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Does kidney transplantation to iliac artery deteriorate ischemia in the ipsilateral lower extremity with peripheral arterial disease?
|
OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to investigate the progression of lower extremity ischemia following kidney transplantation to iliac artery in patients with peripheral arterial disease.METHODS: A retrospective chart review of all renal transplant patients completed at a university teaching medical center from January 2006 to December of 2011 was performed. A total of 219 patients underwent successful kidney transplantation to the common, external, or internal iliac artery. Pre- and post-transplantation ischemic changes in the ipsilateral lower extremity were reviewed and analyzed.RESULTS: Thirty-eight of the 219 patients had ipsilateral peripheral arterial disease and seven of them were symptomatic. Six of the seven symptomatic patients remained stable and one patient's rest pain improved, postoperatively. Eight patients developed new symptoms of ischemia 12 months later, including four with claudication, two with ischemic ulcers, and two with gangrene toes. The ulcers were healed following superficial femoral artery stenting and wound care. Toe amputation was performed in two patients with gangrene. No major amputation was required up to 48 months of follow-up.CONCLUSIONS: Transplanted kidney to iliac artery does not significantly deteriorate ischemia in adults with ipsilateral lower extremity peripheral arterial disease. Late developed ischemic complications may be due to the progression of underlying arterial disease.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Amputation', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Hospitals, University', 'Humans', 'Iliac Artery', 'Ischemia', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Louisiana', 'Lower Extremity', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Peripheral Arterial Disease', 'Reoperation', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 25,331,072
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.555.080'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['N02.278.020.300.310', 'N02.278.421.639.725'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A07.015.114.444'], ['C23.550.513'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['Z01.107.567.875.750.480'], ['A01.378.610'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.907.137.126.307.500', 'C14.907.617.671'], ['E04.690'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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| 1
| 0
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| 1
|
The value of computed tomographic scanning in the diagnosis and management of orbital fractures associated with head trauma: a prospective, consecutive study at a level I trauma center.
|
BACKGROUND: Orbital fractures associated with head trauma are not always easy to diagnose. The real incidence of such fractures is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of routine primary computed tomographic (CT) scanning for diagnosis of orbital fractures in head trauma patients.METHODS: Over a 3-year period, 600 consecutive patients admitted with head trauma were examined clinically; these patients then underwent cranial helical CT scanning, irrespective of severity of head injuries and presence or absence of fracture-related symptoms.RESULTS: Orbital fractures were diagnosed on CT scan in 118 cases (19.7%). All patients with symptoms directly related to an orbital fracture had radiologically diagnosed fractures, compared with 58.3% of patients with isolated blepharohematoma and 3.8% of asymptomatic patients.CONCLUSION: CT scan of the orbits is indicated for any head trauma patient who presents either one or more symptoms directly related to an orbital fracture or just isolated blepharohematoma. CT scan of the orbits is not indicated in asymptomatic head trauma patients. Inclusion of the orbits in the scanning is recommendable only if a CT scan is already being obtained for a head injury. Clinical follow-up is important to detect any late-appearing symptoms. Accurate clinical examination still plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of orbital fractures.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Child', 'Female', 'Glasgow Coma Scale', 'Humans', 'Injury Severity Score', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Orbit', 'Prospective Studies', 'Skull Fractures', 'Switzerland', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 15,706,197
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.875.250', 'E05.944.500', 'N04.452.859.564.800.250', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.800.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.875.500', 'E05.944.600', 'N04.452.859.564.800.500', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.800.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.690'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C10.900.300.918', 'C26.404.750', 'C26.915.300.745'], ['Z01.542.883'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
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An in vitro comparative SEM study of marginal adaptation of IRM, light- and chemically-cured glass ionomer, and amalgam in furcation perforations.
|
The furcation regions of 30 human mandibular molars were perforated and sealed using four different materials: IRM, light- and chemically-cured glass ionomer cement (GIC), and amalgam. The materials were compared for marginal gaps in coronal, mid, and apical regions after routine SEM processing. While light-cured GIC showed the smallest gaps in the three regions, in mid and coronal regions chemically-cured GIC, and in apical regions amalgam, showed the largest gaps. IRM cases showed the highest rate of fillings with a good "fit", whereas the majority of amalgam cases and none of the chemically-cured GIC cases were overfilled.
|
['Dental Amalgam', 'Dental Marginal Adaptation', 'Dental Pulp Cavity', 'Dental Restoration, Permanent', 'Glass Ionomer Cements', 'Humans', 'Methylmethacrylates', 'Molar', 'Root Canal Filling Materials', 'Tooth Injuries', 'Tooth Root', 'Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement']
| 12,360,666
|
[['D25.339.208.291', 'J01.637.051.339.208.291'], ['E06.323.764', 'E06.658.224', 'E06.780.620'], ['A14.549.167.900.265'], ['E06.323.428', 'E06.780.346.737', 'E07.695.190.190'], ['D25.339.291.402', 'J01.637.051.339.291.402'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.241.081.069.800.550', 'D05.750.716.822.111.650.605', 'D25.720.716.822.111.650.605', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.111.650.605'], ['A14.549.167.860.525'], ['D25.339.859', 'J01.637.051.339.859'], ['C07.793.850', 'C26.900'], ['A14.549.167.900.750'], ['D25.339.291.925', 'J01.637.051.339.291.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Preventing the recurrence of depression with a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil. The PREDI-DEP trial: study protocol.
|
BACKGROUND: The role of dietary patterns in the prevention of unipolar depression has been analyzed in several epidemiological studies. The primary aims of this study are to determine the effectiveness of an extra-olive oil-enriched Mediterranean diet in reducing the recurrence of depression and improving the symptoms of this condition.METHODS: Multicenter, two-arm, parallel-group clinical trial. Arm 1, extra-virgin olive oil Mediterranean diet; Arm 2, control group without nutritional intervention. Dieticians are in charge of the nutritional intervention and regular contact with the participants. Contacts are made through our web platform ( https://predidep.es/participantes/ ) or by phone. Recurrence of depression is assessed by psychiatrists and clinical psychologists through clinical evaluations (semi-structured clinical interviews: Spanish SCID-I). Depressive symptoms are assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory. Information on quality of life, level of physical activity, dietary habits, and blood, urine and stool samples are collected after the subject has agreed to participate in the study and once a year.DISCUSSION: To the best of our knowledge, the PREDI-DEP trial is the first ongoing randomized clinical trial designed to assess the role of the Mediterranean diet in the prevention of recurrent depression. It could be a cost-effective approach to avoid recurrence and improve the quality of life of these patients.TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study has been prospectively registered in the U.S. National Library of Medicine ( https://clinicaltrials.gov ) with NCT number: NCT03081065.
|
['Depression', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Diet, Mediterranean', 'Dietary Supplements', 'Exercise', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Olive Oil', 'Quality of Life', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'Secondary Prevention']
| 30,744,589
|
[['F01.145.126.350'], ['F03.600.300'], ['E02.642.249.270', 'G07.203.650.240.270'], ['G07.203.300.456', 'J02.500.456'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D10.212.302.380.580', 'D10.212.507.650', 'D10.627.700.728', 'G07.203.300.375.400.500', 'J02.500.375.400.500'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500'], ['E02.897', 'N02.421.726.825', 'N06.850.780.750']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Comparative evaluation of carcass traits and meat quality in native Aseel chickens and commercial broilers.
|
A comprehensive study was conducted to analyse the meat quality attributes, composition and carcass traits in Aseel chickens and commercial broilers at market age on the basis of physiological age. A total of 20 Aseel (26 and 56 weeks) and 20 broiler (6 weeks) chickens were divided into two groups on a live weight basis, i.e. large (?2.5 kg) and small (<2.5 kg) with 10 birds in each subgroup. The pH of meat did not show any significant variation between Aseel and broiler chickens. The meat from heavier birds had significantly higher pH. Shear force value and hydroxyproline contents were significantly higher in Aseel chickens. Aseel birds had significantly higher red (a*) colouration and lower lightness (L*) than broiler chickens. The texture and acceptability of Aseel meat were significantly higher. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that muscle fibres in Aseels were arranged in a more coiled pattern making the muscle tough. A larger amount of connective tissue was also observed between the muscle fibres compared with the broiler chickens. The dressing percentage was significantly higher in larger chickens. Commercial broilers recorded significantly higher meat proportion and lower proportion of bone. The meat:bone ratio was 1.07:1.0 in Aseel and 1.31-1.0 in broiler chicken. Breast muscle content was significantly lower in smaller Aseel chickens. Aseel chicken had stronger and heavier backs and shanks. Abdominal fat percentage was significantly lower in Aseel (0.73-0.78%). The study concluded that the firm texture of Aseel meat was due to the high collagen content and interlocking connective tissue between the muscle fibres. The texture and acceptability of Aseel meat was higher. Aseel cocks had strong legs, lean meat and less abdominal fat, making them a high-value meat bird in addition to their aggressive fighting ability.
|
['Animals', 'Chickens', 'Male', 'Meat', 'Muscle Fibers, Skeletal', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Pectoralis Muscles', 'Species Specificity']
| 27,058,815
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['G07.203.300.600', 'J02.500.600'], ['A10.690.552.500.500', 'A11.620.249'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['A02.633.567.775'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Tumor implantation following laparoscopy using different insufflation gases.
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BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic manipulation of malignancies is associated with an increased incidence of metastasis to port sites in experimental models. This study investigated the effect of different insufflation gases on the implantation of a tumor cell suspension following laparoscopic surgery in an established small animal model.METHODS: Forty Dark Agouti rats underwent laparoscopy and the introduction into the peritoneal cavity of a tumor cell suspension. The insufflating gas used for each procedure was one of the following gases (10 rats in each group): carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), helium, and air. The rats were killed 7 days after surgery, and the peritoneal cavity and port sites were examined for the presence of tumor.RESULTS: Although no significant differences were seen between air, CO2, and N2O insufflation groups, tumor involvement of peritoneal surfaces was less likely following helium insufflation.CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that tumor metastasis to port sites following laparoscopic surgery may be influenced by the choice of insufflation gas. In this study, helium was associated with reduced tumor growth.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Animals', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Gases', 'Helium', 'Neoplasm Seeding', 'Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains']
| 9,788,851
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['B01.050'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D01.362'], ['D01.268.613.350', 'D01.362.641.352'], ['C04.697.650.830', 'C23.550.727.650.830'], ['E01.370.388.605'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Organelle interactions and possible degradation pathways visualized in high-pressure frozen algal cells.
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Summary Organelle interactions, although essential for both anabolic and catabolic pathways in plant cells have not been examined in detail so far. In the present study the structure of different organelle-organelle, organelle-vesicle and organelle-membrane interactions were investigated in growing and nongrowing cells of the green alga Micrasterias denticulata by use of high pressure freeze fixation and energy filtering transmission electron microscopy. It became clear that contacts between mitochondria always occur by formation of a cone-shaped protuberance of one of the mitochondria which penetrates into its fusion partner. In the same way, structural interactions between mitochondria and mucilage vesicles and between microbodies and mucilage vesicles are achieved. Lytic compartments contact mitochondria or mucilage vesicles again by forming protuberances and by extending their contents into the respective compartment. Detached portions of mitochondria are found inside lytic compartments as a consequence of such interactions. Mitochondria found in contact with the plasma membrane reveal structural disintegration. Our study shows that interactions of organelles and vesicles are frequent events in Micrasterias cells of different ages. The interactive contacts between lytic compartments and organelles or vesicles suggest a degradation pathway different from autophagy processes described in the literature. Both the interactions between vesicles and organelles and the degradation pathways occur independently from cytoskeleton function as demonstrated by use of cytochalasin D and the microtubule inhibitor amiprophos-methyl.
|
['Cell Membrane', 'Chlorophyta', 'Cryopreservation', 'Freeze Substitution', 'Microscopy, Energy-Filtering Transmission Electron', 'Organelles', 'Pressure', 'Time Factors', 'Transport Vesicles']
| 16,159,344
|
[['A11.284.149'], ['B01.650.940.150'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160', 'E02.792.156', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160', 'E05.760.156'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160.260.270', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160.260.270', 'E02.792.156.260.270', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160.260.270', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160.260.270', 'E05.760.156.260.270'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.580.500', 'E05.196.867.838.500', 'E05.595.402.580.500'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875'], ['G01.374.715'], ['G01.910.857'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.880']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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A thermodynamic model for Nap1-histone interactions.
|
The yeast nucleosome assembly protein 1 (yNap1) plays a role in chromatin maintenance by facilitating histone exchange as well as nucleosome assembly and disassembly. It has been suggested that yNap1 carries out these functions by regulating the concentration of free histones. Therefore, a quantitative understanding of yNap1-histone interactions also provides information on the thermodynamics of chromatin. We have developed quantitative methods to study the affinity of yNap1 for histones. We show that yNap1 binds H2A/H2B and H3/H4 histone complexes with low nm affinity, and that each yNap1 dimer binds two histone fold dimers. The yNap1 tails contribute synergistically to histone binding while the histone tails have a slightly repressive effect on binding. The (H3/H4)(2) tetramer binds DNA with higher affinity than it binds yNap1.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Cycle Proteins', 'Chromatin', 'DNA', 'Dimerization', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal', 'Histones', 'Kinetics', 'Models, Biological', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Nucleosome Assembly Protein 1', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Folding', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Thermodynamics', 'Xenopus laevis']
| 18,728,017
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.167'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.180', 'D12.776.664.224', 'G05.360.160.180'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G02.206', 'G03.230'], ['G05.308.330'], ['D12.776.157.687.485', 'D12.776.660.720.485', 'D12.776.664.469'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D12.776.660'], ['D12.776.580.219.550'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G01.154.651', 'G02.111.688'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['G01.906'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.610.500.562']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Nonylphenol attenuates SOCS3 expression and M1 polarization in lipopolysaccharide-treated rat splenic macrophages.
|
Endocrine disruptors interfere with normal sexual and reproductive development of numerous organisms. Widely used in several chemical and manufacturing industries, nonylphenol (NP), a potent xenoestrogen, has the potential to perturb immune system. Using rat splenic macrophages (SMÖ) as the model system, NP-modulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response has been investigated. Our results demonstrate that NP (0.1-10 µM) attenuates catalase activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and nitric oxide (NO) synthesis in LPS-treated SMÖ in vitro. NP inhibition of LPS-induced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-êB) activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression corroborate well with attenuation of suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 (SOCS3). Besides, elevated expression of anti-inflammatory factors reveals inverse correlation with suppression of endotoxin-induced M1 polarization in NP pre-incubated cells. While LPS promotes, NP prevents ERK1/2 (extracellular-signa1-regulated kinase 1/2) phosphorylation and MEK-inhibitor abrogates SOCS3 expression and NO production suggesting involvement of ERK1/2 in NP inhibition of SOCS3 expression. Further, translational inhibitor cycloheximide prevents LPS-induced NF-êB activation indicating functional importance of de novo synthesis of SOCS3, at least in part, in toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated inflammatory response. Collectively, present study provides evidence favouring participation of SOCS3 in NP modulation of inflammatory response in rat SMÖ.
|
['Animals', 'Catalase', 'Cytokines', 'Drug Interactions', 'Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Macrophages', 'Male', 'NF-kappa B', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Phenols', 'Rats', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Spleen', 'Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Protein', 'Toll-Like Receptor 4']
| 30,870,658
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.682.732.332'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.249', 'D12.644.360.450.169', 'D12.776.476.450.169'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['D12.644.360.024.374.750', 'D12.776.157.057.249.750', 'D12.776.476.024.437.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.910.500.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Chronic copper treatment prevents the liver critical balance transcription response induced by acetaminophen.
|
The independent toxic effects of copper and acetaminophen are among the most studied topics in liver toxicity. Here, in an animal model of Cebus capucinus chronically exposed to high dietary copper, we assessed clinical and global transcriptional adaptations of the liver induced by a single high dose of acetaminophen. The experiment conditions were chosen to resemble a close to human real-life situation of exposure to both toxic stimuli. The clinical parameters and histological analyses indicated that chronic copper administration does not induce liver damage and may have a protective effect in acetaminophen challenge. Acetaminophen administration in previously non-exposed animals induced down-regulation of a complex network of gene regulators, highlighting the putative participation of the families of gene regulators HNF, FOX, PPAR and NRF controlling this process. This gene response was not observed in animals that previously received chronic oral copper, suggesting that this metal induces a transcriptional adaptation that may protect against acetaminophen toxicity, a classical adaptation response termed preconditioning of the liver.
|
['Acetaminophen', 'Animals', 'Cebus', 'Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury', 'Copper', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Protective Agents']
| 30,910,193
|
[['D02.065.199.092.040', 'D02.092.146.113.092.040'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.600.150.170.120'], ['C06.552.100', 'C25.100.562', 'C25.723.260'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D27.505.696.706', 'D27.720.799']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Quantitative analysis of hTERT mRNA levels in cells microdissected from cytological specimens.
|
Clinicians frequently require cytopathological assessment of tumor samples for preoperative diagnosis, but in some specimens, diagnosis remains inconclusive after cytological examination. To date, several molecular markers, including human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), have been assessed for the ability to detect malignancy. However, analyses using whole cytological specimens are generally affected by contamination of untargeted cells. The present study investigated the feasibility of more sensitive examination by quantitative mRNA analysis of target cells microdissected from cytological specimens. Laser capture microdissection (LCM) was used to obtain target cells from cytological specimens. hTERT mRNA levels were then measured in target cells by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). The effect of RNA fragmentation on qRT-PCR was also assessed. Total RNA from cytological specimens was sometimes fragmented to a large degree. To avoid the effect of RNA fragmentation, gene specific priming and PCR primers generating short PCR products were used and no difference in delta Ct values between fragmented and non-fragmented RNA were found. hTERT mRNA levels were measured in cells microdissected from 33 cytological specimens. The levels of hTERT mRNA were significantly higher in malignant cases compared to those in non-malignant cases (P = 0.0003). The sensitivity was 96.2%, even when the specificities were 100%. High levels of hTERT mRNA were also found in three cases that were not diagnosed as malignant by cytological examination. Quantitative assessment of hTERT mRNA levels in cells microdissected from cytological specimens is a potential diagnostic tool to potentiate cytological examination in diagnosing malignancy.
|
['Cell Line, Tumor', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'RNA, Messenger', 'RNA, Neoplasm', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Telomerase']
| 18,795,940
|
[['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D13.444.735.615'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300.750.750', 'D12.776.157.687.613', 'D12.776.157.725.500.921', 'D12.776.660.720.613', 'D12.776.664.962.500.921']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Development, characterization, and functional activity of a panel of specific monoclonal antibodies to inner core lipopolysaccharide epitopes in Neisseria meningitidis.
|
A panel of six murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) recognizing inner core lipopolysaccharide (LPS) epitopes of Neisseria meningitidis was prepared and characterized in order to determine the diversity of inner core LPS glycoforms among disease and carrier isolates. Two of these MAbs, L2-16 (immunoglobulin G2b [IgG2b]) and LPT3-1 (IgG2a), together with a third, previously described MAb, L3B5 (IgG3), showed reactivity, either individually or in combination, with all except 3 of 143 disease and carriage isolates (125 of 126 strains from blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or skin biopsy samples and 15 of 17 from nasopharyngeal cultures). MAbs L3B5, L2-16, and LPT3-1 were further characterized in an indirect immunofluorescence assay. All three MAbs bound to the bacterial cell surface, findings that correlated strongly with whole-cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunodot blots. However, in contrast to our findings with L3B5, cell surface binding of L2-16 or LPT 3-1 did not correlate with functional activity as determined by bactericidal or infant rat passive protection assays against wild-type N. meningitidis strains. These findings are provocative with respect to the requirements for protective activity of antibodies and the development of inner core LPS vaccines against invasive meningococcal disease.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Blood Bactericidal Activity', 'Cross Reactions', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Epitopes', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect', 'Humans', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Meningitis, Meningococcal', 'Models, Molecular', 'Neisseria meningitidis, Serogroup B', 'Neisseria meningitidis, Serogroup C', 'Opsonin Proteins', 'Phagocytosis', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar']
| 14,688,137
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['G09.188.100', 'G12.450.564.204'], ['G12.122.281'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['D23.050.550'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240.310', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240.310', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240.310', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240.310', 'E05.478.583.375.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['C01.150.252.223.500.750', 'C01.150.252.400.625.549.449', 'C01.207.180.500.750', 'C10.228.228.180.500.750', 'C10.228.614.280.505'], ['E05.599.595'], ['B03.440.400.425.550.550.641.710', 'B03.660.075.525.520.500.710'], ['B03.440.400.425.550.550.641.720', 'B03.660.075.525.520.500.720'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.767', 'D12.776.124.486.657', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.767', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.767'], ['G04.417.350', 'G09.188.665', 'G12.450.564.809', 'G12.688'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Stress, Immune Function and Collegiate Holiday Drinking: A Pilot Study.
|
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Social aspects of collegiate holiday drinking have been studied frequently, but physiological consequences are often overlooked. This study examined self-reported stress, endocrine and immune indicators in students at an American university before and after their week-long spring break (SB) holiday.METHODS: Participants (n = 27; 9 males) provided saliva samples and completed surveys pre- and post-SB. Based on their cortisol reaction to SB, participants were grouped as cortisol nonresponders (CNR; n = 14) or increasers (CI; n = 13). Groups were matched on demographics, baseline alcohol use, family history of alcoholism, and SB plans. Differences over time and between groups were examined for á-amylase, quantity/frequency of alcohol use (quantity/frequency index, QFI) and the immunoglobulin A (IgA) to albumin ratio (IgA:albumin).RESULTS: á-Amylase decreased over time. A time ? group interaction was noted for QFI, in which CNRs increased drinking over SB, but CIs did not. Time and time ? group effects occurred for IgA:albumin. CIs decreased IgA:albumin over SB, whereas CNRs did not. Pre-SB QFI and pre-/post-SB QFI changes were correlated with changes in IgA:albumin.CONCLUSION: These findings support previously published relationships between blunted cortisol responses and risk for problem drinking, as well as elevated cortisol and decreased immune response. These data also highlight the importance of physiological measures in the study of collegiate holiday drinking.
|
['Albumins', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Holidays', 'Humans', 'Hydrocortisone', 'Immunoglobulin A', 'Male', 'Pilot Projects', 'Saliva', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Students', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Universities', 'alpha-Amylases']
| 26,304,312
|
[['D12.776.034'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['I03.450.345'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.600', 'D06.472.040.585.353.476', 'D06.472.040.585.478.392'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.026', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.026', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.026'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['A12.200.666'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['M01.848'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['I02.783.830', 'J03.832.830'], ['D08.811.277.450.066.050']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Coherence masking protection for mid-frequency formants by adults and children.
|
Coherence masking protection (CMP) refers to the phenomenon in which a target formant is labeled at lower signal-to-noise levels when presented with a stable cosignal consisting of two other formants than when presented alone. This effect has been reported primarily for adults with first-formant (F1) targets and F2/F3 cosignals, but has also been found for children, in fact in greater magnitude. In this experiment, F2 was the target and F1/F3 was the cosignal. Results showed similar effects for each age group as had been found for F1 targets. Implications for auditory prostheses for listeners with hearing loss are discussed.
|
['Acoustic Stimulation', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Audiometry, Speech', 'Auditory Threshold', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Humans', 'Noise', 'Perceptual Masking', 'Signal Detection, Psychological', 'Sound Spectrography', 'Speech Acoustics', 'Speech Perception', 'Young Adult']
| 22,088,030
|
[['E02.037', 'E02.190.888.030', 'E05.723.136'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['E01.370.382.375.060.060'], ['F02.463.593.071.173', 'F02.463.593.710.190', 'G07.888.125.173'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.750.770.776.567', 'G16.500.275.600', 'N06.230.400', 'N06.850.460.610'], ['F02.463.593.071.594', 'F02.463.593.932.733', 'G07.888.125.594'], ['E01.370.685.814', 'E05.796.908', 'F02.463.593.257.800', 'F02.463.593.710.725', 'F04.096.753.814', 'F04.669.908'], ['E05.855'], ['G11.561.812.650', 'G11.561.820'], ['F02.463.593.071.875', 'G07.888.125.875'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Study on the relationship between tumor regression grade and lymph node regression grade].
