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Diphenyl diselenide in vitro and in vivo activity against the oomycete Pythium insidiosum.
|
This study evaluated the in vitro activity of diphenyl diselenide against 19 Pythium insidiosum isolates and the in vivo therapeutic response of rabbits with experimentally induced pythiosis. In vitro: susceptibility tests were performed using the broth macrodilution method in accordance with the CLSI document M38-A2. The criteria for interpretation were as follows: MIC-1 and MIC-2 (inhibition of 90% and 100% of mycelium growth, respectively) and the minimum fungicide concentration (MIC-3). In vivo: twenty rabbits were divided into four groups with five animals each and treated for 40 consecutive days: groups 1 and 2 (experimentally induced pythiosis) were treated with diphenyl diselenide (10mg/kg/day) and canola oil (1 mL/kg/day), respectively; groups 3 and 4 (controls) were treated with canola oil (1 mL/kg/day) and diphenyl diselenide (10mg/kg/day), respectively. Toxicity was evaluated using biochemical and haematological parameters. In vitro susceptibility tests showed that 89.4% of isolates had a MIC-1 ? 0.5 ìg/mL, 84.2% of isolates had a MIC-2 ? 1.0 ìg/mL and 94.7% of isolates had a MIC-3 ? 2.0 ìg/mL. The in vivo assay suggested that this compound has a fungistatic activity, and the biochemical and haematological parameters indicated that there was no renal, hepatic or haematological toxicity. The comparison of the unsaturated iron binding capacity levels between animals with and without pythiosis suggested the involvement of iron metabolism in the pathogenesis of pythiosis. This study demonstrated the absence of detectable toxicity caused by diphenyl diselenide and the in vitro fungicidal and in vivo fungistatic activities of this drug, which makes it an option for future therapeutic approaches in the treatment of pythiosis.
|
['Animals', 'Benzene Derivatives', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Organoselenium Compounds', 'Pythiosis', 'Pythium', 'Rabbits']
| 22,055,205
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.455.426.559.389'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['D02.731'], ['C01.610.701.844', 'C22.761'], ['B01.750.580.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
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|
Distorted estimates of implicit and explicit learning in applications of the process-dissociation procedure to the SRT task.
|
We investigated potential biases affecting the validity of the process-dissociation (PD) procedure when applied to sequence learning. Participants were or were not exposed to a serial reaction time task (SRTT) with two types of pseudo-random materials. Afterwards, participants worked on a free or cued generation task under inclusion and exclusion instructions. Results showed that pre-experimental response tendencies, non-associative learning of location frequencies, and the usage of cue locations introduced bias to PD estimates. These biases may lead to erroneous conclusions regarding the presence of implicit and explicit knowledge. Potential remedies for these problems are discussed.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Learning', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Research Design', 'Young Adult']
| 26,277,258
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.513'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['E05.581.500', 'H01.770.644.728'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
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| 1
| 1
| 1
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| 0
| 1
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| 0
|
Outcomes of Robot-assisted Partial Nephrectomy for Clinical T2 Renal Tumors: A Multicenter Analysis (ROSULA Collaborative Group).
|
BACKGROUND: While partial nephrectomy (PN) represents the standard surgical management for cT1 renal masses, its role for cT2 tumors is controversial. Robot-assisted PN (RAPN) is being increasingly implemented worldwide.OBJECTIVE: To analyze perioperative, functional, and oncological outcomes of RAPN for cT2 tumors.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Retrospective analysis of a large multicenter, multinational dataset of patients with nonmetastatic cT2 masses treated with robotic surgery (ROSULA: RObotic SUrgery for LArge renal mass).INTERVENTION: Robotic-assisted PN.OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Patients' demographics, lesion characteristics, perioperative variables, renal functional data, pathology, and oncological data were analyzed. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses assessed the relationships with the risk of intra-/postoperative complications, recurrence, and survival.RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: A total of 298 patients were analyzed. Median tumor size was 7.6 (7-8.5) cm. Median RENAL score was 9 (8-10). Median ischemia time was 25 (20-32) min. Median estimated blood loss was 150 (100-300) ml. Sixteen patients had intraoperative complications (5.4%), whereas 66 (22%) had postoperative complications (5% were Clavien grade ?3). Multivariable analysis revealed that a lower RENAL score (odds ratio [OR] 0.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.21-0.65, p=0.02) and pathological pT2 stage (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.12-0.86, p=0.001) were protective against postoperative complications. A total of 243 lesions (82%) were malignant. Twenty patients (8%) had positive surgical margins. Ten deaths and 25 recurrences/metastases occurred at a median follow-up of 12 (5-35) mo. At univariable analysis, higher pT stage was predictive of a likelihood of recurrences/metastases (p=0.048). While there was a significant deterioration of renal function at discharge, this remained stable over time at 1-yr follow-up. The main limitation of this study is its retrospective design.CONCLUSIONS: RAPN in the setting of select cT2 renal masses can safely be performed with acceptable outcomes. Further studies are warranted to corroborate our findings and to better define the role of robotic nephron sparing for this challenging indication.PATIENT SUMMARY: This report shows that robotic surgery can be used for safe removal of a large renal tumor in a minimally invasive fashion, maximizing preservation of renal function, and without compromising cancer control.
|
['Aged', 'Databases, Factual', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Margins of Excision', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Neoplasm, Residual', 'Nephrectomy', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Robotic Surgical Procedures', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Tumor Burden']
| 29,784,191
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.945.947.535', 'C12.758.820.750', 'C12.777.419.473', 'C13.351.937.820.535', 'C13.351.968.419.473'], ['A10.830', 'C23.149.625'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['E01.789.625'], ['C04.697.700', 'C23.550.727.700'], ['E04.950.774.435'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E04.749.500', 'J01.897.104.834.500'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E05.041.124.892']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
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HIF-1 expression in healing wounds: HIF-1alpha induction in primary inflammatory cells by TNF-alpha.
|
The expression of the hypoxia-responsive transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 during acute inflammation was investigated in experimental wounds. HIF-1alpha mRNA was maximally expressed in wound cells 6 h after injury. HIF-1alpha protein was detectable in wound cells 1 and 5 days after injury. Cells from 1-day-old wounds were not hypoxic, as determined by lack of pimonidazole hydrochloride adduct formation. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, but not interleukin-1beta, increased the HIF-1alpha protein content of cells isolated 1 and 5 days after injury, and also of glycogen-elicited peritoneal cells, but not HIF-1alpha mRNA. HIF-1alpha did not accumulate in TNF-alpha-treated HeLa, NIH/3T3, NR8383, or RAW 264.7 cells. Nitric oxide from S-nitrosoglutathione did not induce HIF-1alpha accumulation or modulate the response to TNF-alpha. TNF-alpha did not increase oxygen consumption or result in the production of reactive oxygen intermediates by day 1 wound cells. Vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA in wound cells peaked 24 h after wounding. HIF-1 expression in early wounds may contribute to the regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase and vascular endothelial growth factor, two HIF-1-responsive genes intimately related to the process of repair.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Line', 'Endothelial Growth Factors', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit', 'Inflammation', 'Interleukin-1', 'Lymphokines', 'Male', 'Nitroimidazoles', 'Radiation-Sensitizing Agents', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred F344', 'Time Factors', 'Transcription Factors', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors', 'Wound Healing']
| 11,698,256
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D12.644.276.390', 'D12.776.467.390', 'D23.529.390'], ['G05.308'], ['D12.776.260.103.625.750', 'D12.776.930.125.625.750'], ['C23.550.470'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400', 'D23.529.374.465.131', 'D23.529.374.500.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.480', 'D12.776.467.374.480', 'D23.529.374.480'], ['D02.640.672', 'D03.383.129.308.658'], ['D27.505.954.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.200', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.200'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D12.776.930'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200'], ['D12.644.276.100.800', 'D12.776.467.100.800', 'D23.529.100.800'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Radiation therapy of spinal metastases: results with different fractionations.
|
AIMS AND BACKGROUND: Local radiotherapy plays an important role in the palliative treatment of all skeletal metastases, particularly those of the spine, with the purpose to obtain pain relief and prevent pathologic fractures or vertebral collapse.METHODS: From June 1991 to October 1993, 95 patients with a total of 103 sites of spinal metastases were treated at the Institute of Radiology of the University of Rome "La Sapienza". Fractionations and total doses were divided as single fractions of 800 cGy, hypofractionated multiple fractions for a total dose of 20 Gy administered in 4-5 days, and conventional multiple fractions for a total dose of 30-40 Gy in 2-4 weeks. An evaluation of the efficacy of the different radiation treatments was performed with the use of a simplified descriptive pain scale.RESULTS: Seventy-three (70.9%) of 103 treatments were evaluables. An overall response rate of 82.2% was obtained: complete in 38.3% and partial in 43.8%, irrespective of total dose, fractionation and location of irradiated spinal metameres. The analysis of results did not show significant differences between the treatment courses.CONCLUSIONS: We confirm that radiation therapy has a major role in the management of pain control and prevention of fractures in patients with spinal metastases. Hypofractionated and single fraction treatments showed equal efficacy compared to more prolonged therapy, with an advantage for the patient and the radiation therapy institution.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pain', 'Radiotherapy Dosage', 'Spinal Fractures', 'Spinal Neoplasms', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 7,839,465
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.799.513.500', 'G01.750.740.500', 'G04.712.500', 'G07.225', 'G07.738.500', 'N06.850.810.250.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['E02.815.639'], ['C26.117.500.500', 'C26.404.812'], ['C04.588.149.828', 'C05.116.231.828', 'C05.116.900.801'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Rapid development of an axillary mass in an adult: a case of cystic hygroma.
|
Cystic hygroma is a congenital anomaly of lymphatic origin, which mainly develops during childhood. Its development in adulthood, however, has been proposed to be related to several predisposing factors such as trauma, infection, tumor growth or iatrogenic stimuli. The development of cystic hygroma in the extremities of adults is extremely rare and moreover, its development in the axillary region has, to our knowledge, been reported only once in the literature. We describe an unusual case of a cystic hygroma which developed rapidly in the axillary region of a female patient in the absence of any predisposing factor. The diagnostic workup and the need for surgical excision of the mass to obtain an accurate, histologic diagnosis is presented.
|
['Axilla', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymphangioma, Cystic', 'Middle Aged', 'Soft Tissue Neoplasms', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 17,713,316
|
[['A01.378.800.090'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.375.450.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.839'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of intracranial pressure monitoring and targeted intensive care on functional outcome after severe head injury.
|
OBJECTIVE: : Intracranial hypertension after severe head injury is associated with case fatality, but there is no sound evidence that monitoring of intracranial pressure (ICP) and targeted management of cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) improve outcome, despite widespread recommendation by experts in the field. The purpose was to determine the effect of ICP/CPP-targeted intensive care on functional outcome and therapy intensity levels after severe head injury.DESIGN: : Retrospective cohort study with prospective assessment of outcome.SETTING: : Two level I trauma centers in The Netherlands from 1996 to 2001.PATIENTS: : Three hundred thirty-three patients who had survived and remained comatose for >24 hrs, from a total of 685 consecutive severely head-injured adults.INTERVENTIONS: : In center A (supportive intensive care), mean arterial pressure was maintained at approximately 90 mm Hg, and therapeutic interventions were based on clinical observations and computed tomography findings. In center B (ICP/CPP-targeted intensive care), management was aimed at maintaining ICP <20 mm Hg and CPP >70 mm Hg. Allocation to either trauma center was solely based on the site of the accident.MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: : We measured extended Glasgow Outcome Scale after >/=12 months. Patient characteristics were well balanced between the centers. ICP monitoring was used in zero of 122 (0%) and 142 of 211 (67%) patients in centers A and B, respectively. In-hospital mortality rate was 41 (34%) vs. 69 (33%; p = .87). The odds ratio for a more favorable functional outcome following ICP/CPP-targeted therapy was 0.95 (95% confidence interval, 0.62-1.44). This result remained after adjustment for potential confounders. Sedatives, vasopressors, mannitol, and barbiturates were much more frequently used in center B (all p < .01). The median number of days on ventilator support in survivors was 5 (25th-75th percentile, 2-9) in center A vs. 12 (7-19) in center B (p < .001).CONCLUSIONS: : ICP/CPP-targeted intensive care results in prolonged mechanical ventilation and increased levels of therapy intensity, without evidence for improved outcome in patients who survive beyond 24 hrs following severe head injury.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Pressure', 'Brain Injuries', 'Cerebrovascular Circulation', 'Cohort Studies', 'Critical Care', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intracranial Pressure', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Monitoring, Physiologic', 'Recovery of Function', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 16,215,372
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['C10.228.140.199', 'C10.900.300.087', 'C26.915.300.200'], ['G09.330.100.159'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E02.760.190', 'N02.421.585.190'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G11.561.170.505'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.520'], ['G16.757'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Development of a ratiometric fluorescent zinc ion probe in near-infrared region, based on tricarbocyanine chromophore.
|
Novel ratiometric fluorescent probes for Zn2+ in the near-infrared region, based on a tricarbocyanine chromophore, have been designed, synthesized, and evaluated. Upon addition of Zn2+, a 44 nm red shift of the absorption maximum was observed, which indicates that this probe could work as a ratiometric probe for Zn2+. This change is due to the difference in the electron-donating ability of the amine substituent before and after reaction with Zn2+. This fluorescence modulation of amine-substituted tricarbocyanines should be applicable to dual-wavelength measurement of various biomolecules or enzyme activities.
|
['Alkanesulfonates', 'Carbocyanines', 'Coloring Agents', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Infrared Rays', 'Zinc']
| 16,704,241
|
[['D02.455.326.146.100.050', 'D02.886.645.600.055.050'], ['D02.455.326.397.300'], ['D27.720.233'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.552', 'G01.590.540.552', 'G01.750.250.650.552', 'G01.750.770.578.552', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.400', 'G16.500.750.775.525.400', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.400'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The ear lobe crease sign and coronary artery disease in aortic stenosis.
|
Ear lobe creases have been proposed as useful indirect markers of coronary artery disease. To test such a hypothesis, this physical sign was evaluated in 100 patients with symptomatic aortic stenosis undergoing cardiac catheterization to establish the hemodynamic severity of the obstruction and the degree of coronary artery involvement. This is a disorder where the coexistence of cardiac ischemia may play an important part in diagnosis and management. Criteria were established for the degree of ear lobe involvement with a grading of mild (Grade 1), moderate (Grade 2), and severe (Grade 3). Significant coronary artery disease was defined as narrowing greater than or equal to 50% and a coronary score was established. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were calculated, using Bayesian analysis for three levels of assumed coronary artery disease prevalence. An ear lobe crease score was correlated with a coronary artery disease score, taking into account the variables of age, sex, and body mass index. No useful statistical correlations were found and it is concluded that this physical sign is of little practical value in this clinical setting.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aortic Valve Stenosis', 'Coronary Disease', 'Ear, External', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Regression Analysis', 'Sex Factors']
| 3,731,565
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.280.484.048.750', 'C14.280.955.249'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['A09.246.272'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Assessment of publication output in the field of general practice and family medicine and by general practitioners and general practice institutions.
|
PURPOSE: The discipline of family medicine (FM) lacks a comprehensive methodology, which can be applied as a standard for assessing overall research output in both the field of FM and by general practitioners (GPs)/general practice institutions. It was the aim of this study to develop a sensitive search strategy for assessing publication output in the field of FM independent of the author's profession or affiliation and by GPs/general practice institutions independent of their field of scientific interest.METHODS: Literature searches limited to the year 2005 were conducted in PubMed and ISI Web of Sciences (ISI WoS). In PubMed, all relevant MeSH terms were used. Search terms possibly contained in the author's affiliations have been collected. In ISI WoS, the same entry terms including their abbreviations and plural forms were applied. The final queries were validated by manual review and matching results with selected FM journals.RESULTS: A comprehensive list of combined search terms could be defined. For the field of general practice/FM more publications could be retrieved in PubMed. Almost twice as many publications by GPs/general practice institutions could be retrieved in ISI WoS, where--in contrast to PubMed--the affiliation is documented for all authors.CONCLUSIONS: To quantitatively assess publication output in the field of FM, PubMed was identified as the preferable database. To assess publication output by GPs/general practice institutions, the ISI WoS is recommended as the preferable database. Apparently, the ISI WoS is more suitable to compare the research productivity of different countries, authors or institutions.
|
['Bibliometrics', 'Biomedical Research', 'Databases, Bibliographic', 'Family Practice', 'General Practice', 'General Practitioners', 'Periodicals as Topic', 'PubMed']
| 20,554,654
|
[['L01.178.682.099.325', 'L01.453.183.291'], ['H01.770.644.145'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.300', 'L01.470.750.500'], ['H02.403.340.500'], ['H02.403.340'], ['M01.526.485.810.485', 'N02.360.810.485'], ['L01.178.682.829.678'], ['L01.313.500.750.280.750', 'L01.313.500.750.300.188.300.650', 'L01.313.500.750.300.742.650', 'L01.470.750.500.650']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Hypercholesterolemic mice exhibit lymphatic vessel dysfunction and degeneration.
|
Lymphatic vessels are essential for lipid absorption and transport. Despite increasing numbers of observations linking lymphatic vessels and lipids, little research has been devoted to address how dysregulation of lipid balance in the blood, ie, dyslipidemia, may affect the functional biology of lymphatic vessels. Here, we show that hypercholesterolemia occurring in apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE(-/-)) mice is associated with tissue swelling, lymphatic leakiness, and decreased lymphatic transport of fluid and dendritic cells from tissue. Lymphatic dysfunction results in part from profound structural abnormalities in the lymphatic vasculature: namely, initial lymphatic vessels were greatly enlarged, and collecting vessels developed notably decreased smooth muscle cell coverage and changes in the distribution of lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronic acid receptor-1 (LYVE-1). Our results provide evidence that hypercholesterolemia in adult apoE(-/-) mice is associated with a degeneration of lymphatic vessels that leads to decreased lymphatic drainage and provides an explanation for why dendritic cell migration and, thus, immune priming, are compromised in hypercholesterolemic mice.
|
['Animals', 'Apolipoproteins E', 'Cell Count', 'Cell Movement', 'Dendritic Cells', 'Hypercholesterolemia', 'Lymphatic Vessels', 'Mice', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular']
| 19,679,879
|
[['B01.050'], ['D10.532.091.500', 'D12.776.070.400.500', 'D12.776.521.120.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['A11.066.270', 'A11.436.270', 'A15.382.066.270', 'A15.382.670.260'], ['C18.452.584.500.500.396'], ['A15.382.520.301'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A02.633.570.491', 'A07.015.733.500', 'A10.690.467.491']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The Utility of ERBB4 and RB1 Immunohistochemistry in Distinguishing Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma From Renal Oncocytoma.
|
Objectives. Differentiating renal oncocytoma (RO) from chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChRCC) can occasionally be challenging. We evaluated the expression of RB1 and ERBB4 in RO and ChRCC, and compared the immunohistochemistry (IHC) results to RB1 and ERBB4 gene abnormalities detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Materials and Methods. Fifty-three kidney resections (ChRCC, n=28; RO, n=25) were stained for RB1 and ERBB4 IHC and FISH was performed to evaluate gene copy number analysis. Results. A loss of RB1 staining was identified in 64% (18/28) of ChRCCs, which was not found in any ROs (0/25; P <.001). FISH analysis revealed 36% (10/28) of ChRCCs contained a RB1 hemizygous deletion with a concordance of 56% (10/18) between the IHC and FISH findings. No RB1 gene copy number variations were detected in any of the ROs (0/25; P <.001) and retained expression of RB1 by IHC. ERBB4 showed cytoplasmic/membranous staining in all ROs and ChRCCs. However, 75% (21/28) of ChRCCs also contained nuclear positivity for ERBB4, which was uncommonly seen in ROs (3/25, 12%; P < .001). A hemizygous ERBB4 gene deletion was detected in 46% of ChRCCs (13/28), but none of the ROs (0/25; 0%). Loss of labeling by RB1 or nuclear staining for ERBB4 IHC identified 25 of 28 (89%) of ChRCCs. Conclusion. In summary, the loss of RB1 expression is a highly specific diagnostic biomarker in distinguishing ChRCC from RO. Nuclear ERBB4 expression also appears to be a sensitive diagnostic biomarker for ChRCC, albeit the mechanism is unknown.
|
['Adenoma, Oxyphilic', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Carcinoma, Renal Cell', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'Receptor, ErbB-4', 'Retinoblastoma Binding Proteins', 'Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases']
| 31,640,438
|
[['C04.557.470.035.140'], ['D23.101.140'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.390', 'C04.588.945.947.535.160', 'C12.758.820.750.160', 'C12.777.419.473.160', 'C13.351.937.820.535.160', 'C13.351.968.419.473.160'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['C04.588.945.947.535', 'C12.758.820.750', 'C12.777.419.473', 'C13.351.937.820.535', 'C13.351.968.419.473'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009.600', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009.600', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074.600', 'D12.776.624.664.700.791', 'D23.101.140.760'], ['D12.644.360.024.328', 'D12.776.157.057.158', 'D12.776.476.024.420', 'D12.776.660.769'], ['D08.811.464.938.750']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Baicalein improves glucose metabolism in insulin resistant HepG2 cells.
|
Insulin resistance (IR) is the primary pathogenesis of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, often used in the clinical treatment of T2DM. Baicalein which is considered to have anti-IR effects is one of its active ingredients. IR-induced HepG2 cells were used to investigate the effect of baicalein on glucose metabolism and insulin-signaling pathway, using metformin as a positive control. We found that the use of both baicalein and metformin increased the glucose consumption of IR cells, as well as increasing the pyruvate kinase (PK) and glucokinase (GCK) activity. Also increased was the expression levels of insulin receptor (InsR), insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT) pathway and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2). Reduced expression levels were found in that of glucose 6 phosphatase (G6Pase) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) mRNA. The results confirmed that baicalein (10-6 and 10-5 mol/L) promotes glucose uptake and glycolysis, inhibits gluconeogenesis of hepatocytes to improve glucose metabolism, and may be as a result from regulation of InsR/IRS-1/PI3K/AKT pathway. Additionally, baicalein has large concentration range on inhibiting IR, and at lower concentrations has strong anti-IR hepatocyte activity.
