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Shear wave elasticity by tracing total nodule showed high reproducibility and concordance with fibrosis in thyroid cancer.
|
BACKGROUND: Although shear wave elastography (SWE) is reported to be useful in detecting malignant thyroid nodules, it shows a wide range of cut-off values of elasticity index (EI) in detecting malignant nodules. The cause of discrepancy remains unclear. Fibrosis of the tumors is known to increase the EI in SWE, and matching of SWE and surgical histopathology has not been fully illustrated in thyroid cancer. We aimed to evaluate the reproducibility of the new total nodular region of interest (ROI) method excluding the subjective features of focal circular ROI placement and to determine the lesion that causes the elevation of EI on SWE and on histopathology.METHODS: A total of 29 thyroid cancers from 28 patients were included. We evaluated the reproducibility of EI in the new total nodular ROI using Q-Box Trace program and compared the EI in focal nodular ROI using a 3-mm circular area. We analyzed the correlation between fibrosis and EI.RESULT: The coefficient of variation (CV) of the intrarater assay was significantly lower in total nodular ROI than in focal nodular ROI within the image in rater 1 (1.7% vs. 13.4%, p < 0.001) and in rater 2 (1.4% vs. 16.9%, p < 0.001) and in different images in rater 1 (7.6% vs. 12.3%, p = 0.040) and in rater 2 (7.5% vs. 19.8%, p = 0.004). Moreover, CV of the interrater assay showed similar results (14.9% vs. 19%, p = 0.030). Interrater intraclass correlation coefficient showed better agreement in total nodular ROI than in focal nodular ROI (0.863 vs. 0.783). The degree of fibrosis on histopathology showed significant correlations with EI (EMean, p < 0.001; EMax, p = 0.027), and the location of fibrosis was concordant with the high EI area on SWE.CONCLUSION: Our study revealed that the new total nodular ROI method showed higher reproducibility and better agreement in intra- and interrater assay than the focal nodular ROI method, suggesting a valuable and standardized method in clinical practice. Moreover, our results showed that fibrosis in the histopathology increased EI on SWE and might lead to the discrepancy of the cut-off values in detecting thyroid cancer.
|
['Biopsy', 'Elasticity', 'Elasticity Imaging Techniques', 'Female', 'Fibrosis', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Thyroid Neoplasms', 'Thyroid Nodule', 'Ultrasonography']
| 32,050,941
|
[['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['G01.374.590'], ['E01.370.350.850.270'], ['C23.550.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['C04.588.322.894', 'C04.588.443.915', 'C19.344.894', 'C19.874.788'], ['C04.588.322.894.800', 'C04.588.443.915.800', 'C19.344.894.800', 'C19.874.788.800'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
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| 0
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|
Androgen and estradiol levels in plasma and amniotic fluid of late gestational male and female hamsters: uterine position effects.
|
Using radioimmunoassay we have measured the plasma and amniotic fluid levels of androgen and estradiol in male and female hamster fetuses nearing parturition. On Days 14 and 15 of gestation (day of birth = Day 16), plasma levels of androgen are higher in males than females while estradiol levels are equal. Amniotic fluid levels of these hormones, while lower than plasma, reflect the difference in androgen and the similarity in estradiol between sexes. Uterine position analysis on Day 14 suggests that female siblings located caudally suppress amniotic fluid androgen and elevate estradiol levels of male siblings. Comparison of Day 18 gestation male and female rat amniotic fluid androgen to Day 14 hamsters reveals that male rats are bathed in high levels of androgen. Female rats have lower levels which are not different from those of male hamsters. Female hamsters are exposed to little androgen. Relevance to behavioral sexual differentiation and the display of adult behavior is discussed.
|
['Amniotic Fluid', 'Animals', 'Cricetinae', 'Dihydrotestosterone', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Gestational Age', 'Gonadal Steroid Hormones', 'Male', 'Pregnancy', 'Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Sex Characteristics', 'Sexual Behavior, Animal', 'Testosterone']
| 3,755,116
|
[['A12.098', 'A16.378.149'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['D04.210.500.054.040.248', 'D06.472.334.851.968.964'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['D06.472.334.851'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.824.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['G08.686.815'], ['F01.145.113.252.748'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.429.824', 'D06.472.334.851.968.984']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Femoral asymmetry in the Thoroughbred racehorse.
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the occurrence of geometrical asymmetries in the macro-architecture of left and right femurs from Thoroughbred racehorses previously used in competitive training and racing in New South Wales, Australia.METHODS: Detailed postmortem measurements were made of 37 characteristics of left and right femurs from eleven Thoroughbred racehorses euthanased for reasons unrelated to the study. Measurements focused on articulating surfaces and sites of attachment of muscles and ligaments known to be associated with hindlimb locomotion.RESULTS: Five measurements were significantly larger in left compared to right femurs (P < 0.05). The regions showing significant differences between left and right limbs were proximal cranial and overhead medio-lateral widths, greater trochanter depth, depth of the fovea in the femoral head and distal inter-epicondylar width.CONCLUSION: The left-right differences in femoral morphology were associated with sites of muscle and ligament attachment known to be involved with hindlimb function in negotiating turns. These differences may be the result of selection pressure for racing performance on curved race tracks and/or adaptations related to asymmetrical loading of the outside hindlimb associated with repeated negotiation of turns on such tracks.
|
['Animals', 'Cumulative Trauma Disorders', 'Femur', 'Horse Diseases', 'Horses', 'Locomotion', 'Physical Conditioning, Animal']
| 15,986,917
|
[['B01.050'], ['C26.844.150'], ['A02.835.232.043.150'], ['C22.488'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472'], ['G07.568.500', 'G11.427.410.568'], ['G11.427.410.698.277.280']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
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Epidural meptazinol for pain relief after lower abdominal surgery.
|
A preliminary investigation is reported into the use of epidural meptazinol for pain relief in 20 patients after major lower abdominal (gynaecological) surgery. Analgesia was rapid in onset (15 minutes), had a median duration of 124 minutes (interquartile range 85-212 minutes) after a single dose of 30 mg and a median duration of 122.5 minutes (interquartile range 70-127 minutes) after a single dose of 60 mg. Overall pain relief, as judged by the patients themselves, was satisfactory in 19 out of the 20 cases. At 30 minutes and 45 minutes pain relief was significantly better with the 60 mg than the 30 mg dose (p less than 0.02). No drug-related adverse effects were observed during the study.
|
['Abdomen', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Azepines', 'Drug Evaluation', 'Epidural Space', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Meptazinol', 'Middle Aged', 'Pain, Postoperative', 'Time Factors']
| 4,037,268
|
[['A01.923.047'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D03.383.066'], ['E05.290.625', 'E05.337.425'], ['A02.835.232.834.803.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.383.066.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767.700', 'C23.888.592.612.832'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
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|
[Elective radiotherapy in breast carcinoma].
|
From March 1972 to November 1979 a total of 157 patients with stage I to III primary breast cancers have been irradiated after segmental resection (12 cases), tilectomy (89 cases) or biopsy (56 cases). Complete local control was achieved in all Stage I lesions, in 97% of Stage II lesions and in 68% of Stage III lesions. Non recurrence has been observed in patients previously operated by segmental resections, while local failures occurred in 6/89 and in 16/56 patients operated by tilectomy or biopsy, respectively. Of the 28 Stage I patients, 24 (86%) are alive, one with distant metastases. Four patients of this group are dead, 2 of intercurrent disease and 2 of breast cancer. Of the 61 (Stage II) patients, 38 (62%) are alive, 5 of these with distant metastases. Twenty-three patients are dead, 15 with active disease, and 8 suffered intercurrent death. Of the 68 Stage III patients, 21 (31%) are alive, 6 of these with distant metastases. Fourty-seven patients are dead, 43 of breast cancer and 4 of intercurrent disease. The high probability of initial subclinical deposits is evidenced by the fact that 49 of the 68 patients in this group developed distant metastases. The patients with T1 lesions appear to comprise the most favourable group with a relapse free survival at five years of 76%. The 5 years relapse free survival was 62% for T2 lesions and 25% for T3 and T4 lesions. N0 status does not confer the same favourable prognosis as T1 status. N+ status, however, resulted in a definitely negative prognostic factor. Cosmetic results after our treatment approach appear to be extremely good. A marked difference between the irradiated and controlateral breast occurred only in 10 of the 125 patients after a minimum of 2 years observation.
|
['Breast Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Prognosis']
| 7,071,949
|
[['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['E01.789']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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| 0
| 0
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|
Role of Post-Acute Care on Hospital Readmission After High-Risk Surgery.
|
BACKGROUND: Payment models, including the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program and bundled payments, place pressures on hospitals to limit readmissions. Against this backdrop, we sought to investigate the association of post-acute care after major surgery and readmission rates.METHODS: We identified patients undergoing high-risk surgery (abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, coronary bypass grafting, aortic valve replacement, carotid endarterectomy, esophagectomy, pancreatectomy, lung resection, and cystectomy) from 2005 to 2010 using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's State Inpatient Database. The primary outcome was readmission rates after major surgery. Secondary outcome was readmission length of stay.RESULTS: We identified 135,523 patients of whom 56,720 (42%) received post-acute care. Patients receiving post-acute care had higher readmission rates than those who were discharged home (16% versus 10%, respectively; P < 0.001). The risk-adjusted readmission length of stay was greatest for patients who received care from a skilled nursing facility, followed by those who received home care, and lowest for those who did not receive post-acute care (7.1 versus 5.4 versus 4.8 d, respectively; P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: The use of post-acute care was associated with higher readmission rates and higher readmission lengths of stay. Improving the support of patients in post-acute care settings may help reduce readmissions and readmission intensity.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Readmission', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Subacute Care']
| 30,527,462
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.400.620', 'N02.421.585.400.620'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E02.760.850', 'N02.421.585.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
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| 0
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| 1
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| 0
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Weight loss alters severity of individual nocturnal respiratory events depending on sleeping position.
|
Weight loss is an effective treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The mechanisms of how weight loss affects nocturnal breathing are not fully understood. The severity of OSA is currently estimated by the number of respiratory events per hour of sleep (i.e. apnea-hypopnea-index, AHI). AHI neglects duration and morphology of individual respiratory events, which describe the severity of individual events. In the current paper, we investigate the novel Adjusted-AHI parameter (incorporating individual event severity) and AHI after weight loss in relation to sleeping position. It was hypothesised that there are positional differences in individual event severity changes during weight loss. Altogether, 32 successful (> 5% of weight) and 34 unsuccessful weight loss patients at baseline and after 1 year follow-up were analysed. The results revealed that individual respiratory event severity was reduced differently in supine and non-supine positions during weight loss. During weight loss, AHI was reduced by 54% (p = 0.004) and 74% (p < 0.001), while Adjusted-AHI was reduced by 14% (p = 0.454) and 48% (p = 0.003) in supine and non-supine positions, respectively. In conclusion, the severity of individual respiratory events decreased more in the non-supine position. The novel Adjusted-AHI parameter takes these changes into account and might therefore contribute additional information to the planning of treatment of OSA patients.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Polysomnography', 'Posture', 'Risk', 'Sleep', 'Sleep Apnea, Obstructive', 'Weight Loss']
| 25,237,739
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.520.625'], ['G11.427.695'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['F02.830.855', 'G11.561.803'], ['C08.618.085.852.850', 'C10.886.425.800.750.850'], ['C23.888.144.243.963', 'G07.345.249.314.120.200.963']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Ionic liquid-based solid phase microextraction necklaces for the environmental monitoring of ketamine.
|
Wearable solid phase microextraction (SPME) devices consisting in necklaces and pins were developed for the environmental monitoring of ketamine in recreational places using ionic liquid as coating. SPME fibers obtained using both monocationic and dicationic polymeric ionic liquids were characterized in terms of morphology, film thickness, thermal stability and pH resistance. An average thickness of 30±5ìm, an excellent thermal stability until 350°C and a very good fiber-to-fiber and batch-to-batch repeatability with RSD lower than 4% were some of the features of the developed coatings. A quantitation limit (LOQ) of 0.05mg/m(3) with a sampling time of 1min proved the feasibility of the developed method for the quantitation of ketamine in air at low concentration levels. Finally, the capabilities of the fibers for the rapid SPME sampling of ketamine in recreational places were proved obtaining extraction efficiencies at least two-fold higher than those obtained using commercial devices and extraction recoveries ranging from 84.2±3.3% to 93.6±2.6% (n=3).
|
['Air Pollutants', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Imidazoles', 'Ionic Liquids', 'Ketamine', 'Limit of Detection', 'Liquid Phase Microextraction', 'Polymers', 'Recreation', 'Solid Phase Microextraction']
| 24,472,840
|
[['D27.888.284.101'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['D03.383.129.308'], ['D27.720.844.500'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.367.652'], ['E05.318.740.872.374', 'N05.715.360.750.725.500', 'N06.850.520.830.872.500'], ['E05.196.155.650.500'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['I03.450.642'], ['E05.196.155.800.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Prevalence and Clinical Significance of Respiratory Effort-Related Arousals in the General Population.
|
STUDY OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence and clinical associations of respiratory effort-related arousals (RERA) in a general population sample.METHODS: A total of 2,162 participants (51.2% women, 58.5 ± 11.0 years old, body mass index [BMI] 25.6 ± 4.2 kg/m2) of a general population-based cohort (HypnoLaus, Switzerland) underwent full polysomnography at home. Each subject with a RERA index ? 5 events/h was compared with an age-, sex- and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI)-matched control without RERA.RESULTS: A RERA index ? 5 events/h was present in 84 participants (3.8%; 95% confidence interval: 3.2-4.8%). In 17 participants (0.8%; 95% confidence interval: 0.5-1.3%), RERAs were the predominant sleep breathing disorder and only one of them complained of excessive daytime sleepiness. Compared to matched controls, subjects with a RERA index ? 5 events/h were similar in terms of BMI (26.5 ± 3.5 versus 26.3 ± 4.8 kg/m2, P = .73), neck circumference (38.5 ± 3.3 versus 37.6 ± 3.7 cm, P = .10) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale score (6.7 ± 3.7 versus 6.0 ± 3.7, P = .22). Also, no differences were found for hypertension (21.4% versus 27.4%, P = .47), diabetes (7.1% versus 7.1%, P = 1.00), or metabolic syndrome (31.0% versus 23.8%, P = .39).CONCLUSIONS: In a middle-aged population-based cohort, the prevalence of a RERA index ? 5 events/h was low (3.8%) and was not associated with negative clinical outcomes when using the currently recommended scoring criteria of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Arousal', 'Cohort Studies', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Monitoring, Ambulatory', 'Polysomnography', 'Prevalence', 'Respiration', 'Sleep Apnea Syndromes']
| 30,092,888
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F02.830.104', 'G11.561.035'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.520.500'], ['E01.370.520.625'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['G09.772.705'], ['C08.618.085.852', 'C10.886.425.800.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Longitudinal dichotic listening patterns for aphasic patients. II. Relationship with lesion variables.
|
Dichotic listening scores and information on lesion size and location were obtained for aphasic patients. All patients had a reduction in dichotic scores at 1 month postonset of symptoms, but some patients returned to normal levels of performance by 6 months postonset. Lesion location was the main determinant of patterns of performance. Right ear scores from the dichotic digit test closely reflected the presence or absence of lesions involving Heschl's gyrus. What appeared to be an effect of lesion volume was confounded by the relationship between increasing lesion volume and a greater likelihood of damage to Heschl's gyrus.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aphasia', 'Brain Mapping', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Cerebral Infarction', 'Dichotic Listening Tests', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuropsychological Tests']
| 2,425,888
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.597.606.150.500.800.100', 'C23.888.592.604.150.500.800.100'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['C10.228.140.300.150.477.200', 'C10.228.140.300.775.200.200', 'C14.907.253.092.477.200', 'C14.907.253.855.200.200', 'C23.550.513.355.250.200', 'C23.550.717.489.250.200'], ['E01.370.382.375.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.513']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Dose reduction in oncological staging multidetector CT: effect of iterative reconstruction.
|
OBJECTIVE: To compare radiation exposure and image quality of oncological staging multidetector CT (MDCT) examinations of the chest, abdomen and pelvis with and without iterative reconstruction (IR).METHODS: 40 patients with known malignancy underwent staging CT examinations at two time points. Both CT scans were performed on the same scanner (SOMATOM® Definition Flash, Siemens Healthcare, Forchheim, Germany). For the baseline scan, the tube current-time product was set to 250 mAs [image reconstruction: filtered back projection (FBP)] and for the follow-up scan to 150 mAs [reconstruction: iterative reconstruction (IR)]. Effective radiation doses were estimated based on dose-length products for both baseline and follow-up. Noise measurements in defined regions were compared for FBP and IR. Images were also subjectively evaluated for image quality by three radiologists with different levels of experience.RESULTS: Dose reduction was 44.4±8.2% for reduced-dose CT scans with IR compared with baseline with FBP. Image noise was not significantly different between images reconstructed with FBP and IR. The subjective quality of standard-dose FBP images and reduced-dose iteratively reconstructed CT images were identical.CONCLUSION: Our results show the dose-reducing potential of IR of CT image data in oncological patients.ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: The algorithm tested in the present scientific study allows a >45% dose reduction at maintained image quality.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Algorithms', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Neoplasms', 'Radiation Dosage', 'Radiation Protection', 'Radiographic Image Enhancement', 'Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Young Adult']
| 23,255,541
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.625'], ['C04'], ['E05.799.513', 'G01.750.740', 'N06.850.810.250'], ['N06.850.810.425'], ['E01.370.350.600.350.700', 'E01.370.350.700.700', 'L01.224.308.380.600'], ['E01.158.600.680', 'E01.370.350.350.700', 'E01.370.350.700.705', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600.680'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Changes in cyst's nuclear chromatin resulting after experimental manipulation of Taenia crassiceps mice infections: biological implications.
|
During some estimations of the nuclear DNA content, based on determinations propidium iodide (PI) binding through fluorocytometry for Taenia crassiceps cysticerci, significant variation in the results were found. This initial observation led to a series of experiments designed to explain the variation. These changes could be induced by the diameter of the needles in the syringes used for the mouse to mouse transfer of the cysts. Nuclei from cysts transferred through 27-gauge needles showed 30% less PI staining than those transferred through 21 gauge needles, after 2 months infections. Reduction in PI capture induced by 27-gauge needle was reversible when the cysts were maintained in their mice hosts during 5 months. Moreover, variation in PI binding to cysticercal DNA was also found when comparing parasites grown in male versus female mice. The use of agents that homogenize the chromatin structure during PI staining, allowed demonstrating that variation were entirely due to differences in the chromatin relaxation/compaction. Additional experiments demonstrated that the higher compaction is accompanied by a reduced ability of cysts to grow in the peritoneal cavity of BALB/cAnN mice. Furthermore, proteomic analysis also showed that these changes in chromatin relaxation/compaction resulted in different levels and patterns of protein expression. Our results strongly suggest that chromatin is involved in several well characterized phenomena of the T. crassiceps murine model, and open new avenues for a detailed approach to understand such a complex host-parasite relationship.
|
['Animals', 'Chromatin', 'Cysticercosis', 'Cysticercus', 'DNA, Helminth', 'Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional', 'Female', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Helminth Proteins', 'Isoelectric Point', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Molecular Weight', 'Proteome']
| 22,343,043
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.180', 'D12.776.664.224', 'G05.360.160.180'], ['C01.610.335.190.902.185'], ['B01.050.500.500.736.215.895.286'], ['D13.444.308.315'], ['E05.196.401.250', 'E05.301.300.230'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['D12.776.419'], ['E05.301.300.663.500', 'G02.300.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['G02.494'], ['D12.776.817']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Retroperitoneal tumors in adults. Apropos of 2 cases. A myxoid liposarcoma and a schwannoma].
|
We report 2 cases of retroperitoneal tumors in adults: a lipomyxosarcoma and a schwannoma. Computed tomography and ultrasonography help to establish a positive diagnosis. Treatment consists essentially of complete surgical excision. Their subsequent course is often uncertain.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Liposarcoma', 'Middle Aged', 'Neurilemmoma', 'Retroperitoneal Neoplasms', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 2,360,782
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.450.550.420', 'C04.557.450.795.465'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.595', 'C04.557.580.600.610.595', 'C04.557.580.625.650.595'], ['C04.588.033.731'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
BLASST: Band Limited Atomic Sampling With Spectral Tuning With Applications to Utility Line Noise Filtering.
|
OBJECTIVE: In this paper, we present and test a new method for the identification and removal of nonstationary utility line noise from biomedical signals.METHODS: The method, band limited atomic sampling with spectral tuning (BLASST), is an iterative approach that is designed to 1) fit nonstationarities in line noise by searching for best-fit Gabor atoms at predetermined time points, 2) self-modulate its fit by leveraging information from frequencies surrounding the target frequency, and 3) terminate based on a convergence criterion obtained from the same surrounding frequencies. To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, we generate several simulated and real instances of nonstationary line noise and test BLASST along with alternative filtering approaches.RESULTS: We find that BLASST is capable of fitting line noise well and/or preserving local signal features relative to tested alternative filtering techniques.CONCLUSION: BLASST may present a useful alternative to bandpass, notch, or other filtering methods when experimentally relevant features have significant power in a spectrum that is contaminated by utility line noise, or when the line noise in question is highly nonstationary.SIGNIFICANCE: This is of particular significance in electroencephalography experiments, where line noise may be present in the frequency bands of neurological interest and measurements are typically of low enough strength that induced line noise can dominate the recorded signals. In conjunction with this paper, the authors have released a MATLAB toolbox that performs BLASST on real, vector-valued signals (available at https://github.com/VisLab/blasst).
