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Cancer in the Republic of Palau (Belau).
|
This study, funded by the National Cancer Institute, assessed cancer awareness and service needs in the Republic of Belau (Belau) in April 2003. Cancer prevention and control is a concern for Belau, and this country maintains a cancer registry to track cases and outcomes. However, assistance is needed to strengthen and expand existing cancer-related services. Key informants requested help to develop a comprehensive cancer prevention and control program, increase the capacity of professional staff in diagnosing and treating cancer, and improve laboratory and pathology services.
|
['Delivery of Health Care', 'Female', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Medically Underserved Area', 'Needs Assessment', 'Neoplasms', 'Palau', 'Population Surveillance', 'Public Health Administration', 'Regional Health Planning', 'Registries']
| 16,281,680
|
[['N04.590.374', 'N05.300'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.349.650.340', 'N05.300.450.520'], ['I02.594', 'N03.349.380.565', 'N05.300.537'], ['C04'], ['Z01.639.760.680.717'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675'], ['N04.452.794'], ['N03.349.650'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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|
Smoking modifies the effect of two independent SNPs rs5063 and rs198358 of NPPA on central obesity in the Chinese Han population.
|
Obesity is the third most risk factors of death in the middle-income and high-income countries. Whether DNA polymorphisms in CORIN and NPPA genes were associated with obesity, and if these associations could be modified by smoking in the Chinese Han population were unknown, hence a group of 1507 participants were recruited and genotyped for 12 tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CORIN and NPPA genes. Regression models were used to test the associations of SNPs with obesity. The potential SNP-smoking interactions were detected in regression models. NPPA SNPs rs5063 and rs198358 were associated with the body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.0053 and 0.0037, respectively). Rs198358 was associated with obesity in both univariate- and multivariable-adjusted analyses (P = 0.0138 and 0.0173, respectively). Rs5063 was associated with central obesity in both univariate- and multivariable-adjusted analyses (P = 0.0454 and 0.0361, respectively). Significant interactions between cigarette smoking and rs5063 and rs198358 were detected (P = 0.0019 and 0.0006, respectively). In subgroup analyses, rs5063 and rs198358 were associated with central obesity in smokers (P = 0.0081 and 0.0037, respectively). The results of our study demonstrated that the effect of NPPA SNPs rs5063 and rs198358 on central obesity might be modified by smoking in the Chinese Han population. Further studies are needed to confirm the associations and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
|
['Adult', 'Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'Atrial Natriuretic Factor', 'Body Mass Index', 'China', 'Female', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity, Abdominal', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Risk Factors', 'Smoking']
| 30,262,711
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.686.508.200'], ['D06.472.699.584.500', 'D12.644.548.585.500'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500.615', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500.249', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500.249'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.805']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
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|
Cloning and characterization of Dlk, a novel serine/threonine kinase that is tightly associated with chromatin and phosphorylates core histones.
|
We cloned a cDNA coding for a novel serine/threonine kinase, Dlk, a protein of 448 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 51.3 kDa. The kinase domain shows 81% amino acid sequence identity to the recently identified DAP kinase (death associated protein kinase) (Deiss et al., Genes & Dev., 9, 15-30, 1995), therefore, the new kinase was called Dlk, for DAP like kinase. Northern analyses revealed a single mRNA species of 1.7 kb which was ubiquitously expressed. However, expression levels varied considerably in different cell lines and tissues. Moreover, expression was downregulated upon UV irradiation. Dlk exhibited autophosphorylation activity, predominantly towards threonine residues and phosphorylated the regulatory subunit of myosin light chain, but in this case exclusively at serine residues. Dlk seems to be tightly associated with insoluble nuclear structures, presumably chromatin, since it was resistant to various rigorous extraction procedures but it was partially released upon DNase I digestion of nuclei. Consistent with this, purified Dlk phosphorylated core histones H3, H2A and H4 as exogenous substrates and endogenous histone H3 in kinase assays with nuclear extracts. Expression as GFP-fusion protein revealed a diffuse as well as a speckled nuclear staining suggesting an association with replication or transcription centers.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins', 'Base Sequence', 'Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases', 'Cell Line, Transformed', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chromatin', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Death-Associated Protein Kinases', 'Enzyme Induction', 'Fibroblasts', 'Histones', 'Leucine Zippers', 'MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Myosin Light Chains', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Processing, Post-Translational', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Rats', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Substrate Specificity', 'Ultraviolet Rays']
| 9,840,928
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.644.360.075', 'D12.776.476.075'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.125', 'D12.644.360.100', 'D12.776.476.100'], ['A11.251.210.172'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.180', 'D12.776.664.224', 'G05.360.160.180'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.125.387', 'D12.644.360.100.387', 'D12.776.476.100.387'], ['G05.308.320.200'], ['A11.329.228'], ['D12.776.157.687.485', 'D12.776.660.720.485', 'D12.776.664.469'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500.520'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.559', 'D12.644.360.400', 'D12.776.476.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D05.750.078.730.475.200', 'D12.776.157.125.475', 'D12.776.210.500.600.200', 'D12.776.220.525.475.200'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600', 'G02.111.691.600', 'G03.734.871.790.600', 'G05.308.670.600'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['G02.111.835'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A comparative study on the effect of nicotine administration and cigarette smoke inhalation on bone healing around titanium implants.
|
BACKGROUND: A series of isolated studies has focused on the influence of smoking on bone around titanium implants. This study proposes to investigate the impact of two conditions, i.e., nicotine administration and cigarette smoke inhalation, on the healing around implants.METHODS: Forty-five Wistar rats were used. After anesthesia, the tibiae surface was exposed and a screw-shaped titanium implant was placed bilaterally. The animals were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: Group 1: control, n = 19; Group 2: intermittent cigarette smoke inhalation, n = 15; and Group 3: subcutaneous administration of nicotine (3 mg/kg) twice daily, n = 11. After 60 days, the animals were sacrificed. The degree of bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and the bone area (BA) within the limits of the threads of the implant were measured in the cortical (zone A) and cancellous bone (zone B) areas.RESULTS: In zone A, cigarette smoke presented a significant negative influence on BIC and BA (Kruskal-Wallis test, P < 0.05). In contrast, the administration of nicotine did not influence either parameter (P > 0.05). In zone B, cigarette smoke inhalation also resulted in a decreased percentage of BIC compared to the control group (P < 0.05). In addition, the BA was significantly decreased in groups 2 and 3 when compared to controls (P > 0.05).CONCLUSION: The negative impact of smoking on implant outcomes may be related to more than one molecule present in the cigarette smoke and nicotine seems to partially contribute, especially in the cancellous bone.
|
['Animals', 'Cotinine', 'Implants, Experimental', 'Male', 'Niacin', 'Nicotine', 'Osseointegration', 'Random Allocation', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Tobacco Smoke Pollution']
| 14,653,391
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.383.773.812.180'], ['E07.695.340'], ['D03.066.515.475', 'D03.383.725.547.475'], ['D03.132.760.570', 'D03.383.725.518'], ['G11.427.213.140.570', 'G16.762.150.150.570'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['D20.633.937.680', 'N06.850.460.100.555']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
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Treating primary liver cancer with hepatic arterial infusion of floxuridine and dexamethasone: does the addition of systemic bevacizumab improve results?
|
OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the efficacy and safety of adding systemic (IV) bevacizumab (Bev) to hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) with floxuridine (FUDR)/dexamethasone (Dex) in unresectable primary liver cancer.METHODS: Patients with unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were treated with HAI FUDR/Dex plus IV Bev. Results were compared to a recent study of HAI without Bev in a similar patient population.RESULTS: Twenty-two patients (18 ICC, 4 HCC) were treated with HAI FUDR/Dex plus Bev; 7 (31.8%) had partial response and 15 (68.2%) had stable disease. Median survival was 31.1 months (CI 14.14-33.59), progression-free survival (PFS) 8.45 months (CI 5.53-11.05), and hepatic PFS 11.3 months (CI 7.93-15.69). In the previous trial with HAI alone (no Bev), the response was 50%; median survival, PFS, and hepatic PFS were 29.5, 7.3, and 10.1 months. In the present trial, bilirubin elevation (>2 mg/dl) was seen in 24% of patients and biliary stents were placed in 13.6%, versus 5.8 and 0%, respectively, in the HAI trial without Bev. Due to increased biliary toxicity, the trial was prematurely terminated.CONCLUSION: Adding Bev to HAI FUDR/Dex appeared to increase biliary toxicity without clear improvement in outcome (median PFS 8.45 vs. 7.3 months, and median survival 31.1 vs. 29.5 months, for HAI + Bev vs. HAI alone groups, respectively).
|
['Aged', 'Alkaline Phosphatase', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Aspartate Aminotransferases', 'Bevacizumab', 'Bilirubin', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Cholangiocarcinoma', 'Dexamethasone', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Early Termination of Clinical Trials', 'Female', 'Floxuridine', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 21,677,464
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.035'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['D08.811.913.477.700.225'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060.375', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060.438', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200.438'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.249.184', 'D03.633.400.909.249.184', 'D04.345.783.249.184', 'D23.767.193.184'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.450'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.344', 'D04.210.500.908.238'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['E01.789.800.238', 'E05.581.500.400', 'N04.761.559.590.800.379', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.379'], ['D03.383.742.680.852.300.350', 'D13.570.230.430.432', 'D13.570.685.852.300.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Invasive candidiasis in low birth weight preterm infants: risk factors, clinical course and outcome in a prospective multicenter study of cases and their matched controls.
|
BACKGROUND: This multicenter prospective study of invasive candidiasis (IC) was carried out to determine the risk factors for, incidence of, clinical and laboratory features, treatment and outcome of IC in infants of birth weight <1250 g.METHODS: Neonates <1250 g with IC and their matched controls (2:1) were followed longitudinally and descriptive analysis was performed. Survivors underwent neurodevelopmental assessment at 18 to 24 months corrected age. Neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) was defined as blindness, deafness, moderate to severe cerebral palsy, or a score <70 on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development 2nd edition. Multivariable analyses were performed to determine risk factors for IC and predictors of mortality and NDI.RESULTS: Cumulative incidence rates of IC were 4.2%, 2.2% and 1.5% for birth-weight categories <750 g, <1000 g, <1500 g, respectively. Forty nine infants with IC and 90 controls were enrolled. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) was the only independent risk factor for IC (p=0.03). CNS candidiasis occurred in 50% of evaluated infants, while congenital candidiasis occurred in 31%. Infants with CNS candidiasis had a higher mortality rate (57%) and incidence of deafness (50%) than the overall cohort of infants with IC. NDI (56% vs. 33%; p=0.017) and death (45% vs. 7%; p=0.0001) were more likely in cases than in controls, respectively. IC survivors were more likely to be deaf (28% vs. 7%; p=0.01). IC independently predicted mortality (p=0.0004) and NDI (p=0.018).CONCLUSION: IC occurred in 1.5% of VLBW infants. Preceding NEC increased the risk of developing IC. CNS candidiasis is under-investigated and difficult to diagnose, but portends a very poor outcome. Mortality, deafness and NDI were independently significantly increased in infants with IC compared to matched controls.
|
['Blindness', 'Canada', 'Candida', 'Candidiasis, Invasive', 'Enterocolitis, Necrotizing', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Low Birth Weight', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Newborn, Diseases', 'Infant, Premature', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors']
| 24,924,877
|
[['C10.597.751.941.162', 'C11.966.075', 'C23.888.592.763.941.162'], ['Z01.107.567.176'], ['B01.300.107.795.095', 'B01.300.381.147', 'B01.300.930.176'], ['C01.150.703.160.175', 'C01.150.703.492.500'], ['C06.405.205.596.700', 'C06.405.469.363.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520.460'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C16.614'], ['M01.060.703.520.520'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Cross-docking of inhibitors into CDK2 structures. 1.
|
Predicting protein/ligand binding affinity is one of the most challenging computational chemistry tasks. Numerous methods have been developed to address this challenge, but they all have limitations. Failure to account for protein flexibility has been a shortcoming of many methods. In this cross-docking study the data set comprised 150 inhibitor complexes of the protein kinase CDK2. Gold and Glide performed well in terms of docking accuracy. The chance of cross-docking a ligand within a 2 A RMSD of its experimental pose was found to be 50%. Relative binding potency was not properly predicted from scoring functions, even though cross-docking of each inhibitor into each protein structure was performed and only scores of correctly docked ligands were considered. An accompanying paper (Voigt, J. H.; Elkin, C.; Madison, V. S. Duca, J. S. J. Chem. Inf. Model. 2008, 48, 669-678) covers cross-docking and docking accuracy from the perspective of using multiple protein structures.
|
['Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Protein Kinase Inhibitors']
| 18,324,799
|
[['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.500.750', 'D12.644.360.250.323', 'D12.776.167.200.323', 'D12.776.476.250.323'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['D27.505.519.389.755']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Indirect Labeling of DNA for Microarrays.
|
As with RNA labeling protocols, the main difference between direct and indirect DNA labeling protocols is a trade-off of cost and time. Indirect labeling of DNA, described here, takes ?2 h longer than direct labeling but is hundreds of dollars cheaper.
|
['Carbocyanines', 'DNA', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Microarray Analysis', 'Staining and Labeling']
| 31,371,472
|
[['D02.455.326.397.300'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['E05.588.570'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670', 'E05.200.500.620.670', 'E05.200.750.600.670']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
FAT4 functions as a tumour suppressor in gastric cancer by modulating Wnt/â-catenin signalling.
|
BACKGROUND: FAT4, a cadherin-related protein, was shown to function as a tumour suppressor; however, its role in human gastric cancer remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the role of FAT4 in gastric cancer and examined the underlying molecular mechanisms.METHODS: The expression of FAT4 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and qRT-PCR in relation to the clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer patients. The effects of FAT4 silencing on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were assessed by the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium) assay, and migration and invasion assays in gastric cancer cell lines in vitro and in a mouse xenograft model in vivo.RESULTS: Downregulation of FAT4 expression in gastric cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues was correlated with lymph-node metastasis and poor survival. Knockdown of FAT4 promoted the growth and invasion of gastric cancer cells via the activation of Wnt/â-catenin signalling, and induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in gastric cancer cells, as demonstrated by the upregulation and downregulation of mesenchymal and epithelial markers. Silencing of FAT4 promoted tumour growth and metastasis in a gastric cancer xenograft model in vivo.CONCLUSIONS: FAT4 has a tumour suppressor role mediated by the modulation of Wnt/â-catenin signalling, providing potential novel targets for the treatment of gastric cancer.
|
['Animals', 'Cadherins', 'Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition', 'Female', 'Gene Knockdown Techniques', 'Genes, Tumor Suppressor', 'Heterografts', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Middle Aged', 'Signal Transduction', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Tumor Suppressor Proteins', 'Wnt Proteins', 'beta Catenin']
| 26,633,557
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.200', 'D12.776.543.550.200.200', 'D23.050.301.350.200'], ['G04.356.500'], ['E05.393.335.500'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.249', 'G05.360.340.024.340.415.400'], ['A01.941.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['D12.776.624.776'], ['D12.776.467.984', 'D23.529.984'], ['D12.776.091.249', 'D12.776.220.145.500', 'D12.776.930.130']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
High vapor pressure deficit drives salt-stress-induced rice yield losses in India.
|
Flooded rice is grown across wide geographic boundaries from as far north as Manchuria and as far south as Uruguay and New South Wales, primarily because of its adaptability across diverse agronomic and climatic conditions. Salt-stress damage, a common occurrence in delta and coastal rice production zones, could be heightened by the interactions between high temperature and relative humidity (vapor pressure deficit--VPD). Using temporal and spatial observations spanning 107 seasons and 19 rice-growing locations throughout India with varying electrical conductivity (EC), including coastal saline, inland saline, and alkaline soils, we quantified the proportion of VPD inducing salinity damage in rice. While controlling for time-invariant factors such as trial locations, rice cultivars, and soil types, our regression analysis indicates that EC has a nonlinear detrimental effect on paddy rice yield. Our estimates suggest these yield reductions become larger at higher VPD. A one standard deviation (SD) increase in EC from its mean value is associated with 1.68% and 4.13% yield reductions at median and maximum observed VPD levels, respectively. Yield reductions increase roughly sixfold when the one SD increase is taken from the 75th percentile of EC. In combination, high EC and VPD generate near catastrophic crop loss as predicted yield approaches zero. If higher VPD levels driven by global warming materialize in conjunction with rising sea levels or salinity incursion in groundwater, this interaction becomes an important and necessary predictor of expected yield losses and global food security.
|
['Agriculture', 'Climate Change', 'Geography', 'Hot Temperature', 'India', 'Oryza', 'Regression Analysis', 'Salinity', 'Seasons', 'Sodium Chloride', 'Stress, Physiological', 'Vapor Pressure']
| 25,379,616
|
[['J01.040'], ['G16.500.175.374'], ['H01.277.500'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.616'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['G02.640.500'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650'], ['G07.775'], ['G01.374.715.951']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
First DNA sequences from Asian cave bear fossils reveal deep divergences and complex phylogeographic patterns.
|
Until recently, cave bears were believed to have only inhabited Europe. However, recent morphological evidence suggests that cave bears' geographic range extended as far east as Transbaikalia, Eastern Siberia. These Asian cave bears were morphologically distinct from European cave bears. However, how they related to European lineages remains unclear, stressing the need to assess the phylogenetic and phylogeographic relationship between Asian cave bears and their European relatives. In this work, we address this issue using a 227 base-pair fragment of the mitochondrial control region obtained from nine fossil bone samples from eight sites from the Urals, Caucasus, Altai Mountains, Ukraine and Yana River region in Eastern Siberia. Results of the phylogenetic analyses indicate that (i) the cave bear from the Yana River is most closely related to cave bears from the Caucasus region; (ii) the Caucasus/Yana group of bears is genetically very distinct from both European cave bears and brown bears, suggesting that these bears could represent an independent species; and (iii) the Western European cave bear lineage reached at least temporarily to the Altai Mountains, 7000 km east of their known centre of distribution. These results suggest that the diversity of cave bears was greater than previously believed, and that they could survive in a much wider range of ecological conditions than previously assumed. They also agree with recent studies on other extinct and extant species, such as wolves, hyenas and steppe bison, which have also revealed higher genetic and ecological diversity in Pleistocene populations than previously known.
|
['Animals', 'DNA, Mitochondrial', 'Europe', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Fossils', 'Geography', 'Phylogeny', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Siberia', 'Ukraine', 'Ursidae']
| 19,226,321
|
[['B01.050'], ['D13.444.308.283.225'], ['Z01.542'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['I01.076.368.584.311'], ['H01.277.500'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['E05.393.751'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['Z01.252.122.500.500'], ['Z01.542.248.960', 'Z01.542.931.960', 'Z01.586.950.960'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.761']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Metalloproteinase and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase expression in the murine STR/ort model of osteoarthritis.
|
OBJECTIVE: To study the temporal expression of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in the STR/ort mouse model of osteoarthritis, using in situ hybridization with oligonucleotide probes and specific antisera for each protein.METHODS: In situ hybridization and immunolocalization experiments were performed on serial cryosections of knee joints from STR/ort and control CBA mice. The mRNA was localized using digoxygenin-labeled probes.RESULTS: MMP2, MMP3, MMP7, MMP9, MMP13, MT1-MMP and TIMP2 mRNA was detected in the tibial articular chondrocytes of STR/ort mice at all ages (12, 18, 24, 30 and 35 weeks). Levels were always higher than in age-matched CBA mice. Neither MMP8 nor TIMP1 mRNA was detected in murine cartilage. The location and distribution of each of the MMP mRNA transcripts varied within the tibial plateau. Immunolocalization consistently detected MMP3 and MT1-MMP in articular cartilage and MMP13 in calcified cartilage. Other proteases and their inhibitors were not detected in either of these cartilages but MMP2 and MMP9 were immunolocalized in bone marrow cells and growth cartilage respectively.CONCLUSION: Expression of all the detected MMPs and TIMP-2 is up-regulated in STR/ort mice at the mRNA level. However, failure to detect protein expression for MMPs 2, 7, 9, 13 and TIMPs 1 and 2 in murine chondrocytes by immunohistochemistry indicates that the changes in mRNA levels in STR/ort mice must be interpreted with caution.
|
['Animals', 'Cartilage, Articular', 'Chondrocytes', 'Collagenases', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Gene Expression', 'In Situ Hybridization', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 13', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 14', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 2', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 3', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 7', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 8', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 9', 'Matrix Metalloproteinases', 'Matrix Metalloproteinases, Membrane-Associated', 'Metalloendopeptidases', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred CBA', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Osteoarthritis', 'Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1', 'Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2', 'Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases']
| 12,202,125
|
[['B01.050'], ['A02.165.407.150', 'A02.835.583.192'], ['A11.329.171'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['G05.297'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325', 'E05.393.661.475'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.363', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.550', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.363', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.550', 'D12.644.276.848.550', 'D12.776.467.836.550'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.300.500', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.300.500'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.352', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.252.420', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.150', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.352', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.252.420', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.150', 'D12.644.276.848.150', 'D12.776.467.836.150'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.200', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.200', 'D12.644.276.848.200', 'D12.776.467.836.200'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.250', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.250', 'D12.644.276.848.250', 'D12.776.467.836.250'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.358', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.300', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.358', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.300', 'D12.644.276.848.300', 'D12.776.467.836.300'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.350', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.350', 'D12.644.276.848.350', 'D12.776.467.836.350'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.525', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.300', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.300', 'D12.776.543.493'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.440', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.440'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['C05.550.114.606', 'C05.799.613'], ['D12.776.645.875.450'], ['D12.776.645.875.500'], ['D12.776.645.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of interobserver agreement for postoperative pain and sedation assessment in cats.
|
OBJECTIVE To evaluate agreement between observers with different training and experience for assessment of postoperative pain and sedation in cats by use of a dynamic and interactive visual analog scale (DIVAS) and for assessment of postoperative pain in the same cats with a multidimensional composite pain scale (MCPS). DESIGN Randomized, controlled, blinded study. ANIMALS 45 adult cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy. PROCEDURES Cats received 1 of 3 preoperative treatments: bupivacaine, IP; meloxicam, SC with saline (0.9% NaCl) solution, IP, (positive control); or saline solution only, IP (negative control). All cats received premedication with buprenorphine prior to general anesthesia. An experienced observer (observer 1; male; native language, Spanish) used scales in English, and an inexperienced observer (observer 2; female; native language, French) used scales in French to assess signs of sedation and pain. Rescue analgesia was administered according to MCPS scoring by observer 1. Mean pain and sedation scores per treatment and time point, proportions of cats in each group with MCPS scores necessitating rescue analgesia, and mean MCPS scores assigned at the time of rescue analgesia were compared between observers. Agreement was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient determination. Percentage disagreement between observers on the need for rescue analgesia was calculated. RESULTS Interobserver agreements for pain scores were good, and that for sedation scores was fair. On the basis of observer 1's MCPS scores, a greater proportion of cats in the negative control group received rescue analgesia than in the bupivacaine or positive control groups. Scores from observer 2 indicated a greater proportion of cats in the negative control group than in the positive control group required rescue analgesia but identified no significant difference between the negative control and bupivacaine groups for this variable. Overall, disagreement regarding need for rescue analgesia was identified for 22 of 360 (6.1%) paired observations. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Interobserver differences in assessing pain can lead to different conclusions regarding treatment effectiveness.
|
['Analgesia', 'Animals', 'Bupivacaine', 'Buprenorphine', 'Cats', 'Female', 'Hysterectomy', 'Observer Variation', 'Ovariectomy', 'Pain Measurement', 'Pain, Postoperative', 'Pathologists', 'Reproducibility of Results']
| 28,828,950
|
[['E03.091'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.065.199.239', 'D02.092.146.113.239'], ['D03.132.577.249.150', 'D03.605.497.150', 'D03.633.400.686.150', 'D04.615.723.795.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['E04.950.300.399'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['E04.270.282.685', 'E04.950.165.685', 'E04.950.300.680'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['C23.550.767.700', 'C23.888.592.612.832'], ['M01.526.485.810.746', 'N02.360.810.746'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Comparative studies of mononuclear Ni(II) and UO2(II) complexes having bifunctional coordinated groups: synthesis, thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, surface morphology studies and biological evaluation.