|
['Antigens, CD', 'Flavanones', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Glucose', 'Glucose-6-Phosphatase', 'Hep G2 Cells', 'Humans', 'Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases', 'Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP)', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'Receptor, Insulin', 'Signal Transduction']
| 30,970,232
|
[['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.252', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.252'], ['G05.308.320'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.225'], ['A11.251.860.180.432', 'A11.436.348.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.360.024.301', 'D12.776.157.057.045', 'D12.776.476.024.382'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.500'], ['D08.811.520.224.125.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.755', 'D12.776.476.565', 'D12.776.624.664.700.168'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.200', 'D12.776.543.750.630.484', 'D12.776.543.750.750.580.300'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
An oncology unit's initiation of a bereavement support program.
|
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To describe how a multidisciplinary task force on an oncology unit developed and implemented a program offering educational and emotional support for recently bereaved families.DATA SOURCES: Published books and articles and bereavement support models.DATA SYNTHESIS: Program components included bereavement cards and a biannual survivor support program. One program held during the holidays offered formal presentations on grief and stressors and coping strategies. A second program held in the spring explored ways for survivors to experience personal growth. In addition to this program, a staff education component was developed.CONCLUSIONS: Sending bereavement cards served as a nonthreatening way for staff members to begin establishing closure after a patient's death. Staff participation in planning a support program is crucial, and initial staff resistance can be overcome by educating them and including them in program planning. The support program was highly rated by participants, and their evaluations showed that they felt a bond with the nursing staff who had cared for their loved ones.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: These types of programs bring survivors and staff members together. Interaction in the program can enhance survivors' coping skills, acknowledge the bond between caregivers and survivors, and ease staff members' stress caused by caring for dying patients.
|
['Bereavement', 'Family', 'Grief', 'Hospital Bed Capacity, 500 and over', 'Humans', 'Oncology Service, Hospital', 'Patient Care Team', 'Professional-Family Relations', 'Program Development', 'Social Support', 'Survivors', 'Texas']
| 7,854,930
|
[['F01.470.142'], ['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['F01.470.142.110'], ['N02.278.306.472.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.513', 'N04.452.442.452.422.513'], ['N04.590.715'], ['F01.829.401.550'], ['N04.452.760'], ['I01.880.853.500.600'], ['M01.860'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.750']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The biochemical defects of prp4-1 and prp6-1 yeast splicing mutants reveal that the PRP6 protein is required for the accumulation of the [U4/U6.U5] tri-snRNP.
|
We have raised specific antibodies against the PRP6 protein and shown that the U4, U5 and U6 snRNAs are co-precipitated with this protein. Using splicing extracts prepared from in vivo heat-inactivated cells, we have characterized the prp4-1 and prp6-1 biochemical defects. In inactivated prp4-1 cell extracts, the U6 snRNA content as well as the U6, U4/U6 snRNPs and the [U4/U6.U5] tri-snRNP particles amounts are severely reduced. In inactivated prp6-1 cell extracts, the PRP6 mutant protein is barely detectable. Glycerol gradient analyses indicate that, in these extracts, the [U4/U6.U5] tri-snRNPs are present in very low amounts, but U4/U6 snRNP particles are normally represented. These results establish that the PRP6 protein is required for the accumulation of the [U4/U6.U5] tri-snRNP. We found no evidence for the presence of the PRP6 protein in the U4/U6 particle.
|
['Centrifugation, Density Gradient', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Glycerol', 'Mutation', 'Precipitin Tests', 'RNA Splicing', 'Ribonucleoprotein, U4-U6 Small Nuclear', 'Ribonucleoprotein, U5 Small Nuclear', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Spliceosomes']
| 8,479,905
|
[['E05.181.724.336', 'E05.196.941.336'], ['D12.776.354'], ['D02.033.800.875.500', 'D09.853.875.500'], ['G05.365.590'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645', 'E05.196.150.639.500', 'E05.200.812.735.645', 'E05.478.594.760.645', 'E05.478.605.492'], ['G02.111.760.700', 'G03.839.700', 'G05.308.700.700'], ['D12.776.157.725.500.875.615', 'D12.776.664.962.500.875.615'], ['D12.776.157.725.500.875.620', 'D12.776.157.725.829.375', 'D12.776.664.962.500.875.620', 'D12.776.664.962.829.375'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.850']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Protein binding glucocorticoid hormones (transcortin) during peri-and postnatal ontogenesis and pregnancy in rats].
|
The constants of association and the energy of interaction between transcortin and cortisol, the binding ability and other characteristics of transcortin have been studied in the embryos, sexually immature and mature young and old females, females on the 14th and 21st days of pregnancy, immature and mature males. The constant of association in all the groups amounted to ca. 10(8) and the energy of interaction ca. 10 Cal/mole. The embryos and immature rats of both sexes are characterized by relatively low levels of the binding ability of transcortin. During the sexual maturation, the level of transcortin increased--insignificantly in males and markedly in females. The level of transcortin in the latter remained almost invariable during pregnancy and senescence. By the electrophoretic and sedimentation properties transcortin was the same in different groups. The high level of transcortin during pregnancy corresponded to the high level of hormones bound by transcortin, the level of these hormones in the embryos being much lower than in the mother.
|
['Age Factors', 'Animals', 'Body Weight', 'Corticosterone', 'Electrophoresis, Disc', 'Female', 'Fetal Blood', 'Male', 'Maternal-Fetal Exchange', 'Pregnancy', 'Progesterone', 'Rats', 'Sex Factors', 'Transcortin', 'Ultracentrifugation']
| 1,026,881
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['B01.050'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.237', 'D06.472.040.585.353.237'], ['E05.196.401.402.236', 'E05.301.300.319.403'], ['A12.207.152.200', 'A15.145.300', 'A16.378.200'], ['G08.686.784.769.455'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['D12.644.861.923', 'D12.776.124.790.106.901', 'D12.776.157.818', 'D12.776.377.715.085.901', 'D12.776.395.901', 'D12.776.872.923'], ['E05.181.724', 'E05.196.941']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Genetic and pharmacological targeting of CSF-1/CSF-1R inhibits tumor-associated macrophages and impairs BRAF-induced thyroid cancer progression.
|
Advanced human thyroid cancers are densely infiltrated with tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and this correlates with a poor prognosis. We used BRAF-induced papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) mouse models to examine the role of TAMs in PTC progression. Following conditional activation of BRAF(V600E) in murine thyroids there is an increased expression of the TAM chemoattractants Csf-1 and Ccl-2. This is followed by the development of PTCs that are densely infiltrated with TAMs that express Csf-1r and Ccr2. Targeting CCR2-expressing cells during BRAF-induction reduced TAM density and impaired PTC development. This strategy also induced smaller tumors, decreased proliferation and restored a thyroid follicular architecture in established PTCs. In PTCs from mice that lacked CSF-1 or that received a c-FMS/CSF-1R kinase inhibitor, TAM recruitment and PTC progression was impaired, recapitulating the effects of targeting CCR2-expressing cells. Our data demonstrate that TAMs are pro-tumorigenic in advanced PTCs and that they can be targeted pharmacologically, which may be potentially useful for patients with advanced thyroid cancers.
|
['Animals', 'Anisoles', 'Carcinoma', 'Carcinoma, Papillary', 'Cell Movement', 'Chemokine CCL2', 'Disease Progression', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor', 'Macrophages', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Protein Kinase Inhibitors', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf', 'Pyrimidines', 'Receptor, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor', 'Receptors, CCR2', 'Signal Transduction', 'Thyroid Cancer, Papillary', 'Thyroid Neoplasms']
| 23,372,702
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.355.601.200', 'D02.355.726.158', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.654.158'], ['C04.557.470.200'], ['C04.557.470.200.360', 'C04.557.470.700.360'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.110.990.600', 'D12.776.467.374.200.110.990.600', 'D23.125.300.110.990.600', 'D23.469.200.110.990.600', 'D23.529.374.200.110.990.500'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.240.500', 'D12.776.395.240.500', 'D12.776.467.374.410.240.500', 'D23.529.374.410.240.500'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['D27.505.519.389.755'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.559.842.374', 'D12.644.360.400.842.374', 'D12.776.476.400.842.437', 'D12.776.624.664.700.204.200'], ['D03.383.742'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.500', 'D12.776.543.750.630.492', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.150.150', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.200.200', 'D12.776.624.664.700.800'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.160.150.200', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.125.150.200'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.085.612', 'C04.588.322.894.400', 'C04.588.443.915.400', 'C19.344.894.400', 'C19.874.788.400'], ['C04.588.322.894', 'C04.588.443.915', 'C19.344.894', 'C19.874.788']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Sanitary chemical research on the atmosphere in wards for cardiac patients].
|
Man passes a greater part of the day-and-night in closed premises. The pollutants of the inside air, in quantity and quality are more various than that of the atmospheric air, which is due to the additional sources of pollution. The investigation performed is part of a complex study and hygienic assessment of the environment in the hospital rooms of two cardiological wards in view of the prevailing contingent of patients with heart diseases and their specific sensitivity to its qualities. The chemical state of the aerial environment was traced according to several basic indices: concentration of CO2, ammonia, total content of organic substances (oxidizable) and some pollutants, migrating from the polymeric materials, used for furnishing of the hospital rooms. The results received show the necessity for strictly following the regime of ventilation, ensuring the indispensable area for each patient and high light for the rooms. In view of economy of time, labour and means it is recommended the determination of oxidizability and content of ammonia in the air to be carried out one daily. It is also recommended to use synthetic polymer materials in the hospital premises subject to enforced sanitary protection, as little as possible.
|
['Air', 'Air Pollution, Indoor', 'Bulgaria', 'Heart Diseases', 'Hospital Units', 'Humans', 'Microclimate']
| 1,796,108
|
[['G16.500.275.063.150', 'N06.230.300.100.150'], ['N06.850.460.100.080'], ['Z01.542.248.180'], ['C14.280'], ['N02.278.388'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G16.500.275.071.450', 'N06.230.300.100.250.450']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Isolation of Mycoplasma from the placenta after cesarean section.
|
Placentas obtained at cesarean section were cultured for Mycoplasma and other microorganisms in 123 randomly selected patients in order to evaluate the incidence of Mycoplasma, to identify factors which may contribute to their presence, and to correlate their presence with the occurrence of postpartum infection. Twenty-eight placentas (22.8%) yielded Mycoplasma positive cultures. The incidence of Mycoplasma in the placenta was significantly higher in patients with ruptured membranes. The incidence of postpartum fever was significantly higher (P less than 0.01) in cases positive for Mycoplasma as compared to cases in which the placenta was negative for Mycoplasma. Findings were similar for both groups with regard to the incidence of unexplained postpartum fever. The results of this study suggest that Mycoplasma may be considered a relatively frequent pathogen and should be considered a possible cause of postpartum fever.
|
['Cesarean Section', 'Extraembryonic Membranes', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Labor, Obstetric', 'Mycoplasma', 'Mycoplasma Infections', 'Placenta', 'Pregnancy', 'Puerperal Infection']
| 995,338
|
[['E04.520.252.500'], ['A10.615.284', 'A16.254.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.784.769.326'], ['B03.440.860.580.553.553'], ['C01.150.252.400.610.610'], ['A16.710'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C01.674.715', 'C13.703.700.715', 'C13.703.844.757']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Critical Issues on Diverticular Disease.
|
In this session diverse critical issues in diverticular disease were considered, including "In or outpatient management of uncomplicated diverticulitis?", "Segmental colitis associated with diverticulosis: what is it?"and "Diverticular inflammation is a risk factor for colorectal cancer?". The conclusions drawn are outlined in the statements but in summary, outpatient management is safe in selected patients, as long as correct diagnosis and stage are assured, and this can allow a cost effective treatment. Non-antibiotic management is also safe but should be confined as an outpatient treatment in carefully selected patients. Segmental colitis associated with diverticulosis (SCAD) is a defined pathological entity (only diagnosed on biopsy) characterized by an inflammatory bowel disease-like pathology, occurring principally in the sigmoid colon, with rectal and right colon sparing. The pathogenesis is unclear but may include a genetic predisposition, microbiome alteration and ischaemia. Treatment can last months, and depends on severity, options include antibiotics, 5 ASA and probiotics for mild cases. Severe disease needs systemic steroids or even anti TNFá treatment. Whether diverticular inflammation is a risk factor for colorectal cancer was debated and the conclusion that within the first eighteen months of diagnosis of diverticular disease associations with cancer are found, likely due to similar symptoms and misclassification of disease. After that time, diverticular disease does not increase the risk of colorectal cancer. Therefore, this is recommended to exclude cancer with imaging and colonoscopy after healing of the first episode of diverticulitis.
|
['Ambulatory Care', 'Colitis', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Delivery of Health Care', 'Diverticular Diseases', 'Diverticulitis', 'Diverticulosis, Colonic', 'Humans', 'Risk Factors']
| 31,930,225
|
[['E02.760.106', 'N02.421.585.106'], ['C06.405.205.265', 'C06.405.469.158.188'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['N04.590.374', 'N05.300'], ['C06.405.205.282'], ['C06.405.205.282.500'], ['C06.405.469.158.587'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A PTPN11 allele encoding a catalytically impaired SHP2 protein in a patient with a Noonan syndrome phenotype.
|
The RASopathies are a relatively common group of phenotypically similar and genetically related autosomal dominant genetic syndromes caused by missense mutations affecting genes participating in the RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway that include Noonan syndrome (NS) and Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines (NSML, formerly LEOPARD syndrome). NS and NSML can be difficult to differentiate during infancy, but the presence of multiple lentigines, caf? au lait spots, and specific cardiac defects facilitate the diagnosis. Furthermore, individual PTPN11 missense mutations are highly specific to each syndrome and engender opposite biochemical alterations on the function of SHP-2, the protein product of that gene. Here, we report on a 5-year-old male with two de novo PTPN11 mutations in cis, c.1471C>T (p.Pro491Ser), and c.1492C>T (p.Arg498Trp), which are associated with NS and NSML, respectively. This boy's phenotype is intermediate between NS and NSML with facial dysmorphism, short stature, mild global developmental delay, pulmonic stenosis, and deafness but absence of caf? au lait spots or lentigines. The double-mutant SHP-2 was found to be catalytically impaired. This raises the question of whether clinical differences between NS and NSML can be ascribed solely to the relative SHP-2 catalytic activity.
|
['Alleles', 'Biocatalysis', 'Child, Preschool', 'Facies', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Noonan Syndrome', 'Phenotype', 'Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11']
| 24,891,296
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['G02.111.086', 'G02.130.500', 'G03.105'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C23.550.291.812', 'E01.370.600.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C05.660.207.690', 'C14.240.400.787', 'C14.280.400.787', 'C16.131.240.400.784', 'C16.131.621.207.690', 'C17.300.690'], ['G05.695'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.775.300.800', 'D08.811.277.352.650.775.700.800', 'D12.644.360.585.800', 'D12.776.476.564.800', 'D12.776.476.800.800']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Choice of technique in "difficult" inguinal hernias. Personal experience].
|
The authors refer on their positive results in the treatment of so-called difficult inguinal hernias (relapsing or multiple hernias) with the use of prosthetic prolene mesh according to Stoppa's procedure (partly modified) through a preperitoneal approach after a Pfannenstiel's incision. On the other hand recurrent hernias in risky patients as well as gross hernias are treated by Rives' method which consists in a prolene mesh placement through the inguinal approach.
|
['Hernia, Inguinal', 'Humans', 'Polypropylenes', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Recurrence', 'Surgical Mesh']
| 2,228,685
|
[['C23.300.707.374.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.590', 'D05.750.716.550', 'D25.720.716.550', 'J01.637.051.720.716.550'], ['C23.550.767'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E07.858.708']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Erectile function outcome after bilateral nerve sparing radical prostatectomy: which patients may be left untreated?
|
INTRODUCTION: Several studies have shown that erectile function (EF) recovery in patients undergoing bilateral nerve sparing radical prostatectomy (BNSRP) improves significantly when phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5) are administered following surgery.AIM: The aim of this article was to identify patients who may recover EF after retropubic BNSRP (BNSRRP) without PDE5.METHODS: We included 293 patients treated with BNSRRP at a single center. Postoperative EF recovery was defined as an EF domain score of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) ?22. No patient received any treatment for postoperative erectile dysfunction (ED). Kaplan-Meier curves assessed time to EF recovery according to patient age, preoperative EF, and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI). Univariable and multivariable Cox regression models tested the association between predictors and EF recovery. Finally, the rate of EF recovery of untreated patients after BNSRP was compared with a subset of patients with similar preoperative characteristics but receiving PDE5.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The main outcome measure of this article was the IIEF-EF domain score.RESULTS: Overall, 105/293 (35.8%) reached an IIEF-EF ?22 after a mean follow-up of 26.8 months. At multivariable analyses, age, preoperative IIEF-EF, and CCI achieved independent predictor status (all P?0.04). Patients <55 years had a 72.4% EF recovery rate compared with 30% of patients >70 years (P<0.001). Similarly, preoperatively fully potent patients (IIEF-EF ?26) had a 56.6% chance of recovering EF after surgery compared with 18% of patients with severe ED before surgery (P<0.001). The rate of EF recovery in untreated patients <55 years and with a pre-op IIEF-EF ?22 was higher but did not differ significantly from comparable patients receiving PDE5 (P=0.11).CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the rate of EF postoperative recovery in patients left untreated after surgery is modest (35.8%). Although younger patients with a good preoperative EF may experience good EF recovery rates even without any treatment, use of PDE5 after surgery further improved their functional outcomes. Therefore, a therapy for ED should be offered to all patients treated with BNSRP.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Erectile Dysfunction', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Penile Erection', 'Penis', 'Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors', 'Prostatectomy', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Recovery of Function']
| 22,240,189
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C12.294.644.486', 'F03.835.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G08.686.784.717'], ['A05.360.444.492'], ['D27.505.519.389.735.500'], ['E04.950.774.860.625'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['G16.757']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Designing a social and assistive robot for seniors.
|
BACKGROUND: The development of social assistive robots is an approach with the intention of preventing and detecting falls among seniors. There is a need for a relatively low-cost mobile robot with an arm and a gripper which is small enough to navigate through private homes.MATERIAL AND METHODS: User requirements of a social assistive robot were collected using workshops, a questionnaire and interviews. Two prototype versions of a robot were designed, developed and tested by senior citizens (n = 49) in laboratory trials for 2 h each and in the private homes of elderly persons (n = 18) for 3 weeks each.RESULTS: The user requirement analysis resulted in a specification of tasks the robot should be able to do to prevent and detect falls. It was a challenge but possible to design and develop a robot where both the senior and the robot arm could reach the necessary interaction points of the robot. The seniors experienced the robot as happy and friendly. They wanted the robot to be narrower so it could pass through narrow passages in the home and they also wanted it to be able to pass over thresholds without using ramps and to drive over carpets.CONCLUSION: User trials in seniors' homes are very important to acquire relevant knowledge for developing robots that can handle real life situations in the domestic environment. Very high reliability of a robot is needed to get feedback about how seniors experience the overall behavior of the robot and to find out if the robot could reduce falls and improve the feeling of security for seniors living alone.
|
['Accidental Falls', 'Activities of Daily Living', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Equipment Design', 'Equipment Failure Analysis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Man-Machine Systems', 'Needs Assessment', 'Patient Preference', 'Robotics', 'Self-Help Devices', 'Social Support', 'Sweden', 'User-Computer Interface', 'Utilization Review']
| 27,220,732
|
[['N06.850.135.122'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.320'], ['E05.325.192'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.784.412.575', 'J01.293.556.441', 'J01.897.441'], ['I02.594', 'N03.349.380.565', 'N05.300.537'], ['F01.100.150.750.625.500', 'F01.145.488.887.625.500', 'N04.452.822.700.500', 'N05.300.150.800.625.500'], ['H01.671.293.643', 'J01.897.104.834', 'L01.224.050.375.630'], ['E07.796'], ['I01.880.853.500.600'], ['Z01.542.816.500'], ['L01.224.900.910'], ['N04.761.879', 'N05.700.900']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Biomonitoring and exposure levels of imidacloprid in air of workplace and on skin of workers exposed to pesticides.
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The article presents results ofhygienic studies on work conditions in using imidacloprid-based pesticides in agriculture. Analysis covered imidacloprid levels in air of workplace, on skin and in urine of workers.
|
['Adult', 'Agriculture', 'Air Pollutants, Occupational', 'Dermatitis, Occupational', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Neonicotinoids', 'Nitro Compounds', 'Occupational Exposure', 'Occupational Health', 'Pesticides', 'Risk Management', 'Workplace']
| 30,351,844
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['J01.040'], ['D27.888.284.101.268'], ['C17.800.174.255.700', 'C17.800.815.255.700', 'C24.270'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.383.464'], ['D02.640'], ['N06.850.460.350.600'], ['N01.400.525'], ['D27.720.031.700', 'D27.888.723'], ['N03.219.463.800', 'N04.452.871'], ['N01.824.245.925', 'N04.452.677.975']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Randot stereoacuity does not accurately predict ability to perform two practical tests of depth perception at a near distance.
