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A CASE OF NEUROFIBROMATOSIS TYPE 2 WITH UNUSUAL CLINICAL FEATURES.
|
PURPOSE: To report a case of a neurofibromatosis Type 2 with unusual clinical features.METHODS: Observational clinical case report.RESULTS: A 22-year-old woman was referred with bilateral blurred vision and macular "scars." Ocular examination revealed bilateral posterior subcapsular and cortical cataract, optic disk swelling, hyperpigmented macular lesions, epiretinal membrane, and macular temporal dragging. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomographic imaging showed bilateral epiretinal membranes, peripapillary nerve fiber layer thickening, and vitreoretinal tractional bands. In the right eye, focal choroidal excavation was noted at the site of the macular lesion. In fluorescein angiography, mild vascular leakage, capillary nonperfusion, and ground glass hyperfluorescence was seen in temporal periphery of the right eye. Brain imaging showed intracranial calcification and vestibular schwannoma, which was removed by a neurosurgeon. A clinical diagnosis of neurofibromatosis Type 2 was made.CONCLUSION: A case of neurofibromatosis Type 2 with some possibly novel or rare findings, namely, focal choroidal excavation, ash leaf spots, and intracranial calcifications was presented.
|
['Brain', 'Epiretinal Membrane', 'Female', 'Fluorescein Angiography', 'Fundus Oculi', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Neurofibromatosis 2', 'Optic Disk', 'Retina', 'Tomography, Optical Coherence', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Young Adult']
| 28,834,919
|
[['A08.186.211'], ['C11.768.328'], ['E01.370.370.050.350', 'E01.370.380.250'], ['A09.371.729.313'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.595.610.500', 'C04.557.580.600.580.590.655', 'C04.557.580.600.610.595.610.500', 'C04.700.631.655', 'C09.218.807.800.675.500', 'C09.647.675.500', 'C10.292.225.750.500', 'C10.292.910.600.500', 'C10.562.600.750', 'C10.574.500.549.700', 'C16.320.400.560.700', 'C16.320.700.633.655'], ['A08.800.800.120.680.660', 'A09.371.729.690'], ['A09.371.729'], ['E01.370.350.589.249.500', 'E01.370.350.825.805.500', 'E05.642.249.500'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
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| 0
|
Patients with primary localized high-grade sarcomas of the digestive tract excluding GIST : a retrospective study from the French sarcoma group.
|
INTRODUCTION : The natural history of localized high-grade sarcomas of the digestive tract (SDT) excluding GIST has been rarely considered owing to their low incidence and heterogeneity. We describe the histoclinical characteristics of SDT and correlate them with patients' outcomes.METHODS: We retrospectively collected medical files from a European database covering connective tissue tumors listed in Europe for about twenty years. Only untreated localized primary high-grade SDT were included. A central histological review was performed for each case. Patients' characteristics were compared and correlated with clinical outcomes.RESULTS: A total of 45 patients were identified. Leiomyosarcomas (LMS) and undifferentiated sarcomas (UDS) were predominant, the former having better overall survival (OS) and progressionfree survival (PFS) while the latter having a worse outcome than the other histological types. Complete remission was obtained in 34 patients (75%) and was associated with male sex, age over 40 years and monofocal tumor. Complete surgery and LMS histology were associated with a better prognosis without any significant difference in baseline characteristics or in treatment modalities.CONCLUSION: Complete surgery and histological type seem to be prognostic indicators of SDT. These results suggest the importance of treating these patients in a reference center.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Child', 'Disease Progression', 'Europe', 'Female', 'France', 'Gastrointestinal Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Grading', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sarcoma', 'Survival Rate']
| 29,560,643
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['Z01.542'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['C04.588.274.476', 'C06.301.371', 'C06.405.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.612'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C04.557.450.795'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Antiplasmodial activities of homogentisic acid derivative protein kinase inhibitors isolated from a Vanuatu marine sponge Pseudoceratina sp.
|
As part of our search for new antimalarial drugs in South Pacific marine sponges, we have looked for inhibitors of Pfnek-1, a specific protein kinase of Plasmodium falciparum. On the basis of promising activity in a preliminary screening, the ethanolic crude extract of a new species of Pseudoceratina collected in Vanuatu was selected for further investigation. A bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of a derivative of homogentisic acid [methyl (2,4-dibromo-3,6-dihydroxyphenyl)acetate, 4a] which inhibited Pfnek-1 with an IC(50) around 1.8 muM. This product was moderately active in vitro against a FcB1 P. falciparum strain (IC(50) = 12 muM). From the same sponge, we isolated three known compounds [11,19-dideoxyfistularin-3 (1), 11-deoxyfistularin-3 (2) and dibromo-verongiaquinol (3)] which were inactive against Pfnek-1. Synthesis and biological evaluation of some derivatives of 4a are reported.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Antimalarials', 'Enzyme Assays', 'Homogentisic Acid', 'Plasmodium falciparum', 'Porifera', 'Protein Kinase Inhibitors', 'Vanuatu']
| 20,098,604
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D27.505.954.122.250.100.085'], ['E05.196.427'], ['D02.241.223.601.421'], ['B01.043.075.380.611.561'], ['B01.050.500.802'], ['D27.505.519.389.755'], ['Z01.639.760.590.736']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Who reports sexual function problems? Empirical evidence from Britain's 2000 National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles.
|
OBJECTIVE: To identify sociodemographic, sexual, and health behavioural and attitudinal factors associated with reporting sexual function problems.METHODS: A probability sample survey of 11 161 men and women aged 16-44 years resident in Britain in 2000. Data collected by a combination of computer assisted face to face and self interviewing. Outcomes were self report of a range of sexual function problems, considered as "any problems" (1+ lasting 1+ months in the past year) and "persistent problems" (1+ lasting 6+ months in the past year), and associations with sociodemographic, behavioural, and attitudinal variables.RESULTS: Both "any" and "persistent" sexual function problems were more commonly reported by women than men. A variety of sociodemographic factors were associated with both measures but differed by gender. For example, the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for reporting any problems for married v single respondents was 0.70 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.57 to 0.87) v 1.31 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.56) for men and women, respectively. Sexual behaviours significantly associated with reporting sexual function problems included competence at first sex, paying for sex in the past 5 years, number of occasions of sex and masturbation, both in the past 4 weeks. For men (only), reporting STI diagnosis(es) was significantly associated with reporting "any" problems (AOR 2.1, 95% CI 1.4 to 3.2) and "persistent" problems (AOR 2.1, 95% CI 1.1 to 3.9). Both measures were significantly more likely among men and women who reported communication difficulties with their partners, with AORs in excess of 1.9.CONCLUSIONS: Sexual fulfilment is an important part of sexual health. Understanding factors associated with reporting sexual problems, and recognising that such factors maybe partnership specific, is an important step towards improving our understanding of sexual function and thus improving the provision of care and support available.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Attitude to Health', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care', 'Self Disclosure', 'Sexual Behavior', 'Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological', 'Sexual Partners', 'United Kingdom']
| 16,199,738
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.100.150.750.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500'], ['F01.752.747.792.662'], ['F01.145.802'], ['C12.294.644', 'C13.351.500.665'], ['M01.778'], ['Z01.542.363']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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| 1
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| 0
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| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Cardiorespiratory control by carotid chemoreceptors during experimental dives in the seal.
|
The diving responses of apnea and bradycardia, produced experimentally by immersing the face in water, were successfully elicited in the harbor seal Phoca vitulina anesthetized with urethan. The role of the carotid body chemoreceptors in the production of the diving bradycardia was studied in isolated carotid sinus-body preparations autoperfused with blood from the arterial circulation. When asphyxia was well developed during a dive the chemoreceptor drive was withdrawn by temporarily perfusing the chemoreceptors with blood of high PO2 (greater than 400 mmHg) and normal PCO2 from a disk oxygenator. The heart rate immediately rose to its predive value. Reestablishing hypoxic hypercapnic blood perfusion of the chemoreceptors from the animal's own circulation caused bradycardia with persistence of the apnea. Breathing restarted only on emersion. Substitution of normal arterialized blood from the oxygenator before or at the onset of a dive had no effect on the existing heart rate. It is concluded that the carotid bodies play an important part in maintaining the diving bradycardia during developing asphyxia without affecting respiration.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Pressure', 'Caniformia', 'Carotid Body', 'Diving', 'Female', 'Heart Rate', 'Hemodynamics', 'Male', 'Respiration', 'Seals, Earless', 'Trachea']
| 860,766
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250'], ['A08.675.650.915.500.600.150', 'A08.800.950.500.600.150', 'A11.671.650.915.500.600.150'], ['I03.450.642.845.945.500.110', 'N06.230.150.150'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['G09.330.380'], ['G09.772.705'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.700'], ['A04.889']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
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| 0
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| 1
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Treatment of pruritus in a palliative care patient with low-dose paroxetine: a case report.
|
BACKGROUND: Pruritus is a distressing symptom seen in palliative care. There is limited high-quality evidence of pharmaceutical treatments for pruritus in palliative care, including the use of paroxetine.CASE PRESENTATION: I present a case of a 70-year-old caucasian woman with metastatic ovarian cancer who presented with severe pruritus. She had been diagnosed with bile duct obstruction 1 month earlier. Antihistamines and over-the-counter skin creams were first trialed, to no effect. Paroxetine was started at 5 mg in the evening, with the intention of titrating up. However, 5 mg of paroxetine was effective, and the patient's pruritus fully resolved after the second day.CONCLUSIONS: This case supports the use of paroxetine as a therapy for pruritus in palliative care patients and suggests that paroxetine may be effective at a very low dose.
|
['Aged', 'Cholestasis', 'Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 Inhibitors', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Palliative Care', 'Paroxetine', 'Pruritus', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 28,965,488
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C06.130.120.135'], ['D27.505.389.500.368', 'D27.505.519.389.335.368'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['E02.760.666', 'N02.421.585.666'], ['D03.383.621.600'], ['C17.800.685', 'C23.888.885.625'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Varices of the common bile duct as a surgical hazard.
|
In the case of a 78-year-old woman with three common duct stones is reported. The most striking finding at operation, was extensive varices of the common duct. There was no evidence of varices elsewhere nor of an arteriovenous fistula. The varices are assumed to be idiopathic or a unique manifestation of a chronic cholangitic venous disorder. The situation, although unique, is readily recognized. Methods of management directed at avoiding intraoperative bleeding are suggested.
|
['Aged', 'Biliary Tract Diseases', 'Common Bile Duct', 'Female', 'Gallstones', 'Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Varicose Veins']
| 911,102
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C06.130'], ['A03.159.183.079.300'], ['C06.130.409.633', 'C06.130.564.332.500', 'C23.300.175.525'], ['C23.550.414'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.927']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Pharmacokinetics of cisplatin and relation to nephrotoxicity in paediatric patients.
|
BACKGROUND: Cisplatin is a highly effective and frequently used drug in the chemotherapy of solid tumours in children, but only limited data are available on the pharmacokinetics of cisplatin and its associated nephrotoxicity in paediatric patients.METHODS: We investigated the pharmacokinetics of free platinum (Pt) in 12 children (25 courses) receiving cisplatin (75-120 mg/m2) either as a continuous 72-h infusion, prolonged single 6-h infusion or repetitive 1-h infusions. Plasma and urinary Pt concentrations were analysed using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity was determined using creatinine clearance and several glomerular and tubular marker proteins.RESULTS: Using a two-compartment model the pharmacokinetic parameters for free Pt were: initial half-life 21.6 +/- 9.6 min, terminal half-life 25.9 +/- 16.2 h, area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) 13.5 +/- 4.97 (microg/ml) x h/(100 mg/m2) and cumulative renal elimination(infinity) 41.7 +/- 6.6% of dose. Higher cisplatin delivery rates led to higher peak concentrations of free Pt in plasma and urine and to lower cumulative renal Pt elimination (P < 0.01). During all courses, increases of urinary albumin and alpha1-microglobulin excretion were documented. The creatinine clearance decreased significantly to 70% of baseline values. Correlations were found between both peak free Pt concentrations in plasma and in urine and the maximum of urinary excretions of albumin and of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and the nadir of the glomerular filtration rate (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: With respect to nephrotoxicity, long-term infusions of cisplatin seem to be preferable over intermittent bolus administration in paediatric patients. The best predictive pharmacokinetic parameters for cisplatin-associated nephrotoxicity in children are peak free Pt concentrations in plasma and urine.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Albuminuria', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Area Under Curve', 'Biomarkers', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cisplatin', 'Creatinine', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Female', 'Half-Life', 'Humans', 'Infusions, Intravenous', 'Kidney', 'Kidney Diseases', 'Male', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Neoplasms', 'Trypsin Inhibitor, Kunitz Soybean']
| 11,599,657
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C12.777.934.734.269', 'C13.351.968.934.734.269', 'C23.888.942.750.269'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['E05.318.740.200', 'G03.787.101', 'G07.690.725.064', 'N06.850.520.830.200'], ['D23.101'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D01.210.375', 'D01.625.125', 'D01.710.100'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['E02.319.283'], ['G01.910.405'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.082.500', 'E02.319.267.510.590'], ['A05.810.453'], ['C12.777.419', 'C13.351.968.419'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['C04'], ['D12.776.765.741.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Macroconidial development and germination in Trichophyton mentagrophytes.
|
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes was investigated for macroconidial development with particular emphasis on the conidial ageing by light and scanning electron microscopy. Macroconidial germination was also studied under various conditions. Sabouraud glucose agar supplemented with 3% NaCl was used to enhance production of macroconidia. After a long-term cultivation macroconidial compartments changed to spherical thick-walled structure. Some 12-month-old macroconidia were still capable of germination. A wide range of temperature (15-37 degrees C), and inoculum of less than 1 X 10(5) conidia per ml of rich media were appropriate for macroconidial germination. The germination process of macroconidia was highly tolerant to NaCl. A small fraction of the conidia were able to germinate even in distilled water without activation. Effect of freeze-thaw or ultraviolet irradiation on macroconidial germination was determined.
|
['Sodium Chloride', 'Temperature', 'Trichophyton']
| 3,339,260
|
[['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['B01.300.381.928']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Habituation of premonitory sensations during exposure and response prevention treatment in Tourette's syndrome.
|
Exposure to premonitory sensations and response prevention of tics (ER) has been shown to be a promising new treatment for Tourette's syndrome (TS). The present study tested the hypothesis that habituation to unpleasant premonitory sensations associated with the tic is an underlying mechanism of change in ER. Patients rated the severity of sensations and urges at 15-minute intervals during ten 2-hour ER sessions. Multilevel models using multiple time trend analyses showed significant reductions of the sensory severity ratings both within and between sessions. The decrease of these severity ratings was related to the frequency of tics exhibited during sessions, regardless of tic severity at baseline. These results support the hypothesis that habituation may be at least part of the underlying working mechanism of exposure in the treatment of tics in TS and that effective tic suppression during sessions is an important factor in this habituation process.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Female', 'Habituation, Psychophysiologic', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Sensation', 'Tics', 'Tourette Syndrome']
| 18,285,507
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F02.463.425.393', 'F02.830.422', 'G11.561.312'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F02.830.816', 'G11.561.790'], ['C10.597.350.700', 'C23.888.592.350.700'], ['C10.228.140.079.898', 'C10.228.662.825.800', 'C10.574.500.850', 'C16.320.400.820', 'F03.625.992.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Repeated injections of nicergoline increase the nerve growth factor level in the aged rat brain.
|
We studied whether nicergoline, clinically active in chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency, influences nerve growth factor (NGF) levels in the rat brain. In young Fischer rats, repeated intraperitoneal injections of nicergoline (0.3 and 1.0 mg/kg body weight) did not show any effects on frontal NGF contents determined by a highly sensitive enzyme immunoassay. In aged rats, 22-month-old, however, repeated injections of nicergoline (1.0 mg/kg body weight) induced a significant increase in the NGF level in the frontal region.
|
['Aging', 'Animals', 'Brain', 'Injections, Intraperitoneal', 'Male', 'Nerve Growth Factors', 'Nicergoline', 'Nootropic Agents', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred F344']
| 9,593,228
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E02.319.267.530.490'], ['D12.644.276.860', 'D12.776.467.860', 'D12.776.631.600', 'D23.529.850'], ['D03.132.327.287.730', 'D03.633.400.439.730'], ['D27.505.954.427.637'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.200', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.200']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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| 0
| 0
|
A quantitative light microscopic analysis and ultrastructural description of cholecystokinin-like immunoreactivity in the spinal trigeminal nucleus of the rat.
|
The spinal trigeminal nucleus is involved in orofacial sensory transmission. Cholecystokinin octapeptide has been identified in axons in this nucleus and appears to play a role in the transmission of orofacial sensation from the trigeminal ganglia to the spinal trigeminal nucleus. Although cholecystokinin has been reported in axonal processes within the spinal trigeminal nucleus at the light microscopic level, nothing is known about the synaptic relationships of these cholecystokinin axons. The goals of this study were to quantitatively determine the volume fraction of cholecystokinin-like immunoreactive cell bodies and fibers in the three subnuclei of the spinal trigeminal nucleus, to provide the first ultrastructural description of cholecystokinin-like immunoreactive processes within these subnuclei and to analyse the synaptic relationships of cholecystokinin-like immunoreactive processes within the spinal trigeminal nucleus neuropil. Cholecystokinin-like immunoreactivity was localized by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method or the peroxidase labeled, avidin-biotin technique and quantified at the light microscopic level by point counting. Immunoreactive fibers were present in all three subnuclei, but the greatest volume fraction of immunoreactive axons was obtained in laminae I and II of the nucleus caudalis. No immunoreactive cell bodies were evident in any of the subnuclei. The majority of immunoreactive profiles in all three subnuclei were identified ultrastructurally as axon terminals that contained both small and medium sized agranular vesicles and infrequently, large dense core vesicles. These immunoreactive terminals were usually found in close contact with non-immunoreactive dendrites with which they were observed to form asymmetric synapses. Immunoreactive terminals were occasionally observed to contact the cell bodies of large non-immunoreactive neurons on the border of laminae I and II in the nucleus caudalis. These results indicate that cholecystokinin-like immunoreactive processes are present throughout the spinal trigeminal nucleus, and in nucleus caudalis show a distribution similar to that reported for the spinal cord dorsal horn. Immunoreactive axons make synaptic contact with both the dendrites and perikarya of spinal trigeminal nucleus neurons. No axoaxonic synapses were observed. These findings suggest that cholecystokinin plays an important role in spinal trigeminal nucleus function. The possible colocalization of cholecystokinin and substance P in the spinal trigeminal nucleus, and the possible role of cholecystokinin in attenuating the action of opioids in the spinal trigeminal nucleus are also discussed.
|
['Animals', 'Endorphins', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Immunochemistry', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Receptors, Opioid', 'Sincalide', 'Trigeminal Nucleus, Spinal']
| 3,035,422
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.644.400.575.241', 'D12.776.631.650.575.241'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['H01.158.201.486', 'H01.181.122.605', 'H02.403.044.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.620', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.610', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.610'], ['D06.472.317.152.700', 'D12.644.120.500'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.428.600.650.750', 'A08.186.211.132.810.591.500.875', 'A08.186.211.132.931.920']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Desmopressin 120 mcg, 180 mcg, 240 mcg: The right treatment for the right patient.
|
BACKGROUND: The first-line drug therapy for patients with nocturnal enuresis (NE) associated with nocturnal polyuria and normal bladder function is desmopressin (dDAVP).OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if increasing dose of oral desmopressin lyophilisate (MELT) can improve response rates to dDAVP and is useful in enuretic children.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We enrolled a total of 260 children all diagnosed with NE. Enuretic children were treated with increasing MELT at a dose of 120, 180 and 240 mcg a day.RESULTS: We included in our study a total of 237 children, 164 males (69.2%) and 73 females (30.8%) aged between 5 and 18 years (mean age 10.32 ± 2.52 years). Of the 237 patients enrolled in the study and treated with MELT 120 mcg, a full response was achieved in 135 (56.9%). A partial response was achieved in 21 (8.9%) patients, therefore the dose was increased up to 180 mcg, with further improving symptoms (14.3%) or full response (9.5%), and up to 240 mcg, without usefulness.CONCLUSIONS: MELT at the dose of 120 mcg resulted efficacy and safety; the increased dose up to 180 mcg resulted poorly efficacy; finally, the further increase up to 240 mcg did not improve the symptoms with the increased risk of side effects.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Deamino Arginine Vasopressin', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Nocturnal Enuresis', 'Renal Agents', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 29,974,730
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D06.472.699.631.692.781.100.250', 'D12.644.400.900.100.250', 'D12.644.456.925.100.250', 'D12.644.548.691.692.781.100.250', 'D12.776.631.650.937.100.250'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.934.284.500', 'C13.351.968.934.252.500', 'F01.145.126.856.500', 'F03.388.400.500'], ['D27.505.954.613'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Solving Tomorrow's Problems Today? Daily Anticipatory Coping and Reactivity to Daily Stressors.
