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Epidemiology of scabies in relation to socio-economic and selected climatic factors in north-east Poland.
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INTRODUCTION: Scabies is a contagious parasitic disease, a skin infestation caused by Scaroptes scabieri, tiny mites that burrow under the skin. Outbreaks of scabies can be difficult to control and require the implementation of appropriate control programme.OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to analyze the epidemiology of scabies in north-east Poland, considering socio-economic and selected climatic factors.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The analysis was based on data reports (n=26,362) obtained from the Polish National Health Fund (NFZ) for the period 2007-2014. Monthly climate data were collected from the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management/National Research Institute (IMGW-PIB) in Warsaw, including data on temperature and relative humidity. Additionally, the influence of socio-economic factors on the prevalence of scabies was analyzed. Data on population size, medical staff, and unemployment rate were obtained from the Central Statistical Office (GUS) in Warsaw, and analyzed using SPSS Statistics 24.0 programme.RESULTS: The age group of 10-19 years showed the highest infestation rates. Seasonality of scabies was demonstrated. The highest numbers of cases were reported during the autumn and winter months. There was a significant negative correlation (rho = -0.499; p<0.001) between air temperature and the incidence of scabies, and a positive correlation (r = 0.532; p<0.001) between relative humidity and the number of cases reported. A rise in the unemployment rate also caused an increase in the scabies incidence rate (r = 0.294; p<0.001).CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that an improvement of socio-economic conditions may contribute to a reduction in the number of scabies infections. The possibility should be considered of monitoring the parameters, such as air temperature and humidity, particularly when scabies outbreaks occur.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Humidity', 'Incidence', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Poland', 'Prevalence', 'Scabies', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Temperature', 'Young Adult']
| 32,955,217
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G16.500.275.063.725.310', 'G16.500.750.775.310', 'N06.230.150.372', 'N06.230.300.100.725.310'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.542.248.679'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['C01.610.858.211.480.708', 'C17.800.838.775.800'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
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Presepsin and fetuin-A dyad for the diagnosis of proven sepsis in preterm neonates.
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BACKGROUND: Diagnosis is the most strenuous step in the evaluation of neonatal sepsis. No gold standard diagnostic method is available except for blood culture. We aimed to investigate the role of positive and negative acute phase reactants, namely presepsin and fetuin-A, in the diagnosis of culture-proven late-onset sepsis.METHODS: A prospective, case-control study with the infants ?32 weeks of age with a diagnosis of culture-proven late-onset sepsis was designed. Twenty-nine preterm infants with similar gestational and postnatal ages without sepsis constituted the control group. Serum values of presepsin, fetuin-A, C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 were evaluated at the enrollment, third and seventh days of the diagnosis in the infants with positive blood culture results.RESULTS: First-day presepsin values were significantly higher in the culture-positive infants than the control group [1583 ng/L (1023-1731) vs. 426 ng/L (287-589), p = < 0.0001]. Presepsin was found to have an 88.9% sensitivity and 88.9% specificity with a cut-off value of 823 ng/ml for culture-proven LOS in our study, and area under the receiver-operating curve was 0.939. Fetuin-A levels were similar between the study and control groups (p > 0.05).CONCLUSION: Presepsin may be an accurate marker for both diagnosis and monitoring of treatment response for culture-proven late-onset sepsis in preterm infants. However, fetuin-A does not seem to be a useful tool for the diagnosis of sepsis.
|
['Bacteremia', 'Biomarkers', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Premature', 'Interleukin-6', 'Lipopolysaccharide Receptors', 'Male', 'Neonatal Sepsis', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Prospective Studies', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein']
| 31,387,523
|
[['C01.150.252.100', 'C01.757.100', 'C23.550.470.790.500.100'], ['D23.101'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.703.520.520'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['D12.776.395.550.448.100', 'D12.776.543.484.500.100', 'D12.776.543.550.418.100', 'D12.776.543.750.705.045', 'D23.050.301.264.900.045', 'D23.101.100.900.045'], ['C01.757.580', 'C16.614.627', 'C23.550.470.790.500.470'], ['D12.644.541'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['D12.776.124.790.106.304.500', 'D12.776.157.125.283.500', 'D12.776.215.625.500', 'D12.776.377.715.085.304.500', 'D12.776.395.086']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
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Performance of malaria rapid diagnostic test in febrile under-five children at Oni Memorial Children's Hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria, 2016.
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Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends testing of suspected malaria cases before treatment. Malaria rapid diagnostic test (mRDT) has been recommended for this purpose in endemic countries where microscopy is not accessible. However, its diagnostic performance remains a concern in clinical settings. We assessed diagnostic performance of RDT among febrile under-five children (U5) presenting at Oni Memorial Children's Hospital, Ibadan (OMCH).Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 370 febrile U5 attending OMCH February to May, 2016. We examined their finger prick blood samples for malaria parasitaemia using CareStartTM histidine rich protein II (HRP-2) RDT and microscopy. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV, NPV), false positive (FP), invalid rates (IR), likelihood ratio of positive and negative tests (LRP and LRN), were calculated.Results: Mean age of the children was 28.17 ± 15.59 months. Malaria prevalence was 21.6% and 15.1% by mRDT and microscopy, respectively. Sensitivity of CareStartTM HRP-2 RDT was 94.6% (95% confidence interval (CI): 84.2-98.6), specificity: 91.4% (CI: 87.6-94.2), PPV: 66.3% (CI: 54.7-76.2), NPV: 98.9% (CI: 96.8-99.7), FPR 6.5%, IR 8.1%, LRP:10.6 and LRN:0.1.Conclusion: Diagnostic performance of CareStartTM used in the study met the ? 95% sensitivity at 100 parasites/µL recommended by WHO. This finding provides clinical evidence that testing before anti-malarial treatment as recommended by WHO will identify cases of malaria infection and reduce unnecessary use of drugs. Healthcare workers should be educated on diagnostic accuracy of mRDT and adhere to the WHO's test-treat strategy for anti-malaria therapy.
|
['Antimalarials', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Diagnostic Tests, Routine', 'False Positive Reactions', 'Female', 'Fever', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Malaria', 'Male', 'Microscopy', 'Nigeria', 'Parasitemia', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prevalence', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 30,574,261
|
[['D27.505.954.122.250.100.085'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E01.370.395'], ['E01.354.506'], ['C23.888.119.344'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C01.610.752.530', 'C01.920.875'], ['E01.370.350.515', 'E05.595', 'H01.671.617.562'], ['Z01.058.290.190.565'], ['C01.610.695', 'C23.550.470.790.500.580'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
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Oral administration of proteinase inhibitor II from potatoes reduces energy intake in man.
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The effect of a proteinase inhibitor extracted from potatoes (POT II) which increases CCK release, on food intake was examined in 11 lean subjects. They received 1.5 g POT II in a high-protein soup vehicle (70 kcal), the soup vehicle alone, or a no-soup control five minutes before being presented with a lunchtime test meal, according to a double-blind, within-subjects design. Consuming the soup alone led to a nonsignificant 3% reduction in energy intake. The addition of 1.5 g POT II to the soup significantly reduced energy intake by a further 17.5%. Premeal ratings of motivation to eat and food preferences did not predict the reduction in energy intake by the proteinase inhibitor. These findings suggest that endogenous CCK may be important in the control of food intake and that proteinase inhibition may have therapeutic potential for reducing food intake.
|
['Adult', 'Appetite', 'Cholecystokinin', 'Chymotrypsin', 'Energy Intake', 'Female', 'Food Preferences', 'Humans', 'Hunger', 'Male', 'Plant Proteins', 'Protease Inhibitors', 'Satiety Response', 'Solanum tuberosum', 'Trypsin Inhibitors']
| 2,255,726
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F02.830.071', 'G07.203.650.390.070', 'G10.261.390.070'], ['D06.472.317.152', 'D12.644.120'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.176', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.176'], ['G07.203.650.240.340'], ['F01.145.407.516', 'G07.203.650.353.516'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.658.293.391', 'G07.203.650.390', 'G10.261.390'], ['D12.776.765'], ['D27.505.519.389.745'], ['F02.830.749.658'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.725.777'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.800.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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Suppression of lordotic responsiveness in the female rat during mesencephalic electrical stimulation.
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The effects of biphasic electrical stimulation of the mesencephalic median (MRN) and dorsal raphe (DRN) nuclei, as well as the adjacent periaqueductal gray (PAG), on lordotic behavior were investigated in ovariectomized rats primed with three daily injections of estradiol benzoate (2 micrograms). Animals were tested between 4-8 hours after a progesterone (0.5 mg) injection on day four which normally facilitates high levels of receptivity during this period. Although stimulation of the MRN had no significant effect on lordosis, DRN activation at 100 Hz (0.5 msec pulse duration) or 10 Hz (2 msec pulse duration) caused a marked and immediate suppression (53% and 56%, respectively) in receptivity. This suppression does not appear to be due to activation of serotoninergic neurons originating in the DRN since pretreatment with an inhibitor of serotonin synthesis (parachlorophenylalamine, 320 mg/kg) essentially did not modify the suppression, thus providing no evidence in support of an inhibitory role for serotonin in lordotic behavior. Activation within the PAG adjacent to the DRN at 10 Hz (0.5 or 2 msec pulse duration) produced an immediate, dramatic decrease (81% and 80%, respectively) in receptivity. The suppressions induced by DRN and PAG stimulation appear most likely to be due to activation of a descending pathway inhibitory to the lordosis reflex at medullary or spinal cord levels.
|
['Animals', 'Castration', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Female', 'Fenclonine', 'Mesencephalon', 'Periaqueductal Gray', 'Posture', 'Raphe Nuclei', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Serotonin', 'Sexual Behavior, Animal']
| 6,227,018
|
[['B01.050'], ['E04.270.282', 'E04.950.165'], ['E05.723.402'], ['D12.125.072.050.685.440'], ['A08.186.211.132.659'], ['A08.186.211.132.659.413.875.595'], ['G11.427.695'], ['A08.186.211.132.659.413.875.618', 'A08.186.211.132.810.428.600.650.562', 'A08.186.211.132.810.591.500.662'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D02.092.211.215.801.852', 'D03.633.100.473.914.814', 'D23.469.050.650'], ['F01.145.113.252.748']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
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| 1
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| 0
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Epidemiology and Management of Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes in Contemporary Real-World Practice: Evolving Trends From the EYESHOT Study to the START-ANTIPLATELET Registry.
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The epidemiology and management of patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACSs) have evolved. We aimed to describe recent demographics and therapeutic changes in the Italian ACS population. We analyzed data from 2 multicenter consecutive Italian registries (the EYESHOT [EmploYEd antithrombotic therapies in patients with acute coronary Syndromes HOspitalised in iTalian cardiac care units] and START-ANTIPLATELET registries) enrolling patients with ACS between December 2013 and June 2016. An overall population of 3756 patients with ACS was enrolled: 2585 in the EYESHOT and 1171 in the START-ANTIPLATELET. Compared with the EYESHOT, patients in the START-ANTIPLATELET registry presented more frequently with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and were more often smokers and dyslipidemic (all P < .001) and had atrial fibrillation ( P = .018) but were less frequently aged ?75 years and with a history of major bleeding (all P < .001). Analysis of treatment strategy showed a significant increase in the use of percutaneous coronary intervention, drug-eluting stents, dual antiplatelet therapy, and ticagrelor in the START-ANTIPLATELET (all P < .001), with a substantial decline in the proportion of patients conservatively managed and on clopidogrel at discharge ( P < .001). A lower rate of in-hospital events was recorded in the START-ANTIPLATELET compared with the EYESHOT. The START-ANTIPLATELET and EYESHOT registries provide consecutive snapshots in the contemporary management of patients with ACS in Italy, showing important changes in both demographic characteristics and treatment strategies.
|
['Acute Coronary Syndrome', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Italy', 'Male', 'Percutaneous Coronary Intervention', 'Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors', 'Registries', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 29,544,348
|
[['C14.280.647.124', 'C14.907.585.124'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['E04.100.814.529.968', 'E04.502.382.968'], ['D27.505.954.502.780'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
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| 1
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Mapping the Health Information Landscape in a Rural, Culturally Diverse Region: Implications for Interventions to Reduce Information Inequality.
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The media is an important source of health information, especially critical in rural communities with geographically-dispersed populations that are harder to reach through other channels. Yet health information is unequally distributed; these information disparities are compounded in rural areas, which may contribute to health disparities. We identify and describe health-related news in a culturally-diverse rural California county characterized by high levels of poverty, unemployment, low educational attainment, and over half of Mexican-origin. We conducted a census of all available print news sources and then used content analysis to identify and characterize all health information printed in a 6-month study period. A total of 570 health-related articles were published. Five newspapers accounted for more than 80% of published health-related articles (n = 466); only one targeted the majority Latino population. The most common topic was access to health care/insurance/policy (33%), followed by diet/nutrition (13%), infectious disease (10%), and general prevention (9%). Just over one-quarter of health-related articles included useful information. Differences across newspaper types existed: independent newspapers reported more on health-related events compared with chain newspapers, and both ethnic-targeted newspapers and independently-published papers were more likely to include useful information compared with chain newspapers. While this region suffers from high rates of obesity and diabetes, there were relatively few articles on obesity and diabetes themselves, or linking behavioral risk factors with these conditions. One area we found absent from coverage pertained to the numerous environmental health threats prevalent in this heavily polluted, agricultural area (just 40 articles discussed environmental health threats). We also discovered that coverage of social determinants of health was lacking (just 24 of the 570 health articles), which was notable in a region that suffers extreme economic, educational, and health disparities. This analysis of a rural region's local news coverage of health issues demonstrates significant opportunity to engage with rural local media, particularly ethnic media, to disseminate health information. Such a strategy holds considerable promise to advance public health goals using a multilevel approach: From an individual perspective, improving the amount and utility of the information can inform and educate publics in areas with otherwise low levels of health information access. From a policy perspective, improving coverage of the social determinants of health could shape public opinion to support policies that improve health.
|
['Access to Information', 'California', 'Health Education', 'Health Information Exchange', 'Humans', 'Mass Media', 'Rural Population']
| 28,224,349
|
[['I01.880.604.473.352.500.030', 'L01.143.024', 'L01.737.030'], ['Z01.107.567.875.580.200', 'Z01.107.567.875.760.200'], ['I02.233.332', 'N02.421.726.407'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.625.500.500', 'L01.313.500.500', 'L01.399.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.178.590'], ['N01.600.725']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
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The microstructure of coaching practice: behaviours and activities of an elite rugby union head coach during preparation and competition.
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The activities and behaviours of a female head coach of a national rugby union team were recorded in both training and competition, across a whole rugby season, using the newly developed Rugby Coach Activities and Behaviours Instrument (RCABI). The instrument incorporates 24 categories of behaviour, embedded within three forms of activity (training form (TF), playing form (PF) and competitive match) and seven sub-activity types. In contrast to traditional drill-based coaching, 58.5% of the training time was found to have been spent in PF activities. Moreover, the proportion of PF activities increased to a peak average of 83.8% in proximity to the team's annual international championship. Uniquely, one of the coach's most prolific behaviours was conferring with associates (23.3%), highlighting the importance of interactions with assistant coaches, medical staff and others in shaping the coaching process. Additionally, the frequencies of key behaviours such as questioning and praise were found to vary between the different activity forms and types, raising questions about previous conceptions of effective coaching practice. The findings are discussed in the light of the Game Sense philosophy and the role of the head coach.
|
['Competitive Behavior', 'Female', 'Football', 'Humans', 'Physical Education and Training', 'Teaching']
| 26,260,577
|
[['F01.145.813.105'], ['I03.450.642.845.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I02.233.543'], ['I02.903']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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Transient paraparesis after laminectomy in a patient with multi-level ossification of the spinal ligament.
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Acute neurologic deterioration is not a rare event in the surgical decompression for thoracic spinal stenosis. We report a case of transient paraparesis after decompressive laminectomy in a 50-yr-old male patient with multi-level thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum and cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament. Decompressive laminectomy from T9 to T11 was performed without gross neurological improvement. Two weeks after the first operation, laminoplasty from C4 to C6 and additional decompressive laminectomies of T3, T4, T6, and T8 were performed. Paraparesis developed 3 hr after the second operation, which recovered spontaneously 5 hr thereafter. CT and MRI were immediately performed, but there were no corresponding lesions. Vascular compromise of the borderlines of the arterial supply by microthrombi might be responsible for the paraparesis.
|
['Cervical Vertebrae', 'Decompression, Surgical', 'Humans', 'Laminectomy', 'Ligamentum Flavum', 'Longitudinal Ligaments', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Ossification, Heterotopic', 'Paraparesis']
| 15,308,861
|
[['A02.835.232.834.151'], ['E04.188'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.718.563', 'E04.188.400', 'E04.525.450', 'E04.555.350'], ['A02.513.514.287', 'A02.835.583.512.287', 'A10.165.669.514.287'], ['A02.513.514.350', 'A02.835.583.512.350', 'A10.165.669.514.350'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.751'], ['C10.597.636.500', 'C23.888.592.643.500']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
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| 0
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Improving clinical retention of one-step self-etching adhesive systems with an additional hydrophobic adhesive layer.
|
BACKGROUND: The durability of restorations bonded with one-step self-etching (OSSE) adhesive systems is inferior compared with that of restorations bonded with conventional adhesives. The authors conducted an 18-month randomized clinical study to evaluate the clinical performance of two OSSE systems in noncarious cervical lesions applied as recommended or with an extra layer of hydrophobic adhesive layer after 18 months of clinical service.METHODS: Thirty participants, each of whom had at least two pairs of similar-sized noncarious cervical lesions, took part in this study. The authors placed 120 restorations, 30 in each of four groups: Clearfil S3 Bond (Kuraray, Osaka, Japan) (CS) and iBond Gluma inside (Heraeus Kulzer, Hanau, Germany) (IB), and Clearfil S3 Bond (CSB) and iBond Gluma inside (IBB) with an extra layer of hydrophobic adhesive applied on top of them. They placed the restorations incrementally, using a resin-based composite. The authors evaluated the restorations at baseline and at 18 months following modified U.S. Public Health Service criteria.RESULTS: At 18 months, the retention rate for the IB group was statistically lower than those for the CS, IBB and CSB groups. Marginal discoloration occurred in all groups and was statistically worse in the IB group.CONCLUSIONS: The conversion of the iBond Gluma inside and Clearfil S3 Bond adhesive systems into two-step systems by means of applying an extra hydrophobic adhesive layer improved the clinical performance of these materials after 18 months of clinical service.CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The application of an extra hydrophobic adhesive layer over OSSE adhesive systems, layers improved the OSSE systems clinical performance, mainly in terms of retention rate.
|
['Acid Etching, Dental', 'Adult', 'Composite Resins', 'Dental Bonding', 'Dental Cements', 'Dental Restoration Failure', 'Dental Restoration, Permanent', 'Dentin-Bonding Agents', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Matched-Pair Analysis', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Resin Cements', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Tooth Cervix', 'Tooth Diseases', 'Young Adult']
| 19,571,051
|
[['E06.931.475.111'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D05.750.716.822.308', 'D25.339.816.500', 'D25.720.716.822.308', 'J01.637.051.339.816.500', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.308'], ['E06.095'], ['D25.339.291', 'J01.637.051.339.291'], ['E06.323.400', 'E06.780.346.725'], ['E06.323.428', 'E06.780.346.737', 'E07.695.190.190'], ['D25.339.291.300', 'J01.637.051.339.291.300'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.370.485', 'E05.318.740.475', 'N05.715.360.325.500', 'N05.715.360.750.500', 'N06.850.520.445.485', 'N06.850.520.830.475'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D05.750.716.822.730', 'D25.339.291.750', 'D25.720.716.822.730', 'J01.637.051.339.291.750', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.730'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['A14.549.167.900.700'], ['C07.793'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid gland. Prognostic factors].
|
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical features and possible prognostic factors involved in the clinical course of a series of 26 patients with the diagnosis of thyroid medullar carcinoma (TMC).MATERIALS AND METHODS: An analysis was made of the variables age, sex, clinical course to diagnosis, paraneoplastic manifestations (flush, diarrhoea), clinical type (sporadic, non-associated, familial MEN IIa associated TMC, familial MEN IIb associated TMC), histologic uni or multicentricity, and stage of disease as possible predictive factors for the evolution.RESULTS: The most remarkable prognostic factor was tumoral stage. The likelihood of a patient diagnosed with stage I or II being free of metastatic disease was 1, 0.66 and 0.33 at 15, 16 and 17 years, respectively. In contrast, those patients in stage III at diagnosis had a likelihood of being free from metastasis 5 years after diagnosis and therapy of 0. With regard to sex, a better clinical course was observed among males than among females, statistically significant at 3 and 5, but not at 10 years. No statistical significance was reached with the other possible prognostic factors investigated.CONCLUSION: Given the obvious influence of tumoral stage of disease on prognosis, an early access to medical attention is desirable for diagnosis and treatment of TMC, as well as an early detection of family cases by a screening test.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Carcinoma, Medullary', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a', 'Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2b', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Prognosis', 'Sex Factors', 'Thyroid Gland', 'Thyroid Neoplasms', 'Time Factors']
| 8,685,495
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.240.315', 'C04.557.470.200.025.370.315', 'C04.557.470.615.315', 'C04.557.580.625.650.240.315'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.322.400.505', 'C04.651.600.505', 'C04.700.630.505', 'C16.320.700.630.505', 'C19.344.400.505'], ['C04.588.322.400.510', 'C04.651.600.510', 'C04.700.630.510', 'C16.320.700.630.510', 'C19.344.400.510'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['E01.789'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['A06.300.900'], ['C04.588.322.894', 'C04.588.443.915', 'C19.344.894', 'C19.874.788'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of Planting Date and Barley Variety on Russian Wheat Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Populations in Colorado, Kansas, and Nebraska.
