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[Intracellular interrelations of peripheral blood leukocytes in patients with different forms of chronic otitis media].
|
Variations of the leukocyte count and leukocyte forms were investigated in patients with allergic diseases of the upper airways and middle ear. It was found that there was a discrepancy between the relative and absolute counts of various white blood cells. It was demonstrated mathematically that the counts of various white blood cells were strongly correlated. The relations between them were of two types: labile and stable. Possible pathogenetic mechanisms underlying the eosinophil-lymphocyte index are discussed.
|
['Chronic Disease', 'Eosinophils', 'Humans', 'Hypersensitivity', 'Leukocyte Count', 'Lymphocytes', 'Monocytes', 'Otitis Media', 'Sinusitis']
| 2,360,318
|
[['C23.550.291.500'], ['A11.118.637.415.345', 'A11.627.340.345', 'A15.145.229.637.415.345', 'A15.382.490.315.251'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C20.543'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595', 'E05.200.625.107.595', 'E05.242.195.107.595', 'G04.140.107.595', 'G09.188.105.595'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['C09.218.705.663'], ['C01.748.749', 'C08.460.692.752', 'C08.730.749', 'C09.603.692.752']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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| 1
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|
Arthroscopically assisted proximal extensor mechanism realignment of the knee.
|
An arthroscopically assisted proximal extensor mechanism realignment procedure has been designed and performed on 27 knees in 24 patients. The study group has been followed a minimum of 18 months. The procedure consists of a lateral retinacular release and an arthroscopically controlled plication of the medial patellar retinaculum and oblique fibers of the vastus medialis. The indications for this procedure include recurrent patellar instability and acute initial patellar dislocation with a concomitant fracture of either the patella or lateral margin of the intertrochlear sulcus. Using a simple subjective rating system for the patellofemoral joint, 25 of the 27 knees (92.5%) were subjectively rated good or excellent by the patient. Objective criteria also indicated a high success rate. There were two recurrent subluxations. There were two relatively minor complications. The average time for return to full presurgical activities, including previous sports, was 4 months.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Arthroscopy', 'Child', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Joint Dislocations', 'Joint Instability', 'Knee Joint', 'Male', 'Patella', 'Recurrence']
| 8,442,832
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.388.250.070', 'E04.502.250.070', 'E04.555.113'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.550.518', 'C26.289'], ['C05.550.521'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.624', 'A02.835.232.730.500'], ['C23.550.291.937']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
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|
A randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled trial of modafinil in children and adolescents with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder.
|
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common behavioral disorder in childhood, with an estimated prevalence worldwide of 7%-17% among school-aged children. Modafinil is a centrally acting agent that is structurally and pharmacologically different from stimulants such as amphetamine and methylphenidate. It has been reported that modafinil is effective in diminishing the symptoms of ADHD. The aim of the present study was to further evaluate, under double-blind and placebo-controlled conditions, the efficacy of modafinil for ADHD in children and adolescents. Patients were 46 outpatients, children (35 boys and 11 girls) between the ages of 6 and 15 who clearly met the DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria for ADHD. All study subjects were randomly assigned to receive treatment with modafinil in a film-coated tablet, 200-300 mg/day, depending on weight (200 mg/day for <30 kg and 300 mg/day for >30 kg) (group 1) or placebo (group 2) for a 6-week double-blind, randomized clinical trial. The principal outcome measure was the Teacher and Parent ADHD Rating Scale-IV. Patients were assessed by a psychiatrist at baseline, 14, 28 and 42 days after the medication started. At 6 weeks, modafinil produced a significantly better outcome on the Parent and Teacher Rating Scale scores than placebo. Decreased appetite was observed more often in the modafinil group. The results of this study indicate that modafinil significantly improved symptoms of ADHD, was well tolerated, and may open a new window in the treatment of children with ADHD.
|
['Adolescent', 'Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity', 'Benzhydryl Compounds', 'Central Nervous System Stimulants', 'Child', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Modafinil', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Time Factors']
| 19,439,364
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F03.625.094.150'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.115'], ['D27.505.696.282', 'D27.505.954.427.220'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.115.550'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
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|
A rapid, accurate, immunohistochemical method to label proliferating cells in the digestive tract. A comparison with tritiated thymidine.
|
A rapid immunohistochemical method using 5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU), a thymidine analog, for labeling proliferating epithelial cells was modified and tested for accuracy against standard tritiated thymidine autoradiography (3H-TdR) in rat esophagus, stomach, duodenum, and colon. Either BrdU or 3H-thymidine or both compounds (simultaneously) were injected IP. Histological sections of these tissues were immunostained with monoclonal anti-BrdU antibody, linked to horseradish peroxidase by standard avidin-biotin techniques and stained with diaminobenzidine, or sections were dipped for autoradiography, or both techniques were applied to the same tissue section. Results showed that (a) BrdU labeled the same number of proliferating cells in all organs as 3H-TdR; (b) BrdU colabeled with 3H-thymidine; (c) immunostaining was complete in 3-4 days but standard 3H-TdR took 2 weeks; and (d) qualitative analysis took 50% less time with BrdU than with standard 3H-TdR.
|
['Animals', 'Bromodeoxyuridine', 'Cell Division', 'Digestive System', 'Esophagus', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Male', 'Random Allocation', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Thymidine', 'Time Factors']
| 1,983,830
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.383.742.680.852.300.150', 'D13.570.230.430.196', 'D13.570.685.852.300.150'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['A03'], ['A03.556.875.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D03.383.742.680.705', 'D13.570.230.855', 'D13.570.685.705'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Pattern of diversity in the genomic region near the maize domestication gene tb1.
|
Domesticated maize and its wild ancestor (teosinte) differ strikingly in morphology and afford an opportunity to examine the connection between strong selection and diversity in a major crop species. The tb1 gene largely controls the increase in apical dominance in maize relative to teosinte, and a region of the tb1 locus 5' to the transcript sequence was a target of selection during maize domestication. To better characterize the impact of selection at a major "domestication" locus, we have sequenced the upstream tb1 genomic region and systematically sampled nucleotide diversity for sites located as far as 163 kb upstream to tb1. Our analyses define a selective sweep of approximately 60-90 kb 5' to the tb1 transcribed sequence. The selected region harbors a mixture of unique sequences and large repetitive elements, but it contains no predicted genes. Diversity at the nearest 5' gene to tb1 is typical of that for neutral maize loci, indicating that selection at tb1 has had a minimal impact on the surrounding chromosomal region. Our data also show low intergenic linkage disequilibrium in the region and suggest that selection has had a minor role in shaping the pattern of linkage disequilibrium that is observed. Finally, our data raise the possibility that maize-like tb1 haplotypes are present in extant teosinte populations, and our findings also suggest a model of tb1 gene regulation that differs from traditional views of how plant gene expression is controlled.
|
['Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial', 'Crops, Agricultural', 'Genes, Plant', 'Genetic Variation', 'Genome, Plant', 'Linkage Disequilibrium', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phylogeny', 'Plant Proteins', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Selection, Genetic', 'Species Specificity', 'Zea mays']
| 14,701,910
|
[['A11.284.187.178.170', 'A11.284.187.190.170', 'A20.812.170', 'G05.360.162.178.170', 'G05.360.162.190.170', 'G05.360.337.249.170'], ['B01.650.160', 'G07.203.300.300', 'J02.500.300'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.393', 'G05.360.340.365.500'], ['G05.365'], ['G05.360.340.365'], ['G05.348.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['D12.776.765'], ['G05.365.795'], ['G05.783'], ['G16.824'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Index-matched indium tin oxide electrodes for capacitive touch screen panel applications.
|
Index-matched indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes for capacitive touch screen panels have been fabricated to improve optical transmittance and reduce the difference of reflectance (deltaR) between the etched and un-etched regions. 8.5 nm Nb2O5 and 49 nm SiO2 thin films were deposited by magnetron sputtering as index-matching layers between an ITO electrode and a glass substrate. In case of 30 nm ITO electrode, a 4.3% improvement in the optical transmittance and a deltaR of less than 1% were achieved, along with a low sheet resistance of 90 omega/square.
|
['Electric Capacitance', 'Electrodes', 'Electronics', 'Equipment Design', 'Equipment Failure Analysis', 'Lighting', 'Nanostructures', 'Particle Size', 'Refractometry', 'Tin Compounds', 'Touch', 'User-Computer Interface']
| 24,245,328
|
[['G01.358.500.249.270'], ['E07.305.250'], ['H01.671.293'], ['E05.320'], ['E05.325.192'], ['N06.230.150.410'], ['J01.637.512'], ['G02.712'], ['E05.196.808', 'H01.671.617.755'], ['D01.935'], ['F02.830.816.850', 'G11.561.790.850'], ['L01.224.900.910']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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|
Temporal changes in the serum levels of gonadotrophins and testosterone in male rats bearing subcutaneous implants of 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone.
|
This study has assessed the effect of s.c. implants of 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) on the blood levels of testosterone and gonadotrophins in intact and castrated adult male rats. The rats were bled via cardiac puncture at 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63 and 70 days after DHT implantation. On days 28 and 49 post-implantation, rats were injected with LHRH (25 ng) and bled 15 min later. In intact rats bearing DHT implants, the serum levels of LH and testosterone were suppressed significantly with no significant changes in FSH levels. Ventral prostate, seminal vesicles and the pituitary were reduced significantly in weight when compared with controls with empty implants. DHT significantly inhibited LHRH-induced release of FSH in intact rats. In castrated rats, DHT implants inhibited the secretion of both LH and FSH, with a rise in serum DHT levels. DHT stimulated the LHRH-induced release of LH but inhibited FSH. DHT implants increased the weight of the seminal vesicles and ventral prostate but inhibited the weight of the pituitary when compared to castrated rats bearing empty implants. This study demonstrates specific inhibition of serum LH and testosterone by DHT implants in intact adult rats.
|
['Animals', 'Dihydrotestosterone', 'Drug Implants', 'Drug Interactions', 'Follicle Stimulating Hormone', 'Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone', 'Gonadotropins', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Male', 'Orchiectomy', 'Organ Size', 'Pituitary Gland', 'Prostate', 'Rats', 'Seminal Vesicles', 'Testosterone']
| 1,516,984
|
[['B01.050'], ['D04.210.500.054.040.248', 'D06.472.334.851.968.964'], ['D26.255.210.315'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.288', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.288', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.288'], ['D06.472.699.327.740.320', 'D12.644.400.400.740.320', 'D12.644.456.460', 'D12.644.548.365.740.320', 'D12.776.631.650.405.740.320'], ['D06.472.699.322'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['E04.270.282.679', 'E04.950.165.679', 'E04.950.774.860.618'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['A06.300.747', 'A06.688.357.750', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.500', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.500', 'A08.713.357.750'], ['A05.360.444.575', 'A10.336.707'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['A05.360.444.713'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.429.824', 'D06.472.334.851.968.984']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
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| 1
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|
Analysis of DNA surrounding the breakpoints of chromosomal translocations involving the beta T cell receptor gene in human lymphoblastic neoplasms.
|
DNA containing breakpoints of two different t(7;9) chromosomal translocations was cloned from the T lymphoblastic tumor cell lines SUP-T1 and SUP-T3. Sequence analysis of DNA from the t(7;9)(q34;q34.3) translocation of SUP-T1 revealed that chromosome 9 DNA had recombined with DNA 5' to rearranged D-J regions in the beta T cell receptor gene of chromosome 7. Restriction analysis and hybridization studies using DNA fragments cloned from the t(7;9)(q34;32) translocation of SUP-T3 confirmed that beta T cell receptor DNA is also joined to the DNA of chromosome 9 in these cells. Using hybridization probes for the two breakpoints, several other cases of T lymphoblastic tumors were shown to possess DNA rearrangements near the 9q34.3 and 9q32 sites. Hybridization with the 9q34.3 probe detected multiple transcripts in SUP-T1 RNA and small amounts of larger transcripts in T cells lacking the t(7;9)(q34;q34.3) translocation. This work directly demonstrates that the beta T cell receptor locus may frequently be involved in chromosomal translocations within T lymphoblastic neoplasms.
|
['Chromosome Mapping', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9', 'DNA Restriction Enzymes', 'DNA, Neoplasm', 'Humans', 'Leukemia, Lymphoid', 'Peptide Fragments', 'RNA, Messenger', 'RNA, Neoplasm', 'Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell', 'Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta', 'Recombination, Genetic', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Translocation, Genetic']
| 3,036,364
|
[['E05.393.183'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.325.335', 'G05.360.162.520.300.325.335'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.325.345', 'G05.360.162.520.300.325.345'], ['D08.811.150.280', 'D08.811.277.352.335.350.300', 'D08.811.277.352.355.325.300'], ['D13.444.308.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.337.428', 'C15.604.515.560', 'C20.683.515.528'], ['D12.644.541'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D13.444.735.615'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.816.824'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.816.824.825'], ['G05.728'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['C23.550.210.870', 'G05.365.590.175.870', 'G05.558.860']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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| 0
| 0
| 0
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| 0
| 0
|
[Cushing's disease: do patients remain dependent upon substitution therapy following microsurgical exstirpation of hypophyseal adenomas?].
|
Data on 4 patients with Cushing's disease (2 microadenomas, 2 macroadenomas with chiasma syndromes) demonstrate that a few months after microsurgical extirpation of the pituitary adenoma (and, in macroadenomas, irradiation) the previously suppressed normal ACTH-producing cells recuperate and react adequately to stimulation. Because of the similar behaviour of the remainder of the gland, none of the 4 patients needed hormonal substitution and all were back at work full time about 1 year after the operation. This is in contrast to the obligatory need for corticoid substitution after bilateral epinephrectomy, and affords ground to consider pituitary microsurgery the treatment of choice in these patients.
|
['Adenoma', 'Adrenocorticotropic Hormone', 'Adult', 'Cushing Syndrome', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Gonadal Steroid Hormones', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pituitary Gland, Anterior', 'Pituitary Hormones', 'Pituitary Neoplasms']
| 6,302,834
|
[['C04.557.470.035'], ['D06.472.699.327.935.531.500', 'D06.472.699.631.525.600.531.500', 'D12.644.400.400.935.531.500', 'D12.644.548.365.935.531.500', 'D12.644.548.691.525.690.531.500', 'D12.776.631.650.405.935.531.500'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C19.053.800.367'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['D06.472.334.851'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A06.300.747.500', 'A06.688.357.750.500', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.500.500', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.500.500', 'A08.713.357.750.500'], ['D06.472.699.631', 'D12.644.548.691'], ['C04.588.322.609', 'C04.588.614.250.195.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.211.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.617.477.600', 'C10.228.140.617.738.675', 'C10.551.240.250.700.500.500', 'C19.344.609', 'C19.700.734']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Interaction between vitamin D receptor genotype and estrogen receptor alpha genotype influences vertebral fracture risk.
|
In view of the interactions of vitamin D and the estrogen endocrine system, we studied the combined influence of polymorphisms in the estrogen receptor (ER) alpha gene and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene on the susceptibility to osteoporotic vertebral fractures in 634 women aged 55 yr and older. Three VDR haplotypes (1, 2, and 3) of the BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI restriction fragment length polymorphisms and three ERalpha haplotypes (1, 2, and 3) of the PvuII and XbaI restriction fragment length polymorphisms were identified. We captured 131 nonvertebral and 85 vertebral fracture cases during a mean follow-up period of 7 yr. ERalpha haplotype 1 was dose-dependently associated with increased vertebral fracture risk (P < 0.001) corresponding to an odds ratio of 1.9 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.9-4.1] per copy of the risk allele. VDR haplotype 1 was overrepresented in vertebral fracture cases. There was a significant interaction (P = 0.01) between ERalpha haplotype 1 and VDR haplotype 1 in determining vertebral fracture risk. The association of ERalpha haplotype 1 with vertebral fracture risk was only present in homozygous carriers of VDR haplotype 1. The risk of fracture was 2.5 (95% CI, 0.6-9.9) for heterozygous and 10.3 (95% CI, 2.7-40) for homozygous carriers of ERalpha haplotype 1. These associations were independent of bone mineral density. In conclusion, interaction between ERalpha and VDR gene polymorphisms leads to increased risk of osteoporotic vertebral fractures in women, largely independent of bone mineral density.
|
['Aged', 'Bone Density', 'Estrogen Receptor alpha', 'Female', 'Genotype', 'Haplotypes', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteoporosis', 'Receptors, Calcitriol', 'Receptors, Estrogen', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Risk Factors', 'Spinal Fractures']
| 12,915,669
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['G11.427.100'], ['D12.776.826.750.350.174'], ['G05.380'], ['G05.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.116.198.579', 'C18.452.104.579'], ['D12.776.826.535'], ['D12.776.826.750.350', 'D12.776.930.778.350'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C26.117.500.500', 'C26.404.812']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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| 1
| 0
|
Acetylcarnitine formation during intense muscular contraction in humans.
|
To study the changes in carnitine during intense muscular effort subjects underwent 4 min intermittent electrical stimulation of the quadriceps femoris muscle and on a separate occasion performed 4 min exercise on a bicycle ergometer. Biopsies of the vastus lateralis muscle were taken at rest and after 2 and 4 min of stimulation or exercise. Resting mean muscle total carnitine content was 20.0 mmol/kg dry muscle. Approximately 77% was free carnitine and 19% acetylcarnitine. Four minutes of stimulation or intense exercise did not effect total carnitine but did result in a marked fall in free carnitine and almost equivalent rise in acetylcarnitine. The results indicate that acetylcarnitine is a major metabolite formed during intense muscular effort and that carnitine may function in the regulation of the acetyl-CoA/CoA ratio by buffering excess production of acetyl units.
|
['Acetylcarnitine', 'Adult', 'Carnitine', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscles']
| 3,624,147
|
[['D02.092.877.883.099.090'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D02.092.877.883.099'], ['E05.723.402'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['G11.427.494'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Enhancement or inhibition of tumor growth by interferon: dependence on treatment protocol.
|
MSC cells are tumor cells originally induced in BALB/c mice by Moloney sarcoma virus. In these studies we demonstrated that, although these tumor cells are sensitive in vitro both to lysis by NK or NK-like cells and to the growth-inhibitory effect of murine L-cell interferon (IFN), the growth of the tumor in vivo could be either inhibited or enhanced by IFN. The outcome of in vivo IFN treatment was dependent on the timing and route of IFN administration relative to tumor challenge. IFN given systematically at the same time as tumor challenge resulted in enhancement of primary tumor formation, rate of tumor growth and subsequent progressive tumor growth. In contrast, IFN administered at the site of tumor inoculation on days 1-3 after tumor challenge inhibited tumor formation and growth. Histopathology of tissue sections obtained from the site of tumor challenge confirmed these results. Similar studies performed in mice given 450 rads of X-irradiation showed that IFN could still inhibit tumor growth when administered at the site of tumor inoculation on days 1-3 after tumor challenge. IFN administered simultaneously with tumor challenge, however, did not enhance tumor growth in irradiated mice. These results are consistent with the interpretation that 1) inhibition of MSC-induced tumor growth by IFN has a radioresistant component and 2) the enhancement of MSC-induced tumor formation by IFN is dependent on interaction with a radiosensitive population of cells, possibly lymphoid cells.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Line', 'Interferon Type I', 'Killer Cells, Natural', 'L Cells', 'Mice', 'Moloney murine leukemia virus', 'Neoplasm Transplantation', 'Neoplasms', 'Sarcoma, Experimental', 'Whole-Body Irradiation']
| 6,360,916
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890', 'D23.529.374.440.890'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.537', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.537', 'A15.382.490.555.567.537'], ['A11.251.210.505', 'A11.329.228.505'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B04.613.807.375.525.596', 'B04.820.650.375.525.596'], ['E05.624'], ['C04'], ['C04.557.450.795.830', 'C04.619.857', 'E05.598.500.496.968'], ['E02.815.814', 'E05.980']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Rare occurrence of occult hepatitis C virus in apparently uninfected injecting drug users: a two-centre, masked, case-control study.
|
Occult hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a phenomenon where serum HCV RNA is not detected by sensitive commercial assays, but viral RNA is detected by ultrasensitive techniques. Occult HCV infection has not previously been studied in highly exposed, but apparently uninfected (EU) individuals. Two studies examining occult infection in EU subjects were undertaken - an initial two-centre, masked, case-control study based on cross-sectional samples (n = 35 subjects) and a single-centre confirmatory study based on longitudinal samples (n = 32 subjects). Plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were tested for HCV RNA using an ultrasensitive nested polymerase chain reaction assays. Two EU subjects in the first study (10%) and one in the second study (3%) were found to have consistently detectable HCV RNA. Occult HCV infection occurs in high-risk, apparently uninfected subjects.
|
['Adult', 'Asymptomatic Diseases', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Hepacivirus', 'Hepatitis C', 'Humans', 'Leukocytes, Mononuclear', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Plasma', 'Prevalence', 'RNA, Viral', 'Substance Abuse, Intravenous', 'Young Adult']
| 24,010,647
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C23.550.291.187'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['B04.450.380', 'B04.820.578.344.475'], ['C01.221.250.750', 'C01.925.440.440', 'C01.925.782.350.350', 'C06.552.380.705.440'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555', 'A15.145.229.637.555', 'A15.382.490.555'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['A12.207.152.693', 'A12.207.270.695', 'A15.145.693'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['C25.775.793', 'F03.900.793'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Identification of a transcriptionally inactive p53 mutant by functional analysis of separated alleles in yeasts (FASAY) in a child osteosarcoma tumor: a case report.