|
OBJECTIVES: The present study examined the day-to-day fluctuation of state-like anticipatory coping (coping employed prior to stressors) and how these coping processes relate to important outcomes for older adults (i.e., physical health, affect, memory failures).METHOD: Forty-three older adults aged 60-96 (M = 74.65, SD = 8.19) participated in an 8-day daily diary study of anticipatory coping, stressors, health, affect, and memory failures. Participants reported anticipatory coping behaviors on one day with respect to 6 distinct stressor domains that could occur the following day.RESULTS: Multilevel models indicated that anticipatory coping changes from day to day and within stressor domains. Lagged associations suggested that yesterday's anticipatory coping for potential upcoming arguments is related to today's physical health and affect. Increased stagnant deliberation is associated with reduced cognitive reactivity (i.e., fewer memory failures) to arguments the next day.DISCUSSION: Taken together, these findings suggest that anticipatory coping is dynamic and associated with important daily outcomes.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Adaptation, Psychological', 'Affect', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Health Status', 'Humans', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Resilience, Psychological', 'Self Efficacy', 'Stress, Psychological']
| 25,681,090
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['F01.058'], ['F01.470.047'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F02.940'], ['F01.752.747.792.700'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Accumulation of phenylpropanoid derivatives in chitosan-induced cell suspension culture of Cocos nucifera.
|
Chitosan-induced elicitation responses of dark-incubated Cocos nucifera (coconut) endosperm cell suspension cultures led to the rapid formation of phenylpropanoid derivatives, which essentially mimics the defense-induced biochemical changes in coconut palm as observed under in vivo conditions. An enhanced accumulation of p-hydroxybenzoic acid as the major wall-bound phenolics was evident. This was followed by p-coumaric acid and ferulic acid. Along with enhanced peroxidases activities in elicited lines, the increase in activities of the early phenylpropanoid pathway enzymes such as, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), p-coumaroyl-CoA ligase (4CL) and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde dehydrogenase (HBD) in elicited cell cultures were also observed. Furthermore, supplementation of specific inhibitors of PAL, C4H and 4CL in elicited cell cultures led to suppressed accumulation of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, which opens up interesting questions regarding the probable route of the biosynthesis of this phenolic acid in C. nucifera.
|
['Aldehyde Oxidoreductases', 'Cell Wall', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chitosan', 'Cocos', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Hydroxybenzoates', 'Peroxidase', 'Phenols', 'Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase', 'Time Factors']
| 18,448,193
|
[['D08.811.682.657.163'], ['A11.284.183'], ['A11.251'], ['D05.750.078.139.500', 'D09.698.211.500'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.093.211'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['D02.241.223.100.300', 'D02.241.511.390', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.281', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.410'], ['D08.811.682.732.700'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['D08.811.520.232.400.700'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Side effects in excimer corneal surgery. DNA damage as a result of 193 nm excimer laser radiation.
|
UV radiation is known to cause actinic damage to the DNA. Excimer laser light, possibly used for keratorefractive surgery, should not produce this damage, as the penetration depth is far less than the diameter of a cell. However, photoreactivation experiments with yeast cells show a significant amount of DNA repair after excimer irradiation. The zone of influence of a small slitlike exposure has a diameter of 2 cm. Consequently, the limbus, the critical location of epithelial neoplasia, always lies within the sphere of actinic damage. Radiation damage is induced by secondary radiation rather than by direct interaction.
|
['Cell Line', 'Cornea', 'DNA Damage', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation', 'Laser Therapy', 'Radiation Injuries', 'Yeasts']
| 3,402,750
|
[['A11.251.210'], ['A09.371.060.217'], ['G05.200'], ['E05.799.513.500', 'G01.750.740.500', 'G04.712.500', 'G07.225', 'G07.738.500', 'N06.850.810.250.180'], ['E02.594', 'E04.014.520'], ['C26.733', 'G01.750.748.500', 'N06.850.460.350.850.500', 'N06.850.810.300.360'], ['B01.300.930']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Cortical surface characteristics among offspring of schizophrenia subjects.
|
BACKGROUND: A systematic study of cortical surface parameters in adolescent offspring of schizophrenia subjects before clinical manifestation could clarify neurodevelopmental antecedents of increased genetic risk. We examined these measures obtained on structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans at baseline and one year on a series of offspring of schizophrenia parents and healthy subjects.METHODS: We measured cortical surface area, curvature and thickness using BRAINS2 on structural MRI scans acquired using 1.5 T GE whole body scanner on all subjects. We examined the differences between study groups at baseline using mixed-effects models, and longitudinal trajectory of these measures using linear mixed-effects models.RESULTS: At baseline, offspring of schizophrenia parents showed reduced gyral surface area in the fronto-parietal lobes along with increased sulcal curvature and parietal gyral cortical thinning compared to healthy subjects. Prospective follow up of these subjects for one year showed shrinking of the total surface area, especially in the bilateral frontal and occipital regions along with preservation of cortical thickness among offspring of schizophrenia parents whereas healthy subjects showed preserved or increased surface area and cortical thinning. Correlation of these measures with lobar volumes was not observed at baseline cross-sectional comparisons but was observed in longitudinal examinations.DISCUSSION: Our observations suggest that adolescents with genetically elevated risk for schizophrenia show altered cortical surface measures affecting cortical surface area and thickness differentially suggesting a divergent trajectory of neurodevelopment. Cortical surface measures appear to be more sensitive to genetic liability to schizophrenia compared to volumetric measures.
|
['Adolescent', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Child', 'Child of Impaired Parents', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Schizophrenia', 'Young Adult']
| 19,962,858
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.106'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['F03.700.750'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Pathology of colonic polyps].
|
Recent developments in the field of polyps of the colon are discussed. The WHO classification represents a definite improvement. Apart from standardization, non-neoplastic polypoid changes of varying etiology and hamartomatous polyps are clearly distinguished from neoplastic, non-malignant adenomas. The various changes are outlined briefly in their essential characteristics. Clear-cut differentiation from early invasive cancer is of considerable importance for practical therapeutic purposes. Focal carcinoma within an adenoma is referred to only if invasion through the muscularis mucosae is established, while all other changes confined to the mucosa are termed adenomas with focal epithelial atypia. With regard to the relation between adenoma and cancer of the colon, recent results on topographical distribution of adenomas through the colon are of considerable significance. From serial studies of biopsy and autopsy specimens on the one hand, and from assessment of colon carcinoma incidence compared with mortality rates in carcinomas of different localizations on the other, it is evident that special attention should be given henceforward to adenomas, possible precursors, and carcinomas in the upper segments of the colon.
|
['Adenoma', 'Carcinoma', 'Colon', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Humans', 'Intestinal Neoplasms', 'Intestinal Polyps', 'World Health Organization']
| 675,194
|
[['C04.557.470.035'], ['C04.557.470.200'], ['A03.556.124.526.356', 'A03.556.249.249.356'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.476.411', 'C06.301.371.411', 'C06.405.249.411', 'C06.405.469.491'], ['C23.300.825.411'], ['N03.540.514.718.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Biologic activity of synthetic analogues of C5a anaphylatoxin.
|
The C activation fragment C5a is the most potent plasma-derived chemotactic factor known. This humoral factor induces both neutrophil and macrophage activation at low nanomolar concentrations. We have synthesized a series of C-terminal C5a analogues that exhibit all of the characteristic biologic activities of C5a. These peptides apparently contain the effector site for C5a receptor-mediated cellular activation, but express only a fraction of the potency of intact C5a. We have demonstrated the following in vitro activities for these C5a peptides: 1) ileal (guinea pig) contraction; 2) platelet (guinea pig) activation; and 3) neutrophil (human) polarization and chemotaxis. The effect of C5a peptides in vivo was evaluated by measuring enhancement in vascular permeability. Although potencies of the most effective synthetic C5a analogues were on the order of 0.01 to 0.1% that of the natural factor, our biologic data confirm that the C5a peptides are full agonists of the intact factor and may be useful substitutes for intact C5a. Furthermore, our results indicate that elongation of the C5a analogues from 10 to 19 residues in length contributes little toward enhancing or decreasing potency of the synthetic C5a analogues. Replacement of residues in the effector region by D-amino acids or by introduction of a cyclic group to reduce flexibility of the backbone decreased potency of the analogues. Substitution of His 67 by Phe in the decapeptide C5a 65-74 resulted in a significant increase in potency of the C5a analogue. The marked enhancement in potency from replacing His 67 by Phe in analogue C5a peptides identifies an important hydrophobic subsite. We conclude that site-specific amino acid modifications in or near the C-terminal effector site sequence can diminish or optimize potency of the model C5a peptides. However, there apparently are subsites on folded C5a, from regions other than the C-terminal portion of the molecule, that contribute significant receptor interactions. These subsites must be identified and incorporated into C5a model peptide designs before expression of full potency by synthetic analogues of this factor will be realized.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Capillary Permeability', 'Chemotaxis, Leukocyte', 'Complement C5a', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Platelet Aggregation', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 1,578,141
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G03.143.330', 'G09.330.165'], ['G04.198.424.233'], ['D12.776.124.486.274.024.270', 'D12.776.124.486.274.450.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G11.427.494'], ['D12.644.541'], ['G09.188.370.687', 'G09.188.390.600.640'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Factors affecting image acquisition during scanning laser polarimetry.
|
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To illustrate artifacts that may be encountered during measurement of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) using scanning laser polarimetry (SLP).PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 426 patients with a variety of ocular diagnoses underwent RNFL measurements using SLP from June 1996 to April 1997. Scanning was performed by two operators whose reproducibility of measurements had been previously validated. Images were selected to illustrate clinical features that adversely affected measurement of the thickness of the RNFL.RESULTS: Image acquisition was difficult in eyes with corneal grafts or edema, keratic precipitates, anterior uveitis, posterior subcapsular cataract, vitreous opacity, peripapillary atrophy, posterior staphyloma, and high axial myopia. These scans resulted in poor clinical correlation with visual field tests and optic nerve examination, poor reproducibility of images, and unreadable images.CONCLUSION: Anterior and posterior segment pathologies, particularly those localized to the cornea and lens, may produce spurious RNFL measurements and should be carefully considered prior to clinical decision making.
|
['Aged', 'Artifacts', 'Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological', 'Eye Diseases', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lasers', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nerve Fibers', 'Optic Disk', 'Retina']
| 9,674,004
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.047'], ['E01.370.380'], ['C11'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.632.490', 'E07.710.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A08.675.542', 'A11.671.501'], ['A08.800.800.120.680.660', 'A09.371.729.690'], ['A09.371.729']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of acetyl strophanthidin on duration of atrial fibrillation in the neurally-intact and blockaded dog.
|
Although the inotropic and dromotropic effects of cardiac glycosides in atrial fibrillation (AF) are well recognized, their action on AF itself is not clear. Accordingly, to determine whether cardiac glycosides prolong AF, the duration of electrically induced AF, atrioventricular conduction, and left ventricular function were assessed for 30 minutes before and for 30 minutes following intravenous administration of acetyl strophanthidin (AS), 20 micrograms/kg, in neurally intact, beta-blocked, and beta-blocked and vagotomized dogs. In the intact dog, AS, 20 micrograms/kg, increased peak dp/dt by 132 +/- 35 mmHg.sec-1, p less than 0.05, and slowed ventricular response by 16 +/- 7 min-1, p less than 0.05, but had a variable effect on AF duration. While the increased left ventricular peak dp/dt persisted for 15 minutes after AS, an increased duration of AF was evident only at 20 minutes, when the effects of AS on left ventricular (LV) inotropy were no longer apparent. Moreover, the subset of dogs that did not demonstrate prolongation of average duration of AF after AS had a greater increment of peak dp/dt than those that showed prolongation, 237 +/- 52 versus 53 +/- 31 mmHg.sec-1, p less than 0.05. An additional 20 micrograms/kg, which produced ventricular extrasystoles, prolonged AF duration when compared to both control and 30-minute measurements. Acetyl strophanthidin, 20 micrograms/kg, had a variable effect on duration of AF with beta-blockade but prolonged duration by 114 +/- 34%, p less than 0.05, with both vagotomy and beta-blockade.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Animals', 'Atrial Fibrillation', 'Dogs', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Nerve Block', 'Strophanthidin']
| 3,154,634
|
[['B01.050'], ['C14.280.067.198', 'C23.550.073.198'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['E05.723.402'], ['E03.155.086.711', 'E04.525.210.550'], ['D04.210.500.155.580.130.750.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Reversible dementia due to valproic acid therapy].
|
A progressive dementia syndrome (DSM IV) with frontal-subcortical features developed in a 72-year-old woman during valproate therapy (Depakine). Discontinuation of valproate resulted in complete recovery. Drugs are a common cause of reversible dementia. The association of dementia with valproate therapy is rare. Features of a subcortical dementia are indicative of a reversible cause. In addition, the possible role of drugs should always be considered in patients with cognitive decline.
|
['Aged', 'Anticonvulsants', 'Dementia', 'Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic', 'Female', 'Frontal Lobe', 'Humans', 'Valproic Acid']
| 9,157,301
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.427.080'], ['C10.228.140.380', 'F03.615.400'], ['C10.228.140.490.375.290'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.241.081.944.509.900', 'D10.251.400.895.593.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Transfer of the scorpion toxin receptor to an insensitive potassium channel.
|
Voltage-dependent potassium channels belong to a family of structurally related cation channels that underlie the electrical activity of excitable cells. Many potassium channels are blocked with high affinity by scorpion toxins, whereas others are completely insensitive. We transferred toxin sensitivity from the highly sensitive Kv1.3 (KV3) to the insensitive Kv2.1 (DRK1) potassium channel by transferring the stretch of amino acids between transmembrane domains 5/6. We provide evidence that this S5-S6 linker, which has been shown to comprise the pore-forming region, is probably the only part of the ion channel that directly interacts with bound toxin. Using site-directed mutagenesis, we identified specific residues in the S5-S6 linker that are responsible for the acquisition of toxin sensitivity by Kv2.1.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Female', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Oocytes', 'Potassium Channels', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Sequence Homology', 'Sodium Channels', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Xenopus']
| 7,946,339
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['A05.360.490.690.680', 'A11.497.497.600'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['D12.776.828'], ['G02.111.810', 'G05.810'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.875', 'D12.776.543.550.450.875', 'D12.776.543.585.400.875'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.610.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Leukemia inhibitory factor in long-term adherent layer cultures: increased levels of bioactive protein in leukemia and modulation by IL-4, IL-1 beta, and TNF-alpha.
|
In the current study, we used a monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and bioassay to assess leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) protein levels, activity, and function in supernatants of 59 adherent layers derived from acute and chronic myelogenous leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and hairy cell leukemia patients and from normal controls. We demonstrate that biologically active LIF protein is constitutively produced and secreted by cultured bone marrow stromal cells from all of the studied subjects. Furthermore, various cytokines can alter endogenous LIF protein levels. Twenty-four h of exposure to recombinant human (rh) interleukin (IL) 4 (100 units/ml) significantly decreased LIF protein levels in adherent layer conditioned media [median base line level, 2.6 ng/ml; range, 1.6-8.0 ng/ml; median post rhIL-4 exposure levels, 1.9 ng/ml; range, 0.9-5.8 ng/ml (n = 7; P = 0.022)]. In contrast, rhIL-1 beta and rh tumor necrosis factor alpha consistently increased LIF protein levels. In the samples exposed to 50 units/ml rhIL-1 beta, median base line LIF level was 2.6 ng/ml; median post-LIF level was 9.0 ng/ml (n = 8; P = 0.014). In the two samples exposed to rh tumor necrosis factor alpha (200 units/ml), LIF levels increased from baseline levels of 2.6 and 2.7 ng/ml to postexposure levels of 7.7 and 12.2 ng/ml, respectively. Finally, the presence of LIF may be relevant to both normal and malignant hematopoietic processes as evidenced by: (a) LIF protein levels in adherent layer conditioned media were significantly elevated in samples from patients with a spectrum of hematological neoplasms [acute myelogenous leukemia: median level, 3.0 ng/ml (range, 1.6-11.0 ng/ml); myelodysplastic syndrome: median level, 4.5 ng/ml (range 1.4-15.5 ng/ml); hairy cell leukemia; median level, 3.5 ng/ml (range 2.2-10.3 ng/ml); chronic myelogenous leukemia-chronic phase: median level, 4.35 ng/ml (range 0.3-19.0 ng/ml); and chronic myelogenous leukemia-blast crisis: median level, 6.25 ng/ml (range 0.7-20.3 ng/ml)] as compared to samples from normal individuals (median level, 2.0 ng/ml; range, 0.7-4.6 ng/ml; P < 0.05); and (b) in normal controls, in vitro abrogation of endogenous LIF bioactivity by neutralizing antibody decreased the number of committed granulocyte-macrophage hemopoietic progenitors.
|
['Blast Crisis', 'Bone Marrow', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Line', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Growth Inhibitors', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-1', 'Interleukin-4', 'Interleukin-6', 'Leukemia', 'Leukemia Inhibitory Factor', 'Leukemia, Hairy Cell', 'Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive', 'Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute', 'Lymphokines', 'Myelodysplastic Syndromes', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Reference Values', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 8,137,298
|
[['C04.557.337.539.250.100', 'C04.697.098.500.110', 'C15.378.190.636.370.100', 'C23.550.727.098.500.110'], ['A15.382.216'], ['G04.022'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.251'], ['D27.505.696.377.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400', 'D23.529.374.465.131', 'D23.529.374.500.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.186', 'D12.776.467.374.465.178', 'D23.529.374.465.186'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['C04.557.337'], ['D12.644.276.374.470', 'D12.776.467.374.470', 'D23.529.374.470'], ['C04.557.337.415', 'C15.604.515.553', 'C20.683.515.517'], ['C04.557.337.539.250', 'C15.378.190.636.370'], ['C04.557.337.539.275'], ['D12.644.276.374.480', 'D12.776.467.374.480', 'D23.529.374.480'], ['C15.378.190.625'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E05.978.810'], ['A11.251.860'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Precipitin and mitogenic behavior of dimeric and tetrameric concanavalin A.
|
The results of double diffusion and quantitative precipitin tests show that in contrast to the concanavalin A tetramer, the dimer is incapable of precipitating glycogen. The results support previous work suggesting that dimers composed of two fragmented monomer units possess only one binding site for carbohydrate (McKenzie and Sawyer, J. Biol. Chem. 1973. 248: 549). On the other hand, dimer and tetramer species had similar mitogenic activity as measured by the incorporation of radioactive thymidine by mouse spleen lymphocytes and induced cap formation to similar degrees. Results are discussed in terms of the affinity and valency of the polymeric forms and their stability at the cell surface.
|
['Animals', 'Chemical Precipitation', 'Concanavalin A', 'Glycogen', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Mice', 'Mitogens', 'Protein Conformation', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 976,313
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.150', 'G02.159'], ['D12.776.503.499.500', 'D12.776.765.678.500'], ['D05.750.078.562.388', 'D09.698.365.388'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D27.505.519.593.624'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Interferon-gamma potentiates the antiviral activity and the expression of interferon-stimulated genes induced by interferon-alpha in U937 cells.