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Two Schiff base ligands derived from condensation of phthalaldehyde and o-phenylenediamine in 1:2 (L(1)) and 2:1 (L(2)) having bifunctional coordinated groups (NH(2) and CHO groups, respectively) and their metal complexes with Ni(II) and UO(2)(II) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibilities and spectral data (IR, (1)H NMR, mass and solid reflectance) as well as thermal, XRPD and SEM analysis. The formula [Ni(L(1))Cl(2)]·2.5H(2)O, [UO(2)(L(1))(NO(3))(2)]·2H(2)O, [Ni(L(2))Cl(2)]·1.5H(2)O and [UO(2)(L(2))(NO(3))(2)] have been suggested for the complexes. The vibrational spectral data show that the ligands behave as neutral ligands and coordinated to the metal ions in a tetradentate manner. The Ni(II) complexes are six coordinate with octahedral geometry and the ligand field parameters: D(q), B, â and LFSE were calculated while, UO(2)(II) complexes are eight coordinate with dodecahedral geometry and the force constant, F(U-O) and bond length, R(U-O) were calculated. The thermal decomposition of complexes ended with metal chloride/nitrate as a final product and the highest thermal stability is displayed by [UO(2)(L(2))(NO(3))(2)] complex. The X-ray powder diffraction data revealed the formation of nano sized crystalline complexes. The SEM analysis provides the morphology of the synthesized compounds and SEM image of [UO(2)(L(2))(NO(3))(2)] complex exhibits nano rod structure. The growth-inhibiting potential of the ligands and their complexes has been assessed against a variety of bacterial and fungal strains.
|
['Anti-Infective Agents', 'Bacteria', 'Electrons', 'Fungi', 'Ligands', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Magnetics', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Nickel', 'Particle Size', 'Powders', 'Schiff Bases', 'Spectrophotometry, Infrared', 'Surface Properties', 'Thermogravimetry', 'Uranium Compounds', 'X-Ray Diffraction']
| 22,197,356
|
[['D27.505.954.122'], ['B03'], ['G01.249.335', 'G01.358.500.750'], ['B01.300'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['H01.671.493'], ['E05.196.566'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['D01.268.556.607', 'D01.268.956.625', 'D01.552.544.607'], ['G02.712'], ['D26.255.779'], ['D02.491.784'], ['E05.196.712.726.676', 'E05.196.867.826.676'], ['G02.860'], ['E05.196.904'], ['D01.950'], ['E05.196.309.742', 'E05.196.822.950', 'G01.867.950', 'G02.965']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Downregulation of core clock gene Bmal1 attenuates expression of progesterone and prostaglandin biosynthesis-related genes in rat luteinizing granulosa cells.
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Ovarian circadian oscillators have been implicated in the reproductive processes of mammals. However, there are few reports regarding the detection of ovarian clock-controlled genes (CCGs). The present study was designed to unravel the mechanisms through which CCG ovarian circadian oscillators regulate fertility, primarily using quantitative RT-PCR and RNA interference against Bmal1 in rat granulosa cells. Mature granulosa cells were prepared from mouse Per2-destabilized luciferase (dLuc) reporter gene transgenic rats. A real-time monitoring system of Per2 promoter activity was employed to detect Per2-dLuc oscillations. The cells exposed to luteinizing hormone (LH) displayed clear Per2-dLuc oscillations and a rhythmic expression of clock genes (Bmal1, Per1, Per2, Rev-erbá, and Dbp). Meanwhile, the examined ovarian genes (Star, Cyp19a1, Cyp11a1, Ptgs2, Lhcgr, and p53) showed rhythmic transcript profiles except for Hsd3b2, indicating that these rhythmic expression genes may be CCGs. Notably, Bmal1 small interfering (si)RNA treatment significantly decreased both the amplitude of Per2-dLuc oscillations and Bmal1 mRNA levels compared with nonsilencing RNA treatment in luteinizing granulosa cells. Depletion of Bmal1 by siRNA decreased the transcript levels of clock genes (Per1, Per2, Rev-erbá, and Dbp) and examined ovarian genes (Star, Cyp19a1, Cyp11a1, Ptgs2, Hsd3b2, and Lhcgr). Accordingly, knockdown of Bmal1 also inhibited the synthesis of progesterone and prostaglandin E2, which are associated with crucial reproductive processes. Collectively, these data suggest that ovarian circadian oscillators regulate the synthesis of steroid hormones and prostaglandins through ovarian-specific CCGs in response to LH stimuli. The present study provides new insights into the physiologic significance of Bmal1 related to fertility in ovarian circadian oscillators.
|
['ARNTL Transcription Factors', 'Animals', 'CLOCK Proteins', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Down-Regulation', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Luteal Cells', 'Mice', 'Progesterone', 'Prostaglandins', 'Rats', 'Rats, Transgenic']
| 23,596,172
|
[['D12.644.360.138.049', 'D12.776.260.103.249', 'D12.776.476.156.100', 'D12.776.930.125.249'], ['B01.050'], ['D08.811.913.050.134.415.500.049', 'D12.644.360.138.100', 'D12.776.260.103.562', 'D12.776.476.156.200', 'D12.776.930.125.562'], ['A11.251'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['G05.308'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.278.400', 'A06.300.312.497.278.400', 'A11.382.921', 'A11.436.566'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750'], ['D10.251.355.255.550', 'D23.469.050.175.725'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.136.700', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.825']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Dual response of animals with chronic cyclosporine nephrotoxicity to an acute ischemic injury.
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Normal kidneys regenerate after acute injury with little development of chronic fibrosis. However, the long-term effects of an acute injury in kidneys with established chronic toxicity induced by cyclosporine (CsA) are not entirely clear. To study the consequences of an ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury in long-term CsA-treated rats, male Wistar rats (250-300 g) were treated daily with CsA (10 mg/kg) or vehicle (olive oil 1 mL/kg) for 28 days. On day 21, ischemia was performed by clamping the renal vessel for 1 hour. Blood samples were collected on days 0 and 21 (before IR) as well as days 22 and 28. On day 28, the kidneys were collected to examine the mRNA expression of MCP-1 by real-time PCR. For renal function, serum creatinine levels were measured. Twenty-four hours after reperfusion, long-term CsA-treated animals showed better renal function compared with the control group, as demonstrated by serum creatinine levels: 2.2 +/- 0.13 mg/dL vs 2.9 +/- 0.18 mg/dL, respectively (P < .05). However, 1 week after IR, the renal function was worse among the long-term CsA-treated group than the controls: 1.16 +/- 0.08 mg/dL vs 0.8 +/- 0.09 mg/dL, respectively (P < .05). Interestingly, CsA treatment was associated with lower MCP-1 mRNA expression than that in the control group: mean MCP-1 mRNA expression 0.58 +/- 0.13 vs 1.02 +/- 0.12, respectively (P < .05). In conclusion, animals with chronic CsA nephrotoxicity were protected from an acute renal injury, possibly through decreased chemokine production, although at later time points, renal function was clearly impaired, probably by the acceleration of vasculopathy caused by nephrotoxicity.
|
['Animals', 'Cyclosporine', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Graft Survival', 'Kidney', 'Kidney Function Tests', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Renal Circulation', 'Reperfusion Injury']
| 17,175,267
|
[['B01.050'], ['D04.345.566.235.300', 'D12.644.641.235.300'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G12.875.545.340'], ['A05.810.453'], ['E01.370.390.400'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['G08.852.725', 'G09.330.100.812'], ['C14.907.725', 'C23.550.767.877']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of Senegalese plants used in malaria treatment: focus on Chrozophora senegalensis.
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An ethnobotanical study was conducted in the Dakar area of Senegal to investigate the species used in the treatment of malaria. Seven plants are principally used: Cissampelos mucronata, Maytenus senegalensis, Terminalia macroptera, Bidens engleri, Ceratotheca sesamoides, Chrozophora senegalensis and Mitracarpus scaber. From a bibliographic study, it had been shown that the Cissampelos mucronata, Maytenus senegalensis and Terminalia macroptera have already been studied by several authors, and so only Bidens engleri, Ceratotheca sesamoides, Chrozophora senegalensis and Mitracarpus scaber were evaluated in the present study. For each plant, extracts were prepared with different solvents and tested in vitro on two chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains. Crude extracts from the leaves and the stems of Chrozophora senegalensis showed the best in vitro results. The IC(50) value of an aqueous extract of Chrozophora senegalensis was 1.6 microg/ml without cytotoxicity. The in vivo antiplasmodial activity of Chrozophora extracts was determined by both the oral and the intraperitoneal ways. The stages of Plasmodium cycle targeted by Chrozophora were then studied in vitro. These results could justify the traditional use of this plant in malaria treatment.
|
['Animals', 'Chlorocebus aethiops', 'Drug Storage', 'Euphorbiaceae', 'Female', 'Malaria', 'Mice', 'Phytotherapy', 'Plant Extracts', 'Plants, Medicinal', 'Plasmodium falciparum', 'Senegal', 'Vero Cells']
| 18,063,330
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.126.110'], ['E05.916.350'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.797.438'], ['C01.610.752.530', 'C01.920.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E02.190.755'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['B01.650.560'], ['B01.043.075.380.611.561'], ['Z01.058.290.190.710'], ['A11.251.210.955', 'A11.436.955']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Influence of alimentary habits, age and occupation on polychlorinated biphenyl levels in adipose tissue.
|
The levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in adipose tissue samples from the mammary glands of 123 women living in Cordoba (Spain) were evaluated. The influence of alimentary habits, age and previous and present occupation on the tissue levels of PCBs were also investigated. The compound found at the highest concentration was PCB 180 (0.134 microg/g), followed by the congeners 153 (0.121 microg/g), 138 (0.102 microg/g), 187 (0.047 microg/g), 170 (0.046 microg/g), 28 (0.039 microg/g), 118 (0.023 microg/g), 183 (0.020 microg/g), 52 (0.011 microg/g), 188 (0.011 microg/g), and 101 (0.002 microg/g). A positive correlation was found between donor age and tissue levels of PCBs 28, 118, 138, 153, 170, 180, 183 and 187. Conversely, age had no influence on tissue levels of PCBs 52 and 101. The majority of donors (40.65%) reported fruits as the most consumed food, followed by mixed food (34.15%), legumes and root vegetables (6.5%), stewed meat and vegetables (6.5%), leafy vegetables (4.88%), milk (3.25%), fish (2.44%) and meat (1.63%). "Farmer" (38%) and "housewife" (38%) were the most frequent previous occupations, followed by "other activities" (24%), while "housewife" was the most frequent present occupation (67%), followed by "other activities" (24%) and "farmer" (9%). No significant correlation was observed between tissue levels of PCBs and alimentary habits or previous or present occupation of donors.
|
['Adipose Tissue', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Breast', 'Chromatography, Gas', 'Diet', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Female', 'Food Analysis', 'Food Contamination', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Occupations', 'Polychlorinated Biphenyls', 'Spain', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 12,453,730
|
[['A10.165.114'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['A01.236'], ['E05.196.181.349'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['E05.362', 'J01.576.423.850.100'], ['J01.576.423.850.730.500.249', 'N06.850.460.400', 'N06.850.601.500.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N01.824.547'], ['D02.309.750', 'D02.455.426.559.389.185.698', 'D02.455.526.439.773'], ['Z01.542.846'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Ureteral obstruction owing to over pressure of a normal right common iliac artery: a case report.
|
We report a case in which a normal right common iliac artery in a normal anatomical relationship to the right ureter at the crossing point caused partial urinary tract obstruction apparently by an over pressure effect. The ureter was attached to the promontorium periosteum following ureterolysis to relieve the obstruction. To our knowledge, such a condition has not been reported previously. We believe that over pressure of the common iliac artery should be considered in the differential diagnosis of extrinsic ureteral obstruction, particularly in muscular subjects.
|
['Adult', 'Humans', 'Iliac Artery', 'Male', 'Pressure', 'Radiography', 'Ureteral Obstruction']
| 3,398,140
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A07.015.114.444'], ['G01.374.715'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['C12.777.725.776', 'C13.351.968.725.776']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Increased soluble Fas-ligand in sera of bone marrow transplant recipients with acute graft-versus-host disease.
|
Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is a major complication following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Recently, accumulating evidence indicates that the Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) system is implicated in the pathogenesis of aGVHD in murine models. We determined the serum levels of soluble FasL (sFasL) in BMT recipients using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The serum sFasL was suppressed during the period of myelosuppression following the preparative regimen and subsequently increased with hematopoietic reconstitution after BMT. In patients with aGVHD, the serum sFasL level was significantly higher than in those without aGVHD. In the mixed lymphocyte reaction assay, sFasL in the supernatants was increased with a significant correlation to the level of 3H-thymidine uptake. Our findings suggest that the Fas/FasL system is activated by allogeneic stimulation and may have close correlation to the development of aGVHD in human BMT.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Bone Marrow Transplantation', 'Fas Ligand Protein', 'Female', 'Graft vs Host Disease', 'Hematologic Diseases', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Transplantation, Homologous']
| 9,827,971
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E02.095.147.725.040', 'E04.936.580.040'], ['D12.644.276.374.750.249', 'D12.776.395.550.312', 'D12.776.467.374.750.249', 'D12.776.543.550.312', 'D23.529.374.750.249'], ['C20.452'], ['C15.378'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E04.936.864']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Analyzing mitochondrial function in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
|
Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is responsible for producing most of the adenosine triphosphate required by eukaryotic cells. Lymphocytes make up the majority of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells are readily obtainable, providing an ideal sample to monitor systemic changes and understand molecular signaling mechanisms in disease processes. Mitochondrial energy metabolism of lymphocyte has been used to screen for OXPHOS disorders. While there are increasing studies of lymphocyte OXPHOS, few studies examined activity of electron transport chain of lymphocyte mitochondria. We present an optimal protocol to harvest fresh peripheral blood mononuclear cells from human whole blood, determine integrated mitochondrial function, and analyze electron transport chain complex activity. Analyzing integrated mitochondrial function using OXPHOS provides data to uncover defects in the transport of substrates into the mitochondria, generation of reducing equivalents, the electron transport chain, and coupling to the production of adenosine triphosphate. The optimal conditions to harvest peripheral blood mononuclear cells were using blood anticoagulated with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, processed utilizing Lymphoprep™, and washed in phosphate buffered saline, all at room temperature. Using isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells, integrated mitochondrial function and the activities of electron transport chain were determined.
|
['Aged', 'Electron Transport', 'Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins', 'Humans', 'Lymphocytes', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mitochondria', 'Oxidative Phosphorylation']
| 29,505,781
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['G02.111.248', 'G03.295.531.403', 'G03.493.350'], ['D08.811.600.250', 'D12.776.543.277'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['G02.111.665.550', 'G03.295.631', 'G03.796.550']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis: resolution without treatment of the perilesional satellite dark dots seen by indocyanine green angiography.
|
PURPOSE: Satellite dark dots (SDD) seen by indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) around the main retinochoroiditis focus are described in 75% of cases. Whether SDDs represent subclinical infectious foci or just a perilesional inflammatory reaction is not known. The purpose here was to report a case giving additional information on this question.METHODS: We analysed the evolution of ICGA SDDs in a patient with recurrent toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis who received no antitoxoplasmic treatment because the lesion was located outside the areas where treatment is classically recommended.RESULTS: The patient had a recurrence of retinochoroiditis on the nasal aspect of the disc about 2 disc diameters away from the disc. It was decided to observe the recurrence before introducing treatment. Diminution of SDDs occurred by 3 weeks after the initial ICGA, and complete resolution was observed on a follow-up ICG angiogram obtained 8 weeks after the initial visit.CONCLUSION: Resolution of ICGA SDDs in toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis seems to occurring a similar fashion whether or not the retinochoroiditis is treated by anti-toxoplasmic drugs, indicating that SDDs probably represent a non-infectious perilesional inflammatory reaction.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'Animals', 'Antibodies, Protozoan', 'Chorioretinitis', 'Choroid', 'Coloring Agents', 'Fluorescein Angiography', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Fundus Oculi', 'Humans', 'Indocyanine Green', 'Male', 'Recurrence', 'Remission, Spontaneous', 'Retina', 'Toxoplasma', 'Toxoplasmosis, Ocular']
| 9,646,094
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.252', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.252', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.252'], ['C11.768.773.348', 'C11.941.160.478.400', 'C11.941.879.780.900.300.318'], ['A09.371.894.223'], ['D27.720.233'], ['E01.370.370.050.350', 'E01.370.380.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['A09.371.729.313'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.473.400'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['C23.550.291.656.700', 'G16.767'], ['A09.371.729'], ['B01.043.075.189.250.750.800'], ['C01.610.300.781', 'C01.610.752.250.800.640', 'C11.294.725.781']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Health hazards to timber and forestry workers from the Douglas fir tussock moth.
|
A heavy infestation of the tussock moth caterpillar (Orgyia pseudotsugata McDonnough) in forested areas of Oregon was associated with itching of the skin and eyes, nasal discharge, cough, and, at times, respiratory difficulty, Personal interviews and inspection of forty-one occupationally exposed persons were supplemented by a questionnaire administered to 428 individuals, composing three groups at various degrees of risk and a control group. There was a cause and effect relationship between the adverse symptoms and the exposure to tussock moth larvae. The specific etiologic agent was not identified, but it was felt that the secretion, hairs, or other substances in the larvae or cocoons of the moth acted as a potent allergenic substance and, for some persons, was also a primary skin irritant.
|
['Animals', 'Dermatitis, Occupational', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Humans', 'Hypersensitivity', 'Lepidoptera', 'Moths', 'Occupational Diseases', 'Oregon', 'Respiratory Hypersensitivity', 'Skin Tests', 'Trees']
| 143,915
|
[['B01.050'], ['C17.800.174.255.700', 'C17.800.815.255.700', 'C24.270'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C20.543'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.937'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.937.650'], ['C24'], ['Z01.107.567.875.560.550', 'Z01.107.567.875.580.550'], ['C08.674', 'C20.543.480.680'], ['E01.370.225.812.871', 'E05.200.812.871', 'E05.478.594.890'], ['B01.650.915']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
No evidence for the differential antagonism of the initial fast and secondary slow contractile responses of the rat portal vein to phenylephrine, 5-hydroxytryptamine or methacholine.
|
1. The present study was to ascertain whether drugs cause differential antagonism of the initial fast and secondary slow contractile responses to phenylephrine, 5-HT and methacholine of the rat portal vein. 2. Cocaine (5 x 10(-6) M) had no effect on the responses to methacholine. Cocaine potentiated the initial fast but not the secondary slow responses to phenylephrine suggesting that neuronal uptake limits the initial fast but not the secondary slow response to phenylephrine. Cocaine reduced the maximal responses to 5-HT suggesting that the responses to high concentrations of 5-HT are due, in part, to the release of noradrenaline. 3. In the presence of cocaine, idazoxan had no effect on responses to phenylephrine or 5-HT and prazosin had no effect on responses to 5-HT. Prazosin (3 x 10(-9)-10(-8) M) inhibited the responses to phenylephrine causing similar parallel rightward shifts of the concentration-response curves to the initial fast and secondary slow responses. 4. In the presence of cocaine, mianserin (10(-9)-10(-8) M), cyproheptadine, (10(-10)-10(-9) M), methysergide (10(-8) M), ketanserin (10(-10)-10(-9) M) and Ly 53857 (at 10(-9)-10(-8) M) had similar inhibitory effects on the initial fast and secondary slow responses to 5-HT, namely a parallel rightward displacement of the concentration-response curves. 5. Atropine (less than or equal to 10(-7) M) and pirenzepine less than or equal to 10(-6) M) had no effect on the responses to phenylephrine and 5-HT, but caused similar parallel rightward shifts of the concentration-response curves to both responses to methacholine. 6. The results of this study provide no evidence for differential antagonism of the initial fast and secondary slow responses of the rat portal vein to phenylephrine, 5-HT or methacholine.
