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Baseline sensitivity and biochemical responses of Valsa mali to propamidine.
|
In the current study, baseline sensitivity of Valsa mali to propamidine was determined using 80 strains collected from apple orchards in Shaanxi Province, China. The median effective concentration (EC50) values for propamidine inhibiting mycelial growth ranged from 0.086 to 0.852 ìg/mL, with a mean of 0.405 ± 0.137 ìg/mL. After treated with propamidine, mycelia were contorted with an increased number of branches, loss of fruiting body production, and decreased cell membrane permeability. Moreover, the enzyme activities of the complexes I, II, IV and ATPase in the mitochondrial respiratory chain were increased significantly, while the enzyme activities of complexes III decreased. Importantly, both on detached leaves and branches of apple trees, propamidine applied at 100 ìg/mL exhibited over 75% protective and curative efficacies, which were even better than the efficacies obtained by carbendazim at the same concentration. These results indicated that propamidine could be used as an alternative compound in controlling Valsa canker and mitochondrial respiratory chains might be correlated with the action mode of propamidine. This study encourages further investigation for the action mechanism of propamidine against plant pathogens and the information could be valuable for synthesis of new antifungal drugs with novel modes of action.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphatases', 'Antifungal Agents', 'Ascomycota', 'Benzamidines', 'Cell Membrane Permeability', 'China', 'Electron Transport', 'Fruiting Bodies, Fungal', 'Hyphae', 'Malus', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Mitochondria', 'Multienzyme Complexes', 'Plant Diseases', 'Plant Leaves']
| 29,933,998
|
[['D08.811.277.040.025'], ['D27.505.954.122.136'], ['B01.300.107'], ['D02.078.100'], ['G03.143.335', 'G04.175'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['G02.111.248', 'G03.295.531.403', 'G03.493.350'], ['A19.374'], ['A19.687.400'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.937.500.444'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['D05.500.562', 'D08.811.600'], ['G15.610'], ['A18.024.812']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
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Propofol Relaxes Isolated Rat Aorta through BKCa
|
BACKGROUND: Propofol is an intravenous anesthetic that can be used for the induction and maintenance of anesthesia. In the present study, it was aimed to investigate the mechanism of vasodilator action of propofol in the rat aorta (RA).METHODS: The RA rings were suspended in isolated organ baths and tension was recorded isometrically. First, potassium chloride (KCl) and phenylephrine (PE) were added to organ baths to form precontraction. When the precontractions were stable, propofol (1, 10, and 100 ìM) was added cumulatively to the baths. The antagonistic effect of propofol on KCl (45 mM), PE (1 ìM), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) (30 ìM), and calcium chloride (CaCl2) (10 ìM to 10 mM) induced contractions in the vascular rings were investigated. Propofol-induced relaxations were also tested in the presence of the K+ channel inhibitors tetraethylammonium (TEA, 1 mM), glibenclamide (GLI, 10 ìM), 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, 1 mM), and barium chloride (BaCl2, 30 ìM).RESULTS: Preincubation with propofol (1, 10, and 100 ìM) did not affect the basal tone but inhibited the contraction induced by KCl, PE, 5-HT, and CaCl2-induced contractions. Propofol-induced relaxation was not effected by 4-AP, GLI, and BaCl2. However, TEA inhibited propofol-induced relaxations significantly.CONCLUSIONS: The propofol induces relaxation in contracted RA and inhibits KCl, PE, 5-HT, and CaCl2-induced contractions. The results demonstrate that the mechanism of action of propofol-induced vasodilation in the RA may be related to large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel activation.
|
['Animals', 'Aorta', 'Female', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel alpha Subunits', 'Propofol', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Signal Transduction', 'Vasodilation', 'Vasodilator Agents']
| 31,200,052
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056'], ['E05.481'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600.150.500.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750.150.500.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750.150.500.249'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.773'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['G09.330.380.928'], ['D27.505.954.411.918']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Bacterial adherence to separated modular components in joint prosthesis: a clinical study.
|
Bacterial adherence on total joint replacement implants may lead to biofilm formation and implant-related osteoarticular infection. It is unclear if different biomaterials in the prosthetic components are more prone to facilitate this bacterial adherence, although ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) component exchange in modular systems has been clinically utilized in the early management of these infections. To clarify if the amount of clinically adhered microorganisms was related to the material or the component, we investigated retrieved implants from infected joint replacements. Thirty-two patients were revised after confirmed implant-related infection through positive cultures. Eighty-seven total joint components (hip and knee) were obtained and separately sonicated following a previously published protocol. Cultures were quantified, and detected colony forming units (CFU) were adjusted according to the component surface and compared based on the component material and location. Variable adherence of bacteria to chrome cobalt alloys, UHMWPE, hydroxyapatite coated components, and titanium alloys. The commonest isolated organisms were Staphylococcus epidermidis (23 of 87 components) and Staphylococcus aureus (10 of 87). Twelve components did not show any microorganism adhered despite location in an infected joint, with positive cultures in other components. A mixed linear model adjusted for random effects (the random effect being the infected patient) obtained convergence for the CFU/mm(2) variable, but could not confirm a significantly higher adherence to a particular component or to a particular biomaterial. Therefore, the bacterial adherence primarily depends on the infective microorganism and the response of each individual patient, rather than materials or components.
|
['Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip', 'Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee', 'Bacterial Adhesion', 'Biocompatible Materials', 'Humans', 'Joint Prosthesis', 'Materials Testing']
| 22,467,526
|
[['E04.555.110.110.110', 'E04.650.110.110', 'E04.680.101.110.110'], ['E04.555.110.110.115', 'E04.650.110.115', 'E04.680.101.110.115'], ['G06.099.050'], ['D25.130', 'D27.720.102.130', 'J01.637.051.130'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.695.400'], ['E05.570']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Gr-1+ CD11b+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells suppress inflammation and promote insulin sensitivity in obesity.
|
Activation of immune cells, including macrophages and CD8(+) T cells, contributes significantly to the advancement of obesity and its associated medical complications, such as atherosclerosis, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. However, how the activation of these immune cells is regulated in vivo remains largely unexplored. Here we show that a group of immature myeloid cells with cell surface markers of Gr-1(+) CD11b(+) are highly enriched in peripheral tissues (i.e. liver and adipose tissues) during obesity. Down-regulation of these cells in obese animals significantly increases inflammation and impairs insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, whereas elevation of these cells via adoptive transfer has the opposite effects. Mechanistically, we show that under obese conditions, the Gr-1(+) cells suppress proliferation and induce apoptosis of CD8(+) T cells and are capable of skewing differentiation of macrophages into insulin-sensitizing, alternatively activated M2 macrophages. Taken together, our study demonstrates that immature myeloid cells provide a checks-and-balances platform to counter proinflammatory immune cells in the liver and adipose tissue during obesity to prevent overt immune responses.
|
['Adipose Tissue', 'Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'CD11b Antigen', 'CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Inflammation', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Macrophages', 'Mice', 'Mice, Obese', 'Myeloid Cells', 'Obesity', 'Receptors, Cell Surface']
| 21,592,961
|
[['A10.165.114'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.074.750', 'D12.776.543.550.200.093.750', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.100.150', 'D12.776.543.750.705.833.062', 'D23.050.301.350.074.049'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220'], ['G04.152'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['C23.550.470'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.530'], ['A11.627'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['D12.776.543.750']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Initial experience with a new type of high energy neodymium laser in correcting stenosis of the airway].
|
The aim of the study was to assess the use of a new Nd:YAG laser--mediLas fibertom--in correcting malignant and benign stenoses of the airways. Eighteen patients were included in the study. In 9 these were caused by malignant tumors, in 3 by nonmalignant tumors, in 6 by post-inflammatory stenoses of the airways. Altogether 99 laser sessions were carried out. In patients with malignant diseases complete recanalization was achieved in 6 patients, in 2 partial. One patients did not benefit form the laser procedure. In patients with benign tumors complete recanalization was achieved in all of the patients. In 5 out of 6 patients the post inflammatory stenosis was corrected. Satisfactory results observed after the second, fourth and one year after the initial laser procedure encourage to use this from of therapy in cases of malignant and nonmalignant narrowing of the airways.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Airway Obstruction', 'Bronchoscopy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Laser Therapy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Respiratory Tract Diseases']
| 7,633,370
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C08.618.846.185'], ['E01.370.386.105', 'E01.370.388.250.100', 'E04.502.250.100', 'E04.928.600.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.594', 'E04.014.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C08']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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Cloning the Yarrowia lipolytica homologue of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae SEC62 gene.
|
Yarrowia lipolytica SEC62 cDNA was cloned by functional complementation of a thermo-sensitive sec62 Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant strain. The Y. lipolytica SEC62 promoter region was amplified by the inverse polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The cDNA codes for a 396 amino-acid protein with two potential trans-membrane domains. Y. lipolytica Sec62p behaves as an integral membrane protein as shown by Western blotting. Y. lipolytica SEC62 cDNA is able to complement a S. cerevisiae sec62 null mutant strain confirming functional conservation, although only 53.6% amino-acid similarity is observed between Y. lipolytica and S. cerevisiae Sec62.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA, Complementary', 'DNA, Fungal', 'Escherichia coli', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal', 'Gene Library', 'Genetic Complementation Test', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Membrane Transport Proteins', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Saccharomycetales', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Transformation, Genetic']
| 9,021,129
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['D13.444.308.300'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D12.776.354'], ['G05.308.330'], ['G05.360.325'], ['E05.393.281.526'], ['D12.776.543'], ['D12.776.157.530', 'D12.776.543.585'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['B01.300.107.795'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G05.728.865']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A serologic assessment of exposure to viral pathogens and Leptospira in an urban raccoon (Procyon lotor) population inhabiting a large zoological park.
|
In urban environments, raccoons (Procyon lotor) may act as reservoirs for an array of pathogenic organisms, presenting spillover risks for human, domestic animal, and captive (zoo) animal populations. Over 5 yr, 159 raccoons from a high-density raccoon population in St. Louis, Missouri (USA), were surveyed for exposure to canine distemper virus (CDV), canine adenovirus 1 (CAV-1); feline parvovirus (FPV; =feline panleukopenia), and several serovars of Leptospira interrogans. Exposure to each of the viruses and two Leptospira serovars (grippotyphosa and icterohemorrhagiae) was detected (prevalence of CDV = 54.1%; FPV = 49.7%; CAV-1 = 6.9%; L. interrogans icterohemorrhagiae = 8.9%; L. interrogans grippotyphosa = 6.3%). Eighty percent of raccoons showed evidence of exposure to at least one of the five primary pathogens, and 39% were positive for multiple species. Among the viruses, there was a significant co-occurrence of CDV and CAV-1. Longitudinal data on a subset of animals revealed that among individuals who were diagnosed as seropositive on first capture, 33-100% became seronegative for the pathogen of interest when reexamined at a later date. Thus, free-ranging urban raccoons have been exposed to multiple infectious agents, some of which may pose risks to humans and to nonvaccinated domestic and captive animal populations.
|
['Adenoviridae', 'Adenoviridae Infections', 'Animals', 'Animals, Zoo', 'Antibodies, Bacterial', 'Antibodies, Viral', 'Disease Reservoirs', 'Distemper', 'Distemper Virus, Canine', 'Feline Panleukopenia Virus', 'Female', 'Leptospira', 'Leptospirosis', 'Male', 'Parvoviridae Infections', 'Raccoons', 'Seroepidemiologic Studies']
| 17,469,271
|
[['B04.280.030'], ['C01.925.256.076'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.448'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.107', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.125'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254'], ['N06.850.520.203.250'], ['C01.925.782.580.600.500.285', 'C22.268.265'], ['B04.820.480.937.600.650.500.280'], ['B04.280.580.650.600.325'], ['B03.440.400.425.475.475', 'B03.851.475.475'], ['C01.150.252.400.794.511'], ['C01.925.256.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.623.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.950', 'N05.715.360.330.500.950', 'N06.850.520.450.500.950']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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| 0
| 1
| 0
|
New Cytotoxic Secondary Metabolites from Marine Bryozoan Cryptosula pallasiana.
|
A new sterol, (23R)-methoxycholest-5,24-dien-3â-ol (1), two new ceramides, (2S,3R,4E,8E)-2-(tetradecanoylamino)-4,8-octadecadien-l,3-diol (6) and (2S,3R,2'R,4E,8E)-2-(tetradecanoylamino)-4,8-octadecadien-l,3,2'-triol (7), together with three known sterols (2-4), a lactone (5) and two ceramides (8,9), were isolated from the marine bryozoan Cryptosula pallasiana, collected at Huang Island of China. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses, chemical methods and quantum electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Among the isolated compounds, sterol 1 possessed a rare side chain with a methoxy group at C-23, and a double bond between C-24 and C-25. Ceramides 6 and 7 possessed 14 carbons in their long-chain fatty acid base (FAB), which were different from the normal ceramides with 16 carbons in the FAB. Moreover, compounds 5 and 8 were isolated for the first time from marine bryozoans. Compounds 1-9 were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against human tumor cell lines HL-60, Hep-G2 and SGC-7901. The results showed that lactone 5 appears to have strong cytotoxicity against the test tumor cell lines, with IC50 values from 4.12 ìM to 7.32 ìM, and sterol 1 displayed moderate cytotoxicity with IC50 values between 12.34 ìM and 18.37 ìM, while ceramides 6-9 showed weak cytotoxicity with IC50 ranging from 21.13 ìM to 58.15 ìM.
|
['Animals', 'Aquatic Organisms', 'Bryozoa', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Ceramides', 'China', 'Fatty Acids', 'HL-60 Cells', 'Hep G2 Cells', 'Humans', 'Molecular Structure', 'Sterols']
| 28,406,457
|
[['B01.050'], ['B05.080', 'G16.500.275.725.500.650.075'], ['B01.050.500.217'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D02.065.313', 'D09.400.410.420.525.200', 'D10.390.470.675.200', 'D10.570.877.360.612.200'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['D10.251'], ['A11.251.210.190.465', 'A11.251.860.180.465', 'A11.627.340.360.500'], ['A11.251.860.180.432', 'A11.436.348.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D04.210.500.247.808', 'D10.570.938']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Transcriptional changes in response to X chromosome dosage in the mouse: implications for X inactivation and the molecular basis of Turner Syndrome.
|
BACKGROUND: X monosomic mice (39,XO) have a remarkably mild phenotype when compared to women with Turner syndrome (45,XO). The generally accepted hypothesis to explain this discrepancy is that the number of genes on the mouse X chromosome which escape X inactivation, and thus are expressed at higher levels in females, is very small. However this hypothesis has never been tested and only a small number of genes have been assayed for their X-inactivation status in the mouse. We performed a global expression analysis in four somatic tissues (brain, liver, kidney and muscle) of adult 40,XX and 39,XO mice using the Illumina Mouse WG-6 v1_1 Expression BeadChip and an extensive validation by quantitative real time PCR, in order to identify which genes are expressed from both X chromosomes.RESULTS: We identified several genes on the X chromosome which are overexpressed in XX females, including those previously reported as escaping X inactivation, as well as new candidates. However, the results obtained by microarray and qPCR were not fully concordant, illustrating the difficulty in ascertaining modest fold changes, such as those expected for genes escaping X inactivation. Remarkably, considerable variation was observed between tissues, suggesting that inactivation patterns may be tissue-dependent. Our analysis also exposed several autosomal genes involved in mitochondrial metabolism and in protein translation which are differentially expressed between XX and XO mice, revealing secondary transcriptional changes to the alteration in X chromosome dosage.CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the prediction that the mouse inactive X chromosome is largely silent, while providing a list of the genes potentially escaping X inactivation in rodents. Although the lower expression of X-linked genes in XO mice may not be relevant in the particular tissues/systems which are affected in human X chromosome monosomy, genes deregulated in XO mice are good candidates for further study in an involvement in Turner Syndrome phenotype.
|
['Alleles', 'Animals', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Regulatory Networks', 'Genes, X-Linked', 'Mice', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Turner Syndrome', 'X Chromosome', 'X Chromosome Inactivation']
| 20,122,165
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.360.080.689.360'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.500', 'G05.420.457'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['C12.706.316.309.872', 'C12.706.316.795.750', 'C13.351.875.253.309.872', 'C13.351.875.253.795.750', 'C14.240.400.980', 'C14.280.400.980', 'C16.131.240.400.970', 'C16.131.260.830.835.750', 'C16.131.939.316.309.872', 'C16.131.939.316.795.750', 'C16.320.180.830.835.750', 'C19.391.119.309.872', 'C19.391.119.795.750'], ['A11.284.187.865.982', 'G05.360.162.865.982'], ['G05.308.203.249.970']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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| 1
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Corticosteroids impair intestinal epithelial wound repair mechanisms in vitro.
|
BACKGROUND: Despite enormous progress in the medical treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), corticosteroids still represent the most effective drugs in the management of acute IBD. Unfortunately, surgical intervention under concomitant therapy with corticosteroids is often complicated by impaired intestinal wound healing. Our aim was to assess the effects of the corticosteroids prednisolone and budesonide on different aspects of intestinal epithelial wound healing in vitro to identify potential causes for impaired intestinal wound healing under corticosteroid therapy.METHODS: The effects of both corticosteroids on intestinal epithelial cell function were studied in non-transformed small intestinal epithelial intestinal epithelial cell line IEC-6 cells and human colon cancer-derived HT-29 cells. Effects on epithelial migration were assessed using an in vitro wounding model. Effects on epithelial cell proliferation were assessed using colorimetric 3(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGFbeta) mRNA and protein expression were determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and ELISA.RESULTS: Prednisolone and budesonide caused a significant dose-dependent inhibition of intestinal epithelial cell migration and proliferation in IEC-6 and HT-29 cells. Both corticosteroids induced apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells in a dose-dependent fashion. Neither corticosteroid modulated the expression of TGFbeta mRNA and the synthesis of TGFbeta peptide. However, both corticosteroids stimulated the bioactivation of latent TGFbeta peptide.CONCLUSIONS: Prednisolone and budesonide inhibit intestinal epithelial cell restitution and proliferation in vitro. Both processes play a key role in the rapid resealing of the mucosal barrier following intestinal injury. Thus, impaired intestinal epithelial wound healing under corticosteroid therapy in vivo may be caused by inhibition of intestinal epithelial cell restitution and proliferation.
|
['Anti-Inflammatory Agents', 'Apoptosis', 'Budesonide', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Movement', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Epithelial Cells', 'HT29 Cells', 'Humans', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Intestines', 'Prednisolone', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta', 'Wound Healing']
| 11,521,988
|
[['D27.505.954.158'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.105'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['A11.436'], ['A11.251.210.190.475', 'A11.251.860.180.475', 'A11.436.365'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481'], ['A03.556.124'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.795'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['D12.644.276.374.687', 'D12.644.276.954.775', 'D12.776.467.374.687', 'D12.776.467.942.775', 'D23.529.374.687', 'D23.529.942.775'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1/2 activation by tumor necrosis factor-alpha induces insulin resistance in human visceral but not subcutaneous adipocytes: reversal by liver X receptor agonists.
|
AIMS: Obesity is associated with a chronic systemic low-grade inflammatory state. Markers of inflammation such as TNF-alpha are linked with increased risk for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The objective of the present study was to dissect the molecular mechanisms that may regulate TNF-alpha-induced insulin resistance in human adipose tissue.METHODS: We analyzed the impact of TNF-alpha on glucose uptake and insulin action in human visceral and sc adipocytes. The contribution of different intracellular signaling pathways on metabolic effects of TNF-alpha and the reversal of some of these effects with nuclear receptor agonists were also studied.RESULTS: TNF-alpha per se increased glucose transporter-4 translocation to the plasma membrane and glucose uptake by activating the AMP-activated protein kinase/AS160 pathway in both visceral and sc adipocytes. Nevertheless, this cytokine induced an insulin-resistant state in visceral adipocytes by impairing insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and insulin signaling at the insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1/AKT level. Activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) 1/2 seems to be involved in TNF-alpha-induced insulin resistance, causing phosphorylation of IRS1 at the Ser312 residue. Accordingly, silencing JNK1/2 with either small interfering RNA or chemical inhibitors impaired serine phosphorylation of IRS1, restored downstream insulin signaling, and normalized insulin-induced glucose uptake in the presence of TNF-alpha. Furthermore, TNF-alpha increased the secretion of other proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6. Pharmacological treatment of adipocytes with liver X receptor agonists reestablished insulin sensitivity by impairing TNF-alpha induction of JNK1/2, phosphorylation of IRS1 (Ser312), and stabilizing IL-6 secretion.CONCLUSIONS: TNF-alpha induces insulin resistance on glucose uptake in human visceral but not sc adipocytes, suggesting depot-specific effects of TNF-alpha on glucose uptake. Activation of JNK1/2 appears to be involved in serine phosphorylation of IRS1 and subsequently insulin resistance on glucose uptake, a state that can be reversed by liver X receptor agonists.
|
['AMP-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Adipocytes', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Glucose', 'Glucose Transporter Type 1', 'Glucose Transporter Type 4', 'Humans', 'Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Intra-Abdominal Fat', 'Liver X Receptors', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 9', 'Orphan Nuclear Receptors', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear', 'Signal Transduction', 'Subcutaneous Fat', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 19,567,513
|
[['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.085', 'D12.644.360.062', 'D12.776.476.062'], ['A11.329.114'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D12.776.260'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['D12.776.157.530.500.500.500', 'D12.776.157.530.937.563.500', 'D12.776.543.585.500.500.500', 'D12.776.543.585.937.625.500'], ['D12.776.157.530.500.500.937', 'D12.776.157.530.937.563.937', 'D12.776.543.585.500.500.937', 'D12.776.543.585.937.625.937'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.360.024.301', 'D12.776.157.057.045', 'D12.776.476.024.382'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['A10.165.114.830.500.500'], ['D12.776.260.531', 'D12.776.826.194'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.374.500', 'D12.644.360.450.340.500', 'D12.776.476.450.340.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.374.750', 'D12.644.360.450.340.750', 'D12.776.476.450.340.750'], ['D12.776.260.643', 'D12.776.826.209', 'D12.776.930.645'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.755', 'D12.776.476.565', 'D12.776.624.664.700.168'], ['D12.776.826'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A10.165.114.830.750'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Effect of the lipid component of the medium on lipase biosynthesis by fungi].