|
The Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Kurdjumov) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is an important pest in the western Great Plains of the United States, where it causes hundreds of millions of dollars of losses to barley and wheat production through reduced yields. Experiments to evaluate the effect of early planting and resistance in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) on D. noxia were conducted at Fort Collins, CO; Tribune, KS; and Sidney, NE, in 2007, 2008, and 2009. Treatments included two planting dates and four cultivars, the D. noxia-resistant barley cultivars 'Stoneham' (Otis*4/STARS 9577B) and 'Sidney' (Otis*4/STARS 9301B), the susceptible cultivar 'Otis', and Otis treated with thiamethoxam. In tiller samples collected from May through early July, consistently lower D. noxia populations were found in plots planted ?30 d earlier than normal at Fort Collins in all three years, and at Tribune in 2007. With one location-year exception, lower D. noxia populations occurred on plants of resistant varieties or the susceptible variety Otis treated with thiamethoxam than on untreated Otis plants. There were no significant differences in D. noxia populations produced on plants of either resistant variety and susceptible Otis plants treated with thiamethoxam. Interactions between resistant varieties and early planting resulted in reduced D. noxia populations at Fort Collins in 2007 and 2009, and at Tribune and Sidney in 2007. Planting D. noxia-resistant barley varieties, planting varieties earlier than normal, and the synergistic effect of resistant variety and early planting can significantly reduce D. noxia infestations on barley in the western High Plains.
|
['Animals', 'Aphids', 'Colorado', 'Herbivory', 'Hordeum', 'Insect Control', 'Kansas', 'Nebraska', 'Population Dynamics', 'Seasons']
| 26,309,288
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.412.165'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.210'], ['F01.145.113.547.600', 'F01.145.407.758', 'G07.203.650.353.758'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.481'], ['N06.850.780.200.650.425'], ['Z01.107.567.875.510.390'], ['Z01.107.567.875.510.520'], ['I01.240.600', 'N01.224.625', 'N06.850.505.400.700'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Outcomes of three types of native arteriovenous fistula in a single center.
|
OBJECTIVE: To study the outcomes of three different types of native arteriovenous fistula (AVF), the distal (D: radial-cephalic), middle-arm (MA: radial-cephalic) and proximal (P: brachial-cephalic) AVF access creation for hemodialysis patients in a single center.METHODS: An 8-year retrospective review, from 2006 to 2014, was conducted at a single institution in which the surgical outcomes for three different types of native AVF creation were reviewed. Preoperative duplex vein mapping was obtained in all patients to choose the best vein and site for access.RESULTS: There were 317 patients identified with 41 D-AVFs, 120 MA-AVFs and 156 P-AVFs. Younger patients with a lower Charlson's Index were more frequent in the D-AVF group (p = 0.02). Mean operating room time was 15 minutes longer for the MA-AVF group than the two others (p = 0.018). Early failure (thrombosis at 30-day), one-year patency, one-year primary AVF functional patency for the D-AVF, MA-AVF, and P-AVF groups were 2.4% (n = 1), 8% (n = 1), 3.8% (n = 6), (p = 0.14); 97.6% (n = 39), 99% (n = 117), 89% (n = 129), (p<0.001); 80.5% (n = 33), 75.8% (n = 91), and 61.5% (n = 96) (p<0.001), respectively. Reintervention for fistula maturation was required in 17% (n = 7), 23% (n = 28), and 24% (n = 38) (p<0.01). The one-year venipuncture hematoma and steal syndrome occurrences were 9.7% (n = 4), 6.7% (n = 8), 3.8% (n = 6) (p = 0.06); and 0%, 0% and 3.8% (n = 6) (p = 0.04), respectively. In case of failure of either MA-AVF or D-AVF, a P-AVF was always feasible as a second native AVF hemodialysis access.CONCLUSIONS: D-AVF is still the gold-standard access for hemodialysis. If D-AVF is not possible, MA-AVF should be always investigated before committing to a P-AVF.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical', 'Brachial Artery', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Graft Occlusion, Vascular', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Italy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Operative Time', 'Radial Artery', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Retreatment', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Upper Extremity', 'Vascular Patency', 'Veins', 'Young Adult']
| 28,777,417
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E04.035.087', 'E04.100.814.868.249'], ['A07.015.114.139'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C23.550.767.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.614.374.500', 'N02.421.585.753.374.500'], ['A07.015.114.740'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['E02.887'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['A01.378.800'], ['G09.330.920'], ['A07.015.908'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The hetC gene is a direct target of the NtcA transcriptional regulator in cyanobacterial heterocyst development.
|
The heterocyst is the site of nitrogen fixation in aerobically grown cultures of some filamentous cyanobacteria. Heterocyst development in Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 is dependent on the global nitrogen regulator NtcA and requires, among others, the products of the hetR and hetC genes. Expression of hetC, tested by RNA- DNA hybridization, was impaired in an ntcA mutant. A nitrogen-regulated, NtcA-dependent putative transcription start point was localized at nucleotide -571 with respect to the hetC translational start. Sequences upstream from this transcription start point exhibit the structure of the canonical cyanobacterial promoter activated by NtcA, and purified NtcA protein specifically bound to a DNA fragment containing this promoter. Activation of expression of hetC during heterocyst development appears thus to be directly operated by NtcA. NtcA-mediated activation of hetR expression was not impaired in a hetC mutant, indicating that HetC is not an NtcA-dependent element required for hetR induction.
|
['ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters', 'Anabaena', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Base Sequence', 'DNA Primers', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Nitrogen', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'Plant Proteins', 'Plasmids', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Transcription Factors', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 10,542,167
|
[['D12.776.157.530.100', 'D12.776.395.550.020', 'D12.776.543.550.192', 'D12.776.543.585.100'], ['B03.280.100', 'B03.440.475.100.100', 'B03.585.051'], ['D12.776.097'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G05.308.300'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611'], ['D12.776.765'], ['G05.360.600'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
E1Cold cytotoxic antibodies in kidney graft recipients.
|
Serial serum samples from 39 renal allograft recipients were screened for cold and warm cytotoxic antibodies before and after grafting. In the group of patients who developed antibodies only after grafting, 6 had cytotoxins reactive at 37 degree C and 5 had cytotoxins reactive at 15 degree. At one year, all the patients with cold alloantibodies has functioning grafts, but none of the patients with warm antibodies had kept their graft. In three patients with cold antibodies, the cytotoxins reacted with a subpopulation of cells enriched in B lymphocytes but not with T cells eluted from nylon wool columns. This suggests that certain kinds of antibodies which appear in the blood after grafting may have enhancing properties.
|
['Cold Temperature', 'Humans', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Lymphotoxin-alpha', 'Transplantation, Homologous']
| 322,591
|
[['G01.906.595.272', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.300', 'G16.500.750.775.710.300', 'N06.230.300.100.725.154', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.480.438', 'D12.644.276.374.750.500', 'D12.776.467.374.480.438', 'D12.776.467.374.750.500', 'D23.529.374.480.438', 'D23.529.374.750.500'], ['E04.936.864']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Amino acid and lipid profiles following pig-to-primate liver xenotransplantation.
|
As outcomes in clinical liver transplantation steadily improve, demand continues to exceed supply, leading to a substantial disparity in organ availability. The translation of porcine liver xenotransplantation (LXT) into a clinical reality aims to address this dilemma. Our laboratory has previously established an applicable model of á-1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout (GalT-KO) pig-to-primate LXT with continuous human coagulation factor infusion and costimulation blockade. This report aims to further investigate the post-LXT lipid and amino acid metabolism profile in our longest surviving recipients (25 and 29 days). Experimental samples and control samples, consisting of pre-transplant porcine and baboon serum and plasma, were analyzed for standard lipid profiles and for amino acid levels. Lipid profiles of LXT recipients remained stable following xenotransplantation compared to donor porcine baseline levels. Amino acid concentrations also remained similar to baseline controls, with the exception of a 3-fold increase in l-ornithine and more than a 10-fold decrease in l-arginine post-transplant when compared to both porcine and baboon baseline levels. The observed changes in l-arginine are consistent with prior studies investigating the effects of graft preservation injury following liver transplantation. These results indicate that the porcine liver can maintain most biochemical profiles stably post-operatively in baboons and suggest that arginine supplementation post-LXT may potentially be useful for further prolongation of xenograft survival.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Animals', 'Animals, Genetically Modified', 'Graft Rejection', 'Graft Survival', 'Heterografts', 'Humans', 'Lipids', 'Liver', 'Liver Transplantation', 'Papio', 'Swine', 'Transplantation, Heterologous']
| 30,443,967
|
[['D12.125'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.136', 'B05.620.136'], ['G12.875.545.328'], ['G12.875.545.340'], ['A01.941.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D10'], ['A03.620'], ['E02.095.147.725.490', 'E04.210.650', 'E04.936.450.490', 'E04.936.580.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.610'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['E04.936.764']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Money earlier or later? Simple heuristics explain intertemporal choices better than delay discounting does.
|
Heuristic models have been proposed for many domains involving choice. We conducted an out-of-sample, cross-validated comparison of heuristic models of intertemporal choice (which can account for many of the known intertemporal choice anomalies) and discounting models. Heuristic models outperformed traditional utility-discounting models, including models of exponential and hyperbolic discounting. The best-performing models predicted choices by using a weighted average of absolute differences and relative percentage differences of the attributes of the goods in a choice set. We concluded that heuristic models explain time-money trade-off choices in experiments better than do utility-discounting models.
|
['Delay Discounting', 'Heuristics', 'Humans', 'Judgment', 'Models, Psychological', 'Reward', 'Time Factors']
| 25,911,124
|
[['F02.463.785.373.346.700'], ['F02.463.425.725.500', 'F02.463.785.810.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.785.626'], ['E05.599.695'], ['F02.463.425.770.836'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Induction of tolerance to innocuous inhaled antigen relies on a CCR7-dependent dendritic cell-mediated antigen transport to the bronchial lymph node.
|
Allergic airway diseases such as asthma are caused by a failure of the immune system to induce tolerance against environmental Ags. The underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms that initiate tolerance are only partly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that a CCR7-dependent migration of both CD103+ and CD103- lung dendritic cells (DC) to the bronchial lymph node (brLN) is indispensable for this process. Although inhaled Ag is amply present in the brLN of CCR7-deficient mice, T cells cannot be tolerized because of the impaired migration of Ag-carrying DC and subsequent transport of Ag from the lung to the draining lymph node. Consequently, the repeated inhalation of Ag protects wild-type but not CCR7-deficient mice from developing allergic airway diseases. Thus, the continuous DC-mediated transport of inhaled Ag to the brLN is critical for the induction of tolerance to innocuous Ags.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Antigens', 'Antigens, CD', 'Bronchi', 'Cell Movement', 'Dendritic Cells', 'Immune Tolerance', 'Integrin alpha Chains', 'Intubation, Intratracheal', 'Lung', 'Lymph Nodes', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Ovalbumin', 'Receptors, CCR7', 'Receptors, Chemokine']
| 17,082,654
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.050'], ['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['A04.411.125'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['A11.066.270', 'A11.436.270', 'A15.382.066.270', 'A15.382.670.260'], ['G12.535.425'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.408.100'], ['E02.041.500', 'E02.585.578', 'E05.497.578'], ['A04.411'], ['A10.549.400', 'A15.382.520.604.412'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.644.861.557', 'D12.776.034.614', 'D12.776.256.159.157.663', 'D12.776.290.663', 'D12.776.872.557'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.160.150.700', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.125.150.700'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.160', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.125']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Calculating the mean amplitude of glycemic excursion from continuous glucose monitoring data: an automated algorithm.
|
BACKGROUND: Glycemic variability is currently under scrutiny as a possible predictor of the complications of diabetes. The manual process for estimating a now classical measure of glycemic variability, the mean amplitude of glycemic excursion (MAGE), is both tedious and prone to error, and there is a special need for an automated method to calculate the MAGE from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data.METHODS: An automated algorithm for identifying the peaks and nadirs corresponding to the glycemic excursions required for the MAGE calculation has been developed. The algorithm takes a column of timed glucose measurements and generates a plot joining the peaks and nadirs required for estimating the MAGE. It returns estimates of the MAGE for both upward and downward excursions, together with several other indices of glycemic variability.RESULTS: Details of the application of the algorithm to CGM data collected over a 48-h period are provided, together with graphical illustrations of the intermediate stages in identifying the peaks and nadirs required for the MAGE. Application of the algorithm to 104 CGM datasets (92 from children with diabetes and 12 from controls) generated plots that, on visual inspection, were all found to have identified the peaks, nadirs, and excursions correctly.CONCLUSIONS: The proposed algorithm eliminates the tedium and/or errors of manually identifying and measuring countable excursions in CGM data in order to estimate the MAGE. It can also be used to calculate the MAGE from "sparse" blood glucose measurements, such as those collected in home blood glucose monitoring.
|
['Algorithms', 'Blood Glucose', 'Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring', 'Child', 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male']
| 21,291,334
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.105', 'E01.370.374.100', 'E01.370.520.100', 'E02.900.950.500', 'E05.200.124.100.105'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.245.380', 'E05.318.740.300', 'L01.313.500.750.190.380', 'N05.715.360.750.300', 'N06.850.520.830.300'], ['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Associations between pornography consumption and sexual practices among adolescents in Sweden.
|
Pornography consumption and sexual behaviour were studied, with an aim to investigate any associations. Participants were 718 students from 47 high school classes, mean age 18 years, in a medium-sized Swedish city. More men (98%) than women (72%) had ever consumed pornography. More male high consumers than low consumers or women got sexually aroused by, fantasized about, or tried to perform acts seen in a pornographic film (P<0.001). Three-quarters of the sample had had sexual intercourse, of which 71% reported contraceptive use at first intercourse. Anal intercourse was reported by 16%, with infrequent condom use (39%). Intercourse with a friend (adjusted odds ratio (adj. OR) 2.29; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.27-4.12) was significantly associated with high consumption of pornography among men, while anal intercourse (adj. OR 1.99; 95% CI 0.95-4.16) and group sex (adj. OR 1.95; 95% CI 0.70-5.47) tended to be associated. A significant confounder was early age of sexual debut (adj. OR 1.49; 95% CI 1.18-1.88).
|
['Adolescent', 'Adolescent Behavior', 'Erotica', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Sexual Behavior']
| 15,807,936
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F01.145.022'], ['K01.517.414', 'L01.178.682.441'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.802']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The polyphosphate kinase plays a negative role in the control of antibiotic production in Streptomyces lividans.
|
The polyphosphate kinase gene (ppk) from Streptomyces lividans, which encodes a 774-amino-acid protein (86.4 kDa) showing extensive homology to other bacterial polyphosphate kinases, was cloned by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using oligonucleotides derived from the putative ppk gene from the closely related species, Streptomyces coelicolor. In vitro, the purified Ppk was shown to be able to synthesize the polyphosphate [poly(P)] from ATP (forward reaction) as well as to regenerate ATP from the poly(P) in the presence of an excess of ADP (reverse reaction). In conditions of poly(P) synthesis, a phosphoenzyme intermediate was detected, indicating an autophosphorylation of the enzyme in the presence of ATP. The ppk gene was shown to be transcribed as a monocistronic mRNA from a unique promoter. Its transcription was only detectable during the late stages of growth in liquid minimal medium. A mutant strain interrupted for ppk was characterized by increased production of the antibiotic actinorhodin on rich R2YE solid medium (0.37 mM KH2PO4 added). This production was enhanced on the same medium with no KH2PO4 added but was completely abolished by the addition of 1.48 mM KH2PO4. In the ppk mutant strain, this increased production correlated with enhanced transcription of actII-ORF4 encoding the specific activator of the actinorhodin pathway. In that strain, the transcription of redD and cdaR, encoding the specific activators of the undecylprodigiosin and calcium-dependent antibiotic biosynthetic pathways, respectively, was also increased but to a lesser extent. The enhanced expression of these regulators did not seem to be related to increased relA-dependent ppGpp synthesis, as no obvious increase in relA expression was observed in the ppk mutant strain. These results suggested that the negative regulatory effect exerted by Ppk on antibiotic biosynthesis was most probably caused by the repression exerted by the endogenous Pi, resulting from the hydrolysis of the poly(P) synthesized by Ppk, on the expression of the specific activators of the antibiotic biosynthetic pathways.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Base Sequence', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phosphotransferases (Phosphate Group Acceptor)', 'Spectinomycin', 'Streptomyces', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 11,929,542
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['G05.308.300'], ['G05.308.320'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D08.811.913.696.650'], ['D03.383.188.712', 'D03.633.300.835', 'D09.408.051.836'], ['B03.300.390.400.810.768', 'B03.510.024.997.775', 'B03.510.415.400.810.768', 'B03.510.460.410.810.768'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Biochemical mechanisms for regulating protrusion by nematode major sperm protein.
|
Crawling motion is ubiquitous in eukaryotic cells and contributes to important processes such as immune response and tumor growth. To crawl, a cell must adhere to the substrate, while protruding at the front and retracting at the rear. In most crawling cells protrusion is driven by highly regulated polymerization of the actin cytoskeleton, and much of the biochemical network for this process is known. Nematode sperm utilize a cytoskeleton composed of Major Sperm Protein (MSP), which is considered to form a simpler, yet similar, crawling motility apparatus. Key components involved in the polymerization of MSP have been identified; however, little is known about the chemical kinetics for this system. Here we develop a model for MSP polymerization that takes into account the effects of several of the experimentally identified cytosolic and membrane-bound proteins. To account for some of the data, the model requires force-dependent polymerization, as is predicted by Brownian ratchet mechanisms. Using the tethered polymerization ratchet model with our biochemical kinetic model for MSP polymerization, we find good agreement with experimental data on MSP-driven protrusion. In addition, our model predicts the force-velocity relation that is expected for in vitro protrusion assays.
|
['Algorithms', 'Animals', 'Cell Movement', 'Computer Simulation', 'Helminth Proteins', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Models, Biological', 'Nematoda', 'Protein Multimerization', 'Sperm Motility', 'Spermatozoa']
| 19,651,033
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['L01.224.160'], ['D12.776.419'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.599.395'], ['B01.050.500.500.294'], ['G02.111.694'], ['E01.370.225.992.812', 'E05.200.992.812', 'G04.198.750'], ['A05.360.490.890', 'A11.497.760']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Stones in horseshoe kidneys: results of treatment by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and endourology.
|
We report the results of 7 patients with calculi in a horseshoe kidney treated by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL, 9 renal units) and percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (3 renal units) during a 3-year period. In the ESWL only group complete stone clearance was achieved in only 3 patients (50%) after an average of 3 sessions of therapy. On the other hand, complete stone clearance was achieved by percutaneous nephrolithotripsy with minimal complications. The poorer results with ESWL were due to difficulty in ultrasonographic localization of stones as well as poor drainage in these abnormal kidneys. Our experience with the Edap LT01 and the Sonolith 2000 lithotriptors suggests that while reasonable results are possible, treatment probably will require multiple sessions and the eventual outcome is less predictable than in normal kidneys. In contrast, the treatment of complicated stones in a horseshoe kidney presents no additional difficulty.
|
['Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kidney', 'Kidney Calculi', 'Lithotripsy', 'Male', 'Remission Induction']
| 1,942,263
|
[['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453'], ['C12.777.419.600.500', 'C12.777.967.249.500', 'C12.777.967.500.503', 'C13.351.968.419.600.500', 'C13.351.968.967.249.500', 'C13.351.968.967.500.503', 'C23.300.175.850.550'], ['E02.600', 'E04.943.500'], ['E02.860']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Activation of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase induces positive inotropy in intact mouse heart in vivo.
|
OBJECTIVE: We have recently identified an activation site on (Na+ + K+)-ATPase and found that binding of antibody SSA412 to this specific site of the enzyme markedly augments (Na+ + K+)-ATPase catalytic activity. Demonstration of whether activation of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase affects heart function in animal in vivo was the object of this investigation.METHODS: Male wild-type CD-1 mouse and specific antibody SSA412 were used for the study. A pressure-volume micromanometer-conductance catheter in anesthetized mouse assessed in vivo cardiac functions.RESULTS: Specific antibody SSA412 infusion in mouse shifted pressure-volume loop leftward with increased stroke volume and enhanced end-systolic elastance. Global systolic parameters such as ejection fraction and cardiac output, and load independent contractile parameters including dP/dtmax/IP, PMX/EDV, Ees, and PRSW, were all increased without any effect on relaxation following administration of SSA412. Cardiac preload indexed by EDV and afterload by ESP did not alter, suggesting that SSA412-enhanced myocardial performance is a direct cardiac effect caused by the activation of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase.CONCLUSION: Our study provides the first in vivo physiological evidence to demonstrate that activation of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase induces significant positive inotropic effect in intact animal heart. The finding may lead to new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of heart failure.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Muscle Cells', 'Myocardial Contraction', 'Myocardium', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase']
| 16,949,050
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['A11.620'], ['G09.330.580', 'G11.427.494.570'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.314.750', 'D12.776.157.530.450.162.780', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.880', 'D12.776.157.530.813.750', 'D12.776.543.585.450.162.800', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.890', 'D12.776.543.585.813.750']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Injection drug use and HIV antiretroviral therapy discontinuation in a Canadian setting.
|
We investigated whether drug-related behaviors predicted antiretroviral therapy (ART) discontinuation among a cohort of injection drug users (IDU) in a Canadian setting. Cox regression analyses were used to investigate the impact of drug use patterns on rates of ART discontinuation among a sample of HIV-positive IDU in Vancouver, Canada between May 1996 and April 2008. In total, 408 HIV-positive IDU initiated ART during the study period, among whom 257 (63.0%) discontinued ART at least once. Rates of ART discontinuation were not significantly elevated among those who reported ongoing injection of heroin, cocaine, or other illicit drugs in comparison to those who reported not injecting drugs. However, public drug use was significantly predictive of ART discontinuation. Our findings may contribute to a reconsideration of the role of active drug use in determining retention in ART programs among IDU.