|
['Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists', 'Animals', 'Cocaine', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Methacholine Chloride', 'Methacholine Compounds', 'Parasympatholytics', 'Phenylephrine', 'Portal Vein', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Serotonin', 'Serotonin Antagonists', 'Vasoconstriction']
| 2,902,098
|
[['D27.505.519.625.050.200.100', 'D27.505.696.577.050.200.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.145.074.722.388', 'D03.132.889.354', 'D03.605.084.500.722.388', 'D03.605.869.388'], ['E05.481'], ['D02.092.877.883.555.500', 'D02.675.276.534.500'], ['D02.092.877.883.555', 'D02.675.276.534'], ['D27.505.696.663.050.650'], ['D02.033.100.291.617', 'D02.092.063.291.617'], ['A07.015.908.670.567'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D02.092.211.215.801.852', 'D03.633.100.473.914.814', 'D23.469.050.650'], ['D27.505.519.625.850.850', 'D27.505.696.577.850.850'], ['G09.330.380.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and frailty on long-term outcomes and quality of life after transcatheter aortic valve implantation.
|
BACKGROUND: Association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and long-term mortality as well as the quality of life (QoL) in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is still unclear.AIM: We sought to evaluate the impact of COPD on mortality and QoL of patients with AS undergoing TAVI.METHODS: A total of 148 consecutive patients who underwent TAVI were enrolled and stratified by history of COPD.RESULTS: Of 148 patients enrolled, 19 (12.8%) patients had a history of COPD. Patients with COPD were high-risk patients with higher prevalence of incomplete revascularization and frailty features. At follow-up of 15.8 months, all-cause mortality in patients with COPD was over four times higher than in patients without COPD [17.8% vs. 52.6%; p = 0.002-age/gender-adjusted OR (95% CI) 4.73 (1.69-13.24)]. On the other hand, in Cox regression model, the only independent predictors of all-cause death at long-term follow-up were: incomplete coronary revascularization [HR (95% CI) 5.45 (2.38-12.52); p = 0.001], estimated glomerular filtration rate [per 1 ml/min/1.73 m2 increase: 0.96 (0.94-0.98); p = 0.001], and previous stroke/transient ischemic attack [2.86 (1.17-7.00); p = 0.021]. Also, the difference in mortality between patients with and without COPD was not significant after adjustment for the most of frailty indices. Importantly, groups were comparable in terms of QoL at baseline and 12 months.CONCLUSION: COPD may pose an important factor affecting long-term outcomes of patients with severe AS undergoing TAVI. However, its effects might be partially related to coexisting comorbidities and frailty.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aortic Valve', 'Aortic Valve Stenosis', 'Female', 'Frailty', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive', 'Quality of Life', 'Risk Factors', 'Stroke', 'Time Factors', 'Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 29,185,204
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A07.541.510.110'], ['C14.280.484.048.750', 'C14.280.955.249'], ['C23.550.359'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381.495.389'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E04.100.376.485.500', 'E04.650.410.500', 'E04.928.220.410.500'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Multimerization is required for antigen binding activity of an engineered IgM/IgG chimeric antibody recognizing a skin-related antigen.
|
Monoclonal antibodies offer great tools for research. We encountered a potentially useful mouse IgM monoclonal antibody whose antigen is expressed in normal skin but lost in human skin cancer. Because IgM is difficult to work with and the antigen was unknown, we decided to convert the IgM (µ) to IgG (ã) version. After cDNA for the antibody was obtained by RACE PCR, we made a series of molecules with different combinations of IgM and IgG domains. Whereas VH-Cµ1-Cµ2-Cã3 and VH-Cµ1-Cµ2-Hinge-Cã2-Cã3 functionally bound to the antigen, VH-Cã1-Hinge-Cã2-Cã3, VH-Cµ1-Hinge-Cã2-Cã3, and VH-Cµ1-Cµ2-Cã2-Cã3 did not. Gel filtration analyses revealed that the functional molecules tend to form multimers and the multimeric forms retained antigen binding activity. Furthermore, the mutation of amino acid residue p.309Q > C of mouse IgG and addition of IgM tailpiece to the C-terminus of the molecules induced multimer formation, dramatically enhanced antibody functionality and all non-functional molecules became strongly functional. The functional molecules could be bound by protein A/protein G and other IgG specific reagents and therefore should be useful for further characterization of the antigen. Our study revealed that multimerization of converted IgM is functionally important for antigen binding activity of engineered IgM/IgG chimeric antibodies.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antigens', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains', 'Immunoglobulin M', 'Immunoglobulin Variable Region', 'Mice', 'Mutation', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Multimerization', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Skin']
| 28,811,604
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D23.050'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.705.500', 'D12.776.124.790.651.705.500', 'D12.776.377.715.548.705.500'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.574', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.574', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.574'], ['D12.644.541.500.650.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680.650.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.797', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680.650.500', 'D12.776.124.790.651.797', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680.650.500', 'D12.776.377.715.548.797', 'G02.111.570.060.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.694'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['A17.815']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Expression of ASIC2 in ciliated cells and stereociliated cells.
|
Acid-sensing ion channel 2 (ASIC2) plays a role as a mechanorecptor and acid receptor in the peripheral and central nervous systems. However, several recent studies have suggested that ASIC2 is expressed in several organs, in addition to the nervous system. We have examined the expression and distribution of ASIC2 in rat ciliated cells (trachea and oviduct) and stereociliated cells (epididymis, Corti organ, and ampullary crest) by immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Immunohistochemistry revealed that ASIC2 was expressed in both ciliated cells and stereociliated cells, but the localization differed between these cell types. In ciliated cells, ASIC2 was coexpressed with a cilial marker (acetylated tubulin). In stereociliated cells stained with a stereocilial marker (phalloidin), ASIC2 was observed in the cell body. Observation by TEM suggested that ASIC2 expression was present at the apical side of the cilial membrane in ciliated cells and at the apical side of the cell body in stereociliated cells. This study thus indicates that the proton receptor ASIC2 is expressed in both ciliated and stereociliated cells.
|
['Acid Sensing Ion Channels', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Cilia', 'Degenerin Sodium Channels', 'Epididymis', 'Epithelial Sodium Channels', 'Female', 'Hair Cells, Ampulla', 'Hair Cells, Auditory', 'Male', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Oviducts', 'Rats', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Trachea']
| 18,560,896
|
[['D12.776.157.530.400.875.050', 'D12.776.543.550.450.875.050', 'D12.776.543.585.400.875.050', 'D12.776.631.024'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.284.180.165'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.875.100', 'D12.776.543.550.450.875.100', 'D12.776.543.585.400.875.100'], ['A05.360.444.371'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.875.200', 'D12.776.543.550.450.875.200', 'D12.776.543.585.400.875.200'], ['A09.246.300.663.500.500'], ['A08.675.650.250', 'A08.675.650.915.750.600.350', 'A08.800.950.750.600.350', 'A09.246.300.246.577.325', 'A11.671.650.250', 'A11.671.650.915.750.600.350'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.631'], ['A13.706'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['E05.393.751'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['A04.889']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Private health insurance and medical care utilization: evidence from the Medicare population.
|
This paper examines the impact of supplemental health insurance policy ownership on the use of health care services by the elderly. It employs a data base consisting of Medicare claims data from over 2,000 beneficiaries in six states, actual copies of their supplemental insurance policies, and detailed survey information. The results show that policy ownership has a substantial, positive impact on service usage and costs, particularly for beneficiaries in fair or poor health. The greatest impact was found for policies that provide first-dollar coverage.
|
['Aged', 'Health Status', 'Hospitals', 'Humans', 'Insurance Selection Bias', 'Insurance, Health', 'Insurance, Medigap', 'Medicare Part A', 'Medicare Part B', 'Office Visits', 'Ownership', 'United States']
| 1,833,338
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['N02.278.421'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.219.521.576.585'], ['N03.219.521.576.343'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.539'], ['N03.219.521.346.506.564.663.500', 'N03.219.521.576.343.840.725', 'N03.706.615.698'], ['N03.219.521.346.506.564.663.515', 'N03.219.521.576.343.840.754', 'N03.706.615.699'], ['N04.452.758.635'], ['I01.880.604.583.594', 'N04.452.633'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Chronic constipation diagnosis and treatment evaluation: the "CHRO.CO.DI.T.E." study.
|
BACKGROUND: According to Rome criteria, chronic constipation (CC) includes functional constipation (FC) and irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C). Some patients do not meet these criteria (No Rome Constipation, NRC). The aim of the study was is to evaluate the various clinical presentation and management of FC, IBS-C and NRC in Italy.METHODS: During a 2-month period, 52 Italian gastroenterologists recorded clinical data of FC, IBS-C and NRC patients, using Bristol scale, PAC-SYM and PAC-QoL questionnaires. In addition, gastroenterologists were also asked to record whether the patients were clinically assessed for CC for the first time or were in follow up. Diagnostic tests and prescribed therapies were also recorded.RESULTS: Eight hundred seventy-eight consecutive CC patients (706 F) were enrolled (FC 62.5%, IBS-C 31.3%, NRC 6.2%). PAC-SYM and PAC-QoL scores were higher in IBS-C than in FC and NRC. 49.5% were at their first gastroenterological evaluation for CC. In 48.5% CC duration was longer than 10 years. A specialist consultation was requested in 31.6%, more frequently in IBS-C than in NRC. Digital rectal examination was performed in only 56.4%. Diagnostic tests were prescribed to 80.0%. Faecal calprotectin, thyroid tests, celiac serology, breath tests were more frequently suggested in IBS-C and anorectal manometry in FC. More than 90% had at least one treatment suggested on chronic constipation, most frequently dietary changes, macrogol and fibers. Antispasmodics and psychotherapy were more frequently prescribed in IBS-C, prucalopride and pelvic floor rehabilitation in FC.CONCLUSIONS: Patients with IBS-C reported more severe symptoms and worse quality of life than FC and NRC. Digital rectal examination was often not performed but at least one diagnostic test was prescribed to most patients. Colonoscopy and blood tests were the "first line" diagnostic tools. Macrogol was the most prescribed laxative, and prucalopride and pelvic floor rehabilitation represented a "second line" approach. Diagnostic tests and prescribed therapies increased by increasing CC severity.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Chronic Disease', 'Colonoscopy', 'Constipation', 'Defecography', 'Digital Rectal Examination', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Irritable Bowel Syndrome', 'Italy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Symptom Assessment']
| 28,088,179
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E01.370.372.250.250.200', 'E01.370.388.250.250.250.160', 'E04.210.240.250.160', 'E04.502.250.250.250.160'], ['C23.888.821.150'], ['E01.370.350.700.715.250'], ['E01.370.600.600.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.405.469.158.272.608'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['E01.370.872']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Role of videomediastinoscopy in diagnostic procedures of pathological conditions in the mediastinum].
|
Due to recent advances in videotechnology and a worldwide comback of invasive staging methods of the lung cancer, mediastinoscopy has been revived. In the Surgical Clinic of the Faculty Hospital in Plzen, the authors carried out 54 videomagnetoscopic examinations of 53 patients aged 58.1 years on average, in total, during the period from 2000 till 2003. Mostly, in 41 cases (76%) the examination was performed as a part of the lung cancer staging procedure. None of the patients exited in direct correlation with the surgical procedure. Complications, not requiring reoperation, were reported in 2 cases. The lung carcinoma staging findings agreed with the postoperative N disease classification in 86% of the examined cases. Five cases (14%) were underestimated and always the superior lobe carcinomas were concerned, out of which four of them were on the left. At the same time, the non-invasive staging examination using computer tomography (CT) in the mediastinal lung cancer dissemination examination, proved to show a high rate of false-positive findings, when compared to that with videomediastinoscopy. Mediastinoscopy remains the supreme method in determining other pathological affections of the middle mediastinum, if properly indicated. The authors carry out the above miniinvasive examination as a part of the lung cancer staging method in all patients with the CT-confirmed mediastinal lymphonodes enlarged over 1 cm. They consider this method a necessary part of this disease staging protocol, in cases of the left superior lung lobe tumors combined with videothoracoscopy. At the same time the authors recommend it as the method of choice in diagnosing other pathological processes of the middle mediastinum, mainly for its high efficiency rate and its low rates of complications.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Mediastinal Neoplasms', 'Mediastinoscopy', 'Middle Aged', 'Video Recording']
| 15,552,017
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['C04.588.894.479', 'C08.846.187.580'], ['E01.370.388.250.560', 'E04.502.250.560', 'E04.928.490'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['L01.280.960']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Proteomic analysis of changes in protein expression in liver mitochondria in apoE knockout mice.
|
The involvement of both apolipoprotein E (apoE) and mitochondria in lipid metabolism is widely recognized, however there is surprisingly scarce data about the putative mitochondrial action(s) of this protein. The aim of the study was to screen the alterations in liver mitochondrial proteome caused by apoE deficiency. We applied 2DE-LC-MS/MS methodology to investigate the changes in liver mitochondrial protein expression in 6-months old apoE(-/-) mice as compared to C57BL/6J controls. ApoE(-/-), but not C57BL/6J mice developed visible atherosclerotic changes in aorta and mild, diffuse steatosis of the liver. Collectively, 18 differentially expressed proteins were identified in mitochondria, related to apoptosis, antioxidant and detoxifying mechanisms of mitochondria, as well as lipid metabolism and transport. In conclusion, differential proteomic approach revealed several lines of proteomic evidence that mitochondrial function in the liver of apoE(-/-) mice could be altered as a result of overlapping of pathological and compensatory changes in expression of proteins.
|
['Animals', 'Apolipoproteins E', 'Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional', 'Female', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Mitochondria, Liver', 'Proteome', 'Proteomics']
| 21,406,262
|
[['B01.050'], ['D10.532.091.500', 'D12.776.070.400.500', 'D12.776.521.120.500'], ['E05.196.401.250', 'E05.301.300.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564.461', 'A11.284.835.626.461'], ['D12.776.817'], ['H01.158.201.843', 'H01.158.273.180.350.700', 'H01.158.273.343.350.700', 'H01.181.122.738']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dinosaur girls, candy girls, and Trinity: voices of Taiwanese club drug users.
|
Research among Asian users of methylenedioxy methamphetamine (MDMA), also known as Ecstasy, is rare. To evaluate the feasibility of a study on the abuse of and dependence on Ecstasy, two focus groups of users (n= 12) and health professionals (n=7) were conducted in Taiwan. Major results included blatant human testing with "candy and dinosaur girls" and a specific sequence of drugs called a "Trinity" (Ecstasy, ketamine, and marijuana). "Head-shaked bars" and "KTVs" were public places where illegal behaviors were implicitly allowed. Depression after Ecstasy use was not reported. For future studies, participants suggested that magnetic resonance imaging could be a strong incentive for young users to enhance willingness to participate. Cultural issues of Ecstasy use are also discussed.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Data Collection', 'Female', 'Focus Groups', 'Hallucinogens', 'Health Personnel', 'Humans', 'Illicit Drugs', 'Ketamine', 'Male', 'Marijuana Abuse', 'N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine', 'Substance-Related Disorders', 'Taiwan', 'Young Adult']
| 19,042,808
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.308', 'L01.399.250', 'N05.715.360.300', 'N06.850.520.308'], ['E05.318.308.112', 'N05.715.360.300.269', 'N06.850.520.308.112'], ['D27.505.696.388', 'D27.505.954.427.700.372'], ['M01.526.485', 'N02.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D26.878'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.367.652'], ['C25.775.635', 'F03.900.635'], ['D02.092.471.683.152.670'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900'], ['Z01.252.474.872', 'Z01.639.850'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Validation of continuous radionuclide left ventricular functioning monitoring in detecting silent myocardial ischemia during balloon angioplasty of the left anterior descending coronary artery.
|
Silent myocardial ischemia has been inferred from transient ST-segment depression during continuous electrocardiographic monitoring. Recently, continuous ambulatory monitoring of left ventricular (LV) function using a radionuclide technique (VEST) has demonstrated episodes of significant silent LV dysfunction in the absence of electrocardiographic changes. To validate the demonstration of silent LV dysfunction with this technique, 12 men were studied during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. A total of 18 left anterior descending coronary artery balloon inflations were performed. Balloon inflations at 8 +/- 2 atm (4 to 10 atm) lasted 70 +/- 16 seconds. Seventeen of 18 inflations were associated with a decrease in LV ejection fraction greater than 0.10. Mean LV ejection fraction decreased from 0.53 +/- 0.08 to 0.28 +/- 0.11 (p less than 0.0001). In contrast, there was pain in only 10 inflations and ST-segment changes in 7. LV dysfunction was associated with a minimal increase in end-diastolic volume (4 +/- 3%, p less than 0.003), and a major increase in relative end-systolic volume (69 +/- 43%, p less than 0.001). These data suggest that continuous monitoring of LV function with the VEST can sensitively detect silent ischemic decreases in LV function occurring during angioplasty, and provide further validation of the use of this technique for detecting silent myocardial ischemia.
|
['Aged', 'Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary', 'Coronary Disease', 'Electrocardiography, Ambulatory', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radionuclide Ventriculography', 'Stroke Volume', 'Ventricular Function, Left']
| 2,042,565
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.148.050.060.100', 'E04.100.376.719.100', 'E04.100.814.529.124.060.100', 'E04.100.814.529.968.050', 'E04.502.382.124.060.100', 'E04.502.382.968.050', 'E04.928.220.520.100', 'E05.157.016.060.100'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['E01.370.370.380.240.230', 'E01.370.405.240.230', 'E01.370.520.500.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.130.937', 'E01.370.350.710.715.710', 'E01.370.370.050.650.650', 'E01.370.370.380.710', 'E01.370.384.730.715.710'], ['E01.370.370.380.150.700', 'G09.330.380.124.882'], ['G09.330.955.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Responses of human skin in organ culture and human skin fibroblasts to a gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent: comparison of skin from patients with end-stage renal disease and skin from healthy subjects.
|
OBJECTIVE: Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis is a clinical syndrome occurring in a small subset of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Exposure to certain of the gadolinium-based contrast agents during magnetic resonance imaging appears to be a trigger. The pathogenesis of the disease is largely unknown. The present study addresses potential pathophysiologic mechanisms.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have compared responses in organ-cultured skin and skin fibroblasts from individuals with ESRD to responses of healthy control subjects to Omniscan treatment.RESULTS: Treatment of skin from ESRD patients with Omniscan stimulated production of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1, but not type I procollagen. The same treatment also stimulated an increase in hyaluronan production. Similar results were seen with skin from normal controls but basal levels were higher in ESRD patients. Fibroblasts in monolayer culture gave the same responses, but there were no differences based on whether the cells were isolated from the skin of healthy subjects or those with ESRD.CONCLUSION: These data indicate that Omniscan exposure alters an enzyme/inhibitor system responsible for regulating collagen turnover in the skin and directly stimulates hyaluronan production. The higher basal levels of type I procollagen, matrix metalloproteinase-1, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1, and hyaluronan in the skin from ESRD patients could contribute to the sensitivity of this patient population to fibrotic changes, which might be induced by exposure to some of the gadolinium-based contrast agents.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Contrast Media', 'Female', 'Fibroblasts', 'Gadolinium', 'Humans', 'Hyaluronic Acid', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 1', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors', 'Middle Aged', 'Nephrogenic Fibrosing Dermopathy', 'Organ Culture Techniques', 'Risk Factors', 'Skin']
| 20,661,146
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['A11.329.228'], ['D01.268.558.362.484', 'D01.552.550.399.484'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D09.698.373.475'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.351', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.100', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.351', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.100', 'D12.644.276.848.100', 'D12.776.467.836.100'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.610'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C17.800.553', 'C23.550.355.550'], ['E05.481.500.484'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['A17.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenases in olfactory epithelium of dogs: possible role in tumorigenicity.
|
The respiratory tract epithelium of dogs, from the nose to the lungs, was examined for cytochrome P-450 and associated biotransformation activities. In the ethmoturbinates, where olfactory epithelium is located, the amount of cytochrome P-450 was comparable to that in the liver, when measured on the basis of activity per milligram of microsomal protein. The rest of the nasal region also contained large quantities of cytochrome P-450. The presence of these enzymes in the nose may be important in chemical-induced tumorigenesis. The nasal carcinogen hexamethyl-phosphoramide was shown to be metabolized by nasal microsomal enzymes to another nasal carcinogen, formaldehyde.
|
['Animals', 'Biotransformation', 'Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System', 'Dogs', 'Liver', 'Lung', 'Microsomes', 'Nasal Mucosa', 'Neoplasms', 'Oxygenases']
| 7,063,870
|
[['B01.050'], ['G03.171', 'G03.787.225', 'G07.690.725.225'], ['D08.244.453', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170', 'D12.776.422.220.453'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['A03.620'], ['A04.411'], ['A11.284.835.540'], ['A04.531.520', 'A04.760.600', 'A10.615.550.760.600'], ['C04'], ['D08.811.682.690']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Transcriptional specificity of human SWI/SNF BRG1 and BRM chromatin remodeling complexes.