|
Binding of type I interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) to specific receptors results in the rapid transcriptional activation, independent of protein synthesis, of IFN-alpha-stimulated genes (ISGs) in human fibroblasts and HeLa and Daudi cell lines. The binding of ISGF3 (IFN-stimulated gene factor 3) to the conserved IFN-stimulated response element (ISRE) results in transcriptional activation. This factor is composed of a DNA-binding protein (ISGF3 gamma), which normally is present in the cytoplasm, and other IFN-alpha-activated proteins which preexist as latent cytoplasmic precursors (ISGF3 alpha). We have found that ISG expression in the monocytic U937 cell line differs from most cell lines previously examined. U937 cells express both type I and type II IFN receptors, but only IFN-alpha is capable of inducing antiviral protection in these cells. Pretreatment with IFN-gamma potentiates the IFN-alpha-induced protection, but IFN-gamma alone does not have any antiviral activity. ISG15 mRNA accumulation in U937 cells is not detectable before 6 h of IFN-alpha treatment, peaks at 24 h, and requires protein synthesis. Although IFN-gamma alone does not induce ISG expression, IFN-gamma pretreatment markedly increases and hastens ISG expression and transcriptional induction. Nuclear extracts assayed for the presence of ISRE binding factors by electrophoretic mobility shift assays show that ISGF3 is induced by IFN-alpha within 6 h from undetectable basal levels in untreated U937 cells. Activation of ISGF3 alpha, the latent component of ISGF3, occurs rapidly. However, the increase in ISGF3 activity ultimately correlates with the accumulation of ISGF3 gamma induced by IFN-alpha or IFN-gamma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Cell Line', 'Cycloheximide', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Humans', 'Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3', 'Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3, alpha Subunit', 'Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3, gamma Subunit', 'Interferon-alpha', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Monocytes', 'Radioligand Assay', 'Transcription Factors', 'Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus', 'Viral Plaque Assay']
| 1,315,834
|
[['A11.251.210'], ['D03.383.621.808.240'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G05.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.360.024.303', 'D12.776.157.057.061', 'D12.776.260.513', 'D12.776.476.024.386', 'D12.776.930.354'], ['D12.644.360.024.303.500', 'D12.776.157.057.061.500', 'D12.776.260.513.249', 'D12.776.476.024.386.500', 'D12.776.930.354.249'], ['D12.644.360.024.302.500', 'D12.644.360.024.303.750', 'D12.776.157.057.050.500', 'D12.776.157.057.061.750', 'D12.776.260.504.500', 'D12.776.260.513.500', 'D12.776.476.024.385.500', 'D12.776.476.024.386.750', 'D12.776.930.332.500', 'D12.776.930.354.500'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890.250', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890.250', 'D23.529.374.440.890.250'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['E01.370.225.985', 'E01.370.374.650', 'E01.370.384.720', 'E05.200.985'], ['D12.776.930'], ['B04.820.480.937.750.900.900'], ['E01.370.225.875.970.790', 'E05.200.875.970.790']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Molecular analysis of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.
|
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a mutation in the GnRH receptor gene is responsible for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).DESIGN: Molecular analysis of human genomic DNA.SETTING: Academic research environment.PATIENT(S): Eighty patients with PCOS.INTERVENTION(S): Extraction and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of genomic DNA, confirmation of PCR products by ethidium bromide staining of agarose gels after electrophoresis, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of PCR products, and photography.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Mutations in the GnRH receptor of women with PCOS.RESULT(S): Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis revealed no mutations in the exonic sequence encoding the open reading frame of the GnRH receptor.CONCLUSION(S): A mutation in the GnRH receptor gene is unlikely to be the underlying cause of PCOS in most patients. The molecular basis of this disorder remains unknown.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Exons', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Open Reading Frames', 'Polycystic Ovary Syndrome', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Receptors, LHRH']
| 10,439,012
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.360.335.760.640', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.650'], ['C04.182.612.765', 'C13.351.500.056.630.580.765', 'C19.391.630.580.765'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.410', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.460', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.460', 'D12.776.543.750.750.700.460']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Intravesical migration of an intrauterine contraceptive device complicated by bladder stone: a report of six cases.
|
Intrauterine contraceptive device is the most popular method of reversible contraception in developing countries due to its efficiency and low cost. However, this device is often inserted by paramedics of variable skills, and follow-up evaluations are irregular or absent which can be the source of major complications. The authors report six cases of intravesical migration of intrauterine contraceptive devices complicated by bladder stones. All the six cases were managed endoscopically with excellent outcome. The authors demonstrate that this major complication can be managed endoscopically with decreased morbidity for the patient.
|
['Adult', 'Cystoscopy', 'Device Removal', 'Female', 'Foreign-Body Migration', 'Humans', 'Intrauterine Devices', 'Lithotripsy', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Urinary Bladder', 'Urinary Bladder Calculi']
| 16,941,071
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.388.250.180', 'E01.370.390.175', 'E04.502.250.180', 'E04.950.774.155'], ['E04.199'], ['C26.392.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.190.250.510'], ['E02.600', 'E04.943.500'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['A05.810.890'], ['C12.777.829.720', 'C12.777.967.500.925', 'C13.351.968.829.521', 'C13.351.968.967.500.925', 'C23.300.175.850.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Glucose absorption and production following oral glucose: comparison of compartmental and arteriovenous-difference methods.
|
Both whole-body models and the regional arteriovenous (AV)-difference method have been used to calculate systemic glucose rates of appearance (Ras) under non-steady-state conditions. Although whole-body models have been experimentally validated in the dog, direct comparison of the whole-body and regional-balance approach has not been made in man. We reanalyzed published data obtained by combining the double-tracer technique ([3H]glucose infusion with ingestion of a [14C]glucose-labeled load) with hepatic vein catheterization. Steele's monocompartmental model underestimated the Ra of oral glucose ([RaO] by 12%, P < .0001) and overestimated the Ra of endogenous glucose ([RaE] by 19%, P < .0001) in comparison to a two-compartment (2-c) model calculation. Splanchnic balance data were used to compute the total glucose Ra (RaT) with either steady-state or non-steady-state equations (the latter by estimating splanchnic transit times). Except for one early time point (15 minutes), the two calculations agreed well with one another. The glucose RaT by the balance method was well correlated with that calculated by the 2-c whole-body model (r = .72, P < .0001 on all data points); however, the former significantly underestimated the latter by 0.62 mg.min-1.kg-1 (or 13%, P < .01) on average throughout the absorptive period. This bias was small in comparison to the estimated random error affecting the calculation of glucose RaT by the model, which averaged 1.4 mg.min-1.kg-1 (corresponding to a variation coefficient of approximately 30%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Blood Glucose', 'Brachial Artery', 'Glucose', 'Hepatic Veins', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Models, Biological']
| 7,968,597
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['A07.015.114.139'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['A07.015.908.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.599.395']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Disruption of the Lcn2 gene in mice suppresses primary mammary tumor formation but does not decrease lung metastasis.
|
Based largely on studies in xenograft models, lipocalin-2 (Lcn2) has been implicated in the progression of multiple types of human tumors, including breast cancer. Here we examine the role of Lcn2 in mammary tumorigenesis and lung metastasis using an in vivo molecular genetics approach. We crossed a well-characterized transgenic mouse model of breast cancer, the MMTV-PyMT (mouse mammary tumor virus-polyoma middle T antigen) mouse, with two independent gene-targeted Lcn2(-/-) mouse strains of the 129/Ola or C57BL/6 genetic background. The onset and progression of mammary tumor development and lung metastasis in the female progeny of these crosses were monitored over a 20-week period. Female Lcn2(-/-)MMTV-PyMT mice of the 129/Ola background (Lcn2(-/-)PyMT(129)) showed delayed onset of mammary tumors, and both Lcn2(-/-)PyMT(129) mice and Lcn2(-/-)MMTV-PyMT mice of the C57BL/6 background (Lcn2(-/-)PyMT(B6)) exhibited significant decreases in multiplicity and tumor burden (approximately 2- to 3-fold), as measured by total tumor weight and volume. At the molecular level, mammary tumors derived from Lcn2(-/-)PyMT(B6) females showed reduced matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity and a lack of high molecular weight MMP activity. However, although increased MMP-9 activity has been linked to tumor progression, neither Lcn2(-/-)PyMT(B6) nor Lcn2(-/-)PyMT(129) female mice showed a reduction in lung metastases compared to Lcn2(+/+)PyMT controls. Our results demonstrate, using an in vivo animal model approach, that Lcn2 is a potent inducer of mammary tumor growth but not a significant promoter of lung metastasis.
|
['Acute-Phase Proteins', 'Animals', 'Blotting, Western', 'Crosses, Genetic', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Female', 'Histological Techniques', 'Lipocalin-2', 'Lipocalins', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Mammary Neoplasms, Animal', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 9', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Oncogene Proteins']
| 20,133,630
|
[['D12.776.124.050'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['E05.393.281'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['E01.370.225.750', 'E05.200.750'], ['D12.776.124.050.475', 'D12.776.157.469.325', 'D12.776.624.664.700.123'], ['D12.776.157.469'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['C04.588.531', 'C22.520'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.350', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.350', 'D12.644.276.848.350', 'D12.776.467.836.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['D12.776.624.664']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Requirements for dynamical differential phase contrast x-ray imaging with a laboratory source.
|
X-ray phase contrast enables weakly-attenuating structures to be imaged, with bright synchrotron sources adding the ability to capture time sequences and analyse sample dynamics. Here, we describe the translation of dynamical differential phase contrast imaging from the synchrotron to a compact x-ray source, in order to achieve this kind of time sequence imaging in the laboratory. We formulate broadly-applicable set-up guidelines for the single-grid, single-exposure imaging technique using a divergent source, exploring the experimental factors that restrict set-up size, imaging sensitivity and sample size. Experimental images are presented using the single-grid phase contrast technique with a steel attenuation grid and a liquid-metal-jet x-ray source, enabling exposure times as short as 0.5 s for dynamic imaging. Differential phase contrast images were retrieved from phantoms, incorporating noise filtering to improve the low-count images encountered when imaging dynamics using short exposures.
|
['Laboratories', 'Molecular Imaging', 'Phantoms, Imaging', 'Signal-To-Noise Ratio', 'Synchrotrons', 'X-Rays']
| 27,893,458
|
[['J03.520', 'N02.278.487'], ['E01.370.350.557', 'E05.601.555'], ['E07.671'], ['E05.318.370.800.875', 'E05.318.740.872.875', 'G17.800.500', 'N05.715.360.325.700.840', 'N05.715.360.750.725.750', 'N06.850.520.445.800.875', 'N06.850.520.830.872.750'], ['E07.710.680.700'], ['G01.358.500.505.970', 'G01.750.250.970', 'G01.750.750.918']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Single stage treatment of diabetic calcaneal osteomyelitis with an absorbable gentamicin-loaded calcium sulphate/hydroxyapatite biocomposite: The Silo technique.
|
BACKGROUND: Chronic osteomyelitis necessities appropriate infected bone and soft tissue excision. The authors describe the Silo surgical technique for the treatment of calcaneal osteomyelitis using a new antibiotic-loaded absorbable calcium sulphate/hydroxyapatite biocomposite.METHODS: The Silo method involves debridement of the dead bone and local delivery of antibiotic in drilled tunnels using the biocomposite. It is combined with multiple sampling and culture-specific systemic antibiotic treatment guided by a multidisciplinary team. Twelve consecutive diabetic patients with heel ulcers and calcaneal osteomyelitis were treated with the above method. All had comorbidities (Cierny-Mader (C-M) Class B hosts). The mean age was 68 years (range 50-85). A retrospective review of radiographs and electronic medical records was conducted.RESULTS: Patients were followed up until clinical cure of the ulcer for a mean of 16 weeks (range 12-18). Infection was eradicated in all 12 patients with a single stage procedure following a bone preserving technique. One patient required a subsequent flap operation and six vacuum-assisted closure (V.A.C.). There was also one case of prolonged wound leakage and no calcaneal fractures.CONCLUSIONS: The Silo technique is an effective method of local delivery of antibiotics and can be effectively implemented into the single-stage treatment of calcaneal osteomyelitis offering increased bone preservation and local delivery of antibiotic, decreasing the need for a major amputation.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV- case series.
|
['Absorbable Implants', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Calcaneus', 'Calcium Sulfate', 'Chronic Disease', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Databases, Factual', 'Debridement', 'Diabetic Foot', 'Drug Delivery Systems', 'Durapatite', 'Female', 'Gentamicins', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteomyelitis', 'Radiography', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Surgical Flaps', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Wound Healing']
| 29,278,835
|
[['E07.695.025'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A02.835.232.043.300.710.300'], ['D01.146.375', 'D01.578.215', 'D01.875.800.800.850.125'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E02.186'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['E04.176'], ['C14.907.320.191', 'C17.800.893.592.450.200', 'C19.246.099.500.191', 'C19.246.099.937.250'], ['E02.319.300'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374.075.025.300.150', 'D01.146.360.050.300.200', 'D01.578.122.477.300', 'D01.695.625.675.650.075.025.300.150'], ['D09.408.051.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.160.495', 'C05.116.165.495'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Exposure assessment of phthalates in French pregnant women: results of the ELFE pilot study.
|
The ubiquitous use of phthalate esters in plastics, building material, medical devices, personal care products and food packaging materials results in a widespread exposure of general population. This study reports measurement of urinary concentration of phthalate metabolites in France and provides a first assessment of the exposure of French pregnant women to this chemical class. For the majority of the phthalate metabolites, concentrations measured in urine were similar to those reported in previous studies except for two phthalates that were characterized by high concentrations of metabolites if compared to previous European and American studies: DiNP (Di-iso-nonylphthalate) and DEHP (Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate). In a second part of the study, a pharmacokinetic model was used in order to gain understanding on exposure to DEHP. A high concentration of the primary metabolite of DEHP, MEHP (Mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate), was thus identified probably because of a very recent exposure to perfusion materials at the hospital. Pharmacokinetics modelling highlighted that gathering data on the time gap between exposure and biomonitoring is an essential information requirement for reconstructing the dose of non persistent pollutants. Information about exposure pathway is also crucial for conducting effective reverse dosimetry.
|
['Environmental Monitoring', 'Environmental Pollutants', 'Female', 'France', 'Humans', 'Models, Biological', 'Phthalic Acids', 'Pilot Projects', 'Pregnancy']
| 23,394,847
|
[['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['D27.888.284'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D02.241.223.805'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['G08.686.784.769']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Angiocentric Centrofacial Lymphoma as a Challenging Diagnosis in an Elderly Man.
|
BACKGROUND Angiocentric centrofacial lymphomas, now known as nasal-type extranodal natural killer T-cell lymphomas, are neoplasms of highly destructive characteristics that mainly affect the nasal cavity and palate. The most frequent clinical presentation includes fever, weight loss, nasal obstruction, epistaxis, nasal or facial edema, as well as necrotic ulcers in the nasal cavity, gums, and palate. It has been found to have an important association with the Epstein-Barr virus. Diagnostic pathology could be difficult due to the typical widespread tissue necrosis. CASE REPORT A 72-year-old Caucasian male sought medical attention with a chief complaint of nasal obstruction for the past 3 years, which only responded partially to unspecific treatment. He also presented with intermittent fever and nocturnal hyperhidrosis. Physical examination with rhinoscopy demonstrated a deviated septum, congestive turbines, and fragile and pale mucous membrane with yellowish, thick mucus. The pathology report described an angiocentric centrofacial lymphoma and a positive serology for Epstein-Barr virus. CONCLUSIONS The objective of this case report was to show that this illness represents a diagnostic challenge for the treating physician. It may be concluded that despite the poor prognosis of the disease, this particular case showed slower evolution and the patient remained stable despite multiple consecutive complications.
|
['Aged', 'Epstein-Barr Virus Infections', 'Fever', 'Humans', 'Hyperhidrosis', 'Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell', 'Male', 'Nasal Obstruction', 'Nose Neoplasms']
| 30,926,768
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C01.925.256.466.313', 'C01.925.928.313'], ['C23.888.119.344'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C17.800.946.350'], ['C04.557.386.480.750.199'], ['C08.460.525', 'C08.618.846.185.525', 'C09.603.525'], ['C04.588.149.721.600', 'C04.588.443.665.650', 'C05.116.231.754.600', 'C08.460.669', 'C08.785.600', 'C09.603.669', 'C09.647.685']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Triaging patients to the ICU: a pilot study of factors influencing admission decisions and patient outcomes.
|
OBJECTIVE: To assess the appropriateness of ICU triage decisions. DESIGN. Prospective descriptive single-center study.SETTING: Ten-bed, medical-surgical ICU in an acute-care 460-bed, tertiary care hospital.PATIENTS: All patients triaged for admission were entered prospectively.INTERVENTIONS: None.MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Age, underlying diseases, admission diagnoses, Mortality Probability Model (MPM0) score, information available to ICU physicians, and mortality were recorded. Of the 334 patients (96% medical), 145 (46.4%) were refused. Reasons for refusal were being too-sick-to-benefit (48, 14%) and too-well-to-benefit (93, 28%). Factors independently associated with refusal were patient location, ICU physician seniority, bed availability, patient age, underlying diseases, and disability. Hospital mortality was 23% and 27% for patients admitted to our ICU and other ICUs, respectively, and 7.5% and 60% for patients too well and too sick to benefit, respectively. In the multivariate Cox model, McCabe = 1 [hazard ratio (HR), 0.44 (95% CI, 0.24-0.77), P=0.001], living at home without help (HR, 0.440, 95% CI, 0.28-0.68, P=0.0003), and immunosuppression (HR, 1.91, 95% CI, 1.09-3.33, P=0.02) were independent predictors of hospital death. Neither later ICU admission nor refusal was associated with cohort survival. MPM0 was not associated with hospital mortality.CONCLUSIONS: Refusal of ICU admission was related to the ability of the triaging physician to examine the patient, ICU physician seniority, patient age, underlying diseases, self-sufficiency, and number of beds available. Specific training of junior physicians in triaging might bring further improvements. Scores that are more accurate than the MPM0 are needed.
|
['Decision Making', 'Female', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Humans', 'Intensive Care Units', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Admission', 'Pilot Projects', 'Probability', 'Triage']
| 12,677,368
|
[['F02.463.785.373'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.400', 'N01.224.935.698.400', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.400', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.388.493'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.400.600', 'N02.421.585.400.600'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['N02.421.297.900']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Sleep duration and excess heart age among US adults.
|
OBJECTIVES: Insufficient sleep negatively impacts the cardiovascular system. No study has examined the association between sleep duration and heart age (person's predicted vascular age based on cardiovascular disease [CVD] risk profile). This study examines association between sleep duration and excess heart age (EHA; difference between heart age and chronological age) among US adults.DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: Cross-sectional 2007-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data for respondents aged 30-74 years without CVD or stroke (n = 12,775).MEASUREMENTS: Self-reported sleep duration was classified into 5 categories (?5, 6, 7, 8, and ?9 hours). We used sex-specific Framingham heart age algorithm to calculate heart age and multivariable linear regression to examine association between sleep duration and EHA.RESULTS: A total of 13.4% (95% confidence interval 12.5-14.3), 24.2% (23.1-25.2), 31.0% (29.8-32.3), 25.9% (25.0-26.9), and 5.5% (5.0-6.1) reported sleeping ?5, 6, 7, 8, and ?9 hours, respectively. We observed a nonlinear relationship between sleep duration and EHA using 7 hours as reference: EHA (adjusted for sociodemographics, body mass index, physical activity, Healthy Eating Index-2010, sleep disorder, and depression status) was 5.1 (4.8-5.8), 4.5 (3.9-5.1), 3.7 (3.3-4.0), 4.5 (4.1-5.0), and 4.1 (3.3-4.9) years for sleep durations of ?5, 6, 7, 8 and ?9 hours, respectively (P = .015 for quadratic trend). EHA was significantly higher among participants with lower education, lower income, and obesity.CONCLUSION: Mean adjusted EHA was lowest among adults who reported sleeping 7 hours per night and increased as adults reported sleeping fewer or more hours. Discussing sleep duration in the context of EHA may be helpful for patients and clinicians.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Risk Factors', 'Sleep', 'Sleep Deprivation', 'Time Factors', 'United States']
| 30,241,660
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F02.830.855', 'G11.561.803'], ['C10.886.425.175', 'C23.888.592.796.772', 'F02.830.855.671', 'F03.870.400.099'], ['G01.910.857'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A finite element model of cell-matrix interactions to study the differential effect of scaffold composition on chondrogenic response to mechanical stimulation.