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PURPOSE: It is common practice to administer stereopsis tests such as the Randot Stereotest to prospective employees for occupations requiring depth perception. However, there is no evidence that stereoacuity measured with tests such as the Randot Stereotest will predict an individual's ability to perform a depth perception task at near.METHODS: Forty-eight people with normal binocular vision were tested on 2 practical depth perception tests, and their stereoacuity was measured with the Randot Stereotest.RESULTS: There was little correlation between stereoacuity and either of the practical tasks (r<+/-0.1).CONCLUSIONS: These results show that Randot stereoacuity does not reliably predict depth perception ability for people who enjoy normal binocular vision. A better method for determining depth perception ability might be to issue a practical depth perception task.
|
['Adult', 'Depth Perception', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Vision Tests', 'Visual Acuity']
| 16,276,324
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F02.463.593.200', 'F02.463.593.778.255'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E01.370.380.850'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The role, practice and training of unregulated birth workers in Australia: A mixed methods study.
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BACKGROUND: In Australia, the provision of homebirth services by unregulated birthworkers (doulas, ex-registered midwives, traditional midwives and lay workers) has increased. Accessing a homebirth with a registered midwife via mainstream services is limited. Concern is growing that new legislation aimed at prohibiting unregulated birthworkers practice may result in homebirth going underground.AIM: To explore the role, practice and training of unregulated birthworkers in Australian and establish what they would do if legislation prohibited their practice.METHODS: This study used a mixed methods sequential exploratory design to explore the practice, training and role of unregulated birthworkers in Australia. In phase one, four unregulated birthworkers were interviewed in-depth and the findings informed the development of a survey in phase two. This was distributed nationally through two consumer websites, social media, Facebook and email. Data from both phases were integrated.FINDINGS: Unregulated birthworkers in Australia provide homebirth services to women with high and low-risk pregnancies when this choice is unavailable or unacceptable within mainstream services. They operate covertly to protect their practice and avoid the scrutiny of authorities. Unregulated birthworkers can be experienced and trained in childbirth care and practice, much like a midwife working within a holistic paradigm of care.CONCLUSION: Unregulated birthworkers believe they provide women with the homebirth service they want but cannot access. Mainstream service providers need to listen to consumer criticisms, as women seek answers outside the system. Change is needed to improve and align services with women's expectations of homebirth.
|
['Australia', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Midwifery', 'Pregnancy', 'Professional Role']
| 29,803,611
|
[['Z01.639.100', 'Z01.678.100.373'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.478.676.416'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['F01.829.316.616.625']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
[Reconstructive microsurgery in the treatment of brachial plexus injury].
|
Experience of treatment of 157 patients with the plexus brachialis (PB) injury was summarized. The author delineates three clinical groups depending on the kind of the PB autoplasty done. High efficacy of the PB autoplasty with the nerves transplants bed plasty using fascial-subcutaneous flap on vascular peduncle was noted.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Brachial Plexus', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Microsurgery', 'Middle Aged', 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures']
| 11,944,273
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A08.800.800.720.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.494', 'E05.591.580'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.680']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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Insulin resistance of denervated rat muscle: a model for impaired receptor-function coupling.
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The effect of short-term denervation on the response to insulin was studied in isolated rat soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles 6 and 24 h after severing one sciatic nerve. Impaired insulin sensitivity and response occurred within 6 h postdenervation in solei. After 24 h, EDL of fed and fasted rats and solei of fed rats showed no stimulation of glycogen synthesis even with supraphysiological doses, whereas solei of fasted rats showed markedly decreased sensitivity and response to insulin. Insulin resistance of glycogen synthesis represented impaired stimulation of glucose transport and impaired glucose-independent activation of glycogen synthase by insulin. Changes in initial glycogen content of muscles did not correlate with insulin resistance. Insulin binding after denervation showed only minimum impairment and did not account for the marked insulin resistance. The response of denervated solei to epinephrine was unimpaired. Insulin resistance, which develops early after denervation in red and white muscles, represents primarily a defect in receptor-function coupling, suggesting that in muscle, nervous stimuli and/or contractile activity modulate signal transmission by the occupied insulin receptor.
|
['Animals', 'Deoxyglucose', 'Epinephrine', 'Glucose', 'Glucose-6-Phosphate', 'Glucosephosphates', 'Glycogen', 'Glycogen Synthase', 'Insulin', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Male', 'Muscle Denervation', 'Muscles', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Receptor, Insulin', 'Sciatic Nerve', 'Time Factors']
| 6,437,249
|
[['B01.050'], ['D09.254.229'], ['D02.033.100.291.310', 'D02.092.063.291.310', 'D02.092.211.215.454', 'D02.092.311.461', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.461'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['D09.894.417.448.500'], ['D09.894.417.448'], ['D05.750.078.562.388', 'D09.698.365.388'], ['D08.811.913.400.450.460.375'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['E04.525.210.500', 'E04.525.210.560.500'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.200', 'D12.776.543.750.630.484', 'D12.776.543.750.750.580.300'], ['A08.800.800.720.450.760'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Childhood risk factors for thin body preoccupation and social pressure to be thin.
|
OBJECTIVE: Thin body preoccupation and social pressure to be thin (TBPSP) in adolescence are risk factors for the development of full and partial bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. This study examined precursors of these potent risk factors.METHOD: A prospective study followed 134 children from birth to 11.0 years and their parents. Recruitment began in January 1990 and ended in March 1991. The study was completed in December 2002.RESULTS: Two moderators identified different groups at risk for the development of TBPSP. A father with high body dissatisfaction characterized the largest group in which TBPSP was elevated for girls who were concerned about and attempted to modify their weight and for children with fathers who had a high drive for thinness. A child at risk for overweight characterized the second smaller group. Parental behaviors such as overcontrol of their child's eating, together with later pressure from parents and peers to be thin, were related to higher levels of TBPSP.CONCLUSIONS: Different pathways lead to the development of eating disorder psychopathology. These results suggest that prevention programs for eating disorders should begin in early childhood, possibly involving parental education and behavior change, and that different prevention programs may be required for different pathways.
|
['Body Image', 'Bulimia Nervosa', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Father-Child Relations', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Overweight', 'Peer Group', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Social Conformity', 'Thinness']
| 17,242,620
|
[['F01.752.747.792.110', 'F02.463.593.112'], ['F03.400.250'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['F01.829.263.370.290.110'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C23.888.144.699', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699'], ['F01.829.316.483'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.813.625'], ['C23.888.144.828', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.828', 'G07.100.100.160.120.828']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Status of domestic wastewater management in relation to drinking-water supply in two states of India.
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In India, supply of drinking water, treatment and disposal of domestic wastewater including faecal matter are managed by local bodies. The existing status of water supply, characteristics of domestic wastewater, modes of collection, treatment and disposal system for sewage and faecal matter in 82 municipalities and 4 municipal corporations were assessed in the States of Bihar and West Bengal in India. Domestic wastewater in the municipal areas is collected and discharged through open kachha (earthen), pucca (cement-concrete) and natural drains and discharged into water courses or disposed on land. Scavenger carriage system for night soil disposal is in-vogue at several places in the surveyed States. Open defecation by the inhabitants in some of the municipalities also occurs. The existing methods of collection, treatment and disposal of sewage impairs the water quality of different water sources. Techno-economically viable remedial measures for providing basic amenities, namely safe drinking-water supply and proper sanitation to the communities of these two States of India are suggested and discussed.
|
['Developing Countries', 'Humans', 'India', 'Sanitary Engineering', 'Sewage', 'Waste Disposal, Fluid', 'Water Supply']
| 10,842,846
|
[['I01.615.500.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['H02.229.656', 'J01.293.821', 'N06.850.780.200.800.800', 'N06.850.860.510'], ['D20.944.932.500'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900'], ['J01.293.821.500']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Anaerobic-ion exchange (AN-IX) process for local-scale nitrogen recovery from wastewater.
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An anaerobic-ion exchange (AN-IX) process was developed for point-of-origin recovery of nitrogen from household wastewater. The process features upflow solids-blanket anaerobic treatment (ammonification) followed by ammonium ion exchange onto natural zeolite. The AN-IX system is configured as a series of linked upflow chambers that operate passively without energy input, and is amenable to intermittent and seasonal operation. A 57L prototype was operated for over 1.8 years treating actual wastewater under field conditions. Total nitrogen removal exceeded 96% through the first 160 days of operation and effluent ammonium nitrogen remained below detection for 300 days. Ion exchange chambers exhibited sequential NH4(+)-N breakthrough over extended operation and complete media exhaustion was approached at Day 355. The ammonium capacity of zeolite was estimated as 13.5mg NH4(+)-N per gram dry weight. AN-IX is a resilient and cost effective process for local-scale nitrogen recovery and reuse, suitable for small scale and larger systems.
|
['Ammonium Compounds', 'Anaerobiosis', 'Bioreactors', 'Equipment Design', 'Florida', 'Ion Exchange', 'Nitrogen', 'Waste Disposal, Fluid', 'Waste Water', 'Zeolites']
| 26,253,916
|
[['D01.625.062'], ['G02.111.062', 'G03.078'], ['E07.115', 'J01.897.120.115'], ['E05.320'], ['Z01.107.567.875.750.350'], ['G02.437'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900'], ['D20.944.932', 'N06.850.460.710.865'], ['D01.056.050.075.975', 'D01.578.725.025.975', 'D01.650.550.050.075.975', 'D01.837.725.700.760.050.950']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
CYP2D6 function moderates the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of 3,4-methylene-dioxymethamphetamine in a controlled study in healthy individuals.
|
The role of genetic polymorphisms in cytochrome (CYP) 2D6 involved in the metabolism of 3,4-methylene-dioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) is unclear. Effects of genetic variants in CYP2D6 on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic effects of MDMA were characterized in 139 healthy individuals (70 men, 69 women) in a pooled analysis of eight double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover studies. In CYP2D6 poor metabolizers, the maximum concentrations (Cmax) of MDMA and its active metabolite 3,4-methylene-dioxyamphetamine were +15 and +50% higher, respectively, compared with extensive metabolizers and the Cmax of the inactive metabolite 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymethamphetamine was 50-70% lower. Blood pressure and subjective drug effects increased more rapidly after MDMA administration in poor metabolizers than in extensive metabolizers. In conclusion, the disposition of MDMA and its effects in humans are altered by polymorphic CYP2D6 activity, but the effects are small because of the autoinhibition of CYP2D6.
|
['Area Under Curve', 'Blood Pressure', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Healthy Volunteers', 'Humans', 'Male', 'N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Prospective Studies', 'Serotonin Agents', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 27,253,829
|
[['E05.318.740.200', 'G03.787.101', 'G07.690.725.064', 'N06.850.520.830.200'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['D08.244.453.005.600', 'D08.244.453.491.372', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.010.600', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.450.368', 'D12.776.422.220.453.010.600', 'D12.776.422.220.453.491.368'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['M01.774.500', 'M01.955.236'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.092.471.683.152.670'], ['G05.365.795'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D27.505.519.625.850', 'D27.505.696.577.850'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Understanding adherence to guidelines in the intensive care unit: development of a comprehensive framework.
|
BACKGROUND: Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) have been hailed as a useful method of translating evidence into practice. Several CPGs have been published that provide recommendations for feeding patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Despite a rigorous development process and active dissemination of these guidelines, their impact on nutrition practice has been modest. The purpose of this study was to develop a comprehensive framework for understanding adherence to nutrition CPGs in the critical care setting.METHODS: Multiple case studies were completed at 4 Canadian ICUs. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 7 key informants at each ICU site who were asked about their perceptions and attitudes toward guidelines in general and the Canadian Critical Care Nutrition CPGs specifically. Interview transcripts and related documents were analyzed qualitatively using a framework approach.RESULTS: The 5 key components of the developed framework were characteristics of the CPGs, the implementation process, institutional factors, provider intent, and the clinical condition of the patient. These key themes encapsulate numerous itemized factors that contribute to guideline adherence either as barriers or enablers.CONCLUSIONS: Adherence to nutrition CPGs is determined by a complex interaction of multiple factors that act as barriers or enablers. The comprehensive framework for adherence to CPGs in the ICU attempts to elucidate this process and provides a useful template for future research. Future quality improvement initiatives should assess local barriers to change and design interventions to overcome these barriers.
|
['Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Canada', 'Critical Care', 'Guideline Adherence', 'Humans', 'Intensive Care Units', 'Nutrition Therapy', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic']
| 21,097,762
|
[['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['Z01.107.567.176'], ['E02.760.190', 'N02.421.585.190'], ['N04.761.337', 'N05.715.360.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.388.493'], ['E02.642'], ['N04.761.700.350.650', 'N05.700.350.650']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Renal cell carcinoma with a huge solitary metastasis to the contralateral adrenal gland: a case report.
|
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is capable of metastasizing to several organs. Synchronous isolated contralateral adrenal metastasis of the primary RCC is, however, very rare. Herein we report a case of RCC with a huge solitary metastasis to the contralateral adrenal gland that was surgically treated. We scheduled nephrectomy for the left primary RCC and adrenalectomy for the right adrenal tumor. However, at surgery we found a huge right adrenal tumor that had invaded the right kidney, right renal vein, and inferior vena cava. Therefore right nephrectomy was performed simultaneously with resection and reconstruction of the inferior vena cava. Pathological findings demonstrated that the left renal tumor and right adrenal tumor had the same histology. Although the patient required hemodialysis, he remains well at six months postoperatively. So far, there have been only two cases of a solitary contralateral metastatic adrenal tumor that was larger than the primary RCC, thus the present case is the third one.
|
['Adrenal Gland Neoplasms', 'Adrenal Glands', 'Carcinoma, Renal Cell', 'Humans', 'Kidney', 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 19,120,516
|
[['C04.588.322.078', 'C19.053.347', 'C19.344.078'], ['A06.300.071'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.390', 'C04.588.945.947.535.160', 'C12.758.820.750.160', 'C12.777.419.473.160', 'C13.351.937.820.535.160', 'C13.351.968.419.473.160'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453'], ['C04.588.945.947.535', 'C12.758.820.750', 'C12.777.419.473', 'C13.351.937.820.535', 'C13.351.968.419.473'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[The importance of secondary immune deficiencies in the pathogenesis of dysentery].
|
Some immunity indices were studied in patients with acute dysentery. The number of total and active T-lymphocytes, T mu- and T gamma-cells, T-rabbit, T-staphylococcal, B-total and B-lymphocytes forming rosettes with mouse erythrocytes were determined for assessment of the immune status. Changes in the above indices with relation to the severity of the disease were noted. Suppression of the T- and B-systems of immunity were noticeable in patients with a severe and lingering course of disease. Delayed time of complete convalescence was observed in patients with a marked imbalance of indices of the T- and B-systems of immunity during convalescence.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Convalescence', 'Dysentery, Bacillary', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Shigella flexneri', 'Shigella sonnei', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 3,070,808
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['C23.550.291.562'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.229', 'C06.405.205.331.479', 'C06.405.469.300.479'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C20.673'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['B03.440.450.425.850.450', 'B03.660.250.150.730.210'], ['B03.440.450.425.850.800', 'B03.660.250.150.730.710'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Visionary choice of Japanese radiologists and radiological technologists in 21st century].
|
Since X-ray CT appeared in radiology practice in the 1970s, there has been rapid progress in imaging modalities such as US, MRI, PET, and PACS. With these new modalities, radiology has strengthened its advantage in medical practice. In earlier times, it was said "ohne Roentgen, keine Medizin". This is still true today, and undoubtedly will be true even in the future. Medical practice can no longer be carried out in the absence of the new imaging technologies. On the other hand, sophisticated computer technology has engendered a new fight for turf among the medical specialties. To win this battle, I consider improved mutual understanding, close cooperation, and esprit de corps between radiologists and radiological technologists to be of utmost importance. This article describes the following: (1) what a medical team should be, (2) how a good medical team should be organized, (3) how important a four-year course in medical technology is, (4) how our survival can be ensured in the new turf battle with advanced medical technology, (5) how JMCP should be run in the future, (6) how important it is for Japanese radiology to show a strong presence in the Asian-Oceanian Society of Radiology, (7) how we can survive in a digital world, and (8) how we should relate to the recent social environment surrounding us.
|
['Humans', 'Radiology', 'Technology, Radiologic', 'Workforce']
| 11,857,952
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.403.740'], ['E05.920', 'H02.010.850', 'J01.897.891'], ['N04.452.525']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Elevated interleukin-17 and reduced testosterone in bipolar disorder. Relation with suicidal behaviour.
|
Hormonal imbalance and inflammation are associated with bipolar disorder and suicidal behavior. The present study was designed to assess the levels of testosterone and interleukin-17 and their association with suicidal behavior in patients with bipolar disorder in remission. 41 bipolar disorder cases in remission and 41 age matched controls were enrolled in the study. Testosterone and interleukin-17 levels were assessed in both the groups. Interleukin-17 was significantly increased and testosterone was significantly reduced in bipolar disorder when compared with controls. IL-17 was negatively correlated with testosterone (r = -0.368, p = 0.018) and positively correlated with duration of disease (r = 0.382, p = 0.014) in bipolar disorder patients. Both didn't show any association with suicidal behavior. We conclude that testosterone is increased and interleukin-17 is reduced in bipolar disorder in remission and these were not associated with suicidal behavior in these patients.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Bipolar Disorder', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-17', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Suicide', 'Testosterone', 'Young Adult']
| 29,979,995
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F03.084.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.517', 'D12.776.467.374.465.517', 'D23.529.374.465.517'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.145.126.980.875', 'I01.880.735.856'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.429.824', 'D06.472.334.851.968.984'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Phylogeography of supralittoral rocky intertidal Ligia isopods in the pacific region from central California to central Mexico.
|
BACKGROUND: Ligia isopods are widely distributed in the Pacific rocky intertidal shores from central California to central Mexico, including the Gulf of California. Yet, their biological characteristics restrict them to complete their life cycles in a very narrow range of the rocky intertidal supralittoral. Herein, we examine phylogeographic patterns of Ligia isopods from 122 localities between central California and central Mexico. We expect to find high levels of allopatric diversity. In addition, we expect the phylogeographic patterns to show signatures of past vicariant events that occurred in this geologically dynamic region.METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We sequenced two mitochondrial genes (Cytochrome Oxidase I and 16S ribosomal DNA). We conducted Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses. We found many divergent clades that, in general, group according to geography. Some of the most striking features of the Ligia phylogeographic pattern include: (1) deep mid-peninsular phylogeographic breaks on the Pacific and Gulf sides of Baja peninsula; (2) within the Gulf lineages, the northern peninsula is most closely related to the northern mainland, while the southern peninsula is most closely related to the central-southern mainland; and, (3) the southernmost portion of the peninsula (Cape Region) is most closely related to the southernmost portion of mainland.CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our results shed light on the phylogenetic relationships of Ligia populations in the study area. This study probably represents the finest-scale phylogeographic examination for any organism to date in this region. Presence of highly divergent lineages suggests multiple Ligia species exist in this region. The phylogeographic patterns of Ligia in the Gulf of California and Baja peninsula are incongruent with a widely accepted vicariant scenario among phylogeographers, but consistent with aspects of alternative geological hypotheses and phylo- and biogeographic patterns of several other taxa. Our findings contribute to the ongoing debate regarding the geological origin of this important biogeographic region.
|
['Animals', 'California', 'DNA, Mitochondrial', 'DNA, Ribosomal', 'Electron Transport Complex IV', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Isopoda', 'Mexico', 'Phylogeny']
| 20,657,776
|
[['B01.050'], ['Z01.107.567.875.580.200', 'Z01.107.567.875.760.200'], ['D13.444.308.283.225'], ['D13.444.308.475'], ['D05.500.562.374', 'D08.811.600.250.687', 'D08.811.682.285', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.875.304', 'D12.776.543.277.687', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.875.484'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['B01.050.500.131.365.400'], ['Z01.107.567.589'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Malassezia spp.-specific immunoglobulin E level is a marker for severity of atopic dermatitis in adults.
|
The significance of allergen-specific IgE as marker for severity of atopic dermatitis is controversial. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of IgE-mediated sensitisation to food and environmental allergens in 132 children and 67 adults with atopic dermatitis, and its correlation to severity of atopic dermatitis (SCORAD). Total IgE was elevated (> 100 kU/l) in 79.7% of adults and 46.8% of children. Sensitisation frequencies to allergens, particularly microbial allergens, were up to 10-fold higher in adults compared to children. Severity of atopic dermatitis correlated with elevated total IgE in adults (r = 0.549, p < 0.001) and children (r = 0.344, p = 0.005) and with Malassezia spp.-specific IgE in adults (r = 0.429, p = 0.007). Total IgE is a marker for severe atopic dermatitis in both age groups. Malassezia spp.-specific IgE is an important allergen-specific marker for severity of atopic dermatitis in adults.
|
['Adult', 'Allergens', 'Antibodies, Fungal', 'Biomarkers', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Dermatitis, Atopic', 'Female', 'Food Hypersensitivity', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin E', 'Infant', 'Malassezia', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Risk Factors', 'Serologic Tests', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Young Adult']
| 24,696,225
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D23.050.063'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.179', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.179', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.179'], ['D23.101'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C16.320.850.210', 'C17.800.174.193', 'C17.800.815.193', 'C17.800.827.210', 'C20.543.480.343'], ['C20.543.480.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.312', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.312', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.312'], ['M01.060.703'], ['B01.300.179.111', 'B01.300.381.522', 'B01.300.930.574'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E01.370.225.812.735', 'E05.200.812.735', 'E05.478.594.760'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Platelet function after the single administration of buflomedil].