|
['Algorithms', 'Artifacts', 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'Electricity', 'Electroencephalography', 'Humans', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted']
| 27,893,379
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E05.047'], ['E05.245.380', 'E05.318.740.300', 'L01.313.500.750.190.380', 'N05.715.360.750.300', 'N06.850.520.830.300'], ['G01.358.500.249'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['L01.224.800']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Bilateral optic nerve cryptococcosis in sudden blindness in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome.
|
PURPOSE: A neuroanatomic study was undertaken to search for the cause of sudden, simultaneously bilateral blindness in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome who had cryptococcal meningitis.METHODS: Careful gross examination was performed, and microscopic sections were cut at 50- to 100-microns intervals of the entire visual pathway.RESULTS: Focal cryptococcosis destroyed segments of the right intracanalicular optic nerve and the left intraorbital optic nerve adjacent to the optic canal. The meninges were heavily infiltrated by Cryptococcus organisms around the optic tracts, optic nerves, and optic chiasm; however, only a few scattered cryptococcal organisms were found in the periphery of the chiasm contiguous with heavy meningeal infection. Blood vessels supplying the chiasm appeared normal. Generalized cerebral edema and focal vacuolization of periventricular white matter were evident.CONCLUSION: The authors believe that sudden, simultaneously bilateral visual loss in this patient was caused by focal but fulminant necrosis of both optic nerves. However, the presence of cryptococcal organisms throughout the basal meninges and in the sheaths of both optic nerves suggests that cryptococcosis may produce visual loss by damaging multiple areas of the anterior visual pathway.
|
['AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections', 'Adult', 'Blindness', 'Cryptococcosis', 'Eye Infections, Fungal', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Meningitis, Cryptococcal', 'Optic Nerve Diseases', 'Prospective Studies']
| 8,233,396
|
[['C01.221.250.875.100', 'C01.597.050', 'C01.610.684.050', 'C01.925.597.050', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.100', 'C20.673.480.100'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C10.597.751.941.162', 'C11.966.075', 'C23.888.592.763.941.162'], ['C01.150.703.248'], ['C01.150.703.320', 'C01.375.450', 'C11.294.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.150.703.181.500.500', 'C01.150.703.248.290', 'C01.207.198.500.500', 'C10.228.228.198.500.500', 'C10.228.614.300.500'], ['C10.292.700', 'C11.640'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Can district nurses and care home staff improve bowel care for older people using a clinical benchmarking tool?
|
A quasi-experimental study tested a clinical benchmarking tool (Essence of Care) to improve bowel-related care for older people living in six care homes. In the intervention care homes, district nurses and care home staff used the clinical benchmarking tool to discuss and plan how to improve bowel care for residents. In the control care homes, staff were provided with detailed information about the residents and continence services contact details. The intervention was acceptable to care home and district nursing staff, and possible to incorporate into existing working patterns. The study did not demonstrate a significant reduction in bowel-related problems, although there was evidence in one care home of reduction in episodes of avoidable faecal incontinence. At an individual level of care, there were observable benefits, and examples of person-centred care were prompted through participating in the intervention and improved staff awareness. Clinical benchmarking tools can be used to structure discussion between district nurses and care home staff to review and plan care for residents. However, it takes time to achieve change and embedding this kind of approach requires either robust pre-existing working relationships or the involvement of a facilitator.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Benchmarking', 'Community Health Nursing', 'Constipation', 'Fecal Incontinence', 'Female', 'Homes for the Aged', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Manuals as Topic', 'Middle Aged', 'Nursing Homes', 'Organizational Innovation', 'Total Quality Management', 'United Kingdom']
| 24,335,790
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['N04.452.500.150', 'N04.761.685.150', 'N04.761.700.150', 'N05.700.150', 'N05.715.360.650.150'], ['H02.478.676.150', 'N02.421.143.150'], ['C23.888.821.150'], ['C06.405.469.860.300'], ['J03.775.462', 'N02.278.825.462'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.178.682.192.609', 'L01.178.820.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N02.278.825.610'], ['N04.452.610'], ['N04.452.955', 'N04.761.700.675', 'N05.700.792'], ['Z01.542.363']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Long-term follow-up of atrioventricular delay optimization in patients with biventricular pacing.
|
BACKGROUND: Atrioventricular (AV) delay optimization may be important in patients with biventricular pacing and the optimal AV delay can be predicted using Doppler echocardiography and the formula: optimal AV delay = AV delay-the interval between the end of A wave and complete closure of the mitral valve when the AV delay is set at slightly prolonged AV delay.METHODS AND RESULTS: In the present study the efficacy of this method was evaluated in 5 patients (67.4+/-8.0 (SD) years old) with biventricular pacing. Cardiac output (CO) and diastolic filling time were measured by Doppler echocardiography. When the AV delay was set at the predicted optimal AV delay -25 ms, the predicted optimal AV delay (133+/-66 ms) and predicted optimal AV delay + 25 ms, the respective CO were 4.5+/-0.9, 5.3+/-1.0, 4.8+/-1.0 L/min (p<0.05, ANOVA) and the diastolic filling times were 364 +/-100, 373+/-105, 335+/-84 ms (p<0.05, ANOVA). Congestive heart failure improved from New York Heart Association class 3.6+/-0.5 to 1.4+/-0.5 (p<0.001).CONCLUSIONS: AV delay optimization is important in patients with biventricular pacing and can be easily achieved by the new method.
|
['Aged', 'Atrioventricular Node', 'Cardiac Output', 'Cardiac Pacing, Artificial', 'Echocardiography, Doppler, Pulsed', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Heart Failure', 'Humans', 'Methods', 'Middle Aged', 'Mitral Valve']
| 15,671,613
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['A07.541.409.147'], ['E01.370.370.380.150', 'G09.330.380.124'], ['E02.331.200'], ['E01.370.350.130.750.220.225', 'E01.370.350.850.220.220.225', 'E01.370.350.850.850.220.225', 'E01.370.350.850.850.860.225', 'E01.370.370.380.220.220.225'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C14.280.434'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.581'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A07.541.510.507']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Nanomechanical microcantilever operated in vibration modes with use of RNA aptamer as receptor molecules for label-free detection of HCV helicase.
|
We report the nanomechanical microcantilevers operated in vibration modes (oscillation) with use of RNA aptamers as receptor molecules for label-free detection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) helicase. The nanomechanical detection principle is that the ligand-receptor binding on the microcantilever surface induces the dynamic response change of microcantilevers. We implemented the label-free detection of HCV helicase in the low concentration as much as 100 pg/ml from measuring the dynamic response change of microcantilevers. Moreover, from the recent studies showing that the ligand-receptor binding generates the surface stress on the microcantilever, we estimate the surface stress, on the oscillating microcantilevers, induced by ligand-receptor binding, i.e. binding between HCV helicase and RNA aptamer. In this article, it is suggested that the oscillating microcantilevers with use of RNA aptamers as receptor molecules may enable one to implement the sensitive label-free detection of very small amount of small-scale proteins.
|
['Algorithms', 'Aptamers, Nucleotide', 'Hepatitis C', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Nanotechnology', 'RNA Helicases']
| 17,616,386
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['D13.695.578.424.224'], ['C01.221.250.750', 'C01.925.440.440', 'C01.925.782.350.350', 'C06.552.380.705.440'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['H01.603', 'J01.897.520.600'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.735.720']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Macrophages acquire fibroblast characteristics in a rat model of proliferative vitreoretinopathy.
|
PURPOSE: Our aim was to establish a rat model of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) induced by macrophages and investigate whether macrophages can be a cell origin of fibroblast-like cells present in PVR.METHODS: One eye of each rat received an intravitreal injection of macrophages. Clinical examination was performed to evaluate the development of PVR. Histological study was carried out to observe the pathological progression. Immunohistochemical staining with vimentin (VIM), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), á-smooth-muscle actin (á-SM actin), cytokeratin (CK) and CD68 characterized the cell types within the PVR membranes. The distribution, morphological change of prelabeled macrophages, as well as their colocalization with CD68, VIM, GFAP, á-SM actin and CK, were observed on days 3, 14 and 28 after injection.RESULTS: In response to intravitreal injection of macrophages, 90% of the experimental rats developed PVR from postoperative day 7. The histological progression of PVR was characterized by the sequential appearance of inflammatory cell invasion, fibroblast proliferation and scar formation. The dominating cells comprising the proliferative membranes at the advanced stage were fibroblasts. Injected macrophages retained round shape and positive staining with CD68 on day 3. On day 28, they acquired elongated/spindle shape combined with intense staining of VIM but absence of CD68, GFAP, á-SM actin and CK, and became the primary constituent of fibrocellular membranes.CONCLUSIONS: Macrophages effectively and reproducibly induce the development of proliferative fibrocellular membranes in rats. In this PVR model, macrophages acquire fibroblast-like cell phenotype and contribute to fibrocellular membranes directly, suggesting that macrophages may be a cell origin of fibroblast-like cells involved in PVR.
|
['Actins', 'Animals', 'Antigens, CD', 'Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic', 'Cell Transdifferentiation', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Fibroblasts', 'Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein', 'Intravitreal Injections', 'Keratins', 'Macrophages, Peritoneal', 'Phenotype', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Vimentin', 'Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative']
| 21,051,916
|
[['D05.750.078.730.250', 'D12.776.210.500.100', 'D12.776.220.525.255'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['D23.050.301.264.900', 'D23.101.100.900'], ['G04.356'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['A11.329.228'], ['D05.750.078.593.400', 'D12.776.220.475.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.475.500'], ['D05.750.078.593.450', 'D12.776.220.475.450', 'D12.776.860.607'], ['A11.329.372.630', 'A11.627.482.630', 'A11.733.397.630', 'A15.382.670.522.630', 'A15.382.680.397.630'], ['G05.695'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D05.750.078.593.900', 'D12.776.220.475.900'], ['C11.768.890']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Neural dissociation of delay and uncertainty in intertemporal choice.
|
Decision makers often face choices whose consequences unfold over time. To explore the neural basis of such intertemporal choice behavior, we devised a novel two-alternative choice task with probabilistic reward delivery and contrasted two conditions that differed only in whether the outcome was revealed immediately or after some delay. In the immediate condition, we simply varied the reward probability of each option and the outcome was revealed immediately. In the delay condition, the outcome was revealed after a delay during which the reward probability was governed by a constant hazard rate. Functional imaging revealed a set of brain regions, such as the posterior cingulate cortex, parahippocampal gyri, and frontal pole, that exhibited activity uniquely associated with the temporal aspects of the task. This engagement of the so-called "default network" suggests that during intertemporal choice, decision makers simulate the impending delay via a process of prospection.
|
['Adult', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Brain', 'Brain Mapping', 'Choice Behavior', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Individuality', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Oxygen', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Probability', 'Reward', 'Risk-Taking', 'Time Factors', 'Young Adult']
| 19,118,180
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['F02.463.785.373.346'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['F01.752.488'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['E05.723.729'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['F02.463.425.770.836'], ['F01.145.722'], ['G01.910.857'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of mineralocorticoids on the paradoxical glucose-induced hyperkalemia in nondiabetic patients with selective hypoaldosteronism.
|
Intravenous infusion of hypertonic glucose induced a transitory paradoxical serum potassium elevation in 3 nondiabetic patients with selective hypoaldosteronism. The abnormal serum potassium response developed in spite of a normal insulin release and was abolished by pharmacological doses of mineralocorticoids in two. It is apparent that in certain patients with aldosterone deficiency normal insulin production alone cannot reverse completely the hyperosmolality-induced transfer of potassium from the intracellular to the extracellular fluid.
|
['Aldosterone', 'Blood Glucose', 'Glomerulonephritis', 'Glucose', 'Humans', 'Hyperkalemia', 'Insulin', 'Mineralocorticoids', 'Potassium', 'Time Factors']
| 918,352
|
[['D04.210.500.745.745.654.062', 'D06.472.040.585.353.118'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['C12.777.419.570.363', 'C13.351.968.419.570.363'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.950.396'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.673'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Selenium suppresses the activation of transcription factor NF-kappa B and IRF3 induced by TLR3 or TLR4 agonists.
|
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in recognition of microbial components and induce innate immune responses by recognizing invading microbial pathogens leading to the activation of the adaptive immune responses. The microbial components trigger the activation of two downstream signaling pathways of TLRs; MyD88- and TRIF-dependent pathways leading to the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and type I interferons (IFNs). The MyD88- and TRIF-dependent pathways lead to the activation of NF-kappa B and IRF3 through the activation of IKK-beta and TBK1, respectively. Selenium is an essential trace element nutrient possessing anticarcinogenic properties. Here, we attempted to identify the molecular targets of selenium in TLR signaling pathways. Selenium inhibited NF-kappaB activation induced by poly[I:C] (TLR3 agonist), LPS (TLR4 agonist) or overexpression of MyD88 or IKK-beta which is the key kinase of MyD88-dependent signaling pathway. Selenium inhibited IRF3 activation induced by poly[I:C], LPS or the overexpression of TRIF or TBK1. Selenium also suppressed the expression of COX-2 and iNOS and the endogenous IFN beta mRNA induced by poly[I:C] or LPS. Therefore, our results suggest that selenium can modulate both MyD88- and TRIF-dependent signaling pathways of TLRs leading to decreased inflammatory gene expression.
|
['Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport', 'Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Interferon Regulatory Factor-3', 'Mice', 'Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88', 'NF-kappa B', 'Selenium', 'Signal Transduction', 'Toll-Like Receptor 3', 'Toll-Like Receptor 4']
| 18,279,804
|
[['D12.776.543.990.150'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.644.360.024.302.374', 'D12.776.157.057.050.374', 'D12.776.260.504.374', 'D12.776.476.024.385.374', 'D12.776.744.562', 'D12.776.930.332.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.644.360.024.311', 'D12.776.157.057.074', 'D12.776.476.024.390'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['D01.268.185.850', 'D01.578.700'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.910.500.300'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.910.500.400']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Oxidative stress-induced glucocorticoid resistance is prevented by dual PDE3/PDE4 inhibition in human alveolar macrophages.
|
BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress is present in airway diseases such as severe asthma or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and contributes to the low response to glucocorticoids through the down-regulation of histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity.OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of the phosphodiesterase (PDE)-3 and 4 inhibitors and their combination vs. glucocorticoids in a model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokine release in alveolar macrophages under oxidative stress conditions.METHODS: Differentiated U937 or human alveolar macrophages were stimulated with H(2) O(2) (10-1000 ìM) or cigarette smoke extract (CSE, 0-15%) for 4 h before LPS (0.5 ìg/mL, 24 h) addition. In other experiments, cells were pre-treated with dexamethasone or budesonide (10(-9) -10(-6) M), with the PDE4 inhibitor rolipram (10(-9) -10(-5) M), PDE3 inhibitor motapizone (10 ìM), 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate enhancer PGE(2) (10 nM), or with the combination of rolipram (10(-6) M)+PGE(2) (10 nM)+motapizone (10 ìM) 15 min before oxidants. IL-8 and TNF-á were measured by ELISA and HDAC activity by a colorimetric assay.RESULTS: Budesonide and dexamethasone produced a concentration-dependent inhibition of the LPS-induced IL-8 and TNF-á secretion with an E(max) about 90% of inhibition, which was reduced by approximately 30% in the presence of H(2)O(2) or CSE. Pre-treatment with rolipram, motapizone or PGE2 only reached about 20% of inhibition but was not affected by oxidative stress. In contrast, PDE4/PDE3 combination in presence of PGE2 effectively inhibited the LPS-induced cytokine secretion by about 90% and was not affected by oxidative stress. Combined PDE4 and PDE3 inhibition reversed glucocorticoid resistance under oxidative stress conditions. HDAC activity was reduced in the presence of oxidative stress, and in contrast to glucocorticoids, pre-treatment with PDE4/PDE3 combination was able to prevent HDAC inactivity.CONCLUSIONS & CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This study shows that the combination of the PDE3/PDE4 inhibitors prevents alveolar macrophage activation in those situations of glucocorticoid resistance, which may be of potential interest to develop new effective anti-inflammatory drugs in airway diseases.
|
['Aged', 'Budesonide', 'Dexamethasone', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'Glucocorticoids', 'Histone Deacetylases', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Interleukin-8', 'Macrophage Activation', 'Macrophages, Alveolar', 'Male', 'Oxidants', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Phosphodiesterase 3 Inhibitors', 'Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors', 'Pyridazines', 'Rolipram', 'Smoke', 'Tobacco', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 21,395,877
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.105'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.344', 'D04.210.500.908.238'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['D06.472.040.543', 'D27.505.696.399.472.488'], ['D08.811.277.087.520'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.120.800', 'D12.644.276.374.465.312', 'D12.776.467.374.200.120.800', 'D12.776.467.374.465.246', 'D23.125.300.120.800', 'D23.469.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.465.312'], ['G12.287.500'], ['A11.329.372.600', 'A11.627.482.600', 'A11.733.397.600', 'A15.382.670.522.600', 'A15.382.680.397.600'], ['D27.720.642', 'D27.888.569.540'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D27.505.519.389.735.249'], ['D27.505.519.389.735.374'], ['D03.383.710'], ['D03.383.773.812.785'], ['D20.633.937'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.900'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Parental Distress and Quality of Life in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Implications for the Outpatient Clinic.
|
OBJECTIVES: The interrelation between the course of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in children and parent's distress, and the subsequent impact this may have on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of the child is unclear. Therefore, we investigated patient's HRQOL and parental distress and the association between the course of IBD, parental distress, and HRQOL of pediatric patients with IBD.METHODS: Pediatric patients with IBD (8-18 years) and parents were invited. Patients completed the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, and parents the Distress Thermometer for Parents, simultaneously. Disease course was expressed as current clinical disease activity or months since last IBD flare. Patient's HRQOL and parental distress were compared to healthy controls.RESULTS: In total, 87 patients (71% response rate, 59% boys, median age 15.2 years) and parents were included. Patients had an impaired total HRQOL (â = 0.125, P = 0.010), driven by lower physical (0.196, P = 0.001) and school (â = 0.232, P < 0.001) functioning. Parents of children with IBD exhibited comparable levels of distress to parents of healthy children on the total problem and most subdomain problem scores (practical, social, emotional, physical, and cognitive), yet experienced more frequent parenting problems (P = 0.025). More severe disease course (months since last IBD flare) was indirectly associated, through parental distress, with decreased HRQOL of patients.CONCLUSIONS: Worse disease course is directly associated with increased distress of parents and indirectly with lower HRQOL of children and adolescents with IBD. Distress of parents may be considered in management of pediatric IBD to improve HRQOL of children.
|
['Adolescent', 'Ambulatory Care Facilities', 'Child', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Inflammatory Bowel Diseases', 'Male', 'Parents', 'Quality of Life', 'Stress, Psychological']
| 28,953,528
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['N02.278.035'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.405.205.731', 'C06.405.469.432'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Transforming growth factor-beta2 mRNA level in unloaded bone analyzed by quantitative in situ hybridization.
|
The effects of tail suspension hypokinesia on the gene expression for TGF-beta2 at different sites within bone were evaluated. TGF-beta2 mRNA signal levels were determined quantitatively by an image analysis system. The osteopenia induced by tail suspension was verified by histomorphometry. In the periosteum of nonsuspended control rats, TGF-beta2 mRNA was highly expressed in the preosteoblasts and osteoblast-rich cambial layers; very little signal was present within the middle and outer fibroblastic layers. Gene expression was significantly reduced in suspended rats, and this was evident both in terms of the number of silver grains in unit area or length of tissue and in each osteoblast and preosteoblast. Hypokinesia also reduced the expression of TGF-beta2 mRNA level in cortical and trabecular bone osteocytes, but did not adversely affect the mRNA level in chondrocytes in growth plate. The results affirm the site-specific response of TGF-beta2 gene expression in rats, and suggest that the cortical and trabecular bone osteopenia associated with hypokinesia in rats may be associated with a deficit in osteoblastic and osteocytic TGF-beta2 level.
|
['Animals', 'Body Weight', 'Bone Diseases, Metabolic', 'Femur', 'Hindlimb Suspension', 'Humerus', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'In Situ Hybridization', 'Osteoblasts', 'Periosteum', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Signal Transduction', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta']
| 10,341,025
|
[['B01.050'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['C05.116.198', 'C18.452.104'], ['A02.835.232.043.150'], ['E05.472.760.370', 'E05.977.400', 'N06.230.150.440.950.400'], ['A02.835.232.087.090.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325', 'E05.393.661.475'], ['A11.329.629'], ['A10.165.265.746'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.644.276.374.687', 'D12.644.276.954.775', 'D12.776.467.374.687', 'D12.776.467.942.775', 'D23.529.374.687', 'D23.529.942.775']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
In-Hospital Outcomes After Transcatheter Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in Octogenarians.