|
Mechanically induced cell deformations have been shown to influence chondrocyte response in 3D culture. However, the relationship between the mechanical stimulation and cell response is not yet fully understood. In this study a finite element model was developed to investigate cell-matrix interactions under unconfined compression conditions, using a tissue engineered encapsulating hydrogel seeded with chondrocytes. Model predictions of stress and strain distributions within the cell and on the cell boundary were shown to exhibit space-dependent responses that varied with scaffold mechanical properties, the presence of a pericellular matrix (PCM), and the cell size. The simulations predicted that when the cells were initially encapsulated into the hydrogel scaffolds, the cell size hardly affected the magnitude of the stresses and strains that were reaching the encapsulated cells. However, with the inclusion of a PCM layer, larger cells experienced enhanced stresses and strains resulting from the mechanical stimulation. It was also noted that the PCM had a stress shielding effect on the cells in that the peak stresses experienced within the cells during loading were significantly reduced. On the other hand, the PCM caused the stresses at the cell-matrix interface to increase. Based on the model predictions, the PCM modified the spatial stress distribution within and around the encapsulated cells by redirecting the maximum stresses from the periphery of the cells to the cell nucleus. In a tissue engineered cartilage exposed to mechanical loading, the formation of a neo-PCM by encapsulated chondrocytes appears to protect them from initially excessive mechanical loading. Predictive models can thus shed important insight into how chondrocytes remodel their local environment in order to redistribute mechanical signals in tissue engineered constructs.
|
['Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Cell Size', 'Chondrocytes', 'Chondrogenesis', 'Extracellular Matrix', 'Finite Element Analysis', 'Humans', 'Hydrogels', 'Mechanical Phenomena', 'Mechanotransduction, Cellular', 'Polyethylene Glycols', 'Tissue Engineering', 'Tissue Scaffolds']
| 21,428,684
|
[['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['G04.325'], ['A11.329.171'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.180', 'G11.427.578.180'], ['A11.284.295.310'], ['E05.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D20.280.320.375', 'D26.255.165.320.375'], ['G01.374'], ['G01.154.090.500', 'G02.111.820.580', 'G04.835.580'], ['D02.033.455.250.700', 'D05.750.741', 'D25.720.741', 'J01.637.051.720.741'], ['E05.481.500.311.500', 'J01.293.069.249.500'], ['E07.206.627', 'E07.695.825']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of the anticancer activity of 2-amino-aryl-7-aryl-benzoxazole compounds.
|
A series of 2-amino-aryl-7-aryl-benzoxazole derivatives have been designed, synthesized, and evaluated as anticancer agents. Fourteen of the compounds exhibited cytotoxic effects toward human A549 lung cancer cells. We found 12l was the most potent with an EC50 of 0.4 ìm, equivalent to the anticancer drug doxorubicin, but had low selectivity following cross screening in monkey kidney Vero cells. Eight of the most potent or most selective compounds were further profiled in additional cell lines (MCF7, NCI-H187, and KB) to better understand their cytotoxic activity. Only compound 12l had a measurable EC50 in a single cell line (3.3 ìm in the KB cell line). Taken together, this data suggest the series as a whole display specific cytotoxicity toward A549 cells. Cheminformatics searches pointed to JAK2 as a possible target. A subset of compounds assayed at this target showed IC50 s ranging from 10 to 0.08 ìm; however, no clear correlation between JAK2 potency and A549 cytotoxicity was observed.
|
['Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Benzoxazoles', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Chlorocebus aethiops', 'Drug Design', 'Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor', 'Humans', 'Janus Kinase 2', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Molecular Docking Simulation', 'Neoplasms', 'Protein Kinase Inhibitors', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Vero Cells']
| 28,544,428
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['D03.633.100.221'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.126.110'], ['E05.290.500', 'H01.158.703.007.338.500', 'H01.181.466.338.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.388', 'E05.200.500.388', 'E05.242.417', 'E05.337.550.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.124.200', 'D12.776.476.393.200', 'D12.776.624.664.700.117'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['E05.599.595.249', 'L01.224.160.249'], ['C04'], ['D27.505.519.389.755'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['A11.251.210.955', 'A11.436.955']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Distress and self-soothing bedtime behaviors in hospitalized children with non-rooming-in parents.
|
The nature of behaviors during sleep onset latency (SOL) at night bedtime was studied in a group of 40 hospitalized children ages 3 to 8 years whose parents did not room-in. Research questions were: (a) What is the nature of behaviors during sleep onset latency of young children whose parents do not room-in? and (b) How are these behaviors related to family structure, social status, age, gender, previous hospitalizations, and number of days hospitalized? Child subjects were observed using the Senders, Signals, and Receivers (SSR) computer-compatible system to measure SOL, distress, and self-soothing behaviors for 2-3 consecutive nights. The median falling asleep time was 26 minutes. Variations in SOL and self-soothing behaviors were not significantly related to family structure, social status, gender, age, length of hospitalization, night of hospitalization, or previous hospitalizations. Greater distress behaviors were, however, significantly related to children of two-parent families and those from middle social status.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'African Americans', 'Anxiety, Separation', 'Child', 'Child, Hospitalized', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant Care', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Parents', 'Rooming-in Care', 'Sleep', 'Sleep Deprivation', 'Sleep Stages', 'Socioeconomic Factors']
| 3,068,426
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.686.508.100.100', 'M01.686.754.100'], ['F03.080.300', 'F03.625.047'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.643.259'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.421.088.120'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['N02.421.088.120.240'], ['F02.830.855', 'G11.561.803'], ['C10.886.425.175', 'C23.888.592.796.772', 'F02.830.855.671', 'F03.870.400.099'], ['F02.830.855.796', 'G11.561.803.754'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Unraveling the protein targets of vancomycin in living S. aureus and E. faecalis cells.
|
Vancomycin is a potent glycopeptide antibiotic that has evolved to specifically bind to the D-Ala-D-Ala dipeptide termini of nascent peptidoglycans. Although this mode of action is well established, several studies indicate that vancomycin and analogues exploit noncanonical target sites. In order to address all vancomycin targets in clinically relevant Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis strains we developed a series of small-molecule photoaffinity probes based on vancomycin. Proteomic profiling revealed the specific labeling of two previously unknown vancomycin targets that are likely to contribute to its antibiotic activity. The specific inhibition of the major staphylococcal autolysin Atl confirms previous observations that vancomycin alters S. aureus cell morphology by interaction with the autolytic machinery. Moreover, in E. faecalis the vancomycin photoprobe specifically binds to an ABC transporter protein, which likely impedes the uptake of essential nutrients such as sugars and peptides. The labeling of these two prominent membrane targets in living cells reveals a thus far unexplored mode of vancomycin binding and inhibition that could allow a rational design of variants with improved activity.
|
['ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Binding Sites', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Enterococcus faecalis', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Molecular Structure', 'Photoaffinity Labels', 'Proteomics', 'Staphylococcus aureus', 'Stereoisomerism', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Vancomycin']
| 21,736,328
|
[['D12.776.157.530.100', 'D12.776.395.550.020', 'D12.776.543.550.192', 'D12.776.543.585.100'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B03.353.750.250.250.280', 'B03.510.550.250.250.280'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D27.720.470.410.080.600'], ['H01.158.201.843', 'H01.158.273.180.350.700', 'H01.158.273.343.350.700', 'H01.181.122.738'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100'], ['G02.607.445.682'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['D09.400.420.925', 'D12.644.233.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Diversity in the magnitude of hind limb unloading occurs with similar forms of lameness in dairy cows.
|
The objective of the study was to evaluate the relationship of veterinary clinical assessments of lameness to probability estimates of lameness predicted from vertical kinetic measures. We hypothesized that algorithm-derived probability estimates of lameness would accurately reflect vertical measures in lame limbs even though vertical changes may not inevitably occur in all lameness. Kinetic data were collected from sound (n=179) and unilaterally lame (n=167) dairy cattle with a 1-dimensional, parallel force plate system that registered vertical ground reaction force signatures of all four limbs as cows freely exited the milking parlour. Locomotion was scored for each hind limb using a 1-5 locomotion score system (1=sound, 5=severely lame). Pain response in the interdigital space was quantified with an algometer and pain response in the claw was quantified with a hoof tester fitted with a pressure gage. Lesions were assigned severity scores (1=minimal pathology to 5=severe pathology). Lameness diminished the magnitude of peak ground reaction forces, average ground reaction forces, Fourier transformed ground reaction forces, stance times and vertical impulses in the lame limbs of unilaterally lame cows. The only effect of lameness on the opposite sound limb was increased magnitude of stance times and vertical impulses in unilaterally lame cows. Symmetry measures of the peak ground reaction forces, average ground reaction forces, Fourier transformed ground reaction forces, stance times and vertical impulses between the left and right hind limbs were also affected in unilateral lameness. Paradoxically, limbs with clinically similar lesion and locomotion scores and pain responses were associated with a broad range of load-transfer off the limb. Substantial unloading and changes in the vertical limb variables occurred in some lameness while minimal unloading and changes in vertical limb variables occurred in other lameness. Corresponding probability estimates of lameness accurately reflected changes in the vertical parameters of limbs and generated low probability estimates of lameness when minimal unloading occurred. Failure to transfer load off limbs with pain reactions, locomotion abnormalities and lesions explained much of the limited sensitivity in lameness detection with vertical limb variables.
|
['Algorithms', 'Animals', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Cattle', 'Cattle Diseases', 'Female', 'Hindlimb', 'Lameness, Animal', 'Pain', 'Pain Measurement']
| 21,385,514
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['B01.050'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['C22.196'], ['A13.473'], ['C22.510'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['E01.370.600.550.324']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Gene expression profiles of luteal phase fallopian tube epithelium from BRCA mutation carriers resemble high-grade serous carcinoma.
|
PURPOSE: To identify molecular alterations potentially involved in predisposition to adnexal serous carcinoma (SerCa) in the nonmalignant fallopian tube epithelium (FTE) of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers, given recent evidence implicating the distal FTE as a common source for SerCa.EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We obtained and compared gene expression profiles of laser capture microdissected nonmalignant distal FTE from 12 known BRCA1/2 mutation carriers (FTEb) and 12 control women (FTEn) during the luteal and follicular phase, as well as 13 high-grade tubal and ovarian SerCa.RESULTS: Gene expression profiles of tubal and ovarian SerCa specimens were indistinguishable by unsupervised cluster analysis and significance analysis of microarrays. FTEb samples as a group, and four individual FTEb samples from the luteal phase in particular, clustered closely with SerCa rather than normal control FTE. Differentially expressed genes from these four samples relative to other FTEb samples, as well as differentially expressed genes in all FTEb luteal samples relative to follicular samples, were mapped to the I2D protein-protein interaction database, revealing a complex network affecting signaling pathways previously implicated in tumorigenesis. Two candidates, disabled homolog 2 mitogen-responsive phosphoprotein (DAB2) and Ski-like (SKIL), were further validated by real-time reverse transcription-PCR and tissue arrays. FTEb luteal and SerCa samples expressed higher levels of oncogenic SKIL and decreased levels of tumor suppressor DAB2, relative to FTEb follicular samples.CONCLUSIONS: These findings support a common molecular pathway for adnexal SerCa and implicate factors associated with the luteal phase in predisposition to ovarian cancer in BRCA mutation carriers.
|
['Adult', 'Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Epithelium', 'Fallopian Tube Neoplasms', 'Fallopian Tubes', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Genes, BRCA1', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Mutation', 'Ovarian Neoplasms']
| 18,593,983
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.480.240', 'C04.557.470.590.480.240'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['A10.272'], ['C04.588.945.418.365', 'C13.351.500.056.390.390', 'C13.351.937.418.365'], ['A05.360.319.114.373', 'A13.706.500'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308.370'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.249.100', 'G05.360.340.024.340.415.400.100'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.590'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of acupressure on nausea and vomiting during pregnancy.
|
UNLABELLED: This paper sought to determine the efficacy of acupressure application in pregnant women suffering from nausea, with or without associated vomiting, who were unable to receive conventional medication for these symptoms. Sampling consisted of pregnant women complaining of nausea with or without vomiting. The study was controlled by the Maternity and Child Hospital in Istanbul between March 2004 and March 2005. The treatment group comprised 26 women; 25 in the control arm and 24 women were assigned to the placebo arm. The study occurred over a 9-day period. During this time, the treatment group applied acupressure bands to P(6) acupressure point on days 4-6 of the study with the placebo group receiving acupressure bands to a sham acupressure point, on the upper side of their wrists.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Acupressure would appear to be effective in symptom control, and alleviation and placebo effects in reducing the symptoms of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy.
|
['Acupressure', 'Acupuncture Points', 'Adult', 'Female', 'Hospitals, Maternity', 'Humans', 'Morning Sickness', 'Nausea', 'Pregnancy', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Turkey', 'Wrist']
| 18,243,942
|
[['E02.190.599.750.500', 'E02.779.867.880.500', 'E02.831.535.867.880.500'], ['E02.190.044.555.035'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N02.278.421.556.366'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C13.703.407', 'C23.888.821.937.049'], ['C23.888.821.712'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['Z01.252.245.500.850'], ['A01.378.800.875']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Sodium needs of infants and children with ileostomy.
|
We studied gastrointestinal tract excretion of sodium and water in seven infants with an abdominal ileostomy (group 1) and three children with a Soave ileoendorectal pull-through (group 2). When the daily sodium intake of the patients was 5 to 7 mEq/kg (twice usual maintenance), average daily ileal sodium losses were 2.4 mEq/kg body weight in group 1 and 3.3 mEq/kg in group 2. Ten days after ileostomy closure in group 1, when the infants' daily sodium intake averaged 2 to 3 mEq/kg/day, gastrointestinal tract sodium losses were reduced to 0.3 mEq/kg body weight/day. The mean daily fecal weight and water also decreased after closure. Mean serum aldosterone concentration before closure was 84 ng/ml, and declined to 58 ng/100 ml after closure; and mean plasma renin values fell from 8.8 to 2.9 ng/ml/hr. In the children with an ileoendorectal pull-through, daily sodium intake was restricted to 0.3 to 0.5 mEq/kg/day, an amount that would maintain balance in a child of similar age with normal sodium conservation. Mean serum aldosterone concentration increased to 501 ng/ml (normal 1 to 22.7). Although renal conservation of sodium occurred promptly, gastrointestinal losses of sodium and water continued and the patients' sodium balance became negative. The diet of a patient with an ileostomy should include increased amounts of sodium until bowel continuity is restored.
|
['Aldosterone', 'Body Water', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Feces', 'Food, Fortified', 'Humans', 'Ileostomy', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Intestinal Perforation', 'Male', 'Nutritional Requirements', 'Peritonitis', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Rectum', 'Renin', 'Sodium']
| 6,339,704
|
[['D04.210.500.745.745.654.062', 'D06.472.040.585.353.118'], ['A12.207.200'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['A12.459'], ['G07.203.300.515', 'J02.500.515'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.210.338.508', 'E04.579.338.508'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C06.405.469.557'], ['G07.203.650.620'], ['C01.463.600', 'C06.844.640'], ['C23.550.767'], ['A03.556.124.526.767', 'A03.556.249.249.767'], ['D08.811.277.656.074.500.780', 'D08.811.277.656.300.048.780', 'D08.811.277.656.837.750'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Ambulatory blood pressure variations relative to sitting or standing position in renal transplant patients.
|
OBJECTIVE: High blood pressure is almost constant in renal transplant patients for whom dysautonomia is frequently described. The main objective of this study was to analyse the variations in blood pressure and heart rate recorded by ambulatory measurement during changes in position in renal transplant patients.METHODS: Thirty-nine non-diabetic renal transplant patients with a renal transplant functioning for more than a year, were selected at random. Blood pressure was measured using the validated monitor Diasys Integra with a position sensor to discriminate between standing and sitting/lying.RESULTS: Systolic blood pressure and heart rate were significantly higher when the patient was standing than when sitting/lying (+2.9 mmHg, P<0.05 and +9 beats/min, P<0.001 respectively) and diastolic blood pressure tends to be higher (+1.7 mmHg, NS) when standing. One minute after standing up, the heart rate rises by about 9 beats/min (P<0.001) while systolic and diastolic blood pressures do not vary significantly. Variations in systolic blood pressure and heart rate on changing position are therefore in the same direction as those recorded in elderly normotensive or hypertensive untreated subjects, but with a lower amplitude.CONCLUSIONS: In most of non-diabetic functional renal transplant patients, there is an absence of an orthostatic decline in blood pressure. Thus, it could be considered that there is no real dysautonomia in this specific population.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Pressure', 'Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Female', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Renal', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Posture', 'Shy-Drager Syndrome']
| 15,812,257
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.370.140.100', 'E01.370.520.500.100'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.331', 'C13.351.968.419.331', 'C14.907.489.631'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G11.427.695'], ['C10.177.575.550.750', 'C10.228.140.079.612.700', 'C10.228.662.550.700', 'C14.907.514.741']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Intrahepatic biliary-intestinal bypass in malignant jaundice.
|
There is still dispute as to the best treatment for obstructive jaundice of malignant origin when the bile ducts are blocked high in the porta hepatis. Intrahepatic duct-to-jejunal anastomoses provide a surgical solution which frees the patient from the need to wear external appliances. A series of eight patients having such anastomoses have been studied to determine the adequacy of bilirubin clearance, the durability of relief from jaundice, the length of hospital stay, the operative mortality and survival from the time of surgery. Intrahepatic bypasses were shown to allow bilirubin clearance in the lower range of normal. Freedom from jaundice persisted until death at a median time of 5 months from operation. Cholangitis was not a problem in any patient postoperatively. There was only one operative death. The major disadvantage of the technique arose from the hospital stay, a median of 30 days. It is suggested that all these factors should be considered in studies to compare surgical bypass with endoscopic or percutaneous methods for the relief of malignant jaundice.
|
['Aged', 'Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic', 'Biliary Tract Neoplasms', 'Bilirubin', 'Cholestasis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Jejunum', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Palliative Care', 'Prognosis', 'Time Factors']
| 2,424,418
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['A03.159.183.158', 'A03.620.150'], ['C04.588.274.120', 'C06.130.320', 'C06.301.120'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.249.184', 'D03.633.400.909.249.184', 'D04.345.783.249.184', 'D23.767.193.184'], ['C06.130.120.135'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.556.124.684.500', 'A03.556.249.750'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.666', 'N02.421.585.666'], ['E01.789'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Serum concentrations of prolactin, oestrogen and LH during the perioestrous period in prepubertal gilts induced to ovulate and mature gilts.
|
The temporal relationships of serum prolactin, oestrogen and LH concentrations during the perioestrous period were compared in prepubertal gilts induced to ovulate by PMSG and hCG and in mature gilts. In Exp. 1, 2 sustained prolactin surges, beginning 4 days and 1 day before the preovulatory LH surge, occurred in all mature gilts. A single preovulatory prolactin surge occurred in 3 prepubertal gilts, starting just before the preovulatory LH surge, but 4 prepubertal gilts had neither a prolactin nor an LH surge. A status (prepubertal or mature) versus time interaction (P less than 0.01) was detected for serum prolactin concentrations. A preovulatory oestrogen surge occurred in all gilts but was of lesser magnitude (P less than 0.01) and duration (P less than 0.05) in the prepubertal gilts without prolactin and LH surges compared to mature gilts and of lesser magnitude (P less than 0.01) compared to prepubertal gilts with prolactin and LH surges. The relative timing of the oestrogen surge in prepubertal gilts corresponded with that of mature gilts when adjusted to the LH surge (if present) but was delayed (P less than 0.01) in all prepubertal gilts if standardized to the hCG injection. In Exp. 2, mature gilts were examined to determine whether 2 perioestrous prolactin surges were characteristic of all cycling gilts. Of 9 gilts, 8 exhibited an initial prolactin surge 4-5 days before oestrus and 5/9 gilts exhibited a periovulatory prolactin surge. The presence of 2 perioestrous serum prolactin surges was not a requirement for subsequent pregnancy maintenance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Animals', 'Chorionic Gonadotropin', 'Estrogens', 'Estrus', 'Female', 'Gonadotropins, Equine', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Ovulation Induction', 'Prolactin', 'Sexual Maturation', 'Swine']
| 3,397,954
|
[['B01.050'], ['D06.472.699.322.326', 'D06.472.699.649.367', 'D12.644.548.726.367', 'D12.776.780.400'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.277'], ['G08.686.195.500'], ['D06.472.699.322.451', 'D06.472.699.649.451', 'D12.644.548.726.451', 'D12.776.780.451'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['E02.875.800.984', 'E05.820.800.984'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.773', 'D06.472.699.631.525.525', 'D12.644.548.691.525.525'], ['G07.345.750.750', 'G08.686.841.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Loss of BRCA1 leads to an increased sensitivity to Bisphenol A.