|
The lipolytic activity of the fungi Aspergillus and Rhizopus was studied on a medium with soybean flour. The lipolytic activity of the Aspergillus fungi was low or absent whereas many of the cultures belonging to the Rhizopus genus possessed the lipolytic activity. The effect of soybean flour components on lipase biosynthesis was studied with Geotrichum asteroides and Rhizopus cohnii AUCMF-597. The lipid component was shown to be necessary for lipase biosynthesis by G. asteroides and to stimulate lipase synthesis by Rh. cohnii AUCMF-597. Oleic acid is presumed to activate lipase biosynthesis by G. asteroides.
|
['Aspergillus', 'Culture Media', 'Lipase', 'Lipid Metabolism', 'Lipolysis', 'Rhizopus', 'Soybeans']
| 573,367
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Salmonella
|
Strains of Salmonella utilize two distinct type three secretion systems to deliver effector proteins directly into host cells. The Salmonella effectors SseK1 and SseK3 are arginine glycosyltransferases that modify mammalian death domain containing proteins with N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc) when overexpressed ectopically or as recombinant protein fusions. Here, we combined Arg-GlcNAc glycopeptide immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry to identify host proteins GlcNAcylated by endogenous levels of SseK1 and SseK3 during Salmonella infection. We observed that SseK1 modified the mammalian signaling protein TRADD, but not FADD as previously reported. Overexpression of SseK1 greatly broadened substrate specificity, whereas ectopic co-expression of SseK1 and TRADD increased the range of modified arginine residues within the death domain of TRADD. In contrast, endogenous levels of SseK3 resulted in modification of the death domains of receptors of the mammalian TNF superfamily, TNFR1 and TRAILR, at residues Arg376 and Arg293 respectively. Structural studies on SseK3 showed that the enzyme displays a classic GT-A glycosyltransferase fold and binds UDP-GlcNAc in a narrow and deep cleft with the GlcNAc facing the surface. Together our data suggest that salmonellae carrying sseK1 and sseK3 employ the glycosyltransferase effectors to antagonise different components of death receptor signaling.
|
['Acetylglucosamine', 'Animals', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Conserved Sequence', 'Glutamic Acid', 'Glycosylation', 'HEK293 Cells', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mutagenesis', 'Mutation', 'Protein Domains', 'RAW 264.7 Cells', 'Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand', 'Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I', 'Salmonella', 'Signal Transduction', 'Substrate Specificity', 'TNF Receptor-Associated Death Domain Protein', 'TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 30,902,834
|
[['D09.067.342.531.050'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.097'], ['G02.111.570.580'], ['D12.125.067.625.349', 'D12.125.119.409.349', 'D12.125.427.300'], ['G02.111.158.812', 'G02.607.299', 'G03.191.812'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['G05.558'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.750', 'G02.111.570.820.709.610.500'], ['A11.251.210.172.875', 'A11.733.397.815'], ['D12.776.543.750.690.600', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.396'], ['D12.776.543.750.690.750', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.597'], ['B03.440.450.425.800', 'B03.660.250.150.710'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['G02.111.835'], ['D12.644.360.024.285.600', 'D12.644.360.024.500.249', 'D12.644.360.075.421.600', 'D12.776.157.057.018.600', 'D12.776.157.057.500.249', 'D12.776.476.024.320.775', 'D12.776.476.024.500.249', 'D12.776.476.075.421.600'], ['D12.644.276.374.750.625', 'D12.776.467.374.750.625', 'D23.529.374.750.625'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of DA-9701 on gastric emptying in a mouse model: assessment by ?³C-octanoic acid breath test.
|
AIM: To evaluate the effects of DA-9701 on the gastric emptying of a solid meal using the ?³C-octanoic acid breath test in a mouse model.METHODS: Male C57BL/6 mice aged > 8 wk and with body weights of 20-25 g were used in this study. The solid test meal consisted of 200 mg of egg yolk labeled with 1.5 L/g ?³C-octanoic acid. The mice were placed in a 130 mL chamber flushed with air at a flow speed of 200 mL/min. Breath samples were collected for 6 h. The half-emptying time and lag phase were calculated using a modified power exponential model. To assess the reproducibility of the ?³C-octanoic acid breath test, the breath test was performed two times at intervals of one week in ten mice without drug treatment. To assess the gastrokinetic effects of DA-9701, the breath test was performed three times in another twelve mice, with a randomized crossover sequence of three drug treatments: DA-9701 3 mg/kg, erythromycin 6 mg/kg, or saline. Each breath test was performed at an interval of one week.RESULTS: Repeatedly measured half gastric emptying time of ten mice without drug treatment showed 0.856 of the intraclass correlation coefficient for the half gastric emptying time (P = 0.004). The mean cumulative excretion curve for the ?³C-octanoic acid breath test showed accelerated gastric emptying after DA-9701 treatment compared with the saline control (P = 0.028). The median half gastric emptying time after the DA-9701 treatment was significantly shorter than after the saline treatment [122.4 min (109.0-137.9 min) vs 134.5 min (128.4-167.0 min), respectively; P = 0.028] and similar to that after the erythromycin treatment [123.3 min (112.9-138.2 min)]. The lag phase, which was defined as the period taken to empty 15% of a meal, was significantly shorter after the DA-9701 treatment than after the saline treatment [48.1 min (44.6-57.1 min) vs 52.6 min (49.45-57.4 min), respectively; P = 0.049].CONCLUSION: The novel prokinetic agent DA-9701 accelerated gastric emptying, assessed with repeated measurements in the same mouse using the ?³C-octanoic acid breath test. Our findings suggest that DA-9701 has therapeutic potential for the treatment of functional dyspepsia.
|
['Animals', 'Body Weight', 'Breath Tests', 'Caprylates', 'Carbon Isotopes', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Erythromycin', 'Gastric Emptying', 'Gastrointestinal Agents', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Plant Preparations', 'Random Allocation', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Time Factors']
| 23,885,150
|
[['B01.050'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['E01.370.100'], ['D02.241.081.222', 'D10.251.122'], ['D01.268.150.075', 'D01.496.123'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D02.540.576.500.992'], ['G10.261.360.400'], ['D27.505.954.483'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['D20.215.784'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The association of wildfire smoke with respiratory and cardiovascular emergency department visits in Colorado in 2012: a case crossover study.
|
BACKGROUND: In 2012, Colorado experienced one of its worst wildfire seasons of the past decade. The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship of local PM2.5 levels, modeled using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model with Chemistry, with emergency department visits and acute hospitalizations for respiratory and cardiovascular outcomes during the 2012 Colorado wildfires.METHODS: Conditional logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between both continuous and categorical PM2.5 and emergency department visits during the wildfire period, from June 5(th) to July 6(th) 2012.RESULTS: For respiratory outcomes, we observed positive relationships between lag 0 PM2.5 and asthma/wheeze (1 h max OR 1.01, 95 % CI (1.00, 1.01) per 10 ìg/m(3); 24 h mean OR 1.04 95 % CI (1.02, 1.06) per 5 ìg/m(3)), and COPD (1 h max OR 1.01 95 % CI (1.00, 1.02) per 10 ìg/m(3); 24 h mean OR 1.05 95 % CI (1.02, 1.08) per 5 ìg/m(3)). These associations were also positive for 2-day and 3-day moving average lag periods. When PM2.5 was modeled as a categorical variable, bronchitis also showed elevated effect estimates over the referent groups for lag 0 24 h average concentration. Cardiovascular results were consistent with no association.CONCLUSIONS: We observed positive associations between PM2.5 from wildfire and respiratory diseases, supporting evidence from previous research that wildfire PM2.5 is an important source for adverse respiratory health outcomes.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Air Pollutants', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Colorado', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Fires', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Particulate Matter', 'Respiratory Tract Diseases', 'Smoke', 'Young Adult']
| 27,259,511
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.888.284.101'], ['C14'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.210'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['N06.230.216'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.599'], ['D20.633'], ['C08'], ['D20.633.937'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Open-heart surgery in a patient with heterozygous alpha 2-antiplasmin deficiency. Perioperative strategies in the first reported case.
|
alpha 2-Antiplasmin deficiency is a serious coagulation disorder that results in unrestrained fibrinolytic activity. Clinically, it is manifested by instability of the fibrin hemostatic plug and prolonged or delayed bleeding, which is more serious in patients who are homozygous for this trait. A patient scheduled for aortic valve replacement and coronary bypass presented with a history of repeated episodes of postoperative bleeding. Hemostatic laboratory evaluation revealed that the patient had the heterozygous form of alpha 2-antiplasmin deficiency with a serum concentration of 52 percent (normal, greater than 65 percent of the activity of pooled plasma). He underwent preoperative plasmapheresis with administration of 3,000 ml of fresh frozen plasma, which resulted in an increase in the preoperative level of alpha 2-antiplasmin to 78 percent. Although postoperative blood loss was greater than normal, it was easily managed. Preoperative identification of this rare coagulation abnormality permitted appropriate treatment and probably prevented a postoperative death from hemorrhage.
|
['Aged', 'Aortic Valve', 'Blood Coagulation Disorders', 'Coronary Artery Bypass', 'Fibrinolysin', 'Heart Valve Prosthesis', 'Hemostasis, Surgical', 'Heterozygote', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Plasmapheresis', 'Preoperative Care', 'alpha-2-Antiplasmin', 'alpha-Macroglobulins']
| 1,693,328
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['A07.541.510.110'], ['C15.378.100'], ['E04.100.376.719.332', 'E04.100.814.868.750', 'E04.928.220.520.220'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.330', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.330'], ['E07.695.310'], ['E02.520.490', 'E04.350'], ['G05.380.383'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.120.770', 'E02.912.715', 'E04.292.869'], ['E02.760.795', 'E04.604.750', 'N02.421.585.795'], ['D12.644.861.050', 'D12.776.124.790.106.090', 'D12.776.377.715.085.090', 'D12.776.395.080', 'D12.776.872.050'], ['D12.776.124.050.080', 'D12.776.124.790.106.100', 'D12.776.124.790.720.100', 'D12.776.377.715.085.100', 'D12.776.377.715.647.100']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Model-based hypothesis of gut microbe populations and gut/brain barrier permeabilities in the development of regressive autism.
|
Regressive autism is a devastating disorder affecting children between the ages of 15-30 months. The disorder is characterized by the loss of social interaction and communication ability following otherwise healthy development. In spite of rising autism prevalence, current detection methods and treatment options for this disease are lacking. Therefore, this study introduces a systems-level model, which suggests that gut microbes and intestinal inflammation influence the onset of regressive autism through increasing gut permeability. This computational model provides a framework for quantitative understanding of how imbalances in populations of gut microbes alters the whole-body and brain distributions of neurotoxins produced by GI tract bacteria. Our results indicate that increased levels of the bacteria Bacteroides vulgatus lead to increased brain levels of propionic acid, a neurotoxin which has been known to cause symptoms characteristic of autism when injected into the brain of rats. Our results further indicate that immune response to virulence factors produced by bacteria in the gut leads to increased systemic levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1â, which significantly alter the permeability of the gut epithelial layer and the blood-brain barrier. Due to the large size of cytokines, however, we predict the time required for concentrations in the brain to stabilize to be on the order of years. This suggests that treatments preventing autism development could be administered after identifying microbial biomarkers of disease but before debilitating brain inflammation leads to regressive autism progression. Future research extending this work could provide new treatment options and diagnostic techniques to help combat regressive autism.
|
['Animals', 'Autistic Disorder', 'Bacteroides', 'Blood-Brain Barrier', 'Child, Preschool', 'Computer Simulation', 'Cytokines', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Inflammation', 'Intestines', 'Models, Biological', 'Neurotoxins', 'Permeability', 'Propionates', 'Rats', 'Time Factors', 'Virulence']
| 25,288,537
|
[['B01.050'], ['F03.625.164.113.500'], ['B03.440.080.094.152', 'B03.440.425.410.194.152'], ['A07.035', 'A08.186.211.035'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['L01.224.160'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C23.550.470'], ['A03.556.124'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D27.888.569.504'], ['G02.723'], ['D02.241.081.751', 'D10.251.400.706'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G01.910.857'], ['G06.930']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Pain, the elderly and verbal communication disorders].
|
The prevalence of pain increases with age and multiple pathologies. Care procedures and movement are often triggers: dressings, injections, perfusions, washing, changes, transfers, walking, meals, etc. Which tools should be used when speech is lacking? What are the challenges in geriatrics for the patient and the caregivers? How should we orient our observations or behavioural disorders in terms of pain, anxiety or dementia?
|
['Aged', 'Communication Disorders', 'Geriatric Assessment', 'Humans', 'Pain']
| 25,055,588
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.597.606.150', 'C23.888.592.604.150', 'F03.625.374'], ['E05.318.308.225', 'I01.240.425.350', 'N01.224.425.350', 'N05.715.360.300.360', 'N06.850.505.400.425.350', 'N06.850.520.308.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Insulinotropic action of glutamate is dependent on the inhibition of ATP-sensitive potassium channel activities in MIN 6 beta cells.
|
To investigate the cellular mechanism of insulinotropic effect of glutamate in pancreatic beta cells, we utilized patch-clamp technique to monitor directly the activities of ATP-sensitive potassium channels (K(ATP) channels). Dimethylglutamate (5mM), a membrane-permeable analog of glutamate, augmented the insulin release induced by the stimulatory concentrations of glucose (p<0.05-0.01). In the cell-attached configurations, dimethylglutamate reversibly and significantly suppressed the K(ATP) channel activities (p<0.01). On the other hand, no significant effect was observed when glutamate itself was applied to the inside-out patches, whereas the prompt and reversible suppression was recorded in the case of ATP (p<0.01). These results indicate that the insulinotropic action of glutamate in beta cells could be derived from the inhibition of K(ATP) channel activities, probably due to generation of messengers via intracellular metabolism such as ATP.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Animals', 'Cell Line', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Glucose', 'Glutamic Acid', 'Insulin', 'Insulin Secretion', 'Islets of Langerhans', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Patch-Clamp Techniques', 'Potassium', 'Potassium Channels', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar']
| 14,623,322
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.251'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['D12.125.067.625.349', 'D12.125.119.409.349', 'D12.125.427.300'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['G03.442', 'G07.475'], ['A03.734.414', 'A06.300.414'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E05.200.500.905', 'E05.242.800'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The Familias Saludables partnership: Engaging the Latino community to address early childhood obesity.
|
Darcy A Thompson is an Associate Professor of pediatrics at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. Her main research seeks to address early childhood obesity in low-income children. She works in the Lifestyle Medicine clinic at Children's Hospital Colorado, a clinic focused on caring for children with obesity and related comorbidities. She is also an Associate Medical Director for the Research Institute at Children's Hospital Colorado. Her training includes a Master of Public Health degree, a medical degree (Yale University) and the Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholars Fellowship (University of Washington). Deborah (Deb) A Federspiel has been leading child health advocacy and community health improvement initiatives in support of Children's Hospital Colorado's mission for the past 15 years. Her professional background includes experience developing and managing teams, programs and operations, as well as building partnerships and coalitions to drive key strategic initiatives and advance positive change on behalf of children and families. An active member of a number of community advisory committees and nonprofit boards, she has worked in the Colorado nonprofit sector since 1999. She has a Bachelor of Science in business administration from the University of Dayton.
|
['Advisory Committees', 'Child, Preschool', 'Colorado', 'Female', 'Hispanic Americans', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Interprofessional Relations', 'Pediatric Obesity']
| 29,464,967
|
[['N03.706.742.500'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.210'], ['M01.686.754.441'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['F01.829.401.205'], ['C18.654.726.500.720', 'C23.888.144.699.500.750', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500.750']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Effect of posterior temporal-parietal hematoma on orbital frontal chemistry in relation to a cognitive and anxiety state: a combined 1H-MRS and neuropsychological study of an unusual case as compared with 16 healthy subjects.
|
The authors report the unusual case of a 58-year-old woman (MJP) suffering from left temporal throbbing headache, associated with confusion. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a 5 x 3 x 2 cm hematoma at the left posterior temporal--parietal junction (PTPJ). Repeated MRI of MJP's brain performed during a 4-month follow-up period showed decrease in hematoma size (2.3 x 1.5 x 1) with evidence for development of encephalomalacia and resorption of blood products involving the area of hemorrhage. MJP had mild transcortical sensory aphasia characterized by difficulty with reading and processing, with semantic paraphasic errors while speaking and some difficulty with repetition. MJP had remained normotensive and seizure free, on Vasotec therapy and Dilantin prophylaxis. An in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) performed during an 8-month follow-up period showed reduced concentration for N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) by 19.3% (F=4.09, P<0.04), and myo-inositol by 32.0% (F=5.16, P<0.02) in the left orbital frontal cortex (OFC) as compared with 16 healthy subjects (age- and sex-matched). Cognitive tests (the Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence (WASI) and the Stroop color--word interference) showed a significant impairment suggesting involvement of higher-order cognitive functioning (memory, learning, and general intelligence) and attentional system. The Spielberger state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) showed increased anxiety at the moment of the current examination and decreased tendency to be anxious over a long period of time. The Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventory revealed minimal anxiety and mild to moderate levels of depression. It is hypothesized that the PTPJ hematoma triggered long-distance pathways linking PTPJ area and frontal lobe, including OFC, which resulted in abnormal chemical changes in the left OFC and in cognitive tests impairment, and in long-term anxiety state changes.
|
['Anxiety', 'Cognition Disorders', 'Confusion', 'Female', 'Frontal Lobe', 'Headache', 'Hematoma', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Orbit', 'Parietal Lobe', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Temporal Lobe']
| 11,861,128
|
[['F01.470.132'], ['F03.615.250'], ['C10.597.606.337', 'C23.888.592.604.339', 'F01.700.250'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270'], ['C23.888.592.612.441'], ['C23.550.414.838'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.513'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.690'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.670'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.863']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Melissa officinalis L. ethanolic extract inhibits the growth of a lung cancer cell line by interfering with the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis.
|
Melissa officinalis is a plant from the family Lamiaceae, native in Europe particularly in the Mediterranean region. Given our interest in identifying extracts and compounds capable of inhibiting tumor cell growth, and given the antioxidant content and the high consumption of Melissa officinalis in Portugal, this study aimed to test the tumor cell growth inhibitory activity of five different extracts of this plant (aqueous, methanolic, ethanolic, hydromethanolic and hydroethanolic) in three human tumor cell lines: MCF-7, AGS and NCI-H460. All extracts decreased cell growth in all cell lines in a concentration-dependent manner. The ethanolic extract was the most potent one, presenting a GI50 concentration of approximately 100.9 ìg mL-1 in the NCI-H460 lung cancer cells. This extract was characterized by LC-DAD-ESI/MS regarding its phenolic composition, revealing rosmarinic acid as the most abundant compound. The GI75 concentration of this extract affected the cell cycle profile of these cells. In addition, both the GI50 and the GI75 concentrations of the extract induced cellular apoptosis. Moreover, treatment of NCI-H460 cells with this extract caused a decrease in pro-caspase 3 and an increase in p53 levels. This study emphasizes the relevance of the study of natural products as inhibitors of tumor cell growth.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell Cycle', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Melissa', 'Plant Extracts']
| 29,790,547
|
[['D27.505.954.248.179'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['G04.144'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.583.520.474'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Curcumin inhibits proliferation of human lens epithelial cells: a proteomic analysis.
|
OBJECTIVE: The incidence of after-cataracts [also known as posterior capsular opacification (PCO)] is between 30% and 50% three years following cataract surgery. Suppressing the proliferation of lens epithelial cells (LECs) is a primary goal in preventing PCO. Here, we investigated the proteomic regulation of the inhibitory effects of curcumin (Cur) on the proliferation of human lens epithelial B3 (HLE-B3) cells.METHODS: Recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (rhbFGF) was used to induce proliferation of HLE-B3 cells, which were incubated with 20 mg/L Cur in a CO(2) incubator for 24 h.RESULTS: We found that the absorbance (A) value of rhbFGF group was significantly higher than the A value of the control group. Furthermore, the A value of the Cur group was significantly lower compared to the rhbFGF group, with an inhibition of 53.7%. Five different protein spots were obtained from proliferative HLE-B3 cells induced by rhbFGF. Eight different protein spots were obtained in HLE-B3 cells incubated with Cur. There were the common variational protein spots at mass/charge (m/z) ratios of 8093 and 13767 between rhbFGF group and control group as well as between the Cur group and rhbFGF group.CONCLUSIONS: These results show that Cur effectively inhibited HLE-B3 cell proliferation induced by rhbFGF. The protein spots at m/z of 8093 and 13767 may be the targets of Cur-induced inhibition of HLE-B3 cell proliferation. Cur may be a reliable and effective drug for prevention and treatment of polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
|
['Cell Line', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Curcumin', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Humans', 'Lens, Crystalline', 'Proteome']
| 22,556,179
|
[['A11.251.210'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['D02.455.326.146.485.222.222', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.200', 'D02.455.426.559.694.222'], ['A11.436'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A09.371.060.500'], ['D12.776.817']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The E-cigarette Social Environment, E-cigarette Use, and Susceptibility to Cigarette Smoking.