|
Background Octogenarians have low physiologic reserve and may benefit more from transcatheter aortic valve replacement ( TAVR ) than surgical aortic valve replacement ( SAVR ). Methods and Results This retrospective cohort study based on the National Inpatient Sample included octogenarians who underwent TAVR or SAVR from 2012 to 2015. Crude and standardized-morbidity-ratio-weighted regression models were used to compare in-hospital outcomes. Among 19 145 TAVR and 9815 SAVR hospitalizations, TAVR patients had higher Charlson Comorbidity Index ( CCI ) scores (2.0 versus 0.8, P<0.0001) than SAVR patients. Before weighting, TAVR was associated with significantly shorter length of stay, more home discharges, and lower incidences of acute kidney injury, bleeding, and cardiogenic shock. Associations were consistent across Charlson Comorbidity Index, except for TAVR being associated with greater length of stay reductions among patients with Charlson Comorbidity Index ?2, compared with Charlson Comorbidity Index <2 (change in estimate -3.56 versus -2.61 days, P=0.004). After weighting, TAVR patients had significantly shorter length of stay (change in estimate -3.29 days, 95% CI -3.82, -2.75) and lower odds of transfer to skilled nursing facility (odds ratio 0.34, 95% CI 0.29, 0.41), acute kidney injury (odds ratio 0.55, 95% CI 0.45, 0.68), bleeding (odds ratio 0.44, 95% CI 0.37, 0.53), and cardiogenic shock (odds ratio 0.55, 95% CI 0.33, 0.92), compared with SAVR patients. Odds of permanent pacemaker implantation, transient ischemic attack/stroke, vascular complications, and in-hospital mortality were not significantly different. Conclusions TAVR may be preferred over SAVR in high-risk octogenarians because of shorter length of stay, better discharge disposition, and less acute kidney injury, and bleeding. All octogenarians may benefit more from TAVR , irrespective of comorbidity burden, but additional research is needed to confirm our findings.
|
['Aged, 80 and over', 'Aortic Valve', 'Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Heart Valve Diseases', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Survival Rate', 'Time Factors', 'Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement', 'Treatment Outcome', 'United States']
| 30,663,494
|
[['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A07.541.510.110'], ['E04.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C14.280.484'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.400', 'N01.224.935.698.400', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.400', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E04.100.376.485.500', 'E04.650.410.500', 'E04.928.220.410.500'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Perception, production, and imitation of time ratios by skilled musicians.
|
We have described our exploration of the judgment, production, and imitation of fractions of a beat by skilled musicians, illustrating our findings with data from violinist and conductor Paul Zukofsky. For small fractions we found systematic and substantial errors. In the judgment task small stimulus fractions are associated with names that are too large (overestimation). In both production and imitation tasks the fractions produced were too large (overproduction, overimitation). A summary of our findings and of the expectations they violate is provided in Figure 7. The temporal patterns we used are perhaps the simplest that qualify as rhythms, incorporating just a beat interval and a fraction. The phenomena we discovered in relation to these simple patterns, and their implications for underlying mechanisms, must be considered in attempts to understand the perception and production of more complex rhythms, as in actual music. We explored and rejected several plausible explanations for the overestimation and overproduction of small fractions. Although we have as yet no satisfactory explanations of the errors themselves, relations among the errors have powerful implications for human timing mechanisms. The relation between the errors in judgment and production requires us to reject a feedback model of production, in which a subject uses the same processes as in the judgment task to evaluate and adjust his performance in the production task. An explanation of the inconsistency between judgment and production seems most likely to lie in a change in time perception induced by the production task. Together with the existence of systematic errors in judgment, the equality of the errors in production and imitation argues that imitation is not accomplished by concatenating all the processes used in judgment and production. Our results are instead consistent with a model containing four internal transformation processes, in which judgment and production share no process, but do involve the same internal-fraction representation, and in which imitation shares one process with judgment and another with production.
|
['Discrimination Learning', 'Feedback', 'Humans', 'Imitative Behavior', 'Music', 'Psychoacoustics', 'Time Perception']
| 6,588,806
|
[['F02.463.425.280'], ['L01.906.394.211'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.510'], ['K01.602'], ['E01.370.382.375.060.530', 'E01.370.685.628', 'F04.096.753.628'], ['F02.463.593.857']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Burden and Prevention of HPV. Knowledge, Practices and Attitude Assessment Among Pre-Adolescents and their Parents in Italy.
|
Despite infections due to HPV nowadays represent the most common sexually transmitted diseases worldwide with recognized effective and safe preventive strategies, knowledge, attitudes; however, awareness on HPV is considerably low. The present study has two main objectives: 1. To conduct a literature review to analyze the evolution of preventive tools, the complexity of the vaccine choice process, and the challenges posed by HPV vaccine hesitancy and refusal among pre-adolescents and their parents; 2. To assess knowledge, practices and attitudes toward HPV infection and vaccination in a sample of Italian pre-adolescents and their parents. The observational study was carried out through the use of two anonymous and self-administered pre- and postintervention questionnaires dedicated to the target populations. Between the administrations of the pre- and postintervention questionnaires, an educational intervention on HPV infection and related diseases, and prevention strategies was conducted. All participants demonstrated suboptimal knowledge and positive attitudes in the preintervention questionnaire. Higher levels of knowledge and attitudes were observed among pre-adolescents thatused social networks and had heard of sexually transmitted diseases at home/school/physician and from parents and also who had heard of HPV from General Practitioners, Gynecologists, family members and newspapers. A significant increase in HPV vaccination awareness was observed among pre-adolescents after the educational sessions. Health education programs aimed at increasing knowledge, attitudes and awareness on HPV are needed to implement the outcomes of HPV immunization programs, especially if supported by the physicians involved in counselling and recommendation processes.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Child', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Italy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Papillomavirus Infections', 'Papillomavirus Vaccines', 'Parents', 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Vaccination']
| 31,942,852
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.925.256.650', 'C01.925.928.725'], ['D20.215.894.899.498'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['F01.100.150.750.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Quality of anticoagulation therapy in neurological patients in a tertiary care hospital in north India.
|
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: There is paucity of studies on the quality of anticoagulation in neurological patients from India. This study evaluates the quality of oral anticoagulation therapy in neurology patients.METHODS: Consecutive patients attending a tertiary care neurology service in north India who were prescribed oral anticoagulant (OAC), were included. Their international normalized ratio (INR) values were prospectively monitored and the earlier INR values of the patients who were already on OAC were retrospectively analyzed. The patients with multi-organ dysfunction, pregnancy and those below 18 yr of age were excluded. The therapeutic INR range was defined as per standard recommendations. The level of anticoagulation, factors interfering with OAC and complications were noted.RESULTS: The results were based on 77 patients with median age 40 yr. Fifty one patients received OAC for secondary stroke prevention, 23 for cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) and three for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). A total 167.9 person-years of follow up was done with a median of 1.2 (0.3-9.3) years. of the 1287 INR reports, 505 (39.3%) reports were in the therapeutic range, 496 (38.5%) were below and 282 (21.91%) were above the therapeutic level. Stable INR was obtained in 33 (42.86%) patients only. INR level was improved by dose adjustment in 20 (26%), drug modification in two (2.6%), and dietary adjustment in six (7.8%) patients. Three patients were sensitive and five were resistant to OAC. Complications were noted in 28 instances; thromboembolic in 16 and haemorrhagic stroke in 12. The overall complication rate was 16.7 per 100 person-years.INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS: It may be concluded that stable therapeutic INR is difficult to maintain in neurological patients. Optimal modification of diet, drug and dose of oral anticoagulant may help in stabilization of INR.
|
['Acenocoumarol', 'Administration, Oral', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Anticoagulants', 'Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions', 'Female', 'Humans', 'India', 'International Normalized Ratio', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pregnancy', 'Stroke', 'Tertiary Care Centers', 'Venous Thrombosis']
| 27,377,498
|
[['D03.383.663.283.446.520.079', 'D03.633.100.150.446.520.079'], ['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.502.119'], ['C25.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['E01.370.225.625.115.320', 'E05.200.625.115.320'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['N02.278.421.830'], ['C14.907.355.830.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Impaired dacarbazine activation and 7-ethoxyresorufin deethylation in vitro by polymorphic variants of CYP1A1 and CYP1A2: implications for cancer therapy.
|
OBJECTIVES: To extend our understanding of how interindividual variability mediates the efficacy of cancer treatment.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The kinetics of dacarbazine (DTIC) N-demethylation by the most frequent polymorphic variants of CYP1A1 (T461N, I462V) and CYP1A2 (F186L, D348N, I386F, R431W, R456H) were characterized, along with kinetic parameters for the O-deethylation of the prototypic CYP1A substrate 7-ethoxyresorufin, using recombinant protein expression and high-performance liquid chromatographic techniques.RESULTS: A reduction of ?30% in the catalytic efficiencies (measured as in-vitro intrinsic clearance, CLint) was observed for DTIC N-demethylation by the two CYP1A1 variants relative to wild type. Although a modest increase in the CLint value for DTIC N-demethylation was observed for the CYP1A2 D348N variant relative to the wild type, the CLint for the F186L variant was reduced and the I386F, R431W, and R456H variants all showed loss of catalytic function.CONCLUSION: Comparison of the kinetic data for DTIC N-demethylation and 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation indicated that alterations in the kinetic parameters (Km, Vmax, CLint) observed with each of the CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 polymorphic variants were substrate dependent. These data indicate that cancer patients treated with DTIC who possess any of the CYP1A1-T461N and I462V variants or the CYP1A2-F186L, D348N, I386F, R431W, and R456H variants are likely to have decreased prodrug activation, and hence may respond less favorably to DTIC treatment compared with individuals with wild-type CYP1A alleles.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating', 'Catalysis', 'Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1', 'Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2', 'Dacarbazine', 'Humans', 'Neoplasms', 'Oxazines', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Prodrugs', 'Substrate Specificity']
| 27,428,168
|
[['D27.505.519.124.035', 'D27.505.954.248.150', 'D27.888.569.035.035'], ['G02.130'], ['D08.244.453.005.332', 'D08.244.453.100.500', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.010.277', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.020.500', 'D12.776.422.220.453.010.332', 'D12.776.422.220.453.100.500'], ['D08.244.453.005.443', 'D08.244.453.100.750', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.010.443', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.020.750', 'D12.776.422.220.453.010.443', 'D12.776.422.220.453.100.750'], ['D02.925.200', 'D03.383.129.308.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04'], ['D03.383.533'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['D26.675'], ['G02.111.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Perspectives for dermatology in the 21st century].
|
During the last decades dermatology has been profoundly transformed from its descriptive origin into an important part of modern medicine and biosciences. Areas of interest and expertise in the future will likely be focused on major topics on clinical dermatology (psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, skin infections including those sexually transmitted), dermatologic oncology (squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma), gene technology in biopharmacy and dermatopharmacology, and also the areas dealing with the aging of the skin and its appendages (dermatologic endocrinology, cosmetic dermatology). Increasing knowledge in dermatology is not only relevant for treating skin disease but also for helping our patients to maintain healthy and appealing skin, thus improving their requirements for beautification and their quality of life. While this is an important aim, it should not become our main task. Overall, the perspectives for dermatology are promising; in the end, its further development will depend on how modern societies will recognize its significance and reward its efforts.
|
['Dermatology', 'Esthetics', 'Forecasting', 'Germany', 'Health Promotion', 'Humans', 'Patient Care Team', 'Skin Aging']
| 12,207,263
|
[['H02.403.225'], ['F02.463.785.477', 'K01.752.210'], ['I01.320'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['I02.233.332.445', 'N02.421.726.407.579'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N04.590.715'], ['G13.750.804']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Translational Research--a new entity?
|
The term 'Translational Research' has been increasingly used during the past decade. Julie Denekamp defines the term as 'involved with the detailed assessment of the factors influencing tumour specificity of action in order to achieve the successful implementation of a laboratory concept into a clinical protocol'. Translational research needs laboratory and clinical research units with dedicated staff who can work together. Only the careful planning and performance of clinical trials gathering all the data that may relate to the response of tumour and to that of normal tissues will allow advances in knowledge and lead to improvement in the care of patients with cancer.
|
['Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Evidence-Based Medicine', 'History, 20th Century', 'Humans', 'Interprofessional Relations', 'Medical Oncology', 'Neoplasms', 'Research Design']
| 11,845,966
|
[['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['H02.249.750', 'H02.403.200.400'], ['K01.400.504.968'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401.205'], ['H02.403.429.515'], ['C04'], ['E05.581.500', 'H01.770.644.728']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Marine sterols. VIII. Isolation and structure of sarcosterol, a new sterol with a delta17(20)-double bond from the soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum.
|
The sterol mixture of the southern Japan's soft coral, Sarcophyton glaucum, was found to contain 11 sterols including a novel sterol, 23,24 xi-dimethylcholesta-5,22-dien-3 beta-ol and a new diunsaturated C29 sterol. 22,23-Dihydrobrassicasterol and gorgosterol were the major components in free- and esterified sterols respectively. Brassicasterol was found in S. glaucum, in contrast to the ubiquity of 24-epibrassicasterol in the marine invertebrates in the northern districts. The new sterol (sarcosterol) was isolated; its structure as 23 xi, 24 xi-dimethylcholesta-5, 17(20)-trans-dien-3 beta-ol was based on spectra evidence and comparison with cholesta-5, 17(20)-trans-dien-3 beta-ol.
|
['Animals', 'Cholestadienols', 'Cholesterol', 'Cnidaria', 'Dehydrocholesterols', 'Phytosterols', 'Sterols']
| 40,330
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Some factors affecting the expression of Epstein-Barr virus-associated membrane antigens.
|
The effect of two factors, L-arginine concentration and phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation, on the expression of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated membrane antigens (MA) was evaluated. An EBV-producer cell line, AV-1, was cultivated in Eagle's basal medium with Earle's salts, supplemented with various L-arginine concentrations ranging from 0.0 to 20.0 mM. In most of the L-arginine concentrations, the number of cells expressing MA decreased within the first 24 hours. This decrease was followed by a marked increase in MA-positive cells at 48 hours and a slight decrease between 48 and 72 hours. Statistical evaluation, however, revealed no significant differences in the level of MA expression among cells exposed to the various L-arginine concentrations. These findings were discussed in relation to the cell cycle dependence of L-arginine-deficient media as a virus-activating agent. AV-1 cell cultures were treated with PHA and observed at 24-hour intervals for 72 hours. Within the first 24 hours, the percentage of cells showing MA was markedly increased. This was followed by a rapid decline in percentage of MA-positive cells within the next 24 hours. Treatment of an EBV-nonproducer cell line, NC37, with PHA resulted in the production of MA in approximately 11% of the cells within the first 24 hours. The number of MA-positive cells gradually declined over the next 48 hours. No viral capsid antigens were detected in these cells. The data suggested either complete or partial activation of the latent EBV genome by PHA.
|
['Antigens, Viral', 'Arginine', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Membrane', 'Cell Transformation, Neoplastic', 'DNA, Neoplasm', 'Herpesvirus 4, Human', 'Lectins', 'Time Factors']
| 198,561
|
[['D23.050.327'], ['D12.125.068.050', 'D12.125.095.104', 'D12.125.142.087'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.284.149'], ['C04.697.098.500', 'C23.550.727.098.500'], ['D13.444.308.425'], ['B04.280.210.400.500.450', 'B04.280.382.400.500.400', 'B04.613.204.500.500.400'], ['D12.776.503'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The involuntary nature of binge drinking: goal directedness and awareness of intention.
|
Binge drinking represents a public health issue and is a known risk factor in the development of alcohol use disorders. Previous studies have shown behavioural as well as neuroanatomical alterations associated with binge drinking. Here, we address the question of the automaticity or involuntary nature of the behaviour by assessing goal-directed behaviour and intentionality. In this study, we used a computational two-step task, designed to discern between model-based/goal-directed and model-free/habitual behaviours, and the classic Libet clock task, to study intention awareness, in a sample of 31 severe binge drinkers (BD) and 35 matched healthy volunteers. We observed that BD had impaired goal-directed behaviour in the two-step task compared with healthy volunteers. In the Libet clock task, BD showed delayed intention awareness. Further, we demonstrated that alcohol use severity, as reflected by the alcohol use disorders identification test, correlated with decreased conscious awareness of volitional intention in BD, although it was unrelated to performance on the two-step task. However, the time elapsed since the last drinking binge influenced the model-free scores, with BD showing less habitual behaviour after longer abstinence. Our findings suggest that the implementation of goal-directed strategies and the awareness of volitional intention are affected in current heavy alcohol users. However, the modulation of these impairments by alcohol use severity and abstinence suggests a state effect of alcohol use in these measures and that top-down volitional control might be ameliorated with alcohol use cessation.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Alcoholism', 'Awareness', 'Binge Drinking', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Goals', 'Humans', 'Intention', 'Male', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Young Adult']
| 28,419,776
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C25.775.100.250', 'F03.900.100.350'], ['F02.463.188.150'], ['C25.775.100.437', 'F01.145.317.269.500', 'F03.900.100.550'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['F01.658.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.658.650', 'F02.463.306'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Differential gene expression in response to mechanical wounding and insect feeding in Arabidopsis.
|
Wounding in multicellular eukaryotes results in marked changes in gene expression that contribute to tissue defense and repair. Using a cDNA microarray technique, we analyzed the timing, dynamics, and regulation of the expression of 150 genes in mechanically wounded leaves of Arabidopsis. Temporal accumulation of a group of transcripts was correlated with the appearance of oxylipin signals of the jasmonate family. Analysis of the coronatine-insensitive coi1-1 Arabidopsis mutant that is also insensitive to jasmonate allowed us to identify a large number of COI1-dependent and COI1-independent wound-inducible genes. Water stress was found to contribute to the regulation of an unexpectedly large fraction of these genes. Comparing the results of mechanical wounding with damage by feeding larvae of the cabbage butterfly (Pieris rapae) resulted in very different transcript profiles. One gene was specifically induced by insect feeding but not by wounding; moreover, there was a relative lack of water stress-induced gene expression during insect feeding. These results help reveal a feeding strategy of P. rapae that may minimize the activation of a subset of water stress-inducible, defense-related genes.
|
['Animals', 'Arabidopsis', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Insecta', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Signal Transduction']
| 10,810,145
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.100'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['G05.308.375'], ['B01.050.500.131.617'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Chromosome mapping of the S-b locus for F1 pollen sterility in cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) with RAPD markers].
|
S-b is one locus for F1 pollen sterility in cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.), and the genotype of Taichung 65 (abridged as T65) is Sj/Sj, while its isogenic line, TISL2 is Si/Si at this locus. The results of pollen fertility analysis showed that the pollen of T65 and TISL2 were fertile, but the F1 plant from T65 x TISL2 produced only 40.6% fertile pollens, and the type of sterile pollen was stainable abortive. In F2 population from the cross T65 x TISL2 and BC1F1 population from the cross T65/TISL2/T65, the individuals could be classified into plants with normal pollens and plants with semi-sterile pollens, and the ratio of number of these two types of plants agreed well with the Mendel segregation ratio in 1:1. A total of 53 fertile F2 plants were testcrossed with T65, and all of them showed sterility F1 pollen in. These results demonstrate that the F1 pollen sterility is controlled by a single gene locus S-b, and the allelic interaction of S-bi and S-bj causes the pollen carrying S-bj allele abortive. A total of 187 RFLP markers and 500 RAPD primers were used to screen the polymorphism between T65 and TISL2; only H08-1300 and Y09-1500, two bands amplified by RAPD primer H08 and Y09 were found to be polymorphic. Purified H08-1300 and Y09-1500 were used as probe to hybridize with DNAs from T65 and TISL2, and the results indicated that H08-1300 and Y09-1500 appeared to be single copy in the T65 and TISL2 genome, then the RAPD marker were successfully converted into RFLP marker. The two markers were then used to perform segregation analysis, the results from co-segregation analysis of the genotypes of these two markers and the phenotypes of pollen fertility with F2 population indicated that the S-b was linked to H08-1300 and Y09-1500, and the genetic distances between each marker and the locus were 1.3 cM and 6.6 cM, respectively. To determine the chromosomal position of the S-b locus, H08-1300 was cloned and its two ends were partially sequenced. The homologous comparative analysis of these sequences with published rice sequences with BLAST was performed, and 540 bp of left end sequence of H08-1300 showed 86% homologous with the sequence of rice PAC clone P0033D06 (Accession No. AC079357), and 94% homologies of 101 bp at right end were also observed. Clone P0033D06 had been anchored by RFLP markers R3166 that was located on 18.8 cM position of rice chromosome 5 by Japan Rice Genome Program, which suggested that the S-b locus was mapped on chromosome 5 and tightly linked with R3166. The gene mapping result from this study suggests that using the rice genomic sequences published to determine the chromosome position of RAPD marker, as well as linked genes, would be a useful approach in tagging new genes.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA, Plant', 'Fertility', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Oryza', 'Pollen', 'Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA']
| 12,200,861
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.183'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308.435'], ['G08.686.210'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.616'], ['A18.024.249.500.249.500'], ['E05.393.620.500.687', 'E05.601.700'], ['E05.393.760.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of physical fitness and endurance exercise on indirect biomarkers of recombinant erythropoietin misuse.