|
Humans are chronically exposed to the plasticizer, Bisphenol A (BPA), that can adversely affect the normal hormonal regulation of cellular functions by mimicking the actions of estrogen. This biological response to BPA may vary according to an individual's genetic characteristics (e.g., BRCA1 mutations or deletion). In this study, both cell culture and mouse models were used to elucidate whether the loss of BRCA1 function could affect BPA-mediated cell proliferation. In studies using BPA levels comparable to human exposures, we found that loss of BRCA1 enhances BPA-induced cell proliferation in both systems. In vitro, we found that loss of BRCA1 enhances BPA-induced ERá signaling. In vivo, we found that BPA administration stimulates mammary gland epithelial tissue/cell proliferation leading to hyperplasia in Brca1 mutant mice compared to wild-type control mice. These results suggest that the biological responses in BRCA1-deficient cells may depend on environmental exposures, specifically BPA.
|
['Animals', 'BRCA1 Protein', 'Benzhydryl Compounds', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Estradiol', 'Estrogen Receptor alpha', 'Female', 'Fulvestrant', 'Humans', 'Mammary Glands, Animal', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Phenols', 'Tamoxifen']
| 20,868,731
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.313.125', 'D12.776.624.776.100', 'D12.776.660.100', 'D12.776.744.100', 'D12.776.930.137'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.115'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['D12.776.826.750.350.174'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248.660', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A10.336.482', 'A13.589'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
From recreation to creative expression: the essential features of an adolescent inpatient psychosocial support programme.
|
INTRODUCTION: Adolescent Inpatient Units are now an established component of leading tertiary children's hospitals in the developed world. While different methods have been used to provide psychosocial support in these settings, there is little recent literature about these programmes. We aimed to identify programme goals and to explore the features that are thought to underpin an effective programme.MATERIAL AND METHODS: A qualitative paradigm was used to identify the essential features of the psychosocial support programme within the adolescent inpatient unit, Royal Children's Hospital, by drawing on the practice wisdom of experts involved in the development of the psychosocial support programme since its inception over a decade ago. In-depth interviews were conducted that were analysed thematically following recording and transcription.RESULTS: Seven out of nine identified professionals were interviewed. These staff identified that while the psychosocial support programme had focussed on different activities since its inception, the goals of the program had been consistent overtime. The essential underpinning features were reported to be support for the programme and communication between multidisciplinary health professionals. When this was effective, the overarching role of the programme was reported to be the promotion of identity formation in adolescents.CONCLUSIONS: This small-scale qualitative investigation reveals that identity formation has consistently been the focus of the psychosocial support programme in our adolescent unit, despite the different ways the programme has been run over time. Findings about the importance of support and communication are essential knowledge for those considering the implementation of similar programmes.
|
['Adolescent', 'Chronic Disease', 'Communication', 'Hospital Units', 'Humans', 'Recreation', 'Social Identification', 'Social Support', 'Victoria']
| 12,625,100
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['N02.278.388'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I03.450.642'], ['F01.145.813.708'], ['I01.880.853.500.600'], ['Z01.639.100.992', 'Z01.678.100.373.992']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
4,4'-Dinitrodiphenyldisulfides of different charge type as probes for the electrostatic environment of sulfhydryl groups.
|
5,5'-Dithiobis-(2-nitro-N-trimethylbenzyl ammonium iodide) (I) and 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitro-N-2'-hydroxyethyl benzamide) (II) were synthesized as positively charged and neutral analogs of Ellman's reagent (5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (III). Their reaction rates with a variety of thiols with different charge showed that sulfhydryl groups with no charge react about 25 times more rapidly with I than with III. A positive charge removed three single bonds from the sulfhydryl group decreases this ratio to about 3.5 to 1 while a negative charge within three single bonds increases it to 120 to 1. The reactivity of II was much higher than that of III but smaller than that of I. Comparison of the rates at 15 and 25 degrees C gave activation enthalpies (10.6-17.4 kcal/mol) that did not depend in a clear-cut way on the charge of the reacting species. Measurements at different salt concentrations showed an enhancement of the differences between I, II, and III at low ionic strength and a leveling effect of added salt.
|
['Binding Sites', 'Calorimetry', 'Disulfides', 'Dithionitrobenzoic Acid', 'Dithiothreitol', 'Kinetics', 'Methods', 'Nitrobenzenes', 'Sulfhydryl Compounds', 'Temperature', 'Thermodynamics', 'Thiocholine', 'Thioglycolates']
| 1,174,562
|
[['G02.111.570.120'], ['E05.196.131'], ['D01.248.497.158.874.390', 'D01.875.350.850.150', 'D02.886.520.150'], ['D02.241.223.100.600.300', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.650.300'], ['D02.033.800.196', 'D02.886.740.224', 'D09.853.196'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.581'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.565', 'D02.640.529'], ['D02.886.489'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['G01.906'], ['D02.092.877.883.333.800', 'D02.675.276.232.800', 'D02.886.489.789'], ['D02.241.081.018.900', 'D02.886.489.828']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Regional nerve blocks. Part 8--Using a nerve stimulator to locate peripheral nerves.
|
This is a relatively specialised technique aimed more at enhancing the skills of doctors regularly performing local anaesthetic blocks. It is a useful device for confirming the location of major nerves and plexuses proximally, but not necessary for most peripheral nerve blocks.
|
['Electric Stimulation', 'Humans', 'Nerve Block', 'Peripheral Nervous System']
| 11,838,395
|
[['E05.723.402'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E03.155.086.711', 'E04.525.210.550'], ['A08.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Shall we upgrade one-dimensional secondary settler models used in WWTP simulators? - An assessment of model structure uncertainty and its propagation.
|
In WWTP models, the accurate assessment of solids inventory in bioreactors equipped with solid-liquid separators, mostly described using one-dimensional (1-D) secondary settling tank (SST) models, is the most fundamental requirement of any calibration procedure. Scientific knowledge on characterising particulate organics in wastewater and on bacteria growth is well-established, whereas 1-D SST models and their impact on biomass concentration predictions are still poorly understood. A rigorous assessment of two 1-DSST models is thus presented: one based on hyperbolic (the widely used Tak?cs-model) and one based on parabolic (the more recently presented Pl?sz-model) partial differential equations. The former model, using numerical approximation to yield realistic behaviour, is currently the most widely used by wastewater treatment process modellers. The latter is a convection-dispersion model that is solved in a numerically sound way. First, the explicit dispersion in the convection-dispersion model and the numerical dispersion for both SST models are calculated. Second, simulation results of effluent suspended solids concentration (XTSS,Eff), sludge recirculation stream (XTSS,RAS) and sludge blanket height (SBH) are used to demonstrate the distinct behaviour of the models. A thorough scenario analysis is carried out using SST feed flow rate, solids concentration, and overflow rate as degrees of freedom, spanning a broad loading spectrum. A comparison between the measurements and the simulation results demonstrates a considerably improved 1-D model realism using the convection-dispersion model in terms of SBH, XTSS,RAS and XTSS,Eff. Third, to assess the propagation of uncertainty derived from settler model structure to the biokinetic model, the impact of the SST model as sub-model in a plant-wide model on the general model performance is evaluated. A long-term simulation of a bulking event is conducted that spans temperature evolution throughout a summer/winter sequence. The model prediction in terms of nitrogen removal, solids inventory in the bioreactors and solids retention time as a function of the solids settling behaviour is investigated. It is found that the settler behaviour, simulated by the hyperbolic model, can introduce significant errors into the approximation of the solids retention time and thus solids inventory of the system. We demonstrate that these impacts can potentially cause deterioration of the predictive power of the biokinetic model, evidenced by an evaluation of the system's nitrogen removal efficiency. The convection-dispersion model exhibits superior behaviour, and the use of this type of model thus is highly recommended, especially bearing in mind future challenges, e.g., the explicit representation of uncertainty in WWTP models.
|
['Bioreactors', 'Computer Simulation', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Uncertainty', 'Waste Disposal, Fluid']
| 21,866,774
|
[['E07.115', 'J01.897.120.115'], ['L01.224.160'], ['E05.599'], ['E05.318.740.600.900', 'F02.463.785.373.820', 'G17.680.875', 'N05.715.360.750.625.850', 'N06.850.520.830.600.900'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Cloning, sequencing, and expression of ruvB and characterization of RuvB proteins from two distantly related thermophilic eubacteria.
|
The ruvB genes of the highly divergent thermophilic eubacteria Thermus thermophilus and Thermotoga maritima were cloned, sequenced, and expressed in Escherichia coli. Both thermostable RuvB proteins were purified to homogeneity. Like E. coli RuvB protein, both purified thermostable RuvB proteins showed strong double-stranded DNA-dependent ATPase activity at their temperature optima (> or = 70 degrees C). In the absence of ATP, T. thermophilus RuvB protein bound to linear double-stranded DNA with a preference for the ends. Addition of ATP or gamma-S-ATP destabilized the T. thermophilus RuvB-DNA complexes. Both thermostable RuvB proteins displayed helicase activity on supercoiled DNA. Expression of thermostable T. thermophilus RuvB protein in the E. coli ruvB recG mutant strain N3395 partially complemented the UV-sensitive phenotype, suggesting that T. thermophilus RuvB protein has a function similar to that of E. coli RuvB in vivo.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphatases', 'Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Base Sequence', 'Binding, Competitive', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA Helicases', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'DNA, Superhelical', 'Escherichia coli', 'Gene Expression', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Genetic Complementation Test', 'Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacteria', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Thermus thermophilus']
| 8,626,340
|
[['D08.811.277.040.025'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['D12.776.097'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.196.080', 'G02.111.084', 'G02.111.570.120.309'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.159', 'D08.811.399.340'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['D13.444.308.283.250', 'G02.111.570.820.486.212.250', 'G05.360.580.156.250'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.297'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['E05.393.281.526'], ['B03.440.425'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['B03.440.400.425.875.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Initial evaluation of the patient with lung cancer: symptoms, signs, laboratory tests, and paraneoplastic syndromes: ACCP evidenced-based clinical practice guidelines (2nd edition).
|
BACKGROUND: This chapter of the guidelines is intended to provide an evidence-based assessment of the initial evaluation of patients recognized as having lung cancer and the recognition of paraneoplastic syndromes.METHODS: The current medical literature that is applicable to this issue was identified by a computerized search and was evaluated using standardized methods. Recommendations were framed using the approach described by the Health and Science Policy Committee of the American College of Chest Physicians.RESULTS: Patients with lung cancer usually present with multiple symptoms, both respiratory related and constitutional. There is usually a time delay between symptom recognition by the patient and the ultimate diagnosis of lung cancer by the physician. Whether this time delay impacts prognosis is unclear, but delivering timely and efficient care is an important component in its own right. Lung cancer may be accompanied by a variety of paraneoplastic syndromes. These syndromes may not necessarily preclude treatment with a curative intent.CONCLUSIONS: The initial evaluation of the patient with known or suspected lung cancer should include an assessment of symptoms, signs, and laboratory test results in a standardized manner as a screen for identifying those patients with paraneoplastic syndromes and a higher likelihood of metastatic disease.
|
['Diagnostic Techniques, Respiratory System', 'Evidence-Based Medicine', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Paraneoplastic Syndromes']
| 17,873,166
|
[['E01.370.386'], ['H02.249.750', 'H02.403.200.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['C04.730']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of non-sinusoidal pitching motion on the propulsion performance of an oscillating foil.
|
Numerical simulations have been used in this paper to study the propulsion device of a wave glider based on an oscillating hydrofoil, in which the profile of the pitching and heaving motion have been prescribed for the sake of simplicity. A grid model for a two-dimensional NACA0012 hydrofoil was built by using the dynamic and moving mesh technology of the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software FLUENT and the corresponding mathematical model has also been established. First, for the sinusoidal pitching, the effects of the pitching amplitude and the reduced frequency were investigated. As the reduced frequency increased, both the mean output power coefficient and the optimal pitching amplitude increased. Then non-sinusoidal pitching was studied, with a gradual change from a sinusoid to a square wave as the value of â was increased from 1. It was found that when the pitching amplitude was small, the trapezoidal pitching profile could indeed improve the mean output power coefficient of the flapping foil. However, when the pitching amplitude was larger than the optimal value, the non-sinusoidal pitching motion negatively contributed to the propulsion performance. Finally, the overall results suggested that a trapezoidal-like pitching profile was effective for the oscillating foil of a wave glider when the pitching amplitude was less than the optimal value.
|
['Humans', 'Hydrodynamics', 'Models, Statistical', 'Oceans and Seas', 'Renewable Energy', 'Rheology', 'Ships', 'Software']
| 31,260,479
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.342'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['G01.311.625', 'G16.500.275.725.500.650', 'Z01.756'], ['N06.230.132.644'], ['E05.830', 'H01.671.808'], ['J01.937.817'], ['L01.224.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Sagittal alignment of the cervical spine in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis treated by posteromedial translation.
|
PURPOSE: To analyze postoperative changes in the cervical sagittal alignment (CSA) of patients with AIS treated by posteromedial translation.METHODS: 49 patients with thoracic AIS underwent posterior arthrodesis with hybrid constructs, combining lumbar pedicle screws and thoracic universal clamps. Posteromedial translation was the main correction technique used. 3D radiological parameters were measured from low-dose biplanar radiographs. CSA was assessed using the C2C6 angle, and the central hip vertical axis (CHVA) was used as a reference axis to evaluate patients' balance.RESULTS: Preoperatively, 58 % of patients had thoracic hypokyphosis, and 79 % had a kyphotic CSA. Significant correlation was found (r = 0.45, P = 0.01) between thoracic hypokyphosis and cervical kyphosis. Increase in T4-T12 thoracic kyphosis (average 14.5° ± 10°) was associated with significant decrease in cervical kyphosis in the early postoperative period. The CSA further improved spontaneously during follow-up by 7.6° (P < 0.0001). Significant positive correlation (r = 0.32, P = 0.03) was found between thoracic and cervical improvements. At latest follow-up, 94 % of the patients were normokyphotic and 67 % had a CSA in the physiological range. Sagittal balance of the thoracolumbar spine was not significantly modified postoperatively. However, the procedure significantly changed the position of C2 in regard to the CHVA (C2-CHVA), which reflects headposition (P = 0.012). At last follow-up, the patients sagittal imbalance was not significantly different from the preoperative imbalance (P = 0.34).CONCLUSIONS: Thoracic hypokyphosis and cervical hypolordosis, observed in AIS, can be improved postoperatively, when the posteromedial translation technique is used for correction. The cervical spine remains adaptable in most patients, but the proportion of patients with physiological cervical lordosis at final follow-up remained low (24.5 %).
|
['Adolescent', 'Bone Screws', 'Cervical Vertebrae', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kyphosis', 'Lordosis', 'Male', 'Postoperative Period', 'Radiography', 'Scoliosis', 'Spinal Fusion', 'Thoracic Vertebrae', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 22,965,380
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E07.695.370.437', 'E07.858.442.660.460.437', 'E07.858.690.725.460.437'], ['A02.835.232.834.151'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.116.900.800.500'], ['C05.116.900.800.750'], ['E04.614.750', 'N02.421.585.753.750'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['C05.116.900.800.875'], ['E04.555.100.700'], ['A02.835.232.834.892'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Complications of mandible fractures related to substance abuse.
|
PURPOSE: To analyze different epidemiologic factors related to patients who abuse legal and illegal substances, and the relationship between substance abuse and postsurgical complications of mandibular fractures.PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study was performed over a 5-year period by the Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, State University of Campinas, S?o Paulo, Brazil. In total, 1,399 patients were analyzed via a data form covering age, gender, socioeconomic activity, etiology, and time lapse between trauma and medical attention. Patients were categorized according to whether they reported no substance abuse, smoking, chronic abuse of alcohol, or abuse of intravenous or nonintravenous drugs. Information on the complications presented and corresponding treatments was also included.RESULTS: Of 1,399 patients, 472 presented with 699 mandibular fractures, and 11.4% of these patients had postsurgical complications. The breakdown of subgroup size in terms of percentage of the total, and the corresponding incidence of postsurgical complications, were: for those reporting no substance abuse (52.5%), 8.5% of total complications; for smokers (35.3%), 14.9% of total complications; for patients who self-reported chronic alcohol abuse (30.9 %), 17.1% of total complications; for the nonintravenous drug user subgroup (6.1%), 14.2% of total complications; and for the intravenous drug user subgroup (1.8%), 37.5% of total complications.CONCLUSIONS: There is evidently a close correlation between substance abuse and postsurgical complications in patients with mandibular fractures, because of both physiologic alterations and patient behavior. Assault-related injuries were the primary cause of trauma in the substance abuse groups, and infections represented the predominant complication.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Fracture Healing', 'Fractures, Malunited', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mandibular Fractures', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prospective Studies', 'Smoking', 'Substance-Related Disorders', 'Surgical Wound Infection', 'Violence']
| 18,848,098
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['G16.762.891.500'], ['C26.404.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.900.300.284.500.400.255', 'C26.404.750.467.441', 'C26.915.300.425.500.400.255'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['F01.145.805'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900'], ['C01.947.692', 'C23.550.767.925'], ['I01.198.240.856', 'I01.880.735.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Negotiating home base: Narratives of psychological well-being among female military members.
|
The current study aimed to understand how active duty service women with low levels of current psychological distress make sense of their military experiences in ways that might contribute to psychological well-being. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with active duty female members in the Canadian Forces and transcripts were analyzed using narrative analysis. A sense of belonging was found to be of utmost salience to the women, with several participants negotiating and constructing places that felt like home to them, and with different degrees of attachment to the military versus civilian world. The findings of this work are discussed within the context of focusing prevention and intervention efforts on increasing belongingness and a sense of home for female service members.
|
['Adult', 'Canada', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Mental Health', 'Military Personnel', 'Narration', 'Negotiating', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Young Adult']
| 29,414,421
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.107.567.176'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.418', 'N01.400.500'], ['M01.526.625'], ['E05.318.308.502', 'F01.145.209.459', 'L01.399.250.660', 'N05.715.360.300.480', 'N06.850.520.308.502'], ['F01.145.209.520', 'F01.829.401.520', 'F02.463.785.373.520', 'L01.143.620', 'N04.452.677.430'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A tumor immunotherapy technique based on modulation of the idiotype anti-idiotype network.
|
In this communication I propose a technique for manipulating the idiotype anti-idiotype network with the aim of enhancing the immune response to tumors. The theoretical basis for this technique follows from Jerne's network theory of the immune system. By tolerizing the host to immunoglobulin bearing idiotypes directed against tumor associated antigens it should be possible to dampen the expected anti-idiotype response to these idiotypes. A reduced anti-idiotype response should result in an increased idiotype response and thus a greater anti-tumor immune response.
|
['B-Lymphocytes', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin Idiotypes', 'Immunotherapy', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Models, Biological', 'Neoplasms', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 3,878,450
|
[['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.541.500.745', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680.745', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680.745', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680.745', 'D23.050.550.750', 'G02.111.570.060.425.580', 'G12.500.450'], ['E02.095.465.425'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['E05.599.395'], ['C04'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The effect of exercise-induced elevation in core temperature on cold-induced vasodilatation response in toes.