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between tumor regression grade (TRG) and lymph node regression grade (LRG) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for rectal cancer and its clinical implication.METHODS: Clinicopathological data of 176 rectal cancer patients undergoing radical excision after neoadjuvant CRT from January 2005 to December 2013 in our department were retrospectively analyzed.INCLUSION CRITERIA: (1) Radiology indicated locally advanced low rectal cancer and patients had strong desire to preserve the sphincter before neoadjuvant CRT; (2) there was no definite metastatic lesion before neoadjuvant CRT; (3) patients received whole course of neoadjuvant CRT (regular radiotherapy plus synchronous fluorouracil-like drugs chemotherapy); (4) patients underwent radical operation after neoadjuvant CRT. Patients with short-course CRT and emergency surgery were excluded. TRG and LRG of postoperative specimens (including tumor and lymph nodes) were carried out based on the percentage of the fibrosis and the cancer residue. No cancer residue was defined as TRG1 and LRG1; rare cancer cell residue as TRG2 and LRG2; fibrosis growth over residual cancer as TRG3 and LRG3; residual cancer growth over fibrosis as TRG4 and LRG4; absence of regressive changes as TRG5 and LRG5; and normal lymph nodes as LRG0. Spearman correlation test was used to assess the correlation between TRG and LRG.RESULTS: Of 176 patients, 111 were men and 65 were women. The mean age was (53.9±13.0) years. The number of patients with stage I(, II(, and III( before operation was 10, 49 and 62 while other 55 patients were unknown. Transabdominal low anterior resection (LAR) was performed in 118 cases and abdominal-perineal resection(APR) in 47 cases following the principle of total mesorectal excision (TME). Postoperative pathology of specimens revealed that the number of patients from TRG1 to TRG5 was 19 (10.8%), 25 (14.2%), 66 (37.5%), 47 (26.7%), 19 (10.8%), and from LRG0 to LRG5 was 35 (19.9%), 68 (38.6%), 10 (5.7%), 14 (8.0%), 15(8.5%), 34 (19.3%), respectively. TRG was correlated to LRG (P=0.005) while the Spearman correlation coefficient was only 0.24. The analysis of subgroup without LRG1 also showed that TRG was correlated to LRG(P=0.0005) and the Spearman correlation coefficient was 0.40.CONCLUSIONS: TRG can not represent LRG. Therefore, both TRG and LRG should be assessed when evaluating the response of rectal cancer to neoadjuvant CRT.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymph Nodes', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoadjuvant Therapy', 'Neoplasm Grading', 'Rectal Neoplasms', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 28,900,999
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.186.079.500', 'E02.319.164.500', 'E02.815.160.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A10.549.400', 'A15.382.520.604.412'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.186.450'], ['E01.789.612'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.790', 'C06.301.371.411.307.790', 'C06.405.249.411.307.790', 'C06.405.469.491.307.790', 'C06.405.469.860.180.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[The bacterial flora of the hairy skin and the rumen contents of veal calves. A prospective study].
|
A prospective study of the bacterial flora of the haircoat, rumen contents and interdigital skin was done as part of investigations on the contamination and prevention of contamination of carcases and livestock products of veal calves in the slaughter line. These constitute a source of contamination of the meat during slaughter. Twenty calves were studied. The coats of these calves were found to be severely contaminated by bacteria of faecal origin. In addition to enterobacteriaceae showing multiple resistance to antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents, large numbers of pseudomonadaceae and Lancefield D streptococci were present in the rumen contents. Small numbers of lactobacilli were identified in the rumen contents. It is concluded that they may have detrimental effects on the safety and quality of the veal and carcases.
|
['Animals', 'Bacteria', 'Cattle', 'Food Microbiology', 'Gastrointestinal Contents', 'Meat', 'Prospective Studies', 'Rumen', 'Skin']
| 3,212,761
|
[['B01.050'], ['B03'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.332', 'J01.576.423.850.730.500.249.300', 'N06.850.425.200', 'N06.850.460.400.300', 'N06.850.601.500.249.300'], ['A12.519'], ['G07.203.300.600', 'J02.500.600'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['A13.869.804'], ['A17.815']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Continuous focusing of biological particles by continuous immuno magnetic sorter: technique and applications.
|
We have developed a device for continuous deviation-mode, open-gradient fractionation of strongly magnetizable particles based on an electrophoresis counter-flow chamber. A mixture of magnetically labeled and nonlabeled particles can be injected into a given continuously flowing chamber buffer. The particles pass the inhomogeneous magnetic field of the open-gradient electromagnet in two narrow streams. According to the magnetic moments, induced by the magnetic field, magnetically labeled particles are deviated. The nonlabeled particles pass the magnetic field with negligible interaction. The deviated particles are focused into a stream that is completely separated from the streams of the nondeviated particles. The streams are fractionated by the counter-flow technique and collected in different vials. A high sorting purity, depending only on the specificity of the antibodies or similar labeling techniques, and a high through-put rate of up to 10(9) particles per hour was achieved. This was experimentally shown both by test particles and blood cells. The vital conditions of these blood cells were maintained by magnetic sorting.
|
['B-Lymphocytes', 'Cell Survival', 'Humans', 'Immunomagnetic Separation']
| 7,588,563
|
[['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['G04.346'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.437', 'E05.200.500.363.441', 'E05.242.363.441']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of sustained dietary ethanol on the ultrastructure of the visceral yolk-sac placenta of the rat.
|
The present investigation reports ultrastructural alterations in endodermal epithelial cells of the rat visceral yolk-sac placenta that accompany alcohol-induced changes in intracellular trafficking of endocytosed maternal serum proteins. Fine structural changes include restructuring of mitochondrial cristae (foliate to vesicular and tubular forms), beading of cisterns of granular endoplasmic reticulum, hypertrophy and hyperplasia of Golgi elements, differentiation of the Golgi membranes to a GERL configuration, and a notable increase in numbers of primary lysosomes. Such changes in ultrastructure suggest that exposure of this developing maternofetal exchange system to high levels of ethanol in maternal blood increases the production of primary lysosomes near term for proteolysis of maternal serum proteins within the visceral yolk-sac epithelium. Near term, targeting of endocytosed protein to secondary lysosomes for proteolysis appears to be augmented; transcellular routing of maternal protein (e.g., IgG) for placental transport may be impeded. Thus significance of the observed changes in the fine structure of this placenta may relate to the mechanism(s) of action of maternal alcohol consumption on the acquisition of neonatal immunity, intrauterine growth retardation, and the production of congenital malformations.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Proteins', 'Cell Membrane', 'Endocytosis', 'Epithelium', 'Ethanol', 'Female', 'Golgi Apparatus', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Placenta', 'Pregnancy', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Teratogens', 'Yolk Sac']
| 2,278,029
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124'], ['A11.284.149'], ['G04.417'], ['A10.272'], ['D02.033.375'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.336'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['A16.710'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D27.888.569.864'], ['A10.615.284.981', 'A16.254.750.981', 'A16.331.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
PCR-based study of the presence of Y-chromosome sequences in patients with Ullrich-Turner syndrome.
|
The presence of Y chromosome sequences in Ullrich-Turner syndrome (UTS) patients has been suggested in previous work. Karyotype analysis estimated at about 60% of patients with a 45, X constitution and molecular analysis (Southern blot analysis with several Y chromosome probes and PCR of specific sequences) identified the presence of Y chromosome material in about 40% of 45, X patients. We have developed a very sensitive, PCR-based method to detect Y specific sequences in DNA from UTS patients. This protocol permits the detection of a single cell carrying a Y sequence among 10(5) Y-negative cells. We studied 18 UTS patients with 4 Y-specific sequences. In 11 patients we detected a positive amplification for at least one Y sequence. The existence of a simple and sensitive method for the detection of Y sequences has important implications for UTS patients, in view of the risk for some of the females carrying Y-chromosome material of developing gonadoblastoma and virilization. Additionally, some of the UTS associated phenotypes, such as renal anomalies, could be correlated with the presence of Y chromosome specific sequences.
|
['Adolescent', 'Base Sequence', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'DNA Primers', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Karyotyping', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Turner Syndrome', 'Y Chromosome']
| 7,677,140
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E01.370.225.500.385.315', 'E05.200.500.385.315', 'E05.242.385.315', 'E05.393.285.475'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['C12.706.316.309.872', 'C12.706.316.795.750', 'C13.351.875.253.309.872', 'C13.351.875.253.795.750', 'C14.240.400.980', 'C14.280.400.980', 'C16.131.240.400.970', 'C16.131.260.830.835.750', 'C16.131.939.316.309.872', 'C16.131.939.316.795.750', 'C16.320.180.830.835.750', 'C19.391.119.309.872', 'C19.391.119.795.750'], ['A11.284.187.865.983', 'G05.360.162.865.983']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
ASL perfusion MRI predicts cognitive decline and conversion from MCI to dementia.
|
We compared the predictive value of cerebral perfusion as measured by arterial-spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging (ASL-MRI) with MRI-derived hippocampal volume for determining future cognitive and functional decline and subsequent conversion from mild cognitive impairment to dementia. Forty-eight mild cognitive impairment subjects received structural and ASL-MRI scans at baseline and clinical and neuropsychologic assessments annually. Thirteen subjects became demented during the period of longitudinal observation (2.7+/-1.0 y). Cox regression analyses suggest that baseline hippocampal volume [relative risk (RR)=0.99, P=0.004], baseline right inferior parietal (RR=0.64, P=0.01) and right middle frontal (RR=0.73, P=0.01) perfusion were associated with conversion to dementia. Results from linear mixed effects modeling suggest that baseline perfusion from the right precuneus predicted subsequent declines in Clinical Dementia Rating Sum of Boxes (P=0.002), Functional Activates Questionnaire (P=0.01), and selective attention (ie, Stroop switching, P=0.009) whereas baseline perfusion from the right middle frontal cortex predicted subsequent episodic memory decline (ie, total recognition discriminability score from the California Verbal Learning Test, P=0.03). These results suggest that hypoperfusion as detected by ASL-MRI can predict subsequent clinical, functional, and cognitive decline and may be useful for identifying candidates for future Alzheimer disease treatment trials.
|
['Aged', 'Brain', 'Cerebrovascular Circulation', 'Cognition Disorders', 'Dementia', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Spin Labels']
| 20,220,321
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['A08.186.211'], ['G09.330.100.159'], ['F03.615.250'], ['C10.228.140.380', 'F03.615.400'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['D02.389.678']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[The effect of intravenous administration of arginine and glycine on the blood plasma content of glucose, insulin, free fatty acids and total alpha-amino-N-compounds in lambs of different ages].
|
Intravenous infusion of 0.5 mmol/kg B.W. to lambs aged eight to 14, 15 to 21, 22 to 28, and 29 to 35 days led to higher blood plasma levels of insulin and total alpha-amino-N. Rises were stronger and longer lasting after infusion of 1.25 mmol/kg B.W. of arginine. Blood plasma levels of glucose and free fatty acids were temporarily decreased in response to infusion. Infusion to lambs aged between eight and 14 days of 0.5 mmol/kg B.W. of glycin did not change insulin, glucose nor free fatty acids, though total alpha-amino-N was very slightly increased for very short time. Infusion of 1.25 mmol/kg B.W. of glycin proved less effective than that of arginine with regard to higher levels of insulin and total alpha-amino-N.
|
['Aging', 'Animals', 'Arginine', 'Blood Glucose', 'Fatty Acids, Nonesterified', 'Glycine', 'Insulin', 'Sheep']
| 2,241,479
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.125.068.050', 'D12.125.095.104', 'D12.125.142.087'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['D10.251.310'], ['D12.125.481'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Quantitative fluorogenic PCR assay for measuring ovine herpesvirus 2 replication in sheep.
|
A fluorogenic PCR specific for ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2) DNA was developed and compared to a previously established conventional seminested PCR. Testing of a total of 152 blood samples from both positive and negative animals revealed that the results of both assays corresponded to each other in 100% of the cases. A second fluorogenic PCR for genomic sheep DNA was required to normalize the quantity of viral DNA in the sample. Separate standard curves had to be constructed for each PCR. The analytical sensitivity of the new PCRs ranged between at least 10 copies and sometimes even 1 copy of target DNA per reaction mixture. In dilution series of the target DNAs, linear decreases of the signals were observed over 7 orders of magnitude. Thus, it was possible to calculate the amounts of viral DNA in relation to the amounts of cellular DNA by normalizing the absolute quantity of OvHV-2 DNA with the amount of genomic sheep DNA. By this technique, it was possible for the first time to quantitatively characterize the course of OvHV-2 replication in naturally infected sheep.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'DNA, Viral', 'Goats', 'Herpesviridae', 'Herpesviridae Infections', 'Linear Models', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Sheep', 'Virus Replication']
| 11,139,205
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.513'], ['B04.280.382'], ['C01.925.256.466'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Preliminary results of small arterial substitute performed with a new cylindrical biomaterial composed of bacterial cellulose.
|
OBJECTIVE: Tissue-engineered blood vessels (TEBVs) represent an innovative approach for overcoming reconstructive problems associated with extended vascular diseases by providing small-calibre vascular grafts. This study aimed to evaluate a novel biomaterial of bacterially synthesised cellulose (BC) as a potential scaffold for TEBV.METHODS: Highly crystalline cellulose was produced by a bacterium (Acetobacter xylinum) using glucose as a source of carbon. Using a patented process, hollow-shaped segments of BC were created with a length of 10mm, an inner diameter of 3.0-3.7mm and a wall thickness of 0.6-1.0mm. These grafts were used to replace the carotid arteries of eight pigs, and after a follow-up period of 3 months, the grafts were removed and analysed, both macro- and microscopically.RESULTS: Seven grafts (87.5%) remained patent, whereas one graft was found to be occluded. Scanning electron microscopic examination revealed rapid re-cellularisation by recipient endothelial cells. Light microscopic examination showed a three-layered wall structure of the BC segments, with cellulose still being present in the media.CONCLUSION: These data indicate that the innovative BC-engineering technique results in the production of stable vascular conduits, which exhibit attractive properties for their use in future TEBV programmes for vascular surgery.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Vessel Prosthesis', 'Carotid Arteries', 'Carotid Stenosis', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cellulose', 'Coated Materials, Biocompatible', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Gluconacetobacter xylinus', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Prosthesis Design', 'Swine', 'Tissue Engineering', 'Tissue Scaffolds']
| 19,231,251
|
[['B01.050'], ['E07.695.110'], ['A07.015.114.186'], ['C10.228.140.300.200.360', 'C14.907.137.230', 'C14.907.253.123.360'], ['G04.022'], ['D05.750.078.562.180', 'D09.698.365.180', 'D25.720.099.500', 'J01.637.051.720.099.500'], ['D25.130.420', 'J01.637.051.130.420'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['B03.440.400.425.365.500', 'B03.660.050.755.050.400.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['E05.320.550', 'E07.695.680'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['E05.481.500.311.500', 'J01.293.069.249.500'], ['E07.206.627', 'E07.695.825']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Investigation on the number of ancient medical books collected in Haiyuan Private Library].
|
Yang's Haiyuan Private Library in Liaocheng City, Shandong Province, is the only extant one among the four famous private libraries of the Qing dynasty in Northern China. Its collection is ample and graceful and especially rich in rare and secret versions, amounting to over 2 000 kinds, 200- thousand volumes. By sorting out 5 kinds of such collections from the Yang's family catalogue of Liaocheng in Shandong, plus 3 kinds of supplemented catalogue by Wang Shaozeng, the Catalogue of Haiyuan Private Library Collected in Shandong Provincial Library, and catalogues of modern scholars, it can be basically identified that the number of medical collections of Yang's Haiyuan Private Library is 87 kinds. Supposing all kinds contain 112 works, then Haiyuan Private Library totally has 1296 volumes according to the catalogues.
|
['Books', 'History, Medieval', 'Medicine, Chinese Traditional']
| 26,420,415
|
[['L01.178.682.192'], ['K01.400.500'], ['E02.190.488.585.520', 'I01.076.201.450.654.558.520']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Neuropathological lesions in experimental lead toxicosis of dogs.
|
Light microscopical examinations were carried out on the central and peripheral nervous systems of 9 dogs maintained on a high-fat-low-calcium diet and dosed orally with a mixture of lead chloride, lead bromide and lead sulphate. Microscopic lesions were present in 7 (78 per cent) of the lead-treated dogs. Cerebrocortical lesions comprising spongiosis, vascular hypertrophy and gliosis predominated. These lesions were bilateral, had a predilection for gyri and were located mainly in the parietal and frontal cortex. There were bilaterally symmetrical spongiform changes in the brain stem. The cerebellum had spongiform changes in the roof nuclei and in the lingula there was spongiosis of the Purkinje cell layer and vacuolation of Purkinje cells. Axonal degeneration was evident in a sciatic nerve of one dog. In a second experiment, designed to study the early ultrastructural changes in the brains of dogs with lead intoxication, 2 groups of dogs, one on a commercial balanced diet and the other fed a high-fat-low-calcium diet, were given similar amounts of lead. Cytoplasmic accumulation of lipid was found in the cerebrovascular pericytes of all dogs treated with lead but vascular changes were otherwise not obvious. Quantitative evaluation of numbers of blood vessels by light microscopy revealed an apparent increase in all dogs receiving lead. This increase in vascularity was greatest in the dogs fed the high-fat-low-calcium diet.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Vessels', 'Brain', 'Cerebrovascular Circulation', 'Dog Diseases', 'Dogs', 'Lead', 'Lead Poisoning', 'Nervous System']
| 6,736,309
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015'], ['A08.186.211'], ['G09.330.100.159'], ['C22.268'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['D01.268.556.435', 'D01.552.544.435'], ['C25.723.522.750'], ['A08']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Verrucous carcinoma of the scalp associated with human papillomavirus type 33.
|
BACKGROUND: Verrucous carcinoma (VC) is a low-grade, well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the skin or mucosae, and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been considered to be one of the causative factors of VC at three main sites, including the oral cavity, the genitoanal region, and the foot. However, the relationship between cutaneous VC at other sites and HPV infection remains obscure.OBJECTIVE: We describe a rare case of cutaneous VC originating in a burn scar on the scalp and our attempt to find HPV infection in the lesion.METHODS: We investigated the presence of HPV by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms and immunohistochemical analysis.RESULTS: HPV type 33 was detected in the lesion, and positive stains for HPV were observed in several cell nuclei at the upper stratum malpighi.CONCLUSION: Since HPV type 33, as well as HPV types 16 and 18, is regarded as a high-risk, mucosal type, HPV type 33 infection likely contributed to the development of the lesion. We suggest that HPV infection should be relevant to a subset of cutaneous VC.
|
['Aged, 80 and over', 'Carcinoma, Verrucous', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Oncogene Proteins, Viral', 'Papillomavirus Infections', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length', 'Scalp', 'Skin Neoplasms', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 16,188,198
|
[['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C04.557.470.200.450', 'C04.557.470.700.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D12.776.624.664.520', 'D12.776.964.700'], ['C01.925.256.650', 'C01.925.928.725'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G05.365.795.595'], ['A01.456.810'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Spatial contiguity, not cue-to-consequence, is the issue in taste-potentiated noise-illness associations: comment on Holder, Bermudez-Rattoni, and Garcia (1988).
|
Holder, Bermudez-Rattoni, and Garcia (1988) allege to have failed to corroborate findings from our laboratory (Ellins, Cramer, & Whitmore, 1985; Ellins & von Kluge, 1987) that taste-potentiated noise-illness associations can be established under conditions of spatial contiguity. We maintain that Holder et al. have provided additional experimental support for our contention that spatial contiguity is an important factor in the taste-potentiation of nongustatory stimuli. In addition, we take issue with their conclusion that the results of our research are incompatible with the conditioning principle of cue-to-consequence.
|
['Animals', 'Arousal', 'Association Learning', 'Avoidance Learning', 'Conditioning, Classical', 'Cues', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Noise', 'Orientation', 'Rats', 'Taste']
| 2,317,281
|
[['B01.050'], ['F02.830.104', 'G11.561.035'], ['F02.463.425.069.296'], ['F02.463.425.097', 'F02.463.785.373.173'], ['F02.463.425.179.308'], ['F02.463.425.234'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['G01.750.770.776.567', 'G16.500.275.600', 'N06.230.400', 'N06.850.460.610'], ['F01.058.577', 'F02.830.606'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['F02.830.816.724', 'G11.561.790.724']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Genes involved in immunity to and secretion of aureocin A53, an atypical class II bacteriocin produced by Staphylococcus aureus A53.