|
Tumor suppressor gene p53 is one of the most specific genetic alterations occurring in osteosarcoma pathogenesis. It is thought to be an early and key step in the tumorigenesis of osteosarcoma. However, whether the p53 status is a marker predictive of response to therapy and a marker of prognostic value remains controversial. The choice of p53 status detection method certainly account for discrepancies. The authors used a simple functional assay (functional analysis of separated alleles in yeast) on the tumor sample of an 8-year-old girl presenting with an osteosarcoma of the tibia. While making it possible to exclude the presence of a germline mutation, FASAY indicated the presence of a somatic p53 mutation lacking transcriptional activity on p21 and bax target genes. FASAY also strongly suggested a loss of heterozygosity p53, which was confirmed by cytogenetic analysis. Sequencing of cDNA extracted from yeast colonies containing mutated p53 identified a 213 stop mutation in exon 6. Despite these p53 alterations, the child is still in complete remission after a follow-up of 48 months.
|
['Child', 'Codon, Nonsense', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Loss of Heterozygosity', 'Mutation', 'Osteosarcoma', 'Tibia', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53']
| 15,205,094
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['D13.444.735.544.355.250.235', 'G05.360.335.355.250.235', 'G05.365.590.195'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.590.029.530'], ['G05.365.590'], ['C04.557.450.565.575.650', 'C04.557.450.795.620'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.883'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Emission of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from indoor straw burning and emission inventory updating in China.
|
The emission factors for indoor straw combustion are a major data gap for estimating the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emissions in China. The emission factors for open-fire straw burning were borrowed from our previous study and a rough estimate was developed. As one of the most important emission sources in China, the emission factors for indoor straw combustion needed to be determined and revised accurately. In this study, a representative straw in rural China was collected and burned in similar conditions with those used by countryside families. The smoke produced was sampled and the PAH concentrations were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass selective detection (GC-MSD), and much higher emission factors were found. Based on the newly measured emission factors, the emission amount from indoor straw combustion was updated. In addition, recently published emission factors were compiled in a comprehensive database and some new sources were included. Additionally, the emission inventory was extended to cover the period from 1950 to 2005 and upgraded to a scale resolution of one kilometer. In the updated inventory, the total quantity of 16 PAHs emitted from China was 116,000 tons in 2003, with indoor straw and firewood combustions as the most important sources. Although vehicular emission contributed a relatively small percentage of the total emission, it was still one of the major sources in the urban areas of China. The total PAH emission increased continuously for four decades, starting from 1950, but fluctuated since 1990 due to variations in coke production.
|
['Air Pollutants', 'China', 'Chromatography, Gas', 'Coke', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Environmental Pollutants', 'Environmental Pollution', 'Equipment Design', 'Fires', 'Incineration', 'Poaceae', 'Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons', 'Smoke']
| 18,991,920
|
[['D27.888.284.101'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['E05.196.181.349'], ['D20.345.108.110', 'N06.230.132.258.108.110'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['D27.888.284'], ['N06.850.460'], ['E05.320'], ['N06.230.216'], ['N06.850.860.510.900.600.500'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822'], ['D02.455.426.559.847', 'D04.615'], ['D20.633.937']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Development and validation of a screening instrument to identify cardiometabolic predictors of mortality in older individuals with cancer: Secondary analysis of the Australian Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ALSA).
|
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to identify significant cardiometabolic predictors of mortality among older cancer survivors and develop and validate a screening instrument to assess individual risk of mortality.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective cohort study used collected data from the ALSA. Cox proportional hazards model was used to derive the risk equation for mortality that could be evaluated at 10years. Measures of discrimination and calibration were calculated in the validation cohort.RESULTS: The equation was developed using 294 cancer survivors and validated in 127 different cancer survivors. Significant cardiometabolic predictors of mortality included in the final model are age, sex, history of cerebrovascular disease, non-adherence to exercise guidelines (150min moderate activity per week), and smoking. Discrimination and calibration were acceptable with minimal differences in C statistics (0.0442, 95% CI: -0.0149 to 0.103) and adjusted R2 values (0.0407, 95% CI: -0.181 to 0.0998) between the development and validation cohorts, respectively.CONCLUSION: We have developed and validated the first screening tool to predict cardiometabolic risk of mortality in older cancer survivors and defined centile values for risk classification. Further validation and research on the usability and usefulness of the tool in clinical practice are recommended in order to target cancer survivors for interventions. Cost effectiveness of such an approach should also be examined.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Blood Pressure', 'Body Mass Index', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Early Detection of Cancer', 'Exercise', 'Female', 'Geriatric Assessment', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Metabolic Diseases', 'Neoplasms', 'Overweight', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'South Australia', 'Thinness', 'Waist Circumference']
| 28,642,039
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['C14'], ['E01.390.500'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['E05.318.308.225', 'I01.240.425.350', 'N01.224.425.350', 'N05.715.360.300.360', 'N06.850.505.400.425.350', 'N06.850.520.308.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['C18.452'], ['C04'], ['C23.888.144.699', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['Z01.639.100.968', 'Z01.678.100.373.968'], ['C23.888.144.828', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.828', 'G07.100.100.160.120.828'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160.560', 'E05.041.124.160.875', 'G07.100.100.160.560']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Characterization of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae FCY1 gene encoding cytosine deaminase and its homologue FCA1 of Candida albicans.
|
By functional complementation of a fcy1 null mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we have cloned and characterized the FCY1 gene, encoding cytosine deaminase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and its homologue FCA1, encoding cytosine deaminase in Candida albicans. Disruption of FCY1 resulted in high resistance to 5-fluorocytosine (10(-2) M) and in total loss of cytosine deaminase activity. By contrast the transformation by FCY1 or FCA1 of the haploid FCY1-disrupted host strain restored sensitivity to 5-fluorocytosine and allowed growth on cytosine, as a source of pyrimidine, or ammonium. FCA1 as opposed to FCY1 contains an intron. FCA1 and FCY1 encode respectively 150- and 158- residue proteins of 60% identity. Both Fcy1p and Fca1p share common motifs with cytidine and CMP deaminases, but homology with cytosine deaminase of E. coli could not be detected.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Candida albicans', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Cytosine', 'Cytosine Deaminase', 'DNA, Fungal', 'Escherichia coli', 'Flucytosine', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal', 'Gene Library', 'Genetic Complementation Test', 'Introns', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutagenesis, Insertional', 'Nucleoside Deaminases', 'Plasmids', 'Restriction Mapping', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Transformation, Genetic']
| 9,000,374
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.300.107.795.095.326', 'B01.300.381.147.326', 'B01.300.930.176.326'], ['E05.393.183'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D03.383.742.698.421'], ['D08.811.277.151.486.625'], ['D13.444.308.300'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D03.383.742.698.421.431'], ['G05.308.320'], ['G05.308.330'], ['G05.360.325'], ['E05.393.281.526'], ['G05.360.340.024.220.400', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.515'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.420.601.550', 'G05.365.590.575', 'G05.558.550'], ['D08.811.277.151.486'], ['G05.360.600'], ['E05.393.183.620.650', 'E05.393.712'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G05.728.865']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The pallidosubthalamic projection: an anatomical substrate for nonmotor functions of the subthalamic nucleus in primates.
|
The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is the best target for correcting motor disability in parkinsonian patients with high-frequency stimulation. However, STN stimulation has also been reported to modify cognitive, emotional, and motivational functions. The aim of this study was to analyze the topographic organization of the STN according to its inputs coming from the sensorimotor, associative, and limbic territories of the external globus pallidus (GPe) in monkeys, with special reference to the limbic projection. Axonal tracers were injected into the different functional territories of the GPe. Injection performed in the limbic GPe resulted in labeling of cell bodies in the dorsal nucleus accumbens and in a dense labeling of axons in the anterior and medioventral portion of the STN. In comparison, injections in the associative and sensorimotor GPe led to labeling in the central and dorsolateral parts of the STN, respectively. Individual pallidosubthalamic axons ramified into numerous varicose branches, which were restricted to a given territory in the STN. These data provide a functional cartography of this structure in primates and suggest that behavioral disorders observed in stimulated parkinsonian patients could result from a dysfunction of the limbic part of the STN.
|
['Animals', 'Biotin', 'Calbindins', 'Dextrans', 'Globus Pallidus', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Male', 'Neural Pathways', 'Primates', 'S100 Calcium Binding Protein G', 'Subthalamic Nucleus', 'Wheat Germ Agglutinin-Horseradish Peroxidase Conjugate']
| 15,382,210
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.383.129.308.080', 'D08.211.096'], ['D12.776.157.125.090'], ['D05.750.078.562.272', 'D09.698.365.272'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487.397'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['A08.612'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988'], ['D12.776.157.125.090.500', 'D12.776.157.125.750.750'], ['A08.186.211.200.317.800.800'], ['D08.811.682.732.512.900', 'D12.776.503.499.968.900', 'D12.776.765.678.968.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Low viral suppression and high HIV diagnosis rate among men who have sex with men with syphilis--Baltimore, Maryland.
|
BACKGROUND: The burden of syphilis and HIV among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) in Baltimore, Maryland, is substantial. Syphilis and HIV surveillance data were analyzed to characterize MSM with syphilis, including those with repeat infection and HIV coinfection, to strengthen prevention efforts.METHODS: MSM 15 years or older from Baltimore City or County diagnosed as having early syphilis in 2010 to 2011 were included. Those previously treated for syphilis in 2007 to 2011 were considered to have repeat syphilis infection. HIV surveillance data were used to identify HIV coinfection and assess viral suppression. For MSM not diagnosed as having HIV at or before their syphilis diagnosis, annual HIV diagnosis rates were estimated, using Baltimore City data.RESULTS: Of 460 MSM with early syphilis in 2010 or 2011, 92 (20%) had repeat infection; 55% of MSM with a single diagnosis and 86% with repeat infection were HIV coinfected. Among MSM diagnosed as having HIV, viral suppression was low (25%, or 46% of those with a viral load reported). Among Baltimore City MSM without a prior HIV diagnosis, estimated annual HIV diagnosis rates were high (5% for those with 1 syphilis diagnosis, 23% for those with repeat infection).CONCLUSIONS: Baltimore-area MSM with syphilis, particularly those with repeat infection, represent a unique population for whom coinfection with HIV is high. Increasing frequency of syphilis and HIV testing among Baltimore area MSM with a syphilis diagnosis and prioritizing HIV-infected MSM with syphilis in efforts to achieve viral suppression may improve outcomes locally for both infections.
|
['Adult', 'Baltimore', 'Bisexuality', 'Coinfection', 'Condoms', 'HIV Infections', 'Homosexuality, Male', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mass Screening', 'Secondary Prevention', 'Sexual Behavior', 'Sexual Partners', 'Syphilis']
| 25,763,676
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.107.567.875.500.500.100', 'Z01.433.100'], ['F01.145.802.975.200', 'G08.686.867.200'], ['C01.218'], ['E07.190.270.150'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['F01.145.802.975.500.600', 'G08.686.867.500.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['E02.897', 'N02.421.726.825', 'N06.850.780.750'], ['F01.145.802'], ['M01.778'], ['C01.150.252.400.794.840.500', 'C01.150.252.400.840.500', 'C01.150.252.734.859', 'C01.221.812.281.859', 'C01.778.281.859', 'C12.294.668.281.859', 'C13.351.500.711.281.859']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Engineering of a monomeric green-to-red photoactivatable fluorescent protein induced by blue light.
|
Green fluorescent protein (GFP) and GFP-like proteins represent invaluable genetically encoded fluorescent probes. In the last few years a new class of photoactivatable fluorescent proteins (PAFPs) capable of pronounced light-induced spectral changes have been developed. Except for tetrameric KFP1 (ref. 4), all known PAFPs, including PA-GFP, Kaede, EosFP, PS-CFP, Dronpa, PA-mRFP1 and KikGR require light in the UV-violet spectral region for activation through one-photon excitation--such light can be phototoxic to some biological systems. Here, we report a monomeric PAFP, Dendra, derived from octocoral Dendronephthya sp. and capable of 1,000- to 4,500-fold photoconversion from green to red fluorescent states in response to either visible blue or UV-violet light. Dendra represents the first PAFP, which is simultaneously monomeric, efficiently matures at 37 degrees C, demonstrates high photostability of the activated state, and can be photoactivated by a common, marginally phototoxic, 488-nm laser line. We demonstrate the suitability of Dendra for protein labeling and tracking to quantitatively study dynamics of fibrillarin and vimentin in mammalian cells.
|
['Fluorescent Dyes', 'Light', 'Luminescent Proteins', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton', 'Photochemistry', 'Protein Engineering']
| 16,550,175
|
[['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['D12.776.532'], ['E01.370.350.515.458.500', 'E01.370.350.515.717.250', 'E05.595.458.500', 'E05.595.717.250'], ['H01.181.529.711'], ['E05.393.420.601']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Family interaction and the development of borderline personality disorder: a transactional model.
|
Although no prospective epidemiological studies have evaluated the relationship between family interactions and the development of borderline personality disorder (BPD), there is considerable evidence for the central role of family interactions in the development of BPD. This paper describes the role of family interactions or processes, especially those that might be regarded as invalidating or conflictual, negative or critical, and the absence of more validating, positive, supportive, empathic interactions, in the development of BPD. Perhaps more importantly, the proposed model considers how these parental and family behaviors transact with the child's own behaviors and emotional vulnerabilities, resulting in a developmental model of BPD that is neither blaming of the family member with BPD nor of her or his parents and caregivers, and has important and specific implications for both prevention and intervention.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Borderline Personality Disorder', 'Child', 'Conflict, Psychological', 'Empathy', 'Expressed Emotion', 'Family Relations', 'Humans', 'Internal-External Control', 'Object Attachment', 'Parenting', 'Risk Factors', 'Self Concept', 'Social Support', 'Transactional Analysis']
| 16,613,428
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F03.675.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F01.658.209'], ['F01.752.355', 'F01.752.543.500.500'], ['F01.829.197'], ['F01.829.263.370', 'I01.880.853.150.439'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.379'], ['F02.739.794.624'], ['F01.829.263.370.310'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.752.747.792'], ['I01.880.853.500.600'], ['F04.754.709.838']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The development of the human placental villous tree.
|
The present investigation was undertaken in order to achieve a better understanding of the dynamics of placental villous differentiation. Villous trees from human placentas from different stages of pregnancy (first trimester to full term) were isolated and studied by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. For light microscopy the trees were serially sectioned and two-dimensionally reconstructed. For scanning electron microscopy complete villous trees or freeze-cracked villi were studied. The most important finding was that the mesenchymal villi are continuously newly formed out of the trophoblastic sprouts throughout pregnancy. Because of this they exist in all stages of pregnancy and have to be considered the basis for growth and differentiation of the villous trees. In the first two trimesters they are the forerunners of the immature intermediate villi, whereas in the last trimester the mesenchymal villi are transformed into mature intermediate villi. The immature intermediate villi formed during the first two trimesters are developmental steps towards the stem villi. On the other hand, the mature intermediate villi, which only are developed during the last trimester, produce numerous terminal villi. The latter are not active outgrowths caused by proliferation of the trophoblast, but rather passive protrusions induced by capillary coiling due to excessive longitudinal growth of the fetal capillaries within the mature intermediate villi.
|
['Cell Differentiation', 'Chorionic Villi', 'Female', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Placentation', 'Pregnancy']
| 2,327,595
|
[['G04.152'], ['A10.615.284.473.200', 'A16.254.750.473.200', 'A16.710.189'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['G08.686.784.769.491'], ['G08.686.784.769']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Environmental manipulation in the control of a zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis focus.
|
An investigation is currently underway to assess the efficiency and practicality of combined burrow destruction and removal of chenopods in the control of a zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) focus. Karameh and Sweimeh, situated in the southern Jordan Valley, are stable endemic foci for ZCL. Control measures have been initiated in Karameh and will be maintained for two years. Sweimeh will be used as control. Karameh combines a desert habitat with a high water table created by extensive irrigation. This resulted in an unnatural abundance of chenopods and active rodent colonies throughout the year. Some 50 Psammomys obesus and 6 Meriones tristrami were captured from various colonies. At present, chenopods are being uprooted and burrows destroyed to a depth of 0.5 to 1 meter within a perimeter of 2 Km from Karameh. However, man-made changes of the topography has made the application of control measures more difficult. The effect of control will be assessed through comparison of leishmanin skin tests (LST) positivity in children below the age of six years, from both foci, prior to and post control. Precontrol LST have shown a positivity rate of 33.3% in Karameh and 80.2% in Sweimeh.
|
['Animals', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Environment', 'Gerbillinae', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Jordan', 'Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous', 'Pilot Projects', 'Plants', 'Population Surveillance', 'Rodent Control', 'Skin Tests', 'Zoonoses']
| 7,802,493
|
[['B01.050'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['G16.500.275', 'N06.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['Z01.252.245.500.400'], ['C01.610.752.300.500.400', 'C01.610.858.560.400', 'C01.920.813.400', 'C17.800.838.775.560.400'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['B01.650'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675'], ['N06.850.780.200.650.700'], ['E01.370.225.812.871', 'E05.200.812.871', 'E05.478.594.890'], ['C01.973', 'C22.969']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Estimation of the full marginal costs of port related truck traffic.
|
NY region is expected to grow by additional 1 million people by 2020, which translates into roughly 70 million more tons of goods to be delivered annually. Due to lack of rail capacity, mainly trucks will haul this volume of freight, challenging an already much constrained highway network. What are the total costs associated with this additional traffic, in particular, congestion, safety and emission? Since a major source of this expected flow is the Port of New York-New Jersey, this paper focuses on the estimation of the full marginal costs of truck traffic resulting from the further expansion of the port's activities.
|
['Accidents, Traffic', 'Costs and Cost Analysis', 'Environment', 'Humans', 'Models, Econometric', 'Motor Vehicles', 'New Jersey', 'New York City', 'Ships', 'Transportation']
| 19,796,817
|
[['N06.850.135.392'], ['N03.219.151'], ['G16.500.275', 'N06.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.600.500', 'E05.599.835.890.500', 'N05.715.360.750.530.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.500.600.500'], ['J01.937.500'], ['Z01.107.567.875.500.525'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.530.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530.530', 'Z01.433.741'], ['J01.937.817'], ['J01.937']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Association between parity and the risk for urinary incontinence in women: A meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies.
|
Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common complaint for adult female. Cross-sectional studies suggested parity may link with UI, but the association between them was not well-established. We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the association between parity and UI.Medline and Embase were searched for eligible case-control and cohort studies about parity and UI. Two authors screened the literature and extracted the data independently. Odds ratio (OR) was used as the measure of the effect of parity on UI. We pooled the ORs of different number of parity by a random-effect model. Subgroup analysis was conducted by a subtype of UI. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to see whether the results were stable.Thirteen studies (8 cohorts and 5 case-controls) were included in our meta-analysis, with a total of 74,883 adult females. Our meta-analysis showed that compared with nulliparity, ORs of women with 1, 2, and ?3 parity were 1.43 [95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.90-2.28; I = 81.4%; n = 4], 1.50 (95% CI: 1.02-2.20; I = 82.5%; n = 4), and 1.58 (95% CI: 1.22-2.03; I = 70.1%; n = 7) compared with nulliparity. The OR for any multiparity to nulliparity was 1.68 (95% CI: 1.39-2.03; I = 0%; n = 4). Subgroup analysis showed that parity was associated with an increased risk of stress UI (OR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.41-3.81; I = 0%; n = 2; 1 compared with null parity) but not urgent UI; However, the definition of parity varies across studies and studies defined parity as delivery times showed higher pooled OR than those not. Sensitivity analysis showed our results were stable.Current evidence suggested that parity was associated with an increased risk of overall and stress UI but not urgency UI, though the definition of parity may differ. Higher parity may have a more significant effect on overall UI. Standardized definition of parity is needed.
|
['Adult', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Parity', 'Prevalence', 'Risk Factors', 'Urinary Incontinence']
| 29,995,798
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G08.686.677', 'G08.686.784.769.472', 'N06.850.490.812.600'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C12.777.934.852', 'C13.351.968.934.814', 'C23.888.942.343.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Invasive urothelial carcinoma with chordoid features of the ureter: a rare entity and review of literature.
