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[Cardiac effects of GH].
|
To investigate cardiac effects of excess and deficiency of growth hormone (GH) we studied twenty acromegalic subjects and eleven adult patients with GH deficiency by means of a non invasive method, the Doppler echocardiography. The results obtained in the group of patients were compared with those of two groups of twenty and eleven normal subjects, respectively, age and sex matched. The age of the acromegalic patients ranged from 20 to 62 years. Nineteen patients were considered to have active acromegaly at the time of the study. Mean duration of disease since treatment was 12 +/- 5 years (range 5 to 24 years). The age of GH deficient adults ranged from 21 to 33 years. All these patients have been treated with extractive GH over nine years and the therapy withdrawal was performed at least three years before entering the study. In the group of acromegalic patients, a subgroup including nine patients with mild to moderate hypertension was considered. All subjects gave informed consent and the study protocol was approved by the Ethical Committee of the Medical School of Naples. Right ventricular free wall thickness resulted significantly increased in acromegalic patients (8 +/- 2 vs 4 +/- 1 mm; p < 0.001). Left ventricular mass index was augmented both in the whole group and in the subgroups of normotensive and hypertensive acromegalics as compared with normals (134 +/- 33 p < 0.001, 115 +/- 20 p < 0.01 and 156 +/- 31 p < 0.001 vs 80 +/- 18 g.m-2). Ejection phase indices were normal in patient group, while impaired left and right ventricular diastolic filling was found.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Acromegaly', 'Adult', 'Cardiomegaly', 'Clonidine', 'Echocardiography, Doppler', 'Female', 'Growth Hormone', 'Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor I', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pyridostigmine Bromide', 'Stroke Volume', 'Ventricular Function, Left']
| 8,190,051
|
[['C05.116.132.082', 'C10.228.140.617.738.250.100', 'C19.700.355.179'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C14.280.195', 'C23.300.775.250'], ['D03.383.129.308.436.500'], ['E01.370.350.130.750.220', 'E01.370.350.850.220.220', 'E01.370.350.850.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220.220'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.425', 'D12.644.548.691.525.425'], ['D06.472.699.327.740.860', 'D12.644.400.400.740.860', 'D12.644.548.365.740.860', 'D12.776.631.650.405.740.860'], ['A07.541.560'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['D12.644.276.937.400', 'D12.776.124.862.400', 'D12.776.467.937.400', 'D23.529.937.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D03.383.725.762.740'], ['E01.370.370.380.150.700', 'G09.330.380.124.882'], ['G09.330.955.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
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Current concepts on the diagnostic use of MIBG in children.
|
Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) was developed 18 yr ago for scintigraphic imaging of the adrenomedullary tumors pheochromocytoma and neuroblastoma. Many studies have shown the usefulness of this agent for the management of patients with neuroblastoma or pheochromocytoma, and the 131I-labeled form was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use in the U.S. This article summarizes our current concepts on the diagnostic use of MIBG in children. The radioisotopes available for labeling of MIBG and related compounds, the dosimetry, metabolism and mechanisms of uptake and retention are discussed. Our protocols for imaging both 131I-MIBG and 123I-MIBG, along with the normal distribution of these compounds, are reviewed. The use of MIBG for the management of neuroblastoma, and comparisons with other radiotracers available for imaging neuroblastomas are also addressed.
|
['3-Iodobenzylguanidine', 'Adrenal Gland Neoplasms', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Iodine Radioisotopes', 'Neuroblastoma', 'Pheochromocytoma', 'Radiation Dosage', 'Radionuclide Imaging', 'Radiopharmaceuticals']
| 9,544,682
|
[['D02.078.370.510', 'D02.455.426.559.389.454.300', 'D02.455.526.581.496.300'], ['C04.588.322.078', 'C19.053.347', 'C19.344.078'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['D01.268.380.400.500.496', 'D01.496.448.496', 'D01.496.749.474'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.590.650.550', 'C04.557.470.670.590.650.550', 'C04.557.580.625.600.590.650.550'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.700.725', 'C04.557.580.625.650.700.725'], ['E05.799.513', 'G01.750.740', 'N06.850.810.250'], ['E01.370.350.710', 'E01.370.384.730'], ['D27.505.259.843', 'D27.505.519.871', 'D27.720.470.410.650']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Residues of Salbutamol and Identification of Its Metabolites in Beef Cattle.
|
Salbutamol, a selective â2-agonist, endangers the safety of animal products because of its illegal use in food animals. In this work, residues of salbutamol and its metabolites were investigated to select appropriate targets and marker residues for monitoring the illegal use of salbutamol. Ten metabolites of salbutamol were identified from plasma, urine, liver, and kidney samples; of these, six were newly identified. There were significant differences (P < 0.01) between the parent (nonconjugated) and total (conjugated + nonconjugated) salbutamol concentrations in plasma, urine, liver, and kidney tissues. Salbutamol residues in urine were relatively higher than those in plasma and other internal tissues during the dosing period and were rapidly eliminated from plasma, heart, spleen, and kidney tissues during the withdrawal time. Total salbutamol was identified as more preferable than parent salbutamol as a marker residue, and urine and eye tissues were found to be more suitable as targets for preslaughter and postslaughter monitoring of the illegal use of salbutamol in beef cattle.
|
['Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists', 'Albuterol', 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Drug Residues', 'Kidney', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Mass Spectrometry']
| 28,322,048
|
[['D27.505.519.625.050.100.200.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.100.200.200'], ['D02.033.100.291.057', 'D02.092.063.291.057', 'D02.092.471.683.061'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['N06.850.460.200.250'], ['A05.810.453'], ['A03.620'], ['E05.196.566']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
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|
[Electrophysiological study of acamprosate effects on frontal cortical neurons in rats].
|
The effect of drug for alcoholism treatment acamprosate (campral) on spontaneous electrical activity of frontal cortical neurons was studied in rats. Acamprosate after acute intraperitoneal administration (600 mg/kg) and microiontophoretic application reduced the frequency of spike activity in about 30 % of cells studied. The agent didn't change the magnitude and form of action potentials. Microiontophoretically applied acamprosate reduced the excitatory responses to ethanol electroosmotically applied to neurons at "small doses" (ejected current < 50 nA) and increased the value of neuronal depression induced by ethanol at the "large doses" (ejected current 50 nA). Effects of acamprosate were dose independent. It is suggested that acamprosate has no interaction with specific postsynaptic receptors and its action is determined by presynaptic mechanisms.
|
['Acamprosate', 'Action Potentials', 'Alcohol Deterrents', 'Animals', 'Ethanol', 'Frontal Lobe', 'Injections, Intraperitoneal', 'Injections, Intraventricular', 'Iontophoresis', 'Male', 'Microelectrodes', 'Neurons', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Taurine']
| 24,003,480
|
[['D02.455.326.146.100.850.438', 'D02.886.645.600.055.850.400'], ['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['D27.505.954.427.020'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.033.375'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270'], ['E02.319.267.530.490'], ['E02.319.267.530.550'], ['E02.319.267.650', 'E05.301.300.575'], ['E07.305.250.500'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D02.455.326.146.100.850', 'D02.886.645.600.055.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
An outlier pool for Medicare HMO payments.
|
Medicare pays "at-risk" health maintenance organizations a prospective capitation amount that is established by the adjusted average per capita cost (AAPCC) formula for estimating the amount enrollees would have cost had they remained in the fee-for-service sector. Because the AAPCC accounts for a very small percentage of the variation in beneficiary costs, considerable research has been devoted to improving the formula. A way to improve the explained variance is to remove the most expensive beneficiaries from the AAPCC payment system and pay for them separately. This article examines one approach to a payment system that combines the AAPCC with an outlier payment mechanism.
|
['Capitation Fee', 'Health Maintenance Organizations', 'Insurance Pools', 'Medicare', 'Outliers, DRG', 'Prospective Payment System', 'Rate Setting and Review', 'Risk', 'United States']
| 10,124,439
|
[['N03.219.442.090'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.800.400', 'N03.219.521.576.343.925.400', 'N04.452.758.244.425', 'N04.590.374.410.400'], ['N03.219.521.576.570'], ['N03.219.521.346.506.564.663', 'N03.219.521.576.343.840', 'N03.706.615.696'], ['N03.219.521.710.305.200.080.550'], ['N03.219.521.710.305.200'], ['N03.219.442.800', 'N03.219.463.060.800'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Evidence of preservation injury to bile ducts by bile salts in the pig and its prevention by infusions of hydrophilic bile salts.
|
Preservation injury to bile ducts is a serious problem in liver transplantation, especially when preservation exceeds 12 hours. The authors hypothesized that the injury was caused by contact of bile ducts with bile salts during cold preservation and might be preventable by infusion of more hydrophilic bile salts. Swine livers were harvested after intraportal infusions of saline (control), of the hydrophobic bile salt taurodeoxycholate, or of the hydrophilic bile salts tauroursodeoxycholate or dehydrocholate. The effect of infusing a combination of hydrophilic and hydrophobic bile acids was also studied. Bile samples were taken before and during the infusions. Then livers were perfused with UW solution, ducts were flushed retrograde with UW, and livers were stored at 0 to 1 degree C for 20 hours. Bile ducts were harvested after preservation, and coded microscopic slides of the specimens were examined by light microscopy. There was large variability in baseline bile salt concentration. Injury after preservation consisted of sloughing and pyknosis of surface and glandular epithelium. The histologic injury score determined after preservation was directly related to bile salt concentration in bile ducts at the time of flushing. During bile salt infusions, the infused bile salt replaced most or all of the other bile salts present in bile. Severe postpreservation injury of intrahepatic ducts occurred after taurodeoxycholate infusions, but injury was minimal when either of the two hydrophilic bile salts was infused. The mixture of bile acids produced intermediate results. Retrograde flushing with UW does not prevent injury to intrahepatic ducts. The authors conclude that the injury is caused by contact with bile salts, is dependent on bile salt concentration and composition, and is preventable.
|
['Adenosine', 'Allopurinol', 'Animals', 'Bile Acids and Salts', 'Bile Ducts', 'Female', 'Glutathione', 'Insulin', 'Organ Preservation', 'Organ Preservation Solutions', 'Raffinose', 'Swine', 'Swine, Miniature']
| 7,705,788
|
[['D03.633.100.759.590.138', 'D13.570.583.138', 'D13.570.800.096'], ['D03.633.100.759.160'], ['B01.050'], ['D04.210.500.105'], ['A03.159.183'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['E02.792.833.660', 'E05.760.833.660'], ['D26.776.675'], ['D09.698.629.802.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880.399.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of alcohol consumption on the progression of hepatitis C virus infection and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in Japanese patients.
|
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with a spectrum of liver diseases and a proportion of chronic cases progress through cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The viral and host factors that are important in the clinical and histological progression of HCV infection are unclear. We investigated the effect of moderate (<80 g/day) and heavy (>80 g/day) alcohol intake on the histological and clinical progression of HCV infection and their associated risk of hepatic cancer in a group of Japanese patients. A number of other variables were assessed to evaluate their impact on disease progression. We recruited 120 patients with HCV infection and categorized them into four groups, based on alcohol consumption pattern. All clinical and biochemical profiles were collected from recorded files. Liver biopsies were analysed for the degree of fibrosis, presence of cirrhosis and histological activity of necroinflammation. Hepatic tumours were detected by the follow-up imaging analysis. There was no difference in the age, length of exposure to HCV infection and HCV RNA serum levels in the alcohol and alcohol-free groups. The histological grading of necroinflammation, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and HCV RNA did not have any correlation with each other in the alcohol and alcohol-free group. There was a 1.5-2. 5-fold greater risk of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in the alcohol intake group compared to the alcohol-free group. Kruskal-Wallis analysis among four groups demonstrated a significant transition to fibrosis (P < 0.05) for alcoholics with HCV infection. The increased risk of liver cancer in the alcohol group is independent of size and growth of tumours. The clinical manifestations of gastro-oesophageal variceal bleeding, ascites, and encephalopathy were also higher in the alcohol intake group. Alcohol consumption is an important risk factor in the histological and clinical progression of HCV infection and has no relation with HCV replication. Chronic HCV carriers should avoid excessive alcohol intake to reduce the acceleration of liver disease and risk of liver cancer.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Alcoholism', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Hepacivirus', 'Hepatitis C, Chronic', 'Humans', 'Japan', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Liver Diseases, Alcoholic', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Statistics, Nonparametric']
| 10,869,250
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['C25.775.100.250', 'F03.900.100.350'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['B04.450.380', 'B04.820.578.344.475'], ['C01.221.250.750.120', 'C01.925.440.440.120', 'C01.925.782.350.350.120', 'C06.552.380.350.120', 'C06.552.380.705.440.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['C06.552.630', 'C23.550.355.412'], ['C06.552.645', 'C25.775.100.087.645'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
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| 1
| 1
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| 1
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| 1
|
Multicenter study of first-trimester screening for trisomy 21 in 75 821 pregnancies: results and estimation of the potential impact of individual risk-orientated two-stage first-trimester screening.
|
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the performance of first-trimester screening for trisomy 21 by a combination of maternal age, fetal nuchal translucency (NT) and maternal serum free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A). In addition, the potential impact of a new individual risk-orientated two-stage approach to first-trimester screening was examined.METHODS: First-trimester combined screening for trisomy 21 was carried out in 75 821 singleton pregnancies with live fetuses at 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 gestational weeks. The detection and false-positive rates for different risk cut-offs were calculated. To examine the potential impact of an individual risk-orientated two-stage approach to first-trimester screening it was assumed that, after first-trimester combined screening, chorionic villus sampling (CVS) would be performed in all patients with a risk estimate of 1 in 100 or more and in none of those with a risk estimate of less than 1 in 1000. Those in the intermediate-risk category, with a risk estimate of between 1 in 101 and 1 in 1000, would have further assessment of risk by first-trimester ultrasound examination to determine presence/absence of the nasal bone, presence/absence of tricuspid regurgitation or normal/abnormal Doppler velocity waveform in the ductus venosus, and CVS would be performed if their adjusted risk became 1 in 100 or more.RESULTS: Fetal NT and maternal serum free beta-hCG and PAPP-A were successfully measured in all cases. The median maternal age was 31 (range, 13-49) years, the median gestation at screening was 12 (range, 11 + 0 to 13 + 6) weeks and the median fetal crown-rump length was 62 (range, 45-84) mm. Chromosomal abnormalities were identified in 544 pregnancies, including 325 cases of trisomy 21. The estimated risk for trisomy 21 was 1 in 300 or greater in 5.2% of normal pregnancies, in 92.6% of those with trisomy 21, in 88.5% of those with trisomy 18 or 13 and in 85.6% of those with other chromosomal defects. The detection rates for trisomy 21 were about 75% and 80% for respective false-positive rates of 1% and 2%. In the proposed individual risk-orientated two-stage screening for a risk cut-off of 1 in 100 the total false-positive rate would vary with the method used for the second stage of screening from 2.1% for absence of the nasal bone to 2.7% for increased impedance in the ductus venosus and 2.7% for tricuspid regurgitation and the respective detection rates would be 92.0%, 94.2% and 91.7%.CONCLUSIONS: First-trimester combined screening for trisomy 21 is associated with a detection rate of about 90% for a false-positive rate of 5%. Individual risk-orientated two-stage screening for trisomy 21 can potentially identify, in the first trimester of pregnancy, more than 90% of affected fetuses for a false-positive rate of 2-3%.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human', 'Down Syndrome', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Trimester, First', 'Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A', 'Prenatal Diagnosis', 'Risk Assessment', 'Ultrasonography, Prenatal']
| 15,736,186
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D06.472.699.322.326.125', 'D06.472.699.649.367.125', 'D12.644.548.726.367.125', 'D12.776.780.400.125', 'D23.101.140.325', 'D23.101.175'], ['C10.597.606.360.220', 'C16.131.077.327', 'C16.131.260.260', 'C16.320.180.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.707.408'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.632', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.632', 'D12.776.780.700'], ['E01.370.378.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E01.370.350.850.865', 'E01.370.378.630.865']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
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| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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|
Pharmacokinetics of intravenous diltiazem and five of its metabolites in patients with chronic renal failure and in healthy volunteers.
|
The pharmacokinetics of diltiazem were studied in seven patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) not requiring dialysis and in three healthy volunteers after a rapid i.v. infusion of 20 mg. Mean plasma concentrations at the end of infusion were 3.15 times higher in patients with CRF than in healthy volunteers. From 0.5 to 12 h post-infusion, the difference remained between 25 per cent and 73 per cent. Mean AUC0-infinity was statistically greater in patients than in volunteers while mean V area, CLtot, and CLren were statistically lower. The t1/2 alpha and t1/2 beta values were not significantly (p greater than 0.05) different between patients and volunteers. Renal excretion was statistically more important in volunteers (6.6 per cent of the dose) than in patients (1.2 per cent of the dose). We therefore conclude that CRF does not influence t1/2 beta of diltiazem but it interferes with the extent and possibly the rate of its extravascular distribution. That could result in transient high plasma concentrations after rapid i.v. infusion.
|
['Adult', 'Diltiazem', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Injections, Intravenous', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 2,031,991
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D03.633.100.079.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.082.750', 'E02.319.267.530.540'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
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[The effect of ligustrazine on cells proliferation in cortex and striatum after focal cerebral ischemia in adult rats].
|
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of Ligustrazine on cells proliferation in cortex and striatum after focal cerebral ischemia in adult rats.METHODS: Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by left middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with suture method. Two hours later, injection of Ligustrazine (80 mg/kg, 1 time/d) was performed peritoneally. Four hours after the ischemia, 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) (50 mg/kg, 1 time/d) was injected peritoneally. At 7d, 14d and 21d after ischemia, BrdU-Labeled cells in the cortex and striatum were observed by immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS: In ischemia model group, at 7 day, BrdU-labeled cells were observed in the ipsilateral cortex and striatum. With the prolongation of ischemia, the number of BrdU-labeled cells increased, reached the peak at 21d. In Ligustrazine group, BrdU-labeded cells were observed with an intense distribution in ischemic penumbra of the cortex and striatum. With the prolongation of ischemia, the number of BrdU-labeled cells increased significantly at 14d, and reached the peak at 21d. The numbers of BrdU-labeled cells at 7d, 14d and 21d were more than those in ischemia model group respectively.CONCLUSION: Ligustrazine increase the proliferated cells in the cortex and striatum after focal cerebral ischemia in adult rats. The results suggest that it may be useful for promoting self-repair after ischemia.
|
['Animals', 'Apiaceae', 'Brain Ischemia', 'Cell Count', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Corpus Striatum', 'Drugs, Chinese Herbal', 'Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery', 'Male', 'Plants, Medicinal', 'Pyrazines', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley']
| 17,228,661
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.075'], ['C10.228.140.300.150', 'C14.907.253.092'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487'], ['D20.215.784.500.350', 'D26.335'], ['C10.228.140.300.150.477.200.450', 'C10.228.140.300.510.200.387', 'C10.228.140.300.775.200.200.450', 'C14.907.253.092.477.200.450', 'C14.907.253.560.200.387', 'C14.907.253.855.200.200.450', 'C23.550.513.355.250.200.450', 'C23.550.717.489.250.200.450'], ['B01.650.560'], ['D03.383.679'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Development of a small-scale bioreactor method to monitor the molecular diversity and environmental impacts of bacterial biofilm communities from an acid mine drainage impacted creek.
|
Shamokin Creek is a tributary of the Susquehanna River in central Pennsylvania that is heavily impacted by the acid mine drainage (AMD) caused by the oxidation of pyrite from the region's extensive anthracite coal mining industry. Recent studies have begun to characterize the microbial communities present in this and other AMD-impacted waters, but varying environmental conditions have complicated attempts to determine the ecological impacts of individual bacterial species within these communities. This study developed a small-scale biofilm reactor protocol that allowed us to simultaneously monitor the development of bacterial biofilm communities in AMD-impacted creek collected water using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis of 16S rRNA genes, while assessing the impacts that the developing biofilms were having on water quality. Our analysis confirmed that the diversity and composition of these small in situ biofilm communities could be monitored using molecular methods, and indicated the possible presence of many taxa frequently found in AMD environments, including Sulfobacillus, Nitrospira, Desulfovibrio, Geobacter, and Leptothrix species. A significant increase in the total sulfate was observed in the bioreactor, and as most likely due to the accumulation of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria such as Sulfobacillus in the biofilms. This system will allow us to study the microbial ecology of Shamokin Creek through controlled experiments that will ultimately integrate microscopic, molecular, physiological and chemical analyses, and that can be utilized to develop more effective and cost-efficient environmental remediation techniques for AMD-impacted areas.
|
['Biofilms', 'Bioreactors', 'Coal Mining', 'Gram-Negative Bacteria', 'Gram-Positive Bacteria', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Metals', 'Models, Biological', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Pennsylvania', 'Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S', 'Rivers', 'Sulfur', 'Water', 'Water Pollution, Chemical']
| 21,821,067
|
[['A20.593', 'G06.120'], ['E07.115', 'J01.897.120.115'], ['J01.576.655.875.500.500'], ['B03.440'], ['B03.510'], ['G02.300'], ['D01.552'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.550', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.550', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.550'], ['G05.365.795.595'], ['D13.444.735.686.670'], ['G01.311.750', 'G16.500.275.280.650', 'N06.230.232.650'], ['D01.268.185.900'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925'], ['N06.850.460.790.410']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Elevated â-Carotene Synthesis by the Engineered Rhodobacter sphaeroides
|
â-Carotene is a precursor of vitamin A and a dietary supplement for its antioxidant property. Producing â-carotene by microbial fermentation has attracted much attention owing to consumers' preference for the natural product. In this study, an engineered photosynthetic Rhodobacter sphaeroides producing â-carotene was constructed by the following strategies: (1) five promoters of different strengths were used to investigate the effect of the expression level of crtY on â-carotene content. It was found that PrrnB increased the â-carotene content by 109%. (2) blocking of the branched pentose phosphate pathway by zwf deletion, and (3) overexpressing dxs could restore the transcriptional levels of crtE and crtB. Finally, the engineered RS-C3 has the highest â-carotene content of 14.93 mg/g dry cell weight (DCW) among all of the reported photosynthetic bacteria and the â-carotene content reached 3.34 mg/g DCW under light conditions. Our results will be available for industrial use to supply a large quantity of natural â-carotene.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Fermentation', 'Intramolecular Lyases', 'Light', 'Metabolic Engineering', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Rhodobacter sphaeroides', 'beta Carotene']
| 31,368,704
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['G02.111.158.249', 'G03.191.249'], ['D08.811.399.430'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['E05.393.420.526', 'E05.481.500.311.249', 'J01.293.069.249.249'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['B03.440.623.700', 'B03.660.050.750.700.700'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.123', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.050', 'D02.455.849.131.123', 'D23.767.261.050']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Post-transfusion alloimmunization in patients with sickle cell disease.