|
Aureocin A53 is an antimicrobial peptide produced by Staphylococcus aureus A53. The genetic determinants involved in aureocin A53 production and immunity to its action are organized in at least four transcriptional units encoded by the 10.4-kb plasmid pRJ9. One transcriptional unit carries only the bacteriocin structural gene, aucA. No immunity gene is found downstream of aucA, as part of the same transcriptional unit. Further downstream of aucA is found an operon which contains the three genes aucEFG, whose products seem to associate to form a dedicated ABC transporter. When aucEFG were expressed in RN4220, an aureocin A53-sensitive S. aureus strain, this strain became partially resistant to the bacteriocin. A gene disruption mutant in aucE was defective in aureocin A53 externalization and more sensitive to aureocin A53 than the wild-type strain, showing that aucEFG are involved in immunity to aureocin A53 by active extrusion of the bacteriocin. Full resistance to aureocin A53 was exhibited by transformants carrying, besides aucEFG, the operon formed by two genes, aucIB and aucIA, located between aucA and aucEFG and carried in the opposite strand. AucIA and AucIB share similarities with hypothetical proteins not found in the gene clusters of other bacteriocins. A gene disruption mutant in orf8, located upstream of aucA and whose product exhibits about 50% similarity to a number of hypothetical membrane proteins found in many Gram-positive bacteria, was strongly affected in aureocin A53 externalization but resistant to aureocin A53, suggesting that Orf8 is also involved in aureocin A53 secretion.
|
['ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters', 'Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Bacteriocins', 'Base Sequence', 'Escherichia coli', 'Gene Expression', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Mutation', 'Open Reading Frames', 'Operon', 'Peptides', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Staphylococcus aureus']
| 22,155,775
|
[['D12.776.157.530.100', 'D12.776.395.550.020', 'D12.776.543.550.192', 'D12.776.543.585.100'], ['D12.644.050', 'D12.776.543.695.054'], ['D12.776.097'], ['D12.776.097.151', 'D12.776.543.695.110'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.297'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.360.335.760.640', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.650'], ['G05.360.340.024.686', 'G05.360.340.358.207.500'], ['D12.644'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Second-line tests in the differential diagnosis of ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome.
|
INTRODUCTION: Diagnosing Cushing's syndrome (CS) can be a challenge, especially in ACTH-dependent CS, when it comes to detecting the origin of ACTH secretion.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective data were collected on 170 patients with ACTH-dependent CS (149 CD, 21 EAS) referring to two endocrinology units, focusing on three non-invasive tests: dexamethasone 8 mg overnight challenge (HDDST); corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) assay and the desmopressin (DDAVP) test.RESULTS: Patients with EAS were slightly older and had higher ACTH, serum and urinary cortisol levels than patients with CD (p < 0.01). CD patients had a stronger ACTH and cortisol response after CRH injection (p < 0.0001), and a more pronounced reduction in cortisol levels after HDDST (p < 0.0001). A threshold percentage ACTH increase after CRH stimulation of 72.4 % was able to identify CD with a sensitivity (SE) of 76 % (95 % CI 68-83) and a specificity (SP) of 100 % (95 % CI 83-100). As for HDDST, a cortisol suppression >52.7 % below the basal level suggested a pituitary origin with a SE of 88 % (95 % CI 81-93) and a SP of 90 % (95 % CI 68-99). There were no cases of EAS with positive responses to both these tests. Increases in ACTH and cortisol levels after the DDAVP test were also higher in CD than in EAS (p < 0.01), though the SE and SP were lower.CONCLUSIONS: Patients with CD showed a stronger response to HDDST and CRH, and the adopted cut-offs showed a good SE and SP in discriminating them from patients with EAS. Concordant tests indicated CD when positive, whereas no response to either test was highly suggestive of EAS. The DDAVP test was of limited utility in the diagnostic phase. In conclusion, the choice of tests may play an important part in the differential diagnosis of ACTH-dependent CS.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone', 'Cushing Syndrome', 'Deamino Arginine Vasopressin', 'Dexamethasone', 'Diagnostic Techniques, Endocrine', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuroimaging', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Young Adult']
| 27,236,452
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D06.472.699.327.740.140', 'D12.644.400.400.740.140', 'D12.644.548.365.740.140', 'D12.776.631.650.405.740.140'], ['C19.053.800.367'], ['D06.472.699.631.692.781.100.250', 'D12.644.400.900.100.250', 'D12.644.456.925.100.250', 'D12.644.548.691.692.781.100.250', 'D12.776.631.650.937.100.250'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.344', 'D04.210.500.908.238'], ['E01.370.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.578', 'E01.370.376.537', 'E05.629'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Germline MSH6 mutations are more prevalent in endometrial cancer patient cohorts than hereditary non polyposis colorectal cancer cohorts.
|
OBJECTIVE: To determine and compare the prevalence of MSH6 (a mismatch repair gene) mutations in a cohort of families with Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer (HNPCC), and in an unselected cohort of endometrial cancer patients (EC).DESIGN: Two patient cohorts participated in the study. A cohort of HNPCC families who were known to the Regional Medical Genetics department, and an unselected cohort of patients with a history of EC. All participants received genetic counselling on the implications of molecular testing, and blood was taken for DNA extraction with consent. All samples underwent sequencing and Multiple Ligation probe analysis (MLPA) for mutations in MSH6.POPULATIONS: DNA from one hundred and forty-three probands from HNPCC families and 125 patients with EC were included in the study.METHODS: Molecular analysis of DNA in all participants from both cohorts for mutations in MSH6.OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of pathogenic mutations in MSH6.RESULTS: A truncating mutation in MSH6 was identified in 3.8% (95% CI 1.0-9.5%) of patients in the endometrial cancer cohort, and 2.6% (95% CI 0.5-7.4%) of patients in the HNPCC cohort. A missense mutation was identified in 2.9% and 4.4% of the same cohorts respectively. No genomic rearrangements in MSH6 were identified.CONCLUSION: MSH6 mutations are more common in EC patients than HNPCC families. Genomic rearrangements do not contribute to a significant proportion of mutations in MSH6, but missense variants are relatively common and their pathogenicity can be uncertain. HNPCC families may be ascertained through an individual presenting with EC, and recognition of these families is important so that appropriate cancer surveillance can be put in place.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Endometrial Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Genetic Counseling', 'Germ-Line Mutation', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Northern Ireland', 'Prevalence', 'Risk Factors']
| 18,269,114
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.190', 'C04.700.250', 'C06.301.371.411.307.190', 'C06.405.249.411.307.190', 'C06.405.469.158.356.190', 'C06.405.469.491.307.190', 'C16.320.700.250', 'C18.452.284.255'], ['D12.776.260'], ['C04.588.945.418.948.585', 'C13.351.500.852.762.200', 'C13.351.937.418.875.200'], ['H01.158.273.343.385.500.384', 'N02.421.308.400'], ['G05.365.590.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.542.363.602'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A method for estimating wage, using standardised occupational classifications, for use in medical research in the place of self-reported income.
|
BACKGROUND: Income is predictive of many health outcomes and is therefore an important potential confounder to control for in studies. However it is often missing or poorly measured in epidemiological studies because of its complexity and sensitivity. This paper presents and validates an alternative approach to the survey collection of reported income through the estimation of a synthetic wage measure based on occupation.METHODS: A synthetic measure of weekly wage was calculated using a multilevel random effects model of wage predicted by a Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) fitted in data from the UK Labour Force Survey (years 2001-2010)a. The estimates were validated and tested by comparing them to reported income and then contrasting estimated and reported income's association with measures of health in the Scottish Health Survey (SHS) 2003 and wave one (2009) of the UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS).RESULTS: The synthetic estimates provided independent and additional explanatory power within models containing other traditional proxies for socio-economic position such as social class and small area based measures of socio-economic position. The estimates behaved very similarly to 'real', reported measures of both household and individual income when modelling a measure of 'general health'.CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that occupation based synthetic estimates of wage are as effective in capturing the underlying relationship between income and health as survey reported income. The paper argues that the direct survey measurement of income in every study may not actually be necessary or indeed optimal.
|
['Algorithms', 'Biomedical Research', 'Employment', 'Family Characteristics', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Occupations', 'Salaries and Fringe Benefits', 'Scotland', 'Self Report', 'Social Class', 'Statistics as Topic']
| 24,779,534
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['H01.770.644.145'], ['N01.824.245'], ['F01.829.263.315', 'I01.240.361', 'I01.880.853.150.423', 'N01.224.361', 'N01.824.308', 'N06.850.505.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['N01.824.547'], ['N01.824.417.700', 'N04.452.677.800'], ['Z01.542.363.766'], ['E05.318.308.980.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.500'], ['I01.880.853.996.755', 'N01.824.782'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Germline TP53 mutation spectrum in Sudanese premenopausal breast cancer patients: correlations with reproductive factors.
|
PURPOSE: The role of non-genetic factors as modifiers of TP53-related hereditary breast cancer (BC) risk is debated. In this regard, little is known about the impact of germline TP53 mutations on BC in sub-Saharan Africa, where the disease often presents in non-contraceptive multiparous premenopausal women with extended history of breastfeeding. Herein, we report the germline TP53 mutations found in a series of 92 Sudanese premenopausal BC patients characterized for reproductive history.METHODS: The entire TP53 coding sequence, including intron-exon boundaries and UTRs, was analyzed via DHPLC and direct sequencing, and the association of TP53 genotypes with BC risk and with individual lifetime exposures to reproductive factors was investigated with statistical tools.RESULTS: The germline TP53 mutation spectrum comprised 20 variants, 15 in the non-coding and 5 in the coding region. The latter included a deleterious missense mutation, c.817C>T (p.Arg273Cys), in a unique patient, and the common and functionally relevant coding polymorphism at amino acid 72 [Pro72Arg (rs1042522)]. The non-coding mutations included c.919+1G>A, a known deleterious splice site mutation, also in a unique patient. Notably, the 2 carriers of deleterious TP53 mutations clustered in the subset of cases with stronger reproductive history relative to childbearing age. When analyzed in comparison to population controls, the codon 72 polymorphism did not reveal associations with BC.CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that the codon 72 Arg>Pro polymorphism is not implicated in premenopausal BC susceptibility, whereas multiparity and breastfeeding might be BC risk factors for carriers of deleterious TP53 mutations.
|
['Adult', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Genetic Testing', 'Genotype', 'Germ-Line Mutation', 'Heterozygote', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Parity', 'Pregnancy', 'Premenopause', 'Reproduction', 'Reproductive History', 'Sudan', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53']
| 30,796,655
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['E01.370.225.562', 'E05.200.562', 'E05.393.435', 'N02.421.308.430', 'N02.421.726.233.221'], ['G05.380'], ['G05.365.590.350'], ['G05.380.383'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G08.686.677', 'G08.686.784.769.472', 'N06.850.490.812.600'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.157.500.812', 'G08.686.841.249.500.812'], ['G08.686.784'], ['E01.370.510.700', 'N05.715.350.575', 'N06.850.490.812'], ['Z01.058.290.120.760'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Degradation of benzotriazole and benzothiazole in treatment wetlands and by artificial sunlight.
|
Laboratory-scale experiments were performed using unsaturated subsurface-flow treatment wetlands and artificial sunlight (with and without TiO2) to study the efficiency of benzotriazole and benzothiazole removal and possible integration of these treatment methods. Transformation products in the effluent from the treatment wetlands and the artificial sunlight reactor were identified by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. The removal of benzothiazole in the vegetated treatment wetlands was 99.7%, whereas the removal of benzotriazole was 82.8%. The vegetation positively affected only the removal of benzothiazole. The major transformation products in the effluents from the treatment wetlands were methylated and hydroxylated derivatives of benzotriazole, and hydroxylated derivatives of benzothiazole. Hydroxylation was found to be the main process governing the transformation pathway for both compounds in the artificial sunlight experiment (with and without TiO2). Benzotriazole was not found to be susceptible to photodegradation in the absence of TiO2. The integration of the sunlight-induced processes (with TiO2) with subsurface-flow treatment wetlands caused further elimination of the compounds (42% for benzotriazole and 58% for benzothiazole). This was especially significant for the elimination of benzotriazole, because the removal of this compound was 96% in the coupled processes.
|
['Benzothiazoles', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Sunlight', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical', 'Wetlands']
| 27,579,873
|
[['D03.383.129.708.089', 'D03.633.100.185'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.836', 'G01.750.250.650.836', 'G01.750.770.578.836', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525', 'G16.500.750.775.525', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525'], ['E05.196.566.880'], ['D27.888.284.903.655'], ['G16.500.275.157.812', 'N06.230.124.625']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Establishment of an Australian National Genetic Heart Disease Registry.
|
A National Genetic Heart Disease Registry has recently been established, with the aim to enroll every family in Australia with a genetically determined cardiomyopathy or primary arrhythmic disorder. The Registry seeks to further our understanding of the impact and burden of disease in this population; increase awareness and provide education to health professionals and families; and establish a large cardiac genetic cohort as a resource for approved research studies. The Registry is currently recruiting families with inherited cardiomyopathies (e.g. hypertrophic cardiomyopathy) and primary arrhythmogenic disorders (e.g. long QT syndrome), with scope to expand this in the future. Affected individuals, as well as their first-degree (at-risk) family members are eligible to enroll. Participants are currently being recruited from cardiac genetics clinics in approved recruitment sites and hope to expand to other Australian centres including general cardiology practice in the future. A significant focus of the Registry is to improve understanding and create awareness of inherited heart diseases, which includes ensuring families are aware of genetic testing options and current clinical screening recommendations for at-risk family members. A Registry Advisory Committee has been established under the NHMRC Guidelines, and includes a representative from each major recruitment centre. This committee approves all decisions relating to the Registry including approval of research studies. A National Genetic Heart Disease Registry will provide a valuable resource to further our knowledge of the clinical and genetic aspects of these diseases. Since most of the current data about the prevalence, natural history and outcomes of genetic heart diseases has emanated from the United States and Europe, characterising these Australian populations will be of significant benefit, allowing for more informed and specific health care planning and resource provision.
|
['Australia', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Heart Diseases', 'Humans', 'Pedigree', 'Registries']
| 18,722,159
|
[['Z01.639.100', 'Z01.678.100.373'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['C14.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.393.673'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Lipid peroxidation levels in patients with acute brucellosis.
|
The purpose of this study was to investigate levels of lipid peroxidation, indicated by plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), with consideration of clinical status and treatment outcomes in patients with acute brucellosis. Plasma MDA levels were measured in patients with acute brucellosis and healthy subjects. Significantly higher MDA levels were detected in plasma of patients with acute brucellosis compared to controls (P<0.01). Plasma levels of MDA were significantly decreased after the brucellosis treatment (P<0.01). The results of the present study indicate for the first time that a considerable level of lipid peroxidation is involved in acute brucellosis cases and this may be of importance with respect to the understanding of disease pathogenesis and may serve as a target for treatment regime.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Blood Sedimentation', 'Brucellosis', 'C-Reactive Protein', 'Doxycycline', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lipid Peroxidation', 'Male', 'Malondialdehyde', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Rifampin', 'Streptomycin']
| 16,284,734
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.625.125', 'E05.200.625.125'], ['C01.150.252.400.167'], ['D12.776.034.145', 'D12.776.124.050.120', 'D12.776.124.486.157'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.900.200', 'D04.615.562.900.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.515', 'G03.295.531.587'], ['D02.047.700'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D03.633.400.811.700', 'D04.345.295.750.700'], ['D09.408.051.885']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Knowledge, attitude and practice of Sudanese pharmacist with regard to management of diabetes during Ramadan: A cross-sectional survey.
|
BACKGROUND: Fasting during Ramadan for some individuals with diabetes may lead to complications. Pharmacists may assist in dose adjustment and compliance with medication during Ramadan. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of Sudanese community pharmacists in the management of diabetes during Ramadan.METHOD: A cross-sectional study from April to June 2017, included 330 pharmacies in Khartoum state. The sampling technique was done by two methods using stratified and systematic methods for seven localities of Khartoum State. The community pharmacists were assessed in their knowledge about Medication regimen adjustment (MRA), diabetes risk stratification and the condition in which the fasting diabetic patient have to stop their fast.RESULTS: The total response rate was 311(94.2%), and the females were 203(65.3%). Pharmacists mean age was 27.6 (SD = 5.9), ranged between 21-62 years. Importantly, more than 75% of the Pharmacists have sufficient knowledge of both identifying high-risk individuals and whether they need to break their fasting. The practice questions answered correctly by more than 80% of pharmacists in relation to monitor blood glucose level, undergo meal planning to avoid hypoglycemia and dehydration during prolong fasting hours and to undergo meal choices to avoid postprandial hyperglycemia. Importantly, 56.9% community pharmacists advised individuals with diabetes about physical activity. The barriers that hindering the proper counseling was attributed to the Lack of knowledge (71.4%). MRA was reported as highly important by (56.6%) and extremely important by (39.2%). The confidence of knowledge about MRA was reported by 52.1%.CONCLUSION: This study showed that pharmacists had sufficient knowledge, positive attitude and good practice about diabetes management during Ramadan.
|
['Adult', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Disease Management', 'Fasting', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Hyperglycemia', 'Hypoglycemia', 'Islam', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pharmacists', 'Prognosis', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Young Adult']
| 30,641,683
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['N04.590.607'], ['F01.145.407.400', 'G07.203.650.240.587', 'G07.203.650.353.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.952'], ['C18.452.394.984'], ['K01.844.275'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['M01.526.485.780', 'N02.360.780'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cells depend on a functional glutathione de novo synthesis attributable to an enhanced loss of glutathione.
|
During the erythrocytic cycle, Plasmodium falciparum is highly dependent on an adequate thiol status for its survival. Glutathione reductase as well as de novo synthesis of GSH are responsible for the maintenance of the intracellular GSH level. The first and rate-limiting step of the synthetic pathway is catalysed by gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (gamma-GCS). Using L-buthionine-(S, R)-sulphoximine (BSO), a specific inhibitor of the gamma-GCS, we show that the infection with P. falciparum causes drastic changes in the GSH metabolism of red blood cells (RBCs). Infected RBCs lose GSH at a rate 40-fold higher than non-infected RBCs. The de novo synthesis of the tripeptide was found to be essential for parasite survival. GSH depletion by BSO inhibits the development of P. falciparum with an IC(50) of 73 microM. The effect of the drug is abolished by supplementation with GSH or GSH monoethyl ester. Our studies demonstrate that the plasmodicidal effect of the inhibitor BSO does not depend on its specificity towards its target enzyme in the parasite, but on the changed physiological needs for the metabolite GSH in the P. falciparum-infected RBCs. Therefore the depletion of GSH is proposed as a chemotherapeutic strategy for malaria, and gamma-GCS is proposed as a potential drug target.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Erythrocytes', 'Glutathione', 'Humans', 'Malaria, Falciparum', 'Plasmodium falciparum']
| 10,677,377
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.610.752.530.650', 'C01.920.875.650'], ['B01.043.075.380.611.561']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Multiple Epidermolytic Acanthomas: Rare Vulval Lesions Which May be Mistaken for Viral Warts.
|
Epidermolytic acanthoma is a rare benign lesion that most often presents as a solitary or multiple small papular lesions on the trunk, face, limbs or external male genitalia. Only a small number of cases have been reported occurring on the vulva and clinically and histologically they may mimic and be misdiagnosed as viral warts. We report 2 cases of multiple epidermolytic acanthomas localized to the vulva. Molecular tests (in situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction) showed no evidence of human papillomavirus infection and p16 staining was negative. We stress the need for pathologists to consider epidermolytic acanthoma in the differential diagnosis of multiple vulval lesions resembling viral warts.
|
['Acanthoma', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Hyperkeratosis, Epidermolytic', 'Middle Aged', 'Papillomavirus Infections', 'Skin Neoplasms', 'Vulvar Neoplasms', 'Warts']
| 30,480,645
|
[['C04.557.470.700.040', 'C04.588.805.040'], ['E01.171'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C16.131.831.512.400.375', 'C16.320.850.400.375', 'C16.614.492.400.375', 'C17.800.428.333.250.375', 'C17.800.804.512.400.375', 'C17.800.827.400.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.925.256.650', 'C01.925.928.725'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882'], ['C04.588.945.418.968', 'C13.351.500.944.819', 'C13.351.937.418.968'], ['C01.925.256.650.810', 'C01.925.825.810', 'C01.925.928.914', 'C17.800.838.790.810']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Sonic intelligence as a virtual therapeutic environment.
|
This paper reports on the results of a research project, on comparing one virtual collaborative environment with a first-person visual immersion (first-perspective interaction) and a second one where the user interacts through a sound-kinetic virtual representation of himself (avatar), as a stress-coping environment in real-life situations. Recent developments in coping research are proposing a shift from a trait-oriented approach of coping to a more situation-specific treatment. We defined as real-life situation a target-oriented situation that demands a complex coping skills inventory of high self-efficacy and internal or external "locus of control" strategies. The participants were 90 normal adults with healthy or impaired coping skills, 25-40 years of age, randomly spread across two groups. There was the same number of participants across groups and gender balance within groups. All two groups went through two phases. In Phase I, Solo, one participant was assessed using a three-stage assessment inspired by the transactional stress theory of Lazarus and the stress inoculation theory of Meichenbaum. In Phase I, each participant was given a coping skills measurement within the time course of various hypothetical stressful encounters performed in two different conditions and a control group. In Condition A, the participant was given a virtual stress assessment scenario relative to a first-person perspective (VRFP). In Condition B, the participant was given a virtual stress assessment scenario relative to a behaviorally realistic motion controlled avatar with sonic feedback (VRSA). In Condition C, the No Treatment Condition (NTC), the participant received just an interview. In Phase II, all three groups were mixed and exercised the same tasks but with two participants in pairs. The results showed that the VRSA group performed notably better in terms of cognitive appraisals, emotions and attributions than the other two groups in Phase I (VRSA, 92%; VRFP, 85%; NTC, 34%). In Phase II, the difference again favored the VRSA group against the other two. These results indicate that a virtual collaborative environment seems to be a consistent coping environment, tapping two classes of stress: (a) aversive or ambiguous situations, and (b) loss or failure situations in relation to the stress inoculation theory. In terms of coping behaviors, a distinction is made between self-directed and environment-directed strategies. A great advantage of the virtual collaborative environment with the behaviorally enhanced sound-kinetic avatar is the consideration of team coping intentions in different stages. Even if the aim is to tap transactional processes in real-life situations, it might be better to conduct research using a sound-kinetic avatar based collaborative environment than a virtual first-person perspective scenario alone. The VE consisted of two dual-processor PC systems, a video splitter, a digital camera and two stereoscopic CRT displays. The system was programmed in C++ and VRScape Immersive Cluster from VRCO, which created an artificial environment that encodes the user's motion from a video camera, targeted at the face of the users and physiological sensors attached to the body.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adult', 'Decision Making', 'Environment', 'Humans', 'Intelligence', 'Sound', 'User-Computer Interface']
| 12,855,088
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F02.463.785.373'], ['G16.500.275', 'N06.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.752.543'], ['G01.750.770.776'], ['L01.224.900.910']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Patterns of genetic variation and covariation in ejaculate traits reveal potential evolutionary constraints in guppies.