|
Cold-induced vasodilatation (CIVD) has been proposed as a potential protective mechanism against cold injuries during exposure of extremities to a cold environment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of exercise and the associated elevation in core temperature on toe skin temperatures during immersion of the foot in cold (8 degrees C) water. Subjects (N = 8) participated in two trials. In one, they conducted an incremental exercise to exhaustion (exercise) on a cycle ergometer, which was followed by immersion of the right foot in 8 degrees C water. In the second trial (control), immersion of the foot in cold water was not preceded by exercise. Upon completion of the exercise in the exercise trial, and at the onset of the immersion of the foot in cold water, tympanic temperature was 0.6 degrees C (P < 0.01) higher than pre-exercise levels. There was a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the number of CIVD waves, but not their amplitudes, in the exercise trial compared to the control trial. A CIVD response occurred in 57.5% of all toes in the exercise trial, and in only 27.5% in the control trial. Additionally, 50% of subjects exhibited CIVD in at least one toe in the control trial, and 87.5% during the exercise trial. It is concluded that exercise, and particularly the associated elevation in core temperature, enhances the frequency of the toe CIVD responses, and can therefore potentially act as a protective mechanism against cold injury.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Adult', 'Body Temperature', 'Body Temperature Regulation', 'Cold Temperature', 'Exercise', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Thermosensing', 'Toes', 'Vasoconstriction', 'Vasodilation']
| 19,319,561
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.875.374', 'G07.110'], ['G07.110.232', 'G07.410.421', 'G16.012.500.535'], ['G01.906.595.272', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.300', 'G16.500.750.775.710.300', 'N06.230.300.100.725.154', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.300'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.830.816.781', 'G07.850', 'G11.561.790.781'], ['A01.378.610.250.300.792'], ['G09.330.380.925'], ['G09.330.380.928']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The life and death of Ismar Boas.
|
Dr. Ismar Boas (1858-1938) was the founder of the medical subspecialty of gastroenterology. In 1886, he opened in Berlin the first specialty clinic for the study of digestive diseases. In 1895, he founded the first journal devoted to gastroenterology. During his long and productive career, Boas was a pioneer in nearly all areas of his field. His most lasting scientific accomplishment is his work on occult bleeding, which first introduced the clinical importance of this abnormal finding for the early diagnosis of gastric carcinoma. Fifty years ago, in 1938, Ismar Boas killed himself as the Nazis occupied Vienna. In this article, we honor the memory of a great physician and retrace the circumstances of his death.
|
['Gastroenterology', 'Germany', 'History, 19th Century', 'History, 20th Century', 'Occult Blood']
| 3,282,002
|
[['H02.403.429.405'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['K01.400.504.937'], ['K01.400.504.968'], ['E01.370.225.925', 'E05.200.925']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Laser photocoagulation combined with subtenon injection of triamcinolone acetonide for diabetic cystoid macular edema.
|
BACKGROUND: To compare the effects of laser photocoagulation combined with subtenon injection of triamcinolone acetonide with photocoagulation alone, for diabetic cystoid macular edema.METHODS: This retrospective comparative study analyzed data for 34 eyes with cystoid macular edema treated with photocoagulation alone (n=17) or combined with triamcinolone (n=17). All patients were followed for 6 months after the procedure. Laser photocoagulation included focal photocoagulation focused on microaneurysms and light grid photocoagulation spread over the edematous retina. Subtenon injection of triamcinolone (20 mg/0.5 cc) was performed in the superior-temporal conjunctiva.RESULTS: In the photocoagulation only group, the pretreatment mean visual acuity (VA) measured by the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (LogMAR) was 1.06+/-0.49. The number of laser spots was 34+/-10. The 6 -month post- treatment mean LogMAR was 1.13+/-0.60. In the photocoagulation combined with triamcinolone group, the pretreatment mean LogMAR was 1.31+/-0.49. The number of laser spots was 42+/-14. The 6 -month post- treatment mean LogMAR was 1.26+/-0.49. In the photocoagulation only group, 7 eyes had stable vision (improved, stable or loss of <2 lines) and 8 eyes had vision loss (loss>or=2 lines). In the photocoagulation combined with triamcinolone group, 15 eyes had stable vision and 2 eyes had vision loss. Fewer eyes had vision loss in the photocoagulation combined with triamcinolone group. (chi-square test, p=0.024).CONCLUSIONS: This study, with a follow-up of 6 months, suggests that subtenon injection of triamcinolone combined with macular photocoagulation provides a better chance of stabilizing vision loss in patients with diabetic cystoid macular edema than photocoagulation alone.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Diabetic Retinopathy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Injections', 'Laser Coagulation', 'Macular Edema', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Triamcinolone Acetonide']
| 19,403,007
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.186'], ['C11.768.257', 'C14.907.320.382', 'C19.246.099.500.382'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530'], ['E02.520.745.410', 'E02.594.530', 'E04.014.520.530', 'E04.350.750.410', 'E04.540.630.410'], ['C11.768.585.439.245'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.915.715', 'D04.210.500.908.891.927']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A new and general method for blind shift-variant deconvolution of biomedical images.
|
We present a new method for blind deconvolution of multiple noisy images blurred by a shift-variant point-spread-function (PSF). We focus on a setting in which several images of the same object are available, and a transformation between these images is known. This setting occurs frequently in biomedical imaging, for example in microscopy or in medical ultrasound imaging. By using the information from multiple observations, we are able to improve the quality of images blurred by a shift-variant filter, without prior knowledge of this filter. Also, in contrast to other work on blind and shift-variant deconvolution, in our approach no parametrization of the PSF is required. We evaluate the proposed method quantitatively on synthetically degraded data as well as qualitatively on 3D ultrasound images of liver. The algorithm yields good restoration results and proves to be robust even in presence of high noise levels in the images.
|
['Algorithms', 'Animals', 'Artificial Intelligence', 'Humans', 'Image Enhancement', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Pattern Recognition, Automated', 'Rats', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 18,051,125
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['B01.050'], ['G17.035.250', 'L01.224.050.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['L01.399.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Laser surgery in dark skin.
|
Although challenging, effective laser surgery in patients with darker skin tones can be achieved despite a higher inherent risk of untoward side effects. While the incidence of undesirable postoperative sequelae has decreased with the development of advanced laser technology and individualized treatment parameters, these risks may never be eliminated completely. Consequently, thorough patient preoperative preparation and education regarding the risks of cutaneous laser therapy will remain an essential component of treatment in darkly pigmented patients. In the future, as more refined laser techniques evolve, the ability to safely and effectively treat these patients will improve.
|
['Humans', 'Laser Therapy', 'Skin Diseases', 'Skin Pigmentation', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 14,673,304
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.594', 'E04.014.520'], ['C17.800'], ['E01.370.600.115.450.500', 'E01.370.600.620.750', 'G07.100.175.500', 'G13.750.837', 'G16.690.890'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Assembly of the aspartate transcarbamoylase holoenzyme from transcriptionally independent catalytic and regulatory cistrons.
|
The cistrons encoding the regulatory and catalytic polypeptides of aspartate transcarbamoylase (EC 2.1.3.2) from Escherichia coli K-12 have been cloned separately on plasmids from different incompatability groups. The catalytic cistron (pyrB) was carried by pACYC184 and expressed from its own promoter, whereas the regulatory cistron was expressed from the lac po of pBH20. The catalytic polypeptide chains assembled into enzymatically active trimers (c3) in vivo when expressed in the absence of regulatory subunits. Similarly, the regulatory polypeptide chains assembled into regulatory dimers (r2) in vivo in the absence of catalytic subunits. When cellular extracts containing regulatory dimers and catalytic trimers synthesized in separate cells were combined in vitro, partial spontaneous holoenzyme assembly occurred. When pyrB and pyrI were expressed from transcriptionally independent cistrons in the same cell, all detectable catalytic polypeptides were incorporated into the functional aspartate transcarbamoylase holoenzyme, 2(c3):3(r2). Thus, it is clear that the in vivo assembly of ATCase holoenzyme is a direct, spontaneous process involving the association of preformed regulatory subunits (r2) and catalytic subunits (c3). This procedure provides a general method for the construction of hybrid aspartate transcarbamoylase in vivo and may be applicable to other oligomeric enzymes constructed from different polypeptides.
|
['Aspartate Carbamoyltransferase', 'Chloromercuribenzoates', 'Escherichia coli', 'Genes', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Macromolecular Substances', 'Molecular Weight', 'Plasmids', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'p-Chloromercuribenzoic Acid']
| 6,365,893
|
[['D08.811.641.500', 'D08.811.913.555.275.200'], ['D02.241.223.100.200.311', 'D02.241.223.100.500.261', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.250.311', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.500.261', 'D02.691.750.740.644.261'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['D05'], ['G02.494'], ['G05.360.600'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['D02.241.223.100.200.311.275', 'D02.241.223.100.500.261.275', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.250.311.275', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.500.261.275', 'D02.691.750.740.644.261.275']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Tendon material properties vary and are interdependent among turkey hindlimb muscles.
|
The material properties of a tendon affect its ability to store and return elastic energy, resist damage, provide mechanical feedback and amplify or attenuate muscle power. While the structural properties of a tendon are known to respond to a variety of stimuli, the extent to which material properties vary among individual muscles remains unclear. We studied the tendons of six different muscles in the hindlimb of Eastern wild turkeys to determine whether there was variation in elastic modulus, ultimate tensile strength and resilience. A hydraulic testing machine was used to measure tendon force during quasi-static lengthening, and a stress-strain curve was constructed. There was substantial variation in tendon material properties among different muscles. Average elastic modulus differed significantly between some tendons, and values for the six different tendons varied nearly twofold, from 829±140 to 1479±106 MPa. Tendons were stretched to failure, and the stress at failure, or ultimate tensile stress, was taken as a lower-limit estimate of tendon strength. Breaking tests for four of the tendons revealed significant variation in ultimate tensile stress, ranging from 66.83±14.34 to 112.37±9.39 MPa. Resilience, or the fraction of energy returned in cyclic length changes was generally high, and one of the four tendons tested was significantly different in resilience from the other tendons (range: 90.65±0.83 to 94.02±0.71%). An analysis of correlation between material properties revealed a positive relationship between ultimate tensile strength and elastic modulus (r(2)=0.79). Specifically, stiffer tendons were stronger, and we suggest that this correlation results from a constrained value of breaking strain, which did not vary significantly among tendons. This finding suggests an interdependence of material properties that may have a structural basis and may explain some adaptive responses observed in studies of tendon plasticity.
|
['Animals', 'Elastic Modulus', 'Elasticity', 'Hindlimb', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscle Strength', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Stress, Mechanical', 'Tendons', 'Tensile Strength', 'Turkeys']
| 22,771,746
|
[['B01.050'], ['G01.374.590.605'], ['G01.374.590'], ['A13.473'], ['G11.427.494'], ['E01.370.600.425', 'G11.427.560'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['G01.374.835'], ['A02.880'], ['G01.374.850'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.800', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Study of Staphylococcus aureus collected at slaughter from dairy cows with chronic mastitis.
|
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important pathogens associated with bovine mastitis. Recent studies have shown that Staph. aureus strains may differ in virulence, and in their ability to disseminate across commercial dairy herds. The goal of this study was to determine whether Staph. aureus isolates differed in their ability to colonize mammary tissue, and whether such differences could be related to molecular characteristics. Quarter milk and mammary tissues of 22 cows from two dairy herds, were collected at slaughter and bacteriological analysis was performed. All Staph. aureus isolates were characterized by Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) and microarray. Overall 45 mammary quarters were infected and 20 Staph. aureus isolates were identified. The bacteria were mostly recovered from both milk and tissue of the same quarter in significantly higher numbers from herd A cows compared with herd B. Molecular characterization of the isolates showed distinct PFGE profiles for isolates from each herd. Differences in virulence factors between herds A and B isolates were evidenced The genes for enterotoxin D, J and R were present in herd A, those for G, I, N, M, O and U were shown in herd B, whilst both components of the leukocidin lukD/E genes were only carried by herd A isolates. Furthermore, all herd A isolates showed â-haemolysin activity, which was absent in all but one isolate from herd B. Therefore our data indicate that Staph. aureus isolates showing differences in their ability to disseminate and colonize across quarters, also have significantly different virulence characteristics.
|
['Animals', 'Bacterial Toxins', 'Cattle', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field', 'Enterotoxins', 'Female', 'Hemolysin Proteins', 'Mammary Glands, Animal', 'Mastitis, Bovine', 'Milk', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase', 'Staphylococcal Infections', 'Staphylococcus aureus']
| 22,369,758
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.946.123'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['E05.196.401.220', 'E05.301.300.220'], ['D23.946.330'], ['D12.776.543.695.444'], ['A10.336.482', 'A13.589'], ['C22.196.581'], ['A12.200.455', 'A12.790', 'G07.203.100.700', 'G07.203.300.350.525', 'J02.200.700', 'J02.500.350.525'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['D08.811.277.352.640.750'], ['C01.150.252.410.868'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis in hypertension: preliminary baseline data from the European Lacidipine Study on Atheroscelerosis (ELSA).
|
In the ELSA trial, the effects of lacidipine-based treatment and beta-blocker (atenolol)-based treatment on the development and progression of carotid wall alterations are assessed in hypertensive patients. The primary endpoint of this study is the rate of change in the intima-media thickness of the carotid artery wall, measured with B-mode ultrasound. About 2300 hypertensive patients have been recruited and randomized to either of the antihypertensive agents. Baseline data for 1965 patients are available, showing a high prevalence of carotid wall lesions: about 82% of the subjects have an intima-media thickness > or = 1.3 mm, defined as plaque in the ELSA protocol; 16% of the subjects have intima-media thickening (> or = 1.0 mm, < 1.3 mm) and only about 1% have normal carotid artery walls. Analysis of demographic data and risk factor prevalence in ELSA patients, and comparison of these preliminary observations with data from other intervention or observational studies indicate that high blood pressure is a very important risk factor for carotid atherosclerosis.
|
['Antihypertensive Agents', 'Arteriosclerosis', 'Carotid Artery Diseases', 'Dihydropyridines', 'Europe', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prevalence']
| 8,973,780
|
[['D27.505.954.411.162'], ['C14.907.137.126'], ['C10.228.140.300.200', 'C14.907.253.123'], ['D03.383.725.203'], ['Z01.542'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Retinitis pigmentosa and discoid lupus erythematosus.
|
A 41 year old male is presented who suffers from both advanced retinitis pigmentosa and active discoid lupus erthematosus. A possible association between the two pigmenting disorders is discussed as well as the treatment of the discoid lupus with potentially retinotoxic hydroxychloroquine.
|
['Adult', 'Electroretinography', 'Fundus Oculi', 'Humans', 'Hydroxychloroquine', 'Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid', 'Male', 'Retinitis Pigmentosa']
| 1,484,501
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.380.225', 'E01.370.405.270'], ['A09.371.729.313'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.810.050.180.350'], ['C17.300.475.479', 'C17.800.480.479'], ['C11.270.684', 'C11.768.585.658.500', 'C16.320.290.684']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Stem cell factor in mast cells and increased mast cell density in idiopathic and ischemic cardiomyopathy.
|
BACKGROUND: We compared cardiac mast cell (HHMC) density and the immunological and nonimmunological release of mediators from mast cells isolated from heart tissue of patients with idiopathic dilated (DCM) (n=24) and ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) (n = 10) undergoing heart transplantation and from control subjects (n = 10) without cardiovascular disease.METHODS AND RESULTS: HHMC density in DCM (18.4+/-1.6 cells/mm2) and ICM (18.4+/-1.5 cells/mm2) was higher than that in control hearts (5.3+/-0.7 cells/mm2; P<.01). The histamine and tryptase contents of DCM and ICM hearts were higher than those of control hearts. The histamine content of the hearts was correlated with mast cell density (r(s)=.91; P<.001). Protein A/gold staining of heart tissue revealed stem cell factor (SCF), the principal growth, differentiating, and activating factor of human mast cells, in HHMC secretory granules. Histamine release from cardiac mast cells caused by immunological (anti-IgE and rhSCF) and nonimmunological stimuli (Ca2+ ionophore A23187) was higher in patients with DCM and ICM compared with control subjects. Immunological activation of HHMC induced a significantly greater release of tryptase and LTC4 in patients with DCM and ICM compared with control subjects.CONCLUSIONS: Histamine and tryptase content and mast cell density are higher in failing hearts than in control hearts. SCF, present in secretory granules of HHMC, might represent an autocrine factor sustaining mast cell hyperplasia in heart tissue in these patients. The increased local release of fibrogenic factors (eg, histamine, tryptase, and leukotriene C4) might contribute to collagen accumulation in the hearts of patients with cardiomyopathy.
|
['Adult', 'Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic', 'Cell Count', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mast Cells', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Reperfusion Injury', 'Stem Cell Factor']
| 9,529,265
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C14.280.238.100', 'C14.280.484.048.750.070.160'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.329.427', 'A15.382.652'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.238.615', 'C14.280.647.625', 'C14.907.585.625', 'C14.907.725.600', 'C23.550.767.877.500'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.800', 'D12.776.467.374.410.800', 'D23.529.374.410.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
On the mechanics underlying the reservoir-excess separation in systemic arteries and their implications for pulse wave analysis.
|
Several works have separated the pressure waveform p in systemic arteries into reservoir p(r) and excess p(exc) components, p = p(r) + p(exc), to improve pulse wave analysis, using windkessel models to calculate the reservoir pressure. However, the mechanics underlying this separation and the physical meaning of p(r) and p(exc) have not yet been established. They are studied here using the time-domain, inviscid and linear one-dimensional (1-D) equations of blood flow in elastic vessels. Solution of these equations in a distributed model of the 55 larger human arteries shows that p(r) calculated using a two-element windkessel model is space-independent and well approximated by the compliance-weighted space-average pressure of the arterial network. When arterial junctions are well-matched for the propagation of forward-travelling waves, p(r) calculated using a three-element windkessel model is space-dependent in systole and early diastole and is made of all the reflected waves originated at the terminal (peripheral) reflection sites, whereas p(exc) is the sum of the rest of the waves, which are obtained by propagating the left ventricular flow ejection without any peripheral reflection. In addition, new definitions of the reservoir and excess pressures from simultaneous pressure and flow measurements at an arbitrary location are proposed here. They provide valuable information for pulse wave analysis and overcome the limitations of the current two- and three-element windkessel models to calculate p(r).
|
['Arteries', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Blood Pressure', 'Humans', 'Models, Cardiovascular', 'Pulsatile Flow']
| 21,165,776
|
[['A07.015.114'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395.161'], ['G01.482.620', 'G09.330.380.630.555']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
In vitro culture and harvest of BMMSCs on the surface of a novel thermosensitive glass microcarrier.
|
Traditional two-dimensional (2D) static culture environment for stem cells followed by enzymatic cell detachment or mechanical treatment is routinely used in research laboratories. However, this method is not ideal as stem cells expand slowly, with cell damage and partial loss of specific stemness. For this reason, a better culture condition is urgently needed to improve stem cell recovery. A novel thermosensitive P(NIPAAm-co-HPM)-g-TMSPM-g-microcarrier was prepared here as a three-dimensional (3D) culture substitute. This novel microcarrier was prepared by grafting NIPAAm and HPM to the surface of glass microcarrier using TMSPM through surface free radical copolymerization. The prepared material was tested in cell culture and via cooling harvest method. We found that NIPAAm was successfully grafted on to the surface of the microcarriers, providing an excellent biocompatible environment for BMMSC adhesion and growth. More importantly, BMMSCs could be fully removed from the thermosensitive glass microcarriers with remained cell viability.
|
['Animals', 'Bone Marrow Cells', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Culture Techniques', 'Cell Survival', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Glass', 'Mesenchymal Stem Cells', 'Polymers', 'Rats', 'Surface Properties', 'Temperature']
| 26,478,317
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.148', 'A15.378.316'], ['G04.022'], ['E01.370.225.500.223', 'E05.200.500.265', 'E05.242.223', 'E05.481.500.249'], ['G04.346'], ['A11.251'], ['J01.637.437'], ['A11.329.830.500', 'A11.872.590.500'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G02.860'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Genome-wide analysis of immune activation in human T and B cells reveals distinct classes of alternatively spliced genes.
