165', 'C01.925.928.313.165', 'C04.557.386.480.150.165', 'C15.604.515.569.480.150.165', 'C20.683.515.761.480.150.165'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['C04.588.448', 'C15.378.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.337.415', 'C15.604.515.553', 'C20.683.515.517'], ['C04.557.337.428.080.125', 'C15.604.515.560.080.125', 'C20.683.515.528.080.125'], ['C04.557.337.539.250', 'C15.378.190.636.370'], ['C04.557.337.539.275'], ['C04.557.337.539.522', 'C15.378.190.615.510'], ['C04.588.448.200.500', 'C15.378.190.250.500', 'C15.378.190.636.753', 'C15.378.400.200.500'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G05.365.795.600'], ['C04.557.337.428.600', 'C15.604.515.560.600', 'C20.683.515.528.600'], ['C15.378.190.636.765'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.760'], ['C15.378.100.832', 'C15.378.140.860.800', 'C15.378.190.636.860.800', 'C15.378.463.825'], ['D12.776.543.750.690.500', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.195']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
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|
Single-Center Experience with Intimal Sarcoma, an Ultra-Orphan, Commonly Fatal Mesenchymal Malignancy.
|
BACKGROUND: Intimal sarcoma is a rare malignancy that, clinically and radiographically, often mimics pulmonary embolism. The intravascular tumor tends to disseminate rapidly and metastases can be present at first diagnosis.METHODS: We reviewed all cases of intimal sarcoma that were diagnosed, treated and followed at the University Hospitals Leuven between April 2006 and April 2016.RESULTS: We identified 13 patients with a median age of 51 years. In 6 patients initial findings were suggestive of thromboembolic disease. Platelet-derived growth factor receptor á (PDGFRA) amplification was the most prevalent molecular finding, present in 11 patients. The MDM2 gene was amplified in 9 cases, and the EGFR gene in 3 patients. The median overall survival was 13 months. 11 patients underwent surgery. In 5 cases with inoperable and/or metastatic disease chemotherapy was given. Treatment with imatinib was initiated in 4 patients.CONCLUSIONS: Intimal sarcoma is an extremely rare and aggressive malignancy that has a very poor prognosis. Mimicking thromboembolic disease, diagnosis and treatment can be delayed. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment but is seldom curative. The disease is highly resistant to cytotoxic and targeted treatment. Given the fact that intimal sarcoma commonly expresses more than 1 molecular target, combination therapy might be an option, although toxicity may be a limitation.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Distribution', 'Aged', 'Belgium', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Critical Illness', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Rare Diseases', 'Risk Factors', 'Sarcoma', 'Sex Distribution', 'Survival Rate', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Tunica Intima', 'Vascular Neoplasms', 'Young Adult']
| 28,501,860
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['Z01.542.115'], ['D23.101.140'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C23.550.291.625'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['C23.550.291.906'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C04.557.450.795'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['A07.015.700'], ['C04.588.839.750', 'C14.907.936'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Prevention of compensatory hyperhidrosis after thoracoscopic sympathectomy for hyperhidrosis.
|
BACKGROUND: Compensatory hyperhidrosis is a troublesome complication of thoracoscopic sympathectomy for hyperhidrosis. After extensive resection of the second through the fourth ganglion (T2-4), as well as after limited resection of the second ganglion (T2), the reported incidence of compensatory hyperhidrosis ranges as high as 50-97%. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the incidence of compensatory hyperhidrosis can be reduced by limiting the thoracoscopic sympathectomy to another level, the third ganglion.METHODS: We analyzed 28 thoracoscopic sympathectomies for palmar and/or axillary hyperhidrosis. In all patients, the sympathetic chain was transected cranially and caudally to the third ganglion (T3 dissection). Long-term follow-up was conducted by interviewing patients using standardized questionnaires.RESULTS: The surgery was effective in all patients. After a median follow-up of 3.5 years, compensatory hyperhidrosis was not recorded in any of the patients. There were no recurrences of hyperhidrosis.CONCLUSION: Limited thoracoscopic sympathectomy at the level of the third ganglion is effective and seems to prevent compensatory hyperhidrosis.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyperhidrosis', 'Male', 'Sympathectomy', 'Thoracoscopy']
| 11,727,092
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C17.800.946.350'], ['E04.525.210.105.800'], ['E01.370.388.250.840', 'E04.502.250.840', 'E04.928.752']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Atypical angiotensin II receptors coupled to phosphoinositide turnover/calcium signalling in catfish hepatocytes.
|
In catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) hepatocytes angiotensin II induced an immediate increase in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. Other angiotensin analogues also induced this effect including: human angiotensin II, fish angiotensin II, human angiotensin III, human angiotensin I, fish angiotensin I and saralasin. CGP 42112A induced a very small effect at the highest concentration tested and angiotensin IV was without effect. Angiotensin II also increased the resynthesis of phosphatidylinositol and the production of IP3. These physiological effects were not blocked by losartan (AT1-selective antagonist) or PD 123177 (AT2-selective antagonist). [125I]Angiotensin II bound to liver plasma membranes in a saturable fashion with high affinity (K(D) 2.7 nM) and a B(max) of 185 fmol/mg of protein. Binding competition experiments showed the following order of potency: human angiotensin II = fish angiotensin II > human angiotensin III > or = human angiotensin I = fish angiotensin I. These sites were insensitive to losartan or PD 123177. The data indicate that the angiotensin II receptors expressed in catfish hepatocytes are coupled to the phosphoinositide turnover/calcium mobilization signal transduction pathway and are atypical receptors, i.e., pharmacologically distinct from mammalian AT1 and AT2 receptors.
|
['Angiotensin I', 'Angiotensin II', 'Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists', 'Animals', 'Binding, Competitive', 'Biphenyl Compounds', 'Calcium', 'Cell Membrane', 'Egtazic Acid', 'Humans', 'Ictaluridae', 'Imidazoles', 'Liver', 'Losartan', 'Phosphatidylinositols', 'Pyridines', 'Receptors, Angiotensin', 'Signal Transduction', 'Tetrazoles']
| 9,223,623
|
[['D06.472.699.094.075', 'D12.644.400.070.075', 'D12.644.456.073.021', 'D12.644.548.058.075', 'D12.776.631.650.070.075', 'D23.469.050.050.025'], ['D06.472.699.094.078', 'D12.644.400.070.078', 'D12.644.456.073.041', 'D12.644.548.058.078', 'D12.776.631.650.070.078', 'D23.469.050.050.050'], ['D27.505.519.162'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.196.080', 'G02.111.084', 'G02.111.570.120.309'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.185'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['A11.284.149'], ['D02.092.782.258.368.257', 'D02.241.081.018.269'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.080.148'], ['D03.383.129.308'], ['A03.620'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.185.475', 'D03.383.129.308.507', 'D03.383.129.617.467'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.942'], ['D03.383.725'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.047', 'D12.776.543.750.750.130'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D03.383.129.617']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Chondrocyte differentiation in human osteoarthritis: expression of osteocalcin in normal and osteoarthritic cartilage and bone.
|
Osteocalcin (OC), which is a marker of the mature osteoblasts, can also be found in posthypertrophic chondrocytes of the epiphyseal growth plate, but not in chondrocytes of the resting zone or in adult cartilage. In human osteoarthritis (OA), chondrocytes can differentiate to a hypertrophic phenotype characterized by type X collagen. The protein- and mRNA-expression pattern of OC was systematically analyzed in decalcified cartilage and bone sections and nondecalcified cartilage sections of human osteoarthritic knee joints with different stages of OA to investigate the differentiation of chondrocytes in OA. In severe OA, we found an enhanced expression of the OC mRNA in the subchondral bone plate, demonstrating an increased osteoblast activity. Interestingly, the OC protein and OC mRNA were also detected in osteoarthritic chondrocytes, whereas in chondrocytes of normal adult cartilage, both the protein staining and the specific mRNA signal were negative. The OC mRNA signal increased with the severity of OA and chondrocytes from the deep cartilage layer, and proliferating chondrocytes from clusters showed the strongest signal for OC mRNA. In this late stage of OA, chondrocytes also stained for alkaline phosphatase and type X collagen. Our results clearly show that the expression of OC in chondrocytes correlates with chondrocyte hypertrophy in OA. Although the factors including this phenotypic shift in OA are still unknown, it can be assumed that the altered microenvironment around osteoarthritic chondrocytes and systemic mediators could be potential inducers of this differentiation.
|
['Aged', 'Alkaline Phosphatase', 'Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee', 'Cartilage, Articular', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Chondrocytes', 'Collagen', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'In Situ Hybridization', 'Knee Joint', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteoarthritis', 'Osteocalcin', 'RNA, Messenger']
| 10,954,778
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.035'], ['E04.555.110.110.115', 'E04.650.110.115', 'E04.680.101.110.115'], ['A02.165.407.150', 'A02.835.583.192'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.329.171'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325', 'E05.393.661.475'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.550.114.606', 'C05.799.613'], ['D12.776.157.125.700'], ['D13.444.735.544']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
In vitro polymerization of polyhook protein from Salmonella SJW880.
|
Polyhooks were isolated from Salmonella SJW880, a non-flagellated mutant, and purified by cesium chloride density gradient centrifugation. The polyhooks were disintegrated into protein subunits (monomer) by heat in the absence of salt. The monomer was repolymerized in the presence of moderately high concentrations of sodium citrate at neutral pH. Three types of polymer were produced. One type of polymer, produced at room temperature and at citrate concentrations less than 0.3 M, had no regular shape and no definite thickness. Another type of polymer, produced at room temperature and at citrate concentrations greater than 0.4 M, had a straight shape and a similar thickness to that of polyhook but was easily dissociated into monomer in the absence of salt. A third type of polymer was produced at low temperature, independently of the concentration of citrate, and seemed to be a tubular polymer with a thickness similar to that of polyhook but had no helical curvature. However, this type of polymer was shown to have a structure locally the same as that of polyhook by electron microscopic observation, optical diffraction and circular dichroism measurements.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Circular Dichroism', 'Citrates', 'Flagella', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Mutation', 'Polymers', 'Protein Conformation', 'Salmonella']
| 7,437,464
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['E05.196.867.151'], ['D02.241.081.901.434'], ['A11.284.180.290'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['B03.440.450.425.800', 'B03.660.250.150.710']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Role of brain organization in the pathogenesis of physical disease.
|
While genetic and environmental factors are known to make substantial contributions to the pathogenesis of physical disease, the role of the brain in these processes is largely unknown. It is hypothesized that the manner in which the brain is functionally organized is an integral factor in physical health outcomes, both positive and negative. It is further hypothesized that changes in certain patterns of the functional organization of the brain play a significant role in the pathogenesis of physical disease, mediating between an individual's genetic endowment, the environment, and other relevant brain systems to initiate, modulate and/or maintain these disorders. There are many currently available treatment modalities which have the capacity to change the pattern of functional brain organization. Such interventions have the potential to become valuable aids in both the treatment and prevention of physical disease.
|
['Animals', 'Brain', 'Death, Sudden, Cardiac', 'Disease', 'Humans', 'Models, Neurological', 'Myocardial Infarction']
| 10,687,894
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['C14.280.383.220', 'C23.550.260.322.250'], ['C23.550.288'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395.642'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Comparative study of three alternative surgical techniques for hysterectomy].
|
In conjunction with the introduction of laparoscopic hysterectomy into wider clinical practice significant changes take place in the evaluation of medical and economic aspects of alternate surgical techniques. In the investigated group the advantages of a minimally invasive and vaginal approach in the evaluation of perioperative parameters and time of convalescence were confirmed. Laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy by the simple coagulation technique reduces considerably the costs of the operation. Costs can be markedly cut by reducing the number of days in hospital and by an earlier return to work. After systemic problems associated with funding of the health services will be resolved it will be useful to implement further extensive prospective studies. The results of these studies along with medical findings can participate in a significant way to an optimal ratio of different alternate surgical techniques of hysterectomy.
|
['Convalescence', 'Costs and Cost Analysis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hysterectomy', 'Hysterectomy, Vaginal', 'Laparoscopy', 'Length of Stay', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications']
| 9,600,152
|
[['C23.550.291.562'], ['N03.219.151'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.950.300.399'], ['E04.950.300.399.380'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Elfn1 regulates target-specific release probability at CA1-interneuron synapses.
|
Although synaptic transmission may be unidirectional, the establishment of synaptic connections with specific properties can involve bidirectional signaling. Pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus form functionally distinct synapses onto two types of interneurons. Excitatory synapses onto oriens-lacunosum moleculare (O-LM) interneurons are facilitating and have a low release probability, whereas synapses onto parvalbumin interneurons are depressing and have a high release probability. Here, we show that the extracellular leucine-rich repeat fibronectin containing 1 (Elfn1) protein is selectively expressed by O-LM interneurons and regulates presynaptic release probability to direct the formation of highly facilitating pyramidal-O-LM synapses. Thus, postsynaptic expression of Elfn1 in O-LM interneurons regulates presynaptic release probability, which confers target-specific synaptic properties to pyramidal cell axons.
|
['Animals', 'Axons', 'CA1 Region, Hippocampal', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Gene Knockdown Techniques', 'Green Fluorescent Proteins', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Humans', 'Interneurons', 'Mice', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred LEC', 'Synapses', 'Synaptic Transmission']
| 23,042,292
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.675.542.145', 'A11.284.180.075', 'A11.671.137', 'A11.671.501.145'], ['A08.186.211.180.405.099', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345.099'], ['A11.251'], ['E05.393.335.500'], ['D12.776.532.265'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A08.675.358', 'A11.671.358'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.631'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.275', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.275'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780'], ['G02.111.820.850', 'G04.835.850', 'G07.265.880', 'G11.561.830']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Vasodilator prostanoids, but not nitric oxide, may account for skeletal muscle hyperaemia in Type I diabetes mellitus.
|
We and others have previously documented increased resting and exercise-induced skeletal muscle blood flow in young subjects with Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus compared with healthy controls. Both NO and prostanoids are important regulators of vascular tone and may therefore contribute to this hyperaemia. The aim of the present study was to determine the contribution of NO and vasodilator prostanoids to this skeletal muscle hyperaemia in diabetes. We assessed the effects of infusion into the intrabrachial artery of the cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor acetylsalicylic acid (ASA; aspirin) and of the L-arginine analogue N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) on skeLetal muscle blood flow in subjects with Type I diabetes mellitus (DM subjects) and control subjects. Blood flow was measured by venous occlusion plethysmography. Isotonic forearm exercise involved 2 min of wrist flexion and extension. Resting flow (forearm blood flow; FBF) was augmented in DM subjects, as was peak exercise-related blood flow (PFBF) and the volume repaid to the forearm 5 min after exercise (AUC 5, where AUC is area under the flow-time curve) (P<0.05), even when accounting for differences in basal flow. Infusion of L-NMMA reduced resting flow by 48% in controls (P<0.005) and by 12% in DM subjects (not significant). L-NMMA reduced PFBF and AUC 5 by 29% (P<0.05) and 39% (P<0.0005) respectively in controls, but had no significant effect on these parameters in DM subjects. Infusion of ASA reduced FBF, PFBF and AUC 5 in both DM (P<0.05) and control (P<0.05) subjects, but the magnitude of this reduction was greater in DM than in control subjects (ANOVA, P<0.05), even when differences in resting FBF were accounted for. Indeed, ASA eliminated the differences in FBF, PFBF and AUC 5 between DM and control subjects. Thus increased release of vasodilator prostanoids, rather than of NO, appears to account for skeletal muscle hyperaemia in Type I diabetes.
|
['Adult', 'Area Under Curve', 'Aspirin', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Exercise', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyperemia', 'Male', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Plethysmography', 'Regional Blood Flow', 'omega-N-Methylarginine']
| 11,052,918
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.740.200', 'G03.787.101', 'G07.690.725.064', 'N06.850.520.830.200'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.595.176'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['D27.505.519.389.310', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030.500', 'D27.505.954.329.030.500'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.474'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['E01.370.370.610'], ['G09.330.100.780'], ['D12.125.068.050.650', 'D12.125.095.104.650', 'D12.125.142.087.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Interactions between dyes and surfactants in inkjet ink used for textiles.
|
Optimal preparation of inkjet ink should be possible through the elucidation of the relationship between dye/additive interactions and ink performance. In the present study, the interactions between the dyes and surfactant additives were investigated. To investigate the physical properties of the surfactants used, the critical micelle concentration (cmc) and the aggregation number (N) were determined using electron spin resonance, static light-scattering, and fluorescence spectroscopy. On the basis of the cmc and N values, the visible absorption spectra of aqueous acid dye solutions (C. I. Acid Red 88, 13, and 27) containing surfactants (i.e., Surfynol 465 (S465), octaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (OGDE), and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)) were measured. From the dependence of the spectra on the surfactant concentration, the binding constants, K(bind), of the acid dyes with the surfactant micelles were calculated: the K(bind) values decreased in the order of C. I. Acid Red 88 > C. I. Acid Red 13 > C. I. Acid Red 27, which correlates with the number of sulfonate groups. For all the dyes, the K(bind) values with the nonionic surfactants, S465 and OGDE, were much larger than those with the anionic surfactant, SDS. The thermodynamic parameters of the binding, i.e., the enthalpy change, ÄH(bind), and entropy change, ÄS(bind), were determined via the temperature dependence of the binding constants. The positive ÄH(bind) value for S465 indicates an endothermic binding process, while the negative ÄH(bind) values for SDS and OGDE indicate exothermic binding processes.
|
['Chemistry, Physical', 'Coloring Agents', 'Drug Interactions', 'Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Ink', 'Micelles', 'Printing', 'Solutions', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Surface-Active Agents', 'Textiles', 'Thermodynamics', 'Water']
| 22,123,244
|
[['H01.181.529'], ['D27.720.233'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['E05.196.867.519.274'], ['J01.637.500'], ['D05.374', 'D26.255.560'], ['L01.737.787'], ['D26.776'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['D27.720.877'], ['J01.637.836'], ['G01.906'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Gastric carcinoma: Evaluation with diffusion-tensor MR imaging and tractography ex vivo.
|
PURPOSE: To determine the feasibility of diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) and tractography as means of evaluating the depth of mural invasion by gastric carcinomas.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was approved by our institutional review board, and written informed consent was obtained from each patient. Twenty gastric specimens containing a carcinoma were studied with a 7.0-T MR imaging system equipped with a four-channel phased-array surface coil. DTI was performed by using a field of view of 50-60 mm ? 25-30 mm, matrix of 256 ? 128, section thickness of 1mm, b value of 1000 s/mm2, and motion-probing gradients in seven noncollinear directions. The MR images were compared with the histopathologic findings as the reference standard.RESULTS: In all 20 carcinomas (100%) the diffusion-weighted images, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps, fractional anisotropy (FA) maps, ë1 maps, and direction-encoded color FA maps made it possible to identify the same depth of tumor invasion of the gastric wall as observed during histopathologic examination. The ë1 maps provided the best contrast between the carcinomas and the layers of the gastric wall. The carcinomas also had lower ADC values and lower FA values than the normal gastric wall; thus, the carcinomas were clearly demarcated from the normal gastric wall. Tractography images were also useful for determining the depth of tumor invasion of the gastric wall.CONCLUSIONS: DTI and tractography are feasible means of evaluating gastric specimens and provide excellent diagnostic accuracy for evaluating mural invasion by gastric carcinomas.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Algorithms', 'Diffusion Tensor Imaging', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Image Enhancement', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multimodal Imaging', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Stomach Neoplasms']
| 26,597,835
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E01.370.350.578.750', 'E01.370.350.825.500.150.500', 'E01.370.376.537.500', 'E05.629.750'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['E05.481'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.567'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Electrocochleography in experimental animal model with acute hydrolabyrinth].
|
A desirable animal model of acute hydrolabyrinth was made by injecting artificial endolymph into the cochlear duct of guinea pigs. In 12 animals with intact Reissner membranes, the endolymphatic potential kept normal after injection of artificial endolymph, but their ECochG showed a rise of SP amplitude, a decrease in AP amplitude, an increase of SP/AP ratio, and a delay of N1 latency. In 7 animals with ruptured membranes, the EP significantly decreased. ECochG showed a decrease in hearing in all test frequencies, a distortion of SP-AP wave or even a loss of AP. Based on the results of our experiment, it can be assumed that the dominant -SP may be seen in the acute stage of endolymphatic hydrops without a rupture of Reissner membrane. Therefore, the dominant -SP may only be of value in the clinical diagnosis during an episodic vertigo and fluctuating hearing loss in M?ni?re disease.
|
['Animals', 'Audiometry, Evoked Response', 'Edema', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Labyrinth Diseases', 'Reaction Time']
| 2,031,727
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.382.375.060.050'], ['C23.888.277'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['C09.218.568'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Comparative study of brain tumors treated at China Medical University, China and Kyushu University, Japan].