|
PURPOSE: One concern regarding the recent increase in adolescent e-cigarette use is the possibility that electronic (e-) cigarettes may be used by those who might not otherwise have used cigarettes, and that dual use, or transition to cigarette use alone, may follow.METHODS: Questionnaire data were obtained in 2014 from 11th/12th grade students attending schools in 12 communities included in the Southern California Children's Health Study. We evaluated the cross-sectional association between e-cigarette use, the social environment (family and friends' use and approval of e-cigarettes and cigarettes), and susceptibility to future cigarette use among never cigarette smokers (N = 1,694), using previously validated measures based on reported absence of a definitive commitment not to smoke.RESULTS: Among adolescents who had never used cigarettes, 31.8% of past e-cigarette users and 34.6% of current (past 30-day) e-cigarette users indicated susceptibility to cigarette use, compared with 21.0% of never e-cigarette users. The odds of indicating susceptibility to cigarette use were two times higher for current e-cigarette users compared with never users (odds ratio = 1.97; 95% confidence interval: 1.21-3.22). A social environment favorable to e-cigarettes (friends' use of and positive attitudes toward the use of e-cigarettes) was also associated with greater likelihood of susceptibility to cigarette use, independent of an individual's e-cigarette use.CONCLUSIONS: E-cigarette use in adolescence, and a pro-e-cigarette social environment, may put adolescents at risk for future use of cigarettes. E-cigarettes may contribute to subsequent cigarette use via nicotine addiction or social normalization of smoking behaviors.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adolescent Behavior', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Peer Influence', 'Risk', 'Smoking', 'Social Environment', 'Students', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Tobacco Products', 'United States']
| 27,161,417
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F01.145.022'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['J01.637.767.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.316.483.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['F01.145.805'], ['I01.880.853.500'], ['M01.848'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['J01.637.767.844'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Pharmacokinetics of 2-(alpha-thenoylthio)-propionylglycine (TTPG) in healthy volunteers--an oral dose-proportionality investigation.
|
The dose linearity of 2-(alpha-thenoylthio)-propionylglycine (TTPG) pharmacokinetics after a single oral administration at three different TTPG doses (180, 540 and 1080 mg) was evaluated in 12 healthy volunteers according to an open, randomized, cross-over study with a 1-week wash-out period between each administration. The duration of the study, for each subject, was 4 weeks. Plasma concentration and urinary excretion of TTPG and its two systemic metabolites, namely propionylglycine (tiopronin) and thiophenecarboxylic acid (TCA) were assayed by a previously well validated HPLC method. Due to differences in the physical and chemical properties of these compounds, two assays were needed, one to measure TTPG and TCA as such, and one to measure derivatized tiopronin. Both used UV detection. TTPG, tiopronin and TCA were quickly detected in plasma, suggesting that the drug administered is rapidly absorbed and biotransformed, in part, in the systemic circulation into the two metabolites noted above. Time-to-peak for all three analytes showed a trend to increase with increasing doses of TTPG, being: 0.42, 0.40 and 0.67 h (P < 0.01) with TTPG; 0.53, 0.47 and 0.73 h (P < 0.05) with TCA; and 1.33, 2.13 and 2.58 h (P < 0.01) with tiopronin. Cmax showed the opposite behaviour with values (ng ml-1) normalized to the dose of 540 mg: 1235, 905 and 513 (P < 0.001) with TTPG; 888, 547 and 383 (P < 0.001) with TCA; and 7290, 6950 and 5170 (P < 0.01) with tiopronin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Adult', 'Carboxylic Acids', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Expectorants', 'Female', 'Glycine', 'Half-Life', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet', 'Sulfides', 'Thiophenes', 'Tiopronin']
| 1,286,128
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D02.241'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D27.505.954.796.250'], ['D12.125.481'], ['G01.910.405'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802'], ['D01.248.497.158.874', 'D01.875.350.850', 'D02.886.520'], ['D02.886.778', 'D03.383.903'], ['D02.886.030.896', 'D12.125.166.896', 'D12.125.481.700.760']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Chemopreventive effects of coumaperine from pepper on the initiation stage of chemical hepatocarcinogenesis in the rat.
|
This study was designed to investigate the chemopreventive action of three natural products, coumaperine, aurapten and an extract from rosemary, against the initiation stage of rat hepato-carcinogenesis. Coumaperine has been isolated from white pepper as a naturally occurring antioxidative agent, but its potential modifying effects on carcinogenesis remain unclear. In experiment 1, a modification of the model developed by Tsuda et al. was applied, with assessment of numbers and areas of induced glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-P)-positive hepatocellular foci in male F344 rats. Coumaperine, aurapten and the extract from rosemary were administered i.g. at 100 mg / kg / day once daily for 5 days with initiation by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) on day 4 (20 mg / kg, i.p.). Numbers and areas of GST-P-positive foci in each group given test chemicals tended to be decreased as compared to the vehicle control group values, significance being achieved for number with coumaperine. Experiment 2 was planned to investigate the mechanism of the inhibitory effects of coumaperine. Livers at 8 h after initiation by DEN were examined with coumaperine administered at 100 mg / kg / day once daily for 3 days. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive cells tended to be decreased as compared to the vehicle control, but no effects on apoptosis or cytochrome P-450 (CYP) 2E1 expression were apparent. Our results suggest that coumaperine provides protection against initiation of hepatocarcinogenesis, and that this is related to inhibition of cell proliferation.
|
['Animals', 'Anticarcinogenic Agents', 'Apoptosis', 'Carcinogens', 'Cell Division', 'Coumarins', 'Diethylnitrosamine', 'Gene Expression', 'Glutathione Transferase', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Lamiaceae', 'Liver', 'Liver Neoplasms, Experimental', 'Male', 'Nucleolus Organizer Region', 'Piperidines', 'Plant Extracts', 'Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred F344', 'Silver Staining', 'Spices']
| 10,920,273
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.696.706.018', 'D27.505.954.248.125', 'D27.720.799.018'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D27.888.569.100'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['D03.383.663.283.446', 'D03.633.100.150.446'], ['D02.654.442.200'], ['G05.297'], ['D08.811.913.225.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.583.520'], ['A03.620'], ['C04.588.274.623.460', 'C04.619.540', 'C06.301.623.460', 'C06.552.697.580', 'E05.598.500.496.750'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.650', 'G05.360.160.650', 'G05.360.340.024.380.875'], ['D03.383.621'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D12.776.660.740', 'D23.050.290.750', 'D23.101.140.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.200', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.200'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.780', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.780', 'E05.200.500.620.670.780', 'E05.200.750.600.670.780'], ['G07.203.300.250.725', 'J02.500.250.725']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome: three additional cases and review of the literature.
|
We report on 3 patients with the cardio-facio-cutaneous (CFC) syndrome. Each of them was a sporadic case in the family. The severity of the psychomotor retardation varied from mild to severe. Skin manifestations were often minimal, but each patient had abnormally curly and brittle hair. A skin biopsy from one of the patients showed vellus hair cysts filled with keratin, and the hair follicles were surrounded by unusually thick fibrotic sheaths.
|
['Diagnosis, Differential', 'Facial Bones', 'Female', 'Heart Defects, Congenital', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Psychomotor Disorders', 'Skin Abnormalities', 'Skull', 'Syndrome']
| 1,481,834
|
[['E01.171'], ['A02.835.232.781.324'], ['C14.240.400', 'C14.280.400', 'C16.131.240.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C10.597.606.881', 'C23.888.592.604.882', 'F01.700.875'], ['C16.131.831', 'C17.800.804'], ['A02.835.232.781'], ['C23.550.288.500']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
International emergency medicine: a review of the literature.
|
The field of international emergency medicine has grown rapidly over the past several decades, with an increase in the number of interested individuals and in the range of topics included under its rubric. One of the greatest obstacles, however, faced by international emergency medicine researchers and practitioners alike remains the lack of a high-quality, consolidated, and easily accessible evidence base of literature. In response to this perceived need, members of the Emergency Medicine Residents' Association International Emergency Medicine Committee, in conjunction with members of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine International Interest Group, embarked on the task of creating a recurring review of international emergency medicine literature. Articles for this first annual review, covering research published in 2005, were selected according to explicit, predetermined criteria that included both methodological quality and perceived impact of the research. It is our hope that this annual review will act as a forum for disseminating best practices, while also stimulating further research in the field of international emergency medicine.
|
['Emergency Medicine', 'Evidence-Based Medicine', 'Global Health', 'Review Literature as Topic', 'Societies, Medical']
| 17,192,444
|
[['H02.403.250'], ['H02.249.750', 'H02.403.200.400'], ['H02.403.371', 'N01.400.337'], ['L01.178.682.759'], ['N03.540.828.589']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Therapeutic Effects of rAAV-Mediated Concomittant Gene Transfer and Overexpression of TGF-â and IGF-I on the Chondrogenesis of Human Bone-Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
|
Application of chondroreparative gene vectors in cartilage defects is a powerful approach to directly stimulate the regenerative activities of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that repopulate such lesions. Here, we investigated the ability of combined recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector-mediated delivery of the potent transforming growth factor beta (TGF-â) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) to enhance the processes of chondrogenic differentiation in human MSCs (hMSCs) relative to individual candidate treatments and to reporter (lacZ) gene condition. The rAAV-hTGF-â and rAAV-hIGF-I vectors were simultaneously provided to hMSC aggregate cultures (TGF-â/IGF-I condition) in chondrogenic medium over time (21 days) versus TGF-â/lacZ, IGF-I/lacZ, and lacZ treatments at equivalent vector doses. The cultures were then processed to monitor transgene (co)-overexpression, the levels of biological activities in the cells (cell proliferation, matrix synthesis), and the development of a chondrogenic versus osteogenic/hypertrophic phenotype. Effective, durable co-overexpression of TGF-â with IGF-I via rAAV enhanced the proliferative, anabolic, and chondrogenic activities in hMSCs versus lacZ treatment and reached levels that were higher than those achieved upon single candidate gene transfer, while osteogenic/hypertrophic differentiation was delayed over the period of time evaluated. These findings demonstrate the potential of manipulating multiple therapeutic rAAV vectors as a tool to directly target bone-marrow-derived MSCs in sites of focal cartilage defects and to locally enhance the endogenous processes of cartilage repair.
|
['Cell Differentiation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chondrocytes', 'Chondrogenesis', 'Gene Transfer Techniques', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Humans', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor I', 'Mesenchymal Stem Cells', 'Parvovirinae', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta']
| 31,137,788
|
[['G04.152'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.329.171'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.180', 'G11.427.578.180'], ['E05.393.350'], ['G05.360.337'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.937.400', 'D12.776.124.862.400', 'D12.776.467.937.400', 'D23.529.937.400'], ['A11.329.830.500', 'A11.872.590.500'], ['B04.280.580.650'], ['D12.644.276.374.687', 'D12.644.276.954.775', 'D12.776.467.374.687', 'D12.776.467.942.775', 'D23.529.374.687', 'D23.529.942.775']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Lack of seasonality of Amblyomma rotundatum (Acari: Ixodidade) on Rhinella jimi (Anura: Bufonidae) in a semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil.
|
Amblyomma rotundatum is an ixodid tick strictly associated with cold-blooded animals, among them the toad Rhinella jimi. This work aimed to evaluate the seasonal dynamics of larvae, nymphs, and adults of A. rotundatum parasitizing R. jimi in an area within the semi-arid Caatinga Biome of northeastern Brazil. Monthly sampling from February 2014 to January 2016 resulted in a total of 592 R. jimi toads captured and inspected for infestation by ticks, which were counted and identified. After the procedure, the toads were released with their ticks at the same capture site. During the study period, a total of 658 A. rotundatum were counted, comprising 497 larvae, 110 nymphs, and 51 females. The two-year mean abundances of larvae, nymphs, and adults were 0.84, 0.19, and 0.09, respectively. The two-year mean infestation intensities of larvae, nymphs, and adults were 3.65, 1.45, and 1.34, respectively. Comparing the monthly values of prevalence, mean abundance, and mean infestation intensity of A. rotundatum life stages, differences were observed between the first and second year of study; however, with no clear seasonal pattern.
|
['Animals', 'Brazil', 'Bufonidae', 'Desert Climate', 'Female', 'Ixodidae', 'Larva', 'Nymph', 'Population Dynamics', 'Seasons', 'Tick Infestations', 'Ticks']
| 29,934,040
|
[['B01.050'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.210'], ['G16.500.275.071.325', 'N06.230.300.100.250.325'], ['B01.050.500.131.166.132.832.400'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['B05.500.650', 'G07.345.500.550.500.650'], ['I01.240.600', 'N01.224.625', 'N06.850.505.400.700'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['C01.610.858.211.857'], ['B01.050.500.131.166.132.832']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[Size distribution of artificial and natural radioactive aerosols in the 30-kilometer zone of the Chernobyl AES in 1986-1996].
|
During 10 years after the Chernobyl accident the systematical measurings of size distributions of radioactive aerosols were conducted near the block-IV. In the ground level the active median aerodynamic diameters (AMAD) of 137Cs aerosols were ranged from 0.4 up to 1.4 microns in May, 1986. In that time the aerosol carriers of radioactive Te, Ru and I had AMAD 0.3 ... 0.5 micron. During 1987-1996 AMAD of aerosol of fission products of the Chernobyl accident was stable in range 4 ... 7 microns. Simultaneously concentrations and size distributions of natural radioactive aerosols were determined. The cosmogenic 7Be aerosols had AMAD 0.5 ... 0.7 micron. AMAD of the aerosols of daughter products of radon and thoron was found 0.4 ... 0.6 micron.
|
['Aerosols', 'Air Pollutants, Radioactive', 'Beryllium', 'Cesium Radioisotopes', 'Filtration', 'Lead Radioisotopes', 'Power Plants', 'Radioactive Hazard Release', 'Radioisotopes', 'Radon', 'Radon Daughters', 'Time Factors', 'Ukraine']
| 9,889,783
|
[['D20.280.055', 'D26.255.165.055'], ['D20.693.101', 'D27.888.284.101.393'], ['D01.268.552.075', 'D01.268.557.080', 'D01.552.547.080'], ['D01.268.549.125.500.300', 'D01.268.556.165.500.300', 'D01.496.180.300', 'D01.496.749.190', 'D01.552.528.160.500.300', 'D01.552.544.165.500.300'], ['E05.196.454', 'G01.280', 'G02.263'], ['D01.496.749.560'], ['J01.780', 'J03.540.680'], ['N06.850.135.848'], ['D01.496.749'], ['D01.268.271.800', 'D01.268.613.700', 'D01.362.641.745', 'D01.496.749.305.800'], ['D01.268.271.800.800', 'D01.268.613.700.500', 'D01.362.641.745.800', 'D01.496.749.305.800.500'], ['G01.910.857'], ['Z01.542.248.960', 'Z01.542.931.960', 'Z01.586.950.960']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Immunochemical isolation and characterization of vitellogenin mRNA from liver of estradiol-treated chicks.
|
Vitellogenin mRNA was purified through three steps. A heavy polysome fraction was obtained by discontinuous sucrose density gradient centrifugation, vitellogenin polysomes were immunoprecipitated with affinity-chromatography-purified anti-lipovitellin IgG and goat anti-rabbit IgG, the enriched mRNA was isolated on a poly(U)-Sepharose column. As judged by its specific activity in a reticulocyte lysate system, vitellogenin mRNA has been enriched a 1000-fold with a recovery of 30%. On 99% formamide 3.4% polyacrylamide gels vitellogenin mRNA has an Mr of 2.4-2.5 X 10(6) and codes for a peptide of Mr 240000, which under our incubation conditions is partially degraded to smaller peptides.
|
['Animals', 'Chickens', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Kinetics', 'Lipoproteins', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Polyribosomes', 'Precipitin Tests', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Vitellogenins']
| 947,754
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D10.532', 'D12.776.521'], ['A03.620'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811.740'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645', 'E05.196.150.639.500', 'E05.200.812.735.645', 'E05.478.594.760.645', 'E05.478.605.492'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.093.500.925', 'D12.776.290.812.500', 'D12.776.744.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation resuscitation for traumatic brain injury after decompressive craniotomy.
|
Acute cardiopulmonary failure in patients with increased intracranial pressure is a significant management challenge to physicians. We report on a 21-year-old patient with traumatic brain injury who developed intractable hypoxemia and hypotension after undergoing a decompressive craniotomy. Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was initiated to resuscitate the patient. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is considered contraindicated in patients with intracranial bleeding because systemic heparin is needed during the support of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. We describe our successful experience in tackling this dilemma.
|
['Adult', 'Brain', 'Brain Injuries', 'Decompression, Surgical', 'Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation', 'Glasgow Coma Scale', 'Humans', 'Hypoxia, Brain', 'Intracranial Hypotension', 'Intraoperative Complications', 'Male', 'Neurosurgical Procedures', 'Resuscitation', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 18,068,892
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211'], ['C10.228.140.199', 'C10.900.300.087', 'C26.915.300.200'], ['E04.188'], ['E02.880.301', 'E04.292.451'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.875.250', 'E05.944.500', 'N04.452.859.564.800.250', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.800.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.624', 'C23.888.852.079.797'], ['C10.228.140.638'], ['C23.550.505'], ['E04.525'], ['E02.365.647'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A standardized densitometric immunoblotting analysis of Candida albicans protein allergens.
|
Sera from 196 patients with a strong skin reactivity to Candida albicans and a history of atopic disease were used for C. albicans IgE-immunoblotting. The IgE-immunoblots were analysed by densitometry and integration of the densitogram peaks. A standardized reference disc system allowed parallel analysis of several different immunoblotting experiments. Altogether 105 patients had C. albicans-specific IgE antibodies in immunoblotting. The IgE-response against C. albicans was extremely polyspecific and was directed against 42 different bands. The most important IgE binding bands were 46 kDa and 27 kDa bands against which 44 (42%) and 29 (28%) patients, respectively, had IgE responses. A combination of IgE-immunoblotting and densitometry was found practical in analysis of large number of patient sera allowing a profound and accurate analysis and characterization of C. albicans allergen extract. This data evolved from a sufficiently large patient population can be utilized in further standardization of C. albicans extracts.
|
['Allergens', 'Candida albicans', 'Densitometry', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Humans', 'Immunoblotting', 'Immunoglobulin E']
| 7,600,382
|
[['D23.050.063'], ['B01.300.107.795.095.326', 'B01.300.381.147.326', 'B01.300.930.176.326'], ['E05.196.712.224'], ['D12.776.354'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.320', 'E05.601.470.320'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.312', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.312', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.312']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Thigh musculature in relation to chronic anterior cruciate ligament tear: muscle size, morphology, and mechanical output before reconstruction.
|
Eighteen male patients who had untreated chronic ACL rupture were studied in order to evaluate thigh muscle size, morphology, and isokinetic performance of the quadriceps muscle. Computed tomography disclosed a 5.1% mean atrophy of the quadriceps (P less than 0.05), 2.1% slight hypertrophy of the hamstrings (P less than 0.05), and also nonsignificant changes of all other muscle areas of the injured thigh. Muscle morphology (m. vastus lateralis) was normal in 11 biopsy specimens, whereas minor abnormalities (irregular shape or hypotrophy) could be seen in the rest. Isokinetic mechanical output of the knee extensors was 71% to 87% of that of the noninjured limb (P less than 0.01), and the mechanical output corrected for differences in quadriceps cross-sectional area was significantly lower in the injured than the uninjured limb. As there were no significant correlations between isokinetic performance and muscle size or qualitative morphology or morphometric data, the strength decrease cannot be explained by muscle atrophy or structural changes per se. We conclude that nonoptimal activation of the muscles during voluntary contractions is probably the most important causative mechanism of the strength decrease found in patients who have chronic symptomatic ACL tear.
|
['Adult', 'Chronic Disease', 'Humans', 'Joint Instability', 'Knee Injuries', 'Ligaments, Articular', 'Male', 'Muscles', 'Rupture', 'Thigh']
| 2,729,494
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.550.521'], ['C26.558.554'], ['A02.513.514', 'A02.835.583.512', 'A10.165.669.514'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['C26.761'], ['A01.378.610.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Studies on Streptococcus faecalis enterotoxin.
|
Streptococcus faecalis has been reported to cause food poisoning. Six strains of S. faecalis were tested for Sherman's criteria. These strains were non-hemolytic, DNase+ and Ent+. The enterotoxin was purified on Sephadex G-200 column and maximum activity was observed at 37 C and pH 7.0. Enterotoxin treated with trypsin and papain elicited very poor response to fluid accumulation. The sensitivity of all the strains against different antibiotics was determined. Strain 53 M was treated with acridine orange and ethidium bromide and a total of 44 Amps Strr and 3 Amps Strs mutants were tested for toxin production. Out of these only 4 were toxin negative, amongst which 3 were also DNase negative and 1 showed partial DNase activity.
|
['Acridine Orange', 'Animals', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Deoxyribonucleases', 'Enterococcus faecalis', 'Enterotoxins', 'Ethidium', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Rabbits', 'Temperature']
| 2,442,976
|
[['D03.633.300.046.250.150'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D08.811.277.352.335'], ['B03.353.750.250.250.280', 'B03.510.550.250.250.280'], ['D23.946.330'], ['D03.633.300.633.416'], ['G02.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Impact of near freezing temperature storage on postharvest quality and antioxidant capacity of two apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) cultivars.
|
To reduce the postharvest loss and improve apricot quality attributes, near freezing temperature (NFT) technology was applied to store apricot cultivars (var. "Xiaobai" and "Daliguang"). The NFT storage temperatures for the "Xiaobai" apricot and "Daliguang" apricot were determined as -1.9 to -2.3°C and -1.2 to -1.6°C, respectively. Storage at NFT significantly improved the storage quality of apricots by suppressing respiration rate, ethylene production, decay rate, internal browning index, membrane permeability, and malondialdehyde content. Apricots stored at NFT maintained higher firmness, total soluble solids, titrable acid, total phenolics, total flavonoids, and ascorbic acid content than those stored at 0-1°C. Additionally, NFT storage enhanced the capacity of radical scavenging and metal chelating, antioxidant properties in apricots compared to those stored at 0-1°C. Hence, NFT storage proved to be an effective method to improve the quality and antioxidant attributes of apricots. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This study explored the effect of storage at near freezing temperature (NFT) on the postharvest quality of two cultivars of apricot (var. "Xiaobai" and "Daliguang"). We found that storage for 70 days at NFT resulted in better edible quality compared to storage at 0-1°C and 4-6°C. Apricot quality was determined in terms of respiration rate, ethylene production, decay rate, internal browning index, membrane permeability, malondialdehyde content, firmness, total soluble solids, titrable acid, total phenolics, total flavonoids, and ascorbic acid content. The antioxidant properties of the fruits were also retained during storage at NFT. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the preservative industry because it demonstrates the superiority of NFT storage over low temperature for apricots.
|
['Antioxidants', 'Ascorbic Acid', 'Cold Temperature', 'Ethylenes', 'Flavonoids', 'Food Storage', 'Free Radical Scavengers', 'Fruit', 'Malondialdehyde', 'Phenols', 'Prunus armeniaca', 'Respiratory Rate']
| 31,353,735
|
[['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D02.241.081.844.107', 'D02.241.511.902.107', 'D09.811.100'], ['G01.906.595.272', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.300', 'G16.500.750.775.710.300', 'N06.230.300.100.725.154', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.300'], ['D02.455.326.271.367'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450'], ['J01.576.423.200.387'], ['D27.505.519.217.500'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['D02.047.700'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.937.500.625.375'], ['E01.370.600.875.875', 'G09.772.705.730']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A non-P-glycoprotein-mediated mechanism of vincristine transport which is affected by resistance modifiers and present in chemosensitive cells.