|
Earlier investigations have demonstrated that buflomedil, a substance which is successful in the clinical treatment of peripheral vascular disease, exerts an inhibitory effect on ADP-induced aggregation ex vivo and in vitro. In the presented study the effect of buflomedil on platelets is investigated. Clinically widely used platelet function tests were performed after a single oral dose of buflomedil (300 mg) to healthy volunteers. Again, an ex vivo inhibition of ADP-induced aggregation was confirmed. None of the other parameters examined was influenced by the administered drug, such as plasma thromboxane B2, the platelet proteins, the platelet sensitivity to antiaggregatory prostaglandins and the prostacyclin synthesis stimulating plasma factor.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Platelets', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Platelet Aggregation', 'Platelet Count', 'Platelet Function Tests', 'Pyrrolidines', 'Vasodilator Agents']
| 4,072,227
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G09.188.370.687', 'G09.188.390.600.640'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.740', 'E01.370.225.625.107.700', 'E01.370.225.625.625.625', 'E05.200.500.195.107.740', 'E05.200.625.107.700', 'E05.200.625.625.625', 'E05.242.195.107.740', 'G04.140.107.740', 'G09.188.105.700'], ['E01.370.225.625.625', 'E05.200.625.625'], ['D03.383.773'], ['D27.505.954.411.918']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Downregulated expression of hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) reduces gallbladder cancer cell proliferation and invasion.
|
Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF), a heparin-binding growth factor, has a wide range of biological functions, including mitogenic activity and vascular development. Recent studies demonstrated that HDGF also acted as an oncogene with aberrantly increased activity in multiple human cancers; however, little is known about the biological function of HDGF in gallbladder cancer (GBC). In this study, we focused on the clinical significance and biological functions of HDGF in GBC and found that Nuclear HDGF protein overexpression was frequently detected in GBC tissues. Patients with nuclear HDGF-positive tumors had worse overall survival than patients with HDGF-negative tumors. Furthermore, treatment of GBC lines with HDGF-targeting siRNA oligonucleotides (HDGF-siRNA) significantly reduced the proliferation of GBC-SD and SGC-996 cell lines and diminished both anchorage-independent growth on soft agar and cell migration. These data indicate that HDGF acts as a putative oncogene in GBC and could be a novel diagnostic and therapeutic target for GBC.
|
['Cell Growth Processes', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Down-Regulation', 'Female', 'Gallbladder Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'RNA Interference', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 23,609,195
|
[['G04.161', 'G07.345.249.410'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['C04.588.274.120.401', 'C06.130.320.401', 'C06.130.564.401', 'C06.301.120.401'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D12.644.276', 'D12.776.467', 'D23.529'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Characterization of zinc-binding properties of a novel imidase from Pseudomonas putida YZ-26.
|
The imidase from Pseudomonas putida YZ-26 consisting of 293-amino acid residues is a novel imidase with four subunits as the holo-enzyme and low molecular weight which is significantly different from known mammalian imidase. This study measured the zinc-binding properties of the imidase using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry and competition assay combined with activity determinations. Results show that each subunit of the imidase binds the zinc ion by 1:1 stoichiometry with apparent binding constant of 9.5 x 10(8)M(-1). The activity of the apo-imidase (20 microM) was recovered with the addition of zinc in the lower concentration (0-20 microM), whereas the enzymatic activity is decreased in the presence of high concentration of zinc (above 100 microM). The site-directed mutagenesis of His(247), His(86) or Cys(7), Cys(108) in imidase resulted in loss of activity and zinc-binding abilities at different degrees, showing that these residues may critically affect both enzymatic activity and conformation.
|
['Amidohydrolases', 'Base Sequence', 'DNA Primers', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Conformation', 'Pseudomonas putida', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Zinc']
| 19,931,221
|
[['D08.811.277.087'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.675', 'B03.660.250.580.590.580'], ['D12.776.828'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Plain radiograghs of lumbar spine in patients with low back pain.
|
Low back pain (LBP) is a common presenting complaint in our hospital in Enugu Nigeria. Three hundred thirty-three radiographs of patients with LBP were studied. A lot of them had bony outgrowths (osteophytes) on the spine. Plain radiograph of the spine is useful in studying these patients' condition.INTRODUCTION: Low back pain (LBP) is one of the common symptoms which bring patients to hospital and ultimately to radiology department for medical assistance. Plain radiographs of lumbar spine are usually the initial imaging tools requested by clinicians. The objective of this study is to evaluate commonest finding in patients with LBP to guide physicians for improved management.METHODS: This work was a retrospective study. Plain films of these patients with LBP at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, were assessed by two radiologists. Findings documented and analyzed using IBM'S SPSS 22. Association was determined using chi-square with level of significance, p < 0.05.RESULTS: Total number of radiographs reviewed was 333. One hundred and eighty-three (55.0%) patients were females. Age ranged from 14 to 101 years. Mean age of 53.4 ± 15.9 years. Disc space was normal in majority (55.3%, 184/333) of patients; narrowing was observed in most others (43.2%, 144/333), about half of the narrowing occurring along with vacuum phenomenon. Osteophytes were commonest finding in a total of 284/333 (85.3%) existing alone or in combination with other findings. Proportion of patients with osteophytes was highest in sixth to eighth decade of life (98.8% of 61-80 age group), followed by 41-60 age group (92.9%). This association between age group and the presence of osteophytes was statistically significant (p < 0.000). Anterior vertebral body was affected in 85.0% (284/333) of patients.CONCLUSIONS: Osteophytes are common radiologic features in LBP. Anterior vertebral body is most affected. It is commoner in the older age group. Plain radiograph is an invaluable imaging tool in the management of LBP in this part of the world.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Low Back Pain', 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nigeria', 'Osteophyte', 'Radiography', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 30,293,145
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.888.592.612.107.400'], ['A02.835.232.834.519'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.058.290.190.565'], ['C05.116.540.310.800'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Bacterial periorbital and orbital cellulitis in childhood.
|
The clinical features, microbiologic data, complications, and treatment in 137 children with periorbital cellulitis and 21 children with orbital cellulitis is presented. Periorbital cellulitis was more frequent (87%) than orbital cellulitis (13%). Periorbital cellulitis is a heterogeneous disease that may complicate trauma of the eyelids, external ocular infection, and upper respiratory infection. Children with periorbital cellulitis related to trauma or external infection tended to be less than 5 years old with negative blood cultures (99%) and positive cultures of percutaneous aspirates (42%); while children with periorbital cellulitis related to upper respiratory infection also tended to be less than 5 years of age, but blood cultures were frequently positive (42%) and cultures of percutaneous aspirates were usually negative (92%). Three children in the latter group developed meningitis. Intravenous antibiotic alone was effective treatment in most patients (90%). Orbital cellulitis was more frequent in children older than 5 years and frequently associated with sinusitis (90%). Blood and skin cultures were usually negative. Intravenous antibiotics alone were effective management in many patients (62%), but a significant proportion required paranasal sinus or orbital surgery (38%).
|
['Bacterial Infections', 'Cellulitis', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Orbital Diseases', 'Sinusitis']
| 6,866,441
|
[['C01.150.252'], ['C01.800.130', 'C01.830.200', 'C17.300.185', 'C23.550.470.756.200'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C11.675'], ['C01.748.749', 'C08.460.692.752', 'C08.730.749', 'C09.603.692.752']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Placental examination with dye injections in post-delivery chorionicity assessment in dichorionic triplet pregnancy.
|
The incidence of spontaneous triplet pregnancy is approximately 1 in 7000 deliveries. Due to the fact that every presentation of a triplet and higher order pregnancy is associated with high rate of morbidity and preterm delivery, chorionicity and amnionicity remain significant predictive factors which determine specific management throughout the pregnancy. Ultrasound chorionicity assessment in triplet pregnancies is more complex than in twins, and in many cases it remains unknown. We present a case report of a 24-year-old primipara in a spontaneous dichorionic triplet pregnancy, qualified for a cesarean section at 33 weeks of gestation, with subsequent placental examination with dye injections and post-delivery chorionicity assessment.
|
['Adult', 'Cesarean Section', 'Chorion', 'Coloring Agents', 'Female', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Natural Childbirth', 'Parturition', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy, Triplet']
| 27,306,295
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E04.520.252.500'], ['A10.615.284.473', 'A16.254.750.473'], ['D27.720.233'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['G08.686.784.769.490.249'], ['G08.686.784.769.490'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.784.769.545.126']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Cellular localization of the multidrug-resistance gene product P-glycoprotein in normal human tissues.
|
Monoclonal antibody MRK16 was used to determine the location of P-glycoprotein, the product of the multidrug-resistance gene (MDR1), in normal human tissues. The protein was found to be concentrated in a small number of specific sites. Most tissues examined revealed very little P-glycoprotein. However, certain cell types in liver, pancreas, kidney, colon, and jejunum showed specific localization of P-glycoprotein. In liver, P-glycoprotein was found exclusively on the biliary canalicular front of hepatocytes and on the apical surface of epithelial cells in small biliary ductules. In pancreas, P-glycoprotein was found on the apical surface of the epithelial cells of small ductules but not larger pancreatic ducts. In kidney, P-glycoprotein was found concentrated on the apical surface of epithelial cells of the proximal tubules. Colon and jejunum both showed high levels of P-glycoprotein on the apical surfaces of superficial columnar epithelial cells. Adrenal gland showed high levels of P-glycoprotein diffusely distributed on the surface of cells in both the cortex and medulla. These results suggest that the protein has a role in the normal secretion of metabolites and certain anti-cancer drugs into bile, urine, and directly into the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract.
|
['ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Drug Resistance', 'Epitopes', 'Genes', 'Humans', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Organ Specificity']
| 2,444,983
|
[['D12.776.157.530.100.075.063', 'D12.776.157.530.450.074.500.500.250.125', 'D12.776.395.550.020.400.153', 'D12.776.543.550.192.400.153', 'D12.776.543.585.100.200.125', 'D12.776.543.585.450.074.500.500.250.125'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['G07.690.773.984'], ['D23.050.550'], ['G05.360.340.024.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['G07.650']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The natural antioxidant otobaphenol delays the permeability transition of mitochondria and induces their aggregation.
|
The lignan otobaphenol, (8R,8'R,7R)-4'-hydroxy-5'-methoxy-3,4-methylenedioxy-2',7,8,8'-neolignan, extracted from Virola Aff. Pavonis leaves, completely inhibits at a concentration of 2.5 micro M the Fe(3+)-ascorbate-induced lipoperoxidation of rat liver mitochondria that was determined by oxygen consumption and accumulation of thiobarbituric acid-reactive species. At 25 micro M, it delays the mitochondrial permeability transition induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide or Ca(2+), substantially inhibits the state 3 respiration, does not affect the state 4 respiration and the ADP/O ratio (with succinate), diminishes the rate of Ca(2+) uptake by mitochondria, and delays the ruthenium red-insensitive uncoupler-induced release of the loaded Ca(2+). Dose-dependent delaying of the calcium-induced swelling of mitochondria in the presence of otobaphenol nonlinearly correlates with its 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity. At 75 micro M and higher, this lignan causes mitochondrial aggregation and is able to aggregate itself, without mitochondria. The formed aggregates of otobaphenol do not cause an aggregation of subsequently added mitochondria. Thus, otobaphenol seems to be a promising target to prevent the oxidative stress death of cells.
|
['Animals', 'Antioxidants', 'Ascorbic Acid', 'Biphenyl Compounds', 'Butylated Hydroxytoluene', 'Calcium', 'Cell Membrane Permeability', 'Ferric Compounds', 'Free Radical Scavengers', 'Intracellular Membranes', 'Lipid Peroxidation', 'Male', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Mitochondria, Liver', 'Mitochondrial Swelling', 'NADP', 'Oxidative Phosphorylation', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Phenols', 'Picrates', 'Rats', 'Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances', 'Time Factors', 'tert-Butylhydroperoxide']
| 12,880,483
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D02.241.081.844.107', 'D02.241.511.902.107', 'D09.811.100'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.185'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.239.216'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['G03.143.335', 'G04.175'], ['D01.490.100'], ['D27.505.519.217.500'], ['A11.284.149.450', 'A11.284.835.514'], ['G02.111.515', 'G03.295.531.587'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564.461', 'A11.284.835.626.461'], ['G04.590'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.749', 'D08.211.625', 'D13.695.667.138.749', 'D13.695.827.068.749'], ['G02.111.665.550', 'G03.295.631', 'G03.796.550'], ['G03.680'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.566.690', 'D02.640.743.690'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D02.047.700.700', 'D27.720.470.410.750'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.925', 'D01.339.431.374.925', 'D01.650.550.750.900', 'D02.389.338.825']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Laccase activity in soils: considerations for the measurement of enzyme activity.
|
Laccases (benzenediol: oxygen oxidoreductases, EC 1.10.3.2) are copper-containing enzymes that catalyze the oxidative conversion of a variety of chemicals, such as mono-, oligo-, and polyphenols and aromatic amines. Laccases have been proposed to participate in the transformation of organic matter and xenobiotics as well as microbial interactions. Several laccase assays have been proposed and used in soils. Here, we show that the optimal pH conditions for the laccase substrates 2,2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS, pH 3-5), 2,6-dimethoxyphenol (4-5.5), L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA; 4-6), guaiacol (3.5-5), 4-methylcatechol (3.5-5), and syringaldazine (5.5-7.0) are similar between purified laccases from Trametes versicolor and Pyricularia sp. and soil extracts; the substrate affinities of purified enzymes (K(M)) and soil extracts were also similar. The laccase assays showed specificity overlap with tyrosinase and ligninolytic peroxidases when hydrogen peroxide is present. The ABTS oxidation assay is able to reliably detect the presence of 13.5 pg mL(-1) or 0.199?10(-12) mol mL(-1) of T. versicolor laccase, which is three times more sensitive than the 2,6-dimethoxyphenol-based assay and more than 40 times more sensitive than any of the other assays. The low molecular mass soil-derived compounds and the isolated fulvic and humic acids influence the laccase assays and should be removed from the soil extracts before measurements of the enzyme activity are performed.
|
['Artifacts', 'Benzopyrans', 'Enzyme Assays', 'Humic Substances', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Kinetics', 'Laccase', 'Mitosporic Fungi', 'Molecular Weight', 'Soil', 'Trametes']
| 22,475,148
|
[['E05.047'], ['D03.383.663.283', 'D03.633.100.150'], ['E05.196.427'], ['D02.241.444', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.377', 'D20.721.500'], ['G02.300'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D08.811.682.494'], ['B01.300.381'], ['G02.494'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['B01.300.179.120.174.850']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The tandem complex of BEL and KNOX partners is required for transcriptional repression of ga20ox1.
|
Summary Two interacting three amino acid loop extension (TALE) proteins of potato, StBEL5 (Solanum tuberosom BEL 5) and POTH1 (potato homeobox 1), mediate developmental processes by regulating phytohormone levels. Overexpression of either partner alone increased tuber yields by lowering gibberellin (GA) levels and increasing cytokinins. Gel shift assays demonstrated that StBEL5 and POTH1 bind to the regulatory region of ga20 oxidase1 (ga20ox1) from potato, a gene encoding a key enzyme in the GA biosynthetic pathway. In tandem, StBEL5 and POTH1 had a greater binding affinity for the ga20ox1 promoter than either protein alone. The StBEL5-POTH1 heterodimer bound specifically to a composite 10-bp sequence, containing two TGAC cores. Using a transcription assay, StBEL5 and POTH1 suppressed the activity of the ga20ox1 promoter by more than 50%. Dominant negative constructs containing the protein-binding domains of StBEL5 or POTH1 blocked the repression activity of StBEL5 or POTH1, respectively. The mutated ga20ox1 promoter that could be bound by the StBEL5 or POTH1 proteins individually but not by the StBEL5-POTH1 heterodimer also abolished the repression activity of StBEL5, POTH1, and the StBEL5-POTH1 heterodimer. These results indicate that the tandem interaction of StBEL5 and POTH1 is essential for regulation of the expression of their target gene.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'DNA, Plant', 'Dimerization', 'Escherichia coli', 'Genes, Plant', 'Homeodomain Proteins', 'Macromolecular Substances', 'Plant Proteins', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Solanum tuberosum', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 15,078,330
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D13.444.308.435'], ['G02.206', 'G03.230'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.393', 'G05.360.340.365.500'], ['D12.776.260.400'], ['D05'], ['D12.776.765'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.725.777'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins isolated by selected-affinity anti-apolipoprotein B immunosorption from human atherosclerotic plaque.
|
We isolated and characterized immunoreactive apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoproteins from human atherosclerotic plaque and plasma to determine whether very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) can enter and become incorporated into the atherosclerotic lesion and how plaque apoB-containing lipoproteins differ from apoB-containing lipoproteins isolated from plasma. Atherosclerotic plaques were obtained during aortic surgery and processed immediately. Lipoproteins were extracted from minced plaque in a buffered saline solution (extract A). In selected cases a second extraction was done after plaque was incubated with collagenase (extract B). Lipoproteins were then isolated from the extracts by anti-apoB immunosorption and separated into VLDL + intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) (d < 1.019 g/mL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (1.019 < d < 1.070 g/mL) fractions by ultracentrifugation. The VLDL + IDL fractions from plaque contained more than one third of the total apoB-associated lipoprotein cholesterol in both extracts A and B. The lipid composition of VLDL + IDL in both extracts was related to that of plasma VLDL + IDL. By electron microscopy mean particle diameters of VLDL + IDL from extracts A and B were 9% and 23%, respectively, greater than VLDL + IDL diameters from plasma. Mean diameters of LDL from extracts A and B were 11% and 31% greater than LDL diameters from plasma. The apoE-apoB ratio of extract A VLDL + IDL was nearly twice that of plasma VLDL + IDL and severalfold higher than that of extract A LDL. Immunoblots of both VLDL + IDL and LDL from extract A demonstrated minimal fragmentation of apoB.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Aged', 'Antibodies', 'Apolipoproteins B', 'Apolipoproteins E', 'Arteriosclerosis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunoelectrophoresis', 'Immunosorbent Techniques', 'Lipoproteins', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Particle Size', 'Triglycerides']
| 7,947,602
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['D10.532.091.300', 'D12.776.070.400.300', 'D12.776.521.120.300'], ['D10.532.091.500', 'D12.776.070.400.500', 'D12.776.521.120.500'], ['C14.907.137.126'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645.350.350', 'E05.196.401.568', 'E05.200.812.735.645.350.350', 'E05.301.300.568', 'E05.478.594.760.645.350.350', 'E05.478.605.492.350.350'], ['E05.478.566.380', 'E05.601.470.380'], ['D10.532', 'D12.776.521'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G02.712'], ['D10.351.801']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
RNA aptamers specifically interact with the prion protein PrP.
|
We have isolated RNA aptamers which are directed against the recombinant Syrian golden hamster prion protein rPrP23-231 (rPrPc) fused to glutathione S-transferase (GST). The aptamers did not recognize the fusion partner GST or the fusion protein GST::rPrP90-231 (rPrP27-30), which lacks 67 amino acids from the PrP N terminus. The aptamer-interacting region of PrPc was mapped to the N-terminal amino acids 23 to 52. Sequence analyses suggest that the RNA aptamers may fold into G-quartet-containing structural elements. Replacement of the G residues in the G quartet scaffold with uridine residues destroyed binding to PrP completely, strongly suggesting that the G quartet motif is essential for PrP recognition. Individual RNA aptamers interact specifically with prion protein in brain homogenates from wild-type mice (C57BL/6), hamsters (Syrian golden), and cattle as shown by supershifts obtained in the presence of anti-PrP antibodies. No interaction was observed with brain homogenates from PrP knockout mice (prn-p(0/0)). Specificity of the aptamer-PrP interaction was further confirmed by binding assays with antisense aptamer RNA or a mutant aptamer in which the guanosine residues in the G tetrad scaffold were replaced by uridine residues. The aptamers did not recognize PrP27-30 in brain homogenates from scrapie-infected mice. RNA aptamers may provide a first milestone in the development of a diagnostic assay for the detection of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'Cattle', 'Cricetinae', 'Glutathione Transferase', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Nucleic Acid Conformation', 'Oligoribonucleotides', 'PrP 27-30 Protein', 'RNA-Binding Proteins', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Species Specificity', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 9,343,239
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['D08.811.913.225.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.570.820.486', 'G05.360.580'], ['D13.695.578.424.500'], ['D12.776.785.340.750.700'], ['D12.776.157.725', 'D12.776.664.962'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['G16.824'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Medium for selective isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans.
|
A medium has been developed that permits the selective recovery of Cryptococcus neoformans from heavily contaminated materials. It employs creatinine as a nitrogen source, diphenyl (C(6)H(5)C(6)H(5)) and chloramphenicol as mold and bacterial inhibitors, and Guizotia abyssinica seed extract as a specific color marker. The medium has proved to be effective in the direct isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans from pigeon nests and from the air.
|
['Biphenyl Compounds', 'Chloramphenicol', 'Creatine', 'Cryptococcus', 'Culture Media', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Seeds']
| 5,907,910
|
[['D02.455.426.559.389.185'], ['D02.033.455.706.300', 'D02.455.426.559.389.565.175', 'D02.640.529.175'], ['D02.078.370.280', 'D12.125.373'], ['B01.300.381.258', 'B01.300.930.316'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['E05.481'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sleep-related hormone secretion in depressed patients.
|
Among human subjects, sleep is a time of considerable neuro-endocrine activity and the nocturnal secretion of growth hormone is intimately related to the sleep-wake cycle. In contrast, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis of entrained individuals shows a circadian pattern of activity with secretion increasing in the latter part of sleep. A variety of neuroendocrine disturbances have been described in depressed patients who also manifest consistent disturbances in their sleep-wake cycle. The sleep-wake cycle is capable of masking these rhythms and thereby modifying patterns of hormone secretion. The sleep disturbance in depressed patients appears to have little effect on the phase of either cortisol or growth hormone secretion but does reduce their amplitudes.