|
We have re-examined histopathological specimens of brain tumors extirpated at China Medical University from May, 1990 to June, 1992. During the last 2 years, about 400 cases of brain tumors were operated and 349 cases were histopathologically diagnosed and classified by one of the authors (T. I). The most common tumor was meningioma, 97 cases, followed by gliomas, 87 case and neurinoma, 71 cases. The sex and age distributions of these three tumor types were compared to those of Kyushu University Hospital, Japan. The most striking difference was age of meningioma and neurinoma patients, and Chinese patients were 10 years younger than Japanese patients. The incidence of 30th age group of meningioma was 25% in China and 10% in Japan. Thirty percent of neurinoma patients were operated at 30th and 40th age in China and Japan, respectively. The sex and ages of astrocytoma patients were almost the same frequencies in China and Japan. Among 22 cases of congenital tumors, 11 cases of epidermoid tumor in cerebello-pontine cistern was included. Cerebral tuberculoma, although rarely encountered in Japan, was 2 cases in China.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'China', 'Female', 'Glioma', 'Hospitals, University', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Japan', 'Male', 'Meningioma', 'Middle Aged', 'Neurilemmoma', 'Schools, Medical']
| 1,464,407
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380', 'C04.557.470.670.380', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380'], ['N02.278.020.300.310', 'N02.278.421.639.725'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['C04.557.580.520', 'C04.557.645.520', 'C04.588.614.250.580.500', 'C10.551.240.500.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.595', 'C04.557.580.600.610.595', 'C04.557.580.625.650.595'], ['I02.783.495.552', 'N02.278.020.578']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Vitamin D-binding protein and its polymorphisms as a predictor for metabolic syndrome.
|
AIM: To investigate the relationship of vitamin D-binding protein (GC) and genetic variation of GC (rs4588, rs7041 and rs2282679) with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the Thai population.MATERIALS & METHODS: GC-globulin concentrations were measured by quantitative western blot analysis in 401 adults. All participants were genotyped using TaqMan allelic discrimination assays.RESULTS: GC-globulin levels were significatly lower in MetS subjects than in control subjects, in which significant negative correlations of GC-globulin levels with systolic blood pressure, glucose and age were found. Male participants who carried the GT genotype for rs4588 showed an increased risk of MetS compared with the GG wild-type (odds ratio: 3.25; p = 0.004).CONCLUSION: GC-globulin concentrations and variation in GC rs4588 were supported as a risk factor for MetS in Thais.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Globulins', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Metabolic Syndrome', 'Middle Aged', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Vitamin D-Binding Protein']
| 29,504,805
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['D12.776.377'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.968.500.570', 'C18.452.625'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['D12.776.157.920']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Open-label trial of venlafaxine in adults with attention deficit disorder.
|
Antidepressants or stimulants are commonly used to treat attention deficit disorder (ADD). We report the results of an open-label trial of the recently marketed antidepressant venlafaxine in 16 adult patients with ADD. Patients were treated with venlafaxine (25 to 225 mg/day) for 8 weeks. Four patients discontinued treatment within the first week because of sedation, agitation, or nausea. In the remaining 12 patients, venlafaxine treatment decreased ADD ratings by almost half.
|
['Adult', 'Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation', 'Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity', 'Cyclohexanols', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pilot Projects', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Venlafaxine Hydrochloride']
| 8,851,654
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.427.700.122.050'], ['F03.625.094.150'], ['D02.033.415.510.500', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.318', 'D10.289.510.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['D02.033.415.510.500.901', 'D02.092.471.683.948', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.318.750', 'D10.289.510.500.901']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Reconstitution of T cell antigen receptor-induced Erk2 kinase activation in Lck-negative JCaM1 cells by Syk.
|
The two related protein-tyrosine kinases Syk and Zap are rapidly phosphorylated on tyrosine residues and enzymatically activated upon crosslinking of the T cell antigen receptor. We have previously reported that the activation of Syk is less dependent on the Src family kinase Lck than the activation of Zap. Here we report that overexpression of Syk in the Lck-negative JCaM1 cells enabled the T cell antigen receptor/CD3 complex to induce a normal activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and expression of a nuclear factor of activated T cells reporter construct. In contrast, Zap and other protein-tyrosine kinases were unable to reconstitute these signaling pathways when expressed at the same levels. In parallel, Syk was phosphorylated on tyrosine, while Zap was not. The Syk-mediated T cell antigen receptor-induced MAPK activation was detectable within 1 min of receptor stimulation and peaked at 3-5 min. The capacity of Syk to reconstitute the MAPK response required the catalytic activity of Syk, an intact autophosphorylation site (Y518 and Y519), both Src homology 2 domains and it was blocked by the inhibitory N17-mutated dominant-negative Ras construct. A Y341-->F mutant of Syk, which is deficient in its interaction with phospholipase Cy1 and Vav, was less efficient than wild-type Syk. Our results suggest that Syk, in contrast to Zap, can transduce signals from the T cell antigen receptor independently of Lck.
|
['Animals', 'COS Cells', 'Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Enzyme Precursors', 'Genes, Reporter', 'Humans', 'Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Jurkat Cells', 'Luciferases', 'Lymphocyte Specific Protein Tyrosine Kinase p56(lck)', 'Lymphocytes', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'NFATC Transcription Factors', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Oncogene Proteins, Viral', 'Phenylalanine', 'Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell', 'Syk Kinase', 'Transcription Factors', 'Tyrosine', 'src Homology Domains', 'src-Family Kinases']
| 9,128,727
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210.172.500', 'A11.329.228.220'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.125', 'D12.644.360.100', 'D12.776.476.100'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D08.622', 'D12.776.811.243'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.360', 'D12.776.476'], ['A11.251.210.190.495', 'A11.251.860.180.495', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.440'], ['D08.811.682.517', 'D12.776.532.510'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.800.315', 'D12.776.624.664.700.128'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.249.500', 'D12.644.360.450.169.500', 'D12.776.476.450.169.500'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['D12.776.930.608'], ['D12.776.660'], ['D12.776.624.664.520', 'D12.776.964.700'], ['D12.125.072.050.685', 'D12.125.142.666'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.816.824'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.650', 'D12.644.360.900', 'D12.776.476.913'], ['D12.776.930'], ['D12.125.072.050.875'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.500.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Nurse-led medicines' monitoring in care homes study protocol: a process evaluation of the impact and sustainability of the adverse drug reaction (ADRe) profile for mental health medicines.
|
INTRODUCTION: Improved medicines' management could lead to real and sustainable improvements to the care of older adults. The overuse of mental health medicines has featured in many reports, and insufficient patient monitoring has been identified as an important cause of medicine-related harms. Nurse-led monitoring using the structured adverse drug reaction (ADRe) profile identifies and addresses the adverse effects of mental health medicines. Our study investigates clinical impact and what is needed to sustain utilisation in routine practice in care homes.METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This process evaluation will use interviews and observations with the participants of all five homes involved in earlier research, and five newly recruited homes caring for people prescribed mental health medicines. The ADRe profile is implemented by nurses, within existing resources, to check for signs and symptoms of ADRs, initiate amelioration and share findings with pharmacists and prescribers for medication review. Outcome measures are the numbers and nature of problems addressed and understanding of changes needed to optimise clinical gain and sustain implementation. Data will be collected by 30 observations and 30 semistructured interviews. Clinical gains will be described and narrated. Interview analysis will be based on the constant comparative method.ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval was conferred by the National Health Service Wales Research Ethics Committee. If the ADRe profile can be sustained in routine practice, it has potential to (1) improve the lives of patients, for example, by reducing pain and sedation, and (2) assist in early identification of problems caused by ADRs. Therefore, in addition to peer-reviewed publications and conferences, we shall communicate our findings to healthcare professionals, policy-makers and sector regulators.TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03110471.
|
['Drug Monitoring', 'Humans', 'Nursing Homes', 'Nursing Staff', 'Observational Studies as Topic', 'Psychotropic Drugs']
| 30,269,073
|
[['E01.370.520.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.825.610'], ['M01.526.485.680', 'N02.360.680'], ['E05.318.372.250.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.500'], ['D27.505.954.427.700']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of amifostine on the cytotoxicity of daunorubicin and daunoxome in tumor and normal cells.
|
Anthracyclines are powerful cytotoxic agents, used as first-line treatment of leukemias and many other tumors, but host-tissue toxicity is their main dose-limiting factor. However, their therapeutic effects depend not only on the toxicity, hence on the dose, but also on drug resistance. Among the mechanisms that can account for cell sensitivity to anthracyclines, there is an overexpression of drug transport proteins, like the transmembrane P-glycoprotein (PGP), the multidrug- resistance-related protein (MRP) and the lung-resistance-related protein (LRP). Attempts to reduce the toxicity of chemotherapeutic agents without affecting their efficacy have been made using liposomal anthracyclines or cytoprotective agents, as Amifostine. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the toxic effects of Daunorubicin, in normal or liposomal formulation, used in combination with WR1065, the active metabolite of Amifostine, against normal and tumor cells. In conclusion these data show that the preincubation with WR-1065 does not inhibit the drug toxic effect on blast cells and on tumor cell lines, independently by their multidrug resistance phenotype, but has a cytoprotective effect on stem cells causing a drug cytotoxicity reduction of 10-20%. This advantage is even higher using the liposomal formulation of DNR. Therefore, Amifostine can offer a chance of protecting normal cells from the toxicity of anthracyclines, in normal or liposomal formulation. The combination of liposomal anthracyclines with Amifostine can confer further advantages in management of leukemic patients, especially the elderly where treatment toxicity is a main problem. These patients may be candidates for alternative therapeutic strategies and the combination of DNX and Amifostine is an attractive treatment for these cases where a low nonhematological toxicity is required.
|
['Amifostine', 'Antibiotics, Antineoplastic', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell Survival', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chemistry, Pharmaceutical', 'Daunorubicin', 'Drug Carriers', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cells', 'Humans', 'Liposomes', 'Lymphocytes', 'Mercaptoethylamines', 'Radiation-Protective Agents', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Tumor Stem Cell Assay']
| 16,001,170
|
[['D02.705.400.625.050', 'D02.705.539.345.050', 'D02.886.300.692.050'], ['D27.505.954.248.106'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['G04.346'], ['A11.251'], ['H01.158.703.007', 'H01.181.466'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200', 'D04.615.562.050.200', 'D09.408.051.059.200'], ['D26.255.260', 'E02.319.300.380'], ['A11.148.378', 'A11.872.378', 'A15.378.316.378'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D25.479.517', 'D26.255.260.517', 'J01.637.051.479.517', 'J01.637.087.500.517'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['D02.092.471.562', 'D02.886.489.472'], ['D27.505.696.706.776', 'D27.720.799.763'], ['A11.251.860'], ['E01.370.225.500.383.910', 'E01.370.225.500.388.930', 'E05.200.500.383.910', 'E05.200.500.388.930', 'E05.242.383.910', 'E05.242.417.500', 'E05.337.550.200.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of 30 cases of post-radiation atypical vascular lesion of the breast.
|
Atypical vascular lesions (AVL) that occur in the field of prior radiation therapy for breast carcinoma are placed within the differential diagnosis with low grade angiosarcoma and other benign vascular lesions. Although considered a benign entity, the exact biological behavior of AVLs is not fully established because of the small number of cases reported in the literature. We aim to further characterize these lesions clinically and histopathologically, and to study their behavior. We report a series of 30 patients with AVL of the breast occurring after radiation exposure, diagnosed and treated at the European Institute of Oncology, Italy. Immunohistochemical study was performed in all cases, using CD31, D2-40, CD105, and Ki-67 antibodies. Twenty-seven patients were treated with standard doses of conventional adjuvant radiation therapy for the prior breast carcinoma. Three patients were treated with intraoperative radiotherapy with electrons. The post-radiation latency interval from breast carcinoma to AVL was 48.5 months (ranged from 1 to 146 months). Most of the lesions were classified as lymphatic type (78.6 %) based on D2-40 positivity. No extension into subcutaneous tissue or significant atypia was noted in all cases. Despite the fact that the AVL of our series have shown benign behavior in 93.3 %, one patient developed local recurrence of AVL, and two cases progressed to angiosarcoma at the previous AVL site. Further studies should be conducted to better understand the clinical behavior and to propose additional histopathologic diagnostic criteria to distinguish AVL from low grade angiosarcoma and those AVL with increased risk for malignant progression. Concerning current treatments of AVL, we recommend complete excision with free surgical margins and close follow up.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Breast', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Hemangiosarcoma', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced', 'Radiotherapy', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 24,943,869
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A01.236'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C04.557.450.795.390', 'C04.557.645.390'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.682', 'C26.733.476', 'G01.750.748.500.476'], ['E02.815'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Behavioural effects of 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) in monkeys.
|
Subcutaneous injections of a 5-HT1A receptor agonist, 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT), in monkeys induced distinct behavioural changes characterized by head weaving, hindlimb extension and upper limb fluttering. The effects were dose-dependent and were similar to the 5-HT syndrome induced in rats by 8-OH-DPAT. The 5-HT receptor antagonist, metergoline, attenuated the behavioural syndrome seen in response to 8-OH-DPAT. These results suggest that 8-OH-DPAT induces a 5-HT1A receptor-mediated behavioural syndrome in monkeys as well as in rodents.
|
['8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin', 'Animals', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Macaca fascicularis', 'Male', 'Metergoline', 'Naphthalenes', 'Tetrahydronaphthalenes']
| 2,139,614
|
[['D02.455.426.559.847.638.960.400', 'D04.615.638.960.400'], ['B01.050'], ['F01.145.113'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510.520'], ['D03.132.327.287.630', 'D03.633.400.439.630'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638', 'D04.615.638'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.960', 'D04.615.638.960']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Liposome-mediated transfer of vascular endothelial growth factor cDNA augments survival of random-pattern skin flaps in the rat.
|
Tissue engineering is an application for gene therapy that is in its infancy. We show that simple liposomal-mediated gene transfer could result in a potentially useful biological effect in the field of wound healing. cDNA encoding the 165 amino acid form of vascular endothelial growth factor complexed to commercially available liposomes was injected into rat skin 1 week before raising a random pattern 3 x 10 cm flap. The flap survival was enhanced by 14 percent, and was accomplished without accessing the arterial inflow of the territory. These results were statistically significant (p<0.002) and reproducible. No adverse effects were seen. Histological analysis of the angiogenesis localized much of the new vessel formation to the area around the hair follicles. Polymerase chain reaction amplification of extracted flap tissue confirmed the presence of the transgene.
|
['Animals', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Dermatologic Surgical Procedures', 'Female', 'Gene Transfer Techniques', 'Growth Substances', 'Injections, Intradermal', 'Liposomes', 'Models, Animal', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Skin', 'Surgical Flaps', 'Tissue Survival', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A', 'Wound Healing']
| 14,974,968
|
[['B01.050'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['E04.680.275'], ['E05.393.350'], ['D27.505.696.377'], ['E02.319.267.530.620.410'], ['D25.479.517', 'D26.255.260.517', 'J01.637.051.479.517', 'J01.637.087.500.517'], ['E05.598'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['A17.815'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710'], ['G16.920'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Localization and quaternary structure of the PKA RIâ holoenzyme.
|
Specificity for signaling by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) is achieved by both targeting and isoform diversity. The inactive PKA holoenzyme has two catalytic (C) subunits and a regulatory (R) subunit dimer (R(2):C(2)). Although the RIá, RIIá, and RIIâ isoforms are well studied, little is known about RIâ. We show here that RIâ is enriched selectively in mitochondria and hypothesized that its unique biological importance and functional nonredundancy will correlate with its structure. Small-angle X-ray scattering showed that the overall shape of RIâ(2):C(2) is different from its closest homolog, RIá(2):C(2). The full-length RIâ(2):C(2) crystal structure allows us to visualize all the domains of the PKA holoenzyme complex and shows how isoform-specific assembly of holoenzyme complexes can create distinct quaternary structures even though the R(1):C(1) heterodimers are similar in all isoforms. The creation of discrete isoform-specific PKA holoenzyme signaling "foci" paves the way for exploring further biological roles of PKA RIâ and establishes a paradigm for PKA signaling.
|
['Animals', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase RIbeta Subunit', 'Holoenzymes', 'Mice', 'Protein Structure, Quaternary', 'Second Messenger Systems', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 22,797,896
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.150.125.750.750', 'D12.644.360.200.125.750.750', 'D12.776.476.200.125.750.249'], ['D08.811.255'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.550'], ['G02.111.820.800', 'G04.835.800'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Interspecific, intraspecific and interoperonic variability in the 16S rRNA gene of methanogens revealed by length and single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis.
|
Thirty-seven strains of mesophilic and thermophilic methanogenic Archaea, belonging to 30 species, were analyzed by length polymorphism (LP) and single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) of an amplified 300-bp fragment of the 16S rRNA gene (Escherichia coli positions 9-331) including the variable regions V1 and V2, LPs and SSCPs were detected between species and between strains of the same species (Methanobacterium formicicum). LPs were found in Mb. formicicum DSMZ 3637, Mb. ivanovii DSMZ 2611, Mb. wolfei DSMZ 2970, Methanosarcina barkeri DSMZ 800, and Methanosaeta concilii DSMZ 3671, suggesting the presence of polymorphic 16S rRNA genes in the genome. We propose that LP and SSCP analysis of the 16S rRNA gene could be of practical help for strain identification.
|
['DNA, Archaeal', 'DNA, Ribosomal', 'Euryarchaeota', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational', 'RNA, Archaeal', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S', 'rRNA Operon']
| 9,682,489
|
[['D13.444.308.180'], ['D13.444.308.475'], ['B02.200'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G05.365.795.600'], ['D13.444.735.300'], ['D13.444.735.686.670'], ['G05.360.340.024.686.817', 'G05.360.340.358.207.500.817']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Exacerbation of experimental murine cutaneous leishmaniasis with CD4+ Leishmania major-specific T cell lines or clones which secrete interferon-gamma and mediate parasite-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity.
|
Leishmania major-specific T cell lines were derived from mice sensitized to the parasite. The cells were of the CD4+ T cell lineage and, upon adoptive transfer, were found to be capable of inducing parasite-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity. Adoptive transfer of these L. major-specific T cells to syngeneic recipients which were either normal, T cell deficient or B cell and antibody deficient led to exacerbation of infection upon subsequent challenge with L. major. This suggested that host T cells, B cells and antibody were not required for the L. major-specific T cells to exert their exacerbative effect on the course of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Additional studies revealed that the adoptive transfer of graded doses of these L. major-specific T cells always resulted in exacerbation of infection. Study of the localization pattern of the cells following transfer showed that they migrate preferentially to the site of the lesions. Furthermore, although the induction phase of this phenomenon was immunologically specific, its effector phase was not. Finally, T cell clones were derived from the L. major-specific T cell lines. The T cell clones were phenotypically and functionally identical to the T cell lines from which they were derived. Adoptive transfer of these parasite-specific T cell clones to normal syngeneic recipients induced an exacerbated course of infection with L. major. Interestingly, when these cloned T cells were specifically activated in vitro, the cells produced interleukin 2 and interferon-gamma, but no interleukin 4, indicating that they belong to the murine Th1 subset of CD4+ T cells.
|
['Animals', 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Clone Cells', 'Hypersensitivity, Delayed', 'Immunization, Passive', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Interleukin-2', 'Interleukin-4', 'Leishmania tropica', 'Leishmaniasis', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred Strains']
| 1,672,641
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['A11.251.353'], ['C20.543.418'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.330', 'E05.478.550.520'], ['E05.481'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.021', 'D12.644.276.374.480.372', 'D12.776.467.374.465.021', 'D12.776.467.374.480.372', 'D23.529.374.465.155', 'D23.529.374.480.372'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.186', 'D12.776.467.374.465.178', 'D23.529.374.465.186'], ['B01.268.475.868.488.680'], ['C01.610.752.300.500', 'C01.610.858.560', 'C01.920.813', 'C17.800.838.775.560'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The Portuguese version of Rhinitis and Asthma Patient's Perspective (RAPP): Validation and assessment.