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The accumulation and cytotoxicity of vincristine (Vcr), etoposide (VP16), and daunorubicin (Dau) and effect of the resistance modifiers (RM) verapamil (Ver; 10 microM) and cyclosporin A (CyA; 3 microM) were studied in isolated rat cardiac myocytes, peripheral lymphocytes from seven patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), in the human leukemic cell line K562 and its two Vcr resistant mdr1 gene expressing sublines, K562/Vcr30, K562/Vcr150. Both RMs increased the accumulation and cytotoxic effect of Vcr and Dau in the resistant sublines. In K562 cells, lymphocytes from patients with CLL and rat cardiac myocytes, which all were mdr1 RNA negative RMs increased the cellular accumulation and potentiated the cytotoxic effect of Vcr but not that of Dau. K562/Vcr30 and K562/Vcr150 were cross resistant to Dau but not to VP16 and RMs had no effect on the cytotoxicity of VP16 in any of cell lines. The results indicate that chemosensitive cells also have a transport mechanism, not mediated by P-glycoprotein, which transports Vcr but not Dau and VP16. This suggests that addition of RMs to Vcr-containing chemotherapy may enhance the antineoplastic effect also by inhibition of non-P-glycoprotein mediated transport mechanisms.
|
['ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1', 'Animals', 'Biological Transport', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Cell Survival', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cyclosporine', 'Daunorubicin', 'Drug Interactions', 'Drug Resistance', 'Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor', 'Gene Expression', 'Heart', 'Humans', 'Leukemia, Experimental', 'Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell', 'Lymphocytes', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Myocardium', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Verapamil', 'Vincristine']
| 7,911,547
|
[['D12.776.157.530.100.075.063', 'D12.776.157.530.450.074.500.500.250.125', 'D12.776.395.550.020.400.153', 'D12.776.543.550.192.400.153', 'D12.776.543.585.100.200.125', 'D12.776.543.585.450.074.500.500.250.125'], ['B01.050'], ['G03.143'], ['D12.776.157'], ['G04.346'], ['A11.251'], ['D04.345.566.235.300', 'D12.644.641.235.300'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200', 'D04.615.562.050.200', 'D09.408.051.059.200'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['G07.690.773.984'], ['E01.370.225.500.388', 'E05.200.500.388', 'E05.242.417', 'E05.337.550.200'], ['G05.297'], ['A07.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.337.372', 'C04.619.531', 'E05.598.500.496.500'], ['C04.557.337.428.080.125', 'C15.604.515.560.080.125', 'C20.683.515.528.080.125'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['A11.251.860'], ['D02.092.471.683.953'], ['D03.132.436.681.827.817', 'D03.633.100.473.402.681.827.817', 'D03.633.100.496.500.500.681.827.817']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Elevated YB-1 expression is a new unfavorable prognostic factor in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.
|
BACKGROUND: Y-Box-binding protein-1 (YB-1) acts as a transcription factor for multiple genes and is linked to DNA replication and repair, cell proliferation and resistance to cytostatic drugs.PATIENTS AND METHODS: The prognostic value of YB-1 expression in primarily untreated malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) was examined using immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Expression of YB-1 was detected in 48 out of 56 NHLs, and the immunohistochemical reaction was localized exclusively in the cytoplasm. Expression of YB-1 did not correlate with clinicopathological variables. Patients with higher YB-1 expression had shorter progression-free survival during the entire period of observation (p=0.0434), as well as in the course of 30 months' observation (p=0.0253). Additionally, in the course of 50 months' observation, patients with higher expression of YB-1 demonstrated a shorter overall survival time (p=0.0383) and a shorter progression-free survival (p=0.0309).CONCLUSION: Elevated YB-1 expression may represent a new unfavorable prognostic factor.
|
['Adult', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Y-Box-Binding Protein 1']
| 21,868,545
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['C04.557.386.480', 'C15.604.515.569.480', 'C20.683.515.761.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['D12.776.260.108.124.937', 'D12.776.660.167.937', 'D12.776.930.127.124.937']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
River restoration success depends on the species pool of the immediate surroundings.
|
Previous studies evaluating the success of river restorations have rarely found any consistent effects on benthic invertebrate assemblages. In this study, we analyzed data from 24 river restoration projects in Germany dating back 1 to 12 years and 1231 data sets from adjacent river reaches that lie within 0-5, 5-10, and 10-15 km rings centered on the restored sites. We calculated restoration success and recolonization potential of adjacent river reaches based on stream-type-specific subsets of taxa indicative for good or bad habitat quality. On average, the restorations did not improve the benthic invertebrate community quality. However, we show that restoration success depends on the presence of source populations of desired taxa in the surrounding of restored sites. Only where source populations of additional desired taxa existed within a 0-5 km ring around the restored sites were benthic invertebrate assemblages improved by the restoration. Beyond the 5-km rings, this recolonization effect was no longer detected. We present here the first field results to support the debated argument that a lack of source populations in the areas surrounding restored sites may play an important role in the failure to establish desired invertebrate communities by the means of river restorations. In contrast, long-range dispersal of invertebrates seems to play a subordinate role in the recolonization of restored sites. However, because the surroundings of the restored sites were far from good ecological quality, the potential for improvement of restored sites was limited.
|
['Animals', 'Conservation of Natural Resources', 'Ecosystem', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Environmental Restoration and Remediation', 'Invertebrates', 'Population Dynamics', 'Rivers']
| 21,939,037
|
[['B01.050'], ['J01.256', 'N06.230.080'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['N06.230.080.600', 'N06.850.460.375'], ['B01.050.500'], ['I01.240.600', 'N01.224.625', 'N06.850.505.400.700'], ['G01.311.750', 'G16.500.275.280.650', 'N06.230.232.650']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Neurogenic adaptation contributes to the afferent response to mechanical stimulation.
|
This study aimed to characterize the effect of mechanical stimuli on mesenteric afferent nerve signaling in the isolated rat jejunum in vitro. This was done to determine the effect of mechanical stresses and strains relative to nonmechanical parameters (neurogenic adaptation). Mechanical stimulations were applied to a segment of jejunum from 15 rats using ramp distension with water at three rates of distension, a relaxation test (volume maintained constant from initial pressure of 20 or 40 mmHg), and a creep test (pressure maintained constant). Circumferential stress and strain and the spike rate increase ratio were calculated for evaluation of afferent nerve activity during the mechanical stimulations. Ramp distension evoked two distinct phases of afferent nerve signaling as a function of circumferential stress or strain. Changing the volume distension rate did not change the stress-strain relationship, but faster distension rate increased the afferent firing rate (P < 0.05). In the stress relaxation test, the spike rate declined faster and to a greater extent than the stress. In the creep test, the spike rate declined, despite a small increase in the strain. Three classes of mechanosensitive single-afferent units (low, wide dynamic range, and high threshold units) showed different response profiles against stress and strain. Low-threshold units exhibited a near linear relationship against the strain (R(2) = 0.8095), whereas high-threshold units exhibited a linear profile against the stress (R(2) = 0.9642). The afferent response is sensitive to the distension speed and to the stress and strain level during distension. However, the afferent nerve response is not a simple function of either stress or strain. Nonmechanical time-dependent adaptive responses other than those related to viscoelasticity also play a role.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Afferent Pathways', 'Animals', 'Jejunum', 'Male', 'Mechanoreceptors', 'Mechanotransduction, Cellular', 'Neurogenesis', 'Neuronal Plasticity', 'Physical Stimulation', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar']
| 22,345,553
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['A08.612.220'], ['B01.050'], ['A03.556.124.684.500', 'A03.556.249.750'], ['A08.675.650.915.750', 'A08.800.950.750', 'A11.671.650.915.750'], ['G01.154.090.500', 'G02.111.820.580', 'G04.835.580'], ['G04.152.912', 'G07.345.500.325.377.687', 'G08.686.784.170.450.500', 'G11.561.620'], ['G11.561.638'], ['E05.723'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Verbal priming and taste sensitivity make moral transgressions gross.
|
The aims of the present study were to assess whether: (a) visceral and moral disgust share a common oral origin (taste); (b) moral transgressions that are also viscerally involving are evaluated accordingly as a function of individual differences in taste sensitivity; (c) verbal priming interacts with taste sensitivity to alter how disgust is experienced in moral transgressions; and (d) whether gender moderates these effects. Standard tests of disgust sensitivity, a questionnaire developed for this research assessing different types of moral transgressions (nonvisceral, implied-visceral, visceral) with the terms "angry" and "grossed-out," and a taste sensitivity test of 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) were administered to 102 participants. Results confirmed past findings that the more sensitive to PROP a participant was the more disgusted they were by visceral, but not moral, disgust elicitors. Importantly, the findings newly revealed that taste sensitivity had no bearing on evaluations of moral transgressions, regardless of their visceral nature, when "angry" was the emotion primed. However, when "grossed-out" was primed for evaluating moral violations, the more intense PROP tasted to a participant the more "grossed-out" they were by all transgressions. Women were generally more disgust sensitive and morally condemning than men, but disgust test, transgression type, and priming scale modulated these effects. The present findings support the proposition that moral and visceral disgust do not share a common oral origin, but show that linguistic priming can transform a moral transgression into a viscerally repulsive event and that susceptibility to this priming varies as a function of an individual's sensitivity to the origins of visceral disgust-bitter taste.
|
['Adolescent', 'Affect', 'Emotions', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Morals', 'Repetition Priming', 'Sex Factors', 'Taste Perception', 'Young Adult']
| 24,512,062
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F01.470.047'], ['F01.470'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.500', 'K01.752.566'], ['F02.463.425.540.739'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['F02.463.593.817'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Local labor markets, children and labor force participation of wives.
|
Most research on married women's labor force participation relates characteristics of individual women to their probability of labor force participation. Some studies relate characteristics of geographic areas to average labor force participation rates in those areas, although these aggregate level analyses are usually gross tests of ideas about individual-level processes. Here we take a quintessentially sociological perspective and seek to understand how characteristics of geographic areas structure the relationship between properties of individual women and their probabilities of labor force participation. Our analysis has two steps. In step one, we fit individual-level probit models of married women's probability of labor force participation. A separate model is fitted in each of 409 areas using 1970 Census data, and the relationship between individual characteristics and labor force participation is found to vary substantially across areas. In step two, we attempt to explain areal variation in the effects of women's children on their labor force participation. We hypothesize that the effect of children on their mothers' labor force participation is a function of the cost and availability of childcare , and of the "convenience" of jobs for working mothers in the places where the mothers live. Measures of childcare cost, childcare availability and job convenience are developed. Weighted least squares analyses of probit coefficients from the first stage are, in general, very consistent with our findings, and suggest that the approach taken in this paper is likely to be a fruitful one for future studies.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Child Care', 'Child, Preschool', 'Employment', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Probability', 'United States', 'Women', 'Women, Working']
| 6,734,855
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['I01.880.787.293.360', 'N02.421.088'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['N01.824.245'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E05.599'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['M01.975'], ['M01.975.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Spontaneous cutaneous mast cell tumor with lymph node metastasis in a Richardson's ground squirrel (Spermophilus richardsonii).
|
A 4-year-old female Richardson's ground squirrel (Spermophilus richardsonii) presented with multicentric nodules arising from the skin of the middle of the tail and lumbosacral regions. Histologically, the nodules were composed of a proliferation of spindloid to pleomorphic cells that sometimes formed sheets and fascicular to storiform patterns. Diffuse infiltration of eosinophils was also noted. The results of immunohistochemistry indicated positive labeling for vimentin, mast cell tryptase, c-kit, and Ki-67. Toluidine blue stain revealed fine, metachromatic, cytoplasmic granules. The histologic diagnosis was mast cell tumor. The neoplasm recurred and metastasized to the right lumbar lymph node 1 month later.
|
['Animals', 'Female', 'Lymphoma', 'Mastocytoma, Skin', 'Rodent Diseases', 'Sciuridae']
| 19,139,521
|
[['B01.050'], ['C04.557.386', 'C15.604.515.569', 'C20.683.515.761'], ['C04.557.450.565.465.249.500', 'C04.557.450.565.465.500.500', 'C17.800.508.236.500', 'C17.800.508.473.500'], ['C22.795'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pharmacokinetics of oxaliplatin in patients with normal versus impaired renal function.
|
PURPOSE: The pharmacokinetics (PK) of platinum was investigated and compared in patients with normal (NRF) and impaired renal function (IRF), after they had received oxaliplatin at the recommended dose and delivery modality.METHODS: Oxaliplatin was administered at 130 mg/m(2) as a 2-h infusion without hydration. Patients were recruited and classified according to their creatinine clearance (CrCl > or < 60 ml/min), calculated using the Cockcroft and Gault formula. Blood was taken for PK analysis during and after the infusion. Twenty-three patients were included in the PK analysis (13 NRF and 10 IRF). At inclusion, the median CrCls were 70.5 ml/min (range 63-136) for the NRF group and 42 ml/min (range 27-57) for the IRF group. Three patients underwent a second course of treatment and additional blood sampling for analysis. Platinum levels in the plasma, ultrafiltrate and red blood cells (RBCs) were measured using flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS).RESULTS: Following the administration of oxaliplatin, platinum binding to plasma proteins and RBCs was rapid and extensive; at the end of the 2-h infusion, 27% of the platinum in the plasma remained free (40% bound to RBCs, 33% bound to plasma proteins). Neither the mean maximal concentration (C(max)) of total platinum in the plasma, the mean C(max) of ultrafilterable platinum in the plasma, nor the maximal platinum content in the RBCs differed significantly between the two groups (2.59 vs 2.58 microg/ml, 1.09 vs 1.28 microg/ml and 2. 06 vs 2.17 microg/ml, respectively, for patients with NRF vs IRF). After the end of the infusion, levels of total and free (ultrafilterable) platinum in the plasma declined biexponentially. The plasma clearance of both total and free platinum as well as the area under the curve (AUC) of the free platinum fraction correlate with the calculated CrCl (P=9 x 10(-3), P=3.1 x 10(-5) and P=9 x 10(-6), respectively). After a single course of oxaliplatin, toxicities reported in the two groups of patients were similar.CONCLUSIONS: Our results are in agreement with the in vitro data concerning the extensive binding of oxaliplatin to plasma proteins and RBCs. They also reveal a strong negative correlation between free drug plasma availability and renal function, with a corresponding positive correlation between clearance of the plasmatic platinum and renal function. Thus, renal impairment entails a greater overall exposure to platinum in the plasma. However, this study failed to elicit any relationship between moderate renal impairment and the acute toxicity associated with oxaliplatin.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Creatinine', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infusions, Intravenous', 'Kidney Diseases', 'Kidney Function Tests', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms', 'Organoplatinum Compounds', 'Oxaliplatin']
| 10,663,631
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.082.500', 'E02.319.267.510.590'], ['C12.777.419', 'C13.351.968.419'], ['E01.370.390.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04'], ['D02.691.788'], ['D02.257.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Analysis of dementia patient mortality in a psychogeriatric unit].
|
AIM: To determine the characteristics of patients with dementia who died in a psychogeriatric unit, and to describe the conditions that led to their death.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Observational study of patients who died in the Psychogeriatric unit of Hospital de la Santa Creu de Vic during a three and a half year period.RESULTS: Of the 554 patients admitted during the study period, we recorded a mortality of 14.6% (81 patients). The analysis of those who died showed that 67.9% were women, with a mean age of 85.8 years, with the most frequent cause being Alzheimer type dementia (37%) and being in an advanced stage (CDR3, GDS 6-7) in 72.8% of cases. On admission the following characteristics were recorded: Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) 9.5, Barthel Index (BI) prior to entry 50.1, BI on admission 17.4, and Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) 31.4. A therapeutic limitation treatment was determined for 84% of patients on admission. From the analysis of the conditions that lead to death it was noted that: In 74.1% of the patients the death was a direct result of a triggering event (the most frequent being respiratory infection), in 17.3% the death occurred by a gradual decline, with no clear precipitating factor, and in 8.6% of patients palliative sedation was required due to poorly controlled symptoms.CONCLUSIONS: Intercurrent problems were the most common factors related to the death of the patients. Most patients died in the stages prior to the established criteria for terminal dementia. In some cases patients may experience disorder behavior as a refractory symptom.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cause of Death', 'Dementia', 'Female', 'Geriatrics', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Hospital Units', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Psychiatry', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 23,122,479
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.250', 'N01.224.935.698.100', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.250', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.250'], ['C10.228.140.380', 'F03.615.400'], ['H02.403.355'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.400', 'N01.224.935.698.400', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.400', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.400'], ['N02.278.388'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.096.544', 'H02.403.690'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Usefulness of iodine/creatinine ratio from spot-urine samples to evaluate the effectiveness of low-iodine diet preparation for radioiodine therapy.
|
OBJECTIVE: The success of a low-iodine diet (LID) is best determined by measurement of 24-h urine iodine (U-I) excretion. The aim of this study was to determine reliable estimates for 24-h U-I based on spot-urine samples and to provide cut-offs to determine the effectiveness of LID preparation.DESIGN: We prospectively measured iodine levels in 193 patients based on 24-h- and spot-urine samples before radioactive iodine therapy. The iodine was expressed as the 24-h U-I excretion (microg/day) and as two different indices from spot urine, simple iodine concentration (simple I) and the iodine/creatinine (I/Cr) ratio. Poor LID preparation was defined as I excretion of >150 microg/day according to the 24-h U-I measurement.RESULTS: The measured 24-h U-I was significantly higher than the two indices from spot urine (P < 0.001). However, there were statistically significant correlations between the 24-h U-I values and the two spot-urine-based indices; the correlation coefficient was 0.539 for simple I and 0.773 for I/Cr ratio (P < 0.001). The cut-off of I/Cr ratio for poor LID preparation was >66.2 microg/g Cr (sensitivity 96.4%, specificity 83.6%, positive predictive value 50.0% and negative predictive value 99.3%).CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that the I/Cr ratio from spot urine could serve as a useful and reliable alternative to 24-h urine collection as it has acceptable diagnostic values for detecting poor LID preparation.
|
['Adult', 'Creatinine', 'Diet', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Iodine', 'Iodine Radioisotopes', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Urinalysis']
| 20,050,860
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.380.400'], ['D01.268.380.400.500.496', 'D01.496.448.496', 'D01.496.749.474'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.225.124.810', 'E01.370.390.810', 'E05.200.124.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of dietary exposure of 4-nonylphenol on growth and smoltification of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch).
|
There is considerable concern that endocrine disrupting substances such as 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) in the freshwater environment may have adverse effects on the growth, survival, and osmoregulatory ability of salmonids during and after their transfer to sea water. This study was conducted to examine the effects of dietary exposure of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) to 4-NP during the parr-smolt transformation phase of their life cycle. Under laboratory conditions, juvenile fish were fed by hand twice daily to satiation diets dosed with one of several concentrations of 4-NP (doses varied between 0 (control) and 2000 mg/kg) for 4 weeks, then immediately transferred to sea water. Growth was observed for two successive 6-week periods following sea water transfer when all groups were fed the control diet (no supplemental 4-NP) only. In addition to 4-NP measurement in fish tissues, thyroid hormone concentrations in blood plasma were followed and related to diet treatment and sampling time. Dietary treatment of 4-NP did not influence the growth and smoltification of coho salmon, a result that conflicts to some extent with other reports in which deleterious effects of water-borne 4-NP on the smoltification process of salmonids were linked to disruption of the endocrine system. Appreciable concentrations of 4-NP were present in the livers, gall bladders and tissues after the 4-week exposure of coho salmon to the highest dietary dose of 4-NP, but 4-NP appeared to be effectively eliminated from the fish by the biliary-fecal pathway after sea water transfer.
|
['Animals', 'Diet', 'Endocrine Disruptors', 'Food Analysis', 'Gallbladder', 'Liver', 'Muscles', 'Oncorhynchus kisutch', 'Phenols', 'Thyroxine', 'Triiodothyronine', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 16,198,671
|
[['B01.050'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['D27.505.696.353', 'D27.888.141'], ['E05.362', 'J01.576.423.850.100'], ['A03.159.439'], ['A03.620'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.817.750.705.580.410'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['D06.472.931.812', 'D12.125.072.050.767'], ['D06.472.931.740.385', 'D12.125.072.050.767.741.894'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Estradiol is concentrated in tyrosine hydroxylase-containing neurons of the hypothalamus.
|
Localization of [3H]estradiol in tyrosine hydroxylase-containing neurons of rat brain was shown by a combined technique of autoradiography and immunohistochemistry. [3H]Estradiol was concentrated in the nuclei of tyrosine hydroxylase-containing neurons in the nucleus arcuatus, nucleus periventricularis hypothalami, and the zona incerta. These results suggest that estradiol acts directly on dopamine-producing neurons of the tuberoinfundibular system and incertohypothalamic system.