|
['Adult', 'Anti-HIV Agents', 'Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active', 'CD4 Lymphocyte Count', 'Canada', 'Drug Users', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Medication Adherence', 'Middle Aged', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Regression Analysis', 'Retention, Psychology', 'Risk Factors', 'Self Report', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Substance Abuse, Intravenous', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Viral Load', 'Young Adult']
| 22,249,956
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.388.077.088'], ['E02.319.310.075'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595.500.150', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595.500.150', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595.500.150', 'E05.200.625.107.595.500.150', 'E05.242.195.107.595.500.150', 'G04.140.107.595.500.150', 'G09.188.105.595.500.150'], ['Z01.107.567.176'], ['M01.169'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.600.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500.600.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500.600.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['F02.463.425.540.772'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.500'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['C25.775.793', 'F03.900.793'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E01.370.225.875.950', 'E05.200.875.950', 'G06.920.850'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Clinical safety and activity of pembrolizumab in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (KEYNOTE-028): preliminary results from a non-randomised, open-label, phase 1b trial.
|
BACKGROUND: Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a highly aggressive cancer with poor prognosis and few treatment options following progression on platinum-containing chemotherapy. We assessed the safety and efficacy of pembrolizumab (an anti-programmed cell death receptor 1 [PD-1] antibody) in advanced solid tumours expressing programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and report here on the interim analysis of the malignant pleural mesothelioma cohort.METHODS: Previously treated patients with PD-L1-positive malignant pleural mesothelioma were enrolled from 13 centres in six countries. Patients received pembrolizumab (10 mg/kg every 2 weeks) for up to 2 years or until confirmed progression or unacceptable toxicity. Key eligibility criteria included measurable disease, failure of standard therapy, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1. PD-L1 positivity was defined as expression in 1% or more of tumour cells by immunohistochemistry. Response was assessed based on investigator review using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST; version 1.1). Primary endpoints were safety and tolerability, analysed in the all-patients-as-treated population, and objective response, analysed for the full-analysis set. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02054806, and is ongoing but not recruiting participants.FINDINGS: As of June 20, 2016, 25 patients received pembrolizumab. 16 (64%) patients reported a treatment-related adverse event; the most common adverse event were fatigue (six [24%]), nausea (six [24%]), and arthralgia (five [20%]). Five (20%) patients reported grade 3 treatment-related adverse events. Three (12%) patients required dose interruption because of immune-related adverse events: one (4%) of 25 each had grade 3 rhabdomyolysis and grade 2 hypothyroidism; grade 3 iridocyclitis, grade 1 erythema multiforme, and grade 3 erythema; and grade 2 infusion-related reaction. No treatment-related deaths or discontinuations occurred. Five (20%) patients had a partial response, for an objective response of 20% (95% CI 6·8-40·7), and 13 (52%) of 25 had stable disease. Responses were durable (median response duration 12·0 months [95% CI 3·7 to not reached]); two patients remained on treatment at data cutoff.INTERPRETATION: Pembrolizumab appears to be well tolerated and might confer anti-tumour activity in patients with PD-L1-positive malignant pleural mesothelioma. Response durability and efficacy in this patient population warrants further investigation.FUNDING: Merck.
|
['Aged', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Arthralgia', 'B7-H1 Antigen', 'Fatigue', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mesothelioma', 'Middle Aged', 'Nausea', 'Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'Pleural Neoplasms', 'Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors', 'Retreatment']
| 28,291,584
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['C05.550.091', 'C23.888.592.612.094', 'F02.830.816.444.350', 'G11.561.790.444.350'], ['D12.776.465.625', 'D12.776.467.150.300', 'D12.776.543.095.300', 'D23.050.301.285.400', 'D23.529.168.300'], ['C23.888.369'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.470.035.510', 'C04.557.470.660.510'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.888.821.712'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.250'], ['C04.588.894.797.640', 'C08.528.694', 'C08.785.640'], ['E01.789.800.379', 'N04.761.559.590.800.569', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.569'], ['E02.887']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Techniques and clinical outcomes of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in adult patients with beta-thalassemias.
|
Beta-thalassemia, which results from a reduced production of beta-globin chain of hemoglobin, is a common single gene disorder with an extremely heterogeneous clinical picture. Its presentation may vary from mild anemia in beta-thalassemia minor to severe and life-threatening anemia in beta-thalassemia major. Recent advances in supportive treatment of beta-thalassemia major have resulted in substantial increase in survival in these patients, and an increasing number of these patients reach adolescence and adulthood. The incidence of cholelithiasis is reported to be increased in these patients. Although laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has become the gold standard treatment of symptomatic gallstone disease, its experience in adult beta-thalassemic patients has been limited. From May 1992 through April 2000, 10 consecutive adult beta-thalassemic patients with symptomatic gallstone underwent LC at our institution. Data were obtained on the type of beta-thalassemia, presentation, preoperative laboratory findings, history of preoperative transfusion, postoperative complications, postoperative analgesic requirement, length of hospital stay, and follow-up. All operations were completed laparoscopically. The mean operative time was 98.5 minutes. The postoperative analgesic requirement was minimal. There was no mortality. One patient developed fever postoperatively due to lung atelectasis that was managed conservatively. The mean hospital stay was 3 days. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is feasible, safe, and effective in the treatment of adult beta-thalassemic patients with symptomatic gallstone disease. Technical adjustments are required when operating on patients with beta-thalassemia major.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic', 'Cholelithiasis', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Time Factors', 'beta-Thalassemia']
| 12,819,500
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.210.120.172.140', 'E04.502.250.520.160'], ['C06.130.409'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['G01.910.857'], ['C15.378.071.141.150.875.150', 'C15.378.420.826.150', 'C16.320.070.875.150', 'C16.320.365.826.150']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[A case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the cheek in adolescence. Its cytological diagnosis by fine-needle aspiration via the gingival fornix].
|
The authors present a case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the cheek in a young patient. The histological diagnosis, on the tumoral mass, was preceded by cytological researches with fine needle aspiration biopsy, carried out on the gingival fornix. The cytology, by immunocytochemical techniques, made possible the diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma. Therefore the authors stress the high capacity of these cytochemical and immunocytochemical methods to demonstrate, not in a invasive way, the small round cell tumors of the skull and the neck in the youngs. This early diagnosis may orient the clinical and therapeutic management of the case.
|
['Adolescent', 'Biopsy, Needle', 'Cheek', 'Cytodiagnosis', 'Fatal Outcome', 'Female', 'Gingiva', 'Humans', 'Mouth Mucosa', 'Mouth Neoplasms', 'Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal']
| 8,170,452
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.119', 'E01.370.225.998.054.119', 'E01.370.388.100.100', 'E04.074.119', 'E04.665.100', 'E05.200.500.384.100.119', 'E05.200.998.054.119', 'E05.242.384.100.119'], ['A01.456.505.173', 'A14.194'], ['E01.370.225.500.384', 'E05.200.500.384', 'E05.242.384'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.325', 'N01.224.935.698.201', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.325', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.325'], ['A14.549.167.646.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A10.615.550.599', 'A14.549.512'], ['C04.588.443.591', 'C07.465.530'], ['C04.557.450.590.550.660.675', 'C04.557.450.795.550.660.675']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Galectin-1 Controls the Proliferation and Migration of Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells and Their Interaction With Hepatocarcinoma Cells.
|
Galectin-1 (Gal1), a â-galactoside-binding protein elevated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its expression correlates with HCC growth, invasiveness, and metastasis. During the early stages of HCC, transforming growth factor â1 (TGF-â1 ) acts as a tumor suppressor; however in advanced stages, HCC cells lose their cytostatic response to TGF-â1 and undergo EMT. Here, we investigated the role of Gal1 on liver endothelial cell biology, and the interplay between Gal1 and TGF-â1 in HCC progression. By Western blot and immunofluorescence, we analyzed Gal1 expression, secretion and localization in HepG2 and HuH-7 human HCC cells, and in SK-HEP-1 human liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs). We used loss-of-function and gain-of-function experiments to down- or up-regulate Gal1 expression, respectively, in HepG2 cells. We cultured SK-HEP-1 cells with conditioned media from HCC cells secreting different levels of Gal1, and demonstrated that Gal1 derived from tumor hepatocytes induced its own expression in SECs. Colorimetric and scratch-wound assays revealed that secretion of Gal1 by HCC cells induced SEC proliferation and migration. Moreover, by fluorescence microscopy we demonstrated that Gal1 promoted glycan-dependent heterotypic adhesion of HepG2 cells to SK-HEP-1 SECs. Furthermore, TGF-â1 induced Gal1 expression and secretion by HCC cells, and promoted HepG2 cell adhesion to SK-HEP-1 SECs through a Gal1-dependent mechanism. Finally, Gal1 modulated HepG2 cell proliferation and sensitivity to TGF-â1 -induced growth inhibition. Our results suggest that Gal1 and TGF-â1 might function coordinately within the HCC microenvironment to regulate tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis.
|
['Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Endothelial Cells', 'Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition', 'Galectin 1', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Hep G2 Cells', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Neovascularization, Pathologic', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta1', 'Tumor Microenvironment']
| 26,551,914
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A11.436.275'], ['G04.356.500'], ['D12.776.503.307.100'], ['G05.308.370'], ['A11.251.860.180.432', 'A11.436.348.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['C23.550.589.500'], ['D12.644.276.374.687.100', 'D12.644.276.954.775.100', 'D12.776.467.374.687.100', 'D12.776.467.942.775.100', 'D23.529.374.687.100', 'D23.529.942.775.100'], ['G04.366.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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1'-Acetoxychavicol acetate isolated from Alpinia galanga ameliorates ovalbumin-induced asthma in mice.
|
The World Health Organization reports that 235 million people are currently affected by asthma. This disease is associated with an imbalance of Th1 and Th2 cells, which results in the upregulation of cytokines that promote chronic inflammation of the respiratory system. The inflammatory response causes airway obstruction and can ultimately result in death. In this study we evaluated the effect of 1'-acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA) isolated from Alpinia galanga rhizomes in a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma. To generate the mouse model, BALB/c mice were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection of OVA and then challenged with OVA inhalation for 5 days. Mice in the vehicle control group were sensitized with OVA but not challenged with OVA. Treatment groups received dexamethasone, 25 mg/kg/day ACA, or 50 mg/kg/day ACA for 5 days. Asthma-related inflammation was assessed by bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cell counts and histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of lung tissues. Our results showed that ACA reduced the infiltration of white blood cells (especially eosinophils) and the level of IgE in the lungs of mice challenged with OVA and suppressed histopathological changes such as airway remodeling, goblet-cell hyperplasia, eosinophil infiltration, and glycoprotein secretion. In addition, ACA inhibited expression of the Th2 cytokines interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13, and Th1 cytokines IL-12á and interferon-ã. Because asthmatic reactions are mediated by diverse immune and inflammatory pathways, ACA shows promise as an antiasthmatic drug candidate.
|
['Alpinia', 'Animals', 'Anti-Asthmatic Agents', 'Asthma', 'Benzyl Alcohols', 'Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid', 'Cytokines', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Eosinophils', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Ovalbumin']
| 23,451,048
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.618.937.900.033'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.796.050'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['D02.033.160', 'D02.455.426.559.389.140.200'], ['E05.927.100.500'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['A11.118.637.415.345', 'A11.627.340.345', 'A15.145.229.637.415.345', 'A15.382.490.315.251'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['D12.644.861.557', 'D12.776.034.614', 'D12.776.256.159.157.663', 'D12.776.290.663', 'D12.776.872.557']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Deconvoluting Kinase Inhibitor Induced Cardiotoxicity.
|
Many drugs designed to inhibit kinases have their clinical utility limited by cardiotoxicity-related label warnings or prescribing restrictions. While this liability is widely recognized, designing safer kinase inhibitors (KI) requires knowledge of the causative kinase(s). Efforts to unravel the kinases have encountered pharmacology with nearly prohibitive complexity. At therapeutically relevant concentrations, KIs show promiscuity distributed across the kinome. Here, to overcome this complexity, 65 KIs with known kinome-scale polypharmacology profiles were assessed for effects on cardiomyocyte (CM) beating. Changes in human iPSC-CM beat rate and amplitude were measured using label-free cellular impedance. Correlations between beat effects and kinase inhibition profiles were mined by computation analysis (Matthews Correlation Coefficient) to identify associated kinases. Thirty kinases met criteria of having (1) pharmacological inhibition correlated with CM beat changes, (2) expression in both human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and adult heart tissue, and (3) effects on CM beating following single gene knockdown. A subset of these 30 kinases were selected for mechanistic follow up. Examples of kinases regulating processes spanning the excitation-contraction cascade were identified, including calcium flux (RPS6KA3, IKBKE) and action potential duration (MAP4K2). Finally, a simple model was created to predict functional cardiotoxicity whereby inactivity at three sentinel kinases (RPS6KB1, FAK, STK35) showed exceptional accuracy in vitro and translated to clinical KI safety data. For drug discovery, identifying causative kinases and introducing a predictive model should transform the ability to design safer KI medicines. For cardiovascular biology, discovering kinases previously unrecognized as influencing cardiovascular biology should stimulate investigation of underappreciated signaling pathways.
|
['Calcium', 'Heart', 'Humans', 'Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells', 'Myocytes, Cardiac', 'Protein Kinase Inhibitors', 'Protein Kinases', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction']
| 28,453,775
|
[['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['A07.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.872.040.500', 'A11.872.700.500'], ['A07.541.704.570', 'A10.690.552.750.570', 'A11.620.500'], ['D27.505.519.389.755'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682'], ['E05.393.620.500.725']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Cytologic diagnosis of echinococcosis.
|
An asymptomatic echinococcal cyst of the liver discovered during laparotomy was initially diagnosed by cytologic smears. The case probably represents an aseptic necrosis of the parasitic elements in which the cytologic diagnosis had to be based on the presence of the characteristic echinococcal hooklets alone. Subsequent histologic examination of the cyst revealed degenerated scolices, as well as detached hooklets. This paper illustrates the usefulness of cytologic smears in the definitive diagnosis of echinococcosis and cites other cases in the literature in which the disgnosis was made by cytology. Also included is a brief review of the pathology and laboratory diagnosis of the disease.
|
['Adult', 'Cytodiagnosis', 'Echinococcosis, Hepatic', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Testicular Neoplasms']
| 294,763
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Aggressive outpatient treatment of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome with ascites using transvaginal culdocentesis and intravenous albumin minimizes hospitalization.
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PURPOSE: To assess the effectiveness of outpatient treatment of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome associated with ascites.METHODS: Forty-eight patients diagnosed with ovarian hyperstimulation and ascites from 2,246 consecutive in vitro fertilization cycles were retrospectively studied. Patients were treated with outpatient transvaginal culdocentesis and rehydration with intravenous crystalloids and albumin every 1-3 days until resolution of symptoms or hospitalization was required. Outcomes measured included incidences of hospitalization, pregnancy outcomes, cycle characteristics, and oocyte donors versus nondonors comparisons.RESULTS: No complications occurred from outpatient treatments, and 91.6% of patients avoided hospitalization. The pregnancy rate in patients undergoing transfer was 84.7%, and the spontaneous loss rate was 16%. Overall, the estradiol on day of hCG was 4331 pg/mL (range 2,211-8,167), ascites removed was 1910 cm3 (122-4,000), and number of outpatient treatments was 3.4 (1-14). Nondonors averaged more outpatient treatments than donors (3.97 vs. 1.85), but similar rates of hospitalization (3/35 vs. 1/13).CONCLUSIONS: Outpatient treatment consisting of culdocentesis, intravenous rehydration, and albumin minimized the need for hospitalization in hyperstimulated patients.
|
['Adult', 'Albumins', 'Ambulatory Care', 'Ascites', 'Female', 'Fertilization in Vitro', 'Humans', 'Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome', 'Paracentesis', 'Pregnancy', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Vagina']
| 12,036,082
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D12.776.034'], ['E02.760.106', 'N02.421.585.106'], ['C23.550.081'], ['E02.875.800.750', 'E05.820.800.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C13.351.500.056.630.642', 'C19.391.630.642'], ['E01.370.225.998.329', 'E02.309.805', 'E02.800.550', 'E04.237.667', 'E04.665.600', 'E05.200.998.329'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['A05.360.319.779']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Xenopus laevis CB1 cannabinoid receptor: molecular cloning and mRNA distribution in the central nervous system.
|
In the present research we isolated and characterized Xenopus laevis CB1 cannabinoid receptor mRNA. The CB1 coding sequence shows a high degree of identity with those of other vertebrates, mammals included, confirming that CB1 receptor is conserved over the course of vertebrate evolution. Notably, the similarity between the X. laevis CB1 sequence and that of the urodele amphibian Taricha granulosa is not higher than the similarity existing between Xenopus and mammals, thus supporting phylogenetic distance between anurans and urodeles. By means of in situ hybridization histochemistry, CB1 mRNA expression and distribution was investigated in the X. laevis central nervous system. As revealed, CB1 mRNA-containing neurons are numerous in the prosencephalon, especially in the olfactory bulbs, telencephalic pallium, and hypothalamus. In the midbrain and hindbrain, labeled cells were observed in the mesencephalic tegmentum and dorsolateral romboencephalon. Abundant CB1 mRNA positive neurons are localized throughout the gray matter of the spinal cord, in particular in the dorsal and ventral fields, where labeled motor neurons are also observed. The distribution of CB1 mRNA in the Xenopus CNS is generally consistent with the CB1-like-immunohistochemistry results we have previously obtained, showing in amphibians a well developed cannabinergic system almost comparable to that described in mammals. However, some differences, such as the abundance of CB1 mRNA-containing neurons in the olfactory system and the rich CB1 spinal innervation, are found.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Brain', 'Central Nervous System', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Female', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1', 'Spinal Cord', 'Tissue Distribution', 'Vertebrates', 'Xenopus laevis']
| 12,900,919
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['A08.186'], ['E05.393.220'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.125.100'], ['A08.186.854'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949'], ['B01.050.150.900'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.610.500.562']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Detection of retinoid receptors in non-neoplastic canine lymph nodes and in lymphoma.
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This study evaluated the difference in retinoid receptor expression between non-neoplastic lymph nodes and nodal lymphoma in dogs. Retinoid receptor expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 32 canine lymph nodes. The lymph nodes had been previously diagnosed as non-neoplastic (6 normal and 7 hyperplastic lymph nodes) and B- and T-cell lymphoma (19 cases). Immunohistochemistry for retinoic acid receptors and retinoid-X receptors (and their subtypes á, â, and ã) was performed in all cases. In addition, immunohistochemistry for CD3 and CD79a was performed in all lymphoma cases. Non-neoplastic lymphocytes were negative for all retinoid receptors. Retinoic acid receptor-ã was detected in 100% of B-cell lymphoma and 78% of T-cell lymphoma, while retinoid X receptor-ã was positive in 78% of T-cell lymphoma cases. When normal lymph node architecture was still present, a contrast between retinoid-negative benign cells and retinoid-positive malignant cells was clear. Retinoid receptors were expressed in neoplastic, but not in benign lymphocytes, suggesting their value for both diagnosis and treatment of canine lymphoma.
|
['Animals', 'Dog Diseases', 'Dogs', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Lymph Nodes', 'Lymphoma, B-Cell', 'Lymphoma, T-Cell', 'Retinoid X Receptors']
| 24,381,339
|
[['B01.050'], ['C22.268'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['G05.308.370'], ['A10.549.400', 'A15.382.520.604.412'], ['C04.557.386.480.150', 'C15.604.515.569.480.150', 'C20.683.515.761.480.150'], ['C04.557.386.480.750', 'C15.604.515.569.480.750', 'C20.683.515.761.480.750'], ['D12.776.826.701.500', 'D12.776.930.775.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Genotype-phenotype correlations in cystic fibrosis: clinical severity of mutation S549R(T-->G).