|
Ejaculates comprise multiple and potentially interacting traits that determine male fertility and sperm competitiveness. Consequently, selection on these traits is likely to be intense, but the efficacy of selection will depend critically on patterns of genetic variation and covariation underlying their expression. In this study, I provide a prospective quantitative genetic analysis of ejaculate traits in the guppy Poecilia reticulata, a highly promiscuous live-bearing fish. I used a standard paternal half-sibling breeding design to characterize patterns of genetic (co)variation in components of sperm length and in vitro sperm performance. All traits exhibited high levels of phenotypic and additive genetic variation, and in several cases, patterns of genetic variation was consistent with Y-linkage. There were also highly significant negative genetic correlations between the various measures of sperm length and sperm performance. In particular, the length of the sperm's midpiece was strongly, negatively and genetically correlated with sperm's swimming velocity-an important determinant of sperm competitiveness in this and other species. Other components of sperm length, including the flagellum and head, were independently and negatively genetically correlated with the proportion of live sperm in the ejaculate (sperm viability). Whether these relationships represent evolutionary trade-offs depends on the precise relationships between these traits and competitive fertilization rates, which have yet to be fully resolved in this (and indeed most) species. Nevertheless, these prospective analyses point to potential constraints on ejaculate evolution and may explain the high level of phenotypic variability in ejaculate traits in this species.
|
['Animals', 'Breeding', 'Genes, Y-Linked', 'Genetic Variation', 'Male', 'Mating Preference, Animal', 'Models, Statistical', 'Poecilia', 'Selection, Genetic', 'Sperm Count', 'Sperm Midpiece', 'Sperm Motility', 'Spermatozoa']
| 20,959,863
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.820.150', 'G05.090'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.515', 'G05.420.523'], ['G05.365'], ['F01.145.113.252.748.300'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.850.280.680'], ['G05.783'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.870', 'E01.370.225.992.624', 'E05.200.500.195.870', 'E05.200.992.624', 'E05.242.195.870', 'G04.140.870'], ['A05.360.490.890.830', 'A11.497.760.450'], ['E01.370.225.992.812', 'E05.200.992.812', 'G04.198.750'], ['A05.360.490.890', 'A11.497.760']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of culture on islet rejection.
|
In order to diminish or prevent rejection of transplanted allogeneic islets of Langerhans, in vitro culture was used. After digestion of the rat pancreas and Ficoll separation, islets were handpicked to be free of vascular and ductal tissue. Phenol red in the culture medium imparted a pink color to the islets when observed with a diffuse green light against a black background. Islets cultured at room temperature (24 degrees C) remained functionally and morphologically intact for 1--4 wk. Insulin secretion was 1--3 microU per islet per hour, increasing to 16 microU per islet per hour at 37 degrees C. Culture alone resulted in a modest prolongation of function across a major histocompatibility barrier, Wistar Furth to Lewis (mean survival time, 11.6 +/- 1.2 vs. 7.2 +/- 0.5 days). However, one injection of antilymphocytic serum (ALS) into 10 recipients at the time of transplantation prolonged survival to greater than 100 days in nine rats. In the combination ACI to Lewis, also a major barrier, the same regimen prolonged function to greater than 100 days in five out of five recipients. Injection of donor peritoneal exudate cells resulted in prompt rejection of islets. These results suggest that culture and ALS either damage or alter passenger leukocytes in the donor tissue, thereby preventing rejection of the islets.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Graft Rejection', 'Graft Survival', 'Islets of Langerhans', 'Islets of Langerhans Transplantation', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Lew', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Transplantation, Homologous']
| 6,766,417
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Binding free energy and counterion release for adsorption of the antimicrobial peptide lactoferricin B on a POPG membrane.
|
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are used to study the interaction of an anionic palmitoyl-oleoyl-phosphatidylglycerol (POPG) bilayer with the cationic antimicrobial peptide bovine lactoferricin (LFCinB) in a 100 mM NaCl solution at 310 K. The interaction of LFCinB with a POPG bilayer is employed as a model system for studying the details of membrane adsorption selectivity of cationic antimicrobial peptides. Seventy eight 4 ns MD production run trajectories of the equilibrated system, with six restrained orientations of LFCinB at 13 different separations from the POPG membrane, are generated to determine the free energy profile for the peptide as a function of the distance between LFCinB and the membrane surface. To calculate the profile for this relatively large system, a variant of constrained MD and thermodynamic integration is used. A simplified method for relating the free energy profile to the LFCinB-POPG membrane binding constant is employed to predict a free energy of adsorption of -5.4+/-1.3 kcal/mol and a corresponding maximum adsorption binding force of about 58 pN. We analyze the results using Poisson-Boltzmann theory. We find the peptide-membrane attraction to be dominated by the entropy increase due to the release of counterions and polarized water from the region between the charged membrane and peptide, as the two approach each other. We contrast these results with those found earlier for adsorption of LFCinB on the mammalianlike palmitoyl-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine membrane.
|
['Adsorption', 'Animals', 'Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides', 'Cattle', 'Cell Membrane', 'Computer Simulation', 'Lactoferrin', 'Lipid Bilayers', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Molecular Dynamics Simulation', 'Phosphatidylglycerols', 'Thermodynamics', 'Water']
| 19,905,150
|
[['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.644.050', 'D12.776.543.695.054'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A11.284.149'], ['L01.224.160'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.471', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.471', 'D12.776.157.427.750.249', 'D12.776.256.159.750.816.500.507', 'D12.776.377.457.507', 'D12.776.395.507', 'D12.776.556.579.750.249'], ['D10.570.510', 'J01.637.087.500.510'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['E05.599.595.500', 'G02.111.570.895', 'L01.224.160.500'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.885'], ['G01.906'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Postural sway and motor control in trans-tibial amputees as assessed by electroencephalography during eight balance training tasks.
|
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the Power Spectral Density (PSD) of the electroencephalogram (EEG) during 8 common sensorimotor balance training tasks of varying difficulty in single-limb trans-tibial amputees.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eight sensorimotor balance exercises, including alteration in vision, base of support, and surface compliance, were used to test postural control and how it related to the electroencephalogram (EEG). A control group was compared to a group of people with trans-tibial amputation of 1 leg to see how the brain responds to loss of a single limb during progressively harder balance testing. Postural sway and EEG changes of the alpha, beta, and sigma wave bands were measured in 20 participants (10 controls, 10 amputees) during 8 balance tasks of varying difficulty with eyes open and closed, feet in tandem or apart, and on a foam or a firm surface.RESULTS: The power of alpha, beta, and sigma bands increased significantly in most tests when comparing the amputees to the control subjects. Balance was significantly worse in the amputees even when standing on both legs. In amputees, balance required more cortical activity than in the controls.CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that amputees have considerably more difficulty in motor control for the brain during balance tasks. Balance was impaired even when standing feet apart on 2 legs and EEG showed more spectral power in all areas of the brain in the amputees.
|
['Adult', 'Amputees', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Electrodes', 'Electroencephalography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Motor Activity', 'Motor Cortex', 'Postural Balance', 'Posture', 'Prostheses and Implants', 'Task Performance and Analysis', 'Tibia']
| 25,515,646
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.150.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E07.305.250'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270.548', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.624'], ['F02.830.816.541.752', 'G07.888.750.500', 'G11.427.690', 'G11.561.790.541.595'], ['G11.427.695'], ['E07.695'], ['F02.784.412.846', 'F02.784.692.746', 'F02.808.600'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.883']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Role of the stationary growth phase sigma factor RpoS of Burkholderia pseudomallei in response to physiological stress conditions.
|
The Burkholderia pseudomallei rpoS gene was identified, and an rpoS null mutant was constructed. The mutant was shown to have an increased sensitivity to carbon starvation and oxidative stress. By using rpoS-lacZ fusions, transcription of rpoS was shown to be growth phase regulated, reaching a peak upon entry into stationary phase.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Burkholderia pseudomallei', 'Carbon', 'Cell Line, Transformed', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Sigma Factor', 'Virulence']
| 14,617,667
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['B03.660.075.090.688.100.600'], ['D01.268.150'], ['A11.251.210.172'], ['G05.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D12.776.930.800'], ['G06.930']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Colchicine vs. omega-3 fatty acids for prevention of chronic cyclosporine nephrotoxicity in Sprague Dawley rats: an experimental animal model.
|
BACKGROUND: In view of the high cost of the new immunosuppressive drugs, which represents a challenge for both patients and governmental resources especially in developing countries, trials to prevent side effects of the first calcineurin inhibitor discovered (cyclosporine, Cs) are of particular interest.METHODS: In this prospective randomized experimental study, 60 male Sprague Dawley rats were enrolled. Group 1 served as negative control group and received olive oil. Group 2 received Cs orally 100 mg/kg for 80 days and served as positive control group. Group 3 was given daily colchicine (30 microg/kg/day) in addition to Cs. Group 4 was given omega-3 fatty acids (100 mg/kg/day) in addition to Cs. Animals were subjected every other week to laboratory assessment for serum creatinine, sodium, potassium, and Cs whole-blood through levels. At the end point, the animals were sacrificed, and kidney tissue was examined for histopathological changes.RESULTS: There were no significant differences in serum creatinine, creatinine clearance, and serum sodium and potassium in all groups. Histopathological examination of kidney tissues showed focal tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis in inner medulla and inner strip of the outer medulla in all Cs-treated animals. Morphological changes were significantly less in colchicine-treated rats compared to omega-3 fatty acid-treated rats and absent in the negative control group. Furthermore, immunostaining showed positive reactions for vimentin in Cs-treated animals only.CONCLUSIONS: Colchicine and omega-3 fatty acids are protective for the kidney against cyclosporine-induced nephropathy; however, colchicine is more protective than omega-3 fatty acid.
|
['Animals', 'Colchicine', 'Creatinine', 'Cyclosporine', 'Fatty Acids, Omega-3', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Potassium', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Renal Insufficiency, Chronic', 'Sodium', 'Tubulin Modulators', 'Vimentin']
| 17,045,107
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.132.225'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['D04.345.566.235.300', 'D12.644.641.235.300'], ['D10.212.302.380.410', 'D10.251.355.337', 'D10.627.430.450'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['A05.810.453'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['C12.777.419.780.750', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['D27.505.519.593.249.500'], ['D05.750.078.593.900', 'D12.776.220.475.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Changes in water properties in serum albumin solutions induced by alterations in protein flexibility. NMR studies.
|
Two types of changes in the spin-spin relaxation time of water protons (T2) corresponding to the decrease in the correlation time of water molecules have been found in human serum albumin solutions in the temperature range of 20-40 degrees using the NMR method. It follows from experiments with frozen HSA solutions that over 15% of H2O is pushed out from the HSA hydration shell in 10% D2O solution and about 30% of H2O in 20% D2O solution by DOD and DOH molecules. The T2 effects observed increase in the presence of D2O in the protein solution, however, and their maxima shift by 5--10 degrees toward a higher temperature range. An increase in the viscosity of HSA solutions by adding sucrose (20%) results in complete disappearance of the effects. The results were analysed and the conclusion was made that the anomalies observed in T2 result from thermally induced changes in the nature of the relative translational-rotational diffusion of three domains of HSA. Concomitant rapid exchange between the free solvent and water present in the protein cavities between domains can stimulate fluctuations in the solvent and destabilize its structure.
|
['Buffers', 'Chemical Phenomena', 'Chemistry, Physical', 'Deuterium', 'Humans', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Serum Albumin', 'Temperature', 'Water']
| 6,724,050
|
[['D27.720.470.280'], ['G02'], ['H01.181.529'], ['D01.268.406.500', 'D01.362.340.500', 'D01.496.289'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['D12.776.034.841', 'D12.776.124.727'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Combined oral contraceptives containing chlormadinone acetate and breast cancer: results of a case-control study.
|
The main subject of this hospital-based case-control study was the possible relationship between use of combined oral contraceptives (OCs) containing chlormadinone acetate and breast cancer. Analyses were based on data from 490 cases with newly diagnosed breast cancer and 1,223 controls and were separately performed for combined OCs with and without chlormadinone. For either of the combined OCs, risk was not elevated in ever users, did not increase with duration of use and did not change with time since initial exposure or with time since most recent use. However, the relative risk was increased in current users: RR = 1.72 (0.88, 3.36) for combined OCs with chlormadinone and RR = 1.42 (1.01, 2.00) for combined OCs without chlormadinone, which is, however, explained as a screening effect. These results show that chlormadinone as a constituent of combined OCs does not influence breast cancer risk.
|
['Adult', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Chlormadinone Acetate', 'Contraceptives, Oral, Combined', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Risk Factors']
| 1,710,136
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.144', 'D04.210.500.883.294'], ['D26.310.360', 'D27.505.696.875.360.276.210.100', 'D27.505.954.705.360.276.210.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
European neonatal intensive care nursing research priorities: an e-Delphi study.
|
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify and prioritise neonatal intensive care nursing research topics across Europe using an e-Delphi technique.DESIGN: An e-Delphi technique with three questionnaire rounds was performed. Qualitative responses of round one were analysed by content analysis and research statements were generated to be ranged on importance on a scale of 1-6 (not important to most important).SETTING: Neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in 17 European countries.POPULATION: NICU clinical nurses, managers, educators and researchers (n=75).INTERVENTION: None.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: A list of 43 research statements in eight domains.RESULTS: The six highest ranking statements (?5.0 mean score) were related to prevention and reduction of pain (mean 5.49; SD 1.07), medication errors (mean 5.20; SD 1.13), end-of-life care (mean 5.05; SD 1.18), needs of parents and family (mean 5.04; SD 1.23), implementing evidence into nursing practice (mean 5.02; SD 1.03), and pain assessment (mean 5.02; SD 1.11). The research domains were prioritised and ranked: (1) pain and stress; (2) family centred care; (3) clinical nursing care practices; (4) quality and safety; (5) ethics; (6) respiratory and ventilation; (7) infection and inflammation; and (8) professional issues in neonatal intensive care nursing.CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study might support developing a nursing research strategy for the nursing section of the European Society of Paediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care. In addition, this may promote more European researcher collaboratives for neonatal nursing research.
|
['Clinical Nursing Research', 'Critical Care Nursing', 'Delphi Technique', 'Europe', 'Humans', 'Intensive Care Units, Pediatric', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 25,260,359
|
[['H01.770.644.145.390.234', 'H02.478.395.234', 'N04.590.233.508.613.234'], ['H02.478.676.175', 'N02.421.533.149'], ['L01.906.197'], ['Z01.542'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.388.493.390'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Hypertension and endothelial dysfunction in apolipoprotein E knockout mice.
|
Mice lacking ApoE (Apoe(-/-)) develop initially hypercholesterolemia and lastly atherosclerosis. This study examined hemodynamics and endothelial function in 6-week-old Apoe(-/-) mice with hypercholesterolemia only, 7.5-months-old Apoe(-/-) mice with both hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis, and age matched controls. One day after implantation of catheters into the carotid artery, arterial pressure was measured in conscious, unrestrained mice. Compared with the respective controls, there was a significant increase in arterial pressure and the ratio of left ventricular weight to body weight in 7.5-month-old Apoe(-/-) mice but not in 6-week-old Apoe(-/-) mice. Histopathological analysis demonstrated significant renal artery disease in the form of extensive atheromatous plaques only in 7.5-month-old Apoe(-/-) mice, whereas no atherosclerotic lesions were found in 6-week-old Apoe(-/-) mice. For evaluation of endothelial function, a laser Doppler perfusion imager with a computer-controlled optical scanner was used to measure cutaneous blood perfusion on the dorsal side of one hind paw before and after topical application of mustard oil, which is known to induce nitric oxide-mediated vasodilation. The mustard oil treatment elicited a substantial increase in blood perfusion (P<0.01), which was similar between 6-week-old Apoe(-/-) mice and controls but significantly blunted in 7.5-month-old Apoe(-/-) mice versus control mice, suggesting nitric oxide-mediated vasodilation is diminished in 7.5-month-old Apoe(-/-) mice but not in 6-week-old Apoe(-/-) mice. In contrast, the increase in blood perfusion induced by topical administration of cilostazol, which induces vasodilation via cyclic adenosine monophosphate, was not different between 7.5-month-old Apoe(-/-) mice and controls. Thus hypertension and endothelial dysfunction observed in 7.5-month-old Apoe(-/-) mice may be due mainly to atherosclerosis.
|
['Age Factors', 'Animals', 'Apolipoproteins E', 'Arteriosclerosis', 'Cholesterol', 'Cilostazol', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Heart Rate', 'Hypercholesterolemia', 'Hypertension', 'Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Mustard Plant', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Organ Size', 'Plant Extracts', 'Plant Oils', 'Regional Blood Flow', 'Renal Artery', 'Tetrazoles', 'Vasodilator Agents']
| 10,559,023
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['B01.050'], ['D10.532.091.500', 'D12.776.070.400.500', 'D12.776.521.120.500'], ['C14.907.137.126'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['D03.383.129.617.293', 'D03.633.100.810.069'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['C18.452.584.500.500.396'], ['C14.907.489'], ['C14.280.195.400', 'C23.300.775.250.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.200.500'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D10.627.700', 'D20.215.784.750'], ['G09.330.100.780'], ['A07.015.114.745'], ['D03.383.129.617'], ['D27.505.954.411.918']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Targeted inhibition of Hedgehog-GLI signaling by novel acylguanidine derivatives inhibits melanoma cell growth by inducing replication stress and mitotic catastrophe.
|
Aberrant activation of the Hedgehog (HH) signaling is a critical driver in tumorigenesis. The Smoothened (SMO) receptor is one of the major upstream transducers of the HH pathway and a target for the development of anticancer agents. The SMO inhibitor Vismodegib (GDC-0449/Erivedge) has been approved for treatment of basal cell carcinoma. However, the emergence of resistance during Vismodegib treatment and the occurrence of numerous side effects limit its use. Our group has recently discovered and developed novel and potent SMO inhibitors based on acylguanidine or acylthiourea scaffolds. Here, we show that the two acylguanidine analogs, compound (1) and its novel fluoride derivative (2), strongly reduce growth and self-renewal of melanoma cells, inhibiting the level of the HH signaling target GLI1 in a dose-dependent manner. Both compounds induce apoptosis and DNA damage through the ATR/CHK1 axis. Mechanistically, they prevent G2 to M cell cycle transition, and induce signs of mitotic aberrations ultimately leading to mitotic catastrophe. In a melanoma xenograft mouse model, systemic treatment with 1 produced a remarkable inhibition of tumor growth without body weight loss in mice. Our data highlight a novel route for cell death induction by SMO inhibitors and support their use in therapeutic approaches for melanoma and, possibly, other types of cancer with active HH signaling.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell Cycle Checkpoints', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Self Renewal', 'Cell Survival', 'DNA Damage', 'DNA Replication', 'Female', 'Guanidines', 'Hedgehog Proteins', 'Humans', 'Inhibitory Concentration 50', 'Melanoma', 'Mice, Nude', 'Mitosis', 'Neoplastic Stem Cells', 'Signal Transduction', 'Smoothened Receptor', 'Stress, Physiological', 'Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays', 'Zinc Finger Protein GLI1']
| 29,396,391
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['G04.144.109'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G04.144.220.235', 'G04.161.750.500.375', 'G05.113.415', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500.625'], ['G04.346'], ['G05.200'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['D02.078.370'], ['D12.644.276.671', 'D12.776.467.671', 'D23.529.671'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.940.350', 'G07.690.936.563'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510', 'C04.557.665.510'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['G04.144.220.220.781', 'G05.113.220.781'], ['A11.872.650'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.017.500', 'D12.776.543.750.850.500.500'], ['G07.775'], ['E05.337.550.200.900', 'E05.624.850'], ['D12.776.260.755.850', 'D12.776.624.664.700.989', 'D12.776.930.900.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Decreased accumulation of ultrasound contrast in the liver of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis rat model.
|
AIM: To investigate the diagnosis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) using contrast ultrasonography in the NASH rat model.METHODS: The liver in methionine choline-deficient diet (MCDD) rats, a NASH model constructed by feeding an MCDD, was examined by contrast ultrasonography at weeks 2, 4, 8, 12 and 16, with late phase images of contrast ultrasonography (Kupffer imaging) in which contrast enhancement was achieved by incorporation of a contrast agent by Kupffer cells (KCs), and images were compared to those in rats taking a regular chow.RESULTS: Decrease in contrast enhancement was observed first in MCDD rats at week 2. KCs were counted based on immunohistochemistry, but their numbers were not reduced and it was assumed that attenuation of contrast enhancement was attributable to reduced phagocytic activity of the KCs.CONCLUSION: It is suggested that clinical application of contrast ultrasonography may be valuable for non-invasive diagnosis of NASH.
|
['Animals', 'Body Weight', 'Choline Deficiency', 'Contrast Media', 'Diet', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Fatty Liver', 'Kupffer Cells', 'Leptin', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Methionine', 'Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Ultrasonography']
| 22,072,850
|
[['B01.050'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.699.160'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['C06.552.241'], ['A11.329.372.588', 'A11.627.482.588', 'A11.733.397.588', 'A15.382.670.522.588', 'A15.382.680.397.588'], ['D06.472.699.042.500', 'D12.644.276.024.500', 'D12.644.548.011.500', 'D12.776.467.024.500', 'D23.529.024.500'], ['A03.620'], ['D02.886.030.676', 'D12.125.142.557', 'D12.125.154.549', 'D12.125.166.676'], ['C06.552.241.519'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Studies on calcium modulatory activities of 2,6,6-trimethyl-3-acetyl-4-aryl-5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroquinoline derivatives.