|
Alternative splicing of pre-mRNA is a mechanism that increases the protein diversity of a single gene by differential exon inclusion/exclusion during post-transcriptional processing. While alternative splicing is established to occur during lymphocyte activation, little is known about the role it plays during the immune response. Our study is among the first reports of a systematic genome-wide analysis of activated human T and B lymphocytes using whole exon DNA microarrays integrating alternative splicing and differential gene expression. Purified human CD2(+) T or CD19(+) B cells were activated using protocols to model the early events in post-transplant allograft immunity and sampled as a function of time during the process of immune activation. Here we show that 3 distinct classes of alternatively spliced and/or differentially expressed genes change in an ordered manner as a function of immune activation. We mapped our results to function-based canonical pathways and demonstrated that some are populated by only one class of genes, like integrin signaling, while other pathways, such as purine metabolism and T cell receptor signaling, are populated by all three classes of genes. Our studies augment the current view of T and B cell activation in immunity that has been based exclusively upon differential gene expression by providing evidence for a large number of molecular networks populated as a function of time and activation by alternatively spliced genes, many of which are constitutively expressed.
|
['Alternative Splicing', 'Antigens, CD19', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'CD2 Antigens', 'Exons', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Genome-Wide Association Study', 'Humans', 'Immune System', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Models, Biological', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Signal Transduction', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 19,936,255
|
[['G02.111.760.700.100', 'G03.839.700.100', 'G05.308.700.700.100'], ['D23.050.301.264.035.119', 'D23.050.301.264.051.119', 'D23.050.301.500.600.200', 'D23.050.705.552.600.200', 'D23.101.100.110.119', 'D23.101.100.150.119'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['D23.050.301.264.894.090', 'D23.101.100.894.090'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['E05.393.332'], ['E05.318.370.392', 'E05.318.416.249', 'E05.393.385.500', 'E05.393.522.500', 'E05.393.760.640.500', 'N06.850.520.445.392', 'N06.850.520.470.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A15.382'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Measuring Blood Pressure Using a Noninvasive Tail Cuff Method in Mice.
|
The renin angiotensin system (RAS) is well known for its role in regulating blood pressure (BP). An activated RAS contributes to elevated blood pressure and is evident in both human and animal models of hypertension. Drugs that target the classic vasoconstrictive arm of the RAS (angiotensin II/AT1 receptor signaling) are potent anti-hypertensive agents in clinical setting. However, the newly discovered angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)/angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas receptor axis added new vitality to the hypertension field. Advances in genetic manipulation and the relative low cost made the mouse model as one of the most popular animal models to study hypertension. Since a reliable and accurate method for BP assessment is the key for such experiments, here we provide a protocol for BP measurement in mice using a noninvasive BP system. The CODA noninvasive BP system (a tail-cuff Method, Kent Scientific Corporation) enables blood pressure (BP) measurements in mice. This method uses a specialized volume pressure recording (VPR) sensor, and measures blood volume changes that are placed over the animal's tail. Mice do need to be restrained in specific holders and artificially heated to maintain normal BP.
|
['Angiotensin I', 'Animals', 'Blood Pressure', 'Blood Pressure Determination', 'Hypertension', 'Mice', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Renin-Angiotensin System', 'Software', 'Tail']
| 28,500,596
|
[['D06.472.699.094.075', 'D12.644.400.070.075', 'D12.644.456.073.021', 'D12.644.548.058.075', 'D12.776.631.650.070.075', 'D23.469.050.050.025'], ['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.370.140', 'E01.370.600.100'], ['C14.907.489'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.644.541'], ['G03.820', 'G09.330.380.813'], ['L01.224.900'], ['A13.895']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Action potential clamp and mefloquine sensitivity of recombinant 'I KS' channels incorporating the V307L KCNQ1 mutation.
|
The slow delayed rectifier potassium current, 'I(Ks)', contributes to repolarisation of cardiac ventricular action potentials and thereby to the duration of the QT interval of the electrocardiogram. Mutations to I(Ks) channel subunits occur in clinically significant cardiac repolarisation disorders. The short QT syndrome (SQTS) is associated with accelerated ventricular repolarisation and with an increased risk of arrhythmia and sudden death. The SQT2 variant of the SQTS has been linked to a gain-of-function amino-acid substitution (V307L) in the KCNQ1-encoded I(Ks) channel alpha-subunit. This study reports the first action potential (AP) voltage-clamp comparison between wild-type (WT) and V307L KCNQ1 (co-expressed with KCNE1 to recapitulate I(Ks)) and identifies an effective pharmacological inhibitor of recombinant 'I(Ks)' channels incorporating the V307L KCNQ1 mutation. Perforated-patch voltage-clamp recordings at 37 degrees C of whole-cell current carried by co-expressed KCNQ1 and KCNE1 showed a marked (-36 mV) shift in half-maximal activation for V307L compared to WT KCNQ1; a significant slowing of current deactivation was also observed. Under AP clamp, peak repolarising current was significantly augmented for V307L KCNQ1 compared to WT KCNQ1 for both ventricular and atrial AP commands, consistent with an ability of the V307L mutation to increase repolarising I(Ks) in both regions. The quinoline agent mefloquine inhibited WT KCNQ1+KCNE1 with an IC(50) of 3.4 muM compared to 3.3 muM for V307L KCNQ1+KCNE1 (P >0.05). This establishes mefloquine as an effective inhibitor of recombinant 'I(Ks)' channels incorporating this SQT2 KCNQ1 mutation.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Animals', 'CHO Cells', 'Cricetinae', 'Cricetulus', 'Electrocardiography', 'Electrophysiology', 'Inhibitory Concentration 50', 'KCNQ1 Potassium Channel', 'Mefloquine', 'Mutation', 'Patch-Clamp Techniques', 'Potassium Channel Blockers', 'Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated']
| 20,436,212
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210.200', 'A11.436.155'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.250'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['E05.940.350', 'G07.690.936.563'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600.900.124.249.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750.900.124.249.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750.900.124.249.500'], ['D03.633.100.810.410'], ['G05.365.590'], ['E05.200.500.905', 'E05.242.800'], ['D27.505.519.562.500', 'D27.505.954.411.645'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600.900', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750.900', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of deletion of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutamate dehydrogenase genes on glycerol and ethanol metabolism in recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
|
Bioethanol is currently used as an alternative fuel for gasoline worldwide. For economic production of bioethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, formation of a main by-product, glycerol, should be prevented or minimized in order to reduce a separation cost of ethanol from fermentation broth. In this study, S. cerevisiae was engineered to investigate the effects of the sole and double disruption of NADH-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 (GPD1) and NADPH-requiring glutamate dehydrogenase 1 (GDH1) on the production of glycerol and ethanol from glucose. Even though sole deletion of GPD1 or GDH1 reduced glycerol production, double deletion of GPD1 and GDH1 resulted in the lowest glycerol concentration of 2.31 g/L, which was 46.4% lower than the wild-type strain. Interestingly, the recombinant S. cerevisiae ?GPD1?GDH1 strain showed a slight improvement in ethanol yield (0.414 g/g) compared with the wild-type strain (0.406 g/g). Genetic engineering of the glycerol and glutamate metabolic pathways modified NAD(P)H-requiring metabolic pathways and exerted a positive effect on glycerol reduction without affecting ethanol production.
|
['Ethanol', 'Gene Deletion', 'Genetic Enhancement', 'Glutamate Dehydrogenase', 'Glycerol', 'Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase', 'Recombination, Genetic', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae']
| 21,909,679
|
[['D02.033.375'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['E05.104.500', 'E05.393.420.451', 'J01.897.120.050.250.500'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.398'], ['D02.033.800.875.500', 'D09.853.875.500'], ['D08.811.682.047.150.700.400'], ['G05.728'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Short-term stress-relaxation behavior of nonmetallic restoratives.
|
The rheological behavior of five nonmetallic dental materials was studied. Short-term stress relaxation was found to be strongly dependent on time and temperature. Relaxation behavior of the test materials conformed well to simple mathematical models.
|
['Dental Cements', 'Dental Restoration, Permanent', 'Elasticity', 'Polycarboxylate Cement', 'Resins, Synthetic', 'Silicate Cement', 'Stress, Mechanical', 'Temperature', 'Time Factors', 'Zinc Phosphate Cement']
| 1,059,653
|
[['D25.339.291', 'J01.637.051.339.291'], ['E06.323.428', 'E06.780.346.737', 'E07.695.190.190'], ['G01.374.590'], ['D25.339.291.700', 'J01.637.051.339.291.700'], ['D05.750.716.822', 'D25.339.816', 'D25.720.716.822', 'J01.637.051.339.816', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822'], ['D25.339.291.800', 'J01.637.051.339.291.800'], ['G01.374.835'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D25.339.291.950', 'J01.637.051.339.291.950']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The effect of naloxone on audiogenic seizures.
|
The severity of audiogenic seizures was increased in two strains of mice 5--10 min after naloxone (2 or 4 mg/kg IP). This may indicate involvement of an endorphin or enkephalin in the modulation of reactivity.
|
['Acoustic Stimulation', 'Animals', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Inbred DBA', 'Naloxone', 'Seizures', 'Species Specificity', 'Stimulation, Chemical']
| 119,265
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Management of late cases of esophageal disruption with intravenous hyperalimentation.
|
Among fourteen patients with disruption of the thoracic esophagus, the overall mortality rate was 36%. The mortality was greatly reduced in a group of five of these patients who were treated by closed-chest tube drainage and intravenous hyperalimentation. The cause of death in most cases was sepsis and malnutrition. Although the ideal treatment in early cases of eosphageal disruption is thoracotomy and direct suture, it is believed that in patients presenting late, in old and debilitated patients, and in cases of a leaking thoracic anastomosis, the mortality will be greatly improved by the use, primarily, of conservative measures,, with the addition of intravenous hyperlimentation.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Drainage', 'Esophageal Diseases', 'Esophageal Perforation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Ontario', 'Parenteral Nutrition', 'Rupture, Spontaneous']
| 804,343
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.309', 'E04.237'], ['C06.405.117'], ['C06.405.117.468', 'C26.348'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.567.176.639'], ['E02.421.505', 'E02.642.500.505'], ['C23.300.909']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A rat model for determining the postprandial response to foods.
|
BACKGROUND: The use of small animal models for studying postprandial changes in circulating nutrients, hormones and metabolic biomarkers is hampered by the limited quantity of blood that can be withdrawn for analysis. Here, we describe the development of an unrestrained, meal-fed rat model, having a permanent or temporary vascular cannula that permits repeated blood sampling. The applicability and performance of the model were evaluated in a series of experiments on acute glycaemic and insulinaemic responses to carbohydrate-based test meals.RESULTS: A test food containing 0.4 g carbohydrate raised blood glucose by 1.5 mmol L-1 . Postprandial blood glucose levels peaked at 15 min and returned to baseline at 180 min, whereas they remained elevated for longer when the test meal contained 1.25 g carbohydrate. The glycaemic response tended (P = 0.063) to be higher when the meal tolerance test was conducted at the start rather than the end of the dark period, but the insulinaemic response was unaffected. The magnitude of the glycaemic response was less for blood collected from the caudal vein compared to that from the jugular vein. Both cannulation strategies were equally effective in enabling return of red blood cells, thus preserving blood volume.CONCLUSION: This improved small animal model affords new opportunities to screen foods for nutrient bioavailability and explore metabolic mechanisms mediating responses to food consumption. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Glucose', 'Catheters, Indwelling', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Dietary Carbohydrates', 'Insulin', 'Male', 'Models, Animal', 'Postprandial Period', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Veins']
| 27,404,497
|
[['B01.050'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['E07.132.500'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['D09.301', 'G07.203.300.362', 'J02.500.362'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['E05.598'], ['G10.261.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['A07.015.908']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Experimental determination of the dose kernel in high-energy x-ray beams.
|
A semiempirical method to characterize the pencil-beam dose kernel is presented. Results from measurements are described by mathematical models of the applicable physical processes. The measurements were made with 6 and 25 MV x-ray beams from a linear accelerator. Broad-beam notations were used consistently, and the pencil-beam quantities were obtained by differentiation. The results were compared to pencil-beam kernels calculated by Monte Carlo techniques. The analysis of the measured data included a number of approximations. It was assumed that all the constituent pencil beams in the field are parallel, i.e., the divergence is ignored. Furthermore, the lateral variations of the incident photon fluence and the energy spectrum were disregarded. Monte Carlo calculations, on the other hand, are based on an average energy spectrum over the field, and are free from divergence and variations in the incident photon fluence. Measured and Monte Carlo calculated pencil beams nevertheless agreed well, and the approximations mentioned caused at maximum 2.7% discrepancies for the largest field size at 6 MV.
|
['Algorithms', 'Biophysical Phenomena', 'Biophysics', 'Electrons', 'Humans', 'Mathematics', 'Models, Biological', 'Monte Carlo Method', 'Neoplasms', 'Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted', 'Radiotherapy, High-Energy', 'Scattering, Radiation']
| 9,157,261
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G01.154'], ['H01.158.344', 'H01.671.100'], ['G01.249.335', 'G01.358.500.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H01.548'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E05.318.740.525', 'L01.906.394.422', 'N05.715.360.750.540', 'N06.850.520.830.525'], ['C04'], ['E02.950.825', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.608'], ['E02.815.722'], ['E05.196.822', 'G01.867']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Alternatives to retroorbital blood collection in hispid cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus).
|
Cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus) are a valuable animal model for many human viral diseases, including polio virus, measles virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and herpes simplex virus. Although cotton rats have been used in research since 1939, few publications address handling and sampling techniques for this species, and the retroorbital sinus remains the recommended blood sampling site. Here we assessed blood sampling methods that are currently used in other species and a novel subzygomatic sampling site for their use in S. hispidus. The subzygomatic approach accesses a venous sinus that possibly is unique to this species and that lies just below the zygomatic arch of the maxilla and deep to the masseter muscle. We report that both the novel subzygomatic approach and the sublingual vein method can be used effectively in cotton rats.
|
['Anesthesia', 'Animals', 'Animals, Laboratory', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Blood Specimen Collection', 'Female', 'Sigmodontinae']
| 22,776,125
|
[['E03.155'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.199'], ['F01.145.113'], ['E01.370.225.998.110', 'E04.665.150', 'E05.200.998.110'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.500']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Relations among musical skills, phonological processing, and early reading ability in preschool children.
|
We examined the relations among phonological awareness, music perception skills, and early reading skills in a population of 100 4- and 5-year-old children. Music skills were found to correlate significantly with both phonological awareness and reading development. Regression analyses indicated that music perception skills contributed unique variance in predicting reading ability, even when variance due to phonological awareness and other cognitive abilities (math, digit span, and vocabulary) had been accounted for. Thus, music perception appears to tap auditory mechanisms related to reading that only partially overlap with those related to phonological awareness, suggesting that both linguistic and nonlinguistic general auditory mechanisms are involved in reading.
|
['Auditory Perception', 'Awareness', 'Child Development', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Language Development', 'Male', 'Music', 'Phonetics', 'Reading', 'Task Performance and Analysis']
| 12,408,958
|
[['F02.463.593.071', 'G07.888.125'], ['F02.463.188.150'], ['F01.525.200', 'G07.345.374.750'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.525.200.310'], ['K01.602'], ['L01.559.598.518'], ['L01.559.423.557'], ['F02.784.412.846', 'F02.784.692.746', 'F02.808.600']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Klotho Deficiency Induces Arteriolar Hyalinosis in a Trade-Off with Vascular Calcification.
|
Hyalinosis is a vascular lesion affecting the renal vasculature and contributing to aging-related renal function decline. We assessed whether arteriolar hyalinosis is caused by Klotho deficiency, a state known to induce both renal and vascular phenotypes associated with aging. Histochemistry was used to assess hyalinosis in Klotho-/- kidneys, compared with Klotho+/- and wild-type littermates. Immunohistochemistry was used to investigate vascular lesion composition and the different layers of the vascular wall. Finally, spironolactone was used to inhibit calcification in kl/kl mice, and vascular lesions were characterized in the kidney. Arteriolar hyalinosis was detected in Klotho-/- mice, which was present up to the afferent arterioles. Hyalinosis was accompanied by loss of á-smooth muscle actin expression, whereas the endothelial lining was mostly intact. Hyalinous lesions were positive for IgM and iC3b/c/d, indicating subendothelial leakage of plasma proteins. The presence of extracellular matrix proteins suggested increased production by smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Finally, in Klotho-/- mice with marked vascular calcification, treatment with spironolactone allowed for replacement of calcification by hyalinosis. Klotho deficiency potentiates both endothelial hyperpermeability and SMC dedifferentiation. In the absence of a calcification-inducing stimulus, SMCs assume a synthetic phenotype in response to subendothelial leakage of plasma proteins. In the kidney, this results in arteriolar hyalinosis, which contributes to the decline in renal function. Klotho may play a role in preventing aging-related arteriolar hyalinosis.
|
['Animals', 'Arteriolosclerosis', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Glucuronidase', 'Kidney', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular', 'Vascular Calcification']
| 31,539,519
|
[['B01.050'], ['C14.907.137.126.056'], ['A11.251'], ['D08.811.277.450.426'], ['A05.810.453'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['A02.633.570.491', 'A07.015.733.500', 'A10.690.467.491'], ['C18.452.174.130.780']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Tailored liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis improves the coverage of the intracellular metabolome of HepaRG cells.
|
Metabolomics protocols are often combined with Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) using mostly reversed phase chromatography coupled to accurate mass spectrometry, e.g. quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) mass spectrometers to measure as many metabolites as possible. In this study, we optimised the LC-MS separation of cell extracts after fractionation in polar and non-polar fractions. Both phases were analysed separately in a tailored approach in four different runs (two for the non-polar and two for the polar-fraction), each of them specifically adapted to improve the separation of the metabolites present in the extract. This approach improves the coverage of a broad range of the metabolome of the HepaRG cells and the separation of intra-class metabolites. The non-polar fraction was analysed using a C18-column with end-capping, mobile phase compositions were specifically adapted for each ionisation mode using different co-solvents and buffers. The polar extracts were analysed with a mixed mode Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography (HILIC) system. Acidic metabolites from glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, together with phosphorylated compounds, were best detected with a method using ion pairing (IP) with tributylamine and separation on a phenyl-hexyl column. Accurate mass detection was performed with the QTOF in MS-mode only using an extended dynamic range to improve the quality of the dataset. Parameters with the greatest impact on the detection were the balance between mass accuracy and linear range, the fragmentor voltage, the capillary voltage, the nozzle voltage, and the nebuliser pressure. By using a tailored approach for the intracellular HepaRG metabolome, consisting of three different LC techniques, over 2200 metabolites can be measured with a high precision and acceptable linear range. The developed method is suited for qualitative untargeted LC-MS metabolomics studies.
|
['Cell Line, Tumor', 'Chromatography, Liquid', 'Chromatography, Reverse-Phase', 'Humans', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Metabolome', 'Metabolomics']
| 28,153,450
|
[['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['E05.196.181.400'], ['E05.196.181.400.495'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.196.566'], ['G03.500'], ['H01.158.201.586', 'H01.158.273.180.599', 'H01.181.122.638']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Neuronal calcium sensor-1 deletion in the mouse decreases motivation and dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens.
|
Calcium sensors detect intracellular calcium changes and interact with downstream targets to regulate many functions. Neuronal Calcium Sensor-1 (NCS-1) or Frequenin is widely expressed in the nervous system, and involved in neurotransmission, synaptic plasticity and learning. NCS-1 interacts with and regulates dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) internalization and is implicated in disorders like schizophrenia and substance abuse. However, the role of NCS-1 in behaviors dependent on dopamine signaling in the striatum, where D2R is most highly expressed, is unknown. We show that Ncs-1 deletion in the mouse decreases willingness to work for food. Moreover, Ncs-1 knockout mice have significantly lower activity-dependent dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens core in acute slice recordings. In contrast, food preference, responding for conditioned reinforcement, ability to represent changes in reward value, and locomotor response to amphetamine are not impaired. These studies identify novel roles for NCS-1 in regulating activity-dependent striatal dopamine release and aspects of motivated behavior.
|
['Amphetamine', 'Animals', 'Central Nervous System Stimulants', 'Conditioning, Classical', 'Dopamine', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Food Preferences', 'Locomotion', 'Male', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Motivation', 'Motor Activity', 'Neuronal Calcium-Sensor Proteins', 'Neuropeptides', 'Nucleus Accumbens', 'Satiety Response', 'Tissue Culture Techniques']
| 26,738,968
|
[['D02.092.471.683.152.110'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.696.282', 'D27.505.954.427.220'], ['F02.463.425.179.308'], ['D02.092.211.215.406', 'D02.092.311.342', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['F01.145.407.516', 'G07.203.650.353.516'], ['G07.568.500', 'G11.427.410.568'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['D12.644.360.372.500', 'D12.776.157.125.412.500', 'D12.776.476.387.500', 'D12.776.631.645'], ['D12.644.400', 'D12.776.631.650'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487.775.500'], ['F02.830.749.658'], ['E05.481.500.617']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sensitive detection of fluorescence in western blotting by merging images.