|
['Animals', 'Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Hypothalamus', 'Neurons', 'Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase']
| 6,141,639
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211.180.497.352.081', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.081'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['A08.186.211.180.497', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['A08.186.211.180.497.342.400', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.342.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.923', 'D12.776.556.579.374.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Y chromosome analysis of dingoes and southeast asian village dogs suggests a neolithic continental expansion from Southeast Asia followed by multiple Austronesian dispersals.
|
Dogs originated more than 14,000 BP, but the location(s) where they first arose is uncertain. The earliest archeological evidence of ancient dogs was discovered in Europe and the Middle East, some 5-7 millennia before that from Southeast Asia. However, mitochondrial DNA analyses suggest that most modern dogs derive from Southeast Asia, which has fueled the controversial hypothesis that dog domestication originated in this region despite the lack of supporting archeological evidence. We propose and investigate with Y chromosomes an alternative hypothesis for the proximate origins of dogs from Southeast Asia--a massive Neolithic expansion of dogs from this region that largely replaced more primitive dogs to the west and north. Previous attempts to test matrilineal findings with independent patrilineal markers have lacked the necessary genealogical resolution and mutation rate estimates. Here, we used Y chromosome genotypes, composed of 29 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) and 5 single tandem repeats (STRs), from 338 Australian dingoes, New Guinea singing dogs, and village dogs from Island Southeast Asia, along with modern European breed dogs, to estimate the evolutionary mutation rates of Y chromosome STRs based on calibration to the independently known age of the dingo population. Dingoes exhibited a unique haplogroup characterized by a single distinguishing SNP mutation and 14 STR haplotypes. The age of the European haplogroup was estimated to be only 1.7 times older than that of the dingo population, suggesting an origin during the Neolithic rather than the Paleolithic (as predicted by the Southeast Asian origins hypothesis). We hypothesize that isolation of Neolithic dogs from wolves in Southeast Asia was a key step accelerating their phenotypic transformation, enhancing their value in trade and as cargo, and enabling them to rapidly expand and replace more primitive dogs to the West. Our findings also suggest that dingoes could have arrived in Australia directly from Taiwan, independently of later dispersals of dogs through Thailand to Island Southeast Asia.
|
['Animals', 'Asia, Southeastern', 'Dogs', 'Haplotypes', 'Mutation', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Tandem Repeat Sequences', 'Y Chromosome']
| 23,408,799
|
[['B01.050'], ['Z01.252.145'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['G05.380.360'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.800', 'G05.360.080.708.800', 'G05.360.340.024.850'], ['A11.284.187.865.983', 'G05.360.162.865.983']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Massive lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage caused by a large extraluminal leiomyoma of the colon: report of a case.
|
The occurrence of leiomyoma of the colon is uncommon. Most of these lesions are clinically silent and are found incidentally during laparotomy or endoscopic procedures for unrelated conditions. Symptomatic leiomyomas of the colon are encountered less frequently, with only sporadic reports in the literatures. We describe a heretofore unreported case of a large extraluminal leiomyoma of the sigmoid colon presenting as massive lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Because it was extraluminal in position, it was difficult to make an accurate diagnosis endoscopically and the condition was easily misdiagnosed as angiodysplasia of the colon until CT scan results were seen. Although rare and benign in nature, leiomyoma of the colon may cause life-threatening complications that require emergency surgery and should be included in the differential diagnosis of lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
|
['Aged', 'Angiography', 'Colectomy', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Colonoscopy', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Leiomyoma', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 18,408,972
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.350.700.060', 'E01.370.370.050'], ['E04.210.219'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['E01.370.372.250.250.200', 'E01.370.388.250.250.250.160', 'E04.210.240.250.160', 'E04.502.250.250.250.160'], ['E01.171'], ['C06.405.227', 'C23.550.414.788'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.450.590.450'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Periphyton bioconcentrates pesticides downstream of catchment dominated by agricultural land use.
|
Periphyton provides important ecosystem services in aquatic environments, including supporting diverse consumers. We studied pesticide bioconcentration in periphyton in a coastal marsh on Lake Erie. The marsh is within a protected area (Rondeau Provincial Park) but receives discharge from tributaries draining intensively farmed land. Periphyton bioconcentrated 20 pesticide chemicals above levels observed in adjacent water or sediment. Average bioconcentration factors ranged from 12 times for the herbicide dicamba to 6864 times for the fungicide boscalid on a dry-weight basis. Bioconcentration factors were not linearly related to pesticides' log Kow, log Koc, or water solubility (simple linear regressions, p > 0.43). The removal of pesticides from ambient water represents another valuable ecosystem service provided by periphyton. However, we caution that bioconcentration of pesticides in periphyton provides a mechanism through which contemporary and legacy pesticides may enter wetland food webs.
|
['Agriculture', 'Food Chain', 'Fungicides, Industrial', 'Herbicides', 'Periphyton', 'Pesticides', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 31,731,130
|
[['J01.040'], ['G16.500.275.157.250', 'N06.230.124.250'], ['D27.720.031.700.288', 'D27.888.723.288'], ['D27.720.031.700.366', 'D27.888.723.366'], ['B05.080.250', 'G06.591.937', 'G16.500.275.157.049.100.500.937', 'N06.230.124.049.100.500.875'], ['D27.720.031.700', 'D27.888.723'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
On B1 inhomogeneity correction of in vivo human brain glutamate chemical exchange saturation transfer contrast at 7T.
|
The effects of radio frequency field (B(1)) inhomogeneity on measured in vivo human brain glutamate chemical exchange saturation transfer contrast maps are normally confounded with contributions from chemical exchange saturation transfer, direct saturation and magnetization transfer effects. Consequently, the chemical exchange saturation transfer effect variation with B(1) follows a complicated function and depends on the tissue types as well. In this work, we developed and tested a novel approach for B(1) inhomogeneity correction based on acquiring calibration data at a coarsely sampled B(1) values in conjunction with the measured B(1) maps. With this approach, different calibration curves are derived for gray matter and white matter instead of a simple linear scaling based on local B(1) values. Potential extensions of this approach to study chemical exchange saturation transfer contrast from other metabolites and tissue types are discussed.
|
['Adult', 'Algorithms', 'Artifacts', 'Brain', 'Glutamic Acid', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Male', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 22,511,396
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E05.047'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D12.125.067.625.349', 'D12.125.119.409.349', 'D12.125.427.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Serum Markers Associated with Severity and Outcome of Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome.
|
BACKGROUND: Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is caused by Andes virus (ANDV) and related hantaviruses in the Americas. Despite a fatality rate of 40%, the pathogenesis of HPS is poorly understood and factors associated with severity, fatality, and survival remain elusive.METHODS: Ninety-three ANDV-infected HPS patients, of whom 34 had a fatal outcome, were retrospectively studied. Serum levels of cytokines and other inflammation-associated markers were analyzed using multiplex immunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Associations with disease severity, fatal outcome, and survival were identified using logistic regression.RESULTS: HPS patients exhibited increased serum levels of markers associated with inflammation, intestinal damage, and microbial translocation compared to controls. Patients with fatal outcome displayed higher levels of interleukin (IL) 6, IL-10, interferon-ã, soluble tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, and intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP) than survivors. Levels of complement factor 5/5a were higher in survivors compared with fatal cases. IL-6 and I-FABP, the latter a marker for intestinal damage, were by multivariate analyses identified as independent markers associated with disease severity (odds ratio [OR], 2.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-5.01) and fatal outcome (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.01-2.64), respectively.CONCLUSIONS: HPS patients displayed a multifaceted, systemic inflammatory response, with IL-6 and I-FABP as independent markers of disease severity and fatality, respectively.
|
['Adult', 'Biomarkers', 'Cytokines', 'Female', 'Hantavirus', 'Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Severity of Illness Index']
| 30,698,699
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D23.101'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['B04.820.480.750.440'], ['C01.925.782.147.420.380', 'C08.618.846.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Hydrogen uptake in Nostoc sp. strain PCC 73102. Cloning and characterization of a hupSL homologue.
|
Structural genes encoding an uptake hydrogenase of Nostoc sp. strain PCC 73102 were isolated. From partial libraries of genomic DNA, two clones (pNfo01 and pNfo02) were selected and sequenced, revealing the complete sequence of both a hupS (960 bases) and a hupL (1,593 bases) homologue in Nostoc sp. strain PCC 73102. A comparison between the deduced amino acid sequences of HupS and HupL of Nostoc sp. strain PCC 73102 and Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 showed that the HupS proteins are 89% identical and the HupL proteins are 91% identical. However, the noncoding region between the genes in Nostoc sp. strain PCC 73102 (192 bases) is longer than that of Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 and of many other microorganisms. Southern hybridizations using DNA from both N2-fixing and non-N2-fixing cells of Nostoc sp. strain PCC 73102 and different probes from within hupL clearly demonstrated that, in contrast to Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120, there is no rearrangement within hupL of Nostoc sp. strain PCC 73102. Indeed, 6 nucleotides out of 16 within the potential recombination site are different from those of Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120. Furthermore, we have recently published evidence demonstrating the absence of the bidirectional/reversible hydrogenase in Nostoc sp. strain PCC 73102. The present knowledge, in combination with the unique characteristics, makes Nostoc sp. strain PCC 73102 an interesting candidate for the study of deletion mutants lacking the uptake-type enzyme.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Base Sequence', 'Blotting, Southern', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Cyanobacteria', 'DNA Primers', 'DNA Probes', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Hydrogen', 'Hydrogenase', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Nitrogen Fixation', 'Open Reading Frames', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid']
| 9,531,626
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D12.776.097'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.196.401.114', 'E05.301.300.087', 'E05.601.150'], ['E05.393.220'], ['B03.280', 'B03.440.475.100'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D13.444.600.223', 'D27.505.259.750.600.223', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['D01.268.406', 'D01.362.340'], ['D08.811.682.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.071.630', 'G02.111.587.750', 'G02.607.560.750', 'G03.087.630', 'G06.625', 'G16.500.768.600'], ['G05.360.335.760.640', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.650'], ['E05.393.751'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Lung ultrasound in internal medicine efficiently drives the management of patients with heart failure and speeds up the discharge time.
|
Lung ultrasound (LUS) is a valid tool for the assessment of heart failure (HF) through the quantification of the B-lines. This study in HF patients aims to evaluate if LUS: (1) can accelerate the discharge time; (2) can efficiently drive diuretic therapy dosage; and (3) may have better performance compared to the amino-terminal portion of B type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels in monitoring HF recovery. A consecutive sample of 120 HF patients was admitted from the Emergency Department (ED) to the Internal Medicine Department (Verona University Hospital). The Chest X-ray (CXR) group underwent standard CXR examination on admission and discharge. The LUS group underwent LUS on admission, 24, 48 and 72 h later, and on discharge. The Inferior Cava Vein Collapsibility Index, ICVCI, and the NT-proBNP were assessed. LUS discharge time was significantly shorter if compared to CXR group (p < 0.01). During hospitalization, the LUS group underwent an increased number of diuretic dosage modulations compared to the CXR group (p < 0.001). There was a stronger association between partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO2) and B-lines compared to the association between PaO2 and NT-proBNP both on admission and on discharge (p < 0.001). The B-lines numbers were significantly higher on admission in patients with more severe HF, and the ICVCI was inversely associated with B-lines number (p < 0.001). The potential of LUS in tailoring diuretic therapy and accelerating the discharge time in HF patients is confirmed. Until the technique comes into common use in different departments, it is plausible that LUS will evolve with different facets.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Disease Management', 'Echocardiography', 'Female', 'Heart Failure', 'Humans', 'Italy', 'Length of Stay', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Patient Discharge', 'Regression Analysis', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Time Factors', 'Ultrasonography']
| 28,803,375
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['N04.590.607'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['C14.280.434'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['A04.411'], ['E02.760.169.125', 'E02.760.400.610', 'N02.421.585.169.125', 'N02.421.585.400.610', 'N04.590.233.727.210.125'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Allele-specific and peptide-dependent recognition of swine leukocyte antigen class I by human cytotoxic T-cell clones.
|
BACKGROUND: The T-cell mediated immune responses play a major role in xenograft rejection. However, the mechanisms behind human T-cell recognition of porcine xenoantigens remain to be elucidated.METHODS: Human CD8+ T-cell lines were generated against porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAECs) from y/y and z/z haplotypes of Yucatan inbred swine. T-cell clones were obtained by limiting dilution. The human T-cell receptor (TCR)-swine leukocyte antigen (SLA) class I interaction was characterized.RESULTS: The human CD8+ T-cell mediated direct recognition of PAECs was SLA haplotype-specific. The haplotype specificity was restricted by the SLA class I allelic polymorphism. To characterize the role of SLA-bound peptides in the human TCR-SLA class I interaction, we stripped peptides from SLA molecules by a brief acid treatment. Using z/z-specific CD8+ T cells as effectors, we demonstrated that the acid-treatment, which stripped SLA molecules of bound peptides, decreased the lysis of PAECs by 72%. Addition of peptides eluted from affinity purified z/z SLA class I molecules, but not from the irrelevant y/y SLA class I, restored the lysis of acid-treated z/z PAECs. In addition, the lysis of a human HLA class I negative cell line, 721.221, transfected with a relevant SLA class I allele derived from the z/z haplotype, was significantly increased with the addition of relevant z/z peptides. These experiments indicated that both SLA class I and bound peptides were required for recognition by human CD8+ T cells. Cloning studies identified two groups of xenoreactive T-cell clones. Group I clones recognized distinct porcine peptides in the context of SLA class I molecules, whereas group II clones recognized human endogenous cross-reactive peptides presented by SLA class I.CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrated that, despite the differences in MHC molecules between species, human T-cell recognition of porcine MHC is similar to direct allo-recognition, that is, human TCR recognizes xenogeneic SLA-peptide complexes.
|
['Alleles', 'Animals', 'Antigens, Heterophile', 'Clone Cells', 'Genes, MHC Class I', 'Graft Rejection', 'Histocompatibility Antigens Class I', 'Humans', 'Peptides', 'Swine', 'T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic', 'Transfection', 'Transplantation, Heterologous']
| 10,480,402
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.050.244'], ['A11.251.353'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.610.595', 'G05.360.340.024.380.500.595', 'G12.500.500.595'], ['G12.875.545.328'], ['D12.776.395.550.489', 'D12.776.543.550.439', 'D23.050.301.500.100', 'D23.050.705.552.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['A11.118.637.555.283.875', 'A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.283.875', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.283.875', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.200'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['E04.936.764']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
An ELISA method for the quantitation of tracheal mucins from human and nonhuman primates.
|
Monoclonal antibodies, 17B1 and 17Q2, which are specific for large molecular weight mucous glycoproteins of airway epithelium, have been used to develop an ELISA method to quantitate the tracheal mucins of humans and rhesus monkeys. The assay is a double-sandwich system that does not depend on either the binding of mucous antigens to the microtiter plate or the use of a second antibody. The assay protocol includes (1) coating the microtiter well with purified IgG of 17B1 or 17Q2, (2) incubating the wells with mucous samples, (3) binding of alkaline phosphatase-conjugated IgG to the wells, and (4) developing the color with phosphate substrate. This ELISA method is very sensitive for human and rhesus monkey tracheal mucins. Quantitation is not affected by the presence of various proteoglycans (keratan sulfate, hyaluronate, heparin, heparan sulfate, and chondroitin sulfate). However, the quantitation is affected by the treatment of antigen with periodic acid and endo-beta-galactosidase. Other enzymes (e.g., neuraminidase, hyaluronidase, chondroitinase, heparitinase, heparinase, fucosidase, keratanase) have no effect on the antigenicity of substrate. The quantitation is linear, with a concentration from 0.2 to 4 ng protein/sample. The ELISA method developed in this study should be useful for quantitating the mucin content of various biologic fluids, such as sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage, and media from cultures following various pharmacologic and physiologic manipulations.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Carbohydrates', 'Chromatography, Gel', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Humans', 'Mucins', 'Mucous Membrane', 'Primates', 'Proteoglycans', 'Sputum', 'Trachea']
| 2,624,758
|
[['D12.125'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D09'], ['E05.196.181.400.250'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.395.560.631'], ['A10.615.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988'], ['D09.698.735', 'D12.776.395.650'], ['A12.200.808'], ['A04.889']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Changes in body composition and muscle protein degradation during nutritional supplementation in nutritionally growth-retarded children with cystic fibrosis.
|
Changes in body composition and muscle protein degradation were studied in seven nutritionally growth-retarded children with cystic fibrosis (CF) before and after nutritional supplementation and in eight healthy children who served as controls. Supplemental feedings consisted of a peptide formula that increased dietary protein and energy intakes approximately 20-40% over a 6-month period, delivered either as oral supplement or overnight intragastric feeding. Body composition was assessed by anthropometric data and measurements of whole body potassium (40K) and creatinine excretion. Muscle protein degradation was measured by urinary 3-methylhistidine excretion, an index of myofibrillar protein catabolism. Compared with controls, CF children had significantly reduced body mass, body fat, and muscle mass, and a significantly increased rate of myofibrillar protein degradation. With nutritional supplementation, significant catch-up weight gain and improved linear growth were observed with evidence of accretion of lean body mass and muscle mass, and in all but one severely malnourished patient with progressive disease, there was normalization of the high rate of muscle protein degradation. Thus, this form of nutritional therapy has significant benefits in terms of body protein accretion and myofibrillar protein degradation.
|
['Adolescent', 'Body Composition', 'Body Weight', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cystic Fibrosis', 'Dietary Proteins', 'Energy Intake', 'Female', 'Food, Fortified', 'Growth Disorders', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Methylhistidines', 'Muscle Proteins']
| 6,620,051
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['G02.111.130', 'G03.180', 'G07.100.049'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C06.689.202', 'C08.381.187', 'C16.320.190', 'C16.614.213'], ['D12.776.256', 'G07.203.300.428', 'J02.500.428'], ['G07.203.650.240.340'], ['G07.203.300.515', 'J02.500.515'], ['C23.550.393'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.125.072.329.539'], ['D12.776.210.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of mesenteric vein L-alanine infusion on liver metabolism of organic acids by beef heifers fed diets differing in forage: concentrate ratio.
|
Effects of diet forage:concentrate ratio and mesenteric vein L-alanine infusion on net VFA metabolism by portal-drained viscera (PDV) and liver were determined in four multicatheterized Hereford x Angus heifers (443 kg BW) fed in equal meals every 2 h pelleted, isonitrogenous diets containing 75% alfalfa or 75% corn:soybean meal (SBM) in a balanced single reversal of diets with 6 wk for adaptation. In addition, effects of L-alanine infusion on net metabolism of individual amino acids (AA) by PDV and liver was determined when heifers were fed 75% corn:SBM. Four measurements of blood flow (p-aminohippurate dilution) and net flux of VFA and AA (venous-arterial difference times blood flow) were obtained at 30-min intervals immediately before beginning and ending a 24-h mesenteric vein infusion of L-alanine at 75 mmol/h. Net PDV absorption of acetate (P < .02), propionate (P < .02), and total VFA (P < .02) was lower when 75% corn:SBM was fed, reflecting increased carbohydrate digestion postruminally and only partially balanced by increases in net PDV glucose absorption reported previously. In addition, net PDV absorption of n-butyrate was lower when 75% alfalfa was fed. Excluding acetate, net liver removal of VFA was 83 to 108% of their net PDV release. L-Alanine infusion did not affect net PDV or liver flux of VFA but decreased net total splanchnic (PDV plus liver) release of propionate (P < .07) and n-butyrate (P < .03) and decreased (P < .10) net PDV release and liver removal of glycine. In spite of the increase in liver L-alanine removal, the ratio of glucose release to precursor removal remained remarkably constant across the liver when L-alanine was infused, emphasizing the tight control of liver glucose release and the dynamic interplay of precursor supply and removal in the maintenance of liver carbon balance.
|
['Alanine', 'Amino Acids', 'Animal Feed', 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Digestive System', 'Fatty Acids, Volatile', 'Female', 'Glucose', 'Infusions, Intravenous', 'Liver', 'Mesenteric Veins', 'Pancreas', 'Regional Blood Flow', 'Soybeans', 'Spleen', 'Urea', 'Zea mays']
| 7,759,370
|
[['D12.125.042'], ['D12.125'], ['G07.203.300.300.100', 'J02.500.300.100'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A03'], ['D10.251.400'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['E02.319.267.082.500', 'E02.319.267.510.590'], ['A03.620'], ['A07.015.908.670.385'], ['A03.734'], ['G09.330.100.780'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.750'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['D02.065.950'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Fetal cranial and craniocervical masses: ultrasound characteristics and differential diagnosis.
|
Ultrasound is assuming an essential role in the detection of fetal cranial and spinal anomalies. Illustrated in this article is the sonographic appearance of cranial abnormalities wherein the diagnosis of encephalocele is clear cut because the anatomic defect of the neural tube is visualized. Additionally presented is a variety of cranial and craniocervical cystic masses, including meningocele, wherein the anatomic defect of the neural tube is not apparent and the diagnosis is reached by careful attention to the specific ultrasonic characteristics of each mass.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Fetal Death', 'Fetal Diseases', 'Humans', 'Neural Tube Defects', 'Pregnancy', 'Ultrasonography']
| 7,425,015
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C13.703.223', 'C23.550.260.585'], ['C13.703.277', 'C16.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.500.680', 'C16.131.666.680'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Promoting wellness in individuals with coronary heart disease.
|
The care of patients with coronary heart disease is focused toward assisting each individual to maximize his or her level of wellness by understanding and adhering to the prescribed medical regimen as a means for reducing or eliminating modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. Despite the role of risk modification in the management of coronary heart disease, lack of adherence to prescribed regimens is a fundamental problem. Behavioral models have examined factors that explain the likelihood of engaging in risk modification efforts and provide a rich theoretical basis for describing and predicting various aspects of behavioral change; however, difficulty in achieving sustained risk modification for individuals with diagnosed coronary heart disease makes it important to examine new directions for study. This article presents a model for wellness motivation related to the prevention of cardiovascular disease and outlines potential intervention strategies to enhance motivation in behavioral change.