|
['Adrenal Cortex', 'Adult', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Electroencephalography', 'Female', 'Growth Hormone', 'Humans', 'Hydrocortisone', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pituitary Gland, Anterior', 'Sleep']
| 4,091,022
|
[['A06.300.071.140'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F03.600.300'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.425', 'D12.644.548.691.525.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.600', 'D06.472.040.585.353.476', 'D06.472.040.585.478.392'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A06.300.747.500', 'A06.688.357.750.500', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.500.500', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.500.500', 'A08.713.357.750.500'], ['F02.830.855', 'G11.561.803']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Metabolomics reveals the mechanism of (-)-hydroxycitric acid promotion of protein synthesis and inhibition of fatty acid synthesis in broiler chickens.
|
(-)-Hydroxycitric acid (HCA), a major component of Garcinia cambogia extracts, has been shown to suppress BW gain and fat accumulation in animals and humans. However, the mechanism remains unknown. In this study, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyse serum metabolites, and principal component analysis and partial least-squares-discriminant analysis models were generated to analyse serum metabolite changes in broiler chickens after the administration of (-)-HCA at 0, 1000, 2000 and 3000 mg/kg diets for 28 days. Metabolites showing significant changes were screened by 'variable importance in the projection' plots. The results showed that 20 metabolites in the 1000 mg/kg (-)-HCA treatment group and 16 metabolites in 3000 mg/kg (-)-HCA treatment group were significantly altered. Metabolites pathway enrichment analysis indicated that these metabolites were mainly associated with metabolism of amino acids, protein synthesis, citric acid cycle, and uric acid and fatty acid synthesis. The data indicated that (-)-HCA promoted protein synthesis by regulating the metabolic directions of amino acids. At the same time, (-)-HCA treatment inhibited fatty acid synthesis by promoting the citric acid cycle, resulting in reduced cytosolic acetyl-CoA content in broiler chickens. The present study identified global changes in metabolites and analysed the main canonical metabolic pathways in broiler chickens supplemented with (-)-HCA. These results will deepen our understanding of the mechanism of (-)-HCA's effects in animals.
|
['Adipogenesis', 'Animal Feed', 'Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena', 'Animals', 'Chickens', 'Citrates', 'Diet', 'Dietary Supplements', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Fatty Acids', 'Garcinia cambogia', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Humans', 'Metabolomics', 'Plant Extracts', 'Protein Biosynthesis']
| 28,877,777
|
[['G04.152.149'], ['G07.203.300.300.100', 'J02.500.300.100'], ['G07.203.650.161'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['D02.241.081.901.434'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['G07.203.300.456', 'J02.500.456'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D10.251'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.625.333.200'], ['G05.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H01.158.201.586', 'H01.158.273.180.599', 'H01.181.122.638'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Clinical features and management issues in Mowat-Wilson syndrome.
|
Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a relatively newly described multiple congenital anomaly/mental retardation syndrome. Haploinsufficiency of a gene termed ZFHX1B (also known as SIP1) on chromosome 2 is responsible for this condition, and clinical genetic testing for MWS recently became available. The majority of reports in the literature originate from Northern Europe and Australia. Here we report our clinical experience with 12 patients diagnosed with MWS within a 2-year period of time in the United States, with particular emphasis on clinical characteristics and management strategies. Individuals with this condition have characteristic facial features, including microcephaly, hypertelorism, medially flared and broad eyebrows, prominent columella, pointed chin, and uplifted earlobes, which typically prompt the clinician to consider the diagnosis. Medical issues in our cohort of patients included seizures (75%) with no predeliction for any particular seizure type; agenesis of the corpus callosum (60% of our patients studied); congenital heart defects (75%), particularly involving the pulmonary arteries and/or valves; hypospadias (55% of males); severely impaired or absent speech (100% of individuals over 1 year of age) with relatively spared receptive language; and Hirschsprung disease (50%) or chronic constipation (25%). The incidence of MWS is unknown, but based on the number of patients identified in a short period of time within the US, it is likely greatly under recognized. MWS should be considered in any individual with severely impaired or absent speech, especially in the presence of seizures and anomalies involving the pulmonary arteries (particularly pulmonary artery sling) or pulmonary valves.
|
['Abnormalities, Multiple', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Agenesis of Corpus Callosum', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Craniofacial Abnormalities', 'Female', 'Hirschsprung Disease', 'Homeodomain Proteins', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Intellectual Disability', 'Language Development Disorders', 'Male', 'Pulmonary Artery', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Seizures', 'Syndrome', 'Zinc Finger E-box Binding Homeobox 2']
| 17,103,451
|
[['C16.131.077'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C10.500.034', 'C16.131.666.034', 'C23.300.008'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C05.660.207', 'C16.131.621.207'], ['C06.198.439', 'C06.405.469.158.701.439', 'C16.131.314.439'], ['D12.776.260.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C10.597.606.360', 'C23.888.592.604.646', 'F01.700.687', 'F03.625.539'], ['C10.597.606.150.500.550', 'C23.888.592.604.150.500.550'], ['A07.015.114.715'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['C10.597.742', 'C23.888.592.742'], ['C23.550.288.500'], ['D12.776.260.400.883', 'D12.776.260.703.700', 'D12.776.930.780.918']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Methadone in man: pharmacokinetic and excretion studies in acute and chronic treatment.
|
The biologic disposition of methadone in acute and during chronic administration was studied in 12 human volunteers. In the acute study a biexponential methadone plasma level decay was observed. The acute primary half-life (t1/2) of 14.3 hr in combination with the acute secondary t1/2 of 54.8 hr were longer than the single exponential chronic t1/2 of 22.2 hr determined in the same subjects. The urinary and fecal excretion of methadone and its mono-N-demethylated metabolite increased from 22.2% in the acute to 62.0% in the chronic phase of the study. The urinary metabolite 1 to methadone ratio tripled from the acute to the chronic phase. The pupillary effects of methadone monitored throughout 24 hr were nearly the same in magnitude in the acute and the chronic studies, whereas the plasma levels increased 3- to 8-fold following chronic methadone administration. These findings suggest that both dispositional and pharmacologic tolerance are involved in the development of tolerance following chronic administration of methadone.
|
['Adult', 'Feces', 'Half-Life', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Methadone', 'Pupil', 'Time Factors']
| 1,149,368
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A12.459'], ['G01.910.405'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D02.522.675'], ['A09.371.060.450.780', 'A09.371.894.513.780'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Transdermal evaporation delivery system of praziquantel for schistosomiasis japonicum chemotherapy.
|
A transdermal evaporation delivery system (TEDS) of praziquantel (PZQ) was developed by selecting ethylene glycol monophenyl ether as a nonvolatile component solvent and ethanol as a volatile component solvent to control efficiently the transmission and morbidity of the global schistosomiasis, providing a convenient administration system of PZQ for both humans and domestic animals. The solubility of PZQ in TEDS was more than 400 mg/mL when the ethanol concentration was 50% (w/w) in the solvent mixture at 32 °C, enabling to adapt requirements for the treatment of schistosomiasis. The highest serum drug concentration reached 35.93 µg/mL after transdermal administration of TEDS of PZQ in rabbits, being 6.3-fold higher than that after oral administration at the same dose. The TEDS of PZQ achieved treatment efficacy with the worm reduction of 100% when it was applied in the experimental treatment of Schistosoma japonicum in rabbits. The TEDS of PZQ that provides passive and nonocclusive delivery, having the inexpensive cost, low skin irritation rates, and precise dose of administration, should find application in the transmission control and chemotherapy of global schistosomiasis.
|
['Administration, Cutaneous', 'Administration, Oral', 'Animals', 'Anthelmintics', 'Biological Availability', 'Chemistry, Pharmaceutical', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Drug Compounding', 'Drug Delivery Systems', 'Ethanol', 'Ethylene Glycols', 'Permeability', 'Praziquantel', 'Rabbits', 'Schistosomiasis japonica', 'Skin', 'Skin Absorption', 'Solubility', 'Solvents', 'Technology, Pharmaceutical', 'Temperature', 'Volatilization']
| 21,319,162
|
[['E02.319.267.120.060'], ['E02.319.267.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.250.075'], ['G03.787.151', 'G07.690.725.129'], ['H01.158.703.007', 'H01.181.466'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['E05.916.270'], ['E02.319.300'], ['D02.033.375'], ['D02.033.455.250'], ['G02.723'], ['D03.633.100.531.690'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['C01.610.335.865.859.521', 'C01.920.922.521'], ['A17.815'], ['G03.015.500.750', 'G03.787.024.500.750', 'G07.690.725.015.500.750', 'G13.750.778'], ['G02.805'], ['D27.720.844'], ['E05.916', 'J01.897.836'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['G01.645.750', 'G02.734.933']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
In vitro response of lymphocytes from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and peripheral blood to mitogen stimulation during natural maedi-visna virus infection.
|
To investigate the effects of maedi-visna virus (MVV) infection on cell-mediated immunity, the in vitro response of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and peripheral blood (BP) lymphocytes (PBL) to exogenous mitogen was analysed. BALF and PBL from control (n = 9) and MVV-infected (n = 7) animals were cultured fro 3 days in the presence and absence of concanavalin A (Con A). Lymphocyte expression of the interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) antigen, a parameter of lymphocyte activation, was quantified by dual-colour flow cytometry using the bovine anti-IL-2R monoclonal antibody IL-A111. IL-2R expression by lymphocytes in BALF and PB from control and MVV-infected animals, with and without Con A stimulation, were compared. In the absence of Con A stimulation, the proportion of cultured BALF CD8+ and gamma delta T cells expressing IL-2R was significantly (P < 0.05) lower for MVV-infected animals than for controls. After Con A stimulation the proportion of BALF CD4+ lymphocytes from MVV-infected animals that expressed IL-2R remained significantly (P < 0.05) lower than for controls. Comparisons within group showed that, after Con A stimulation, the proportion of all the T cell subsets in the control group expressing IL-2R, namely CD4+ (P < 0.001), CD8+ (P < 0.001) and gamma delta T cells (P < 0.05), was significantly increased. In the MVV-infected group, this increase was significant (P < 0.05) for CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, but not for gamma delta T cells. In vitro mitogen stimulation of PB T lymphocytes from both control and MVV-infected animals induced a significant elevation in the proportion of all T cell subsets expressing IL-2R when compared to cultured unstimulated control cells. However, there was considerable heterogeneity in the response to Con A of PB T cells from both groups of animals. The expression of IL-2R followed a different pattern to that of BALF lymphocytes, the proportion of unstimulated gamma delta / IL-2R+ T cells from MVV-infected animals being significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of controls, and the proportion of cultured unstimulated CD8+ / IL-2R+ T cells from MVV-infected animals being significantly (P < 0.05) lower than that from controls. From these studies it can be concluded that the BALF T lymphocyte immune dysfunction observed during natural MVV infection, characterized by impaired IL-2R expression, is maintained under in vitro conditions.
|
['Animals', 'Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid', 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Cattle', 'Concanavalin A', 'Female', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Lymphocytes', 'Macrophages, Alveolar', 'Pneumonia, Progressive Interstitial, of Sheep', 'Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta', 'Receptors, Interleukin-2', 'Sheep', 'T-Lymphocyte Subsets']
| 8,588,346
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.927.100.500'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D12.776.503.499.500', 'D12.776.765.678.500'], ['E05.481'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['A11.329.372.600', 'A11.627.482.600', 'A11.733.397.600', 'A15.382.670.522.600', 'A15.382.680.397.600'], ['C01.925.782.815.616.660', 'C01.925.839.660', 'C22.836.660'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.816.824.830'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.420.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Simulation of paretic gait in normal subjects by loading the ankles.
|
Normal subjects were loaded with increasing weights (2-6 kg) applied around the ankles. During these conditions stride length increased in relation to velocity. The percentage duration of single support in relation to stride duration increased. Provided the same load was applied around both ankles increase was symmetrical. Consequently there was also an increase of swing as well as a decrease of stance and of double support. The results contrast in all respects to what was found in previous experiments when the load was carried in the hand. During these conditions stride length decreased as well as the duration of single support. The two experimental conditions differed in that with ankle loading the swing phase was loaded while in the other case stance was loaded. The two types of experiment may help to explain why some patients with paretic legs walk with short strides, while others walk with strides that are normal or slightly prolonged.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Ankle', 'Female', 'Gait', 'Humans', 'Leg', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscles']
| 4,059,887
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A01.378.610.050'], ['E01.370.600.250', 'G11.427.410.568.900.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.378.610.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Development of functional synergies for speech motor coordination in childhood and adolescence.
|
Adults produce rapid, interleaved sequences of speech sounds by controlling the relative motions in time and space of the oral articulators. The control and coordination of these effectors appear to be automatic, effortless, and usually error free. If speech production is viewed within the framework of classical motor control theories, we can infer that adults have organized functional synergies (consistent patterns of activation of muscle collectives) that act as stable subunits. In this study, the development of these stable functional synergies is examined. Motion of the upper lip, lower lip, and jaw was recorded during sentence production in 180 children and adults (aged 4-22 years). Two indices of oral motor coordination were computed, which reflect the degree of trial-to-trial consistency in intereffector relationships and thus the stability of the underlying functional synergies. Major findings are: (a) The time course of development for speech motor coordination is protracted, (b) speech motor control processes are not adultlike until after age 14 years for both females and males, (c) boys (until age 5 years) show a slower maturational course of speech motor development, and (d) late childhood (the 7- to 12-year period) is characterized by a plateau in the development of these coordinative synergies for speech production. We posit that multiple factors are likely to contribute to the protracted development of oral motor coordination for speech, including maturation of components of the motor system itself and maturation of the brain subsystems for language processing.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Automatism', 'Child', 'Child Development', 'Child Language', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Cues', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Motor Skills', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Speech']
| 15,229,873
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F02.463.425.179.149'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F01.525.200', 'G07.345.374.750'], ['F01.525.200.310.250'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F02.463.425.234'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.808.260'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['F01.145.209.908.677', 'G11.561.812', 'L01.559.423.676']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Proteomic identification of actin-derived oligopeptides in dry-cured ham.
|
An intense proteolysis of muscle proteins, mainly due to the action of endogenous proteolytic enzymes, has been reported to occur during the processing of dry-cured ham. This gives rise to an important generation of free amino acids and peptides of small size that contribute directly or indirectly to flavor characteristics of the final product. The nature and properties of the free amino acids generated during postmortem proteolysis have been well established. However, little is known about the identity of peptides generated during the processing of dry-cured ham. In the present paper, we describe the isolation (by ethanol precipitation followed by size exclusion and reverse phase chromatographies) and identification (by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight MS and collision-induced dissociation MS/MS) in a Spanish dry-cured ham of the following four oligopeptides: (A) TKQEYDEAGPSIVHR, (B) ITKQEYDEAGPSIVHRK, (C) DSGDGVTHNVPIYE, and (D) DSGDGVTHNVPIYEG. This is the first time that these peptide fragments have been reported in dry-cured ham at the end of processing. Sequence homology analysis revealed that the four peptides originated from muscle actin, indicating an extensive hydrolysis of this protein during dry-curing. Some of the cleavage sites corresponding to these fragments in actin were reproduced by other authors through the incubation of this myofibrillar protein in the presence of cathepsin D (EC 3.4.23.5), thus supporting a relevant action of this enzyme during the processing of dry-cured ham.
|
['Actins', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Meat', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Oligopeptides', 'Proteomics', 'Swine']
| 17,371,039
|
[['D05.750.078.730.250', 'D12.776.210.500.100', 'D12.776.220.525.255'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G07.203.300.600', 'J02.500.600'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.644.456'], ['H01.158.201.843', 'H01.158.273.180.350.700', 'H01.158.273.343.350.700', 'H01.181.122.738'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hypoxia-driven proliferation of embryonic neural stem/progenitor cells--role of hypoxia-inducible transcription factor-1alpha.
|
We recently reported that intermittent hypoxia facilitated the proliferation of neural stem/progenitor cells (NPCs) in the subventricule zone and hippocampus in vivo. Here, we demonstrate that hypoxia promoted the proliferation of NPCs in vitro and that hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha, which is one of the key molecules in the response to hypoxia, was critical in this process. NPCs were isolated from the rat embryonic mesencephalon (E13.5), and exposed to different oxygen concentrations (20% O(2), 10% O(2), and 3% O(2)) for 3 days. The results showed that hypoxia, especially 10% O(2), promoted the proliferation of NPCs as assayed by bromodeoxyuridine incorporation, neurosphere formation, and proliferation index. The level of HIF-1alpha mRNA and protein expression detected by RT-PCR and western blot significantly increased in NPCs subjected to 10% O(2). To further elucidate the potential role of HIF-1alpha in the proliferation of NPCs induced by hypoxia, an adenovirus construct was used to overexpress HIF-1alpha, and the pSilencer 1.0-U6 plasmid as RNA interference vector targeting HIF-1alpha mRNA was used to knock down HIF-1alpha. We found that overexpression of HIF-1alpha caused the same proliferative effect on NPCs under 20% O(2) as under 10% O(2). In contrast, knockdown of HIF-1alpha inhibited NPC proliferation induced by 10% O(2). These results demonstrated that moderate hypoxia was more beneficial to NPC proliferation and that HIF-1alpha was critical in this process.
|
['Animals', 'Bromodeoxycytidine', 'Cell Hypoxia', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Embryonic Stem Cells', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit', 'Neurons', 'RNA Interference', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar']
| 18,341,590
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.383.742.680.245.500.250', 'D13.570.230.329.100', 'D13.570.685.245.500.250'], ['G03.197.300', 'G04.270.300'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.872.700.250'], ['G05.308'], ['D12.776.260.103.625.750', 'D12.776.930.125.625.750'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Interaction with the game and motivation among players of massively multiplayer online role-playing games.
|
Knowledge about users interacting with Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPG) is fundamental in order to prevent their potential negative effects on behavior. For this reason, the present study analyzed the relationship between styles of play and motivations. An online questionnaire asking for socio-demographic details, playing style, characteristics of the game played and motivations for playing, was answered by 430 Spanish-speaking MMORPG players (45.1% males). The identified profile for players, far away from the stereotype of an adolescent, consisted in a person who mainly plays on PvP (Player versus Player) servers, choosing the type of game according to his experience. Regarding motivations, they were interested in relating with other players through the game (Socialization), in discovering the game's possibilities and development of its adventures (Exploration), to a lesser extent in leadership and prestige (Achievement) and, lastly, identification with an avatar and escape from reality (Dissociation). Although part of the reason for playing was escapism and/or stress relief, the main motivation had a social nature. We conclude that MMORPG offer an attractive environment for a broad spectrum of people, and we have not been able to confirm the stereotype of a loner avoiding reality, taking refuge in games.
|
['Achievement', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Behavior, Addictive', 'Dissociative Disorders', 'Exploratory Behavior', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Internet', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Male', 'Motivation', 'Recreation', 'Role Playing', 'Social Behavior', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Video Games', 'Young Adult']
| 23,866,239
|
[['F01.658.059', 'F02.784.629.054'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.527.100.120'], ['F03.300'], ['F01.145.387', 'F01.658.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['F01.829.401'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['I03.450.642'], ['E02.190.525.781.653', 'F04.754.864.581.679.653'], ['F01.145.813'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['I03.450.642.693.930', 'L01.224.900.930'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
"Vague and artificial": the historically elusive distinction between pure and applied science.
|
This essay argues for the historicity of applied science as a contested category within laissez-faire Victorian British science. This distinctively pre-twentieth-century notion of applied science as a self-sustaining, autonomous enterprise was thrown into relief from the 1880s by a campaign on the part of T. H. Huxley and his followers to promote instead the primacy of "pure" science. Their attempt to relegate applied science to secondary status involved radically reconfiguring it as the mere application of pre-existing pure science. This new notion of extrinsically funded pure science that would produce only contingently future social benefits as a mere by-product came under pressure during World War I, when military priorities focused attention once again on science for immediate utility. This threatened the Cambridge-based promoters of self-referential pure science who collectively published Science and the Nation in 1917. Yet most contributors to this work discussed forms of "applied" science that had no prior "pure" form. Even the U.K.'s leading government scientist, Lord Moulton, dismissed the book's provocative distinction between pure and applied science as unhelpfully "vague and artificial."
|
['History, 19th Century', 'History, 20th Century', 'Science', 'Technology', 'Terminology as Topic', 'United Kingdom', 'World War I']
| 23,286,193
|
[['K01.400.504.937'], ['K01.400.504.968'], ['H01.770'], ['J01.897'], ['L01.559.598.400'], ['Z01.542.363'], ['I01.880.735.950.250.968', 'K01.400.504.968.900']]
|
['Humanities [K]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Stereotypical alterations in cortical patterning are associated with maternal illness-induced placental dysfunction.
|
We have previously shown in mice that cytokine-mediated damage to the placenta can temporarily limit the flow of nutrients and oxygen to the fetus. The placental vulnerability is pronounced before embryonic day 11, when even mild immune challenge results in fetal loss. As gestation progresses, the placenta becomes increasingly resilient to maternal inflammation, but there is a narrow window in gestation when the placenta is still vulnerable to immune challenge yet resistant enough to allow for fetal survival. This gestational window correlates with early cortical neurogenesis in the fetal brain. Here, we show that maternal illness during this period selectively alters the abundance and laminar positioning of neuronal subtypes influenced by the Tbr1, Satb2, and Ctip2/Fezf2 patterning axis. The disturbances also lead to a laminar imbalance in the proportions of projection neurons and interneurons in the adult and are sufficient to cause changes in social behavior and cognition. These data illustrate how the timing of an illness-related placental vulnerability causes developmental alterations in neuroanatomical systems and behaviors that are relevant to autism spectrum disorders.