|
BACKGROUND: Allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma are two common chronic diseases that often coexist. There is a need for a validated tool to evaluate HRQoL of Portuguese speakers with asthma and/or rhinitis patients in clinical practice.OBJECTIVES: To adapt and validate RhinAsthma Patient Perspective (RAPP) in Portuguese.METHODS: The RAPP questionnaire was translated into Portuguese. Asthmatics with comorbidities and rhinitis attending the allergy department of Coimbra University Hospital were asked to complete the Portuguese translation of RAPP, in addition to the SF-12, ACT, and a Symptomatologic VAS twice, with a 4-week interval between visits. During Visit 2, a Global Rating Scale (GRS) was completed to assess any change in health status. Scale dimensions, internal consistency and convergent validity, reliability, discriminant ability and responsiveness to change, as well as Minimal Clinical Difference were assessed.RESULTS: Factor and confirmatory analysis confirm the unidimensional structure of the questionnaire. Internal consistency has been shown to be satisfactory (0.82 visit 1 and 0.86 at visit 2). The tool is able to discriminate between patients on the basis of asthma severity, asthma control level, and rhinitis severity; convergent validity showed a significant correlation with SF-2 Physical component (r=-0.46 and 0.42, p at Visits 1 and 2). An ICC of 0.97 and a CCC=0.94 indicate that the tool is highly reliable. Responsiveness was shown in detecting a significant association with GRS changes (r=0.41, p<0.01) and ACT (r=-0.47, p<0.01) but not with VAS. (r=.14, n.s.). MID value was 2 points.CONCLUSIONS: The Portuguese version of RAPP has been demonstrated to have good measurement properties and sensitivity to health changes, which will provide a valid, reliable and standardized HRQoL measurement in patients with asthma and comorbid allergic rhinitis in clinical practice.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Asthma', 'Chronic Disease', 'Comorbidity', 'Ethnic Groups', 'Female', 'Health Status', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Quality of Life', 'Rhinitis', 'Rhinitis, Allergic', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Translations', 'Young Adult']
| 30,737,172
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['M01.686.754', 'N01.224.317'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['C01.748.674', 'C08.460.799', 'C08.730.674', 'C09.603.799'], ['C08.460.799.315', 'C08.674.453', 'C09.603.799.315', 'C20.543.480.680.443'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['L01.178.682.920'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Expression of bacterial superantigen genes in mice induces localized mononuclear cell inflammatory responses.
|
Bacterial superantigens are potent T cell activators, and superantigen proteins have been injected into mice and other animals to study T cell responses in vivo. When superantigen proteins are injected, however, the T cell stimulatory effects cannot be confined to specific tissues. Therefore, to target superantigen expression to specific tissues, we used gene transfer techniques to express bacterial superantigen genes in mammalian cells in vitro and in tissues in vivo. Murine, human, and canine cells transfected with superantigen genes in vitro all produced superantigen proteins both intracellularly and extracellularly, as assessed by bioassay, immunocytochemistry, and antigen ELISA. Superantigens produced by transfected eukaryotic cells retained their biologic specificity for T cell receptor binding. Intramuscular injection of superantigen plasmid DNA in vivo induced an intense intramuscular mononuclear cell infiltrate, an effect that could not be reproduced by intramuscular injection of superantigen protein. Intradermal and intravenous injection of superantigen DNA induced cutaneous and intrapulmonary mononuclear cell inflammatory responses, respectively. Thus, superantigen genes can be expressed by mammalian cells in vivo. Superantigen gene therapy represents a novel method of targeting localized T cell inflammatory reactions, with potential application to treatment of cancer and certain infectious diseases.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Line', 'Dogs', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Gene Transfer Techniques', 'Genetic Therapy', 'Humans', 'Inflammation', 'Leukocytes, Mononuclear', 'Mice', 'Superantigens', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 9,169,491
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['E05.393.350'], ['E02.095.301', 'E05.393.420.301'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.470'], ['A11.118.637.555', 'A15.145.229.637.555', 'A15.382.490.555'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D23.050.820'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Periodicity of arrhythmias in healthy elderly men at the moderate altitude.
|
The 24-hour periodicity of supraventricular (SVPB) and ventricular (VEB) extrasystoles in healthy elderly men (age 49-69 years) was studied at two altitudes during 24 h Holter ECG monitoring. At the low altitude (200 m, n = 26), SVPB were more frequent than VEB. The highest occurrence of SVPB was at 17:00 h, the lowest at 01:00 and 02:00 h (P<0.001). The highest occurrence of VEB was at 09:00 h, the lowest one at 04:00 h (P<0.001). At 1350 m (n=9) the incidence of both SVPB and VEB was approximately twofold higher compared to that at the low altitude (P<0.001). The highest occurrence of SVPB was at 13:00 h, the lowest at 06:00 h (P<0.001). VEB were the most frequent at 10:00 h and 13:00 h, while the lowest frequency was observed at 06:00 h (P<0.001). Our results indicate that the incidence of SVPB and VEB in healthy persons at the moderate altitude is twofold and its periodicity is shifted compared to the low altitude. The cause of increased occurrence of extrasystoles is probably due to beta-adrenergic activation of the heart at the higher altitude.
|
['Aged', 'Altitude', 'Cardiac Complexes, Premature', 'Czech Republic', 'Electrocardiography, Ambulatory', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Periodicity']
| 10,984,096
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['G16.500.275.058', 'N06.230.058'], ['C14.280.067.325', 'C14.280.123.375', 'C23.550.073.325'], ['Z01.542.248.395'], ['E01.370.370.380.240.230', 'E01.370.405.240.230', 'E01.370.520.500.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G01.910.645', 'G07.180.562']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a bridge to lung transplantation].
|
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as a bridge to lung transplantation (LTx).METHODS: The clinical data of 18 patients with end-stage lung diseases was retrospectively reviewed, using ECMO as a bridge to LTx in intensive care unit of Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital from January 2015 to December 2017. Clinical parameters were obtained from these patients, including gender, age, primary disease, preoperative lactate level, preoperative leukocyte, operation modality (unilateral or bilateral), type of ECMO, ECMO support time as a bridge to LTx, ECMO support time after operation, total usage time of ECMO, ECMO associated complications, primary graft dysfunction (PGD), successful ECMO weaning, and survival. Patients were divided according to type of ECMO, whether successfully weaned from ECMO or not, and primary disease. Clinical data was compared, and the Kaplan-Meier survival of 180-day was studied.RESULTS: (1) The overall situation showed: A total of 18 patients were enrolled, with 14 males and 4 females, age ranged from 23 to 78 years old. Primary disease included 6 cases of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), 3 cases of idiopathic pulmonary hypertension (IPAH), 8 cases of interstitial pneumonia and 1 case of silicosis. Nine patients received venous-venous (V-V) ECMO and 9 venous-artery (V-A) ECMO as a bridge to LTx; 15 patients received LTx successfully, and failed in 3 cases. The average bridge time was 57.5 (14.5, 116.5) hours. ECMO associated complications included 6 cases with bleeding, 12 cases with renal failure, 2 cases with thrombosis, 2 cases with oxygenator leak, and 1 case with leg ischemia. There were 7 unilateral (5 right lungs and 2 left lungs) and 8 bilateral LTx. Three patients died before LTx due to septic shock. Nine patients died after LTx, 4 for septic shock, 4 for multiple organ failure, and 1 for sudden cardiac death. Six patients survived after LTx. (2) Group comparison showed: There was no significant difference in gender, age, ECMO support time as a bridge to LTx, ECMO support time after operation, total ECMO usage time, incidence of PGD, successful weaning from ECMO, and 180-day survival rate between V-V ECMO group (n = 7) and V-A ECMO group (n = 8). There was no significant difference in gender, age, primary disease, type of ECMO, operation modality, preoperative leukocyte count between groups of successfully weaned from ECMO (n = 11) and the failed (n = 7). Lower level of preoperative lactate acid (mmol/L: 3.01±1.51 vs. 8.27±3.49, t = -3.770, P = 0.006), shorter total ECMO usage time (hours: 72.82±40.53 vs. 210.71±107.10, t = -3.907, P = 0.001), and higher 180-day survival rate (54.5% vs. 0, P = 0.038) were found in the group of successfully weaned from ECMO, when compared with the failed group. (3) Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that postoperative survival rates of 7, 30, 60, and 180 days of 18 patients was 72.2%, 38.9%, 33.3%, and 33.3%, respectively. Among them, the postoperative survival rates of 7, 30, 60, and 180 days in the group of successfully weaned from ECMO (n = 11) were higher than those in group of failed (n = 7; 81.8% vs. 57.1%, 63.6 % vs. 0, 54.5% vs. 0, 54.5% vs. 0, respectively; log-rank test: ÷2 = 8.009, P = 0.005). The postoperative survival rates of 7, 30, 60, and 180 days in IPF group (n = 6) were lower than those in non-IPF group (n = 12; 33.3% vs. 83.3%, 16.7% vs. 50.0%, 16.7% vs. 41.7%, 16.7% vs. 41.7%; log-rank test: ÷2 = 4.161, P = 0.041).CONCLUSIONS: The use of ECMO as a bridge to LTx may provide survival benefit for LTx recipients. V-V ECMO provides effective life support for patients without severe heart failure, and V-A ECMO for patients with unstable hemodynamics. Preoperative lactate level and total ECMO duration time were closely related to ECMO weaning rate. Primary diagnosis may affect prognosis.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lung Diseases', 'Lung Transplantation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 30,592,952
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.880.301', 'E04.292.451'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381'], ['E04.928.600.495', 'E04.936.450.495'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
CT and CT-perfusion findings of reversible leukoencephalopathy during triple-H therapy for symptomatic subarachnoid hemorrhage-related vasospasm.
|
BACKGROUND: Reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RLS) is an acute neurological syndrome associated with altered mental status and visual disturbances described in patients with sudden elevations in systemic blood pressure and other medical conditions. In this process, neuroimaging studies usually demonstrate diffuse edema involving the subcortical structures of the posterior regions of the brain. Triple H (HHH) therapy is an established treatment for symptomatic vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). RLS has not been reported in the scientific literature as a complication of HHH therapy with perfusion computed tomography (CTP) imaging documentation.CASE: A 73-year-old woman developed iatrogenic RLS during HHH therapy for SAH-related vasospasm. The computed tomography (CT) revealed bilateral parieto-occipital hypodensities. The CTP study showed increased cerebral blood volume and blood flow as well as decreased mean transit time in both parietal-occipital regions, which is compatible with vasogenic edema.CONCLUSION: The induction of hypertension as part of HHH therapy for SAH-related cerebral vasospasm may result in RLS. Therefore, it should be considered as a potentially reversible cause in the differential diagnosis of neurological deterioration in SAH patients while on HHH therapy. CTP study can offer an alternative for the assessment of this cerebrovascular syndrome.
|
['Aged', 'Albumins', 'Brain Edema', 'Cerebral Angiography', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertensive Encephalopathy', 'Phenylephrine', 'Sodium Chloride', 'Subarachnoid Hemorrhage', 'Syndrome', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Vasospasm, Intracranial']
| 16,629,742
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.034'], ['C10.228.140.187'], ['E01.370.350.578.937.180', 'E01.370.350.700.060.180', 'E01.370.350.700.560.180', 'E01.370.370.050.180', 'E01.370.376.537.750.180', 'E05.629.937.180'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.631.500'], ['D02.033.100.291.617', 'D02.092.063.291.617'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650'], ['C10.228.140.300.535.800', 'C14.907.253.573.800', 'C23.550.414.913.850'], ['C23.550.288.500'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['C10.228.140.300.900', 'C14.907.253.951']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[ERRORS IN DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF IMMUNODEPENDENT PATHOLOGY (ORIGINAL CONCEPT)].
|
Based on many years of experience in 2009, we developed the original concept of a mixed approach to the treatment of infectious diseases in patients. During 2.5 years(from 2013 to June 2015) to have applied for consultative-diagnostic help of 3965 patients who had not verified the primary diagnosis. The basic principle of verification of the pathology of the removal of various causes immunosuppression. Based on our extensive, research and observation was often found in patients ascaridosis (55%) and giardiasis (65%), as a possible cause of immunosuppression. In 13% of patients was found the mucosal candidiasis. Among frequently and chronically ill persons we identified the active forms of Epstein-Barr virus (quantitative polymerase chain reaction in saliva) in 40%. The criterion for assessing performance immunogram was a decrease of two sigmal deviation from the lower age limit. In the study of neutrophil myeloperoxidase content observed decline (< 60%) in 99 (9.7%) of 1015 patients, indicating a fairly common cause of long-term permit infection in the tissues and persistence C. albicans. In the study of lymphocyte subpopulations often demonstrated reduction in the number of natural killer cells (26.7% of subjects), which shows a decline of one of the most important factors of congenital immunity. Among the humoral immune disorders often noted the decrease of total IgG (2.4%) and its subclass IgG1 (22.1%), indicating a significant diagnostic value determination of IgG subclasses it even with normal serum total. Thus, approximately 76% of patients often suffer set of a decrease immunity. Patients developed with mixed infections caused by various bacterial, fungal, viral and protozoan agents and worms. Immunological study of patients should be redynamics after eliminating the causes immunosuppression and sanitation foci of infection. Only multi-level examination of the patient will determine the final diagnosis and adequate treatment.
|
['Animals', 'Antifungal Agents', 'Antiparasitic Agents', 'Antiviral Agents', 'Ascariasis', 'Ascaris', 'Candida albicans', 'Candidiasis', 'Diagnostic Errors', 'Epstein-Barr Virus Infections', 'Female', 'Giardia lamblia', 'Giardiasis', 'Herpesvirus 4, Human', 'Humans', 'Immunocompromised Host', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Immunologic Factors', 'Immunosuppression', 'Killer Cells, Natural', 'Male', 'Neutrophils', 'Peroxidase']
| 27,491,144
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.136'], ['D27.505.954.122.250'], ['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['C01.610.335.508.700.100.070'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.400.500.100.108'], ['B01.300.107.795.095.326', 'B01.300.381.147.326', 'B01.300.930.176.326'], ['C01.150.703.160'], ['E01.354', 'N02.421.450.280'], ['C01.925.256.466.313', 'C01.925.928.313'], ['B01.237.385.400'], ['C01.610.432.481', 'C01.610.752.400', 'C06.405.469.452.481'], ['B04.280.210.400.500.450', 'B04.280.382.400.500.400', 'B04.613.204.500.500.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.470'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D27.505.696.477'], ['E02.095.465.425.450', 'E05.478.610'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.537', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.537', 'A15.382.490.555.567.537'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['D08.811.682.732.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
New Crosslinked Hyaluronan Gel for the Prevention of Intrauterine Adhesions after Dilation and Curettage in Patients with Delayed Miscarriage: A Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Trial.
|
STUDY OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of a new crosslinked hyaluronan (NCH) gel in reducing the formation of intrauterine adhesions (IUAs) after dilation and curettage (D&C).DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial (Canadian Task Force classification I).SETTINGS: Six hospitals for maternal and child healthcare in China.PATIENTS: A total of 300 patients were randomized to undergo D&C for delayed miscarriage without previous history of D&C. Twenty-six patients (9%) were lost to follow-up and were excluded from the analysis.INTERVENTIONS: Women were randomly assigned to D&C alone (control group; n = 150) or D&C plus NCH gel application (NCH gel group; n = 150) with 1:1 allocation.MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: All patients were evaluated using the American Fertility Society classification of IUAs during follow-up diagnostic hysteroscopy, scheduled at 3 months after D&C procedure. The primary endpoint was the number of women with IUAs at 3 months, and the secondary endpoints were adhesion scores and severity of IUAs. Postoperative efficacy data were available for 274 women (137 in each group). Intrauterine adhesion formations were observed in 13 of the 137 women (9.5%) in the NCH gel group and in 33 of the 137 women (24.1%) in the control group (p = .0012; relative risk [RR], 0.3939; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.2107-0.7153), a difference of 14.6% (95% CI, 5.92%-23.28%) between the 2 groups. The extent of intrauterine cavity involved, type of adhesion and menstrual pattern, and cumulative adhesion scores were significantly lower in the NCH gel group compared with the control group (p = .0007, .008, .0012, and .0006, respectively). The proportion of women with moderate to severe IUAs was significantly lower in the NCH gel group than that in the control group (1 of 137 [0.7%] vs 16 of 137 [11.7%]; p = .0002; RR, 0.0625; 95% CI, 0.0084-0.4648), a difference of 11.95% (95% CI, 5.39%-16.51%) between the 2 groups.CONCLUSIONS: The current study demonstrates that IUAs are frequently formed after D&C for delayed miscarriage in women without a previous history of D&C procedures, and the application of NCH gel significantly reduces IUA formation.
|
['Abortion, Spontaneous', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'China', 'Cross-Linking Reagents', 'Dilatation', 'Dilatation and Curettage', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Gels', 'Humans', 'Hyaluronic Acid', 'Hysteroscopy', 'Middle Aged', 'Pregnancy', 'Prospective Studies', 'Tissue Adhesions', 'Uterine Diseases', 'Young Adult']
| 29,678,756
|
[['C13.703.039', 'G08.686.784.769.496.125'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['D27.720.470.410.210'], ['E05.284'], ['E04.157.310', 'E04.950.300.299'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['D20.280.320', 'D26.255.165.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D09.698.373.475'], ['E01.370.378.330', 'E01.370.388.250.360', 'E04.502.250.360', 'E04.520.360', 'E04.950.300.539'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C23.550.355.274.840'], ['C13.351.500.852'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Ovarian small cell carcinoma: A case report with histologic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural findings.
|
A rare case of ovarian small cell carcinoma occurring in a 22-year-old pregnant woman is presented. Despite extensive therapy including surgery, combination chemotherapy and irradiation, the patient died after 23 months. The histologic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features are described. The literature is reviewed and differential diagnoses are discussed.
|
['Adult', 'Carcinoma, Small Cell', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intermediate Filament Proteins', 'Necrosis', 'Ovarian Neoplasms']
| 1,652,993
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C04.557.470.200.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D05.750.078.593', 'D12.776.220.475'], ['C23.550.717'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Value of coral implant in the treatment of functional failure after subtotal laryngectomy with crico-hyoid fixation].
|
Subtotal laryngectomy with CHP have prolongated post operative care because aspiration. In 16% of cases a new surgical procedure is necessary. The authors have used a implant of madreporic coral placed in the base of the tongue just behind the hyoid bone to achieve a total closure of the larynx during swallowing. This operation has stopped aspiration in 2 cases very quickly.
|
['Bone Substitutes', 'Deglutition Disorders', 'Humans', 'Hyoid Bone', 'Laryngectomy', 'Prostheses and Implants', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 7,726,477
|
[['D25.130.325', 'J01.637.051.130.325'], ['C06.405.117.119', 'C09.775.174'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.409'], ['E04.580.369'], ['E07.695'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Pharmacologic interactions between the muscarinic cholinergic and dopaminergic systems in the modulation of prepulse inhibition in rats.
|
Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle reflex is a sensorimotor gating process known to be deficient in a number of neurologic and psychiatric conditions, including schizophrenia. Multiple lines of evidence have indicated that the dopaminergic and muscarinic cholinergic systems play an important role in modulating PPI. Moreover, interactions between the dopaminergic and muscarinic cholinergic systems are well known; however, little is known about potential interactions between the two systems in modulating PPI. Therefore, the purpose of the present studies was to determine whether interactions occur between the muscarinic cholinergic and dopaminergic systems in modulating PPI. The efficacy of muscarinic cholinergic receptor agonists in reversing the disruption of PPI induced by apomorphine, a D1/D2 dopamine receptor agonist, was evaluated in male Sprague-Dawley rats. The M1/M4-preferring muscarinic agonist xanomeline and the M2/M4-preferring agonist BuTAC [([5R-[exo]-6-[butylthio]-1,2,5-thiadiazol-3-yl-]-1-azabyciclo-[3.2.1])octane oxalate] reversed the apomorphine-induced disruption of PPI in a manner similar to that produced by the D2-like dopamine receptor antagonists haloperidol and olanzapine. The muscarinic agonists oxotremorine, RS86 [[2-ethyl-8-methyl-2,8-diazaspiro(4.5)decane-1,3-dione] hydrochloride], pilocarpine, milameline, and sabcomeline also reversed the apomorphine-induced disruption of PPI. Moreover, the muscarinic antagonist scopolamine also disrupted PPI, and the D2-like receptor antagonist haloperidol, but not the D1-like receptor antagonist SCH23390 [R-(+)-7-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine], reversed the scopolamine-induced disruption. In addition, xanomeline produced a significant reversal of the disruption in PPI produced by scopolamine. Collectively, the present findings demonstrate that a functional interaction occurs between the muscarinic cholinergic and dopaminergic systems in modulating PPI and that muscarinic cholinergic agonists may be effective in the treatment of the PPI and other cognitive impairments observed in schizophrenia.
|
['Acoustic Stimulation', 'Animals', 'Apomorphine', 'Benzazepines', 'Cognition Disorders', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Haloperidol', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptors, Dopamine', 'Receptors, Muscarinic', 'Reflex', 'Reflex, Startle']
| 15,574,685
|
[['E02.037', 'E02.190.888.030', 'E05.723.136'], ['B01.050'], ['D03.132.098.038.290', 'D03.633.100.531.085.030.290', 'D03.633.400.095.290'], ['D03.633.100.079'], ['F03.615.250'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D02.522.352.506'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.400', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.400', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.475', 'D12.776.543.750.720.360.500'], ['E01.370.376.550.650', 'E01.370.600.550.650', 'F02.830.702', 'G11.561.731'], ['E01.370.376.550.650.800', 'E01.370.600.550.650.800', 'F02.830.702.807', 'G11.561.731.869']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
High-Content Screening Identifies New Inhibitors of Connexin 43 Gap Junctions.