|
The transfusion histories over a 33-month period of 50 patients with sickle cell disease were reviewed to determine the frequency of alloimmunization to red cell antigens following transfusion in these patients. There were 30 females and 20 males, aged 19--49 years. Eighteen (36%) were immunized of which thirteen were females. Five of the patients have formed only one antibody so far, while the other 13 have formed two or more. Thirty-six antibodies were identified: 16 against various Rh antigens, 12 anti-Lewis, 5 anti-Kell and one each of anti-Jka, -Fya and -M. The immunized patients received, on the average, more transfusions although there was a considerable degree of overlap between the immunized and nonimmunized groups. An approach to the hemotherapy of patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) is discussed.
|
['Adult', 'Anemia, Sickle Cell', 'Duffy Blood-Group System', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Isoantibodies', 'Kell Blood-Group System', 'Kidd Blood-Group System', 'Lewis Blood Group Antigens', 'MNSs Blood-Group System', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pregnancy', 'Rh-Hr Blood-Group System', 'Transfusion Reaction']
| 104,621
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C15.378.071.141.150.150', 'C15.378.420.155', 'C16.320.070.150', 'C16.320.365.155'], ['D23.050.301.290.301', 'D23.050.705.230.301'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.664', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.664', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.664'], ['D23.050.301.290.533', 'D23.050.705.230.533'], ['D23.050.301.290.538', 'D23.050.705.230.538'], ['D23.050.301.290.544', 'D23.050.705.230.544'], ['D23.050.301.290.606', 'D23.050.705.230.606'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D23.050.301.290.775', 'D23.050.705.230.775'], ['C15.378.962', 'C20.920']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Robotic versus laparoscopic radical hysterectomy in cervical cancer patients: a matched-case comparative study.
|
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare initial surgical outcomes and complication rates of patients with early-stage cervical cancer who underwent robotic radical hysterectomy (RRH) and conventional laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (LRH).METHODS: Patients diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage I-IIA) who underwent RRH (n = 23) at Samsung Medical Center from January 2008 to May 2013 were compared with matched patients who underwent LRH (n = 69) during the same period. The 2 surgical groups were matched 3:1 for variables of age, body mass index, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, histological subtype, tumor size, and node positivity. All patient information and surgical and postoperative follow-up data were retrospectively collected.RESULTS: Operating time was significantly longer (317 vs 236 minutes; P < 0.001) in the RRH group compared with the LRH group but mean estimated blood loss was significantly reduced in the RRH group (200 vs 350 mL; P = 0.036). Intraoperative and postoperative complications were not significantly different between the 2 groups (4.3% for RRH vs 1.45% for LRH; P = 0.439). Recurrences were 2 (8.7%) in the RRH and 7 (10.1%) in the LRH group. The overall 3-year recurrence-free survival was 91.3% in RRH group and 89.9% in the LRH group (P = 0.778).CONCLUSIONS: Although operating time was longer in the RRH cases because of lesser experience on robotic platform, we showed that surgical outcomes and complication rate of RRH were comparable to those of LRH. In addition, surgical skills for LRH easily and safely translated to RRH in case of experienced laparoscopic surgeon.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hysterectomy', 'Laparoscopy', 'Length of Stay', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Robotic Surgical Procedures', 'Uterine Cervical Neoplasms']
| 25,207,462
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.950.300.399'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E04.749.500', 'J01.897.104.834.500'], ['C04.588.945.418.948.850', 'C13.351.500.852.593.131', 'C13.351.500.852.762.850', 'C13.351.937.418.875.850']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Mast cell leukemia with rapidly progressing portal hypertension.
|
Reported herein is an autopsy case of mast cell leukemia, a rare form of systemic mastocytosis, complicated with portal hypertension. A 52-year-old woman presented with urticaria-like skin symptoms, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Atypical mast cells (CD2+, CD25+, CD117+) with toluidine blue metachromasia were found in the peripheral blood and on bone marrow aspiration smears. Chemotherapy with cytosine arabinoside and idarubicin was ineffective and the patient died of multi-organ failure with rapidly progressing hepatosplenomegaly and large-volume ascites 3 months after admission. At autopsy the bone marrow, spleen, liver, and lymph nodes were extensively infiltrated by atypical tumor cells with occasional bi- or multi-lobated nuclei. They were positive for mast cell tryptase and possessed an activating mutation of the c-kitgene (D816V). Ascites (2200 mL) and non-ruptured esophageal varices with submucosal hemorrhage indicated the presence of severe portal hypertension. Although there was no evidence of liver cirrhosis, the hepatic sinusoids were clogged with tumor cells, with a tendency to be more severe in the perivenular areas, and the lumens of central veins were obliterated by tumor cell infiltration. The present case demonstrates that non-cirrhotic portal hypertension due to blocking of sinusoidal and venous flow could be a serious complication in mast cell leukemia.
|
['Appendicitis', 'Fatal Outcome', 'Female', 'Glomerulonephritis, IGA', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Portal', 'Leiomyoma', 'Leukemia, Mast-Cell', 'Middle Aged', 'Ovarian Cysts', 'Uterine Neoplasms']
| 19,883,434
|
[['C01.463.099', 'C06.405.205.099', 'C06.405.469.110.207'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.325', 'N01.224.935.698.201', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.325', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.325'], ['C12.777.419.570.363.608', 'C13.351.968.419.570.363.608', 'C20.111.525'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.552.494'], ['C04.557.450.590.450'], ['C04.557.337.440', 'C04.557.337.539.275.440', 'C04.557.450.565.465.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.182.612', 'C13.351.500.056.630.580', 'C19.391.630.580'], ['C04.588.945.418.948', 'C13.351.500.852.762', 'C13.351.937.418.875']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Significance of rapid turnover proteins in protein-losing gastroenteropathy.
|
BACKGROUND/AIMS: We investigated the significance of rapid turnover proteins (retinal-binding protein, pre-albumin and transferrin) in protein-losing gastroenteropathy.METHODOLOGY: We evaluated the levels of these proteins in 12 patients with protein-losing gastroenteropathy.RESULTS: The protein-losing gastroenteropathy patients showed very low level of total serum protein of 4.3 +/- 0.7 g/dL, albumin 2.1 +/- 0.4 g/dL, and IgG 682 +/- 232 mg/dL. However, retinal-binding protein was 4.4 +/- 1.9 mg/dL (normal range; 2.5-8.0 mg/dL), pre-albumin 29.3 +/- 7.9 mg/dL (21-43 mg/dL) and transferrin 226 +/- 62 mg/dL (205-370 mg/dL). The levels of rapid turnover proteins, particularly retinal-binding protein and pre-albumin were almost preserved within the normal range, despite hypoproteinemia.CONCLUSIONS: If there is a patient with severe hypoproteinemia and preserved levels of rapid turnover proteins, protein-losing gastroenteropathy should be suspected and we get a strong proof to do the following examinations such as a fecal clearance of alpha-1 antitrypsin.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Blood Proteins', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prealbumin', 'Protein-Losing Enteropathies', 'Reference Values', 'Serum Albumin', 'Transferrin']
| 14,696,443
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.124'], ['D12.776.157'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.034.841.450', 'D12.776.124.727.750'], ['C06.405.469.818'], ['E05.978.810'], ['D12.776.034.841', 'D12.776.124.727'], ['D12.776.124.050.800', 'D12.776.124.790.223.839', 'D12.776.157.427.750.500', 'D12.776.377.715.182.839', 'D12.776.556.579.750.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Genomic analysis of Staphylococcus capitis isolated from blood cultures in neonates at a neonatal intensive care unit in Sweden.
|
Emergence of a genetically distinct, multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus capitis clone (NRCS-A) present in neonatal intensive care units has recently been extensively reported. The aims of the present study were to investigate which clones of S. capitis isolated from blood in a Swedish neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) have been present since 1987 and to investigate whether the NRCS-A clone has disseminated in Sweden. All S. capitis isolates from blood cultures of neonates (? 28 days of age) between 1987 and 2017 (n = 46) were whole-genome sequenced, and core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) was performed. Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based phylogenetic relationships between the S. capitis isolates and in silico predictions of presence of genetic traits specific to the NRCS-A clone were identified. Furthermore, antibiotic susceptibility testing, including screening for heterogeneous glycopeptide-intermediate resistance, was performed. Thirty-five isolates clustered closely to the isolates previously determined as belonging to the NRCS-A clone and had fewer than 81 core genome loci differences out of 1063. Twenty-one of these isolates were multidrug resistant. The NRCS-A clone was found in 2001. Six pairs of isolates had differences of fewer than two SNPs. Genetic traits associated with the NRCS-A clone such as nsr, ebh, tarJ, and CRISPR were found in all 35 isolates. The increasing incidence of S. capitis blood cultures of neonates is predominantly represented by the NRSC-A clone at our NICU in Sweden. Furthermore, there were indications of transmission between cases; adherence to basic hygiene procedures and surveillance measures are thus warranted.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bacteremia', 'Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Genome, Bacterial', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Intensive Care Units, Neonatal', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Phylogeny', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Staphylococcal Infections', 'Staphylococcus capitis', 'Sweden']
| 31,396,832
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['C01.150.252.100', 'C01.757.100', 'C23.550.470.790.500.100'], ['G06.099.225.812', 'G06.225.347.812', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.812', 'G07.690.773.984.300.500'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['G05.360.340.358.207'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['N02.278.388.493.390.380'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['C01.150.252.410.868'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.222', 'B03.353.500.750.750.222', 'B03.510.100.750.750.222', 'B03.510.400.790.750.222'], ['Z01.542.816.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Effect of hydrogen peroxide disinfection during incubation of chicken eggs on microbial levels and productivity.
|
Hatchery sanitation has a significant impact on chick quality. The proper use of disinfectants is essential. Aerosol bacterial counts, egg moisture loss, hatchability, chick quality, and broiler productivity were measured in eggs exposed to hydrogen peroxide fogging and compared with eggs not exposed to disinfectant during the incubation period. Hydrogen peroxide was also evaluated in the presence of a severe challenge with Staphylococcus aureus-contaminated eggs. A significant reduction was found in aerosol bacterial counts within the hatcher when incubators were fogged with 3% hydrogen peroxide when compared with water-fogged machines even in the face of high bacterial challenge. Eggs exposed to hydrogen peroxide lost a significantly greater amount of moisture during incubation, but hatchability was not affected. The use of hydrogen peroxide as a hatchery sanitizer did not affect broiler livability, body weight, or feed conversion but did reduce the incidence of retained yolk sacs in 42-day-old chickens.
|
['Aerosols', 'Air Pollution, Indoor', 'Animal Husbandry', 'Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Anti-Infective Agents, Local', 'Chickens', 'Disinfection', 'Eggs', 'Female', 'Food Handling', 'Housing, Animal', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Male', 'Staphylococcus aureus', 'Yolk Sac']
| 10,396,635
|
[['D20.280.055', 'D26.255.165.055'], ['N06.850.460.100.080'], ['J01.040.090'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['D27.505.954.122.187'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['N06.850.780.200.450.850.375'], ['G07.203.300.470', 'J02.500.470'], ['J01.576.423.200'], ['J03.340.250', 'N06.230.150.360.250'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100'], ['A10.615.284.981', 'A16.254.750.981', 'A16.331.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Cell-free DNA induced apoptosis of granulosa cells by oxidative stress.
|
BACKGROUND: Cell-free DNA is a DNA fragment that is produced by cell apoptosis which can affect the micro-environment of cell apoptosis. The levels of Cell-free DNA have been associated with successful rate of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) and embryonic development. Our aim is to determine the relationship between cell-free DNA and embryo quality. The mechanisms of cell-free DNA in granulose and the apoptosis will be determined also.METHODS: The study enrolled patients who were undergone IVF for the first time and grouped the patients as pregnant (n=130) and non-pregnant (n=59). The relationship was determined by statistical analysis between the levels of cell-free DNA in the follicular fluid and clinical data of IVF patients. Flow cytometry was done to detect the rate of granulosa cell apoptosis and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. Western blotting and fluorescent quantitative PCR detected the apoptosis-related gene expressions.RESULTS: Clinical data statistics showed that cell-free DNA levels were positively correlated with granulosa cell apoptosis and negatively correlated with embryo quality and pregnancy rates. High levels of cell-free DNA lead to increased ROS in granulosa cells and activated caspase through Fas/FasL that induced apoptosis.CONCLUSION: High levels of cell-free DNA triggers granulosa cell apoptosis and influences oocyte maturation embryo development and pregnancy rates in IVF treatments. Cell-free DNA can be as a secondary criteria and predictive marker for the quality control of IVF embryo.
|
['Adult', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell-Free Nucleic Acids', 'Fas Ligand Protein', 'Female', 'Granulosa Cells', 'Humans', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Pregnancy', 'Signal Transduction', 'fas Receptor']
| 27,884,753
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D13.444.154'], ['D12.644.276.374.750.249', 'D12.776.395.550.312', 'D12.776.467.374.750.249', 'D12.776.543.550.312', 'D23.529.374.750.249'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.535.200', 'A06.300.312.497.535.300', 'A11.382.812', 'A11.436.329'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.776.543.750.690.500', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.195']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Strengthening children's oral health: views from the field.
|
Low-income children and adolescents continue to bear a heavy burden of untreated pain and complications from dental disease. To explore why proposals to remediate this problem have not gained traction, the authors interviewed experts involved in efforts to improve the oral health status of low-income and minority children during the past decade. Key informants believe that success requires addressing both consumer demand and provider supply factors. They especially cite the lack of public outcry for more accessible oral health care and the undervaluing of oral health, relative to medical care. Informants were cautiously optimistic that strategies such as health literacy and outreach campaigns, which have helped increase children's physical activity and improve their diets, offer unexplored opportunities for progress.
|
['Child', 'Delivery of Health Care', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Humans', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Oral Health', 'Poverty Areas', 'United States']
| 22,068,412
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['N04.590.374', 'N05.300'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['N01.400.535'], ['I01.880.853.996.535.550', 'N01.824.600.550'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Expression of class I histocompatibility antigens on human T-B lymphoblast hybrids.
|
Expression of class I histocompatibility antigens (HLA-A and B) on hybrids of human T and B lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL) was examined. The T-LCL CEM expressed low levels of HLA-A and B antigens. CEMR and CEMR .3, two 8-azaguanine- and ouabain-resistant sublines of CEM used for fusion, expressed no detectable HLA-B antigens and expressed HLA-A antigens at a level below that of CEM. The three B-LCL studied expressed class I histocompatibility antigens at levels 50- to 80-fold in excess of that found on CEM as assessed by indirect immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. Total levels of class I histocompatibility antigens on hybrids of CEMR and CEMR .3 with B-LCL were similar to those found on the B-LCL. CEM-encoded HLA-A and B antigens were expressed on the hybrids at levels much greater than those seen on CEM itself; expression by the hybrids of CEM-encoded and B-LCL-encoded class I antigens was comparable. By RNA-DNA filter hybridization, CEMR .3 was found to have extremely low levels of class I heavy-chain mRNA compared with two B-LCL and with HSB, a T-LCL that expresses high levels of class I histocompatibility antigens. Thus, the paucity of HLA-A and B expression by CEMR .3 (and by inference, CEMR and CEM), as well as the enhancement of CEM-encoded HLA-A and B antigen expression on B-LCL X T-LCL hybrids, must be due, at least in part, to modulation of the level of transcripts encoding HLA class I heavy chains.
|
['Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Cell Line', 'Flow Cytometry', 'HLA Antigens', 'HLA-A Antigens', 'HLA-B Antigens', 'Humans', 'Hybrid Cells', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 6,609,440
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['A11.251.210'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['D23.050.301.500.450', 'D23.050.705.552.450'], ['D12.776.395.550.489.400', 'D12.776.543.550.439.400', 'D23.050.301.500.100.400', 'D23.050.301.500.450.370', 'D23.050.705.552.100.400', 'D23.050.705.552.450.370'], ['D12.776.395.550.489.500', 'D12.776.543.550.439.500', 'D23.050.301.500.100.500', 'D23.050.301.500.450.380', 'D23.050.705.552.100.500', 'D23.050.705.552.450.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.251.600'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of relaxin on parturition and frequency of live births in pigs.
|
Gilts on Day 105 of gestation were sham ovariectomized (Group C, N = 5); ovariectomized and given i.m. injections of 100 mg progesterone twice daily from Day 105 to 112 (Group OP, N = 5); or ovariectomized and given progesterone and i.m. injections of 1 mg highly purified porcine relaxin 4 times/day from Day 105 until the end of parturition (Group OPR, N = 5). Concentrations of progesterone in peripheral plasma of gilts in Group OP were similar to those in Group C. Relaxin was undetectable in peripheral plasma of gilts in Group OP which also showed prolonged parturition (P less than 0.001) and impaired frequency of live births (P less than 0.001), although onset of lactation was not affected. In Group OPR the duration of parturition and frequency of live births were similar to those observed for gilts in Group C. These results indicate that the ovarian hormone relaxin is necessary for normal duration of parturition and frequency of live births and that the onset of lactation is not prevented by an absence of relaxin.
|
['Animals', 'Castration', 'Female', 'Fetal Death', 'Labor, Obstetric', 'Pregnancy', 'Progesterone', 'Relaxin', 'Swine']
| 7,120,196
|
[['B01.050'], ['E04.270.282', 'E04.950.165'], ['C13.703.223', 'C23.550.260.585'], ['G08.686.784.769.326'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750'], ['D06.472.334.734.769', 'D06.472.699.715', 'D12.644.548.762'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Deep and superficial abdominal muscle activation during trunk stabilization exercises with and without instruction to hollow.
|
The deepest muscle of the human ventro-lateral abdominal wall, the Transversus Abdominis (TrA), has been ascribed a specific role in spine stabilization, which has motivated special core stability exercises and hollowing instruction to specifically involve this muscle. The purpose here was to evaluate the levels of activation of the TrA and the superficial Rectus Abdominis (RA) muscles during five common stabilization exercises performed in supine, bridging and four-point kneeling positions, with and without instruction to hollow, i.e. to continuously pull the lower part of the abdomen towards the spine. Nine habitually active women participated and muscle activity was recorded bilaterally from TrA and RA with intramuscular fine-wire electrodes introduced under the guidance of ultrasound. Results showed that subjects were able to selectively increase the activation of the TrA, isolated from the RA, with the specific instruction to hollow and that side differences in the amplitude of TrA activity, related to the asymmetry of the exercises, remained even after the instruction to hollow. The exercises investigated caused levels of TrA activation from 4 to 43% of that during maximal effort and can thus be used clinically to grade the load on the TrA when designing programs aiming at training that muscle.
|
['Abdominal Muscles', 'Adult', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Electromyography', 'Exercise Therapy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Low Back Pain', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Posture', 'Ultrasonography, Interventional']
| 20,570,549
|
[['A02.633.567.050'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.387', 'E02.779.483', 'E02.831.535.483'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.888.592.612.107.400'], ['G11.427.494'], ['G11.427.695'], ['E01.370.350.850.855', 'E04.502.890']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Case report. Spontaneous cholecystocolic fistula and locoregional liver tumour ablation: a cautionary tale.
|
A liver abscess is a feared and potentially fatal complication following transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of liver tumours. Iatrogenic bilio-enteric communications, such as bilio-enteric anastomosis, sphincterotomy and biliary stents, are considered major risk factors and are due to bacterial colonisation of the biliary tree with enteric flora. Naturally occurring spontaneous cholecysto-enteric fistula poses a similar risk as its iatrogenic counterparts but is rarely described in the literature. We present a case where abscess formation complicated a combined TACE and RFA in an unrecognised cholecystocolic fistula.
|
['Aged', 'Biliary Fistula', 'Catheter Ablation', 'Chemoembolization, Therapeutic', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Gallbladder Diseases', 'Humans', 'Liver Abscess', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 22,101,592
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C06.267.150', 'C23.300.575.185.150'], ['E02.808.750.500', 'E04.014.760.500'], ['E02.520.360.150', 'E02.926.500.150'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['C06.130.564'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.830.025.020.455', 'C06.552.597'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The Effect of COVID-19 on Orthopedic Practices and Surgeons in Louisiana.
|
This study was performed to analyze the effect that coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) has had on orthopedic surgeons' practices, their patients, and orthopedic surgeons themselves through a survey distributed to members of the Louisiana Orthopaedic Association (LOA). An anonymous 22-question online survey was created and distributed to 323 LOA members. Of the 323 recipients of the survey, 99 (30.7%) responded. As a part of a multiple response set, in which respondents could choose more than one answer, the majority reported delayed care for routine orthopedic injuries (81 of 97, 83.5%). Almost every surgeon (n=95, 96.0%) reported stopping or delaying elective surgery because of COVID-19 and an increase in pain/disability/deformity in patients due to delay in elective procedures (73 of 97, 75.3%) and delay in seeking care (66 of 97, 68.0%). The majority reported an increased use of telehealth visits (68 of 97, 70.1%), a decrease in patient volume (88 of 97, 90.7%), and a reduction in income (79 of 98, 80.6%) during the past 6 months. A majority of surgeons (58 of 98, 59.2%) reported that they had applied for government assistance or took out loans. Via a multiple response set, respondents indicated that as a result of the pandemic, telehealth will become more widespread (64 of 98, 65.3%) and hospitals will exert a stronger influence over health care (64 of 98, 65.3%). The COVID-19 pandemic has had lasting effects on orthopedic surgeons in Louisiana and their practices, with a substantial decrease in the number of patients treated (90.5%), surgical volume, and revenue (80.6%). Orthopedic surgeons affected by the pandemic could use these data to further understand future challenges with patient care and changing orthopedic practice dynamics during this unique time. [Orthopedics. 2020;43(6):351-355.].