|
Erythropoietin (EPO) and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) in serum have been proposed as indirect biomarkers for the detection of recombinant human EPO (rhEPO) misuse in sport. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of different levels of physical fitness, sport, different training workload during the sport season, and endurance exercise in the concentrations of these serum biomarkers for their application into mathematical models to indirectly detect rhEPO misuse. Serum EPO and sTfR concentrations were measured in 96 elite athletes of various sports along the sport season, in 21 recreational athletes at baseline (non exercising) conditions and in 129 other recreational athletes before and after long-distance races (10 and 21 km). In elite athletes, hemoglobin concentrations and percentage of reticulocytes were also measured, and indirect detection models applied. In recreational athletes, for EPO and sTfR, significant differences were only observed after the 21-km race. In baseline conditions, no differences were observed between recreational and elite athletes for EPO and sTfR. In elite athletes, individual EPO and sTfR concentrations slightly changed over the sport season, with coefficients of variation (CV) of 26.1 % and 9.0 %, respectively. Hemoglobin and reticulocytes were influenced by sport, but their individual variation over the sport season was not physiologically relevant (CV of 3.7 % and 21.3 %, respectively). When applying mathematical models for detection of rhEPO administration, only one elite athlete obtained an individual model score above the established thresholds. Physical fitness, sport and different training workload during the sport season had no substantial effect on serum EPO and sTfR concentrations, except in recreational athletes after a 21-km race. Variations observed in mathematical models to detect EPO administration were mainly due to fluctuation in hemoglobin concentrations, commonly observed in elite athletes.
|
['Adult', 'Biomarkers', 'Doping in Sports', 'Erythropoietin', 'Female', 'Hemoglobins', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Models, Biological', 'Physical Endurance', 'Physical Fitness', 'Receptors, Transferrin', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Reticulocytes', 'Substance Abuse Detection']
| 16,804,802
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D23.101'], ['I01.880.735.265'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.240.150', 'D12.776.395.240.150', 'D12.776.467.374.410.240.150', 'D23.529.374.410.240.150'], ['D12.776.124.400', 'D12.776.422.316.762'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G11.427.680', 'I03.450.642.845.054.600'], ['G11.427.685', 'I03.450.642.845.054.800', 'N01.400.545'], ['D12.776.157.905.500', 'D12.776.543.750.800'], ['D12.776.828'], ['A11.118.290.760', 'A11.148.790', 'A11.443.240.665', 'A15.145.229.334.760', 'A15.378.316.790'], ['E05.885', 'N06.850.780.500.765']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Utilization of greenhouse gases through dry reforming: screening of nickel-based bimetallic catalysts and kinetic studies.
|
A series of bimetallic catalysts containing nickel supported over MgO-ZrO2 were tested for activity in the dry reforming of carbon dioxide. A nickel-cobalt bimetallic catalyst gave the best performance in terms of conversion and coke resistance from a range of Ni-X bimetallic catalysts, X=Ca, K, Ba, La, and Ce. The nitrogen-adsorption and hydrogen-chemisorption studies showed the Ni-Co bimetallic supported catalyst to have good surface area with high metal dispersion. This contributed to the high catalytic activity, in terms of conversion activity and stability of the catalyst, at an equimolar methane/carbon dioxide feed ratio. The kinetics of methane dry reforming are studied in a fixed-bed reactor over an Ni-Co bimetallic catalyst in the temperature range 700-800 °C by varying the partial pressures of CH4 and CO2. The experimental data were analyzed based on the proposed reaction mechanism using the Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model. The activation energies for methane and carbon dioxide consumption were estimated at 52.9 and 48.1 kJ mol(-1), respectively. The lower value of CO2 activation energy compared to the activation energy of CH4 indicated a higher reaction rate of CO2, which owes to the strong basicity of nanocrystalline support, MgO-ZrO2.
|
['Carbon Dioxide', 'Catalysis', 'Cobalt', 'Greenhouse Effect', 'Hot Temperature', 'Kinetics', 'Magnesium Oxide', 'Methane', 'Models, Chemical', 'Nickel', 'Zirconium']
| 22,191,096
|
[['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['G02.130'], ['D01.268.556.185', 'D01.268.956.155', 'D01.552.544.185'], ['G16.500.175.827', 'N06.230.265'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D01.524.490', 'D01.650.550.575'], ['D02.455.326.146.571'], ['E05.599.495'], ['D01.268.556.607', 'D01.268.956.625', 'D01.552.544.607'], ['D01.268.556.950', 'D01.268.956.937', 'D01.552.544.950']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Improving compliance with therapeutic regimens in hypertensive patients in a community health center.
|
A 1-year, randomized study was conducted to test the possibility of improving compliance with therapeutic regimens in hypertensives by means of certain simple arrangements. Patients were given written treatment instructions concerning hypertension, a personal blood-pressure follow-up card, and, for those who failed to attend their blood-pressure check-up, an invitation for a new check-up. Using matched pairs, 202 Finnish hypertensives were randomly allocated either to an ordinary or a reorganized treatment group. By means of the latter system, patient compliance could be significantly (p less than 0.01) improved: Only 4% of the patients in this group dropped out of treatment, compared with 19% in the ordinary treatment group. By the end of the year, blood pressure had been lowered by at least 10% in 95% of the patients in the reorganized group and in 78% of those in the ordinary group (p less than 0.01). This was achieved in approximately 60% of cases using chlorthalidone alone.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Pressure', 'Chlorthalidone', 'Community Health Services', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Compliance']
| 761,334
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sex effect in mouse and human prion disease.
|
Sex effect on the incubation period of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) disease in human and ME-7 murine models was investigated. In the 167 vCJD cases reported in the United Kingdom as of January 2009, age at onset was significantly lower in female patients (by 2 years) than in male patients after stratification on birth cohort. In C57/Bl6N mice infected with ME-7 scrapie strain, incubation was shorter in female than in male mice. The incubation period increased in castrated male mice after intraperitoneal infection but not after intracerebral inoculation. In the absence of androgen receptors, the incubation period for prion disease increased after intraperitoneal inoculation. In ovariectomized or estrogen receptor alpha-defective female mice, no effect was observed on the incubation period of mouse prion disease. These results show that androgens influence the prion diseases incubation period after inoculation at a peripheral site.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Androgens', 'Animals', 'Castration', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infectious Disease Incubation Period', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Prion Diseases', 'Prion Proteins', 'Prions', 'Sex Factors']
| 20,594,106
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.161'], ['B01.050'], ['E04.270.282', 'E04.950.165'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.850.335.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['C01.207.800', 'C10.228.228.800', 'C10.574.843'], ['D12.776.395.550.448.600', 'D12.776.543.484.500.625', 'D12.776.543.550.418.600', 'D12.776.785.340'], ['D12.776.785'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Renal hemodynamics and pharmacokinetics of bosentan with and without cyclosporine A.
|
UNLABELLED: Renal hemodynamics and pharmacokinetics of bosentan with and without cyclosporine A.BACKGROUND: Endothelins may play an important role in cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced renal vasoconstriction. Therefore, the effects of a mixed endothelin A and B receptor antagonist, bosentan (BO), on CsA were studied.METHODS: BO was given either alone or combined with CsA to healthy subjects in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. Standardized renal hemodynamics took place after a single dose of BO or placebo and after seven days of regular intake of CsA + BO or CsA + placebo. CsA was administered as a dose-adjusted regimen to achieve predetermined target trough levels. A pharmacokinetic study of CsA and BO was performed.RESULTS: A single dose of BO did not affect renal hemodynamics. After seven days of coadministration with CsA, BO significantly attenuated both the overall CsA-induced fall of renal plasma flow (RPF; placebo, 594 +/- 85; CsA + placebo, 490 +/- 93; CsA + BO, 570 +/- 106* mL/min, *P < 0.01) and the maximal RPF fall (P < 0.01) observed five hours after CsA intake. The CsA-induced rise of blood pressure and the decrease of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were not influenced by comedication with BO. After seven days of CsA + BO, the area under the curve (AUC) of BO was nearly doubled compared with the AUC after a single dose of BO (P < 0.05). To reach the CsA target trough levels after seven days, the average CsA dose was increased by 35% when given with BO, as compared with placebo (P = 0.01). CsA exposure (trough levels, AUC) was not statistically different after CsA + placebo and after CsA + BO.CONCLUSIONS: Assuming CsA nephrotoxicity is mainly due to vasoconstriction, BO has the potential to attenuate the CsA renal toxicity by markedly blunting the renal hypoperfusion effect of CsA. A complex drug interaction between BO and CsA was observed.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Pressure', 'Bosentan', 'Cyclosporine', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Endothelin Receptor Antagonists', 'Humans', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Placebos', 'Reference Values', 'Sulfonamides']
| 10,620,203
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['D02.065.884.135', 'D02.886.590.700.143', 'D03.383.742.060'], ['D04.345.566.235.300', 'D12.644.641.235.300'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['D27.505.519.364'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453'], ['D26.660', 'E02.785'], ['E05.978.810'], ['D02.065.884', 'D02.886.590.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
MEFV heterogeneity in Turkish Familial Mediterranean Fever patients.
|
Turkey is one of the few countries in the world where Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF), an autoinflammatory disease caused by mutations in MEFV, the gene encoding pyrin, is not rare. Many interesting studies regarding the genetics of Familial Mediterranean Fever in Turkey have been already published. Despite that different MEFV genetic profiles have been revealed for Turkish FMF patients, deriving from different regions of Turkey, a systematic population genetics analysis has not been carried out yet. The present study aims to investigate the population genetics of MEFV in Turkish FMF patients so as to additionally facilitate the clinical interpretation of individualized genetic data. All relevant studies have been recruited by searching PubMed with the terms "MEFV", "FMF", and "Turkey". Seven of them, including 3,061 FMF patients, contained all necessary data concerning allelic and genotypic frequencies of the 4 commonest MEFV mutations in Turkey (M694V, V726A, M680I, E148Q). From all 6,122 MEFV alleles analyzed, the M694V mutation was recognized in 15.6-52.2% (mean 29.3%), the V726A in 1.5-9.7% (mean 4.8%), the M680I in 1.5-15.5% (mean 7.6%), and the E148Q in 3.2-13.9% (mean 5.5%). Unidentified mutations ranged from 0-42.9% (mean 16.8%). No mutations were found in 0-54.5% (mean 36.0%) of the patients. The allelic and genotypic frequencies of the most frequent mutation (M694V) showed aberration of the Hardy-Weinberg law for all 7 populations studied. By application of the Arlequin 2.0 population genetics software, the Fixation index (F ST) was found to be 0.09994, thus demonstrating that the observed variability is mainly within (90.006%) and not among (9.994%) populations (P < 0.00001). Moreover, the global test of differentiation demonstrated that every population differs from each other (P < 0.00325). Finally, the Ewens-Watterson test of selective neutrality yielded to statistical significance in only 3 populations. In conclusion, Turkish FMF patients are characterized by an increased genetic heterogeneity, explained by the intrapopulation differentiation. Thus, the regional origin should be regarded as a determining factor in the diagnosis of FMF in Turkish patients.
|
['Cytoskeletal Proteins', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Familial Mediterranean Fever', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genetic Heterogeneity', 'Genetics, Population', 'Humans', 'Pyrin', 'Turkey']
| 19,714,479
|
[['D12.776.220'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['C16.320.382.625'], ['G05.330'], ['G05.365.331'], ['H01.158.273.343.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.220.909', 'D12.776.934.750'], ['Z01.252.245.500.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Local transfer of hormones between blood vessels within the adrenal gland may explain the functional interaction between the adrenal cortex and medulla.
|
The adrenal cortex has a local stimulatory action on synthesis and secretion of adrenaline by the adrenal medulla. This interaction may be based on nervous transmission and/or on glucocorticoids secreted trom the cortex either exerting paracrine effects or reaching the medulla through the local vascular system. The existence of a dual capillary network, a portal system, now seems unlikely. However, a new concept is postulated: the high demand for glucocorticoids in the medulla may be met by local transfer to blood vessels within the adrenal gland, particularly the medullary arteries.
|
['Adrenal Cortex', 'Adrenal Glands', 'Adrenal Medulla', 'Animals', 'Capillaries', 'Epinephrine', 'Glucocorticoids', 'Hormones', 'Humans', 'Models, Biological']
| 7,476,591
|
[['A06.300.071.140'], ['A06.300.071'], ['A06.300.071.265'], ['B01.050'], ['A07.015.461.165'], ['D02.033.100.291.310', 'D02.092.063.291.310', 'D02.092.211.215.454', 'D02.092.311.461', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.461'], ['D06.472.040.543', 'D27.505.696.399.472.488'], ['D06.472', 'D27.505.696.399.472'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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The complete nucleotide sequence of the RNA coding for the primary translation product of foot and mouth disease virus.
|
The complete nucleotide sequence of the coding region of foot and mouth disease virus RNA (strain A1061) is presented. The sequence extends from the primary initiation site, approximately 1200 nucleotide from the 5' end of the genome, in an open translational reading frame of 6,999 nucleotides to a termination codon 93 nucleotides from the 3' terminal poly (A). Available amino acid sequence data correlates with that predicted from the nucleotide sequence. The amino acid sequence around cleavage sites in the polyprotein shows no consistency, although a number of the virus-coded protease cleavage sites are between glutamate and glycine residues.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Aphthovirus', 'Base Sequence', 'Codon', 'DNA Restriction Enzymes', 'DNA, Recombinant', 'Escherichia coli', 'Genes, Viral', 'Plasmids', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'RNA, Viral', 'Viral Proteins']
| 6,324,120
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B04.820.578.750.070'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D13.444.735.544.355', 'G05.360.335.355', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.190'], ['D08.811.150.280', 'D08.811.277.352.335.350.300', 'D08.811.277.352.355.325.300'], ['D13.444.308.460'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.875', 'G05.360.340.358.024.875', 'G05.360.340.358.840.500'], ['G05.360.600'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['D12.776.964']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Determinants of increasing serum POPs in a population at high risk for cardiovascular disease. Results from the PREDIMED-CANARIAS study.
|
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are well-known ubiquitous environmental chemicals which have been related to adverse health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate POPs burden, and its determinants, in a population at high risk of suffering CVD enrolled in the PREDIMED Study (Spanish acronym for PREvention by means of MEDiterranean Diet). This cohort was formed by 343 participants (55-80 y.o.), which were selected for a preventive nutritional intervention for CVD based on the Mediterranean Diet. Relevant information on demographic, behavioral, dietary, and socioeconomic characteristics was obtained from each participant through a specific questionnaire, and their anthropometric and clinical measurements were recorded. In addition, the levels of 35 POPs were determined in serum samples taken before the beginning of the nutritional intervention. All the samples showed detectable levels of, at least, one POP, being DDT-derivatives and marker-PCBs the most frequently detected compounds. Our results showed that people at high risk for CVD showed a higher level of contamination by POPs as compared to other studies done in cohorts of Western people at no special risk of CVD. Although educational level seems to be a relevant determinant for POPs burden in our population, the main determining factor seems to be the diet. Thus, while the intake of food of animal origin was significantly associated with levels of PCBs, especially in men, the intake of vegetal-origin food was positively related to levels of organochlorine pesticides, indicating a different dietary source for these two groups of chemicals. Our results showing that subjects at high risk for cardiovascular disease present elevated POPs burden might have a relevant public health impact given the generalized and difficult to avoid exposure to POPs and the elevated worldwide frequency of the CVD.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Diet, Mediterranean', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Environmental Pollutants', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Risk', 'Spain']
| 28,415,042
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C14'], ['E02.642.249.270', 'G07.203.650.240.270'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['D27.888.284'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['Z01.542.846']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Breast cancer risk reduction: Notable achievements and remaining challenges.
|
Millions of women in the United States are at increased risk of breast cancer. Multiple prospective, randomized clinical trials have demonstrated both the efficacy and safety of selective estrogen receptor modulators and aromatase inhibitors in reducing substantially the risk of invasive breast cancer in women at increased risk. Published tables are available to aid clinicians in shared decision-making regarding drug interventions with their patients who are at increased risk of breast cancer. Both professional and governmental agencies have advised that these interventions should be offered to women at increased risk of breast cancer. Doing so would reduce breast cancer morbidity substantially.
|
['Aromatase Inhibitors', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Risk Reduction Behavior', 'Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators', 'United States']
| 31,971,344
|
[['D27.505.519.389.870.300', 'D27.505.696.399.450.327.149', 'D27.505.696.399.450.855.300'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.699'], ['D06.347.360.827', 'D27.505.696.399.450.360.827'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Indoor Air Quality in Photocopy Centers, Nanoparticle Exposures at Photocopy Workstations, and the Need for Exposure Controls.
|
Background: Photocopiers emit large amounts of nanoparticles (NP) and are a significant source of indoor air pollution. These emissions induce airway inflammation, irritation, and systemic oxidative stress in humans, lung injury and inflammation in animals, and cytotoxicity and epigenetic modifications in vitro. However, little is known regarding NP exposures at the workstation in the photocopy work environment, or the extent and use of emission controls.Objective: To survey the photocopy work environment with regards to emissions controls and to evaluate IAQ with emphasis on NP exposure at the operator's workstation.Methods: Work process, physical characteristics of the centers, and use of controls were recorded. Particle total number concentration (TNC), temperature, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and percent relative humidity were measured during a random workday.Results: Geometric mean (GM) TNC at workstations ranged between 1900 and 23000 particles cm-3, GSD 1.2-2.8, and maximum of 217000 particles cm-3. Fresh air ventilation was found to be less than American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) guidelines in 7 of 15 centers. Only one center used any type of emissions control. Elevated TNC at workstations was significantly correlated with number of copies (r = 0.72). While indoor/outdoor TNC ratios might be expected to be ?1.0, the ratio here was >1.0 in 40% of centers visited, supporting the finding that copier emissions are a significant source of indoor air pollution. Number of copies per day was the most significant contributor to TNC.Conclusion: High NP concentrations at workstations were common and specific emission controls almost nonexistent. While 46% of copy centers had insufficient ventilation, high exposures were documented even for cases when ASHRAE ventilation guidelines per person were met or exceeded. We present various options to address IAQ in photocopy environment, including new clean photocopy technologies, engineering controls, and a comprehensive awareness campaign to improve the environmental health and safety, design, and operational conditions of these workplaces.
|
['Air Pollutants', 'Air Pollution, Indoor', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Carbon Monoxide', 'Copying Processes', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Humans', 'Inhalation Exposure', 'Nanoparticles', 'Occupational Exposure', 'Temperature', 'Workplace']
| 28,395,317
|
[['D27.888.284.101'], ['N06.850.460.100.080'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['D01.200.250', 'D01.362.200', 'D01.650.550.250'], ['L01.280'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.850.460.350.112'], ['J01.637.512.600'], ['N06.850.460.350.600'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['N01.824.245.925', 'N04.452.677.975']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Mutational analysis of PDGFR-RAS/MAPK pathway activation in childhood medulloblastoma.
|
Aberrant signalling via platelet derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs) and the RAS/MAPK pathway has been implicated in the development of medulloblastoma, the most common malignant brain tumour in childhood. To determine whether genetic mechanisms play a role in the activation of PDGFR-RAS/MAPK signalling in medulloblastoma, we performed a direct sequence analysis of the established mutational "hotspots" of known targets of activating mutations within the pathway (PDGFRA, NRAS, KRAS, HRAS and BRAF) and PDFRFB, in a cohort of 28 primary tumours. A synonymous sequence variation in PDGFRA (CCG to CCA; PRO 567 PRO) was detected in two cases (approximately 7%), but not in 150 normal chromosomes assessed, suggesting that the PDGFRA locus may be associated with medulloblastoma development in certain cases. No evidence for oncogenic mutations affecting NRAS, KRAS, HRAS, BRAF or PDFRFB was found in any case. These data demonstrate that activating mutations in established mutational hotspots within the PDGFR-RAS/MAPK pathway are rare events in medulloblastoma development, and suggest that alternative mechanisms are responsible for RAS/MAPK pathway activation in this disease.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Cerebellar Neoplasms', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Exons', 'Female', 'Genes, ras', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'MAP Kinase Signaling System', 'Male', 'Medulloblastoma', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Mutation', 'Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length', 'Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha', 'Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor']
| 16,434,186
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C04.588.614.250.195.411.211', 'C10.228.140.211.500.200', 'C10.228.140.252.200', 'C10.551.240.250.400.300'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.500.791.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['G02.111.820.560', 'G03.493.560', 'G04.835.560'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380.515', 'C04.557.465.625.600.590.500', 'C04.557.470.670.380.515', 'C04.557.470.670.590.500', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380.515', 'C04.557.580.625.600.590.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567', 'D12.644.360.450', 'D12.776.476.450'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.365.795.595'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.900.500', 'D12.776.543.750.630.625.300', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.630.300'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.900', 'D12.776.543.750.630.625', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Gingival metastasis as first sign of multiorgan dissemination of epithelioid malignant mesothelioma.