|
Gap junctions (GJs) are dynamic structures composed of hexamers of connexins (Cxs), a class of transmembrane proteins enabling channel-mediated direct intercellular communication through cell-cell diffusion of ions and small metabolites. In defined conditions, Cxs also work as hemichannels allowing exchanges between the cytoplasm and the extracellular medium. The most common GJ channel is formed by connexin 43 (Cx43) and plays an important role in physiological and pathological processes in excitable tissues, such as heart and brain. Hence, Cx43 has been largely envisioned as a new therapeutic target in cancer, neurological and psychiatric indications, or cardiovascular diseases. Identifying new pharmacological inhibitors of Cx43 GJs with different mechanisms of action and from diverse chemical classes is thus highly challenging. We present here a high-content screening method, based on the evaluation of fluorescent dye transfer rates between adjacent cells to monitor the function of GJs in U251 glioblastoma cells expressing high levels of Cx43. This assay was validated using well-described pharmacological GJ inhibitors such as mefloquine. The method was adapted to screen a library of 1,280 Food and Drug Administration- and European Medicines Agency-approved drugs that led to the selection of both known and new inhibitors of GJ channel function. We further focused on a specific class of microtubule-targeting agents, confirming that a proper tubulin network is required for functional Cx43 GJ channels.
|
['Cell Line, Tumor', 'Connexin 43', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Gap Junctions', 'High-Throughput Screening Assays', 'Humans', 'Mefloquine']
| 31,314,551
|
[['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D12.776.543.585.250.200'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['A11.284.149.165.420.471'], ['E05.916.680'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.810.410']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
In vitro time-dependent vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-induced free radical generation and status of antioxidant enzymes in murine peritoneal macrophage.
|
Staphylococcus aureus is most frequently isolated pathogen causing bloodstream infections, skin and soft tissue infections, and pneumonia. The immune cells use reactive oxygen species (ROS) for carrying out their normal functions, while an excess amount of ROS can attack cellular components that lead to cell damage. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the free radical generation and status of the antioxidant enzymes in murine peritoneal macrophage during in vitro vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) treatment with different time intervals. Peritoneal macrophages were treated with 5 ? 10(6) colony-forming units (CFU)/mL VRSA cell suspension in vitro for different time intervals (1, 2, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h), and superoxide anion generation, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activity, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, nitric oxide (NO) generation, antioxidant enzyme status, and components of glutathione cycle were analyzed. Superoxide anion generation, NADPH oxidase activity, MPO activity, and NO generation got peak at 3 h indicates maximum free radical generation through activation of NADPH oxidase in murine peritoneal macrophages during VRSA infection. Reduced glutathione level, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione S-transferase activity were decreased significantly (P < 0.05) with increasing time of VRSA infection. But the oxidized glutathione level was time-dependently increased significantly (P < 0.05) in murine peritoneal macrophages. All the changes in peritoneal macrophages after 3 h in vitro VRSA treatment had no significant difference. From this study, it may be summarized that in vitro VRSA infection not only generates excess free radical but also affects the antioxidant status and glutathione cycle in murine peritoneal macrophages.
|
['Animals', 'Antioxidants', 'Catalase', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Free Radicals', 'Glutathione', 'Glutathione Peroxidase', 'Lipid Peroxidation', 'Macrophages, Peritoneal', 'Male', 'Mice', 'NADPH Oxidases', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Peroxidase', 'Protein Carbonylation', 'Staphylococcus aureus', 'Superoxide Dismutase', 'Superoxides', 'Time Factors', 'Vancomycin Resistance']
| 21,958,328
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D08.811.682.732.332'], ['A11.251'], ['D01.339', 'D02.389'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['D08.811.682.732.500'], ['G02.111.515', 'G03.295.531.587'], ['A11.329.372.630', 'A11.627.482.630', 'A11.733.397.630', 'A15.382.670.522.630', 'A15.382.680.397.630'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D08.811.682.608.575', 'D12.776.331.894', 'D12.776.543.653'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D08.811.682.732.700'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600.350', 'G02.111.691.600.350', 'G03.673.690', 'G03.734.871.790.600.350', 'G05.308.670.600.350', 'G07.775.750.750'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100'], ['D08.811.682.881'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.850', 'D01.339.431.374.850', 'D01.650.550.750.800', 'D02.389.338.732'], ['G01.910.857'], ['G06.099.225.984', 'G06.225.347.984', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.984']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
3H-Haloperidol binding to dopamine receptors in rat corpus striatum: influence of chlorpromazine metabolites and derivatives.
|
A series of chlorpromazine metabolites and derivatives have been assayed for their ability to compete with 3H-haloperidol binding to dopamine receptors in membranes of rat corpus striatum. 3-Hydroxylation of chlorpromazine doubles affinity for receptor sites, while 7-hydroxychlorpromazine has a potency similar to that of chlorpromazine itself. Other patterns of hydroxylation reduce affinity. Side chain demethylation lowers affinity for binding sites. Several metabolites which lack neuroleptic activity in vivo, such as chlorpromazine-5-oxide, also are inactive in competing for 3H-haloperidol binding. Since blood levels of 7-hydroxychlorpromazine tend to be similar to those of chlorpromazine itself in patients, these observations indicate that 7-hydroxychlorpromazine may account for a major portion of the antischizophrenic efficacy of chlorpromazine. The structure--activity relationships observed in the present study support a model in which chlorpromazine interacts with dopamine receptors by assuming a conformation with its side chain tilted toward ring A.
|
['Animals', 'Chlorpromazine', 'Corpus Striatum', 'Haloperidol', 'Hydroxylation', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Rats', 'Receptors, Dopamine']
| 631,182
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.886.369.198', 'D03.633.300.783.198'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487'], ['D02.522.352.506'], ['G02.111.385', 'G02.607.348', 'G03.425'], ['E05.481'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.400', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.400', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Attribution, cognition and psychopathology in persistent insomnia disorder: outcome and mediation analysis from a randomized placebo-controlled trial of online cognitive behavioural therapy.
|
OBJECTIVES: Insomnia patients complain that mental events keep them awake. This study investigates how cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) affects such events and considers how attributional, cognitive and psychopathological symptoms may mediate sleep improvement.METHOD: A pragmatic, parallel-group randomized controlled trial of 164 adults (120 F: (mean 49 years (18-78 years)) meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) criteria for insomnia disorder, assigned to CBT (n=55; 40 F), imagery relief therapy (IRT placebo; n=55; 42 F), or treatment as usual (TAU; n=54; 38 F), was conducted. CBT/IRT comprised six online sessions delivered by an animated therapist, with automated web/e-mail support. CBT users had access to a moderated community. TAU comprised 'usual care'. Participants completed the Sleep Disturbance Questionnaire (SDQ), Glasgow Content of Thoughts Inventory (GCTI), Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS) and Sleep Condition Indicator (SCI) at baseline, post treatment and 8-week follow-up.RESULTS: The sample was characterised by mental arousal, notably 'trying too hard' to sleep (SDQ), and by 'sleep and sleeplessness' and 'rehearsal and planning' thoughts (GCTI). Treatment effects were observed for all SDQ domains (e.g., CBT vs. IRT: d=0.76 for 'trying too hard'). CBT was also superior to IRT on the GCTI (e.g., 'rehearsal and planning', d=0.62; 'sleep and sleeplessness', d=0.74). CBT vs. TAU comparisons yielded larger effects, whereas placebo effects (IRT vs. TAU) were small to moderate. Hierarchical regression demonstrated partial mediation of SCI improvement by attributional and cognitive factors (R2 = 21-27%) following CBT. Improvement in sleep efficiency appears to be independent of such factors.CONCLUSION: Online CBT modifies sleep-related attributions, night-time thought content and psychopathology. This process partly mediates improvement in DSM-5-defined insomnia.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Cognition', 'Cognitive Behavioral Therapy', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Online Systems', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Psychological Tests', 'Psychopathology', 'Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 24,791,643
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F02.463.188'], ['F04.754.137.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.742'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['F04.711'], ['F04.096.670'], ['C10.886.425.800.800', 'F03.870.400.800.800'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Synthesis and binding monitoring of a new nanomolar PAMAM-based matrix metalloproteinases inhibitor (MMPIs).
|
Dendrimers are efficient drug delivery systems particularly useful in ocular diseases. In particular, low generation PAMAM dendrimers are non-toxic and non-immunogenic and they provide an enhancement of the residence time of drugs in the eyes. In this context, the synthesis of the PAMAM-based matrix metalloproteinases inhibitor 5, is reported. In particular, we demonstrated that 5 strongly binds (18.0nM±2.5nM) MMP-9, the most relevant MMP responsible of ocular surface damages in induced dry eyes syndrome (DES).
|
['Binding Sites', 'Dendrimers', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Fluorometry', 'Humans', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 9', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors', 'Molecular Structure', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 27,914,947
|
[['G02.111.570.120'], ['D05.750.327', 'E02.319.300.380.200', 'J01.637.512.600.200'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E05.196.712.516.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.350', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.350', 'D12.644.276.848.350', 'D12.776.467.836.350'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.610'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Platelet release reaction and plasma catecholamines during total hip replacement. No effects of high doses of corticosteroids.
|
Platelet activation and catecholamine levels during surgery and the effects of corticosteroids on these reactions were examined in fourteen patients operated by uncemented total hip replacement (THR). Beta-thromboglobulin (BTG), released from alpha granules during platelet activation, catecholamines and cortisol were examined in plasma before operation and in the early postoperative period. The patients were randomly divided into two groups, a corticosteroid group where the patients were treated by high doses of methylprednisolone (HDC) and a nonsteroid group. BTG increased about 200% during the operation, and thereafter, decreased to slightly supranormal values after 24 hours. There were no significant differences between the two patient groups. Catecholamine levels were low, and there were only minor changes following surgery. Cortisol increased following THR in the nonsteroid group. A standardized muscle-skeletal trauma in the form of THR caused a significant increase in platelet activation as evaluated by BTG increase during the first 24 hours after the operation. Catecholamines did not seem to be of importance for this activation, neither were the levels of BTG influenced by HDC.
|
['Adrenal Cortex Hormones', 'Aged', 'Blood Platelets', 'Catecholamines', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Hip', 'Hip Prosthesis', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Platelet Activation']
| 2,300,922
|
[['D06.472.040'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['D02.092.311', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['A01.378.610.400'], ['E07.695.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G09.188.390.600']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Nonlinear progressive wave equation for stratified atmospheres.
|
The nonlinear progressive wave equation (NPE) [McDonald and Kuperman, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 81, 1406-1417 (1987)] is expressed in a form to accommodate changes in the ambient atmospheric density, pressure, and sound speed as the time-stepping computational window moves along a path possibly traversing significant altitude differences (in pressure scale heights). The modification is accomplished by the addition of a stratification term related to that derived in the 1970s for linear range-stepping calculations and later adopted into Khokhlov-Zabolotskaya-Kuznetsov-type nonlinear models. The modified NPE is shown to preserve acoustic energy in a ray tube and yields analytic similarity solutions for vertically propagating N waves in isothermal and thermally stratified atmospheres.
|
['Acoustics', 'Atmosphere', 'Atmospheric Pressure', 'Computer Simulation', 'Mathematical Computing', 'Nonlinear Dynamics', 'Sound', 'Temperature', 'Time Factors']
| 22,087,891
|
[['H01.671.031'], ['G16.500.275.063', 'N06.230.300.100'], ['G16.500.750.274', 'N06.230.300.100.185'], ['L01.224.160'], ['L01.224.680'], ['E05.599.850', 'H01.548.675'], ['G01.750.770.776'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Down syndrome serum marker screening: decision criteria and implicit values.
|
Maternal serum markers assess the individual risk of giving birth to a fetus with Down syndrome. Because this information is a probability, and because of the infinite number of cut-off risks that can be adopted, a decision criterion is needed to define a population screening program. While a decision criterion for cut-off risks may refer to arbitrations between risks, another criterion must be considered. This criterion focuses on a societal perspective by comparing the costs of the program to the expected benefits. We will first discuss the questions that are raised when assessing, in terms of cost-effectiveness, the consequences of having adopted the policy maker's preferences for prenatal diagnosis referral. Subsequently, we will discuss the implicit values attributed to the outcomes of the program when the societal point of view is reduced to societal profitability. This is accomplished by means of a cost-benefit analysis using the 'avoided costs' approach. The consequences of screening with 'double' and 'triple' tests were assessed using a database made of 10,108 observations, including 63 Down syndrome cases. For a cut-off risk of 1:250 (resulting in a 7% amniocentesis referral rate, regardless of the technique), conclusions in terms of decision making differ according to the effectiveness indicator. Although a criterion based on resource allocation would promote the triple test, cost-benefit analysis points out the impact on results of factors such as the amniocentesis related fetal losses or the introduction of equity principles.
|
['Adult', 'Amniocentesis', 'Biomarkers', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Decision Making', 'Diagnostic Tests, Routine', 'Down Syndrome', 'Female', 'France', 'Health Care Rationing', 'Health Policy', 'Humans', 'Maternal-Fetal Exchange', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Pregnancy', 'Prenatal Diagnosis', 'Risk Assessment', 'Social Values']
| 10,178,803
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.050', 'E01.370.225.998.329.309', 'E01.370.378.630.050', 'E04.665.600.309', 'E05.200.500.384.050', 'E05.200.998.329.309', 'E05.242.384.050'], ['D23.101'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['F02.463.785.373'], ['E01.370.395'], ['C10.597.606.360.220', 'C16.131.077.327', 'C16.131.260.260', 'C16.320.180.260'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['I01.261.750.500', 'N03.349.270', 'N05.300.430.375'], ['I01.655.500.608.400', 'I01.880.604.825.608.400', 'N03.623.500.608.428'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.784.769.455'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.370.378.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['F01.829.873']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Ischemic stroke in patients with intermittent claudication: a clinical study of 142 cases.
|
The clinical features, risk factors, neuroimaging findings, and outcome of acute ischemic stroke were assessed in patients with intermittent claudication. Data from 142 patients with ischemic stroke and intermittent claudication were collected from a prospective hospital-based stroke registry in which 2500 consecutive acute stroke patients attended over a 12-year period. Ischemic stroke in patients with intermittent claudication accounted for 7.7% of all ischemic strokes (n = 1840). Ischemic stroke with and without intermittent claudication showed a similar in-hospital mortality rate (16% vs 14%) and absence of functional limitation at hospital discharge (20.5% vs 18.5%). Ischemic stroke patients with intermittent claudication showed a significantly shorter length of stay than patients without symptomatic peripheral arterial disease (14.6 vs 18.8 days, p < 0.05). Ischemic heart disease, transient ischemic attack (TIA), renal dysfunction, and watershed infarct were significant independent predictors of ischemic stroke in patients with intermittent claudication. Although cerebral infarction in patients with intermittent claudication showed a clinical profile suggestive of poor outcome, the prognosis was similar to that of ischemic stroke without intermittent claudication.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Brain Ischemia', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intermittent Claudication', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Prognosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Registries', 'Risk Factors', 'Stroke']
| 15,230,483
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C10.228.140.300.150', 'C14.907.253.092'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.137.126.669', 'C23.888.531'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Mistreatment and the Learning Environment: A Mixed Methods Approach to Assess Knowledge and Raise Awareness Amongst Residents.
|
OBJECTIVE: Trainee mistreatment, either intentional or unintentional, negatively affects the learning environment. This study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of an educational intervention about mistreatment and the learning environment on general surgery residents.DESIGN: Video-based modules were developed and added to the residency curriculum. Modules provided definitions and examples of active and passive mistreatment and components of positive and negative learning environments. A mixed-methods approach was used to assess the impact of this intervention. Residents completed a previously validated pre and post-test of related knowledge and attitudes (Abuse Sensitivity Questionnaire). Wilcoxon Signed Rank test was used to compare test results. During video-review sessions, discussion was prompted amongst residents using a semistructured interview guide. Immersion crystallization method was used to identify dominant themes.SETTING: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, an academic tertiary care facility located in Boston, Massachusetts.PARTICIPANTS: All general surgery residents in our institution (n = 58) were invited to complete a survey at 3 time points.RESULTS: Fifty-eight residents (55% male) responded to the survey (100% response rate). Mean age was 30.2 year (SD 3.9). Perception of nicknames related to personal identifiers (p = 0.0065) and name-calling (p = 0.02) changed significantly postintervention (Table 1). Regarding standards of behavior, 42 (72.4%) residents considered yelling not to be abusive unless it occurred frequently or constantly; 15 (25.8%) residents considered swearing (not directed at a person) as "not abuse"; 6 (10.3%) considered constructive criticism to be abusive if it was frequent or constant; and 24 (41%) residents feel powerless to intervene in these scenarios. Multiple themes emerged regarding resident-student interactions: (1) resident perception that description of behavior as mistreatment depends on medical student sensitivity; (2) neglect of medical students avoids trouble (e.g., being labeled as active mistreatment); (3) failure to integrate students into the surgical team may occur due to perceived lack of student interest; and (4) communication with the medical student is key. Residents reported that discussion along with video review was more effective than video review alone.CONCLUSIONS: The video-based curriculum on mistreatment and the learning environment created awareness amongst residents about this important topic. Knowledge and attitudes about mistreatment changed in some areas postintervention. These findings suggest a need for development of complementary curricula to improve resident awareness and understanding of components of a positive learning environment and definition/examples of mistreatment.
|
['Adult', 'Bullying', 'Curriculum', 'Female', 'General Surgery', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Internship and Residency', 'Learning', 'Male', 'Self Report']
| 30,318,301
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.126.125.550', 'F01.145.813.213.500', 'I01.880.735.070'], ['I02.158'], ['H02.403.810.300'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I02.358.337.350.500', 'I02.358.399.350.750'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['E05.318.308.980.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cardamom powder supplementation prevents obesity, improves glucose intolerance, inflammation and oxidative stress in liver of high carbohydrate high fat diet induced obese rats.
|
BACKGROUND: Cardamom is a well-known spice in Indian subcontinent, used in culinary and traditional medicine practices since ancient times. The current investigation was untaken to evaluate the potential benefit of cardamom powder supplementation in high carbohydrate high fat (HCHF) diet induced obese rats.METHOD: Male Wistar rats (28 rats) were divided into four different groups such as Control, Control + cardamom, HCHF, HCHF + cardamom. High carbohydrate and high fat (HCHF) diet was prepared in our laboratory. Oral glucose tolerance test, organs wet weight measurements and oxidative stress parameters analysis as well as liver marker enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities were assayed on the tissues collected from the rats. Plasma lipids profiles were also measured in all groups of animals. Moreover, histological staining was also performed to evaluate inflammatory cells infiltration and fibrosis in liver.RESULTS: The current investigation showed that, HCHF diet feeding in rats developed glucose intolerance and increased peritoneal fat deposition compared to control rats. Cardamom powder supplementation improved the glucose intolerance significantly (p > 0.05) and prevented the abdominal fat deposition in HCHF diet fed rats. HCHF diet feeding in rats also developed dyslipidemia, increased fat deposition and inflammation in liver compared to control rats. Cardamom powder supplementation significantly prevented the rise of lipid parameters (p > 0.05) in HCHF diet fed rats. Histological assessments confirmed that HCHF diet increased the fat deposition and inflammatory cells infiltration in liver which was normalized by cardamom powder supplementation in HCHF diet fed rats. Furthermore, HCHF diet increased lipid peroxidation, decreased antioxidant enzymes activities and increased advanced protein oxidation product level significantly (p > 0.05) both in plasma and liver tissue which were modulated by cardamom powder supplementation in HCHF diet fed rats. HCHF diet feeding in rats also increased the ALT, AST and ALP enzyme activities in plasma which were also normalized by cardamom powder supplementation in HCHF diet fed rats. Moreover, cardamom powder supplementation ameliorated the fibrosis in liver of HCHF diet fed rats.CONCLUSION: This study suggests that, cardamom powder supplementation can prevent dyslipidemia, oxidative stress and hepatic damage in HCHF diet fed rats.
|
['Abdominal Fat', 'Alanine Transaminase', 'Alkaline Phosphatase', 'Animals', 'Antioxidants', 'Aspartate Aminotransferases', 'Diet, High-Fat', 'Dietary Carbohydrates', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Dyslipidemias', 'Elettaria', 'Glucose', 'Glucose Intolerance', 'Glucose Tolerance Test', 'Glycation End Products, Advanced', 'Lipid Peroxidation', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Male', 'Obesity', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Plant Extracts', 'Powders', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar']
| 28,806,968
|
[['A10.165.114.830.500'], ['D08.811.913.477.700.100'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.035'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D08.811.913.477.700.225'], ['G07.203.650.240.267'], ['D09.301', 'G07.203.300.362', 'J02.500.362'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['C18.452.584.500'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.618.937.900.333'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['C18.452.394.952.500'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.355', 'E01.370.374.355', 'E05.200.124.100.355'], ['D12.776.643.500'], ['G02.111.515', 'G03.295.531.587'], ['C06.552.630', 'C23.550.355.412'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D26.255.779'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Rapid method for isolating polychlorinated diphenyls from fat].