|
Twenty-two new 2,6,6-trimethyl-3-acetyl-4-aryl-5-oxo-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroquinoline+ ++ derivatives (compounds 1-22) have been prepared. The structures of the compounds were characterised by IR, 1H-NMR, mass spectroscopy and elemental analyses. The calcium antagonistic activities of the compounds were determined by the tests performed on isolated rabbit ileum and lamb carotid artery. According to the isolated rabbit ileum activity tests the most active compounds are 10 and 12 and according to the lamb carotid activity tests the most active compounds are 6 and 10.
|
['Animals', 'Calcium Channel Blockers', 'Carotid Arteries', 'Female', 'Ileum', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Male', 'Molecular Weight', 'Muscle, Smooth', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular', 'Quinolines', 'Rabbits', 'Rats', 'Sheep', 'Spectrophotometry, Infrared', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 10,554,659
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.562.249', 'D27.505.696.260.500', 'D27.505.954.411.192'], ['A07.015.114.186'], ['A03.556.124.684.249', 'A03.556.249.124'], ['E05.481'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['G02.494'], ['A02.633.570', 'A10.690.467'], ['A02.633.570.491', 'A07.015.733.500', 'A10.690.467.491'], ['D03.633.100.810'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['E05.196.712.726.676', 'E05.196.867.826.676'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Application of magnetization transfer at 3.0 T in three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography of the intracranial arteries.
|
PURPOSE: To apply magnetization transfer (MT) at 3.0 T in three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography of the intracranial arteries.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was performed on phantoms and seven volunteers to determine the effects of MT at 3.0 T. By using a modulated MT approach and an altered phase encode order, the specific absorption rate (SAR) was kept below 3 W/kg over any 8-second time period.RESULTS: For a 20-degree flip angle and 36 msec repetition time, the background suppression at 3.0 T was improved with MT by 52 +/- 5% for white matter and 40 +/- 8% for grey matter, making the distal intracranial vasculature significantly more discernible.CONCLUSIONS: MT at 3.0 T can significantly improve background suppression in 3D time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) of the intracranial arteries without exceeding SAR guidelines.
|
['Adult', 'Cerebral Arteries', 'Humans', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Magnetic Resonance Angiography', 'Phantoms, Imaging']
| 11,948,839
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A07.015.114.228'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['E01.370.350.825.500.500', 'E01.370.370.050.500'], ['E07.671']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Restraint stress in lactating mice alters the levels of sulfur-containing amino acids in milk.
|
It is well known that maternal stress during the gestation and lactation periods induces abnormal behavior in the offspring and causes a lowering of the offspring's body weight. Various causes of maternal stress during the lactation period, relating to, for example, maternal nutritional status and reduced maternal care, have been considered. However, little is known about the effects on milk of maternal stress during the lactation period. The current study aimed to determine whether free amino acids, with special reference to sulfur-containing amino acids in milk, are altered by restraint stress in lactating mice. The dams in the stress group were restrained for 30 min at postnatal days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12. Restraint stress caused a reduction in the body weight of lactating mice. The concentration of taurine and cystathionine in milk was significantly higher in the stress group, though stress did not alter their concentration in maternal plasma. The ratio of taurine concentration in milk to its concentration in maternal plasma was significantly higher in the stress group, suggesting that stress promoted taurine transportation into milk. Furthermore, taurine concentration in milk was positively correlated with corticosterone levels in plasma. In conclusion, restraint stress in lactating mice caused the changes in the metabolism and in the transportation of sulfur-containing amino acids and resulted in higher taurine concentration in milk. Taurine concentration in milk could also be a good parameter for determining stress status in dams.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Animals', 'Female', 'Lactation', 'Mice, Inbred ICR', 'Milk', 'Pregnancy', 'Restraint, Physical', 'Stress, Physiological', 'Sulfur', 'Taurine']
| 29,367,519
|
[['D12.125'], ['B01.050'], ['G08.686.523', 'G08.686.702.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.510', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.510'], ['A12.200.455', 'A12.790', 'G07.203.100.700', 'G07.203.300.350.525', 'J02.200.700', 'J02.500.350.525'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E02.085.700', 'E05.472.760'], ['G07.775'], ['D01.268.185.900'], ['D02.455.326.146.100.850', 'D02.886.645.600.055.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Experimental evidence for limited vocal recognition in a wild primate: implications for the social complexity hypothesis.
|
Although monitoring social information is a key aspect of the social complexity hypothesis, surprisingly little work has compared social knowledge across different species of wild animals. In the present study, I use playback experiments to test for individual recognition in wild male geladas (Theropithecus gelada) to compare with published accounts of social knowledge in chacma baboons (Papio ursinus). Geladas and baboons are closely related primates living in socially complex groups that differ dramatically in group size-geladas routinely associate with more than 10 times the number of conspecifics than do baboons. Using grunts from non-rival males to simulate approaches, I examined the strength of a subject male's response when the 'approach' was from the direction of (i) non-rival males (control), or (ii) rival males (a more salient stimulus if playback grunts are not recognized by the subject). I compared responses separately based on the degree of social overlap between the caller and the subject. Responses indicate that male geladas, unlike baboons, do not use vocalizations to recognize all of the individuals they regularly encounter. This represents, to my knowledge, the first documented evidence of 'missing' social knowledge in a natural primate population. The sharp distinction between baboons and geladas suggests that geladas are either unable or unmotivated to keep track of the individual identity of other males in their multi-level society-even males with whom they have a large degree of social overlap. Thus, these results are consistent with the central assumption of the social complexity hypothesis that social cognition is costly.
|
['Acoustic Stimulation', 'Animals', 'Linear Models', 'Male', 'Papio ursinus', 'Recognition, Psychology', 'Sexual Behavior, Animal', 'Social Behavior', 'Theropithecus', 'Vocalization, Animal']
| 20,462,901
|
[['E02.037', 'E02.190.888.030', 'E05.723.136'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.610.800'], ['F02.463.425.540.706'], ['F01.145.113.252.748'], ['F01.145.813'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.730'], ['F01.145.113.055.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Trans-resveratrol extraction from peanut sprouts cultivated using fermented sawdust medium and its antioxidant activity.
|
Peanut sprouts are a functional food material rich in phytochemicals, including trans-resveratrol. This study aimed to optimize the recovery of trans-resveratrol from peanut sprouts using a combination of peanut varieties and sawdust medium through accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and the response surface method (RSM). We also aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of this trans-resveratrol extract. Optimal fermentation periods of sawdust and peanut variety for cultivating peanut sprouts were determined on the basis of trans-resveratrol content via high-performance liquid chromatography. The extraction variables temperature, static time, and ethanol concentration were used to create a 20-sample set fit to a second-order polynomial equation through multiple regression analysis (R2 = 0.8787, P < 0.01). Trans-resveratrol content (19.62 ± 2.33 µg/g) peaked in the Palgwang variety cultured in sawdust medium fermented for 45 days. Optimal conditions for ASE were determined regarding the extraction temperature (90.29 °C), static time (3.95 min), and solvent (81.54% EtOH/water), and the predicted trans-resveratrol content under optimal conditions was 30.23 µg/g. Sawdust medium was more effective in increasing the trans-resveratrol content than conventional hydroponics, and the optimized process of combining fermented sawdust cultivation for harvesting peanut sprouts with ASE has potential as an efficient method of obtaining mass quantities of trans-resveratrol from peanut sprouts with improved nutritional and functional properties. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study showed that sawdust medium is more effective than hydroponics in increasing the trans-resveratrol content in peanut sprouts. The recovery of trans-resveratrol from peanut sprouts and its antioxidant activity were optimized via accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and the response surface methodology (RSM). The optimized process of combining fermented sawdust cultivation for harvesting peanut sprouts with ASE potentially provides an efficient method to obtain mass quantities of trans-resveratrol from peanut sprouts with improved nutritional and functional properties.
|
['Antioxidants', 'Arachis', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Culture Media', 'Fermentation', 'Hydroponics', 'Resveratrol', 'Seeds']
| 32,078,749
|
[['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.077'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['G02.111.158.249', 'G03.191.249'], ['J01.040.581'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700.725.875', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.715.500'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with multiple myeloma undergoing contrast-enhanced CT.
|
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to evaluate the incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) and the effects of associated risk factors in patients with multiple myeloma undergoing contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) with IV administration of nonionic iodinated contrast agent.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective review of medical records identified patients with a diagnosis of myeloma who underwent a CECT examination of the chest, abdomen, or pelvis between January 1, 2005, and December 1, 2008. Analysis for CIN, as defined by an increase in creatinine level after the CECT examination of 25% or more, or of 0.5 mg/dL, compared with the level before the CECT examination, both within 48 hours and within 7 days, was performed. Statistical correlations between the development of CIN and creatinine level before CECT examination, patient location, type and amount of contrast agent, blood urea nitrogen-creatinine ratio, history of diabetes, hypercalcemia, Bence Jones proteinuria, â(2)-microglobulin level, albumin level, International Myeloma Staging System stage, and history of myeloma provided at the time the CT examination was ordered were calculated.RESULTS: Forty-six patients who completed 80 unique examinations were included; their average creatinine level before CECT examination was 0.97 mg/dL. There was no significant difference in the average creatinine levels before CT examination between patients without and those with CIN. Four (5%) and 12 (15%) patients developed CIN within 48 hours and 7 days, respectively. Only serum â(2)-microglobulin level showed a statistically significant (p = 0.03) correlation with the development of CIN.CONCLUSION: The incidence of CIN in patients with multiple myeloma with a normal creatinine level is low and correlates with â(2)-microglobulin levels. The administration of contrast agent in this patient population is safe but should be based on the potential benefit of the examination and the expected low risk of developing CIN.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cohort Studies', 'Contrast Media', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Kidney Diseases', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multiple Myeloma', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Triiodobenzoic Acids']
| 21,512,075
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['C12.777.419', 'C13.351.968.419'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.557.595.500', 'C14.907.454.460', 'C15.378.147.780.650', 'C15.378.463.515.460', 'C20.683.515.845', 'C20.683.780.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['D02.241.223.100.400.880', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.375.880']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Treatment of sepsis-associated severe acute renal failure with continuous hemodiafiltration: clinical experience and comparison with conventional dialysis.
|
The syndrome of sepsis-associated severe acute renal failure is a frequent component of sepsis-induced multiorgan failure. Continuous hemofiltration techniques are often used in its dialytic management but little is known about their impact. The aim of this study is to define the biochemical and clinical impact of continuous hemodiafiltration (CHD) in the management of this syndrome and to retrospectively compare it to that of conventional dialysis. A prospective, cohort study and retrospective comparison with historical controls was conducted at an intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary institution. Eighty-seven consecutive septic patients with acute renal failure were treated by continuous hemodiafiltration and 40 consecutive similar patients by conventional dialysis. All new cases of severe acute renal failure with sepsis were treated by means of continuous hemodiafiltration. Historical controls were treated by means of conventional dialysis. Illness and sepsis severity were assessed on admission and prior to initiation of treatment. Biochemical variables were assessed daily. Outcome was measured as discharge from the ICU, duration of oliguria and discharge from hospital. Of the 87 patients treated by hemodiafiltration, 86 had multiorgan failure, 71 (81.6%) septic shock and 52 (59.8%) bacteremia/fungemia. Their APACHE II score on admission was 29.9 and their mean organ failure score prior to treatment was 4.3. Hemodiafiltration resulted in a significant fall in mean urea and creatinine levels within 24 h and in the correction of acidosis. The mean alveolar-arterial gradient fell from 276 to 211 mm Hg (p < 0.02) within 24 h of therapy. Complications were few and mostly related to vascular access.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Acute Kidney Injury', 'Female', 'Hemodiafiltration', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sepsis', 'Syndrome']
| 7,546,527
|
[['C12.777.419.780.050', 'C13.351.968.419.780.050'], ['E02.870.300.200', 'E02.912.800.200', 'E04.292.471.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C01.757', 'C23.550.470.790.500'], ['C23.550.288.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Butterfly survival on an isolated island by improved grip.
|
On small isolated islands, natural selection is expected to reduce the dispersal capacity of organisms, as short distances do not require a high rate of dispersal, which might lead to accidental emigration from the population. In addition, individuals foregoing the high cost of maintaining flight capacity may instead allocate resources to other functions. However, in butterflies and many other insects, flight is necessary not only for dispersal but also for most other activities. A weakly flying individual would probably do worse and have an elevated rather than reduced probability of accidental emigration. Here, we report results consistent with the hypothesis that a butterfly population on an isolated island, instead of having lost its flight capacity, has evolved better grip to resist the force of wind and to avoid being blown off the island. Our study suggests that local adaptation has occurred in this population in spite of its very small size (Ne ? 100), complete isolation, low genetic variation and high genetic load.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Animals', 'Biological Evolution', 'Butterflies', 'Extremities', 'Finland', 'Flight, Animal', 'Islands', 'Seasons', 'Species Specificity', 'Survival Analysis', 'Wind']
| 23,445,946
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['B01.050'], ['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.937.200'], ['A01.378'], ['Z01.542.816.186'], ['G11.427.410.568.304', 'G11.427.410.698.416'], ['G16.500.275.505', 'N06.230.295', 'Z01.639'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['G16.824'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['G16.500.175.249.200', 'G16.500.275.063.725.154.200', 'G16.500.750.775.780', 'N06.230.132.644.875', 'N06.230.300.100.150.185.200', 'N06.230.300.100.725.780']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Induction of interferon in ovine and human lymphocyte cultures by mycoplasmas.
|
Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Acholeplasma laidlawii, M. arthritidis, and M. pulmonis were shown to induce interferon in the lymphocyte fraction of ovine peripheral blood leukocytes, but not in the polymorphonuclear leukocyte fraction. Human peripheral blood lymphocytes produced significant levels of interferon in response to infection with M. pneumoniae and M. synoviae. The antiviral substance induced by the mycoplasmas in human lymphocytes was characterized as interferon by the usual criteria.
|
['Acholeplasma laidlawii', 'Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Humans', 'Interferons', 'Lymphocytes', 'Mycoplasma', 'Neutrophils', 'Sheep', 'Species Specificity']
| 985,808
|
[['B03.440.860.074.150.500'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440', 'D12.776.467.374.440', 'D23.529.374.440'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['B03.440.860.580.553.553'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Influence of human body target's spectral characteristics on visual range of low light level image intensifiers].
|
To study the effect of different human target's spectral reflective characteristic on low light level (LLL) image intensifier's distance, based on the spectral characteristics of the night-sky radiation and the spectral reflective coefficients of common clothes, we established a equation of human body target's spectral reflective distribution, and analyzed the spectral reflective characteristics of different human targets wearing the clothes of different color and different material, and from the actual detection equation of LLL image intensifier distance, discussed the detection capability of LLL image intensifier for different human target. The study shows that the effect of different human target's spectral reflective characteristic on LLL image intensifier distance is mainly reflected in the average reflectivity rho(-) and the initial contrast of the target and the background C0. Reflective coefficient and spectral reflection intensity of cotton clothes are higher than polyester clothes, and detection capability of LLL image intensifier is stronger for the human target wearing cotton clothes. Experimental results show that the LLL image intensifiers have longer visual ranges for targets who wear cotton clothes than targets who wear same color but polyester clothes, and have longer visual ranges for targets who wear light-colored clothes than targets who wear dark-colored clothes. And in the full moon illumination conditions, LLL image intensifiers are more sensitive to the clothes' material.
|
['Clothing', 'Color', 'Humans', 'Light', 'Spectrum Analysis']
| 24,555,382
|
[['J01.637.215'], ['G01.590.540.199'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['E05.196.867']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Synergistic antitumor effect of combined use of adenoviral-mediated p53 gene transfer and antisense oligodeoxynucleotide targeting clusterin gene in an androgen-independent human prostate cancer model.
|
Our recent studies showed that antisense oligodeoxynucleotide targeting antiapoptotic gene, clusterin, enhanced apoptosis induced by conventional therapeutic modalities using several prostate cancer models. In this study, to establish a more effective therapeutic strategy against prostate cancer, we investigated the effect of combined treatment with antisense clusterin oligodeoxynucleotide and adenoviral-mediated p53 gene transfer (Ad5CMV-p53) in an androgen-independent human prostate PC3 tumor model. Treatment of PC3 cells with 500 nmol/L antisense clusterin oligodeoxynucleotide decreased clusterin mRNA by >80% compared with that with 500 nmol/L mismatch control oligodeoxynucleotide. Clusterin mRNA expression in PC3 cells was highly up-regulated by Ad5CMV-p53 treatment; however, antisense clusterin oligodeoxynucleotide treatment further suppressed clusterin expression in PC3 cells after Ad5CMV-p53 treatment. Antisense clusterin oligodeoxynucleotide treatment significantly enhanced the sensitivity of Ad5CMV-p53 in a dose-dependent manner, reducing the IC50 of Ad5CMV-p53 by 75%. Apoptotic cell death was detected after combined treatment but not after treatment with either agent alone. In vivo administration of antisense clusterin oligodeoxynucleotide and Ad5CMV-p53 resulted in a significant inhibition of s.c. PC3 tumor growth as well as lymph node metastases from orthotopic PC3 tumors compared with administration of either agent alone. Furthermore, combined treatment with antisense clusterin oligodeoxynucleotide, Ad5CMV-p53, and mitoxantrone completely eradicated s.c. PC3 tumors and lymph node metastases from orthotopic PC3 tumors in 60% and 100% of mice, respectively. These findings suggest that combined treatment with antisense clusterin oligodeoxynucleotide and Ad5CMV-p53 could be a novel strategy to inhibit progression of hormone-refractory prostate cancer and that further addition of chemotherapeutic agents may help to enhance the efficacy of this combined regimen.
|
['Adenoviridae', 'Androgens', 'Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Clusterin', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Gene Expression', 'Gene Transfer Techniques', 'Genes, p53', 'Genetic Therapy', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Glycoproteins', 'Humans', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mitoxantrone', 'Molecular Chaperones', 'Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'RNA, Messenger']
| 15,713,890
|
[['B04.280.030'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.161'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D12.776.395.207', 'D12.776.580.215'], ['E02.186'], ['G05.297'], ['E05.393.350'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.249.385', 'G05.360.340.024.340.415.400.385'], ['E02.095.301', 'E05.393.420.301'], ['G05.360.337'], ['D09.400.430', 'D12.776.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.117.159.500', 'D02.806.100.500', 'D04.615.117.159.500'], ['D12.776.580'], ['D13.150.200.640', 'D13.150.480.640', 'D13.444.308.150.640', 'D13.444.600.150.200.640', 'D13.444.600.150.640.640', 'D13.695.578.424.480.640', 'D27.720.470.530.600.150.200.640', 'D27.720.470.530.600.150.640.640'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['D13.444.735.544']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Shorter duration of femoral-popliteal bypass is associated with decreased surgical site infection and shorter hospital length of stay.
|
BACKGROUND: Duration of femoral-popliteal bypass is based on multiple patient-specific, system-specific, and surgeon-specific factors, and is subject to considerable variability. We hypothesized that shorter operative duration is associated with improved outcomes and might represent a potential quality-improvement measure.STUDY DESIGN: Patients who underwent primary femoral-popliteal bypass with autogenous vein between 2005 and 2009 were identified from the American College of Surgeons NSQIP dataset using ICD-9 codes. Operative duration quartiles (Q) were determined (Q1: ?149 minutes, Q2: 150 to 192 minutes, Q3: 193 to 248 minutes; and Q4: ?249 minutes). Perioperative outcomes included mortality, surgical site infection, cardiopulmonary complications, and length of hospital stay. Relevant patient-specific and system-specific confounders, including age, body mass index, smoking, diabetes, end-stage renal disease, indication, American Society of Anesthesiologists' class, type of anesthesia, intraoperative transfusion, nonoperative time in the operating room, and participation of a trainee during the procedure, were adjusted for using multivariable regression.RESULTS: There were 2,644 femoral-popliteal bypass procedures in our study. Mean age was 65.9 years and 62% of patients were male. Longer duration of surgery was associated with increased perioperative surgical site infection (Q1: 6.3%; Q2: 9.0%; Q3: 10.1%; and Q4: 13.9%; p < 0.001) and longer length of stay (5.4 ± 6.8 days; 6.1 ± 6.7 days; 7.0 ± 11.3 days; 8.1 ± 8.0 days, respectively; p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, longer operative duration was independently associated with higher surgical site infection and longer hospital length of stay. Operative duration of ?260 minutes increased the risk of surgical site infection by 50% compared with operative time of 150 minutes.CONCLUSIONS: Longer duration of femoral-popliteal bypass with autogenous vein was associated with a significantly higher risk of perioperative surgical site infection and longer hospital length of stay. Surgeon-specific parameters that lead to faster operative time might lead to improved clinical outcomes and more efficient hospital resource use.
|
['Aged', 'Female', 'Femoral Artery', 'Humans', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Popliteal Artery', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Surgical Wound Infection', 'Time Factors', 'Vascular Surgical Procedures']
| 22,819,641
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['A07.015.114.351'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['A07.015.114.681'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C01.947.692', 'C23.550.767.925'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E04.100.814']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Activity Is Not Essential for the First Step of Nuclear Reprogramming in Bovine Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer.
|
For reprogramming a somatic nucleus during mammalian cloning, metaphase of the second meiotic division (MII) oocytes has been widely used as recipient cytoplasm. High activity of maturation-promoting factor (MPF) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is believed to accelerate the remodeling and/or reprogramming of a somatic nucleus introduced into the ooplasm by somatic cell nuclear transfer. We demonstrated previously that the first step in nuclear reprogramming is not directly regulated by MPF and MAPK because activated oocytes in which MPF activity is diminished and MAPK activity is maintained can develop to the blastocyst stage after receiving an M phase somatic nucleus in bovine cloning. In this study, our aim was to test whether MAPK activity is necessary for the first step in nuclear reprogramming and/or chromatin remodeling (phosphorylation of histone H3 at Ser3, trimethylation of histone H3 at Lys 9, and acetylation of histone H3 at Lys14) in bovine somatic cloning. We found that it was not necessary, and neither was MPF activity.