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With a view to assessing genotype-to-phenotype correlations in cystic fibrosis (CF), the clinical presentation of CF children from the United Arab Emirates (UAE) who were homozygous for cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) mutation S549R(T-->G was investigated. This mutation is localized in intron 11 (nucleotide binding domain 1 of the CFTR protein) and had so far been described as a private mutation only. The associations between the R549/R549 genotype and 20 outcome variables, including age at diagnosis, sweat chloride concentrations, growth percentiles, meconium ileus, pancreatic sufficiency, pulmonary disease, associated complications and micro-organism colonization were examined in a group of 15 CF children (9 females and 6 males). Mean current age and age at diagnosis were both low (5.4+/-3.5 and 1.0+/-1.1 yrs, respectively). Although none of the 15 CF patients had presented with meconium ileus at birth, all were pancreatic insufficient and had very severe lung disease, with a high rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Two patients died during the course of this investigation (one was 5 months and the other, 6 yrs old). The clinical presentation associated with S549R(T-->G) homozygosity in the United Arab Emirates is quite homogeneous and shows an extreme degree and course of cystic fibrosis severity.
|
['Child, Preschool', 'Cystic Fibrosis', 'Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator', 'Female', 'Genotype', 'Guanine', 'Homozygote', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mutation', 'Phenotype', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Thymine']
| 10,836,331
|
[['M01.060.406.448'], ['C06.689.202', 'C08.381.187', 'C16.320.190', 'C16.614.213'], ['D12.776.157.530.100.304.500', 'D12.776.157.530.400.175.125', 'D12.776.157.530.450.074.500.500.500.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.175.125', 'D12.776.543.585.100.304.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.175.125', 'D12.776.543.585.450.074.500.500.500.500'], ['G05.380'], ['D03.633.100.759.758.399.454'], ['G05.380.554'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.695'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.899']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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[Study on optimization of the required amount of mobile phase for preparative unit of simultaneous renaturation and purification of proteins].
|
Based on the stoichiometric displacement model for retention (SDM-R) in high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), the biopolymer retentions are mainly dominated by displacer's concentration in mobile phase. According to this conclusion, an equation is presented for evaluating the minimum amount of mobile phase used for the preparative purpose with the unit of simultaneous renaturation and purification of proteins (USRPP) by linear gradient elution. Furthermore, the resolution and refolding efficiency of lysozyme were found to be independent of the flow-rate and gradient time when the amount of mobile phase was kept constant. The conclusions were tested by experiments and a good coincidence was obtained.
|
['Biopolymers', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Cytochrome c Group', 'Macromolecular Substances', 'Muramidase', 'Myoglobin', 'Protein Renaturation']
| 12,545,437
|
[['D05.750.078', 'D25.720.099', 'J01.637.051.720.099'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D08.244.286', 'D12.776.422.220.286'], ['D05'], ['D08.811.277.450.642'], ['D12.776.210.500.588', 'D12.776.422.316.940'], ['G01.154.651.501.500', 'G02.111.688.501.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of Ubtan - A traditional indian skin care formulation.
|
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: 'Ubtan' is a traditional herbal formulation in the Indian system of medicine being used in India and its subcontinent for a long time. Several commercial skin care formulations are marketed throughout this region as the name of Ubtan. Therefore, it is worthwhile to evaluate Ubtan in respect of its efficacy as skin care formulation.AIM OF THE STUDY: The present study was designed for the preparation of Ubtan and standardization through the chromatographic techniques by using suitable phyto-markers. Further, its antioxidant, sun protection factor (SPF) and anti-tyrosinase potential have been explored.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four in-house formulations (UF-1, UF-2, UF-3 and UF-4) were prepared by mixing a varied quantity of each powdered plants, i.e. turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and sandalwood (Santalum album L.). Optimization of the formulations was made by evaluating its biological activity through in vitro assay. Evaluation of physicochemical properties of the optimized formulation (UF-1) has been carried out by analysis of pH, flow properties and stability. Moreover, RP-HPLC (reverse phase - high performance liquid chromatography) and HPTLC (high performance thin layer chromatography) standardization of UF-1 was performed for its quantitative and qualitative analysis.RESULTS: Ubtan formulations (UF-1to UF-4) showed free radical scavenging and ferric reducing potential. It may be due to its high phenolic and flavonoid content. Statistically, significant Pearson's correlation (r) was confirmed the positive correlation between phenolic content and SPF of the formulations. The tyrosinase inhibition study indicated that the formulations showed both diphenolase and monophenolase inhibitory activity. Among four formulations, UF-1 showed notable biological activity (p<0.05). The content of curcumin and ascorbic acid was found to be 1.6% and 2.1% w/w respectively in UF-1 through RP-HPLC estimation. Physiochemical properties of the UF-1 exhibited good flow rate and aqueous solubility. From the stability studies, it can be anticipated that the UF-1 was stable at 40°C for longer periods. Microbial load count and heavy metal content (lead-Pb, arsenic-As, mercury-Hg and cadmium-Cd) of the formulation was also within the permissible limit of a pharmacopeial standard.CONCLUSION: This scientific exploration helps to set the quality and safety standard of traditional cosmetic formulation, Ubtan and its further use as an herbal skin care product.
|
['Antioxidants', 'Ascorbic Acid', 'Bacterial Load', 'Biphenyl Compounds', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Chromatography, Reverse-Phase', 'Chromatography, Thin Layer', 'Cicer', 'Consumer Product Safety', 'Curcuma', 'Curcumin', 'Dermatologic Agents', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Compounding', 'Drug Contamination', 'Drug Stability', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Ferricyanides', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'India', 'Medicine, Traditional', 'Metals, Heavy', 'Monophenol Monooxygenase', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Phytotherapy', 'Picrates', 'Plant Preparations', 'Plants, Medicinal', 'Powders', 'Quality Control', 'Rheology', 'Risk Assessment', 'Santalum', 'Skin Care', 'Solubility', 'Spectrophotometry, Atomic', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet', 'Sunscreening Agents']
| 27,416,804
|
[['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D02.241.081.844.107', 'D02.241.511.902.107', 'D09.811.100'], ['E01.370.225.875.150.115', 'E01.370.225.875.220.115', 'E05.200.875.150.115', 'E05.200.875.220.115', 'G06.099.100'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.185'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['E05.196.181.400.495'], ['E05.196.181.400.537'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.150'], ['N06.850.210'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.618.937.900.166'], ['D02.455.326.146.485.222.222', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.200', 'D02.455.426.559.694.222'], ['D27.505.954.444'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E05.916.270'], ['N06.850.360'], ['E05.916.330'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['D01.248.497.158.291.350', 'D01.490.100.300', 'D01.625.400.100.325'], ['G02.300'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['E02.190.488', 'I01.076.201.450.654'], ['D01.268.556', 'D01.552.544'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.125.500'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['E02.190.755'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.566.690', 'D02.640.743.690'], ['D20.215.784'], ['B01.650.560'], ['D26.255.779'], ['J01.897.608'], ['E05.830', 'H01.671.808'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.884.833'], ['E02.547.800'], ['G02.805'], ['E05.196.712.726.551', 'E05.196.867.826.551'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802'], ['D27.505.696.706.776.800', 'D27.505.954.444.695', 'D27.720.269.800', 'D27.720.799.763.764']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
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| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
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Increase of binucleated cells in the oral mucosa: a study on the use of psychotropics by students of a Brazilian institution.
|
This study aimed to assess the prevalence of medical and nonmedical use of psychiatric medication among undergraduate students of health sciences from a public university in Brasil. Another objective was to determine the frequency of nuclear morphological abnormalities in the buccal mucosa of students using psychiatric drugs. A cross-sectional study based on a Web survey was carried out with 375 health sciences undergraduate students from schools of Pharmacy, Physical Education, Nutrition, and Medicine. Additionally, spontaneous genetic damages in exfoliated cells of the buccal mucosa of 41 individuals by counting micronucleus (MN) and binucleated (BN) cells frequencies were evaluated. The results showed 76 (20.3%) of students reported the use of psychotropic drugs after enrolling in university. The majority of these students were from Pharmacy and Medicine programs, females, aged between 18-25 years old, nonsmokers, alcohol addicts, and with a family history of mental illness. In addition, Medical students, individuals with high-income, who live alone and are in the last period of the program are more likely to use psychotropic drugs. Moreover, exposure to psychiatric medication was able to increase the number of binucleated cells. These results provide evidence that the use of psychoactive drugs is increased in the academic context and may be related to the failure of the cell cycle.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Brazil', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Drug Misuse', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Micronucleus Tests', 'Mouth Mucosa', 'Psychotropic Drugs', 'Risk Factors', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Students, Health Occupations', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Universities', 'Young Adult']
| 31,340,319
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E02.319.306'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.393.560.598'], ['A10.615.550.599', 'A14.549.512'], ['D27.505.954.427.700'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['M01.848.769'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['I02.783.830', 'J03.832.830'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Enhancing embryo yield in superovulated holstein heifers by immunization against inhibin.
|
Eight heifers, aged 16-17 months and showing normal oestrous cycles, were immunized against a recombinant porcine inhibin alpha subunit immunogen, together with another 10 heifers of the same age as controls and treated with placebo immunogen. Primary (1 mg immunogen) and two booster (0.5 mg immunogen each) immunizations were administered at 28-day intervals. Ten days after the second booster immunization, both groups of heifers underwent a superovulation treatment. Each animal was given an intravaginal progesterone releasing sponge, which was withdrawn 7 days following an i.m. injection of 0.5 mg cloprostenol. Heifers were treated with FSH for 4 days and artificially inseminated after oestrus occurred. The embryos were flushed and evaluated 7 days after insemination. Immunization significantly (p < 0.01) increased blood antibody titres against recombinant porcine inhibin alpha subunit, from pre-immunizaion and control values of approximately 0.06 of ELISA 450 nm reading to 0.6 to 0.7 after two or three immunizations. The immunized heifers produced on average 15.8 +/- 2.8 embryos, significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the yield of 8.3 +/- 1.5 in the controls. The number of transferable embryos were non-significantly higher in immunized than in control heifers (9.6 +/- 3.1 vs 5.8 +/- 1.6, p > 0.05). The peak plasma oestradiol concentrations were significantly higher in immunized than in control heifers, both immediately after FSH treatment and 20 days thereafter. Plasma P4 concentrations after superovulation were in the range of 20 ng / ml in the immunized heifers, significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the values approximately 15 ng / ml in control heifers. These results indicated that prior immunization against inhibin alpha subunit stimulated production of antibodies against inhibin, which enhanced follicular developmental response to superovulation and lead to higher yield of total and transferable embryos. Therefore immunization combined with the conventional superovulatory gonadotrophin treatment, can be a simple and efficient method to produce low cost bovine embryos.
|
['Administration, Intravaginal', 'Animals', 'Antibodies', 'Breeding', 'Cattle', 'Cloprostenol', 'Embryo Transfer', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Follicle Stimulating Hormone', 'Immunization', 'Inhibins', 'Insemination, Artificial', 'Luteolytic Agents', 'Pregnancy', 'Progesterone', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Superovulation', 'Tissue and Organ Harvesting']
| 18,694,421
|
[['E02.319.267.120.500'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['E05.820.150', 'G05.090'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.775.500.175', 'D23.469.050.175.725.775.500.175', 'D23.469.700.670.175'], ['E02.875.800.500', 'E05.820.800.500'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.288', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.288', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.288'], ['E02.095.465.425.400', 'E05.478.550', 'N02.421.726.758.310', 'N06.850.780.200.425', 'N06.850.780.680.310'], ['D06.472.334.968', 'D06.472.699.337', 'D12.644.548.387', 'D12.776.395.439'], ['E02.875.800.937', 'E05.820.800.937', 'G08.686.784.363.492'], ['D27.505.696.875.360.276.450', 'D27.505.696.875.360.360.875', 'D27.505.696.875.610', 'D27.505.954.705.360.276.450', 'D27.505.954.705.360.360.875', 'D27.505.954.705.610'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E02.875.800.984.500', 'E05.820.800.984.500', 'G08.686.784.690.768'], ['E04.936.537']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Enhancing the value of women's reproductive rights through community based interventions in upper Egypt governorates: a randomized interventional study.
|
BACKGROUND: In 2012, the WHO described the quality of health care as the route to equity and dignity for women and children.AIM OF THE WORK: To provide community based support and empowerment to women in childbearing period to seek optimal prenatal, natal and postnatal healthcare. Achieving this is anticipated to decrease maternal morbidity and mortality in Egypt.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: An interventional study was conducted among women in childbearing period in the poorest two governorates of Upper Egypt. The study passed through three stages over three and a half years; pre-interventional assessment of awareness (n = 1000), educational interventions targeting the health providers and all women in childbearing period in their communities (n = 20,494), and post-intervention evaluation of change in awareness of their rights for prenatal, natal and postnatal care (no = 1150).RESULTS: The studied indicators relating to receiving care in pregnancy, labor, and puerperium have changed dramatically as a result of the study interventions. Results of the study showed that before interventions, the surveyed women had inaccurate knowledge regarding most of the items related to their rights. The percentages of women aware of their right to have pregnancy card increased and those who possessed a pregnancy card were doubled with a significant percent change of more than 25%. Some indicators showed more than 75% improvement, including; percent of surveyed women who knew that it's their right to follow up their pregnancy and to deliver with a specialized doctor, a trained nurse or at an equipped health facility, and those who knew their right to have at least two home preparations necessary for safe delivery at home.CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS: More work is needed in order to achieve the targeted reduction of maternal mortality. This could be achieved by ensuring accessible and high quality care provided by the governmental health facilities together with increasing the awareness of women regarding their rights in receiving such care.
|
['Community Health Services', 'Egypt', 'Female', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Maternal Mortality', 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care', 'Postnatal Care', 'Pregnancy', 'Prenatal Care', 'Reproductive Rights', "Women's Rights"]
| 31,533,741
|
[['N02.421.143'], ['Z01.058.266.317'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.500', 'N01.224.935.698.653', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.500', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.500'], ['F01.100.150.750.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500'], ['E02.760.703.500', 'N02.421.143.620.550.500', 'N02.421.585.703.500'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E02.760.786', 'N02.421.143.620.704', 'N02.421.585.786'], ['I01.880.604.473.675', 'N03.706.437.675'], ['I01.880.604.473.850', 'N03.706.437.850']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Computer program to generate operant schedules.
|
A computer program for programming schedules of reinforcement is described. Students can use the program to experience schedules of reinforcement that are typically used with nonhuman subjects. A cumulative recording of a student's responding can be shown on the screen and/or printed with the computer's printer. The program can also be used to program operant schedules for animal subjects. The program was tested with human subjects experiencing fixed ratio, variable ratio, fixed interval, and variable interval schedules. Performance for human subjects on a given schedule was similar to performance for nonhuman subjects on the same schedule.
|
['Conditioning, Operant', 'Humans', 'Psychology, Experimental', 'Reinforcement Schedule', 'Software']
| 12,109,020
|
[['F02.463.425.179.509'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.096.628.729'], ['F02.463.425.770.644'], ['L01.224.900']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Phenylbutanoids and stilbene derivatives of Rheum maximowiczii.
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The methanol extract of the dried roots of Rheum maximowiczii afforded four phenylbutanoid and two stilbene derivatives. Their structures were established on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic studies.
|
['Butanols', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Plant Extracts', 'Plant Roots', 'Plants, Medicinal', 'Polygonaceae', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom Bombardment', 'Stilbenes', 'Uzbekistan']
| 11,249,105
|
[['D02.033.415.110', 'D10.289.110'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['A18.400'], ['B01.650.560'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.825'], ['E05.196.566.750'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700'], ['Z01.252.100.975', 'Z01.542.931.975', 'Z01.586.950.975']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Effect of a long-term treatment with metformin in dystrophic mdx mice: A reconsideration of its potential clinical interest in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
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The pharmacological stimulation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) via metabolic enhancers has been proposed as potential therapeutic strategy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Metformin, a widely-prescribed anti-hyperglycemic drug which activates AMPK via mitochondrial respiratory chain, has been recently tested in DMD patients in synergy with nitric oxide (NO)-precursors, with encouraging results. However, preclinical data supporting the use of metformin in DMD are still poor, and its actions on skeletal muscle appear controversial. Therefore, we investigated the effects of a long-term treatment with metformin (200 mg/kg/day in drinking water, for 20 weeks) in the exercised mdx mouse model, characterized by a severe mechanical-metabolic maladaptation. Metformin significantly ameliorated histopathology in mdx gastrocnemius muscle, in parallel reducing TGF-â1 with a recovery score (r.s) of 106%; this was accompanied by a decreased plasma matrix-metalloproteinase-9 (r.s. 43%). In addition, metformin significantly increased mdx diaphragm twitch and tetanic tension ex vivo (r.s. 44% and 36%, respectively), in spite of minor effects on in vivo weakness. However, no clear protective actions on dystrophic muscle metabolism were observed, as shown by the poor metformin effect on AMPK activation measured by western blot, on the expression of mechanical-metabolic response genes analyzed by qPCR, and by the lack of fast-to-slow fiber-type-shift assessed by SDH staining in tibialis anterior muscle. Similar results were obtained in the milder phenotype of sedentary mdx mice. The lack of metabolic effects could be, at least partly, due to metformin inability to increase low mdx muscle levels of l-arginine, l-citrulline and taurine, found by HPLC. Our findings encourage to explore alternative, metabolism-independent mechanisms of action to differently repurpose metformin in DMD, supporting its therapeutic combination with NO-sources.
|
['Animals', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Isometric Contraction', 'Male', 'Metformin', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Inbred mdx', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne', 'Organ Culture Techniques', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 29,684,379
|
[['B01.050'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E02.319.283'], ['D27.505.696.422'], ['G11.427.494.472'], ['D02.078.370.141.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.265'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['C05.651.534.500.300', 'C10.668.491.175.500.300', 'C16.320.322.562', 'C16.320.577.300'], ['E05.481.500.484'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Reconstitution of the peridinin-chlorophyll a protein (PCP): evidence for functional flexibility in chlorophyll binding.
|
The coding regions for the N-domain, and full length peridinin-chlorophyll a apoprotein (full length PCP), were expressed in Escherichia coli. The apoproteins formed inclusion bodies from which the peptides could be released by hot buffer. Both the above constructs were reconstituted by addition of a total pigment extract from native PCP. After purification by ion exchange chromatography, the absorbance, fluorescence excitation and CD spectra resembled those of the native PCP. Energy transfer from peridinin to Chl a was restored and a specific fluorescence activity calculated which was approximately 86% of that of native PCP. Size exclusion analysis and CD spectra showed that the N-domain PCP dimerized on reconstitution. Chl a could be replaced by Chl b, 3-acetyl Chl a, Chl d and Bchl using the N-domain apo protein. The specific fluorescence activity was the same for constructs with Chl a, 3-acetyl Chl a, and Chl d but significantly reduced for those made with Chl b. Reconstitutions with mixtures of chlorophylls were also made with eg Chl b and Chl d and energy transfer from the higher energy Qy band to the lower was demonstrated.
|
['Carotenoids', 'Chlorophyll', 'Chlorophyll A', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Protozoan Proteins', 'Spectrum Analysis']
| 16,172,941
|
[['D02.455.326.271.665.202', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249', 'D02.455.849.131', 'D23.767.261'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.374', 'D03.633.400.909.374', 'D04.345.783.374'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.374.140', 'D03.633.400.909.374.140', 'D04.345.783.374.140'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D12.776.820'], ['E05.196.867']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Nonalcoholic Fatty liver disease is associated with increased carotid intima-media thickness only in type 2 diabetic subjects with insulin resistance.
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CONTEXT: The association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and subclinical atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes is controversial.OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to investigate the participation of insulin resistance in the association of NAFLD and the carotid atherosclerotic burden in a large cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: This was an observational study performed in 4437 consecutively enrolled patients with type 2 diabetes.MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: Hepatic steatosis and mean carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT) were measured using ultrasonography. Insulin resistance was assessed using the short insulin tolerance test.RESULTS: The prevalence of NAFLD was 72.7% in the whole study population. Among subjects with NAFLD, 23.2% were not insulin resistant. There were significant differences in C-IMT and the frequency of carotid atherosclerosis between groups classified by insulin resistance within the same NAFLD strata. C-IMT was highest in subjects with both NAFLD and insulin resistance [0.844 ± 0.004 (mean ± SE) mm vs 0.786 ± 0.008, 0.821 ± 0.007, and 0.807 ± 0.006 mm, P for trend <.001, respectively, in insulin sensitive subjects without NAFLD, insulin resistant subjects without NAFLD, and insulin sensitive subjects with NAFLD]. These differences remained after adjusting for potential confounders. However, C-IMT in subjects having only NAFLD or insulin resistance was not higher than that in those with neither NAFLD nor insulin resistance.CONCLUSIONS: NAFLD is very common in subjects with type 2 diabetes, but NAFLD not accompanied by insulin resistance is not associated with a carotid atherosclerotic burden. However, having both NAFLD and insulin resistance seemed to be an independent predictor of increased C-IMT.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Carotid Arteries', 'Carotid Artery Diseases', 'Carotid Intima-Media Thickness', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Fatty Liver', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Male', 'Metabolic Syndrome', 'Middle Aged', 'Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease', 'Risk Factors']
| 24,512,497
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A07.015.114.186'], ['C10.228.140.300.200', 'C14.907.253.123'], ['E01.370.350.850.150', 'E01.370.370.180', 'G09.330.210'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['C06.552.241'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['C18.452.394.968.500.570', 'C18.452.625'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C06.552.241.519'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Functional and phylogenetic diversity as predictors of biodiversity--ecosystem-function relationships.
|
How closely does variability in ecologically important traits reflect evolutionary divergence? The use of phylogenetic diversity (PD) to predict biodiversity effects on ecosystem functioning, and more generally the use of phylogenetic information in community ecology, depends in part on the answer to this question. However, comparisons of the predictive power of phylogenetic diversity and functional diversity (FD) have not been conducted across a range of experiments. To address how phylogenetic diversity and functional trait variation control biodiversity effects on biomass production, we summarized the results of 29 grassland plant experiments where both the phylogeny of plant species used in the experiments is well described and where extensive trait data are available. Functional trait variation was only partially related to phylogenetic distances between species, and the resulting FD values therefore correlate only partially with PD. Despite these differences, FD and PD predicted biodiversity effects across all experiments with similar strength, including in subsets that excluded plots with legumes and that focused on fertilization experiments. Two- and three-trait combinations of the five traits used here (leaf nitrogen percentage, height, specific root length, leaf mass per unit area, and nitrogen fixation) resulted in the FD values with the greatest predictive power. Both PD and FD can be valuable predictors of the effect of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning, which suggests that a focus on both community trait diversity and evolutionary history can improve understanding of the consequences of biodiversity loss.
|
['Biodiversity', 'Conservation of Natural Resources', 'Models, Biological', 'Phylogeny', 'Plants']
| 21,905,424
|
[['G16.500.275.157.049', 'N06.230.124.049'], ['J01.256', 'N06.230.080'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['B01.650']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Plaque-forming cells in man. III. Generation of plaque-forming cells in allogeneic in vitro cultures of HLA-D/DR-incompatible B and T lymphocytes.