|
Invasive urothelial carcinoma (UC) is characterized by some histologic variants that can sometimes lead to diagnostic difficulty. In addition to those described by the World Health Organization. Recently invasive urothelial carcinoma with chordoid features (UCC) has been described as a distinct entity and there are relatively few reported cases in the English-language literature. To date 13 cases of UCC have been reported in 2 case series, respectively in 2009 and 2015. We report the 14(th) case in an 80-year-old female, and to the best of our knowledge this is the second case report of UCC in the ureter. She was admitted to our hospital with macroscopic haematuria and unspecific left lower abdominal pain. Computed tomography scan revealed a soft tissue nodule in the middle of the left ureter. The left nephroureterectomy was performed. Morphologically, 85% areas had acellular myxoid stroma was associated with the neoplastic cells. The neoplastic cells had scant eosinophilic cytoplasm and were arranged into cords closely mimicking chordoma or extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma. 15% areas was typical invasive urothelial carcinoma, and focal areas had transition phenomenon between them. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for CK, 34âE12 and p63, but were negative for S100, AFP, CD34, Syn and CgA. The final histopathological diagnosis was UCC of the ureter.
|
['Aged, 80 and over', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Biopsy', 'Carcinoma', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Ureteral Neoplasms', 'Urothelium']
| 26,823,892
|
[['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D23.101.140'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['C04.557.470.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C04.588.945.947.940', 'C12.758.820.875', 'C12.777.725.676', 'C13.351.937.820.875', 'C13.351.968.725.676'], ['A10.272.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Dietary silymarin improves removal of low density lipoproteins by the perfused rat liver.
|
Silymarin administered to the rats concurrently with high cholesterol diet normalized the high cholesterol diet-induced retardation of disappearance of low density lipoproteins (LDL) from the medium during recirculating perfusion of livers from these rats. We suggest that the improvement of LDL removal by the liver after silymarin treatment contributes to the antihypercholesterolemic effect of silymarin.
|
['Animals', 'Anticholesteremic Agents', 'Cholesterol, Dietary', 'Female', 'Lipoproteins, LDL', 'Liver', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Silymarin']
| 9,684,480
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.186.071.202', 'D27.505.954.557.500.202'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.225', 'D10.212.302.347', 'D10.570.938.208.222'], ['D10.532.515', 'D12.776.521.550'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.268.777', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.268.777']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparison of the effect of various antisera and cobra venom factor on inflammatory reactions in guinea-pig skin. II. The Arthus reaction and the local Shwartzman reaction.
|
The ability of antisera to guinea-pig C3 to inhibit the Arthus and local Shwartzman reactions was studied. They were found to reduce the non-haemorrhagic component of the active and reversed passive Arthus reactions and to delay the appearance of the haemorrhage in the active Arthus reaction. Cobra venom factor, however, had no effect on the non-haemorrhagic components of these reactions and only delayed the appearance of the haemorrhage of the active Arthus reaction. There appeared to be a correlation between the serum complement level and the time taken for the haemorrhage to appear, and between the circulating platelet count and the extent of the non-haemorrhagic, oedematous component of the reaction. The haemorrhagic component of the local Shwartzman reaction was not affected by decomplementation with cobra venom factor. The ability of the antisera to inhibit the haemorrhage of the Shwartzman reaction was not dependent on lowering the serum complement titre. However, the haemorrhage was inhibited if the circulating platelet count was also reduced to very low numbers. Antiserum to zymosan alone had the same effect as anti-beta1C/beta1A globulin (zymosan) in blocking the reaction, although it did not alter the complement levels or the platelet counts. The possibility of an immunological cross-reactivity between zymosan and endotoxin in this action is discussed.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies', 'Arthus Reaction', 'Blood Platelets', 'Complement C3', 'Complement System Proteins', 'Cross Reactions', 'Endotoxins', 'Escherichia coli', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Hemorrhage', 'Immune Sera', 'Inflammation', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Male', 'Ovalbumin', 'Shwartzman Phenomenon', 'Skin', 'Snake Venoms', 'Venoms', 'Zymosan']
| 125,318
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['C20.543.520.100'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['D12.776.124.050.140', 'D12.776.124.486.274.250'], ['D12.776.124.486.274'], ['G12.122.281'], ['D23.946.123.329'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['C23.550.414'], ['A12.207.152.846.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.114.573', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.573', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.573', 'D20.215.401'], ['C23.550.470'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['D12.644.861.557', 'D12.776.034.614', 'D12.776.256.159.157.663', 'D12.776.290.663', 'D12.776.872.557'], ['C14.907.454.810', 'C14.907.940.890', 'C15.378.463.515.810'], ['A17.815'], ['D20.888.850', 'D23.946.833.850'], ['A12.200.935', 'D20.888', 'D23.946.833'], ['D09.698.365.089.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A new type of human interferon produced by peripheral blood mononuclear cells treated with inhibitors of transcription.
|
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from human normal donors treated with inhibitors of transcription produce a protein with the properties of interferon (IFN) [activity against a broad range of viruses, species specificity, lack of blockade of virus attachment, capability to induce in cells durable antiviral state, establishment of antiviral state requiring ongoing protein and RNA synthesis, capability to induce 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase]. This IFN-like protein has a molecular weight of approximately 7000 daltons and is not neutralized by antibody to alpha-, beta-, and gamma-IFNs tested singularly or in a pooled fashion. Taken together the data suggest that this IFN-like protein may indeed be a new type of human IFN.
|
["2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase", 'Chromatography, Gel', 'Dactinomycin', 'Dichlororibofuranosylbenzimidazole', 'Humans', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Interferons', 'Molecular Weight', 'Monocytes', 'Neutralization Tests', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 2,422,300
|
[['D08.811.913.696.445.625'], ['E05.196.181.400.250'], ['D03.633.300.200', 'D04.345.566.252', 'D12.644.641.252'], ['D13.570.800.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['D12.644.276.374.440', 'D12.776.467.374.440', 'D23.529.374.440'], ['G02.494'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.550', 'E05.200.812.735.550', 'E05.478.594.760.550'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Myocardial revascularization of the anterior descending coronary artery with left internal mammary artery by means of extracorporeal circulation: 10 years follow-up].
|
BACKGROUND: The use of left internal mammary artery (LIMA) as a graft to anterior descending artery (LAD) has been associated with better long term results in coronary surgery.AIM: To assess and report the long-term results of LIMA to LAD bypass grafting for isolated LDA lesions.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of the medical records and surgical protocols of 40 patients (aged 60+/-10 years, 28 male) subjected to coronary surgery between 1992 and 2002.RESULTS: Thirty-four patients presented with unstable angina. On angiography, the LAD had a proximal obstruction in 35 patients. Sixteen presented with a myocardial infarction of the LAD territory. Six were managed previously with angioplasty; four had a new critical obstruction, 1 was catalogued as a procedure failure, and one was totally occluded. There was no operative mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke or need for re operation. There were two late deaths, caused by an advanced cardiac failure at 120 months in one patient, and chronic renal failure at 61 months of follow-up in another. Actuarial survival probability was 100%, 93% and 75% at 1, 5 and 10 years. Probability of freedom from angina was 98%, and freedom of suffering a new myocardial infarction was 100% at more than 10 years. The probability of no need for a new coronary procedure (angioplasty or surgery) also was 100% at more than 10 years.CONCLUSIONS: The use of LIMA as a coronary bypass graft to LAD is a safe surgical technique, with an excellent duration and permeability and also provides a prolonged time free from cardiac events as mortality, angina, myocardial infarction, and the need of a new coronary procedure.
|
['Actuarial Analysis', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Angina, Unstable', 'Coronary Disease', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Extracorporeal Circulation', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Internal Mammary-Coronary Artery Anastomosis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Myocardial Revascularization', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 16,163,425
|
[['E05.318.740.100', 'N05.715.360.750.100', 'N06.850.520.830.100'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.280.647.187.150', 'C14.907.585.187.150', 'C23.888.592.612.233.500.150'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['E04.292'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.100.376.719.332.400', 'E04.100.814.868.750.400', 'E04.928.220.520.220.380'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['E04.100.376.719', 'E04.928.220.520'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Decisional algorithm in extended neoplasms of the hypopharynx and the cervical esophagus].
|
Hypopharynx reconstruction must deal with restoration of not a simple tubed conduit but a complex arrangement of constrictive and propulsive forces with fine sensory circuits. The chosen surgical approach should guarantee both complete removal of tumor and re-establishement of the two primary functions of the district: first swallowing and then phonation. We retrospectively reviewed data of 67 patients who had undergone oncologic reconstruction of hypopharynx with either pedicled or free flaps at the ENT Department of IRCCS Policlinico S Matteo, University of Pavia, between November 1994 and July 2004. Type and extension of the defect following cancer removal guided the selection of reconstructive procedure. Partial defects, with more than 50% mucosa spared, in absence of chance of being closed primarly, were covered with radial forearm free flaps as first choice; pedicled flaps such as pectoralis major and SCM rotational flaps were used instead if free flaps contraindicated by general and/or local conditions. With circumferential defects reconstruction was accomplished by means of jejunum free flap, as first choice. Adverse local abdominal conditions mandated the alternative use of either tubulized or tunnelized fasciocutaneous free flaps, such as radial forearm and lateral thigh. When free flaps use contraindicated, or in case of salvage surgery after flap loss, pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi pedicled flap were chosen. Both reconstructions with free and pedicled flaps were successful in an high percentage of cases (>85%). Analysis of incidence and causes of flap failure are reported in this work. In the free flaps group of patients a lower rate of complications were registered, allowing a faster patient discharge from hospital (36% versus 81.3%). An oral swallowing function was gained in 92% of free flaps and 62.5% of pedicled flaps. Excellent and exclusive oral nutrition (free diet), was obtained in 54% of free flaps and 25% of pedicled flaps. None of patients undergone laryngectomy coupled in both groups with pharyngectomy achieved an intelligible esophageal speech. Only patients in the free flaps group benefitted from voice prosthesis implant: in fact this procedure was avoided in pedicled flaps due to the excessive tissue bulk. In conclusion, the data collected suggest that free flaps rapresent the first choice for both partial and total oncologic hypopharyngeal reconstruction, while pedicled flaps should be taken into account when free ones contraindicated by general or vascular conditions.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Algorithms', 'Esophageal Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neck', 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 16,437,981
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['C04.588.274.476.205', 'C04.588.443.353', 'C06.301.371.205', 'C06.405.117.430', 'C06.405.249.205'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.443.665.710.485', 'C07.550.745.436', 'C09.647.710.485', 'C09.775.549.485'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A01.598'], ['E04.680'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Histamine synthesis is required for granule maturation in murine mast cells.
|
Mast cells are the major sources of histamine, which is released in response to immunological stimulations. The synthesis of histamine is catalyzed by histidine decarboxylase (HDC). Previous studies have shown that Hdc(-/-) mast cells exhibit aberrant granule morphology with severely decreased granule content. Here, we investigated whether the histamine synthesized in mast cells regulates the granule maturation of murine mast cells. Several genes, including those encoding granule proteases and enzymes involved in heparin biosynthesis, were downregulated in Hdc(-/-) peritoneal mast cells. Impaired granule maturation was also found in Hdc(-/-) BM-derived cultured mast cells when they were cocultured with fibroblasts in the presence of c-kit ligand. Exogenous application of histamine and several H4 receptor agonists restored the granule maturation of Hdc(-/-) cultured mast cells. However, the maturation of granules was largely normal in Hrh4(-/-) peritoneal mast cells. Depletion of cellular histamine with tetrabenazine, an inhibitor of vesicular monoamine transporter-2, did not affect granule maturation. In vivo experiments with mast cell deficient Kit(W) /Kit(W-v) mice indicated that the expression of the Hdc gene in mast cells is required for granule maturation. These results suggest that histamine promotes granule maturation in mast cells and acts as an proinflammatory mediator.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Degranulation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chymases', 'Coculture Techniques', 'Cytoplasmic Granules', 'Female', 'Fibroblasts', 'Histamine', 'Histidine Decarboxylase', 'Male', 'Mast Cells', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled', 'Receptors, Histamine', 'Receptors, Histamine H4', 'Secretory Vesicles', 'Tryptases']
| 24,002,822
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.468.160'], ['A11.251'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.103', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.103'], ['E05.481.500.374'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.500', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.190'], ['A11.329.228'], ['D02.092.211.215.501', 'D02.092.471.440', 'D03.383.129.308.373', 'D23.469.050.300'], ['D08.811.520.224.125.300'], ['A11.329.427', 'A15.382.652'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.695'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.450', 'D12.776.543.750.720.480'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.450.750', 'D12.776.543.750.695.358', 'D12.776.543.750.720.480.750'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.880.810'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.902', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.902']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Biofilm Formation and Motility Are Promoted by Cj0588-Directed Methylation of rRNA in Campylobacter jejuni
|
Numerous bacterial pathogens express an ortholog of the enzyme TlyA, which is an rRNA 2'-O-methyltransferase associated with resistance to cyclic peptide antibiotics such as capreomycin. Several other virulence traits have also been attributed to TlyA, and these appear to be unrelated to its methyltransferase activity. The bacterial pathogen Campylobacter jejuni possesses the TlyA homolog Cj0588, which has been shown to contribute to virulence. Here, we investigate the mechanism of Cj0588 action and demonstrate that it is a type I homolog of TlyA that 2'-O-methylates 23S rRNA nucleotide C1920. This same specific function is retained by Cj0588 both in vitro and also when expressed in Escherichia coli. Deletion of the cj0588 gene in C. jejuni or substitution with alanine of K80, D162, or K188 in the catalytic center of the enzyme cause complete loss of 2'-O-methylation activity. Cofactor interactions remain unchanged and binding affinity to the ribosomal substrate is only slightly reduced, indicating that the inactivated proteins are folded correctly. The substitution mutations thus dissociate the 2'-O-methylation function of Cj0588/TlyA from any other putative roles that the protein might play. C. jejuni strains expressing catalytically inactive versions of Cj0588 have the same phenotype as cj0588-null mutants, and show altered tolerance to capreomycin due to perturbed ribosomal subunit association, reduced motility and impaired ability to form biofilms. These functions are reestablished when methyltransferase activity is restored and we conclude that the contribution of Cj0588 to virulence in C. jejuni is a consequence of the enzyme's ability to methylate its rRNA.
|
['Amino Acid Substitution', 'Biofilms', 'Campylobacter jejuni', 'Escherichia coli', 'Gene Deletion', 'Gene Expression', 'Locomotion', 'Methylation', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 23S', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Virulence Factors', 'tRNA Methyltransferases']
| 29,404,277
|
[['E05.393.420.601.035', 'G05.558.109'], ['A20.593', 'G06.120'], ['B03.440.180.425', 'B03.660.150.235.250.500.375'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['G05.297'], ['G07.568.500', 'G11.427.410.568'], ['G02.111.035.538', 'G02.607.094.538', 'G03.059.538'], ['D13.444.735.686.680'], ['D12.776.828'], ['D23.946.896'], ['D08.811.913.555.500.925']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
In vivo administration of hypomethylating agents mitigate graft-versus-host disease without sacrificing graft-versus-leukemia.
|
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) suppress graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) while preserving a beneficial graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect. Thus, their use in allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) provides a promising strategy to treat GVHD. However, 3 obstacles prevent their routine use in human clinical trials: (1) low circulating number of Tregs in peripheral blood, (2) loss of suppressor function after in vitro expansion, and (3) lack of Treg-specific surface markers necessary for efficient purification. FOXP3 is exclusively expressed in Tregs and forced expression in CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells can convert these non-Tregs into Tregs with functional suppressor function. Here, we show that the FDA-approved hypomethylating agents, decitabine (Dec) and azacitidine (AzaC), induce FOXP3 expression in CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells both in vitro and in vivo. Their suppressor function is dependent on direct contact, partially dependent on perforin 1 (Prf1), but independent of granzyme B (GzmB), and surprisingly, Foxp3. Independence of Foxp3 suggests that genes responsible for the suppressor function are also regulated by DNA methylation. We have identified 48 candidate genes for future studies. Finally, AzaC treatment of mice that received a transplant of major histocompatibility complex mismatched allogeneic bone marrow and T cells mitigates GVHD while preserving GVL by peripheral conversion of alloreactive effector T cells into FOXP3(+) Tregs and epigenetic modulation of genes downstream of Foxp3 required for the suppressor function of Tregs.
|
['Adoptive Transfer', 'Animals', 'Azacitidine', 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'DNA Modification Methylases', 'Decitabine', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Forkhead Transcription Factors', 'Gene Expression', 'Graft vs Host Disease', 'Graft vs Leukemia Effect', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Survival Rate', 'T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory']
| 20,424,188
|
[['E02.095.465.425.400.330.050', 'E05.478.550.520.050'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.145.150', 'D03.383.742.680.245.217', 'D13.570.685.245.217', 'D13.570.800.286.300'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['A11.251'], ['E02.186'], ['D08.811.150.240', 'D08.811.913.555.500.350'], ['D02.145.150.500', 'D03.383.742.680.245.217.500', 'D13.570.685.245.217.500', 'D13.570.800.286.300.500'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['D12.776.260.950.249', 'D12.776.930.977.249'], ['G05.297'], ['C20.452'], ['G12.875.402.320.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.700', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.700', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.700']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Fetal pulmonary maturity: relationship between optical density (650 nm) to the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio and phosphatidylglycerol in amniotic fluid.
|
An optical density value greater than or equal to 0.15 at A650 n m of amniotic fluid obtained through transabdominal amniocentesis from a high risk obstetrical population, which excluded diabetes mellitus, isoimmunization, and amniotic fluid infection, correlated 98.6% with a mature lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio (L/S) greater than or equal to 2.0% and 41.6% with the presence of phosphatidylglycerol (PG). The corresponding false positive rates were 1.4% and 16.8%, respectively. In 30 infants delivered within 48 h of testing, A650 n m greater than or equal to 0.15 correlated 100% with absence of respiratory distress syndrome. A650 n m is not recommended for Rhesus immunized gestations, diabetic pregnancies and amniotic fluid infection due to a high false positive rate with A650 nm compared to L/S and PG.
|
['Amniotic Fluid', 'Female', 'Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture', 'Fetal Organ Maturity', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Lung', 'Phosphatidylcholines', 'Phosphatidylglycerols', 'Pregnancy', 'Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sphingomyelins']
| 6,139,307
|
[['A12.098', 'A16.378.149'], ['C13.703.420.339'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.750', 'G07.345.500.325.377.249', 'G08.686.784.170.157.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['A04.411'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.800'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.885'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C08.381.840.500', 'C08.618.840.500', 'C16.614.521.563'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['D09.400.410.420.525.870', 'D10.390.470.675.870', 'D10.570.755.893', 'D10.570.877.360.612.870']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Transport and hydrolysis of enkephalins in cultured alveolar epithelial monolayers.
|
An in vitro cultured monolayer system of alveolar epithelial cells was used as a model to investigate transport and hydrolysis of two enkephalin peptides, Met-enkephalin (TGGPM) and [D-Ala2]Met-enkephalinamide (TAGPM), in pulmonary epithelium. Isolated alveolar type II cells formed continuous monolayers when grown on microporous tissue culture-treated polycarbonate filters in serum-free, hormonally defined medium. Transport and hydrolysis studies of enkephalins in the monolayer system obtained after 6 days in culture, using fluorescence reversed-phase HPLC, indicate a reduced but significant degradation of enkephalins in the alveolar epithelium compared to most other epithelia previously reported. Aminopeptidases and dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase represent two major hydrolytic enzymes for TGGPM, as indicated by the formation of the degradative products Tyr and Tyr-Gly-Gly, while dipeptidyl peptidase, which is responsible for the formation of Tyr-Gly, contributes much less. The enkephalinase inhibitor thiorphan failed to prevent the hydrolysis of TGGPM whereas the enkephalin analog TAGPM was relatively resistant to enzymatic cleavage. The rate of enkephalin transport across the alveolar epithelium was directly proportional to drug concentration and occurred irrespective of transport direction, suggesting passive diffusion as the major mechanism for transepithelial transport. Agents that affect paracellular transport pathways, e.g., EGTA and the calcium ionophore A-23187, greatly promoted the transport rate. The ionophore at high doses, in addition to promoting tight junction permeability, also caused cellular damage associated with a sustained rise in intracellular calcium levels, as indicated by nuclear propidium iodide fluorescence. The cultured monolayer of alveolar epithelium may be used to study pulmonary drug absorption, degradation, and toxicity.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Transport', 'Calcimycin', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Enkephalin, Methionine', 'Epithelium', 'Hydrolysis', 'Male', 'Pulmonary Alveoli', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley']
| 8,290,482
|
[['B01.050'], ['G03.143'], ['D03.633.100.221.173'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.644.400.575.281.381', 'D12.776.631.650.575.281.381'], ['A10.272'], ['G02.380'], ['A04.411.715'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mental- and physical-health indicators and sexually explicit media use behavior by adults.