|
['Animals', 'Blastocyst', 'Cattle', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Cellular Reprogramming', 'Cytoplasm', 'Female', 'Maturation-Promoting Factor', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Nuclear Transfer Techniques', 'Oocytes']
| 28,266,868
|
[['B01.050'], ['A16.254.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['G04.152.262', 'G05.135'], ['A11.284.430.214'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.500.984', 'D12.644.360.250.580', 'D12.776.167.200.580', 'D12.776.476.250.580'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567', 'D12.644.360.450', 'D12.776.476.450'], ['E05.200.500.380.500', 'E05.393.085.500', 'E05.820.540'], ['A05.360.490.690.680', 'A11.497.497.600']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
2-Hydroxypropyl-â-cyclodextrin-modified SLN of paclitaxel for overcoming p-glycoprotein function in multidrug-resistant breast cancer cells.
|
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the potential of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of paclitaxel (PTX) modified with a 2-hydroxypropyl-â-cyclodextrin system to enhance cellular accumulation of PTX into p-glycoprotein (p-gp)-expressing cells.METHODS: The PTX-loaded-SLNs consisted of lipid (stearic acid) and surfactants (lecithin and poloxamer 188) and were then modified with 2-hydroxypropyl-â-cyclodextrin by a sonication method.KEY FINDINGS: In terms of cytotoxicity, PTX-loaded SLNs modified with 2-hydroxypropyl-â-cyclodextrin showed higher cytotoxicity than other formulations. In particular, the cellular uptake of PTX from PTX-loaded SLNs modified with 2-hydroxypropyl-â-cyclodextrin was about 5.8- and 1.5-fold higher than that from PTX solution and unmodified PTX-loaded SLNs in MCF-7/ADR cells, respectively. After a 4-h incubation, clear fluorescence images inside cells were observed over time. When PTX-loaded SLNs modified with 2-hydroxypropyl-â-cyclodextrin were incubated with MCF-7/ADR cells for 4 h, cellular uptake of PTX increased 1.7-fold versus that of PTX in the presence of verapamil.CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that optimized SLNs modified with 2-hydroxypropyl-â-cyclodextrin may have potential as an oral drug delivery system for PTX.
|
['2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin', 'ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B', 'ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1', 'Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic', 'Biological Transport', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Calcium Channel Blockers', 'Cell Survival', 'Chemistry, Pharmaceutical', 'Drug Delivery Systems', 'Drug Resistance, Multiple', 'Drug Resistance, Neoplasm', 'Excipients', 'Female', 'Humans', 'MCF-7 Cells', 'Nanoparticles', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Paclitaxel', 'Stearic Acids', 'Surface-Active Agents', 'Ultrasonics', 'Verapamil', 'beta-Cyclodextrins']
| 23,215,690
|
[['D04.345.103.333.500', 'D09.301.915.400.375.333.500', 'D09.698.365.855.400.375.333.500'], ['D12.776.157.530.100.075', 'D12.776.157.530.450.074.500.500.250', 'D12.776.395.550.020.400', 'D12.776.543.550.192.400', 'D12.776.543.585.100.200', 'D12.776.543.585.450.074.500.500.250'], ['D12.776.157.530.100.075.063', 'D12.776.157.530.450.074.500.500.250.125', 'D12.776.395.550.020.400.153', 'D12.776.543.550.192.400.153', 'D12.776.543.585.100.200.125', 'D12.776.543.585.450.074.500.500.250.125'], ['D27.505.954.248.179'], ['G03.143'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['D27.505.519.562.249', 'D27.505.696.260.500', 'D27.505.954.411.192'], ['G04.346'], ['H01.158.703.007', 'H01.181.466'], ['E02.319.300'], ['G07.690.773.984.300'], ['G07.690.773.984.395'], ['D26.650.700.419', 'D27.720.744.770.419'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.251.210.190.630'], ['J01.637.512.600'], ['D12.776.624'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888.777', 'D02.455.849.291.850.777'], ['D10.251.882'], ['D27.720.877'], ['H01.671.031.849'], ['D02.092.471.683.953'], ['D04.345.103.333', 'D09.301.915.400.375.333', 'D09.698.365.855.400.375.333']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Quercitrin protects against ultraviolet B-induced cell death in vitro and in an in vivo zebrafish model.
|
Chronic exposure of skin to ultraviolet (UV) B radiation induces oxidative stress, which in turn, plays a crucial role in the induction of skin aging. The search for strategies to reverse skin aging is being constantly pursued. Here, the cytoprotective effect of quercitrin (QR) on UVB-induced cell injury in HaCaT human keratinocytes and in the zebrafish was investigated. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by the exposure of HaCaT cells to UVB radiation were significantly decreased after treatment with QR, and significantly so with QR at 50 ìM. As a result, QR reduced UVB-induced cell death and apoptosis in HaCaT cells. QR similarly reduced UVB-induced ROS generation and cell death in live zebrafish.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell Line', 'Embryo, Nonmammalian', 'Humans', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Quercetin', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Ultraviolet Rays', 'Zebrafish']
| 22,727,929
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A13.350', 'A16.331'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.284.777', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.284.777'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.200.244.828']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Screening for mutations in the phenylalanine hydroxylase gene from Italian patients with phenylketonuria by using the chemical cleavage method: a new splice mutation.
|
To investigate the molecular basis of phenylketonuria in Italy we applied the chemical cleavage method (CCM) on amplified DNA encompassing exons 7 and 8 of the phenylalanine hydroxylase gene. These exons are in a region likely to be involved in enzyme function. Using this approach, we could simultaneously screen for novel mutations and for seven reported mutations which map in this area. Three mutations were identified. The first was shown to be a not previously described mutation: a G----A substitution at the 5' donor junction splice site of intron 7. The second change was a reported G----A mutation at codon 261. The third change corresponded to a polymorphism at codon 245. Our results indicate that CCM analysis of amplified genomic DNA fragments can be successfully used to search for mutations in large genes whose transcripts are not readily available.
|
['Base Sequence', 'DNA', 'Exons', 'Genetic Testing', 'Humans', 'Italy', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'Phenylalanine Hydroxylase', 'Phenylketonurias', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length']
| 1,671,810
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['E01.370.225.562', 'E05.200.562', 'E05.393.435', 'N02.421.308.430', 'N02.421.726.233.221'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.601'], ['C10.228.140.163.100.687', 'C16.320.565.100.766', 'C16.320.565.189.687', 'C18.452.132.100.687', 'C18.452.648.100.766', 'C18.452.648.189.687'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G05.365.795.595']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Microtubule nucleating gamma-TuSC assembles structures with 13-fold microtubule-like symmetry.
|
Microtubules are nucleated in vivo by gamma-tubulin complexes. The 300-kDa gamma-tubulin small complex (gamma-TuSC), consisting of two molecules of gamma-tubulin and one copy each of the accessory proteins Spc97 and Spc98, is the conserved, essential core of the microtubule nucleating machinery. In metazoa multiple gamma-TuSCs assemble with other proteins into gamma-tubulin ring complexes (gamma-TuRCs). The structure of gamma-TuRC indicated that it functions as a microtubule template. Because each gamma-TuSC contains two molecules of gamma-tubulin, it was assumed that the gamma-TuRC-specific proteins are required to organize gamma-TuSCs to match 13-fold microtubule symmetry. Here we show that Saccharomyces cerevisiae gamma-TuSC forms rings even in the absence of other gamma-TuRC components. The yeast adaptor protein Spc110 stabilizes the rings into extended filaments and is required for oligomer formation under physiological buffer conditions. The 8-A cryo-electron microscopic reconstruction of the filament reveals 13 gamma-tubulins per turn, matching microtubule symmetry, with plus ends exposed for interaction with microtubules, implying that one turn of the filament constitutes a microtubule template. The domain structures of Spc97 and Spc98 suggest functions for conserved sequence motifs, with implications for the gamma-TuRC-specific proteins. The gamma-TuSC filaments nucleate microtubules at a low level, and the structure provides a strong hypothesis for how nucleation is regulated, converting this less active form to a potent nucleator.
|
['Buffers', 'Calmodulin-Binding Proteins', 'Cryoelectron Microscopy', 'Cytoskeletal Proteins', 'Microtubule-Associated Proteins', 'Microtubules', 'Models, Biological', 'Models, Molecular', 'Multiprotein Complexes', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Tubulin']
| 20,631,709
|
[['D27.720.470.280'], ['D12.776.157.142'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.150', 'E05.595.402.150'], ['D12.776.220'], ['D12.776.220.600.450', 'D12.776.631.560'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750.602'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E05.599.595'], ['D05.500'], ['D12.776.660'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['D05.750.078.734.800', 'D12.776.220.600.800', 'D12.776.631.920']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Disorders of consciousness: preliminary data supports added value of extended behavioural assessment.
|
BACKGROUND: The use of validated behavioural assessment scales in assessment of patients with Disorders of Consciousness (DOC) is well established. However, there is little evidence to guide decisions on total time spent in behavioural assessment.OBJECTIVE: To assess whether brief behavioural assessment was as effective as extended behavioural assessment in detecting non-vegetative behaviours.METHODS: Consecutive patients with suspected DOC were assessed with two standardized instruments: Coma Recovery Scale Revised (CRS-R) and Sensory Modality Assessment and Rehabilitation Technique (SMART). Assessors were blinded to results from the other scale at the point of assessment. Two administrations of CRS-R together took 50-60 minutes ('brief' assessment). One complete SMART assessment took 600 minutes ('extended' assessment). Patients were classified as being in a vegetative state (VS) or minimally conscious state (MCS)/emerged from minimally conscious state (EMCS), following brief and extended assessment.RESULTS: Ten patients were assessed. Brief and extended assessment yielded the same diagnostic category (VS or MCS) for six patients and different categories for four, with extended assessment detecting higher level behaviours.CONCLUSIONS: Brief behavioural assessment was not as effective as extended assessment in detecting non-vegetative behaviours. Total time spent in behavioural assessment is likely important. Further studies and clearer clinical guidance are needed.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Brain Injuries', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Monitoring, Physiologic', 'Persistent Vegetative State', 'Prognosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Psychometrics', 'Recovery of Function', 'Trauma Severity Indices']
| 22,360,525
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.228.140.199', 'C10.900.300.087', 'C26.915.300.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.520'], ['C10.228.140.140.627', 'C10.597.606.358.800.400', 'C23.888.592.604.359.800.400'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['F04.711.780'], ['G16.757'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.875', 'E05.944', 'N04.452.859.564.800', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.800', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Scanning electron microscopy: morphology of aortic endothelium following injury by endotoxin and during subsequent repair.
|
A single injection of endotoxin P45 Poly Serratia marcescens was used to induce endothelial injury in rabbits. The aortic endothelium was examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), at various times after administration of endotoxin, using the technique of silver staining and pressure fixation. Within one hour after injection, some endothelial cells were curled-up and spindle-shaped in appearance. Areas of aorta devoid of endothelial cover were occasionally observed and platelets were sometimes found adhering to these sites. Two and four weeks after initial injury no spindle-shaped cells were found. Instead, some endothelial cells were heavily stained with silver. Small denuded zones were still found and these were surrounded by brightly silver-stained cells. This study confirms that endotoxin rapidly causes endothelial injury and suggests that regenerating endothelial cells which were formed following injury are avidly stained by silver salts and appear as bright cells by SEM.
|
['Animals', 'Aorta, Thoracic', 'Arteriosclerosis', 'Endotoxins', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Rabbits', 'Serratia marcescens']
| 322,678
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056.372'], ['C14.907.137.126'], ['D23.946.123.329'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['B03.440.450.425.814.664', 'B03.660.250.150.720.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Randomized controlled trial of Qigong/Tai Chi Easy on cancer-related fatigue in breast cancer survivors.
|
BACKGROUND: Many breast cancer survivors experience fatigue, mood, and sleep disturbances.PURPOSE: This study aims to compare a meditative movement practice, Qigong/Tai Chi Easy (QG/TCE) with sham Qigong (SQG), testing effects of meditation/breath aspects of QG/TCE on breast cancer survivors' persistent fatigue and other symptoms.METHODS: This double-blind, randomized controlled trial tested 12 weeks of QG/TCE versus SQG on fatigue, depression, and sleep among 87 postmenopausal, fatigued breast cancer survivors, stages 0-III, age 40-75.RESULTS: Fatigue decreased significantly in the QG/TCE group compared to control at post-intervention (p = 0.005) and 3 months follow-up (p = 0.024), but not depression and sleep quality. Improvement occurred over time for both interventions in depression and sleep quality (all p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: QG/TCE showed significant improvement over time compared to SQG for fatigue, but not depression or sleep. Both QG/TCE and SQG showed improvement for two prevalent symptoms among breast cancer survivors, depression and sleep dysfunction.
|
['Aged', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Fatigue', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Qigong', 'Quality of Life', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Survivors', 'Tai Ji', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 25,124,456
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['C23.888.369'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.190.525.186.500', 'E02.779.474.124.500'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.860'], ['E02.190.525.890', 'E02.779.474.913', 'I03.450.642.845.560.500'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Ultrafast magnetic resonance imaging of central nervous system abnormalities in utero in the second and third trimester of pregnancy: comparison with ultrasound.
|
OBJECTIVE: To assess the ability of ultrafast magnetic resonance imaging to visualise abnormalities in the central nervous system of third trimester fetuses in utero and to compare the results with the current 'reference standard' of ultrasound and postnatal imaging or post-mortem data.DESIGN: A prospective, observational study comparing the diagnostic accuracy of two imaging methods: antenatal ultrasound and antenatal magnetic resonance with each other and postnatal or post mortem data.POPULATION: Twenty-one pregnant women of 19-36 weeks of gestation whose fetus were thought to have a central nervous system abnormality on the basis of antenatal ultrasound. The women had either not been offered or had refused a termination and were willing to have a magnetic resonance scan.METHODS: A 1.5T magnetic resonance scanner used a single shot fast spin echo sequence, in three image planes. The results were compared with the ultrasound results obtained by an experienced investigator independently. A series of 21 patients, with a range of pathologies of central nervous system, were imaged. Postnatal ultrasound and/or magnetic resonance imaging, or post-mortem data were used for additional confirmation of the pathology in all cases.RESULTS: The magnetic resonance report was different to the ultrasound in 10/21 (47.6%), magnetic resonance provided information additional to the ultrasound in 5/21 (23.8%), ultrasound and magnetic resonance results agreed in 6/21 cases (28.6%).CONCLUSION: Magnetic resonance in the third trimester provides a useful adjuvant to ultrasound imaging of the fetus when assessing abnormalities of the central nervous system after 19 weeks of gestation particularly if the abnormality involves the posterior fossa.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Brain', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Trimester, Second', 'Pregnancy Trimester, Third', 'Prospective Studies', 'Spine', 'Ultrasonography, Prenatal']
| 11,368,139
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.707.490'], ['G08.686.707.520'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['A02.835.232.834'], ['E01.370.350.850.865', 'E01.370.378.630.865']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[The comparison of short-term outcome between aqueous drainage pathway reconstruction surgery versus canaloplasty for open angle glaucoma].
|
OBJECTIVE: To compare the safety and efficacy between canaloplasty and aqueous drainage pathway reconstruction surgery in patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG).METHODS: It is a retrospective case series study. Thirty-one eyes (25 patients) with OAG were divided into canaloplasty (n = 17; 54.8%) group or aqueous drainage pathway reconstruction (n = 14; 45.2%) group. The intraocular pressure (IOP), numbers of IOP-lowering medications and incidence of complications were recorded at 1 day, 1 week, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after the operation. Independent-samples T test was used to compare the IOP, numbers of IOP-lowering medications before and 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 months after surgery between two groups. Kaplan-Meier Survival Analysis was used to analyze the success rate of these two surgical methods. Log rank test was used to compare the difference of cumulative success rate at 6, 12 months after surgery.RESULTS: The mean IOP values were (24.7 ± 8.7) , (14.5 ± 2.5), (14.9 ± 2.5) , (14.9 ± 2.5), (14.7 ± 2.1) and (15.4 ± 2.3) mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) in canaloplasty group at before surgery, 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after surgery. The same values were (28.5 ± 10.6), (14.3 ± 3.6), (14.2 ± 3.2), (14.3 ± 3.6), (15.9 ± 3.2) and (14.6 ± 0.7) mmHg in aqueous drainage pathway reconstruction group. There was no difference in the extent of IOP reduction between these two groups (preoperative: t = -1.1014, P = 0.278; postoperative 1 month: t = 0.696, P = 0.492;3 month: t = 0.594, P = 0.557; 6 month: t = 0.536, P = 0.596; 12 month: t = -1.127, P = 0.273; 24 month: t = 0.455, P = 0.656). There were significant differences (P < 0.01) in post-surgery IOP lowering medication usage between these two groups, while pre-surgery medication usage were similar. The incidence of hyphema was significantly lower in aqueous drainage pathway reconstruction surgery group (2 eyes) than that in canaloplasty group (11 eyes).CONCLUSIONS: Both canaloplasty and aqueous drainage pathway reconstruction could reduce IOP effectively for open-angle glaucoma. The incidence of complication was lower in the aqueous drainage pathway reconstruction group than canaloplasty group. However, long-term efficacy between these two groups is yet to be determined.
|
['Aged', 'Aqueous Humor', 'Drainage', 'Filtering Surgery', 'Glaucoma, Open-Angle', 'Humans', 'Intraocular Pressure', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tonometry, Ocular', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Visual Acuity']
| 25,052,802
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['A09.371.060.067.070', 'A12.207.270.040'], ['E02.309', 'E04.237'], ['E04.540.450'], ['C11.525.381.407'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G14.440'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.370.380.750'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Interaction between embryonic rat superior cervical ganglion and syngeneic heart fragments in a confronting culture.
|
Freshly dissected 17-19 days embryonic superior cervical ganglia are confronted with 0.5 mm diameter heart fragments of the same Wistar rat. Incubation in vitro at 37 degrees C of confronting heart-ganglion pairs is carried out in Dulbecco's medium on a gyratory shaker. Fixation and staining followed after 2 hr, 1, 3 and 6 days of incubation. Histological analysis with light and electron microscopy revealed the interaction between the sympathetic ganglion and its target organ. Ingrowth of axons rich in neurofilaments and neurotubules and containing light and dense core vesicles, is observed.
|
['Animals', 'Axons', 'Catecholamines', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Communication', 'Culture Techniques', 'Cytoskeleton', 'Embryo, Mammalian', 'Ganglia, Sympathetic', 'Heart', 'Myocardium', 'Neurons', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains']
| 6,682,717
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.675.542.145', 'A11.284.180.075', 'A11.671.137', 'A11.671.501.145'], ['D02.092.311', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175'], ['G04.022'], ['G04.085'], ['E05.481.500'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750'], ['A16.254'], ['A08.340.315.350', 'A08.800.050.300.300', 'A08.800.050.800.300'], ['A07.541'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sphingosine-1-phosphate promotes erythrocyte glycolysis and oxygen release for adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia.
|
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive signalling lipid highly enriched in mature erythrocytes, with unknown functions pertaining to erythrocyte physiology. Here by employing nonbiased high-throughput metabolomic profiling, we show that erythrocyte S1P levels rapidly increase in 21 healthy lowland volunteers at 5,260 m altitude on day 1 and continue increasing to 16 days with concurrently elevated erythrocyte sphingonisne kinase 1 (Sphk1) activity and haemoglobin (Hb) oxygen (O2) release capacity. Mouse genetic studies show that elevated erythrocyte Sphk1-induced S1P protects against tissue hypoxia by inducing O2 release. Mechanistically, we show that intracellular S1P promotes deoxygenated Hb anchoring to the membrane, enhances the release of membrane-bound glycolytic enzymes to the cytosol, induces glycolysis and thus the production of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG), an erythrocyte-specific glycolytic intermediate, which facilitates O2 release. Altogether, we reveal S1P as an intracellular hypoxia-responsive biolipid promoting erythrocyte glycolysis, O2 delivery and thus new therapeutic opportunities to counteract tissue hypoxia.
|
['2,3-Diphosphoglycerate', 'Adaptation, Physiological', 'Adult', 'Altitude Sickness', 'Animals', 'Erythrocytes', 'Female', 'Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (Phosphorylating)', 'Glycolysis', 'Humans', 'Hypoxia', 'Lysophospholipids', 'Male', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Mutant Strains', 'Oxygen', 'Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)', 'Sphingosine']
| 27,417,539
|
[['D02.241.081.844.387.388.175', 'D02.241.511.902.387.388.175', 'D02.705.400.140.175', 'D09.811.366.388.175'], ['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C08.618.020'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['D08.811.682.657.163.750.350'], ['G02.111.158.750', 'G03.191.750', 'G03.295.436', 'G03.493.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.888.852.079'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.550'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['D08.811.913.696.620'], ['D02.033.100.700', 'D02.033.455.843', 'D02.092.063.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Updated Systematic Review of Achalasia, with a Focus on POEM Therapy.
|
AIM: To systematically review clinical presentation, diagnosis, and therapy of achalasia, focusing on recent developments in high-resolution esophageal manometry (HREM) for diagnosis and peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for therapy.METHODS: Systematic review of achalasia using computerized literature search via PubMed and Ovid of articles published since 2005 with keywords ("achalasia") AND ("high resolution" or "HREM" or "peroral endoscopic myotomy" or "POEM"). Two authors independently performed literature searches and incorporated articles into this review by consensus according to prospectively determined criteria.RESULTS: Achalasia is an uncommon esophageal motility disorder, usually manifested by dysphagia to solids and liquids, and sometimes manifested by chest pain, regurgitation, and weight loss. Symptoms often suggest more common disorders, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), thus often delaying diagnosis. Achalasia is a predominantly idiopathic chronic disease. Diagnosis is typically suggested by barium swallow showing esophageal dilation; absent distal esophageal peristalsis; smoothly tapered narrowing ("bird's beak") at esophagogastric junction; and delayed passage of contrast into stomach. Diagnostic findings at high-resolution esophageal manometry (HREM) include: distal esophageal aperistalsis and integrated relaxation pressure (trough LES pressure during 4 s) > 15 mmHg. Achalasia is classified by HREM into: type 1 classic; type 2 compartmentalized high pressure in esophageal body, and type 3 spastic. This classification impacts therapeutic decisions. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy is required before therapy to assess esophagus and esophagogastric junction and to exclude distal esophageal malignancy. POEM is a revolutionizing achalasia therapy. POEM creates a myotomy via interventional endoscopy. Numerous studies demonstrate that POEM produces comparable, if not superior, results compared to standard laparoscopic Heller myotomy (LHM), as determined by LES pressure, dysphagia frequency, Eckardt score, hospital length of stay, therapy durability, and incidence of GERD. Other therapies, including botulinum toxin injection and pneumatic dilation, have moderately less efficacy and much less durability than POEM.CONCLUSION: This comprehensive review suggests that POEM is equivalent or perhaps superior to LHM for achalasia in terms of cost efficiency, hospital length of stay, and relief of dysphagia, with comparable side effects. The data are, however, not conclusive due to sparse long-term follow-up and lack of randomized comparative clinical trials. POEM therapy is currently limited by a shortage of trained endoscopists.