|
We have investigated the ability of allogeneic, irradiated T lymphocytes to induce proliferation and immunoglobulin (Ig) secretion in untreated peripheral blood B lymphocytes. Non-mitogen-activated co-cultures of isolated T and B lymphocytes from selected, full-house HLA-A,B and D/DR antigen-phenotyped donors were reconstituted in a ratio of 4:1. Proliferation was assessed on day 5-6 of culture by the 3H-thymidine incorporation technique, and the Ig secretion was monitored on day 6 with a protein A plaque-forming cell (PFC) assay. B lymphocytes were able to differentiate into PFC, and the number of plaques was significantly higher in cultures of cells with two HLA-D/DR antigen incompatibilities than in those sharing one antigen. In cultures of peripheral blood lymphocytes with no HLA-D/DR antigen difference, only a few PFC developed. HLA-A and B antigens had no influence on the response. Further, monocytes were not an absolute requirement for allogeneic activation of B cells. Sonicated T cells and culture supernatants from allogeneic T- and B-cells cultures were not able to induce PFC formation in B lymphocytes. Our results indicate that the PFC response obtained in non-mitogen-activated cultures of allogeneic T and B lymphocytes is dependent on HLA-D/DR disparity or on genes encoded in the HLA-D/DR region.
|
['Antibody-Producing Cells', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Cell Differentiation', 'HLA-DR Antigens', 'Hemolytic Plaque Technique', 'Histocompatibility Antigens Class II', 'Humans', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed', 'Monocytes', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 6,233,695
|
[['A11.063', 'A15.382.032'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['G04.152'], ['D12.776.395.550.509.400.440', 'D12.776.543.550.440.400.440', 'D23.050.301.500.400.400.440', 'D23.050.301.500.450.400.440', 'D23.050.705.552.410.400.440', 'D23.050.705.552.450.400.440'], ['E01.370.225.812.375', 'E05.200.812.375', 'E05.478.594.375'], ['D12.776.395.550.509', 'D12.776.543.550.440', 'D23.050.301.500.400', 'D23.050.705.552.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['E01.370.225.812.385.475', 'E05.200.812.385.475', 'E05.478.594.385.429'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Upregulation of co-stimulatory molecule expression and dendritic cell marker (CD83) on B cells in periodontal disease.
|
T cells and their cytokines are well known for their important role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. To date, the role of antigen presenting cells (APCs), which are known to be critical in the regulation of T cell response, has been poorly investigated in periodontitis. In this study, we analyzed the expression of co-stimulatory molecules (CD80 and CD86) and CD83, which is a marker of mature dendritic cells, on gingival cells that were isolated from severe periodontitis tissues, with the use of flow cytometry. Significant upregulation of CD86 and CD83 expression was detected in periodontitis lesions, and most of this occurred on B cells. In vitro peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures showed that stimulation with different periodontopathic bacteria, that included Porphyromonas gingivalis, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, and Actinomyces viscosus, upregulated both CD86 and CD83 expression on B cells. Therefore, the presence of plaque bacteria may be responsible for the enhanced expression seen in vivo on gingival B cells. APC function by bacterial-activated B cells was further investigated using allogeneic mixed leukocyte reactions. After 24 h culture with either A. actinomycetemcomitans or P. gingivalis, these activated B cells performed as potent APCs in mixed leukocyte reactions, and they stimulated T cells to produce high levels of gamma interferon and minimal interleukin-5. In conclusion, periodontopathic bacterial-induced B cell activation with upregulation of CD86 and CD83 may be associated with enhanced APC function. The results of this study suggest, therefore, that infiltrated gingival B cells have a possible role as APCs in the regulation and maintenance of local T cell response in periodontitis.
|
['Adult', 'Antigen-Presenting Cells', 'Antigens, CD', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'B7-1 Antigen', 'B7-2 Antigen', 'Bacteria, Anaerobic', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Dental Plaque', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Gingiva', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulins', 'Immunologic Memory', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Interleukin-5', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Periodontitis', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Up-Regulation']
| 12,113,551
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A11.066', 'A15.382.066'], ['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['D12.776.467.150.100', 'D12.776.543.095.100', 'D23.050.301.285.100', 'D23.529.168.100'], ['D12.776.465.500', 'D12.776.467.150.200', 'D12.776.543.095.200', 'D23.050.301.285.200', 'D23.529.168.200'], ['B03.130'], ['A11.251'], ['C07.793.208.377'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['A14.549.167.646.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485', 'D12.776.124.790.651', 'D12.776.377.715.548'], ['G12.450.050.500'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.202', 'D12.776.467.374.465.186', 'D23.529.374.465.202'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['E01.370.225.812.385.475', 'E05.200.812.385.475', 'E05.478.594.385.429'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['C07.465.714.533'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
p40/LAIR-1 regulates the differentiation of peripheral blood precursors to dendritic cells induced by granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor.
|
p40/LAIR-1, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is a surface molecule broadly distributed among leukocytes which has been shown to down-regulate T and NK cell activation. In this study, we show that p40/LAIR-1 is highly expressed in CD14+ peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). When cultured in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) for 10-14 days, CD14+ cells acquired morphologic and phenotypic features (i.e. loss of CD14 and expression of CD80bright and CD86bright) typical of dendritic cells (DC) and lost the expression of p40/LAIR-1. Engagement of p40/LAIR-1 (but not of CD58) by specific monoclonal antibodies prevented CD14+ PBMC differentiation into DC; when cultured in the presence of GM- CSF upon p40/LAIR-1 cross-linking, the resulting cells were CD14+CD80(dull)CD86(dull) and displayed a macrophage-like morphology. We have recently demonstrated that peripheral blood CD14+ cells co-expressing the CD34 progenitor marker represent the circulating precursors of CD83+ DC. Herein we show that cross-linking of p40/LAIR-1 prevented the maturation of CD14+CD34+ cells into CD83+ DC. This effect appears to be consequent to the impairment of GM-CSF receptor-mediated activation signaling. Indeed, triggering of GM-CSF receptors in both CD14+ and CD14+CD34+ cells led to increases in the intracellular free calcium concentrations which were inhibited by p40/LAIR-1 engagement. Taken together, these data suggest a possible regulating role played by p40/LAIR-1 in the process of differentiation from peripheral blood precursors into DC induced by GM-CSF.
|
['Calcium', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Dendritic Cells', 'Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cells', 'Humans', 'Receptors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor', 'Receptors, Immunologic']
| 9,692,876
|
[['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.066.270', 'A11.436.270', 'A15.382.066.270', 'A15.382.670.260'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.240.375', 'D12.776.395.240.300', 'D12.776.467.374.410.240.375', 'D23.529.374.410.240.375'], ['A11.148.378', 'A11.872.378', 'A15.378.316.378'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.150.310', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.200.420'], ['D12.776.543.750.705']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Metabolic asymmetry and the global diversity of marine predators.
|
Species richness of marine mammals and birds is highest in cold, temperate seas-a conspicuous exception to the general latitudinal gradient of decreasing diversity from the tropics to the poles. We compiled a comprehensive dataset for 998 species of sharks, fish, reptiles, mammals, and birds to identify and quantify inverse latitudinal gradients in diversity, and derived a theory to explain these patterns. We found that richness, phylogenetic diversity, and abundance of marine predators diverge systematically with thermoregulatory strategy and water temperature, reflecting metabolic differences between endotherms and ectotherms that drive trophic and competitive interactions. Spatial patterns of foraging support theoretical predictions, with total prey consumption by mammals increasing by a factor of 80 from the equator to the poles after controlling for productivity.
|
['Animals', 'Biodiversity', 'Birds', 'Body Temperature Regulation', 'Fishes', 'Food Chain', 'Mammals', 'Metabolism', 'Models, Biological', 'Oceans and Seas', 'Phylogeny', 'Predatory Behavior', 'Reptiles', 'Temperature']
| 30,679,341
|
[['B01.050'], ['G16.500.275.157.049', 'N06.230.124.049'], ['B01.050.150.900.248'], ['G07.110.232', 'G07.410.421', 'G16.012.500.535'], ['B01.050.150.900.493'], ['G16.500.275.157.250', 'N06.230.124.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649'], ['G03'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G01.311.625', 'G16.500.275.725.500.650', 'Z01.756'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['F01.145.113.111.600', 'F01.145.113.252.520'], ['B01.050.150.900.833'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Effect of low-intensity laser irradiation on the process of bone repair.
|
The effect of low-intensity laser (GaAsAl) irradiation on bone repair in the femurs of mice was investigated. An experimental model of hole injury with surgery drills was used in 20 mouse femurs followed by a study of the effect of low-energy laser irradiation on bone repair. The experimental model was divided into two groups. The first (10 left femurs) received laser irradiation immediately after injury and was followed for different time intervals (24, 48, and 72 h). The right femurs (control group) underwent hole injury but no laser irradiation. The rats were sacrificed after 14 days and the results were analyzed using a quantitative histometrical method. The Mann-Whitney test was used to perform the statistical analysis. Histometrical analysis revealed a more rapid accumulation of reparative new bone in the hole injury of the laser-irradiated legs. We conclude that GaAsAl laser irradiation after injury was effective on bone repair when compared to results in the control group.
|
['Animals', 'Bone Regeneration', 'Femur', 'Low-Level Light Therapy', 'Male', 'Mice']
| 15,910,189
|
[['B01.050'], ['G11.427.213.140', 'G16.762.150.150'], ['A02.835.232.043.150'], ['E02.594.540', 'E02.774.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Phylogenetic analysis of actinobacterial populations associated with Antarctic Dry Valley mineral soils.
|
Despite the apparent severity of the environmental conditions in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Eastern Antarctica, recent phylogenetic studies conducted on mineral soil samples have revealed the presence of a wide diversity of microorganisms, with actinobacteria representing one of the largest phylotypic groups. Previous metagenomic studies have shown that the majority of Antarctic actinobacterial populations are classified as 'uncultured'. In this study, we assessed the diversity of actinobacteria in Antarctic cold desert soils by complementing traditional culture-based techniques with a metagenomic study. Phylogenetic analysis of clones generated with actinobacterium- and streptomycete-specific PCR primers revealed that the majority of the phylotypes were most closely related to uncultured Pseudonocardia and Nocardioides species. Phylotypes most closely related to a number of rarer actinobacteria genera, including Geodermatophilus, Modestobacter and Sporichthya, were also identified. While complementary culture-dependent studies isolated a number of Nocardia and Pseudonocardia species, the majority of the cultured isolates (> 80%) were Streptomyces species--although phylotypes affiliated to the genus Streptomyces were detected at a low frequency in the metagenomic study. This study confirms that Antarctic Dry Valley desert soil harbours highly diverse actinobacterial communities and suggests that many of the phylotypes identified may represent novel, uncultured species.
|
['Actinobacteria', 'Antarctic Regions', 'Biodiversity', 'Cluster Analysis', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'DNA, Ribosomal', 'Genes, rRNA', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phylogeny', 'RNA, Bacterial', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid', 'Soil Microbiology']
| 19,278,445
|
[['B03.510.024', 'B03.510.460.400.400.049'], ['Z01.158'], ['G16.500.275.157.049', 'N06.230.124.049'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['D13.444.308.475'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645.750'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['D13.444.735.473'], ['D13.444.735.686.670'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.555', 'N06.850.425.300']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Improvement of pre- and post-processing environments of the dynamic two-dimensional reservoir model CE-QUAL-W2 based on GIS.
|
An Environmental Information System (EIS) coupled with a Geographic Information System (GIS) and water quality models is developed to improve the pre- and post-data processing function of CE-QUAL-W2. Since the accuracy of the geometric data in terms of a diverse water body has a great effect on the water quality variables such as the velocity, kinetic reactions, the horizontal and vertical momentum, to prepare the bathymetry information has been considered a difficult issue for modellers who intend to use the model. For identifying Cross Section and Profile Information (CSPI), which precisely contains hydraulic features and geographical configuration of a waterway, the automated CSPI extraction program has been developed using Avenue Language of the PC Arc/view package. The program consists of three major steps: (1) getting the digital depth map of a waterway using GIS techniques; (2) creating a CSPI data set of segments in each branch using the program for CE-QUAL-W2 bathymetry input; (3) selecting the optimal set of bathymetry input by which the calculated water volume meets the observed volume of the water body. Through those approaches, it is clear that the model simulation results in terms of water quality as well as reservoir hydraulics rely upon the accuracy of bathymetry information.
|
['Automation', 'Geographic Information Systems', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Quality Control', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Software', 'Water Movements', 'Water Pollutants', 'Water Supply']
| 15,137,156
|
[['J01.897.104'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.314', 'L01.470.750.750.462'], ['E05.599'], ['J01.897.608'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['L01.224.900'], ['G16.500.971', 'N06.230.132.644.750', 'N06.230.850'], ['D27.888.284.903'], ['J01.293.821.500']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
In vitro selection and characterization of new probiotic candidates from table olive microbiota.
|
To date, only a few studies have investigated the complex microbiota of table olives in order to identify new probiotic microorganisms, even though this food matrix has been shown to be a suitable source of beneficial lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Two hundred and thirty eight LAB, belonging to Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus pentosus and Leuconostoc mesenteroides species, and isolated from Nocellara Etnea table olives, have been screened in this survey through an in vitro approach. A simulation of transit tolerance in the upper human gastrointestinal tract, together with autoaggregation and hydrophobicity, have been decisive in reducing the number of LAB to 17 promising probiotics. None of the selected strains showed intrinsic resistances towards a broad spectrum of antibiotics and were therefore accurately characterized on an undifferentiated and 3D functional model of the human intestinal tract made up of H4-1 epithelial cells. As far as the potential colonization of the intestinal tract is concerned, a high adhesion ratio was observed for Lb. plantarum O2T60C (over 9%) when tested in the 3D functional model, which closely mimics real intestinal conditions. The stimulation properties towards the epithelial barrier integrity and the in vitro inhibition of L. monocytogenes adhesion and invasion have also been assessed. Lb. plantarum S1T10A and S11T3E enhanced trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and therefore the integrity of the polarized epithelium in the 3D model. Moreover, S11T3E showed the ability to inhibit L. monocytogenes invasion in the undifferentiated epithelial model. The reduction in L. monocytogenes infection, together with the potential enhancement of barrier integrity and an adhesion ratio that was above the average in the 3D functional model (6.9%) would seem to suggest the Lb. plantarum S11T3E strain as the most interesting candidate for possible in vivo animal and human trials.
|
['Bacterial Adhesion', 'Drug Resistance, Bacterial', 'Food Microbiology', 'Humans', 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'Lactobacillus', 'Metagenome', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Microbiota', 'Olea', 'Phylogeny', 'Probiotics']
| 24,714,329
|
[['G06.099.050'], ['G06.099.225', 'G06.225.347', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.332', 'J01.576.423.850.730.500.249.300', 'N06.850.425.200', 'N06.850.460.400.300', 'N06.850.601.500.249.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.556.124.369', 'A10.615.550.444'], ['B03.353.750.450.475', 'B03.510.460.400.410.475.475', 'B03.510.550.450.475'], ['G05.360.340.550'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['G06.591', 'G16.500.275.157.049.100.500', 'N06.230.124.049.100.500'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.583.640.666'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['G07.203.300.456.500', 'J02.500.456.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A novel type of microscopic size chip based on double-stranded nucleic acids.
|
The double-stranded molecules of nucleic acids (NA) of B- and A-families fixed in the structure of cholesteric liquid-crystalline dispersions, formed as a result of phase exclusion of these molecules from polymer-containing solution, have been used as 'building blocks' for the molecular design. Using the formation of polymeric chelate bridges between NA molecules, three-dimensional structures consisting of alternating NA, anthracycline and copper ions, were created. The formation of the polymeric chelate bridges allows one to stabilize the initial spatial mode of ordering of neighboring NA molecules in a form of so-called 'molecular constructions', immobilize these constructions onto supporting film and evaluate their sizes and shape. The creation of NA molecular constructions is accompanied by an 'extra-increase' in the amplitude of the bands in the CD spectra, despite the initial sense of cholesteric twisting characteristic of liquid-crystalline dispersions. Destroying of polymeric chelate bridges between NA molecules by action of biologically relevant compounds results in disintegration of NA liquid-crystalline molecular constructions. Three-dimensional NA molecular construction can be used as a microscopic size multifunctional chemical unit (chip) for biological or chemical needs.
|
['Circular Dichroism', 'Miniaturization', 'Nucleic Acids']
| 15,100,887
|
[['E05.196.867.151'], ['J01.897.520'], ['D13.444']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of the single nucleotide polymorphism at MDM2 309 on breast cancer patients with/without BRCA1/2 mutations.
|
BACKGROUND: A germ line single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the first intron of the gene encoding MDM2 at position 309, an important modulator of p53, has been described. BRCA1/2 mutation have been associated with increased rates of breast cancers with mutated P53. It was shown that the presence of MDM2 309 SNP correlated with younger cancer onset age in individuals with a p53 mutations. The differential effects of this SNP were also linked to estrogen receptor activation. Here we report on our study of 453 Ashkenazi breast cancer patients of whom 180 were positive for the known Ashkenazi BRCA1/2 mutationsMETHODS: DNA from breast cancer patients was obtained for analysis of one of the three common BRCA1/2 mutations and MDM2 SNP309. Data regarding cancer onset and death ages was obtained from our database and Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS statistical package (SPCC Inc., Chicago, IL), and JMP software (SAS Institute, Cary, NC).RESULTS: The percentage of MDM2 SNP309 in control and BRCA 1/2 population which is similar to that reported for other Jewish Ashkenazi populations at 52.2% for the heterozygotes and 25.0% for MDM2SNP309G/G and 22.8% for MDM2SNP309T/T.There was not a statistical significant difference in median age of disease onset in the different MDM2 SNP309 subgroups of the BRCA1/2 carriers. When we further divided the group into under and above 51 years old ( presumed menopause age) in the BRCA1 positive subset we found that there were less patients of the MDM2SNP309 G/G versus the MDM2SNP309 T/T in the over 51 patient group (p = 0.049). This result has been obtained in a relatively small subgroup and is of borderline statistical significance. Interestingly, in the BRCA1/2 mutation carriers, we found a survival advantage for patients harboring the SNP309 G/G genotype (p = 0.0086) but not for the 272 patients not harbouring this mutations.CONCLUSION: MDM2SNP309G/G main effect on BRCA1/2 positive mutation carriers is linked to its effect on patients survival. Further research is needed in order to understand the reason for this difference.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins', 'BRCA1 Protein', 'BRCA2 Protein', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Jews', 'Middle Aged', 'Mutation', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2', 'Survival Analysis']
| 19,226,467
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.644.360.075', 'D12.776.476.075'], ['D12.776.313.125', 'D12.776.624.776.100', 'D12.776.660.100', 'D12.776.744.100', 'D12.776.930.137'], ['D12.776.313.249', 'D12.776.624.776.101', 'D12.776.660.105'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['G05.330'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.686.754.600'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['D08.811.464.938.750.562', 'D12.776.624.664.700.185', 'D12.776.660.764'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
High-dose cyclophosphamide in multiple sclerosis patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation.
|
High-dose cyclophosphamide (CTX) is commonly used in preparation for autologous and allogeneic stem cell transplantation. CTX is a pro-drug, which undergoes complex oxidative metabolism with the metabolites being eliminated both renally and hepatically. In the following study, we evaluated the pharmacokinetic characteristics of high-dose CTX in three patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation for multiple sclerosis. The plasma concentration-time profiles for CTX and its hydroxy-metabolite were similar in multiple sclerosis patients to those reported in cancer patients undergoing stem cell transplantation. There was an increase in drug clearance after the second CTX dose indicating that the drug induced its own metabolism consistent with reports in other populations receiving high-dose CTX. One of the three patients cleared the drug slowly but this was not associated with greater toxicity. The patient with the slow clearance value and therefore highest drug exposure had stable disability scores at 2 years posttransplant compared with baseline values taken prior to transplantation. In conclusion, in this small case series, there was no indication that CTX metabolism was different than that in other populations undergoing transplantation.
|
['Adult', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Female', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multiple Sclerosis', 'Transplantation, Autologous']
| 12,586,609
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.730.243', 'D02.705.672.500.243'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.114.375.500', 'C10.314.350.500', 'C20.111.258.250.500'], ['E04.936.664']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Introduction of fluorine to phenyl group of 4-(2-pyrimidinylamino)benzamides leading to a series of potent hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitors.
|
In present study, a novel series of fluorine containing 4-(2-pyrimidinylamino)benzamide analogues were designed and synthesized. The hedgehog (Hh) signaling inhibitory activities for these compounds were evaluated by a luciferase reporter method. The preliminary SAR was discussed and many compounds showed potent Hh signaling inhibitory activities. Compound 15h displayed the most potent inhibitory activity, with an IC50 of 0.050nM. This paper finds the introduction of fluorine to the 4-(2-pyrimidinylamino)benzamide scaffold can lead to a novel series of potent Hh signaling pathway inhibitors.
|
['Animals', 'Benzamides', 'Drug Design', 'Halogenation', 'Hedgehog Proteins', 'Humans', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Signal Transduction', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 28,642,101
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.065.277', 'D02.241.223.100.100', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.085'], ['E05.290.500', 'H01.158.703.007.338.500', 'H01.181.466.338.500'], ['G02.111.323', 'G03.360'], ['D12.644.276.671', 'D12.776.467.671', 'D23.529.671'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of genotoxicity of oral exposure to tetravalent vanadium in vivo.