|
INTRODUCTION: Converging evidence from culturally diverse contexts indicates that sexually explicit media use behavior (SEMB; i.e., pornography consumption) is associated with risky sexual health perceptions and behaviors, many that involve high risks of HIV/STD transmission.AIM: Essentially unexplored, and the focus here, are potential relationships between SEMB and nonsexual mental- and physical-health indicators.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Variability in six continuously measured health indicators (depressive symptoms, mental- and physical-health diminished days, health status, quality of life, and body mass index) was examined across two levels (users, nonusers) of SEMB.METHODS: A sample of 559 Seattle-Tacoma Internet-using adults was surveyed in 2006. Multivariate general linear models parameterized in a SEMB by respondent gender (2 ? 2) factorial design were computed incorporating adjustments for several demographics.RESULTS: SEMB was reported by 36.7% (n = 205) of the sample. Most SEMB users (78%) were men. After adjusting for demographics, SEMB users, compared to nonusers, reported greater depressive symptoms, poorer quality of life, more mental- and physical-health diminished days, and lower health status.CONCLUSIONS: The findings show that mental- and physical-health indicators vary significantly across SEMB, suggesting the value of incorporating these factors in future research and programmatic endeavors. In particular, the findings suggest that evidence-based sexual health promotion strategies simultaneously addressing individuals' SEMB and their mental health needs might be a useful approach to improve mental health and address preventable sexual health outcomes associated with SEMB.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Data Collection', 'Depression', 'Erotica', 'Female', 'Health Status', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mental Health', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Quality of Life', 'Sex Factors', 'Sexual Behavior', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Washington', 'Young Adult']
| 20,946,159
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['E05.318.308', 'L01.399.250', 'N05.715.360.300', 'N06.850.520.308'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['K01.517.414', 'L01.178.682.441'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.418', 'N01.400.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['F01.145.802'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['Z01.107.567.875.560.900', 'Z01.107.567.875.580.900'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Can rare positive interactions become common when large carnivores consume livestock?
|
Livestock populations in protected areas are viewed negatively because of their interaction with native ungulates through direct competition for food resources. However, livestock and native prey can also interact indirectly through their shared predator. Indirect interactions between two prey species occur when one prey modifies either the functional or numerical responses of a shared predator. This interaction is often manifested as negative effects (apparent competition) on one or both prey species through increased predation risk. But indirect interactions can also yield positive effects on a focal prey if the shared predator modifies its functional response toward increased consumption of an abundant and higher-quality alternative prey. Such a phenomenon between two prey species is underappreciated and overlooked in nature. Positive indirect effects can be expected to occur in livestock-dominated wildlife reserves containing large carnivores. We searched for such positive effects in Acacia-Zizhypus forests of India's Gir sanctuary where livestock (Bubalus bubalis and Bos indicus) and a coexisting native prey (chital deer, Axis axis) are consumed by Asiatic lions (Panthera leo persica). Chital vigilance was higher in areas with low livestock density than in areas with high livestock density. This positive indirect effect occurred because lion predation rates on livestock were twice as great where livestock were abundant than where livestock density was low. Positive indirect interactions mediated by shared predators may be more common than generally thought with rather major consequences for ecological understanding and conservation. We encourage further studies to understand outcomes of indirect interactions on long-term predator-prey dynamics in livestock-dominated protected areas.
|
['Animals', 'Buffaloes', 'Cattle', 'Conservation of Natural Resources', 'Deer', 'Ecosystem', 'India', 'Lions', 'Models, Biological', 'Models, Statistical', 'Population Density', 'Predatory Behavior']
| 22,624,309
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.135'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['J01.256', 'N06.230.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.373'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.600.500'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['N01.224.600', 'N06.850.505.400.600'], ['F01.145.113.111.600', 'F01.145.113.252.520']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Large-pore monodispersed mesoporous silica spheres: synthesis and application in HPLC.
|
Monodispersed mesoporous silica spheres (MMSS) with periodical large-pore size (up to 200 A) and uniform particle size (1-1.7 mum) have successfully been synthesized by utilizing a new kind of surfactant, and they also demonstrated great potential application in HPLC.
|
['Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Particle Size', 'Porosity', 'Silicon Dioxide', 'Surface-Active Agents', 'Temperature']
| 19,225,644
|
[['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['G02.712'], ['G01.374.710'], ['D01.578.750', 'D01.650.550.825', 'D01.837.725'], ['D27.720.877'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Increasing the predictive value positive of the precipitin test for the diagnosis of deep-seated candidiasis.
|
Three hundred fifty human sera were tested by double immunodiffusion, crossed-line electrophoresis, and crossed immuno-affinoelectrophoresis with a concanavalin A intermediate gel for precipitating antibodies to antigens present in cytoplasmic extracts of Candida albicans. Sera from 48 of 287 hospitalized patients at risk of invasive candidiasis contained precipitating antibodies to Candida antigens. Of these 48 sera, 27 had precipitating antibodies only to cell-wall antigens present in the cytoplasmic extract, and 21 sera had precipitating antibodies to both cytoplasmic and cell-wall antigens. The latter sera came from patients who were 2.5 times as likely to have deep-seated candidiasis as those patients with precipitins exclusively to cell-wall antigens. Sera from seven of 22 patients with vaginal candidiasis and 10 of 41 patients with other fungal infections had precipitating antibodies to C. albicans cell-wall antigens; only two of these sera also contained precipitating antibodies to the cytoplasmic antigens. Crossed immunoaffinoelectrophoresis with concanavalin A reduced the number of false-positive results and increased the predictive value positive of the precipitin test for deep-seated candidiasis from 31% to 71%.
|
['Antigens, Fungal', 'Candidiasis', 'Concanavalin A', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunodiffusion', 'Immunoelectrophoresis', 'Precipitin Tests']
| 102,183
|
[['D23.050.202'], ['C01.150.703.160'], ['D12.776.503.499.500', 'D12.776.765.678.500'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645.350', 'E05.200.812.735.645.350', 'E05.478.594.760.645.350', 'E05.478.605.492.350'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645.350.350', 'E05.196.401.568', 'E05.200.812.735.645.350.350', 'E05.301.300.568', 'E05.478.594.760.645.350.350', 'E05.478.605.492.350.350'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645', 'E05.196.150.639.500', 'E05.200.812.735.645', 'E05.478.594.760.645', 'E05.478.605.492']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Single-molecule enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detects serum proteins at subfemtomolar concentrations.
|
The ability to detect single protein molecules in blood could accelerate the discovery and use of more sensitive diagnostic biomarkers. To detect low-abundance proteins in blood, we captured them on microscopic beads decorated with specific antibodies and then labeled the immunocomplexes (one or zero labeled target protein molecules per bead) with an enzymatic reporter capable of generating a fluorescent product. After isolating the beads in 50-fl reaction chambers designed to hold only a single bead, we used fluorescence imaging to detect single protein molecules. Our single-molecule enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (digital ELISA) approach detected as few as approximately 10-20 enzyme-labeled complexes in 100 microl of sample (approximately 10(-19) M) and routinely allowed detection of clinically relevant proteins in serum at concentrations (<10(-15) M) much lower than conventional ELISA. Digital ELISA detected prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in sera from patients who had undergone radical prostatectomy at concentrations as low as 14 fg/ml (0.4 fM).
|
['Blood Proteins', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Microchemistry', 'Prostate-Specific Antigen', 'Prostatectomy']
| 20,495,550
|
[['D12.776.124'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.196.620', 'H01.181.650'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.442.750', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.442.750', 'D12.776.866.249.500', 'D23.050.285.625', 'D23.101.140.625'], ['E04.950.774.860.625']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Isolation and identification of phospholipid molecular species in alpha wild marine shrimp Penaeus kerathurus muscle and cephalothorax.
|
The concentration of TL in Penaeus kerathurus muscle and cephalothorax was 1.03+/-0.04 (75.9+/-0.8% of which was PhL) and 2.36+/-0.07% (45.5+/-0.8% of which was PhL) of the wet tissue, respectively. The phosphatidylethanolamine represented 26.4+/-0.6% (85.6% diacyl- and 14.4% alkyl-acyl- or alkenyl-acyl-analogues) of muscle and 24.7+/-0.2% (90.7% diacyl- and 9.3% alkyl-acyl- or 1-alkenyl-acyl-analogues) of cephalothorax phospholipids while the phosphatidylcholine represented 57.1+/-0.6% (86.9% diacyl- and 13.1% alkyl-acyl- or alkenyl-acyl-analogues) of muscle and 47.2+/-0.4% (89.1% diacyl- and 10.9% alkyl-acyl- or 1-alkenyl-acyl-analogues) of cephalothorax phospholipids, respectively. The main fatty acids of phosphatidylethanolamine were C16:0, C18:0, C18:1 omega-9, C20:4 omega-6, C20:5 omega-3, C22:6 omega-3 and of phosphatidylcholine were C16:0, C18:0, C18:1 omega-9, C20:4 omega-6, C20:5 omega-3. Low percentages of 2-OH C14:0 and cyclo-17:0 fatty acids were also determined. Phosphatidylethanolamine were found to contain a significantly (P<0.05) higher percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids compared to phosphatidylcholine. The omega-3/omega-6 ratio in muscle phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine was significantly (P<0.05) higher to the ones of cephalothorax.
|
['Animals', 'Biochemistry', 'Chemistry, Physical', 'Chromatography, Thin Layer', 'Fatty Acids', 'Fatty Acids, Unsaturated', 'Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry', 'Lipids', 'Models, Statistical', 'Muscles', 'Penaeidae', 'Phosphatidylcholines', 'Phosphatidylethanolamines', 'Phospholipids', 'Thorax']
| 18,252,200
|
[['B01.050'], ['H01.158.201', 'H01.181.122'], ['H01.181.529'], ['E05.196.181.400.537'], ['D10.251'], ['D10.251.355'], ['E05.196.181.349.500', 'E05.196.566.500'], ['D10'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['B01.050.500.131.365.190.660'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.800'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.840'], ['D10.570.755'], ['A01.923.761']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Autocrine growth factors for human tumor clonogenic cells.
|
A human epithelial-derived cell line, SW-13, releases a soluble substance that functions as an autocrine growth factor. SW-13 cells, derived from a human adenocarcinoma of the adrenal cortex, form a few small colonies when suspended in soft agar at low densities. The number of colonies increased significantly when either viable SW-13 cells or serum-free medium conditioned by SW-13 cells (CM) was added to agar underlayers. CM increased colony formation in a dose-dependent fashion. Clonal growth at low cell densities was dependent on the presence of both horse serum and SW-13 CM. Neither activity alone was capable of sustaining growth. Even when cells were plated at high densities CM could not substitute for serum, but could reduce the threshold serum concentration. The results suggest that autocrine and serum-derived factors act in concert to maintain clonal growth of epithelial tumor cells in soft agar.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adrenal Gland Neoplasms', 'Agar', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Line', 'Culture Media', 'Epithelium', 'Growth Substances', 'Humans']
| 4,067,361
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['C04.588.322.078', 'C19.053.347', 'C19.344.078'], ['D09.698.360.041'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['A10.272'], ['D27.505.696.377'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Multiple tests of cost-effectiveness angles.
|
Cost-effectiveness angles are an attractive measure of performance when comparing effects and costs of health-care therapies because they have a clear interpretation and are well suited for statistical inference. In clinical trials, a common setup is the comparison of multiple new therapies with a single control. If cost-effectiveness angles are calculated for each comparison, multiplicity issues should be taken into account when quantifying uncertainty of the point estimates. Therefore, this paper proposes a parametric test for multiple cost-effectiveness angles that guarantees strong family-wise error rate control. The idea is to replace the test of m cost-effectiveness angles as a union-intersection test of 3m linear hypotheses. Considering the correlation structure of the individual test statistics for the linear hypotheses leads to a maximum-type test for the intersection hypothesis. Inverting these test decisions then gives simultaneous CIs of cost-effectiveness angles with the appropriate coverage probabilities.
|
['Biostatistics', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Health Care Costs', 'Humans', 'Linear Models', 'Models, Statistical', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic']
| 22,826,103
|
[['E05.318.740.237'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['N03.219.151.400', 'N05.300.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Computational analysis of composite regulatory elements.
|
Combinatorial regulation is a powerful mechanism for generating specificity in gene expression, and it is thought to play a pivotal role in the formation of the complex gene regulatory networks found in higher eukaryotes. The term "Composite Element" (CE) refers to a minimal functional unit where protein-DNA and protein-protein interactions contribute to a highly specific pattern of gene transcriptional regulation. Identification of composite elements will help to better understand gene regulation networks. Experimentally identified CEs are limited in number, and the currently available CE database COMPEL is based on such published information. Here, based on the statistical analysis of over-represented adjacent transcription factor binding sites, we describe a computational method to predict composite regulatory elements in genomic sequences. The algorithm proved to be efficient for extracting composite elements that had been experimentally confirmed and documented in the COMPEL database. Furthermore, putative new composite elements are predicted based on this method, and we have been able to confirm some of our predictions which are not included in the COMPEL database by searching published information.
|
['Binding Sites', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Computational Biology', 'DNA', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Transcription Factors']
| 12,115,037
|
[['G02.111.570.120'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G05.308'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['G02.111.570.080.689', 'G05.360.080.689'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['D12.776.930']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Inflammation and wound healing in cats with chronic gingivitis/stomatitis after extraction of all premolars and molars were not affected by feeding of two diets with different omega-6/omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios.
|
Feline chronic gingivitis/stomatitis (FCGS) is a painful inflammatory disease in cats. Extraction of teeth, including all premolars and molars, has been shown to be the therapy of choice in cats not responding sufficiently to home care (e.g. tooth brushing) and/or medical treatment (corticosteroids and/or antibiotics). In this study, we hypothesize that a cat food with an omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (ù6 PUFA) to ù3 PUFA ratio of 10:1 reduces inflammation of the FCGS and accelerates soft tissue wound healing of the gingiva after dental extractions, compared to a cat food with a ù6:ù3 PUFA ratio of 40:1. The cats were fed diets with chicken fat and fish oil as sources of fatty acids. In one diet, part of the fish oil was replaced by safflower oil, resulting in two diets with ù6:ù3 PUFA ratios of 10:1 and 40:1. This double-blinded study in two groups of seven cats revealed that dietary fatty acids influence the composition of plasma cholesteryl esters and plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines. The diet with the 10:1 ratio lowered PGD(2) , PGE(2) and LTB(4) plasma levels significantly, compared to the diet with the 40:1 ratio (p = 0.05, p = 0.04, and p = 0.02 respectively). However, feeding diets with dietary ù6:ù3 PUFA ratios of 10:1 and 40:1, given to cats with FCGS for 4 weeks after extraction of all premolars and molars, did not alter the degree of inflammation or wound healing.
|
['Animal Feed', 'Animals', 'Cat Diseases', 'Cats', 'Chronic Disease', 'Diet', 'Fatty Acids, Omega-3', 'Fatty Acids, Omega-6', 'Female', 'Gingivitis', 'Inflammation', 'Male', 'Stomatitis', 'Tooth Extraction', 'Wound Healing']
| 21,762,427
|
[['G07.203.300.300.100', 'J02.500.300.100'], ['B01.050'], ['C22.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['D10.212.302.380.410', 'D10.251.355.337', 'D10.627.430.450'], ['D10.251.355.343'], ['C01.408', 'C07.465.714.258.480'], ['C23.550.470'], ['C07.465.864'], ['E04.545.700', 'E06.645.700'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Augmentation therapy with cilostazol for the intractable geriatric major depressive disorder patients with deep white matter hyperintensities on T2-weighted brain MRI].
|
Several studies report that vascular lesions contribute to depression in late life, but whether vascular lesions contribute to depression or indeed result from depression is debatable. To address this question, we segregated mood disorder patients into late- and early-onset mood disorder groups (LOM and EOM, respectively) and compared the areas of high intensity on the subcortical MRI scans of the 2 groups. We found that the LOM group exhibited higher ratings than the EOM group; significant between-group differences were detected in the bilateral frontal areas and in the left parieto-occipital area. Our results suggest that vascular lesions in these areas are crucial for the development of late-onset mood disorders. Furthermore, treatment is often difficult in depressed patients with cerebrovascular lesions. Therefore, a new therapeutic approach that takes into account cerebrovascular factors is necessary. We concomitantly administered cilostazol with conventional antidepressants to patients with intractable geriatric major depressive disorder; of these patients, 2 showed improvements of their depressive symptoms. These findings suggest a potential efficacy of cilostazol as a novel drug for use in augmentation therapy for depressed patients with silent cerebrovascular disorder. Evidence that vascular disease is the underlying link between depression and dementia is strong. Therefore, further studies that include follow-up of such cases are necessary.
|
['Aged', 'Brain', 'Cerebrovascular Disorders', 'Cilostazol', 'Depressive Disorder, Major', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Phosphodiesterase 3 Inhibitors', 'Tetrazoles']
| 22,568,064
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['A08.186.211'], ['C10.228.140.300', 'C14.907.253'], ['D03.383.129.617.293', 'D03.633.100.810.069'], ['F03.600.300.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D27.505.519.389.735.249'], ['D03.383.129.617']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The usefulness of dynamically categorizing search results.
|
OBJECTIVE: The authors' goal was to determine whether dynamic categorization, a new technique for organizing search results, is more useful than the two existing organizational techniques: relevance ranking and clustering. They define a useful tool as one that helps users learn about the kinds of information that pertain to their query, find answers to their questions efficiently and easily, and feel satisfied with their search experience.DESIGN: Fifteen patients with breast cancer and their family members completed query-related tasks using all three tools. The authors measured the time it took the subjects to accomplish their tasks, the number of answers to the query that the subjects found in four minutes, and the number of new answers that they could recall at the end of the study. Subjects also completed a user-satisfaction questionnaire.RESULTS: The results showed that patients with breast cancer and their family members could find significantly (P: < 0.05) more answers in a fixed amount of time and were significantly (P: < 0.05) more satisfied with their search experience when they used the dynamic categorization tool than when they used either the cluster tool or the ranking tool. Subjects indicated that the dynamic categorization tool provided an organization of search results that was more clear, easy to use, accurate, precise, and helpful than those of the other tools.CONCLUSION: The experiments indicate that dynamic categorization is an effective and useful approach for organizing search results. Tools that use this technique will help patients and their families gain quick and easy access to important medical information.
|
['Algorithms', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Consumer Behavior', 'Databases, Bibliographic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Information Management', 'Information Storage and Retrieval', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 11,062,234
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['F01.145.236'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.300', 'L01.470.750.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.399'], ['L01.313.500.750.280', 'L01.470'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of hypoxia on the catecholamine release, Ca2+ uptake, and cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration in cultured bovine adrenal chromaffin cells.
|
The purpose of the present study is to clarify the effects of hypoxia on catecholamine release and its mechanism of action. For this purpose, using cultured bovine adrenal chromaffin cells, we examined the effects of hypoxia on high (55 mM) K(+)-induced increases in catecholamine release, in cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), and in 45Ca2+ uptake. Experiments were carried out in media preequilibrated with a gas mixture of either 21% O2/79% N2 (control) or 100% N2 (hypoxia). High K(+)-induced catecholamine release was inhibited by hypoxia to approximately 40% of the control value, but on reoxygenation the release returned to control levels. Hypoxia had little effect on ATP concentrations in the cells. In the hypoxic medium, [Ca2+]i (measured using fura-2) gradually increased and reached a plateau of approximately 1.0 microM at 30 min, whereas the level was constant in the control medium (approximately 200 nM). High K(+)-induced increases in [Ca2+]i were inhibited by hypoxia to approximately 30% of the control value. In the cells permeabilized by digitonin, catecholamine release induced by Ca2+ was unaffected by hypoxia. Hypoxia had little effect on basal 45Ca2+ uptake into the cells, but high K(+)-induced 45Ca2+ uptake was inhibited by hypoxia. These results suggest that hypoxia inhibits high K(+)-induced catecholamine release and that this inhibition is mainly the result of the inhibition of high K(+)-induced increases in [Ca2+]i subsequent to the inhibition of Ca2+ influx through voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Adrenal Medulla', 'Anaerobiosis', 'Animals', 'Biological Transport, Active', 'Calcium', 'Calcium Radioisotopes', 'Catecholamines', 'Cattle', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytosol', 'Digitonin', 'Hypoxia', 'Kinetics', 'Potassium Chloride']
| 2,398,351
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['A06.300.071.265'], ['G02.111.062', 'G03.078'], ['B01.050'], ['G03.143.310'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D01.268.552.100.500.325', 'D01.496.098.325', 'D01.496.749.113', 'D01.552.539.288.500.325'], ['D02.092.311', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['D04.210.500.155.580.130.500.236', 'D09.408.180.261.236'], ['C23.888.852.079'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D01.210.450.150.750', 'D01.745.625']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Familial aggregation and heritability of pyloric stenosis.
|
CONTEXT: Pyloric stenosis is the most common condition requiring surgery in the first months of life. Case reports have suggested familial aggregation, but to what extent this is caused by common environment or inheritance is unknown.OBJECTIVES: To investigate familial aggregation of pyloric stenosis from monozygotic twins to fourth-generation relatives according to sex and maternal and paternal contributions and to estimate disease heritability.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: Population-based cohort study of 1,999,738 children born in Denmark between 1977 and 2008 and followed up for the first year of life, during which 3362 children had surgery for pyloric stenosis.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Familial aggregation of pyloric stenosis, evaluated by rate ratios.RESULTS: The incidence rate (per 1000 person-years) of pyloric stenosis in the first year of life was 1.8 for singletons and 3.1 for twins. The rate ratios of pyloric stenosis were 182 (95% confidence interval [CI], 70.7-467) for monozygotic twins, 29.4 (95% CI, 9.45-91.5) for dizygotic twins, 18.5 (95% CI, 13.7-25.1) for siblings, 4.99 (95% CI, 2.59-9.65) for half-siblings, 3.06 (95% CI, 2.10-4.44) for cousins, and 1.60 (95% CI, 0.51-4.99) for half-cousins. We found no difference in rate ratios for maternal and paternal relatives of children with pyloric stenosis and no difference according to sex of cohort member or sex of relative. The heritability of pyloric stenosis was 87%.CONCLUSION: Pyloric stenosis in Danish children shows strong familial aggregation and heritability.