|
['Deglutition', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Esophageal Achalasia', 'Esophagus', 'Humans', 'Manometry', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Pyloromyotomy', 'Recovery of Function', 'Risk Factors', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 31,451,984
|
[['G10.261.178'], ['E01.171'], ['C06.405.117.119.500.432'], ['A03.556.875.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.559'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E04.210.240.250.760', 'E04.210.419.500', 'E04.515.375'], ['G16.757'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Flow microfluorometric analysis of nuclear DNA in cells from solid tumors and cell suspensions. A new method for rapid isolation and straining of nuclei.
|
A one-step procedure for the preparation of nuclei for flow microfluorometric DNA analysis is described. The membranes of the cells were lysed by the non-ionic detergent Nonidet P40. Single-cell suspensions, and specimens of solid tissues obtained with fine-needle biopsy, could be prepared equally well as the nuclei of solid tissue cells were released separately. Lysis was performed in the staining solution containing either ethidium bromide or propidium iodide. Fluorescence due to fluorochrome binding to RNA, was abolished instantaneously by the presence of RNA-se, and fluorochrome binding to secondary binding sites in DNA was inhibited with NaCl. The preparation time was 10 min and the samples were stable for a minimum of 12 h. With the basic version of the method, usable, but not always optimal, results were obtained in all the cell types tested: four different mouse ascites tumors, leucocytes, bone-marrow, liver cells, human lymphomas, human carcinomas of the breast and lung, mouse mammary carcinoma and solid JB-1 tumor. The method was further optimized for the JB-1 ascites tumour. The resulting two modified techniques are described. Differences in the staining of leucocytes with the analogues ethidium bromide and propidium iodide were demonstrated.
|
['Animals', 'Biopsy, Needle', 'Bone Marrow', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Carcinoma', 'Cell Nucleus', 'DNA, Neoplasm', 'Female', 'Fluorometry', 'Humans', 'Leukocytes', 'Liver', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Lymphoma', 'Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental', 'Mice']
| 410,154
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.119', 'E01.370.225.998.054.119', 'E01.370.388.100.100', 'E04.074.119', 'E04.665.100', 'E05.200.500.384.100.119', 'E05.200.998.054.119', 'E05.242.384.100.119'], ['A15.382.216'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['C04.557.470.200'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['D13.444.308.425'], ['E05.196.712.516.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637', 'A15.145.229.637', 'A15.382.490'], ['A03.620'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['C04.557.386', 'C15.604.515.569', 'C20.683.515.761'], ['C04.588.531.500', 'C04.619.590', 'E05.598.500.496.843'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dysfunctional personality traits in adolescence: effects on alerting, orienting and executive control of attention.
|
The present study examined attentional networks performance in 39 adolescents with dysfunctional personality traits, split into two group, Group < 10 and Group ? 10, according to the number of criteria they met at the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Personality Disorders. The attentional performance has been tested by means of a modified version of the Attentional Network Test (ANTI-V) which allows testing both phasic and tonic components of the alerting system, the exogenous aspect of the orienting system, the executive network and their interactions. Results showed that the orienting costs of having an invalid spatial cue were reduced in the Group ? 10 criteria compared to the Group < 10. Moreover, adolescents included in the Group ? 10 showed lower conflict when attention was cued to the target location (valid trials) but showed normal interference when there was no overpowering focus of attention (invalid trials). The results found with ANOVA after splitting the sample into two categorical groups were also observed in a complementary correlation analysis keeping intact the continuous nature of such variables. These findings are consistent with the notion that dysfunctional features of personality disorders may represent the psychological manifestations of a neuropsychological abnormality in attention and executive functioning. Finally, we discuss the implications of this attentional anomaly for dysfunctional personality traits and behaviour.
|
['Acoustic Stimulation', 'Adolescent', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Arousal', 'Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity', 'Executive Function', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Orientation', 'Personality Disorders', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Reaction Time', 'Signal Detection, Psychological', 'Statistics as Topic']
| 28,285,372
|
[['E02.037', 'E02.190.888.030', 'E05.723.136'], ['M01.060.057'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['F02.830.104', 'G11.561.035'], ['F03.625.094.150'], ['F02.463.217'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.711.513'], ['F01.058.577', 'F02.830.606'], ['F03.675'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['E01.370.685.814', 'E05.796.908', 'F02.463.593.257.800', 'F02.463.593.710.725', 'F04.096.753.814', 'F04.669.908'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Determination of trace glucose and forecast of human diseases by affinity adsorption solid substrate-room temperature phosphorimetry based on triticum vulgaris lectin labeled with dendrimers-porphyrin dual luminescence molecule.
|
In this paper, 3.5-generation polyamidoamine dendrimers (3.5G-D)-porphyrin (P) dual luminescence molecule (3.5G-D-P) was developed as a new phosphorescence-labeling reagent. Meanwhile, the room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) characteristics of 3.5G-D-P and its product of labeling triticum vulgaris lectin (WGA) on the surface of polyamide membrane (PAM) were studied. Results showed that in the presence of heavy atom perturber LiAc, 3.5G-D and P of 3.5G-D-P molecule could emit strong and stable RTP on the PAM. And the Tween-80 would spike thoroughly the phosphorescence signal of 3.5G-D and P; moreover, specific affinity absorption (AA) reaction between the products (Tween-80-3.5G-D-P-WGA) of WGA labeled with Tween-80-3.5G-D-P and glucose (G) was carried out. The products of the AA reaction could keep good RTP characteristics of 3.5G-D and P dual luminescence molecule, and the DeltaI(p) was linear correlation to the content of G. According to the facts above, a new method of affinity adsorption solid substrate-room temperature phosphorimetry (AA-SS-RTP) for the determination of trace G was established, basing on WGA labeled with Tween-80-3.5G-D-P dual luminescence molecule. The detection limit of this method was 0.13fgspot(-1) (1.7x10(-12)moll(-1), 3.5G-D) and 0.14fgspot(-1) (2.2x10(-12)moll(-1), P). Determination of G in human serum using excitation/emission wavelength of either 3.5G-D or P, the result was coincided with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Not only the sensitivity and accuracy of this method were higher, but also the flexibility of AA-SS-RTP was obviously improved and the applicability was wider.
|
['Adsorption', 'Dendrimers', 'Disease', 'Glucose', 'Humans', 'Luminescence', 'Porphyrins', 'Spectrum Analysis', 'Temperature', 'Wheat Germ Agglutinins']
| 18,371,685
|
[['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['D05.750.327', 'E02.319.300.380.200', 'J01.637.512.600.200'], ['C23.550.288'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665', 'G01.590.540.665', 'G01.750.250.650.665', 'G01.750.770.578.665'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.500', 'D03.633.400.909.500', 'D04.345.783.500', 'D23.767.727'], ['E05.196.867'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['D12.776.503.499.968', 'D12.776.765.678.968']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents increase intestinal permeability].
|
51Cr-EDTA activity was measured in urine and blood of patients receiving non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSA) drug treatment and of healthy subjects and other patients (controls), after oral intake of 51Cr-EDTA, for the purpose of deciding whether NSA treatment increases urinary excretion of oral 51Cr-EDTA as an expression of increased intestinal permeability. 51Cr-EDTA activity in urine and blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (13) being treated with NSA was significantly higher (similar to results in 13 patients with Crohn's disease) than that of a control group (14) of patients with rheumatoid arthritis without such treatment (9) and patients without rheumatic disease (5). Both in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving NSA drugs and patients with Crohn's disease there was a highly significant correlation between urinary and blood activity. There was no effect of NSA drugs on renal function. The results indicate that NSA drugs increase interenterocytic permeability to an extent comparable to permeability abnormalities in Crohn's disease.
|
['Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Cell Membrane Permeability', 'Chromium Radioisotopes', 'Crohn Disease', 'Edetic Acid', 'Humans', 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'Stimulation, Chemical']
| 3,109,868
|
[['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['G03.143.335', 'G04.175'], ['D01.268.556.175.500.349', 'D01.268.956.124.500.349', 'D01.496.212.349', 'D01.496.749.213', 'D01.552.544.175.500.349'], ['C06.405.205.731.500', 'C06.405.469.432.500'], ['D02.092.782.258.368.250', 'D02.241.081.018.253'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.556.124.369', 'A10.615.550.444'], ['G07.690.773.996']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The Effect of Screw Design on Union Rates in Scaphoid Nonunions.
|
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to compare the outcome of the conical fully threaded headless screw to that of a smooth shaft headless screw in a series of scaphoid nonunions requiring screw fixation to determine if screw design had an influence on union rates.METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 104 cases of surgically treated scaphoid nonunions. After eliminating cases with our exclusion criteria, the study cohort had 40 cases for analysis. A comparison and analysis of union rates was undertaken between the fully threaded Acutrak 2 mini screw and the smooth shaft Herbert screw.RESULTS: Overall union rate for screw fixation was 88%. The fully threaded conical screw fixation had a significantly lower union rate of 50% compared to 97% for the smooth shaft screws.CONCLUSIONS: Our data revealed that the fully threaded conical screws were associated with significantly lower union rate compared to the smooth shaft Herbert type screws.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Bone Screws', 'Equipment Design', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Fracture Fixation, Internal', 'Fractures, Ununited', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Scaphoid Bone', 'Wrist Injuries', 'Young Adult']
| 26,051,768
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E07.695.370.437', 'E07.858.442.660.460.437', 'E07.858.690.725.460.437'], ['E05.320'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E04.555.300.300'], ['C26.404.468'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['A02.835.232.087.319.150.750'], ['C26.088.906'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Immunological studies of poisonous anacardiaceae: production of tolerance in guinea pigs using 3-n-pentadecylcatechol-"modified" autologous blood cells.
|
The development of contact sensitivity to poison ivy urushiol in guinea pigs was prevented by intravenous injection of 3-n-pentadecylcatechol (I) coupled to autologous blood cells. Hartley, line-bred, guinea pigs were treated with pentadecylcatechol-"modified" blood cells or sham-treated blood cells 2 weeks prior to attempted topical sensitization with I. Skin testing of all guinea pigs with 3-, 1-, and 0.3-microgram doses of I applied in 5 microliter of acetone to abdominal skin sites was begun 2 weeks after attempted sensitization and repeated at 2- or 4-week intervals thereafter for 6 months or until study termination. Profound tolerance to I was observed at all skin testing intervals in the group receiving haptenated red cells and did not weaken with time. Contact sensitivity to I in control animals, however, waned with time; the study was terminated at 6 months because of the low sensitivity level of the control animals at that period. Complete or partial tolerance was induced in approximately 80% of the treated animals. The immune tolerance obtained by the single injection of pentadecylcatechol-associated red blood cells was of long duration and urushiol specific. This treatment also conferred tolerance to three unsaturated congeners of I. The allergenic potencies of the pentadecylcatechols declined with increasing saturation of the alkyl side chain. Binding studies using tritiated pentadecylcatechol showed that 81% of the activity incorporated into the red cell was membrane associated and that 19% was cell sap associated.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Cells', 'Catechols', 'Dermatitis, Toxicodendron', 'Female', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Immune Tolerance', 'Skin Tests']
| 6,455,512
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.118', 'A15.145.229'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.166'], ['C17.800.174.255.100.700', 'C17.800.815.255.100.700', 'C20.543.418.150.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['G12.535.425'], ['E01.370.225.812.871', 'E05.200.812.871', 'E05.478.594.890']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Discordance between self-reported contraceptive use and detection of exogenous hormones among Malawian women enrolling in a randomized clinical trial.
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OBJECTIVE: The objective was to assess the extent of concordance between self-reported contraceptive use and the presence of contraceptive progestins in serum.STUDY DESIGN: We evaluated self-reported contraceptive use by using radioimmunoassay to examine baseline serum levels of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and levonorgestrel (LNG) among 97 Malawian women enrolling in a contraceptive trial.RESULTS: Twelve percent (12/97) of study participants who reported no hormonal contraceptive use in the previous 6months had either MPA or LNG detected in their serum.CONCLUSIONS: The observed discordance between self-report and detection of exogenous hormones in serum indicates that caution is warranted when drawing conclusions based on self-reported contraceptive use.
|
['Adult', 'Contraception Behavior', 'Contraceptive Agents, Female', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Levonorgestrel', 'Malawi', 'Medroxyprogesterone Acetate', 'Radioimmunoassay', 'Self Report', 'Truth Disclosure']
| 29,246,819
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.688.500', 'G08.686.784.891.500'], ['D27.505.696.875.360.276', 'D27.505.954.705.360.276'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.668.651.693.762.450'], ['Z01.058.290.175.500'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829.395.700.500'], ['E01.370.384.700', 'E05.478.566.639', 'E05.601.470.639'], ['E05.318.308.980.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.500'], ['F01.829.401.046.800', 'I01.880.604.583.080.134.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
In utero fetal oximetry via visible light spectroscopy in twin-twin transfusion syndrome.
|
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess fetal tissue venous oxygenation (StO2%) in utero during laser therapy for twin-twin transfusion syndrome via visible light spectroscopy (VLS).STUDY DESIGN: StO2% was measured in 10 donor and recipient twins at the level of the skin and placenta before and after laser therapy (SLPCV).RESULTS: Pre-SLPCV skin StO2% was significantly lower in the donor than in the recipient twin (21.6 +/- 6.2 vs 31.2 +/- 8.6, respectively; P = .01), but the difference disappeared after SLPCV. Placental surface StO2% measurements in 5 patients showed a significant increase in StO2% in the territory of the recipient (P = .04). Preoperative linear streaming as evidence of nonadmixing deoxygenated and oxygenated blood disappeared after SLPCV.CONCLUSION: In utero StO2% measurement is possible with VLS. Donor twins can have significantly less StO2% than recipient twins, but this is corrected after SLPCV. Further studies are warranted to determine the value of in utero VLS oximetry.
|
['Adult', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Fetal Development', 'Fetal Mortality', 'Fetofetal Transfusion', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'Laser Coagulation', 'Oximetry', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Outcome', 'Pregnancy, Multiple', 'Prenatal Diagnosis', 'Risk Assessment', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Spectrum Analysis', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Twins, Monozygotic']
| 18,667,174
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['G07.345.500.325.235', 'G08.686.784.170.157'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.362', 'N01.224.935.698.300', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.362', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.362'], ['C15.378.071.363.344', 'C16.614.053.344'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.520.745.410', 'E02.594.530', 'E04.014.520.530', 'E04.350.750.410', 'E04.540.630.410'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.100.600', 'E01.370.370.380.600', 'E01.370.386.700.100.600', 'E05.200.124.100.100.600'], ['G03.680'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.789.700', 'G08.686.784.769.496'], ['G08.686.784.769.545'], ['E01.370.378.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E05.196.867'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.438.873.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
IL-4R(alpha), a new member that associates with Syk kinase: implication in IL-4-induced human neutrophil functions.
|
Although Syk has been reported to be associated with IL-2R beta [corrected] and IL-15R alpha in some hematopoietic cells, its association has never been investigated in the IL-4/IL-4R system. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that Syk is constitutively associated with IL-4R(alpha)in human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and that IL-4 stimulation increases the amount of Syk associated with IL-4R(alpha). Moreover, upon IL-4 treatment, a pool of Syk associated with IL-4R(alpha) is phosphorylated. We also report that such association is not unique to PMNs because Syk associates with IL-4R(alpha) in Raji and in PBMC cells. Stimulation of PMNs by IL-4 increased the amount of Syk associated with PLC-gamma2, pAkt, and alpha-tubulin. Pretreatment of cells with the Syk-selective inhibitor piceatannol or Syk inhibitor II, significantly inhibited the ability of IL-4 to enhance phagocytosis and cell adhesion and to delay apoptosis, and these results correlate with the ability of piceatannol to reduce Syk activation and its association with IL-4R(alpha). Down-regulation of Syk by antisense techniques demonstrates the importance of Syk in the antiapoptotic effect of IL-4. We conclude that association of Syk to IL-4R(alpha) is of biological significance and that IL-4R(alpha) is a new candidate to be added to the few cytokine receptor components which associate with Syk.
|
['Adjuvants, Immunologic', 'Androstadienes', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Line', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-4', 'Interleukin-4 Receptor alpha Subunit', 'Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Neutrophils', 'Phagocytosis', 'Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases', 'Phospholipase C gamma', 'Protein Kinase Inhibitors', 'Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'Stilbenes', 'Syk Kinase', 'Tubulin', 'Wortmannin']
| 19,783,684
|
[['D27.505.696.477.067'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.129'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['G04.022'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.251'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.186', 'D12.776.467.374.465.178', 'D23.529.374.465.186'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.420.360.300.200', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.420.360.600.200', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.420.600.800.200'], ['D12.644.360', 'D12.776.476'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['G04.417.350', 'G09.188.665', 'G12.450.564.809', 'G12.688'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.500'], ['D08.811.277.352.640.700.700.562.750', 'D12.644.360.571.750', 'D12.776.476.556.750'], ['D27.505.519.389.755'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.755', 'D12.776.476.565', 'D12.776.624.664.700.168'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.650', 'D12.644.360.900', 'D12.776.476.913'], ['D05.750.078.734.800', 'D12.776.220.600.800', 'D12.776.631.920'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.129.891']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Splenic marginal zone B-cell lymphomas: two cytogenetic subtypes, one with gain of 3q and the other with loss of 7q.
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Splenic marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (SMZBCL) has clinical, immunophenotypic and histologic features distinct from other B-cell malignancies, but few chromosome studies have been previously reported. In the present study we performed conventional cytogenetics and in situ hybridization studies in 47 patients with SMZBCL.DESIGN AND METHODS: We studied 47 cases of splenic marginal zone B-cell lymphoma combining conventional cytogenetics and in situ hybridization (ISH) techniques using centromeric probes (chromosomes 3 and 12), locus specific probes (7q31 and 17p13) and cross-species color banding fluorescent ISH probes (RxFISH). The diagnosis of SMZBCL was ascertained in all cases after studying, morphologically and immunologically, peripheral blood and splenectomy specimens.RESULTS: A clonal chromosome abnormality detected by conventional cytogenetics and/or FISH was found in 33/47 patients (70%) being identified in 18 (18/33, 55%) as a complex abnormality. The most frequently recurrent abnormalities were: gain of 3q (10 cases), del(7q) (12 cases), and involvement of chromosomes 1, 8 and 14. No patient showed translocation t(11;14) (q13;q32) or t(14;18) (q21;q32). Trisomy 3 was detected in eight cases (8/47, 17%). Two novel cytogenetic abnormalities involving 14q32, t(6;14)(p12;q32) and t(10;14) (q24;q32) were reported. Deletion of 17p13 (P53) was observed by FISH in one case. Only one patient showed a gain of 3q or trisomy 3 and deletion 7q in the same karyotype.INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the interpretation that two forms of SMZBCL could be considered, one with gain of 3q and the other with deletions at 7q.
|
['Chromosome Aberrations', 'Cytogenetic Analysis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymphoma, B-Cell', 'Male', 'Splenic Neoplasms']
| 11,146,574
|
[['C23.550.210', 'G05.365.590.175'], ['E01.370.225.500.385', 'E05.200.500.385', 'E05.242.385', 'E05.393.285'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.386.480.150', 'C15.604.515.569.480.150', 'C20.683.515.761.480.150'], ['C04.588.842', 'C15.604.744.680']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Advantages of spectrophotometric reading of ELISA plates for determination of the HBs/anti-HB system].
|
It has been tested some diluted HBsAg and anti-HBs positive sera by modified ELISA test. We have found a correlation between HBsAg titer and spectrophotometric reading value and we have shown it in a curve. On the other hand, by neutralization of different dilutions of a RIA anti-HBs positive serum with different dilutions of a HBsAg positive serum we have carried out a checkboard and we have found that the best titer for neutralizing HBsAg is 30 ng/ml. This HBsAg has been called "standard". Using HBsAg "standard" we have tested 50 sera of hemophiliacs and we have found 1 HBsAg positive (2%) and 38 anti-HBs positive patients (76%).
|
['Antibodies, Viral', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Hepatitis B', 'Hepatitis B Antibodies', 'Hepatitis B Surface Antigens', 'Hepatitis, Viral, Human', 'Humans', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Spectrophotometry']
| 7,039,638
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['C01.221.250.500', 'C01.925.256.430.400', 'C01.925.440.435', 'C06.552.380.705.437'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254.450.504', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254.450.504', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254.450.504'], ['D23.050.327.495.500.475'], ['C01.925.440', 'C06.552.380.705'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['E05.196.712.726', 'E05.196.867.826']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Clinical significance of plasma endothelin-1 in patients with chronic liver disease.
|
To determine the clinical significance of plasma endothelin-1 in chronic liver disease, these levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. The plasma endothelin-1 levels in patients with cirrhosis (N = 16) (2.04 +/- 0.25 pg/ml) and patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (N = 22) (2.23 +/- 0.17 pg/ml) increased significantly compared with controls (N = 16) (1.17 +/- 0.17 pg/ml) and patients with chronic hepatitis (N = 11) (1.09 +/- 0.19 pg/ml) (P < 0.01). The presence of ascites rather than tumor volume was associated with a significant elevation of endothelin-1. Endothelin-1 showed significant negative correlations with parameters of hepatic function, including indocyanine green clearance, serum albumin, and prothrombin time. Although endothelin-1 was not correlated with plasma renin activity and plasma endotoxin, it demonstrated a significant positive correlation with the plasma level of atrial natriuretic peptide (r = 0.42, P < 0.01). These findings demonstrate that plasma endothelin-1 increased in proportion to the severity of liver damage and may be causally related with the derangement of systemic/renal hemodynamics and fluid and electrolyte homeostasis seen in advanced liver disease.
|
['Atrial Natriuretic Factor', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Endothelins', 'Female', 'Hepatitis, Chronic', 'Humans', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Liver Function Tests', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radioimmunoassay', 'Renin']
| 7,995,194
|
[['D06.472.699.584.500', 'D12.644.548.585.500'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['D12.644.276.400', 'D12.776.467.400', 'D23.529.400'], ['C06.552.380.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.552.630', 'C23.550.355.412'], ['E01.370.372.460'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.384.700', 'E05.478.566.639', 'E05.601.470.639'], ['D08.811.277.656.074.500.780', 'D08.811.277.656.300.048.780', 'D08.811.277.656.837.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Safety and Efficacy of PD-1 Inhibitors Among HIV-Positive Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.