|
The trace element vanadium interacts with living cells, in which it exerts a variety of biological effects depending on its chemical form and oxidation state. Tetravalent vanadium was shown to affect several genotoxicity end-points in vitro, but its genotoxic potential in vivo is not elucidated. In this study, the genotoxic effects induced in vivo by subacute oral exposure to vanadyl sulphate (VOSO4), a tetravalent vanadium salt, were investigated. To this aim male CD1 mice were administered with VOSO4 in drinking water over the dose range 2-1000 mg/l for 5 weeks. The incidence of micronucleated blood reticulocytes was measured along treatment period. At the end of treatment, micronuclei in both blood reticulocytes and bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes were determined; in addition, DNA lesions detectable by comet assay were assessed in marrow and testicular cells. Tissue distribution of vanadium at sacrifice was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Comet assays and the analysis of micronuclei in polychromatic erythrocytes did not reveal treatment related effects. A slight increase in micronucleated reticulocytes, with no relationship with the administered dose, was observed in some treated groups. The determination of vanadium content in kidney, liver, spleen, bone, stomach, small intestine and testis highlighted low internal exposure, especially in soft tissues. Overall, data indicate scarce bioavailability for orally administered tetravalent vanadium, and lack of significant genotoxic potential in vivo.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Animals', 'Bone Marrow Cells', 'Comet Assay', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective', 'Mutagens', 'Reticulocytes', 'Time Factors', 'Tissue Distribution', 'Vanadium Compounds']
| 17,374,461
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.148', 'A15.378.316'], ['E05.196.401.153.150', 'E05.301.300.100.150', 'E05.393.560.150', 'E05.940.560.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['A11.284.430.106.570', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117.570', 'C23.550.210.570', 'G05.365.590.175.570'], ['D27.888.569.468'], ['A11.118.290.760', 'A11.148.790', 'A11.443.240.665', 'A15.145.229.334.760', 'A15.378.316.790'], ['G01.910.857'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949'], ['D01.960']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Seroprevalence study of tick borne encephalitis in Turin province.
|
BACKGROUND: Tick borne encephalitis (TBE) virus is diffused in some European countries and it is transmitted by tick bites. In Italy Isodex ricinus represents the main vector of the infection, that rarely produces the neurologic manifestations, characterising the secondary phase of the same.METHODS: In Italy TBE has been little studied and this only in the Middle and Northern regions of the country. Seroepidemiological researches were done prevalently on subjects at high risk of tick bite, such as hunters or forest guards and especially in Trentino and Tuscany. No precise information about TBE virus diffusion was disposable in the Piedmont region and particularly in the Susa valley where, before our investigation failed the data about it.RESULTS: We found that usual hunters and wild boar breeders seem to be particularly exposed to the risk of TBE virus infection, but none neurologic involvement was detected in the anamnesis of the significantly seropositive subjects and also of the borderline ones, that we have studied, despite the limited number of these subjects.CONCLUSIONS: Nevertheless we hope for a following extension of our case report, also in consideration that rare cases of encephalitis of unknown etiology, are signalled in Piedmont.
|
['Adult', 'Animals', 'Encephalitis, Tick-Borne', 'Humans', 'Italy', 'Predatory Behavior', 'Seroepidemiologic Studies', 'Sports']
| 12,094,141
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['C01.207.245.340.300.775', 'C01.207.399.750.300.775', 'C01.920.500.343.360', 'C01.920.930.400', 'C01.925.081.343.360', 'C01.925.182.525.300.350', 'C01.925.782.310.360', 'C01.925.782.350.250.500', 'C10.228.140.430.520.750.300.775', 'C10.228.228.245.340.300.775', 'C10.228.228.399.750.300.775'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['F01.145.113.111.600', 'F01.145.113.252.520'], ['E05.318.372.500.950', 'N05.715.360.330.500.950', 'N06.850.520.450.500.950'], ['I03.450.642.845']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Contribution of the maculo-ocular reflex to gaze stability in the rabbit.
|
The contribution of the maculo-ocular reflex to gaze stability was studied in 10 pigmented rabbits by rolling the animals at various angles of sagittal inclination of the rotation and/or longitudinal animal axes. At low frequencies (0.005-0.01 Hz) of sinusoidal stimulation the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) was due to macular activation, while at intermediate and high frequencies it was mainly due to ampullar activation. The following results were obtained: 1) maculo-ocular reflex gain decreased as a function of the cosine of the angle between the rotation axis and the earth's horizontal plane. No change in gain was observed when longitudinal animal axis alone was inclined. 2) At 0 degrees of rotation axis and with the animal's longitudinal axis inclination also set at 0 degrees, the maculo-ocular reflex was oriented about 20 degrees forward and upward with respect to the earth's vertical axis. This orientation remained constant with sagittal inclinations of the rotation and/or longitudinal animal axes ranging from approximately 5 degrees upward to 30 degrees downward. When the longitudinal animal axis was inclined beyond these limits, the eye trajectory tended to follow the axis inclination. In the upside down position, the maculo-ocular reflex was anticompensatory, oblique and fixed with respect to orbital coordinates. 3) Ampullo-ocular reflex gain did not change with inclinations of the rotation and/or longitudinal animal axes. The ocular responses were consistently oriented to the stimulus plane. At intermediate frequencies the eye movement trajectory was elliptic because of directional differences between the ampullo- and maculo-ocular reflexes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Animals', 'Head', 'Infrared Rays', 'Macula Lutea', 'Movement', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Posture', 'Rabbits', 'Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular', 'Rotation', 'Stereotaxic Techniques', 'Vestibule, Labyrinth', 'Vision, Ocular']
| 2,022,244
|
[['B01.050'], ['A01.456'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.552', 'G01.590.540.552', 'G01.750.250.650.552', 'G01.750.770.578.552', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.400', 'G16.500.750.775.525.400', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.400'], ['A09.371.729.522'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['E05.723.729'], ['G11.427.695'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['G07.888.937', 'G11.561.731.795'], ['G01.482.703'], ['E04.525.800', 'E05.873'], ['A09.246.300.909'], ['F02.830.816.964', 'G02.111.820.480.900', 'G04.835.480.900', 'G11.561.790.964', 'G14.935']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Legionella--a problem of technology?].
|
Protecting the health of the population is one of the main tasks faced by Public Health Offices; this will also be of fundamental importance for the future. To meet this challenge, this task must be dealt with in a qualified way. One example to demonstrate this is the comprehensive legionella screening conducted in all of the City of D?sseldorf's old age peoples' nursing homes and hospitals. In 65% of the 82 systems examined, there was positive proof of legionella occurrence, while in 59% a systematic legionella contamination was found to exist. Basing a figure of 10 KBE/ml as being relevant for causing infections, a total of 60 samples out of 323 samples taken remained to be positive, indicating a rate of 19.5%. Parts of areas of particular relevance for infection, such as intensive health care wards, also showed figures exceeding 10,000 KBE/ml. To cope with the task on hand, not only measuring procedures are being called for, but also examining the systems, working hand in hand with the plumber and the engineer. This applies both to prophylaxis and performing the required sanitation.
|
['Cross Infection', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Germany', 'Heating', 'Humans', 'Incidence', "Legionnaires' Disease", 'Risk Factors', 'Water Microbiology']
| 1,837,902
|
[['C01.248', 'C23.550.291.875.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['N06.230.150.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['C01.150.252.400.500.501', 'C01.748.382.380', 'C08.730.382.380'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.777', 'N06.850.425.450']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Severe cholestatic jaundice in hyperthyroidism after treatment with 131-iodine.
|
A 39-year-old white man was referred to our hospital for evaluation of his jaundice and pruritus. The patient was treated with I for diffuse toxic goiter prior to his referral to our hospital. Clinical examination and laboratory investigations excluded viral hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, granulomatous disease, primary biliary disease, extrahepatic biliary obstruction, and heart failure. Liver biopsy showed severe intrahepatic and canalicular cholestasis with minimal inflammatory changes. The patient's jaundice promptly resolved with therapy for hyperthyroidism and thyroid storm as bilirubin levels decreased from 35 mg/dL (normal: 0.5-1.2 mg/dL) to 0.4 mg/dL. Thyrotoxicosis can be an uncommon cause of profound cholestasis. Our case differs from all other reports in the literature because of the severity of the cholestasis and its prompt resolution with treatment for thyrotoxicosis.
|
['Adult', 'Bilirubin', 'Humans', 'Hyperthyroidism', 'Iodine Radioisotopes', 'Jaundice, Obstructive', 'Male']
| 15,599,331
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.249.184', 'D03.633.400.909.249.184', 'D04.345.783.249.184', 'D23.767.193.184'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C19.874.397'], ['D01.268.380.400.500.496', 'D01.496.448.496', 'D01.496.749.474'], ['C23.550.429.500.755', 'C23.888.885.375.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
T Cell Priming by Activated Nlrc5-Deficient Dendritic Cells Is Unaffected despite Partially Reduced MHC Class I Levels.
|
NLRC5, a member of the NOD-like receptor (NLR) protein family, has recently been characterized as the master transcriptional regulator of MHCI molecules in lymphocytes, in which it is highly expressed. However, its role in activated dendritic cells (DCs), which are instrumental to initiate T cell responses, remained elusive. We show in this study that, following stimulation of DCs with inflammatory stimuli, not only did NLRC5 level increase, but also its importance in directing MHCI transcription. Despite markedly reduced mRNA and intracellular H2-K levels, we unexpectedly observed nearly normal H2-K surface display in Nlrc5(-/-) DCs. Importantly, this discrepancy between a strong intracellular and a mild surface defect in H2-K levels was observed also in DCs with H2-K transcription defects independent of Nlrc5. Hence, alongside with demonstrating the importance of NLRC5 in MHCI transcription in activated DCs, we uncover a general mechanism counteracting low MHCI surface expression. In agreement with the decreased amount of neosynthesized MHCI, Nlrc5(-/-) DCs exhibited a defective capacity to display endogenous Ags. However, neither T cell priming by endogenous Ags nor cross-priming ability was substantially affected in activated Nlrc5(-/-) DCs. Altogether, these data show that Nlrc5 deficiency, despite significantly affecting MHCI transcription and Ag display, is not sufficient to hinder T cell activation, underlining the robustness of the T cell priming process by activated DCs.
|
['Animals', 'Antigen Presentation', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Membrane', 'Cross-Priming', 'Dendritic Cells', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Histocompatibility Antigens Class I', 'Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 26,944,927
|
[['B01.050'], ['G12.119', 'G12.450.050.400.070'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.284.149'], ['G12.450.050.400.545.150', 'G12.565.150'], ['A11.066.270', 'A11.436.270', 'A15.382.066.270', 'A15.382.670.260'], ['G05.308'], ['D12.776.395.550.489', 'D12.776.543.550.439', 'D23.050.301.500.100', 'D23.050.705.552.100'], ['D12.644.360', 'D12.776.476'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Stress and wellbeing among Turkish and German adolescents living in rural and urban areas.
|
INTRODUCTION: This study focuses on stress experiences and the psychological wellbeing of adolescents from rural and urban areas of Turkey and Germany. It also analyzes the role of social support, family problem solving and self-construals (independent vs interdependent) for stress and wellbeing in the different subsamples.METHODS: The total sample included 1850 high school students (500 Turkish urban, 771 Turkish rural, 268 German urban, and 311 German rural). The participants filled in questionnaires related to coping, self-construal, stress and wellbeing.RESULTS: The results indicated that the perception of stress is higher for Turkish adolescents than for German adolescents. Moreover, it was found that adolescents who live in rural parts experience more stress than their urban counterparts of both countries. In line with this, adolescents in rural regions report lower wellbeing than adolescents in urban regions. However, the latter difference between urban and rural regions is only salient for adolescents who live in Turkey. The search for possible factors associated with stress and wellbeing showed that coping variables related to social support and to solving family problems as well as variables related to the interdependent-independent distinction might be relevant as predictors. Most of the predicting variables showed non-moderated associations. There were only few moderations related to nation (Turkey vs Germany), location (urban vs rural) or sex.CONCLUSIONS: The current study leads to a better understanding of stress experiences and wellbeing of adolescents living in rural and urban areas. As a consequence, improving social systems, especially in developing countries, may support youths to cope with stress effectively and to improve their psychological wellbeing.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adolescent', 'Female', 'Germany', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Morbidity', 'Quality of Life', 'Rural Population', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Students', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Turkey', 'Urban Population']
| 25,016,302
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.057'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525', 'N01.224.935.597', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['N01.600.725'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['M01.848'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.252.245.500.850'], ['N01.600.900']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Assessing the kinetics of microbubble appearance in cirrhotic patients using transthoracic saline contrast-enhanced echocardiography.
|
BACKGROUND: The number of cardiac cycles that need to be reviewed by echocardiography before a significant intrapulmonary shunt can be excluded remains unclear.METHODS: We retrospectively identified patients with cirrhosis who underwent technetium-99 m-labeled macroaggregated albumin scanning. The kinetics of bubble appearance after the injection of agitated saline during transthoracic echocardiograms were assessed in these patients.RESULTS: For the 64 eligible patients, the mean ± SD age was 56 ± 9 years. The median (IQR) shunt fraction by radionuclide scanning was 7.7% (2.8%-19.9%). Microbubbles were seen in the left atrium (LA) and left ventricle (LV) at a median (IQR) of 4 (2-5) and 4 (2-5) beats, respectively. The number of heart cycles before microbubbles appeared in the LA or LV was inversely associated with the nuclear scanning shunt fraction (R = -0.42, P = .001, R = -0.46, P < .001, respectively). If no microbubbles were detected by heart cycle 7, the shunt fraction was uniformly less than 3%. Patients with arterial oxygen <60 mm Hg, compared to ?60 mm Hg, had earlier appearance of microbubbles in the left heart chambers (2.6 ± 1.9 vs 4.0 ± 2.3 beats, P = .046).CONCLUSIONS: In patients with advanced cirrhosis suspected of having hepatopulmonary syndrome, a greater shunt fraction during nuclear scanning was associated with more pronounced hypoxemia and a prompt and more intense appearance of microbubbles in the left-sided heart chambers. Patients with a shunt fraction above 3% have microbubbles in the LA or LV at some point during the first seven heart cycles.
|
['Contrast Media', 'Echocardiography', 'Female', 'Heart Diseases', 'Humans', 'Image Enhancement', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Male', 'Microbubbles', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sodium Chloride']
| 28,840,954
|
[['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['C14.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['C06.552.630', 'C23.550.355.412'], ['E07.553'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The lemA gene required for pathogenicity of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae on bean is a member of a family of two-component regulators.
|
The lemA gene of the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae is required for disease lesion formation on bean plants. Cosmid clones that complemented a lemA mutant in trans were isolated previously. The lemA gene was localized by subcloning and transposon mutagenesis. The lemA region and flanking DNA were sequenced, and an open reading frame of 2.7 kb was identified. The nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequences of the lemA gene showed sequence similarity to a family of prokaryotic two-component regulatory proteins. Unlike most of the previously described two-component systems, the lemA gene product contained homology to both components in one protein. Mutations introduced upstream and downstream of the lemA gene failed to locate a gene for a second protein component but identified the putative cysM gene of P. syringae pv. syringae. The cysM gene was located upstream of the lemA gene and was divergently transcribed. The lemA gene product was expressed at low levels in P. syringae pv. syringae and appeared to be positively auto-regulated.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Base Sequence', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA Transposable Elements', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'Histidine Kinase', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Multigene Family', 'Mutagenesis, Insertional', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Kinases', 'Protein Processing, Post-Translational', 'Pseudomonas', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid', 'Transcription Factors']
| 1,314,807
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D12.776.097'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.183'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308.520', 'G02.111.570.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.340.024.425.200'], ['G05.308.300'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.424'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['E05.393.420.601.550', 'G05.365.590.575', 'G05.558.550'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600', 'G02.111.691.600', 'G03.734.871.790.600', 'G05.308.670.600'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625', 'B03.660.250.580.590'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550'], ['D12.776.930']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Intensity of free radical process and antioxidant enzymes activity in human saliva and plasma under emotional stress].
|
The intensity of free radical processes (FRP) and the activity of antioxidant (AO) systems in human blood plasma and saliva were studied under physiological emotional strain and depressive pathologies (before and after treatment). The significant alterations in the dynamics of investigative indexes under different emotional strain were revealed. These alterations in saliva were more intensive than in blood plasma. The treatment led to the stabilization of FRP intensity and the activity of AO protection. The correlation between saliva and blood plasma parametres allows to use saliva for the estimation of emotional strain and of the efficiency of therapeutics under depressive pathologies.
|
['Adult', 'Antioxidants', 'Free Radicals', 'Humans', 'Saliva', 'Stress, Psychological']
| 10,761,217
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D01.339', 'D02.389'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A12.200.666'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Acid-base and electrolyte changes following maximal and submaximal exercise in hemodialysis patients.
|
Maximal treadmill exercise was conducted in nine hemodialysis patients and in 15 unconditioned healthy subjects. Exercise capacity in the dialysis patients, as measured by duration of exercise, maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max), and workload achieved (METS) was approximately 50% of that of the nonuremic volunteers. Four of the dialysis patients were studied on both dialysis (predialysis) and nondialysis days and also at 60% of VO2 max for 30 minutes on a nondialysis day. In these individuals, serum electrolytes, acid-base, and biochemical parameters were analyzed preexercise and at regular intervals following cessation of treadmill exercise. Transient metabolic acidosis and mild hyperkalemia developed after maximal exercise but not after prolonged submaximal exercise. Patients were slightly more acidotic and hyperkalemic on a dialysis day compared to a nondialysis day. Cardiopulmonary performance was similar on both days. These changes in serum electrolytes and acid-base parameters provide documentation of the extent of biochemical changes that develop following exercise in dialysis patients.
|
['Acid-Base Equilibrium', 'Adult', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Electrolytes', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Humans', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Physical Exertion', 'Potassium', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Time Factors']
| 3,120,580
|
[['G02.111.007', 'G02.300.176', 'G03.030', 'G07.410.110', 'G09.188.050'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['D01.248'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G03.680'], ['G11.427.683'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with the peroneus longus tendon].
|
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to evaluate the results of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using a peroneus longus tendon (PLT) autograft.METHODS: The study included 29 patients (27 males, 2 females; mean age 30 years; range 21 to 39 years) who underwent ACL reconstruction using a PLT autograft and interference nail fixation. Fourteen patients (48.3%) also had partial meniscectomy during surgery. The results were assessed according to the Lysholm scores and the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scale at the end of at least five years of follow-up.RESULTS: According to the IKDC scale, 17 patients (58.6%) were rated as normal or nearly normal, and 12 patients (41.4%) were rated as abnormal or severely abnormal. The mean Lysholm score was 83.7 (range 45 to 100), with excellent or good results in 23 patients (79.3%). Radiographic examination showed mild (n=10) or moderate (n=1) degenerative changes in the knee joint. Compared with the normal side, no flexion or extension losses occurred in the affected knees. Stability of the ACL was assessed by the Lachman test, which showed normal findings in 12 patients (41.4%), while nine patients had 1+, five patients had 2+, and three patients had 3+ anteroposterior laxity. Pivot-shift test was negative in 13 patients (44.8%); ten patients had 1+ pivot glide, and six patients had 2+ pivot shift. Two patients (6.9%) complained of mild to moderate pressure pain, paresthesia and dysesthesia at the donor site of PLT. No patient experienced ankle joint dysfunction or difficulty in sports activities due to PLT graft transfer.CONCLUSION: Our data show that PLT can be an appropriate autograft source for ACL reconstruction, avoiding potential complications of autografts obtained from the knee region.
|
['Achilles Tendon', 'Adult', 'Anterior Cruciate Ligament', 'Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Injury Severity Score', 'Knee Injuries', 'Male', 'Orthopedic Procedures', 'Radiography', 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'Reoperation', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Turkey']
| 18,354,276
|
[['A02.880.176'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A02.513.514.100', 'A02.835.583.512.100', 'A10.165.669.514.100'], ['C26.558.554.213'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.875.500', 'E05.944.600', 'N04.452.859.564.800.500', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.800.400'], ['C26.558.554'], ['E02.718', 'E04.555'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E01.370.600.700', 'G11.427.760'], ['E04.690'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['Z01.252.245.500.850']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The response of soil microbial diversity and abundance to long-term application of biosolids.
|
The disposal of biosolids poses a major environmental and economic problem. Agricultural use is generally regarded as the best means of disposal. However, its impact on soil ecosystems remains uncertain. Biosolids can improve soil properties by supplying nutrients and increasing organic matter content but there is also a potentially detrimental effect arising from the introduction of heavy metals into soils. To assess the balance between these competing effects on soil health, we investigated soil bacterial and fungal diversity and community structure at a site that has been dedicated to the disposal of sewage sludge for over 100 years. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) was used to characterize the soil microbial communities. The most important contaminants at the site were Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb. Concentrations were highly correlated and Zn concentration was adopted as a good indicator of the overall (historical) biosolids loading. A biosolids loading, equivalent to 700-1000 mg kg-1 Zn appeared to be optimal for maximum bacterial and fungal diversity. This markedly exceeds the maximum soil Zn concentration of 300 mg kg-1permitted under the current UK Sludge (use in agriculture) Regulations. Redundancy analysis (RDA) suggested that the soil microbial communities had been altered in response to the accumulation of trace metals, especially Zn, Cd, and Cu. We believe this is the first time the trade-off between positive and negative effects of long term (>100 years) biosolids disposal on soil microorganisms have been observed in the field situation.
|
['Agriculture', 'Biodiversity', 'Metals, Heavy', 'Sewage', 'Soil Microbiology', 'Soil Pollutants', 'Trace Elements']
| 28,288,351
|
[['J01.040'], ['G16.500.275.157.049', 'N06.230.124.049'], ['D01.268.556', 'D01.552.544'], ['D20.944.932.500'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.555', 'N06.850.425.300'], ['D27.888.284.756'], ['D01.268.811', 'D27.505.696.494.555', 'G07.203.300.681.500.555', 'J02.500.681.500.555']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Empirical validation of the Insomnia Severity Index in cancer patients.