|
['Betacoronavirus', 'COVID-19', 'Coronavirus Infections', 'Elective Surgical Procedures', 'Facilities and Services Utilization', 'Female', 'Health Care Surveys', 'Hospital Administration', 'Humans', 'Income', 'Louisiana', 'Male', 'Orthopedic Procedures', 'Orthopedic Surgeons', 'Pandemics', 'Pneumonia, Viral', "Practice Patterns, Physicians'", 'Remote Consultation', 'SARS-CoV-2']
| 33,211,903
|
[['B04.820.578.500.540.150.113'], ['C01.748.214', 'C01.748.610.763.500', 'C01.925.705.500', 'C01.925.782.600.550.200.163', 'C08.381.677.807.500', 'C08.730.214', 'C08.730.610.763.500'], ['C01.925.782.600.550.200'], ['E04.249'], ['E05.318.740.388', 'H01.548.832.625', 'N04.452.289', 'N05.715.360.750.344', 'N06.850.520.830.375'], ['E05.318.308.980.344', 'N03.349.380.210', 'N05.425.210', 'N05.715.360.300.800.344', 'N06.850.520.308.980.344'], ['H02.309', 'N02.278.216.500', 'N04.452.442.452'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N01.824.417'], ['Z01.107.567.875.750.480'], ['E02.718', 'E04.555'], ['M01.526.485.810.910.875', 'N02.360.810.910.875'], ['N06.850.290.200.600'], ['C01.748.610.763', 'C01.925.705', 'C08.381.677.807', 'C08.730.610.763'], ['N04.590.374.577', 'N05.300.625'], ['L01.178.847.652.550', 'N04.452.758.849.550', 'N04.590.374.800.550'], ['B04.820.578.500.540.150.113.968']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Loss of smad4 in Sertoli and Leydig cells leads to testicular dysgenesis and hemorrhagic tumor formation in mice.
|
As the central component of canonical TGFbeta superfamily signaling, SMAD4 is a critical regulator of organ development, patterning, tumorigenesis, and many other biological processes. Because numerous TGFbeta superfamily ligands are expressed in developing testes, there may exist specific requirements for SMAD4 in individual testicular cell types. Previously, we reported that expansion of the fetal testis cords requires expression of SMAD4 by the Sertoli cell lineage. To further uncover the role of Smad4 in murine testes, we produced conditional knockout mice lacking Smad4 in either Leydig cells or in both Sertoli and Leydig cells simultaneously. Loss of Smad4 concomitantly in Sertoli and Leydig cells led to underdevelopment of the testis cords during fetal life and mild testicular dysgenesis in young adulthood (decreased testis size, partially dysgenic seminiferous tubules, and low sperm production). When the Sertoli/Leydig cell Smad4 conditional knockout mice aged (56- to 62-wk old), the testis phenotypes became exacerbated with the appearance of hemorrhagic tumors, Leydig cell adenomas, and a complete loss of spermatogenesis. In contrast, loss of Smad4 in Leydig cells alone did not appreciably alter fetal and adult testis development. Our findings support a cell type-specific requirement of Smad4 in testis development and suppression of testicular tumors.
|
['Adenoma', 'Aging', 'Animals', 'Gonadal Dysgenesis', 'Hemorrhage', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Leydig Cells', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Organ Size', 'Seminiferous Tubules', 'Sertoli Cells', 'Smad4 Protein', 'Testicular Neoplasms', 'Testis']
| 24,501,173
|
[['C04.557.470.035'], ['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['C12.706.316.309', 'C13.351.875.253.309', 'C16.131.939.316.309', 'C19.391.119.309'], ['C23.550.414'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['A05.360.444.849.513', 'A06.300.312.782.513', 'A11.382.906', 'A11.436.513'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['A05.360.444.849.700'], ['A05.360.444.849.789', 'A11.382.952', 'A11.436.837'], ['D12.644.360.024.334.750', 'D12.776.157.057.170.750', 'D12.776.260.713.750', 'D12.776.476.024.428.750', 'D12.776.624.776.760', 'D12.776.930.806.750'], ['C04.588.322.762', 'C04.588.945.440.915', 'C12.294.260.937', 'C12.758.409.937', 'C19.344.762', 'C19.391.829.782'], ['A05.360.444.849', 'A05.360.576.782', 'A06.300.312.782']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Delayed recurrence of acute retinal necrosis (ARN): A case series.
|
PURPOSE: To report five cases of acute retinal necrosis (ARN) that reactivated in the same eye or presented in the contralateral eye between two and nineteen years after the initial episode of acute retinal necrosis.CASES: Five patients with a previous history of ARN developed recurrent ARN infection following a lengthy latency period. In all five patients who initially presented with unilateral disease, four developed infection in the contralateral eye and one developed recurrent infection in the ipsilateral eye. Latency periods ranged from two to nineteen years, and final visual acuity in the affected eyes ranged from 20/30 to no light perception. Each patient was treated with antiviral medication for both the initial infection and for subsequent reactivations, but was not on long-term prophylaxis at the time of recurrent disease.CONCLUSION: Although rare, delayed onset reactivation of ARN can occur in either the same eye or contralateral eye despite adequate treatment. While contralateral spread of initial infection is fairly common, these reactivations rarely occur more than six weeks after initial infection. Currently there are no guidelines for use of prophylactic antiviral medication to prevent late recurrence of ARN.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Antiviral Agents', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Premedication', 'Recurrence', 'Retinal Necrosis Syndrome, Acute', 'Simplexvirus', 'Virus Latency']
| 27,179,886
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.319.703'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['C11.768.773.674'], ['B04.280.382.100.750'], ['G06.920.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Contribution of copper ion resistance to survival of Escherichia coli on metallic copper surfaces.
|
Bacterial contamination of touch surfaces poses a serious threat for public health. The use of bactericidal surface materials, such as copper and its alloys, might constitute a way to aid the use of antibiotics and disinfectants, thus minimizing the risk of emergence and spread of multiresistant germs. The survival of Escherichia coli on metallic copper surfaces has been studied previously; however, the mechanisms underlying bacterial inactivation on copper surfaces have not been elucidated. Data presented in this study suggest that bacteria are killed rapidly on dry copper surfaces. Several factors, such as copper ion toxicity, copper chelators, cold, osmotic stress, and reactive oxygen species, but not anaerobiosis, influenced killing rates. Strains deleted in copper detoxification systems were slightly more sensitive than was the wild type. Preadaptation to copper enhanced survival rates upon copper surface exposure. This study constitutes a first step toward understanding the reasons for metallic copper surface-mediated killing of bacteria.
|
['Cations', 'Copper', 'Escherichia coli', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Survival Analysis']
| 18,156,321
|
[['D01.248.497.300'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Screening for effects of phytochemical variability on cytoplasmic protein synthesis pattern of crop plants.
|
Crop plants have to cope with phytochemical variability along with other environmental stresses. Allelochemicals affect several cellular processes. We tested the effect of toxic aqueous leachates from Sicyos deppei, Acacia sedillense, Sebastiania adenophora, and Lantana camara on the radicle growth and cytoplasmic protein synthesis patterns of Zea mays (maize), Phaseolus vulgaris (bean), Cucurbita pepo (squash), and Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato). 2D-PAGE and gel scan densitometry analysis were used to detect differences in cytoplasmic root protein pattern expression. High-, medium-, and low-molecular-weight cytoplasmic proteins were affected by the different aqueous leachates. Crop plant responses were diverse, but in general, an increase in protein synthesis was observed in the treated roots. Maize was the least affected, but both the radicle growth and also the protein pattern of tomato were severely inhibited by all allelopathic plants. The changes observed in protein expression may indicate a biochemical alteration at the cellular level of the tested crop plants.
|
['Cucurbita', 'Cytoplasm', 'Lycopersicon esculentum', 'Molecular Weight', 'Plant Extracts', 'Plant Roots', 'Plants', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'Zea mays']
| 11,944,837
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.300.222'], ['A11.284.430.214'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.322'], ['G02.494'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['A18.400'], ['B01.650'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Earlier onset of diabesity-Induced adverse cardiac remodeling in female compared to male mice.
|
OBJECTIVE: Emerging evidence suggests female type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients may fare worse than males with respect to cardiovascular complications. Hence the impact of sex on relative progression of left ventricular (LV) remodeling in obese db/db mice was characterized.METHODS: The changes in parameters of LV hypertrophy (heart weight, pro-hypertrophic gene expression, cardiomyocyte size) and fibrosis (LV collagen deposition and oxidative stress), in parallel with body weight and blood glucose and lipid profiles, in male and female db/db T2DM mice, at 10, 14, and 18 weeks of age, were determined.RESULTS: Diabesity-induced cardiac remodeling was at least comparable in female (compared to male) mice. Females exhibited enhanced systemic oxidative stress and nonesterified fatty acid levels. Progression of LV pro-hypertrophic (â-myosin heavy chain, B-type natriuretic peptide) and pro-oxidant gene expression (NADPH oxidase subunit Nox2, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 PAI-I) was, however, exaggerated in females when expressed relative to 10-week-old db/db mice. Increased cardiomyocyte width was also evident earlier in db/db females than males. No other gender differences were observed.CONCLUSIONS: Progressive, age-dependent development of cardiac remodeling in db/db mice parallels impairments in glucose handling and oxidative stress. Certain aspects of the T2DM-induced LV remodeling response may have an earlier and/or exaggerated onset in diabetic females.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Glucose', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Female', 'Fibrosis', 'Heart', 'Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Obese', 'Models, Animal', 'Myocytes, Cardiac', 'Natriuretic Peptide, Brain', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Sex Factors', 'Ventricular Remodeling']
| 25,959,739
|
[['B01.050'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['C23.550.355'], ['A07.541'], ['C14.280.195.400', 'C23.300.775.250.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.530'], ['E05.598'], ['A07.541.704.570', 'A10.690.552.750.570', 'A11.620.500'], ['D06.472.699.584.625', 'D12.644.548.585.625', 'D12.776.631.590'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D12.644.861.695.500', 'D12.776.124.125.640', 'D12.776.872.695.500', 'D23.119.832.500'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['C23.300.985', 'G09.330.955.975']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Outward K+ current in epithelial cells isolated from intermediate portion of endolymphatic sac of guinea pigs.
|
Ion currents in epithelial cells isolated from the intermediate portion of endolymphatic sac (ES) in guinea pigs were investigated with the use of the whole cell patch-clamp technique. Depolarizing voltage steps from a holding potential of -60 mV induced a time- and voltage-dependent outward current, which is comparable to that of delayed rectifying K+ currents. The average resting membrane potential in the current-clamp mode was -54.8 +/- 11 mV (n = 45), which was similar to the value of zero current potential (-55.6 +/- 0.8 mV, n = 32) obtained from current-voltage (I-V) relationships of outward currents in voltage-clamp mode. The I-V relationship of the tail current exhibited a reversal potential (Erev) of -78.1 +/- 0.9 mV (n = 19) in standard external solution. The Erev of the outward current was linearly related to the logarithm of extracellular K+ concentrations. The slope was 48 mV per 10-fold change in extracellular K+ concentrations. The time constants of K+ current activation, inactivation, and K+ tail current deactivation were voltage dependent. The steady-state activation and inactivation of K+ current exhibited a sigmoidal relationship to voltage. The 50% maximal activation voltage and slope factor were -21 and 11 mV (n = 8), respectively. The 50% maximal inactivation voltage and slope factor were -45 and 13 mV (n = 7), respectively. The K+ current was blocked by externally applied 1 mM 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), 5 mM Ba2+ and 20 mM tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA). The sensitivity of the current to 4-AP and Ba2+ was higher than that to TEA. Elimination of external Ca2+ and increase of internal Ca2+ failed to significantly change the current, suggesting that the K+ current may be Ca2+ independent. The results show that epithelial cells in the intermediate portion of the ES possess a delayed-rectifier K+ current, which may be involved in membrane stability or in the ion balance between the cytosol and the extracellular environment.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Epithelium', 'Female', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Kinetics', 'Lymphatic System', 'Male', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Patch-Clamp Techniques', 'Potassium', 'Potassium Channels', 'Time Factors']
| 8,944,662
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['A10.272'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['A15.382.520'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['E05.200.500.905', 'E05.242.800'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Esophageal atresia with distal tracheo-esophageal fistula. Evolution of the treatment in the period of 1955-2000 at the Anna Meyer Children's Hospital of Florence].
|
BACKGROUND: Over the past decades the esophageal atresia (EA) has represented the greatest challenging malformation encountered by the pediatric surgeon. Since then, there have been considerable advancements in the treatment of EA. In this paper the experience at the "Anna Meyer Children's Hospital of Florence" in regards to the surgical treatment of the EA from 1955 to present day is reported, so that the analysis of the various medical and surgical choices followed by the authors and their predecessors in this long period, can be an important learning tool for the EA management.METHODS: From 1955 to 2000, 223 newborns affected by EA with tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) have been operated on out of a total of 250 cases of EA. Our experience has been subdivided into periods on the basis of homogeneous medical and surgical treatment adopted in that determined time. We have analyzed particularly the data of the last period 1995-2000, where there has been a well standardized protocol of treatment from the medical, surgical and intensive care points of view.RESULTS: The mortality rate has decreased from 44.8 to 3.4% with a significant reduction (p<0.001) between the years 1979-1983 and 1984-2000, due to the introduction of a perioperative treatment in the newborn intensive care unit. Moreover, a significant correlation (p<0.05) has been shown between low birthweight and associated malformations, two risk factors that however do not negatively influence the results of the treatment in the last period 1995-2000.CONCLUSIONS: A full integration between the surgeon and neonatologist is necessary in order to guarantee a good result. The risk connected to EA is not as much the surgical procedure as the presence or absence of associate malformations that are undetected in the prenatal diagnosis. It is suggested that, in order to further reduce the mortality and morbidity rate after EA correction, the number of prenatal diagnoses should be increased.
|
['Esophageal Atresia', 'Esophageal Fistula', 'Female', 'Fistula', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Tracheal Diseases', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 11,981,527
|
[['C06.198.330', 'C06.405.117.260', 'C16.131.314.330'], ['C06.267.250', 'C06.405.117.367', 'C23.300.575.185.250'], ['C23.300.575'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C08.907'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Construction of pSPI12-cured Salmonella enterica serovar Pullorum and identification of IpaJ as an immune response modulator.
|
In Salmonella, plasmids participate in many pathways involved in virulence, metabolism, and antibiotic resistance. To investigate the function of the ipaJ gene in a multi-copy plasmid pSPI12 prevalent in Salmonella enterica serovar Pullorum (S. Pullorum), we established a method to eliminate the plasmid and constructed the plasmid-cured bacteria C79-13-ÄpSPI12 by using the suicide vector pDM4. Briefly, a 500 bp fragment ipaJU from pSPI12 was cloned into pDM4 and transformed into S. Pullorum C79-13 by conjugative transfer. After homologous recombination, the suicide vector was inserted into pSPI12 to produce pSPI12-pDM4-ipaJU. Induction of the expression of the sacB gene in the suicide vector killed the bacteria harbouring plasmid, while the progeny losing the plasmid survived in the plate with sucrose. The plasmid-cured strain showed extremely decreased ability to infect chicken macrophage HD11 cells and LMH hepatic epithelial cells compared to wild type strain and complementary strain carrying ipaJ. Additionally, IFN-ã mRNA levels were up-regulated in HD11 cells or chicken spleens infected by plasmid-cured strain, but no difference was detected in IL-4 among the three strains. Transforming ipaJ into S. Enteritidis also decreased expression of proinflammatory cytokines in infected macrophages or chicken spleens compared to wild type strain. These results suggest that the ipaJ gene in pSPI12 is involved in S. Pullorum infection and that IpaJ protein modulates immune response.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, Bacterial', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Chickens', 'Cytokines', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Immunologic Factors', 'Macrophages', 'Plasmids', 'Poultry Diseases', 'Salmonella Infections, Animal', 'Salmonella enterica', 'Serogroup', 'Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms', 'Spleen', 'Virulence']
| 29,712,441
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050.161'], ['D12.776.097'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['G05.360.337'], ['D27.505.696.477'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['G05.360.600'], ['C22.131.728'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.821.706', 'C22.812'], ['B03.440.450.425.800.200', 'B03.660.250.150.710.160'], ['G05.695.825'], ['G06.320.676'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['G06.930']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Determination of retinol, antioxidant vitamins and homocysteine in skin puncture blood.
|
For determination of the vitamin status via mass screening, simple and rapid methods are required. Additionally, blood samples should be obtained using simple and low invasive sampling techniques. To fulfill this existing methods have been modified to analyze retinol, tocopherols, beta-carotene, vitamin C and homocysteine in 20 microliters plasma. Blood samples were obtained via skin punctures. HPLC measurements were carried out with isocratic separation and precolumn derivatization. Intra and interday variation coefficients were below 8% and regression coefficients better than 0.99 for all measurements. The difference between venous and capillary samples were < 5%. In conclusion, the methods employed proved satisfactory for the determination of important nutritional parameters in blood samples obtained via skin punctures. These methods are therefore well suited for mass screening, especially under field conditions in developing countries.
|
['Antioxidants', 'Calibration', 'Capillaries', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Homocysteine', 'Humans', 'Mass Screening', 'Nutritional Status', 'Skin', 'Vitamin A']
| 10,526,774
|
[['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['E05.978.155'], ['A07.015.461.165'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D02.886.030.498', 'D12.125.166.498'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['G07.203.650.650', 'N01.224.425.525'], ['A17.815'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.495.818', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700.860', 'D02.455.849.131.495.818', 'D02.455.849.291.925', 'D23.767.261.700.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Multi-unit relations among neural, self-report, and behavioral correlates of emotion regulation in comorbid depression and obesity.
|
Depression is a leading cause of disability and is commonly comorbid with obesity. Emotion regulation is impaired in both depression and obesity. In this study, we aimed to explicate multi-unit relations among brain connectivity, behavior, and self-reported trait measures related to emotion regulation in a comorbid depressed and obese sample (N = 77). Brain connectivity was quantified as fractional anisotropy (FA) of the uncinate fasciculi, a white matter tract implicated in emotion regulation and in depression. Use of emotion regulation strategies was assessed using the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ). We additionally measured reaction times to identifying negative emotions, a behavioral index of depression-related emotion processing biases. We found that greater right uncinate fasciculus FA was related to greater usage of suppression (r = 0.27, p = 0.022), and to faster reaction times to identifying negative emotions, particularly sadness (r = -0.30, p = 0.010) and fear (r = -0.35, p = 0.003). These findings suggest that FA of the right uncinate fasciculus corresponds to maladaptive emotion regulation strategies and emotion processing biases that are relevant to co-occurring depression and obesity. Interventions that consider these multi-unit associations may prove to be useful for subtyping and improving clinical outcomes for comorbid depression and obesity.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Comorbidity', 'Connectome', 'Depression', 'Emotions', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Reaction Time', 'Self Report', 'White Matter', 'Young Adult']
| 30,232,351
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500.249', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500.249', 'E05.629.875.500.500'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['F01.470'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['E05.318.308.980.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.500'], ['A08.186.211.204', 'A08.186.854.880'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Tear glucose dynamics in diabetes mellitus.
|
This study compares tear glucose dynamic differences between 121 diabetic and nondiabetic subjects after the administration of a carbohydrate load. A quantitative chromatographic analysis of tear glucose was used and the values correlated to blood glucose values. Diabetic and nondiabetic tear glucose mean values were 0.35 +/- 0.04 mmol/L and 0.16 +/- 0.03 mmol/L, respectively. Significant differences were observed among the subject groups in both the tear and capillary blood glucose values. A correlation between tear glucose and capillary blood glucose was observed. The concentration of glucose in the tear fluid changes proportionately with respect to capillary blood glucose after a carbohydrate challenge. Although it is possible to determine the diabetic status of a subject using tear glucose values alone, in the clinical setting this may not prove to be practical due to technical limitations.
|
['Blood Glucose', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Glucose', 'Humans', 'Monitoring, Ambulatory', 'Prospective Studies', 'Tears']
| 17,114,114
|
[['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.520.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['A12.200.882']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Endoscopic laser medial arytenoidectomy for treatment of bilateral vocal fold paralysis.
|
Endoscopic laser medial arytenoidectomy for bilateral vocal fold paralysis has the advantage of preserving the structure and the position of the vocal fold, contrary to a transverse cordotomy or total arytenoidectomy. Our objective was to evaluate the functional results of this procedure. This is a prospective non-randomized study. Twenty patients were included: five patients had a tracheotomy preoperatively and 15 patients had dyspnea on exertion. Acoustic voice measurements, spirometric parameters and the voice handicap index 120 (VHI), were evaluated 1 week before surgery and 3 months after. All the five patients with tracheotomy were successfully decannulated. Acoustic records and VHI were available for eight patients. Jitter and shimmer were worse (p = 0.0078), whereas the VHI was not significantly different after surgery. Spirometric records, available for six patients, were not modified. Endoscopic laser medial arytenoidectomy allowed decannulation and subjective improvement of quality of life in patients with bilateral vocal fold paralysis.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Arytenoid Cartilage', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Laryngoscopy', 'Laser Therapy', 'Lasers, Gas', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Speech Acoustics', 'Spirometry', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vocal Cord Paralysis', 'Voice Quality', 'Young Adult']
| 23,483,191
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A02.165.257.625.083', 'A02.165.407.500.083', 'A04.329.591.085'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.386.460', 'E01.370.388.250.525', 'E04.502.250.525', 'E04.580.373'], ['E02.594', 'E04.014.520'], ['E07.632.490.367', 'E07.710.520.367'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['G11.561.812.650', 'G11.561.820'], ['E01.370.386.700.750'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C08.360.931', 'C09.400.931', 'C10.292.887.800', 'C10.597.622.943', 'C23.888.592.636.943'], ['G09.772.925.960'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Characterization of the catalase of the n-alkane-utilizing yeast Candida tropicalis functionally expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
|
Candida tropicalis catalase (CTC) genomic DNA was recombined on a plasmid with the galactose-inducible GAL7 promoter and expressed highly as a heme protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae as host. The percentage of recombinant CTC (rCTC) in total extractable protein amounted to at least 25%. The rCTC was purified and characterized in terms of subunit mass, behavior in native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, absorption spectrum, amino-terminal amino acid sequence, peptide map, specific activity, and Michaelis constant (Km) value for hydrogen peroxide. These properties were similar or identical to those of the purified enzyme from C. tropicalis (CTC). From these results, this system appears suitable for high expression of functional catalase protein having heme.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Biotechnology', 'Candida', 'Catalase', 'DNA, Fungal', 'Escherichia coli', 'Gene Expression', 'Genes, Fungal', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Plasmids', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae']
| 7,764,426
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['H01.158.550', 'J01.897.120'], ['B01.300.107.795.095', 'B01.300.381.147', 'B01.300.930.176'], ['D08.811.682.732.332'], ['D13.444.308.300'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.297'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.500', 'G05.360.340.358.024.500', 'G05.360.340.358.365.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.360.600'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Color Doppler sonographic findings in penile fracture.