|
['Coronary Disease', 'Health Behavior', 'Health Promotion', 'Humans', 'Models, Psychological', 'Motivation', 'Risk Factors']
| 9,095,452
|
[['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['F01.145.488'], ['I02.233.332.445', 'N02.421.726.407.579'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.695'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Bilateral vas deferens agenesis and inguinal hernia in a child. A rare, early presentation of cystic fibrosis].
|
UNLABELLED: Epididymal and ductal anomalies can be discovered incidentally during inguinal herniorraphy in children. The congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens is frequently associated with cystic fibrosis.CASE REPORT: This agenesia of vas deferens was detected in a 5-month-old boy who underwent an inguinal herniorraphy. Although the child did not present any symptoms, he actually presented cystic fibrosis: the sudoral test showed high levels of chloride (95 mmol/L) and an isolated homozygous delta F 508 deletion on the gene CFTR was evidenced on genetic investigations.CONCLUSION: The congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens is the most frequent anomaly of the male genital tract discovered in adults investigated for azoospermia. Relations with cystic fibrosis are well established but congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens discovered during infancy is an exceptional situation that requires genetic investigations to show evidence of a likely underlying cystic fibrosis.
|
['Cystic Fibrosis', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Hernia, Inguinal', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Oligospermia', 'Vas Deferens']
| 11,484,456
|
[['C06.689.202', 'C08.381.187', 'C16.320.190', 'C16.614.213'], ['E01.171'], ['C23.300.707.374.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C12.294.365.700.508'], ['A05.360.444.930']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Nutritional management of idiopathic chronic colitis in the dog.
|
Idiopathic chronic colitis was diagnosed in 13 dogs. Owners sought veterinary care because of semiformed to liquid feces, fresh blood and/or mucus in the feces, tenesmus, increased frequency of defecation, vomiting, weight loss, and flatulence in their dogs. A lymphocytic, plasmacytic infiltration in the colonic lamina propria was found on colonic biopsy specimens. Signs resolved in all 13 dogs after they were fed a low residue, easily assimilated, relatively hypoallergenic diet. In 11 dogs, two commercial diets not previously fed to these dogs were successfully substituted for the initial test diet, without causing recurrence of signs. Only two of these 11 dogs subsequently tolerated a switch to diets that had been fed at the time of onset of signs of colitis. All 13 dogs have been successfully managed from 2 months to 28 months following the initiation of dietary therapy. The results of these dietary challenges strongly suggest a dietary role in the pathogenesis of this disorder, and also illustrate the importance of dietary therapy in the management of idiopathic chronic colitis.
|
['Animals', 'Colitis', 'Diarrhea', 'Dog Diseases', 'Dogs', 'Female', 'Male']
| 3,225,807
|
[['B01.050'], ['C06.405.205.265', 'C06.405.469.158.188'], ['C23.888.821.214'], ['C22.268'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Promotion of physical activity using point-of-decision prompts in Berlin underground stations.
|
To evaluate point-of-decision prompts in the promotion of stair use in Germany, motivational posters were placed at three underground stations in Berlin. The proportion of passengers using stairs or stairways was counted before, during installation, and two weeks after removal of posters. In total, 5,467 passersby were counted. Stair use increased significantly in women, but not in men. The present pilot study thereby shows that the use of point-of-decision prompts is also feasible in Germany and it provides some evidence of effectiveness. Methodologically rigorous studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
|
['Berlin', 'Exercise', 'Female', 'Health Promotion', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Sex Characteristics', 'Transportation']
| 20,948,947
|
[['Z01.433.128', 'Z01.542.315.182'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['I02.233.332.445', 'N02.421.726.407.579'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.815'], ['J01.937']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[Biological adaptation of children of preschool age with retardation of mental development (RMD) in conditions of pre-school correctional educational institutions].
|
The present study was devoted to the investigation of biological adaptation of children aged 6-7 years with retardation of mental development (RMD) in pre-school correctional educational institutions. Under supervision there were 69 children, out of them 34 RMD cases and 35 children in whom mental development corresponds to age-control group--35 persons. The increase in sympatico-adrenergic effects and centralized heart rhythm control was revealed in children of both groups under comparison, but in RMD cases these effects were more pronounced. Adaptation reserves in RMD children appeared to be lower than in children in whom mental development corresponds to the age. Gender differences of adaptive reserves in children have been established
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Child', 'Female', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Intellectual Disability', 'Male', 'Russia', 'Schools', 'Sympathetic Nervous System']
| 24,003,703
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.597.606.360', 'C23.888.592.604.646', 'F01.700.687', 'F03.625.539'], ['Z01.252.122.500', 'Z01.542.248.775'], ['I02.783', 'J03.832'], ['A08.800.050.800']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
What is the value of ITS sequence data in Colletotrichum systematics and species diagnosis? A case study using the falcate-spored graminicolous Colletotrichum group.
|
Because the genus Colletotrichum is among the most important groups of plant pathogenic fungi worldwide, the ability to accurately diagnose species is vital for the implementation of effective disease control and quarantine measures. Although the long-standing, unresolved taxonomic issues in the genus have recently begun to be addressed through multi-locus phylogenetic research, the tools most commonly used for Colletotrichum species identification are either insufficiently variable (e.g. morphology), or homoplasic (e.g. morphology and host range criteria). In this study, using the systematically well-defined falcate-spored, grass-associated group (FG) of Colletotrichum as a model, we test the utility of ITS sequence data to diagnose species affiliations through similarity-based searches of the NCBI GenBank database or by means of gene trees constructed using phylogenetic methods. 43% of all Colletotrichum sequences accessioned by GenBank are from the ITS region, making it the single most common sequence curated by the community; however, 34% of the ITS accessions existed only as sequence data in the database, with no associated publication. Using Colletotrichum ITS sequence data from 53 FG defined isolates and 16 falcate-spored, non-graminicolous isolates to perform GenBank BLASTN searches, we found that erroneous identifications occurred for 86% of the 14 species tested. In contrast, the phylogenetic tree generated by the ITS sequence data, although poorly supported by bootstrap values, correctly grouped most of the species, but 10% of the individual isolates were incorrectly placed. From this study, we conclude that the currently available infrastructure of Colletotrichum ITS sequence data may yield unreliable species diagnoses, particularly if sequence similarity alone is the only criterion applied.
|
['Colletotrichum', 'Computational Biology', 'DNA, Fungal', 'DNA, Ribosomal Spacer', 'Databases, Genetic', 'Mycological Typing Techniques', 'Poaceae', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Species Specificity']
| 19,750,944
|
[['B01.300.381.235'], ['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['D13.444.308.300'], ['D13.444.308.324.230', 'D13.444.308.475.230'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.325', 'L01.470.750.750.325'], ['E01.370.225.875.610', 'E05.200.875.610'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Intracerebral haemorrhage complicating dural arteriovenous fistula: a report of two cases.
|
Two patients presented with unilateral peri-orbital pain, proptosis, chemosis and external ophthalmoplegia. They were shown to have dural arteriovenous fistulae related to the cavernous sinus. Intracerebral haemorrhage occurred in both patients within 18 months of presentation; this gave rise to focal seizures and signs of unilateral hemisphere dysfunction. The haematomas were in the region drained by the superficial middle cerebral vein ipsilateral to the shunt and are presumed to have been the result of locally raised venous pressure.
|
['Aged', 'Cavernous Sinus', 'Cerebral Angiography', 'Cerebral Hemorrhage', 'Dura Mater', 'Embolization, Therapeutic', 'Exophthalmos', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations', 'Intraocular Pressure', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Ophthalmoplegia', 'Recurrence', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Visual Fields']
| 6,481,384
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['A07.015.908.224.334'], ['E01.370.350.578.937.180', 'E01.370.350.700.060.180', 'E01.370.350.700.560.180', 'E01.370.370.050.180', 'E01.370.376.537.750.180', 'E05.629.937.180'], ['C10.228.140.300.535.200', 'C14.907.253.573.200', 'C23.550.414.913.100'], ['A08.186.566.395'], ['E02.520.360', 'E02.926.500'], ['C11.675.349'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.300.520', 'C10.500.190.500', 'C14.240.850.750.295', 'C14.240.850.875.500', 'C14.907.150.295', 'C14.907.253.560.400', 'C16.131.240.850.750.295', 'C16.131.240.850.875.500', 'C16.131.666.190.500'], ['G14.440'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.292.562.750', 'C10.597.622.447', 'C11.590.472', 'C23.888.592.636.447'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['F02.463.593.932.934', 'G14.950']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The prevalence of alpha-antitrypsin heterozygotes (Pi MZ) in patients with obstructive pulmonary disease.
|
An increased incidence of intermediate deficiency of serum alpha1-antitrypsin resulting from Pi phenotype MZ has been reported in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by some laboratories but not confirmed by others. Prevalence of Pi MZ was determined in patients with COPD among 502 subjects referred to a pulmonary function testing laboratory in a region with low concentrations of air pollutants. Control prevalences were obtained from 930 randomly selected subjects in the same community as well as from patients without COPD referred to the laboratory. Depending on criteria used to define COPD, 155 to 306 subjects had COPD. Pi MZ prevalence in subjects with COPD varied from 1.5 to 4 times the prevalence in the community control group and in the patients without COPD. This difference approached significance or was significant. Because Pi MZ was present in only 3.5 to 4.5 per cent of patients with COPD, Pi MZ is not a major factor in the etiology of COPD in this community. The higher incidence of Pi MZ inpatients with COPD reported by other investigators may be explained by small sample size, bias in selection of study or control population groups, or the development of COPD from interaction between Pi MZ and air pollutants or other factors not present in this community.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Heterozygote', 'Humans', 'Lung Diseases, Obstructive', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Phenotype', 'Respiratory Function Tests', 'Smoking', 'alpha 1-Antitrypsin', 'alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency']
| 1,087,539
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G05.380.383'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381.495'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.695'], ['E01.370.386.700'], ['F01.145.805'], ['D12.644.861.035', 'D12.776.124.050.070', 'D12.776.124.790.106.085', 'D12.776.377.715.085.085', 'D12.776.395.068', 'D12.776.872.035'], ['C06.552.074', 'C08.381.112', 'C16.320.060', 'C23.550.325.500.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[D-Pen2,4'-125I-Phe4,D-Pen5]enkephalin: a selective high affinity radioligand for delta opioid receptors with exceptional specific activity.
|
[D-Pen2,4'-125I-Phe4,D-Pen5]enkephalin ([125I]DPDPE) is a highly selective radioligand for the delta opioid receptor with a specific activity (2200 Ci/mmol) that is over 50-fold greater than that of tritium-labeled DPDPE analogs. [125I]DPDPE binds to a single site in rat brain membranes with an equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) value of 421 +/- 67 pM and a receptor density (Bmax) value of 36.4 +/- 2.7 fmol/mg protein. The high affinity of this site for delta opioid receptor ligands and its low affinity for mu or kappa receptor-selective ligands are consistent with its being a delta opioid receptor. The distribution of these sites in rat brain, observed by receptor autoradiography, is also consistent with that of delta opioid receptors. Association and dissociation binding kinetics of 1.0 nM [125I] DPDPE are monophasic at 25 degrees C. The association rate (k + 1 = 5.80 +/- 0.88 X 10(7) M-1 min-1) is about 20- and 7-fold greater than that measured for 1.0 nM [3H DPDPE and 0.8 nM [3H] [D-Pen2,4'-Cl-Phe4, D-Pen5]enkephalin, respectively. The dissociation rate of [125I]DPDPE (0.917 +/- 0.117 X 10(-2) min-1) measured at 1.0 nM is about 3-fold faster than is observed for either of the other DPDPE analogs. The rapid binding kinetics of [125I]DPDPE is advantageous because binding equilibrium is achieved with much shorter incubation times than are required for other cyclic enkephalin analogs. This, in addition to its much higher specific activity, makes [125I]DPDPE a valuable new radioligand for studies of delta opioid receptors.
|
['Animals', 'Autoradiography', 'Brain', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Corpus Striatum', 'Enkephalins', 'Iodine Radioisotopes', 'Kinetics', 'Ligands', 'Male', 'Olfactory Bulb', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Receptors, Opioid', 'Receptors, Opioid, delta']
| 1,653,834
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.750.132', 'E05.200.750.132', 'E05.799.256'], ['A08.186.211'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487'], ['D12.644.400.575.281', 'D12.776.631.650.575.281'], ['D01.268.380.400.500.496', 'D01.496.448.496', 'D01.496.749.474'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.388'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.620', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.610', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.610'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.620.200', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.610.200', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.610.200']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Analysis of ritonavir in plasma/serum and tissues by high-performance liquid chromatography.
|
A method has been developed to quantify ritonavir concentrations in human plasma and in mouse serum, liver, and brain using high-performance liquid chromatography. Extraction recoveries for ritonavir and its internal standard averaged greater than 95%. Within-day variability, expressed as a coefficient of variation, averaged 6% over the concentration range 0.5 microg/mL to 15 microg/mL ritonavir, and between-day variability averaged 5.6% over 5 microg/mL to 15 microg/mL ritonavir. The method was applied to quantitation of ritonavir in mouse serum and tissue. Measured values deviated less than 5% from the actual values in mouse serum, liver, and brain samples containing 5 microg/mL ritonavir. The slopes of calibration curves for extracted calf serum, mouse serum, mouse liver and mouse brain standards were nearly identical to the calibration slope of standards which were not extracted. All curves were linear through zero, and r2 was no less than 0.998 for any form of calibration. In addition, there was no chromatographic interference from commonly prescribed medications.
|
['Animals', 'Brain Chemistry', 'Calibration', 'Chemistry, Pharmaceutical', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Humans', 'Liver', 'Mice', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Ritonavir']
| 10,465,159
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.150', 'G03.185'], ['E05.978.155'], ['H01.158.703.007', 'H01.181.466'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['D02.886.675.653', 'D03.383.129.708.653']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Attitudes of the Lebanese public regarding disclosure of serious illness.
|
OBJECTIVES: To measure the preference regarding disclosure of a serious diagnosis, and its determinants, of the Lebanese public.DESIGN AND SETTING: Non-random sample survey of 400 persons interviewed in health care facilities in Beirut in 1995.RESULTS: Forty-two per cent of respondents generally preferred truth not to be disclosed directly to patients. Preference for disclosure was associated with younger age, better education and tendency to rapport-building with physicians. There were no meaningful associations between place of residence (urban/rural), level of religious practice, or religious affiliation, and preference for disclosure.CONCLUSIONS: Under one plausible interpretation, this survey suggests that the expectation for concealment will decrease as the advantage of knowledge in better coping with disease is understood by an increasingly better educated public, and that the Lebanese public will increasingly come to expect direct and full disclosure of serious diagnoses.
|
['Adult', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Attitude to Health', 'Educational Status', 'Female', 'Health Status', 'Humans', 'Islam', 'Lebanon', 'Male', 'Physician-Patient Relations', 'Truth Disclosure']
| 10,536,765
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['N01.824.196'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['K01.844.275'], ['Z01.252.245.500.450'], ['F01.829.401.650.675', 'N05.300.660.625'], ['F01.829.401.046.800', 'I01.880.604.583.080.134.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Mismatches in the Influenza A Virus RNA Panhandle Prevent Retinoic Acid-Inducible Gene I (RIG-I) Sensing by Impairing RNA/RIG-I Complex Formation.
|
Influenza virus RNA (vRNA) promoter panhandle structures are believed to be sensed by retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I). The occurrence of mismatches in this double-stranded RNA structure raises questions about their effect on innate sensing. Our results suggest that mismatches in vRNA promoters decrease binding to RIG-I in vivo, affecting RNA/RIG-I complex formation and preventing RIG-I activation. These results can be inferred to apply to other viruses and suggest that mismatches may represent a general viral strategy to escape RIG-I sensing.
|
['Base Pair Mismatch', 'Cell Line', 'DEAD Box Protein 58', 'DEAD-box RNA Helicases', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Host-Pathogen Interactions', 'Humans', 'Immune Evasion', 'Immunity, Innate', 'Influenza A virus', 'Nucleic Acid Conformation', 'Protein Binding', 'RNA, Double-Stranded', 'RNA, Viral', 'RNA-Binding Proteins']
| 26,446,607
|
[['G05.365.590.060'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.735.720.249.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.735.720.249'], ['A11.436'], ['G06.462', 'G16.527.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G06.462.400', 'G12.413', 'G16.527.200.700'], ['G12.450.564'], ['B04.820.480.968.405.400'], ['G02.111.570.820.486', 'G05.360.580'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D13.444.735.490', 'G02.111.570.820.486.775', 'G05.360.580.775'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['D12.776.157.725', 'D12.776.664.962']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of short-term exercise training on angiogenic growth factor gene responses in rats.
|
We investigated whether 1) 5 days of exercise training would reduce the acute exercise-induced increase in skeletal muscle growth factor gene expression; and 2) reductions in the increase in growth factor gene expression in response to short-term exercise training would be coincident with increases in skeletal muscle oxidative potential. Female Wistar rats were used. Six groups (rest; exercise for 1-5 consecutive days) were used to measure the growth factor response through the early phases of an exercise training program. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) mRNA were analyzed from the left gastrocnemius by quantitative Northern blot. Citrate synthase activity was analyzed from the right gastrocnemius. VEGF and TGF-beta1 mRNA increased after each of 5 days of exercise training, whereas exercise on any day did not increase bFGF mRNA. On day 1, the VEGF mRNA response was significantly greater than on days 2-5. However, the reduced increase in VEGF mRNA observed on days 2-5 was not coincident with increases in citrate synthase activity. These findings suggest that, in skeletal muscle, 1) VEGF and TGF-beta1 mRNA are increased through 5 days of exercise training and 2) the reduced exercise-induced increase in VEGF mRNA responses on days 2-5 does not result from increases in oxidative potential.
|
['Animals', 'Citrate (si)-Synthase', 'Endothelial Growth Factors', 'Female', 'Fibroblast Growth Factors', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Lymphokines', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Physical Conditioning, Animal', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors']
| 11,247,917
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.913.050.368'], ['D12.644.276.390', 'D12.776.467.390', 'D23.529.390'], ['D12.644.276.624', 'D12.776.467.624', 'D23.529.624'], ['G05.308'], ['D12.644.276.374.480', 'D12.776.467.374.480', 'D23.529.374.480'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['G11.427.410.698.277.280'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D12.644.276.374.687', 'D12.644.276.954.775', 'D12.776.467.374.687', 'D12.776.467.942.775', 'D23.529.374.687', 'D23.529.942.775'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200'], ['D12.644.276.100.800', 'D12.776.467.100.800', 'D23.529.100.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Occupational metal poisoning (author's transl)].
|
The early diagnosis of lead poisoning -- the most common type of occupational metal poisoning -- based on the determination of the haemprecursors coproporphyrin, delta amino laevulinic acid and free erythrocyte protoporphyrin. Treatment with chelating agents increases urinary lead excretion very effectively. Clinical manifestations of mercury poisoning are different with organic and inorganic mercury compounds. Cadmium poisoning results in inhibition of non-specific enzymes. Depending on the mode of exposure, alteration of the epithelium of the renal tubules or skeletal damage is seen. The toxic effects of chromium are primarily due to direct contact and absorption. Chromium is also carcinogenic. The importance of technical prophylaxis is stressed.
|
['Cadmium Poisoning', 'Chromium', 'Humans', 'Lead Poisoning', 'Mercury Poisoning', 'Metals', 'Occupational Diseases']
| 223,335
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Oral function and nutritional status among the elderly with facial and oral tactile hypersensitivity who are under long-term care.
|
Objective?In oral health care, a refusal action can cause difficulties, and tactile hypersensitivity (TH) may be a contributing factor. People with TH of the face and mouth clench their jaws. Despite numerous reports on TH among children with disabilities, reports on TH in the elderly who are under long-term care are scarce. The purpose of this study was to investigate TH among the elderly who are under long-term care.Methods?We selected 80 residents (8 men and 72 women; mean age: 91.1±6.2y) in a Tokyo nursing home and investigated the presence of TH in them. We also obtained patients' (1) basic information (sex, age, stage of long-term care needs (SCN), and the degree of independent living (IL)); (2) oral information (swallowing status, choking tendency, and intraoral residue); and (3) nutritional information (serum albumin (Alb) levels and body mass index (BMI)). We assessed the face (the forehead, cheek, and perioral area) and the intraoral environment (buccal mucosa, buccal cavity, and palate) as testing sites for TH, using the tester's palm and forefinger. We confirmed the presence of TH when the tested areas reacted partially or fully by shuddering. We classified the subjects into 2 groups based on the presence or absence of TH and analyzed our results using a chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test. This investigation was approved by the Dentistry Ethics Screening Committee, Tokyo Medical and Dental University.Results?A total of 18 residents were diagnosed with TH (22.5%). Significant differences in SCN, IL, choking tendency, intraoral residue, swallowing status, serum Alb levels, and BMI (P<0.05) were reported between this group and the non-TH group.Conclusion?We demonstrated that residents with TH were in an advanced SCN and had a lower IL score and a decreased swallowing and nutritional status. Therefore, oral health care, promotion of nutritional status, and meal support are particularly important for the elderly with TH.
|
['Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypersensitivity', 'Long-Term Care', 'Male', 'Nutritional Status', 'Oral Health', 'Touch']
| 28,966,290
|
[['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C20.543'], ['E02.760.476', 'N02.421.585.476'], ['G07.203.650.650', 'N01.224.425.525'], ['N01.400.535'], ['F02.830.816.850', 'G11.561.790.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Incorporation of Sed1p into the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae involves KRE6.