|
Despite the elevated prevalence of insomnia in cancer patients, there is a lack of brief validated instruments for the evaluation of this particular problem in this population. The goal of this study is to empirically validate the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and to evaluate its ability to screen insomnia in 1670 cancer patients. The results support the internal consistency and temporal stability of the ISI. Its two-component factor structure is clear and stable between different cancer diagnoses. The construct validity of that instrument is also supported by correlations obtained with various measures of sleep and one measure of quality of life. The ISI is also sensitive to therapeutic changes. A clinical cut-off score of 8 on the ISI is associated with optimal sensitivity and specificity for the detection of sleep difficulties. In conclusion, the ISI appears to be an excellent evaluation and screening tool in the context of cancer.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms', 'Quality of Life', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders']
| 15,376,284
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['C10.886.425.800.800', 'F03.870.400.800.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The prevalence of Huntington's chorea in South Africa.
|
The results of a national investigation to determine the prevalence of Huntington's chorea in South Africa are presented. A total of 481 persons who have died from or are presently suffering from the disorder have been identified. The prevalence rate of 0,1 per million in the South African Negro population is much less than the estimate of 22 per million in the White and Coloured groups. It is apparent that the great variation in the ethnic distribution of the disease is a reflection of the diverse origins of the different population groups of South Africa.
|
['African Continental Ancestry Group', 'Epidemiologic Methods', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Huntington Disease', 'Male', 'South Africa']
| 6,447,364
|
[['M01.686.508.100'], ['E05.318', 'N06.850.520'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.079.545', 'C10.228.140.380.278', 'C10.228.662.262.249.750', 'C10.574.500.497', 'C16.320.400.430', 'F03.615.250.400', 'F03.615.400.390'], ['Z01.058.290.175.735']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Atracurium and vecuronium: two unique neuromuscular blocking agents.
|
Atracurium and vecuronium are two new nondepolarizing skeletal muscle relaxants that were developed to overcome the deficiencies seen with currently available agents (tubocurarine, metocurine, pancuronium, and gallamine). Both compounds have unique metabolic profiles, separating them from other nondepolarizing agents. Neither drug depends on normal renal function for excretion and each can safely be given to patients with renal failure. Atracurium also does not depend on hepatic function for metabolism; however, vecuronium may require dosing adjustments in hepatic disease. Atracurium and vecuronium have similar onset times for muscle relaxation but shorter durations of action than other nondepolarizing muscle relaxants. Both agents produce minimal cumulative effects with repeated doses. A major advantage of both agents is their relative lack of cardiovascular effects when given in clinically effective doses, differing from other nondepolarizing muscle relaxants. Both agents produce a lower degree of histamine release than other agents, although atracurium appears to produce a higher incidence of histamine-like reactions than vecuronium. Vecuronium appears to be the agent of choice in patients with a history of asthma or allergy. The place in therapy for these new agents is discussed.
|
['Anesthesia', 'Atracurium', 'Coronary Vessels', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Isoquinolines', 'Muscle Relaxants, Central', 'Neuromuscular Blocking Agents', 'Pancuronium', 'Vecuronium Bromide']
| 6,148,226
|
[['E03.155'], ['D03.633.100.531.085.061'], ['A07.015.114.269', 'A07.015.908.194'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.531'], ['D27.505.696.510', 'D27.505.696.663.700.600', 'D27.505.954.427.525'], ['D27.505.696.663.700.710'], ['D04.210.500.054.040.685'], ['D04.210.500.054.040.920']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Changes in bacterial species composition in enrichment cultures with various dilutions of inoculum as monitored by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis.
|
Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis revealed changes in the bacterial species obtained from enrichment cultures with different inoculum dilutions. This inoculum dilution enrichment approach may facilitate the detection and isolation of a greater number of bacterial species than traditional enrichment techniques.
|
['Bacteria', 'Biofilms', 'DNA, Ribosomal', 'Fresh Water', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Plant Leaves', 'Plants', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S', 'Water Microbiology']
| 9,835,607
|
[['B03'], ['A20.593', 'G06.120'], ['D13.444.308.475'], ['G16.500.275.280', 'N06.230.232'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['A18.024.812'], ['B01.650'], ['D13.444.735.686.670'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.777', 'N06.850.425.450']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[HUVECs respond to low shear stress stimulation by activating Wnt/â-catenin signaling pathway].
|
Objective To investigate the influence of different fluid shear stress (FSS) on Wnt/â signaling pathway in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and its relationship with atherosclerosis. Methods HUVECs were subjected to different FSS (0, 1, 15 dynes/cm2) for various durations (6, 12, 18, 24 hours) using a shear stress device. Subsequently, real-time quantitative PCR was used to observe the mRNA expression levels of dishevelled 2 (Dvl2) and â-catenin in the Wnt signaling pathway, and immunofluorescence technology to observe their protein expression and localization. Results The low FSS promoted the expression and recruitment of Dvl2 as well as the translocation of â-catenin into the nucleus at the early stage of loading low FSS. Conversely, laminar FSS inhabited their expression and nuclear translocation of â-catenin. Conclusion Wnt signaling pathway participates in the stress response of vascular endothelial cells to low shear stress.
|
['Cells, Cultured', 'Dishevelled Proteins', 'Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells', 'Humans', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Stress, Mechanical', 'Wnt Signaling Pathway', 'beta Catenin']
| 29,382,427
|
[['A11.251'], ['D12.644.360.024.288', 'D12.776.157.057.028', 'D12.776.476.024.330'], ['A11.436.275.682'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['G01.374.835'], ['G02.111.820.925', 'G04.835.925'], ['D12.776.091.249', 'D12.776.220.145.500', 'D12.776.930.130']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Application of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) to the analysis of microbial communities of subgingival plaque.
|
OBJECTIVES: Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was applied to the microbiologic examination of subgingival plaque.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The PCR primers were designed from conserved nucleotide sequences on 16S ribosomal RNA gene (16SrDNA) with GC rich clamp at the 5'-end. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using the primers and genomic DNAs of typical periodontal bacteria. The generated 16SrDNA fragments were separated by denaturing gel.RESULTS: Although the sizes of the amplified DNA fragments were almost the same among the species, 16SrDNAs of the periodontal bacteria were distinguished according to their specific sequences. The microflora of clinical plaque samples were profiled by the PCR-DGGE method, and the dominant 16SrDNA bands were cloned and sequenced. Simultaneously, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia were detected by an ordinary PCR method. In the deep periodontal pockets, the bacterial community structures were complicated and P. gingivalis was the most dominant species, whereas the DGGE profiles were simple and Streptococcus or Neisseria species were dominant in the shallow pockets. The species-specific PCR method revealed the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis and P. intermedia in the clinical samples. However, corresponding bands were not always observed in the DGGE profiles, indicating a lower sensitivity of the DGGE method.CONCLUSION: Although the DGGE method may have a lower sensitivity than the ordinary PCR methods, it could visualize the bacterial qualitative compositions and reveal the major species of the plaque. The DGGE analysis and following sequencing may have the potential to be a promising bacterial examination procedure in periodontal diseases.
|
["5' Flanking Region", 'Adolescent', 'Aged', 'Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans', 'Aggressive Periodontitis', 'Bacteria', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Dental Plaque', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Female', 'GC Rich Sequence', 'Genome, Bacterial', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neisseria', 'Periodontal Pocket', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Porphyromonas gingivalis', 'Prevotella intermedia', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Streptococcus']
| 12,828,664
|
[['G05.360.340.024.220.282', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.295'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B03.440.450.600.224.500', 'B03.660.250.550.170.500'], ['C07.465.714.533.161'], ['B03'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['C07.793.208.377'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['G02.111.570.080.380', 'G05.360.080.380'], ['G05.360.340.358.207'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['B03.440.400.425.550.550', 'B03.660.075.525.520'], ['C07.465.714.533.750'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['B03.440.080.094.625.515', 'B03.440.425.410.194.625.515'], ['B03.440.080.094.640.375', 'B03.440.425.410.194.640.375'], ['D13.444.735.686.670'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['B03.353.750.737.872', 'B03.510.400.800.872', 'B03.510.550.737.872']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Epidemiology and characterization of high-risk genotypes of human Papillomavirus in a population of sexually active adolescents in Ouagadougou].
|
OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study was to determine the prevalence and characterization of high-risk HPV genotypes circulating among adolescents in Ouagadougou.METHODS: From September to December 2013, 200 adolescents recruited from a youth counseling center have voluntarily accepted a swab of the endocervical canal. The identification of the genotypes of the human Papillomavirus (HPV) was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction technique.RESULTS: The mean age of adolescents was 18.7±0.7 years and 83/200 adolescents were positive for at least one high-risk genotype HPV a prevalence of 41.5%. Twelve genotypes corresponding to 136 infections were characterized: HPV 52 (22.8%), HPV 59 (14.0%), HPV 39 (13.2%), HPV 35 (10.3%), HPV 51 (10.3%), HPV 56 (8.8%), HPV 16 (5.2%), HPV 18 (5.2%), HPV 58 (4.4%), HPV 31 (3.6%), HPV 45 (1.5%), HPV 33 (0.7%). Multiple infections (2-5 virus) statistically associated with age (p=0.0318) was detected in 42.2% of infected females. If the number of sexual partners was statistically associated with the porting of HPV (OR=2.18; 95% CI=1.17 to 4.09), early sexual intercourse and the recent change of sexual partner were not (p>0,05) CONCLUSION: The prevalence of carriage of HPV in this study is high, as described in young people at the start of sexual activity. Identified genotypes are different from those targeted by prophylactic vaccines currently available. A larger study to map genotypes of high-risk HPV circulating in West Africa is necessary for a suitable vaccine.
|
['Adolescent', 'Burkina Faso', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Papillomaviridae', 'Papillomavirus Infections', 'Prevalence', 'Risk']
| 25,636,785
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['Z01.058.290.190.245'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B04.280.210.655', 'B04.613.204.655'], ['C01.925.256.650', 'C01.925.928.725'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Echocardiographic features of constrictive pericarditis.
|
The most characteristic echocardiographic features of 12 patients with constrictive pericarditis were compared with the findings in 10 normal volunteers. Left ventricular posterior wall (LVPW) "flatness" was quantified by measuring the diastolic change in distance from the crystal artifact to the LVPW endocardium. In 11 of 12 patients the net diastolic LVPW endocardial movement was less than 1 mm. In 10 normal volunteers LVPW endocardium moved posteriorly in diastole from 1.5 to 4 mm (mean 2.2 +/- 0.8). Abnormal septal motion was present in five of 12 patients with constriction. Pericardial thickness measured using standard damping techniques for both cnstriction and normal population did not distinguish the two groups. The "flattening" of the left ventricular endocardium as quantified above verifies earlier qualitative observations and was the most consistent finding in this series of patients with constrictive pericarditis.
|
['Aged', 'Cardiac Catheterization', 'Echocardiography', 'Heart', 'Heart Septum', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Contraction', 'Pericarditis, Constrictive']
| 699,252
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.370.380.140', 'E02.148.442', 'E05.157.250'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['A07.541'], ['A07.541.459'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G09.330.580', 'G11.427.494.570'], ['C14.280.720.595']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
True aneurysm formation in femoropopliteal autogenous vein bypass grafts: two cases.
|
This paper describes two cases of true atheromatous aneurysm formation within reversed autogenous saphenous vein used for femoropopliteal bypass graft. We note the rarity of this complication and review the literature for true aneurysm formation within vein grafts used for this and other bypass procedures.
|
['Aneurysm', 'Arteriosclerosis', 'Female', 'Femoral Vein', 'Graft Survival', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Popliteal Vein', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Saphenous Vein']
| 6,577,846
|
[['C14.907.055'], ['C14.907.137.126'], ['A07.015.908.314'], ['G12.875.545.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A07.015.908.641'], ['C23.550.767'], ['A07.015.908.819']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Gabapentin in the Management of Pain following Tonsillectomy: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial.
|
Objective To determine if a single dose of oral gabapentin given prior to tonsillectomy decreases postoperative morbidity. Study Design Prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Setting Southern District Health Board University Hospitals, New Zealand, over a 10-month period. Subjects and Methods Seventy-three adults undergoing tonsillectomy were randomized to receive either a single preoperative dose of oral gabapentin (600 mg) or placebo. A standard analgesic protocol was prescribed for 14 postoperative days. The primary outcome was a patient-assigned visual analog scale pain score during rest and swallow; secondary outcomes were analgesic consumption, nausea, vomiting, and return to normal diet and activities. Complications and adverse effects were also recorded. Results Thirty-seven participants were allocated to the placebo group and 36 to the gabapentin group. After withdrawals, data were analyzed from 31 in the placebo group and 27 in the gabapentin group. Pain scores between groups were not significantly different within the first 6 hours. The gabapentin group recorded significantly higher pain scores between days 5 and 10 (maximal difference, day 8: 17.6 mm; effect size, -8.87; P = .03; 95% CI, -16.883 to -0.865). There was no significant difference in swallow pain scores or early postoperative fentanyl consumption. Consumption of paracetamol ( P = .01 at day 13 and P = .004 at day 14) and codeine ( P < .05 at days 3-5, 7, 8, 10, 14) was higher in the gabapentin group. No significant difference between groups was found for the other outcomes. Conclusions Preemptive gabapentin (600 mg) was associated with greater postoperative pain scores and analgesic consumption following adult tonsillectomy when compared with placebo.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Amines', 'Analgesics', 'Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Gabapentin', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'New Zealand', 'Pain Management', 'Pain Measurement', 'Pain, Postoperative', 'Prospective Studies', 'Tonsillectomy', 'Treatment Outcome', 'gamma-Aminobutyric Acid']
| 28,741,425
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D02.092'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014', 'D27.505.954.427.040'], ['D02.241.223.268', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.218'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['D02.092.521', 'D02.241.081.114.500.350.300', 'D02.241.223.268.469', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.218.500', 'D12.125.190.350.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.639.760.747', 'Z01.678.100.747'], ['E02.745', 'N04.590.607.500'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['C23.550.767.700', 'C23.888.592.612.832'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E04.580.848'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350', 'D12.125.190.350']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Dichlone-induced oxidative stress in a model insect species, Spodoptera eridania.
|
Southern armyworm, Spodoptera eridania, larvae were provided ad libitum 0.002-0.25% w/w dichlone, 2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone (CNQ). Larval mortality occurred in a time-and-dose dependent manner, with an LC17 of 0.01% and an LC50 of 0.26% CNQ at day-5. Extracts of larvae fed control, 0.01, and 0.25% CNQ diets for 5 days were assayed for antioxidant enzymes. While 0.01% CNQ had a mild effect, 0.25% CNQ profoundly increased levels of all antioxidant enzymes that were examined. The increases as compared to control were: 5.3-, 1.9-, 3.2-, 2.6-, 2.8-, and 3.5-fold higher for superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione transferase and its peroxidase activity, glutathione reductase and DT-diaphorase, respectively. At 0.01% CNQ, the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were similar to the control group. However, despite the induction from 0.25% CNQ of all enzymes examined, the lipid peroxidation was not attenuated; the TBARS were 29.7% over the control value. High mortalities and CNQ-induced pathologies reflected in retarded growth, wasting syndrome, and diuresis clearly indicated that the insect sustained severe oxidant-induced injuries before appropriate defenses were fully mobilized. Thus, this quinone causes an oxidative stress in a model insect species analogous to that observed in mammalian species.
|
['Animals', 'Fungicides, Industrial', 'Larva', 'Lethal Dose 50', 'Naphthoquinones', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Oxidoreductases', 'Spodoptera']
| 7,574,883
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.720.031.700.288', 'D27.888.723.288'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['E05.940.402', 'G07.225.500', 'G07.690.773.875.750', 'G07.690.936.500.750'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.721', 'D02.806.550', 'D04.615.638.721'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D08.811.682'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.937.650.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Priority in occupational health in the USL 10 area of Florence].
|
In order to experience a method for the choice in Public Health, a list of the problems in occupational health in Florence has been characterized one, using for the definition of the priorities a "Minnesota Department of Health's Community Health Services Planning Manual--Guidelines for Local Public Health Agencies: CHS Plan Cycle 2002-2003". The following priorities problems of health are emerged in order of: exposure to chemistries in agricultural workers, fatal and serious injures among construction and agricultural workers, musculoskeletal disorders by biomechanical overload of the upper limbs, hearing loss. For everyone of they, has been indicated a possible strategy.
|
['Humans', 'Italy', 'Occupational Health', 'Occupational Medicine']
| 14,979,128
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['N01.400.525'], ['H02.403.720.750.510']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Apparent seroprevalence of Salmonella spp. in harp seals in the Greenland Sea as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
|
An indirect ELISA was developed as a possible tool for surveillance of the seroprevalence of Salmonella spp. in harp seals. This species is hunted for human consumption and thus transmission of disease to humans cannot be excluded. To cover a broad spectrum of serogroups, a mixture of the lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of S. typhimurium and S. choleraesuis was used as the antigen in this pilot study. Chicken anti-harp-seal immunoglobulin horseradish peroxidase conjugate served as the immunoconjugate. Sera from four captive harp seals, which were Salmonella culture-negative and had no clinical or historical evidence of salmonellosis, were used as negative controls. After immunization with an inactivated S. typhimurium vaccine, further sera from these seals were used as positive controls, as no serum from naturally infected animals was available. Serum samples from 93 harp seals caught in the Greenland sea in 1999 were examined, and anti-Salmonella antibodies were found in the samples from two individuals (seroprevalence 2.2%). Although Salmonella has been isolated from other pinniped species, this is the first documentation of Salmonella-seropositive harp seals. This study contributes to the evaluation of the importance of salmonellosis in arctic marine mammals and thus to the prevention of potential outbreaks of this important zoonosis.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Wild', 'Antibodies, Bacterial', 'Atlantic Ocean', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'Greenland', 'Male', 'Salmonella', 'Salmonella Infections, Animal', 'Seals, Earless', 'Seroepidemiologic Studies']
| 12,416,866
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.300'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.107', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.125'], ['Z01.756.092'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['Z01.107.567.403', 'Z01.542.816.124.500', 'Z01.639.400'], ['B03.440.450.425.800', 'B03.660.250.150.710'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.821.706', 'C22.812'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.950', 'N05.715.360.330.500.950', 'N06.850.520.450.500.950']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Within-household sharing of a fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli sequence type ST131 strain causing pediatric osteoarticular infection.
|
A fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli strain of sequence type ST131 caused severe septic arthritis and contiguous osteomyelitis in an 8-month-old girl, and colonized the girl's healthy mother, who shared a different fecal E. coli strain with the father. Within-household transmission can contribute to the dissemination of the emerging, multidrug-resistant ST131 clonal group, which has evident invasive potential for otherwise-healthy children.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bacterial Typing Techniques', 'Carrier State', 'Cluster Analysis', 'DNA Fingerprinting', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Drug Resistance, Bacterial', 'Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field', 'Escherichia coli', 'Escherichia coli Infections', 'Family Characteristics', 'Family Health', 'Female', 'Fluoroquinolones', 'Gastrointestinal Tract', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Osteoarthritis']
| 19,952,857
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['E01.370.225.875.150.125', 'E05.200.875.150.125'], ['N06.850.520.169'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['E05.318.740.225.500.500', 'E05.393.290', 'I01.198.780.937.375', 'N04.452.910.099.750'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['G06.099.225', 'G06.225.347', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347'], ['E05.196.401.220', 'E05.301.300.220'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.330'], ['F01.829.263.315', 'I01.240.361', 'I01.880.853.150.423', 'N01.224.361', 'N01.824.308', 'N06.850.505.400.400'], ['N01.400.300'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322'], ['A03.556'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C05.550.114.606', 'C05.799.613']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Relevance of MRSA on a Visceral Surgical Intensive Care Unit].
|
Background: Resistance to antibiotics is a worldwide increasing problem. A well-known example is methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA. What is the relevance of MRSA on a surgical ICU? Patients/Material and Methods: On a 20 bed academic SICU/intermediate care ward 14,976 patients were treated in a seven-year period. We identified only 98 MRSA-positive patients. 56 (57 %) of them were merely colonised, 42 (43 %) suffered from an MRSA infection. A control group comprised 56 similar patients without MRSA detection. Results: Patients with MRSA infection had a higher mortality rate (OR 4.18; p = 0.002), but only 4 out of 20 patients died due to the MRSA infection. APACHE 2 score of more than 20 was predictive for being colonised with MRSA (OR 3.08; p = 0.04), but it was not a risk factor for developing an MRSA infection (OR 1.03; p = 0.95). Patients with MRSA colonisation did not have a higher mortality rate than patients without. Conclusion: Outcome depended on severity of the disease, but not on the MRSA colonisation status. Patients with MRSA infection were more likely to die, but the reason of death rarely was MRSA.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Carrier State', 'Cross Infection', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Germany', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Humans', 'Intensive Care Units', 'Male', 'Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Risk Factors', 'Staphylococcal Infections']
| 25,076,165
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['N06.850.520.169'], ['C01.248', 'C23.550.291.875.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.400', 'N01.224.935.698.400', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.400', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.388.493'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100.500', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100.500', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100.500', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C01.150.252.410.868']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Virological properties and nucleotide sequences of Cas-E-type endogenous ecotropic murine leukemia viruses in South Asian wild mice, Mus musculus castaneus.