|
Clophen A-60 was isolated from trioleate by a modification of the method of Veierov and Aharonson. In comparison with the original method the change included the replacement of the glass set for separation of the organic phase with Hehner's cylinder, and in place of petrol ether n-hexane was used. The reproducibility of the method at two levels of fortification was high--the variability index at ICB level 0.200 mg/kg was 4.5% and at ICB level 1000 mg/kg was 6.8%. The calculated relative percent error was at the lower fortification was 3.6% on average, and 7.8% at the higher fortification. In view of the short time necessary for the test, low cost, very good degree of purification, high precision and accuracy this method may be used for separation of polychlorinated diphenyls from fats.
|
['Fats', 'Methods', 'Polychlorinated Biphenyls']
| 2,513,639
|
[['D10.212'], ['E05.581'], ['D02.309.750', 'D02.455.426.559.389.185.698', 'D02.455.526.439.773']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of influenza immunization on CYP3A4 activity.
|
A number of clinical reports of drug interactions with influenza vaccine have been made. We hypothesized that CYP3A4 activity would decrease following influenza immunization. Fifteen healthy subjects had erythromycin breath tests (ERMBT) and influenza antibody titer hemagglutinin inhibition assay (HIA) before and after receiving influenza vaccine. The mean age of the subjects was 31.9 years (S.D. 10.2). The change in ERMBT following influenza immunization was not significant (mean -4%, S.D. 17%, P=0.25). Influenza immunization does not significantly change CYP3A4 activity. Changes in serum drug concentrations noted previously after influenza immunization are either due to very small changes in CYP3A4 activity or other pharmacokinetic interactions.
|
['Adult', 'Breath Tests', 'Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A', 'Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System', 'Erythromycin', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Influenza Vaccines', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Mixed Function Oxygenases']
| 11,738,750
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.100'], ['D08.244.453.860.500', 'D08.811.682.662.582.353', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.495.500', 'D12.776.422.220.453.860.500'], ['D08.244.453', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170', 'D12.776.422.220.453'], ['D02.540.576.500.992'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D20.215.894.899.302'], ['A03.620'], ['D08.811.682.690.708']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Dual regulation of energy metabolism by p53 in human cervix and breast cancer cells.
|
The role of p53 as modulator of OxPhos and glycolysis was analyzed in HeLa-L (cells containing negligible p53 protein levels) and HeLa-H (p53-overexpressing) human cervix cancer cells under normoxia and hypoxia. In normoxia, functional p53, mitochondrial enzyme contents, mitochondrial electrical potential (ÄØm) and OxPhos flux increased in HeLa-H vs. HeLa-L cells; whereas their glycolytic enzyme contents and glycolysis flux were unchanged. OxPhos provided more than 70% of the cellular ATP and proliferation was abolished by anti-mitochondrial drugs in HeLa-H cells. In hypoxia, both cell proliferations were suppressed, but HeLa-H cells exhibited a significant decrease in OxPhos protein contents, ÄØm and OxPhos flux. Although glycolytic function was also diminished vs. HeLa-L cells in hypoxia, glycolysis provided more than 60% of cellular ATP in HeLa-H cells. The energy metabolism phenotype of HeLa-H cells was reverted to that of HeLa-L cells by incubating with pifithrin-á, a p53-inhibitor. In normoxia, the energy metabolism phenotype of breast cancer MCF-7 cells was similar to that of HeLa-H cells, whereas p53shRNAMCF-7 cells resembled the HeLa-L cell phenotype. In hypoxia, autophagy proteins and lysosomes contents increased 2-5 times in HeLa-H cells suggesting mitophagy activation. These results indicated that under normoxia p53 up-regulated OxPhos without affecting glycolysis, whereas under hypoxia, p53 down-regulated both OxPhos (severely) and glycolysis (weakly). These p53 effects appeared mediated by the formation of p53-HIF-1á complexes. Therefore, p53 exerts a dual and contrasting regulatory role on cancer energy metabolism, depending on the O₂level.
|
['Breast Neoplasms', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Hypoxia', 'Energy Metabolism', 'Female', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'MCF-7 Cells', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53', 'Uterine Cervical Neoplasms']
| 26,434,996
|
[['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['G03.197.300', 'G04.270.300'], ['G03.295'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.251.210.190.630'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845'], ['C04.588.945.418.948.850', 'C13.351.500.852.593.131', 'C13.351.500.852.762.850', 'C13.351.937.418.875.850']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Acute disorder of ventilation-perfusion of the lung caused by inhalative smoking of 20 cigarettes].
|
What are the acute bronchopulmonary reactions which occur in smokers when 20 cigarettes are smoked over 10 hours during the day after a 12-hour interruption of smoking at night? Nineteen healthy chronic smokers with normal lung function aged from 22 to 39 years were investigated. The inhalative smoking characteristics were documented by alterations (p < 0.0005) of nicotine, cotinine and COHb in the blood. In body plethysmography, the subjects investigated showed a fall (p < 0.0025) of the airway resistances by 0.51 (cm H2O/l/s), a decrease (p < 0.005) of the trapped air and a rise (p < 0.01) of the thoracic gas volume by 0.58 (1) and (p < 0.01) of the specific conductance by 0.04 (cm H2O x s)-1 after smoking. The frequency-dependent compliance (40 breaths per minute) did not show any change. As a result of smoking, there was a fall (p < 0.025) of the arterial partial pressure of oxygen by 3.1 (mmHg) and carbon dioxide (p < 0.025) by 1.0 (mmHg) in ergometric exercise (women 75 Watts, men 100 Watts) as well as of the partial pressure of CO2 (p < 0.05) by 0.9 (mmHg) at rest. At the same time, the alveolo-arterial CO2 difference increased (p < 0.025) by 2.5 (mmHg). The results are interpreted as acute ventilation perfusion disorders which are reversible in the nocturnal resting phase.
|
['Adult', 'Airway Resistance', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Smoking', 'Ventilation-Perfusion Ratio']
| 8,584,532
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.386.700.050', 'G09.772.060'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.805'], ['E01.370.386.700.650.900', 'G09.772.920']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Negative feedback mechanism suppresses interleukin-12 production by antigen-presenting cells interacting with T helper 2 cells.
|
Interleukin-12 (IL-12) has been shown to be produced by monocytes by the ligation of CD40. In the present experiments, IL-12 is shown to be produced by murine spleen antigen-presenting cells (APC) by interaction with T helper 1 (Th1) clones through CD40-CD40 ligand (CD40L) interaction, but not with Th2 clones. The IL-12 production induced by the Th1 clone interaction was inhibited by the addition of exogenous IL-10. Th2 clones were shown to produce a sufficient amount of IL-10 to inhibit the IL-12 production induced by Th1 clones. In the presence of anti-IL-10 monoclonal antibodies splenic APC interacting with Th2 clones produced IL-12. These results indicate that IL-10 produced by Th2 cells stimulated with antigen suppress IL-12 production of APC interacting with Th2 cells. IL-12 is composed of two subunits, p35 and p40. In our experiments, p40 mRNA accumulation was shown to be affected by IL-10 more severely than the accumulation of p35 mRNA, indicating that IL-10 regulates IL-12 production by APC mainly by affecting p40 mRNA accumulation.
|
['Animals', 'Antigen-Presenting Cells', 'Base Sequence', 'Cell Communication', 'Clone Cells', 'Down-Regulation', 'Feedback', 'Immune Tolerance', 'Interleukin-10', 'Interleukin-12', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Spleen', 'Th2 Cells']
| 8,605,930
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.066', 'A15.382.066'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G04.085'], ['A11.251.353'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['L01.906.394.211'], ['G12.535.425'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.510', 'D12.776.467.374.465.510', 'D23.529.374.465.510'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.512', 'D12.776.467.374.465.512', 'D23.529.374.465.512'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.400.905', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.400.905', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.400.905', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.400.750', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.400.750', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.400.750', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.400.905', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.400.905', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.400.905']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The ins and outs of metal homeostasis by the root nodule actinobacterium Frankia.
|
BACKGROUND: Frankia are actinobacteria that form a symbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with actinorhizal plants, and play a significant role in actinorhizal plant colonization of metal contaminated areas. Many Frankia strains are known to be resistant to several toxic metals and metalloids including Pb(2+), Al(+3), SeO2, Cu(2+), AsO4, and Zn(2+). With the availability of eight Frankia genome databases, comparative genomics approaches employing phylogeny, amino acid composition analysis, and synteny were used to identify metal homeostasis mechanisms in eight Frankia strains. Characterized genes from the literature and a meta-analysis of 18 heavy metal gene microarray studies were used for comparison.RESULTS: Unlike most bacteria, Frankia utilize all of the essential trace elements (Ni, Co, Cu, Se, Mo, B, Zn, Fe, and Mn) and have a comparatively high percentage of metalloproteins, particularly in the more metal resistant strains. Cation diffusion facilitators, being one of the few known metal resistance mechanisms found in the Frankia genomes, were strong candidates for general divalent metal resistance in all of the Frankia strains. Gene duplication and amino acid substitutions that enhanced the metal affinity of CopA and CopCD proteins may be responsible for the copper resistance found in some Frankia strains. CopA and a new potential metal transporter, DUF347, may be involved in the particularly high lead tolerance in Frankia. Selenite resistance involved an alternate sulfur importer (CysPUWA) that prevents sulfur starvation, and reductases to produce elemental selenium. The pattern of arsenate, but not arsenite, resistance was achieved by Frankia using the novel arsenite exporter (AqpS) previously identified in the nitrogen-fixing plant symbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti. Based on the presence of multiple tellurite resistance factors, a new metal resistance (tellurite) was identified and confirmed in Frankia.CONCLUSIONS: Each strain had a unique combination of metal import, binding, modification, and export genes that explain differences in patterns of metal resistance between strains. Frankia has achieved similar levels of metal and metalloid resistance as bacteria from highly metal-contaminated sites. From a bioremediation standpoint, it is important to understand mechanisms that allow the endosymbiont to survive and infect actinorhizal plants in metal contaminated soils.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphatases', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Frankia', 'Homeostasis', 'Metals', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Plant Roots', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid']
| 25,495,525
|
[['D08.811.277.040.025'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D12.776.097'], ['B03.510.024.325', 'B03.585.420'], ['G07.410'], ['D01.552'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['A18.400'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Protein kinase Cdelta activates RelA/p65 and nuclear factor-kappaB signaling in response to tumor necrosis factor-alpha.
|
Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) is tightly modulated by IkappaB kinases and IkappaBalpha in the cytoplasm. On stimulation, NF-kappaB translocates into the nucleus to initiate transcription; however, regulation of its transcriptional activity remains obscure. Here, we show that protein kinase C (PKC) delta controls the main subunit of NF-kappaB, RelA/p65. On exposure to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), the expression of RelA/p65 target genes such as IkappaBalpha, RelB, and p100/p52 is up-regulated in a PKCdelta-dependent manner. The results also show that PKCdelta is targeted to the nucleus and forms a complex with RelA/p65 following TNF-alpha exposure. Importantly, kinase activity of PKCdelta is required for RelA/p65 transactivation. In concert with these results, PKCdelta activates RelA/p65 for its occupancy to target-gene promoters, including IkappaBalpha and p100/p52. Moreover, functional analyses show that inhibition of PKCdelta is associated with substantial attenuation of NF-kappaB activity in response to TNF-alpha. These findings provide evidence that PKCdelta orchestrates RelA/p65 transactivation, a requisite for NF-kappaB signaling pathway in the nucleus.
|
['Active Transport, Cell Nucleus', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Chromatin Immunoprecipitation', 'Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay', 'Humans', 'Immunoblotting', 'In Situ Nick-End Labeling', 'Interleukin-6', 'NF-kappa B', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Kinase C-delta', 'Protein Transport', 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Signal Transduction', 'Transcription Factor RelA', 'Transcriptional Activation', 'Transfection', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 19,549,902
|
[['G03.143.310.100', 'G03.143.700.100'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['E05.393.170', 'E05.478.605.160'], ['E05.196.401.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.320', 'E05.601.470.320'], ['E05.393.475'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.725.400'], ['G03.143.700'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.776.260.600.249', 'D12.776.660.600.249', 'D12.776.930.600.249'], ['G05.308.800'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Oral administration of Lactobacillus acidophilus induces IL-12 production in spleen cell culture of BALB/c mice bearing transplanted breast tumour.
|
Lactic acid bacteria can affect the maturation of immune cells and their products not only in the gut but also on the systemic immune organs such as lymph nodes and spleen. In the present work, we studied the effects of oral administration of Lactobacillus acidophilus on the immune responses of BALB/c mice bearing transplanted breast tumour. Two groups of female inbred BALB/c mice, each containing nine mice as test and control, were used. The L. acidophilus ATCC4356 strain was inoculated in DeMan-Rogosa-Sharpe broth and cultivated for 24 h at 37 degrees C. Then, it was collected by centrifugation, and was washed and suspended in PBS. Afterwards, 0.5 ml/d of this suspension, which contained 2.7 x 108 colony forming units/ml of bacteria, was orally administered to the mice by gavage, 14 d before tumour transplantation and 30 d after that with 3-d intervals. Similar to the test mice, the control mice received an equal volume of PBS. The results showed that oral administration of L. acidophilus increased the production of IL-12 (P < 0.05) and decreased the level of transforming growth factor beta (P = 0.05) in the splenocyte culture. Moreover, the growth rate of tumour in the test mice decreased (P < 0.01), and the results of delayed-type hypersensitivity assay after 48 h were risen (P < 0.05) in comparison with the controls. Results suggest that daily consumption of L. acidophilus can improve the production of immunomodulatory cytokine IL-12 in the splenocyte culture, which was stimulated by tumour antigen in BALB/c mice bearing transplanted breast tumour. But further studies are needed to find out some other possible mechanisms of this effect.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Administration, Oral', 'Animals', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Interleukin-12', 'Lactobacillus acidophilus', 'Mammary Neoplasms, Animal', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Neoplasm Transplantation', 'Probiotics', 'Spleen']
| 20,193,099
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['E02.319.267.100'], ['B01.050'], ['G05.308'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.512', 'D12.776.467.374.465.512', 'D23.529.374.465.512'], ['B03.353.750.450.475.100', 'B03.510.460.400.410.475.475.100', 'B03.510.550.450.475.100'], ['C04.588.531', 'C22.520'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['E05.624'], ['G07.203.300.456.500', 'J02.500.456.500'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
H2S protects against methionine-induced oxidative stress in brain endothelial cells.
|
Homocysteine (Hcy) causes cerebrovascular dysfunction by inducing oxidative stress. However, to date, there are no strategies to prevent Hcy-induced oxidative damage. Hcy is an H2S precursor formed from methionine (Met) metabolism. We aimed to investigate whether H2S ameliorated Met-induced oxidative stress in mouse brain endothelial cells (bEnd3). The bEnd3 cells were exposed to Met treatment in the presence or absence of NaHS (donor of H2S). Met-induced cell toxicity increased the levels of free radicals in a concentration-dependent manner. Met increased NADPH-oxidase-4 (NOX-4) expression and mitigated thioredxion-1(Trx-1) expression. Pretreatment of bEnd3 with NaHS (0.05 mM) attenuated the production of free radicals in the presence of Met and protected the cells from oxidative damage. Furthermore, NaHS enhanced inhibitory effects of apocynin, N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), Nomega-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) on ROS production and redox enzymes levels induced by Met. In conclusion, the administration of H2S protected the cells from oxidative stress induced by hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), which suggested that NaHS/H2S may have therapeutic potential against Met-induced oxidative stress.
|
['Acetophenones', 'Acetylcysteine', 'Animals', 'Brain', 'Catalase', 'Cell Line, Transformed', 'Cell Survival', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Endothelial Cells', 'Formazans', 'Glutathione', 'Homocysteine', 'Hydrogen Sulfide', 'Methionine', 'Mice', 'Models, Biological', 'NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Superoxide Dismutase', 'Tetrazolium Salts', 'Time Factors']
| 18,837,652
|
[['D02.522.120'], ['D02.886.030.230.259', 'D12.125.166.230.259'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D08.811.682.732.332'], ['A11.251.210.172'], ['G04.346'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['A11.436.275'], ['D02.172.600'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['D02.886.030.498', 'D12.125.166.498'], ['D01.029.260.340', 'D01.362.350', 'D01.875.350'], ['D02.886.030.676', 'D12.125.142.557', 'D12.125.154.549', 'D12.125.166.676'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D12.125.068.050.525', 'D12.125.095.104.525'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['D08.811.682.881'], ['D03.383.129.617.700'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Reduced accuracy and sensitivity in the perception of emotional facial expressions in individuals with high autism spectrum traits.
|
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is among other things characterized by specific impairments in emotion processing. It is not clear, however, to what extent the typical decline in affective functioning is related to the specific autistic traits. We employed The Autism Spectrum-Quotient (AQ) to quantify autistic traits in a group of 500 healthy individuals and investigate whether we could detect similar difficulties in the perception of emotional expressions in a broader autistic phenotype. The group with high AQ score was less accurate and needed higher emotional content to recognize emotions of anger, disgust, and sadness. Our findings demonstrate a selective impairment in identification of emotional facial expressions in healthy individuals that is primarily related to the extent of autistic traits.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child Development Disorders, Pervasive', 'Emotions', 'Facial Expression', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pattern Recognition, Visual', 'Phenotype', 'Social Perception', 'Young Adult']
| 22,987,888
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F03.625.164'], ['F01.470'], ['E01.370.600.225', 'F01.145.209.530.385'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.593.524.500', 'F02.463.593.932.622'], ['G05.695'], ['F02.463.593.752'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Management and classification of first branchial cleft anomalies].
|
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to identify the different courses of first branchial cleft anomalies and to discuss the management and classification of these anomalies.METHOD: Twenty-four patients with first branchial cleft anomalies were reviewed. The courses of first branchial cleft anomalies and their corresponding managements were analyzed. Each case was classified according to Olsen's criteria and Works criteria.RESULT: According to Olsen's criteria, 3 types of first branchial cleft anomalies are identified: cysts (n = 4), sinuses (n = 13), and fistulas (n = 7). The internal opening was in the external auditory meatus in 16 cases. Two fistulas were parallel to the external auditory canal and the Eustachian tube, with the internal openings on the Eustachian tube. Fourteen cases had close relations to the parotid gland and dissection of the facial nerve had to be done in the operation. Temporary weakness of the mandibular branch of facial nerve occurred in 2 cases. Salivary fistula of the parotid gland occurred in one patient, which was managed by pressure dressing for two weeks. Canal stenosis occurred in one patient, who underwent canalplasty after three months. The presence of squamous epithelium was reported in all cases, adnexal skin structures in 6 cases, and cartilage in 14 cases. The specimens of the fistula which extended to the nasopharynx were reported as tracts lined with squamous epithelium (the external part) and ciliated columnar epithelium (the internal part). According to Work's criteria, 9 cases were classified as Type I lesions, 13 cases were classified as Type II lesions, and two special cases could not be classified. The average follow-up was 83 months (ranging from 12 to 152 months). No recurrence was found.CONCLUSION: First branchial cleft anomalies have high variability in the courses. If a patient is suspected to have first branchial anomalies, the external auditory canal must be examined for the internal opening. CT should be done to understand the extension of the lesion. For cases without internal openings in the external auditory canal, CT fistulography should be done to demonstrate the courses, followed by corresponding treatment. Two special cases might be classified as a new type of lesions.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Branchial Region', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Craniofacial Abnormalities', 'Female', 'Head and Neck Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pharyngeal Diseases', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Young Adult']
| 24,073,574
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A16.142'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C05.660.207', 'C16.131.621.207'], ['C04.588.443'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C07.550', 'C09.775'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Changes in FiO2 affect PaO2 with minor alterations in cerebral concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin during liquid ventilation in healthy piglets.
|
OBJECTIVE: To measure the impact of changes in the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) on systemic and cerebral oxygen supply in gas and liquid ventilated healthy animals.DESIGN: Interventional prospective animal study.SETTING: University research laboratory.PARTICIPANTS: Ten healthy, new-born piglets.INTERVENTIONS: Variations in FiO2 during conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) followed by partial liquid ventilation (PLV) with two different filling volumes of PF 5080 (10 vs. 30 ml/kg).MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Arterial blood gases were obtained 15 min after changing FiO2 and concentrations of cerebral oxygenated and total hemoglobin were determined with near infrared spectroscopy. During CMV an increase in FiO2 1.0 was associated with a constant rise in PaO2 but only a small increase in the cerebral concentration of oxygenated Hb. Initiation of PLV (at FiO2 of 1.0) caused a rapid drop in PaO2 towards values that were similar to CMV at FiO2 of 0.5. At FiO2 of 0.5 a reduction in oxygenated Hb was found in the 30 ml/kg filling group. Complete filling of the lungs with PFC caused a significant drop in total cerebral Hb concentration. CONCLUSIONS. According to our data, PLV in healthy lungs should be performed with a FiO2 of 1.0 and a small filling volume to avoid deterioration in cerebral oxygen supply.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Blood Gas Analysis', 'Brain', 'Fluorocarbons', 'Liquid Ventilation', 'Oxyhemoglobins', 'Prospective Studies', 'Pulmonary Gas Exchange', 'Random Allocation', 'Swine']
| 14,722,641
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.100', 'E01.370.386.700.100', 'E05.200.124.100.100'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D02.455.526.510.435'], ['E02.041.625.525', 'E02.880.820.525'], ['D12.776.124.400.707', 'D12.776.422.316.762.687'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E01.370.386.700.650', 'G03.143.775.602', 'G09.772.705.760.602'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Tetrahydrobiopterin depletion and NOS2 uncoupling contribute to heart failure-induced alterations in atrial electrophysiology.