|
['Animals', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Cognition', 'Cognition Disorders', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Female', 'Interneurons', 'Matrix Attachment Region Binding Proteins', 'Mental Disorders', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Neurogenesis', 'Placenta', 'Placenta Diseases', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications, Infectious', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Social Behavior', 'T-Box Domain Proteins', 'Tumor Suppressor Proteins']
| 24,155,294
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['F02.463.188'], ['F03.615.250'], ['D12.776.260'], ['A08.675.358', 'A11.671.358'], ['D12.776.260.532'], ['F03'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['G04.152.912', 'G07.345.500.325.377.687', 'G08.686.784.170.450.500', 'G11.561.620'], ['A16.710'], ['C13.703.590'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C01.674', 'C13.703.700'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['F01.145.813'], ['D12.776.260.725', 'D12.776.930.850'], ['D12.776.624.776']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of enfonidipine hydrochloride in dogs with experimental supraventricular tachyarrhythmia.
|
It is required not to increase the ventricular rate and to preserve the ventricular systolic function in treating supraventricular tachyarrhythmia (SVTA). The objective of this study is to investigate whether or not Efonidipine hydrochloride (EH), a T and L dual type Ca(2+) channel blocker, suppresses the increasing ventricular rate without reducing the ventricular systolic function using canine SVTA models by rapid atrial pacing (RAP) method. Clinically healthy fourteen beagles were used. The 14 dogs were randomly assigned to the EH-administered group (EH group, n=7) and non-EH-administered group (control group, n=7). The EH group was orally-administered EH at 5 mg/kg SID during RAP. On the other hand, the control group was applied RAP without oral administration of EH. Duration of RAP was for 3 weeks for both groups. The ventricular rate for the EH group was significantly lower than that for the control group. The left ventricular- fractional shortening for the control group declined significantly compared to baseline. Those for the EH group did not show any changes over time and were significantly higher than the control group. The ratio between pre-ejection period and ejection for the EH group were significantly lower than those of the control group. In conclusion, the study demonstrated that EH suppresses the increasing ventricular rate without reducing the ventricular systolic function in canine SVTA model. Therefore, EH is expected to become a new treatment for canine SVTA.
|
['Animals', 'Antihypertensive Agents', 'Calcium Channel Blockers', 'Dihydropyridines', 'Dog Diseases', 'Dogs', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Nitrophenols', 'Organophosphorus Compounds', 'Systole', 'Tachycardia', 'Tachycardia, Supraventricular', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 20,179,390
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.411.162'], ['D27.505.519.562.249', 'D27.505.696.260.500', 'D27.505.954.411.192'], ['D03.383.725.203'], ['C22.268'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.566', 'D02.640.743'], ['D02.705'], ['G09.330.580.880', 'G11.427.494.570.880'], ['C14.280.067.845', 'C14.280.123.875', 'C23.550.073.845'], ['C14.280.067.845.880', 'C14.280.123.875.880', 'C23.550.073.845.880'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Green synthesis of nanocomposites consisting of silver and protease alpha chymotrypsin.
|
The synergy of ultrasonication and the exposure to light radiation was found to be necessary in the formation of nanocomposites of silver and a protease alpha chymotrypsin. The reaction was carried out in aqueous medium and the process took just less than 35 min. Ultrasonication alone formed very negligible number of nanoparticles of <100 nm size whereas light alone produced enough number but the size of the particles was >100 nm. The effects of pH (in the range of 3-5, 9-10), ultrasonication time periods (0-30 min), ultrasonication intensity (33-83 W cm(-2)), energy of light radiation (short UV, long UV and Fluorescent light) and time period of exposure (5-60 min) to different light radiations were studied. The formation of nanocomposites under these effects was followed by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectra, dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Ag-chymotrypsin nanocomposites of sizes ranging from 13 to 72 nm were formed using the synergy of ultrasonication and exposure to short UV radiation. Results show that ultrasonication promoted nuclei formation, growth and reduction of polydispersity by Ostwald ripening.
|
['Acoustics', 'Chymotrypsin', 'Fluorescence', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Light', 'Microscopy, Electron, Transmission', 'Nanocomposites', 'Scattering, Radiation', 'Silver', 'Surface Plasmon Resonance', 'Time Factors', 'Ultraviolet Rays']
| 23,411,166
|
[['H01.671.031'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.176', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.176'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665.500', 'G01.590.540.665.500'], ['G02.300'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.580', 'E05.595.402.580'], ['J01.637.512.150'], ['E05.196.822', 'G01.867'], ['D01.268.556.812', 'D01.268.956.843', 'D01.552.544.812'], ['E05.196.890', 'E05.601.043.700'], ['G01.910.857'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Influence of acute tryptophan depletion on gastric sensorimotor function in humans.
|
Peripheral serotonin (5-hydrodytryptamine; 5-HT) is involved in the regulation of gastrointestinal motility and sensation, whereas centrally it plays a role in mood regulation. A dysfunctional serotonergic system may provide a plausible link between functional dyspepsia symptoms and its high psychosocial comorbidity such as anxiety and depression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of decreased 5-HT synthesis by acute tryptophan depletion (ATD) on gastric sensorimotor function and nutrient tolerance, anxiety scores, and gastrointestinal mucosal 5-HT concentrations in healthy volunteers. All subjects were studied under a control condition and during ATD. Gastric sensorimotor function and nutrient tolerance were assessed using a barostat (n = 16, mean age 28.8 ± 1.4 yr) and a satiety drinking test (n = 13, mean age 27.3 ± 1.4 yr). Anxiety during the barostat was evaluated using State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) questionnaire. 5-HT concentrations were measured in fundic and duodenal mucosal biopsies by means of ELISA and immunohistochemistry. ATD significantly decreased plasma tryptophan levels compared with control in every experiment. ATD did not affect gastric sensitivity and compliance but decreased the sensation of nausea during balloon distension (AUC: 17.4 ± 4.3 vs. 11.4 ± 3.4 mm·mmHg, P = 0.030). ATD enhanced the postprandial volume increase (ANOVA, P < 0.05), but this was not accompanied by augmented nutrient tolerance (848 ± 110 vs. 837 ± 99 ml, nonsignificant). ATD had no effect on STAI state anxiety scores. No evidence was found for an effect on the number of enterochromaffin cells, but ATD reduced 5-HT levels in the duodenal mucosa. ATD alters gastric postprandial motor function and distension-induced nausea. These findings confirm involvement of 5-HT in the control of gastric accommodation and sensitivity.
|
['Adult', 'Anxiety', 'Compliance', 'Depression', 'Diagnostic Techniques, Digestive System', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Dyspepsia', 'Eating', 'Female', 'Gastric Mucosa', 'Gastrointestinal Motility', 'Gastrointestinal Tract', 'Humans', 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'Male', 'Sensation', 'Serotonin', 'Stomach', 'Time Factors', 'Tryptophan']
| 20,884,888
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.132'], ['G01.374.590.210'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['E01.370.372'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['C23.888.821.236'], ['G07.203.650.283', 'G10.261.330'], ['A03.556.875.875.440', 'A10.615.550.291'], ['G10.261.360'], ['A03.556'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.556.124.369', 'A10.615.550.444'], ['F02.830.816', 'G11.561.790'], ['D02.092.211.215.801.852', 'D03.633.100.473.914.814', 'D23.469.050.650'], ['A03.556.875.875'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D12.125.072.050.850', 'D12.125.142.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Implant dentistry at the focus of liability lawsuits.
|
PURPOSE: In recent years, the growing readiness on the part of dental patients to take legal action has resulted in an increasing number of medical liability lawsuits. The aim of this retrospective analysis was to highlight aspects of these lawsuits of special significance, to subject them to both qualitative and quantitative analysis, and to show how conflicts can be avoided.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty relevant court decisions from the year 1984 onwards were found in online databases and through direct inquiries at the courts. These were supplemented by 21 reports prepared by experts at the University of Muenster, Department of Dental Medicine, commissioned by courts in connection with ongoing lawsuits. Analysis was initially based on formal aspects of the cases and reports. It was later supplemented by differentiated assignment of the questions addressed by the courts to the expert consultants. The principles underlying the judgments as to the liability arising from the terms of the contract were also assigned to the expert consultants in a differentiated manner.RESULTS: The results revealed marked differences in the frequency of liability-prone aspects of treatment. While the majority of judgments referred to the obligation to take due care during the preparatory and treatment phases, infringement of the obligations to provide information and to keep records played more than a minor role. Moreover, 90% of all cases represented combined charges covering various aspects, including those related to consequential failings.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The detailed qualitative analysis of the grounds quoted and of the lines of reasoning can therefore be summed up in clearly defined recommendations aimed at helping the clinician avoid conflicts by observing the judicial requirements.
|
['Compensation and Redress', 'Dental Implantation, Endosseous', 'Dental Records', 'Expert Testimony', 'Germany', 'Humans', 'Informed Consent', 'Liability, Legal', 'Malpractice', 'Oral Surgical Procedures', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Management']
| 15,214,222
|
[['I01.880.604.583.050', 'N03.219.075', 'N03.706.535.125'], ['E04.545.550.280.280', 'E04.650.230.500', 'E06.645.550.280.280', 'E06.780.314.310'], ['E05.318.308.940.375', 'L01.399.250.900.375', 'N04.452.859.341', 'N05.715.360.300.715.330', 'N06.850.520.308.940.375'], ['I01.880.604.583.232', 'N03.706.535.253'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.880.604.473.650.718', 'I01.880.604.583.427', 'N03.706.437.650.312', 'N03.706.535.489'], ['I01.880.604.583.490', 'N03.706.535.547'], ['I01.880.604.583.524', 'N03.706.535.606'], ['E04.545', 'E06.645'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['N03.219.463.800', 'N04.452.871']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Characterization of the prostate-specific antigen gene: a novel human kallikrein-like gene.
|
Using Prostate-specific Antigen cDNA fragments as hybridization probes a clone containing the information for the gene encoding Prostate-specific Antigen was isolated form a human genomic DNA library. The complete gene (about 6 kb) was sequenced and shown to be composed of four introns and five exons. Two major transcription initiation sites were found. The sequence of the promoter region revealed the presence of various well known transcription regulatory elements including a TATA box. A high percentage of homology was found between the Prostate-specific Antigen gene and the hGK-1 gene (82%). This homology extended into the promoter region. Two previously described variant Prostate-specific Antigen cDNAs can now be explained by intron retention and alternative splicing of the primary transcript.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Antigens, Neoplasm', 'Base Sequence', 'DNA Probes', 'Exons', 'Humans', 'Introns', 'Kallikreins', 'Male', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'Prostate', 'Prostate-Specific Antigen', 'Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid', 'Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 2,466,464
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D23.050.285'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D13.444.600.223', 'D27.505.259.750.600.223', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.360.340.024.220.400', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.515'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.442', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.442', 'D12.776.124.125.597', 'D23.119.597'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611'], ['A05.360.444.575', 'A10.336.707'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.442.750', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.442.750', 'D12.776.866.249.500', 'D23.050.285.625', 'D23.101.140.625'], ['G02.111.570.080.689', 'G05.360.080.689'], ['G02.111.570.080.708', 'G05.360.080.708'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Menarchal timing in type 1 diabetes through the last 4 decades.
|
OBJECTIVE: We sought to examine whether age at menarche has changed over the past 4 decades by comparing age at menarche by year of diagnosis with type 1 diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This work consisted of a cross-sectional study of age at menarche in two cohorts: adolescents (ages 11-24 years, n = 228) and adults (ages 19-55 years, n = 290, enrolled in the Coronary Artery Calcification in Type 1 Diabetes study).RESULTS: The adolescent cohort reported a younger age of menarche than the adult women with type 1 diabetes (12.69 ± 0.08 vs. 13.22 ± 0.12 years, mean ± SE, P < 0.001). Age at menarche was later in both adolescent girls and adult women with type 1 diabetes diagnosed before menarche (12.82 ± 1.16 and 13.7 ± 2.23 years) than for individuals diagnosed after menarche (12.12 ± 1.25 and 12.65 ± 1.38 years, P < 0.001 for both). Age at menarche was then examined by decade of type 1 diabetes diagnosis (1970-1979, 1980-1989, 1990-1999, and 2000-2009). Age at menarche significantly declined over the 4 decades (P = 0.0002). However, the delay in menarche among girls diagnosed with type 1 diabetes before menarche compared with those diagnosed after menarche was also significant across all decades (P < 0.0001) and did not change significantly over time (P = 0.41 for interaction of cohort and diagnosis premenarche).CONCLUSIONS: Age at menarche has declined over the past 4 decades among girls with type 1 diabetes, but a delay in age at menarche remains among individuals diagnosed before menarche compared with individuals diagnosed after menarche.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Menarche', 'Middle Aged', 'Young Adult']
| 20,843,975
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.760.410', 'G08.686.841.374.410'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Ozone uptake, water loss and carbon exchange dynamics in annually drought-stressed Pinus ponderosa forests: measured trends and parameters for uptake modeling.
|
This paper describes 3 years of physiological measurements on ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) growing along an ozone concentration gradient in the Sierra Nevada, California, including variables necessary to parameterize, validate and modify photosynthesis and stomatal conductance algorithms used to estimate ozone uptake. At all sites, gas exchange was under tight stomatal control during the growing season. Stomatal conductance was strongly correlated with leaf water potential (R2=0.82), which decreased over the growing season with decreasing soil water content (R2=0.60). Ozone uptake, carbon uptake, and transpirational water loss closely followed the dynamics of stomatal conductance. Peak ozone and CO2 uptake occurred in early summer and declined progressively thereafter. As a result, periods of maximum ozone uptake did not correspond to periods of peak ozone concentration, underscoring the inappropriateness of using current metrics based on concentration (e.g., SUM0, W126 and AOT40) for assessing ozone exposure risk to plants in this climate region. Both Jmax (maximum CO2-saturated photosynthetic rate, limited by electron transport) and Vcmax (maximum rate of Rubisco-limited carboxylation) increased toward the middle of the growing season, then decreased in September. Intrinsic water-use efficiency rose with increasing drought stress, as expected. The ratio of Jmax to Vcmax was similar to literature values of 2.0. Nighttime respiration followed a Q10 of 2.0, but was significantly higher at the high-ozone site. Respiration rates decreased by the end of the summer as a result of decreased metabolic activity and carbon stores.
|
['California', 'Carbon', 'Cell Respiration', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Dehydration', 'Models, Biological', 'Ozone', 'Photosynthesis', 'Pinus ponderosa', 'Plant Transpiration', 'Seasons', 'Soil', 'Trees', 'Weather']
| 14,704,137
|
[['Z01.107.567.875.580.200', 'Z01.107.567.875.760.200'], ['D01.268.150'], ['G03.197', 'G04.270'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['C18.452.950.179', 'C23.550.274'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D01.362.670.600'], ['G02.111.158.937', 'G02.111.669.700', 'G02.740.921', 'G03.191.937', 'G03.493.700', 'G03.800.700', 'G15.568'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.625.875.777.600'], ['G15.713'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['B01.650.915'], ['G16.500.275.063.725', 'G16.500.750.775', 'N06.230.300.100.725']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Beta-lactam biosynthesis in a gram-negative eubacterium: purification and characterization of isopenicillin N synthase from Flavobacterium sp. strain SC 12.154.
|
The occurrence, localization, and extraction of isopenicillin N-synthase (IPNS) were investigated in the gram-negative low-level beta-lactam producer Flavobacterium sp. strain SC 12.154, which forms deacetoxycephalosporin and excretes the cephabacin 7-formamidocephalosporin. IPNS was detected with anti-IPNS antibodies raised against the Cephalosporium acremonium enzyme. The flavobacterium enzyme, whose molecular mass (38 kilodaltons) and cofactor requirements resemble those of the fungal and Streptomyces enzymes, is formed at the transition from growth to the stationary phase. It was extracted into the polyethylene glycol phase of a polyethylene glycol-Ficoll-dextran three-phase system and was purified by quaternary aminoethyl ion-exchange chromatography, gel filtration, covalent chromatography on cystamine-Sepharose, and fast-protein liquid chromatography on Mono Q. The enzyme was characterized with respect to sulfhydryl requirement, inhibition by disulfides and metal ions, pH and temperature dependence, and stimulation by polyethylene glycol and low Triton X-100 concentrations, as well as by several amino acids, including alpha-aminoadipic acid and cysteine. The Km for alpha-aminoadipyl-cysteinyl-D-valine was 0.08 mM. An inactive membrane-associated form of IPNS was detected together with a beta-lactamase active on isopenicillin N. The system has been suggested as a model for the study of endogenous functions of beta-lactams in bacteria.
|
['Blotting, Western', 'Cephalosporins', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Disulfides', 'Enzymes', 'Fermentation', 'Flavobacterium', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Kinetics', 'Molecular Weight', 'Oxidoreductases', 'Sulfhydryl Compounds', 'Temperature', 'Time Factors', 'beta-Lactamases']
| 2,793,834
|
[['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['D02.065.589.099.249', 'D02.886.665.074', 'D03.633.100.300.249'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D01.248.497.158.874.390', 'D01.875.350.850.150', 'D02.886.520.150'], ['D08.811'], ['G02.111.158.249', 'G03.191.249'], ['B03.440.080.190.250', 'B03.440.400.425.310.250'], ['G02.300'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['G02.494'], ['D08.811.682'], ['D02.886.489'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D08.811.277.087.180']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Surgical approaches to the calcaneus and the sural nerve: There is no safe zone.
|
BACKGROUND: Sural nerve related symptoms following the extensile lateral approach to the calcaneus (ELA) and the sinus tarsi approach (STA) are a known postoperative complication despite awareness of the course the sural nerve. While the main trunk of the sural nerve and its location relative to the approaches have been previously described, the nerve gives rise to lateral calcaneal branches (LCBs) and an anastomotic branch (AB) that may be at risk of injury. The purpose of this study was to describe the course of the sural nerve, its LCBs and the AB in relation to the ELA and STA.METHODS: 17 cadaveric foot specimens were dissected, exposing the sural nerve, the LCBs and the AB. A line representing the ELA and STA incision was then created. It was noted if the line crossed the sural nerve trunk, any of the LCBs, and the AB, and at what distance they were crossed using the distal tip of the fibula as a reference.RESULTS: The sural nerve was identified in all specimens, and the main trunk was noted to cross the path of the ELA in no specimens and the path of the STA in 2 (12%) specimens. At least one LCB of the sural nerve was identified in all specimens. The ELA crossed the path of at least one LCB in 15 specimens (88%). An AB was present in 9 specimens (53%). If an AB was present, this was crossed by the STA in every instance.CONCLUSIONS: The ELA and the STA traverses the path of either the main trunk of the sural nerve, the LCBs, or the AB in the majority of specimens, potentially accounting for the presence of sural nerve postoperative symptoms regardless of the approach used.
|
['Cadaver', 'Calcaneus', 'Female', 'Foot', 'Fracture Fixation, Internal', 'Heel', 'Humans', 'Intra-Articular Fractures', 'Male', 'Peripheral Nerve Injuries', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Sural Nerve']
| 29,409,272
|
[['C23.550.260.224'], ['A02.835.232.043.300.710.300'], ['A01.378.610.250'], ['E04.555.300.300'], ['A01.378.610.250.510'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C26.404.505'], ['C10.668.829.712', 'C10.900.575', 'C26.915.650'], ['C23.550.767'], ['A08.800.800.720.450.760.820.820']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
During exercise in the cold increased availability of plasma nonesterified fatty acids does not affect the pattern of substrate oxidation.
|
Exercise in the cold was investigated to establish if the relative contribution of fat to energy expenditure is affected by the increased availability of circulating nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA). Seven men after an overnight fast cycled at approximately 70% of peak oxygen uptake for 60 minutes at an ambient temperature of 0.0 degrees C +/- 0.1 degrees C. Fifteen minutes prior to exercise and then throughout the exercise, subjects were infused with either heparin (heparin) or saline (control). Immediately before exercise NEFA concentration (control, 0.27 +/- 0.04 mmol. L(-1); heparin 1.09 +/- 0.13 mmol. l(-1)) was significantly higher (P <.05) in the heparin trial. Pre-exercise concentration of plasma triacylglycerol (TG), blood glycerol, glucose, oxygen consumption (VO(2)) and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) were not significantly different between heparin and control trials. During exercise, plasma NEFA and blood glycerol concentrations were significantly higher (P <.05) in the heparin trial, and levels of plasma TG and glucose were not different between trials. Over the exercise period rectal temperature, mean skin temperature, VO(2), RER, and heart rate (HR) were not different between the 2 trials. Gross energy expenditure of cycling (control, 3.3 +/- 0.1 MJ; heparin 3.3 +/- 0.1 MJ), the oxidation rates of fat (control, 0.67 +/- 0.05 g. min(-1); heparin, 0.71 +/- 0.06 g. min(-1)) and carbohydrate (CHO) (control, 1.68 +/- 0.04 g.min(-1); heparin, 1.62 +/- 0.17 g. min(-1)) and the proportion of energy derived from fat (control, 43 +/- 4%; heparin trial, 44 +/- 9%) and CHO (control, 57 +/- 4%; heparin trial, 56 +/- 4%) were not different between the 2 trials. These findings suggest that despite increased availability of plasma NEFA, the pattern of substrate oxidation during exercise in cold temperatures does not change. This implies that uncoupling between the availability and oxidation of plasma NEFA may be a mechanism involved in the reduced oxidation of fat seen during cold exposure. Further research is needed on the utilization of intramuscular TG and circulating plasma TG-rich lipoproteins in the cold.
|
['Adult', 'Algorithms', 'Anaerobic Threshold', 'Blood Gas Analysis', 'Blood Glucose', 'Body Temperature', 'Carbohydrate Metabolism', 'Cold Temperature', 'Exercise', 'Exercise Test', 'Fats', 'Fatty Acids, Nonesterified', 'Glycerol', 'Hematocrit', 'Hemoglobins', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Triglycerides']
| 14,767,872
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G03.680.110', 'G11.427.680.134'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.100', 'E01.370.386.700.100', 'E05.200.124.100.100'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['E01.370.600.875.374', 'G07.110'], ['G02.111.158', 'G03.191'], ['G01.906.595.272', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.300', 'G16.500.750.775.710.300', 'N06.230.300.100.725.154', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.300'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['D10.212'], ['D10.251.310'], ['D02.033.800.875.500', 'D09.853.875.500'], ['E01.370.225.625.400', 'E05.200.625.400', 'G09.188.370.374'], ['D12.776.124.400', 'D12.776.422.316.762'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D10.351.801']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Remote ischemic conditioning in septic shock (RECO-Sepsis): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
|
BACKGROUND: Septic shock is a major public health problem that is associated with up to 50% mortality. Unfavorable outcomes are mainly attributed to multiple organ failure (MOF) resulting from an uncontrolled inflammatory response and ischemia-reperfusion processes. REmote ischemic COnditioning (RECO) is a promising intervention to prevent ischemia-reperfusion injury. We hypothesize that RECO would reduce the severity of septic shock-induced MOF.METHODS/DESIGN: RECO in septic shock patients (RECO-Sepsis study) is an ongoing, prospective, multicenter, randomized, open-label trial, testing whether RECO, as an adjuvant therapy to conventional treatment in septic shock, decreases the severity of MOF as assessed by the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score. Adult patients admitted to an intensive care unit with documented or suspected infection, lactatemia > 2 mmol/l, and treated with norepinephrine for less than 12 h are potentially eligible for the study. Non-inclusion criteria are: having expressed the wish not to be resuscitated, contraindication for the use of a brachial cuff on both arms, intercurrent disease with an expected life expectancy of less than 24 h, cardiac arrest, and pregnant or breastfeeding women. After enrollment, patients are randomized (n = 180) 1:1 to receive RECO or no adjunctive intervention. RECO consists of four cycles of cuff inflation to 200 mmHg for 5 min and then deflation to 0 mmHg for another 5 min. RECO is performed at inclusion and repeated 12 and 24 h later. The primary endpoint is the mean daily SOFA score up to day 4 after inclusion. Secondary outcomes include the need for organ support, hospital length of stay, and 90-day mortality.DISCUSSION: Results of this proof-of-concept trial should provide information on the efficacy of RECO in patients with septic shock.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: identifier: NCT03201575 . Registered on 28 June 2017.
|
['Humans', 'Ischemic Preconditioning', 'Multiple Organ Failure', 'Myocardial Reperfusion Injury', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Prospective Studies', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'Research Design', 'Sample Size', 'Shock, Septic']
| 31,118,101
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.592', 'E05.516'], ['C23.550.835.525'], ['C14.280.238.615', 'C14.280.647.625', 'C14.907.585.625', 'C14.907.725.600', 'C23.550.767.877.500'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500'], ['E05.581.500', 'H01.770.644.728'], ['E05.318.370.762', 'E05.581.500.902', 'N05.715.360.325.692', 'N06.850.520.445.762'], ['C01.757.800', 'C23.550.470.790.500.800', 'C23.550.835.900.712']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Polydatin enhances the chemosensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to paclitaxel.