|
['Cohort Studies', 'Databases, Factual', 'Denmark', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Inheritance Patterns', 'Male', 'Pyloric Stenosis', 'Twins, Monozygotic']
| 20,551,410
|
[['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['Z01.542.816.124'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['G05.420'], ['C06.405.748.340.690'], ['M01.438.873.940']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Ecological effects of home-based, school-based, and community-based training of parents of children with learning and behavior problems.
|
A federally funded three year project to train parents of children with learning and behavior problems is discussed in terms of its ecological impact on parents, their children, their children's teachers, and on the community at large. The design of the project including the home intervention component, the school-based support group component, and the community component is briefly detailed. A comprehensive analysis of data on the effects of the various parent training components on parent, teacher and student perceptions of each other, as well as on student achievement, attendance and self-concept measures are reported. Overall, the data demonstrate the success of the project and support the ecological premise that making changes in one system surrounding a troubled child causes resultant changes in other systems surrounding the child.
|
['Child', 'Child Behavior Disorders', 'Education, Special', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Learning Disabilities', 'Parents', 'Social Environment']
| 3,440,658
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['F03.625.141'], ['I02.233.213'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.597.606.150.550', 'C23.888.592.604.150.550', 'F03.625.562'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['I01.880.853.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Antibodies to CagA protein are associated with gastric atrophy in Helicobacter pylori infection.
|
Strains of Helicobacter pylori which express the product of the cytotoxin associated gene A(CagA) are associated with duodenal ulceration. Also there is evidence that the presence of serum IgG antibodies to CagA is associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer of the intestinal type. Gastric atrophy is a precursor of intestinal-type gastric cancer so we have investigated whether antibodies to CagA are associated with gastric atrophy. In H. pylori infected patients, IgG antibodies to CagA were present in 24/38 (63%) of non-ulcer patients with atrophy compared with 13/40 (33%) of patient-controls with neither atrophy nor ulcer (P < 0.02). CagA antibodies were also more prevalent in patients with duodenal ulcers; 15/20 (75%) or gastric ulcers 5/5 (100%) than in the patient-controls (P < 0.005 and < 0.02 respectively). These results show that circulating IgG antibodies to CagA are associated with gastric atrophy, as well as peptic ulcer disease. Atrophy is a precursor of gastric cancer so support the hypothesis that certain strains of H. pylori are more likely to cause gastric cancer.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antibodies, Bacterial', 'Antigens, Bacterial', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Duodenal Ulcer', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'Gastritis, Atrophic', 'Helicobacter Infections', 'Helicobacter pylori', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prevalence', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Seroepidemiologic Studies', 'Stomach', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Stomach Ulcer']
| 8,853,252
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.107', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.125'], ['D23.050.161'], ['D12.776.097'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C06.405.469.275.800.348', 'C06.405.748.586.349'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['C06.405.205.697.394', 'C06.405.748.398.394'], ['C01.150.252.400.466'], ['B03.440.500.550', 'B03.660.150.235.500.250.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.372.500.950', 'N05.715.360.330.500.950', 'N06.850.520.450.500.950'], ['A03.556.875.875'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['C06.405.469.275.800.849', 'C06.405.748.586.849']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A porphyrin-DNA exciplex: resonance Raman spectra of electronically excited Cu(TMpy-P4) bound to poly(dA-dT).poly(dA-dT).
|
The resonance Raman spectra of water-soluble porphyrins, Cu(TMpy-P4) and Ni(TMpy-P4), and their mixtures with DNA, Poly(dG-dC).Poly(dG-dC), and Poly(dA-dT).Poly(dA-dT) were measured using 426 nm pulsed laser excitation (and 556 nm for some applications). At high laser power, the solution of Cu(TMpy-P4) mixed with DNA or Poly(dA-dT).Poly(dA-dT) exhibits new bands at 1550 and 1349 cm-1 that are not observed for Cu(TMpy-P4) alone or for Cu(TMpy-P4) mixed with Poly(dG-dC).Poly(dG-dC). These extra bands do not appear when the resonance Raman spectra are measured by a cw laser or by a pulsed laser with low power. Similar mixtures of M(TMpy-P4) (where M = Ni, Zn, Co, Mn, and H2) with these nucleic acids exhibit no such bands even by high power pulsed laser excitation. We attribute the new resonance Raman bands to an electronically excited Cu(TMpy-P4), stabilized by forming an exciplex with the A-T site of the nucleic acid. The minimum lifetime value of such an exciplex was estimated to be on the order of 10 ps.
|
['Copper', 'DNA', 'Mesoporphyrins', 'Nickel', 'Poly dA-dT', 'Polydeoxyribonucleotides', 'Porphyrins', 'Spectrum Analysis, Raman', 'Thermodynamics']
| 2,367,549
|
[['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.500.620', 'D03.633.400.909.500.620', 'D04.345.783.500.620', 'D23.767.727.620'], ['D01.268.556.607', 'D01.268.956.625', 'D01.552.544.607'], ['D13.695.578.500.300'], ['D13.695.578.500'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.500', 'D03.633.400.909.500', 'D04.345.783.500', 'D23.767.727'], ['E05.196.822.860', 'E05.196.867.890'], ['G01.906']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Central role of SIAH inhibition in DCC-dependent cardioprotection provoked by netrin-1/NO.
|
Deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC), a large transmembrane receptor of netrin-1, is critical for mediating netrin-1's cardioprotective function. In the present study we investigated novel mechanisms underlying netrin-1-induced, rapid, and feed-forward up-regulation of DCC, which is believed to sustain nitric oxide (NO) production to potentiate cardioprotection. Intriguingly, NO markedly reduced expression of the E3 ubiquitin ligase seven in absentia homolog (SIAH) that is specific for regulation of protesome-dependent DCC degradation, resulting in accumulation of DCC. The two SIAH isoforms compensate for each other when one is repressed; inhibition of both SIAH1 and SIAH2 using combined siRNAs significantly reduced infarct size while improving cardiac function after ischemia/reperfusion injury of the heart. This effect was absent in DCC-deficient mice. Moreover, in vivo RNAi inhibition of SIAH1/2 further augmented netrin-1's cardioprotective function. In summary, these data identify a novel therapeutic target of SIAH in facilitating NO/netrin-1-dependent cardioprotection, using the DCC receptor. Combination of netrin-1 and SIAH RNAi may prove to be a substantially effective therapy for myocardial infarction.
|
['Animals', 'DCC Receptor', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Heart', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Nerve Growth Factors', 'Netrin-1', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Receptors, Cell Surface', 'Tumor Suppressor Proteins', 'Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases']
| 25,561,546
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.644.360.075.413', 'D12.776.476.075.413', 'D12.776.543.750.003.500', 'D12.776.624.776.021'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['A07.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['D12.644.276.860', 'D12.776.467.860', 'D12.776.631.600', 'D23.529.850'], ['D12.644.276.860.494.500', 'D12.776.467.860.494.500', 'D12.776.631.600.494.500', 'D12.776.860.300.731.500', 'D23.125.842.500', 'D23.529.850.494.500'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D12.776.660'], ['D12.776.543.750'], ['D12.776.624.776'], ['D08.811.464.938.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Application of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score to predict outcome in critically ill dogs: preliminary results.
|
In human medicine the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score is one of the most commonly organ dysfunction scoring systems used to assess critically ill patients and to predict the outcome in Intensive Care Units (ICUs). It is composed of scores from six organ systems (respiratory, cardiovascular, hepatic, coagulation, renal, and neurological) graded according to the degree of the dysfunction. The aim of the current study was to describe the applicability of the SOFA score in assessing the outcome of critically ill dogs. A total of 45 dogs admitted to the ICU was enrolled. Among these, 40 dogs completed the study: 50 % survived and left the veterinary clinic. The SOFA score was computed for each dog every 24 hours for the first 3 days of ICU stay, starting on the day of admission. A statistically significant correlation between SOFA score and death or survival was found. Most of the dogs showing an increase of the SOFA score in the first 3 days of hospitalization died, whereas the dogs with a decrease of the score survived. These results suggest that the SOFA score system could be considered a useful indicator of prognosis in ICUs hospitalized dogs.
|
['Animals', 'Dog Diseases', 'Dogs', 'Female', 'Male', 'Organ Dysfunction Scores', 'Prognosis', 'Sepsis', 'Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome']
| 22,851,431
|
[['B01.050'], ['C22.268'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500.625', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500.625'], ['E01.789'], ['C01.757', 'C23.550.470.790.500'], ['C23.550.470.790', 'C23.550.835.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Tetracycline resistance of Corynebacterium diphtheriae isolated from diphtheria patients in Jakarta, Indonesia.
|
Of 133 Corynebacterium diphtheriae isolates from diphtheria patients in Jakarta, Indonesia, 86% were resistant to greater than or equal to 32 micrograms of tetracycline per ml. All isolates were sensitive to ampicillin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, penicillin, erythromycin, and kanamycin. The general resistance of C. diphtheriae to tetracycline in this part of Indonesia appears to be unique compared with resistance reported in studies done in other parts of the world.
|
['Corynebacterium diphtheriae', 'Diphtheria', 'Drug Resistance, Microbial', 'Humans', 'Indonesia', 'Tetracycline']
| 6,808,914
|
[['B03.510.024.250.150', 'B03.510.460.400.400.200.150'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.246.388'], ['G06.225', 'G07.690.773.984.269'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.145.380', 'Z01.639.580'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.900.875', 'D04.615.562.900.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Antagonism between apoptotic (Bax/Bcl-2) and anti-apoptotic (IAP) signals in human osteoblastic cells under vector-averaged gravity condition.
|
A functional disorder associated with weightlessness is well documented in osteoblasts. The apototic features of this disorder are poorly understood. Harmful stress induces apoptosis in cells via mitochondria and/or Fas. The Bax triggers cytochrome c release from mitochondria, which can be blocked by the Bcl-2. Released cytochrome c then activates the initiator caspase, caspase-9, which can be blocked by the anti-apototic (IAP) family of molecules. The effector caspase, caspase-3, finally exerts DNA fragmentation. We conducted this study to examine the apoptotic effects of vector-averaged gravity on normal human osteoblastic cells. Cell culture flasks were incubated on the clinostat, which generated vector-averaged gravity condition (simulated microgravity) for 12, 24, 48, and 96 hours. Upon termination of clinostat cultures, the cell number and cell viability were assessed. DNA fragmentation was analyzed on the agarose-gel electrophoresis. The mRNA levels for Bax, Bcl-2, XIAP, and caspase-3 genes were analyzed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Twenty-four hours after starting clinostat rotation, the ratios of Bax/Bcl-2 mRNA levels (indicator of apoptosis) were significantly increased to 136% of the 1G static controls. However, the XIAP mRNA levels (anti-apoptotic molecule) were increased concomitantly to 138% of the 1G static controls. Thus, cell proliferation or cell viability was not affected by vector-averaged gravity. DNA fragmentation was not observed in clinostat group as well as in control group. Finally, the caspase-3 mRNA levels were not affected by vector-averaged gravity. Simulated microgravity might modulate some apoptotic signals upstream the mitochondrial pathway.
|
['Adult', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Survival', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Gravitation', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Osteoblasts', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'bcl-2-Associated X Protein']
| 15,033,709
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['G04.346'], ['A11.251'], ['G05.308'], ['G01.060.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['A11.329.629'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['D12.644.360.075.718', 'D12.776.476.075.718', 'D12.776.624.664.700.169'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['D12.644.360.075.718.400', 'D12.776.476.075.718.400']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Uncharged tRNA error damping model.
|
Uncharged tRNA is known to bind to the ribosome in a codon-specific fashion. In this way, cognate uncharged tRNA competes with non-cognate aminoacyl-tRNA. If uncharged tRNA can be aminoacylated while on the ribosome, this will damp errors due to aminoacyl-tRNA imbalance. Kinetic analysis shows that this scheme reduces errors at 'hungry' codons considerably more effectively than J. Ninio's accuracy tuner model; for example, a 10-fold decrease in cognate aminoacyl-tRNA elicits only a 10% increase in the error frequency.
|
['Binding, Competitive', 'Codon', 'Kinetics', 'Models, Biological', 'Mutation', 'Peptidyl Transferases', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'RNA, Messenger', 'RNA, Transfer', 'RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl', 'Ribosomes']
| 3,639,013
|
[['E05.196.080', 'G02.111.084', 'G02.111.570.120.309'], ['D13.444.735.544.355', 'G05.360.335.355', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.190'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D08.811.913.050.200.700'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D13.444.735.757'], ['D12.125.780', 'D13.444.735.757.715'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Interspecies pheromone signaling promotes biofilm formation and same-sex mating in Candida albicans.
|
The opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans undergoes a parasexual mating cycle in which cells must switch from the conventional "white" form to the alternative "opaque" form to become mating competent. Pheromones secreted by opaque cells induce the formation of polarized mating projections and result in cell-cell conjugation. In contrast, white cells are unable to undergo mating, but can still respond to pheromone by expression of adhesion genes that promote biofilm formation. In this study, we have analyzed the dual ability of pheromones to activate mating by opaque cells and biofilm formation by white cells. We first show that there is considerable plasticity in interactions between the á pheromone and its receptor, Ste2, by analysis of analogs of the á pheromone. Significantly, substituted forms of á pheromone can induce a response in opaque cells and this is sufficient to drive same-sex a-a cell fusion and homothallic mating. In addition, pheromone analogs were able to induce adhesion and biofilm formation in white cells of C. albicans. Because of the observed plasticity in pheromone signaling, we subsequently tested putative pheromones from multiple Candida species and identified nonnative ligands that can induce self-mating and biofilm responses in C. albicans. Our findings demonstrate that environmental signals can initiate C. albicans parasexual reproduction and biofilm formation, and highlight the role of the pheromone-signaling apparatus in mediating these functions.
|
['Biofilms', 'Candida albicans', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Mating Factor', 'Peptides', 'Reproduction', 'Signal Transduction']
| 21,262,815
|
[['A20.593', 'G06.120'], ['B01.300.107.795.095.326', 'B01.300.381.147.326', 'B01.300.930.176.326'], ['D12.776.354'], ['D12.644.368', 'D23.641.200'], ['D12.644'], ['G08.686.784'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Failure of porcine aortic and bovine pericardial prosthetic valves: an experimental investigation in young sheep.
|
Seventeen porcine aortic and 10 bovine pericardial bioprosthetic valves were implanted in the tricuspid position in 27 young sheep. Clinical, hemodynamic and morphologic evaluations were performed after a mean of 4.7 +/- 0.3 months (range 3-7 months) after implantation. Eight sheep developed ascites (five with porcine aortic and three with bovine pericardial bioprosthetic valves); all 27 sheep had microscopic evidence of hepatic congestion. Three porcine and three bovine valves became infected. Hemodynamic studies (n = 15) performed immediately after implantation and at the time of terminal elective studies showed that tricuspid valve end-diastolic gradients increased from 0.7 +/- 0.4 mm Hg to 4.5 +/- 0.5 mm Hg (p less than 0.01). All 27 valves had calcific deposits. By quantitative analyses, unimplanted cuspal tissue (n = 9) had 0.6 +/- 0.1 mg/g of calcium/g tissue dry weight; explanted porcine aortic valves (n = 16) had 182 +/- 74 and bovine pericardial valves (n = 6) 421 +/- 115 mg/g of calcium/g of tissue dry weight (NS for porcine aortic vs bovine pericardial valves). Morphologic findings were similar in both porcine aortic and bovine pericardial valves, and consisted of calcific deposits, collagen degeneration, microthrombi and fibrous sheaths. These findings are almost identical to those associated with bioprosthetic valvular failure in humans. In our experimental study, we found no significant differences in the development of calcification in porcine aortic and bovine pericardial bioprosthetic valves.
|
['Animals', 'Ascites', 'Bioprosthesis', 'Calcinosis', 'Heart Valve Diseases', 'Heart Valve Prosthesis', 'Hemodynamics', 'Pericardium', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Sheep', 'Tricuspid Valve', 'Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency', 'Tricuspid Valve Stenosis']
| 7,083,535
|
[['B01.050'], ['C23.550.081'], ['E07.695.100'], ['C18.452.174.130'], ['C14.280.484'], ['E07.695.310'], ['G09.330.380'], ['A07.541.795', 'A10.615.789.470'], ['C23.550.767'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['A07.541.510.893'], ['C14.280.484.856'], ['C14.280.484.911']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Rescaled range analysis applied to the study delayed rectifier potassium channel kinetics.
|
The gating of ion channels has widely been modeled by assuming that the transitions between open and closed states are a memoryless process. Nevertheless, analysis of records of unitary current events suggests that the kinetic process presents long lags (antipersistent correlation). Here, using the patch-voltage clamp technique and the rescaled range method, activity of single-channel delayed rectifier K(+) channels was studied. The experiment result showed that reversal potential was -73.3 mV in cell-attached mode. For the sequences of alternating open and shut time intervals, the Hurst coefficients were calculated for four different pipette potentials in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. H=0.34169+/-0.00672 (n=4) for V=-30 mV; H=0.34632+/-0.0142 (n=3) for V=-40 mV; H=0.39237+/-0.0113 (n=4) for V=-50 mV; H=0.3954+/-0.0012 (n=4) for V=-60 mV. When the Hurst method was applied to the results from a simulated four-state Markovian model, it showed that it had different experimental data H coefficient, the distribution of the data values had no correlations between them, in particular, H=0.2531+/-0.00403 (n=50) for V=-40 mV. This indicates that open-dwell times and closed-dwell times are long lag (namely, antipersistent correlation) and do not change with the pipette potential applied to the patch.
|
['Animals', 'Delayed Rectifier Potassium Channels', 'Electrochemistry', 'Female', 'Ganglia, Spinal', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Markov Chains', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Neurons', 'Patch-Clamp Techniques', 'Potassium Channels', 'Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley']
| 14,516,913
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600.900.124', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750.900.124', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750.900.124'], ['H01.181.529.307'], ['A08.340.390.340', 'A08.800.350.340', 'A08.800.800.720.725.350'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.318.740.600.500', 'E05.318.740.996.500', 'G17.830.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.500', 'N05.715.360.750.770.500', 'N06.850.520.830.600.500', 'N06.850.520.830.996.500'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['E05.200.500.905', 'E05.242.800'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600.900', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750.900', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750.900'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Role of health education in school-children with particular reference to malaria.
|
Knowledge and effect of health education in schoolchildren of primary, secondary and higher secondary classes were evaluated. In schoolchildren exposed to different health education activities such as live demonstrations, slide shows and when both events were grouped together a high average of correct score (47.88%) in comparison to that of control group (26.56%) was noticed. Exposed population could answer most of the questions correctly and supported the role of community participation with the help from Government Departments to control malaria. Involvement and role of schoolchildren in disease vector control programme is discussed in this paper.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Health Education', 'Humans', 'India', 'Malaria', 'Male', 'Schools']
| 8,936,290
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['I02.233.332', 'N02.421.726.407'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['C01.610.752.530', 'C01.920.875'], ['I02.783', 'J03.832']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Tanzawana flavomaculata (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ctenopelmatinae), a new genus and species of parasitoid of Fagineura crenativora (Tenthredinidae, Nematinae), a serious pest of beech tree.
|
We describe a new genus, and a new species, of parasitoid--Tanzawana flavomaculata Watanabe & Kasparyan (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Ctenopelmatinae)--based on material collected in Honshu, Japan. As T. flavomaculata is found on Fagineura crenativora Vikberg & Zinovjev, 2000 (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), a serious pest of beech tree, this parasitoid is an important natural enemy of F. crenativora that can be used for the biological control of this pest.
|
['Animal Distribution', 'Animal Structures', 'Animals', 'Body Size', 'Fagus', 'Female', 'Hymenoptera', 'Japan', 'Male', 'Organ Size', 'Plant Diseases', 'Trees']
| 26,624,663
|
[['F01.145.113.069', 'G16.049'], ['A13'], ['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160', 'E05.041.124.160', 'G07.100.100.160', 'G07.345.249.314'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.750.300.249'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.875'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['G15.610'], ['B01.650.915']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
DNA methyltransferase 1(DNMT1) induced the expression of suppressors of cytokine signaling3 (Socs3) in a mouse model of asthma.