|
AIMS: Heart failure is a common antecedent to atrial fibrillation; both heart failure and atrial fibrillation are associated with increased myocardial oxidative stress. Chronic canine heart failure reduces atrial action potential duration and atrial refractoriness. We hypothesized that inducible nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) contributes to atrial oxidative stress and electrophysiologic alterations.METHODS AND RESULTS: A 16-week canine tachypacing model of heart failure was used (n= 21). At 10 weeks, dogs were randomized to either placebo (n = 12) or active treatment (n = 9) with NOS cofactor, tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4), 50 mg), and NOS substrate (L-arginine, 3 g) twice daily for 6 weeks. A group of matched controls (n = 7) was used for comparison. Heart failure increased atrial NOS2 and reduced atrial BH(4), while L-arginine was unchanged. Treatment reduced inducible atrial fibrillation and normalized the heart failure-induced shortening of the left atrial myocyte action potential duration. Treatment increased atrial [BH(4)] while [L-arginine] was unchanged. Treatment did not improve left ventricular function or dimensions. Heart failure-induced reductions in atrial [BH(4)] resulted in NOS uncoupling, as measured by NO and superoxide anion (O(2)(·-)) production, while BH(4) and L-arginine treatment normalized NO and O(2)(·-). Heart failure resulted in left atrial oxidative stress, which was attenuated by BH(4) and L-arginine treatment.CONCLUSION: Chronic non-ischaemic heart failure results in atrial oxidative stress and electrophysiologic abnormalities by depletion of BH(4) and uncoupling of NOS2. Modulation of NOS2 activity by repletion of BH(4) may be a safe and effective approach to reduce the frequency of atrial arrhythmias during heart failure.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Animals', 'Arginine', 'Atrial Fibrillation', 'Atrial Function, Left', 'Biopterin', 'Cardiac Pacing, Artificial', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Dogs', 'Female', 'Heart Atria', 'Heart Failure', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Myocardium', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Patch-Clamp Techniques', 'Superoxides', 'Up-Regulation', 'Ventricular Function, Left']
| 21,460,065
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.125.068.050', 'D12.125.095.104', 'D12.125.142.087'], ['C14.280.067.198', 'C23.550.073.198'], ['G09.330.040.100'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.202', 'D08.211.090'], ['E02.331.200'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['A07.541.358'], ['C14.280.434'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772.500', 'D12.776.157.687.575', 'D12.776.660.720.575'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['E05.200.500.905', 'E05.242.800'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.850', 'D01.339.431.374.850', 'D01.650.550.750.800', 'D02.389.338.732'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998'], ['G09.330.955.800']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Remote vs. conventional navigation for catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: insights from prospective registry data.
|
BACKGROUND: Robotic (RNS) or magnetic navigation systems (MNS) are available for remotely performed catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF).OBJECTIVE: The present study compares remotely assisted catheter navigation (RAN) to standard manual navigation (SMN) and both systems amongst each other.METHODS: The analysis is based on a sub-cohort enrolled by five hospitals from the multicenter German ablation Registry.RESULTS: Out of 2442 patients receiving catheter ablation of AF, 267 (age 61.4 ± 10.4, 69.7% male) were treated using RAN (RNS n = 187, 7.7% vs. MNS n = 80, 3.3%). Fluoroscopy time [RNS median 17 (IQR 12-25) min vs. MNS 22 (16-32) min; p < 0.001] and procedure duration [RNS 180 (145-220) min vs. MNS 265 (210-305) min; p < 0.001] were significantly different. Comparing RAN (11%) to SMN (89%) fluoroscopy time (RAN 19 (13-27) min, vs. SMN 25 (16-40) min; p < 0.001), energy delivery (RAN 3168 (2280-3840) s vs. SMN 2640 (IQR 1799-3900) s; p = 0.008) and procedure duration [RAN 195 (150-255) min vs. SMN 150 (120-150) min; p = 0.001] differed significantly. In terms of acute and 12 months outcome, no differences were seen between the two systems or in comparison to SMN.CONCLUSION: AF ablation can be performed safely, with high acute success rates using RAN. RNS results in less fluoroscopy burden and shorter procedure durations. Compared to SMN, a reduced fluoroscopy burden, prolonged procedure and ablation duration were observed using RAN. Overall, the number of RAN procedures is small suggesting low impact on clinical routine of AF ablation.
|
['Atrial Fibrillation', 'Catheter Ablation', 'Equipment Design', 'Female', 'Fluoroscopy', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Heart Conduction System', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Registries', 'Robotics', 'Surgery, Computer-Assisted', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 30,159,751
|
[['C14.280.067.198', 'C23.550.073.198'], ['E02.808.750.500', 'E04.014.760.500'], ['E05.320'], ['E01.370.350.700.225'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['A07.541.409'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['H01.671.293.643', 'J01.897.104.834', 'L01.224.050.375.630'], ['E04.749'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Race as a Predictor of Palliative Care Referral Time, Hospice Utilization, and Hospital Length of Stay: A Retrospective Noncomparative Analysis.
|
BACKGROUND: Palliative care is associated with significant benefits, including reduced pain and suffering, an increased likelihood of patients dying in their preferred location, and decreased health-care expenditures. Racial and ethnic disparities are well-documented in hospice use and referral patterns; however, it is unclear whether these disparities apply to inpatient palliative care services.OBJECTIVE: To determine if race is a significant predictor of time to inpatient palliative care consult, patient enrollment in hospice, and patients' overall hospital length of stay among patients of an inpatient palliative care service.DESIGN: Retrospective noncomparative analysis.SETTING: Urban academic medical center in the United States.PATIENTS: 3207 patients referred to an inpatient palliative care service between March 2006 and April 2015.MEASUREMENTS: Time to palliative care consult, disposition of hospice/not hospice (excluding patients who died), and hospital length of stay among patients by racial (Asian, black, Native American/Eskimo, Hispanic, white, Unknown) and ethnic (Hispanic/Latino, non-Hispanic, Unknown) background.RESULTS: Race was not a significant predictor of time to inpatient palliative care consult, discharge to hospice, or hospital length of stay. Similarly, black/white, Hispanic/white, and Asian/white variables were not significant predictors of hospice enrollment ( Ps > .05).LIMITATIONS: Study was conducted at 1 urban academic medical center, limiting generalizability; hospital race and ethnicity categorizations may also limit interpretation of results.CONCLUSIONS: In this urban hospital, race was not a predictor of time to inpatient palliative care service consult, discharge to hospice, or hospital length of stay. Confirmatory studies of inpatient palliative care services in other institutions are needed.
|
['Academic Medical Centers', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Continental Population Groups', 'Female', 'Hospice Care', 'Humans', 'Inpatients', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Palliative Care', 'Referral and Consultation', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Time Factors', 'United States', 'Urban Population', 'Young Adult']
| 28,056,514
|
[['N02.278.020'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['M01.686.508'], ['E02.760.905.400', 'N02.421.585.905.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.643.470'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.666', 'N02.421.585.666'], ['N04.452.758.849'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['G01.910.857'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['N01.600.900'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
In vitro transformation of rat bladder epithelium by 2-amino-4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)thiazole.
|
To establish a rat urinary bladder carcinogenesis model in vitro, primary rat bladder epithelial cells were grown in media containing 2-amino-4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)thiazole (ANFT), the water-soluble metabolite of N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]-formamide (FANFT), for 4 weeks followed by long-term (4-7 months) exposure to control medium, sodium saccharin (NaS), or urea. Another set of cultures were exposed to ANFT, NaS and urea simultaneously. Several phenotypic changes were observed in the chemically exposed cell cultures, namely differences in cell morphology, increased growth rate and the ability to grow on plastic instead of rat-tail collagen support. All of the chemically exposed cultures were anchorage independent except one of those treated with NaS. The ANFT-treated cells followed by control medium or urea and cells treated with ANFT, NaS and urea were tumorigenic when transplanted to nude mice, whereas NaS or ANFT followed by NaS treatment were not. The tumors were carcinomas and their epithelial differentiation was verified by strong positive staining for cytokeratin. These studies demonstrate the urothelial transforming capability of ANFT in cell culture without the necessity for a long exposure to a secondary chemical.
|
['Animals', 'Carcinogens', 'Cell Transformation, Neoplastic', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Drug Synergism', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Epithelium', 'FANFT', 'Female', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Mice, Nude', 'Neoplasm Transplantation', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred F344', 'Saccharin', 'Urea', 'Urinary Bladder', 'Urinary Bladder Neoplasms']
| 2,009,588
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.888.569.100'], ['C04.697.098.500', 'C23.550.727.098.500'], ['A11.251'], ['G07.690.773.968.477'], ['A11.436'], ['A10.272'], ['D02.640.600.290', 'D02.886.675.250', 'D03.383.129.708.250', 'D03.383.312.649.290'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['E05.624'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.200', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.200'], ['D02.886.675.687', 'D03.383.129.708.089.708', 'D03.633.100.185.708'], ['D02.065.950'], ['A05.810.890'], ['C04.588.945.947.960', 'C12.758.820.968', 'C12.777.829.813', 'C13.351.937.820.945', 'C13.351.968.829.707']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Leflunomide, a novel immunosuppressive agent. The mechanism of inhibition of T cell proliferation.
|
Leflunomide is a novel immunomodulating drug that has recently been demonstrated to prevent acute rejection and reverse ongoing rejection of kidney and cardiac allografts in rats. In vitro studies here demonstrate that leflunomide suppresses proliferation of human PBL stimulated with (1) allogeneic PBL in a one-way MLR (50% inhibition with 50-25 microM); (2) anti-CD3 mABs plus PMA (50% inhibition with 70 microM leflunomide); and (3) anti-CD28 mABs plus PMA (50% inhibition with 65 microM leflunomide). In contrast, CsA only inhibited T cell proliferation stimulated by anti-CD3 plus PMA. Leflunomide partially inhibited IL-2 production of T cells stimulated with anti-CD3 plus PMA or anti-CD28 plus PMA, whereas CsA completely inhibited IL-2 production by T cells stimulated by the CD3 pathway and only partially inhibited IL-2 production by T cells stimulated by the CD28 pathway. Because comparable levels of IL-2 were produced by CD28-stimulated T cells treated with either CsA or leflunomide, but no inhibition of proliferation was observed in the CsA-treated cultures, we hypothesized that the lowering of IL-2 levels was not the mechanism by which leflunomide inhibited T cell proliferation. This hypothesis was supported by the observations that exogenous IL-2 failed to restore the T cell proliferation in the presence of leflunomide. Loss of T cell responsiveness to IL-2 in the presence of leflunomide was not due loss of expression of IL-2 receptors. Collectively, our data suggest that inhibition of T cell proliferation by leflunomide occurs via inhibition of responsiveness to IL-2.
|
['Antigens, CD', 'Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte', 'CD28 Antigens', 'CD3 Complex', 'Cyclosporine', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Interleukin-2', 'Isoxazoles', 'Leflunomide', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed', 'Receptors, Interleukin-2', 'Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate']
| 8,390,735
|
[['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['D23.050.301.264.894', 'D23.101.100.894'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.222.500', 'D23.050.301.264.894.128', 'D23.101.100.894.128'], ['D23.050.301.264.894.095', 'D23.101.100.894.095'], ['D04.345.566.235.300', 'D12.644.641.235.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['E05.481'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.021', 'D12.644.276.374.480.372', 'D12.776.467.374.465.021', 'D12.776.467.374.480.372', 'D23.529.374.465.155', 'D23.529.374.480.372'], ['D03.383.129.385'], ['D03.383.129.385.475'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['E01.370.225.812.385.475', 'E05.200.812.385.475', 'E05.478.594.385.429'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.420.320'], ['D02.455.849.291.500.510.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Co-expression network analysis and genetic algorithms for gene prioritization in preeclampsia.
|
BACKGROUND: In this study, we explored the gene prioritization in preeclampsia, combining co-expression network analysis and genetic algorithms optimization approaches. We analysed five public projects obtaining 1,146 significant genes after cross-platform and processing of 81 and 149 microarrays in preeclamptic and normal conditions, respectively.METHODS: After co-expression network construction, modular and node analysis were performed using several approaches. Moreover, genetic algorithms were also applied in combination with the nearest neighbour and discriminant analysis classification methods.RESULTS: Significant differences were found in the genes connectivity distribution, both in normal and preeclampsia conditions pointing to the need and importance of examining connectivity alongside expression for prioritization. We discuss the global as well as intra-modular connectivity for hubs detection and also the utility of genetic algorithms in combination with the network information. FLT1, LEP, INHA and ENG genes were identified according to the literature, however, we also found other genes as FLNB, INHBA, NDRG1 and LYN highly significant but underexplored during normal pregnancy or preeclampsia.CONCLUSIONS: Weighted genes co-expression network analysis reveals a similar distribution along the modules detected both in normal and preeclampsia conditions. However, major differences were obtained by analysing the nodes connectivity. All models obtained by genetic algorithm procedures were consistent with a correct classification, higher than 90%, restricting to 30 variables in both classification methods applied.Combining the two methods we identified well known genes related to preeclampsia, but also lead us to propose new candidates poorly explored or completely unknown in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia, which may have to be validated experimentally.
|
['Algorithms', 'Computational Biology', 'Female', 'Gene Regulatory Networks', 'Humans', 'Pre-Eclampsia', 'Pregnancy', 'Transcriptome']
| 24,219,996
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['G05.360.080.689.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C13.703.395.249'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G02.111.873.750', 'G05.297.700.750', 'G05.360.920']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Two cases of inflammatory skin metastasis from transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.
|
Two rare cases of inflammatory skin metastasis from transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder were reported.
|
['Aged', 'Carcinoma, Transitional Cell', 'Dermatitis', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Skin Neoplasms', 'Urinary Bladder Neoplasms']
| 7,801,416
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.430'], ['C17.800.174'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882'], ['C04.588.945.947.960', 'C12.758.820.968', 'C12.777.829.813', 'C13.351.937.820.945', 'C13.351.968.829.707']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
In situ atomic force microscopy analysis of morphology and particle size changes in lithium iron phosphate cathode during discharge.
|
Li-ion batteries offer great promise for future plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and pure electric vehicles (EVs). One of the challenges is to improve the cycle life of Li-ion batteries which requires detailed understanding of the aging phenomenon. In situ techniques are especially valuable to understand aging since it allows monitoring the physical and chemical changes in real time. In this study, in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) is utilized to study the changes in morphology and particle size of LiFePO4 cathode during discharge. The guidelines for in situ AFM cell design for accurate and reliable measurements based on different designs are presented. The effect of working electrode to counter electrode surface area ratio on cycling data of an in situ cell is also discussed. Analysis of the surface area change in LiFePO4 particles when the cell was cycled between 100% and 70% state of charge is presented. Among four particles analyzed, surface area increase of particles during Li intercalation of LiFePO4 spanned from 1.8% to 14.3% indicating the inhomogeneous nature of the cathode surface.
|
['Electric Power Supplies', 'Electrodes', 'Equipment Design', 'Iron', 'Lithium', 'Microscopy, Atomic Force', 'Particle Size', 'Phosphates']
| 24,703,680
|
[['E07.305.124'], ['E07.305.250'], ['E05.320'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['D01.268.549.450', 'D01.268.557.290', 'D01.552.528.480', 'D01.552.547.290'], ['E01.370.350.515.666.400', 'E05.595.666.400'], ['G02.712'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374', 'D01.248.497.158.730', 'D01.695.625.675.650']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Preliminary crystallographic studies of the amino terminal half of human lactoferrin in its iron-saturated and iron-free forms.
|
The amino terminal half of human lactoferrin (LfN) produced from transfected baby hamster kidney cells has been crystallized in its iron-saturated and iron-free forms. The crystals of glycosylated LfN and deglycosylated LfN are monoclinic, space group C2, with cell dimensions a = 133.0 A, b = 58.3 A, c = 58.3 A, alpha = 90.0 degrees, beta = 114.7 degrees, gamma = 90.0 degrees, and one molecule per asymmetric unit. Crystals of apo LfN have also been prepared using deglycosylated protein. These crystals are tetragonal, space group P4(1)2(1)2 (or P4(3)2(1)2), with cell dimensions of a = b = 58.4 A and c = 217.2 A and one molecule per asymmetric unit. Both the iron-saturated and the iron-free crystals are suitable for high resolution X-ray analysis.
|
['Apoproteins', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Crystallization', 'Humans', 'Iron', 'Lactoferrin', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Transfection', 'X-Ray Diffraction']
| 1,469,729
|
[['D12.776.070'], ['A11.251'], ['E05.196.300', 'G02.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.471', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.471', 'D12.776.157.427.750.249', 'D12.776.256.159.750.816.500.507', 'D12.776.377.457.507', 'D12.776.395.507', 'D12.776.556.579.750.249'], ['D12.644.541'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['E05.196.309.742', 'E05.196.822.950', 'G01.867.950', 'G02.965']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Phase I clinical investigation of 7-con-O-methylnogaril, a new anthracycline antibiotic.
|
7-con-O-Methylnogaril (menogaril, NSC-269148) is a new anthracycline antibiotic that has been evaluated in a Phase I clinical trial. The drug was administered in a single i.v. infusion over a period of 60 min given every 3 weeks. Twenty-four patients received 64 courses of the drug in a dose range of 16 to 256 mg/m2. Granulocytopenia was dose limiting and prolonged, requiring treatment delay in 5 of 9 patients treated at doses greater than or equal to 192 mg/m2. Concentration dependent phlebitis occurred in 12 patients, and was of minimal severity when the menogaril concentration was less than 1 mg/ml. Hair loss was experienced by 8 patients but was generally mild with only one patient developing total alopecia. Possible acute cardiac toxicity was noted in one patient who had a transient episode of atrial fibrillation following his fifth course of menogaril. Phase II studies of 7-con-O-methylnogaril are planned at a starting dose of 160 mg/m2 for patients with prior chemotherapy or radiotherapy, and 200 mg/m2 for those without prior therapy given at 28-day intervals.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Daunorubicin', 'Doxorubicin', 'Drug Evaluation', 'Hematopoiesis', 'Humans', 'Leukocyte Count', 'Menogaril', 'Neutrophils', 'Nogalamycin']
| 2,938,729
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200', 'D04.615.562.050.200', 'D09.408.051.059.200'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200.175', 'D04.615.562.050.200.175', 'D09.408.051.059.200.175'], ['E05.290.625', 'E05.337.425'], ['G04.152.825', 'G09.188.343'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595', 'E05.200.625.107.595', 'E05.242.195.107.595', 'G04.140.107.595', 'G09.188.105.595'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200.650.500', 'D04.615.562.050.200.650.500', 'D09.408.051.059.200.650.500'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200.650', 'D04.615.562.050.200.650', 'D09.408.051.059.200.650']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
High-resolution powder diffraction study of purple membrane with a large Guinier-type camera.
|
X-ray diffraction patterns from a film of oriented purple membranes, which comprise two-dimensional crystals of bacteriorhodopsin (BR) trimers, were recorded with a 1 m-pathlength Guinier-type camera at SPring-8 BL40B2. A well focused X-ray beam and a camera with a high angular resolution of 0.024 degrees enabled a powder diffraction profile with very sharp and well separated peaks to be obtained up to a resolution of 2.3 A. Using integrated diffraction intensities up to a Bragg spacing of 4.2 A, a cluster of bulky amino acid residues and the head group of the BR chromophore are apparent in the electron density map projected along the membrane normal. Thus, a combination of synchrotron X-rays and large Guinier camera can be used for analyzing the conformational changes of BR in the intact state. In addition, the method might be extended to the structural analysis of film materials composed of two-dimensional arrays of nanoparticles.
|
['Equipment Design', 'Equipment Failure Analysis', 'Halobacterium salinarum', 'Image Enhancement', 'Powder Diffraction', 'Purple Membrane', 'Transducers', 'Ultrasonography']
| 16,645,256
|
[['E05.320'], ['E05.325.192'], ['B02.200.400.400.410.450'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['E05.196.309.711'], ['A11.284.149.648', 'A20.871'], ['E07.305.812'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The antimicrobial activity of garlic and onion extracts.