|
We performed color Doppler sonographic examination on 4 patients, 3 of whom had preliminary diagnoses of penile fracture and 1 of whom had undergone an operation due to penile fracture a year previously. Color Doppler sonography helped evaluate the relationships between the hematoma and the vascular structures and aided in differential diagnosis of the vascular injuries that may accompany tunical rupture (or have similar clinical presentations) and Mondor's disease; thus, this method has a crucial role in choosing the treatment approach. Color Doppler sonography may also assist in the follow-up of patients after surgical or conservative treatment.
|
['Adult', 'Hematoma', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Penis', 'Rupture', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color']
| 15,690,447
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C23.550.414.838'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.360.444.492'], ['C26.761'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.350.850.850.850.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Prognostic value of LAT-1 status in solid cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
|
BACKGROUND: The expression of the L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) plays a significant role in tumor progression. However, it remains unclear whether high LAT1 expression correlates with poor prognosis of solid tumor patients. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis to assess the potential of LAT1 in predicting the prognosis of tumor patients.METHODS AND FINDINGS: A total of 4,579 cases were analyzed from 35 qualified studies. In patients with solid tumors, elevated expression of LAT1 is associated with poor prognosis (overall survival [OS]: pooled hazard ratio (HR) = 1.848, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.620-2.108, P < 0.001; disease free survival [DFS]: pooled HR = 1.923, 95% CI = 1.585-2.333, P < 0.001; progression free survival [PFS]: pooled HR = 1.345, 95% CI = 1.133-1.597, P = 0.001). Furthermore, in subgroup analysis, we found an association between high LAT1 expression and poor OS in non-small cell lung cancer (HR = 1.554, 95% CI = 1.345-1.794, P < 0.001), pancreatic cancer (HR = 2.052, 95% CI = 1.613-2.724, P < 0.001) and biliary tract cancer (HR = 2.253, 95% CI = 1.562-3.227, P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: The results of this meta-analysis indicate the reliability and potential of using LAT1 expression as a predictive biomarker in solid cancers prior to treatment. However, further studies with larger sample sizes would be beneficial for fully evaluating the predictive value of LAT1 expression for clinical applications.
|
['Biliary Tract Neoplasms', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Humans', 'Large Neutral Amino Acid-Transporter 1', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Neoplasms', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Prognosis', 'Survival Analysis']
| 32,469,987
|
[['C04.588.274.120', 'C06.130.320', 'C06.301.120'], ['D23.101.140'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.157.530.200.500.500.500.300.500', 'D12.776.157.530.937.313.500.625.500', 'D12.776.543.585.200.500.500.500.500.500', 'D12.776.543.585.937.313.500.625.500'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['C04'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of murine strain on metabolic pathways of glucose production after brief or prolonged fasting.
|
Background strain is known to influence the way a genetic manipulation affects mouse phenotypes. Despite data that demonstrate variations in the primary phenotype of basic inbred strains of mice, there is limited data available about specific metabolic fluxes in vivo that may be responsible for the differences in strain phenotypes. In this study, a simple stable isotope tracer/NMR spectroscopic protocol has been used to compare metabolic fluxes in ICR, FVB/N (FVB), C57BL/6J (B6), and 129S1/SvImJ (129) mouse strains. After a short-term fast in these mice, there were no detectable differences in the pathway fluxes that contribute to glucose synthesis. However, after a 24-h fast, B6 mice retain some residual glycogenolysis compared with other strains. FVB mice also had a 30% higher in vivo phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase flux and total glucose production from the level of the TCA cycle compared with B6 and 129 strains, while total body glucose production in the 129 strain was approximately 30% lower than in either FVB or B6 mice. These data indicate that there are inherent differences in several pathways involving glucose metabolism of inbred strains of mice that may contribute to a phenotype after genetic manipulation in these animals. The techniques used here are amenable to use as a secondary or tertiary tool for studying mouse models with disruptions of intermediary metabolism.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Animals', 'Blood Glucose', 'Fasting', 'Glucose', 'Metabolic Clearance Rate', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Signal Transduction', 'Species Specificity', 'Time Factors']
| 15,797,985
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['B01.050'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['F01.145.407.400', 'G07.203.650.240.587', 'G07.203.650.353.400'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['E01.370.225.843', 'E05.200.843', 'G03.490', 'G07.690.595', 'G07.690.725.513'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['G16.824'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cloning of a cDNA encoding ovine keratinocyte growth factor.
|
A cDNA encoding the ovine keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) has been cloned. A 622-bp cDNA, containing the entire protein coding region, was amplified from an ovine adenocarcinoma fibroblast cell line. The cDNA was found to share 95% nucleotide identity with dog KGF, 94% identity with human KGF, 90% identity with mouse KGF and 88% identity with rat KGF. The predicted ovine amino-acid sequence shares 98.5, 98, 96 and 94% identity, respectively, with the corresponding dog, human, mouse and rat proteins. The KGF gene is present as a single copy in the ovine genome.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Dogs', 'Fibroblast Growth Factor 10', 'Fibroblast Growth Factor 7', 'Fibroblast Growth Factors', 'Growth Substances', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Rats', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Sheep', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 10,520,741
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['D12.644.276.624.200', 'D12.776.467.624.200', 'D23.529.624.200'], ['D12.644.276.624.170', 'D12.776.467.624.170', 'D23.529.624.170'], ['D12.644.276.624', 'D12.776.467.624', 'D23.529.624'], ['D27.505.696.377'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Phase I clinical trial of nasopharyngeal radiotherapy and concurrent celecoxib for patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
|
We evaluated the incidence of acute toxicity of concurrent cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor (celecoxib) plus radiotherapy in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Thirty-four patients received an accumulated radiation dose of 72-76Gy in 36-38 fractions to the primary lesion and 60Gy in 30 fractions to cervical lymph-node lesions. Palpable residual nodes were boosted to 70Gy at the 90% isodose level with an electron field. Celecoxib was administered at escalating doses of 400, 600, and 800mg/day, starting 3days before the first fraction of radiotherapy and continuing throughout the course of radiotherapy. The majority of toxicities were grade 1, with mucositis and weight loss most frequently observed (28 of 34, 82.4%), followed by dermatitis (27 of 34, 79.4%) and otitis (14 of 34, 41.2%). The toxicities were not related to celecoxib dose (all P>0.05). Stomach pain was considered related to celecoxib, which developed in 2 patients at doses of 400mg and 800mg/day. No grade-3 or -4 toxicities or episodes of toxic death occurred. The tumors in 31 patients (31/34, 91.2%) showed a complete response, and 3 patients (3/34, 8.8%) had partial responses. The actuarial local progression-free survival was 96.6% at 1year, and the 2year overall survival rate was 84.6%. Celecoxib can be safely administered concurrently with nasopharyngeal radiotherapy at doses up to 800mg/day. The tumors responded well to treatment warranting further assessment in a phase II trial.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Celecoxib', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Pyrazoles', 'Radiation Dosage', 'Sulfonamides', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 21,708,478
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['D02.065.884.247', 'D02.886.590.700.247', 'D03.383.129.539.160'], ['E02.186'], ['D27.505.519.389.310.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500.500.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030.500.500', 'D27.505.954.329.030.500.500'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.443.665.710.650', 'C07.550.350.650', 'C07.550.745.650', 'C09.647.710.650', 'C09.775.350.650', 'C09.775.549.650'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['D03.383.129.539'], ['E05.799.513', 'G01.750.740', 'N06.850.810.250'], ['D02.065.884', 'D02.886.590.700'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Preliminary testing of GaN-based dosimeters for electron beam radiotherapy.
|
The response of an implantable in vivo dosimetric system based on gallium nitride radioluminescence was investigated for electron beam radiotherapy using ELEKTA SLi and VARIAN Clinac 2100 CD Linear Accelerators. A bi-channel method has been implemented for fibre background rejection. The percentage depth dose (PDD) profiles were measured in polymethyl methacrylate for 6, 12 and 18 MeV electron beams. The PDD results were in excellent agreement with those measured with reference to ionisation chambers.
|
['Algorithms', 'Electrons', 'Gallium', 'Humans', 'Ions', 'Luminescence', 'Particle Accelerators', 'Phantoms, Imaging', 'Polymethyl Methacrylate', 'Radiometry', 'Radiotherapy', 'Radiotherapy Dosage', 'Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Software']
| 25,813,482
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G01.249.335', 'G01.358.500.750'], ['D01.268.556.289', 'D01.552.544.289'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.248.497'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665', 'G01.590.540.665', 'G01.750.250.650.665', 'G01.750.770.578.665'], ['E07.710.680'], ['E07.671'], ['D02.241.081.069.800.550.500', 'D05.750.716.822.111.650.605.500', 'D25.720.716.822.111.650.605.500', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.111.650.605.500'], ['E05.799'], ['E02.815'], ['E02.815.639'], ['E02.950.825', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.608'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['L01.224.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Trans mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids in human milk.
|
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to identify the trans isomers of C18 fatty acids in some human milk samples.SUBJECTS: Ten human milk samples from French women were collected in a local milk bank in order to assess their trans mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content.INTERVENTION: The fatty acid profile was examined using methyl and isopropyl ester derivatives. The combination of gas-liquid chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography and silver nitrate thin-layer chromatography was needed to describe the detailed fatty acid compositions, including the trans isomers of unsaturated C18 fatty acids.RESULTS: All the samples contained trans isomers of C18:1 acid (mean level 1.9 +/- 0.2% of total fatty acids), with trans vaccenic acid being the major isomer. The samples also contained various isomers of linoleic and alpha-linolenic acid, but at lower levels. Trans isomers of PUFA are the same as those present in deodorised or deep-fried oils. One sample presented an abnormally high degree of isomerisation of alpha-linolenic acid (almost 50%). This was related to the dietary habit or consuming foods that were deep-fried in rapeseed oil. This milk sample also contained some cyclic fatty acid monomers.CONCLUSION: The human milk samples collected in this study contained some trans fatty acids, including isomers of essential fatty acids. This should be taken into account in the dietary intake of the newborn.
|
['Adult', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated', 'Fatty Acids, Unsaturated', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lactation', 'Milk, Human', 'Stereoisomerism']
| 7,588,503
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D10.251.355.325'], ['D10.251.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.523', 'G08.686.702.500'], ['A12.200.467', 'A12.790.500', 'G07.203.100.700.500', 'G07.203.300.350.525.500', 'J02.200.700.500', 'J02.500.350.525.500'], ['G02.607.445.682']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
p16(INK4a) lesions are common, early abnormalities that undergo clonal expansion in Barrett's metaplastic epithelium.
|
Barrett's esophagus (BE) is the only known precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma, a cancer of which the incidence has been increasing at an alarming rate in Western countries. p16(INK4a) lesions occur frequently in esophageal adenocarcinomas but their role in neoplastic progression is not well understood. We detected 9p21 loss of heterozygosity, p16 CpG island methylation, and p16 mutations in biopsies from 57%, 61%, and 15%, respectively, of 107 patients with BE. In contrast, no mutations were found in p14(ARF) or p15, and methylation was found in only 4% and 13%, respectively. >85% of Barrett's segments had clones with one (p16+/-) or two (p16-/-) p16 lesions. Both p16+/- and p16-/- clones underwent extensive expansion involving up to 17 cm of esophageal mucosa. The prevalence of established biomarkers in BE, such as 17p (p53) loss of heterozygosity, aneuploidy, and/or increased 4N (tetraploid) populations, increased from 0% to 20% to 44% in patients whose biopsies were p16+/+, p16+/-, and p16-/-, respectively (P < 0.001). Barrett's segment lengths also increased with change in p16 status with a median of 1.5, 6.0, and 8.0 cm for patients with p16+/+, p16+/-, and p16-/- biopsies, respectively (P < 0.001). We conclude that most Barrett's metaplasia contains genetic and/or epigenetic p16 lesions and has the ability to undergo clonal expansion, creating a field in which other abnormalities can arise that can lead to esophageal adenocarcinoma.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aneuploidy', 'Barrett Esophagus', 'Biopsy', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9', 'Clone Cells', 'CpG Islands', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16', 'DNA Methylation', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Esophageal Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Loss of Heterozygosity', 'Metaphase', 'Middle Aged', 'Mutation', 'Precancerous Conditions']
| 11,719,461
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C23.550.210.050', 'G05.365.590.175.050', 'G05.700.131'], ['C04.834.154', 'C06.405.117.102'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.325.345', 'G05.360.162.520.300.325.345'], ['A11.251.353'], ['G02.111.570.080.380.160', 'G05.360.080.380.160', 'G05.360.340.024.159'], ['D12.644.360.225.200', 'D12.776.167.187.200', 'D12.776.476.225.200', 'D12.776.624.776.355.200'], ['G02.111.035.538.161', 'G02.111.218', 'G03.059.538.161', 'G05.206'], ['A11.436'], ['C04.588.274.476.205', 'C04.588.443.353', 'C06.301.371.205', 'C06.405.117.430', 'C06.405.249.205'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.590.029.530'], ['G04.144.220.220.687.625', 'G04.144.220.220.781.625', 'G05.113.220.687.625', 'G05.113.220.781.625'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.590'], ['C04.834']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis is associated with decreased serum PCSK9 levels.
|
OBJECTIVES: Serum low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) correlates positively with serum PCSK9 in the general population, consistent with PCSK9 being a determinant of LDL-C levels. Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on hemodialysis (HD) have lower total cholesterol (TC) and LDL-C compared to the general population. Serum PCSK9 and its relationship with serum lipids have not been reported in CKD patients on HD (CKD-HD).METHODS: We measured serum PCSK9 by ELISA and lipid levels in 66 CKD-HD patients and compared them to 178 non-CKD subjects. Since statins increase serum PCSK9 levels, CKD-HD patients were separated into those not on statin therapy (HD-NS, n = 32) and those taking statins (HD-S, n = 34). No control subjects were on statin therapy.RESULTS: Serum PCSK9, TC, LDL-C and HDL-C levels were significantly lower in the CKD-HD group (n = 66) compared to the control group. HD-NS patients showed lower PCSK9, TC and LDL-C levels than control subjects and PCSK9 levels correlated with TC and LDL-C levels (r = 0.35, p = 0.050; r = 0.423, p = 0.0158 respectively) as well as TG levels (r = 0.413, p = 0.0188). In HD-S patients, PCSK9 levels were not significantly different from the non-CKD group. There was no correlation between PCSK9 levels and TC and LDL-C levels in the HD-S group.CONCLUSION: Our data are the first quantitative analysis of serum PCSK9 levels in CKD-HD patients. We show that serum PCSK9 in HD-NS patients is decreased and it retains a positive correlation with LDL-C, suggesting that PCSK9 may remain a significant determinant of LDL-C in CKD-HD subjects. We also show that statin therapy disrupts the correlation between LDL-C and PCSK9 in CKD-HD patients. These data suggest that the regulation of LDL-C by PCSK9 remains intact in CKD-HD patients. PCSK9 may also play a role in the metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in CKD-HD patients.
|
['Cholesterol, HDL', 'Cholesterol, LDL', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Proprotein Convertase 9', 'Proprotein Convertases', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Renal Insufficiency, Chronic', 'Serine Endopeptidases']
| 24,529,132
|
[['D04.210.500.247.808.197.238', 'D10.532.432.400', 'D10.570.938.208.270', 'D12.776.521.479.470'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.244', 'D10.532.515.500', 'D10.570.938.208.275', 'D12.776.521.550.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.519.186.071.202.370', 'D27.505.519.389.370', 'D27.505.954.557.500.202.370'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.718', 'D08.811.277.656.837.688', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.718'], ['D08.811.277.656.837'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['C12.777.419.780.750', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Determination of nanograms of proteins based on the amplified resonance light scattering signals of Tichromine.
|
A new high-sensitivity detection of protein assay at the nanogram level is developed based on the amplified resonance light scattering signals (RLS) of Tichromine (TCM). In Walpole (NaAc-HCl) buffer (pH 4.05), TCM reacts with proteins to form large particles, which results in remarkable enhanced RLS signals characterized by three peaks at 293 nm, 399 nm and 553 nm. Mechanistic studies showed that the enhanced RLS stems from a large complex of TCM-BSA formed for the electrostatic effect between TCM and BSA. With the enhanced RLS signals at the three wavelengths, the enhanced RLS intensity is proportional to the concentration of proteins in an appropriate range. The lowest limit of determination was 7.4 ng mL(-1). The proposed method was successfully applied to determine total protein in human serum samples.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Assay', 'Buffers', 'Cattle', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Imines', 'Molecular Structure', 'Naphthalenes', 'Proteins', 'Scattering, Radiation', 'Serum Albumin']
| 20,071,217
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.091'], ['D27.720.470.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['D02.491'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638', 'D04.615.638'], ['D12.776'], ['E05.196.822', 'G01.867'], ['D12.776.034.841', 'D12.776.124.727']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Rate and Temporal Coding Mechanisms in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex for Pain Anticipation.
|
Pain is a complex sensory and affective experience. Through its anticipation, animals can learn to avoid pain. Much is known about passive avoidance during a painful event; however, less is known about active pain avoidance. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is a critical hub for affective pain processing. However, there is currently no mechanism that links ACC activities at the cellular level with behavioral anticipation or avoidance. Here we asked whether distinct populations of neurons in the ACC can encode information for pain anticipation. We used tetrodes to record from ACC neurons during a conditioning assay to train rats to avoid pain. We found that in rats that successfully avoid acute pain episodes, neurons that responded to pain shifted their firing rates to an earlier time, whereas neurons that responded to the anticipation of pain increased their firing rates prior to noxious stimulation. Furthermore, we found a selected group of neurons that shifted their firing from a pain-tuned response to an anticipatory response. Unsupervised learning analysis of ensemble spike activity indicates that temporal spiking patterns of ACC neurons can indeed predict the onset of pain avoidance. These results suggest rate and temporal coding schemes in the ACC for pain avoidance.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Animals', 'Avoidance Learning', 'Conditioning, Classical', 'Electrodes', 'Gyrus Cinguli', 'Male', 'Neurons', 'Pain', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley']
| 29,844,413
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['B01.050'], ['F02.463.425.097', 'F02.463.785.373.173'], ['F02.463.425.179.308'], ['E07.305.250'], ['A08.186.211.180.590.500', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.382.500'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Insulation defects in Riata implantable cardioverter-defibrillator leads.
|
BACKGROUND: The structures composing implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) leads have become more complicated and thinner with technological advances. Silicon insulation defects with and without clinically manifested electrical abnormalities have been reported in Riata leads (St. Jude Medical).OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the incidence and clinical implications of insulation defects in Riata leads implanted at our hospital.METHODS: The subjects included 10 consecutive patients who received 8-French Riata ICD leads with dual-coil conductors (model 1580 or 1581) between 2006 and 2010 at our hospital. Operative records, chest X-rays and interrogation data were reviewed.RESULTS: In all cases, Atlas+ (St. Jude Medical) was used as an ICD generator and the Riata leads were implanted transvenously and fixed to the right ventricular apex. During a mean follow-up period of 52±9 (36-70) months, chest X-rays revealed insulation defects in Riata leads and conductor wires projecting from the bodies of the Riata leads in two of 10 (20%) patients. One of the patients received inappropriate ICD therapies due to T-wave oversensing based on attenuation of R waves and augmentation of T waves 41 months after implantation. In the other patient, an insulation defect without any clinically manifested electrical troubles was detected 50 months after implantation.CONCLUSION: Riata leads have a high incidence of insulation defects, which may be occasionally accompanied by inappropriate ICD discharges. For patients with Riata leads, careful observation of any changes in the lead-electrical measurements and a routine chest X-ray follow-up are necessary.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Brugada Syndrome', 'Defibrillators, Implantable', 'Equipment Design', 'Equipment Failure Analysis', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Japan', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prosthesis Failure', 'Radiography, Thoracic', 'Tachycardia, Ventricular', 'Time Factors', 'Young Adult']
| 23,037,457
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.280.067.322', 'C14.280.123.250', 'C16.320.100'], ['E07.305.250.159.175', 'E07.305.250.319.175', 'E07.695.202.175'], ['E05.320'], ['E05.325.192'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767.865', 'E05.325.771'], ['E01.370.350.700.730'], ['C14.280.067.845.940', 'C14.280.123.875.940', 'C23.550.073.845.940'], ['G01.910.857'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Quantitative structure activity relationship of IA3-like peptides as aspartic proteinase inhibitors.