|
Mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes are involved in critical aspects of cellular growth and genomic stability. Each complex contains one of two highly homologous ATPases, BRG1 and BRM, yet little is known about their specialized functions. We show that BRG1and BRM associate with different promoters during cellular proliferation and differentiation, and in response to specific signaling pathways by preferential interaction with certain classes of transcription factors. BRG1 binds to zinc finger proteins through a unique N-terminal domain that is not present in BRM. BRM interacts with two ankyrin repeat proteins that are critical components of Notch signal transduction. Thus, BRG1 and BRM complexes may direct distinct cellular processes by recruitment to specific promoters through protein-protein interactions that are unique to each ATPase.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphatases', 'Animals', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Line', 'Chromatin', 'Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone', 'DNA', 'DNA Helicases', 'Humans', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Mice', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Signal Transduction', 'Transcription Factors', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Zinc Fingers']
| 12,620,226
|
[['D08.811.277.040.025'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.152'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.180', 'D12.776.664.224', 'G05.360.160.180'], ['D12.776.660.235', 'D12.776.664.235'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.159', 'D08.811.399.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.660'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D12.776.828'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500.985']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Delivering cognitive-behavior therapy for panic disorder with agoraphobia in videoconference.
|
Delivering psychotherapy by videoconference could significantly increase the accessibility of empirically validated treatments. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) for panic disorder with agoraphobia (PDA) when the therapy is delivered either face-to-face or by videoconference. A sample of 21 participants was treated either face-to-face or by videoconference. Results showed that CBT delivered by videoconference was as effective as CBT delivered face-to-face. There was a statistically significant reduction in all measures, and the number of panic-free participants among those receiving CBT by videoconference was 81% at post-treatment and 91% at the 6-month follow-up. None of the comparisons with face-to-face psychotherapy suggested that CBT delivered by videoconference was less effective. These results were confirmed by analyses of effect size. The participants reported the development of an excellent therapeutic alliance in videoconference as early as the first therapy session. The importance of these results for treatment accessibility is discussed. Hypotheses are proposed to explain the rapid creation of strong therapeutic alliances in videoconferencing.
|
['Adult', 'Agoraphobia', 'Cognitive Behavioral Therapy', 'Computer Terminals', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mental Health Services', 'Middle Aged', 'Ontario', 'Panic Disorder', 'Random Allocation', 'Remote Consultation', 'Rural Health Services', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 15,104,911
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F03.080.100'], ['F04.754.137.350'], ['L01.224.230.260.115.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.408', 'N02.421.461'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.567.176.639'], ['F03.080.700'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['L01.178.847.652.550', 'N04.452.758.849.550', 'N04.590.374.800.550'], ['N02.421.816'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A species checklist of the millipedes (Myriapoda, Diplopoda) of India.
|
At present, the millipede fauna of India comprises over 270 nominate species or subspecies in at least 90 genera, 25 families and 11 orders. As complete a catalogue as possible is compiled of all species or subspecies of Diplopoda formally reported from India, some of which remain dubious. Additionally, a checklist is also compiled of millipedes that have erroneously been recorded in India. Given also several literature lacunae, as well as numerous taxonomic problems, the number of species and even genera cannot be claimed precise. The following new transfers are proposed: Delarthrum pumilum (Attems, 1944), comb. n. ex Dasypharkis Attems, 1936; Stemmiulus crassipes (Carl, 1941), S. insolitus (Carl, 1941), S. mulierosus (Carl, 1937), S. plumipes (Carl, 1941) and S. vagans (Carl, 1941), all comb. n. ex Diopsiulus Silvestri, 1897; Cryptocorypha riparia (Carl, 1932), comb. n. ex Archandrodesmus Carl, 1932. A new record of Stenobolus insularis Carl, 1918 is given from India.
|
['Animal Distribution', 'Animals', 'Arthropods', 'India', 'Species Specificity']
| 27,395,645
|
[['F01.145.113.069', 'G16.049'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
General cognitive ability in children with reading comprehension difficulties.
|
BACKGROUND: Children with specific reading comprehension difficulties read accurately and fluently but are poor at understanding what they read.AIMS: This study investigated cognitive ability in children with poor reading comprehension with a view to determining the relationship between general cognitive ability and specific reading comprehension difficulty.SAMPLE: Twenty-five poor comprehenders and 24 control children, matched for chronological age and word reading ability, participated in this study.METHODS: General conceptual ability (GCA) was assessed using the British Ability Scales (2(nd) edition; BAS-II); good and poor comprehenders' performance on different subscales was compared and related to underlying skills in reading accuracy, reading comprehension and number.RESULTS: There was a general tendency for poor comprehenders to achieve lower scores on verbal tasks than on non-verbal and spatial tasks. Although the poor comprehenders scored significantly below the control children across most subtests, most obtained GCA scores within the normal range. For these children, reading comprehension was significantly below GCA-expected levels. A subset of poor comprehenders with below average GCA showed a clear hyperlexic profile in which comprehension was not unexpectedly poor but rather, reading accuracy was surprisingly good.CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the heterogeneity of children presenting with poor reading comprehension. Although most poor comprehenders have weaknesses that appear to be restricted to the verbal domain, a minority have more general cognitive impairments.
|
['Child', 'Cognition', 'Comprehension', 'Humans', 'Learning Disabilities', 'Male', 'Reading']
| 12,495,566
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['F02.463.188'], ['F02.463.188.357'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.597.606.150.550', 'C23.888.592.604.150.550', 'F03.625.562'], ['L01.559.423.557']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Tocilizumab in rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis of efficacy and selected clinical conundrums.
|
INTRODUCTION: Tocilizumab (TCZ) is a biological agent used for the treatment of moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In the present systematic literature review and meta-analysis, we provide an update on the efficacy and safety of TCZ and our clinical comments for the treatment of RA.METHODS: We searched PubMed for randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials investigating the effects of TCZ on RA. The initial search included articles from 1966 to December 2011. The search was subsequently updated in April 2013. Studies had to report clinical efficacy using American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 20, 50, and 70 disease measures. The studies included participants who were 18 years of age and who met the ACR 1987 revised criteria for RA for 6 months or longer. Two reviewers independently abstracted the data, and disagreement was resolved by discussion with a third reviewer. Outcome measures were analyzed as odds ratio using the Mantel-Haenszel estimator under a random effects model to account for heterogeneity in intervention effects between trials. Descriptive statistics were used to compare adverse events.RESULTS: After reviewing and culling, 8 randomized, controlled, double-blind studies were included in the efficacy meta-analysis. TCZ 8mg/kg was statistically favored over TCZ 4mg/kg or placebo regarding ACR responses. Clinically significant adverse events that occurred with TCZ treatment included infections, lipid and liver function test abnormalities, and gastrointestinal side effects, all of which were more common with TCZ.CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis supports the use of TCZ as an appropriate treatment for moderate to severe RA as monotherapy and combination therapy. Close monitoring for significant adverse events is required when treating patients with TCZ. Future long-term trials should focus further on safety of this agent.
|
['Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized', 'Antirheumatic Agents', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Humans', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 24,262,929
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200'], ['D27.505.954.329'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Effect of 10-15% carbamide peroxide on enamel fluoride concentration in vital bleached teeth].
|
The objective of the study was to evaluate the concentration of fluoride in human enamel before and after bleaching using 10-15% carbamide peroxide and after application of the fluoride varnish. Microsamples of enamel were collected using acid biopsy and the concentration of fluoride in the superficial and underlying layer was assayed. No significant differences were observed in the concentration of fluoride in both layers of enamel before and after bleaching as well as after varnish application. Bleaching with 10-15% carbamide peroxide has no influence on the concentration of fluoride in enamel.
|
['Biopsy', 'Carbamide Peroxide', 'Dental Enamel', 'Drug Combinations', 'Humans', 'Peroxides', 'Sodium Fluoride', 'Tooth Bleaching', 'Urea']
| 16,892,581
|
[['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.318', 'D01.339.431.374.318', 'D01.650.550.750.300', 'D02.065.950.278', 'D02.389.338.154'], ['A14.549.167.900.255'], ['D26.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750', 'D01.339.431.374', 'D01.650.550.750', 'D02.389.338'], ['D01.303.350.300.875', 'D01.857.725', 'D25.223.716', 'J01.637.051.223.716'], ['E06.420.750'], ['D02.065.950']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evolution of chromosome organization driven by selection for reduced gene expression noise.
|
The distribution of genes on eukaryotic chromosomes is nonrandom, but the reasons behind this are not well understood. The commonly observed clustering of essential genes is a case in point. Here we model and test a new hypothesis. Essential proteins are unusual in that random fluctuations in abundance (noise) can be highly deleterious. We hypothesize that persistently open chromatin domains are sinks for essential genes, as they enable reduced noise by avoidance of transcriptional bursting associated with chromatin remodeling. Simulation of the model captures clustering and correctly predicts that (i) essential gene clusters are associated with low nucleosome occupancy (ii) noise-sensitive nonessential genes cluster with essential genes (iii) nonessential genes of similar knockout fitness are physically linked (iv) genes in domains rich in essential genes have low noise (v) essential genes are rare subtelomerically and (vi) essential gene clusters are preferentially conserved. We conclude that different noise characteristics of different genomic domains favors nonrandom gene positioning. This has implications for gene therapy and understanding transgenic phenotypes.
|
['Animals', 'Chromosomes', 'Eukaryotic Cells', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Gene Expression', 'Gene Order', 'Genome', 'Models, Genetic', 'Multigene Family', 'Yeasts']
| 17,660,811
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.284.187', 'A11.284.430.106.279.345.190', 'G05.360.162'], ['A11.450'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['G05.297'], ['G05.340'], ['G05.360.340'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['B01.300.930']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Post-DSAEK optical changes: a comprehensive prospective analysis on the role of ocular wavefront aberrations, haze, and corneal thickness.
|
PURPOSE: The aim was to assess the visual impact of ocular wavefront aberrations, corneal thickness, and corneal light scatter prospectively after performing a Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) in humans.METHODS: Data were obtained prospectively from 20 eyes preoperatively and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post-DSAEK. At each visit, the best spectacle-corrected visual acuity and visual acuity with glare (brightness acuity testing) were recorded, and ocular wavefront measurements and corneal optical coherence tomography (OCT) were performed. The magnitude and the sign of individual Zernike terms [higher-order aberrations (HOAs)] were determined. Epithelial, host stromal, donor stromal, and total corneal thicknesses were quantified. The brightness and intensity profiles of OCT images were generated to quantify light scatter in the whole cornea, subepithelial region, anterior and posterior host stroma, interface, and donor stroma.RESULTS: The mean best spectacle-corrected visual acuity and glare disability at low light levels improved from 1 to 12 months post-DSAEK. All corneal thicknesses and ocular lower-order aberrations and HOAs were found to be stable from 1 to 12 months, whereas total corneal, host stromal, and interface brightness intensities decreased significantly over the same period. A repeated measures analysis of variance performed across the follow-up period revealed that the change in scatter, but not the change in the HOAs, could account for the variability occurring in the acuity from 1 to 12 months post-DSAEK.CONCLUSIONS: Although ocular HOAs and scatter are both elevated over normal values post-DSAEK, our results demonstrate that the improvements in visual performance occurring over the first year post-DSAEK are associated with decreasing light scatter. In contrast, there were no significant changes in the ocular HOAs during this time. Because corneal light scatter decreased between 1 and 12 months despite there being stable corneal thicknesses over the same period, we conclude that factors that induced light scatter, other than tissue thickness or swelling (corneal edema), significantly impacted the visual improvements that occurred over time post-DSAEK. A better understanding of the cellular and extracellular matrix changes of the subepithelial region and interface, incurred by the surgical creation of a lamellar host-graft interface, and the subsequent healing of these tissues, is warranted.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Corneal Topography', 'Corneal Wavefront Aberration', 'Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty', 'Female', 'Glare', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Pseudophakia', 'Tomography, Optical Coherence', 'Visual Acuity']
| 24,162,748
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['E01.370.380.150'], ['C11.204.431', 'C11.744.345'], ['E02.095.147.725.262', 'E04.540.825.374.112', 'E04.936.580.262'], ['G01.590.540.333', 'G14.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C23.888.681'], ['E01.370.350.589.249.500', 'E01.370.350.825.805.500', 'E05.642.249.500'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Value of cross-sectional area of median nerve by MRI in carpal tunnel syndrome.
|
BACKGROUND: Carpal tunnel syndrome is diagnosed based on history, physical examination, and nerve conduction testing; however, there are no clear criteria for the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome. Recently, studies have aimed to diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome through ultrasound or MRI. The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the cross-sectional area of the median nerve between patients with carpal tunnel syndrome and a control group.METHODS: From July 2015 to August 2017, we retrospectively analyzed fishery and white-collar workers (164 people, 37 men, 127 women). Carpal tunnel syndrome was diagnosed on the basis of both physical examination and nerve conduction testing. A negative result in either test led to exclusion from the study.RESULTS: In total, 164 wrist MRI were retrieved, with 67 patients diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome and 97 patients allocated to the control group. The mean value of cross-sectional area at the pisiform was 18.8 mm2 in the MRI of the carpal tunnel syndrome patients and 12.1 mm2 (p-value <0.05) in the control group. The mean value of cross-sectional area at the hook of hamate was 11.70 mm2 and that at the control group was 11.67 mm2 (p-value 0.055).CONCLUSION: Cross-sectional area at pisiform in MRI is a valuable factor in the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome and in predicting the duration of pain.
|
['Aged', 'Carpal Tunnel Syndrome', 'Female', 'Hamate Bone', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Median Nerve', 'Middle Aged', 'Neural Conduction', 'Pain', 'Physical Examination', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 31,473,048
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.668.829.500.500.200', 'C10.668.829.550.200', 'C26.844.150.206'], ['A02.835.232.087.319.150.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['A08.800.800.720.050.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G07.265.753', 'G11.561.601'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['E01.370.600'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Semiautomated resolution of overlapping stutter patterns in genomic microsatellite analysis.
|
Microsatellites are polymorphic, short nucleotide repeating units scattered more or less randomly throughout the genome. They are readily detectable by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and often used as genomic markers. One problem in the analysis of microsatellite data is the appearance of secondary bands during PCR that result in extended banding patterns. These "stutter" patterns may overlap in heterozygous alleles and obscure the overall pattern, severely interfering with analysis. This paper develops a model that successfully predicts the general shape of stutter patterns. It then presents techniques for measuring the intensity of the individual contributing alleles. The model is based on the assumption that there is a certain probability of losing or gaining a microsatellite repeat unit during each PCR cycle. The effect is cumulative, with the chance of losing a repeat unit being much greater than that of gaining one, which leads to a gradual reduction in the mean length of the pattern with increased PCR cycles. This can be modeled quantitatively to predict the shape of the stutter pattern, a prediction borne out by experiment. Next, a least-squares technique is presented that is used to analyze the overlapping stutter patterns and determine the relative concentration of each microsatellite in heterozygous alleles. The technique is based on the observation that, at least for microsatellites of approximately the same length, the relative intensity of each band in the stutter pattern is approximately the same for each allele. The stutter shape is most easily determined from homozygous alleles. It can also be approximated from heterozygous samples if the difference between the lengths of the primary microsatellite bands can be determined.
|
['Algorithms', 'Alleles', 'Cell Line', 'DNA', 'Humans', 'Loss of Heterozygosity', 'Microsatellite Repeats', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction']
| 9,300,082
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D13.444.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.590.029.530'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.340.024.850.500'], ['E05.599'], ['E05.393.620.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
HIV prevalence and risk in long-distance truck drivers in South Africa: a national cross-sectional survey.
|
We estimated the prevalence of HIV and assessed correlates of HIV infection in long-distance truck drivers in South Africa. Between October 2003 and July 2004, 1900 long-distance truck drivers aged ?18 years consented to interview and for testing for HIV. Participants were selected from a 10% stratified random sample of registered truck depots. A proximate-determinants framework was used to assess the hierarchical relationship between risk factors and HIV infection using logistic regression. HIV prevalence was 26% (95% confidence interval 24% to 28%). In multivariate analyses, HIV infection was associated with spending 2-4 weeks on the road (adjusted odds ratio 1.4; 95% confidence interval 1.1 to 1.9). There was modest evidence of a dose-response relationship between time on the road and HIV risk. Mobility increased risk by creating conditions for unsafe sex and reducing access to health services. Targeted HIV interventions for long-distance truck drivers are needed.
|
['Adult', 'Automobile Driving', 'Condoms', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Motor Vehicles', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Occupations', 'Prevalence', 'Risk Factors', 'Risk-Taking', 'Sexual Behavior', 'Sexual Partners', 'South Africa', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 24,352,131
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['I03.125'], ['E07.190.270.150'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['J01.937.500'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['N01.824.547'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.722'], ['F01.145.802'], ['M01.778'], ['Z01.058.290.175.735'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Staining patterns of keratins in the human urinary tract.
|
The keratins, members of the intermediate filament family, are characteristically expressed in epithelial cells. In the various types of epithelia, the keratin expression pattern is characterized by cell-type specific combinations of the keratin isotypes with a plain pattern in monolayered (simple) epithelia and more complex patterns in stratified and pseudostratified epithelia. Here we demonstrate that the transitional epithelium of the human urinary tract holds an exceptional position between the pseudostratified and stratified epithelia. We show that the simple epithelia keratins 7, 8, 18 and 19 are expressed throughout the whole epithelium as known from pseudostratified epithelia. In addition, we demonstrate expression of keratins 5, 14 and 17, otherwise present in basal cells of multilayered epithelia, and keratins 4 and 13, present in suprabasal areas of non cornified multilayered epithelia. Moreover, we report differences in expression in the various morphological parts of the urinary tract which might be related to their specific functions. Keratin 20, a typical component of the simple epithelia of the digestive tract, is present in bladder and ureter but not in the renal pelvis. Keratin 6, typical for stratified epithelia, is found only in parts of the renal pelvis. We further show that changes in keratin pattern occur during the development from embryonic to adult bladder urothelium. In contrast to adult tissue, the simple type keratins 7, 8 and 18 are not synthesized in basal embryonic cells. Further, keratin 20, present in cells facing the bladder lumen in adult urothelium, is expressed in all but the basal cells in embryonic bladder.
|
['Adult', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Humans', 'Keratins', 'Microscopy, Electron, Transmission', 'Staining and Labeling', 'Urinary Tract', 'Urothelium']
| 19,760,592
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D05.750.078.593.450', 'D12.776.220.475.450', 'D12.776.860.607'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.580', 'E05.595.402.580'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670', 'E05.200.500.620.670', 'E05.200.750.600.670'], ['A05.810'], ['A10.272.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Full sternotomy through a minimally invasive incision: a cardiac surgeon's true comfort zone.
|
Increasing attention is being paid by cardiac surgeons to performing cardiac surgical procedures through less invasive approaches, including the use of limited incisions. A limited incisional approach is described that achieves full sternotomy, allows the use of standard operative instruments and techniques, permits rapid, easy conversion to normal sternotomy exposure, and is easy to learn.
|
['Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Humans', 'Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures', 'Sternum']
| 9,800,857
|
[['E04.100.376', 'E04.928.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.502'], ['A02.835.232.570.750']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Construction of a recombinant Lactobacillus acidophilus expressing high levels of Helicobacter pylori adhesin Hp0410].
|
OBJECTIVE: To construct a recombinant Lactobacillus acidophilus that expresses high levels of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) adhesin Hp0410.METHODS: The gene fragment encoding Hp0410 was amplified by PCR from the DNA of H. pylori NCTC11639 strain and cloned into the shuttle plasmid pMG36e to construct pMG36e-Hp0410, which was transformed into Lactobacillus acidophilus by electroporation. The target protein was confirmed with SDS-PAGE and silver nitrate staining and analyzed by Western blotting. The stability of the recombinant plasmid was assessed by drawing the growth curve of the recombinant Lactobacillus acidophilus.RESULTS: A 750-bp fragment was inserted into the pMG36e plasmid and transformed into Lactobacillus lactis. The transformed bacterium expressed the target protein with a relative molecular mass of about 34 kD. Western blotting confirmed that the expressed proteins could be recognized by the serum of patients with Hp infection. The recombinant plasmid pMG36e-Hp0410 exhibited good stability in the presence or absence of erythromycin.CONCLUSIONS: The recombinant Lactobacillus acidophilus with high constitutive expression of Hp0410 has been constructed successfully.
|
['Adhesins, Bacterial', 'Bacterial Vaccines', 'Helicobacter Infections', 'Humans', 'Lactobacillus acidophilus', 'Plasmids', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Vaccines, Attenuated']
| 20,159,678
|
[['D12.776.097.120.050', 'D12.776.543.100.050', 'D23.050.161.050'], ['D20.215.894.135'], ['C01.150.252.400.466'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B03.353.750.450.475.100', 'B03.510.460.400.410.475.475.100', 'B03.510.550.450.475.100'], ['G05.360.600'], ['D12.776.828'], ['D20.215.894.811']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Adenovirus vector expressing keratinocyte growth factor using CAG promoter impairs pulmonary function of mice with elastase-induced emphysema.
|
Pulmonary emphysema impairs quality of life and increases mortality. It has previously been shown that administration of adenovirus vector expressing murine keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) before elastase instillation prevents pulmonary emphysema in mice. We therefore hypothesized that therapeutic administration of KGF would restore damage to lungs caused by elastase instillation and thus improve pulmonary function in an animal model. KGF expressing adenovirus vector, which prevented bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in a previous study, was constructed. Adenovirus vector (1.0 ? 109 plaque-forming units) was administered intratracheally one week after administration of elastase into mouse lungs. One week after administration of KGF-vector, exercise tolerance testing and blood gas analysis were performed, after which the lungs were removed under deep anesthesia. KGF-positive pneumocytes were more numerous, surfactant protein secretion in the airspace greater and mean linear intercept of lungs shorter in animals that had received KGF than in control animals. Unexpectedly, however, arterial blood oxygenation was worse in the KGF group and maximum running speed, an indicator of exercise capacity, had not improved after KGF in mice with elastase-induced emphysema, indicating that KGF-expressing adenovirus vector impaired pulmonary function in these mice. Notably, vector lacking KGF-expression unit did not induce such impairment, implying that the KGF expression unit itself may cause the damage to alveolar cells. Possible involvement of the CAG promoter used for KGF expression in impairing pulmonary function is discussed.