|
Aqueous extracts of garlic (Allium sativum) and onion (Allium cepa) were tested for activity against Gram-positive organisms, Gram-negative organisms and fungi. A significant growth inhibition was shown by most of the organisms, tested at random. A quantitative assessment of the activity was carried out by determining the minimum bacteriostatic and bactericidal concentrations of the extracts against Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms. Garlic extract showed greater activity as compared to the extract of onion. The activity of the garlic extract on the mouth flora of volunteers was then investigated. A mouth wash containing 10% garlic in quarter Ringer solution produced a drastic reduction in the number of oral bacteria.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bacteria', 'Garlic', 'Gram-Negative Bacteria', 'Gram-Positive Bacteria', 'Humans', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Mouth', 'Plant Extracts', 'Plants, Medicinal']
| 6,669,596
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['B03'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.618.100.050.060.300'], ['B03.440'], ['B03.510'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['A01.456.505.631', 'A03.556.500', 'A14.549'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['B01.650.560']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Glucocorticoid receptor mediates the effect of progesterone on uterine natural killer cells.
|
PROBLEM: Uterine natural killer cells (uNK) do not express progesterone receptor, but express glucocorticoid receptor (GR). So, we speculate that progesterone may regulate uNK cells through a GR-mediated process.METHOD OF STUDY: After mouse NK cells were stimulated with CpG with or without IL-12 in the presence or absence pre-treatment of progesterone, the effects of progesterone on NK via GR were investigated by using RU486 (progesterone receptor and GR antagonist) and CDB-2914 (progesterone receptor antagonist). The expressions of CD69 and IFN-ã were determined by flow cytometry and qPCR. Phosphorylation of IêB and STAT4 was determined by Western blot. Furthermore, we purified uNK cells from human decidual tissues using anti-CD56 microbeads to verify the effect of progesterone on uNK via GR.RESULTS: Progesterone suppressed CD69 and IFN-ã expression of mouse spleen NK cells and human uNK cells induced by CpG combined with IL-12. CDB-2914 had no effect on IFN-ã expression suppressed by progesterone, while RU486 could abolish the inhibitory effect of progesterone. In addition, progesterone could decrease the phosphorylation of both STAT4 and IêB.CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, we first prove that progesterone can regulate NK cells via GR. It is valuable for further understanding the role of uNK in progesterone regulated gestation process.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'CpG Islands', 'Decidua', 'Female', 'Hormone Antagonists', 'Humans', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Interleukin-12', 'Killer Cells, Natural', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mifepristone', 'NF-kappa B', 'Norpregnadienes', 'Pregnancy', 'Progesterone', 'Progestins', 'Receptors, Glucocorticoid', 'Receptors, Progesterone', 'STAT4 Transcription Factor', 'Spleen']
| 22,380,541
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['G02.111.570.080.380.160', 'G05.360.080.380.160', 'G05.360.340.024.159'], ['A05.360.319.679.490.373', 'A16.710.289'], ['D06.347', 'D27.505.696.399.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.512', 'D12.776.467.374.465.512', 'D23.529.374.465.512'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.537', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.537', 'A15.382.490.555.567.537'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.580'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['D04.210.500.668.651.443'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.858'], ['D12.776.826.750.430'], ['D12.776.826.750.765'], ['D12.644.360.024.342.400', 'D12.776.157.057.186.400', 'D12.776.476.024.430.400', 'D12.776.930.840.400'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Is male fertility associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus?
|
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of infertility in Qatari men with Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and to examine the association between T2DM and infertility.DESIGN: This is a cross-sectional study.SETTING: The survey was conducted at Primary Health Care Centers during a period from January 2008 to June 2008.SUBJECTS: The selected subjects for the study were Qatari men aged 25-60 years who were married for more than 1 year. A total of 1,165 men were approached and only 857 men gave consent, giving a response rate of 73.6%.METHODS: Face-to-face interviews were based on a questionnaire that included variables on socio-demographic characteristics, type of infertility in men, life style habits, type of environmental exposures, and common diseases found among infertile men. All studied men were recruited using cluster random sampling at 13 randomly selected primary health care centers at the Hamad Medical Corporation.RESULTS: The prevalence of infertility in Qatari T2DM men was 35.1%. The prevalence of primary infertility (16%) and secondary infertility (19.1%) was significantly higher in diabetic men (P = 0.003) as compared to non-diabetic men. Also, secondary infertility was higher than primary infertility in our studied Qatari diabetic men. Half of the diabetic infertile men were overweight (50.6%) and 29.1% of them were obese. The smoking habit was more common in diabetic infertile men (45.6%) than in diabetic fertile men (33.6%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that age (P < 0.001), smoking habits (ex-smokers, P = 0.003 and current smokers, P = 0.001) and obesity (P < 0.001) were the significant major contributors for infertility in diabetic men. Obesity was the leading contributor for the infertility. Other co-morbid factors associated with infertility in diabetic men were hypertension, erectile dysfunction, and varicocele.CONCLUSION: The present study findings revealed that there is a strong association between male infertility and Diabetes Mellitus. In Qatari diabetic men, male infertility is high and a significant public health problem in Qatar. The study results confirmed a strong association between T2DM and infertility in Qatari men.
|
['Adult', 'Age Distribution', 'Blood Glucose', 'Causality', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Comorbidity', 'Confidence Intervals', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Developing Countries', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Humans', 'Infertility, Male', 'Life Style', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Odds Ratio', 'Prevalence', 'Prognosis', 'Qatar', 'Risk Assessment', 'Smoking', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Statistics, Nonparametric']
| 19,381,857
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['N05.715.350.200', 'N06.850.490.625'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['E05.318.740.275', 'N05.715.360.750.220', 'N06.850.520.830.275'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['I01.615.500.300'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.294.365.700'], ['F01.829.458'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E01.789'], ['Z01.252.245.500.690'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['F01.145.805'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Effects of fasting and refeeding on jejunal morphology and cellular activity in rats in relation to depletion of body stores.
|
BACKGROUND: Intestinal mucosa atrophy following a period of starvation characterized by the mobilization of fat stores for energy expenditure (phase II) worsen after a long fast marked by an increase in protein catabolism (phase III). However, the morphology of the jejunum is completely restored after 3 days of refeeding. The aim of this study was to determine the mechanisms involved in the rapid jejunal restoration following the critical phase III.METHODS: Jejunal structure was observed through conventional and environmental scanning electron microscopy, whilst cellular dynamics were studied using classical optic microscopy tools and immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Mucosal structural atrophy during fasting proved to worsen over the two phases. During phase II, apoptosis is still present at the tip of the villi, the number of mitosis in crypts showed a 30% decrease and a transient drop in cell migration is observed. During phase III, however, an 85% rise in mitosis was noticed along with an increase in cell migration and the disappearance of apoptotic cells at the villus tips. This increased cell renewal continues after food ingestion.CONCLUSIONS: Starved rats appeared to be in a phase of energy sparing in phase II, with depressed cellular events in the intestinal mucosa. In phase III, however, the preservation of functional cells and the early increase in crypt cell proliferation should prepare the mucosa to refeeding and could explain why jejunal repairs are complete after 3 days of refeeding following either phase II or phase III.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Movement', 'Eating', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Fasting', 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'Jejunum', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Recovery of Function', 'Time Factors']
| 15,223,676
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G07.203.650.283', 'G10.261.330'], ['A11.436'], ['F01.145.407.400', 'G07.203.650.240.587', 'G07.203.650.353.400'], ['A03.556.124.369', 'A10.615.550.444'], ['A03.556.124.684.500', 'A03.556.249.750'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['G16.757'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Income inequality and risk of suicide in New York City neighborhoods: a multilevel case-control study.
|
Evidence on the relationship between income inequality and suicide is inconsistent. Data from the New York City Office of the Chief Medical Examiner for all fatal injuries was collected to conduct a multilevel case-control study. In multilevel models, suicide decedents (n=374) were more likely than accident controls (n=453) to reside in neighborhoods with greater income inequality even after controlling for individual characteristics; this relation was modified by age with an effect overall and among decedents aged 15-34 but not among decedents 35-64. These data suggest that income inequality may contribute to the risk of suicide in younger adults.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Demography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Income', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'New York City', 'Residence Characteristics', 'Risk Factors', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Suicide, Attempted']
| 16,178,697
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['I01.240', 'N01.224', 'N06.850.505.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N01.824.417'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.530.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530.530', 'Z01.433.741'], ['N01.224.791', 'N06.850.505.400.800'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['F01.145.126.980.875.600', 'I01.880.735.856.600']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Design, synthesis and evaluation of a series of novel fumagillin analogues.
|
A series of fumagillin analogues targeted at understanding tolerability of MetAP2 toward substitution at C4 and C6 were synthesized. Initially, the C6 side chain was maintained as cinnamoyl ester and C4 was modified. It was concluded that replacing the natural C4 of fumagillin with a benzyl oxime at C4 resulted in moderate loss of activity toward binding to MetAP2. Placement of a primary or secondary carbamate at C6 did not improve the potency of compounds toward inhibition of MetAP2. However, the inhibitory activity against MetAP2 was gained back by placing polar groups such as piperazinyl carbamate at C6. Small alkyl substituents on the amine of piperazinyl carbamate were well tolerated.
|
['Angiogenesis Inhibitors', 'Cyclohexanes', 'Drug Design', 'Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Fatty Acids, Unsaturated', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Sesquiterpenes', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 14,604,668
|
[['D27.505.696.377.077.099', 'D27.505.696.377.450.100', 'D27.505.954.248.025'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.367'], ['E05.290.500', 'H01.158.703.007.338.500', 'H01.181.466.338.500'], ['E05.290.750', 'E05.337.550'], ['D10.251.355'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['D02.455.849.765'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Patients' beliefs about the causes, persistence and control of psychotic experiences predict take-up of effective cognitive behaviour therapy for psychosis.
|
BACKGROUND: There is evidence that patients with schizophrenia benefit from standard cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) only if active techniques are used ('full therapy'). By contrast, attending sessions but not proceeding beyond engagement and assessment strategies ('partial therapy'), or simply not attending sessions ('no therapy'), is not associated with better outcomes. The factors leading to full therapy are unknown. We hypothesized that patients' initial ideas about the nature and extent of their problems would predict use of CBT. A match between patients' views of their problems and the principles underlying treatment would lead to better outcomes.METHOD: Ninety-two patients with a recent relapse of psychosis completed the Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ) before receiving CBT. We examined whether their illness perceptions predicted the take-up of therapy.RESULTS: Patients who did not attend sessions believed their problems would not last as long as those who attended them. Those who attended sessions but did not proceed to full therapy had a lower sense of control over their problems and a more biological view of their causes. Patients who took up full therapy were more likely to attribute the cause of their problems to their personality and state of mind. The take-up of therapy was predicted neither by levels of psychiatric symptoms nor by insight.CONCLUSIONS: People with psychosis who have psychologically orientated views of their problems, including the potential to gain control over them, may be more likely to engage fully and do well with standard CBT for psychosis, irrespective of the severity of their problems.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Attitude to Health', 'Cognitive Behavioral Therapy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Psychotic Disorders', 'Schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenic Psychology', 'Secondary Prevention', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Young Adult']
| 22,781,166
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['F04.754.137.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['F01.100.150.750.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['F03.700.675'], ['F03.700.750'], ['F04.824'], ['E02.897', 'N02.421.726.825', 'N06.850.780.750'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Establishment of rat pancreatic endocrine cell lines by infection with simian virus 40.
|
The feasibility of infection and transformation by SV40 (simian virus 40) of primary cell cultures derived from newborn-rat pancreas was investigated. As judged by the presence of intranuclear SV40 T-antigen, exposure to the virus resulted specifically in infection and transformation of epithelioid (predominantly endocrine) cells. The transformed cells were subcultured (more than 64 passages) and cloned. Culture medium and acid/ethanol extracts of the cells did not contain detectable amounts of immunoreactive insulin after the third subculture. However, inoculation of such SV40-transformed pancreatic cells into immunodeficient rats results in tumours in which insulin production was partially restored through the passage in vivo, since the tumour cells contained and synthesized small amounts of immunoreactive insulin which co-migrated with an insulin marker on gel chromatography. Interestingly, the transformed cells maintained under tissue-culture conditions produced a protein immunologically related to insulin, soluble in aqueous buffer but insoluble in acid/ethanol. This 3000-dalton protein is too large to be a translation product of the rat preproinsulin 9S mRNA. SV40-transformed pancreatic cells might prove useful in the investigation of the factors controlling and maintaining insulin biosynthesis.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Transformation, Neoplastic', 'Cell Transformation, Viral', 'Clone Cells', 'Insulin', 'Islets of Langerhans', 'Peptide Biosynthesis', 'Rats', 'Simian virus 40']
| 222,255
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Characterization of an extracellular serine protease gene from the nematophagous fungus Lecanicillium psalliotae.
|
The gene encoding a cuticle-degrading serine protease was cloned from three isolates of Lecanicillium psalliotae (syn. Verticillium psalliotae) by 3' and 5' RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends) method. The gene encodes for 382 amino acids and the protein shares conserved motifs with subtilisin N and peptidase S8. Comparison of translated cDNA sequences of three isolates revealed one amino acid polymorphism at position 230. The deduced protease sequence shared high degree of similarities to other cuticle-degrading proteases from other nematophagous fungi.
|
['Amino Acid Motifs', 'Ascomycota', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Genes, Fungal', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Serine Endopeptidases']
| 16,215,834
|
[['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500', 'G02.111.570.820.709.600.500'], ['B01.300.107'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D12.776.354'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.500', 'G05.360.340.358.024.500', 'G05.360.340.358.365.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Treatment of radioactive liquid effluents by reverse osmosis membranes: From lab-scale to pilot-scale.
|
The recent use of the reverse osmosis (RO) process at the damaged Fukushima-Daiichi nuclear power plant generated a growing interest in the application of this process for decontamination purposes. This study focused on the development of a robust RO process for decontamination of two kinds of liquid effluents: a contaminated groundwater after a nuclear disaster and a contaminated seawater during a nuclear accident. The SW30 HR membrane was selected among other in this study due to higher retentions (96% for Cs and 98% for Sr) in a true groundwater. Significant fouling and scaling phenomenon, attributed to calcium and strontium precipitation, were evidenced in this work: this underscored the importance of the lab scale experiment in the process. Validation of the separation performances on trace radionuclides concentration was performed with similar retention around 96% between surrogates Cs (inactive) and 137Cs (radioactive). The scale up to a 2.6 m2 spiral wound membrane led to equivalent retentions (around 96% for Cs and 99% for Sr) but lower flux values: this underlined that the hydrodynamic parameters (flowrate/cross-flow velocity) should be optimized. This methodology was also applied on the reconstituted seawater effluent: retentions were slightly lower than for the groundwater and the same hydrodynamic effects were observed on the pilot scale. Then, ageing of the membrane through irradiation experiments were performed. Results showed that the membrane active layer composition influenced the membrane resistance towards ã irradiation: the SW30 HR membrane performances (retention and permeability) were better than the Osmonics SE at 1 MGy. Finally, to supplement the scale up approach, the irradiation of a spiral wound membrane revealed a limited effect on the permeability and retention. This indicated that irradiation conditions need to be controlled for a further development of the process.
|
['Filtration', 'Membranes, Artificial', 'Osmosis', 'Permeability', 'Water Purification']
| 28,675,844
|
[['E05.196.454', 'G01.280', 'G02.263'], ['D25.479', 'J01.637.051.479', 'J01.637.087.500'], ['G01.154.090.750', 'G02.111.655', 'G02.691', 'G02.723.495'], ['G02.723'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.900.900', 'N06.850.860.510.900.900']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Falsely elevated lactate in severe ethylene glycol intoxication.
|
A 29-year-old male presented at the emergency department of our hospital in a confused state. He had a history of psychoses and substance abuse. Physical examination revealed hyperventilation and abdominal tenderness. Blood gas analysis in the emergency department using an ABL 725 Radiometer analyser showed a severe metabolic acidosis with massive lactate elevation. Lactate acidosis due to mesenteric ischaemia was suspected. However, toxicology screening demonstrated ethylene glycol intoxication. Treatment with ethanol infusion and acute haemodialysis was started. Repeated laboratory measurements using a clinical chemistry analyser showed minimal plasma lactate elevation. Falsely elevated lactate measurement is a little known phenomenon that can occur in ethylene glycol intoxication and can cause serious delay in diagnosis. Therefore, elevated lactate concentrations measured on intensive care unit and emergency department blood gas analysers should be confirmed by a clinical chemistry analyser in the main laboratory in case of suspected ethylene glycol intoxication.
|
['Acidosis, Lactic', 'Adult', 'Blood Gas Analysis', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Ethanol', 'Ethylene Glycol', 'False Positive Reactions', 'Humans', 'Lactic Acid', 'Male', 'Psychotic Disorders', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Solvents', 'Substance-Related Disorders']
| 20,739,730
|
[['C18.452.076.176.180'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.100', 'E01.370.386.700.100', 'E05.200.124.100.100'], ['E01.171'], ['D02.033.375'], ['D02.033.455.250.268'], ['E01.354.506'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.241.511.459.450'], ['F03.700.675'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['D27.720.844'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Impact of obesity on atrial fibrillation ablation: Patient characteristics, long-term outcomes, and complications.
|
BACKGROUND: There is an association between obesity and atrial fibrillation (AF). The impact of obesity on AF ablation procedures is unclear.OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of body mass index (BMI) on patient characteristics, long-term ablation outcomes, and procedural complications.METHODS: We evaluated 2715 patients undergoing 3742 AF ablation procedures. BMI was ?30 kg/m2 in 1058 (39%) and ?40 kg/m2 in 129 (4.8%). Patients were grouped by BMI ranges (<25, 25-<30, 30-<35, 35-<40, and ?40 kg/m2).RESULTS: As BMI increased from <25 to ?40 kg/m2, age decreased from 65.3 ± 11.2 to 61.2 ± 9.2 years (P < .001), left atrial size increased from 3.91 ± 0.68 to 4.72 ± 0.62 cm (P < .005), and CHADS2 scores increased from 1.24 ± 1.10 to 1.62 ± 1.09 (P < .001). As BMI increased, paroxysmal AF decreased from 48.0% to 16.3% (P < .0001) and there was an increase in dilated cardiomyopathy (from 7.6% to 12.4%; P < .0001), hypertension (from 41.0% to 72.9%; P < .0001), diabetes (from 4.3% to 23.3%; P < .0001), and sleep apnea (from 7.0% to 46.9%; P < .0001). For the entire cohort, for BMI ?35 kg/m2 the 5-year ablation freedom from AF decreased from 67%-72% to 57% (P = .036). For paroxysmal AF, when BMI was ?40 kg/m2 ablation success decreased from 79%-82% to 60% (P = .064), and for persistent AF, when BMI was ?35 kg/m2 ablation success decreased from 64%-70% to 52%-57% (P = .021). For long-standing AF, there was no impact of BMI on outcomes (P = .624). In multivariate analysis, BMI ?35 kg/m2 predicted worse outcomes (P = .036). Higher BMI did not impact major complication rates (P = .336). However, when BMI was ?40 kg/m2, minor (from 2.1% to 4.4%; P = .035) and total (from 3.5% to 6.7%; P = .023) complications increased.CONCLUSION: In patients undergoing AF ablation, increasing BMI is associated with more patient comorbidities and more persistent and long-standing AF. BMI ?35 kg/m2 adversely impacts ablation outcomes, and BMI ?40 kg/m2 increases minor complications.
|
['Aged', 'Atrial Fibrillation', 'Body Mass Index', 'California', 'Catheter Ablation', 'Comorbidity', 'Disease Progression', 'Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Forecasting', 'Heart Atria', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Survival Rate', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 28,232,261
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.280.067.198', 'C23.550.073.198'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['Z01.107.567.875.580.200', 'Z01.107.567.875.760.200'], ['E02.808.750.500', 'E04.014.760.500'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E01.370.370.380.245', 'E01.370.405.267'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['I01.320'], ['A07.541.358'], ['A07.541.560'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
High-throughput discovery of rare insertions and deletions in large cohorts.
|
Pooled-DNA sequencing strategies enable fast, accurate, and cost-effect detection of rare variants, but current approaches are not able to accurately identify short insertions and deletions (indels), despite their pivotal role in genetic disease. Furthermore, the sensitivity and specificity of these methods depend on arbitrary, user-selected significance thresholds, whose optimal values change from experiment to experiment. Here, we present a combined experimental and computational strategy that combines a synthetically engineered DNA library inserted in each run and a new computational approach named SPLINTER that detects and quantifies short indels and substitutions in large pools. SPLINTER integrates information from the synthetic library to select the optimal significance thresholds for every experiment. We show that SPLINTER detects indels (up to 4 bp) and substitutions in large pools with high sensitivity and specificity, accurately quantifies variant frequency (r = 0.999), and compares favorably with existing algorithms for the analysis of pooled sequencing data. We applied our approach to analyze a cohort of 1152 individuals, identifying 48 variants and validating 14 of 14 (100%) predictions by individual genotyping. Thus, our strategy provides a novel and sensitive method that will speed the discovery of novel disease-causing rare variants.