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Despite improvements in the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients, chemotherapy fails in a considerable number of cases due to drug resistance. The development of novel agents may enhance chemosensitivity. This study explored the anticancer function of polydatin and its ability-in combination with paclitaxel-to overcome drug resistance in human osteosarcoma U-2OS and MG-63 cell lines. A cell proliferation assay (celll counting kit-8), a cell-cycle assay, an apoptosis assay (annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide), and a cell migration assay (Transwell) were used to analyze cell activity. Western blot analysis and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction were performed to examine function-related mRNA and protein levels. Treatment with polydatin suppressed cell growth and migration in both cell lines. Moreover, polydatin induced cell apoptosis in both parental and paclitaxel-resistant cells, and cell-cycle arrest in the S phase. Furthermore, it altered the expression of various proteins associated with cell growth (Ki67, p21, cyclin A, cyclin E, and cyclin-dependent kinase 2), migration (matrix metalloproteinase-2 [MMP-2], MMP-9, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1), apoptosis (poly[ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 and caspase 3), and drug resistance (p-glycoprotein 1, lung resistance-related protein 1, growth arrest and DNA damage-45á, glutathione S-transferase ð, and heat shock protein 27) in paclitaxel-resistant osteosarcoma cells. Cells transfected with myr-Akt caused obvious upregulation and activation of Akt, which were significantly attenuated via polydatin treatment. In conclusion, polydatin may enhance the chemosensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to paclitaxel.
|
['Apoptosis', 'Caspase 3', 'Cell Cycle Checkpoints', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Drug Resistance, Neoplasm', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Glucosides', 'Humans', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Osteosarcoma', 'Paclitaxel', 'Stilbenes']
| 31,106,479
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126.350.300', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126.350.300', 'D12.644.360.075.405.350.300', 'D12.776.476.075.405.350.300'], ['G04.144.109'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G07.690.773.984.395'], ['G05.308.370'], ['D09.408.348'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.624'], ['C04.557.450.565.575.650', 'C04.557.450.795.620'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888.777', 'D02.455.849.291.850.777'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Rapid determination of renal filtration function using an optical ratiometric imaging approach.
|
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which measures the amount of plasma filtered through the kidney within a given time, is an essential and clinically important indicator of kidney function. Here, we report a new ratiometric measurement technique based on intravital fluorescence microscopy that allows rapid evaluations of renal function in rodent models. By using this technique, plasma clearance rates of a fluorescent GFR marker can be measured in less than 5 min following a bolus infusion of a fluorescent dye mixture into the bloodstream. The plasma clearance kinetics of the GFR marker showed consistent values when measured in healthy animals at locations both in the kidney and from the skin. In addition, by using this technique, we were able to rapidly determine renal function with acute renal failure animal models and with other animal models where kidney filtration functions were altered. The measured plasma clearance kinetics using this technique correlated with expected changes in kidney function. We found this ratiometric approach offers improved accuracy and speed for quantifying renal function compared with the approach using single fluorescent probes, and the measurement can be done noninvasively from the skin. This approach also offers a high sensitivity for determining plasma clearance rate of a fluorescent compound. This feature is important for rapidly quantifying small differences in plasma clearance when kidney function is changing.
|
['Algorithms', 'Animals', 'Dextrans', 'Diagnostic Imaging', 'Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Insulin', 'Ischemia', 'Kidney', 'Kinetics', 'Ligation', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Nephrectomy', 'Plasma', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Regional Blood Flow', 'Renal Circulation', 'Skin', 'Xanthenes']
| 17,311,910
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['B01.050'], ['D05.750.078.562.272', 'D09.698.365.272'], ['E01.370.350'], ['D02.455.426.779.347.400', 'D02.500.375.250', 'D02.886.250.250', 'D03.633.300.953.275.400', 'D04.711.347.400'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['E01.370.390.400.300', 'G08.852.357'], ['L01.224.308'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['C23.550.513'], ['A05.810.453'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E04.426'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['E04.950.774.435'], ['A12.207.152.693', 'A12.207.270.695', 'A15.145.693'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['G09.330.100.780'], ['G08.852.725', 'G09.330.100.812'], ['A17.815'], ['D03.633.300.953']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Increased right ventricular Septomarginal trabeculation mass is a novel marker for pulmonary hypertension: comparison with ventricular mass index and right ventricular mass.
|
OBJECTIVE: : To prospectively evaluate the cardiac magnetic resonance (MR) imaging-derived measurement of right ventricular (RV) septomarginal trabeculation (SMT) mass as a noninvasive marker for pulmonary hypertension (PH), compared with the ventricular mass index (VMI = RV mass/left ventricular mass) and RV mass.MATERIALS AND METHODS: : A total of 49 patients (60 ± 12 years; 35 female) with suspected PH underwent cardiac MR and right heart catheterization on the same day. Eighteen normal volunteers were also included. The performance of SMT mass, VMI and RV mass measurement, with regard to PH detection, was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic curves. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between SMT mass, RV mass, VMI, and PH.RESULTS: : The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for SMT mass/body surface area (BSA), VMI, and RV mass/BSA in diagnosing the presence or absence of PH was 0.88, 0.87, and 0.73 respectively. In multivariable models, both SMT mass/BSA (P = 0.005, odds ratio: 8.6) and VMI (P = 0. 012, odds ratio: 1.1) were found to be significant, independent predictors of PH.CONCLUSION: : Compared with right heart catheterization measurement, SMT mass and VMI are reproducible and noninvasive MR imaging markers for the diagnosis of PH.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Biomarkers', 'Cardiac Catheterization', 'Confidence Intervals', 'Female', 'Health Status Indicators', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Pulmonary', 'Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular', 'Logistic Models', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Odds Ratio', 'Prospective Studies', 'ROC Curve', 'Ventricular Dysfunction, Right']
| 21,577,127
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D23.101'], ['E01.370.370.380.140', 'E02.148.442', 'E05.157.250'], ['E05.318.740.275', 'N05.715.360.750.220', 'N06.850.520.830.275'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475'], ['A07.541.560'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381.423', 'C14.907.489.556'], ['C14.280.195.410', 'C23.300.775.250.401'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['E01.370.350.825.500.510'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['C14.280.945.910']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Immunohistochemical demonstration of estradiol in the guinea pig ovary.
|
Histochemical study of estradiol in the guinea pig ovary using RIA antiserum revealed specific estradiol fluorescence in theca interna cells and in single cells of atretic follicles. The fluorescence intensity was highest in the estrus phase.
|
['Animals', 'Estradiol', 'Estrus', 'Female', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Ovarian Follicle', 'Ovary', 'Theca Cells']
| 3,899,734
|
[['B01.050'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['G08.686.195.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.535', 'A06.300.312.497.535'], ['A05.360.319.114.630', 'A05.360.576.497', 'A06.300.312.497'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.535.400', 'A06.300.312.497.535.600', 'A11.329.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Layer-by-layer technique as a new approach to produce nanostructured films containing phospholipids as transducers in sensing applications.
|
Phospholipids are widely used as mimetic systems to exploit interactions involving biological membranes and pharmacological drugs. In this work, the layer-by-layer (LbL) technique was used as a new approach to produce multilayered thin films containing biological phospholipids applied as transducers onto Pt interdigitated electrodes forming sensing units of an electronic tongue system. Low concentrations (nM level) of a phenothiazine compound were detected through impedance spectroscopy. Both negative 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-3-glycero-[phosphor-rac-(1-glycerol)] (DPPG) and zwitterionic l-alpha-1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-3-glycero-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) phospholipids were used to produce the LbL films, whose molecular architecture was monitored combining spectroscopy and microscopy at micro and nanoscales. The sensor array was complemented by Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) monolayers of DPPG and DPPC deposited onto Pt interdigitated electrodes as well. It was found that the distinct molecular architecture presented by both LbL and LB films plays a key role on the sensitivity of the sensor array with the importance of the LbL films being demonstrated by principal component analysis (PCA).
|
['Biosensing Techniques', 'Microscopy, Atomic Force', 'Molecular Structure', 'Nanostructures', 'Nanotechnology', 'Pharmaceutical Preparations', 'Phospholipids', 'Spectrophotometry', 'Transducers']
| 19,161,323
|
[['E05.601.043'], ['E01.370.350.515.666.400', 'E05.595.666.400'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['J01.637.512'], ['H01.603', 'J01.897.520.600'], ['D26'], ['D10.570.755'], ['E05.196.712.726', 'E05.196.867.826'], ['E07.305.812']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Iodide uptake by negatively charged clay interlayers?
|
Understanding iodide interactions with clay minerals is critical to quantifying risk associated with nuclear waste disposal. Current thought assumes that iodide does not interact directly with clay minerals due to electrical repulsion between the iodide and the negatively charged clay layers. However, a growing body of work indicates a weak interaction between iodide and clays. The goal of this contribution is to report a conceptual model for iodide interaction with clays by considering clay mineral structures and emergent behaviors of chemical species in confined spaces. To approach the problem, a suite of clay minerals was used with varying degrees of isomorphic substitution, chemical composition, and mineral structure. Iodide uptake experiments were completed with each of these minerals in a range of swamping electrolyte identities (NaCl, NaBr, KCl) and concentrations. Iodide uptake behaviors form distinct trends with cation exchange capacity and mineral structure. These trends change substantially with electrolyte composition and concentration, but do not appear to be affected by solution pH. The experimental results suggest that iodide may directly interact with clays by forming ion-pairs (e.g., NaI(aq)) which may concentrate within the interlayer space as well as the thin areas surrounding the clay particle where water behavior is more structured relative to bulk water. Ion pairing and iodide concentration in these zones is probably driven by the reduced dielectric constant of water in confined space and by the relatively high polarizability of the iodide species.
|
['Adsorption', 'Aluminum Silicates', 'Clay', 'Iodides', 'Iodine Radioisotopes', 'Radioactive Waste', 'Soil Pollutants, Radioactive']
| 26,057,987
|
[['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['D01.056.050.075', 'D01.578.725.025', 'D01.650.550.050.075', 'D01.837.725.700.760.050'], ['D20.721.250', 'G01.311.820.250', 'G16.500.275.815.250', 'N06.230.600.250'], ['D01.248.497.158.490', 'D01.475.410'], ['D01.268.380.400.500.496', 'D01.496.448.496', 'D01.496.749.474'], ['D20.693.638', 'D20.944.380.638', 'D27.888.426.500.638', 'N06.850.460.710.380.638', 'N06.850.810.485'], ['D20.693.756', 'D27.888.284.756.674']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The transcriptional coactivator Yes-associated protein drives p73 gene-target specificity in response to DNA Damage.
|
The transcriptional coactivator Yes-associated protein (YAP) has been shown to interact with and to enhance p73-dependent apoptosis in response to DNA damage. Here, we show that YAP requires the promyelocytic leukemia gene (PML) and nuclear body localization to coactivate p73. YAP imparts selectivity to p73 by promoting the activation of a subset of p53 and/or p73 target promoters. Endogenous p73, YAP, and p300 proteins are concomitantly recruited onto the regulatory regions of the apoptotic target gene p53AIP1 only when cells are exposed to apoptotic conditions. Silencing of YAP by specific siRNA impairs p300 recruitment and reduces histone acetylation on the p53AIP1 target gene, resulting in delayed or reduced apoptosis mediated by p73. We also found that YAP contributes to the DNA damage-induced accumulation of p73 and potentiates the p300-mediated acetylation of p73. Altogether, our findings identify YAP as a key determinant of p73 gene targeting in response to DNA damage.
|
['Acetylation', 'Antibiotics, Antineoplastic', 'Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins', 'Cell Cycle Proteins', 'Cisplatin', 'DNA Damage', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Doxorubicin', 'Genes, Reporter', 'Genes, Tumor Suppressor', 'Humans', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein', 'Proteins', 'Trans-Activators', 'Transcription Factors', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Tumor Protein p73', 'Tumor Suppressor Proteins']
| 15,893,728
|
[['G02.111.012.052', 'G02.607.063.052', 'G03.040.052'], ['D27.505.954.248.106'], ['D12.644.360.075', 'D12.776.476.075'], ['D12.776.167'], ['D01.210.375', 'D01.625.125', 'D01.710.100'], ['G05.200'], ['D12.776.260'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200.175', 'D04.615.562.050.200.175', 'D09.408.051.059.200.175'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.249', 'G05.360.340.024.340.415.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.624'], ['D12.776.660'], ['D12.776.624.776.654', 'D12.776.660.745', 'D12.776.930.713', 'D12.776.934.500'], ['D12.776'], ['D12.776.260.755', 'D12.776.930.900', 'D12.776.964.925.984'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['D12.776.260.885', 'D12.776.624.776.820', 'D12.776.660.912', 'D12.776.930.969'], ['D12.776.624.776']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Searching for new NO-donor aspirin-like molecules: a new class of nitrooxy-acyl derivatives of salicylic acid.
|
A new class of products in which the phenol group of salicylic acid is linked to alkanoyl moieties bearing nitrooxy functions has been synthesized and studied for their polyvalent actions. The products were stable in acid and neutral media, while they were hydrolyzed in human serum. Their half-lives were dependent upon the structure of alkanoyl moieties. The products showed anti-inflammatory activities similar to aspirin when tested in the carrageenan-induced paw edema assay in the rat. Interestingly, unlike aspirin, they showed reduced or no gastrotoxicity in a lesion model in rats at equimolar doses. A number of them were able to inhibit platelet aggregation induced by collagen in human platelet-rich plasma. All of the products were capable of relaxing rat aortic strips precontracted with phenylephrine in a concentration-dependent manner. Selected members of this new class of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs might represent possible safer alternatives to aspirin in different clinical settings.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Aorta, Thoracic', 'Aspirin', 'Carrageenan', 'Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Edema', 'Humans', 'Hydrolysis', 'Male', 'Molecular Structure', 'Nitric Oxide Donors', 'Nitro Compounds', 'Platelet Aggregation', 'Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Salicylic Acid', 'Solutions', 'Stereoisomerism', 'Vasodilator Agents', 'Water']
| 18,293,898
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['A07.015.114.056.372'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.595.176'], ['D09.698.152'], ['E05.290.750', 'E05.337.550'], ['C23.888.277'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.380'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D27.505.519.656', 'D27.505.954.411.590'], ['D02.640'], ['G09.188.370.687', 'G09.188.390.600.640'], ['D27.505.954.502.780'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D02.241.223.100.300.595.608', 'D02.241.511.390.595.608', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.281.595.608', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.595.608'], ['D26.776'], ['G02.607.445.682'], ['D27.505.954.411.918'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Calcific tendinitis of the vastus lateralis muscle. A report of three cases.
|
Three cases of calcific tendinitis occurring at an unusual site (vastus lateralis tendon) are described. Findings on conventional radiography and computed tomography together with the clinical history are characteristic for this disorder and reflect its natural evolution. The actual role of magnetic resonance imaging seems limited to excluding neoplasm and to demonstrating inflammatory changes better in the early stages of disease.
|
['Aged', 'Calcinosis', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Tendinopathy', 'Thigh', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 2,000,500
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C18.452.174.130'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.651.869', 'C26.874.800'], ['A01.378.610.750'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Influence of training on the biokinematics in trotting Andalusian horses.
|
The aim of this study was to determine the influence of a 10-month training programme on the linear, temporal and angular characteristics of the fore and hind limbs at the trot in the Andalusian horse, using standard computer-aided videography. Sixteen male Andalusian horses were observed before and after training. Six strides were randomly selected for analysis in each horse and linear, temporal and angular parameters were calculated for fore and hind limbs. The training programme used here produced significant changes in kinematic parameters, such as shortening of stride length, and increase in swing duration and a decrease in hind limb stance percentage. No significant differences were recorded in the angular values for the forelimb joints. In trained horses, the more proximal joints of the hind limb, especially the hip and stifle, had a greater flexion while the fetlock showed a smaller extension angle. At the beginning of the swing phase, hip and stifle joints presented angles that were significantly more flexed. When the hind limbs came into contact with the ground, all the joints presented greater flexion after training.
|
['Animals', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Forelimb', 'Gait', 'Horses', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Male', 'Physical Conditioning, Animal', 'Rhombencephalon', 'Spain', 'Videotape Recording']
| 11,085,468
|
[['B01.050'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['A13.395'], ['E01.370.600.250', 'G11.427.410.568.900.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472'], ['L01.224.308'], ['G11.427.410.698.277.280'], ['A08.186.211.132.810'], ['Z01.542.846'], ['J01.897.280.500.846.734', 'J01.897.280.500.898.840', 'L01.178.590.875.840', 'L01.178.820.090.846.734', 'L01.178.820.090.898.840', 'L01.280.940.840', 'L01.280.960.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Pediatric burn injuries in South Africa: a 15-year analysis of hospital data.
|
INTRODUCTION: Burns are a significant burden of pediatric injuries, particularly in low and middle-income countries, were more than 90% of burn-related pediatric deaths occur. This study explores pediatric burn-related injuries over a fifteen year time period in South Africa through an analysis of a pediatric trauma surveillance system.METHODS: This retrospective observational study used data collected by Childsafe South Africa from the Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital (RCH) trauma registry in Cape Town, South Africa between 1995 and 2009 for children less than 13 years of age who presented with burn injuries to the hospital's casualty department. Demographic data and Abbreviated Injury Scores (AISs) were first assessed, followed by an analysis of time trends using Poisson regression. Logistic regression models were used to analyse factors related to hospital admissions.RESULTS: Between 1995 and 2009, 9438 children with burn-related injuries presented to RCH, of which nearly three-quarters resulted from scalds (73%; n=7024). The mean age of the injured children was 3.1 ± 2.9 years 58% were male. 11 deaths occurred in the hospital's casualty department. 39% of injuries were minor, 56% were moderate, and 5% were severe. During the 15-year study period, moderate burn injuries increased by 3%, while minor injuries decreased by 10% (p<0.05). 49% of all children were admitted to the hospital. Hospital admissions increased by 3% (p<0.05) during the study period.CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric burn injuries are a significant contributor to the burden of child diseases in developing county hospitals. Pediatric surveillance systems, such as Childsafe South Africa's, are important to study epidemiologic changes in burn injuries. Findings suggest the need for targeted interventions to address the prevention of specific burn-related injuries.
|
['Accidents, Home', 'Age Distribution', 'Burns', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'Female', 'Hospitalization', 'Hospitals, Pediatric', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Policy Making', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sentinel Surveillance', 'South Africa']
| 23,415,388
|
[['N06.850.135.217'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['C26.200'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.245.380', 'E05.318.740.300', 'L01.313.500.750.190.380', 'N05.715.360.750.300', 'N06.850.520.830.300'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['N02.278.421.556.437'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['N03.706.742'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700.650', 'E05.318.650', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625.650', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700.650', 'N06.850.520.699', 'N06.850.780.675.650'], ['Z01.058.290.175.735']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The pathobiological behaviors and prognosis associated with Japanese gastric adenocarcinomas of pure WHO histological subtypes.