|
INTRODUCTION: Metastatic malignant mesothelioma to the oral cavity is extremely rare. They are more common in the jaw bones than the soft tissue. Occurrence of the malignant disease typically carries an average survival rate of 9-12 monthsMETHODS: : Thirteen patients underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radical pleurectomy decortication, followed by radiotherapy from August 2012 to September 2013. Patients were followed up with computed tomography of the chest and the abdomen every 3 months. All patients were followed up until February 2014.RESULTS: In January 2014, 11 patients were still alive with a median survival of 11 months, eight patients developed a recurrence and two patients died at 8 and 9 months after surgery. After 1 year from macroscopic radical pleurectomy decortication, a 68-year-old man suffered from gingival mass turned out to be a metastatic deposit of biphasic malignant mesothelioma as first sign of multiorgan recurrence. The patient underwent chemotherapy and local radiotherapy in the oral cavity.CONCLUSIONS: This case points out the relevance of biopsy to all new growing lesions, even in uncommon anatomical sites, whenever a history of mesothelioma is on record.
|
['Aged', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Chemoradiotherapy', 'Chemotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Cisplatin', 'Gingival Neoplasms', 'Glutamates', 'Guanine', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mesothelioma', 'Multimodal Imaging', 'Neoadjuvant Therapy', 'Pemetrexed', 'Pleura', 'Pleural Neoplasms', 'Positron-Emission Tomography', 'Radiotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 25,157,778
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['E02.186.079', 'E02.319.164', 'E02.815.160'], ['E02.186.170', 'E02.319.170'], ['D01.210.375', 'D01.625.125', 'D01.710.100'], ['C04.588.443.591.402', 'C07.465.530.402', 'C07.465.714.258.409'], ['D12.125.067.625', 'D12.125.119.409'], ['D03.633.100.759.758.399.454'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.470.035.510', 'C04.557.470.660.510'], ['E01.370.350.567'], ['E02.186.450'], ['D03.633.100.759.758.399.454.650', 'D12.125.067.625.525', 'D12.125.119.409.525'], ['A04.716', 'A10.615.789.736'], ['C04.588.894.797.640', 'C08.528.694', 'C08.785.640'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399'], ['E02.186.775', 'E02.815.600'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Overweight/obesity and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder tendency among adolescents in China.
|
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate whether there is any association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) tendency and overweight/obesity among adolescents.DESIGN: This study was a population-based health survey utilizing a two-stage random cluster sampling design.SUBJECTS: Subjects were recruited from the total population of adolescents who attended high school years 1, 2 and 3 with ages ranging from 13 to 17 years.MEASUREMENTS: Individual body weight and height were measured by medical professionals. Overweight and obesity were determined according to the CDC classification. ADHD tendency was assessed via a structured personal interview using a standardised scale.RESULTS: In all, 1429 students were recruited with 85 (6.3%) classified overweight and 42 (3.1%) obese with a mean BMI score of 19.1 (s.e.=0.15). For ADHD tendency, the average score was 15.48 (s.e.=0.28) with a median score of 16.0. There was a significant association between ADHD tendency and obesity among these adolescent (t=2.18, P=0.040), after adjusting for the potential confounding factors. However, the association between ADHD tendency and overweight did not reach a significant level.CONCLUSION: ADHD tendency is associated with overweight/obesity among adolescents. Clinician should be aware of the increased risk of ADHD among obese adolescents. ADHD should be assessed and proper treatment should be provided in the management of obese.
|
['Adolescent', 'Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity', 'China', 'Educational Status', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Obesity', 'Overweight', 'Parents', 'Population Surveillance', 'Prevalence', 'Sex Distribution', 'Socioeconomic Factors']
| 17,211,443
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F03.625.094.150'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['N01.824.196'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['C23.888.144.699', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Temperament and character dimensions in patients with schizophrenia, relatives, and controls.
|
Studies of patients with schizophrenia or schizophrenia spectrum disorders and general population control groups consistently show differences regarding personality dimensions. However, the profile of personality dimensions in first-degree relatives of those patients is not well understood. We used Temperament and Character Inventory to explore personality dimensions in 61 clinically stable patients with schizophrenia or schizophrenia spectrum disorders, 59 of their first-degree relatives, and 64 healthy controls. Patients scored significantly higher than controls in harm avoidance and self-transcendence and lower in self-directedness and cooperativeness. First-degree relatives showed a tendency to lower novelty seeking and self-transcendence than controls. Interpretations of these findings include the possibility that lower novelty seeking and lower self-transcendence provide a protective influence in the relatives. Further studies are needed to go into this issue in greater depth.
|
['Adult', 'Character', 'Exploratory Behavior', 'Family', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Internal-External Control', 'Introversion, Psychological', 'Male', 'Personality Inventory', 'Schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenic Psychology', 'Self Concept', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Temperament']
| 19,597,359
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.752.190'], ['F01.145.387', 'F01.658.370'], ['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.379'], ['F01.752.747.511', 'F02.739.794.438'], ['F04.711.647.513'], ['F03.700.750'], ['F04.824'], ['F01.752.747.792'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['F01.752.898']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Physician-led, hospital-linked, birth care centers can decrease cesarean section rates without increasing rates of adverse events.
|
BACKGROUND: This study compares outcomes at a hospital-linked, physician-led, birthing center to a traditional hospital labor and delivery service.METHODS: Using de-identified electronic medical records, a retrospective cohort design was employed to evaluate 32,174 singleton births during 1998-2005.RESULTS: Compared with hospital service, birth care center delivery was associated with a lower rate of cesarean sections (adjusted Relative Risk = 0.73, 95% confidence interval 0.59-0.91; p < 0.001) without an increased rate of operative vaginal delivery (adjusted Relative Risk = 1.04, 95% confidence interval 0.97-1.13; p = 0.25) and a higher initiation of breastfeeding (adjusted Relative Risk = 1.28, 95% confidence interval 1.25-1.30; p ? 0.001). A maternal length of stay greater than 72 hours occurred less frequently in the birth care center (adjusted Relative Risk = 0.60, 95% confidence interval 0.55-0.66; p < 0.001). Comparing only women without major obstetrical risk factors, the differences in outcomes were reduced but not eliminated. Adverse maternal and infant outcomes were not increased at the birth care center.CONCLUSION: A hospital-linked, physician-led, birth care center has the potential to lower rates of cesarean sections without increasing rates of operative vaginal delivery or other adverse maternal and infant outcomes.
|
['Adult', 'Birthing Centers', 'Breast Feeding', 'Cesarean Section', 'Cohort Studies', 'Delivery Rooms', 'Delivery, Obstetric', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Obstetrics', 'Pregnancy', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Young Adult']
| 24,635,500
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N02.278.080'], ['F01.145.407.199', 'G07.203.650.195', 'G07.203.650.220.500.500', 'G07.203.650.353.199'], ['E04.520.252.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['N02.278.388.150'], ['E04.520.252'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.403.810.450'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Use of dry citrus pulp or soybean hulls as a replacement for corn grain in energy and nitrogen partitioning, methane emissions, and milk performance in lactating Murciano-Granadina goats.
|
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of substitution of dietary corn grain by dry citrus pulp or soybean hulls on energy and nitrogen partitioning, substrate oxidation, methane emission, and milk performance in dairy goats during midlactation. Twelve multiparous Murciano-Granadina goats of similar body weight (41.7 ± 2.8 kg) were split in 3 groups in an incomplete crossover design. One group of 4 goats was fed a mixed ration with 605 g/kg of dry matter of corn grain (CRG), another group replaced corn grain with dry citrus pulp (CTP), and the last with soybean hulls (SYH). The goats were allocated to individual metabolism cages. After 14 d of adaptation, feed intake, total fecal and urine output, and milk yield were recorded daily over a 5-d period. Then, gas exchange measurements were recorded by a mobile open-circuit indirect calorimetry system using a head box. Dry matter intake was similar for all 3 groups (1.53 kg/d, on average). Total replacement of the concentrate with fibrous by-products increased fiber apparent digestibility. The metabolizable energy intake was significantly greater for diet CRG than SYH (1,193 vs. 1,079 kJ/kg of BW⁰·⁷⁵, respectively), CTP showed an intermediate value. The heat production was higher for the fiber diet than starchy diet (908 vs. 843 kJ/kg of BW⁰·⁷⁵ for SYH and CRG, respectively). The efficiency of use of metabolizable energy for milk production obtained by regression was 0.59. Goats fed CTP and SYH diets produced similar CH₄ emissions (34.8 g/d, on average), significantly higher compared with goats fed the CRG diet (24.7 g/d). Goats of the 3 treatments were in negative energy balance, so the oxidation of fat was greater than for carbohydrates. No significant differences were observed for milk production (1.72 kg/d), and milk fat was significantly greater for a more fibrous diet compared with a starchy diet (6.57 vs. 4.95% in SYH and CRG, respectively).
|
['Animal Feed', 'Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena', 'Animals', 'Citrus', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Diet', 'Dietary Carbohydrates', 'Dietary Fiber', 'Edible Grain', 'Energy Intake', 'Energy Metabolism', 'Female', 'Goats', 'Lactation', 'Methane', 'Milk', 'Nitrogen', 'Rumen', 'Soybeans', 'Thermogenesis', 'Zea mays']
| 25,459,909
|
[['G07.203.300.300.100', 'J02.500.300.100'], ['G07.203.650.161'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.875.177'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['D09.301', 'G07.203.300.362', 'J02.500.362'], ['D09.301.416', 'G07.203.300.400', 'J02.500.400'], ['A18.024.500.750.500', 'B01.650.160.250', 'B01.650.510.250', 'G07.203.300.300.550', 'G07.203.300.775.500', 'J02.500.300.550', 'J02.500.775.500'], ['G07.203.650.240.340'], ['G03.295'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.513'], ['G08.686.523', 'G08.686.702.500'], ['D02.455.326.146.571'], ['A12.200.455', 'A12.790', 'G07.203.100.700', 'G07.203.300.350.525', 'J02.200.700', 'J02.500.350.525'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['A13.869.804'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.750'], ['G07.110.232.778', 'G07.410.421.778', 'G16.012.500.535.778'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Zearalenone induces NLRP3-dependent pyroptosis via activation of NF-êB modulated by autophagy in INS-1 cells.
|
Zearalenone (ZEA), one of the mycotoxins widely found in food and feed, can stimulate an inflammatory reaction. In the present study, we demonstrated that ZEA induced the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome even pyroptotic cell death in rat Insulinoma Cell Line (INS-1). Meanwhile, according to the results of western blot and TEM, the level of autophagy was elevated by ZEA, which protected against the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and inflammatory response caused by ZEA. Furthermore, we indicated that ZEA-induced NF-êB p65 activation contributed to the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, inflammatory response, and pyroptosis in INS-1 cells, which were indicated by western blot and immunofluorescence, and the activation of NF-êB p65 induced by ZEA was autophagy-dependent. This study demonstrates that ZEA induces NLRP3-dependent pyroptosis via activation of NF-êB modulated by autophagy in INS-1 cells.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Interleukin-1beta', 'NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein', 'Pyroptosis', 'Rats', 'Transcription Factor RelA', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha', 'Zearalenone']
| 31,586,597
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010.600', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400.600', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010.600', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400.600', 'D23.529.374.465.131.600', 'D23.529.374.500.400.600'], ['D12.644.360.539.250'], ['G04.146.954.035.530'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.260.600.249', 'D12.776.660.600.249', 'D12.776.930.600.249'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.852.900', 'D02.540.950', 'D23.946.587.989']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Paraparesis, hypermanganesaemia, and polycythaemia: a novel presentation of cirrhosis.
|
Progressive myelopathy is a rare complication of chronic hepatic disease which has never been reported in the paediatric age group. We describe the 11 year course of an adolescent male with hepatic myelopathy caused by cryptogenic micronodular cirrhosis. His condition has been associated with persistent polycythaemia and extraordinary increases of whole blood manganese, with magnetic resonance imaging evidence of manganese deposition within the basal ganglia and other regions of the brain. The patient has developed neither liver failure nor parkinsonism. The pathophysiological bases of this multiorgan system disorder are described.
|
['Adolescent', 'Chronic Disease', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Male', 'Manganese', 'Paraparesis, Spastic', 'Polycythemia']
| 11,040,156
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.552.630', 'C23.550.355.412'], ['D01.268.556.484', 'D01.268.956.374', 'D01.552.544.484'], ['C10.597.636.500.500', 'C23.888.592.643.500.500'], ['C15.378.738']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A female perspective on living with HIV disease.
|
The study discussed in this article explored women's views of the positive and negative aspects of life with HIV. Even in the face of a stigmatizing physical illness and with elevated levels of depression and anxiety, the 55 women interviewed for the study were able to identify a large number of positive events; for many, HIV served as a motivating force for positive change. Common negative experiences included physical symptoms, a limited life span, alienation, and stigma. Results suggest that whereas women demonstrate a remarkable capacity to adapt, there are a number of specific areas where social services and community interventions can be targeted.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adult', 'Emotions', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Life Change Events', 'New York City', 'Self Concept', 'Women']
| 11,379,001
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401'], ['F01.829.458.410'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.530.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530.530', 'Z01.433.741'], ['F01.752.747.792'], ['M01.975']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
The origin of transfer of P307.
|
The DNA fragment carrying the oriT region from the enterotoxin plasmid P307 was isolated and its polynucleotide sequence was determined. Using Southern hybridization assays with a synthetic oligonucleotide probe, the oriT region was identified on a 7.9-kb EcoRI fragment from P307. By ligating the fragment with the cloning vector pUC119, plasmid pAG10 was obtained. The physical map of the insert was determined and oriT was located on a 540-bp BglII/SalI fragment. After this fragment was subcloned into sequencing phages, the polynucleotide sequence was established. Part of the sequence proved to be almost identical to segments of the oriT regions of the plasmids F and R1; another neighboring region was very different among all three sequences. The polynucleotide sequence proximal to traM is highly similar to that of F but different from that of R1.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Crosses, Genetic', 'DNA Restriction Enzymes', 'Enterotoxins', 'Escherichia coli', 'F Factor', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Operon', 'Plasmids', 'Species Specificity']
| 2,827,206
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.220'], ['E05.393.281'], ['D08.811.150.280', 'D08.811.277.352.335.350.300', 'D08.811.277.352.355.325.300'], ['D23.946.330'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.360.600.300'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.360.340.024.686', 'G05.360.340.358.207.500'], ['G05.360.600'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Simultaneous ribosomal resistance to trichodermin and anisomycin in Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants.
|
A spontaneous mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae resistant to trichodermin has been isolated. It displays cross resistance both in vivo and in vitro to a number of sesquiterpene antibiotics (fusarenon X, trichothecin and verrucarin A) and to the chemically unrelated antibiotic anisomycin. The mutation conferring resistance to anisomycin and trichodermin is expressed in the 60-S subunit of the yeast 80-S ribosome. Mutant ribosomes bind [-14C]trichodermin much less efficiently than wild type ribosomes, suggesting that resistance may be due, at least in part, to this property. However, both types of ribosomes bind [-3H] anisomycin equally. These results suggest that anisomycin and trichodermin have different binding sites on the 60-S subunit of eukaryotic ribosomes, even though previous results have shown that both antibiotics bind to mutually exclusive sites.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Binding Sites', 'Cell Division', 'Drug Resistance, Microbial', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Mutation', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'Receptors, Drug', 'Ribosomes', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Terpenes', 'Time Factors']
| 1,092,352
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['G06.225', 'G07.690.773.984.269'], ['D12.776.354'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['D12.776.827'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D02.455.849'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Circadian variations in trichloroethylene toxicity under a 12:12 hr light-dark cycle and their alterations under constant darkness in rats.
|
In order to investigate the circadian variations in acute toxicity of trichloroethylene (TRI), TRI (1.2 g/kg weight) or saline was injected intraperitoneally in a total of 88 male Wistar rats at four circadian stages (03.00, 09.00, 15.00, and 21.00:hr.min) under two different lighting regimens of a 12:12 hr light-dark cycle (LD; light from 06.00 to 18.00) and of constant darkness (DD). Circadian variations in TRI toxicity were confirmed in both LD and DD. The toxicity of TRI evaluated by the increase in glutamic-pyruvate transaminase activity (GPT) was greatest when injected at 09.00 in LD while at 21.00 in DD. The increases in blood urea nitrogen, serum total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations reached peaks when injected at 09.00 in LD and 03.00 in DD. The circadian variations in serum trichloroethanol concentration were very similar to those in GPT in both LD and DD, showing a significant correlation (p less than 0.05). The present study revealed that circadian variations in TRI toxicity existed in LD and that these variations persisted in a free-running condition. The peak phase of TRI toxicity was located in a trough phase (09.00) in LD and in a peak phase (21.00 or 03.00) in DD of temperature rhythm. Thus, the phase relationship changed in DD, showing a desynchronization between TRI toxicity rhythm and temperature rhythm, which is an unusual phenomenon. This means that an unexpected potentiation of TRI toxicity during active phase which is not a critical phase in a well-synchronized state could occur in a free-running condition.
|
['Animals', 'Body Temperature', 'Body Weight', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Darkness', 'Ethylene Chlorohydrin', 'Kidney', 'Lighting', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Necrosis', 'Organ Size', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Time Factors', 'Trichloroacetic Acid', 'Trichloroethylene']
| 2,360,203
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.374', 'G07.110'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['G01.590.540.233'], ['D02.033.260.350', 'D02.033.375.310'], ['A05.810.453'], ['N06.230.150.410'], ['A03.620'], ['C23.550.717'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D02.241.081.018.214.750', 'D02.455.526.439.196.750'], ['D02.455.526.439.939']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Methamphetamine use, self-reported violent crime, and recidivism among offenders in California who abuse substances.
|
This study uses data from 641 state prison parolees in California to examine the associations between methamphetamine use and three measures of criminal behavior: (a) self-reported violent criminal behavior, (b) return to prison for a violent offense, and (c) return to prison for any reason during the first 12 months of parole. Methamphetamine use was significantly predictive of self-reported violent criminal behavior and general recidivism (i.e., a return to custody for any reason). However, methamphetamine use was not significantly predictive of being returned to custody for a violent offense. These trends remained even after controlling for involvement in the drug trade (i.e., sales, distribution, or manufacturing).
|
['Adult', 'California', 'Central Nervous System Stimulants', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Methamphetamine', 'Middle Aged', 'Prisoners', 'Recurrence', 'Self-Assessment', 'Substance Abuse, Intravenous', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Violence']
| 16,501,213
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.107.567.875.580.200', 'Z01.107.567.875.760.200'], ['D27.505.696.282', 'D27.505.954.427.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.092.471.683.152.619'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['M01.729'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['F01.752.747.792.537'], ['C25.775.793', 'F03.900.793'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['I01.198.240.856', 'I01.880.735.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Photoselective vaporization of the prostate: experience with prostate adenomas >80 cm3].
|
BACKGROUND: We report about our experiences with photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) in patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and total prostate volume larger than 80 cm(3).PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included 201 patients with BPH: 51 (25.4%) patients had a prostate volume larger than 80 cm(3) and 150 (74.6%) patients had a volume smaller than 80 cm(3) in the preoperative transrectal ultrasound.RESULTS: The mean operation time for patients with large prostates was 79 min. Neither TUR syndrome nor severe bleeding was observed. In patients with large adenomas peak urinary flow increased by 135, 136, and 132% after 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. The overall complication rate was comparable in both groups.CONCLUSION: PVP is characterized by excellent perioperative safety and significant improvement of voiding parameters. PVP is feasible in patients with large prostates.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Comorbidity', 'Germany', 'Humans', 'Laser Therapy', 'Male', 'Prostatectomy', 'Prostatic Hyperplasia', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Urinary Incontinence']
| 16,676,147
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.594', 'E04.014.520'], ['E04.950.774.860.625'], ['C12.294.565.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C12.777.934.852', 'C13.351.968.934.814', 'C23.888.942.343.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Identification of inducers of the Yersinia enterocolitica phage shock protein system and comparison to the regulation of the RpoE and Cpx extracytoplasmic stress responses.