|
['Computational Biology', 'Gene Frequency', 'Gene Library', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'INDEL Mutation', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Software']
| 21,041,413
|
[['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['G05.330'], ['G05.360.325'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.590.500', 'G05.558.370'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['L01.224.900']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Prognostic factors of clinical endpoints in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation during a 2-year follow-up in China: An observational cohort study.
|
This study aimed to reveal the incidence of clinical endpoints in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) during a 2-year follow-up and evaluate the related prognostic factors of these endpoints.In total, 200 elderly patients with AF and 400 age- and sex-matched patients without AF were enrolled in this prospective observational cohort study. The incidence of clinical endpoints, including thromboembolism, hemorrhage, and all-cause death, during the 2-year follow-up was analyzed. Other follow-up data, including disease history, laboratory examinations, medication status, and other clinical endpoints, were collected. The prognostic factors of these clinical endpoints were then evaluated by Cox-survival analysis. In addition, the predicative role of C-reactive protein (CRP) and platelet-activating factor (PAF) on these clinical endpoints was analyzed.The incidence of clinical endpoints, including thromboembolism, hemorrhage, and all-cause death, was significantly higher in patients with AF than in those without AF (27.8% vs 9.8%, 29.4% vs 12.7%, and 28.7% vs 11.6%, respectively; all P < .001). Antithrombotic therapy significantly reduced the incidences of all-cause deaths (P < .05). Body mass index (BMI) and digoxin were prognostic risk factors of thromboembolism; age, massive hemorrhage history, and digoxin were prognostic risk factors of hemorrhage and age, renal insufficiency history, massive hemorrhage history, and digoxin were prognostic risk factors of all-cause death (P < .05). Further, both CRP and PAF were prognostic risk factors of thromboembolism and massive hemorrhage (P < .05).Age, BMI, massive hemorrhage history, and digoxin appear to be prognostic risk factors of clinical endpoints in elderly patients with AF. Appropriate drug use during follow-up may be beneficial in preventing the occurrence of clinical endpoints in elderly patients with AF.TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ChiCTR-OCH-13003479.
|
['Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Atrial Fibrillation', 'Body Mass Index', 'C-Reactive Protein', 'Case-Control Studies', 'China', 'Digoxin', 'Female', 'Fibrinolytic Agents', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Platelet Activating Factor', 'Prognosis', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Prospective Studies', 'Thromboembolism']
| 28,816,946
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C14.280.067.198', 'C23.550.073.198'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['D12.776.034.145', 'D12.776.124.050.120', 'D12.776.124.486.157'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['D04.210.500.155.580.130.500.436', 'D04.210.500.155.580.130.688', 'D09.408.180.261.436'], ['D27.505.519.421.750', 'D27.505.954.411.320', 'D27.505.954.502.427'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C23.550.414'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.033.100.291.211.500', 'D02.092.063.291.211.500', 'D02.092.877.883.333.710', 'D02.675.276.232.710', 'D10.570.755.375.760.400.985.910', 'D23.119.865', 'D23.469.050.600'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C14.907.355.590']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Early graft failure after infrainguinal arterial bypass.
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INTRODUCTION: Early graft failure (EGF), defined as failure within 30 days of an index procedure, is a serious complication after infrainguinal arterial bypass. EGF has not been examined by the use of national data since the widespread adoption of percutaneous treatments for arterial occlusive disease.METHODS: We used data from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program. Patients who underwent infrainguinal arterial bypass from 2005 to 2011 were selected from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. The frequency of 30-day EGF was determined. Univariate and multivariate analyses evaluated risk factors for EGF.RESULTS: Of 23,468 patients who underwent open infrainguinal arterial bypass, 1,065 (4.5%) had EGF. Patients who had EGF were more likely to have a prolonged duration of stay (34.8% vs 12.0%, P < .001), greater rates of reoperation (82.1% vs 14.3%, P < .001) and increased 30-day mortality (5.1% vs 2.1%, P < .001). The rate of additional complications in patients who experienced EGF was 42.0%, compared with 25.4% in those who did not have EGF (P < .001). Patients who experienced complications in addition to EGF were more likely to have complications after graft failure (69.5% vs 31.3%). In multivariable analysis, EGF was associated with younger age, female sex, black race, obesity, thrombocytosis, increased international normalized ratio, femoral-to-tibial bypass, prosthetic graft, and emergent operation.CONCLUSION: The incidence of EGF after open lower extremity arterial bypass has not increased in an era of increased use of percutaneous techniques. Nevertheless, EGF occurs in almost 5% of patients and is strongly associated with additional complications and mortality. Identifying patients at risk for EGF may facilitate modification of contributing factors. Diminishing the incidence of graft occlusion will lead to decreased morbidity and mortality in this cohort of patients.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Leg', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Peripheral Vascular Diseases', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Failure', 'United States', 'Vascular Grafting']
| 24,269,142
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['A01.378.610.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.907.617'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800.760', 'N04.761.559.590.800.760', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.760'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['E04.100.814.868']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
PrimaTB STAT-PAK assay, a novel, rapid lateral-flow test for tuberculosis in nonhuman primates.
|
Tuberculosis (TB) is the most important zoonotic bacterial disease in nonhuman primates (NHP). The current diagnostic method, the intradermal palpebral tuberculin test, has serious shortcomings. We characterized antibody responses in NHP against Mycobacterium tuberculosis to identify immunodominant antigens and develop a rapid serodiagnostic test for TB. A total of 422 NHP were evaluated, including 243 rhesus (Macaca mulatta), 46 cynomolgus (Macaca fascicularis), and 133 African green (Cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus) monkeys at five collaborative centers. Of those, 50 monkeys of the three species were experimentally inoculated with M. tuberculosis. Antibody responses were monitored every 2 to 4 weeks for up to 8 months postinfection by MultiAntigen Print ImmunoAssay with a panel of 12 recombinant antigens. All of the infected monkeys produced antibodies at various levels and with different antigen recognition patterns. ESAT-6 and MPB83 were the most frequently recognized proteins during infection. A combination of selected antigens which detected antibodies in all of the infected monkeys was designed to develop the PrimaTB STAT-PAK assay by lateral-flow technology. Serological evaluation demonstrated high diagnostic sensitivity (90%) and specificity (99%). The highest rate of TB detection was achieved when the skin test was combined with the PrimaTB STAT-PAK kit. This novel immunoassay provides a simple, rapid, and accurate test for TB in NHP.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Bacterial', 'Antigens, Bacterial', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Chlorocebus aethiops', 'Immunoassay', 'Macaca fascicularis', 'Macaca mulatta', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis', 'Primate Diseases', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Tuberculin Test', 'Tuberculosis']
| 17,652,522
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.107', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.125'], ['D23.050.161'], ['D12.776.097'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.126.110'], ['E05.478.566', 'E05.601.470'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510.520'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510.550'], ['D12.776.543'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.702', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.702'], ['C22.735'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.225.812.871.800', 'E05.200.812.871.800', 'E05.478.594.890.800'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Nonplanarity of adenine: vibrational transition moment angle studies in helium nanodroplets.
|
Mid-infrared spectra are reported for adenine monomer in helium nanodroplets. We show that there is only one tautomer of adenine, the global minimum structure, observed in helium nanodroplets and characterized by using ab initio calculations and the measurement of vibrational transition moment angles (VTMAs) for the various vibrational modes of the adenine monomer. On the basis of the VTMA analysis on the amino group of the global minimum tautomer, which gives insights into its nonplanarity, a detailed VTMA study of three lowest-energy amino tautomers of adenine is discussed in this study.
|
['Adenine', 'Amines', 'Helium', 'Isomerism', 'Nanoparticles', 'Vibration']
| 18,616,231
|
[['D03.633.100.759.138'], ['D02.092'], ['D01.268.613.350', 'D01.362.641.352'], ['G02.111.570.685', 'G02.607.445'], ['J01.637.512.600'], ['G01.374.930']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A Multi-Site Study of Norovirus Molecular Epidemiology in Australia and New Zealand, 2013-2014.
|
BACKGROUND: Norovirus (NoV) is the major cause of acute gastroenteritis across all age groups. In particular, variants of genogroup II, genotype 4 (GII.4) have been associated with epidemics globally, occurring approximately every three years. The pandemic GII.4 variant, Sydney 2012, was first reported in early 2012 and soon became the predominant circulating NoV strain globally. Despite its broad impact, both clinically and economically, our understanding of the fundamental diversity and mechanisms by which new NoV strains emerge remains limited. In this study, we describe the molecular epidemiological trends of NoV-associated acute gastroenteritis in Australia and New Zealand between January 2013 and June 2014.METHODOLOGY: Overall, 647 NoV-positive clinical faecal samples from 409 outbreaks and 238 unlinked cases of acute gastroenteritis were examined by RT-PCR and sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis was then performed to identify NoV capsid genotypes and to establish the temporal dominance of circulating pandemic GII.4 variants. Recombinant viruses were also identified based on analysis of the ORF1/2 overlapping region.FINDINGS: Peaks in NoV activity were observed, however the timing of these epidemics varied between different regions. Overall, GII.4 NoVs were the dominant cause of both outbreaks and cases of NoV-associated acute gastroenteritis (63.1%, n = 408/647), with Sydney 2012 being the most common GII.4 variant identified (98.8%, n = 403/408). Of the 409 reported NoV outbreaks, aged-care facilities were the most common setting in both Western Australia (87%, n = 20/23) and New Zealand (58.1%, n = 200/344) while most of the NoV outbreaks were reported from hospitals (38%, n = 16/42) in New South Wales, Australia. An analysis of a subset of non-GII.4 viruses from all locations (125/239) showed the majority (56.8%, n = 71/125) were inter-genotype recombinants. These recombinants were surprisingly diverse and could be classified into 18 distinct recombinant types, with GII.P16/GII.13 (24% of recombinants) the most common.CONCLUSION: This study revealed that following its emergence in 2012, GII.4 Sydney 2012 variant continued to be the predominant cause of NoV-associated acute gastroenteritis in Australia and New Zealand between 2013 and 2014.
|
['Antigenic Variation', 'Australia', 'Caliciviridae Infections', 'Disease Outbreaks', 'Epidemiological Monitoring', 'Gastroenteritis', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Molecular Epidemiology', 'Mutation', 'New Zealand', 'Norovirus', 'Phylogeny', 'RNA, Viral', 'Recombination, Genetic', 'Viral Structural Proteins']
| 27,116,221
|
[['G05.365.073', 'G12.500.249'], ['Z01.639.100', 'Z01.678.100.373'], ['C01.925.782.160'], ['N06.850.290'], ['E05.318.375', 'N06.850.520.460'], ['C06.405.205'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.416', 'E05.393.522', 'H01.158.201.636.475.500', 'H01.158.273.343.595.475.500', 'H01.181.122.650.475.550', 'H02.403.720.500.300', 'N06.850.520.470'], ['G05.365.590'], ['Z01.639.760.747', 'Z01.678.100.747'], ['B04.820.578.298.550'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['G05.728'], ['D12.776.964.970']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Neuronal methylome reveals CREB-associated neuro-axonal impairment in multiple sclerosis.
|
BACKGROUND: Due to limited access to brain tissue, the precise mechanisms underlying neuro-axonal dysfunction in neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS) are largely unknown. In that context, profiling DNA methylation, which is a stable and cell type-specific regulatory epigenetic mark of genome activity, offers a unique opportunity to characterize the molecular mechanisms underpinning brain pathology in situ. We examined DNA methylation patterns of neuronal nuclei isolated from post-mortem brain tissue to infer processes that occur in neurons of MS patients.RESULTS: We isolated subcortical neuronal nuclei from post-mortem white matter tissue of MS patients and non-neurological controls using flow cytometry. We examined bulk DNA methylation changes (total n = 29) and further disentangled true DNA methylation (5mC) from neuron-specific DNA hydroxymethylation (5hmC) (n = 17), using Illumina Infinium 450K arrays. We performed neuronal sub-type deconvolution using glutamate and GABA methylation profiles to further reduce neuronal sample heterogeneity. In total, we identified 2811 and 1534 significant (genome-wide adjusted P value < 0.05) differentially methylated and hydroxymethylated positions between MS patients and controls. We found striking hypo-5mC and hyper-5hmC changes occurring mainly within gene bodies, which correlated with reduced transcriptional activity, assessed using published RNAseq data from bulk brain tissue of MS patients and controls. Pathway analyses of the two cohorts implicated dysregulation of genes involved in axonal guidance and synaptic plasticity, with meta-analysis confirming CREB signalling as the most highly enriched pathway underlying these processes. We functionally investigated DNA methylation changes of CREB signalling-related genes by immunohistofluoresence of phosphorylated CREB in neurons from brain sections of a subcohort of MS patients and controls (n = 15). Notably, DNA methylation changes associated with a reduction of CREB activity in white matter neurons of MS patients compared to controls.CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate that investigating 5mC and 5hmC modifications separately allows the discovery of a substantial fraction of changes occurring in neurons, which can escape traditional bisulfite-based DNA methylation analysis. Collectively, our findings indicate that neurons of MS patients acquire sustained hypo-5mC and hyper-5hmC, which may impair CREB-mediated neuro-axonal integrity, in turn relating to clinical symptoms.
|
['5-Methylcytosine', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cadaver', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein', 'DNA Methylation', 'Down-Regulation', 'Epigenesis, Genetic', 'Female', 'High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multiple Sclerosis', 'Neurons', 'Phosphorylation', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Signal Transduction', 'White Matter']
| 31,146,783
|
[['D03.383.742.698.421.500'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C23.550.260.224'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['D12.776.260.108.184', 'D12.776.930.127.184'], ['G02.111.035.538.161', 'G02.111.218', 'G03.059.538.161', 'G05.206'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['G05.308.203'], ['E05.393.760.319'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.114.375.500', 'C10.314.350.500', 'C20.111.258.250.500'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A08.186.211.204', 'A08.186.854.880']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Stunted Growth. Proceedings of the 23rd Aschauer Soiree, Held at Aschauhof, Germany, November 7th 2015.
|
Twenty-four scientists met at Aschauhof, Altenhof, Germany, to discuss the associations between child growth and development, and nutrition, health, environment and psychology. Meta-analyses of body height, height variability and household inequality, in historic and modern growth studies published since 1794, highlighting the enormously flexible patterns of child and adolescent height and weight increments throughout history which do not only depend on genetics, prenatal development, nutrition, health, and economic circumstances, but reflect social interactions. A Quality of Life in Short Stature Youth Questionnaire was presented to cross-culturally assess health-related quality of life in children. Changes of child body proportions in recent history, the relation between height and longevity in historic Dutch samples and also measures of body height in skeletal remains belonged to the topics of this meeting. Bayesian approaches and Monte Carlo simulations offer new statistical tools for the study of human growth.
|
['Adolescent', 'Age Factors', 'Body Mass Index', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Growth Disorders', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Sex Factors']
| 27,464,419
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C23.550.393'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Myelin autoreactivity in multiple sclerosis: recognition of myelin basic protein in the context of HLA-DR2 products by T lymphocytes of multiple-sclerosis patients and healthy donors.
|
A panel of 20 human myelin basic protein (hMBP)-specific T-lymphocyte lines was generated from the peripheral blood of eight multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and two healthy donors, most of them expressing the HLA-DR2 haplotype, which is associated with an increased susceptibility to MS. Using HLA-DR gene-transfected mouse L-cell lines as antigen-presenting cells, we established that of the 20 hMBP-specific T-lymphocyte lines, 7 were restricted by the DR2a gene products of the DR2Dw2 haplotype. Four T-cell lines recognized hMBP in the context of the DR2b products of the DR2Dw2 haplotype. DR2b-restricted T-cell responses were demonstrable only in T-cell lines derived from MS patients. The hMBP epitopes presented by the DR2a heterodimer were mapped to peptides covering amino acid residues 1-44, 76-91, 131-145, or 139-153 and to a region spanning the thrombin-cleaved bond at Arg130-Ala131. DR2b-restricted T-cell lines recognized epitopes within amino acids 80-99 and 148-162. Peptide 139-153 was also presented in the context of HLA-DR1 molecules. Our data show that (i) in MS patients both the DR2a and DR2b products of the DR2Dw2 haplotype function as restriction elements for the myelin autoantigen hMBP, (ii) the DR2a molecule presents at least five different epitopes to hMBP-specific T lymphocytes, and (iii) anti-hMBP T-cell lines derived from individual donors can differ in their antigen fine specificity as well as in their HLA restriction.
|
['Adult', 'Animals', 'Epitopes', 'Female', 'HLA-DR2 Antigen', 'Humans', 'L Cells', 'Major Histocompatibility Complex', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Multiple Sclerosis', 'Myelin Basic Protein', 'Reference Values', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Transfection']
| 1,700,423
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.050.550'], ['D12.776.395.550.509.400.440.400.020', 'D12.776.543.550.440.400.440.400.020', 'D23.050.301.500.400.400.440.400.020', 'D23.050.301.500.450.400.440.389.750', 'D23.050.705.552.410.400.440.389.020', 'D23.050.705.552.450.400.440.389.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.251.210.505', 'A11.329.228.505'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.610', 'G05.360.340.024.380.500', 'G12.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['C10.114.375.500', 'C10.314.350.500', 'C20.111.258.250.500'], ['D12.776.543.620.540', 'D12.776.631.580.510'], ['E05.978.810'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Use experience evaluation of Google search for obtaining medical knowledge: a case study.
|
More and more people use internet search engines, especially Google, to learn about diseases and possible treatments. We conducted a hallway testing to evaluate the effectiveness of Google in obtaining medical information. We searched 'Breast Cancer' using Google. Six volunteers scored their experience for each of the top 500 websites. Our study shows that 50 hits of Google often help lay users in getting medical information, but some highly useful websites may be buried beyond top 200. Hence, the specificity of using Google in searching for medical information is satisfactory while the sensitivity of the search has significant room for improvement.
|
['Health Education', 'Humans', 'Information Dissemination', 'Information Services', 'Internet', 'Search Engine']
| 22,295,748
|
[['I02.233.332', 'N02.421.726.407'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.143.443'], ['L01.453'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['L01.470.875']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Serotonergic function in cocaine addicts: prolactin responses to sequential D,L-fenfluramine challenges.
|
BACKGROUND: Preclinical studies have shown that cocaine produces alterations in serotonergic function but our knowledge of the serotonergic alterations due to cocaine abuse in humans is still fragmentary. We therefore assessed the central serotonergic responsivity of cocaine addicts and control subjects by neuroendocrine challenges with the serotonin releaser and reuptake inhibitor D,L-fenfluramine (FEN).METHODS: Plasma prolactin levels following a 60 mg oral dose of FEN and placebo were studied in 25 hospitalized male cocaine addicts and 13 healthy male subjects. Control subjects underwent one set of FEN/placebo challenges and cocaine addicts two sets of challenges, during the first and third weeks following cocaine discontinuation. Patients were divided into two subgroups as a function of presence (FH+) and absence (FH-) of a paternal history of substance abuse. The following comparisons were made: 1) Control subjects versus entire patient group and versus patient subgroups; 2) entire patient group and patient subgroups responses to first versus second challenges; 3) FH+ versus FH- patients' early responses and FH+ versus FH- patients' late responses.RESULTS: The prolactin responses to FEN increased significantly in the entire patient group as time following cocaine discontinuation increased. The FH+ patients had significantly blunted early responses by comparison with FH- patients and control subjects. There was a more pronounced rebound of the responses of FH+ patients by comparison with those of FH- patients. As a result, comparisons of the late responses of FH+ and FH- patients and of FH+ patients and control subjects became nonsignificant.CONCLUSIONS: Cocaine use appears to have an effect on the serotonergic mechanisms mediating prolactin release in humans. In the present study, this effect was more pronounced in a subgroup of patients with a paternal history of alcoholism or drug abuse. The greater blunting of the prolactin response observed within days of cocaine discontinuation followed by a greater rebound of this response 2 weeks later could indicate an increased vulnerability to the disruptive effects of cocaine in these patients.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Adult', 'Alcoholism', 'Child of Impaired Parents', 'Cocaine-Related Disorders', 'Fathers', 'Fenfluramine', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Placebos', 'Prolactin', 'Serotonin', 'Substance-Related Disorders']
| 10,349,036
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C25.775.100.250', 'F03.900.100.350'], ['M01.106'], ['C25.775.300', 'F03.900.300'], ['F01.829.263.500.320.100', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340.210', 'M01.620.390'], ['D02.092.471.683.467'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D26.660', 'E02.785'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.773', 'D06.472.699.631.525.525', 'D12.644.548.691.525.525'], ['D02.092.211.215.801.852', 'D03.633.100.473.914.814', 'D23.469.050.650'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
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