|
['Adenoviridae', 'Alveolar Epithelial Cells', 'Animals', 'Bleomycin', 'DNA, Viral', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Emphysema', 'Fibroblast Growth Factor 7', 'Genetic Therapy', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Pancreatic Elastase', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Pulmonary Fibrosis', 'Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D']
| 28,543,309
|
[['B04.280.030'], ['A04.411.715.100', 'A11.436.081'], ['B01.050'], ['D09.400.420.110', 'D12.644.233.110'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['C23.550.325'], ['D12.644.276.624.170', 'D12.776.467.624.170', 'D23.529.624.170'], ['E02.095.301', 'E05.393.420.301'], ['G05.360.337'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.560', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.560'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['C08.381.765'], ['D12.776.503.280.249.625', 'D12.776.823.249']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Nurses' Perceptions of Implementing Fall Prevention Interventions to Mitigate Patient-Specific Fall Risk Factors.
|
Evidence-based (EB) fall prevention interventions to mitigate patient-specific fall risk factors are readily available but not routinely used in practice. Few studies have examined nurses' perceptions about both the use of these EB interventions and implementation strategies designed to promote their adoption. This article reports qualitative findings of nurses' perceptions about use of EB fall prevention interventions to mitigate patient-specific fall risks, and implementation strategies to promote use of these interventions. The findings revealed five major themes: before-study fall prevention practices, use of EB fall prevention interventions tailored to patient-specific fall risk factors, beneficial implementation strategies, overall impact on approach to fall prevention, and challenges These findings are useful to guide nurses' engagement and use of EB fall prevention practices tailored to patient-specific fall risk factors.
|
['Accidental Falls', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Evidence-Based Practice', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Nurses', 'Patient-Centered Care', 'Qualitative Research', 'Risk Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 27,106,881
|
[['N06.850.135.122'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['H02.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.526.485.650', 'N02.360.650'], ['N04.590.233.727.407'], ['H01.770.644.241.850'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Venous thromboembolism: pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions.
|
The formation of blood clots is a significant threat to individuals with limited mobility, whether in the hospital or recovering in an outpatient setting. Prevention of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism has been found to be cost-effective when compared with treating an existing thrombosis. Despite these positive findings, compliance with the clinical practice guidelines is less than ideal. The National Consensus Standards for the Prevention and Care of Deep Vein Thrombosis Project identified 4 domains to address the problem of noncompliance related to venous thromboembolism: risk assessment, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.The objective of treating an existing deep vein thrombosis is to prevent further extension of the clot. Pharmacological interventions for both prevention and treatment include unfractionated heparin, low-molecular-weight heparin, selective factor Xa inhibitors, and vitamin K antagonists; nonpharmacological interventions include mechanical measures, such as inferior vena cava filters, graduated compression stockings, and intermittent pneumatic compression devices. Pharmacological interventions interfere with various factors of the coagulation cascade. An adverse effect commonly associated with these drugs is excessive bleeding. The mechanism of action surrounding mechanical interventions is to increase venous return and decrease the risk of pooling of blood in the leg veins. These interventions are effective only if implemented. Clinical application of clinical practice guidelines is imperative to protect patients at risk.
|
['Anticoagulants', 'Factor Xa Inhibitors', 'Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight', 'Humans', 'Intermittent Pneumatic Compression Devices', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic', 'Stockings, Compression', 'Vena Cava Filters', 'Venous Thromboembolism', 'Vitamin K']
| 19,858,963
|
[['D27.505.954.502.119'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.800.449.500', 'D27.505.954.502.119.500.500'], ['D09.698.373.400.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.515'], ['N04.761.700.350.650', 'N05.700.350.650'], ['E07.101.400.500'], ['E07.695.207.500'], ['C14.907.355.590.700'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.721.374', 'D02.455.849.291.523.500', 'D04.615.638.721.374']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Clinical characteristics and mechanism of liver injury in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome].
|
OBJECTIVES: To summarize the clinical features of liver injury in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), providing information for further mechanism and clinical study.METHODS: The clinical and some laboratory data of 154 patients suffered from SARS were collected and analyzed, who were admitted to the isolation wards of Beijing You-an Hospital from March 11 to June 3, 2003. The serum samples were taken from 46 patients to detect IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-alpha, endotoxin and hepatitis related viral inclusions. In addition, 11 patients were detected ultrasonically, and 3 patients were described pathological features. Other two groups including 15 healthy care workers and 22 patients with chronic hepatitis in the same period were selected and analyzed as controls.RESULTS: When being admitted to hospital, serum ALT and (or) AST levels were elevated in 37.7% SARS patients. Some of them (43.1%) were mild, and most of them (56.9%) were moderate. Abnormal liver function mainly resulted from ALT elevation (70.7%), then both ALT and AST elevation (22.4%). The aminotransferases in 75.9% SARS patients normalized within two weeks, while they elevated in four patients during the hospitalization. There was a significant difference in ALT/AST elevation rates between severe and mild clinical type (chi2=19.28, P<0.05). Serum total bilirubin values elevated in 8.4% patients. Serum albumin and prealbumin levels decreased in 24.0% and 28.6% patients, respectively. Creatine kinase (CK) and (or) creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) levels elevated in 72.7% patients when they hospitalized. The six kinds of interleukins and TNF-alpha levels during the first week of hospitalization were higher than those in the fourth week and in control groups (t>or=1.67, P<0.05). The levels of some factors, such as IL-1beta, IL-6 and IL-10 in patients with elevated ALT, were higher than those in ALT normal patients (t>or=2.36, P<0.05). In the first week, only 15.2% patients had elevated serum endotoxin level. Ultrasonic examination and pathological observation showed no special features, compared with those in common acute hepatitis patients.CONCLUSIONS: All the results suggest strongly that there may be a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in most SARS patients in early stage, and the liver damage is only its partial signs. It may be beneficial to suppress cytokines storm in SARS patients in early stage, which will stop the progression of SIRS and release hepatic damage and improve the prognosis of SARS patients.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Alanine Transaminase', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-1', 'Interleukin-10', 'Interleukin-6', 'Liver', 'Liver Diseases', 'Liver Function Tests', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome', 'Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome']
| 12,939,186
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D08.811.913.477.700.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400', 'D23.529.374.465.131', 'D23.529.374.500.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.510', 'D12.776.467.374.465.510', 'D23.529.374.465.510'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['A03.620'], ['C06.552'], ['E01.370.372.460'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.748.730', 'C01.925.782.600.550.200.750', 'C08.730.730'], ['C23.550.470.790', 'C23.550.835.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Parents' decision making and access to preventive healthcare for young children: applying Andersen's Model.
|
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Implementing preventive health care for young children provides the best chance of improving health and changing a child's life course. In Australia, despite government support for preventive health care, uptake of preventive services for young children is low. Using Andersen's behavioural model of health-care utilization, we aimed to understand how parents conceptualized their children's preventive health care and how this impacted on access to preventive health-care services.DESIGN: Semi-structured telephone interviews conducted between May and July 2011.SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-eight parents of children aged 3-5 years from three diverse socio-economic areas of Melbourne, Australia.RESULTS: Thematic analysis showed parents' access to child preventive health care was determined by birth order of their child, cultural health beliefs, personal health practices, relationship with the health provider and the costs associated with health services. Parents with more than one child placed their own experience ahead of professional expertise, and their younger children were less likely to complete routine preventive health checks. Concerns around developmental delays required validation through family, friends and childcare organizations before presentation to health services.CONCLUSIONS: To improve child preventive health requires increased flexibility of services, strengthening of inter-professional relationships and enhancement of parents' knowledge about the importance of preventive health in early childhood. Policies that encourage continuity of care and remove point of service costs will further reduce barriers to preventive care for young children. Recent reforms in Australia's primary health care and the expansion of child preventive health checks into general practice present a timely opportunity for this to occur.
|
['Australia', 'Child, Preschool', 'Decision Making', 'Female', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Parenting', 'Parents', 'Preventive Health Services', 'Professional-Family Relations']
| 23,796,071
|
[['Z01.639.100', 'Z01.678.100.373'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['F02.463.785.373'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.263.370.310'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['N02.421.726'], ['F01.829.401.550']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Influence of 5'-terminal m7G and 2'--O-methylated residues on messenger ribonucleic acid binding to ribosomes.
|
Removal of 80% of the 5'-terminal 7-methyl-guanosine (m7G) from methylated reovirus mRNA by beta elimination results in a concomitant loss of the ability to bind to wheat germ ribosomes. The mRNA molecules that retain the m7G account for most of the residual binding. Removal of the m7G from all molecules in preparations of methylated reovirus and vesicular stomatitis virus mRNA reduces the extent of binding to wheat germ ribosomes from 80% to 5-7%. In the reticulocyte lysate, however, significant binding (17-34%) of the beta-eliminated viral RNAs occurs. This m7G-independent binding appears to be due to recognition by ribosomes of other structural features of the 5'-proximal sequences. Initiation complexes involving beta-eliminated animal virus mRNAs and rabbit reticulocyte ribosomes appear to be more stable than the more heterologous combination of the same viral mRNAs and wheat germ ribosomes. In addition, evidence is presented to show that the 2'-O-methylated nucleoside of the 5'-terminal cap has a positive influence on the ribosome binding of viral mRNA and of capped synthetic ribopolymers. A model involving recognition of multiple structural features of the 5'-terminal region of mRNA by ribosomes during initiation of protein synthesis is presented.
|
['Animals', 'Cytosine Nucleotides', 'Guanine Nucleotides', 'Kinetics', 'Methylation', 'Plants', 'RNA, Messenger', 'RNA, Viral', 'Rabbits', 'Reoviridae', 'Reticulocytes', 'Ribosomes', 'Triticum']
| 1,009,086
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.383.742.686.246', 'D13.695.740.246', 'D13.695.827.232'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454', 'D13.695.667.454', 'D13.695.827.426'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['G02.111.035.538', 'G02.607.094.538', 'G03.059.538'], ['B01.650'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['B04.820.223.719'], ['A11.118.290.760', 'A11.148.790', 'A11.443.240.665', 'A15.145.229.334.760', 'A15.378.316.790'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.918']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Coverage error of three conceptually different shade guide systems to vital unrestored dentition.
|
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: It remains unclear which shade guide system is most representative of the shades found in the human dentition.PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine and to compare the coverage errors (CEs) of 3 different shades in a selected population.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The coverage errors of the following shade guide systems were evaluated to determine which shade guide system is most effective in producing the best visual shade match: (1) Vita Lumin, (2) Chromascop, (3) Vitapan 3D Master, and (4) a combination of the 3 shade guide systems. The spectral reflectance values of the central one ninth (1-mm diameter) of each shade tab (without a backing) were measured with a spectroradiometer and an external light source at wavelengths from 380 nm to 780 nm at 2-nm intervals. All spectral reflectance measurements were made using 0-degree observer and 45-degree illumination and then converted to CIE values. The color values of 359 anterior teeth were measured with the same protocol. The CEs for each of the 359 anterior teeth for each shade guide system, and with all 3 shade guide systems, were determined and averaged. Repeated measure ANOVA was used to evaluate the mean minimum CEs within-subject (shade guide system) and between-subject (age) difference as well as the interaction between these variables (alpha=.05). Then, a post hoc multiple comparison was performed using the Tukey-Kramer test.RESULTS: A significant difference (P<.001) was found among the mean minimum CEs of the 3 shade guide systems and their combination, but not between age groups (P=.384). An interaction was found between shade guide systems and age (P<.001). The Tukey-Kramer test revealed that the mean minimum CEs for Vita Lumin (5.39 DeltaE) and Chromoscop (5.28 DeltaE) shade guide systems were not significantly different from each other. However, the combination of all 3 shade guide systems (3.69 DeltaE) and Vitapan 3D Master (3.93 DeltaE) were significantly different from the Vita Lumin and Chromoscop shade guide system. The rankings of the shade guide systems within each age group were similar between the age groups.CONCLUSIONS: The Vitapan 3D Master shade guide system resulted in the lowest coverage errors compared to the Vita Lumin or Chromascop shade guide systems. Coverage errors for the Vitapan 3D Master shade guide system did not differ significantly from the coverage errors when all 3 shade guide systems were combined.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Color', 'Colorimetry', 'Cuspid', 'Humans', 'Incisor', 'Maxilla', 'Middle Aged', 'Prosthesis Coloring', 'Reference Standards']
| 17,854,618
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['G01.590.540.199'], ['E05.196.922.250'], ['A14.549.167.860.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A14.549.167.860.425'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.645', 'A14.521.645'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.320.550.550', 'E07.695.680.550'], ['E05.978.808']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Choroidal vascular changes in age-related macular degeneration.
|
PURPOSE: To assess the choroidal vascular changes using choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) compared to controls.METHODS: Enhanced depth imaging (EDI) optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans of 64 patients with unilateral or bilateral AMD were obtained. Images with a poorly demarcated choroidal-scleral interface (CSI) were excluded from the analysis. Foveal scans of 63 AMD eyes and 35 'normal fellow' eyes were analysed. Images of 30 eyes from 18 age-matched healthy subjects were included as controls. Choroidal vascularity index (CVI) was derived from binarization of EDI OCT images, using fiji software.RESULTS: The mean age was 56.50 ± 5.50 years for AMD patients and 52.25 ± 6.75 years for controls. All patients were treatment na?ve. Subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) in AMD, 'normal fellow' eyes and controls was 314.02 ± 78.80 ìm, 300.88 ± 53.85 ìm and 278.5 ± 65.31 ìm, respectively. Choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in AMD, 'normal fellow' eyes and controls was 64.04 ± 2.43%, 64.66 ± 2.25% and 66.07 ± 1.72%, respectively. Choroidal vascularity index (CVI) of both AMD and 'normal fellow' eyes was significantly lower compared to controls (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.007). The SFCT of AMD eye was not found to be significantly different from 'normal fellow eyes' (p = 0.45).CONCLUSION: There was no statistical difference in SFCT, but CVI was significantly lower in patients with AMD. Choroidal vascularity index (CVI) was also lower in 'normal fellow' AMD eyes as compared to controls. This suggests possible reduction in choroidal vascularity in eyes with AMD and also to a certain extent in the 'normal fellow' eyes without phenotypical manifestations and may suggest underlying choroidal morphological change leading to wet AMD.
|
['Choroid', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Fluorescein Angiography', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Fundus Oculi', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retinal Vessels', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tomography, Optical Coherence', 'Visual Acuity', 'Wet Macular Degeneration']
| 28,391,615
|
[['A09.371.894.223'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E01.370.370.050.350', 'E01.370.380.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['A09.371.729.313'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A07.015.611'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.370.350.589.249.500', 'E01.370.350.825.805.500', 'E05.642.249.500'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940'], ['C11.768.585.439.622']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Direct detection of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus in blood culture broth by use of a penicillin binding protein 2a latex agglutination test.
|
We studied the utility of performing a penicillin binding protein 2a latex agglutination (PBP-LA) assay directly on Bactec blood culture broth samples containing Staphylococcus aureus to rapidly detect methicillin resistance. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of this method were 94.1%, 97.5%, 98%, and 92.9%, respectively.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Bacteriological Techniques', 'Blood', 'Humans', 'Latex Fixation Tests', 'Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus', 'Penicillin-Binding Proteins', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 20,129,965
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['E01.370.225.875.150', 'E05.200.875.150'], ['A12.207.152', 'A15.145'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.050.450', 'E05.200.812.735.050.450', 'E05.478.594.760.050.450'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100.500', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100.500', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100.500', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100.500'], ['D08.811.710', 'D12.776.097.545'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Intestinal flora of the medicinal leech Hirudinaria manillensis.
|
Medicinal leeches are widely used to treat venous congestion in microvascular surgery. Aeromonas hydrophila infection, following application of the leech species Hirudo medicinalis, is a recognized complication. Administration of antibiotics directed at Aeromonas has been successful in minimizing complications of infection from this organism. A different leech species, Hirudinaria manillensis, has recently been introduced for microsurgical use. A study of the enteric content of 30 of these leeches showed that Aeromonas hydrophila was isolated in only 20 percent of animals, while the majority of remaining positive cultures were single and mixed gram-negative rods. All organisms isolated were sensitive to current recommended coverage for Aeromonas hydrophila. This study suggests that the enteric flora of different leech species may be variable and should be carefully characterized, to direct appropriate prophylactic therapy prior to release of new species for clinical use.
|
['Aeromonas', 'Animals', 'Cephalosporins', 'Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections', 'Humans', 'Intestines', 'Leeches']
| 8,182,569
|
[['B03.440.450.019.025'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.065.589.099.249', 'D02.886.665.074', 'D03.633.100.300.249'], ['C01.150.252.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.556.124'], ['B01.050.500.091.426']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Home hemodialysis review in Iowa: 1970--1977.
|
One hundred fifty-two patients were accepted for home hemodialysis training from 1970 to 1976. Duration of training varied from 4 to 22 weeks. The primary reason for discontinuing home dialysis was patient and assistant psychological adjustment problems. Patient medical and technical problems were not related to the distance from the home dialysis training unit. Cumulative probability of survival was .948 at one year and .637 at five years. Cardiovascular disease accounted for 80% of the patients who died while receiving long-term hemodialysis. Fifty-three percent of the deaths in patients after renal transplantation were secondary to infectious causes.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Child', 'Female', 'Hemodialysis, Home', 'Humans', 'Iowa', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 363,085
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E02.870.300.300', 'E02.912.800.300', 'N02.421.143.524.337'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.875.510.370'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Active fiber composites for the generation of Lamb waves.
|
Active fiber composites (AFC) are thin and conformable transducer elements with orthotropic material properties, since they are made of one layer of piezoelectric ceramic fibers. They are suitable for applications in structural health monitoring systems (SHM) with acoustic non-destructive testing methods (NDT). In the presented work the transfer behavior of an AFC as an emitter of transient elastic waves in plate-like structures is investigated. The wave field emitted by an AFC surface bonded on an isotropic plate was simulated with the finite-difference method. The model includes the piezoelectric element and the plate and allows the simulation of the elastic wave propagation. For comparison with the model experiments using a laser interferometer for non-contact measurements of particle velocities at different points around the AFC on the surface of the plate were performed. Transfer functions defined as the ratio of the electric voltage excitation signal and the resulting surface velocity at a specific point are separately determined for the two fundamental Lamb wave modes. In order to take the orthotropic behavior of the AFC into account the transfer functions are determined for several points around the AFC. Results show that the AFC is capable to excite the fundamental symmetric and antisymmetric Lamb wave mode. The antisymmetric mode is mainly radiated in the direction of the piezoelectric fibers, while the symmetric mode is spread over a larger angle. The amplitudes of the emitted waves depend on the frequency of the excitation as well as on the geometric dimensions of the transducer.
|
['Ceramics', 'Computer Simulation', 'Computer-Aided Design', 'Equipment Design', 'Equipment Failure Analysis', 'Manufactured Materials', 'Models, Chemical', 'Scattering, Radiation', 'Transducers', 'Ultrasonics']
| 18,621,408
|
[['J01.637.153'], ['L01.224.160'], ['L01.224.108.150', 'L01.296.110.150'], ['E05.320'], ['E05.325.192'], ['J01.637'], ['E05.599.495'], ['E05.196.822', 'G01.867'], ['E07.305.812'], ['H01.671.031.849']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The effect of skin fatty acids on Staphylococcus aureus.
|
Staphylococcus aureus is a commensal of the human nose and skin. Human skin fatty acids, in particular cis-6-hexadecenoic acid (C-6-H), have high antistaphylococcal activity and can inhibit virulence determinant production. Here, we show that sub-MIC levels of C-6-H result in induction of increased resistance. The mechanism(s) of C-6-H activity was investigated by combined transcriptome and proteome analyses. Proteome analysis demonstrated a pleiotropic effect of C-6-H on virulence determinant production. In response to C-6-H, transcriptomics revealed altered expression of over 500 genes, involved in many aspects of virulence and cellular physiology. The expression of toxins (hla, hlb, hlgBC) was reduced, whereas that of host defence evasion components (cap, sspAB, katA) was increased. In particular, members of the SaeRS regulon had highly reduced expression, and the use of specific mutants revealed that the effect on toxin production is likely mediated via SaeRS.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Cell Wall', 'Drug Resistance, Bacterial', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'Humans', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Palmitic Acids', 'Proteome', 'Skin', 'Staphylococcus aureus', 'Virulence Factors']
| 25,325,933
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['A11.284.183'], ['G06.099.225', 'G06.225.347', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347'], ['G05.308.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['D10.251.694'], ['D12.776.817'], ['A17.815'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100'], ['D23.946.896']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Orbital giant cell angiofibroma recurring as a solitary fibrous tumor.
|
Giant cell angiofibroma has recently been hypothesized to be a clinicopathologic variant of solitary fibrous tumor. The authors report a case of an orbital giant cell angiofibroma that recurred as a solitary fibrous tumor 4 years later. The report strongly supports the hypothesis that giant cell angiofibroma and solitary fibrous tumor are related.
|
['Adult', 'Angiofibroma', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Female', 'Giant Cells', 'Humans', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Orbital Neoplasms', 'Solitary Fibrous Tumors']
| 18,645,449
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C04.557.645.100'], ['D23.101.140'], ['A11.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.624'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['C04.588.149.721.656', 'C04.588.364.659', 'C05.116.231.754.659', 'C11.319.457', 'C11.675.659'], ['C04.557.450.565.590.797']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Relation of intramuscular pressure to the force output and myoelectric signal of skeletal muscle.
|
The force output of the biceps brachii muscle during static isometric contractions was studied in 26 arms of 23 subjects in relation to the simultaneously recorded level of the electromyogram (EMG) and the intra-muscular pressure (IMP). The EMG was picked up with wire electrodes and the IMP recorded through wick catheters or by infusion technique. The load at the wrist was monitored using a force transducer. A near linear relationship with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.96 was shown between the load on the wrist on the one hand and IMP and EMG on the other. The regression coefficients of the relation between the load and IMP or EMG varied considerably between individuals and between different measuring points in the same individual. In cases where the correlation between the wrist load on one hand and the IMP and EMG on the other was poor because of varying synergistic interaction between the flexor muscles, the EMG and IMP were always well correlated. This means that they change in the same way when the mechanical output of the muscle varies. This was also the case in three experiments where the IMP and EMG from all three elbow flexors were recorded while the subjects changed from a supinated to a pronated position supporting a constant load on the wrist. Considering these observations we present indirect evidence that IMP and the level of the EMG signal both are good estimators of isolated muscular force under isometric static conditions and over limited time.
|
['Adult', 'Arm', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Electromyography', 'Humans', 'Isometric Contraction', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Biological', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscles', 'Posture', 'Pressure']
| 6,491,819
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A01.378.800.075'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G11.427.494.472'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G11.427.494'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['G11.427.695'], ['G01.374.715']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Socioeconomic variation in admission for diseases of female genital system and breast in a national cohort aged 15-43.