|
DNMT1 is the most important methyltransferase enzyme, involved in the regulation of gene expression and appropriate histone modification. It interact with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), SNF2 family member ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling enzyme, cyclin dependent kinases inhibitor, E2F1 transcription factor and HDACs to form a repressor complex known as HDAC complexes. The interaction of DNMT1 with numerous protein suppressors of promoters suggests that the enzyme is a crucial element of the transcription suppression complex. Since the mechanism behind over expression of Socs3 in Asthma is unclear, we study the Epigenetic mode of overexpression of Socs3 in terms of methylation/acetylation/inactivation of HDACs/activation of HATs enzymes in a mouse model of asthma. The results show that low expression of DNMT1 might indirectly induce the expression of Socs3 and HAT, and inhibit the expression of HDACs family. Furthermore knockdown of DNMT1 by siRNA induced expression of Socs3 while knock down of Socs3 by siRNA has no effect on DNMT1 expression. Our result suggests that the over expression of Socs3 is due to the inhibition of HDACs complex and hyperacetylation of histones molecule along with down regulation of DNMT1 gene. In depth study on DNMT1 might be useful for the development of therapeutic drug against asthma/allergic diseases.
|
['Acetylation', 'Animals', 'Asthma', 'CpG Islands', 'DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1', 'DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases', 'DNA Methylation', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Epigenesis, Genetic', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Histone Acetyltransferases', 'Histone Deacetylases', 'Histones', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Ovalbumin', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'Signal Transduction', 'Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Protein', 'Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins']
| 24,599,782
|
[['G02.111.012.052', 'G02.607.063.052', 'G03.040.052'], ['B01.050'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['G02.111.570.080.380.160', 'G05.360.080.380.160', 'G05.360.340.024.159'], ['D08.811.913.555.500.350.100.500.500', 'D12.776.157.687.313', 'D12.776.660.720.313'], ['D08.811.913.555.500.350.100.500'], ['G02.111.035.538.161', 'G02.111.218', 'G03.059.538.161', 'G05.206'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G05.308.203'], ['E05.393.332'], ['D08.811.913.050.134.415.500'], ['D08.811.277.087.520'], ['D12.776.157.687.485', 'D12.776.660.720.485', 'D12.776.664.469'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['D12.644.861.557', 'D12.776.034.614', 'D12.776.256.159.157.663', 'D12.776.290.663', 'D12.776.872.557'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.644.360.024.374.750', 'D12.776.157.057.249.750', 'D12.776.476.024.437.750'], ['D12.644.360.024.374', 'D12.776.157.057.249', 'D12.776.476.024.437']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Impact of Early Acute Kidney Injury on Management and Outcome in Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Secondary Analysis of a Multicenter Observational Study.
|
OBJECTIVES: To understand the impact of mild-moderate and severe acute kidney injury in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.DESIGN: Secondary analysis of the "Large Observational Study to Understand the Global Impact of Severe Acute Respiratory Failure", an international prospective cohort study of patients with severe respiratory failure.SETTING: Four-hundred fifty-nine ICUs from 50 countries across five continents.SUBJECTS: Patients with a glomerular filtration rate greater than 60 mL/min/1.73 m prior to admission who fulfilled criteria of acute respiratory distress syndrome on day 1 and day 2 of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure.INTERVENTIONS: Patients were categorized based on worst serum creatinine or urine output into: 1) no acute kidney injury (serum creatinine < 132 µmol/L or urine output ? 0.5 mL/kg/hr), 2) mild-moderate acute kidney injury (serum creatinine 132-354 µmol/L or minimum urine output between 0.3 and 0.5mL/kg/hr), or 3) severe acute kidney injury (serum creatinine > 354 µmol/L or renal replacement therapy or minimum urine output < 0.3 mL/kg/hr).MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The primary outcome was hospital mortality, whereas secondary outcomes included prevalence of acute kidney injury and characterization of acute respiratory distress syndrome risk factors and illness severity patterns, in patients with acute kidney injury versus no acute kidney injury. One-thousand nine-hundred seventy-four patients met inclusion criteria: 1,209 (61%) with no acute kidney injury, 468 (24%) with mild-moderate acute kidney injury, and 297 (15%) with severe acute kidney injury. The impact of acute kidney injury on the ventilatory management of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome was relatively limited, with no differences in arterial CO2 tension or in tidal or minute ventilation between the groups. Hospital mortality increased from 31% in acute respiratory distress syndrome patients with no acute kidney injury to 50% in mild-moderate acute kidney injury (p ? 0.001 vs no acute kidney injury) and 58% in severe acute kidney injury (p ? 0.001 vs no acute kidney injury and mild-moderate acute kidney injury). In multivariate analyses, both mild-moderate (odds ratio, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.24-2.09; p < 0.001) and severe (odds ratio, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.55-2.94; p < 0.001) acute kidney injury were independently associated with mortality.CONCLUSIONS: The development of acute kidney injury, even when mild-moderate in severity, is associated with a substantial increase in mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.
|
['Acute Kidney Injury', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Comorbidity', 'Creatinine', 'Female', 'Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Humans', 'Intensive Care Units', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Odds Ratio', 'Prospective Studies', 'Respiration, Artificial', 'Respiratory Distress Syndrome', 'Risk Factors', 'Severity of Illness Index']
| 31,162,201
|
[['C12.777.419.780.050', 'C13.351.968.419.780.050'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['E01.370.390.400.300', 'G08.852.357'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.400', 'N01.224.935.698.400', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.400', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.388.493'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E02.041.625', 'E02.365.647.729', 'E02.880.820'], ['C08.381.840', 'C08.618.840'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Tendon excursion and dehiscence during early controlled mobilization after flexor tendon repair in zone II: an x-ray stereophotogrammetric analysis.
|
The effect of different methods on early controlled mobilization of the flexor profundus tendon regarding tendon excursion and dehiscence was examined during treatment of 20 tendons in 18 patients. An application of radiographic stereophotogrammetric analysis on movements of tendon tissue was developed and the tendons studied during the early postoperative period. Considerable differences of tendon excursion were found between the various mobilization methods and were dependent on the level of injury within zone II. The use of a mobilization method that includes a component of controlled active flexion is suggested for injuries at the A3 and A4 levels. This radiographic stereophotogrammetric analysis method developed for tendon excursion and dehiscence is new and provides knowledge that cannot be obtained in any other way.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Animals', 'Early Ambulation', 'Exercise Therapy', 'Finger Injuries', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Photogrammetry', 'Prostheses and Implants', 'Rabbits', 'Radiography', 'Surgical Wound Dehiscence', 'Tantalum', 'Tendon Injuries', 'Tendons']
| 1,880,365
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.335', 'E02.831.335'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.387', 'E02.779.483', 'E02.831.535.483'], ['C26.448.429'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.600.630'], ['E07.695'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['C23.550.767.887'], ['D01.268.556.837', 'D01.268.956.859', 'D01.552.544.837'], ['C26.874'], ['A02.880']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Emerging rickettsioses of the Thai-Myanmar border.
|
To investigate the presence of rickettsioses in rural residents of the central Thai-Myanmar border, we tested the blood of 46 patients with fever. Four patients had murine typhus, three patients had scrub typhus, and eight patients had spotted fever group rickettsioses, including the first case of Rickettsia felis infection reported in Asia.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Communicable Diseases, Emerging', 'Doxycycline', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myanmar', 'Rickettsia', 'Rickettsiaceae Infections', 'Thailand']
| 12,737,744
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['C01.221.500', 'C23.550.291.531.750'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.900.200', 'D04.615.562.900.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.252.145.570'], ['B03.660.050.783.875.650.650'], ['C01.150.252.400.789', 'C01.920.914'], ['Z01.252.145.841']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Improved Prediction of Surgical Resectability in Patients with Glioblastoma using an Artificial Neural Network.
|
In managing a patient with glioblastoma (GBM), a surgeon must carefully consider whether sufficient tumour can be removed so that the patient can enjoy the benefits of decompression and cytoreduction, without impacting on the patient's neurological status. In a previous study we identified the five most important anatomical features on a pre-operative MRI that are predictive of surgical resectability and used them to develop a simple, objective, and reproducible grading system. The objective of this study was to apply an artificial neural network (ANN) to improve the prediction of surgical resectability in patients with GBM. Prospectively maintained databases were searched to identify adult patients with supratentorial GBM that underwent craniotomy and resection. Performance of the ANN was evaluated against logistic regression and the standard grading system by analysing their Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curves; Area Under Curve (AUC) and accuracy were calculated and compared using Wilcoxon signed rank test with a value of p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. In all, 135 patients were included, of which 33 (24.4%) were found to have complete excision of all contrast-enhancing tumour. The AUC and accuracy were significantly greater using the ANN compared to the standard grading system (0.87 vs. 0.79 and 83% vs. 80% respectively; p < 0.01 in both cases). In conclusion, an ANN allows for the improved prediction of surgical resectability in patients with GBM.
|
['Aged', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Clinical Decision-Making', 'Glioblastoma', 'Humans', 'Machine Learning', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Middle Aged', 'Neural Networks, Computer', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prognosis']
| 32,198,487
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['E01.055'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380.080.335', 'C04.557.470.670.380.080.335', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380.080.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G17.035.250.500', 'L01.224.050.375.530'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G17.485', 'L01.224.050.375.605'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E01.789']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Pitfall to modified in vivo method of technetium-99m red blood cell labeling. Iodinated contrast media.
|
Suboptimal labeling of red blood cells with Tc-99m, using the modified in vivo technique, was observed in three patients in whom labeling was attempted following IV administration of iodinated contrast media in the previous 24 hours. The mechanism is not understood, but it may represent a change in either stannous ion distribution or redox potential. It is recommended that studies employing Tc-99m RBC labeling using this technique be performed prior to administration of iodinated contrast media. This effect should be kept in mind in gastrointestinal bleeding studies performed using Tc-99m RBC, as well as in cardiac imaging studies.
|
['Child, Preschool', 'Diatrizoate', 'Diatrizoate Meglumine', 'Drug Combinations', 'Drug Interactions', 'Erythrocytes', 'Female', 'Heart', 'Humans', 'Isotope Labeling', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radionuclide Imaging', 'Technetium', 'Time Factors']
| 6,653,013
|
[['M01.060.406.448'], ['D02.241.223.100.400.880.270', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.375.880.270'], ['D02.033.800.813.550.500', 'D02.241.223.100.400.880.270.500', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.375.880.270.500', 'D09.067.342.600.500', 'D09.853.813.550.500'], ['D26.310'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['A07.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.522'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.710', 'E01.370.384.730'], ['D01.268.271.870', 'D01.268.556.843', 'D01.268.956.875', 'D01.496.749.305.870', 'D01.552.544.843'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Construction and biomechanical properties of polyaxial self-locking anatomical plate based on the geometry of distal tibia.
|
In order to provide scientific and empirical evidence for the clinical application of the polyaxial self-locking anatomical plate, 80 human tibias from healthy adults were scanned by spiral CT and their three-dimensional images were reconstructed using the surface shaded display (SSD) method. Firstly, based on the geometric data of distal tibia, a polyaxial self-locking anatomical plate for distal tibia was designed and constructed. Biomechanical tests were then performed by applying axial loading, 4-point bending, and axial torsion loading on the fracture fixation models of fresh cadaver tibias. Our results showed that variation in twisting angles of lateral tibia surface was found in various segments of the distal tibia. The polyaxial self-locking anatomical plate was constructed based on the geometry of the distal tibia. Compared to the conventional anatomical locking plate, the polyaxial self-locking anatomical plate of the distal tibia provides a better fit to the geometry of the distal tibia of the domestic population, and the insertion angle of locking screws can be regulated up to 30°. Collectively, this study assesses the geometry of the distal tibia and provides variable locking screw trajectory to improve screw-plate stability through the design of a polyaxial self-locking anatomical plate.
|
['Adult', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Female', 'Fractures, Bone', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prostheses and Implants', 'Tibia', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 25,025,051
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['C26.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E07.695'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.883'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Complications of arterial puncture in anticoagulated patients.
|
Thirteen patients who were receiving heparin in therapeutic doses had complications after femoral or brachial arterial puncture as follows: hematomas resulting in skin slough or infection in two, neuropathies of the median nerve in two and of the femoral nerve in two, and ischemia of the forearm muscles in seven. Since arterial puncture to determine blood gases in patients anticoagulated for pulmonary emboli can be dangerous, alternate means to establish the diagnosis are recommended. Early recognition and treatment of complications are essential.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Gas Analysis', 'Brachial Artery', 'Female', 'Femoral Artery', 'Hematoma', 'Heparin', 'Humans', 'Ischemia', 'Muscles', 'Peripheral Nervous System Diseases', 'Pulmonary Embolism', 'Punctures']
| 176,165
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.100', 'E01.370.386.700.100', 'E05.200.124.100.100'], ['A07.015.114.139'], ['A07.015.114.351'], ['C23.550.414.838'], ['D09.698.373.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.513'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['C10.668.829'], ['C08.381.746', 'C14.907.355.350.700'], ['E02.800', 'E04.665']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Cadaveric intervertebral disc temperature mapping during disc biacuplasty.
|
BACKGROUND: Disc Biacuplasty is a procedure for treating discogenic pain through neuron ablation by heating intervertebral disc tissue using cooled, bipolar radiofrequency (RF) technology. This study demonstrates temperature profiles created by disc biacuplasty in human cadavers.OBJECTIVE: To assess temperature profiles created by disc biacuplasty in human cadaver discs.DESIGN: The design of the experiment is a cadaver study with temperature monitoring in the intervertebral disc during disc biacuplasty.METHOD: Seven human cadaver discs were sectioned from 2 cadavers. Each disc was instrumented with 11 [corrected] temperature sensors and 2 cooled radiofrequency probes. Correct placement was verified with the aid of fluoroscopy. The discs were then immersed in a 37 degrees C thermostatic water bath and the treatment protocol was applied. Temperatures were monitored as the discs were heated.RESULTS: At 13 minutes, with the settings used in this study, the posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL) temperature reached 40+/-3 degrees C. The anterior disc reached 41+/-3 degrees C. The outer layer of the posterior annulus fibrosus was heated to 54+/-6 degrees C and the inner two-thirds of the posterior annulus fibrosus reached temperatures of 60+/-6 degrees C.CONCLUSIONS: The anterior disc and PLL remained at safe temperatures below 45 degrees C while temperatures throughout the center posterior and posterolateral disc were all raised above 45 degrees C, sufficient for neural ablation.
|
['Body Temperature', 'Cadaver', 'Denervation', 'Electrodes, Implanted', 'Hot Temperature', 'Humans', 'Intervertebral Disc', 'Intervertebral Disc Displacement', 'Time Factors']
| 18,850,031
|
[['E01.370.600.875.374', 'G07.110'], ['C23.550.260.224'], ['E04.525.210'], ['E07.305.250.319', 'E07.695.202'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.165.308.410', 'A02.835.232.834.432', 'A10.165.382.350.050'], ['C05.116.900.307', 'C23.300.707.952'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Binding of ferric enterobactin by the Escherichia coli periplasmic protein FepB.
|
The periplasmic protein FepB of Escherichia coli is a component of the ferric enterobactin transport system. We overexpressed and purified the binding protein 23-fold from periplasmic extracts by ammonium sulfate precipitation and chromatographic methods, with a yield of 20%, to a final specific activity of 15,500 pmol of ferric enterobactin bound/mg. Periplasmic fluid from cells overexpressing the binding protein adsorbed catecholate ferric siderophores with high affinity: in a gel filtration chromatography assay the K(d) of the ferric enterobactin-FepB binding reaction was approximately 135 nM. Intrinsic fluorescence measurements of binding by the purified protein, which were more accurate, showed higher affinity for both ferric enterobactin (K(d) = 30 nM) and ferric enantioenterobactin (K(d) = 15 nM), the left-handed stereoisomer of the natural E. coli siderophore. Purified FepB also adsorbed the apo-siderophore, enterobactin, with comparable affinity (K(d) = 60 nM) but did not bind ferric agrobactin. Polyclonal rabbit antisera and mouse monoclonal antibodies raised against nearly homogeneous preparations of FepB specifically recognized it in solid-phase immunoassays. These sera enabled the measurement of the FepB concentration in vivo when expressed from the chromosome (4,000 copies/cell) or from multicopy plasmids (>100,000 copies/cell). Overexpression of the binding protein did not enhance the overall affinity or rate of ferric enterobactin transport, supporting the conclusion that the rate-limiting step of ferric siderophore uptake through the cell envelope is passage through the outer membrane.
|
['Animals', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Chromatography, Affinity', 'Enterobactin', 'Escherichia coli', 'Escherichia coli Proteins', 'Ferric Compounds', 'Gene Expression', 'Iron Radioisotopes', 'Membrane Transport Proteins', 'Mice', 'Periplasm', 'Periplasmic Proteins', 'Protein Binding', 'Rabbits', 'Siderophores']
| 10,986,237
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.157'], ['E05.196.181.400.170'], ['D04.345.566.352', 'D12.125.154.800.937', 'D12.644.641.352'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D12.776.097.275'], ['D01.490.100'], ['G05.297'], ['D01.268.556.412.500.498', 'D01.268.956.287.500.498', 'D01.496.473.498', 'D01.496.749.514', 'D01.552.544.412.500.498'], ['D12.776.157.530', 'D12.776.543.585'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A11.284.295.680'], ['D12.776.090.650', 'D12.776.097.577', 'D12.776.765.537'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['D27.505.519.914.500.410.750', 'D27.720.832.500.410.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Characterization of Ba813
|
Introduction. Bacillus cereus harbouring Ba813, a specific chromosomal marker of Bacillus anthtacis, is found in patients with severe manifestations and causes nosocomial outbreaks.Aim. We assessed the genetic characteristics and virulence of Ba813(+) B. cereus in a hospital setting.Methodology. Three neutropenic patients with haematological malignancy developed B. cereus bacteraemia within a short period. Fifteen B. cereus were isolated from different sites in a haematology ward. A total of 18 isolates were evaluated for Ba813- and B. anthracis-related virulence, food poisoning-related virulence, genetic diversity, bacteria motility and biofilm formation.Results. Ba813(+) B. cereus was detected in 33 % (1/3) of patients and 66 % (9/15) of the hospital environment. The 18 strains were divided into 2 major clusters (clade 1 and clade 2), and 14 strains were classified into clade 1. All Ba813(+) strains, including four sequence types, were classified into clade 1/the cereus III lineage, which is most closely related to the anthracis lineage. Two strains belonging to clade 1/non-cereus III carried the B. anthracis-associated cap gene, but not Ba813. B. cereus, including Ba813(+) strains, had significantly lower prevalence of enterotoxin genes than clade 2 strains. In clade 1, B. cereus, Ba813(+) strains showed significantly higher swimming motility and biofilm formation ability than Ba813(-) strains.Conclusion. Ba813(+) B. cereus, which are genetically closely related to B. anthracis, were abundant in a haematological ward. Ba813(+) B. cereus with high motility and biofilm formation abilities may spread easily in hospital environments, and could become a hospital-acquired infection.
|
['Anthrax', 'Bacillus anthracis', 'Bacillus cereus', 'Bacteremia', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Cross Infection', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Disease Outbreaks', 'Hematologic Neoplasms', 'Hospitals, Teaching', 'Humans', 'Iatrogenic Disease', 'Japan', 'Phylogeny', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Virulence']
| 32,530,394
|
[['C01.150.252.410.090.072'], ['B03.300.390.400.158.218.151', 'B03.353.500.100.218.151', 'B03.510.100.100.218.151', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.151', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.151'], ['B03.300.390.400.158.218.252', 'B03.353.500.100.218.252', 'B03.510.100.100.218.252', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.252', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.252'], ['C01.150.252.100', 'C01.757.100', 'C23.550.470.790.500.100'], ['D12.776.097'], ['C01.248', 'C23.550.291.875.500'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['N06.850.290'], ['C04.588.448', 'C15.378.400'], ['N02.278.020.300', 'N02.278.421.639'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.291.875'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G06.930']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Prevalence of viral hepatitis markers in the population of Portugal.
|
The prevalence of viral hepatitis markers in apparently healthy individuals of both sexes, born and living in both urban and rural areas of all the Portuguese provinces, was studied by radioimmunoassay.The anti-HAV prevalence was determined in 1770 individuals, 1-84 years old, divided into 8 age groups. The HBsAg prevalence was determined in 1440 individuals, 15-84 years old, divided into 5 age groups, while the anti-HBs prevalence was determined in 1980 individuals, 1-84 years old, divided into 8 age groups. The data were standardized for the Portuguese population.The anti-HAV results were similar for both sexes and showed a general prevalence of 84.9%. No significant difference in the prevalences between urban and rural areas was found. Age-group prevalences of anti-HAV were: 1-4 years, 23.9%; 5-9 years, 61.3%; 10-14 years, 76.4%; 15-19 years, 93.4%; and over 30 years, 99%.The HBsAg results showed a general prevalence of 1.25% for persons over 15 years old (2.04% for males and 0.78% for females). The anti-HBs results were similar for both sexes and showed a general prevalence of 24.3%. The northern provinces tended to have a higher anti-HBs prevalence than the southern ones, except for Lisbon province which had the highest figure. Age-group prevalences of anti-HBs were: 1-4 years, 7.6%; 5-9 years, 12.6%; 10-14 years, 8.7%; 15-19 years, 23.5%; 20-29 years, 28.4%; and over 30 years, between 30.0% and 34.3%.Only 5.3% of the anti-HAV-positive individuals, 11.2% of the HBsAg carriers, and 9.2% of the anti-HBs-positive individuals had a history of acute hepatitis.These results show that Portugal may be considered an endemic area for viral hepatitis infections.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Carrier State', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Hepatitis A', 'Hepatitis Antibodies', 'Hepatitis B', 'Hepatitis B Antibodies', 'Hepatitis B Surface Antigens', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Portugal']
| 6,334,572
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['N06.850.520.169'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C01.925.440.420', 'C01.925.782.687.359.500', 'C06.552.380.705.422'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254.450', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254.450', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254.450'], ['C01.221.250.500', 'C01.925.256.430.400', 'C01.925.440.435', 'C06.552.380.705.437'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254.450.504', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254.450.504', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254.450.504'], ['D23.050.327.495.500.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.542.727']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Reconstructive limb-salvage surgery after lower extremity soft tissue sarcoma resection: A 20-year experience.