|
Known inducers of the phage shock protein (Psp) system suggest that it is an extracytoplasmic stress response, as are the well-studied RpoE and Cpx systems. However, a random approach to identify conditions and proteins that induce the Psp system has not been attempted. It is also unknown whether the proteins or mutations that induce Psp are specific or if they also activate the RpoE and Cpx systems. This study addressed these issues for the Yersinia enterocolitica Psp system. Random transposon mutagenesis identified null mutations and overexpression mutations that increase Phi(pspA-lacZ) operon fusion expression. The results suggest that Psp may respond exclusively to extracytoplasmic stress. Null mutations affected glucosamine-6-phosphate synthetase (glmS), which plays a role in cell envelope biosynthesis, and the F0F1 ATPase (atp operon). The screen also revealed that in addition to several secretins, the overexpression of three novel putative inner membrane proteins (IMPs) induced the Psp response. We also compared induction of the Y. enterocolitica Psp, RpoE, and Cpx responses. Overexpression of secretins or the three IMPs or the presence of an atpB null mutation only induced the Psp response. Similarly, known inducers of the RpoE and Cpx responses did not significantly induce the Psp response. Only the glmS null mutation induced all three responses. Therefore, Psp is induced distinctly from the RpoE and Cpx systems. The specific IMP inducers may be valuable tools to probe specific signal transduction events of the Psp response in future studies.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Base Sequence', 'Heat-Shock Proteins', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Proton-Translocating ATPases', 'Sigma Factor', 'Transcription Factors', 'Yersinia enterocolitica']
| 15,205,422
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D12.776.580.216'], ['G02.300'], ['D12.776.543'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.325', 'D08.811.913.696.650.150.500', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.875.500', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.875.500'], ['D12.776.930.800'], ['D12.776.930'], ['B03.440.450.425.900.300', 'B03.660.250.150.950.160']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Environment. Biodiversity update--progress in taxonomy.
|
Taxonomy and systematics underpin our ability to conserve and benefit from biodiversity in sustainable ways as envisaged under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). Despite progress in phylogenetics towards reconstructing the "Tree of Life" and in biodiversity informatics, the fundamental documentation of species necessary to complete the inventory of life has lagged behind. It is argued that this reflects a lack of appreciation of the role played by species-level taxonomic information in underpinning conservation and sustainable use and under investment in the relevant institutions at the expense of supporting the centralised financial mechanism of the CBD.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Evolution', 'Biological Specimen Banks', 'Classification', 'Conservation of Natural Resources', 'Costs and Cost Analysis', 'Databases, Factual', 'Developed Countries', 'Developing Countries', 'Ecosystem', 'Financial Support', 'International Cooperation', 'Phylogeny', 'Plants']
| 12,376,687
|
[['B01.050'], ['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['N02.278.065'], ['L01.100', 'L01.453.245.275'], ['J01.256', 'N06.230.080'], ['N03.219.151'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['I01.615.500.250'], ['I01.615.500.300'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['N03.219.483'], ['I01.615.500'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['B01.650']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Crystalloid resuscitation improves survival in trauma patients receiving low ratios of fresh frozen plasma to packed red blood cells.
|
BACKGROUND: Current trauma resuscitation guidelines recommend giving an initial crystalloid bolus as first line for resuscitation. Recent studies have shown a survival benefit for trauma patients resuscitated with high ratios of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) to packed red blood cells (PRBC). Our aim was to determine whether the volume of crystalloid given during resuscitation correlated with differences in morbidity or mortality based on the ratio of FFP:PRBC given.METHODS: This was a retrospective review of 2,473 transfused trauma patients at 23 Level I trauma centers from July 2005 to October 2007. Patients were separated based on the ratios of FFP:PRBC they received (<1:4, 1:4-1:1, and >1:1) and then analyzed for morbidity and mortality based on whether or not they received at least 1 L crystalloid for each unit of PRBC. Outcomes analyzed were 6-hour, 24-hour, and 30-day survival as well as intensive care unit (ICU)-free days, ventilator-free days, and hospital-free days.RESULTS: Massive transfusion patients who received <1:4 ratios of FFP:PRBC had significantly improved 6-hour, 24-hour, and 30-day mortality and significantly more ventilator-free days if they received at least 1 L of crystalloid for each unit of PRBC. Nonmassive transfusion patients who received <1:4 ratios of FFP:PRBC had significantly improved 6-hour, 24-hour, and 30-day mortality and significantly more ICU-free days, ventilator-free days, and hospital-free days if they received at least 1 L crystalloid for each unit of PRBC. In both massive and nonmassive transfusion groups, the survival benefit and morbidity benefit was progressively less for the 1:4 to 1:1 FFP:PRBC groups and >1:1 FFP:PRBC groups.CONCLUSIONS: If high ratios of FFP:PRBC are unable to be given to trauma patients, resuscitation with at least 1 L of crystalloid per unit of PRBC is associated with improved overall mortality.
|
['Blood Transfusion', 'Crystalloid Solutions', 'Erythrocyte Count', 'Female', 'Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Isotonic Solutions', 'Male', 'Plasma', 'Platelet Count', 'Resuscitation', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Survival Rate', 'Wounds and Injuries']
| 21,814,108
|
[['E02.095.135'], ['D26.776.498.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.330', 'E01.370.225.625.107.330', 'E05.200.500.195.107.330', 'E05.200.625.107.330', 'E05.242.195.107.330', 'G04.140.107.330', 'G09.188.105.330'], ['C23.550.414'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D26.776.498'], ['A12.207.152.693', 'A12.207.270.695', 'A15.145.693'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.740', 'E01.370.225.625.107.700', 'E01.370.225.625.625.625', 'E05.200.500.195.107.740', 'E05.200.625.107.700', 'E05.200.625.625.625', 'E05.242.195.107.740', 'G04.140.107.740', 'G09.188.105.700'], ['E02.365.647'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['C26']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Further studies on the immunosuppressive effects of indomethacin.
|
Oral administration of indomethacin inhibited immune response to sheep red blood cells in mice as assessed by direct plaque-forming cells. Serum titers, subsequent to immunization with Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide, were also diminished in the indomethacin-treated mice. These effects were independent of both the antigen used as well as the magnitude of the primary immune response obtained. Prostaglandins are suggested to play a positive role in in vivo B cell proliferation and function.
|
['Animals', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Indomethacin', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Prostaglandins', 'Sheep', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 6,972,923
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['D03.633.100.473.420'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D10.251.355.255.550', 'D23.469.050.175.725'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sleep disturbance in mild cognitive impairment is associated with alterations in the brain's default mode network.
|
This study aimed to identify default mode network (DMN) functional connectivity deficits in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and sleep disturbance, relative to those with MCI and no sleep disturbance. A control group was included to aid in identifying DMN changes specific to MCI. A cross-sectional, single-center study was performed at the Brain and Mind Research Centre in Sydney, Australia. Participants (95 adults over the age of 65: 38 controls and 57 meeting criteria for MCI) underwent resting-state functional MRI along with comprehensive neuropsychological, medical, and psychiatric assessment. Self-report data were collected including sleep quality assessment via the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. A total score of greater than 5 on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to signify the presence of significant sleep disturbance, as per commonly used methodology. Using this criterion, 53% (n = 30) of our MCI group were classified as sleep-disturbed. Whereas the total group of MCI subjects and controls demonstrated no significant differences, sleep-disturbed MCIs demonstrated increased connectivity between temporal and parietal regions, and decreased connectivity between the prefrontal cortex and the temporoparietal junction relative to sleep-disturbed controls. Relative to those MCIs without sleep disturbance, sleep-disturbed MCI participants demonstrated significantly diminished DMN connectivity between temporal and parietal regions, a finding that was particularly pronounced in amnestic MCI. Sleep disturbance in MCI is associated with distinct alterations in DMN functional connectivity in brain regions underpinning salient memory and sleep systems. Future studies may build on these results via experimental manipulation and objective measurement of sleep. (PsycINFO Database Record
|
['Aged', 'Australia', 'Brain', 'Brain Mapping', 'Cognitive Dysfunction', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Nerve Net', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Sleep Wake Disorders']
| 26,963,234
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['Z01.639.100', 'Z01.678.100.373'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['F03.615.250.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['A08.511'], ['F04.711.513'], ['C10.886', 'C23.888.592.796', 'F03.870']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The chemical synthesis of 1-O-(indol-3'-ylacetyl)-beta-D-glucopyranose. The higher activity of the glucoside in comparison with exogenous indol-3-ylacetic acid in plant-section elongation tests.
|
1. The synthesis of 1-O-(indol-3'-ylacetyl)-beta-d-glucopyranose via the fully benzylated 1-O-(indol-3'-ylacetyl)-d-glucopyranose is described. The configuration of the free ester glucoside was confirmed by complete hydrolysis with beta-glucosidase and by the n.m.r. spectrum of the tetra-acetyl derivative. 2. The growth-promoting effect of the glucoside in Avena coleoptile- and pea stem-section tests distinctly exceeds the responses stimulated by equimolar amounts of indol-3-ylacetic acid or equimolar mixtures of indol-3-ylacetic acid and glucose at all concentrations investigated. Time-sequence experiments revealed that the sections stimulated by the glucoside exhibit a markedly greater rate of elongation than those promoted by indol-3-ylacetic acid. 3. 1-O-(Indol-3'-ylacetyl)-beta-d-glucopyranose was isolated from intact Avena coleoptiles. 4. According to the results, the conjugation of indol-3-ylacetic acid with glucose could not be considered merely as a detoxication mechanism for indol-3-ylacetic acid in plant tissues.
|
['Chromatography', 'Edible Grain', 'Glycosides', 'Indoleacetic Acids', 'Plant Growth Regulators', 'Plants']
| 5,343,792
|
[['E05.196.181'], ['A18.024.500.750.500', 'B01.650.160.250', 'B01.650.510.250', 'G07.203.300.300.550', 'G07.203.300.775.500', 'J02.500.300.550', 'J02.500.775.500'], ['D09.408'], ['D03.066.288', 'D03.633.100.473.404'], ['D27.505.696.377.760'], ['B01.650']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of the effects of Hg/DOC ratios on the reduction of Hg(II) in lake water.
|
Reduction of mercury (Hg) in natural waters, which releases a substantial amount of gaseous Hg(0) to the atmosphere, has a close relationship to Hg/DOC ratios. However, the role of Hg/DOC ratio on the Hg(II) reduction in natural waters remains poorly understood. In this study, natural water collected from Hongfeng Lake, SW China, was used to study the effects of Hg/DOC ratio on the Hg(II) reduction. The lake water was spiked with variable amounts of Hg to make different Hg/DOC solutions. Through a 72 h Hg(II) reduction process, we demonstrated that the maximum percentage reduction of Hg (29 ± 3%) occurred when Hg/DOC ratio was 1134 ng mg-1. Further increase or decrease of the Hg/DOC ratios would inhibit the reduction of Hg(II). This study clearly demonstrated that Hg/DOC ratio has a dual role in the reduction of Hg(II) from natural waters.
|
['China', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Gases', 'Lakes', 'Mercury', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 32,278,908
|
[['Z01.252.474.164'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['D01.362'], ['G01.311.580', 'G16.500.275.280.500', 'N06.230.232.500'], ['D01.268.556.504', 'D01.268.956.437', 'D01.552.544.504'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Consistent improvement in health-related quality of life with tiotropium in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Novel and conventional responder analyses.
|
INTRODUCTION: Improving health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in COPD patients is an important pharmacotherapeutic objective. This study investigated the extent, consistency, and durability of tiotropium maintenance therapy impact on HRQoL in moderate-to-very severe COPD.METHODS: Patients received once-daily tiotropium 18 ìg (n = 5244) or placebo (n = 4799) via HandiHaler® (10 trials), or once-daily tiotropium 5 ìg (n = 2622) or placebo (n = 2618) via Respimat® inhaler (3 trials). St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) total scores were measured at baseline, and 6 months (13 trials) and 1 year (9 trials) from treatment start. Adjusted mean differences between treatments for change from baseline in total scores were calculated at each time-point for each trial. Responder and deteriorator rates (decrease or increase in score ?4 units from baseline, respectively), net benefit (responder rate increase plus deteriorator rate decrease), and cumulative improvement and deterioration were determined.RESULTS: Adjusted mean total score differences between treatments for change from baseline were significant (p < 0.05) in favor of tiotropium in 10/13 trials at 6 months and in 8/9 trials at 1 year. In all trials, estimated differences in responder rates between treatments favored tiotropium (significant [p < 0.05]: 5/13 trials at 6 months; 8/9 trials at 1 year). Net benefit favored tiotropium and cumulative improvement rates were consistently greater and deterioration rates consistently lower for tiotropium versus placebo.CONCLUSIONS: Tiotropium maintenance therapy significantly and consistently improved HRQoL in moderate-to-very severe COPD patients in a durable manner. These results may provide a benchmark for assessing benefits on HRQoL of other COPD treatments.
|
['Administration, Inhalation', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Bronchodilator Agents', 'Female', 'Forced Expiratory Volume', 'Health Status', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Meta-Analysis as Topic', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscarinic Antagonists', 'Nebulizers and Vaporizers', 'Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive', 'Quality of Life', 'Respiratory Function Tests', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Smoking', 'Tiotropium Bromide', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vital Capacity']
| 27,817,821
|
[['E02.319.267.050'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.696.663.050.110', 'D27.505.954.796.050.100'], ['E01.370.386.700.660.230', 'G09.772.650.430'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.370.500', 'E05.581.500.501', 'N05.715.360.325.515', 'N06.850.520.445.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D27.505.519.625.120.200.500', 'D27.505.696.577.120.200.500'], ['E07.605'], ['C08.381.495.389'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E01.370.386.700'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['F01.145.805'], ['D02.145.074.722.822.887', 'D03.132.889.601.887', 'D03.605.084.500.722.822.887', 'D03.605.869.822.887'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E01.370.386.700.485.750.900', 'G09.772.850.970']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Plasma parathyroid hormone and cardiovascular disease in treatment-naive patients with primary hyperparathyroidism: The EPATH trial.
|
Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism are at increased risk for high blood pressure, vascular stiffening, and left ventricular hypertrophy, but previous studies have failed to demonstrate the direct associations with circulating parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. The authors investigated cross-sectional relationships between PTH and 24-hour pulse wave velocity, nocturnal systolic blood pressure, and left ventricular mass index in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism who were treatment-naive with cinacalcet, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system inhibitors, and thiazide or loop diuretics. In 76 patients, mean±SD of pulse wave velocity, nocturnal systolic blood pressure, and left ventricular mass index values were 9.3±1.8 m/s, 116.6±17.0 mm Hg, and 92.8±23.0 g/m². In multivariate linear regression analyses with adjustment for potentially confounding parameters, PTH was independently associated with nocturnal systolic blood pressure (adjusted ? coefficient=.284, P=.040), mean 24-hour pulse wave velocity (?=.199, P=.001), and left ventricular mass index (?=.252, P=.025). PTH may promote vascular and cardiac remodeling in primary hyperparathyroidism. Interventional trials are needed to test the antihypertensive and cardioprotective effects of PTH-inhibitory treatment strategies.
|
['Aged', 'Antihypertensive Agents', 'Blood Pressure', 'Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory', 'Cardiotonic Agents', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Echocardiography', 'Female', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Humans', 'Hyperparathyroidism, Primary', 'Hypertension', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Organ Size', 'Parathyroid Hormone', 'Pulse Wave Analysis']
| 28,834,128
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.411.162'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.370.140.100', 'E01.370.520.500.100'], ['D27.505.954.411.222', 'D27.720.799.080'], ['C14'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['A07.541.560'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C19.642.355.239'], ['C14.907.489'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['D06.472.699.590', 'D12.644.548.587'], ['E01.370.370.680']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
POEMS syndrome: diagnostic delay and successful treatment with lenalidomide, cyclophosphamide and prednisone followed by autologous peripheral stem cell transplantation.
|
Polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy and skin changes (POEMS) syndrome is a rare systemic disease, often unrecognised in the primary care setting. POEMS syndrome is associated with plasma cell dyscrasias and upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor leading to systemic oedema, papilloedema and pulmonary hypertension. A wide constellation of presenting symptoms often leads to late diagnosis. Unrecognised and untreated disease rapidly leads to death from neuropathic exhaustion or cardiopulmonary failure. Treatment is extrapolated from other plasma cell dyscrasias such as multiple myeloma. Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) is often an important component of treatment. There is no established standard of care for POEMS syndrome. Therapies include lenalidomide, bortezomib and targeted monoclonal antibodies. We present a patient with POEMS syndrome who achieved rapid complete response to triple therapy consisting of lenalidomide, cyclophosphamide and prednisone, followed by high-dose chemotherapy and PBSCT.
|
['Adult', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Dyspnea', 'Fatigue', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunologic Factors', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Lenalidomide', 'POEMS Syndrome', 'Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Polyneuropathies', 'Prednisone', 'Thalidomide']
| 30,054,320
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E02.186'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.730.243', 'D02.705.672.500.243'], ['E01.171'], ['E02.319.310'], ['C08.618.326', 'C23.888.852.371'], ['C23.888.369'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['D02.241.223.805.810.400', 'D03.383.621.808.519', 'D03.633.100.513.750.563'], ['C10.668.829.800.700', 'C15.378.147.780.750', 'C16.131.077.703', 'C20.683.780.750'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687.500.500'], ['C10.668.829.800'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.719.702'], ['D02.241.223.805.810.800', 'D03.383.621.808.800', 'D03.633.100.513.750.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Improving the performance of â-turn prediction using predicted shape strings and a two-layer support vector machine model.
|
BACKGROUND: The â-turn is a secondary protein structure type that plays an important role in protein configuration and function. Development of accurate prediction methods to identify â-turns in protein sequences is valuable. Several methods for â-turn prediction have been developed; however, the prediction quality is still a challenge and there is substantial room for improvement. Innovations of the proposed method focus on discovering effective features, and constructing a new architectural model.RESULTS: We utilized predicted secondary structures, predicted shape strings and the position-specific scoring matrix (PSSM) as input features, and proposed a novel two-layer model to enhance the prediction. We achieved the highest values according to four evaluation measures, i.e. Q(total) = 87.2%, MCC = 0.66, Q(observed) = 75.9%, and Q(predicted) = 73.8% on the BT426 dataset. The results show that our proposed two-layer model discriminates better between â-turns and non-â-turns than the single model due to obtaining higher Q(predicted). Moreover, the predicted shape strings based on the structural alignment approach greatly improve the performance, and the same improvements were observed on BT547 and BT823 datasets as well.CONCLUSION: In this article, we present a comprehensive method for the prediction of â-turns. Experiments show that the proposed method constitutes a great improvement over the competing prediction methods.
|
['Algorithms', 'Humans', 'Position-Specific Scoring Matrices', 'Protein Structure, Secondary', 'Proteins', 'Sequence Analysis, Protein']
| 21,749,732
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.600.650', 'E05.393.760.670', 'G02.111.570.580.175.500'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600'], ['D12.776'], ['E05.393.760.705']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Experiential health knowledge from the perspective of Finnish adults.
|
The article describes how Finnish adults understand health. The data were collected by means of free-form thematic interviews and analyzed on the basis of an interpretive approach, representing the phenomenological research tradition. From the interviewees' responses, there emerged two different types of experiential health knowledge, namely institutional and individual health knowledge. Institutional health knowledge found expression in the following themes: knowledge about health as normalcy, knowledge about proper health care, knowledge about factors that may cause illness, knowledge about diseases observed in oneself, and knowledge about obtaining help. Individual health knowledge found expression in the following themes: knowledge about being healthy and feeling well, knowledge about how to produce well-being and how to deal with not feeling well, and knowledge about being ill and not feeling well. The results of the study provide conceptual tools for the further analysis of health knowledge from the perspective of people themselves and at the same time deeper knowledge about the ways in which people perceive health and in which they seek to maintain good health.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Finland', 'Health Education', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nursing Methodology Research', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 8,597,229
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['Z01.542.816.186'], ['I02.233.332', 'N02.421.726.407'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['H01.770.644.145.390.634', 'H02.478.395.634', 'N04.590.233.508.613.634'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Phosphorus deficiency decreases cell division and elongation in grass leaves.
|
Leaf growth in monocotyledons results from the flux of newly born cells out of the division zone and into the adjacent elongation-only zone, where cells reach their final length. We used a kinematic method to analyze the effect of phosphorus nutrition status on cell division and elongation parameters in the epidermis of Lolium perenne. Phosphorus deficiency reduced the leaf elongation rate by 39% due to decreases in the cell production rate (-19%) and final cell length (-20%). The former was solely due to a lower average cell division rate (0.028 versus 0.046 cell cell(-1) h(-1)) and, thus, a lengthened average cell cycle duration (25 versus 15 h). The number of division cycles of the initial cell progeny (five to six) and, as a result, the number of meristematic cells (32-64) and division zone length were independent of phosphorus status. Accordingly, low-phosphorus cells maintained meristematic activity longer. Lack of effect of phosphorus deficiency on meristematic cell length implies that a lower division rate was matched to a lower elongation rate. Phosphorus deficiency did not affect the elongation-only zone length, thus leading to longer cell elongation duration (99 versus 75 h). However, the substantially reduced postmitotic average relative elongation rate (0.045 versus 0.064 mm mm(-1) h(-1)) resulted in shorter mature cells. In summary, phosphorus deficiency did not affect the general controls of cell morphogenesis, but, by slowing down the rates of cell division and expansion, it slowed down its pace.
|
['Cell Division', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Shape', 'Phosphorus', 'Plant Leaves', 'Poaceae']
| 16,648,218
|
[['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G04.320'], ['D01.268.666'], ['A18.024.812'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Inferring the transcriptional network of Bacillus subtilis.