|
KRE6 (YPR159W) encodes a Golgi membrane protein required for normal beta-1,6-glucan levels in the cell wall. A functional Kre6p is necessary for cell wall protein accumulation in response to changing metabolic conditions. The product of the SED1 (YDR077W) gene is a stress-induced GPI-cell wall protein. Successful incorporation of HA-tagged Sed1p into the cell wall involves KRE6. The double-mutant sed1 kre6 has a reduced growth rate, increased flocculation and increased sensitivity to Zymolyase. A similar phenotype is found in mutants defective in glycosyl-phosphatidyl-insositol (GPI) anchor assembly. These findings support the theory that Kre6p could function as a transglucosylase that allows the incorporation of proteins with a GPI anchor into the cell wall.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Cell Wall', 'DNA, Fungal', 'Genes, Fungal', 'Glycosylphosphatidylinositols', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'Phenotype', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins']
| 15,093,776
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.284.183'], ['D13.444.308.300'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.500', 'G05.360.340.358.024.500', 'G05.360.340.358.365.500'], ['D09.400.410.475', 'D10.390.475', 'D10.570.755.375.760.400.942.250'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['D12.776.543'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.695'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Anxiety, Family Functioning and Neuroendocrine Biomarkers in Obese Children.
|
INTRODUCTION: This observational study explores potential links between obese children's cortisol, and parental mental state, family functioning, and the children's symptoms of anxiety and depression.MATERIAL AND METHODS: A non-random sample of 104 obese children (55 boys), mean age 10.9 years (standard deviation 1.76), was recruited from a childhood obesity clinic. Obesity was defined as body mass index above the 95th age- and gender-specific percentiles. Neuroendocrine biomarkers were measured. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were assessed with self and parent-reported questionnaires (Anxiety, Depression and Stress Scales; Child Behaviour Checklist). Family functioning was assessed with parent-reported questionnaires (Family Adaptation and Cohesion Scales-III).RESULTS: A significant, negative correlation (rs = -0.779; p = 0.003) between girls' cortisol and their parents' anxiety symptoms was found, limited to high functioning families. Boys scored significantly higher than girls on parent-reported internalizing symptoms but not on self-report. No association was found between cortisol in children and parental depressive symptoms.DISCUSSION: Whether the association between cortisol levels in obese children and parental mental health is effectively restricted to girls from high functioning families or is due to study limitations, requires further research. The lack of associations between cortisol in children and parental depressive symptoms, suggests a specific association between cortisol and parental anxiety symptoms.CONCLUSION: These results highlight the importance of taking into account family functioning, parental mental state and gender, when investigating neuroendocrine biomarkers in obese children associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression.
|
['Anxiety', 'Biomarkers', 'Child', 'Family Relations', 'Female', 'Hormones', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pediatric Obesity']
| 28,555,552
|
[['F01.470.132'], ['D23.101'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F01.829.263.370', 'I01.880.853.150.439'], ['D06.472', 'D27.505.696.399.472'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.654.726.500.720', 'C23.888.144.699.500.750', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500.750']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Lack of infectivity of a Brazilian Anaplasma marginale isolate for Boophilus microplus ticks.
|
Previous studies have shown that one Brazilian Anaplasma marginale isolate presents an inclusion appendage (tail), while other isolates do not present such inclusion. Studies on tick transmission have been carried out with tailless isolates but little is known about transmission of tailed isolates by Boophilus microplus. Two splenectomized calves were experimentally inoculated with the tailed A. marginale isolate. During ascending rickettsemia, B. microplus larvae, free from hemoparasites, were fed on the calves and the resulting nymphs, adult males and engorged females were examined by optic and electronic microscopy. No A. marginale colonies were observed in the gut cells of engorged females and the larvae originated from them did not transmit A. marginale to susceptible calves. In addition, no colonies of A. marginale were seen in the gut cells or in salivary glands of adult males and nymphs. These results suggest that B. microplus is not the biological vector for this tailed isolate.
|
['Anaplasma marginale', 'Anaplasmosis', 'Animals', 'Brazil', 'Cattle', 'Cattle Diseases', 'Digestive System', 'Erythrocytes', 'Female', 'Hematocrit', 'Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical', 'Ixodidae', 'Male', 'Salivary Glands']
| 15,740,870
|
[['B03.440.664.750.050.500', 'B03.660.050.783.500.050.500'], ['C01.150.252.400.054.500', 'C01.150.252.400.082', 'C01.920.930.163', 'C22.085'], ['B01.050'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['C22.196'], ['A03'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['E01.370.225.625.400', 'E05.200.625.400', 'G09.188.370.374'], ['N06.850.335.875'], ['B01.050.500.131.166.132.832.400'], ['A03.556.500.760', 'A10.336.779', 'A14.549.760']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
A deflection system to reduce the interference from post-source decay product ions in photodissociation tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
|
A deflection system consisting of four deflectors was designed and used to reduce the interference from post-source decay (PSD) product ions in photodissociation (PD) tandem time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry. For simple protonated peptides generated by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization, the presence of PSD product ions at the laser irradiation spot was found to noticeably alter the minor peaks in the PD spectra even though the major ones were hardly affected. Other benefits from the use of the deflection system such as the improvement in the resolving power in PSD tandem mass spectra are discussed.
|
['Peptide Mapping', 'Peptides', 'Photochemistry', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry']
| 16,791,872
|
[['E05.196.181.400.454.720', 'E05.196.401.319.720', 'E05.196.700', 'E05.393.760.705.685'], ['D12.644'], ['H01.181.529.711'], ['E05.196.566.755'], ['E05.196.566.880']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Patient selection issues in peritoneal dialysis.
|
Advances in peritoneal dialysis (PD) technology and better understanding of peritoneal solute transport have expanded the application of this therapy to a larger segment of the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) community. However, adequate patient selection remains an important issue in assuring success of this therapy. Many of the causes for high technique failure with PD can be traced back to poor initial patient selection. The success of PD depends on: (1) the patient's general health and preexisting comorbid conditions, (2) the patient's ability to provide self-dialysis or to procure an adequate partner, and (3) matching therapy to the patient's individual needs.
|
['Algorithms', 'Humans', 'Patient Selection', 'Peritoneal Dialysis']
| 9,360,656
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.581.500.653', 'N04.590.731'], ['E02.870.300.650', 'E02.912.800.650']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A comparison of some biologic characteristics of isolates of the Legionnaires' disease bacterium.
|
The ability of three isolates of serogroup 1 and one isolate of serogroup 4 of Legionnaires' disease bacterium (LDB) to infect and cause fever and death in guinea pigs was studied, as well as their ability to produce plaques in cultured primary chick embryo cells. The serogroup 4 isolate originally was recovered from cord clot and placental tissue from a healthy mother following delivery of a normal child. The effects on LDB of prolonged cultivation on supplemented Mueller-Hinton (MH) agar medium and of subsequent cultivation in yolk sacs of chick embryos were examined. Prolonged cultivation of LDB on MH medium resulted in great loss of ability to produce plaques and to cause fever and death in guinea pigs. Subsequent passage in embryonated eggs of MH-adapted LDB tended to restore ability to produce plaques and to cause infection and illness in guinea pigs. Fatty acid composition profiles of the four strains were similar to each other.
|
['Animals', 'Chick Embryo', 'Fatty Acids', 'Female', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Humans', 'Legionella', 'Pregnancy']
| 7,212,630
|
[['B01.050'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['D10.251'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B03.440.400.425.450.450', 'B03.660.250.460.460'], ['G08.686.784.769']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Problem of HIV-infected patients receiving dialysis].
|
According to UNAIDS data there are 40 millions of HIV infected people in the world. 7880 people are infected with HIV (official statistics) in Poland. Because of improvement of dialysis accessibility in Poland there is no limitations of qualification for dialysis for HIV infected patients. In this article authors present general information about HIV infection (epidemiology, diagnostic, clinical picture and treatment), post exposure management and prophylaxis in dialysis centers. We present also algorithms of management with patient with acute/chronic renal failure in dependence on result of HIV test.
|
['AIDS-Associated Nephropathy', 'Algorithms', 'Decision Trees', 'HIV Infections', 'HIV Seropositivity', 'Humans', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Poland', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Risk Factors']
| 15,518,330
|
[['C01.221.250.875.050', 'C01.221.812.640.400.072', 'C01.778.640.400.072', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.050', 'C01.925.813.400.072', 'C12.777.419.050', 'C13.351.968.419.050', 'C20.673.480.050'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G17.162.500'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['C01.221.250.875.500', 'C01.221.812.640.400.500', 'C01.778.640.400.500', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.500', 'C01.925.813.400.500', 'C20.673.480.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['Z01.542.248.679'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Evaluation of the measurement properties of the Manchester foot pain and disability index.
|
BACKGROUND: The Manchester Foot Pain and Disability Index (MFPDI, 19 items) was developed to measure functional limitations, pain and appearance for patients with foot pain and is frequently used in both observational studies and randomised controlled trials. A Dutch version of the MFPDI was developed. The aims of this study were to evaluate all the measurement properties for the Dutch version of the MFPDI and to evaluate comparability to the original version.METHOD: The MFPDI was translated into Dutch using a forward/backward translation process. The dimensionality was evaluated using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Measurement properties were evaluated per subscale according to the COSMIN taxonomy consisting of: reliability (internal consistency, test-retest reliability and measurement error), validity (structural validity, content validity and cross-cultural validity comparing the Dutch version to the English version) responsiveness and interpretation.RESULTS: The questionnaire consists of three scales, measuring foot function, foot pain and perception. The reliability of the foot function scale is acceptable (Cronbach's á > 0.7, ICC = 0.7, SEM = 2.2 on 0-18 scale). The construct validity of the function and pain scale was confirmed and only the pain scale contains one item with differential item functioning (DIF). The responsiveness of the function and pain scale is moderate when compared to anchor questions.CONCLUSION: Results using the Dutch MFPDI version can be compared to results using the original version. The foot function sub-scale (items 1-9) is a reliable and valid sub-scale. This study indicates that the use of the MFPDI as a longitudinal instrument might be problematic for measuring change in musculoskeletal foot pain due to moderate responsiveness.
|
['Aged', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Cultural Characteristics', 'Disability Evaluation', 'England', 'Factor Analysis, Statistical', 'Female', 'Foot', 'Humans', 'Interdisciplinary Communication', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Musculoskeletal Pain', 'Netherlands', 'Pain Measurement', 'Pain Perception', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Translating']
| 25,115,354
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['I01.076.201.450.324', 'I01.880.853.100.329'], ['E01.370.400'], ['Z01.542.363.300'], ['E05.318.740.400', 'N05.715.360.750.350', 'N06.850.520.830.400'], ['A01.378.610.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401.205.249', 'L01.143.865.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.651.538', 'C23.888.592.612.547', 'F02.830.816.353', 'G11.561.790.353'], ['Z01.542.651'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['F02.463.593.504'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['L01.559.423.796']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Effect of 4-quinolones and novobiocin on calf thymus DNA polymerase alpha primase complex, topoisomerases I and II, and growth of mammalian lymphoblasts.
|
The influence of ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, novobiocin, and ofloxacin on elements of eucaryotic DNA replication was investigated in vitro. Each of the 4-quinolones, when present in amounts of more than 100 micrograms/ml, reversibly inhibited the DNA synthesis performed by the 95 DNA polymerase alpha primase complex from calf thymus. Novobiocin at 500 micrograms/ml or at higher concentrations irreversibly inactivated DNA polymerase alpha primase complex. The accuracy of in vitro DNA synthesis in the absence of repair mechanisms was determined from amber-revertant assays with phi X174am16(+) DNA as template. The antimicrobial agents did not significantly increase the frequencies of base pairing mismatches during the course of replication, indicating that the basal mutation rate is not affected by novobiocin and the 4-quinolones. The Ki values of 50% inhibition of DNA topoisomerases from calf thymus by ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, novobiocin, nalidixic acid, and ofloxacin were 300, 400, 1,000 or more, 1,000 or more, and 1,500 or more micrograms/ml, respectively, in the case of topoisomerase I, and the Ki values were 150, 300, 500, 1,000, and 1,300 micrograms/ml, respectively, in the case of topoisomerase II. The procaryotic topoisomerase II is approximately 100-fold more sensitive to inhibition by ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin than is its eucaryotic counterpart. Growth curves of lymphoblasts were recorded in the presence of ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Neither 1 nor 10 micrograms of ciprofloxacin or of ofloxacin per ml affected cell proliferation. Ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin at 100 micrograms/ml inhibited cell growth; 1,000 micrograms/ml led to cell death. No correlation exists between the antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of the 4-quinolones.
|
['Cell Division', 'Cell Line', 'Ciprofloxacin', 'DNA Polymerase II', 'DNA Topoisomerases, Type I', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Electrophoresis, Agar Gel', 'Humans', 'Lymphocytes', 'Novobiocin', 'Ofloxacin', 'Oxazines', 'Quinolines', 'Spheroplasts', 'Thymus Gland']
| 3,015,015
|
[['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322.186'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300.230'], ['D08.811.399.403.483', 'D12.776.157.687.375', 'D12.776.660.720.375'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['E05.196.401.153', 'E05.301.300.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['D03.383.663.283.446.139.500', 'D03.633.100.150.446.139.500', 'D09.408.554'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322.500'], ['D03.383.533'], ['D03.633.100.810'], ['A11.868', 'B03.110.761', 'B05.110.761'], ['A10.549.750', 'A15.382.520.604.750']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Clinical effect of intravenous ciprofloxacin on hospital-acquired pneumonia.
|
The effect of intravenous ciprofloxacin (CPFX) on hospital-acquired pneumonia was examined. The subjects were 32 patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia classified as being in group I, group II, and group III, based on The Japanese Respiratory Society Guidelines for management of hospital-acquired pneumonia. None of the patients had received antibiotic treatment for the pneumonia. CPFX 300 mg was intravenously infused twice daily for 3-14 days, and its clinical effect, bacterological effect, and side effects were examined. Intravenous CPEX was clinically effective in 21 of the 32 patients, with an efficacy rate of 65.6%. With regard to bacteriological efficacy, 4 of 5 strains of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, 2 of 3 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, 1 of 2 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, 1 of 2 strains of Streptococcus agalactiae, 1 of 2 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 1 of 2 strains of Serratia marcescens, and the 1 strain of Klebsiella oxytoca were eradicated, with an eradication rate of 42.3% (11 of 26 strains whose fate was confirmed eradicated). Abnormal laboratory findings (side effects) were observed in 11 of the 32 patients (34.4%), but all side effects were mild. Based on the above data, intravenous CPFX may be the drug which should be recommended as the first choice for hospital-acquired pneumonia.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Ciprofloxacin', 'Cross Infection', 'Drug Resistance, Bacterial', 'Female', 'Gram-Negative Bacteria', 'Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections', 'Gram-Positive Bacteria', 'Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections', 'Humans', 'Infection Control', 'Infusions, Intravenous', 'Male', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Middle Aged', 'Pneumonia, Bacterial', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 15,729,490
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322.186'], ['C01.248', 'C23.550.291.875.500'], ['G06.099.225', 'G06.225.347', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347'], ['B03.440'], ['C01.150.252.400'], ['B03.510'], ['C01.150.252.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.850.780.200.450'], ['E02.319.267.082.500', 'E02.319.267.510.590'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.150.252.620', 'C01.748.610.540', 'C08.381.677.540', 'C08.730.610.540'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Functional substance P receptors on a rat pancreatic acinar cell line.
|
A pancreatic acinar cell line, AR4-2J, that expresses a high density of substance P (SP)-binding sites has been identified. SP-binding sites on intact AR4-2J cells were detected with 125I-Bolton-Hunter SP (125I-BHSP). 125I-BHSP binding to AR4-2J cells has an apparent Kd of 40 pm with slow rates of association and dissociation. The number of high affinity binding sites was about 10(4)/cell. Binding of 125I-BHSP was inhibited by SP and by structurally related peptides. Physalaemin was a more potent inhibitor of binding than SP, whereas kassinin, eledoisin, and neurokinin A (substance K, neuromedin alpha, or neurokinin L) were much less potent. SP-free acid and SP (7-11) were 3 to 4 orders of magnitude less potent than SP itself. The membrane, intracellular, and secretory events elicited by exposure of AR4-2J cells to SP have also been examined. Intracellular recording from AR4-2J cells revealed resting membrane potentials of -40 to -65 mV. Pressure application of SP (100 pM to 100 nM) evoked depolarizations of 20 to 40 mV which were maintained for prolonged periods. The intracellular free calcium concentration in AR4-2J cells, measured with (2-[2-amino-5-methylphenoxy)-methyl)-6-methoxy-8-aminoquinolone tetra-acetoxy methyl ester), was between 100 and 500 nM. Addition of SP (100 pM to 10 nM) or physalaemin (1 nM) induced a transient rise in intracellular free calcium. AR4-2J cells synthesize amylase, and exposure of cells to SP resulted in a dose-dependent increase in amylase secretion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Amylases', 'Animals', 'Calcium', 'Cell Line', 'Electrophysiology', 'Iodine Radioisotopes', 'Pancreas', 'Rats', 'Receptors, Neurokinin-1', 'Receptors, Neurotransmitter', 'Substance P', 'Succinimides', 'Time Factors']
| 2,416,893
|
[['D08.811.277.450.066'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['A11.251.210'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['D01.268.380.400.500.496', 'D01.496.448.496', 'D01.496.749.474'], ['A03.734'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.862.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.830.500', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.830.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.720'], ['D12.644.276.812.900.866', 'D12.644.400.800.750', 'D12.644.456.800.866', 'D12.776.467.812.900.866', 'D12.776.631.650.800.750', 'D23.469.050.375.850.890', 'D23.529.812.900.866'], ['D02.478.770', 'D03.383.773.812.852'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Inhibition of PKC-è preserves cardiac function and reduces fibrosis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy.
|
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: T-cell infiltration, interstitial fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction have been observed in diabetic patients with cardiovascular diseases. PKC-è is crucial for the activation of mature T-cells. We hypothesized that inhibition of PKC-è might protect diabetic hearts through inhibition of T-cell stimulation and maintenance of tight junction integrity.EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: A model of type 1 diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) (50 mg kg(-1) for 5 days) in male C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) mice and Rag1 knockout (KO) mice which lack mature lymphocytes. A cell-permeable selective PKC-è peptide inhibitor (PI) was administered i.p. (0.2 mg kg(-1) ·day(-1) ) for 4 weeks (first phase) and 2 weeks (second phase). At the end of the 11th week, cardiac contractile force was measured in isolated perfused hearts. Cardiac morphology and fibrosis were determined. Phosphorylation of PKC-è at Tyr(358) , infiltrated T-cells and tight junction protein ZO-1 within the hearts were detected, using immunohistochemcial techniques.KEY RESULTS: PI did not affect high blood glucose level in both WT and Rag1 KO diabetic mice. Diabetes induced cardiac fibrosis in WT mice but not in Rag1 KO mice. PI attenuated cardiac fibrosis and improved cardiac contractility of WT diabetic hearts. PI decreased expression of phosphorylated PKC-è, reduced the infiltration of T-cells and increased ZO-1 expression within WT diabetic hearts.CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS: Inhibition of PKC-è improves cardiac function and reduces cardiac fibrosis in WT mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Mature T-cells play a key role in pathophysiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
|
['Animals', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Fibrosis', 'Heart', 'Homeodomain Proteins', 'Isoenzymes', 'Male', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Myocardial Contraction', 'Myocardium', 'Protein Kinase C', 'Protein Kinase C-theta', 'Protein Kinase Inhibitors', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Zonula Occludens-1 Protein']
| 24,641,494
|
[['B01.050'], ['C18.452.394.750.074', 'C19.246.240', 'E05.598.500.374'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['C23.550.355'], ['A07.541'], ['D12.776.260.400'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['G09.330.580', 'G11.427.494.570'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.725'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.725.075'], ['D27.505.519.389.755'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['D12.776.543.940.900.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Decreasing trend in passive tobacco smoke exposure and association with asthma in U.S. children.
|
In this study, we assessed trends of serum cotinine levels over time among US children ages 3-11 years and compared the risk of asthma in groups exposed to passive tobacco smoke. We utilized National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data collected from 2003 to 2014 (n = 8064). Serum cotinine level, household smoker status, asthma status, and sociodemographic information were extracted for multiple regression analyses. The adjusted biannual change in log (cotinine) in comparison to earlier NHANES survey cycles was - 0.196 (p < 0.001) overall, - 0.055 (p = 0.089) among children with household smoker(s), and - 0.129 (p < 0.001) among children without. The proportion of children living with household smokers decreased from 24.9% in the 2003-2004 cycle to 11.4% in the 2013-2014 cycle. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for asthma were 1.34 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00-1.80; 2nd tertile vs 1st tertile) and 1.69 (95%CI: 1.25-2.29; 3rd tertile vs1st tertile), respectively. Highly exposed asthmatic children, in the 3rd cotinine tertile (>0.13 ng/mL), were primarily Non-Hispanic Black (61.0%) and whose family incomes were below poverty guidelines. Overall results reveal passive smoke exposure level among children ages 3-11 in the US decreased over the study period. Nevertheless, higher exposure to passive smoke is still associated with higher odds of childhood asthma. Targeted smoking cessation interventions in clinical practices are needed to reduce tobacco smoke exposure and related asthma risk in children, particularly in low-income and minority groups.
|
['Asthma', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cotinine', 'Family Characteristics', 'Humans', 'Nutrition Surveys', 'Tobacco Smoke Pollution', 'United States']
| 29,859,939
|
[['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D03.383.773.812.180'], ['F01.829.263.315', 'I01.240.361', 'I01.880.853.150.423', 'N01.224.361', 'N01.824.308', 'N06.850.505.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.980.485', 'N05.715.360.300.800.469', 'N06.850.505.616', 'N06.850.520.308.980.469'], ['D20.633.937.680', 'N06.850.460.100.555'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Catecholamine-stimulated GTPase activity in turkey erythrocyte membranes.