|
The IA(3) polypeptide inhibitor from Saccharomyces cerevisiae interacts potently and selectively with its target, the S. cerevisiae vacuolar aspartic proteinase (ScPr). Upon encountering the enzyme, residues 2-32 of the intrinsically unstructured IA(3) polypeptide become ordered into an almost-perfect alpha-helix. In previous IA(3) mutagenesis studies, we identified important characteristics of the enzyme inhibitor interactions and generated a large dataset of variants with K(i) values determined experimentally at pH 3.1 and 4.7. Using this information, the three-dimensional structure of each variant was modelled in silico with the correct protonation for each experimental pH value. A set of descriptors of the inhibitor/ScPr interactions was then calculated and used to establish mathematical models relating the variant sequences to their inhibitory activities at each pH. Cross-validation, external-set validation and five separate selections of the training and test samples confirmed the robustness of the equations. A major contributor to the structure-activity relationship was the free energy of binding calculated by the FoldX program. The mathematical models were challenged further (i) by in silico alanine-scanning mutagenesis of residues 2-32 in IA(3) and relating binding energy to experimentally derived inhibition constants for selected representatives of these variants; and (ii) by predicting inhibitory-potencies for two novel IA(3)-variants. The predictions of the equations for these new IA(3)-variants with ScPr matched almost precisely the kinetic data determined experimentally. The models described represent valuable tools for the future design of novel inhibitor variants active against ScPr and other aspartic proteinases.
|
['Alanine', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Amino Acid Substitution', 'Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases', 'Computer Simulation', 'Escherichia coli', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Thermodynamics']
| 19,003,993
|
[['D12.125.042'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['E05.393.420.601.035', 'G05.558.109'], ['D08.811.277.656.074.500', 'D08.811.277.656.300.048'], ['L01.224.160'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G02.300'], ['E05.599.595'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G02.111.830.500', 'G07.690.773.997.500'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['G01.906']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Contribution of LHX4 Mutations to Pituitary Deficits in a Cohort of 417 Unrelated Patients.
|
Context: LHX4 encodes a LIM-homeodomain transcription factor that is implicated in early pituitary development. In humans, only 13 heterozygous LHX4 mutations have been associated with congenital hypopituitarism.Objective: The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of LHX4 mutations in patients with hypopituitarism, to define the associated phenotypes, and to characterize the functional impact of the identified variants and the respective role of the 2 LIM domains of LHX4.Design and Patients: We screened 417 unrelated patients with isolated growth hormone deficiency or combined pituitary hormone deficiency associated with ectopic posterior pituitary and/or sella turcica anomalies for LHX4 mutations (Sanger sequencing). In vitro studies were performed to assess the functional consequences of the identified variants.Results: We identified 7 heterozygous variations, including p.(Tyr131*), p.(Arg48Thrfs*104), c.606+1G>T, p.Arg65Val, p.Thr163Pro, p.Arg221Gln, and p.Arg235Gln), that were associated with variable expressivity; 5 of the 7 were also associated with incomplete penetrance. The p.(Tyr131*), p.(Arg48Thrfs*104), p.Ala65Val, p.Thr163Pro, and p.Arg221Gln LHX4 variants are unable to transactivate the POU1F1 and GH promoters. As suggested by transactivation, subcellular localization, and protein-protein interaction studies, p.Arg235Gln is probably a rare polymorphism. Coimmunoprecipitation studies identified LHX3 as a potential protein partner of LHX4. As revealed by functional studies of LIM-defective recombinant LHX4 proteins, the LIM1 and LIM2 domains are not redundant.Conclusion: This study, performed in the largest cohort of patients screened so far for LHX4 mutations, describes 6 disease-causing mutations that are responsible for congenital hypopituitarism. LHX4 mutations were found to be associated with variable expressivity, and most of them with incomplete penetrance; their contribution to pituitary deficits that are associated with an ectopic posterior pituitary and/or a sella turcica defect is ?1.4% in the 417 probands tested.
|
['Adolescent', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Biomarkers', 'Blotting, Western', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Hypopituitarism', 'Immunoprecipitation', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'LIM-Homeodomain Proteins', 'Male', 'Mutation', 'Pedigree', 'Prognosis', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Transcription Factors']
| 27,820,671
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D23.101'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.617.738.300', 'C19.700.482'], ['E05.196.150.639', 'E05.478.605'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['D12.776.260.529', 'D12.776.512.249'], ['G05.365.590'], ['E05.393.673'], ['E01.789'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['D12.776.930']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Citrinin Monomer and Dimer Derivatives with Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activities Isolated from the Deep Sea-Derived Fungus Penicillium citrinum
|
Two previously unreported citrinin dimer derivatives, penicitol D (1) and 1-epi-citrinin H1 (2), were isolated from the culture of a deep sea-derived fungus Penicillium citrinum NLG-S01-P1, together with 11 biogenetic related compounds (3⁻13). A plausible biogenetic pathway for compounds 2⁻4 was proposed. Their structures, including absolute configurations, were established through analysis of extensive spectroscopic data and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) ECD calculations. Compounds 1 and 2 showed antibacterial activities against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Compounds 5 and 10 displayed relatively stronger activities than the other compounds against Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio campbellii. Compound 1 showed the most potent cytotoxic activity towards the HeLa cell.
|
['A549 Cells', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Aquatic Organisms', 'Bacteria', 'Cell Survival', 'Citrinin', 'Humans', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Structure', 'Penicillium']
| 30,634,700
|
[['A11.251.210.190.080', 'A11.251.860.180.080', 'A11.436.054'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['B05.080', 'G16.500.275.725.500.650.075'], ['B03'], ['G04.346'], ['D03.383.663.283.320', 'D03.633.100.150.320', 'D23.946.587.272'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['B01.300.381.662']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Rheumatoid factor and HLA antigens in wrist tenosynovitis and humeral epicondylitis.
|
A matched case-referent study was undertaken to assess whether rheumatoid factor (RF) is associated with repeating tenosynovitis or peritendinitis and whether HLA-B27 predisposes to epicondylitis. The study subjects consisted of 25 workers in manually strenuous jobs with a history of at least two episodes of tenosynovitis or peritendinitis in the wrist or forearm, or humeral epicondylitis, and their matched referents. The latex agglutination test was positive in seven of the 23 cases with tenosynovitis and in one of the referents (p = 0.03). The corresponding figures for IgM-RF by enzyme immunoassay were ten and two, respectively (p = 0.008). HLA-B27 antigen was found in five of the 13 workers with epicondylitis and in one worker with no such history (p = 0.13). It is possible that RF-positive repeating tenosynovitis represents an incomplete form of rheumatoid disease.
|
['Case-Control Studies', 'Cumulative Trauma Disorders', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'HLA Antigens', 'Humans', 'Latex Fixation Tests', 'Male', 'Rheumatoid Factor', 'Tennis Elbow', 'Tenosynovitis', 'Wrist Joint']
| 7,777,826
|
[['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C26.844.150'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['D23.050.301.500.450', 'D23.050.705.552.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.050.450', 'E05.200.812.735.050.450', 'E05.478.594.760.050.450'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323.732', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323.732', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323.732'], ['C05.651.869.435.500', 'C26.088.890', 'C26.874.800.500.500'], ['C05.651.869.870'], ['A02.835.583.405.930']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Evaluation of candidemia in epidemiology and risk factors among cancer patients in a cancer center of China: an 8-year case-control study.
|
BACKGROUND: Candidemia is the worldwide life-threaten disease, especially in cancer patients. This study was aimed to identify and evaluate the risk factors of candidemia in cancer patients, which will prompt the improvement on current therapeutic strategies and prognosis.METHODS: A retrospective, case-control study was conducted from inpatients of Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, during 2006 to 2013. Analyses were performed between cancer patients with candidemia as study case, and patients with bacterial bloodstream infections as control. Each case was matched up with two controls, for gender and inpatient duration. Candida species, clinical characteristics, risk factors and outcomes were reviewed in details.RESULTS: Total number of 80 cases and 160 controls were enrolled and analyzed in this study. Candida albicans was identified as the most prevalent species and account for 55.0% candidemia, followed by Candida parapsilosis complex (21.3%), Candida tropicalis (8.8%), Candida glabrata complex (7.5%), Candida lusitaniae (3.8%), and Candida famata (3.8%). The crude mortality at 30-days of candidemia was up to 30.0%, which is significantly higher than bacterial bloodstream infections (p = 0.006). Logistical analysis demonstrated that total parenteral nutrition >5 days (p = 0.036), urinary catheter >2 days (p = 0.001), distant organ metastasis of cancer (p = 0.002) and gastrointestinal cancer (p = 0.042) were the independent risk factors for candidemia.CONCLUSIONS: Candidemia showed significant higher mortality than bacterial bloodstream infections, C. albicans was cited as the primary pathogen. Total parenteral nutrition, urinary catheter, distant organ metastasis of cancer and gastrointestinal cancer are independent predictors for candidemia, this findings provides potential therapeutic targets for improving the outcome.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Candida', 'Candida albicans', 'Candida glabrata', 'Candidemia', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Catheter-Related Infections', 'China', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms', 'Prevalence', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Urinary Catheters']
| 28,768,479
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B01.300.107.795.095', 'B01.300.381.147', 'B01.300.930.176'], ['B01.300.107.795.095.326', 'B01.300.381.147.326', 'B01.300.930.176.326'], ['B01.300.107.795.095.400', 'B01.300.381.147.400', 'B01.300.930.176.400'], ['C01.150.703.160.175.500', 'C01.150.703.492.500.500', 'C01.757.360.150', 'C23.550.470.790.500.360.150'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C01.195'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E07.132.625']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The role of cytotoxic and regulatory T cells in relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma.
|
Recent data suggests the presence of cytotoxic (TIA-1 and granzyme B+) and regulatory T-cells (FOXP3+) in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) tissues has been shown to correlate with poor overall survival in mainly diagnostic biopsies. By tissue microarray analyses, we extend this observation to a cohort of relapsed/refractory cHL tissue biopsies and analyze immunohistochemical expression of FOXP3, TIA-1, and granzyme B in the inflammatory background and the tumor microenvironment. High expression of TIA-1 (>50%) correlated with poor overall survival (P<0.0001), low expression of FOXP3 (<25%) correlated with poor overall survival (P<0.01), and combined high TIA-1 (>50%) and low FOXP3 (<25%) correlated with poor overall survival (P<0.0001). Expression of cytotoxic and regulatory T-cells shows prognostic significance in the relapsed/refractory clinical setting of cHL.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Biopsy', 'Drug Resistance, Neoplasm', 'Female', 'Forkhead Transcription Factors', 'Granzymes', 'Hodgkin Disease', 'Humans', 'Immunochemistry', 'Male', 'Microarray Analysis', 'Middle Aged', 'Poly(A)-Binding Proteins', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prognosis', 'Recurrence', 'Survival Analysis', 'T-Cell Intracellular Antigen-1', 'T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic', 'T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory']
| 20,065,852
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['G07.690.773.984.395'], ['D12.776.260.950.249', 'D12.776.930.977.249'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.397', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.397'], ['C04.557.386.355', 'C15.604.515.569.355', 'C20.683.515.761.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H01.158.201.486', 'H01.181.122.605', 'H02.403.044.500'], ['E05.588.570'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.157.725.452', 'D12.776.664.962.452'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E01.789'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['D12.776.157.725.452.750', 'D12.776.157.725.813.937', 'D12.776.157.725.829.875', 'D12.776.664.962.452.750', 'D12.776.664.962.813.937', 'D12.776.664.962.829.875'], ['A11.118.637.555.283.875', 'A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.283.875', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.283.875', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.200'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.700', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.700', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A case report of pulmonary adenocarcinoma responding to (glycolato-0,0') diammineplatinum (II), a new platinum complex.
|
The first patient to respond to [(glycolato-0,0') diammineplatinum (II)] (254-S) in a clinical phase I study is reported. The patient was a 52-year-old man complaining of nausea and weight loss. A chest X-ray demonstrated a diffuse infiltrating shadow in the right lung. A transbronchoscopic brushing of the right upper lobe and a biopsy specimen from the right supraclavicular lymph node revealed adenocarcinoma of the lung. He was diagnosed as having primary lung cancer with distant lymph node metastasis. 254-S was administered by intravenous drip infusion to a dose of 100 mg/m2. Two weeks after the second 254-S treatment, a chest X-ray demonstrated a more than 50% reduction in the pulmonary shadow and met the WHO criteria for a partial response. Thrombocytopenia, leukocytopenia and moderate nausea were observed as adverse effects of 254-S but renal toxicity was not found. Pharmacokinetics of free platinum in this patient demonstrated biphasic decay with a peak plasma concentration of 8.09 micrograms/ml. A disease-oriented phase II study of 254-S against non-small cell lung cancer should be performed to establish the efficacy of this new platinum complex.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Organoplatinum Compounds']
| 3,312,721
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.691.788']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Immunization attitudes and practices among family medicine providers.
|
OBJECTIVE: To describe immunization attitudes and practices among family medicine providers across New York State.METHODS: In this cross-sectional survey study, family medicine providers across New York State completed a questionnaire to assess vaccine beliefs and barriers and immunization practices.STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Descriptive statistical methods were used to define provider characteristics, knowledge and vaccine practices.RESULTS: Completed questionnaires from 226 family medicine providers were included for analysis. As a group, 207/218 (95%) of providers who answered the question state they always recommend standard pediatric vaccines. Of the 209 providers who answered both questions, 47 (22%) state they always recommend standard pediatric vaccines but do not always recommend HPV vaccine to eligible 11-12 year-old patients. Only 75% of providers strongly disagreed with the statement 'vaccinating adolescents against HPV increases the likelihood of unprotected sex'. Even though 178/190 (94%) and 164/188 (87%) of surveyed family medicine providers reported recommending that their pregnant patients receive influenza vaccine and Tdap vaccine, respectively, only 134/185 (72%) routinely do so in their office.CONCLUSION: Most family medicine providers self-report always recommending standard pediatric vaccines, however only a minority are following ACIP recommendations. Educational sessions to update family medicine providers on ACIP recommendations and address individual provider concerns may improve provider vaccine confidence and uptake of vaccines by their patients.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine', 'Family Practice', 'Female', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Health Personnel', 'Humans', 'Immunization', 'Influenza Vaccines', 'Influenza, Human', 'Male', 'New York', 'Papillomavirus Infections', 'Papillomavirus Vaccines', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 29,028,414
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['D20.215.894.135.535.300', 'D20.215.894.691.263.300', 'D20.215.894.691.824.300', 'D20.215.894.815.300'], ['H02.403.340.500'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['M01.526.485', 'N02.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.465.425.400', 'E05.478.550', 'N02.421.726.758.310', 'N06.850.780.200.425', 'N06.850.780.680.310'], ['D20.215.894.899.302'], ['C01.748.310', 'C01.925.782.620.365', 'C08.730.310'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.437', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530'], ['C01.925.256.650', 'C01.925.928.725'], ['D20.215.894.899.498'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Dimer Interface of the Human Serotonin Transporter and Effect of the Membrane Composition.
|
The oligomeric state of membrane proteins has recently emerged in many cases as having an effect on their function. However, the intrinsic dynamics of their spatial organization in cells and model systems makes it challenging to characterize. Here we use molecular dynamics (MD) simulations at multiple resolutions to determine the dimer conformation of the human serotonin transporter (hSERT). From self-assembly simulations we predict dimer candidates and subsequently quantify their relative strength. We use umbrella sampling (US) replica exchange MD simulations for which we present extensive analysis of their efficiency and improved sampling compared to regular US MD simulations. The data shows that the most stable hSERT dimer interface is symmetrical and involves transmembrane helix 12 (TM12), similar to the crystal structure of the bacterial homologue LeuT, but with a slightly different orientation. We also describe the supramolecular organization of hSERT from a 250 ìs self-assembly simulation. Finally, the effects of the presence of phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate or cholesterol in the membrane model has been quantified for the TM12-TM12 predicted interface. Collectively, the presented data bring new insight to the area of protein and lipid interplay in biological membranes.
|
['Cell Membrane', 'Cholesterol', 'Humans', 'Molecular Dynamics Simulation', 'Phosphatidylinositols', 'Protein Conformation', 'Protein Conformation, alpha-Helical', 'Protein Multimerization', 'Protein Stability', 'Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins']
| 29,572,541
|
[['A11.284.149'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.595.500', 'G02.111.570.895', 'L01.224.160.500'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.942'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600.020'], ['G02.111.694'], ['G02.111.700'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.625.311', 'D12.776.157.530.562.374.875', 'D12.776.157.530.937.624', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625.374', 'D12.776.543.585.562.374.875', 'D12.776.543.585.937.747']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Can alterations in integrin and laminin-5 expression be used as markers of malignancy?
|
Development of squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) involves alterations in the adhesive interactions in the epithelium and invasion through the basement membrane. Therefore, changes in the expression of receptors and ligands involved in cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion may be essential for the transformation of a premalignant into a malignant lesion. The aim of this study was to examine if expression of specific cell adhesion molecules can be used as markers of malignant development. By immunohistochemistry, we examined the expression pattern of integrins alpha2beta1, alpha3beta1, alpha6beta4 and laminin-5 in biopsies from SCCs (n=18), premalignant lesions (leukoplakias, n=21) and non-premalignant tissue with chronic inflammation (n=11). In poorly differentiated SCCs, patchy loss of alpha3beta1, alpha6beta4 and laminin-5 expression was pronounced at the invasion front, whereas there was a tendency to increased expression of alpha2beta1. Analogous to the SCCs, biopsies from the leukoplakias and the non-premalignant inflammatory tissue showed alterations of the expression of alpha3beta1 and alpha6beta4 in the basal cell layers and of laminin-5. However, a characteristic finding in biopsies from leukoplakias was loss of alpha2beta1 and alpha3beta1 in the suprabasal cells. There was no unequivocal expression of the adhesion molecules distinguishing between inflammatory tissue, premalignant, and malignant lesions.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Cell Adhesion Molecules', 'Humans', 'Integrins', 'Leukoplakia, Oral', 'Middle Aged', 'Precancerous Conditions']
| 10,052,726
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D23.101.140'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['D12.776.395.550.200', 'D12.776.543.550.200', 'D23.050.301.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.408'], ['C04.588.443.591.545', 'C04.834.512.513', 'C07.465.530.545', 'C23.300.816.513'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.834']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Suppression of ERK1/2 and hypoxia pathways by four Phyllanthus species inhibits metastasis of human breast cancer cells.
|
Chemotherapies remain far from ideal due to drug resistance; therefore, novel chemotherapeutic agents with higher effectiveness are crucial. The extracts of four Phyllanthus species, namely Phyllanthus niruri, Phyllanthus urinaria, Phyllanthus watsonii, and Phyllanthus amarus, were shown to induce apoptosis and inhibit metastasis of breast carcinoma cells (MCF-7). The main objective of this study was to determine the pathways utilized by these four Phyllanthus species to exert anti-metastatic activities. A cancer 10-pathway reporter was used to investigate the pathways affected by the four Phyllanthus species. Results indicated that these Phyllanthus species suppressed breast carcinoma metastasis and proliferation by suppressing matrix metalloprotein 2 and 9 expression via inhibition of the extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) pathway. Additionally, inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-á in the hypoxia pathway caused reduced vascular endothelial growth factor and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, resulting in anti-angiogenic effects and eventually anti-metastasis. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis identified numerous proteins suppressed by these Phyllanthus species, including invasion proteins, anti-apoptotic protein, protein-synthesis proteins, angiogenic and mobility proteins, and various glycolytic enzymes. Our results indicated that ERK and hypoxia pathways are the most likely targets of the four Phyllanthus species for the inhibition of MCF-7 metastasis.
|
['Breast Neoplasms', 'Cell Hypoxia', 'Humans', 'MAP Kinase Signaling System', 'MCF-7 Cells', 'Phyllanthus', 'Plant Extracts', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A']
| 28,911,625
|
[['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['G03.197.300', 'G04.270.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.820.560', 'G03.493.560', 'G04.835.560'], ['A11.251.210.190.630'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.797.438.622'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Local anaesthesia for carpal tunnel decompression: a comparison of two techniques.
|
Carpal tunnel decompression is mostly performed as a day case procedure using local anaesthesia. The local anaesthetic is commonly administered by subcutaneous infiltration alone (the Gale technique) or by infiltration of the local anaesthetic into the carpal tunnel in addition to the subcutaneous infiltration (the Altissimi and Mancini technique). The intention of this study was to compare the efficacy of anaesthesia using these two techniques. Twenty patients with bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome were recruited. One side underwent surgery at a time. Patients were randomised to receive anaesthesia by one technique on the first side and the other on the second. Pain was evaluated using the numerical rating pain scale (0-10). Six patients experienced intraoperative pain with the Gale technique, while none had pain with the Altissimi and Mancini technique (P = 0.02). The postoperative pain was not significantly different between the two groups, although the patients anaesthetised by the Altissimi and Mancini technique required significantly lower numbers of analgesic tablets.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Anesthesia, Local', 'Carpal Tunnel Syndrome', 'Decompression, Surgical', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pain Measurement', 'Pain, Postoperative', 'Single-Blind Method']
| 17,046,117
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E03.155.086.231'], ['C10.668.829.500.500.200', 'C10.668.829.550.200', 'C26.844.150.206'], ['E04.188'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['C23.550.767.700', 'C23.888.592.612.832'], ['E05.318.370.850', 'N05.715.360.325.730', 'N06.850.520.445.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Trypanocidal effect of the benzyl ester of N-propyl oxamate: a bi-potential prodrug for the treatment of experimental Chagas disease.