|
The adaptation of bacteria to the vigorous environmental changes they undergo is crucial to their survival. They achieve this adaptation partly via intricate regulation of the transcription of their genes. In this study, we infer the transcriptional network of the Gram-positive model organism, Bacillus subtilis. We use a data integration workflow, exploiting both motif and expression data, towards the generation of condition-dependent transcriptional modules. In building the motif data, we rely on both known and predicted information. Known motifs were derived from DBTBS, while predicted motifs were generated by a de novo motif detection method that utilizes comparative genomics. The expression data consists of a compendium of microarrays across different platforms. Our results indicate that a considerable part of the B. subtilis network is yet undiscovered; we could predict 417 new regulatory interactions for known regulators and 453 interactions for yet uncharacterized regulators. The regulators in our network showed a preference for regulating modules in certain environmental conditions. Also, substantial condition-dependent intra-operonic regulation seems to take place. Global regulators seem to require functional flexibility to attain their roles by acting as both activators and repressors.
|
['Bacillus subtilis', 'Base Sequence', 'Cluster Analysis', 'Conserved Sequence', 'Gene Regulatory Networks', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'Regulatory Elements, Transcriptional', 'Regulon', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sequence Alignment']
| 20,023,724
|
[['B03.300.390.400.158.218.725', 'B03.353.500.100.218.725', 'B03.510.100.100.218.725', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.725', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.725'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['G02.111.570.580'], ['G05.360.080.689.360'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.750'], ['G05.360.340.024.742'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.393.751']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Middle managers: gatekeepers for turnover.
|
Certainly, none of these ideas will solve the turnover problem. Middle managers should recognize that some turnover is inevitable, some is positive, and turnover can be measured in a variety of ways. Also, being the gatekeeper means that people should be encouraged to leave a unit or an organization when it is in the best interest of the individual or the organization. Being the gatekeeper for turnover is an important role and one that will likely take on even more significance in the future. It is essential that the middle manager prepare in advance to deal with the inevitable conflict associated with the role and thus avoid becoming a turnover statistic.
|
['Forms and Records Control', 'Humans', 'Job Satisfaction', 'Nursing Staff, Hospital', 'Nursing, Supervisory', 'Personnel Turnover', 'Salaries and Fringe Benefits', 'United States']
| 10,114,917
|
[['N04.452.758.708.200.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.784.692.425'], ['M01.526.485.680.490', 'M01.526.485.740.523', 'N02.360.680.490', 'N02.360.740.523'], ['N04.452.758.377.750'], ['N04.452.677.680'], ['N01.824.417.700', 'N04.452.677.800'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Department of medicine - rheumatology service rheumatic diseases study group.
|
Human heavy chain diseases offer an opportunity to examine the molecular events taking place in cells which produce naturally occurring structural variants of a well-studied complex protein. Extensive structural analyses have been carried out on many of these proteins and have revealed the existence of certain characteristic features. Current studies are beginning to elucidate the molecular biology underlying these structural features.
|
['Epitopes', 'Heavy Chain Disease', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains', 'Immunoglobulins', 'Multiple Myeloma', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'RNA, Messenger']
| 67,625
|
[['D23.050.550'], ['C15.378.147.780.490', 'C15.604.515.435', 'C20.683.780.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.705.500', 'D12.776.124.790.651.705.500', 'D12.776.377.715.548.705.500'], ['D12.776.124.486.485', 'D12.776.124.790.651', 'D12.776.377.715.548'], ['C04.557.595.500', 'C14.907.454.460', 'C15.378.147.780.650', 'C15.378.463.515.460', 'C20.683.515.845', 'C20.683.780.650'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611'], ['D13.444.735.544']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Braun enteroenterostomy reduces delayed gastric emptying after pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy: a retrospective review.
|
BACKGROUND: Several recent studies have suggested that Braun enteroenterostomy (BEE) during conventional pancreatoduodenectomy might decrease delayed gastric emptying (DGE). However, the advantages and disadvantages of performing BEE during pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy (PPPD) remain controversial.METHODS: The medical records of 185 patients who underwent PPPD either with or without BEE between January 2008 and June 2013 were retrospectively reviewed, and the postoperative course of the 2 groups was compared.RESULTS: Ninety-eight patients underwent PPPD with BEE and 87 without BEE. DGE occurred in 4% of patients with BEE and in 21% of those without BEE (P < .01). The addition of BEE did not affect postoperative complications other than DGE. By multivariate analysis, the omission of BEE was the only independent factor associated with DGE (odds ratio 5.04, 95% confidence interval: 1.59 to 19.66; P < .01).CONCLUSIONS: BEE during PPPD reduced the incidence of DGE.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Gastric Emptying', 'Gastroenterostomy', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreaticoduodenectomy', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 25,110,290
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G10.261.360.400'], ['E04.035.398', 'E04.210.457'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.210.760'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Recurrences of meningiomas: predictive value of pathological features and hormonal and growth factors.
|
OBJECTIVE: Recurrence of apparently completely resected benign meningiomas is a rather frequent event, the mechanisms of which are still unclear. The aim of this study is to define the pathological features, proliferation indexes, growth factors and hormone receptor expression in predicting the meningioma recurrence.METHODS: Two groups of 50 completely resected benign WHO I meningiomas, with and without recurrence respectively, have been reviewed. Tumor location, consistency, vascularity, and histological types have been considered. Immunohistological studies include mitotic index (MI), Ki-67 LI, estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PR), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), and Bcl-2. All these factors have been correlated with the recurrence.RESULTS: The tumor recurrence was not correlated with the patient age, tumor location, consistency, vascularity and histology. There was not difference in the histological pattern between local and diffuse recurrences. M.I. and Ki-67 LI were significantly correlated with the recurrence (P<0.0001). PR negativity had a strong predictive value of recurrence (P<0.0001), whereas the ER status was not relevant. VEGF and EGF-R were not correlated with the recurrence of meningiomas, whereas the Bcl-2 protein positivity showed a tendency to the significativity (P=0.0294). The negative association between Bcl-2 and PR is an interesting finding of our study.CONCLUSIONS: Higher MI and Ki-67 LI and PR negativity are predictive factors of recurrence of benign (WHO I) completely resected meningiomas, particularly when Bcl-2 positivity is associated.
|
['Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Ki-67 Antigen', 'Male', 'Meningeal Neoplasms', 'Meningioma', 'Middle Aged', 'Mitotic Index', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prognosis', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2', 'Receptors, Progesterone', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 17,225,937
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.660.625.500', 'D23.050.290.500', 'D23.101.140.400'], ['C04.588.614.250.580', 'C10.551.240.500'], ['C04.557.580.520', 'C04.557.645.520', 'C04.588.614.250.580.500', 'C10.551.240.500.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.225.500.385.500', 'E05.200.500.385.500', 'E05.242.385.500'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E01.789'], ['D12.644.360.075.718', 'D12.776.476.075.718', 'D12.776.624.664.700.169'], ['D12.776.826.750.765'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Plasmid vectors with a semi-synthetic beta-galactosidase gene of E. coli].
|
A partial synthesis of a structural gene for beta-galactosidase and construction of a series of pLZ plasmids for quantitative study of E. coli promoters are reported. The gene was assembled of two short synthetic DNAs and of a 3000 bp long EcoRI fragment (comprising the lacZ sequence 16-3013) isolated from plasmid p198/1 of B. Gronenborn. Among the plasmids constructed, pLZ4 is a promoter-probe vector that contains the semi-synthetic gene fused with a synthetic Shine-Dalgarno sequence and preceded by unique EcoRI and KpnI cleavage sites. On cloning a promoter into these sites, its signal strength in vivo could easily be measured by assaying beta-galactosidase activity. The use of pLZ4 vector was demonstrated by quantifying the effect of T7 early promoters A1 and A2, the latter being found 4,5 times more active under the conditions employed.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Escherichia coli', 'Galactosidases', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Lac Operon', 'Plasmids', 'Recombination, Genetic', 'beta-Galactosidase']
| 6,435,640
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.183'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D08.811.277.450.410'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['G05.360.340.024.686.545', 'G05.360.340.358.207.500.545'], ['G05.360.600'], ['G05.728'], ['D08.811.277.450.410.100']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of congenitally acquired Neospora caninum infection on risk of abortion and subsequent abortions in dairy cattle.
|
OBJECTIVES: To estimate the extent to which abortion risk in dairy cattle during subsequent pregnancies was associated with congenitally-acquired Neospora caninum infection and previous abortions.ANIMALS: 468 Holstein cattle.PROCEDURE: Newborn heifer calves were tested for evidence of congenital infection attributable to N caninum and examined repeatedly until the completion of their second lactation for serologic status and evidence of abortion.RESULTS: Compared with noninfected cows, congenitally infected cows had a 7.4-fold higher risk of abortion during their initial pregnancy and a 1.7-fold higher risk of aborting the first pregnancy during their first lactation. During the first pregnancy of their second lactation, congenitally infected cows that had aborted previously had a 5.6-fold higher risk of abortion, compared with cows that had not previously aborted and that were seronegative. The fetal risk period for N caninum-associated death began sooner and extended later during the initial pregnancy compared with subsequent pregnancies.CONCLUSION: Congenitally acquired N caninum infection can cause a substantial number of abortions during the initial pregnancy of heifers, with abortion risk attributable to N caninum decreasing in subsequent pregnancies, possibly because of selective culling. Subsequent abortions can be expected in congenitally infected cows that have aborted previously.
|
['Abortion, Veterinary', 'Animals', 'California', 'Cattle', 'Cattle Diseases', 'Coccidiosis', 'Cohort Studies', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'Maternal-Fetal Exchange', 'Neospora', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic', 'Prevalence', 'Risk Factors']
| 9,401,685
|
[['C13.703.039.422', 'C22.021'], ['B01.050'], ['Z01.107.567.875.580.200', 'Z01.107.567.875.760.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['C22.196'], ['C01.610.752.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['G08.686.784.769.455'], ['B01.043.075.189.250.750.550'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C01.610.718', 'C13.703.700.680'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
The effects of target distance on pivot hip, trunk, pelvis, and kicking leg kinematics in Taekwondo roundhouse kicks.
|
The study purpose was to investigate the effects of target distance on pivot hip, trunk, pelvis, and kicking leg movements in Taekwondo roundhouse kick. Twelve male black-belt holders executed roundhouse kicks for three target distances (Normal, Short, and Long). Linear displacements of the pivot hip and orientation angles of the pelvis, trunk, right thigh, and right shank were obtained through a three-dimensional video motion analysis. Select displacements, distances, peak orientation angles, and angle ranges were compared among the conditions using one-way repeated measure ANOVA (p < 0.05). Several orientation angle variables (posterior tilt range, peak right-tilted position, peak right-rotated position, peak left-rotated position, and left rotation range of the pelvis; peak hyperextended position and peak right-flexed position of the trunk; peak flexed position, flexion range and peak internal-rotated position of the hip) as well as the linear displacements of the pivot hip and the reach significantly changed in response to different target distances. It was concluded that the adjustment to different target distances was mainly accomplished through the pivot hip displacements, hip flexion, and pelvis left rotation. Target distance mainly affected the reach control function of the pelvis and the linear balance function of the trunk.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Athletic Performance', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Hip Joint', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Martial Arts', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Postural Balance', 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'Rotation', 'Task Performance and Analysis', 'Young Adult']
| 20,806,845
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['I03.450.642.845.054'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['A02.835.583.411'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I03.450.642.845.560'], ['G11.427.494'], ['F02.830.816.541.752', 'G07.888.750.500', 'G11.427.690', 'G11.561.790.541.595'], ['E01.370.600.700', 'G11.427.760'], ['G01.482.703'], ['F02.784.412.846', 'F02.784.692.746', 'F02.808.600'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) of colorectal cancer liver metastases by irinotecan-eluting microspheres in a salvage patient population.
|
PURPOSE: This prospective study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of TACE using irinotecan loaded superabsorbent polymer (SAP) microspheres for treatment of colorectal cancer liver metastases (CCLM) in a salvage setting of patients.METHODS: A total of 71 TACE procedures were performed in 29 patients with liver only or liver-dominant CCLM. In all patients, systemic chemotherapy before TACE had failed. Two hundred milligrams of irinotecan were loaded into 50-100 mg of SAP microspheres (HepaSphere™ Microspheres) considering tumor size and vascularization. TACE was performed selectively with respect to tumor distribution. Response was evaluated following RECIST and EASL criteria, respectively. Median follow-up after last TACE was 8 (range 1-54) months. All patients had died at time of analysis.RESULTS: All TACE procedures were performed successfully; 35-400 mg (mean 168.3 mg) of irinotecan loaded in 13-100 mg (mean 48.3 mg) SAP microspheres were injected during individual sessions. No major complications occurred. Three, 6, and 12 months after first TACE complete and partial response was present in 72, 32 %, 0 of patients by EASL criteria and stable disease was seen in 86, 48, and 8 % with no complete and no partial response by RECIST criteria. Median overall survival after first TACE was 8 months, and median time to progression was 5 months. Median overall survival was longer in patients with limited (<25 %) compared with extensive (>50 %) intrahepatic disease (21 vs. 5 months, p < 0.005).CONCLUSIONS: TACE using irinotecan loaded SAP microspheres is safe and effective in terms of tumor necrosis. Survival benefit in a salvage setting seems to be limited in patients with advanced intrahepatic tumor load.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic', 'Camptothecin', 'Chemoembolization, Therapeutic', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Drug Carriers', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Irinotecan', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Microspheres', 'Middle Aged', 'Polymers', 'Prospective Studies', 'Salvage Therapy', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 23,670,568
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.248.179'], ['D03.132.151'], ['E02.520.360.150', 'E02.926.500.150'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['D26.255.260', 'E02.319.300.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.132.151.425'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['E07.565'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E02.895'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Pulsed electromagnetic fields modulate bone metabolism via RANKL/OPG and Wnt/â-catenin pathways in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis: A pilot study.
|
Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) have been proven to enhance in vitro and in vivo osteogenesis with unknown mechanism. Aim of our study was to explore whether RANKL/OPG and Wnt/â-Catenin pathways could be involved in bone response to PEMFs in a setting of postmenopausal osteoporotic women. Forty-three women (mean age 62.8 ± 4.5 yr.) were randomized into two groups. The PEMFs group received PEMFs treatment (50 min treatment session/day, 6 treatment sessions/week, for a total of 25 times), by wearing a specific gilet applied to the trunk and connected to the electromagnetic device (Biosalus, by HSD Srl, Serravalle RSM), while women assigned to control group received sham PEMFs with the same device. BSAP as bone formation and CTX as bone resorption markers, RANKL, OPG, â-Catenin, DKK-1 and sclerostin were obtained at baseline, after 30 and 60 days. In PEMFs group, BSAP levels significantly increased after 30 and 60 days while CTX concentrations decreased at day 60. RANKL levels significantly decreased after 60 days. OPG was not significantly changed, but the RANKL/OPG ratio significantly decreased at day 30. DKK-1 levels decreased, while â-catenin concentrations increased after 30 and 60 days (P < 0.05). No significant changes of calcium, phosphorus, creatinine and sclerostin were detected. In the PEMFs group, at day 30, Äsclerostin was associated with ÄRANKL/OPG ratio (r = -0.5, P = 0.03) and ÄDKK-1 was associated with Äâ-Catenin (r = -0.47, P = 0.02). In women with postmenopausal osteoporosis, our data provide evidence of a PEMFs modulation of RANKL/OPG and Wnt/â-Catenin signaling pathways able to explain the metabolic effects of PEMFs on bone.
|
['Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing', 'Biomarkers', 'Bone Morphogenetic Proteins', 'Bone Remodeling', 'Bone and Bones', 'Calcium', 'Creatinine', 'Electromagnetic Fields', 'Female', 'Genetic Markers', 'Humans', 'Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Biological', 'Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal', 'Osteoprotegerin', 'Pilot Projects', 'RANK Ligand', 'Wnt Signaling Pathway']
| 30,010,081
|
[['D12.644.360.024', 'D12.776.157.057', 'D12.776.476.024'], ['D23.101'], ['D12.644.276.954.200', 'D12.776.467.942.200', 'D23.529.942.200'], ['G11.427.213', 'G16.762.150'], ['A02.835.232', 'A10.165.265'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['G01.358.500.260', 'G01.358.750.500'], ['D23.101.387', 'G05.695.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276', 'D12.776.467', 'D23.529'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.599.395'], ['C05.116.198.579.610', 'C18.452.104.579.610'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.949.249'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['D12.644.276.374.750.562', 'D12.776.467.374.750.562', 'D23.529.374.750.562'], ['G02.111.820.925', 'G04.835.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cysticerci of Taenia mustelae in the fox squirrel.
|
The liver of a fox squirrel (Sciurus niger rufiventer) contained many clear, spherical cysts approximately 1 mm in diameter throughout the parenchyma. On dissection, most of these exhibited a dense, white area with four muscular suckers at a single point on the bladder. Based on the size of the organisms, the characteristically tiny hooks on the scolex and the location of the cysts in this host, the parasites were identified as cysticerci of Taenia mustelae. This is the first report in this host. The parasites were surrounded by an intense inflammatory response consisting primarily of lymphocytes mixed with some eosinophils, and early deposition of fibrous connective tissue.
|
['Animals', 'Cysticercosis', 'Cysticercus', 'Liver', 'Rodent Diseases', 'Sciuridae', 'Taenia']
| 2,338,737
|
[['B01.050'], ['C01.610.335.190.902.185'], ['B01.050.500.500.736.215.895.286'], ['A03.620'], ['C22.795'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.750'], ['B01.050.500.500.736.215.895']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Combined skeletal and soft tissue reconstruction for severe Parry-Romberg syndrome.
|
Parry-Romberg syndrome is an acquired facial deformity that manifests as progressive hemifacial atrophy that has unknown cause. Many surgical techniques to address it have been reported, such as fat transplantation and use of free flaps. Undoubtedly, the results of such techniques can be satisfactory for mild hemifacial atrophy after soft tissue restoration. But in severe cases, except for large-scale soft tissue atrophy, the osseous framework is involved, rendering their management difficult, and the results are often inadequate. On the basis of the severity of facial soft tissue atrophy and the extent of involvement of the osseous framework, we classified the deformities into 3 groups: (1) Mild: the facial atrophic area is confined to a small region and is located in the lateral face, the nasal ala and upper lip are normal, and there is no deviation of the oral commissure, and the occlusal plane is horizontal. (2) Moderate: there are large areas of soft tissue atrophy, and the nasal ala and upper lip are also affected; the oral commissure is deviated; the bony framework is nearly normal; and the occlusal plane is nearly horizontal or slightly deviated. (3) Severe: moderate form of soft tissue atrophy and serious bone framework atrophy, involving the zygoma, maxilla, and mandible; the chin and occlusal plane have deviated extensively to the affected side.In this article, we report our experience in successfully treating 23 patients with severe Parry-Romberg syndrome, according to our classification; mild and moderate cases were not included in this series. Microsurgical flap transplantation, lipoinjection, liposuction revision, dermis grafting, and cross-lip flap were used to correct soft tissue deformities, and bone augmentation using the MEDPOR implant, orthognathic surgery, bone grafting, and mandibular distraction were performed to reconstruct the bone framework.
|
['Adipose Tissue', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Bone Transplantation', 'Facial Hemiatrophy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Maxillofacial Prosthesis', 'Orthognathic Surgical Procedures', 'Osteogenesis, Distraction', 'Osteotomy', 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures', 'Skin Transplantation', 'Surgical Flaps', 'Syndrome', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 21,558,914
|
[['A10.165.114'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E02.095.147.725.052', 'E04.555.130', 'E04.936.580.052'], ['C07.465.284', 'C07.465.299.375', 'C10.292.319.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.695.510'], ['E04.545.562', 'E04.555.580.289', 'E06.645.562'], ['E04.555.120.690'], ['E04.555.580'], ['E04.680'], ['E02.095.147.725.700', 'E04.680.275.850', 'E04.936.580.700'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710'], ['C23.550.288.500'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Chemometrics in bioanalytical sample preparation. A fractionated combined mixture and factorial design for the modelling of the recovery of five tricyclic amines from plasma after liquid-liquid extraction prior to high-performance liquid chromatography.
|
A general systematic approach is described for the chemometric modelling of liquid-liquid extraction data of drugs from biological fluids. Extraction solvents were selected from Snyder's solvent selectivity triangle: methyl tert.-butyl ether, methylene chloride and chloroform. The composition of a mixture of the three extraction solvents was varied and the extraction yield (recovery) of a group of tricyclic amines was measured at all compositions selected. Two process variables, the extraction time and the extraction intensity, were varied simultaneously with the mixture variables to study their influence and their interaction with the mixture composition. The combined mixture and factorial design statistical techniques obtained in this way enabled the recovery to be modelled as a function of both the composition of the extraction liquid and the process variables. The models were assessed with regard to both descriptive and predictive capacities. The results showed that structurally related compounds may demonstrate different partitioning behaviour with regard to both mixture variables and process variables. It was concluded that mixtures of solvents result in higher extraction efficiencies for the amines. A positive effect on the extraction efficiency was demonstrated by the extraction intensity process variable and extraction time. A positive effect on the extraction efficiency was demonstrated by an interaction between extraction intensity and time. Mixture models in which process variables were introduced were recognized as being very suitable for modelling liquid-liquid extraction systems.