|
Two types of endogenous ecotropic murine leukemia viruses (MuLVs), termed AKV- and Cas-E-type MuLVs, differ in nucleotide sequence and distribution in wild mouse subspecies. In contrast to AKV-type MuLV, Cas-E-type MuLV is not carried by common laboratory mice. Wild mice of Mus musculus (M. m.) castaneus carry multiple copies of Cas-E-type endogenous MuLV, including the Fv-4(r) gene that is a truncated form of integrated MuLV and functions as a host's resistance gene against ecotropic MuLV infection. Our genetic cross experiments showed that only the Fv-4(r) gene was associated with resistance to ecotropic F-MuLV infection. Because the spontaneous expression of infectious virus was not detected in M. m. castaneus, we generated mice that did not carry the Fv-4(r) gene but did carry a single or a few endogenous MuLV loci. In mice not carrying the Fv-4(r) gene, infectious MuLVs were isolated in association with three of six Cas-E-type endogenous MuLV loci. The isolated viruses showed a weak syncytium-forming activity for XC cells, an interfering property of ecotropic MuLV, and a slight antigenic variation. Two genomic DNAs containing endogenous Cas-E-type MuLV were cloned and partially sequenced. All of the Cas-E-type endogenous MuLVs were closely related, hybrid-type viruses with an ecotropic env gene and a xenotropic long terminal repeat. Duplications and a deletion were found in a restricted region of the hypervariable proline-rich region of Env glycoprotein.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Cell Line', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Genome, Viral', 'Leukemia Virus, Murine', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phylogeny', 'Sequence Alignment']
| 11,333,885
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210'], ['E05.393.220'], ['G05.360.340.358.840'], ['B04.613.807.375.525', 'B04.820.650.375.525'], ['D12.776.543'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['E05.393.751']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cortisol, growth hormone, free fatty acids, and experimentally evoked affective arousal.
|
Eight male volunteers who viewed selected control, suspense, and erotic films experienced significant changes in affect that were limited to fatigue, anxiety, and sexual arousal, respectively. All subjects showed free fatty acid elevations with the suspense and erotic films and those subjects with the most anxiety and sexual arousal showed cortisol elevation with the suspense and erotic films, respectively. Growth hormone elevations occurred independently of cortisol elevations and were not clearly related to film or affect. Thus, activation of the pituitary-adrenocortical and sympathetic nervous systems appears to occur not in relation to a specific dysphoric state but rather with nonspecific affective arousal.
|
['Adult', 'Affect', 'Anxiety', 'Arousal', 'Fatty Acids, Nonesterified', 'Growth Hormone', 'Humans', 'Hydrocortisone', 'Libido', 'Male', 'Motion Pictures', 'Pituitary-Adrenal System', 'Sex', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Sympathetic Nervous System', 'Visual Perception']
| 1,166,895
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.047'], ['F01.470.132'], ['F02.830.104', 'G11.561.035'], ['D10.251.310'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.425', 'D12.644.548.691.525.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.600', 'D06.472.040.585.353.476', 'D06.472.040.585.478.392'], ['F02.739.794.511'], ['J01.897.280.500.598', 'K01.093.545', 'L01.178.590.500', 'L01.178.820.090.598'], ['A06.300.691'], ['G08.686.810'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['A08.800.050.800'], ['F02.463.593.932']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Risk of recurrence in patients with pulmonary embolism: predictive role of D-dimer and of residual perfusion defects on lung scintigraphy.
|
The stratification of recurrence risk after a first episode of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is an important topic of research, especially in patients with pulmonary embolism (PE). Elevated D-dimer levels and residual vein obstruction (RVO) at compression ultrasonography have been studied as predictors of recurrence after withdrawing oral anticoagulant treatment (OAT). It is still unknown if residual perfusion defects (PD) on lung scintigraphy are related to recurrent PE. In the present study, we evaluated the association of PD with PE recurrence. The relationship between PD, elevated D-dimer levels, and RVO was also investigated. We prospectively followed 236 consecutive patients who survived a first episode of objectively confirmed PE, with or without deep-vein thrombosis. After at least three months of OAT, treatment was withdrawn in 139 patients. D-dimer levels were evaluated at one month of OAT withdrawal, RVO was measured, and perfusion lung scan (P-scan) was performed to evaluate PD. During follow-up, 20 patients experienced a recurrent episode of VTE. Elevated D-dimer levels were significantly associated with VTE recurrence, (p=0.003). RVO was present in 22% of the patients with recurrence and in 7.5% of those without (p=0.07). No significant association was found between PD >10% and VTE recurrence, D-dimer, or RVO. In conclusion, we confirmed the positive predictive value of elevated D-dimer levels for recurrent VTE. Residual PD on lung scintigraphy are neither predictive of recurrence nor related to D-dimer levels or RVO.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Anticoagulants', 'Biomarkers', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Female', 'Femoral Vein', 'Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Perfusion Imaging', 'Popliteal Vein', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prognosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Pulmonary Circulation', 'Pulmonary Embolism', 'Recurrence', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Time Factors', 'Ultrasonography', 'Up-Regulation', 'Venous Thromboembolism', 'Young Adult']
| 23,196,319
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.954.502.119'], ['D23.101'], ['E02.319.283'], ['A07.015.908.314'], ['D12.776.124.270.300', 'D12.776.811.300.290'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A04.411'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.710.600', 'E01.370.384.730.354'], ['A07.015.908.641'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['G09.330.100.770', 'G09.772.593'], ['C08.381.746', 'C14.907.355.350.700'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.370.350.850'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998'], ['C14.907.355.590.700'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Changes in resistances of endotracheal tubes with reductions in the cross-sectional area.
|
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Partial obstruction of endotracheal tubes due to accumulation of secretions and mucus plugs can increase the tube resistance and subsequently impose increased resistive load on the patient. This study was performed to determine the changes in the resistance of endotracheal tubes of sizes 7.5, 8.0 and 8.5 mm with different degrees and locations of endotracheal tube narrowing.METHODS: Reductions of 10%, 25%, 50% and 75% in the endotracheal tube's cross-sectional areas were created at different sites along the axes of the tube connected to an artificial lung. While ventilating with a constant inspiratory flow, a 1 s end-inspiratory occlusion manoeuvre was applied and the resulting plateau pressure was determined. The resistance was calculated as (peak airway pressure--plateau pressure)/peak inspiratory flow.RESULTS: Significant increases in the endotracheal tube's resistances were observed as the tube's cross-sectional area reduction was increased from 25% to 50% and from 50% to 75% for the 7.5 mm endotracheal tube, from 25% to 50% for the 8.0 mm endotracheal tube, and from 50% to 75% for the 8.5 mm endotracheal tube. Changes of the endotracheal tube resistances were not affected by the site of cross-sectional area reductions along the axes of the tubes.CONCLUSIONS: For endotracheal tubes of sizes 7.5, 8.0 and 8.5 mm, significant changes in the tubes resistances are observed when the partial obstructions of the tubes exceed certain critical values. The location of the partial obstruction did not affect the changes in the endotracheal tube resistances.
|
['Airway Resistance', 'Equipment Design', 'Humans', 'Intubation, Intratracheal', 'Mucus', 'Respiration, Artificial', 'Work of Breathing']
| 18,177,540
|
[['E01.370.386.700.050', 'G09.772.060'], ['E05.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.041.500', 'E02.585.578', 'E05.497.578'], ['A12.200.503'], ['E02.041.625', 'E02.365.647.729', 'E02.880.820'], ['E01.370.386.700.975', 'G09.772.965']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Macrophages produce nitrite, nitrate and nitrosamines after addition of catalase.
|
Mouse macrophages produced nitrite and N-nitrosomorpholine after incubation with catalase. A macrophage cell line, J774.1 (1 x 10(6) cells/ml), was incubated with catalase (500 U/ml) and morpholine (5 mM); after 48 h incubation at 37 degrees C, macrophages produced nitrite (100 microM) and N-nitrosomorpholine (1 microM). Stimulation of J774.1 cells with catalase enhanced interleukin-1 production and tumour-killing activity against mastocytoma P815 cells. Flow cytometric analysis showed that catalase was bound to the surface of the macrophages.
|
['Animals', 'Catalase', 'Cell Line', 'Cytotoxicity, Immunologic', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Interferons', 'Interleukin-1', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Macrophages', 'Mice', 'Nitrates', 'Nitrites', 'Nitrosamines']
| 1,713,193
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.682.732.332'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G12.287'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['D12.644.276.374.440', 'D12.776.467.374.440', 'D23.529.374.440'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400', 'D23.529.374.465.131', 'D23.529.374.500.400'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D01.248.497.158.606', 'D01.625.525.550', 'D02.583'], ['D01.248.497.158.635', 'D01.625.600.600', 'D02.633'], ['D02.654.442']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparative Accuracy of Facial Models Fabricated Using Traditional and 3D Imaging Techniques.
|
PURPOSE: The purpose of this investigation was to compare the accuracy of facial models fabricated using facial moulage impression methods to the three-dimensional printed (3DP) fabrication methods using soft tissue images obtained from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and 3D stereophotogrammetry (3D-SPG) scans.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A reference phantom model was fabricated using a 3D-SPG image of a human control form with ten fiducial markers placed on common anthropometric landmarks. This image was converted into the investigation control phantom model (CPM) using 3DP methods. The CPM was attached to a camera tripod for ease of image capture. Three CBCT and three 3D-SPG images of the CPM were captured. The DICOM and STL files from the three 3dMD and three CBCT were imported to the 3DP, and six testing models were made. Reversible hydrocolloid and dental stone were used to make three facial moulages of the CPM, and the impressions/casts were poured in type IV gypsum dental stone. A coordinate measuring machine (CMM) was used to measure the distances between each of the ten fiducial markers. Each measurement was made using one point as a static reference to the other nine points. The same measuring procedures were accomplished on all specimens. All measurements were compared between specimens and the control. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey pairwise comparison of the raters, methods, and fiducial markers.RESULTS: The ANOVA multiple comparisons showed significant difference among the three methods (p < 0.05). Further, the interaction of methods versus fiducial markers also showed significant difference (p < 0.05). The CBCT and facial moulage method showed the greatest accuracy.CONCLUSIONS: 3DP models fabricated using 3D-SPG showed statistical difference in comparison to the models fabricated using the traditional method of facial moulage and 3DP models fabricated from CBCT imaging. 3DP models fabricated using 3D-SPG were less accurate than the CPM and models fabricated using facial moulage and CBCT imaging techniques.
|
['Cone-Beam Computed Tomography', 'Dental Impression Technique', 'Dental Materials', 'Face', 'Fiducial Markers', 'Humans', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Models, Anatomic', 'Printing, Three-Dimensional']
| 26,381,058
|
[['E01.370.350.700.810.810.490', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.399'], ['E06.912.130'], ['D25.339', 'D27.720.102.339', 'J01.637.051.339'], ['A01.456.505'], ['E05.978.808.249', 'E07.695.237', 'E07.710.259'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['J01.897.280.500.545.129', 'L01.178.820.090.545.129'], ['J01.897.564', 'L01.224.108.150.500', 'L01.296.110.150.500']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Top-down inputs enhance orientation selectivity in neurons of the primary visual cortex during perceptual learning.
|
Perceptual learning has been used to probe the mechanisms of cortical plasticity in the adult brain. Feedback projections are ubiquitous in the cortex, but little is known about their role in cortical plasticity. Here we explore the hypothesis that learning visual orientation discrimination involves learning-dependent plasticity of top-down feedback inputs from higher cortical areas, serving a different function from plasticity due to changes in recurrent connections within a cortical area. In a Hodgkin-Huxley-based spiking neural network model of visual cortex, we show that modulation of feedback inputs to V1 from higher cortical areas results in shunting inhibition in V1 neurons, which changes the response properties of V1 neurons. The orientation selectivity of V1 neurons is enhanced without changing orientation preference, preserving the topographic organizations in V1. These results provide new insights to the mechanisms of plasticity in the adult brain, reconciling apparently inconsistent experiments and providing a new hypothesis for a functional role of the feedback connections.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Animals', 'Computational Biology', 'Feedback, Sensory', 'Haplorhini', 'Learning', 'Models, Neurological', 'Neurons', 'Visual Cortex']
| 25,121,603
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['B01.050'], ['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['F04.754.137.301.500', 'F04.754.308.500.500', 'F04.754.339', 'G07.410.732.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['E05.599.395.642'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.571.735', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.953']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Studies on the chemical constituents of Murraya kwangsiensis].
|
AIM: To investigate the chemical constituents of Murraya kwangsiensis.METHODS: Compounds were isolated by silica gel column chromatography and TLC method, respectively. Structures of compounds were elucidated by spectral (UV, IR, MS, 1HNMR and 13CNMR) analysis.RESULTS: Five carbazole alkaloids and two other compounds were isolated and identified. Six of them are known compounds: murrayafoline A, murrayanine, koenine, isomahanine, palmitic acid and beta-sitosterol. One is a new alkaloid, named kwangsine.CONCLUSION: A new alkaloid, named kwangsine, was isolated from Murraya kwangsiensis Var. Six known compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time.
|
['Alkaloids', 'Plants, Medicinal']
| 11,218,858
|
[['D03.132'], ['B01.650.560']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Staying on course with strategic metrics.
|
Providers need to understand the various types of metrics, the importance of each type, and how to use them effectively. Providers should use strategic metrics to monitor implementation of their organization's strategic plan. To overcome obstacles to successful use of strategic metrics, providers should communicate the organization's strategic intent, establish accountability for achieving the targets, and ensure buy-in through review of metrics and involvement of appropriate people.
|
['Economic Competition', 'Efficiency, Organizational', 'Financial Management, Hospital', 'Guidelines as Topic', 'Organizational Objectives', 'United States']
| 16,711,526
|
[['N03.219.188'], ['N04.452.209.500'], ['N02.278.216.500.875', 'N03.219.463.280', 'N04.452.442.452.180'], ['N04.761.700.350', 'N05.700.350'], ['N04.452.615'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
The effect of negative remodeling on fractional flow reserve after cardiac transplantation.
|
BACKGROUND: Negative remodeling is a common occurrence early after cardiac transplantation. Its impact on the development of myocardial ischemia is not well documented. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of negative remodeling on fractional flow reserve after cardiac transplantation.METHODS: Thirty-four cardiac transplant recipients underwent intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and fractional flow reserve (FFR) assessment soon after transplantation and one year later. Patients were divided into those with and without negative remodeling based on IVUS, and the impact on FFR was assessed. In the 19 patients with negative remodeling, there was no significant change in plaque volume (119.3±82.0 to 131.3±91.2mm3, p=0.21), but vessel volume (775.6±212.0 to 621.9±144.1mm3, p<0.0001) and lumen volume (656.3±169.1 to 490.7±132.0mm3, p<0.0001) decreased significantly and FFR likewise decreased significantly (0.88±0.06 to 0.84±0.07, p=0.04). In the 15 patients without negative remodeling, vessel volume did not change (711.7±217.6 to 745.7±198.5, p=0.28), but there was a significant increase in plaque volume (126.8±88.3 to 194.4±92.7, p<0.001) and a resultant significant decrease in FFR (0.89±0.05 to 0.85±0.05, p=0.01).CONCLUSION: Negative remodeling itself, without any change in plaque volume can cause a significant decrease in fractional flow reserve after cardiac transplantation and appears to be another possible mechanism for myocardial ischemia.
|
['Coronary Angiography', 'Female', 'Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial', 'Heart Transplantation', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Ischemia', 'Prospective Studies', 'Ultrasonography, Interventional']
| 28,413,112
|
[['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['G09.330.100.324.500'], ['E04.100.376.475', 'E04.928.220.390', 'E04.936.450.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647', 'C14.907.585'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E01.370.350.850.855', 'E04.502.890']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Primary headaches in pediatric patients with chronic rheumatic disease.
|
OBJECTIVES: To assess the presence, prevalence and clinical characteristics of primary headaches in pediatric patients with chronic rheumatic diseases such as juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), and to analyze the common pathophysiological mechanisms.STUDY DESIGN: In this noncontrolled, cross-sectional study, a semi-structured 53 item headache questionnaire was administered to subjects with FMF and JIA, and interviewed a total sample size of 601 patients younger than16years of age. The questionnaires were then analyzed according to the International Headache Society's diagnostic criteria.RESULTS: Children with FMF (n=378) and JIA (n=223) were studied. Each group was then divided into two subgroups according to whether the subjects reported headache or not. 29.5% of subjects with FMF reported having migraine, 37.6% probable migraine and 32.9% tension type headache (TTH). In JIA group 28.2% were diagnosed with migraine; 41.2% with probable migraine and 30.6% with TTH. No significant difference was found between all subjects with (n=258) and without (n=343) headache for variables such as living in a crowded family (p=0.95), being the first child in the family (p=0.63), academic achievement of the child (p=0.63), high education level (higher than high school) of the mother (p=0.52) and father (p=0.46). The presence of systemic disease was reported not to be effecting the daily life at the time of evaluation by 90.2% of the children with headache and 91.0% of the children without headache (p=0.94). 81.4% of the children reported their headaches were not aggravating with the exacerbation periods of their systemic disease. Family history of hypertension was reported higher by the subjects with headache (13.5% with headache and 4.0% without headache p=0.001). Diabetes mellitus was also reported higher (5.8% with headache; 0.5% without headache; p=0.006). Family history of headache was reported in 28.2% of the patients with headache whereas it was 17.4% of the patients without headache (p<0.001). Family history of headache was reported in 28.2% of the FMF subjects with headache whereas it was 17.4% of the patients without headache (p<0.001). For JIA patients a positive family history for headache was obtained in 25.9% of children with headache notably in migraineurs (81.8%).CONCLUSION: Patients with JIA and FMF should be asked specifically about accompanying primary headaches particularly migraine headaches as they may be additional disabilities for these patients.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Chronic Disease', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Headache Disorders, Primary', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Prevalence', 'Rheumatic Diseases', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Turkey']
| 24,534,055
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['C10.228.140.546.399'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['C05.799', 'C17.300.775'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.252.245.500.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Effect of acute cold exposure on lung perfusion and tracheal smooth muscle contraction in rabbit.
|
Acute exposure to cold temperature can affect the respiratory system of those exposed to extreme weather and induces asthma in asthmatic patients. However, the effect on lung perfusion and the pulmonary circulation was not addressed in any previous study. The present study investigates the effects of acute cold exposure on tracheal smooth muscle and lung perfusion. New Zealand White rabbits were used in these experiments. For in vitro experiments, isolated tracheal segments were suspended in organ baths containing Krebs' solution for isometric tension recording. Tissue response to cooling from 37 to 4°C was examined. For in vivo experiments, the rabbits were kept in a cold room (4°C) for 1 h. Lung perfusion scintigraphy was performed at the end of this period. Each rabbit was injected with 74 MBq (2 mCi) technetium-99m macroaggregated ((99m)Tc MAA). Perfusion studies were done by using Gamma camera equipped with a low-energy, high-resolution, parallel-hole collimator interfaced with a computer. Static images were acquired 5 min after administration of the radiotracer. Cooling induced a rapid and reproducible contraction in the tracheal smooth muscle. Rabbits exposed to cold temperature had lesser lung perfusion than controls using radionuclide perfusion study. Our results highlight the response of tracheal muscle and pulmonary circulation to cold exposure. These results indicate that cooling induced contraction of the trachea and decreased pulmonary circulation and lung perfusion. This summation of acute cooling for tracheal smooth muscle and pulmonary circulation seems to be the reason for the severe cooling-induced contraction.
|
['Animals', 'Cold Temperature', 'Lung', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscle, Smooth', 'Perfusion', 'Rabbits', 'Radionuclide Imaging', 'Trachea']
| 20,812,017
|
[['B01.050'], ['G01.906.595.272', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.300', 'G16.500.750.775.710.300', 'N06.230.300.100.725.154', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.300'], ['A04.411'], ['G11.427.494'], ['A02.633.570', 'A10.690.467'], ['E05.680'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['E01.370.350.710', 'E01.370.384.730'], ['A04.889']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A multiplex SNaPshot assay as a rapid method for detecting KRAS and BRAF mutations in advanced colorectal cancers.
|
The analysis of KRAS mutations has become a prerequisite for anti-epidermal growth factor receptor therapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancers. KRAS mutations are associated with resistance to treatment by monoclonal antibodies such as cetuximab and panitumumab and thus are correlated with a shorter progression-free survival. BRAF mutations also may play a role in treatment decisions. The widespread use of these targeted therapies has generated the need to develop cost-effective methods for routine KRAS and BRAF analysis. The aim of this study was to compare a multiplex SNaPshot assay with DNA sequencing and high-resolution melting analysis for identifying KRAS codons 12 and 13 and BRAF codon 600 mutations. Thus 110 routinely formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue blocks were tested by each method. The SNaPshot analysis detected KRAS and BRAF codon 600 mutations in, respectively, 34.5% (n = 38) and 10% (n = 11) of these tissue blocks. These results were confirmed by direct DNA sequencing and by high-resolution melting analysis. The costs and time constraints of each detection method were compared at the same time. In conclusion, our newly designed multiplex SNaPshot assay is a fast, inexpensive, sensitive, and robust technique for molecular diagnostic practices and patient selection.
|
['Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Costs and Cost Analysis', 'DNA Fragmentation', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Exons', 'Humans', 'Molecular Diagnostic Techniques', 'Mutation', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Nucleic Acid Denaturation', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Time Factors', 'ras Proteins']
| 21,742,054
|
[['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['N03.219.151'], ['G05.200.230'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.880', 'E05.200.880', 'E05.393.520'], ['G05.365.590'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E05.393.640', 'G02.111.603', 'G05.627'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.559.842.374', 'D12.644.360.400.842.374', 'D12.776.476.400.842.437', 'D12.776.624.664.700.204.200'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.500.600', 'D12.644.360.525.500.600', 'D12.776.157.325.515.500.600', 'D12.776.476.525.500.600', 'D12.776.624.664.700.200'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.500', 'D12.644.360.525.500', 'D12.776.157.325.515.500', 'D12.776.476.525.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
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