|
BACKGROUND: Chagas disease, which is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, is a major health problem in Latin America, and there are currently no drugs for the effective treatment of this disease. The energy metabolism of T. cruzi is an attractive target for drug design, and we previously reported that inhibitors of á-hydroxy acid dehydrogenase (HADH)-isozyme II exhibit trypanocidal activity. N-Propyl oxamate (NPOx) is an inhibitor of HADH-isozyme II, and its non-polar ethyl ester (Et-NPOx) is cytotoxic to T. cruzi. A new derivative of NPOx has been developed in this study with higher trypanocidal activity, which could be used for the treatment of Chagas disease.METHODS: The benzyl ester of NPOx (B-NPOx) was synthesized and its activity evaluated towards epimastigotes and bloodstream trypomastigotes (in vitro), as well as mice infected with T. cruzi (in vivo). The activity of B-NPOx was also compared with those of Et-NPOx, benznidazole (Bz) and nifurtimox (Nx). NINOA, Miguz, Compostela, Nayarit and INC-5 T. cruzi strains were used in this study.RESULTS: Polar NPOx did not penetrate the parasites and exhibited no trypanocidal activity. In contrast, the hydrophobic ester B-NPOx exhibited trypanocidal activity in vitro and in vivo. B-NPOx exhibited higher trypanocidal activity than Et-NPOx, Bz and Nx towards all five of the T. cruzi strains. The increased activity of B-NPOx was attributed to its hydrolysis inside the parasites to give NPOx and benzyl alcohol, which is an antimicrobial compound with trypanocidal effects. B-NPOx was also effective against two strains of T. cruzi that are resistant to Bz and Nx.CONCLUSION: B-NPOx exhibited higher in vitro (2- to 14.8-fold) and in vivo (2.2- to 4.5-fold) trypanocidal activity towards T. cruzi than Et-NPOx. B-NPOx also exhibited higher in vitro (2- to 24-fold) and in vivo (1.9- to 15-fold) trypanocidal activity than Bz and Nx. B-NPOx is more lipophilic than Et-NPOx, allowing for better penetration into T. cruzi parasites, where the enzymatic cleavage of B-NPOx would give NPOx and benzyl alcohol, which are potent trypanocidal agents. Taken together with its low toxicity, these results suggest that B-NPOx could be used as a potent prodrug for the treatment of Chagas disease.
|
['Alcohol Oxidoreductases', 'Animals', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Survival', 'Chagas Disease', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Esters', 'Isoenzymes', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Nifurtimox', 'Nitroimidazoles', 'Oxamic Acid', 'Prodrugs', 'Trypanocidal Agents', 'Trypanosoma cruzi']
| 25,896,924
|
[['D08.811.682.047'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.346'], ['C01.610.752.300.900.200', 'C01.920.625'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D02.241.400'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D02.640.600.480', 'D02.886.665.400', 'D03.383.312.649.480', 'D03.383.855.400'], ['D02.640.672', 'D03.383.129.308.658'], ['D02.241.152.367.600', 'D12.125.730'], ['D26.675'], ['D27.505.954.122.250.100.875'], ['B01.268.475.868.887.140']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Internal containment in the treatment of patients with dissociative disorders.
|
Both external and internal containment techniques are useful in treating patients with multiple personality disorder and other dissociative disorders. The author focuses on internal containment using various individualized strategies for helping these patients cope with life and work through past traumas. Because the visual imagery typically used in these strategies varies significantly from patient to patient, the author does not intend to provide an exhaustive description. The techniques are illustrated by case examples from the author's clinical practice.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Affect', 'Anger', 'Dissociative Disorders', 'Ego', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Impulsive Behavior', 'Male', 'Memory', 'Psychotherapy', 'Religion and Psychology']
| 8,401,387
|
[['F01.058'], ['F01.470.047'], ['F01.470.093'], ['F03.300'], ['F01.752.747.189', 'F02.739.794.206'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.527'], ['F02.463.425.540'], ['F04.754'], ['F02.880', 'K01.844.664']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Survey of ophthalmic anterior segment findings and intraocular pressure in 95 North American box turtles (Terrapene spp.).
|
OBJECTIVE: To describe the ophthalmic biomicroscopy findings and intraocular pressures (IOP) in a captive population of box turtles and to determine whether a relationship exists between body morphometrics or health status and IOP.PROCEDURES: Hundred and three box turtles (69 Gulf coast, 24 three-toed, one ornate, one eastern, and eight unidentified) were triaged into three different color-coded groups: green (healthy), yellow (abnormal physical examination with no need for immediate care), and red (immediate care required). Both eyes were evaluated by rebound tonometry and slit-lamp biomicroscopy. Body weight and morphometric data were recorded.RESULTS: Intraocular pressures measurements were available for 190 eyes, slit-lamp biomicroscopy was available for 170 eyes, and morphometric data were available for 81 turtles. IOP in Gulf coast turtles (138 eyes) was 6.7 ± 1.4 mmHg OU. IOP in three-toed turtles (48 eyes) was 8.3 ± 1.5 mmHg OU, which was significantly higher than in Gulf coast turtles (P < 0.0001). No significant IOP differences were noted between genders in both subspecies (P = 0.768). There was a correlation between IOP and health status in three-toed turtles only. There was a mild negative correlation between morphometrics and IOP in Gulf coast and three-toed turtles. Fifteen of 87 turtles had unilateral corneal or lenticular opacities; 3/87 had bilateral corneal or lenticular disease; and 3/87 had adnexal abnormalities.CONCLUSIONS: Different subspecies of box turtles have different normal intraocular pressures as measured by rebound tonometry, which was influenced by the animals' health status in one subspecies. Some morphometric parameters were found to be associated with IOP. Box turtles are often affected with ophthalmic abnormalities of unknown clinical significance.
|
['Animals', 'Anterior Eye Segment', 'Body Size', 'Female', 'Intraocular Pressure', 'Male', 'Reference Values', 'Species Specificity', 'Turtles']
| 25,683,768
|
[['B01.050'], ['A09.371.060'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160', 'E05.041.124.160', 'G07.100.100.160', 'G07.345.249.314'], ['G14.440'], ['E05.978.810'], ['G16.824'], ['B01.050.150.900.833.848']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Feasibility of tissue re-biopsy in non-small cell lung cancers resistant to previous epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapies.
|
BACKGROUND: When epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) acquires resistance to the initial tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment, reassessing the tumor DNA by re-biopsy is essential for further treatment selection. However, the process of TKI-sensitive tumor re-progression and whether re-biopsy is possible in all cases of acquired resistance to EGFR-TKI remain unclear.METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed data from 69 consecutive patients with EGFR gene mutation-positive advanced NSCLC who had been treated with EGFR-TKI and exhibited disease relapse after initial disease remission. The relapsing lesions were identified at the time of RECIST-progressive disease (PD) and clinical-PD (when the attending physician judged the patient as clinically relapsing and stopped EGFR-TKI therapy). We determined the potential re-biopsy methods for each relapsing lesion and evaluated their feasibility according to difficulty and invasiveness criteria as follows: category A, accessible by conventional biopsy techniques; category B, difficult (but possible) to biopsy and accessible with invasive methods; and category C, extremely difficult to biopsy or inaccessible without using highly invasive methods, including surgical biopsy.RESULTS: The total feasibility rate of re-biopsy (category A or B) was 68% at RECIST-PD and 84% at clinical-PD, and the most common accessible relapsing lesions were primary tumors at RECIST-PD and pleural effusion at clinical-PD. All relapsing lesions at primary sites (categories A and B) were assessed as having the potential for re-biopsy. However, re-biopsy for metastasis was assessed as difficult in a substantial proportion of the study population (42 and 20% category C at RECIST-PD and clinical-PD, respectively).CONCLUSIONS: Re-biopsy of relapsing disease is feasible in many cases, although it may present difficulties in cases with, e.g., metastatic relapsing lesions. To facilitate treatment strategies in NSCLC patients with relapse after EGFR-TKI therapy, re-biopsy should be standardized with the use of simpler and more reliable methods.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Biopsy', 'Biopsy, Needle', 'Bronchoscopy', 'Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Cohort Studies', 'Disease Progression', 'Drug Resistance, Neoplasm', 'ErbB Receptors', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Image-Guided Biopsy', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Protein Kinase Inhibitors', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 29,212,495
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.119', 'E01.370.225.998.054.119', 'E01.370.388.100.100', 'E04.074.119', 'E04.665.100', 'E05.200.500.384.100.119', 'E05.200.998.054.119', 'E05.242.384.100.119'], ['E01.370.386.105', 'E01.370.388.250.100', 'E04.502.250.100', 'E04.928.600.080'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['G07.690.773.984.395'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.370', 'E01.370.225.998.054.370', 'E01.370.388.100.370', 'E04.074.370', 'E05.200.500.384.100.370', 'E05.200.998.054.370', 'E05.242.384.100.370'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['D27.505.519.389.755'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Abnormal placement of the testes].
|
The authors defined a uniform classification of abnormal positions of the testes. They recommend also a uniform therapeutic procedure: after the first year of life treatment with human chorionic gonadotropin in one or two curves, if orchiopexy fails.
|
['Cryptorchidism', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Testis']
| 1,981,863
|
[['C12.294.829.258', 'C12.706.258', 'C16.131.939.258', 'C19.391.829.258'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['A05.360.444.849', 'A05.360.576.782', 'A06.300.312.782']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Antipsychotic Use Among Adult Outpatients and Venous Thromboembolic Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
|
BACKGROUND: Treatment with antipsychotic (AP) agents is associated with incident thromboembolic events. However, the underpinnings of this association remain unknown. We sought to evaluate the effect of AP agents-categorized by their metabolic/sedative and hyperprolactinemia adverse effect profile-on the risk of venous thromboembolic disease during long-term follow-up.METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of adult patients initiating AP treatment for the first time was conducted. Primary outcome was defined as the time to venous thromboembolism (VTE) (either deep venous thrombosis or acute pulmonary embolism). Antipsychotic agents were categorized by their risk (high vs low) of either drug-induced (a) sedation/metabolic adverse event or (b) hyperprolactinemia. We used a propensity score-adjusted Cox proportional hazards model to control for confounding.FINDINGS: One thousand eight patients (mean age, 72.4 y) were followed for a median of 36 months. Incident VTE occurred in 6.25% of patients, corresponding to an incidence rate of 184 cases per 10,000 person-years. We found no difference in the hazard of VTE during follow-up between high- and low-risk groups (hazard ratio, 1.23 [95% confidence interval, 0.74-2.04] for drug-induced sedation/metabolic adverse event risk categories, and hazard ratio 0.81 [95% confidence interval, 0.50-1.35] for high versus low hyperprolactinemia risk).CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the risk of thromboembolic events in older adults who started AP treatment for the first time does not seem to be related to these drugs' risk of either sedation/metabolic adverse events or hyperprolactinemia. However, VTE remains a common problem in this subgroup of patients.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Ambulatory Care', 'Antipsychotic Agents', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Outpatients', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Venous Thromboembolism']
| 28,622,161
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E02.760.106', 'N02.421.585.106'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.331'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['M01.643.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C14.907.355.590.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
cAMP-induced differentiation of human neuronal progenitor cells is mediated by nuclear fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 (FGFR1).
|
Activation of cAMP signaling pathway and its transcriptional factor cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB) and coactivator are key determinants of neuronal differentiation and plasticity. We show that nuclear fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 (FGFR1) mediates cAMP-induced neuronal differentiation and regulates CREB and CREB binding protein (CBP) function in alpha-internexin-expressing human neuronal progenitor cells (HNPC). In proliferating HNPC, FGFR1 was associated with the cytoplasm and plasma membrane. Treatment with dB-cAMP induced nuclear accumulation of FGFR1 and caused neuronal differentiation, accompanied by outgrowth of neurites expressing MAP2 and neuron-specific neurofilament-L protein and enolase. HNPC transfected with nuclear/cytoplasmic FGFR1 or non-membrane FGFR1(SP-/NLS), engineered to accumulate exclusively in the cell nucleus, underwent neuronal differentiation in the absence of cAMP stimulation. In contrast, FGFR1/R4, with highly hydrophobic transmembrane domain of FGFR4, was membrane associated, did not enter the nucleus and failed to induce neuronal differentiation. Transfection of tyrosine kinase-deleted dominant negative receptor mutants, cytoplasmic/nuclear FGFR1(TK-) or nuclear FGFR1(SP-/NLS)(TK-), prevented cAMP-induced neurite outgrowth. Nuclear FGFR1 localized in speckle-like domains rich in phosphorylated histone 3 and splicing factors, regions known for active RNA transcription and processing, and activated the neurofilament-L gene promoter. FGFR1(SP-/NLS) transactivated CRE, up-regulated phosphorylation and transcriptional activity of CREB and stimulated the activity of CBP several-fold. Thus, cAMP-induced nuclear accumulation of FGFR1 provides a signal that triggers molecular events leading to neuronal differentiation.
|
['Active Transport, Cell Nucleus', 'Bucladesine', 'CREB-Binding Protein', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cyclic AMP', 'Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein', 'Fibroblast Growth Factor 2', 'Genes, Dominant', 'Humans', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Neurites', 'Neurofilament Proteins', 'Neurons', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1', 'Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor', 'Stem Cells', 'Trans-Activators', 'Transfection']
| 12,614,330
|
[['G03.143.310.100', 'G03.143.700.100'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.395.250', 'D13.695.462.200.250', 'D13.695.667.138.395.250', 'D13.695.827.068.395.250'], ['D08.811.913.050.134.415.500.575.249', 'D12.776.930.680.300'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['A11.251'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.395', 'D13.695.462.200', 'D13.695.667.138.395', 'D13.695.827.068.395'], ['D12.776.260.108.184', 'D12.776.930.127.184'], ['D12.644.276.624.120', 'D12.776.467.624.120', 'D23.529.624.120'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.240', 'G05.420.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['A08.675.256.500', 'A08.675.542.145.500', 'A11.284.180.610', 'A11.671.501.145.500', 'A11.671.543'], ['D05.750.078.593.630', 'D12.776.220.475.630', 'D12.776.631.630'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D12.776.660'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400', 'D12.776.543.750.630'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.177', 'D12.776.543.750.630.440', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.370.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.750.400.370'], ['A11.872'], ['D12.776.260.755', 'D12.776.930.900', 'D12.776.964.925.984'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Low-dose follicular-phase cocaine administration disrupts menstrual and ovarian cyclicity in rhesus monkeys.
|
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of daily low-dose follicular-phase cocaine administration on menstrual cyclicity, ovulation rates, corpus luteum function, and hormone levels in rhesus monkeys.METHOD: Normally cycling, drug-naive, adult rhesus monkeys were randomized to receive either 1 mg/kg of cocaine (n = 7), 2 mg/kg of cocaine (n = 7), or normal saline (n = 7) daily on cycle days 2 to 14. Daily blood samples were obtained through indwelling catheters for measurement of serum gonadotropins and ovarian steroids. Daily vaginal swabs were obtained to determine onset of menses. Laparoscopy was performed 2 days after the midcycle estrogen peak to document ovulation. Daily caloric intakes as well as pretreatment and posttreatment weights were recorded.RESULTS: Two of seven monkeys receiving 1 mg/kg per day and two of seven monkeys receiving 2 mg/kg per day of cocaine had timely ovulation and normal menstrual cycle lengths. One monkey receiving the 2-mg/kg dose ovulated on cycle day 24 and had a short luteal phase (7 days) with a mean progesterone level of 2.4 ng/mL. All seven saline-treated control monkeys ovulated normally; the mean cycle length was 29 days and all had adequate luteal phases. The difference in ovulation rates between cocaine-treated and control monkeys was statistically significant (P = .003). There were no differences in basal levels of LH or FSH between treatment groups. There were no significant differences in weight change or caloric intake among groups. One third of the subsequent menstrual cycles in cocaine-treated monkeys were of abnormal duration.CONCLUSION: Daily low-dose follicular-phase cocaine administration disrupts menstrual cyclicity and folliculogenesis. This effect is independent of weight loss, caloric intake, and basal gonadotropin levels. Cocaine exposure may have a persistent effect on menstrual and ovarian cyclicity in some monkeys.
|
['Animals', 'Cocaine', 'Corpus Luteum', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Follicle Stimulating Hormone', 'Follicular Phase', 'Luteal Phase', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Macaca mulatta', 'Menstrual Cycle', 'Ovulation', 'Progesterone']
| 10,205,779
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.145.074.722.388', 'D03.132.889.354', 'D03.605.084.500.722.388', 'D03.605.869.388'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.278', 'A06.300.312.497.278'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.288', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.288', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.288'], ['G08.686.605.310'], ['G08.686.605.410'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510.550'], ['G08.686.605'], ['G08.686.784.690'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Identification, characterization and cytotoxicity in vitro assay of nitazoxanide major degradation product.
|
Stress studies of the broad-spectrum antiparasitic nitazoxanide were conducted in order to isolate and elucidate the major degradation product involved in thermal, acid, alkaline, oxidative and photolytic decomposition of the drug in solution and solid state. The major degradation product was identified and characterized using techniques namely LC-DAD, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, IR, and MS/MS. The stability of nitazoxanide raw material and nitazoxanide in tablets and in suspension powder was studied under different conditions and the results suggest the formation of the same deacetylated degradation product occur in all cases. This product was also studied in order to determine the preliminary cytotoxicity in vitro with mononuclear cells. Compared with nitazoxanide, the degradation product showed a higher cytotoxicity at a concentration of 40 ìg mL(-1) after 48 h of incubation, under tested conditions. Therefore, stress studies showed that special care must be taken during the preparation, manufacture, and storage of this pharmaceutical drug.
|
['Antiparasitic Agents', 'Cell Survival', 'Humans', 'Safety', 'Thiazoles', 'Toxicity Tests']
| 22,483,900
|
[['D27.505.954.122.250'], ['G04.346'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.850.135.060.075'], ['D02.886.675', 'D03.383.129.708'], ['E05.940']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Regulation of mucosal IgA responses in vivo: cytokines and adjuvants.
|
The predominance of IgA plasma cells at mucosal sites reflects a combination of the selective localisation and vigorous proliferation after extravasation of IgA plasma cell precursors. Experiments are described here which demonstrate that post-extravasation events leading to IgA precursor cell retention, proliferation and antibody secretion are under cytokine control. This has led to investigation of therapeutic interventions to modify cytokine availability to maximise mucosal vaccination responses and correct IgA deficiencies.
|
['Adjuvants, Immunologic', 'Animals', 'Cytokines', 'Immunity, Mucosal', 'Immunoglobulin A', 'Immunotherapy', 'Interleukin-6', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Ovalbumin', 'Plasma Cells']
| 8,988,863
|
[['D27.505.696.477.067'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['G12.450.573'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.026', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.026', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.026'], ['E02.095.465.425'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['D12.644.861.557', 'D12.776.034.614', 'D12.776.256.159.157.663', 'D12.776.290.663', 'D12.776.872.557'], ['A11.063.438.725', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562.725', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562.725', 'A15.382.032.438.725', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562.725']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Measuring the psychosocial impact of population-based prostate-specific antigen testing for prostate cancer in the UK.
|
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the psychosocial impact of participation in a population-based prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing programme, akin to screening, and to explore the relationship between urinary symptoms reported before PSA testing and the response to the subsequent PSA result.PATIENTS AND METHODS: This prospective questionnaire study was nested within the case-finding component of the ProtecT (prostate testing for cancer and treatment) feasibility study (ISRCTN20141297). Men aged 50-69 years from 18 general practices in three cities in the UK completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Short Form-12 (SF-12) Health Survey, and the International Continence Society 'male' (ICSmale) questionnaires before giving consent for a PSA test in a community clinic (baseline). Men with an 'abnormal' PSA result returned for further investigation (including biopsy) and repeated these questionnaires before biopsy.RESULTS: At baseline, study participants had similar levels of anxiety and depression to the general male population. There was no increase in the HADS scores, or reduction in the SF-12 mental health component summary score, on attendance at the biopsy clinic after receiving an 'abnormal' PSA result. Urinary symptoms were associated with levels of anxiety and depression before receiving a PSA result (baseline), but were not associated with anxiety and depression at biopsy independently of baseline scores. Therefore changes in anxiety or depression at biopsy did not appear to differ between those with and without urinary symptoms.CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the findings of other studies that the deleterious effects of receiving an abnormal PSA result during population screening are not identified by generic health-status questionnaires. Comparisons with outcomes of studies measuring cancer-specific distress and using qualitative research methods raise the question of whether a prostate cancer screening-specific instrument is required. However, a standardized measure of anxiety identified differences at baseline between those who did and did not report urinary symptoms. These findings suggest that it might be advisable to better inform men undergoing PSA testing about the uncertain relationship between urinary symptoms and prostate cancer, to minimize baseline levels of psychological distress.
|
['Aged', 'Biopsy', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mass Screening', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Prostate-Specific Antigen', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 16,978,272
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.442.750', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.442.750', 'D12.776.866.249.500', 'D23.050.285.625', 'D23.101.140.625'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
'Sufficient' absorption--a quantitative method to replace 'exhaustive' absorption.
|
At present, the only guideline for removal of undesired reactivities from an antiserum is that no activity against the cross-reacting (undesired) antigens should remain after exhaustive absorption. Since this guideline sets no upper limit on the amount of undesired antigens required for an exhaustive absorption, waste of possibly precious material and of time in performing multiple sequential absorptions can result. To minimize the quantity of antigen and of experimental work required for an absorption, a quantitative approach is suggested: the antiserum is test-absorbed with various amounts of the undesired antigens, and antibody activity still present against these antigens is then tested. The results can be plotted as a curve by use of Reif's modification of the Von Krogh equation. Thus, the exact amount of undersired antigens sufficient to remove all detectable reactivity against these antigens can be determined. The procedure is termed 'sufficient' rather than 'exhaustive' absorption, to stress that only detectable amounts (rather than every last trace) of undesirable antibodies have been removed. The nomenclat re 'exhaustive absorption' gives no indication that any practical attempt to achieve it can hardly escape having the same limitations as 'sufficient absorption'; it is therefore suggested that the misleading non-quantitative nomenclature 'exhaustive absorption' be eliminated from immunological terminology. 'Sufficient absorption' has been applied to the absorption of undesired (blood group) antibodies from rabbit antisera to CEA.
|
['ABO Blood-Group System', 'Absorption', 'Animals', 'Antibody Specificity', 'Antigens', 'Chickens', 'Erythrocytes', 'Hemagglutination Tests', 'Humans', 'Immune Sera', 'Immunodiffusion', 'Isoantibodies', 'Lewis Blood Group Antigens', 'Rabbits']
| 808,569
|
[['D23.050.301.290.031', 'D23.050.705.230.031'], ['G01.015', 'G02.010', 'G03.015', 'G03.787.024', 'G07.690.725.015'], ['B01.050'], ['G12.100'], ['D23.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.050.375', 'E05.200.812.735.050.375', 'E05.478.594.760.050.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A12.207.152.846.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.114.573', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.573', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.573', 'D20.215.401'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645.350', 'E05.200.812.735.645.350', 'E05.478.594.760.645.350', 'E05.478.605.492.350'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.664', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.664', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.664'], ['D23.050.301.290.544', 'D23.050.705.230.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Bezafibrate induces acyl-CoA oxidase mRNA levels and fatty acid peroxisomal beta-oxidation in rat white adipose tissue.