|
Determination of specific GTPase (EC 3.6.1.--) activity in turkey erythrocyte membranes was achieved using low concentration of GTP (0.25 muM), inhibition of nonspecific nucleoside triphosphatases by adenosine 5'(beta,gamma-imino-triphosphate (App(NH)p) and suppression of the transfer of gamma-32P from GTP to ADP with an ATP regeneration system. Under these conditions catacholamines caused a 30--70% increase in GTP hydrolysis. The stimulation of GTPase activity by catecholamines required the presence of Mg2+ or Mn2+. DIfferent batches of membranes revealed the following specific activities (pmol 32Pi/mg protein min): basal GTPase (determined in the absence of catecholamine), 6-- 11; catecholamine-stimulated TTPase, 3--7; and residual non-specific NTPase 3--5. The stimulation of GTPase activity by catecholamines fulfilled the stereospecific requirements of the beta-adrenergic receptor, and was inhibited by propranolol. The concentrations of DL-isoproterenol which half-maximally activated the GTPase and adenylate cyclase were 1 and 1.2 muM, respectively. The following findings indicate that the catecholamine-stimulated GTPase is independent of the catalytic production of cyclic AMP by the adenylate cyclase. Addition of cyclic AMP to the GTPase assay did not change the rate of GTP hydrolysis. Furthermore, treatment of the membrane with N-ethylmaleimide (MalNEt) at 0 degrees C which caused 98% inhibition of the adenylate cyclase, had no effect on the catecholamine-stimulated GTPase. The affinity and specificity for GTP in the GTPase reactions are similar to those previously reported for the stimulation of the adenylate cyclase. The apparent Km for GTP in the basal and the catecholamine-stimulated GTPase reaction was 0.1 muM. These GTPase activities were inhibited by ITP but not by CTP and UTP. It is proposed that a catecholamine-stimulated GTPase is a component of the turkey erythrocyte adenylate cyclase system.
|
['Adenylyl Cyclases', 'Animals', 'Catecholamines', 'Catechols', 'Dopamine', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Epinephrine', 'Erythrocyte Membrane', 'Erythrocytes', 'GTP Phosphohydrolases', 'Isoproterenol', 'Kinetics', 'Norepinephrine', 'Phenylephrine', 'Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases', 'Propranolol', 'Turkeys']
| 188,466
|
[['D08.811.520.650.200', 'D12.644.360.050', 'D12.776.476.050'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.092.311', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.166'], ['D02.092.211.215.406', 'D02.092.311.342', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D02.033.100.291.310', 'D02.092.063.291.310', 'D02.092.211.215.454', 'D02.092.311.461', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.461'], ['A11.118.290.270', 'A11.284.149.356', 'A15.145.229.334.270'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['D08.811.277.040.330'], ['D02.033.100.291.439', 'D02.092.063.291.439', 'D02.092.311.649', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.649'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D02.033.100.291.502', 'D02.092.063.480', 'D02.092.211.215.746', 'D02.092.311.830', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.830'], ['D02.033.100.291.617', 'D02.092.063.291.617'], ['D08.811.277.352.650'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.711', 'D02.033.755.624.698.711', 'D02.092.063.624.698.711', 'D02.455.426.559.847.638.945', 'D04.615.638.945'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.800', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Activation of the UPR protects against cigarette smoke-induced RPE apoptosis through up-regulation of Nrf2.
|
Recent studies have revealed a role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced unfolded protein response (UPR) in the regulation of RPE cell activity and survival. Herein, we examined the mechanisms by which the UPR modulates apoptotic signaling in human RPE cells challenged with cigarette smoking extract (CSE). Our results show that CSE exposure induced a dose- and time-dependent increase in ER stress markers, enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial fragmentation, and apoptosis of RPE cells. These changes were prevented by the anti-oxidant NAC or chemical chaperone TMAO, suggesting a close interaction between oxidative and ER stress in CSE-induced apoptosis. To decipher the role of the UPR, overexpression or down-regulation of XBP1 and CHOP genes was manipulated by adenovirus or siRNA. Overexpressing XBP1 protected against CSE-induced apoptosis by reducing CHOP, p-p38, and caspase-3 activation. In contrast, XBP1 knockdown sensitized the cells to CSE-induced apoptosis, which is likely through a CHOP-independent pathway. Surprisingly, knockdown of CHOP reduced p-eIF2á and Nrf2 resulting in a marked increase in caspase-3 activation and apoptosis. Furthermore, Nrf2 inhibition increased ER stress and exacerbated cell apoptosis, while Nrf2 overexpression reduced CHOP and protected RPE cells. Our data suggest that although CHOP may function as a pro-apoptotic gene during ER stress, it is also required for Nrf2 up-regulation and RPE cell survival. In addition, enhancing Nrf2 and XBP1 activity may help reduce oxidative and ER stress and protect RPE cells from cigarette smoke-induced damage.
|
['Acetylcysteine', 'Apoptosis', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Survival', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Free Radical Scavengers', 'Gene Expression', 'Humans', 'Methylamines', 'Mitochondria', 'NF-E2-Related Factor 2', 'RNA Interference', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Regulatory Factor X Transcription Factors', 'Retinal Pigment Epithelium', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Smoke', 'Tobacco', 'Transcription Factor CHOP', 'Transcription Factors', 'Unfolded Protein Response', 'Up-Regulation', 'X-Box Binding Protein 1']
| 25,568,320
|
[['D02.886.030.230.259', 'D12.125.166.230.259'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.346'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G04.434'], ['A11.436'], ['D27.505.519.217.500'], ['G05.297'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.092.668'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['D12.776.260.108.737', 'D12.776.930.127.737'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['D12.776.260.950.624', 'D12.776.930.977.624'], ['A09.371.670.500', 'A09.371.729.887'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['D20.633.937'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.900'], ['D12.776.260.108.124.875', 'D12.776.660.167.875', 'D12.776.930.127.124.875'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600.962', 'G02.111.691.600.850', 'G03.734.871.790.600.850', 'G05.308.670.600.850'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998'], ['D12.776.260.108.937', 'D12.776.930.127.937']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Efficacy of stenting after rotational atherectomy for ostial LAD and ostial LCX stenosis in patients with diabetes.
|
OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to investigate the efficacy of stenting after rotational atherectomy (rotastent) for ostial LAD and ostial LCX stenosis in patients with diabetes.BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated that rotastent for non-aorto ostial stenoses can be performed safely with high clinical success rate. However, in diabetic patients, long-term results of rotastent for ostial stenoses are still unknown.METHODS: A series of 70 patients with de novo non-aorto ostial stenosis who underwent successful elective stenting after rotational atherectomy were the subject of this study. Clinical, angiographic, and procedural characteristics, as well as acute and chronic results were obtained for all patients.RESULTS: There were no significant differences between diabetic versus non-diabetic patients in terms of baseline clinical characteristics, lesion characteristics, and procedural factors. The restenosis rate of diabetic patients was significantly higher than that of non-diabetic patients as assessed by the follow-up angiogram (53% versus 28%, respectively; p < 0.05). The rate of lesion progression which meant the development of new left main or non-treated artery-ostial narrowing was significantly higher in diabetic patients at follow-up angiography (23% versus 5%; p < 0.05 compared to non-diabetic patients). By use of multiple regression analysis, diabetes mellitus was identified as an independent predictor of restenosis and lesion progression.CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that diabetic patients are more likely to have not only higher rates of restenosis but also development of new left main narrowing or non-treated artery ostial narrowing compared to non-diabetic patients.
|
['Aged', 'Atherectomy, Coronary', 'Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Coronary Stenosis', 'Diabetes Complications', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Reoperation', 'Stents', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 15,640,533
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.148.050.120.125', 'E04.100.376.719.125', 'E04.100.814.529.124.120.125', 'E04.100.814.529.968.060', 'E04.502.382.124.120.125', 'E04.502.382.968.060', 'E04.928.220.520.110', 'E05.157.016.120.125'], ['E04.100.814.868.500', 'E04.650.200'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['C14.280.647.250.285', 'C14.907.585.250.285'], ['C19.246.099'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['E04.690'], ['E07.695.750'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The effect of danazol on the production of C1 inhibitor in the guinea pig.
|
The production of C1 inhibitor (C1-INH) in guinea pig liver was studied following administration of danazol. Immunochemical assays of the inhibitor were performed on serial serum specimens. An increase in serum C1-INH was observed following danazol treatment. Immunohistochemical studies confirmed that the liver is the sole site of synthesis of C1-INH in guinea pigs. This appears to occur in certain clones of hepatocytes. Ultrastructural studies revealed an increase in coarse endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria in danazol-treated animals. In in vitro studies with liver slices, however, more C1-INH was detected in culture supernatants from untreated animals than from danazol-treated animals. This observation suggests that secretion of C1-INH from stimulated hepatocytes may require additional factors which are present in vivo but not in vitro.
|
['Animals', 'Complement C1 Inactivator Proteins', 'Danazol', 'Female', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Liver', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Molecular Weight', 'Pregnadienes']
| 6,399,878
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.644.861.140', 'D12.776.124.486.274.920.250', 'D12.776.872.140'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.235'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['A03.620'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['G02.494'], ['D04.210.500.745.432']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Investigator® Argus X-12 study on the population of Czech Republic: comparison of linked and unlinked X-STRs for kinship analysis.
|
DNA samples of 523 unrelated anonymized individuals (307 males and 216 females) born and living in the Czech Republic were genotyped using Investigator® Argus X-12 system in the following loci localized in four linkage groups: DXS10148, DXS10135, DXS8378, DXS7132, DXS10079, DXS10074, DXS10103, HPRTB, DXS10101, DXS10146, DXS10134, DXS742. Haplotype frequencies were calculated for each LG (Linkage Group). The frequency of most common haplotype was 0.016, 0.036, 0.042, and 0.023 for LG1, LG2, LG3, and LG4, respectively. The combined power of discrimination was more than 0.999999999 both for female and male samples. The mean exclusion chance was 0.99999999 (trios) and 0.999999 (duos). Informativity and suitability of Investigator® Argus X-12 for kinship determination was assessed by computing in several female-female duos using LR (Likelihood Ratio) determination for autosomal STR (PowerPlex ESI-17), linked (Investigator® Argus X-12 system), and unlinked (X-STR Decaplex) X-STR kits. Investigator® Argus X-12 proved to be very useful for sibship determination, since its LR values were relatively similar to LR for autosomal STR kit. This work presents the first population data for Investigator® Argus X-12 system in the Czech Republic.
|
['Chromosomes, Human, X', 'Czech Republic', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Female', 'Genetic Markers', 'Genetics, Population', 'Genotyping Techniques', 'Humans', 'Linkage Disequilibrium', 'Male', 'Microsatellite Repeats']
| 24,789,012
|
[['A11.284.187.520.300.325.680', 'A11.284.187.865.982.500', 'G05.360.162.520.300.325.680', 'G05.360.162.865.982.500'], ['Z01.542.248.395'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['D23.101.387', 'G05.695.450'], ['H01.158.273.343.335'], ['E05.393.442'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.348.500'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.340.024.850.500']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Angiographic and clinical characteristics associated with the removable plaque components by means of thrombectomy catheters in patients with myocardial infarction.
|
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated that atheroembolism during percutaneous coronary intervention is associated with myocardial damage. The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical and angiographic characteristics related to removable plaque elements in patients undergoing thrombectomy for myocardial infarction.METHODS: Eighty consecutive lesions in 80 patients (M/F=58/22, age 65.5+/-11.6 years) with myocardial infarction who underwent thrombectomy (TVAC system, Nipro, Osaka, Japan) prior to mechanical dilatation (balloon angioplasty and/or stent implantation) were investigated. Visible debris was collected and plaque elements (cholesterol clefts and/or foamy cells) were investigated pathologically. Baseline angiographic characteristics [baseline thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) grade, culprit lesion, haziness, lesion length, ostium, bifurcation, calcification, eccentricity, thrombus, and multivessel] were analyzed, and predictive angiographic and clinical factors for plaque elements were investigated.RESULTS: There were no complications related to thrombectomy. Final TIMI grade 3 and blush grade 2 or 3 were achieved in 75 (94%) and 66 (83%) patients, respectively. Visible debris specimens were obtained in 49 (61%) patients. Histological plaque elements (cholesterol clefts and/or foamy cells) were observed in 27 out of 49 patients with debris specimens. There was no significant difference in the clinical characteristics between the groups of patients with (group P) and without (group NP) plaque elements. Aspirated plaque elements were more frequently observed in discrete and eccentric lesions (group P vs. group NP: discreteness, 52% vs. 28%, P<.05; eccentricity, 67% vs. 36%, P<.05).CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated the clinical characteristics associated with removable plaque components in patients with myocardial infarction undergoing thrombectomy by means of the TVAC system. Discreteness and eccentricity were more frequently observed in lesions with removable plaque elements.
|
['Aged', 'Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary', 'Cardiac Catheterization', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Coronary Thrombosis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Risk Factors', 'Stents', 'Thrombectomy', 'Thrombolytic Therapy', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 18,053,944
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.148.050.060.100', 'E04.100.376.719.100', 'E04.100.814.529.124.060.100', 'E04.100.814.529.968.050', 'E04.502.382.124.060.100', 'E04.502.382.968.050', 'E04.928.220.520.100', 'E05.157.016.060.100'], ['E01.370.370.380.140', 'E02.148.442', 'E05.157.250'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['C14.280.647.250.290', 'C14.907.355.830.220', 'C14.907.585.250.290'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E07.695.750'], ['E04.100.814.842'], ['E02.319.913'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A normative study of a shorter version of Raven's progressive matrices 1938.
|
A shorter four-set (A, B, C, D) version of Raven's progressive matrices 1938 (PM38) has gained increasing use in neuropsychological assessment. No normative data spanning across a wide age range are, however, available. This study collected norms for the shorter version of PM38, established an inferential cut-off value and derived equivalent scores in a sample of 248 individuals from 20 to 89 years of age, evenly distributed across sex, age and education levels. Results showed significant effects of age and education but no effect of sex on performance. These normative data will complement existing norms for other tests, will increase the wealth of neuropsychological tools for which normative data are available for the Italian population, and may be useful in the early detection of individuals at risk of developing dementia.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Brain Damage, Chronic', 'Educational Status', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Italy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Reference Values', 'Regression Analysis', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sex Factors']
| 14,716,529
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C10.228.140.140'], ['N01.824.196'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.513'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Effects of dietary calcium to available phosphorus ratios on bone metabolism and osteoclast activity of the OPG /RANK/RANKL signalling pathway in piglets.
|
Hydroxyapatite, a mineral form of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) that gives bones their rigidity, is the major and essential component of bones and teeth in the human and animal body. A suitable ratio of Ca and P is vital for bone growth. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of dietary calcium to available phosphorus ratios (Ca/AP) on bone metabolism and osteoclast activity of the osteoprotegerin (OPG)/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) signalling pathway in piglets. At days 15 and 29, the piglets were assessed for growth performance, blood indicators, cytokines and the OPG/RANK/RANKL signalling pathway. Our results showed that piglets fed a dietary Ca/AP ratio of 2:1 increases growth performance and regulates blood indicators and cytokines (parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin (CT), vitamin D3 (VD3 ), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), transforming growth factor-â (TGF-â), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), carboxyterminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PICP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN) content). We also demonstrated that this ratio affects hormone secretion and further bone metabolism through the OPG/RANK/RANKL signalling pathway of osteoclasts. These results indicate that a suitable dietary Ca/AP ratio is vital for bone growth and reduce the incidence of bone diseases such as osteoporosis, providing a practical basis for the raising of piglets.
|
['Animals', 'Bone Density', 'Bone and Bones', 'Calcium, Dietary', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Male', 'Osteoclasts', 'Osteoprotegerin', 'Phosphorus, Dietary', 'RANK Ligand', 'Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B', 'Swine']
| 31,062,421
|
[['B01.050'], ['G11.427.100'], ['A02.835.232', 'A10.165.265'], ['D01.146.395'], ['G05.308'], ['A11.329.372.700', 'A11.627.482.700'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.949.249'], ['D01.695.635'], ['D12.644.276.374.750.562', 'D12.776.467.374.750.562', 'D23.529.374.750.562'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.345'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Landscape surrounding human settlements and Anopheles albimanus (Diptera: Culicidae) abundance in Southern Chiapas, Mexico.
|
Landscape characteristics that may influence important components of the Anopheles albimanus Wiedemann life cycle, including potential breeding sites, suitable diurnal resting sites, and possible sources of blood meals, were analyzed at 14 villages in a malarious area of southern Mexico. An. albimanus adults were collected weekly in each village using UV-light traps between July 1991 and August 1992. Based on rainfall, the study was divided into 6 seasonal periods. Villages were considered to have high mosquito abundance when >5 mosquitoes per trap per night were collected during any 1 of the 6 seasonal periods. The extension and frequency of 11 land cover types surrounding villages were determined using aerial photographs and subsequently verified through field surveys. Elevation was the main landscape feature that separated villages with low and high mosquito abundance. All villages with high mosquito abundance were below 25 m. Transitional and mangrove land cover types were found only in the high mosquito abundance group. Flooded areas as potential breeding sites and potential adult resting sites in unmanaged pastures were significantly more frequent in areas surrounding villages with high mosquito abundance. No significant differences in density of cattle and horses were found among village groups. Overall, surrounding breeding sites located at low elevations in flooded unmanaged pastures seemed to be the most important determinants of An. albimanus adult abundance in the villages.
|
['Animals', 'Anopheles', 'Environment', 'Humans', 'Mexico', 'Population Density']
| 8,906,903
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.712.500.875.120'], ['G16.500.275', 'N06.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.589'], ['N01.224.600', 'N06.850.505.400.600']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Immunization with Ascaris suum extract impairs T cell functions in mice.
|
The effect of an Ascaris suum extract (Asc) on several T cell functions was studied in mice immunized with Asc and ovalbumin (OA) in complete Freund's adjuvant. Delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions following challenge with aggregated OA were markedly diminished in mice injected with OA plus a high dose of Asc compared to OA-immunized animals. Proliferation and IL-2, IFN-gamma, IL-4, and IL-10 production in OA-stimulated lymph node cells from the OA + Asc-immunized group were also inhibited. Titration of anti-OA antibodies also showed suppression of IgG1, IgG2a, and IgE isotypes in the animals injected simultaneously with the extract. The degree of suppression induced by Asc on OA-specific cell-mediated responses was dose dependent. The profile of cytokines synthesized in response to Asc also changed depending on the injected dose. IL-4 and IL-10 were mainly produced in response to high doses, whereas IL-2 and IFN-gamma were greatly enhanced at a low dose of Asc. These findings indicate that the A. suum extract may impair crucial T cell functions for cell-mediated as well as humoral immune responses to other antigens through the induction of a predominantly Th2-like response.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Helminth', 'Antibody Formation', 'Antigens, Helminth', 'Ascaris suum', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic', 'Hypersensitivity', 'Hypersensitivity, Delayed', 'Immunoglobulin Isotypes', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Interleukin-10', 'Interleukin-2', 'Interleukin-4', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred DBA', 'Ovalbumin', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 7,743,547
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.185', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.185', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.185'], ['G12.450.050.370.250'], ['D23.050.223'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.400.500.100.108.700'], ['G12.300'], ['C20.543'], ['C20.543.418'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.510', 'D12.776.467.374.465.510', 'D23.529.374.465.510'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.021', 'D12.644.276.374.480.372', 'D12.776.467.374.465.021', 'D12.776.467.374.480.372', 'D23.529.374.465.155', 'D23.529.374.480.372'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.186', 'D12.776.467.374.465.178', 'D23.529.374.465.186'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.500'], ['D12.644.861.557', 'D12.776.034.614', 'D12.776.256.159.157.663', 'D12.776.290.663', 'D12.776.872.557'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Inhibition of MicroRNA-96 Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment and Inactivation Autophagy Following Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion in the Rat.
|
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is a high-risk factor for vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Autophagy plays a critical role in the initiation and progression of CCH. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we identified the effect of a microRNA (miR) on autophagy under CCH.METHODS: A CCH rat model was established by two-vessel occlusion (2VO). Learning and memory abilities were assessed by the Morris water maze. The protein levels of LC3, beclin-1, and mTOR were detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence assays, miR-96 expression was assessed by real-time PCR, luciferase assays were used to determine the effect of miR-96 on the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of mTOR, and the number of autophagosomes was examined by electron microscopy.RESULTS: The level of miR-96 was significantly increased in 2VO rats, and inhibition of miR-96 ameliorated the cognitive impairment induced by 2VO. Furthermore, the number of LC3- and beclin-1-positive autophagosomes was increased in 2VO rats, and was decreased after miR-96 antagomir injection. However, the protein level of mTOR was reduced in 2VO rats, and it was down-regulated by miR-96 overexpression and up-regulated by miR-96 inhibition in 2VO rats and primary culture cells. Moreover, the luciferase activity of the 3'-UTR of mTOR was suppressed by miR-96, which was relieved by mutation of the miR-96 binding sites.CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated that miR-96 may play a key role in autophagy under CCH by regulating mTOR; therefore, miR-96 may represent a potential therapeutic target for CCH.
|
["3' Untranslated Regions", 'Alzheimer Disease', 'Animals', 'Antagomirs', 'Autophagosomes', 'Autophagy', 'Beclin-1', 'Binding Sites', 'Brain Ischemia', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Male', 'Maze Learning', 'Memory', 'MicroRNAs', 'Microtubule-Associated Proteins', 'Neurons', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases']
| 30,134,226
|
[['D13.444.735.544.875.880', 'D13.444.735.790.878.880', 'G05.360.340.024.220.880.880', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.910.880'], ['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D13.695.578.424.112'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.700.500'], ['G04.011'], ['D12.644.360.075.335', 'D12.776.094.500', 'D12.776.476.075.335'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['C10.228.140.300.150', 'C14.907.253.092'], ['A11.251'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['F02.463.425.874.500'], ['F02.463.425.540'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['D12.776.220.600.450', 'D12.776.631.560'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.931', 'D12.776.476.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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