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate socioeconomic variation among young women in the risk of hospital admission for diseases (including neoplasms) of the female genital system and breast and for the common surgical procedures of dilatation and curettage and hysterectomy.DESIGN: Large nationally representative cohort study with individual records of confirmed admissions to NHS and private hospitals since birth and data on occupational and educational experience.SETTING: England, Scotland, and Wales.PATIENTS: General population sample of 1628 women, 1549 of whom had a complete admissions record for the ages of 15-43 years.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The percentage of women admitted for neoplasms or other diseases of the female genital system and breast or who had dilatation and curettage or hysterectomy between the ages of 15 and 43 years.RESULTS: By the age of 43, 35% of women had been admitted, 17% had undergone dilatation and curettage at least once, and 10% had had a hysterectomy. There were significant inverse educational gradients, the risk of admission increasing more than twofold between the most and least educated women. The differential risk was most striking for disorders of menstruation, in which only 1% of those with the highest educational qualifications and 19% of those with minimal qualifications had been admitted to hospital. There was a significant educational gradient in the hysterectomy rate (from 1% to 15%) and a twofold difference in the risk of dilatation and curettage. There were also significant gradients in risk of admission and of hysterectomy according to partner's social class.CONCLUSIONS: Socioeconomic variations in the risk of dilatation and curettage and of hysterectomy were large. Lessening the socioeconomic gradient in risks of admissions and surgery for diseases of the female genital system and breast, particularly for menstrual disorders, could have important resource implications.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Breast Diseases', 'Cohort Studies', 'Dilatation and Curettage', 'Educational Status', 'Female', 'Genital Diseases, Female', 'Health Services Needs and Demand', 'Humans', 'Hysterectomy', 'Patient Admission', 'Risk', 'Social Class', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'United Kingdom']
| 7,580,490
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C17.800.090'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E04.157.310', 'E04.950.300.299'], ['N01.824.196'], ['C13.351.500'], ['N03.349.380.420', 'N05.300.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.950.300.399'], ['E02.760.400.600', 'N02.421.585.400.600'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['I01.880.853.996.755', 'N01.824.782'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['Z01.542.363']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Incorporating correlation for multivariate failure time data when cluster size is large.
|
We propose a new estimation method for multivariate failure time data using the quadratic inference function (QIF) approach. The proposed method efficiently incorporates within-cluster correlations. Therefore, it is more efficient than those that ignore within-cluster correlation. Furthermore, the proposed method is easy to implement. Unlike the weighted estimating equations in Cai and Prentice (1995, Biometrika 82, 151-164), it is not necessary to explicitly estimate the correlation parameters. This simplification is particularly useful in analyzing data with large cluster size where it is difficult to estimate intracluster correlation. Under certain regularity conditions, we show the consistency and asymptotic normality of the proposed QIF estimators. A chi-squared test is also developed for hypothesis testing. We conduct extensive Monte Carlo simulation studies to assess the finite sample performance of the proposed methods. We also illustrate the proposed methods by analyzing primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) data.
|
['Cluster Analysis', 'Computer Simulation', 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'Humans', 'Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary', 'Monte Carlo Method', 'Time Factors']
| 19,673,860
|
[['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['L01.224.160'], ['E05.245.380', 'E05.318.740.300', 'L01.313.500.750.190.380', 'N05.715.360.750.300', 'N06.850.520.830.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.130.120.135.250.250', 'C06.552.150.250', 'C06.552.630.400', 'C23.550.355.412.400'], ['E05.318.740.525', 'L01.906.394.422', 'N05.715.360.750.540', 'N06.850.520.830.525'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Rapid detection of mcr-1 by recombinase polymerase amplification.
|
PURPOSE: The plasmid-mediated mcr-1 gene conferring colistin resistance has a strong ability to spread. The objective of this study was to establish a rapid and sensitive recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) method for plasmid-mediated polymyxin-resistant gene mcr-1 detection.METHODS: Using the reported sequence of the mcr-1 gene, we designed specific primers and probes for RPA. Twenty mcr-1-positive strains carrying IncI2/IncHI2/IncX4/IncP plasmids were screened by RPA in this study. The performance of this new assay was compared to that of PCR, TaqMan probe real-time PCR and SYBR Green-based real-time PCR.RESULTS: Twenty mcr-1-positive samples and three negative samples were tested by RPA and the positive detection rate for the mcr-1-positive samples was 100 %. The detection limit of RPA was approximately 100 fg. Compared with real-time PCR, the RPA assay was more effective due to shorter reaction times, simpler instruments and higher sensitivity, while it had the same high specificity as real-time PCR.CONCLUSION: RPA detection based on the mcr-1 gene was successfully applied in our study. The plasmid-mediated mcr-1 gene conferring colistin drug resistance has a strong ability to spread, suggesting the need to further strengthen the detection of this resistance gene in surveillance. Therefore, we require more sensitive detection methods than have previously been available and the RPA assay established in this study meets these detection needs.
|
['Bacteria', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Drug Resistance, Bacterial', 'Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques', 'Polymyxins']
| 30,355,422
|
[['B03'], ['D12.776.097'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['G06.099.225', 'G06.225.347', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347'], ['E05.393.620'], ['D04.345.566.780', 'D10.477.750', 'D12.644.050.600', 'D12.644.641.780', 'D12.776.543.695.054.600']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Elderly patients with two episodes of fragility hip fractures form a special subgroup.
|
PURPOSE: To identify the demographic features of patients aged 65 years or older admitted with 2 episodes of fragility hip fractures.METHODS: From July 2003 to December 2004 inclusive, 50 consecutive elderly patients underwent surgery for a second episode of hip fracture. Patients in a very poor physical condition and therefore unfit for surgery were excluded. Risk factors of fractures in both episodes and whether risk factors were corrected after the first episode were analysed. Detailed radiological assessment and charting of elderly mobility scores and Barthel index were completed and the one-year mortality rate documented. The rehabilitation periods for the 2 episodes of hip fracture were compared.RESULTS: Most patients were female and had trochanteric fractures. In patients aged 65 to 75 years, the incidence of femoral neck fracture occurred as often as trochanteric fracture; while trochanteric fracture was predominant in older patients. Subclinical osteomalacia and undiagnosed hyperthyroidism was found in 3 of the 7 younger patients. Only 30% of them were on treatment for osteoporosis after the first fracture, which underlines the importance of osteoporosis treatment in these patients.CONCLUSION: Elderly patients with 2 episodes of fragility hip fractures form a special subgroup among geriatric hip fracture patients. Fall prevention programmes and treatment for osteoporosis are recommended.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Fractures, Spontaneous', 'Hip Fractures', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 17,200,523
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C26.404.374'], ['C26.404.061.425', 'C26.531.750', 'C26.558.276.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Multiple factors regulating the expression of human thromboxane synthase gene.
|
Characterization of the 5.5 kb promoter of human thromboxane synthase (TS) gene revealed a proximal positive regulatory sequence (PPRS, -90 to -25 bp) and several distal repressive elements. The maximal promoter activity was found to reside within the first 285 bp, approximately 75% of which was contributed by the PPRS. The sequence between -365 and -665 bp exerted a strong repressive effect (approximately 55%) on reporter gene expression independent of orientation and position, consistent with properties expected for a silencer. The sequence upstream of -665 bp to -5.5 kb contains mainly repressive elements which further reduce the promoter activity by 30%. The 65 bp PPRS worked in an orientation-independent, but position-dependent, manner and could be further divided into two independent elements, PPRS1 (-90 to -50 bp) and PPRS2 (-50 to -25 bp). While similar nuclear factor(s) from different cell types interact with PPRS2, those interacting with PPRS1 exhibit cell specificity. Internal sequence deletion and oligonucleotide competition established that a binding sequence for NF-E2 in PPRS1 (-60 tgctgattcat -50) was important for enhancing TS promoter activity in HL-60 cells. The presence of NF-E2 mRNA in HL-60 cells was demonstrated by reverse-transcription PCR amplification of the cDNA and Northern blot analysis. A 9-fold transactivation of luciferase (luc) reporter gene expression had been detected when NF-E2 cDNA was co-expressed with a TS promoter/luc construct. Despite the fact that NF-E2 and the cis-elements could alter the efficiency of TS transcription, they were not sufficient for restricting cell-specific TS expression. Analysis of the methylation status at the TS promoter in several human cell lines reveals cell-specific patterns of methylation that might correlate with TS expression. Taken together, these results suggest that the expression of human TS gene is modulated by multiple factors including cis-elements, trans-activator(s), and possibly genomic methylation.
|
['Animals', 'CHO Cells', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Cricetinae', 'DNA Methylation', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Genes, Reporter', 'HL-60 Cells', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Luciferases', 'Mice', 'Rats', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid', 'Restriction Mapping', 'Thromboxane-A Synthase', 'Transcriptional Activation', 'Transfection', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 8,920,981
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210.200', 'A11.436.155'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['G02.111.035.538.161', 'G02.111.218', 'G03.059.538.161', 'G05.206'], ['G05.308.320'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['A11.251.210.190.465', 'A11.251.860.180.465', 'A11.627.340.360.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['D08.811.682.517', 'D12.776.532.510'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.828'], ['G02.111.570.080.689', 'G05.360.080.689'], ['E05.393.183.620.650', 'E05.393.712'], ['D08.811.399.475.900'], ['G05.308.800'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Scorpio single radius total knee arthroplasty. A minimal five-year follow-up multicentric study.
|
PURPOSE: Our goal was to evaluate the five-year follow-up results of the Scorpio single radius total knee arthroplasty.METHOD: We performed a retrospective study based upon a multicentre database to evaluate the minimum five-year follow-up clinical and radiological results of 747 patients (831 knees) who underwent primary Scorpio single radius total knee arthroplasty.RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 71.9 years. At a minimal five-year follow-up, 141 patients were lost to follow-up, 83 patients had died, eight patients had undergone revision of a component, and the remaining 589 patients (602 knees) had a complete clinical and radiological evaluation after a median of six years (range, 5-8). The mean clinical component of the knee score was 92.2 points, and the mean functional component of the knee score was 76.9 points. At last follow-up, 530 of the 602 knees were rated as excellent or good. Only four knees developed patellar complications requiring revision. The survival rate at six years was 95.2% ± 1.9% and 98.3% ± 0.6 with revision for any reason and revision for mechanical failure as the end point, respectively.CONCLUSION: This medium-term study indicates favourable clinical and radiological results for this single flexion-extension radius design arthroplasty, with a low complication rate on the patellar side.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee', 'Databases, Factual', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Joint Diseases', 'Knee Joint', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'Reoperation', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 21,365,193
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E04.555.110.110.115', 'E04.650.110.115', 'E04.680.101.110.115'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.550'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E01.370.600.700', 'G11.427.760'], ['E04.690'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Controlled-release misoprostol vaginal insert in parous women for labor induction: a randomized controlled trial.
|
OBJECTIVE: To assess the ability of a controlled-release misoprostol vaginal insert to induce labor using dose reservoirs of 25, 50, 100, and 200 microg.METHODS: This double-blind, dose ranging, randomized study was carried out in parous women requiring induction of labor at term. Each woman was randomly assigned to receive a single misoprostol vaginal insert that could remain in place for up to 24 hours and was removed for onset of active labor, an adverse event, or having reached 24 hours in situ. The primary outcome measure was time from insertion of the misoprostol vaginal insert to vaginal delivery of the neonate.RESULTS: A total of 124 women participated in the study. The median time to vaginal delivery was 27.5, 19.1, 13.1, and 10.6 hours for the 25-, 50-, 100-, and 200-microg doses, respectively. The percentage of women who delivered vaginally within 12 hours was 9%, 14%, 47%, and 53% (P<.001 using the 25-microg group as the comparator) and within 24 hours was 42%, 79%, 81%, and 70% (P=.003). Uterine hyperstimulation syndrome occurred in one woman who received the 25-mug, two women who received the 100-microg, and three women who received the 200-microg dose reservoirs.CONCLUSION: Misoprostol vaginal inserts effectively induced labor in pregnant parous women at term.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: I.
|
['Administration, Intravaginal', 'Cesarean Section', 'Delayed-Action Preparations', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Labor, Induced', 'Labor, Obstetric', 'Misoprostol', 'Oxytocics', 'Oxytocin', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Outcome', 'Time Factors']
| 17,077,234
|
[['E02.319.267.120.500'], ['E04.520.252.500'], ['D26.255.210', 'E02.319.300.253'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['E04.520.252.968'], ['G08.686.784.769.326'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.775.450.500', 'D23.469.050.175.725.775.450.500', 'D23.469.700.660.500'], ['D27.505.696.875.737', 'D27.505.954.705.737'], ['D06.472.699.631.692.433', 'D12.644.548.691.692.433'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.789.700', 'G08.686.784.769.496'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Construction of a vector for the study of regulatory mechanism of gene expression and its utilization in the melibiose operon of Escherichia coli.
|
We constructed a vector to evaluate terminator or attenuator of transcription quantitatively. This vector is a plasmid possessing lac promoter-polylinker-CAT(chloramphenicol acetyltransferase) gene. DNA fragment of interest can be inserted into the polylinker site, and the effect of the DNA fragment on the expression of the downstream gene is evaluated from the CAT activity. We analyzed gene expression of the melibiose operon of Escherichia coli using this plasmid, and found that a DNA fragment containing a large stem-loop structure with boxA sequence in it, which was present between melA and melB, caused strong reduction of gene expression. This DNA portion seems to be responsible for reduced expression of melB, the second gene of the melibiose operon.
|
['Cloning, Molecular', 'Disaccharides', 'Escherichia coli', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Genes', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Genes, Regulator', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Melibiose', 'Membrane Transport Proteins', 'Operon', 'Symporters', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'alpha-Galactosidase']
| 2,852,352
|
[['E05.393.220'], ['D09.698.629.305', 'D09.947.750'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.360.340.024.340'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.425'], ['G05.360.337'], ['D09.698.629.305.540', 'D09.947.750.540'], ['D12.776.157.530', 'D12.776.543.585'], ['G05.360.340.024.686', 'G05.360.340.358.207.500'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.625', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['D08.811.277.450.410.050']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A thymidine to cytosine substitution for codon 26 of exon 3 of apolipoprotein C-II gene in a patient with apolipoprotein C-II deficiency.
|
A 52-year-old Japanese woman was evaluated for severe hypertriglyceridemia and recurrent acute pancreatitis. This hypertriglyceridemia was found to be due to the absence of serum apolipoprotein C-II (apo C-II) which was identified by Western blotting using polyclonal anti-apo C-II antiserum. DNA sequence analysis of the apo C-II gene from the patient revealed a homozygous nucleotide change: a thymidine (T) to cytosine (C) substitution in codon 26 (TGG->CGG) at the third exon of the apo C-II gene, that resulted in a Trp26 to Arg substitution. The mutation was also confirmed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis with the restriction enzyme Hpa II. The same mutation has been found in a case previously reported in Japan, and was named apo C-II Wakayama. However, the case in Wakayama prefecture showed two concomitant point mutations at the 5'-flanking region upstream from the first exon, which were not identified in our case by RFLP analysis with the restriction enzyme BstXI. Considering that the prefectures of these two cases, Nara and Wakayama, are next to each other, the mutation in our case may be a genetic forebear of apo C-II Wakayama. However, no familial relationship between the two cases has been documented.
|
['Apolipoprotein C-II', 'Apolipoproteins C', 'Blotting, Western', 'Codon', 'Cytosine', 'DNA', 'DNA Primers', 'Exons', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertriglyceridemia', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreatitis', 'Point Mutation', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length', 'Recurrence', 'Thymidine']
| 10,225,669
|
[['D10.532.091.400.750', 'D12.776.070.400.400.750', 'D12.776.521.120.400.750'], ['D10.532.091.400', 'D12.776.070.400.400', 'D12.776.521.120.400'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['D13.444.735.544.355', 'G05.360.335.355', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.190'], ['D03.383.742.698.421'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.584.500.500.851'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C06.689.750'], ['G05.365.590.675'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G05.365.795.595'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['D03.383.742.680.705', 'D13.570.230.855', 'D13.570.685.705']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Does and should breast cancer genetic counselling include lifestyle advice?
|
To optimally inform counselees about their and their relatives' risks, information about lifestyle risk factors, e.g. physical activity and alcohol consumption, might be discussed in breast cancer genetic counselling. This study explored whether lifestyle was discussed, on whose initiative, whether information and/or advice was given, and whether discussion of lifestyle was related to counselees' characteristics and their causal attributions. First and follow-up consultations with 192 consecutive counselees for breast cancer genetic counselling were videotaped and coded for discussion of lifestyle topics. Counselees completed web-based questionnaires before the initial and after the final consultation. With 52 (27%) counselees lifestyle was discussed, either in the first, or the final consultation, or both. Counselees mostly raised the topic (60%). Counsellors provided information about lifestyle risk factors to 19% and lifestyle advice to 6% of the counselees. Discussion of lifestyle was not associated with counselees' characteristics or causal attributions. Post-counselling, more affected counselees considered lifestyle as a cause of their breast cancer (29%) compared to pre-counselling (15%; p = 0.003). Information and advice about lifestyle risk factors was infrequently provided, both with breast cancer unaffected and affected counselees and with those who did and did not consider their lifestyle as a cause of their breast cancer. Modifiable lifestyle factors could be discussed more frequently to optimally inform counselees about possible ways to reduce their risk. Counsellors should be educated about effects of lifestyle and research should be conducted on how to best integrate lifestyle information in breast cancer genetic counselling.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'BRCA1 Protein', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Genetic Counseling', 'Humans', 'Life Style', 'Middle Aged', 'Mutation', 'Risk Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Young Adult']
| 23,934,600
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.313.125', 'D12.776.624.776.100', 'D12.776.660.100', 'D12.776.744.100', 'D12.776.930.137'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['H01.158.273.343.385.500.384', 'N02.421.308.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.458'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.590'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The coexistence of psoriasis and lupus erythematosus. An analysis of 27 cases.
|
From 1950 through 1975, 27 patients at the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn, had coexistent psoriasis and lupus erythematosus (LE). Of the 27 patients, ten had systemic LE (SLE), 13 had discoid LE, and four had drug-induced LE or an SLE-like syndrome. The onset of psoriasis preceded LE in ten patients and was concomitant with it in six. Photosensitivity was noted in 23 patients. In 20 patients, the lesions of psoriasis and LE remained clinically distinct. Morphologic overlap and clinical interaction occurred in seven patients in whom the disorders were severe and complicated by a third disease. Generally, this latter group had extensive psoriasis, prominent photosensitivity, and a poor response to therapy.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid', 'Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Photosensitivity Disorders', 'Psoriasis', 'Skin']
| 7,377,802
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C17.300.475.479', 'C17.800.480.479'], ['C17.300.480', 'C20.111.590'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C17.800.600'], ['C17.800.859.675'], ['A17.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Antihypertensive treatment with eprosartan mesilate of patients in acute and late periods of ischemic stroke].
|
Twenty patients with stroke of hemisphere localization developed as a result of arterial hypertension were treated with eprosartan mesilat. An estimation of the drug efficacy was conducted in comparison with other hypotensive medicines (control group). Eprosartan was used in dosage 600 mg daily. The study was carried out during 12 months, along with a monitoring of the most relevant hemodynamic indices, evaluation of somatic and neurological state of the patients as well as of some neuropsychological functions and quality of life, statistical significance of the results being determined. Pronounced hypotensive effect of the drug was found both in acute and late periods of stroke. Eprosartan mesilat monotherapy was effective in 75% of the patients. The most important feature proved to be a decrease of arterial pressure variability from the first days of the treatment, less frequency of secondary strokes being detected as well.
|
['Acrylates', 'Acute Disease', 'Aged', 'Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers', 'Antihypertensive Agents', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'Diastole', 'Female', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Imidazoles', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Quality of Life', 'Recurrence', 'Stroke', 'Systole', 'Thiophenes', 'Time Factors']
| 14,681,960
|
[['D02.241.081.069'], ['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.519.162.500'], ['D27.505.954.411.162'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['E05.245.380', 'E05.318.740.300', 'L01.313.500.750.190.380', 'N05.715.360.750.300', 'N06.850.520.830.300'], ['G09.330.580.295', 'G11.427.494.554.250', 'G11.427.494.570.295'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['D03.383.129.308'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['G09.330.580.880', 'G11.427.494.570.880'], ['D02.886.778', 'D03.383.903'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[New professional field in France: Analysis of the training needs of case managers].