|
BACKGROUND: Reconstructive surgery is often required following lower extremity soft tissue sarcoma resection. The relationship between the method of plastic surgery reconstruction and postoperative wound healing or functional oncologic outcomes in this patient population is poorly understood.METHODS: We performed a retrospective review on all adult patients that underwent soft tissue reconstruction following resection of lower extremity soft tissue sarcomas between 1996 and 2016 at our institution.RESULTS: One hundred and thirty-six patients were identified. Wound complications occurred within 6-months postoperatively in 72 patients (52.9%). Average time to heal was 13.0 weeks. Limb survival was 94.9%. 16.9% and 36.8% of patients had evidence of local recurrence or metastatic disease, respectively. There was no significant difference in the incidence of overall wound complications, time to heal, limb survival, local recurrence, or metastatic disease between the different reconstructive methods.CONCLUSIONS: In our cohort, the utilization of different reconstructive techniques did not correlate with a difference in postoperative wound complications or oncologic outcomes. Local flaps can effectively reconstruct the majority of lower extremity sarcoma defects that cannot be closed primarily. However, alternative reconstructive techniques may be utilized when indicated without a significant increase in postoperative morbidity in this patient population.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Amputation', 'Chemotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Female', 'Graft Survival', 'Humans', 'Limb Salvage', 'Male', 'Maryland', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Radiotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sarcoma', 'Skin Transplantation', 'Soft Tissue Neoplasms', 'Surgical Flaps', 'Wound Healing', 'Young Adult']
| 30,644,559
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E04.555.080'], ['E02.186.170', 'E02.319.170'], ['G12.875.545.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.100.814.603', 'E04.555.400', 'E04.680.350'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.418', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E02.186.775', 'E02.815.600'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C04.557.450.795'], ['E02.095.147.725.700', 'E04.680.275.850', 'E04.936.580.700'], ['C04.588.839'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710'], ['G16.762.891'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Atypical glandular cells in cervical smears: histological correlation and a suggested plan of management based on age of the patient in a low-resource setting.
|
OBJECTIVES: To perform an audit of all smears reported as atypical glandular cells (AGC) using the Bethesda system (TBS) 2001.METHODS: A total of 18 376 cervical smears were screened from January 2005 to June 2007, of which 65 cases were reported as AGC. Follow-up histology was available in 31 cases (47.7%), in whom a detailed cytological/histological correlation was carried out.RESULTS: AGC constituted 0.35% of all Pap smears. Follow-up histology was normal or benign in 20 cases, whereas a squamous or glandular abnormality was seen in 11 cases. Squamous abnormalities included one case each of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)1, CIN2 and CIN3 and five cases of squamous cell carcinoma. All glandular epithelial abnormalities were endometrial in origin and included two endometrial adenocarcinomas and one uterine serous carcinoma. Neither in situ nor invasive adenocarcinoma of the endocervix was observed. Review of smears and reclassification as AGC, not otherwise specified and favour neoplasia revealed a higher proportion of abnormality in the latter group, reaffirming the utility of subtyping. The median age of women with AGC was 41 years. The outcome was analysed with respect to the median age. In women aged equal or more than 40 years, AGC reflected a high-grade squamous or glandular epithelial abnormality in 50% of cases compared with none in those less than 40 years old (P = 0.010).CONCLUSION: The age of the woman as well as the subtype of atypical glandular cells influences outcome and hence must be taken into consideration while formulating an acceptable management strategy in these women in a low-resource setting.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Biopsy', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Cervix Uteri', 'Female', 'Health Care Costs', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial', 'Papanicolaou Test', 'Uterine Cervical Neoplasms', 'Vaginal Smears', 'Young Adult']
| 19,207,306
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['A05.360.319.679.256'], ['N03.219.151.400', 'N05.300.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.557.470'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.422', 'E01.370.225.998.054.422', 'E04.074.422', 'E05.200.500.384.100.422', 'E05.200.998.054.422', 'E05.242.384.100.422'], ['C04.588.945.418.948.850', 'C13.351.500.852.593.131', 'C13.351.500.852.762.850', 'C13.351.937.418.875.850'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.800', 'E01.370.225.998.054.800', 'E01.370.378.900', 'E04.074.800', 'E05.200.500.384.100.800', 'E05.200.998.054.800', 'E05.242.384.100.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Application of the Clinical Practice Guideline for Congenital Muscular Torticollis: A Case Report.
|
PURPOSE: This case report illustrates application of the Clinical Practice Guideline for Congenital Muscular Torticollis in a pediatric outpatient facility.DESCRIPTIONS: The infant was a 2-month-old baby presenting with congenital muscular torticollis. Application of each of the 16 action statements outlined in the Clinical Practice Guideline is detailed as related to the case.OUTCOMES: All desired outcomes were achieved within 11 intervention sessions over a 16-week period.WHAT THIS CASE ADDS: This case illustrates application of the Clinical Practice Guideline and exemplifies how each action statement can be addressed without placing an undue time burden upon the therapist. The case resulted in changes to facility-wide clinical procedures to increase consistency of care as outlined in the Clinical Practice Guideline.
|
['Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Neck Muscles', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic', 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'Torticollis']
| 30,557,293
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['A02.633.567.650'], ['N04.761.700.350.650', 'N05.700.350.650'], ['E01.370.600.700', 'G11.427.760'], ['C23.888.592.350.300.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Bus accident analysis of routes with/without bus priority.
|
This paper summarises findings on road safety performance and bus-involved accidents in Melbourne along roads where bus priority measures had been applied. Results from an empirical analysis of the accident types revealed significant reduction in the proportion of accidents involving buses hitting stationary objects and vehicles, which suggests the effect of bus priority in addressing manoeuvrability issues for buses. A mixed-effects negative binomial (MENB) regression and back-propagation neural network (BPNN) modelling of bus accidents considering wider influences on accident rates at a route section level also revealed significant safety benefits when bus priority is provided. Sensitivity analyses done on the BPNN model showed general agreement in the predicted accident frequency between both models. The slightly better performance recorded by the MENB model results suggests merits in adopting a mixed effects modelling approach for accident count prediction in practice given its capability to account for unobserved location and time-specific factors. A major implication of this research is that bus priority in Melbourne's context acts to improve road safety and should be a major consideration for road management agencies when implementing bus priority and road schemes.
|
['Accidents, Traffic', 'Binomial Distribution', 'Humans', 'Law Enforcement', 'Motor Vehicles', 'Neural Networks, Computer', 'Regression Analysis', 'Safety', 'Victoria']
| 24,406,378
|
[['N06.850.135.392'], ['E05.318.740.994.250', 'G17.820.250', 'N05.715.360.750.750.150', 'N06.850.520.830.994.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.880.604.594'], ['J01.937.500'], ['G17.485', 'L01.224.050.375.605'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['N06.850.135.060.075'], ['Z01.639.100.992', 'Z01.678.100.373.992']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Joint-action ecotoxicity of binary mixtures of glutaraldehyde and surfactants used in hospitals: use of the Toxicity Index model and isoblogram representation.
|
Glutaraldehyde and surfactants are widely used in hospitals and these substances have been detected in urban sewer networks and in surface water. The ecotoxicity of hospital wastewater has been reported in the literature, which identifies detergents and disinfectants as the main causes of toxicity. The aim of this study was to determine the combined effects of glutaraldehyde and three surfactants on Daphnia magna. Three binary mixtures were studied in five predefined ratios: glutaraldehyde with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS--an anionic surfactant), then Triton X-100 (TX-100--a nonionic surfactant), and finally cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CATB--a cationic surfactant). The joint-action toxicity of binary mixtures was studied by acute bioassays on Daphnia magna. Two complementary methods were used to evaluate the combined effects of the mixtures on the selected organism: the Toxicity Index model (a quantitative method for analyzing the combined effects of binary and multiple mixtures) and the isobole representation (a qualitative method that has the advantage of being illustrative). An additive effect was observed between glutaraldehyde and surfactants for all the ratios studied and additive action could be an efficient method for evaluating the effect of hospital wastewater on Daphnia magna.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Assay', 'Daphnia', 'Disinfectants', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Glutaral', 'Hospitals', 'Models, Biological', 'Risk Assessment', 'Surface-Active Agents', 'Waste Disposal, Fluid', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 17,945,345
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.091'], ['B01.050.500.131.365.150.200'], ['D27.505.954.122.425', 'D27.720.274'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['D02.047.532'], ['N02.278.421'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['D27.720.877'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Timing in the absence of clocks: encoding time in neural network states.
|
Decisions based on the timing of sensory events are fundamental to sensory processing. However, the mechanisms by which the brain measures time over ranges of milliseconds to seconds remain unclear. The dominant model of temporal processing proposes that an oscillator emits events that are integrated to provide a linear metric of time. We examine an alternate model in which cortical networks are inherently able to tell time as a result of time-dependent changes in network state. Using computer simulations we show that within this framework, there is no linear metric of time, and that a given interval is encoded in the context of preceding events. Human psychophysical studies were used to examine the predictions of the model. Our results provide theoretical and experimental evidence that, for short intervals, there is no linear metric of time, and that time may be encoded in the high-dimensional state of local neural networks.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Biological Clocks', 'Brain', 'Choice Behavior', 'Discrimination, Psychological', 'Humans', 'Models, Neurological', 'Neural Networks, Computer', 'Principal Component Analysis', 'Psychophysics', 'Time Perception']
| 17,270,738
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G07.180.562.094'], ['A08.186.211'], ['F02.463.785.373.346'], ['F02.463.593.257'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395.642'], ['G17.485', 'L01.224.050.375.605'], ['E05.318.740.562'], ['E01.370.685', 'F04.096.753'], ['F02.463.593.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Feeding state influences the content of FMRFamide- and tachykinin-related peptides in endocrine-like cells of the midgut of Locusta migratoria.
|
The midgut of 5th instar male African migratory locust, Locusta migratoria, was found to contain endocrine-like cells that stained positively for FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity. These cells have cell bodies which are tear-drop in shape with processes extending from the cell body. FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity has been described in similar cells in adult midgut tissue [16]. The midgut tissue content of FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity is differentially distributed throughout various regions of the midgut (gastric cecae, anterior and posterior midgut) in 5th instar and varied ages of adult. FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity in midgut tissues decreases significantly by 24 h of starvation, whereas locustatachykinin I-like immunoreactivity does not decrease until 48 h of starvation indicating that there are differential timing effects of these two peptide families on midgut content. HPLC analysis, combined with RIA, of different regions of the midgut tissue from both fed and starved locusts revealed that the relative proportions of the members of the two peptide families vary depending upon the feeding state. These results indicate that the contents of these endocrine-like cells appears to be differentially influenced by the feeding state of the locust.
|
['Animals', 'Eating', 'Endocrine System', 'FMRFamide', 'Grasshoppers', 'Male', 'Tachykinins']
| 11,179,816
|
[['B01.050'], ['G07.203.650.283', 'G10.261.330'], ['A06'], ['D12.644.400.235', 'D12.776.631.650.235'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.678.369'], ['D12.644.276.812.900', 'D12.644.400.800', 'D12.644.456.800', 'D12.776.467.812.900', 'D12.776.631.650.800', 'D23.469.050.375.850', 'D23.529.812.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Psychosocial functioning of transsexuals in Belgium.
|
Male-to-female (M-F) transsexuals differ consistently from female-to-male (F-M) transsexuals in their sociodemographic characteristics, cross-gender and sexual history and the degree to which personality disorder is concomitant to their transsexuality. As a group, female-to-male transsexuals are more homogeneous. Both groups are impaired in their mental functioning, but the male-to-female population is more mentally disordered. In a comparison between Dutch transsexuals and their Belgian counterparts, the latter were shown to have more mental problems.
|
['Adult', 'Belgium', 'Female', 'Gender Identity', 'Homosexuality', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mental Disorders', 'Netherlands', 'Personality Disorders', 'Personality Inventory', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Social Adjustment', 'Socialization', 'Transsexualism']
| 7,625,192
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.542.115'], ['F01.393.446.250', 'F01.752.747.385.200', 'F01.752.747.722.200', 'F02.739.794.793.200'], ['F01.145.802.975.500', 'G08.686.867.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03'], ['Z01.542.651'], ['F03.675'], ['F04.711.647.513'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['F01.145.813.621'], ['I01.880.853.934'], ['F01.145.802.975.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Neuroepithelial origin of the insular and endopiriform parts of the claustrum.
|
The lateral and ventral pallia have been proposed as the source of neurons for the insular and endopiriform claustra, respectively. However, this correlation is controversial. Here, we analysed this relationship by labelling radial glia in coronal slices of the telencephalon of paraformaldehyde-fixed rabbit embryos (E18-E28) and newborn rabbits with an anti-vimentin antibody or with the fluorescent dye DiI. The radial glia that crossed the claustrum was anchored to the neuroepithelium of the lateral ventricular angle (LVA) at all ages studied. The LVA was deep at E18, but it subsequently become shallower, because of the apposition of the portion of its walls proximal to the vertex of the LVA. At E18, the radial glia that crossed most of the insular claustrum extended from the lateral wall of the LVA (presumptive lateral pallium), and the radial glia that crossed either the most ventral part of the insular claustrum or the endopiriform claustrum proceeded from the medial wall of the LVA (presumptive ventral pallium). These results suggest that although the endopiriform claustrum originates from the ventral pallium, the insular claustrum originates from both the lateral and the ventral pallial portions.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Basal Ganglia', 'Cell Movement', 'Embryo, Mammalian', 'Neuroglia', 'Neurons', 'Rabbits', 'Telencephalon', 'Vimentin']
| 11,923,017
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['A16.254'], ['A08.637', 'A11.650'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['A08.186.211.200.885'], ['D05.750.078.593.900', 'D12.776.220.475.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Five primary human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines established by the outgrowth method.
|
BACKGROUND: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is an aggressive tumor; treatment remains a challenge because of the lack of effective therapeutic strategies. Basic research in this field is dependent on the availability of model systems. New pancreatic cancer cell lines are therefore important for the study of its biology. In the present study, we report the establishment and characterization of five new pancreatic cancer cell lines (PaCaDD-43, -60, -119, -135, -137).MATERIAL AND METHODS: All cell lines were derived from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas by the Dresden outgrowth protocol. The five cell lines originated from primary pancreatic tumors, lymph node metastases, or malignant pleural effusions. We characterized the cell lines by examining their morphology and their cytostructural and functional profiles.RESULTS: All cell lines grew as adherent monolayers and were cultured in optimized Dresden-medium. The doubling time ranged from 22 to 47 h. v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) mutations were detected in four of the five cell lines. KRAS mutations were identical between each primary tumor and the cell line derived from it. Immunohistochemical staining showed cytoplasmic expression of CK8/18, mostly membrane and partially cytoplasmic expression of E-cadherin and strong expression of ezrin in all cell lines. Three cell lines showed nuclear p53 accumulation and heterogeneous expression of vimentin. SMAD4 was heterogeneously expressed in four of the cell lines.CONCLUSIONS: We were able to establish five new primary pancreatic carcinoma cell lines. As applicable tools for basic research, these cell lines might contribute to a better understanding and treatment of this aggressive tumor.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cadherins', 'Cell Culture Techniques', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Keratin-18', 'Keratin-8', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mutation', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Phenotype', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)', 'Smad4 Protein', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53', 'ras Proteins']
| 21,683,373
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.200', 'D12.776.543.550.200.200', 'D23.050.301.350.200'], ['E01.370.225.500.223', 'E05.200.500.265', 'E05.242.223', 'E05.481.500.249'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D05.750.078.593.450.300.800', 'D12.776.220.475.450.300.800', 'D12.776.860.607.300.800'], ['D05.750.078.593.450.600.800', 'D12.776.220.475.450.600.800', 'D12.776.860.607.650.800'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.590'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['G05.695'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.500.600', 'D12.644.360.525.500.600', 'D12.776.157.325.515.500.600', 'D12.776.476.525.500.600', 'D12.776.624.664.700.200'], ['D12.644.360.024.334.750', 'D12.776.157.057.170.750', 'D12.776.260.713.750', 'D12.776.476.024.428.750', 'D12.776.624.776.760', 'D12.776.930.806.750'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.500', 'D12.644.360.525.500', 'D12.776.157.325.515.500', 'D12.776.476.525.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Cricopharyngeal myotomy in the treatment of dysphagia.
|
Deglutition is a complex neuromuscular act. Alterations in anatomy and physiology may lead to dysphagia. The role of the cricopharyngeus appears to be the keystone in the rehabilitation of many patients with dysphagia. This paper examines the physiology of swallowing as well as the patho-physiology of its abberations. Techniques and complications of cricopharyngeal myotomy are presented. Cases of dysphagia due to ablative surgery of the head and neck, dermatomyositis, cerebrovascular accidents, and cricopharyngeal achalasia in which cricopharyngeal myotomy was utilized, are reported. It would appear from this small number of cases, that cricopharyngeal myotomy is indicated in the rehabilitation of dysphagia in patients with varied disease states.
|
['Aged', 'Deglutition Disorders', 'Dermatomyositis', 'Esophageal Achalasia', 'Hemiplegia', 'Humans', 'Laryngeal Diseases', 'Laryngeal Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Methods', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscles', 'Neck', 'Pharynx']
| 1,195,969
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C06.405.117.119', 'C09.775.174'], ['C05.651.594.819.500', 'C10.668.491.562.575.500', 'C17.300.250', 'C17.800.185'], ['C06.405.117.119.500.432'], ['C10.597.622.295', 'C23.888.592.636.312'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.360', 'C09.400'], ['C04.588.443.665.481', 'C08.360.369', 'C08.785.481', 'C09.400.369', 'C09.647.481'], ['E05.581'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['A01.598'], ['A03.556.750', 'A04.623', 'A14.724']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Exceptional running and turning performance in a mite.
|
The Southern California endemic mite Paratarsotomus macropalpis was filmed in the field on a concrete substrate and in the lab to analyze stride frequency, gait and running speed under different temperature conditions and during turning. At ground temperatures ranging from 45 to 60 °C, mites ran at a mean relative speed of 192.4 ± 2.1 body lengths (BL) s(-1), exceeding the highest previously documented value for a land animal by 12.5%. Stride frequencies were also exceptionally high (up to 135 Hz), and increased with substrate temperature. Juveniles exhibited higher relative speeds than adults and possess proportionally longer legs, which allow for greater relative stride lengths. Although mites accelerated and decelerated rapidly during straight running (7.2 ± 1.2 and -10.1 ± 2.1 m s(-2), respectively), the forces involved were comparable to those found in other animals. Paratarsotomus macropalpis employs an alternating tetrapod gait during steady running. Shallow turns were accomplished by a simple asymmetry in stride length. During tight turns, mites pivoted around the tarsus of the inside third leg (L3), which thus behaved like a grappling hook. Pivot turns were characterized by a 42% decrease in turning radius and a 40% increase in angular velocity compared with non-pivot turns. The joint angle amplitudes of the inner L2 and L3 were negligible during a pivot turn. While exceptional, running speeds in P. macropalpis approximate values predicted from inter-specific scaling relationships.
|
['Animals', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Extremities', 'Gait', 'Mites', 'Running', 'Temperature']
| 26,787,481
|
[['B01.050'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['A01.378'], ['E01.370.600.250', 'G11.427.410.568.900.750'], ['B01.050.500.131.166.132.419'], ['G11.427.410.568.610', 'G11.427.410.698.277.750', 'I03.350.750', 'I03.450.642.845.610'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Fentanyl and diazepam in endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract.
|
To compare the effect of fentanyl, a short-acting narcotic analgesic, with that of diazepam as intravenous premedication for endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract, we allocated at random 200 consecutive outpatients requiring elective endoscopy to receive either fentanyl or diazepam; the procedure was evaluated both by the endoscopist and by the patient. The endoscopists' opinion of the ease of the procedure was significantly better for the group of patients who received fentanyl than for the group who received diazepam (P less than 0.001). The patients' opinion of the procedure was not influenced by the premedication used. No serious side effects were observed in either patient group. We concluded that fentanyl has significant advantages over diazepam as premedication for endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract.