|
Rats treated with bezafibrate, a PPAR activator, gain less body weight and increase daily food intake. Previously, we have related these changes to a shift of thermogenesis from brown adipose tissue to white adipose tissue attributable to bezafibrate, which induces uncoupling proteins (UCP), UCP-1 and UCP-3, in rat white adipocytes. Nevertheless, UCP induction was weak, implying additional mechanisms in the change of energy homeostasis produced by bezafibrate. Here we show that bezafibrate, in addition to inducing UCPs, modifies energy homeostasis by directly inducing aco gene expression and peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation in white adipose tissue. Further, bezafibrate significantly reduced plasma triglyceride and leptin concentrations, without modifying the levels of PPARgamma or ob gene in white adipose tissue. These results indicate that bezafibrate reduces the amount of fatty acids available for triglyceride synthesis in white adipose tissue.
|
['Acyl-CoA Oxidase', 'Adipose Tissue', 'Animals', 'Bezafibrate', 'Body Weight', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cholesterol', 'Fatty Acids', 'Hypolipidemic Agents', 'Leptin', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Oxidoreductases', 'Oxygen', 'Peroxisomes', 'RNA', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Temperature', 'Time Factors', 'Transcription Factors', 'Triglycerides']
| 11,216,866
|
[['D08.811.682.660.150.200', 'D12.776.331.149'], ['A10.165.114'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.065.277.067', 'D02.241.081.114.968.500.249', 'D02.241.223.100.100.120', 'D02.241.223.100.200.249', 'D02.355.726.305.249', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.085.101', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.250.249', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.654.305.249'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['A11.251'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['D10.251'], ['D27.505.519.186.071', 'D27.505.954.557.500'], ['D06.472.699.042.500', 'D12.644.276.024.500', 'D12.644.548.011.500', 'D12.776.467.024.500', 'D23.529.024.500'], ['A03.620'], ['D08.811.682'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.500.585.600', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.190.755.600'], ['D13.444.735'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.826'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D12.776.930'], ['D10.351.801']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Results of shoulder hemiarthroplasty in patients with acute and old fractures of the proximal humerus].
|
STUDY-DESIGN: We report on a prospective study of 22 patients after shoulder hemiarthroplasty in acute and old proximal humerus fractures.METHOD: Nine patients with an acute and 13 with an old humerus fracture, in whom a hemiarthroplasty was performed have been evaluated clinically using the Constant score as well as radiologically on average 22 months postoperatively.RESULTS: The mean Constant score improved on 28 points (27 to 55). The improvement was especially distinct in the group with acute fractures. Sixteen of the twenty examined patients were painfree. Two patients reported sleeping disturbances due to pain. The ROM was improved, especially in forward elevation and abduction. In two patients with an old fracture the results were less satisfying. Major complications could not be observed. In five cases X-ray revealed an atrophy of the fixated fragments. Dislocations did not occur. Radiological changes of the glenoid, already seen preoperatively became more obvious. Some humeral components, inserted without cement, showed "densification lines". There were no clinical signs of loosening.CONCLUSION: By performing hemiarthroplasty pain relief can be achieved, especially in old fractures. The postoperatively achieved joint function mainly depends on the type of fracture as well as ist age. In cases with a destroyed glenoid we now prefer to perform a total arthroplasty. In our opinion, general cement use for shaft fixation is not necessary.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Arthroplasty', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Humerus', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Shoulder Fractures', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 10,327,557
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E04.555.110', 'E04.680.101'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.087.090.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C26.404.625', 'C26.803.250'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Influence of nuclear factor-kappaB decoy transfection on nuclear factor-kappaB activity and vascular endothelial growth factor/urokinase-type plasminogen activator/intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 level of SKOV3 cells].
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) on NF-kappaB activation and expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) of SKOV3 cell.METHODS: After transfected with NF-kappaB decoy ODN, SKOV3 cells were stimulated by IL-1beta and cultured for 6, 12, 24, and 48 h, respectively. NF-kappaB DNA binding activity was measured by gel mobility shift assay and mRNA levels of ICAM-1, uPA, VEGF were analyzed by RT-PCR and VEGF level in supernatant was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).RESULTS: (1) SKOV3 cells expressed constitutive NF-kappaB DNA binding activity and stimulation of IL-1beta resulted in a significant increase of the binding activity. NF-kappaB decoy ODN transfection significantly decreased constitutive level and elevated level of NF-kappaB DNA binding activity by IL-1beta at 6, 12, 24, and 48 h in vitro (P < 0.05). (2) The constitutive and activated mRNA levels of uPA, VEGF, ICAM-1 and VEGF levels in the supernatant were significantly inhibited by NF-kappaB decoy ODN transfection especially at 6 h after transfection in vitro.CONCLUSIONS: Both NF-kappaB DNA binding activity and expressions of uPA, VEGF, and ICAM-1 at 48 h were upregulated by IL-1beta, and inhibited by transfection with NF-kappaB decoy ODN in SKOV3 cell line. NF-kappaB decoy ODN transfection shows promise as a novel molecular approach for ovarian cancer.
|
['Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous', 'Female', 'Genetic Therapy', 'Humans', 'Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1', 'NF-kappa B', 'Oligodeoxyribonucleotides', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Transfection', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A']
| 15,363,352
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025.480.240', 'C04.557.470.590.480.240'], ['E02.095.301', 'E05.393.420.301'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.450', 'D12.776.543.550.200.450', 'D23.050.301.350.450'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['D13.695.578.424.450'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['A11.251.860'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.910', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.910', 'D12.776.124.125.662.884'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Optimizing bead size reduces errors in force measurements in optical traps.
|
Optical traps are used to measure force (F) over a wide range (0.01 to 1,000 pN). Variations in bead radius (r) hinder force precision since trap stiffness (k(trap)) varies as r3 when r is small. Prior work has shown k(trap) is maximized when r is approximately equal to the beam waist (w0), which on our instrument was ~400 nm when trapping with a 1064-nm laser. In this work, we show that by choosing r ?w0, we improved the force precision by 2.8-fold as compared to a smaller bead (250 nm). This improvement in force precision was verified by pulling on a canonical DNA hairpin. Thus, by using an optimum bead size, one can simultaneously maximize k(trap) while minimizing errors in F.
|
['Biophysics', 'Calibration', 'DNA', 'Hydrodynamics', 'Kinetics', 'Lasers', 'Light', 'Nucleic Acid Conformation', 'Optical Tweezers', 'Optics and Photonics', 'Particle Size', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Stress, Mechanical', 'Time Factors']
| 23,388,894
|
[['H01.158.344', 'H01.671.100'], ['E05.978.155'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G01.342'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E07.632.490', 'E07.710.520'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['G02.111.570.820.486', 'G05.360.580'], ['E05.650'], ['H01.671.617', 'J01.293.688'], ['G02.712'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['G01.374.835'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Zebrafish lacking functional DNA polymerase gamma survive to juvenile stage, despite rapid and sustained mitochondrial DNA depletion, altered energetics and growth.
|
DNA polymerase gamma (POLG) is essential for replication and repair of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Mutations in POLG cause mtDNA instability and a diverse range of poorly understood human diseases. Here, we created a unique Polg animal model, by modifying polg within the critical and highly conserved polymerase domain in zebrafish. polg(+/-) offspring were indistinguishable from WT siblings in multiple phenotypic and biochemical measures. However, polg(-/-) mutants developed severe mtDNA depletion by one week post-fertilization (wpf), developed slowly and had regenerative defects, yet surprisingly survived up to 4 wpf. An in vivo mtDNA polymerase activity assay utilizing ethidium bromide (EtBr) to deplete mtDNA, showed that polg(+/-) and WT zebrafish fully recover mtDNA content two weeks post-EtBr removal. EtBr further reduced already low levels of mtDNA in polg(-/-) animals, but mtDNA content did not recover following release from EtBr. Despite significantly decreased respiration that corresponded with tissue-specific levels of mtDNA, polg(-/-) animals had WT levels of ATP and no increase in lactate. This zebrafish model of mitochondrial disease now provides unique opportunities for studying mtDNA instability from multiple angles, as polg(-/-) mutants can survive to juvenile stage, rather than lose viability in embryogenesis as seen in Polg mutant mice.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Animal Fins', 'Animals', 'DNA Polymerase gamma', 'DNA, Mitochondrial', 'DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase', 'Genetic Engineering', 'Glycolysis', 'Models, Animal', 'Mutation', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Regeneration', 'Survival Analysis', 'Zebrafish', 'Zebrafish Proteins']
| 26,519,465
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['A13.075'], ['B01.050'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300.169', 'D12.776.575.280'], ['D13.444.308.283.225'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300'], ['E05.393.420'], ['G02.111.158.750', 'G03.191.750', 'G03.295.436', 'G03.493.360'], ['E05.598'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G03.680'], ['G16.762'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.200.244.828'], ['D12.776.325.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Isolation and Manufacture of Clinical-Grade Bone Marrow-Derived Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells.
|
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells with both regenerative and immunomodulatory capacities. These unique properties make them appealing as a biologic, with multiple phase 1-3 clinical trials currently testing their safety and efficacy. Although expanding MSCs does not require extensive manipulation, expanding MSCs for use in clinical trials does require the knowledge and safety that are delineated in current good manufacturing practices (GMPs). Here we briefly detail the characteristics of MSCs and considerations for expanding them for clinical use. We then include a step-by-step protocol for expanding MSCs for early phase clinical trials, with important notes to consider during the expansion of these MSCs.
|
['Cell Culture Techniques', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Separation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Clinical Protocols', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Guideline Adherence', 'Humans', 'Immunophenotyping', 'Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Mesenchymal Stem Cells', 'Specimen Handling']
| 27,236,680
|
[['E01.370.225.500.223', 'E05.200.500.265', 'E05.242.223', 'E05.481.500.249'], ['G04.152'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['E01.370.225.500.363', 'E05.200.500.363', 'E05.242.363'], ['A11.251'], ['E02.183', 'N05.715.360.330.125'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['N04.761.337', 'N05.715.360.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.447', 'E05.200.812.447', 'E05.478.594.450'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.625', 'E04.936.225.687.625'], ['A11.329.830.500', 'A11.872.590.500'], ['E01.370.225.998', 'E05.200.998']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
An unusually hard lesion in an aortocoronary saphenous vein graft refractory to standard balloon angioplasty.
|
We report a case of a hard lesion in the body of an aortocoronary saphenous vein graft, which developed 3 years after bypass surgery and was not amenable to dilation during percutaneous coronary angioplasty, despite multiple balloon inflations at pressures reaching 13 atm. Hard lesions in aortocoronary saphenous vein grafts are rare but may lead to balloon angioplasty failure necessitating alternative angioplasty options.
|
['Angioplasty, Balloon', 'Arteriosclerosis', 'Constriction, Pathologic', 'Coronary Artery Bypass', 'Graft Occlusion, Vascular', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Saphenous Vein', 'Treatment Failure']
| 8,749,870
|
[['E02.148.050.060', 'E04.100.814.529.124.060', 'E04.502.382.124.060', 'E05.157.016.060'], ['C14.907.137.126'], ['C23.300.287'], ['E04.100.376.719.332', 'E04.100.814.868.750', 'E04.928.220.520.220'], ['C23.550.767.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A07.015.908.819'], ['E01.789.800.760', 'N04.761.559.590.800.760', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.760']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The inverse relationship between number of steps per day and obesity in a population-based sample: the AusDiab study.
|
BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) is inversely associated with obesity but the effect has been difficult to quantify using questionnaires. In particular, the shape of the association has not yet been well described. Pedometers provide an opportunity to better characterize the association.METHODS: Residents of households over the age of 25 years in randomly selected census districts in Tasmania were eligible to participate in the AusDiab cross-sectional survey conducted in 1999-2000. 1848 completed the AusDiab survey and 1126 of these (609 women and 517 men) wore a pedometer for 2-weekdays. Questionnaire data on recent PA, TV time and other factors were obtained. The outcomes were waist circumference (in cm) and body mass index (BMI) (kg/m(2)).RESULTS: Increasing daily steps were associated with a decline in the obesity measures. The logarithmic nature of the associations was indicated by a sharper decline for those with lower daily steps. For example, an additional 2000 steps for those taking only 2000 steps per day was associated with a reduction of 2.8 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.1,4.4) cm in waist circumference among men (for women; 2.2 (95% CI: 0.6, 3.9 cm)) with a baseline of only 2000, steps compared to a 0.7 (95% CI 0.3, 1.1) cm reduction (for women; 0.6 (95% CI: 0.2, 1.0)) for those already walking 10,000 steps daily. In the multivariable analysis, clearer associations were detected for PA and these obesity measures using daily step number rather than PA time by questionnaire.INTERPRETATION: Pedometer measures of activity indicate that the inverse association between recent PA and obesity is logarithmic in form with the greatest impact for a given arithmetic step number increase seen at lower levels of baseline activity. The findings from this study need to be examined in prospective settings.
|
['Adult', 'Australia', 'Body Mass Index', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Linear Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Walking']
| 17,047,641
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.639.100', 'Z01.678.100.373'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['G11.427.410.568.900', 'G11.427.410.698.277.937', 'I03.350.937', 'I03.450.642.845.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Cryptococcal choroid plexitis: rare imaging findings of central nervous system cryptococcal infection in an immunocompetent individual.
|
Central nervous system (CNS) cryptococcosis is a common opportunistic fungal infection in immunocompromised patients, and the imaging findings differ from those in immunocompetent patients. Here, we present the imaging findings in an immunocompetent woman of a rare case of central nervous system cryptococcal choroid plexitis with trapped temporal horns, enlarged enhancing bilateral choroid plexuses and multiple intraventricular choroid plexus cysts.
|
['Aged', 'Choroid Plexus', 'Cryptococcus neoformans', 'Female', 'Headache', 'Humans', 'Immunocompetence', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Meningitis, Cryptococcal', 'Vomiting']
| 20,139,243
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['A08.186.211.140.298'], ['B01.300.381.258.366', 'B01.300.930.316.366'], ['C23.888.592.612.441'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.460'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['C01.150.703.181.500.500', 'C01.150.703.248.290', 'C01.207.198.500.500', 'C10.228.228.198.500.500', 'C10.228.614.300.500'], ['C23.888.821.937']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Neurocomputational mechanisms underlying subjective valuation of effort costs.
|
In everyday life, we have to decide whether it is worth exerting effort to obtain rewards. Effort can be experienced in different domains, with some tasks requiring significant cognitive demand and others being more physically effortful. The motivation to exert effort for reward is highly subjective and varies considerably across the different domains of behaviour. However, very little is known about the computational or neural basis of how different effort costs are subjectively weighed against rewards. Is there a common, domain-general system of brain areas that evaluates all costs and benefits? Here, we used computational modelling and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine the mechanisms underlying value processing in both the cognitive and physical domains. Participants were trained on two novel tasks that parametrically varied either cognitive or physical effort. During fMRI, participants indicated their preferences between a fixed low-effort/low-reward option and a variable higher-effort/higher-reward offer for each effort domain. Critically, reward devaluation by both cognitive and physical effort was subserved by a common network of areas, including the dorsomedial and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, the intraparietal sulcus, and the anterior insula. Activity within these domain-general areas also covaried negatively with reward and positively with effort, suggesting an integration of these parameters within these areas. Additionally, the amygdala appeared to play a unique, domain-specific role in processing the value of rewards associated with cognitive effort. These results are the first to reveal the neurocomputational mechanisms underlying subjective cost-benefit valuation across different domains of effort and provide insight into the multidimensional nature of motivation.
|
['Adult', 'Amygdala', 'Brain', 'Choice Behavior', 'Cognition', 'Computer Simulation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Models, Neurological', 'Physical Exertion', 'Reaction Time', 'Reward', 'Risk', 'Task Performance and Analysis', 'Young Adult']
| 28,234,892
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211.180.090', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.152'], ['A08.186.211'], ['F02.463.785.373.346'], ['F02.463.188'], ['L01.224.160'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E05.599.395.642'], ['G11.427.683'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['F02.463.425.770.836'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['F02.784.412.846', 'F02.784.692.746', 'F02.808.600'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
BK virus encephalopathy and sclerosing vasculopathy in a patient with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia and immunodeficiency.
|
Human BK polyomavirus (BKV) is reactivated under conditions of immunosuppression leading most commonly to nephropathy or cystitis; its tropism for the brain is rare and poorly understood. We present a unique case of BKV-associated encephalopathy in a man with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia and immunodeficiency (HED-ID) due to IKK-gamma (NEMO) mutation, who developed progressive neurological symptoms. Brain biopsy demonstrated polyomavirus infection of gray and white matter, with predominant involvement of cortex and distinct neuronal tropism, in addition to limited demyelination and oligodendroglial inclusions. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated polyoma T-antigen in neurons and glia, but expression of VP1 capsid protein only in glia. PCR analysis on both brain biopsy tissue and cerebrospinal fluid detected high levels of BKV DNA. Sequencing studies further identified novel BKV variant and disclosed unique rearrangements in the noncoding control region of the viral DNA (BKVN NCCR). Neuropathological analysis also demonstrated an unusual form of obliterative fibrosing vasculopathy in the subcortical white matter with abnormal lysosomal accumulations, possibly related to the patient's underlying ectodermal dysplasia. Our report provides the first neuropathological description of HED-ID due to NEMO mutation, and expands the diversity of neurological presentations of BKV infection in brain, underscoring the importance of its consideration in immunodeficient patients with unexplained encephalopathy. We also document novel BKVN NCCR rearrangements that may be associated with the unique neuronal tropism in this patient.
|
['Adult', 'BK Virus', 'Brain', 'Brain Diseases', 'Ectodermal Dysplasia 1, Anhidrotic', 'Humans', 'I-kappa B Kinase', 'Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes', 'Male', 'Polyomavirus Infections']
| 27,411,570
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B04.280.210.700.615.100', 'B04.613.204.670.615.100'], ['A08.186.211'], ['C10.228.140'], ['C16.131.077.350.198', 'C16.131.831.350.198', 'C16.320.322.116', 'C16.320.850.250.198', 'C17.800.804.350.198', 'C17.800.827.250.198'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.494', 'D12.644.360.361', 'D12.776.476.378'], ['C20.673'], ['C01.925.256.721']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Performance characteristics of beta-2-microglobulin measurements on a Beckman Immage analyzer with the DakoCytomation reagent kit.
|
OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of serum beta-2-microglobulin (beta2M) in an automated analyzer.DESIGN AND METHODS: The DakoCytomation beta2M kit is an antibody based reagent intended for quantitative determination of beta2M in serum and plasma by rate nephelometry.RESULTS: The limit of blank is 0.16 mg/L. The method is linear up to 17.9 mg/L. The imprecision ranged from 2.1% to 7.9% at the concentrations of 1.77 and 7.19 mg/L, respectively. Method comparison yielded slope=1.009, r=0.998. No interference was observed from hemolytic or icteric specimens. Reference interval of a healthy population was 1.13 mg/L to 3.04 mg/L.CONCLUSION: The DakoCytomation reagent is acceptable to measure serum beta2M.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunoassay', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nephelometry and Turbidimetry', 'Reagent Kits, Diagnostic', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Young Adult', 'beta 2-Microglobulin']
| 19,643,100
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566', 'E05.601.470'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.196.712.650'], ['D27.505.259.875', 'D27.720.470.410.680', 'E07.720'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['M01.060.116.815'], ['D12.776.124.790.223.100', 'D12.776.377.715.182.100', 'D12.776.395.550.489.100', 'D12.776.543.550.439.100', 'D23.050.301.500.100.175', 'D23.050.705.552.100.175']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Comparative study on remote sensing invertion methods for estimating winter wheat leaf area index].
|
The present study aims to explore capability of different methods for winter wheat leaf area index inversion by integrating remote sensing image and synchronization field experiment. There were four kinds of LAI inversion methods discussed, specifically, support vector machines (SVM), discrete wavelet transform (DWT), continuous wavelet transform (CWT) and principal component analysis (PCA). Winter wheat LAI inversion models were established with the above four methods respectively, then estimation precision for each model was analyzed. Both discrete wavelet transform method and principal component analysis method are based on feature extraction and data dimension reduction, and multivariate regression models of the two methods showed comparable accuracy (R2 of DWT and PCA model was 0. 697 1 and 0. 692 4 respectively; RMSE was 0. 605 8 and 0. 554 1 respectively). While the model based on continuous wavelet transform suffered the lowest accuracy and didn't seem to be qualified to inverse LAL It was indicated that the nonlinear regression model with support vector machines method is the most eligible model for estimating winter wheat LAI in the study area.
|
['Models, Theoretical', 'Plant Leaves', 'Principal Component Analysis', 'Regression Analysis', 'Remote Sensing Technology', 'Support Vector Machine', 'Triticum', 'Wavelet Analysis']
| 25,095,437
|
[['E05.599'], ['A18.024.812'], ['E05.318.740.562'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E01.370.520.750.500', 'E05.925.500', 'L01.178.847.675.500'], ['G17.035.250.500.500.500', 'L01.224.050.375.530.500.500'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.918'], ['E05.959', 'G17.915', 'L01.224.800.750']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in AIDS: radiographic, CT, and pathologic findings.