|
['Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Chromatography, Liquid', 'Humans', 'Models, Chemical', 'Solvents', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet']
| 8,429,081
|
[['D27.505.954.427.700.122.055'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['E05.196.181.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.495'], ['D27.720.844'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The amount of cage bedding preferred by female BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice.
|
In order to improve the welfare of laboratory mice, a number of different environmental enrichment strategies have been developed to provide opportunities for mice to engage in naturalistic behaviors. Providing sufficient cage bedding for mice to use as a burrowing substrate could be considered an environmental enrichment strategy, but few studies have considered the welfare aspects of cage bedding amount. The authors compared the preferences of group-housed female BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice for three different volumes of cage bedding (0.5 l, 1.5 l and 6 l). Mice of both strains but especially C57BL/6 mice showed strong preferences for cages with more bedding. The results highlight the importance of providing a sufficient amount of cage bedding to laboratory mice.
|
['Animal Husbandry', 'Animal Welfare', 'Animals', 'Animals, Laboratory', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Female', 'Housing, Animal', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL']
| 25,526,055
|
[['J01.040.090'], ['I01.880.604.100'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.199'], ['F01.145.113'], ['J03.340.250', 'N06.230.150.360.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Acoustic divergence in the communication of cryptic species of nocturnal primates (Microcebus ssp.).
|
BACKGROUND: A central question in evolutionary biology is how cryptic species maintain species cohesiveness in an area of sympatry. The coexistence of sympatrically living cryptic species requires the evolution of species-specific signalling and recognition systems. In nocturnal, dispersed living species, specific vocalisations have been suggested to act as an ideal premating isolation mechanism. We studied the structure and perception of male advertisement calls of three nocturnal, dispersed living mouse lemur species, the grey mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus), the golden brown mouse lemur (M. ravelobensis) and the Goodman's mouse lemur (M. lehilahytsara). The first two species occur sympatrically, the latter lives allopatrically to them.RESULTS: A multi-parameter sound analysis revealed prominent differences in the frequency contour and in the duration of advertisement calls. To test whether mouse lemurs respond specifically to calls of the different species, we conducted a playback experiment with M. murinus from the field using advertisement calls and alarm whistle calls of all three species. Individuals responded significantly stronger to conspecific than to heterospecific advertisement calls but there were no differences in response behaviour towards statistically similar whistle calls of the three species. Furthermore, sympatric calls evoked weaker interest than allopatric advertisement calls.CONCLUSION: Our results provide the first evidence for a specific relevance of social calls for speciation in cryptic primates. They furthermore support that specific differences in signalling and recognition systems represent an efficient premating isolation mechanism contributing to species cohesiveness in sympatrically living species.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Auditory Perception', 'Cheirogaleidae', 'Female', 'Madagascar', 'Male', 'Sound Spectrography', 'Species Specificity', 'Vocalization, Animal']
| 18,462,484
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['F02.463.593.071', 'G07.888.125'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.700.200'], ['Z01.639.520.500'], ['E05.855'], ['G16.824'], ['F01.145.113.055.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Congenital and surgically acquired Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in patients with tricuspid atresia.
|
OBJECTIVES: There are reports associating an increased incidence of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome with tricuspid atresia. Here we report on electrophysiologic studies in patients with tricuspid atresia and Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome after the Fontan operation. In these patients the atrial arrhythmia often seen in patients undergoing the Fontan operation triggered atrioventricular re-entrant tachycardia or caused life-threatening arrhythmias.METHODS: Five patients with tricuspid atresia after palliation with a modified Fontan operation (atrioinfundibular connections) and Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome are presented.RESULTS: Four of these patients had symptomatic paroxysmal orthodromic atrioventricular re-entrant tachycardia and a history of syncope; one of them additionally had atrial flutter with 2:1 conduction to the ventricle. A fifth patient presented with a life-threatening broad-complex tachycardia. In electrophysiologic studies an accessory pathway was localized in the right septal area in 3 patients. In 2 patients the accessory atrioventricular pathways were created by means of surgical intervention, connecting the right atrial appendage to the right ventricular outflow tract. All patients could be managed successfully by means of catheter ablation.CONCLUSIONS: In patients with tricuspid atresia, there are congenital and surgically acquired accessory pathways responsible for the increased rate of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Both types of accessory pathways can and should be treated by means of catheter ablation because atrial arrhythmia often seen in patients undergoing the Fontan operation can trigger atrioventricular re-entrant tachycardia or cause life-threatening tachycardia. Congenital accessory pathways should be excluded carefully before surgical intervention for total cavopulmonary anastomosis in patients with tricuspid atresia.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Catheter Ablation', 'Electrocardiography', 'Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac', 'Female', 'Fontan Procedure', 'Heart Conduction System', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry', 'Tricuspid Atresia', 'Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome']
| 15,999,040
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E02.808.750.500', 'E04.014.760.500'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['E01.370.370.380.245', 'E01.370.405.267'], ['E04.035.410.295', 'E04.100.376.410.295', 'E04.100.376.724.500', 'E04.100.814.868.875.295', 'E04.928.220.370.295', 'E04.928.220.560.500'], ['A07.541.409'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.280.067.845.787.249', 'C14.280.123.875.787.249', 'C23.550.073.845.787.500'], ['C14.240.400.920', 'C14.280.400.920', 'C14.280.484.845', 'C16.131.240.400.920'], ['C14.280.067.780.977', 'C14.280.123.750.977', 'C16.131.240.400.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Comparative anatomical study on fissura nasolacrimalis and nasomaxillaris in skull of the Korean native goat (Capra hircus).
|
We found specific anatomical structure on the fissura nasolacrimalis and fissura nasomaxillaris of the skull of the Korean native goat. It has quite a wide opening on each side of the os nasale and could be classified into four types according to various patterns of articulations of the neighbouring bones.
|
['Anatomy, Comparative', 'Animals', 'Facial Bones', 'Goats', 'Korea', 'Nasal Bone', 'Skull']
| 11,447,935
|
[['H01.158.100.154'], ['B01.050'], ['A02.835.232.781.324'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.513'], ['Z01.252.474.557', 'Z01.586.407'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.665', 'A04.531.378'], ['A02.835.232.781']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
[Which factors affect adhesion to diabetes treatment?].
|
Diabetes Mellitus is one of the gravest public health problems due to its frequency and importance. Its prevalence is estimated between 2 to 6% of the adult population and 16% for those over 65. Due to the personal, economic and sanitary repercussions which it generates and to its own associated degenerative complications, this disease is responsible for a high percentage of deaths. This sickness can not be cured, but it can be controlled and its degenerative complications reduced over the long-term. In recent years, the medical profession has paid special attention to the adherence to treatment plans to control diabetes, bearing in mind which factors interfere in treatment and which are favorable to treatment. The author values the main determining factors for adherence to a treatment plan, such as age, knowledge about diabetes, self care skills, a patient's ability to accept this disease, self-sufficient beliefs, perception of one's symptoms, treatment variables, stress and social assistance.
|
['Diabetes Mellitus', 'Humans', 'Patient Compliance']
| 15,040,595
|
[['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.600', 'F01.145.488.887.500.600', 'N05.300.150.800.500.600']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A device for surface cooling and rewarming in operations on the "dry" heart in babies and children during moderate, deep and profound hypothermia.
|
Following a clinical experience of 100 cardiac operation in infants durind deep hypothermia, as low as 15C, the authors have designed a new bath for the procedure which incorporates several improvements over those used previously. The device described allows continuous cooling or rewarming of the patient at any stage of the operation by addition of more cold or hot water as required. It is possible to operate with the patient prone or on the side at any level of hypothermia, and while using heart lung bypass. The construction facilitates the even distribution of the circulating water, and a thermostatic control allows the temperature to be fixed at any level required.
|
['Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Child', 'Cold Temperature', 'Heart Defects, Congenital', 'Hot Temperature', 'Humans', 'Hypothermia, Induced', 'Infant', 'Posture', 'Water']
| 1,064,398
|
[['E04.100.376', 'E04.928.220'], ['M01.060.406'], ['G01.906.595.272', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.300', 'G16.500.750.775.710.300', 'N06.230.300.100.725.154', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.300'], ['C14.240.400', 'C14.280.400', 'C16.131.240.400'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.258.750'], ['M01.060.703'], ['G11.427.695'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Importance of the plasma soluble HLA-G levels for prognostic stratification with traditional prognosticators in colorectal cancer.
|
An increased peripheral soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) expression has been observed in various malignancies while its prognostic significance was rather limited. In this study, the prognostic value of plasma sHLA-G in 178 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients was investigated. sHLA-G levels were analyzed by specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data showed sHLA-G levels were significantly increased in CRC patients compared with normal controls (36.8 U/ml vs 25.4 U/ml, p = 0.009). sHLA-G in the died were obviously higher than that of alive CRC patients (46.8 U/ml vs 27.4 U/ml, p = 0.012). Patients with sHLA-G above median levels (? 36.8 U/ml, sHLA-Ghigh) had a significantly shorter survival time than those with sHLA-Glow (< 36.8 U/ml, p < 0.001), and sHLA-G could be an independent prognostic factor for CRC patients. With stratification of clinical parameters in survival by sHLA-Glow and sHLA-Ghigh, sHLA-G exhibited a significant predictive value for CRC patients of the female (p = 0.036), the elder (p = 0.009), advanced tumor burden (T3 + 4, p = 0.038), regional lymph node status (N0, p = 0.041), both metastasis status (M0, p = 0.014) and (M1, p=0.018), and clinical stage (I + II, p = 0.018), respectively. Summary, our data demonstrated for the first time that sHLA-G levels is an independent prognosis factor and improves the prognostic stratification offered by traditional prognosticators in CRC patients.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Female', 'HLA-G Antigens', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Prognosis', 'Proportional Hazards Models']
| 28,415,627
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D23.101.140'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['D12.776.395.550.489.700', 'D12.776.543.550.439.700', 'D23.050.301.500.100.700', 'D23.050.301.500.450.700', 'D23.050.705.552.100.700', 'D23.050.705.552.450.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Sudden cardiac arrest in end-stage renal disease patients on dialysis: A nationwide study.
|
BACKGROUND: Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is frequently encountered in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on dialysis. There is a dearth of national data on SCA-associated outcomes in this specific patient population. The aim of the present study is to study these parameters from a nationally representative US population.METHODS: Data were extracted from National Inpatient Sample database from October 2005 to December 2014. All patients with clinical encounter of dialysis during the study period were enrolled. Patients who underwent SCA, ventricular fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, and ventricular flutter were then identified by applying relevant International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. Patients with acute kidney injury and prior renal transplant were excluded. Propensity matching was done to balance covariates among study groups. Logistic regression analysis was done to assess for predictors of SCA-associated mortality in ESRD patients on dialysis.RESULTS: A total of 1 147 760 patients were included in the final analyses. Patients who suffered SCA were older when compared to the non-SCA cohort and had a higher burden of comorbidities. About half (52.10%) of ESRD patients who suffered SCA died. Advanced age, metabolic acidosis, and cardiogenic shock were independently associated with reduced survival after SCA. New implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation continues to be low in this patient population at discharge.CONCLUSION: SCA in settings of ESRD on dialysis carries high mortality and frequent morbidity. Further research in therapeutic interventions that could prevent SCA in this vulnerable population is utmost needed.
|
['Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Comorbidity', 'Death, Sudden, Cardiac', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Propensity Score', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Risk Factors', 'Survival Analysis', 'United States']
| 30,225,901
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['C14.280.383.220', 'C23.550.260.322.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.675', 'N05.715.360.750.625.620', 'N06.850.520.830.600.650'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Pathogenic variant burden in the ExAC database: an empirical approach to evaluating population data for clinical variant interpretation.
|
BACKGROUND: The frequency of a variant in the general population is a key criterion used in the clinical interpretation of sequence variants. With certain exceptions, such as founder mutations, the rarity of a variant is a prerequisite for pathogenicity. However, defining the threshold at which a variant should be considered "too common" is challenging and therefore diagnostic laboratories have typically set conservative allele frequency thresholds.METHODS: Recent publications of large population sequencing data, such as the Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC) database, provide an opportunity to characterize with accuracy and precision the frequency distributions of very rare disease-causing alleles. Allele frequencies of pathogenic variants in ClinVar, as well as variants expected to be pathogenic through the nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) pathway, were analyzed to study the burden of pathogenic variants in 79 genes of clinical importance.RESULTS: Of 1364 BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants that are well characterized as pathogenic or that are expected to lead to NMD, 1350 variants had an allele frequency of less than 0.0025%. The remaining 14 variants were previously published founder mutations. Importantly, we observed no difference in the distributions of pathogenic variants expected to be lead to NMD compared to those that are not. Therefore, we expanded the analysis to examine the distributions of NMD expected variants in 77 additional genes. These 77 genes were selected to represent a broad set of clinical areas, modes of inheritance, and penetrance. Among these variants, most (97.3%) had an allele frequency of less than 0.01%. Furthermore, pathogenic variants with allele frequencies greater than 0.01% were well characterized in publications and included many founder mutations.CONCLUSIONS: The observations made in this study suggest that, with certain caveats, a very low allele frequency threshold can be adopted to more accurately interpret sequence variants.
|
['DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Databases, Genetic', 'Exome', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genetic Variation', 'Humans', 'Mutation', 'Rare Diseases']
| 28,166,811
|
[['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.325', 'L01.470.750.750.325'], ['G05.360.340.011'], ['G05.330'], ['G05.365'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.590'], ['C23.550.291.906']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of dietary calcium on colon carcinogenesis induced by a single injection of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in rats.
|
The purpose of this study was to determine if high levels of dietary calcium could inhibit the induction of colon tumors in rats injected with a single dose of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH). Rats were given a single subcutaneous injection of DMH (200 mg/kg body weight) 2 wk before they were fed purified diets containing 5% fat and four different levels of calcium (as calcium gluconate). After 8 mo, the following incidences of colon tumors (total) were seen: 0.2% Ca, 56%; 0.5% Ca [National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council (NAS/NRC) recommended level], 75%; 1.0% Ca, 61%; 2.0% Ca, 41%. Thus, rats fed calcium at levels above or below the NAS/NRC recommendation had lower tumor incidences. The total tumor incidence and the incidence of adenocarcinomas (with or without invasion) were not significantly affected by calcium, but the incidences of benign adenomatous polyps and of distal colon tumors were significantly affected. Autoradiographic examination of [3H]thymidine-treated rats revealed that the level of calcium did not significantly alter the cell kinetic indices in the distal colon. In the proximal colon, however, the 0.2% Ca group had a significantly larger proliferative zone, with significantly more labeled cells present at the bottom of the colon crypt. Mineral analysis of tibias and serum samples revealed that rats fed higher levels of calcium had lower bone Fe and serum Mg contents, but no significant trends were seen for Ca, P, Zn or Cu. Therefore, increasing or decreasing the calcium content above or below the NAS/NRC recommendation (supplemented to low fat diets) during the promotional phase of colon carcinogenesis altered the tumor incidence, but the effect was confined to the distal colon and to benign adenomatous polyps.
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['1,2-Dimethylhydrazine', 'Animals', 'Autoradiography', 'Body Weight', 'Bone Density', 'Calcium, Dietary', 'Carcinogens', 'Cell Division', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Dimethylhydrazines', 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred F344']
| 2,007,910
|
[['D02.442.600.400.200'], ['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.750.132', 'E05.200.750.132', 'E05.799.256'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['G11.427.100'], ['D01.146.395'], ['D27.888.569.100'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['D02.442.600.400'], ['A03.556.124.369', 'A10.615.550.444'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.200', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.200']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Fractalkine induces angiogenic potential in CX3CR1-expressing monocytes.
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We report the unique role of CX3CL1 (or fractalkine) on CD11b+ myelomonocytic cells expressing CX3CR1, the only known receptor for CX3CL1, in promoting blood perfusion recovery. In a mouse ischemic hind-limb model, CD11b+ CX3CR1+ cells migrated to ischemic femoral muscles through CX3CL1-mediated chemotaxis. CD11b+ CX3CR1+ macrophages isolated from ischemic tissues [tissue (T)-CD11b+ CX3CR1+ ] of muscle exert a proangiogenic effect through platelet factor-4 (CXCL4; PF-4) production. PF-4 does not promote angiogenesis by itself but, instead, increases VEGF-mediated angiogenesis. Despite proangiogenic effects of muscle-derived T-CD11b+ CX3CR1+ macrophages, their clinical implementation is limited because muscle excision is required for cell harvesting. Therefore, we focused on the more accessible bone marrow (BM)-CD11b+ CX3CR1+ monocytes, which migrate from BM into ischemic muscles via CX3CL1-mediated chemotaxis. PF-4 expression was not detected in BM-CD11b+ CX3CR1+ monocytes under normal conditions, but CX3CL1 (50 ng/ml) induced high PF-4 expression and enabled BM-CD11b+ CX3CR1+ monocytes to achieve a similar angiogenic potential to that of T-CD11b+ CX3CR1+ macrophages ex vivo. Furthermore, we were able to identify a subset of monocytes that express CD11b and CX3CR1 in human peripheral blood and confirmed the proangiogenic effect of CX3CL1 treatment. Thus, CX3CL1-treated CD11b+ CX3CR1+ monocytes may be of potential therapeutic use to significantly accelerate recovery of blood perfusion in ischemic diseases.
|
['Animals', 'CD11b Antigen', 'CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Chemokine CX3CL1', 'Chemotaxis', 'Female', 'Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells', 'Humans', 'Ischemia', 'Macrophages', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Monocytes', 'Neovascularization, Physiologic', 'Signal Transduction']
| 28,978,662
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.074.750', 'D12.776.543.550.200.093.750', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.100.150', 'D12.776.543.750.705.833.062', 'D23.050.301.350.074.049'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.160.500.150', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.125.500.150', 'D12.776.543.750.830.700.315'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.130.500', 'D12.776.467.374.200.130.500', 'D12.776.543.193', 'D23.125.300.130.500', 'D23.469.200.130.500', 'D23.529.374.200.130.500'], ['F01.145.113.780.500', 'F01.145.875.439.500.500', 'G04.198.424', 'G07.568.500.590.500', 'G11.427.410.568.850.500'], ['A11.436.275.682'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.513'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['G09.330.630'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
High-throughput functional screen of mouse gastrula cDNA libraries reveals new components of endoderm and mesoderm specification.
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This study describes a cross-species functional screen of mouse gastrula cDNA libraries for components of endoderm and mesoderm specification. Pools of 96 cDNAs from arrayed mouse gastrula cDNA libraries were transcribed into mRNA and injected into either the presumptive mesoderm or the ectoderm of one-cell Xenopus laevis embryos. Injected embryos were examined at gastrula stage by in situ hybridization with endoderm or mesoderm markers. Using this approach, we screened over 700 pools or approximately 60,000 cDNAs. We identified 17 unique cDNAs that function during mesoderm and/or endoderm specification and 16 that cause general morphology changes. Identified molecules fall into eight general functional groups as follows: cell cycle components (seven), transcription factors (four), extracellular secreted molecules (seven), transmembrane receptors (one), intracellular signaling components (five), microtubule components (two), metabolism molecules (three), and unknown (four). Several of the genes we identified would not have been predicted to be involved in endoderm or mesoderm specification, highlighting the usefulness of nonbiased screening approaches. This includes Otx2, which we show is a downstream target of Xsox17beta. The speed, low cost, and high efficiency of this cross-species screen makes it an ideal method for examining cDNAs from difficult-to-obtain sources. Therefore, this approach complements the current mouse molecular genetics systems and provides a powerful means for the genome-wide examination of mammalian gene function.
|
['Animals', 'DNA, Complementary', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Ectoderm', 'Embryo, Mammalian', 'Embryo, Nonmammalian', 'Endoderm', 'Gastrula', 'Gene Library', 'Genes', 'High Mobility Group Proteins', 'Homeodomain Proteins', 'Mesoderm', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Otx Transcription Factors', 'RNA, Complementary', 'RNA, Messenger', 'SOXF Transcription Factors', 'Transcription Factors', 'Xenopus Proteins', 'Xenopus laevis']
| 15,632,089
|
[['B01.050'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['D12.776.260'], ['A16.504.273'], ['A16.254'], ['A13.350', 'A16.331'], ['A16.504.407'], ['A16.441'], ['G05.360.325'], ['G05.360.340.024.340'], ['D12.776.660.235.400', 'D12.776.664.235.400'], ['D12.776.260.400'], ['A16.504.660'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.260.400.718', 'D12.776.930.650'], ['D13.444.600.723.480', 'D13.444.735.480', 'D27.720.470.530.600.825.840'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.260.719.600', 'D12.776.660.235.400.750.600', 'D12.776.664.235.400.750.600', 'D12.776.930.823.600'], ['D12.776.930'], ['D12.776.045.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.610.500.562']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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