|
Case management is a relatively new career field in France. It was first introduced on an experimental basis in 2007-2008, and was then developedfollowing the National Alzheimer Plan and finally enshrined in legislation in 2012. This careerfield is based on a set of tasks widely described internationally: identifying the right level of intervention, standardized multidimensional assessment, planning all aid (care and social services), implementation of the plan, monitoring and reassessment and periodic reassessment of all needs in a continuous and long-term process. The specific, systematic and dedicated nature of these tasks to these tasks makes training essential. Regulations also stipulate that the professional must acquire additional training by a dedicated inter-university degree. This requirement is a French specificity The authors present the history of case management and training in France and analyze the various international training frameworks identified by an Internet search. Moreover, based on the opinions expressed by case managers at different times of the scientific assessment and a review ofseveral studies conducted by inter-university case management program students, this article highlights the specific training needs of case managers and how the proposed training can meet these needs.
|
['Aged, 80 and over', 'Case Management', 'Chronic Disease', 'Comorbidity', 'Delivery of Health Care', 'Education, Nursing, Continuing', 'Female', 'France', 'Health Personnel', 'Health Planning Support', 'Health Services Needs and Demand', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Universities', 'Workforce']
| 26,168,618
|
[['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['N04.590.233.624.250'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['N04.590.374', 'N05.300'], ['I02.358.212.450', 'I02.358.462.399'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['M01.526.485', 'N02.360'], ['N03.219.483.408'], ['N03.349.380.420', 'N05.300.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I02.783.830', 'J03.832.830'], ['N04.452.525']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Synergistic induction of apoptosis in human leukemia cells (U937) exposed to bryostatin 1 and the proteasome inhibitor lactacystin involves dysregulation of the PKC/MAPK cascade.
|
Cotreatment with a minimally toxic concentration of the protein kinase C (PKC) activator (and down-regulator) bryostatin 1 (BRY) induced a marked increase in mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in U937 monocytic leukemia cells exposed to the proteasome inhibitor lactacystin (LC). This effect was blocked by cycloheximide, but not by alpha-amanitin or actinomycin D. Qualitatively similar interactions were observed with other PKC activators (eg, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and mezerein), but not phospholipase C, which does not down-regulate the enzyme. These events were examined in relationship to functional alterations in stress (eg, SAPK, JNK) and survival (eg, MAPK, ERK) signaling pathways. The observations that LC/BRY treatment failed to trigger JNK activation and that cell death was unaffected by a dominant-interfering form of c-JUN (TAM67) or by pretreatment with either curcumin or the p38/RK inhibitor, SB203580, suggested that the SAPK pathway was not involved in potentiation of apoptosis. In marked contrast, perturbations in the PKC/Raf/MAPK pathway played an integral role in LC/BRY-mediated cell death based on evidence that pretreatment of cells with bisindolylmaleimide I, a selective PKC inhibitor, or geldanamycin, a benzoquinone ansamycin, which destabilizes and depletes Raf-1, markedly suppressed apoptosis. Furthermore, ERK phosphorylation was substantially prolonged in LC/BRY-treated cells compared to those exposed to BRY alone, and pretreatment with the highly specific MEK inhibitors, PD98059, U0126, and SL327, opposed ERK activation while protecting cells from LC/BRY-induced lethality. Together, these findings suggest a role for activation and/or dysregulation of the PKC/MAPK cascade in modulation of leukemic cell apoptosis following exposure to the proteasome inhibitor LC. (Blood. 2001;97:2105-2114)
|
['Acetylcysteine', 'Amanitins', 'Aminoacetonitrile', 'Apoptosis', 'Benzoquinones', 'Bryostatins', 'Butadienes', 'Curcumin', 'Cysteine Endopeptidases', 'Dactinomycin', 'Diterpenes', 'Drug Synergism', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Flavonoids', 'Humans', 'Imidazoles', 'Indoles', 'JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Lactams, Macrocyclic', 'Lactones', 'MAP Kinase Kinase 4', 'MAP Kinase Signaling System', 'Macrolides', 'Maleimides', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Multienzyme Complexes', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Nitriles', 'Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors', 'Protease Inhibitors', 'Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex', 'Protein Kinase C', 'Protein Synthesis Inhibitors', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf', 'Pyridines', 'Quinones', 'Terpenes', 'Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate', 'Transcription Factor AP-1', 'Type C Phospholipases', 'U937 Cells', 'Ubiquitins', 'p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases']
| 11,264,178
|
[['D02.886.030.230.259', 'D12.125.166.230.259'], ['D04.345.566.050', 'D12.644.456.050', 'D12.644.641.050', 'D23.946.587.175'], ['D02.626.080.085'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D02.806.250'], ['D02.540.576.500.937'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.146.240'], ['D02.455.326.146.485.222.222', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.200', 'D02.455.426.559.694.222'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200'], ['D03.633.300.200', 'D04.345.566.252', 'D12.644.641.252'], ['D02.455.849.291'], ['G07.690.773.968.477'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.383.129.308'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.374', 'D12.644.360.450.340', 'D12.776.476.450.340'], ['D02.065.589.327', 'D04.345.295'], ['D02.540'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.565.400', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.200.400', 'D12.644.360.440.400', 'D12.776.476.440.400'], ['G02.111.820.560', 'G03.493.560', 'G04.835.560'], ['D02.540.505', 'D02.540.576.500', 'D04.345.674.500'], ['D02.241.081.337.502.524', 'D02.478.440', 'D03.383.129.578.399'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.249.500', 'D12.644.360.450.169.500', 'D12.776.476.450.169.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.249.750', 'D12.644.360.450.169.750', 'D12.776.476.450.169.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.565', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.200', 'D12.644.360.440', 'D12.776.476.440'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567', 'D12.644.360.450', 'D12.776.476.450'], ['D05.500.562', 'D08.811.600'], ['D12.776.624'], ['D02.626'], ['D27.505.519.389.675'], ['D27.505.519.389.745'], ['D05.500.562.500', 'D08.811.277.656.918', 'D08.811.600.730'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.725'], ['D27.505.519.389.760'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.559.842.500', 'D12.644.360.400.842.500', 'D12.776.476.400.842.500', 'D12.776.624.664.700.204.500'], ['D03.383.725'], ['D02.806'], ['D02.455.849'], ['D02.455.849.291.500.510.850'], ['D12.776.260.108.875', 'D12.776.930.127.875'], ['D08.811.277.352.640.700.700'], ['A11.251.210.190.880', 'A11.251.860.180.880', 'A11.627.482.665.500', 'A11.627.624.249.500', 'A11.627.635.675.750.500'], ['D12.776.947'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.843', 'D12.644.360.450.835', 'D12.776.476.450.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Marijuana use among adults. A longitudinal study of current and former users.
|
This study examines the pattern of marijuana use among respondents who have passed the age of risk of onset, as well as some of the correlates related to the initiation and current use of marijuana. The data for this study included 8885 respondents drawn from the National Longitudinal Survey of Labor Market Experience of Youth (NLSY). Based on cross-tabulations of lifetime marijuana use in 1984 and 1994, the following outcomes were examined: incidence of lifetime marijuana use, inconsistent reports of lifetime marijuana use, and current compared with former use. Controlling for the effects of all variables studied, significant and independent effects were noted for sociodemographic factors, former patterns of use, and the use of other substances.
|
['Adult', 'Age of Onset', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Marijuana Smoking', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Prevalence', 'Time Factors']
| 11,367,600
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075.100', 'N06.850.490.250.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['F01.145.610.875', 'F01.145.805.250.500'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Early initiation of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) may increase the risk of long-term toxicity in patients undergoing intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) as a boost for breast cancer.
|
BACKGROUND: Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) during breast-conserving surgery is increasingly used. We analyzed the influence of the interval between an IORT boost and external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) on late toxicity.METHODS: Forty-eight patients received 20 Gy IORT (50 kV X-rays (Intrabeam, Carl Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany) followed by 46-50 Gy EBRT with a median interval of 36 days (14-197). Late toxicity was assessed with the modified LENT SOMA score after a median of 36 months.RESULTS: Twelve patients developed a higher grade fibrosis ( degrees II-III), three teleangiectases, one a breast edema grade degrees II, six retractions, four hyperpigmentations and five pain ( degrees II-III). The median interval between IORT and EBRT was significantly shorter in these patients (n=18) compared to the 30 patients without higher grade toxicity (29.5 days vs. 39.5 days, p=0.023, Mann-Whitney U-test).CONCLUSION: Starting EBRT about 5-6 weeks after IORT appears to be associated with a decreased risk of chronic late toxicity compared with a shorter interval. The impact on local recurrence of prolonged gaps between IORT and EBRT is not known.
|
['Breast Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Mastectomy, Segmental', 'Middle Aged', 'Radiation Injuries', 'Radiotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Risk Factors', 'Time Factors']
| 18,650,091
|
[['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.466.701'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C26.733', 'G01.750.748.500', 'N06.850.460.350.850.500', 'N06.850.810.300.360'], ['E02.186.775', 'E02.815.600'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Timing of surgical intervention does not influence return of esophageal peristalsis or outcome for patients with achalasia.
|
BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that abnormal function of the lower esophageal sphincter is the primary abnormality in esophageal achalasia, and that the absence of esophageal peristalsis is secondary to the outflow obstruction caused by the lower esophageal sphincter. Furthermore, it has been proposed that early elimination of the resistance at the level of the gastroesophageal junction by surgical intervention could result in return of esophageal peristalsis. This study aimed to assess whether the timing of surgical intervention affects the return of esophageal peristalsis and the clinical outcome for patients with achalasia.METHODS: Between January 1991 and May 2003, 173 patients underwent a Heller myotomy by minimally invasive surgery for treatment of esophageal achalasia. Of these patients, 41 (24%) had pre- and postoperative esophageal manometry. These patients were divided into three groups based on the duration of symptoms: group A (10 patients; duration of symptoms 12 months group B (19 patients, duration of symptoms 12 to 60 months), and group C (12 patients; duration of symptoms longer than 60 months).RESULTS: The average duration of symptoms (dysphagia was present in all patients) was as follows: group A (8 +/- 4 months), group B, (35 +/- 16 months), and group C, (157 +/- 94 months). Vigorous achalasia was present in 40%, 21%, and 17% of the groups respectively. The differences between the groups were not significant. Postoperatively, improvement in esophageal motility was seen in no patient in group A, 1 patient (5%) in group B, and 1 patient (8%) in group C. Excellent or good results were obtained for 90% of the group A patients, 95% of group B patients, and 92% of the group C patients. Again, the differences were not significant.CONCLUSIONS: The results show that: a) the presence of vigorous achalasia is independent of symptoms duration; b) the timing of surgical intervention does not influence the return of peristalsis; and c) the results of a Heller myotomy are independent of symptoms duration.
|
['Esophageal Achalasia', 'Esophagus', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Peristalsis', 'Recovery of Function', 'Time Factors']
| 16,132,324
|
[['C06.405.117.119.500.432'], ['A03.556.875.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G10.261.360.596'], ['G16.757'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Metallo-beta-lactamase-producing gram-negative rods isolated from inpatients and outpatients, detected using Etest MBL].
|
The aim of presented study was to detect MBL-positive strains in a group of clinical carbapenem-resistant strains isolated from inpatients and outpatients during last four years. From the beginning of November 2001 to the end of October 2005, one hundred and four strains resistant to carbapenem antibiotics--imipenem and meropenem were cultured from clinical samples obtained from patients of the Infant Jesus Clinical Hospital Centre for Trauma Treatment in Warsaw and from patients of outpatient clinics. Strains were identified and their susceptibility to antibacterial agents was determined in the automatic ATB Expression system (bioM?rieux). Resistance to imipenem and meropenem was confirmed with a disc diffusion method. Production of metallo-beta-lactamases (MBL) was examined with the use of Etest MBL (AB Biodisk, Sweden), and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) by means of following procedures: DDST and / or DD (four variants) (Oxoid Ltd., England). MBL-positive strains (36) were cultured in cases of infections in adult patients (35 strains) and in a child (1 strain). Majority of strains belonged to the species P. aeruginosa (27), several strains - to the species P. putida (6) and remaining strains--to P. stutzeri, A. xylosoxidans, and E. cloacae (1 strain of each species). Four strains were producers of MBL-type and ESBL-type beta-lactamases. According to our knowledge and accessible literature described strains (except one paediatric strain) are the first MBL-positive strains isolated from adult hospitalized patients and adult ambulatory patients in Poland. Additionally, MBL-positive E. cloacae strain is probably the first MBL producer isolated in Poland, which belongs to the group of enteric rods. MBL-producing strains of Gram-negative rods, detected by phenotypic Etest MBL method, will be verified with genetic procedures.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial', 'Gram-Negative Bacteria', 'Humans', 'Imipenem', 'Inpatients', 'Meropenem', 'Metals', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Outpatients', 'Poland', 'Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'Thienamycins', 'beta-Lactam Resistance', 'beta-Lactamases']
| 16,871,976
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['G06.099.225.812', 'G06.225.347.812', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.812', 'G07.690.773.984.300.500'], ['B03.440'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.065.589.099.124.300.500', 'D03.633.100.300.124.300.500'], ['M01.643.470'], ['D02.065.589.099.124.300.750', 'D03.633.100.300.124.300.750'], ['D01.552'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['M01.643.630'], ['Z01.542.248.679'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.100', 'B03.660.250.580.590.050'], ['D02.065.589.099.124.300', 'D03.633.100.300.124.300'], ['G06.099.225.500', 'G06.225.347.500', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.500'], ['D08.811.277.087.180']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Toxicity interaction between chlorpyrifos, mancozeb and soil moisture to the terrestrial isopod Porcellionides pruinosus.
|
A main source of uncertainty currently associated with environmental risk assessment of chemicals is the poor understanding of the influence of environmental factors on the toxicity of xenobiotics. Aiming to reduce this uncertainty, here we evaluate the joint-effects of two pesticides (chlorpyrifos and mancozeb) on the terrestrial isopod Porcellionides pruinosus under different soil moisture regimes. A full factorial design, including three treatments of each pesticide and an untreated control, were performed under different soil moisture regimes: 25%, 50%, and 75% WHC. Our results showed that soil moisture had no effects on isopods survival, at the levels assessed in this experiment, neither regarding single pesticides nor mixture treatments. Additivity was always the most parsimonious result when both pesticides were present. Oppositely, both feeding activity and biomass change showed a higher sensitivity to soil moisture, with isopods generally showing worse performance when exposed to pesticides and dry or moist conditions. Most of the significant differences between soil moisture regimes were found in single pesticide treatments, yet different responses to mixtures could still be distinguished depending on the soil moisture assessed. This study shows that while soil moisture has the potential to influence the effects of the pesticide mixture itself, such effects might become less important in a context of complex combinations of stressors, as the major contribution comes from its individual interaction with each pesticide. Finally, the implications of our results are discussed in light of the current state of environmental risk assessment procedures and some future perspectives are advanced.
|
['Animals', 'Chlorpyrifos', 'Drug Interactions', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Isopoda', 'Maneb', 'Pesticides', 'Soil', 'Soil Pollutants', 'Water', 'Zineb']
| 26,539,709
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.705.400.625.100', 'D02.705.539.345.100', 'D02.886.300.692.100'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['B01.050.500.131.365.400'], ['D02.241.081.251.869.265.441', 'D02.257.188', 'D02.886.706.250.500'], ['D27.720.031.700', 'D27.888.723'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['D27.888.284.756'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925'], ['D02.241.081.251.869.265.908', 'D02.691.975', 'D02.886.706.250.950']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome caused by a germline mutation in the TEL patch of the telomere protein TPP1.
|
Germline mutations in telomere biology genes cause dyskeratosis congenita (DC), an inherited bone marrow failure and cancer predisposition syndrome. DC is a clinically heterogeneous disorder diagnosed by the triad of dysplastic nails, abnormal skin pigmentation, and oral leukoplakia; Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome (HH), a clinically severe variant of DC, also includes cerebellar hypoplasia, immunodeficiency, and intrauterine growth retardation. Approximately 70% of DC cases are associated with a germline mutation in one of nine genes, the products of which are all involved in telomere biology. Using exome sequencing, we identified mutations in Adrenocortical Dysplasia Homolog (ACD) (encoding TPP1), a component of the telomeric shelterin complex, in one family affected by HH. The proband inherited a deletion from his father and a missense mutation from his mother, resulting in extremely short telomeres and a severe clinical phenotype. Characterization of the mutations revealed that the single-amino-acid deletion affecting the TEL patch surface of the TPP1 protein significantly compromises both telomerase recruitment and processivity, while the missense mutation in the TIN2-binding region of TPP1 is not as clearly deleterious to TPP1 function. Our results emphasize the critical roles of the TEL patch in proper stem cell function and demonstrate that TPP1 is the second shelterin component (in addition to TIN2) to be implicated in DC.
|
['Adult', 'Aminopeptidases', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Dipeptidyl-Peptidases and Tripeptidyl-Peptidases', 'Dyskeratosis Congenita', 'Female', 'Fetal Growth Retardation', 'Germ-Line Mutation', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Intellectual Disability', 'Male', 'Microcephaly', 'Models, Molecular', 'Mutation, Missense', 'Pedigree', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Sequence Deletion', 'Serine Proteases', 'Telomerase', 'Telomere-Binding Proteins']
| 25,233,904
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D08.811.277.656.350.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D08.811.277.656.350.350'], ['C15.378.190.223.500.750', 'C16.131.831.150', 'C16.320.322.108', 'C16.320.850.235', 'C17.800.804.150', 'C17.800.827.235'], ['C13.703.277.370', 'C16.300.390', 'C23.550.393.450'], ['G05.365.590.350'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C10.597.606.360', 'C23.888.592.604.646', 'F01.700.687', 'F03.625.539'], ['C05.660.207.620', 'C10.500.507.400.500', 'C16.131.621.207.620', 'C16.131.666.507.400.500'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G05.365.590.650'], ['E05.393.673'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['G05.365.590.762', 'G05.558.800'], ['D08.811.277.656.959'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300.750.750', 'D12.776.157.687.613', 'D12.776.157.725.500.921', 'D12.776.660.720.613', 'D12.776.664.962.500.921'], ['D12.776.260.735', 'D12.776.660.235.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Fetal growth: boys before girls.
|
At term birth, boys are heavier than girls. This difference is thought to be generated in part by androgen action; its time course has not been deciphered. Androgen action may not only increase weight gain, but may also alter its time course. We have tested this hypothesis by examining the difference in gestational age of 281,894 boys and girls with weights between 500-4,749 g. The age at which children are born with a given weight was found to depend on gender: boys were consistently younger than girls (p < 0.001), the age difference being most pronounced in the lower birth weight classes. Thus, the gender difference in fetal growth appears to be rather pronounced before the third trimester and relatively less marked towards term. In conclusion, the male conceptus seems to grow not only more, but also earlier than the female. Hence, some critical time windows of development may be slightly different in boys and girls, and this phenomenon may be one of the bases for gender differences in the sensitivity to fetal programming. Copyrightz1999S. KargerAG,Basel
|
['Birth Weight', 'Embryonic and Fetal Development', 'Female', 'Fetal Weight', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Sex Characteristics']
| 10,559,673
|
[['C23.888.144.186', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.186', 'E05.041.124.160.750.149', 'G07.100.100.160.120.186', 'G07.345.249.314.120.186'], ['G07.345.500.325', 'G08.686.784.170'], ['C23.888.144.300', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.300', 'E05.041.124.160.750.300', 'G07.100.100.160.120.300', 'G07.345.249.314.120.300', 'G07.345.500.325.235.937', 'G08.686.280'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.815']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Measuring activity levels at an acute stroke ward: comparing observations to a device.
|
BACKGROUND: If a simple system of instrumented monitoring was possible early after stroke, therapists may be able to more readily gather information about activity and monitor progress over time. Our aim was to establish whether a device containing a dual-axis accelerometer provides similar information to behavioural mapping on physical activity patterns early after stroke.METHODS: Twenty participants with recent stroke ? 2 weeks and aged >18 were recruited and monitored at an acute stroke ward. The monitoring device (attached to the unaffected leg) and behavioural mapping (observation) were simultaneously applied from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Both methods recorded the time participants spent lying, sitting, and upright.RESULTS: The median percentage and interquartile range (IQR) of time spent lying, sitting, and upright recorded by the device were 36% (15-68), 51% (28-72), and 2% (1-5), respectively. Agreement between the methods was substantial: Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (95% CI): lying 0.74 (0.46-0.89), sitting 0.68 (0.36-0.86), and upright 0.72 (0.43-0.88).CONCLUSION: Patients are inactive in an acute stroke setting. In acute stroke, estimates of time spent lying, sitting, and upright measured by a device are valid.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Equipment and Supplies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Motor Activity', 'Stroke', 'Stroke Rehabilitation']
| 24,282,815
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E07'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.477.500', 'E02.831.477.500', 'H02.403.680.600.750.500', 'N02.421.784.511.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
RNA-seq analysis identifies new genes regulated by the histone-like nucleoid structuring protein (H-NS) affecting Vibrio cholerae virulence, stress response and chemotaxis.