|
Japan is a high-risk region for gastric carcinoma with a comparatively early stage and favorable prognosis. To clarify the pathobiological behaviors and prognosis of Japanese gastric adenocarcinoma, we analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics of different WHO subtypes of carcinomas. The expression of ki-67, CPP32, p53, FHIT, maspin, parafibromin, GRP78, GRP94, EMMPRIN, VEGF, P-GSK3beta-ser9, fascin, cortactin, Arp2, Arp3 MUC-2, MUC-5AC and MUC-6 was examined using immunohistochemistry and tissue microarrays. The majority of cases were well-, poorly-, or moderately-differentiated subtype, whereas the minority were papillary or signet ring cell carcinoma (SRC). Patients with poorly-differentiated or SRC carcinoma were predominantly young and female. Poorly-differentiated and mucinous carcinomas were larger, with deeper invasion, more venous or lymphatic invasion, frequent lymph node involvement and peritoneal dissemination, or higher staging. The SRC group exhibited weaker expression of ki-67, CPP32, p53, parafibromin, GRP78, GRP94, P-GSK3beta-ser9, VEGF or cortactin. The moderately-differentiated subtype exhibited lower expression of FHIT and Arp3 positivity. The poorly-differentiated group showed weaker expression of CPP32, EMMPRIN, MUC-2, MUC-5AC, and MUC-6. Survival analysis indicated that the patients with poorly-differentiated or mucinous subtypes had a lower cumulative survival rate than those with papillary, well-, moderately-differentiated, or SRC carcinomas (P<0.05). The age, invasive depth, lymphatic invasion, peritoneal dissemination, and WHO classification were independent prognostic factors for carcinoma patients (P<0.05). It was suggested that poorly-differentiated and mucinous subtypes are more aggressive and of unfavorable prognosis among Japanese gastric carcinomas. Lower levels of proliferation and apoptosis, as well as alterations in tumor suppressor genes, mucin production and ER stress protein played important roles in the pathogenesis of poorly-differentiated and SRC carcinomas.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Carcinoma, Papillary', 'Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell', 'Female', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct', 'Gastrectomy', 'Humans', 'Japan', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Prognosis', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Survival Rate', 'Tissue Array Analysis', 'World Health Organization']
| 20,183,797
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D23.101.140'], ['C04.557.470.200.360', 'C04.557.470.700.360'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.415', 'C04.557.470.590.415'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240.300', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240.300', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240.300', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240.300', 'E05.478.583.375.300'], ['E04.210.419'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E01.789'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['E05.588.570.850'], ['N03.540.514.718.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Isolated central nervous system relapse during cytologic and molecular hematologic remission in two patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia.
|
Extramedullary involvement in the absence of bone marrow disease is rare in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). We report two patients with APL who had central nervous system (CNS) relapse without evidence of cytologic and molecular disease of bone marrow after all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) treatment. Both of the patients were treated successfully with combination of intrathecal chemotherapy and radiotherapy with or without systemic chemotherapy. Although increasing number of cases with extramedullary involvement of APL after ATRA including therapy have been reported, further studies with a large series of patients are necessary to determine whether ATRA increases the risk of development of extramedullary involvement of disease in patients with APL.
|
['Adult', 'Central Nervous System Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute', 'Male', 'Recurrence', 'Remission Induction', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Tretinoin']
| 17,852,441
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C04.588.614.250', 'C10.551.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.337.539.275.700'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E02.860'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.495.818.500', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700.860.500', 'D02.455.849.131.495.818.800', 'D02.455.849.291.925.500', 'D23.767.261.700.780']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
DNA repair synthesis in the pancreatic islets of streptozotocin-treated mice.
|
We have investigated the ability of the diabetogenic drug streptozotocin (SZ) to induce DNA repair synthesis following DNA lesions in the cells of the islets of Langerhans of mice. Following intravenous injection of SZ, the pancreatic islets were isolated and incubated with tritiated thymidine. The incorporation of the isotope into cells performing DNA repair synthesis was analyzed using quantitative autoradiography. SZ induced an acute hyperglycemia in the mice together with a significant DNA repair synthesis (an increased tritiated thymidine incorporation) in the islet cells. In similar experiments performed with alloxan, the islet cells degenerated rapidly preventing the detection of DNA repair synthesis. The results support the view that SZ acts on the B cell by causing DNA damage followed by DNA repair synthesis. However, the rapid islet cell degeneration observed following alloxan administration suggests that this B cytotoxin has a different primary mechanism of action, from that of SZ.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Glucose', 'DNA Repair', 'DNA Replication', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'Islets of Langerhans', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Streptozocin']
| 2,933,209
|
[['B01.050'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['C18.452.394.750.074', 'C19.246.240', 'E05.598.500.374'], ['A03.734.414', 'A06.300.414'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['D02.065.950.594.768', 'D02.654.692.768', 'D09.408.051.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prevention of tumorigenesis in p53-null mammary epithelium by rexinoid bexarotene, tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib, and celecoxib.
|
The chemopreventive effects of three agents, rexinoid bexarotene, tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib, and celecoxib, were tested on mammary tumor development arising in p53-null mammary epithelium. The rexinoid bexarotene was the most efficacious inhibitor as it reduced mammary tumor development by 75% in virgin mice and significantly delayed mean tumor development by 98 days in hormone-stimulated mice. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib reduced mammary tumor incidence by 50% in virgin mice but did not significantly delay mean tumor latency in hormone-stimulated mice. Celecoxib did not reduce tumor incidence or mean tumor latency in either of the two models. The high doses of the rexinoid and the tyrosine kinase inhibitor did not affect the progression of tumors arising from the premalignant mammary outgrowth line, PN8a. A comparison of these agents with tamoxifen shows the superiority of tamoxifen in preventing tumor development in p53-null mammary cells. Similarly, a comparison of the results of the p53 model with other transgenic models in their response to the chemopreventive agents showed that mammary tumors arising from different oncogenic events will respond differently to the different agents.
|
['Animals', 'Anticarcinogenic Agents', 'Bexarotene', 'Celecoxib', 'Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'ErbB Receptors', 'Female', 'Gefitinib', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Incidence', 'Mammary Glands, Animal', 'Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Pyrazoles', 'Quinazolines', 'Sulfonamides', 'Tetrahydronaphthalenes', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53']
| 19,174,577
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.696.706.018', 'D27.505.954.248.125', 'D27.720.799.018'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.960.423', 'D04.615.638.960.423'], ['D02.065.884.247', 'D02.886.590.700.247', 'D03.383.129.539.160'], ['D27.505.519.389.310', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030.500', 'D27.505.954.329.030.500'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074'], ['D03.633.100.786.469'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['A10.336.482', 'A13.589'], ['C04.588.531.500', 'C04.619.590', 'E05.598.500.496.843'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['D03.383.129.539'], ['D03.633.100.786'], ['D02.065.884', 'D02.886.590.700'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.960', 'D04.615.638.960'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Propensity Score-Based Analysis of Percutaneous Closure Versus Medical Therapy in Patients With Cryptogenic Stroke and Patent Foramen Ovale: The IPSYS Registry (Italian Project on Stroke in Young Adults).
|
BACKGROUND: We sought to compare the benefit of percutaneous closure to that of medical therapy alone for the secondary prevention of embolism in patients with patent foramen ovale (PFO) and otherwise unexplained ischemic stroke, in a propensity scored study.METHODS AND RESULTS: Between 2000 and 2012, we selected consecutive first-ever ischemic stroke patients aged 18 to 45 years with PFO and no other cause of brain ischemia, as part of the IPSYS registry (Italian Project on Stroke in Young Adults), who underwent either percutaneous PFO closure or medical therapy for comparative analysis. Primary end point was a composite of ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, or peripheral embolism. Secondary end point was brain ischemia. Five hundred and twenty-one patients qualified for the analysis. The primary end point occurred in 15 patients treated with percutaneous PFO closure (7.3%) versus 33 patients medically treated (10.5%; hazard ratio, 0.72; 95% confidence interval, 0.39-1.32; P=0.285). The rates of the secondary end point brain ischemia were also similar in the 2 treatment groups (6.3% in the PFO closure group versus 10.2% in the medically treated group; hazard ratio, 0.64; 95% confidence interval, 0.33-1.21; P=0.168). Closure provided a benefit in patients aged 18 to 36 years (hazard ratio, 0.19; 95% confidence interval, 0.04-0.81; P=0.026) and in those with a substantial right-to-left shunt size (hazard ratio, 0.19; 95% confidence interval, 0.05-0.68; P=0.011).CONCLUSIONS: PFO closure seems as effective as medical therapy for secondary prevention of cryptogenic ischemic stroke. Whether device treatment might be more effective in selected cases, such as in patients younger than 37 years and in those with a substantial right-to-left shunt size, deserves further investigation.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Brain Ischemia', 'Cardiac Catheterization', 'Cardiovascular Agents', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Embolism, Paradoxical', 'Female', 'Foramen Ovale, Patent', 'Humans', 'Intracranial Embolism', 'Italy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Propensity Score', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Registries', 'Risk Factors', 'Secondary Prevention', 'Stroke', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 27,582,111
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['C10.228.140.300.150', 'C14.907.253.092'], ['E01.370.370.380.140', 'E02.148.442', 'E05.157.250'], ['D27.505.954.411'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['C14.907.355.590.400'], ['C14.240.400.560.375.258', 'C14.280.400.560.375.258', 'C16.131.240.400.560.375.258'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.300.525.400', 'C14.907.253.566.300', 'C14.907.355.590.213.300'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.675', 'N05.715.360.750.625.620', 'N06.850.520.830.600.650'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E02.897', 'N02.421.726.825', 'N06.850.780.750'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Effect of thyroidectomy of immature male chickens on circulating thyroid hormones and on response to thyroid-stimulating hormone and chronic cold exposure.
|
Previous studies in the author's laboratory established that thyroidectomized (Tx) immature male chickens had significant levels of circulating thyroid hormones, and it was proposed that extrathyroidal tissue might be present. Three experiments were conducted to further investigate this possibility. In all experiments, thyroid glands were removed surgically at 3 wk of age. In the first experiment, birds were kept until 20 wk of age. It was found that only triidothyronine levels were reduced significantly in the Tx birds. In the second experiment, Tx as well as sham-operated control groups received a single iv injection of bovine thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) to determine if extrathyroidal tissue in Tx birds would respond to exogenous TSH. It was found that circulating thyroxine (T4) concentrations in sham-operated control birds, but not Tx birds, were increased following TSH injection. In the third experiment, Tx and sham-operated birds were exposed chronically to cold (7 C), and only circulating T4 was found to be elevated in both groups. It was concluded that extrathyroidal tissue in Tx birds does not respond to TSH.
|
['Aging', 'Animals', 'Chickens', 'Cold Temperature', 'Male', 'Thyroidectomy', 'Thyrotropin', 'Thyroxine', 'Triiodothyronine']
| 2,704,673
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['G01.906.595.272', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.300', 'G16.500.750.775.710.300', 'N06.230.300.100.725.154', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.300'], ['E04.270.856'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.883', 'D12.644.548.691.525.883'], ['D06.472.931.812', 'D12.125.072.050.767'], ['D06.472.931.740.385', 'D12.125.072.050.767.741.894']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
TP53 promoter methylation in primary glioblastoma: relationship with TP53 mRNA and protein expression and mutation status.
|
Reduced expression of TP53 by promoter methylation has been reported in several neoplasms. It remains unclear whether TP53 promoter methylation is associated with reduced transcriptional and protein expression in glioblastoma (GB). The aim of our work was to study the impact of TP53 methylation and mutations on TP53 mRNA level and protein expression in 42 molecularly characterized primary GB tumors. We also evaluate the impact of all molecular alterations on the overall patient survival. The frequency of TP53 promoter methylation was found in 21.4%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report showing such high frequency of TP53 promoter methylation in primary GB. There was no relation between TP53 promoter methylation and TP53 mRNA level (p=0.5722) and between TP53 promoter methylation and TP53 protein expression (p=0.2045). No significant associations were found between TP53 mRNA expression and mutation of TP53 gene (p=0.9076). However, significant association between TP53 mutation and TP53 protein expression was found (p=0.0016). Our data suggest that in primary GB TP53 promoter methylation does not play a role in silencing of TP53 transcriptional and protein expression and is probably regulated by other genetic and epigenetic mechanisms associated with genes involved in the TP53 pathway.
|
['Base Sequence', 'DNA Methylation', 'DNA Primers', 'Epigenesis, Genetic', 'ErbB Receptors', 'Female', 'Glioblastoma', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Male', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'Poland', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Superoxide Dismutase', 'Superoxide Dismutase-1', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53']
| 24,506,545
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.035.538.161', 'G02.111.218', 'G03.059.538.161', 'G05.206'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['G05.308.203'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380.080.335', 'C04.557.470.670.380.080.335', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380.080.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['Z01.542.248.679'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.393.620.500.706'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['D08.811.682.881'], ['D08.811.682.881.500'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Methylation of translation elongation factor 1A by the METTL10-like See1 methyltransferase facilitates tombusvirus replication in yeast and plants.
|
Replication of tombusviruses and other plus-strand RNA viruses depends on several host factors that are recruited into viral replicase complexes. Previous studies have shown that eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A (eEF1A) is one of the resident host proteins in the highly purified tombusvirus replicase complex. In this paper, we show that methylation of eEF1A by the METTL10-like See1p methyltransferase is required for tombusvirus and unrelated nodavirus RNA replication in yeast model host. Similar to the effect of SEE1 deletion, yeast expressing only a mutant form of eEF1A lacking the 4 known lysines subjected to methylation supported reduced TBSV accumulation. We show that the half-life of several viral replication proteins is decreased in see1Ä yeast or when a mutated eEF1A was expressed as a sole source for eEF1A. Silencing of the plant ortholog of See1 methyltransferase also decreased tombusvirus RNA accumulation in Nicotiana benthamiana.
|
['Host-Pathogen Interactions', 'Methylation', 'Methyltransferases', 'Peptide Elongation Factor 1', 'Plant Proteins', 'Protein Binding', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Tobacco', 'Tombusvirus', 'Viral Proteins', 'Virus Replication']
| 24,314,635
|
[['G06.462', 'G16.527.200'], ['G02.111.035.538', 'G02.607.094.538', 'G03.059.538'], ['D08.811.913.555.500'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.100.101', 'D12.776.157.325.150.101', 'D12.776.835.700.350.101'], ['D12.776.765'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.900'], ['B04.715.810.870', 'B04.820.578.968.870'], ['D12.776.964'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] cultivated as tuber or leafy vegetable supplier as affected by elevated tropospheric ozone.
|
Sweet potato cultivars respond differently to elevated tropospheric ozone concentrations of ca. 130 mug m (-3), 8 h a day for 4 weeks, which affects their selection for cultivation. In the first cultivar presented here, an adequate leafy vegetable supplier, the ozone load resulted in a shift of biomass to maintain the canopy at the expense of tuber development. Starch content of leaves was reduced, indicating an impairment of quality, but carotenoid content remained stable. The second cultivar may be grown for tuber production. Although the ratio tuber/plant remained stable under ozone, tuber yield and its starch content were significantly reduced. The lower starch content indicated a worse quality for certain industrial processing, but it is desirable for chip production. Elevated tropospheric ozone concentrations also influenced free amino acids and macronutrient contents of tubers, but these modifications were of minor significance for tuber quality in the second cultivar.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Carotenoids', 'Ipomoea batatas', 'Ozone', 'Plant Leaves', 'Plant Tubers', 'Starch']
| 18,593,180
|
[['D12.125'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249', 'D02.455.849.131', 'D23.767.261'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.238.500.500'], ['D01.362.670.600'], ['A18.024.812'], ['A18.400.625'], ['D05.750.078.562.855', 'D09.301.915', 'D09.698.365.855']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide: a potent activator of human intestinal ion transport.
|
To investigate the effects of PACAP-27 on electrolyte transport across the isolated human intestinal mucosa, changes in short-circuit current (Isc) were measured in Ussing chamber experiments. Serosally added PACAP-27 increased Isc in a concentration-dependent manner, eliciting a similar maximal effect in both the jejunal and the colonic mucosa. Bumetanide inhibited Isc responses, indicating stimulation of Cl- secretion. The potency and efficacy of PACAP-27 were comparable to those of VIP, suggesting that both peptides activate intestinal secretion by way of a common receptor located in the basolateral membrane of the intestinal epithelium.
|
['Colon', 'Crohn Disease', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Electrolytes', 'Gastrointestinal Hormones', 'Humans', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'Jejunum', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Natriuretic Peptides', 'Neuropeptides', 'Neurotransmitter Agents', 'Peptides', 'Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide', 'Tetrodotoxin', 'Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide']
| 8,993,454
|
[['A03.556.124.526.356', 'A03.556.249.249.356'], ['C06.405.205.731.500', 'C06.405.469.432.500'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D01.248'], ['D06.472.317'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481'], ['A03.556.124.369', 'A10.615.550.444'], ['A03.556.124.684.500', 'A03.556.249.750'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['D06.472.699.584', 'D12.644.548.585'], ['D12.644.400', 'D12.776.631.650'], ['D27.505.519.625', 'D27.505.696.577'], ['D12.644'], ['D12.644.276.860.887', 'D12.644.400.625', 'D12.776.467.860.887', 'D12.776.631.600.887', 'D12.776.631.650.625', 'D23.529.850.887'], ['D03.633.100.786.910', 'D23.946.580.910'], ['D06.472.317.950', 'D06.472.699.952', 'D12.644.400.875', 'D12.644.548.952', 'D12.776.631.650.875']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sensitivity to cocaine and amphetamine among mice selectively bred for differential cocaine sensitivity.
|
Selective breeding of mice for differences in response to a drug offers a powerful means for testing hypotheses regarding underlying mechanisms and relationships between drug-induced behaviors. Starting from a heterogeneous stock of mice, we have selectively bred lines of mice for extreme differences in their locomotor response to 10 mg/kg cocaine HCl. Selection pressure has been maintained for 12 generations and has resulted in two cocaine sensitive (CAHI) and two cocaine insensitive (CALO) lines. Across the generations of selection, the CAHI lines showed progressively greater amounts of cocaine-induced locomotion, with mice from the S12 generation traveling over 21,000 cm/30 min. following 10 mg/kg cocaine. The CALO lines, in contrast, did not substantially diverge from control values until the S8 generation. By generation 12, however, the LO lines traveled no further following 10 mg/kg cocaine (7000 cm/30 min), than they did following an initial saline injection. Cocaine and amphetamine dose-response analyses were conducted on drug-naive mice from the tenth generation. The CAHI lines were extremely sensitive to the locomotor activating effects of all doses of cocaine, displaying from 2- to 6-fold greater amounts of cocaine-induced locomotion than the CALO lines. The CALO lines, in contrast, were completely insensitive to the psychomotor stimulant effects of cocaine. The CAHI lines were also more sensitive to the locomotor activating effects of amphetamine. Both lines showed dose-dependent amphetamine-induced locomotion that peaked at 3 mg/kg. However, at all doses, the CAHI lines showed a 2- to 4-fold greater amount of locomotion than CALO lines. Thus, the sensitivity to cocaine developed through selection using a single dose of cocaine has generalized to a range of doses of cocaine and to at least one other psychostimulant.
|
['Amphetamine', 'Animals', 'Cocaine', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Motor Activity', 'Species Specificity']
| 9,862,401
|
[['D02.092.471.683.152.110'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.145.074.722.388', 'D03.132.889.354', 'D03.605.084.500.722.388', 'D03.605.869.388'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Assessment of extravascular extracellular space fraction in human melanoma xenografts by DCE-MRI and kinetic modeling.
|
Tumor aggressiveness and response to therapy are influenced by the extravascular extracellular space fraction (EESF) of the malignant tissue. The EESF may, therefore, be an important prognostic parameter for cancer patients. The aim of this study was to investigate whether gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA)-based dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) can be used to assess the EESF of tumors. Amelanotic human melanoma xenografts (A-07, R-18) were used as preclinical models of human cancer. Images of E.F (E is the initial extraction fraction of Gd-DTPA and F is perfusion) and lambda (the partition coefficient of Gd-DTPA) were obtained by Kety analysis of DCE-MRI data. Our study was based on the hypothesis that lambda is governed by the EESF and is not influenced significantly by microvascular density (MVD) or blood perfusion. To test this hypothesis, we searched for correlations between lambda and E.F, MVD or EESF by comparing lambda images with E.F images, histological preparations from the imaged tissue and the radial heterogeneity in EESF obtained by invasive imaging. Positive correlations were found between lambda and EESF. Thus, median lambda was larger in A-07 tumors than in R-18 tumors by a factor of 4.2 (P<.00001), consistent with the histological observation that EESF is approximately fourfold larger in A-07 tumors than in R-18 tumors. The radial heterogeneity in lambda in A-07 and R-18 tumors was almost identical to the radial heterogeneity in EESF. Moreover, lambda was larger in tissue regions with high EESF than in tissue regions with low EESF in A-07 tumors (P=.048). On the other hand, significant correlations between lambda and MVD or E.F could not be detected. Consequently, Kety analysis of Gd-DTPA-based DCE-MRI series of xenografted tumors provides lambda images that primarily reflect the EESF of the tissue.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Contrast Media', 'Extracellular Space', 'Female', 'Gadolinium DTPA', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Melanoma, Experimental', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Transplantation, Heterologous']
| 17,692,490
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['A10.082.500', 'A11.284.295'], ['D02.092.782.590.401', 'D02.241.081.018.639.400', 'D02.257.141'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510.525', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510.525', 'C04.557.665.510.525', 'C04.619.600', 'E05.598.500.496.937'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['E04.936.764']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
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