|
PURPOSE: To review the radiographic and computed tomographic (CT) manifestations of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and to correlate the imaging and pathologic findings in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).MATERIALS AND METHODS: Chest radiographs, CT scans, and pathologic specimens were reviewed retrospectively in 10 AIDS patients with proved invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.RESULTS: The most common radiographic finding was the presence of thick-walled cavitary lesions. Less common findings included nodules, consolidation, and pleural effusion. CT depicted more nodules and cavities than did radiography. The predominant pathologic abnormalities consisted of tissue invasion and abscess formation and angioinvasion with or without infarction. All patients had infection with Aspergillus fumigatus as well as other pathogens, the most common being cytomegalovirus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.CONCLUSION: Thick-walled cavitary lesions are the most common radiologic manifestation of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in AIDS. The findings are more numerous and better defined on CT scans. The radiologic findings reflect a spectrum of pathologic abnormalities.
|
['AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections', 'Adult', 'Aspergillosis', 'Aspergillus fumigatus', 'Humans', 'Lung', 'Lung Diseases, Fungal', 'Male', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 7,617,853
|
[['C01.221.250.875.100', 'C01.597.050', 'C01.610.684.050', 'C01.925.597.050', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.100', 'C20.673.480.100'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C01.150.703.080'], ['B01.300.381.081.295'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A04.411'], ['C01.150.703.534', 'C01.748.435', 'C08.381.472', 'C08.730.435'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Brazilian adolescents' knowledge and beliefs about abortion methods: a school-based internet inquiry.
|
BACKGROUND: Internet surveys that draw from traditionally generated samples provide the unique conditions to engage adolescents in exploration of sensitive health topics.METHODS: We examined awareness of unwanted pregnancy, abortion behaviour, methods, and attitudes toward specific legal indications for abortion via a school-based internet survey among 378 adolescents aged 12-21 years in three Rio de Janeiro public schools.RESULTS: Forty-five percent knew peers who had undergone an abortion. Most students (66.0%) did not disclose abortion method knowledge. However, girls (aOR 4.2, 95% CI 2.4-7.2), those who had experienced their sexual debut (aOR1.76, 95% CI 1.1-3.0), and those attending a prestigious magnet school (aOR 2.7 95% CI 1.4-6.3) were more likely to report methods. Most abortion methods (79.3%) reported were ineffective, obsolete, and/or unsafe. Herbs (e.g. marijuana tea), over-the-counter medications, surgical procedures, foreign objects and blunt trauma were reported. Most techniques (85.2%) were perceived to be dangerous, including methods recommended by the World Health Organization. A majority (61.4%) supported Brazil's existing law permitting abortion in the case of rape. There was no association between gender, age, sexual debut, parental education or socioeconomic status and attitudes toward legal abortion. However, students at the magnet school supported twice as many legal indications (2.7, SE.27) suggesting a likely role of peers and/or educators in shaping abortion views.CONCLUSIONS: Abortion knowledge and attitudes are not driven simply by age, religion or class, but rather a complex interplay that includes both social spaces and gender. Prevention of abortion morbidity and mortality among adolescents requires comprehensive sexuality and reproductive health education that includes factual distinctions between safe and unsafe abortion methods.
|
['Abortion, Induced', 'Adolescent', 'Brazil', 'Child', 'Female', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Internet', 'Male', 'Peer Group', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy in Adolescence', 'Pregnancy, Unwanted', 'Schools', 'Sex Factors', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Young Adult']
| 24,521,075
|
[['E04.520.050'], ['M01.060.057'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['F01.829.316.483'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.784.769.494'], ['G08.686.784.769.580'], ['I02.783', 'J03.832'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Transforming of the drug resistance plasmid from Staphylococcus aureus into Escherichia coli].
|
OBJECTIVE: To discuss the possible mechanism of drug resistance transmission between Staphylococcus and Escherichia coli.METHODS: The chloramphenicol resistance plasmid of Staphylococcus aureus was extracted to transform the sensitive Escherichia coli, and the drug-resistant Escherichia coli were screened by drug sensitivity test.RESULTS: The drug-resistant Escherichia coli were successfully obtained.CONCLUSION: Staphylococcus may have a natural shuttle plasmid of drug resistance, which can transform Escherichia coli under specific conditions.
|
['Drug Resistance, Bacterial', 'Escherichia coli', 'Plasmids', 'Staphylococcus', 'Transformation, Bacterial']
| 21,097,411
|
[['G06.099.225', 'G06.225.347', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.360.600'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750', 'B03.353.500.750.750', 'B03.510.100.750.750', 'B03.510.400.790.750'], ['E05.393.350.810.500', 'G05.728.860.500', 'G05.728.865.820', 'G06.099.850']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disease autoantigen-calreticulin can inhibit C1q association with immune complexes.
|
Following its release from cells during infection and inflammation, calreticulin (CRT) can act as an autoantigen in diseases such as SLE. Why CRT is a target of protective immunity and whether it may interfere with innate immunity once released from cells during inflammation is unclear. In the present study, we found that CRT was detected more frequently in SLE sera and in higher amounts than found in control sera. Approximately 40% of SLE sera tested contained autoantibodies against CRT as detected by ELISA and immunoblotting. CRT was found to be predominantly in the sera of SLE patients associated with immune complexes and C1q, and only bound to the surfaces of neutrophils in the presence of low levels of calcium and magnesium. In order to further investigate the C1q-CRT interaction, recombinant CRT and its discrete domains (N-, P-, and C-domains) were produced in Escherichia coli. CRT binds to globular head region of C1q primarily via its N- and P-domains. The N-domain was shown to be the most autoantigenic region of CRT, as the anti-CRT autoantibodies from most patients reacted against this region. CRT also altered C1q-mediated immune functions. The P-domain of CRT bound to C1q and reduced the binding of immune complexes in SLE sera to immobilized C1q. Full length CRT and its N- and P-domains were able to reduce the C1q-dependent binding of immune complexes to neutrophils and solid-phase bound C1q. We conclude that CRT, once released from leucocytes during inflammation, may not only induce an antigenic reaction, but also interfere with C1q-mediated inflammatory processes.
|
['Adult', 'Antigen-Antibody Complex', 'Autoantibodies', 'Autoantigens', 'Binding Sites', 'Calcium-Binding Proteins', 'Calreticulin', 'Complement C1q', 'Complement Inactivator Proteins', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic', 'Protein Binding', 'Ribonucleoproteins']
| 9,158,084
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.257', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.257', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.257', 'D23.050.101'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323'], ['D23.050.422'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D12.776.157.125'], ['D12.644.360.372.374', 'D12.776.157.125.412.374', 'D12.776.476.387.374', 'D12.776.503.303'], ['D12.776.124.486.274.050.270'], ['D12.776.124.486.274.920'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['C17.300.480', 'C20.111.590'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776.157.725.500', 'D12.776.664.962.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Cost-utility analysis comparing meropenem with imipenem plus cilastatin in the treatment of severe infections in intensive care.
|
This study compared the cost-effectiveness of meropenem with that of imipenem plus cilastatin in the treatment of severe infections in hospital intensive care in the UK. A Markov model was constructed to model lifetime costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) of using meropenem and imipenem plus cilastatin for the treatment of severe infections in intensive care. Estimates of effectiveness, utility weights and costs were obtained from the published literature. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the robustness of the results. Estimated treatment costs for the patient cohort were pound 14,938 with meropenem and pound 15,585 with imipenem plus cilastatin. QALYs gained were 7,495 with meropenem and 7,413 with imipenem plus cilastatin. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed meropenem to be significantly less costly (-pound 636.47, 95% CI -pound 132.33 to -pound 1,140.62) and more effective (0.084, 95% CI 0.023 to 0.144). Meropenem thus appears significantly more effective and less expensive than imipenem plus cilastatin and should therefore be considered the dominant treatment strategy.
|
['Aged', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bacterial Infections', 'Cilastatin', 'Cohort Studies', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Decision Support Techniques', 'Dipeptidases', 'Drug Combinations', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intensive Care Units', 'Male', 'Markov Chains', 'Meropenem', 'Middle Aged', 'Quality-Adjusted Life Years', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Thienamycins']
| 16,429,296
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['C01.150.252'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.533.200', 'D10.251.355.325.200'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['E05.245', 'L01.313.500.750.190'], ['D08.811.277.656.350.297'], ['D26.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.388.493'], ['E05.318.740.600.500', 'E05.318.740.996.500', 'G17.830.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.500', 'N05.715.360.750.770.500', 'N06.850.520.830.600.500', 'N06.850.520.830.996.500'], ['D02.065.589.099.124.300.750', 'D03.633.100.300.124.300.750'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.100.500.700', 'N01.224.935.530.700'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['D02.065.589.099.124.300', 'D03.633.100.300.124.300']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Chitosan nanoparticles as a potential drug delivery system for the ocular surface: toxicity, uptake mechanism and in vivo tolerance.
|
PURPOSE: To study the in vitro and in vivo interaction of chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs), a new particulate drug carrier, with epithelial cells on the ocular surface.METHODS: CSNPs labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate-bovine serum albumin were produced by ionotropic gelation. Human conjunctival epithelial cells (IOBA-NHC) were exposed for 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes to three different CSNP concentrations. Immediately after treatment and after a 24-hour recovery period in culture medium, cell survival, and viability were measured. The association of CSNPs with IOBA-NHC cells was investigated by confocal microscopy. The influence of temperature and the effect of metabolic inhibition were studied by fluorometry. The in vivo uptake and acute tolerance of the ocular surface to CSNPs were evaluated in rabbits.RESULTS: Cell survival and viability of CSNP-exposed cells were equivalent to that of the control. Uptake of CSNPs was continuous for the 2-hour duration of these experiments and was temperature dependent. Metabolic inhibition by sodium azide had no effect on CSNP uptake. The rabbit ocular surface showed no signs of inflammation or alteration after CSNP exposure compared with the control. Fluorescence microscopy of rabbit eyeball and lid sections confirmed in vivo uptake by conjunctival and corneal epithelia.CONCLUSIONS: CSNPs were internalized by IOBA-NHC cells by an active transport mechanism that did not compromise cell viability. Moreover, these nanoparticles were well tolerated by the ocular surface tissues. These facts add further support for the potential use of these colloidal systems to delivery drugs to the ocular surface.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Transport', 'Cell Count', 'Cell Survival', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chitosan', 'Conjunctiva', 'Cornea', 'Drug Carriers', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Female', 'Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate', 'Fluorophotometry', 'Humans', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Microspheres', 'Rabbits', 'Serum Albumin, Bovine']
| 16,565,375
|
[['B01.050'], ['G03.143'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['G04.346'], ['A11.251'], ['D05.750.078.139.500', 'D09.698.211.500'], ['A09.371.060.200', 'A09.371.337.168'], ['A09.371.060.217'], ['D26.255.260', 'E02.319.300.380'], ['A11.436'], ['D02.455.426.779.347.400', 'D02.500.375.250', 'D02.886.250.250', 'D03.633.300.953.275.400', 'D04.711.347.400'], ['E01.370.380.255', 'E05.196.712.516.600.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['E07.565'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['D12.776.034.841.540', 'D12.776.124.727.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Postnatal deficiency of omega-3 fatty acids in monkeys: fluid intake and urine concentration.
|
Previous studies demonstrated increased fluid intake in rhesus monkeys exposed to combined prenatal and long-term postnatal (PRE+POST) dietary deficiency of omega-3 fatty acids. Here we determined the effect of dietary deficiency in omega-3 fatty acids occurring only prenatally (PRE) or only postnatally (POST). Water intake over 24 hours, water intake in 15-minute tests, and excretion of combined urine and feces over 24 hours were all about twice as great in POST as in PRE monkeys. Neither group preferred or avoided salt solutions compared to water in two-bottle tests. Serum electrolytes, total protein, and glucose were within the normal range, and both groups concentrated urine when deprived of water. Levels of all omega-3 fatty acids in red blood cells were greatly depressed in POST monkeys, while levels of omega-6 fatty acids were elevated or unchanged. These results confirm the effects of PRE+POST deficiency on fluid intake and demonstrate that postnatal deficiency by itself is sufficient for the effects.
|
['Aging', 'Animals', 'Drinking', 'Erythrocytes', 'Fatty Acids, Omega-3', 'Female', 'Kidney Concentrating Ability', 'Male', 'Pregnancy', 'Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects', 'Sodium Chloride', 'Water-Electrolyte Balance']
| 1,523,223
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['G07.203.650.283.249', 'G10.261.330.249'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['D10.212.302.380.410', 'D10.251.355.337', 'D10.627.430.450'], ['G08.852.536'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.824.500'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650'], ['G02.111.635.500', 'G03.615.500', 'G07.410.810.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Glenohumeral articular contact areas and pressures following labral and osseous injury to the anteroinferior quadrant of the glenoid.
|
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of progressive labral and bone loss on the articular contact area and pressures across the glenohumeral joint under compressive loads of 220 and 440 N. Eight fresh-frozen cadaver shoulders were used, and contact pressures in 4 quadrants of the glenoid were determined with a Tekscan flexible tactile force sensor. Testing conditions included intact glenoids, glenoids with the anteroinferior labrum removed, and glenoids with 3 sizes of bone defects in the anteroinferior quadrant. By means of Tekscan sensing equipment, the measured contact area over the glenolabral complex was between 49.0% and 61.5% of the calculated surface area for the intact specimens. Loss of the anteroinferior labrum decreased contact area by 7% to 15% compared with the intact specimens, and the mean contact pressure increased by 8% to 20%. With bone loss corresponding to a defect measuring 30% of the diameter in the anteroinferior quadrant, contact area across the entire glenoid decreased a mean of 41% compared with the intact specimens, whereas the mean contact pressure increased nearly 100%. When the anteroinferior quadrant of the glenoid was analyzed separately, loss of the anteroinferior labrum alone resulted in an increase in the mean contact pressure in this quadrant compared with the intact specimens (mean, 53%). Bone loss of 30% of the diameter resulted in mean contact pressures in this quadrant increasing by 300% to 400% compared with the intact specimens, with 2 of 8 specimens becoming grossly unstable. In addition, with 30% diameter bone loss, the mean contact pressure decreased by 26% in the posterosuperior quadrant, indicating a shift in loading of the cadaveric glenoid. Peak pressures followed similar trends, with labral loss alone increasing peak pressures in the anteroinferior quadrant by a mean of 28% of that seen for the intact specimens.
|
['Adult', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Humans', 'Joint Instability', 'Pressure', 'Shoulder Joint']
| 12,378,162
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.550.521'], ['G01.374.715'], ['A02.835.583.748']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Inhibition of testicular androgenesis by urinary antigonadotropins and melatonin in rats.
|
Comparative in vitro and in vivo studies of the effects of urinary gonadotropin-inhibiting substances and melatonin on the androgenesis in rat testicular homogenates were performed. When the urinary extract containing the inhibiting substances or melatonin was added directly to the incubation medium, and was also injected into rats 24 and 48 hrs prior to sacrifice, either one was effective in suppressing the conversion of pregnenolone to testosterone and/or androstenedione in testicular tissues. The urinary extract exerted the inhibitory effect on the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone in vitro and in vivo, whereas melatonin did not have this effect in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest that the antigonadotropic substances are different from melatonin in their action on androgenesis in the rat testes.
|
['Androstenedione', 'Animals', 'Chorionic Gonadotropin', 'Male', 'Melatonin', 'Pineal Gland', 'Rats', 'Testis', 'Testosterone']
| 499,096
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hydrogen peroxide enhances signal-responsive arachidonic acid release from neurons: role of mitogen-activated protein kinase.
|
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a potent stimulator of signal-responsive phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in vascular smooth muscle and cultured endothelial cells. We investigated whether H2O2 plays a similar regulatory role in neurons. H2O2 did not stimulate a release of arachidonic acid from cultured neurons when applied alone but strongly enhanced the liberation of arachidonic acid evoked by maximally effective concentrations of either glutamate, the glutamate receptor agonist N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), the muscarinic receptor agonist carbachol, the Na+-channel opener veratridine, or the Ca2+-ionophore ionomycin. The potentiating effects of H2O2 were strongly inhibited in the presence of the PLA2 inhibitor mepacrine, suggesting that the site of action was within the signal responsive arachidonic acid cascade. The enhancing effect of H2O2 was not reversed by protein kinase C inhibitors (chelerythrine chloride or GF 109203X) nor was it mimicked by phorbol ester treatment. H2O2 alone strongly enhanced the levels of immunodetectable activated mitogen-activated protein kinase (activated MAP kinases ERK1 and ERK2) in a Ca2+-dependent manner and this effect was additive with increases in the levels of activated MAP kinase evoked by glutamate. The enhanced release of arachidonic acid, however, was not clearly reversed by the MAP kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor PD 98059, although this treatment effectively abolished H2O2 activation of MAP kinase. Thus, MAP kinase activation and Ca2+-dependent arachidonic acid release are regulated by oxidative stress in cultured striatal neurons.
|
['Animals', 'Arachidonic Acid', 'Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Corpus Striatum', 'Drug Synergism', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists', 'Glutamic Acid', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Mice', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases', 'N-Methylaspartate', 'Neurons', 'Phospholipases A', 'Phospholipases A2', 'Protein Kinase C', 'Protein Kinase Inhibitors', 'Signal Transduction']
| 9,572,294
|
[['B01.050'], ['D10.251.355.255.100.100', 'D10.251.355.310.166.100'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.125', 'D12.644.360.100', 'D12.776.476.100'], ['A11.251'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487'], ['G07.690.773.968.477'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['D27.505.519.625.190.200', 'D27.505.696.577.190.200'], ['D12.125.067.625.349', 'D12.125.119.409.349', 'D12.125.427.300'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.249.500', 'D12.644.360.450.169.500', 'D12.776.476.450.169.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.249.750', 'D12.644.360.450.169.750', 'D12.776.476.450.169.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.565', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.200', 'D12.644.360.440', 'D12.776.476.440'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567', 'D12.644.360.450', 'D12.776.476.450'], ['D12.125.067.500.400', 'D12.125.119.170.400'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.680.750'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.680.750.937'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.725'], ['D27.505.519.389.755'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The contribution of emotion regulation difficulties to risky sexual behavior within a sample of patients in residential substance abuse treatment.
|
The present study examined the unique contribution of emotion regulation difficulties to past-year risky sexual behavior (RSB) among substance use disorder (SUD) patients (above and beyond other known RSB risk factors). A sample of 177 SUD patients completed a series of questionnaires. At the zero-order level, emotion regulation difficulties, were significantly positively associated with the number of commercial sexual (i.e., the exchange of sex for drugs or money) partners with which penetrative sex occurred and significantly negatively associated with the likelihood of using a condom when having sex with a commercial partner under the influence of drugs. Emotion regulation difficulties also significantly predicted these RSB indices above and beyond other RSB risk factors, including demographics, depression, sensation seeking, traumatic exposure, and substance use severity. The specific emotion regulation difficulty of lack of emotional clarity emerged as a unique predictor of RSB. The implications of these findings for understanding motivations for RSB and developing targeted interventions for RSB among SUD patients are discussed.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Emotions', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Residential Treatment', 'Risk Factors', 'Risk-Taking', 'Sexual Behavior', 'Substance-Related Disorders', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Young Adult']
| 22,658,304
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.754.864.696'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.722'], ['F01.145.802'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cost-effectiveness of incisional negative pressure wound therapy compared with standard care after caesarean section in obese women: a trial-based economic evaluation.
|
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of incisional negative pressure wound therapy (iNPWT) in preventing surgical site infection in obese women after caesarean section.DESIGN: A cost-effectiveness analysis conducted alongside a clinical trial.SETTING: Five obstetric departments in Denmark.POPULATION: Women with a pregestational body mass index (BMI) ?30 kg/m2 .METHOD: We used data from a randomised controlled trial of 876 obese women who underwent elective or emergency caesarean section and were subsequently treated with iNPWT (n = 432) or a standard dressing (n = 444). Costs were estimated using data from four Danish National Databases and analysed from a healthcare perspective with a time horizon of 3 months after birth.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cost-effectiveness based on incremental cost per surgical site infection avoided and per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained.RESULTS: The total healthcare costs per woman were €5793.60 for iNPWT and €5840.89 for standard dressings. Incisional NPWT was the dominant strategy because it was both less expensive and more effective; however, no statistically significant difference was found for costs or QALYs. At a willingness-to-pay threshold of €30,000, the probability of the intervention being cost-effective was 92.8%. A subgroup analysis stratifying by BMI shows that the cost saving of the intervention was mainly driven by the benefit to women with a pre-pregnancy BMI ?35 kg/m2 .CONCLUSION: Incisional NPWT appears to be cost saving compared with standard dressings but this finding is not statistically significant. The cost savings were primarily found in women with a pre-pregnancy BMI ?35 kg/m2 .TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: Prophylactic incisional NPWT reduces the risk of SSI after caesarean section and is probably dominant compared with standard dressings #healtheconomics.
|
['Adult', 'Bandages', 'Cesarean Section', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Denmark', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy', 'Obesity', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications', 'Quality-Adjusted Life Years', 'Standard of Care', 'Surgical Wound Infection', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 30,507,022
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E07.101'], ['E04.520.252.500'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['Z01.542.816.124'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.309.610', 'E04.237.444', 'E04.987.550'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703'], ['E05.318.740.100.500.700', 'N01.224.935.530.700'], ['N04.761.789.900', 'N05.715.840'], ['C01.947.692', 'C23.550.767.925'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Mechanistics of formation and ultrastructural evaluation of hepatocyte spheroids.
|
Freshly harvested rat hepatocytes form spheroids on uncoated positively charged polystyrene surfaces. Time lapse microscopy revealed that cell movement and reorganization were involved in spheroid formation. Ultrastructural evaluation using scanning and transmission electron microscopy indicated polarized cellular morphology and extensive cell-cell communication within spheroids. Bile canalicular structures were observed to surround each individual hepatocyte, forming an intricate three-dimensional continuous network of channels that appeared to end as pores/holes on the surface of the spheroid. The maintenance of differentiated cellular morphology coincided with preservation of hepatocyte viability and enhanced levels of tissue specific functions in spheroids.
|
['Albumins', 'Animals', 'Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System', 'Liver', 'Liver, Artificial', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Spheroids, Cellular']
| 8,727,043
|
[['D12.776.034'], ['B01.050'], ['D08.244.453', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170', 'D12.776.422.220.453'], ['A03.620'], ['E07.858.082.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['A11.251.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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