|
The histone-like nucleoid structuring protein (H-NS) functions as a transcriptional silencer by binding to AT-rich sequences at bacterial promoters. However, H-NS repression can be counteracted by other transcription factors in response to environmental changes. The identification of potential toxic factors, the expression of which is prevented by H-NS could facilitate the discovery of new regulatory proteins that may contribute to the emergence of new pathogenic variants by anti-silencing. Vibrio cholerae hns mutants of the El Tor biotype exhibit altered virulence, motility and environmental stress response phenotypes compared to wild type. We used an RNA-seq analysis approach to determine the basis of the above hns phenotypes and identify new targets of H-NS transcriptional silencing. H-NS affected the expression of 18% of all predicted genes in a growth phase-dependent manner. Loss of H-NS resulted in diminished expression of numerous genes encoding methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins as well as chemotaxis toward the attractants glycine and serine. Deletion of hns also induced an endogenous envelope stress response resulting in elevated expression of rpoE encoding the extracytoplamic sigma factor E (óE). The RNA-seq analysis identified new genes directly repressed by H-NS that can affect virulence and biofilm development in the El Tor biotype cholera bacterium. We show that H-NS and the quorum sensing regulator HapR silence the transcription of the vieSAB three-component regulatory system in El Tor biotype V. cholerae. We also demonstrate that H-NS directly represses the transcription of hlyA (hemolysin), rtxCA (the repeat in toxin or RTX), rtxBDE (RTX transport) and the biosynthesis of indole. Of these genes, H-NS occupancy at the hlyA promoter was diminished by overexpression of the transcription activator HlyU. We discuss the role of H-NS transcriptional silencing in phenotypic differences exhibited by V. cholerae biotypes.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Chemotaxis', 'Cholera', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Gene Deletion', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing', 'Indoles', 'Mutation', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Protein Binding', 'Quorum Sensing', 'Stress, Physiological', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Vibrio cholerae', 'Virulence']
| 25,679,988
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['F01.145.113.780.500', 'F01.145.875.439.500.500', 'G04.198.424', 'G07.568.500.590.500', 'G11.427.410.568.850.500'], ['C01.150.252.400.959.347'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308.300'], ['E05.393.760.319'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G04.085.700', 'G06.550.700'], ['G07.775'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['B03.440.450.900.859.225', 'B03.660.250.830.830.100'], ['G06.930']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Neonates' vitamin A status in relation to birth weight, gestational age, and sex.
|
Vitamin A status was assessed in a randomly selected group of neonates at delivery. A total of 105 neonates were included in the study. Cord vitamin A concentration was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Of 105 neonates, 53 (50.5 per cent) were males and 49 49.5 per cent) were females. The mean body weight of male neonates was slightly greater that that of female neonates (3271 +/- 575 vs. 3139 +/- 552 g). Mean cord plasma vitamin A level of the males was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than that of the female neonates (12.2 +/- 4.6 and 14.7 +/- 5.2 micrograms/100 ml respectively). The mean body weight of premature neonates (2186 +/- 530 g) was significantly lower (p < 0.05) compared with the mean body weight of full term neonates (3279 +/- 495 g). Cord plasma of preterm neonates had mean value of vitamin A significantly lower (p < 0.05) than full term neonates (8.3 +/- 3.2 vs 13.8 +/- 4.5 micrograms/100 ml). A trend of increasing birth weight with increasing cord plasma vitamin A level was evident.
|
['Birth Weight', 'Female', 'Fetal Blood', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Nutritional Status', 'Saudi Arabia', 'Sex Distribution', 'Vitamin A Deficiency']
| 9,680,787
|
[['C23.888.144.186', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.186', 'E05.041.124.160.750.149', 'G07.100.100.160.120.186', 'G07.345.249.314.120.186'], ['A12.207.152.200', 'A15.145.300', 'A16.378.200'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['G07.203.650.650', 'N01.224.425.525'], ['Z01.252.245.500.750'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.628']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Pattern generation in molecular evolution: exploitation of the variation in RNA landscapes.
|
Evolution of RNA secondary structure is studied using simulation techniques and statistical analysis of fitness landscapes. The transition from RNA sequence to RNA secondary structure leads to fitness landscapes that have local variations in their "ruggedness." Evolution exploits these variations. In stable environments it moves the quasispecies toward relatively "flat" peaks, where not only the master sequence but also its mutants have a high fitness. In a rapidly changing environment, the situation is reversed; evolution moves the quasispecies to a region where the correlation between secondary structures of "neighboring" RNA sequences is relatively low. In selection for simple secondary structures the movement toward flat peaks leads to pattern generation in the RNA sequences. Patterns are generated at the level of polynucleotide frequencies and the distribution of purines and pyrimidines. The patterns increase the modularity of the sequence. They thereby prevent the formation of alternative secondary structures after mutations. The movement of the quasispecies toward relatively rugged parts of the landscape results in pattern generation at the level of the RNA secondary structure. The base-pairing frequency of the sequences increases. The patterns that are generated in the RNA sequences and the RNA secondary structures are not directly selected for and can be regarded as a side effect of the evolutionary dynamics of the system.
|
['Animals', 'Base Composition', 'Biological Evolution', 'Genetic Variation', 'Models, Genetic', 'Mutation', 'Nucleic Acid Conformation', 'RNA']
| 7,520,506
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.080'], ['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['G05.365'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G02.111.570.820.486', 'G05.360.580'], ['D13.444.735']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Perceived outcomes of psychedelic microdosing as self-managed therapies for mental and substance use disorders.
|
RATIONALE: The regular consumption of very small doses of psychedelic drugs (known as microdosing) has been a source of growing media and community attention in recent years. However, there is currently limited clinical and social research evidence on the potential role of microdosing as therapies for mental and substance use disorders.OBJECTIVES: This paper examined subjective experiences of microdosing psychedelics to improve mental health or to cease or reduce substance use, and examined sociodemographic and other covariates of perceived improvements in mental health that individuals attributed to microdosing.METHODS: An international online survey was conducted in 2018 and examined people's experiences of using psychedelics for self-reported therapeutic or enhancement purposes. This paper focuses on 1102 respondents who reported current or past experience of psychedelic microdosing.RESULTS: Twenty-one percent of respondents reported primarily microdosing as a therapy for depression, 7% for anxiety, 9% for other mental disorders and 2% for substance use cessation or reduction. Forty-four percent of respondents perceived that their mental health was "much better" as a consequence of microdosing. In a multivariate analysis, perceived improvements in mental health from microdosing were associated with a range of variables including gender, education, microdosing duration and motivations, and recent use of larger psychedelic doses.CONCLUSIONS: Given the promising findings of clinical trials of standard psychedelic doses as mental health therapies, clinical microdosing research is needed to determine its potential role in psychiatric treatment, and ongoing social research to better understand the use of microdosing as self-managed mental health and substance use therapies.
|
['Adult', 'Attention', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Hallucinogens', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mental Disorders', 'Mental Health', 'Motivation', 'Perception', 'Self-Management', 'Substance-Related Disorders', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 32,043,165
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F02.830.104.214'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['D27.505.696.388', 'D27.505.954.427.700.372'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03'], ['F02.418', 'N01.400.500'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['F02.463.593'], ['N02.421.784.760'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Inguinal Reconstruction Using Pedicled Rectus Abdominis Flap: A Useful Option for the Application of Radiotherapy.
|
Given their high rate of complications, radical surgical procedures of anorectal and gynecological tumors require a reliable and individualized reconstruction. The latter is influenced by the frequent indication of adjuvant chemo/radiotherapy that they present. We describe the case of a patient with medical history of vulvar carcinoma that required radical surgery and bilateral inguinal lymphadenectomy. Because of the stage of the tumor, the application of postoperative radiotherapy was clinically indicated; however, after surgery, the patient developed bilateral inguinal ulcers that made postoperative radiotherapy application impossible. Using a radical surgical approach in combination with postoperative radiotherapy increases survival in patients with these types of tumors. Therefore, delaying its use because of wound complications or inadequate reconstruction cannot be justified. The pedicled abdominal rectus flap is an excellent option for this purpose in patients with moderate- to large-sized defects.
|
['Abdominal Wound Closure Techniques', 'Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Inguinal Canal', 'Radiotherapy', 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures', 'Rectus Abdominis', 'Surgical Flaps', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vulvar Neoplasms']
| 31,136,556
|
[['E04.987.100'], ['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.923.047.412'], ['E02.815'], ['E04.680'], ['A02.633.567.050.800'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C04.588.945.418.968', 'C13.351.500.944.819', 'C13.351.937.418.968']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Percutaneous gastrostomy in a child.
|
A 2-year-old girl with cyanotic congenital heart disease needed to undergo gastrostomy. To avoid the use of general anesthesia, a percutaneous gastrostomy was performed as an interventional radiologic procedure with the patient under sedation and with the use of local anesthesia. The placement of a nasogastrocutaneous guide wire under fluoroscopic guidance provided a stable tract for placement of the gastrostomy tube.
|
['Child, Preschool', 'Ebstein Anomaly', 'Female', 'Fluoroscopy', 'Gastrostomy', 'Humans', 'Intraoperative Care']
| 3,715,040
|
[['M01.060.406.448'], ['C14.240.400.395', 'C14.280.400.395', 'C16.131.240.400.395'], ['E01.370.350.700.225'], ['E04.210.496', 'E04.579.408'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.731.400', 'E04.604.249', 'N02.421.585.722.400']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Value of subthalamic nucleus local field potentials recordings in predicting stimulation parameters for deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease.
|
OBJECTIVES: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) can be a highly effective treatment for Parkinson's disease. However, therapeutic efficacy can be limited by inconsistent targeting of this nucleus. It was shown previously that an increase in local field potential (LFP) power over the beta frequency band may provide intraoperative confirmation of STN targeting. Whether the depth of this focal increase also helps predict the depth and voltage chosen for chronic stimulation is tested here.METHODS: LFPs were recorded from the contacts of 57 DBS electrodes as the latter were advanced in 2 mm steps from above to below the intended surgical target point in STN.RESULTS: A spectral peak in the bipolar LFP was recorded in the 11-35 Hz band at the lowest contact pair that underwent a steep but focal change during electrode descent in all but three sides. The depth of the initial intraoperative step increase in beta correlated with the depth of the contact independently chosen for chronic DBS (Spearman's rho=0.35, p=0.01). In addition, the absolute difference between the depths of the initial increase in beta and the contact chosen for chronic DBS correlated with the voltage used for chronic stimulation (rho=0.322, p=0.017). Thus more voltage had to be employed if a depth was selected for chronic stimulation that differed from that of the beta generator.CONCLUSIONS: Online spectral analysis of LFPs recorded from the DBS electrode may help identify the optimal therapeutic target in the STN region for DBS.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Beta Rhythm', 'Deep Brain Stimulation', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Electrodes, Implanted', 'Electrophysiological Phenomena', 'Evoked Potentials', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intraoperative Period', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Parkinson Disease', 'Prospective Studies', 'Software', 'Stereotaxic Techniques', 'Subthalamic Nucleus']
| 20,466,699
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.376.300.150.750', 'E01.370.405.245.287.750', 'G07.265.087.750', 'G11.561.127.750'], ['E02.331.300', 'E04.190'], ['E05.723.402'], ['E07.305.250.319', 'E07.695.202'], ['G07.265'], ['G07.265.216.500', 'G11.561.200.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.614.374', 'N02.421.585.753.374'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.228.140.079.862.500', 'C10.228.662.600.400', 'C10.574.928.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['L01.224.900'], ['E04.525.800', 'E05.873'], ['A08.186.211.200.317.800.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Full-scale simulation of seawater reverse osmosis desalination processes for boron removal: Effect of membrane fouling.
|
The objective of this study is to further develop previously reported mechanistic predictive model that simulates boron removal in full-scale seawater reverse osmosis (RO) desalination processes to take into account the effect of membrane fouling. Decrease of boron removal and reduction in water production rate by membrane fouling due to enhanced concentration polarization were simulated as a decrease in solute mass transfer coefficient in boundary layer on membrane surface. Various design and operating options under fouling condition were examined including single- versus double-pass configurations, different number of RO elements per vessel, use of RO membranes with enhanced boron rejection, and pH adjustment. These options were quantitatively compared by normalizing the performance of the system in terms of E(min), the minimum energy costs per product water. Simulation results suggested that most viable options to enhance boron rejection among those tested in this study include: i) minimizing fouling, ii) exchanging the existing SWRO elements to boron-specific ones, and iii) increasing pH in the second pass. The model developed in this study is expected to help design and optimization of the RO processes to achieve the target boron removal at target water recovery under realistic conditions where membrane fouling occurs during operation.
|
['Boron', 'Computer Simulation', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Membranes, Artificial', 'Osmosis', 'Salinity', 'Seawater', 'Waste Disposal, Fluid', 'Water Purification']
| 22,578,430
|
[['D01.268.513.500'], ['L01.224.160'], ['G02.300'], ['D25.479', 'J01.637.051.479', 'J01.637.087.500'], ['G01.154.090.750', 'G02.111.655', 'G02.691', 'G02.723.495'], ['G02.640.500'], ['G16.500.275.725.500'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.900.900', 'N06.850.860.510.900.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Mesocorticolimbic Connectivity and Volumetric Alterations in DCC
|
The axon guidance cue receptor DCC (deleted in colorectal cancer) plays a critical role in the organization of mesocorticolimbic pathways in rodents. To investigate whether this occurs in humans, we measured (1) anatomical connectivity between the substantia nigra/ventral tegmental area (SN/VTA) and forebrain targets, (2) striatal and cortical volumes, and (3) putatively associated traits and behaviors. To assess translatability, morphometric data were also collected in Dcc-haploinsufficient mice. The human volunteers were 20 DCC+/- mutation carriers, 16 DCC+/+ relatives, and 20 DCC+/+ unrelated healthy volunteers (UHVs; 28 females). The mice were 11 Dcc+/- and 16 wild-type C57BL/6J animals assessed during adolescence and adulthood. Compared with both control groups, the human DCC+/- carriers exhibited the following: (1) reduced anatomical connectivity from the SN/VTA to the ventral striatum [DCC+/+: p = 0.0005, r(effect size) = 0.60; UHV: p = 0.0029, r = 0.48] and ventral medial prefrontal cortex (DCC+/+: p = 0.0031, r = 0.53; UHV: p = 0.034, r = 0.35); (2) lower novelty-seeking scores (DCC+/+: p = 0.034, d = 0.82; UHV: p = 0.019, d = 0.84); and (3) reduced striatal volume (DCC+/+: p = 0.0009, d = 1.37; UHV: p = 0.0054, d = 0.93). Striatal volumetric reductions were also present in Dcc+/- mice, and these were seen during adolescence (p = 0.0058, d = 1.09) and adulthood (p = 0.003, d = 1.26). Together these findings provide the first evidence in humans that an axon guidance gene is involved in the formation of mesocorticolimbic circuitry and related behavioral traits, providing mechanisms through which DCC mutations might affect susceptibility to diverse neuropsychiatric disorders.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Opportunities to study the effects of axon guidance molecules on human brain development have been rare. Here, the identification of a large four-generational family that carries a mutation to the axon guidance molecule receptor gene, DCC, enabled us to demonstrate effects on mesocorticolimbic anatomical connectivity, striatal volumes, and personality traits. Reductions in striatal volumes were replicated in DCC-haploinsufficient mice. Together, these processes might influence mesocorticolimbic function and susceptibility to diverse neuropsychiatric disorders.
|
['Adult', 'Aging', 'Animals', 'Axons', 'DCC Receptor', 'Exploratory Behavior', 'Female', 'Heterozygote', 'Humans', 'Limbic System', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Middle Aged', 'Neural Pathways', 'Personality Disorders', 'Prefrontal Cortex', 'Substance-Related Disorders', 'Substantia Nigra', 'Ventral Tegmental Area', 'Young Adult']
| 29,712,788
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.675.542.145', 'A11.284.180.075', 'A11.671.137', 'A11.671.501.145'], ['D12.644.360.075.413', 'D12.776.476.075.413', 'D12.776.543.750.003.500', 'D12.776.624.776.021'], ['F01.145.387', 'F01.658.370'], ['G05.380.383'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A08.186.211.180'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A08.612'], ['F03.675'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270.700'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900'], ['A08.186.211.132.659.413.656'], ['A08.186.211.132.659.413.875.820'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Autophagy as a new therapeutic target in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
|
A resolutive therapy for Duchene muscular dystrophy, a severe degenerative disease of the skeletal muscle, is still lacking. Because autophagy has been shown to be crucial in clearing dysfunctional organelles and in preventing tissue damage, we investigated its pathogenic role and its suitability as a target for new therapeutic interventions in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Here we demonstrate that autophagy is severely impaired in muscles from patients affected by DMD and mdx mice, a model of the disease, with accumulation of damaged organelles. The defect in autophagy was accompanied by persistent activation via phosphorylation of Akt, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and of the autophagy-inhibiting pathways dependent on them, including the translation-initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 and the ribosomal protein S6, and downregulation of the autophagy-inducing genes LC3, Atg12, Gabarapl1 and Bnip3. The defective autophagy was rescued in mdx mice by long-term exposure to a low-protein diet. The treatment led to normalisation of Akt and mTOR signalling; it also reduced significantly muscle inflammation, fibrosis and myofibre damage, leading to recovery of muscle function. This study highlights novel pathogenic aspects of DMD and suggests autophagy as a new effective therapeutic target. The treatment we propose can be safely applied and immediately tested for efficacy in humans.
|
['Animals', 'Autophagy', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred mdx', 'Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne', 'Oncogene Protein v-akt', 'Signal Transduction', 'TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases']
| 23,152,054
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.011'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.265'], ['C05.651.534.500.300', 'C10.668.491.175.500.300', 'C16.320.322.562', 'C16.320.577.300'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.586', 'D12.776.624.664.520.750.788'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.931', 'D12.776.476.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Psychological consequences of burn injury.
|
The major psychological sequelae experienced by patients 1 year after burn injury were investigated. Data were collected on a consecutive series of adult burn patients, (n = 55), including major demographic and epidemiological characteristics. Participants (n = 23) completed the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS), the Impact of Event Scale (IES) and a questionnaire covering functional impairment, visibility of the burn, experience of pain, etc. Over one-third of the patients (36.4 per cent) were found to have premorbid characteristics which could predispose them to injury. Over one-third (34.7 per cent) were still experiencing significant psychological problems. Anxiety was most common, followed by posttraumatic stress symptoms and depression. The visibility of the burn was found to be a useful factor in the prediction of psychological outcome (P = 0.001-0.018). No additional variables were found to increase the significance of prediction. Patients indicated that practical advice in the form of staff-led discussions, before or immediately after discharge, would be the most valuable help.
|
['Adult', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Anxiety', 'Burns', 'Chronic Disease', 'Humans', 'Psychological Tests', 'Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 1,793,497
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['F01.470.132'], ['C26.200'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.711'], ['F03.950.750.500'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Direct molecular interactions between Beclin 1 and the canonical NFêB activation pathway.
|
General (macro)autophagy and the activation of NFêB constitute prominent responses to a large array of intracellular and extracellular stress conditions. The depletion of any of the three subunits of the inhibitor of NFêB (IêB) kinase (IKKá, IKKâ, IKKã/NEMO), each of which is essential for the canonical NFêB activation pathway, limits autophagy induction by physiological or pharmacological triggers, while constitutive active IKK subunits suffice to stimulate autophagy. The activation of IKK usually relies on TGFâ-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), which is also necessary for the optimal induction of autophagy in multiple settings. TAK1 interacts with two structurally similar co-activators, TAK1-binding proteins 2 and 3 (TAB2 and TAB3). Importantly, in resting conditions both TAB2 and TAB3 bind the essential autophagic factor Beclin 1, but not TAK1. In response to pro-autophagic stimuli, TAB2 and TAB3 dissociate from Beclin 1 and engage in stimulatory interactions with TAK1. The inhibitory interaction between TABs and Beclin 1 is mediated by their coiled-coil domains (CCDs). Accordingly, the overexpression of either TAB2 or TAB3 CCD stimulates Beclin 1- and TAK1-dependent autophagy. These results point to the existence of a direct molecular crosstalk between the canonical NFêB activation pathway and the autophagic core machinery that guarantees the coordinated induction of these processes in response to stress.
|
['Animals', 'Autophagy', 'Humans', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Models, Biological', 'NF-kappa B', 'Protein Binding', 'Signal Transduction']
| 22,301,997
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.011'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.543'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sleep quality varies as a function of 5-HTTLPR genotype and stress.
|
OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that allelic variation in 5HTT gene-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) genotype was associated with sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI) as a main effect and as moderated by the chronic stress of caregiving. Serotonin (5HT) is involved in sleep regulation and the 5HT transporter (5HTT) regulates 5HT function. A common 44-base pair deletion (s allele) polymorphism in the 5-HTTLPR is associated with reduced 5HTT transcription efficiency and 5HT uptake in vitro.METHODS: Subjects were 142 adult primary caregivers for a spouse or parent with dementia and 146 noncaregiver controls. Subjects underwent genotyping and completed the PSQI.RESULTS: Variation in 5-HTTLPR genotype was not related to sleep quality as a main effect (p > .36). However, there was a caregiver X 5-HTTLPR interaction (p < .009), such that the s allele was associated with poorer sleep quality in caregivers as compared with controls.CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that the s allele may moderate sleep disturbance in response to chronic stress.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Alleles', 'Caregivers', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Serotonin', 'Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Sleep Wake Disorders', 'Stress, Psychological']
| 17,766,685
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['M01.085', 'M01.526.485.200', 'N02.360.200'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.795'], ['D02.092.211.215.801.852', 'D03.633.100.473.914.814', 'D23.469.050.650'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.625.311', 'D12.776.157.530.562.374.875', 'D12.776.157.530.937.624', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625.374', 'D12.776.543.585.562.374.875', 'D12.776.543.585.937.747'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['C10.886', 'C23.888.592.796', 'F03.870'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Diagnostic image (341). A man with left thoracic pain. Incarcerated diaphragmatic hernia of the transverse colon].
|
A 28-year-old man with a previous (old) left thoracic stab wound, developed an incarcerated diaphragmatic hernia of the transverse colon which was repaired laparoscopically.
|
['Abdominal Injuries', 'Adult', 'Colon', 'Hernia, Diaphragmatic, Traumatic', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Radiography', 'Thoracotomy', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Wounds, Stab']
| 17,929,713
|
[['C26.017'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A03.556.124.526.356', 'A03.556.249.249.356'], ['C23.300.707.960.500.233', 'C26.017.258'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E04.928.760'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C26.986.950']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
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