|
['Aged', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Diazepam', 'Digestive System', 'Endoscopy', 'Fentanyl', 'Gastroscopy', 'Humans', 'Premedication', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 7,048,037
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['D03.633.100.079.080.070.216'], ['A03'], ['E01.370.388.250', 'E04.502.250'], ['D03.383.621.265'], ['E01.370.372.250.250.325', 'E01.370.388.250.250.250.320', 'E04.210.240.250.320', 'E04.502.250.250.250.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.703'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[The meaning of nonlinear distortions in the internal ear for acoustic and ultrasonic stimuli].
|
A comparative study of nonlinear distortion of microphonic potentials in the rabbit cochlear at the air and bone conduction showed equal values for the air as well as for the within the ultrasonic frequency range did not exceed the hearing spectrum values. The hearing response to ultrasonic stimuli was found not to be due to formation of overtones of ower frequencies but to represent rather the direct cochlear response.
|
['Acoustic Stimulation', 'Animals', 'Bone Conduction', 'Chinchilla', 'Cochlea', 'Electrophysiology', 'Hearing', 'Rabbits', 'Ultrasonics']
| 680,260
|
[['E02.037', 'E02.190.888.030', 'E05.723.136'], ['B01.050'], ['F02.830.816.263.500', 'G07.888.500.500', 'G11.561.790.263.398'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.328'], ['A09.246.300.246'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['F02.830.816.263', 'G07.888.500', 'G11.561.790.263'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['H01.671.031.849']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Actin--an inhibitor of eukaryotic elongation factor activities.
|
An inhibitor of diphtheria toxin- and endogenous transferase-dependent ADP-ribosylation of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2) has been found in the cytoplasmic fraction from rat liver. We provide evidence that this cytoplasmic inhibitor corresponds to actin, which gives rise also to inhibition of polyphenylalanine (polyPhe) synthesis. Both globular monomeric (G-actin) and filamentous (F-actin) forms of actin appear to be inhibitory on the action of elongation factors 1 and 2 (eEF1 and eEF2) in polyPhe synthesis with the inhibitory effect of G-actin proving to be stronger. Some component(s) in the postribosomal supernatant (S-130) fraction and also DNase I prevent actin-promoted inhibition of polyPhe synthesis.
|
['ADP Ribose Transferases', 'Actins', 'Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose', 'Animals', 'Cytosol', 'Deoxyribonuclease I', 'Diphtheria Toxin', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Hepatocytes', 'Inhibitory Concentration 50', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Peptide Elongation Factor 1', 'Peptide Elongation Factor 2', 'Peptides', 'Rabbits', 'Rats', 'Ribosomes']
| 15,094,376
|
[['D08.811.913.400.725.115'], ['D05.750.078.730.250', 'D12.776.210.500.100', 'D12.776.220.525.255'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.124.070.125', 'D09.408.620.569.070.125', 'D13.695.667.138.124.070.125', 'D13.695.827.068.124.070.125', 'D13.695.827.708.070.125'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['D08.811.277.352.335.350.250'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.115.220', 'D23.946.123.305'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['A11.436.348'], ['E05.940.350', 'G07.690.936.563'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.100.101', 'D12.776.157.325.150.101', 'D12.776.835.700.350.101'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.100.102', 'D12.776.157.325.150.102', 'D12.776.835.700.350.102'], ['D12.644'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Explaining patterns of neural activity in the primary motor cortex using spinal cord and limb biomechanics models.
|
What determines the specific pattern of activation of primary motor cortex (M1) neurons in the context of a given motor task? We present a systems level physiological model describing the transformation from the neural activity in M1, through the muscle control signal, into joint torques and down to endpoint forces and movements. The redundancy of the system is resolved by biologically plausible optimization criteria. The model explains neural activity at both the population, and single neuron, levels. Due to the model's relative simplicity and analytic tractability, it provides intuition as to the most salient features of the system as well as a possible causal explanation of how these determine the overall behavior. Moreover, it explains a large number of recent observations, including the temporal patterns of single-neuron and population firing rates during isometric and movement tasks, narrow tuning curves, non cosine tuning curves, changes of preferred directions during a task, and changes of preferred directions due to different experimental conditions.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Animals', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Extremities', 'Humans', 'Models, Biological', 'Models, Neurological', 'Motor Cortex', 'Movement', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Neurons', 'Spinal Cord']
| 17,360,816
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['B01.050'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['A01.378'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E05.599.395.642'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270.548', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.624'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['G11.427.494'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['A08.186.854']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A phase I trial of hyperthermia-induced interleukin-12 gene therapy in spontaneously arising feline soft tissue sarcomas.
|
Interleukin-12 (IL-12), a proinflammatory cytokine, shows anticancer properties. Systemically administered IL-12 causes dose-dependent toxicity. To achieve localized intratumoral gene expression, an adenoviral gene therapy vector with IL-12 controlled by a heat-inducible promoter (heat shock promoter 70B) was developed and tested in a phase I clinical trial in cats with spontaneously arising soft tissue sarcoma. A feasibility study was done in 16 cats with soft tissue sarcoma using murine IL-12 and/or enhanced green fluorescent protein adenoviral vectors under cytomegalovirus or heat shock promoter 70 control. Subsequently, we conducted a phase I clinical trial using an adenoviral feline IL-12 construct in 13 cats with soft tissue sarcoma. The soft tissue sarcomas were irradiated (48 Gy/16 fractions) followed by intratumoral injection of adenovirus. Twenty-four hours postinjection, tumors were heated (41 degrees C, 60 min). Tumor expression of feline IL-12 and IFN-gamma was determined. Cats were monitored for systemic toxicity. For the murine IL-12 construct, an association was noted between viral dose and murine IL-12 levels within tumor, whereas serum levels were minimal. Mild toxicity was noted at 10(11) plaque-forming units (pfu). With the feline IL-12 construct, high levels of feline IL-12 mRNA were detected in tumor biopsies with low or absent IFN-gamma mRNA following gene therapy. Hematologic and hepatic toxicities were noted at the highest viral doses and were associated with detection of IFN-gamma mRNA in tumor. It is possible to localize gene expression and limit systemic toxicity of IL-12 using the hyperthermia-induced gene therapy approach. The maximum tolerated dose of the feline IL-12 adenoviral vector was 10(10) pfu/tumor as dose-limiting toxicities were noted at the 4 x 10(10) pfu dose.
|
['Adenoviridae', 'Animals', 'Cats', 'Cytomegalovirus', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Genetic Therapy', 'Green Fluorescent Proteins', 'Hyperthermia, Induced', 'Interleukin-12', 'Liver', 'Mice', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Sarcoma']
| 17,237,297
|
[['B04.280.030'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['B04.280.382.150.150'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['E02.095.301', 'E05.393.420.301'], ['D12.776.532.265'], ['E02.565'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.512', 'D12.776.467.374.465.512', 'D23.529.374.465.512'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D12.776.828'], ['C04.557.450.795']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Hepatic dopamine sulfotransferases in untreated rats and in rats subjected to endocrine or hypertension-related treatments.
|
Here we describe the dopamine sulfotransferase activity of rat liver cytosol. With cytosol, 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate and dopamine Km values were 17.2 +/- 4.1 and 22.4 +/- 3.5 microM. Females possessed 23 to 37% of dopamine sulfotransferase levels, per gm liver, in males. DEAE-Sephadex A-50 chromatography resolved dopamine sulfotransferase activity to dopamine sulfotransferase I and dopamine sulfotransferase II. Dopamine sulfotransferase II comprised 79 +/- 10 or 61 +/- 18% of dopamine sulfotransferase in males or females in routine assays. 4-Methoxytyramine gave 609 or 179% of mean dopamine sulfotransferase activity with dopamine sulfotransferase I or II. Dopamine and 3-methoxytyramine were comparable substrates. Epinephrine was less effective. Mn++, Cd++, Zn++, Na+ and K+ inhibited dopamine sulfotransferase II. Mg++ activated it. Dopamine sulfotransferase II from males was purified 184 +/- 64-fold. Its Km values for 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate and dopamine were 12.7 +/- 1.5 and 47.5 +/- 6.7 microM, respectively. Its dopamine sulfotransferase mechanism was sequential. The molecular weight of dopamine sulfotransferase II was 49,100 +/- 4,000 by Sephadex G-100 chromatography. Dopamine sulfotransferase II preferred phenol to catecholamines. Dopamine and 3,4-dihydroxybenzylamine were its best catecholamine substrates. Adrenalectomy or castration of males led to 35 or 45% mean decreases of dopamine sulfotransferase levels, indicating adrenal and gonadal participation in control of dopamine sulfotransferase production. Testosterone had no effect in either sex, whereas estradiol led to 40% mean decreases of dopamine sulfotransferase levels in males. This suggested a role for ovaries in dopamine sulfotransferase production, supported by 55 to 102% increased dopamine sulfotransferase levels after ovariectomy. Okamoto-hypertensive males or males given hypertensogenic doses of cortisol exhibited 37 or 48% mean increases of dopamine sulfotransferase levels per gm liver. Antihypertensive spironolactone or hydralazine led to 30% mean decreases of dopamine sulfotransferase levels. Altered dopamine sulfotransferase levels after all experimental manipulations were due mostly to changed dopamine sulfotransferase II content. Dopamine sulfotransferase II is compared to other reported enzymes that sulfate catecholamines.
|
['Adrenalectomy', 'Animals', 'Arylsulfotransferase', 'Castration', 'Catecholamines', 'Chromatography', 'Cytosol', 'Female', 'Hypertension', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Sex Factors']
| 3,192,164
|
[['E04.270.115'], ['B01.050'], ['D08.811.913.817.400.300'], ['E04.270.282', 'E04.950.165'], ['D02.092.311', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175'], ['E05.196.181'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['C14.907.489'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Clear cell mesothelioma presenting as an incarcerated abdominal hernia.
|
A clear cell mesothelioma presenting as an incarcerated ventral abdominal hernia in a 67-year-old man who had no history of asbestos exposure is described. The cause of the cytoplasmic clearing was the presence of large amounts of glycogen. Although uncommon, this variant of mesothelioma is important to recognize because it can be easily confused with other clear cell tumors involving the serosal membranes. Significant recent advances in the immunohistochemistry of epithelioid mesothelioma are briefly reviewed because immunohistochemical studies can be helpful in establishing the correct diagnosis.
|
['Aged', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Glycogen', 'Hernia, Abdominal', 'Humans', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Male', 'Mesothelioma', 'Peritoneal Neoplasms']
| 16,021,512
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.101.140'], ['E01.171'], ['D05.750.078.562.388', 'D09.698.365.388'], ['C23.300.707.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['C04.557.470.035.510', 'C04.557.470.660.510'], ['C04.588.033.513', 'C04.588.274.780', 'C06.301.780', 'C06.844.620']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Tramadol enhances urethral continence function through µ-opioid receptors in rats.
|
AIMS: (±)-Tramadol hydrochloride (tramadol) is a widely used analgesic that stimulates the µ-opioid receptor and inhibits the reuptake of serotonin and noradrenalin. Although tramadol is also known to inhibit the micturition reflex in rats, its effects on urethral continence function have not been reported. We therefore examined whether intravenous tramadol (1, 3, and 10 mg/kg) affects intraurethral pressure, bladder leak point pressure, and leak volume in urethane-anesthetized female rats.METHODS: (1) The intraurethral pressure was recorded with a microtip pressure transducer placed at the maximum pressure zone of the intrinsic urethral sphincter. (2) Gentle pressure was directly applied to the saline-filled bladder with a cotton bud until leakage occurred, and the bladder pressure at the moment of leakage was taken as the bladder leak point pressure. (3) The leak volume was measured as the amount of fluid leakage from the urethral orifice after electrical stimulation of abdominal muscles.RESULTS: Tramadol significantly increased the intraurethral pressure. Both tramadol and morphine increased the bladder leak point pressure and decreased the leak volume. These changes were reversed by subcutaneous pretreatment with naloxone.CONCLUSIONS: Tramadol improved urethral function and inhibited urinary incontinence through µ-opioid receptors.
|
['Analgesics, Opioid', 'Animals', 'Female', 'Morphine', 'Naloxone', 'Narcotic Antagonists', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptors, Opioid, mu', 'Tramadol', 'Urinary Bladder', 'Urinary Incontinence, Stress', 'Urodynamics']
| 22,674,657
|
[['D27.505.696.277.600.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.760.500', 'D27.505.954.427.040.550.500', 'D27.505.954.427.210.600.500'], ['B01.050'], ['D03.132.577.249.562.571', 'D03.605.497.607.587', 'D03.633.400.686.607.587', 'D04.615.723.795.576.571'], ['D03.132.577.249.706', 'D03.605.497.750', 'D03.633.400.686.750', 'D04.615.723.795.706'], ['D27.505.696.543', 'D27.505.696.663.850.512', 'D27.505.954.427.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.620.550', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.610.550', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.610.550'], ['D02.033.415.510.500.802', 'D02.092.668.387.750', 'D10.289.510.500.802'], ['A05.810.890'], ['C12.777.934.852.249', 'C13.351.968.934.814.500', 'C23.888.942.343.800.500'], ['G08.852.898']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Genomic features of intertypic recombinant sabin poliovirus strains excreted by primary vaccinees.
|
The trivalent oral poliomyelitis vaccine (OPV) contains three different poliovirus serotypes. It use therefore creates particularly favorable conditions for mixed infection of gut cells, and indeed intertypic vaccine-derived recombinants (VdRec) have been frequently found in patients with vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis. Nevertheless, there have not been extensive searches for VdRec in healthy vaccinees following immunization with OPV. To determine the incidence of VdRec and their excretion kinetics in primary vaccinees, and to establish the general genomic features of the corresponding recombinant genomes, we characterized poliovirus isolates excreted by vaccinees following primary immunization with OPV. Isolates were collected from 67 children 2 to 60 days following vaccination. Recombinant strains were identified by multiple restriction fragment length polymorphism assays. The localization of junction sites in recombinant genomes was also determined. VdRec excreted by vaccinees were first detected 2 to 4 days after vaccination. The highest rate of recombinants was on day 14. The frequency of VdRec depends strongly on the serotype of the analyzed isolates (2, 53, and 79% of recombinant strains in the last-excreted type 1, 2, and 3 isolates, respectively). Particular associations of genomic segments were preferred in the recombinant genomes, and recombination junctions were found in the genomic region encoding the nonstructural proteins. Recombination junctions generally clustered in particular subgenomic regions that were dependent on the serotype of the isolate and/or on the associations of genomic segments in recombinants. Thus, VdRec are frequently excreted by vaccinees, and the poliovirus replication machinery requirements or selection factors appear to act in vivo to shape the features of the recombinant genomes.
|
['Animals', 'Child', 'Chlorocebus aethiops', 'Genome, Viral', 'Humans', 'Poliovirus', 'Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral', 'Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length', 'RNA, Viral', 'Recombination, Genetic', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Vero Cells']
| 11,390,576
|
[['B01.050'], ['M01.060.406'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.126.110'], ['G05.360.340.358.840'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B04.820.578.750.284.184.500'], ['D20.215.894.899.623.750'], ['G05.365.795.595'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['G05.728'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['A11.251.210.955', 'A11.436.955']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Sonodynamically-induced anticancer effects by functionalized fullerenes.
|
BACKGROUND: Functionalized fullerenes, such as polyhydroxy fullerenes (PHF), have attracted particular attention due to their water solubility and their potential application in tumor imaging and therapy as carbon nanomaterials. In this study, the sonodynamically-induced antitumor effect of PHF was investigated.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sonodynamically-induced antitumor effects of PHF in combination with ultrasound were investigated using isolated sarcoma 180 cells and solid tumor from colon 26 carcinoma cells.RESULTS: The cell damage induced by sonication was enhanced by two-fold in the presence of 80 ìM PHF. Histidine significantly inhibited this enhancement. This inhibitory effect suggests that the sonodynamically-induced antitumor effect was mediated by sonodynamically-generated reactive oxygen species. The combined treatment of ultrasonic exposure with PHF suppressed the growth of implanted colon 26 tumors. The destruction of tumor tissue was observed with the ultrasonic treatment in combination with PHF, while neither the treatment with PHF alone nor that with ultrasound alone caused necrosis.CONCLUSION: These results suggest that PHF is a potential sonosensitizer for sonodynamic treatment of solid tumors.
|
['Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Separation', 'Free Radical Scavengers', 'Fullerenes', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Inbred ICR', 'Nitrogen Oxides', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Sarcoma 180', 'Ultrasonic Therapy']
| 23,898,072
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['E01.370.225.500.363', 'E05.200.500.363', 'E05.242.363'], ['D27.505.519.217.500'], ['D01.268.150.250', 'J01.637.512.600.612.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.510', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.510'], ['D01.362.635', 'D01.625.550', 'D01.650.550.587'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['C04.557.450.795.830.780', 'C04.619.857.656'], ['E02.565.280.945']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Malignant cylindroma].
|
A case of malignant eccrine cylindroma of the skin studied immunohistochemically is reported.
|
['Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Skin Neoplasms']
| 11,076,301
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Computational evaluation of the reactivity and pharmaceutical potential of an organic amine: A DFT, molecular dynamics simulations and molecular docking approach.
|
2-[N-(carboxymethyl)anilino] acetic acid (PIDAA) molecule has been spectroscopically characterized and computationally investigated for its fundamental reactive properties by a combination of density functional theory (DFT) calculations, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and molecular docking procedure. A comparison drawn between the simulated and experimentally attained spectra by FT-Raman and FT-IR showed concurrence. The natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis enabled in comprehending the stability and charge delocalization in the title molecule. The first hyperpolarizability which is an important parameter for future studies of nonlinear optics (NLO) was calculated to check the potential of the molecule to be an NLO material. Besides, frontier molecular orbitals (FMO), electron localization function (ELF) and localized orbital locator (LOL) analysis were performed. Energy gap (ÄE), electronegativity (÷), chemical potential (ì), global hardness (ç), softness (S), Mulliken population analysis on atomic charges and thermodynamic properties of the title compound at different temperatures have been calculated. The local reactive properties of PIDAA have been addressed by MEP and ALIE surfaces, together with bond dissociation energy for hydrogen abstraction (H-BDE). MD simulations have been used in order to identify atoms with pronounced interactions with water molecules. The pharmaceutical potential of PIDAA has been considered by the analysis of drug likeness parameters and molecular docking procedure. The biological activity of the molecule in terms of molecular docking has been analyzed theoretically for the treatment of SARS and minimum binding energy calculated. The Ramachandran plot was used to check the stereochemistry of the protein structure. In addition, a comparison of the physiochemical parameters of PIDAA and commercially available drugs (Yu et al., 2004; Tan et al., 2004; Elshabrawy et al., 2014; Chu et al., 2004; Gopal Samy and Xavier, 2015) were carried out.
|
['Aniline Compounds', 'Density Functional Theory', 'Electrons', 'Molecular Docking Simulation', 'Molecular Dynamics Simulation', 'Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared', 'Spectrum Analysis, Raman', 'Thermodynamics', 'Water']
| 31,176,999
|
[['D02.092.146'], ['H01.671.579.800.500'], ['G01.249.335', 'G01.358.500.750'], ['E05.599.595.249', 'L01.224.160.249'], ['E05.599.595.500', 'G02.111.570.895', 'L01.224.160.500'], ['E05.196.712.726.676.700', 'E05.196.867.826.676.700'], ['E05.196.822.860', 'E05.196.867.890'], ['G01.906'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A ubiquitous factor (HF-1a) and a distinct muscle factor (HF-1b/MEF-2) form an E-box-independent pathway for cardiac muscle gene expression.
|
Recent studies have identified a conserved 28-bp element (HF-1) within the rat cardiac MLC-2 gene which confers cardiac muscle-specific and inducible expression during myocardial cell hypertrophy. Utilizing a combination of independent experimental approaches, this study characterizes two cardiac nuclear factors which bind to HF-1, a ubiquitous factor (HF-1a), and an A + T-rich binding factor (HF-1b) which is preferentially expressed in differentiated cardiac and skeletal muscle cells. The HF-1a binding site is located in a core region of the 28-bp conserved element, immediately upstream from the A + T-rich HF-1b site, which is homologous to the MEF-2 site found in a number of muscle genes. By a number of separate criteria (gel mobility shift, competition, and mutagenesis studies), HF-1b and MEF-2 appear to be indistinguishable and thus are either identical or closely related muscle factors. Transient assays of luciferase reporter genes containing point mutations throughout the 28-bp HF-1 regulatory element document the importance of both the HF-1a and HF-1b sites in transient assays in ventricular muscle cells. In the native 250-bp MLC-2 promoter fragment, mutations in the single E box had little effect on cardiac muscle specificity, while point mutations in either the HF-1a or HF-1b binding site significantly reduced promoter activity, underscoring the importance of both the HF-1a and HF-1b sites in the transcriptional activation of this cardiac muscle gene. Thus, this study provides evidence that a novel, ubiquitous factor (HF-1a) and a muscle factor (HF-1b/MEF-2) can form a novel, E-box-independent pathway for muscle-specific expression in ventricular cardiac muscle cells.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cardiomegaly', 'Cell Differentiation', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Myocardium', 'Rats', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 1,532,229
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['C14.280.195', 'C23.300.775.250'], ['G04.152'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G05.308'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['G02.111.570.080.689', 'G05.360.080.689'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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