|
INTRODUCTION: Despite widespread administration of programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) pathway inhibitors among individuals with NSCLC, little is known about the safety and activity of these agents among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) - infected patients since this population has largely been excluded from immunotherapy clinical trials.METHODS: Here, we describe seven patients with metastatic NSCLC and HIV infection who were treated with PD-1 inhibitors nivolumab (two cases) or pembrolizumab (five cases with three in the first-line setting).RESULTS: Partial responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors were observed in three of seven cases. Among four patients with a programmed death ligand-1 tumor proportion score ?50%, three partial responses were observed. All patients received antiretroviral therapy while on anti-PD-1 treatment. None of the patients experienced grade 3 or 4 immune-related adverse events or immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, and none required PD-1 inhibitor dose interruption or discontinuation due to toxicity.CONCLUSIONS: Nivolumab and pembrolizumab can be safe and effective among patients with NSCLC and HIV. Larger studies will be needed to determine the overall safety and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors among cancer patients with HIV.
|
['Adult', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'B7-H1 Antigen', 'Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'HIV', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nivolumab', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Survival Rate']
| 29,631,035
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['D12.776.465.625', 'D12.776.467.150.300', 'D12.776.543.095.300', 'D23.050.301.285.400', 'D23.529.168.300'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060.829', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060.829', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200.829'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Sublingual tacrolimus as an alternative to intravenous route in patients with thoracic transplant: a retrospective study.
|
Tacrolimus (TRL) is an immunosuppressive drug characterized by a narrow therapeutic index, low bioavailability, and pharmacokinetic variability. Intravenous (i.v.) TRL may be needed whenever the oral route is unavailable. The small amount of infusion formulation (5 mg/mL) results in a large dilution and need for careful technical management of the infusion. This study addressed the feasibility to provide sublingual (SL) as an alternative to i.v.. TRL for transplanted patients. In a substudy, we performed a retrospective analysis of 17 lung and heart transplant patients using SL TRL. It included therapeutic drug monitoring and 4 area under curve (AUC) measurements. Patients received SL TRL on a dose-to-dose basis from the oral formulation. The mean age of the subjects (14 male, 3 female) was 35.3 ± 15.6 years; 146 trough (C(0)) samples were collected during the SL period (15.8 ± 20.6 days) showing a conformity level of 90.4%. Mean dose, C(0), and AUC of SL tacrolimus were 0.116 ± 0.096 mg/kg, 12.9 ± 5 ng/mL, and 230 ± 74 ng·h/mL, respectively, with an average 1 hour time to peak concentration. Acute rejection episodes, renal toxicity, and drug interactions were not observed. This study supported the convenience of short-term SL TRL administration, even in unconscious patients. Further investigations are needed to validate the dose range of the SL route.
|
['Administration, Sublingual', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Area Under Curve', 'Child', 'Female', 'Heart Transplantation', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Lung Transplantation', 'Male', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tacrolimus', 'Young Adult']
| 21,168,693
|
[['E02.319.267.100.878'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.740.200', 'G03.787.101', 'G07.690.725.064', 'N06.850.520.830.200'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E04.100.376.475', 'E04.928.220.390', 'E04.936.450.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['E04.928.600.495', 'E04.936.450.495'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['D02.540.505.810'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Compliance of commercial motorcyclists with road safety measures in a Nigerian metropolitan city.
|
Objectives: Motorcycle crashes are the second most common cause of road traffic injuries in Nigeria, which can be prevented through compliance with road safety measures. Compliance is defined as a state of being in accordance with established guidelines or legislations. There is a dearth of information on compliance with these measures by motorcyclists in Ibadan. Commercial motorcyclists often ignore safety measures, making them prone to accidents with other road users. This study therefore assessed the knowledge and reported compliance of commercial motorcyclists in Ibadan North Local Government Area with road safety measures as well as the factors influencing compliance.Data and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among motorcyclists in all 5 motorcycle parks in the city of Ibadan. Participants were selected through a simple random sampling technique after a proportional allocation to the size of the motorcyclists in the parks was concluded. A total of 439 motorcyclists were interviewed. A pretested, semistructured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, reported compliance, and attitudes toward road safety measures (Nigeria Highway Code). A total of 34 items on traffic rules and regulations were used to assess compliance. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used for analysis at a 5% level of significance.Result: Respondents were aged 34.4 ± 7.8 years. All respondents were male and 15.2% had a tertiary education in a university or institution of higher learning. About 20.0% had no proper formal or informal training as motorcyclists. Ninety-four respondents (21.6%) self-reported ever being involved in a motorcycle crash, of which 32 (34.0%) occurred 6 months preceding the study. About half of respondents (51.9%) had good knowledge of road safety measures. About 50.6% of the respondents were compliant with road safety measures. Only 54.4% of respondents who had ever been involved in a motorcycle crash were wearing a crash helmet at the time of the crash. However, 71.8% of respondents had a crash helmet with them during the study. About 73.6% owned the motorcycles they rode. About two thirds (60.4%) of motorcycle owners were significantly more compliant compared to 23.3% of those who were not owners. Respondents who were motorcycle owners were almost 4 times more likely to be compliant with road safety measures than those who were not owners (odds ratio [OR] = 4.0; confidence interval [CI], 2.0-7).Conclusion: Commercial motorcycle ownership and training contributed to knowledge and compliance with road safety measures and consequently low reporting of motorcycle crash. There is therefore the need to encourage ownership, conduct training, and create stringent laws to guide road safety.
|
['Accidents, Traffic', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Head Protective Devices', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Motorcycles', 'Nigeria', 'Safety']
| 31,710,254
|
[['N06.850.135.392'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E07.700.380', 'J01.637.708.560.750'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['J01.937.500.500'], ['Z01.058.290.190.565'], ['N06.850.135.060.075']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Glucose enhances expression of TRPC1 and calcium entry in endothelial cells.
|
Hyperglycemia is a major risk factor for endothelial dysfunction and vascular disease, and in the current study, the link to glucose-induced abnormal intracellular Ca(2+) (Ca(i)(2+)) homeostasis was explored in bovine aortic endothelial cells in high glucose (HG; 25 mmol/l) versus low glucose (LG; 5.5 mmol/l; control). Transient receptor potential 1 (TRPC1) ion channel protein, but not TRPC3, TRPC4, or TRPC6 expression, was significantly increased in HG versus LG at 72 h. HG for 4, 24, and 72 h did not change basal Ca(i)(2+) or ATP-induced Ca(i)(2+) release; however, the amplitude of sustained Ca(i)(2+) was significantly increased at 24 and 72 h and reduced by low concentration of the putative, but nonspecific, TRPC blockers, gadolinium, SKF-96365, and 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate. Treatment with TRPC1 antisense significantly reduced TRPC1 protein expression and ATP-induced Ca(2+) entry in bovine aortic endothelial cells. Although the link between HG-induced changes in TRPC1 expression, enhanced Ca(2+) entry, and endothelial dysfunction require further study, the current data are suggestive that targeting these pathways may reduce the impact of HG on endothelial function.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Animals', 'Antisense Elements (Genetics)', 'Arachidonic Acid', 'Blotting, Western', 'Boron Compounds', 'Calcium', 'Calcium Channel Blockers', 'Calcium Channels', 'Calcium Signaling', 'Cattle', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Endothelial Cells', 'Gadolinium', 'Glucose', 'Imidazoles', 'Indicators and Reagents', 'TRPC Cation Channels']
| 19,855,058
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['B01.050'], ['D13.150', 'D13.444.600.150', 'D27.720.470.530.600.150'], ['D10.251.355.255.100.100', 'D10.251.355.310.166.100'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['D01.132', 'D02.203'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D27.505.519.562.249', 'D27.505.696.260.500', 'D27.505.954.411.192'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.150', 'D12.776.543.550.450.150', 'D12.776.543.585.400.150'], ['G02.111.820.800.100', 'G03.143.500.100', 'G04.835.800.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.436.275'], ['D01.268.558.362.484', 'D01.552.550.399.484'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['D03.383.129.308'], ['D27.720.470.410'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.901.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.901.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Emotional Activation and Habituation During Imaginal Exposure for PTSD Among Women With Borderline Personality Disorder.
|
The current study examined patterns and outcomes of emotional activation and habituation during imaginal exposure for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Participants were 16 women with borderline personality disorder (BPD), PTSD, and recent suicidal and/or self-injurious behavior who received imaginal exposure for PTSD concurrently with dialectical behavior therapy. The intensity of global distress and 6 specific emotions were assessed before and after imaginal exposure trials. Results indicated that significant within-session habituation (WSH) occurred for global distress (Hedge's g effect size = -2.52) and fear (g = -0.80), whereas significant between-session habituation (BSH) occurred for global distress (g = -2.18), fear (g = -1.89), guilt (g = -1.14), shame (g = -0.74), and disgust (g = -0.41). BSH significantly predicted PTSD diagnostic status at posttreatment, whereas activation and WSH were unrelated to outcome. Clients who remitted from PTSD showed significantly more BSH in global distress than nonremitters (ç(2) = .39). In addition, remitters reported reductions in sadness and anger across trials, whereas sadness and anger increased for those who did not remit (ç(2) = .54 and .40, respectively). Overall, BPD clients exhibited patterns of activation and habituation during imaginal exposure comparable to other client populations, and there was no evidence of persistent emotional engagement or habituation problems.
|
['Adult', 'Anger', 'Borderline Personality Disorder', 'Emotions', 'Fear', 'Female', 'Habituation, Psychophysiologic', 'Humans', 'Implosive Therapy', 'Middle Aged', 'Self-Injurious Behavior', 'Shame', 'Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic', 'Suicide, Attempted']
| 26,062,135
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.093'], ['F03.675.100'], ['F01.470'], ['F01.470.361'], ['F02.463.425.393', 'F02.830.422', 'G11.561.312'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.754.137.506.325'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.145.126.980'], ['F01.470.483.666'], ['F03.950.750.500'], ['F01.145.126.980.875.600', 'I01.880.735.856.600']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Declines in serum free and bound choline concentrations in humans after three different types of major surgery.
|
We examined the changes in circulating choline status in humans in response to major surgery by measuring serum free and phospholipid-bound choline concentrations before, during and 1-72 h after total abdominal hysterectomy, off-pump coronary artery graft surgery or brain tumor surgery. Preoperatively, the mean serum free and phospholipid-bound choline concentrations in patients scheduled for abdominal hysterectomy (n = 26), off-pump coronary artery grafting surgery (n = 34) or brain tumor surgery (n = 24) were 12.3 +/- 0.5, 12.1 +/- 0.4 and 11.4 +/- 0.4 micromol/l, and 2495 +/- 75, 2590 +/- 115 and 2625 +/- 80 micromol/l, respectively. Serum free choline and phospholipid-bound choline concentrations decreased from these baseline values to 8.8 +/- 0.7 (p < 0.001), 8.8 +/- 0.5 (p < 0.001) and 8.2 +/- 0.4 micromol/l (p < 0.001), and 2050 +/- 108 (p < 0.001), 2166 +/- 59 (p < 0.001) and 1884 +/- 104 micromol/l (p < 0.001) at 1 h after hysterectomy, off-pump bypass graft surgery or brain tumor surgery, respectively. They remained at these low levels for 24 h and then gradually increased towards the preoperative values at 48-72 h postoperatively. Serum cortisol increased postoperatively in all surgical patients for 24 h and its levels were inversely correlated with serum free and bound choline concentrations. These results show that circulating free and bound choline concentrations decrease for 72 h after total abdominal hysterectomy, off-pump coronary artery graft surgery or brain tumor surgery in humans.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Choline', 'Coronary Artery Bypass', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hydrocortisone', 'Hysterectomy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neurosurgical Procedures', 'Phospholipids', 'Time Factors', 'Uterine Neoplasms']
| 15,576,301
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['D02.033.100.291.211', 'D02.092.063.291.211', 'D02.092.877.883.333', 'D02.675.276.232'], ['E04.100.376.719.332', 'E04.100.814.868.750', 'E04.928.220.520.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.600', 'D06.472.040.585.353.476', 'D06.472.040.585.478.392'], ['E04.950.300.399'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.525'], ['D10.570.755'], ['G01.910.857'], ['C04.588.945.418.948', 'C13.351.500.852.762', 'C13.351.937.418.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Random monoallelic gene expression increases upon embryonic stem cell differentiation.
|
Random autosomal monoallelic gene expression refers to the transcription of a gene from one of two homologous alleles. We assessed the dynamics of monoallelic expression during development through an allele-specific RNA-sequencing screen in clonal populations of hybrid mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and neural progenitor cells (NPCs). We identified 67 and 376 inheritable autosomal random monoallelically expressed genes in ESCs and NPCs, respectively, a 5.6-fold increase upon differentiation. Although DNA methylation and nuclear positioning did not distinguish the active and inactive alleles, specific histone modifications were differentially enriched between the two alleles. Interestingly, expression levels of 8% of the monoallelically expressed genes remained similar between monoallelic and biallelic clones. These results support a model in which random monoallelic expression occurs stochastically during differentiation and, for some genes, is compensated for by the cell to maintain the required transcriptional output of these genes.
|
['Alleles', 'Animals', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Lineage', 'Chromosomes', 'DNA Methylation', 'Embryonic Stem Cells', 'Gene Expression', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Sequence Analysis, RNA']
| 24,576,421
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.172', 'G07.345.500.325.180.500', 'G08.686.155', 'G08.686.784.170.104.249'], ['A11.284.187', 'A11.284.430.106.279.345.190', 'G05.360.162'], ['G02.111.035.538.161', 'G02.111.218', 'G03.059.538.161', 'G05.206'], ['A11.872.700.250'], ['G05.297'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['E05.393.760.710']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Slow inactivation in Shaker K channels is delayed by intracellular tetraethylammonium.
|
After removal of the fast N-type inactivation gate, voltage-sensitive Shaker (Shaker IR) K channels are still able to inactivate, albeit slowly, upon sustained depolarization. The classical mechanism proposed for the slow inactivation observed in cell-free membrane patches--the so called C inactivation--is a constriction of the external mouth of the channel pore that prevents K(+) ion conduction. This constriction is antagonized by the external application of the pore blocker tetraethylammonium (TEA). In contrast to C inactivation, here we show that, when recorded in whole Xenopus oocytes, slow inactivation kinetics in Shaker IR K channels is poorly dependent on external TEA but severely delayed by internal TEA. Based on the antagonism with internally or externally added TEA, we used a two-pulse protocol to show that half of the channels inactivate by way of a gate sensitive to internal TEA. Such gate had a recovery time course in the tens of milliseconds range when the interpulse voltage was -90 mV, whereas C-inactivated channels took several seconds to recover. Internal TEA also reduced gating charge conversion associated to slow inactivation, suggesting that the closing of the internal TEA-sensitive inactivation gate could be associated with a significant amount of charge exchange of this type. We interpreted our data assuming that binding of internal TEA antagonized with U-type inactivation (Klemic, K.G., G.E. Kirsch, and S.W. Jones. 2001. Biophys. J. 81:814-826). Our results are consistent with a direct steric interference of internal TEA with an internally located slow inactivation gate as a "foot in the door" mechanism, implying a significant functional overlap between the gate of the internal TEA-sensitive slow inactivation and the primary activation gate. But, because U-type inactivation is reduced by channel opening, trapping the channel in the open conformation by TEA would also yield to an allosteric delay of slow inactivation. These results provide a framework to explain why constitutively C-inactivated channels exhibit gating charge conversion, and why mutations at the internal exit of the pore, such as those associated to episodic ataxia type I in hKv1.1, cause severe changes in inactivation kinetics.
|
['Allosteric Site', 'Animals', 'Cytoplasm', 'Electrophysiology', 'Energy Transfer', 'Female', 'Ion Channel Gating', 'Kv1.4 Potassium Channel', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Mice', 'Oocytes', 'Potassium', 'Potassium Channel Blockers', 'Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Tetraethylammonium', 'Thermodynamics', 'Xenopus laevis']
| 19,029,372
|
[['G02.111.570.120.147'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.284.430.214'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['G01.154.240', 'G02.111.255', 'G02.216'], ['G02.111.820.400', 'G04.835.400', 'G07.265.625'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600.900.500.233', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750.900.500.233', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750.900.624.233'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A05.360.490.690.680', 'A11.497.497.600'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['D27.505.519.562.500', 'D27.505.954.411.645'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.500'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['D02.092.877.787.500', 'D02.675.276.787.500'], ['G01.906'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.610.500.562']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Purification of goat immunoglobulin G by immobilized metal-ion affinity using cross-linked alginate beads.
|
The alginate beads obtained by cross-linking of the polymer by epichlorohydrin were charged with Cu(II). The copper-charged beads could be directly used as a immobilized-metal-affinity-chromatographic medium for purification of goat IgG. The best results in the packed-bed mode were obtained by using beads charged with 95.4 micromol/ml Cu(II). We found that we could recover 97.4% IgG with an 8-fold purification.
|
['Alginates', 'Animals', 'Chromatography, Affinity', 'Copper', 'Cross-Linking Reagents', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Epichlorohydrin', 'Glucuronic Acid', 'Goats', 'Hexuronic Acids', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Metals', 'Microspheres']
| 15,154,844
|
[['D09.698.068'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.196.181.400.170'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['D27.720.470.410.210'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['D02.355.291.411.400'], ['D02.241.081.844.915.162.249', 'D02.241.152.811.162.500', 'D02.241.511.902.915.162.500', 'D09.811.922.162.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.513'], ['D02.241.081.844.915.400', 'D02.241.152.811.400', 'D02.241.511.902.915.400', 'D09.811.922.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D01.552'], ['E07.565']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A Standardized Arabic Reading Acuity Chart: The Balsam Alabdulkader-Leat Chart.
|
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to develop and validate the first standardized Arabic continuous text near-visual-acuity chart, the Balsam Alabdulkader-Leat (BAL) chart.METHODS: Three versions of the BAL chart were created from previously validated sentences. Reading acuity (RA) and reading speed in standard-length words per minute (SLWPM) were measured for three versions of the BAL chart and three English charts (MNREAD, Colenbrander, and Radner) for 86 bilingual adults with normal vision aged 15 to 59 years. The RA and SLWPM were compared using analysis of variance. To analyze agreement between the charts, Bland-Altman plots were used. Normal visual acuity (0.00 logMAR [log minimum angle of resolution]) was calibrated for the BAL chart with linear regression analysis.RESULTS: Average RAs for BAL1, BAL2, and BAL3 were 0.62, 0.64 and 0.65 log-point print, respectively, which were statistically significantly different (repeated-measures analysis of variance, P < .05), but not considered clinically significant. The coefficients of agreement for RA between the BAL charts were 0.054 (between 1 and 2), 0.061 (between 2 and 3), and 0.059 (between 1 and 3). Linear regression between the average RA for the BAL chart and the MNREAD and Radner charts showed that 0.7 log-point size at 40 cm is equivalent to 0.00 logMAR, and the new BAL chart was labeled accordingly. Mean SLWPM for the BAL charts was 201, 195, and 195 SLWPM, respectively, and for the Colenbrander, MNREAD, and Radner charts was 146, 171, and 146, respectively. The coefficients of agreement for log-SLWPM between BAL1 and BAL2, BAL2 and BAL3, and BAL1 and BAL3 were 0.063, 0.064, and 0.057 log-SLWPM, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: The BAL chart showed high interchart agreement. It is recommended for accurate near performance measures in Arabic for both research and clinical settings.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Arabs', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Language', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Printing', 'Reading', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Vision Tests', 'Visual Acuity', 'Young Adult']
| 28,737,607
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.686.754.167'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.209.399', 'L01.559'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['L01.737.787'], ['L01.559.423.557'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E01.370.380.850'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Clinico-pathogenetic aspects of hypochondriac conditions of exogenous-organic nature and their treatment].
|
Based on clinicopsychopathological and paraclinical examinations of 150 patients afflicted with organic diseases of the brain of infectious, traumatic and alcoholic nature, the clinical picture and formation of hypochondriac conditions were traced depending on the type of exogeny and the stage of cerebral sufferings. It is shown that hypochondriac conditions develop by stages, namely from hypochondriac fixation to hypochondriac reaction and to the hypochondriac syndrome and that psychasthenic, vasovegetative and CSF dynamic disorders play the leading part in their establishment. Seven varieties of the hypochondriac syndrome are distinguished.
|
['Alcoholism', 'Brain Diseases', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Humans', 'Hypochondriasis', 'Neurocognitive Disorders']
| 2,160,178
|
[['C25.775.100.250', 'F03.900.100.350'], ['C10.228.140'], ['E02.186'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03.875.450'], ['F03.615']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Social class and mortality in older women.
|
In middle-aged people, social class is one of the strongest predictors of mortality. However, to date, research prospectively evaluating the relationship between social class and mortality in the older persons has produced conflicting results. This may be due to the lack of clinical covariates in many analyses. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between social class markers-education, income, husband's work history, and personal work history-and mortality in a cohort of older women, after adjusting for clinical and behavioral factors. The participants were 737 ambulatory, community-living women, age 72 and older, followed from 1989 to 1993. In addition to education attained, present income, husband's work history, and personal work history, proportional hazard models adjusted for age, race, marital status, number of chronic conditions, number of medications used, Activities of Daily Living status, Mini-Mental State Exam score, physical activity, and alcohol use. In multivariable models personal work history was the only social class marker that remained significantly associated with mortality. Compared with managers and professionals, women who never worked outside the home had a 3.5 greater risk of death (95% CI, 1.6-7.5), while women who had worked in partly/unskilled or skilled professions were over two and a half times more likely to die; the adjusted hazard ratios were 2.7 (95% CI, 1.2-6.4) and 2.7 (95% CI, 1.3-5.7), respectively. In this population of older women, personal work history was the only social class marker predictive of mortality.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cohort Studies', 'Educational Status', 'Employment', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Income', 'Mortality', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Social Class', 'United States']
| 12,464,370
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['N01.824.196'], ['N01.824.245'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N01.824.417'], ['E05.318.308.985.550', 'N01.224.935.698', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['I01.880.853.996.755', 'N01.824.782'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
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