|
The western blotting technique is widely used to analyze protein expression levels and protein molecular weight. The chemiluminescence method is mainly used for detection due to its high sensitivity and ease of manipulation, but it is unsuitable for detailed analyses because it cannot be used to detect multiple proteins simultaneously. Recently, more attention has been paid to the fluorescence detection method because it is more quantitative and is suitable for the detection of multiple proteins simultaneously. However, fluorescence detection can be limited by poor image resolution and low detection sensitivity. Here, we describe a method to detect fluorescence in western blots using fluorescence microscopy to obtain high-resolution images. In this method, filters and fluorescent dyes are optimized to enhance detection sensitivity to a level similar to that of the chemiluminescence method.
|
['Animals', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cell Line', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Glutathione Transferase', 'Image Enhancement', 'Luminescent Measurements', 'Mice', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 29,352,284
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['D08.811.913.225.500'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['E05.196.712.516'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Efficacy and safety of Maekmoondong-tang for chronic dry cough: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
|
BACKGROUND: Chronic cough, defined it lasts more than 8 weeks. The symptom is common, but highly troublesome, and it reduces quality of life. Despite much effort to develop a protocol for diagnosis and treatment of chronic cough, it remains problematic to determine its cause. As a result, treatment is often unsuccessful. Thus, there is much interest regarding the use of symptomatic drugs to control chronic cough. Maekmoondong-tang is widely used in East Asian countries to treat chronic dry cough. Several experimental studies have reported that the herbal medicine has immunomodulatory and antitussive effects. Clinical studies involving Maekmoondong-tang have also been carried out; however, these studies have involved treating various diseases as a whole rather than chronic cough itself. Thus, we aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Maekmoondong-tang in chronic dry cough patients with a randomized controlled trial.METHODS/DESIGN: This study is designed as an exploratory, single-center, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized, parallel group clinical trial. Patients with dry cough that has lasted more than 8 weeks will be recruited, after a 1-week run-in period, and randomly allocated to either the Maekmoondong-tang treatment group or the placebo group. The patients will receive Maekmoondong-tang or placebo granules 3 times daily for 4 weeks, with a 2-week follow-up. The primary outcome is a 10-point cough diary that will be recorded on a daily basis. The secondary outcomes comprise a cough visual analog scale, the Leicester Cough Questionnaire (Korean version), the Pattern Identification for Chronic Cough Questionnaire, biomarkers, safety testing, etc. Adverse events will also be reported.DISCUSSION: This trial will assess the efficacy and safety of Maekmoondong-tang in chronic dry cough.TRIAL REGISTRATION: Korean Clinical Trial Registry ( http://cris.nih.go.kr ; registration number: KCT0001646). Date of registration: October 5 2015.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Chronic Disease', 'Clinical Protocols', 'Cough', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Drugs, Chinese Herbal', 'Humans', 'Medicine, Korean Traditional', 'Middle Aged', 'Phytotherapy', 'Plants, Medicinal', 'Young Adult']
| 26,829,923
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E02.183', 'N05.715.360.330.125'], ['C08.618.248', 'C23.888.852.293'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['D20.215.784.500.350', 'D26.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.190.488.585.700', 'I01.076.201.450.654.558.700'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.190.755'], ['B01.650.560'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Use of calorie information at fast food and chain restaurants among US youth aged 9-18 years, 2010.
|
BACKGROUND: To examine whether youth use calorie information when it is available at fast food/chain restaurants and what factors are associated with using this information to make their food selection.METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on a sample of 721 youth (9-18 years) using the 2010 YouthStyles and HealthStyles surveys. The outcome measure was reported use of calorie information at fast food/chain restaurants. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the associations between sociodemographic variables and the use of calorie information at fast food/chain restaurants.RESULTS: Of those who visited fast food/chain restaurants, 42.4% reported using calorie information at least sometimes. Girls were more likely than boys (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.2-2.5) and youth who were obese were more likely than those at a healthy weight (aOR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.04-2.9) to use calorie information, and youth eating at a fast food/chain restaurant twice a week or more versus once a week or less were half as likely to report using calorie information (aOR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.4-0.8).CONCLUSION: Public health education efforts can benefit from research to determine how to increase usage among youth so that their food choices are appropriate for their caloric needs.
|
['Adolescent', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Energy Intake', 'Fast Foods', 'Female', 'Food', 'Food Labeling', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Obesity', 'Restaurants', 'Sex Factors', 'United States']
| 23,697,388
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['G07.203.650.240.340'], ['G07.203.300.477', 'J02.500.477'], ['G07.203.300', 'J02.500'], ['J01.576.423.850.600.400', 'J01.576.761.400.450'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['J01.576.423.500.700', 'J03.813'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Study on a real-time BEAM system for diagnosis assistance based on a system on chips design.
|
As an innovative as well as an interdisciplinary research project, this study performed an analysis of brain signals so as to establish BrainIC as an auxiliary tool for physician diagnosis. Cognition behavior sciences, embedded technology, system on chips (SOC) design and physiological signal processing are integrated in this work. Moreover, a chip is built for real-time electroencephalography (EEG) processing purposes and a Brain Electrical Activity Mapping (BEAM) system, and a knowledge database is constructed to diagnose psychosis and body challenges in learning various behaviors and signals antithesis by a fuzzy inference engine. This work is completed with a medical support system developed for the mentally disabled or the elderly abled.
|
['Algorithms', 'Brain Mapping', 'Brain Waves', 'Computer Systems', 'Electrodes', 'Electroencephalography', 'Equipment Design', 'Fuzzy Logic', 'Humans', 'Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Sleep Stages']
| 23,681,095
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['E01.370.376.300.150', 'E01.370.405.245.287', 'G07.265.087', 'G11.561.127'], ['L01.224.230'], ['E07.305.250'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['E05.320'], ['E05.599.250', 'K01.752.448.250', 'L01.224.050.375.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.800'], ['F02.830.855.796', 'G11.561.803.754']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Quenching of red cell tryptophan fluorescence by mercurial compounds.
|
Intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence in red cell ghost membranes labeled with N-ethylmaleimide (N-EM) is quenched in a dose-dependent manner by the organic mercurial p-chloromercuribenzene sulfonate (p-CMBS). Fluorescence lifetime analysis shows that quenching occurs by a static mechanism. Binding of p-CMBS occurs by a rapid (less than 5 s) biomolecular association (dissociation constant K1 = 1.8 mM) followed by a slower unimolecular transition with forward rate constant k2 = 0.015 s-1 and reverse rate constant k-2 = 0.0054 s-1. Analysis of the temperature dependence of k2 gives delta H = 6.5 kcal/mol and delta S = -21 eu. The mercurial compounds p-chloromercuribenzoic acid, p-aminophenylmercuric acetate, and mercuric chloride quench red cell tryptophan fluorescence by the same mechanism as p-CMBS does; the measured k2 value was the same for each compound, whereas K1 varied. p-CMBS also quenches the tryptophan fluorescence in vesicles reconstituted with purified band 3, the red cell anion exchange protein, in a manner similar to that in ghost membranes. These experiments define a mercurial binding site on band 3 in ghosts treated with N-EM and establish the binding mechanism to this site. The characteristics of this p-CMBS binding site on band 3 differ significantly from those of the p-CMBS binding site involved in red cell water and urea transport inhibition.
|
['Anion Exchange Protein 1, Erythrocyte', 'Biological Transport', 'Body Water', 'Chloromercuribenzoates', 'Depression, Chemical', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Erythrocyte Membrane', 'Ethylmaleimide', 'Fluorescence', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Phenylmercuric Acetate', 'Protein Binding', 'Tryptophan', 'Urea', 'p-Chloromercuribenzoic Acid']
| 3,574,139
|
[['D12.776.157.530.450.162.193.500', 'D12.776.157.530.450.437.249.500', 'D12.776.157.530.937.656.249.500', 'D12.776.543.550.190.276.500', 'D12.776.543.550.779.249.500', 'D12.776.543.585.450.162.193.500', 'D12.776.543.585.450.437.249.500', 'D12.776.543.585.937.776.249.500'], ['G03.143'], ['A12.207.200'], ['D02.241.223.100.200.311', 'D02.241.223.100.500.261', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.250.311', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.500.261', 'D02.691.750.740.644.261'], ['G07.690.773.750'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['A11.118.290.270', 'A11.284.149.356', 'A15.145.229.334.270'], ['D02.241.081.337.502.524.418', 'D02.478.440.418', 'D03.383.129.578.399.418'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665.500', 'G01.590.540.665.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D02.691.750.740.760'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.125.072.050.850', 'D12.125.142.875'], ['D02.065.950'], ['D02.241.223.100.200.311.275', 'D02.241.223.100.500.261.275', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.250.311.275', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.500.261.275', 'D02.691.750.740.644.261.275']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Visit preferences of middle-aged vs older critically ill patients.
|
OBJECTIVE: To differentiate between middle-aged and older adults' visiting preferences in critical care settings.DESIGN: Patients' preferences for visiting, perceptions of illness severity and extent of fatigue associated with visiting and an objective measurement of illness severity while in critical care were surveyed within 3 days after transfer from the critical care unit.SETTING: Interviews occurred on the transitional care units with patients who transferred from either the coronary care or surgical intensive care units in a large Northeast teaching hospital.PATIENTS: Fifty-three middle-aged (35 through 65 years) and 46 older (over 65 years) patients were surveyed (N = 99).RESULTS: Both middle-aged and older patients consistently wanted to limit the number of visitors to two or three persons per visit. Compared with middle-aged patients, a greater proportion of older patients preferred to limit visits to once a day and wanted the visit length to be unlimited. A greater proportion of older coronary care unit patients preferred to limit visits to two times a day than older surgical unit patients.CONCLUSIONS: Middle-aged and older patients differed in their preferences for visits, with sufficient variation in responses to warrant tailoring visits to the unique preferences of patients based on age and clinical setting.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Attitude to Health', 'Choice Behavior', 'Critical Care', 'Fatigue', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intensive Care Units', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nursing Assessment', 'Organizational Policy', 'Patient Care Planning', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Time Factors', 'Visitors to Patients']
| 8,358,481
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['F02.463.785.373.346'], ['E02.760.190', 'N02.421.585.190'], ['C23.888.369'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.388.493'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N04.590.233.508.480'], ['I01.655.500.550', 'I01.880.604.825.550', 'N03.623.500.550'], ['N04.590.233.624'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['G01.910.857'], ['M01.935']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Colon carcinoma in pregnancy. Case report and review of literature.
|
The Authors report on a case of colon carcinoma occurred in a pregnant woman. As complaints for digestive tract disfunctions are common during pregnancy, the diagnosis of the malignancy was delayed. The Authors suggest the treating physician be alert to avoid under estimation of symptomatology.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adult', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic', 'Time Factors']
| 6,713,660
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C04.850', 'C13.703.720'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Novel gluten-free formulations from lentil flours and nutritional yeast: Evaluation of extrusion effect on phytochemicals and non-nutritional factors.
|
The food industry is increasingly innovating and applying new processing technologies and ingredients to develop novel food products that meet the consumers' demand. In this study, the effect of extrusion (at 140 °C and 160 °C) was evaluated in different lentil flours formulations enriched with nutritional yeast, in terms of á-galactosides (raffinose, stachyose, verbascose), inositol phosphates (IPs), trypsin inhibitors and lectins content. The content of á-galactosides and IPs was determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Trypsin inhibitor activity (TIA) was evaluated using a small-scale quantitative assay. The lectin content was analyzed using a haemagglutination assay and a Competitive Indirect Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Extrusion promoted a significant increase, up to 85% in total á-galactosides content. After extrusion, IPs content was significantly decreased and TIA as well as lectins content had a reduction higher than 90%. Extrusion demonstrated to have a beneficial effect by increasing desirable prebiotic compounds and decreasing non-nutritional factors.
|
['Animals', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Diet, Gluten-Free', 'Flour', 'Food Analysis', 'Food, Formulated', 'Food-Processing Industry', 'Galactosides', 'Hemagglutination Tests', 'Inositol Phosphates', 'Lens Plant', 'Oligosaccharides', 'Phytochemicals', 'Rats', 'Trypsin Inhibitors', 'Yeast, Dried']
| 31,991,254
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['E02.642.249.265', 'G07.203.650.240.265'], ['G07.203.300.484', 'J02.500.484'], ['E05.362', 'J01.576.423.850.100'], ['G07.203.300.525.350', 'J02.500.525.350'], ['J01.576.423.200.400'], ['D09.408.320'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.050.375', 'E05.200.812.735.050.375', 'E05.478.594.760.050.375'], ['D02.033.800.519.400', 'D09.853.519.400', 'D09.894.480'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.450'], ['D09.698.629'], ['D23.704'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.800.900'], ['G07.203.300.456.933', 'J02.500.456.933']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Major vascular injury in laparoscopic urology.
|
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Major vascular injury is the most devastating complication of laparoscopy, occurring most commonly during the laparoscopic entry phase. Our goal is to report our experience with major vascular injury during laparoscopic entry with closed- and open-access techniques in urologic procedures.METHODS: All 5347 patients who underwent laparoscopic urologic procedures from 1996 to 2011 at our hospital were included in the study. Laparoscopic entry was carried out by either the closed Veress needle technique or the modified open Hasson technique. Patients' charts were reviewed retrospectively to investigate for access-related major vascular injuries.RESULTS: The closed technique was used in the first 474 operations and the open technique in the remaining 4873 cases. Three cases of major vascular injury were identified among our patients. They were 3 men scheduled for nephrectomy without any history of surgery. All injuries occurred in the closed-access group during the setup phase with insertion of the first trocar. The injury location was the abdominal aorta in 2 patients and the external iliac vein in 1 patient. Management was performed after conversion to open surgery, control of bleeding, and repair of the injured vessel.CONCLUSIONS: Given the high morbidity and mortality rates associated with major vascular injury, its clinically higher incidence in laparoscopic urologic procedures with the closed-access technique leads us to suggest using the open technique for the entry phase of laparoscopy. Using the open-access technique may decrease laparophobia and encourage a higher number of urologists to enter the laparoscopy field.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Laparoscopy', 'Male', 'Postoperative Complications', 'United States', 'Urologic Diseases', 'Urologic Surgical Procedures', 'Vascular System Injuries']
| 25,392,667
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['C23.550.767'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['C12.777', 'C13.351.968'], ['E04.950.774'], ['C14.907.937', 'C26.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Relevance of a borderline vitamin deficiency in relation to the question of vitamin requirement.
|
A definition is given for the terms of latent and borderline vitamin deficiency, and the vitamin requirement and optimal vitamin supply, respectively, are discussed in relation to these two terms. The upper limit of the latent vitamin deficiency status can be used to define the optimal intake of vitamins, whereas the lower limit indicates the minimum requirement. The impact on health of a latent vitamin deficiency lies in the risk of falling into a manifest vitamin deficiency during sudden stress, whereas, in borderline vitamin deficiency status, some health functions are affected so that a problem of public health may arise and countermeasures should be taken.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Ascorbic Acid', 'Ascorbic Acid Deficiency', 'Avitaminosis', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nutritional Requirements', 'Sex Factors', 'Vitamins']
| 508,272
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Lipoma of the larynx.
|
Two cases of intrinsic laryngeal lipoma are added to the twenty-four cases recorded previously. Lipoma may occur anywhere beneath the skin over the entire body. In the larynx these tumours lie rather deep and it is therefore important to obtain a deep tissue biopsy. It is possible to remove a substantial part of the swelling endoscopically and to relieve the patient's symptoms. We feel that lipoma of the larynx may be more common than has hitherto been reported in the literature.
|
['Female', 'Humans', 'Laryngeal Neoplasms', 'Lipoma', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Tomography, X-Ray']
| 3,430,055
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.443.665.481', 'C08.360.369', 'C08.785.481', 'C09.400.369', 'C09.647.481'], ['C04.557.450.550.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Comparison of two cysteine endopeptidases from latices of Morrenia brachystephana Griseb. and Morrenia odorata (Hook et Arn.) Lindley (Asclepiadaceae).
|
The properties of morrenain b II, a proteinase isolated from the latex of Morrenia brachystephana, were compared with those of morrenain o II, a proteinase obtained from the latex of Morrenia odorata. Both peptidases were purified to homogeneity by acetone precipitation followed by cation exchange chromatography. The enzymes have pI values higher than 9.3 and similar molecular masses (close to 26 kDa) as determined by SDS-PAGE. They display maximum proteolytic activity within an alkaline pH range, and also exhibit esterolytic activity. The N-terminal sequences of morrenain o II and morrenain b II show a high degree of homology between each other and to other cysteine plant proteinases.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Cysteine Endopeptidases', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Isoelectric Point', 'Kinetics', 'Latex', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Molecular Weight', 'Plant Proteins', 'Sequence Homology']
| 11,517,946
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200'], ['G02.300'], ['E05.301.300.663.500', 'G02.300.500'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D05.750.078.625', 'D20.215.721.124', 'D25.720.099.625', 'D25.720.099.750.500', 'D25.720.327.840.239', 'J01.637.051.720.099.625', 'J01.637.051.720.540'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.494'], ['D12.776.765'], ['G02.111.810', 'G05.810']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Characterization of in vitro neural functional connectivity on a neurofluidic device.
|
Understanding the mechanism of functional connectivity in neural system is of great benefit to lot of researches and applications. Microfluidics and microelectrode arrays (MEAs) have been frequently utilized for in vitro neural cultures study. However, there are few studies on the functional connectivity of neural cultures grown on a microfluidic chip. It is intriguing to unveil the influences of microfluidic structures on in vitro neuronal networks from the perspective of functional connectivity. Hence, in the present study, a device was established, which comprised a microfluidic chamber for cell growth and a MEA substrate for recording the electrophysiological response of the neuronal networks. The network topology, neural firing rate, neural bursting rate and network burst frequency were adopted as representative characteristics for neuronal networks analysis. Functional connectivity was estimated by means of cross-covariance analysis and graph theory. The results demonstrated that the functional connectivity of the in vitro neuronal networks formed in the microchannel has been apparently reinforced, corresponding to improve neuronal network density and increased small-worldness.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Equipment Design', 'Hippocampus', 'Microelectrodes', 'Microfluidic Analytical Techniques', 'Nerve Net', 'Neurons', 'Neurophysiology', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Tissue Array Analysis']
| 31,556,965
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['E05.320'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['E07.305.250.500'], ['E05.588.465'], ['A08.511'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['H01.158.610.268', 'H01.158.782.562'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['E05.588.570.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evidence-based practice in neurology: a team approach to development.
|
Healthcare practitioners aspire to evidence-based practice, but in reality, many find it difficult to integrate the findings and recommendations of research studies and practice development projects into practice. One potential solution is a team approach to evaluating the available evidence and adapting it for use in a particular setting. Success depends on maintaining a team approach and ensuring that all staff members have access to the relevant information collated on the particular area of practice.
|
['Benchmarking', 'Education, Nursing, Continuing', 'Evidence-Based Medicine', 'Humans', 'Inservice Training', 'Needs Assessment', 'Neurology', 'Nursing Staff, Hospital', 'Patient Care Team', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic', 'Program Development', 'Specialties, Nursing']
| 11,974,110
|
[['N04.452.500.150', 'N04.761.685.150', 'N04.761.700.150', 'N05.700.150', 'N05.715.360.650.150'], ['I02.358.212.450', 'I02.358.462.399'], ['H02.249.750', 'H02.403.200.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I02.574'], ['I02.594', 'N03.349.380.565', 'N05.300.537'], ['H02.403.600'], ['M01.526.485.680.490', 'M01.526.485.740.523', 'N02.360.680.490', 'N02.360.740.523'], ['N04.590.715'], ['N04.761.700.350.650', 'N05.700.350.650'], ['N04.452.760'], ['H02.478.676']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
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